905R88112
v>EPA
         United States
         Environmental Protection
         Agency
 Office of Public Affairs
 Region 5
, 230 S. Dearborn
 Chicago, II 60604
Illinois Indiana
Michigan Minnesota
Ohio Wisconsin
         Summary of  Risk
         Assessment and  Proposed
         Risk Management Actions
         Midland, Michigan
         April 1988
  Not to Scale
Consumers Power Company
    Cooling Ponds
                                                             FIGURE 1
                                                             Dow Chemical Company
                                                             Midland Plant Site Map
                                                             Midland, Michigan
INTRODUCTION

In 1983, at the request of the Michigan Department of
Natural Resources (MDNR), the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) initiated a series of
environmental studies in the Midland, Michigan, area for
dioxins and other tone pollutants. Much of this
investigative work focused on sources of dioxins at the Dow
Chemical Michigan Division Midland Plant. The results of
different parts of these studies were released in 1985 and
1986.

U.S. EPA is now releasing a summary of the final results of
each study, and an assessment of the possible public health
risks associated with dioxin exposures in the Midland area.
                         U.S. EPA is also seeking public comment on the risk
                         assessment and proposed risk management actions it
                         believes are appropriate to further reduce dioxin emissions
                         and discharges from Dow Chemical, and to further reduce
                         public exposures to dioxins. This fact sheet summarizes the
                         results of the risk assessment and risk management study.

                         The public will have an opportunity to comment on the risk
                         assessment and risk management reports during a public
                         comment period beginning April 25,1988. More
                         information about these studies and the comment period is
                         located at the end of this fact sheet under "Opportunities for
                         Public Involvement." %*

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MAJOR FINDINGS AND
CONCLUSIONS

•  Point  source  and  environmental  studies
   conducted  by   U.S. EPA,  the  State   of
   Michigan, and Dow Chemical over the past
   several years indicate that the Dow Chemical
   Midland plant has been the most significant,
   if not the only significant, source of dioxin
   contamination at  the  plant site  and  the
   general Midland area.

•  2378-TCDD and other dioxins and related
   compounds have been found in native  fish
   from the Tittabawassee River; in surface soils
   at the Dow plant and at relatively low levels
   in the community; and in ambient air outside
   of the plant.  Dioxins have not been found in
   the public or private drinking water supplies
   that were tested.

•  Discharges and emissions of dioxins from
   Dow Chemical have been reduced, and levels
   in Tittabawassee River fish may be declining.
   Corrective actions  implemented  by  Dow
   Chemical over the past several years appear
   to have lowered the  levels of dioxins outside
   the plant.

•  Levels of dioxins found in surface soils in the
   community, and in ambient  air generally do
   not  present unacceptable public health risks.
   Health risks associated with living in Midland
   are  probably   not  different  from  those
   experienced    in   other    industrialized
   communities.

•  The levels of dioxins found in Tittabawassee
   River  fish present a potential public health
   concern for  people who  eat those  fish,
   particularly children, pregnant women,  and
   women of child-bearing age.

•  U.S. EPA   is   proposing    certain    risk
   management actions to further reduce public
   exposures   and   the   risk   of    dioxin
   contamination. These include:

   Additional Point Source Controls at the  Dow
    Chemical Midland Plant
   •  Research  on  additional wastewater
      treatment for dioxins.

   •  Studies  of  the  possible  effects  of
      incinerator wastewater treatment and
      pond sediments on dioxin wastewater
      discharge levels.

   •  Further improvement of combustion
      and   pollution   controls   at   the
      hazardous waste incinerator.

   •  Continuation of programs to minimize
      windblown dust from the plant site.

Precautionary Measures Recommended to
the Public  for  Minimizing  Exposures to
Dioxins

   •  In   Michigan,   responsibility   for
      advising the  public on the health risks
      of  fish  consumption lies  with the
      Department   of   Public   Health
      (MDPH).   The  MDPH  currently
      advises against any consumption of
      catfish    or   carp    from    the
      Tittabawassee.  The U.S.  EPA risk
      assessment  findings  provide   clear
      support for  the existing advisory and
      also point  to possible risks  from
      consumption of  walleye  and  other
      game fish from the river. The MDPH
      will  consider  the risk assessment
      findings along with any new data on
      fish  contaminant  levels  and  local
      consumption rates when it reviews its
      fish  consumption advisory for the
      Tittabawassee River.

   •  Individuals  who  choose to eat fish
      from  the  Tittabawassee River should
      clean  them  in   accordance  with
      Michigan   Department  of   Public
      Health recommendations.
   •  Parents of toddlers and children with
      pica (those  who eat large amounts of
      soil) should encourage  their children
      to  keep  dirt  or  soil  out of their
      mouths.

 U.S.  EPA is also proposing  a  number  of
 supplemental monitoring programs for Dow
 Chemical. These are outlined on page 6.

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HISTORY OF DIOXIN
STUDIES IN  MIDLAND
The Dow Chemical Company has
manufactured more than 1,000 different
chemicals at its Midland facility between
the 1930s and 1970s, including pesticides
and other chlorinated products. Dow
Chemical no longer manufactures those
chemicals most often associated with
dioxin formation.  Hazardous and non-
hazardous wastes have been incinerated
at the site since the 1930s.

In June 1978, Dow Chemical informed
the MDNR that rainbow trout exposed
to Dew's treated wastewater had
accumulated significant levels of 2,3,7,8-
tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2378-
TCDD), the most toxic of the dioxin
compounds. Based on the results of that
study and analysis of native catfish from
the Tittabawassee River, the Michigan
Department of Public Health (MDPH)
issued a formal advisory in June 1978
warning against consumption of any fish
collected from the Tittabawassee River
downstream of the Dow Dam. The
advisory remained in effect until March
1986, when the MDPH modified it to
apply only to catfish and carp, after
reviewing 1985 monitoring data
indicating lower levels in the game fish.

In response to the Dow Chemical
findings, the MDNR and U.S. EPA
conducted a number of investigations
from 1978 through 1981 to determine
whether or to what extent the Dow
Chemical Midland Plant had contributed
to 2378-TCDD contamination in
Tittabawassee River fish.  The 1981
study results showed that wastewater
originating from the plant was a
significant source of 2378-TCDD in the
Tittabawassee River. The preliminary
results from those studies were released
in March 1983 with a series of
recommendations for additional dioxin
studies in Midland and elsewhere.
Those recommendations were reflected
in U.S. EPA's  Dioxin Strategy and
National Dioxin Study.

In March 1983, the State of Michigan
made a formal request to the U.S. EPA
for assistance in conducting a series of
dioxin studies at the Dow Chemical
Midland Plant, and assessing dioxin
contamination in the Midland area. In
the spring and summer of 1983,
U.S. EPA coordinated planning for the
studies with several state agencies. The
studies, collectively called the Michigan
Dioxin Studies, included the following
elements:
•   Native fish and sediment sampling in
    the Tittabawassee River.

•   Surface soil sampling at the Dow
    Chemical Midland Plant, in the city
    of Midland, and at comparison sites.

•   Evaluation of public and private
    drinking water supplies and Dow
    Chemical brine operations.

•   Dow Chemical wastewater and
    sewer system sampling.

•   Incinerator emissions and limited air
    monitoring.


These investigations included analyses
for dioxins and other toxic pollutants
that might be present.

In 1983, Dow Chemical initiated its own
investigation of dioxins at the Midland
Plant.  That work included surface soil
sampling at the plant, untreated and
treated wastewater sampling, incinerator
emissions testing and limited air
monitoring.

In 1987, Dow Chemical conducted
additional incinerator emissions testing,
monitoring of Tittabawassee River fish
in response to a consent order with
U.S. EPA, and twice monthly monitoring
for 2378-TCDD in process wastewater
discharged to the Tittabawassee River.

Studies by Dow Chemical and U.S. EPA
revealed widespread contamination of
surface soil at Dew's Midland facility,
with an average concentration of 0.5 ppb
2378-TCDD.  Several small areas within
the facility were found to be more highly
contaminated (2 ppb to 50 ppb).
U.S. EPA studies also  found lower level
dioxin contamination of soils throughout
the community, with an average
concentration of less than 0.1 ppb. -
Since then, Dow has paved over the
heavily contaminated soil at the plant in
response to U.S. EPA orders.  The
sources of on-site soil contamination
appear to have been leaks or emissions
from the production processes and the
waste incinerator. The off-site soil
contamination has been attributed to
airborne incinerator emissions of
dioxins, wind-borne contaminated soil
from the facility, and past emissions
from production operations.
Significant levels of dioxins have also
been detected hi treated Dow Chemical
wastewater which is discharged to the
Tittabawassee River.  Studies conducted
between 1979 and 1985 determined that
2378-TCDD persisted at levels of
concern hi Tittabawassee River native
fish, despite the shut-down of the Dow
Chemical Midland Plant production
facilities principally associated with
dioxin formation.


The most recent information indicates
2378-TCDD levels in native fish may be
declining.  Data collected in 1985 show
that native Tittabawassee River fish
collected downstream of the Dow
Chemical Midland plant area are also
contaminated with other organic
chemicals, including PCBs. The Dow
Chemical Midland Plant is not believed
to be a significant source of PCBs.


The U.S. EPA has evaluated data from
its testing programs and available data
from other studies in a risk assessment
for  people living in the Midland area. A
summary of the risk assessment is
presented in the following section. «*

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RISK ASSESSMENT

There are four components to a risk
assessment:

Hazard Identification - Identifies the
hazards and potentially toxic effects a
contaminant may produce on human
health and the environment.

Dose-response assessment - Determines
the dose or amount of the contaminant
that may produce an adverse human
health response.

Human exposure assessment - Assesses
the potential for people to come in
contact with the contaminant, as well as
the maximum amount of exposure which
may occur.

Risk characterization - Combines all the
above factors to estimate the potential
health impacts from the contaminant in
question. Also, the uncertainty
associated with the risk estimates is
reviewed.
 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

 Chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (CDDs,
 or simply dioxins) are a family of 75
 related chemical compounds with
 varying chemical, physical, and
 toricologic properties. The form of
 dioxm that appears to be the most toxic,
 and has generally raised the greatest
 health concerns, is 2,3,7,8-
 tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, abbreviated
 as 2378-TCDD.

 Experimental studies with 2378-TCDD
 in laboratory animals have shown a
 variety of toxic effects. These include
 cancer, reproductive effects, liver
 damage, effects on the skin and thyroid,
 and effects on unborn offspring.

 U.S. EPA has determined that the
 critical concerns associated with
 exposure to dioxins in the Midland area
 are cancer, reproductive and teratogenic
 effects, and liver damage. A teratogen is
 a substance which has adverse effects on
 an unborn child, when the mother is
 exposed.
DOSE-RESPONSE ASSESSMENT

The evidence for the cancer-causing
effects of 2378-TCDD comes mainly
from several long-term studies of
laboratory animals exposed to the
substance. Based on these studies and
other factors, U.S. EPA has concluded
that 2378-TCDD causes cancer in
animals and should be regarded as a
probable human carcinogen. U.S. EPA
used the experimental animal data to
develop dose levels at which various
health effects may occur. U.S. EPA is
currently re-evaluating its estimates of
the cancer potency of 2378-TCDD.

Many of the samples of fish, soil, water,
and air analyzed in U.S. EPA's studies
were found to contain several different
types of dioxins and related compounds
called chlorinated dibenzofurans.
U.S. EPA has developed a procedure for
estimating the toricity of mixtures of
dioxins and the related compounds by
converting the results to equivalent
amounts of 2378-TCDD. This approach
was used in the  risk assessment to take
into account the possible toxic effects of
the other dioxins and related
compounds.

 HUMAN EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT

 Exposure to Ambient Air
 Midland has a total population of
 approximately 32,000 people. About
 26,000 of these people live within three
 miles of the Dow Chemical Midland
 Plant.  Most of the population lives
 between 05 and 35 miles north of the
 plant.  However, several residences are
 located closer to the facility. Based on
 the results of ambient air studies, many
 of Midland's residents have been
 exposed to low levels of dioxins in the
 air.  For the risk assessment, U.S. EPA
 evaluated the exposures of two groups of
 people: (1) a group who would
 theoretically live their lives near the
 fenceline of the Dow plant and (2)
 another group who live in the more
 heavily populated area north and
 northeast of the plant.
Exposure to Soil
Soil studies conducted by U.S. EPA
indicate that the average level of 2378-
TCDD in Midland soils outside the Dow
Chemical plant is less than 0.1 ppb. This
is well below the 1 ppb level in
residential soils at which the Centers for
Disease Control (CDC) recommends
consideration of actions to minimize
exposures.

Some possible routes of exposure to
dioxins in Midland soils include: direct
ingestion by children playing outdoors;
ingestion of household dusts which may
be contaminated from outdoor soils;
ingestion of soil attached to home-grown
vegetables; absorption through the skin
which comes in contact with the soil
through play, gardening, or other
activities; and inhalation of contaminated
participates from the soil.

U.S. EPA soil studies in Midland have
shown that dioxins tend to concentrate in
areas near roof downspouts or drip lines.
Toddlers and children with pica are
likely to ingest more soil than older
children or adults. Children with pica
intentionally consume large amounts of
soil; this is considered a medical
disorder.

For the risk assessment, U.S. EPA
evaluated two levels for people exposed
to contaminated soils under normal
conditions. Children with pica were
considered as a separate group.
Exposure to Drinking Water
Based on testing and follow-up surveys,
U.S. EPA concluded that 2378-TCDD
was not present in the major public and
the private drinking water supplies
tested.

Fyppsure to Contaminated Fish
Fish consumption presents the most
significant exposure to dioxins in the
Midland area for people who eat fish
caught in the Tittabawassee River. This
is because toxic substances such as
dioxin (and PCBs) tend to collect and
concentrate in the fatty tissues of fish
and are directly ingested into the body
by those who eat fish. Although the
Tittabawassee River is not used for
commercial fishing, it is heavily used by
sport fishermen.

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Fishermen and their families who may
eat fish from the Tittabawassee River as
a significant portion of their diet are of
most concern. Bottom-feeding fish, such
as catfish and carp have been shown to
accumulate higher levels of
contaminants than game fish. These fish
are usually more fatty than game fish
and obtain more of their food from river
sediments which may be contaminated.
Tittabawassee River game fish, such as
walleye, smaUmouth bass, crappie,
northern pike, and yellow perch, contain
lower levels of 2378-TCDD, with an
overall average concentration of less
than 5 ppt.

For the risk assessment, U.S. EPA
evaluated risks for several groups of
people who might eat Tittabawassee
River fish.  The highest group might eat
as much as 80 Ibs/year, half of which
would be game fish and half bottom-
feeding fish. The lowest group would eat
only 6 Ibs/year, half of which would be
game fish from the Tittabawassee River
and half uncontaminated fish from
another source.

Other Routes of Exposure
Infants may be exposed to dioxin when
breast fed. Compounds such as dioxin
are retained in the fatty tissues of the
                    mother, and are secreted in fat-rich milk.
                    Infants who depend on their mother's
                    milk for most or all of their diet, could
                    be exposed to higher levels of dioxin
                    than the mother herself. However, the
                    many important benefits of breast
                    feeding probably outweigh these risks in
                    most cases.
                    RISK CHARACTERIZATION

                    As noted earlier, U.S. EPA's risk
                    assessment focuses on cancer,
                    reproductive and teratogenic effects, and
                    liver damage as the critical public health
                    concerns for dioxin contamination in
                    Midland. U.S. EPA evaluated possible
                    public health risks associated with
                    cancer, in terms of the excess rate of
                    cancer expected beyond the national
                    average cancer rate which is about one
                    in four.  The estimated excess lifetime
                    cancer risks associated with dioxin
                    exposures in the Midland area are
                    presented in Table 1. Note that these
                    "upper-bound" risks are based on
                    conservative assumptions. Actual risks
                    to Midland residents are likely to be
                    lower than the values shown below.
              Cancer risks from consumption of
              Tittabawassee River fish are estimated
              to be the most significant and much
              higher than risks associated with
              exposure to Midland soils or ambient
              air.


              The greatest estimated non-cancer risks
              are also associated with activities where
              people eat or ingest materials containing
              dioxins. These activities include fish
              consumption, soil ingestion by children
              with pica, and breast feeding by mothers
              who have had high rates of exposure.
              Again, fish consumption is by far the
              most significant. Non-cancer effects
              include adverse effects on the
              reproductive systems and the liver.

              U.S. EPA believes actions should be
              considered to minimize exposure to
              substances when the estimated excess
              lifetime cancer risk levels exceed 1 in
              100,000 to 1 in 1,000,000 range, or when
              non-cancer risks are estimated to be
              significant based on comparison with
              reference doses and health advisories.

              The following section discusses actions
              that have been taken and should be
              taken to reduce risks to Midland
              residents from dioxin exposure.
                          SUMMARY OF ESTIMATED UPPER BOUND CANCER RISKS
                                FROM EXPOSURE TO DIOXIN CONTAMINATION
                                              IN MIDLAND, MICHIGAN
                                          Estimated Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk
      Exposure
      Route
       Higher Estimate
       Lower Estimate
      Fish
1 in 100 (maximum consumer)
1 in 1,000 (high sports fisherman)      1 in 10,000 (occasional consumer)
      Soil
1 in 100,000 (upper estimate)
1 in 10,000 (child with pica)
1 in 1,000,000 (lower estimate)
      Air
1 in 10,000 (fenceline)
1 in 100,000 (residential area)

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PROPOSED RISK
MANAGEMENT ACTIONS

Collectively, the point source and
environmental studies conducted by
U.S. EPA, the State of Michigan, and
Dow Chemical over the past several
years clearly indicate that the Dow
Chemical Michigan Division plant at
Midland has been the most significant, if
not the only significant, source of dioxin
contamination at the plant site and the
general Midland area. As a result of
these investigations Dow Chemical has
completed or is implementing several
actions to minimize emissions and
discharges of dioxins and other toxic
pollutants.  They are as follows:

•   Terminated production of certain
    chlorinated chemical compounds.
Installed a riverbank revetment
system to collect contaminated
ground water.


Upgraded operations and air
emission controls on the hazardous
waste incinerator.


Paved areas in the plant with high
levels of surface soil contamination.


Replaced open wastewater ditches
at the plant with enclosed sewers.


Installed a wastewater effluent
filtration system for the entire
treated wastewater discharge to the
Tittabawassee River. Provided
preliminary treatment of incinerator
scrubber waters.
   Implemented a dust suppression
   program on the plant site.
Recent data have shown reduced
incinerator emissions, reduced
wastewater effluent discharge levels an
to some extent, reduced fish
contamination levels. Overall,
conditions have improved significantly
over the last ten years. Despite this, th
levels of discharge and environmental
contamination as depicted by point
source and environmental data collecte
during the 1983-1986 period indicate th
further remedial work at the plant site
may be necessary. Minimization of
exposures through precautionary
measures by the public could be helpfu
in reducing the possible public health
risks described earlier.
             U.S. EPA is proposing that the following programs
             be conducted  by Dow Chemical:
  PROPOSED REMEDIAL ACTIONS BY DOW
  CHEMICAL

  WASTEWATER DISCHARGES

  *  Feasibility and end-of-pipe wastewater treatability
      studies for dioxins.

  •  Assessment of the amount of 2378-TCDD in pond
      sediments and a study to determine to what extent
      resuspended sediments containing dioxins pass
      through the filtration system.

  •  Evaluation of the effectiveness of the incinerator
      wastewater pretreatment system.

  AIR EMISSIONS

  •  Continue efforts to improve combustion conditions in
      the waste incinerator, and operation of air pollution
      control equipment to reduce dioxin emissions.

  •  Continue programs to reduce the amount of
      windblown dusts from the plant site.
                 PROPOSED POINT SOURCE AND
                 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
                 PROGRAMS BY DOW CHEMICAL

                 U.S. EPA proposes that the following programs be
                 conducted by Dow Chemical to confirm that control
                 measures installed from 1984 to 1987 are effective:

                 •  Continued wastewater discharge monitoring.

                 •  Supplemental incinerator emissions and ambient air
                    testing.

                 •  Continued Tittabawassee River fish monitoring.

                 •  Tittabawassee River sediment monitoring.

                 •  Limited food chain studies (dairy sampling; garden
                    vegetable sampling; animal, aquatic life, and bird
                    sampling).

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                       PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES
                    RECOMMENDED TO THE PUBLIC

                 Although   operations  at  Dow   Chemical   have  caused
                 widespread contamination  of the Midland area with  2378-
                 TCDD and  other dioxins,  U.S. EPA believes  the  levels of
                 contamination, with the exception  of Tittabawassee River fish,
                 do not present unacceptable or unmanageable health risks
                 to the Midland community.  There are, however, a number of
                 actions people can take to minimize exposures,  and thus
                 minimize possible health risks associated with dioxins.  Most
                 of  these recommendations focus on avoiding or reducing
                 ingestion of materials that contain  dioxins.
TITTABAWASSEE RIVER FISH

In Michigan, legal responsibility for evaluating health
risks and issuing health advisories resides with the
MDPH. At this time, the MDPH has in place a fish
advisory warning against consumption of catfish and
carp taken from the Tittabawassee River. These fish
contain much higher levels of 2378-TCDD and other
organic chemicals than other fish. As  shown in the
risk assessment,  regular consumption  of  even
relatively small amounts of these fish over the  long
term may pose substantial risks of cancer.  Also,
long-term consumption or, in certain circumstances,
short-term  consumption of these fish may  pose
significant  risks  of  adverse impacts  other  than
cancer.  The current Michigan fish  consumption
advisory for catfish and carp is fully supported by
U.S. EPA studies.

The  risk  assessment  also  highlights  possibly
significant risks from consumption of game or sports
fish (e.g., walleye, northern pike, smallmouth bass,
and white  bass).  These risks  may be associated
with both short-term and long-term consumption.

The MDPH has been conducting a creel  survey to
better  define  fish  consumption  patterns  for
Tittabawassee River fishermen and  their families.
The MDPH also has  been actively participating in
ongoing discussions  with the  other  Great Lakes
states, the U.S.  EPA, and the Food and  Drug
Administration,  seeking a uniform basis for fish
consumption advisories.  The MDPH will consider
the risk assessment findings along with any new
data  on  fish  contaminant  levels   and   local
consumption  rates when  it  reviews the fish
consumption advisory for the Tittabawassee River.

Individuals who choose to consume any fish caught
in the Tittabawassee River should  clean  them  in
accordance with MDPH recommendations.  Fillets
should be  skinned, with all visible traces of surface
fat removed. All belly fat from the fillet should be
removed, as well as dark tissue along the lateral line
on each fillet.  Cooking methods which allow fats
and  juices to  drain from the  fish may  reduce
contaminant levels in the cooked fish.
CITY OF MIDLAND SURFACE
SOILS

The overall estimated cancer and non-cancer risks
from exposures to surface soils in Midland are not
considered to be significant except possibly for
children with pica. Parents of toddlers and children
with pica should  encourage their children to keep
dirt or soil out of their mouths.

Other commonsense measures such as thoroughly
washing  hands after exposure to outdoor soils;
washing  or peeling home-grown vegetables prior to
eating; and regular house-cleaning to remove dusts
are also encouraged.

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                 OPPORTUNITIES FOR PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT
PUBLIC INFORMATION
REPOSITORIES

For more information about U.S. EPA's
dioxin studies in the Midland area,
please consult the information contained
in repositories at the following locations.
Complete copies of the risk assessment
and proposed risk management reports
are available for review at:

Grace A. Dow Memorial Public Library
Emilia Parker
1710 West St. Andrews Drive
Midland, MI 48640
(517) 835-7157

Midland Health Department
Dr. Winifred Oyen, Director
125 West Main Street
Midland, MI 48640
(517) 832-6655

Ingersoll Township Hall
Kurt Shaffner, Supervisor
4400 Brooks Road
Midland, MI 48640
(517) 835-5289
             FOR ADDITIONAL
             INFORMATION

             Please contact:

             John Perrecone
             Community Relations Coordinator
             U.S. EPA Region 5
             230 South Dearborn Street
             Chicago, IL 60604
             (312) 886-6685
             1-800-621-8431 (TOLL FREE,
             8:30 a.m. - 4:30 p.m., Central Time)


             Gary Amendola
             U.S. EPA Project Manager
             Michigan Dioxin Studies
             U.S. EPA Eastern District Office
             25089 Center Ridge Road
             Westlake, OH 44145
             (216) 835-5200
PUBLIC MEETING

The U.S. EPA is holding a public
meeting to discuss the risk assessm
and risk management reports, and
accept comments on these studies.
U.S. EPA personnel will be availat
answer questions the public may hi
about dioxin, health risks, and othe
topics.

DATE:    April 28,1988
TIME:
PLACE:
         Northeast Intermedia!
         School, the Little Thei
         1305 E. Sugnet, Midla
         Michigan
PUBLIC COMMENT PERK

There will be a 30-day comment p<
to receive input from interested cit
about the risk assessment and proj
risk management actions. The cor
period will begin April 25,1988.
Comments must be postmarked bj
June 3,1988 and mailed to:

John Perrecone, 5PA-14
Office of Public Affairs
U.S. EPA Region 5
230 South Dearborn Street
Chicago, IL 60604
vxEPA
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Region 5
Office of Public Affairs
230 South Dearborn Street
Chicago, IL 60604

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