454F92001
March 1992
SEP A
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Air Quality Planning & Standards
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
Tools for
Estimating Air
Emissions of
Criteria and
Toxic Pollutants
This brochure is printed on recycled paper.
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Introduction
CHIEF BBS
This brochure provides an overview of the US Envi-
ronmental Protection Agency's (EPA) air toxics and
criteria emissions estimating tools. EPA develops air
emissions inventory tools to support many activities
including New Source Review, State Implementation
Plans (SIPs), SARA 313 reporting requirements, and
other emissions estimating and assessment activities
for both point and area sources. Most of these tools
are developed and maintained by the Emission Factor
and Methodologies Section, Emission Inventory
Branch (EIB), within EPA's Office of Air Quality
Planning and Standards (OAQPS). Other related sup-
port tools are also noted.
This pamphlet describes the intended use of each tool.
Users should select the tools which are best suited to
their projects and obtain the necessary reports or com-
puter data base. For general information on the tools,
contact:
Emission Factor and Methodologies Section
Emission Inventory Branch (MD-14)
US Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
Info Line: (919)541-5285
The emission estimating tools discussed in this bro-
chure should be used with discretion. Actual emis-
sions from individual sources may vary considerably
from values estimated using emission and speciation
factors. Source specific emission test data are gener-
ally preferred, when available. EIB welcomes any
emission data that would help improve the emissions
estimating tools presented in this brochure.
Ordering Tools
Single copies of some tools mentioned in this bro-
chure are available free to government agencies and
nonprofit organizations from:
US EPA Library (MD-35)
RTF, NC 27711
(919) 541-2777
or, for a fee, from:
National Technical Information
Service (NTIS)
5285 Port Royal Road
Springfield, VA 22161
(703) 487-4650
1-800-553-6847
Government Printing
Office (GPO)
Washington, DC
20402-9325
(202) 783-3238
For-profit organizations should order from NTIS or
GPO. Credit cards are accepted. Data bases and
some documents are also available for downloading
via CHIEF BBS (discussed below).
EPA's central clearinghouse for the latest information
on air emission inventories and emission factors, the
Clearinghouse for Inventories and Emission Factors
(CHIEF), provides bulletin board system (BBS) access
to several tools for estimating emissions of air pollut-
ants. You can access and download the following
from CHIEF: SPECIATE, XATEF, MOBILE4.1, the
Surface Impoundment Modeling System (SIMS),
CHIEF Newsletters, the AIRS Facility Subsystem
Emission Factors, E-mail, all of the AP-42 stationary
source volume, and the parts of AP-42 now undergo-
ing revision. To access CHIEF BBS, you need a per-
sonal computer, modem, and communication package
capable of communicating at 300, 1200, 2400, or
9600 baud. CHIEF BBS is accessed through the
OAQPS Technology Transfer Network (TTN) and is
open to all involved in air emissions estimation. A
CHIEF BBS brochure is available. For CHIEF regis-
tration information, contact the Info Line at (919)
541-5285. The CHIEF access numbers are: (919)
541-5742 (300, 1200, or 2400 baud)/(919) 541-1447
(9600 baud).
Air CHIEF CD
/The Air CHIEF CD, a compact disk-read only mem-
ory (CD-ROM) tool, contains reports and data bases
(e.g., AP-42, the Locating and Estimating series of
reports, XATEF, and SPECIATE). Air CHIEF is up-
dated annually and was last updated in March 1992.
The Air CHIEF CD allows for easy search and re-
trieval of emission estimation data by pollutant or
source description. It is distributed free on one com-
pact disk to government agencies and nonprofit or-
ganizations. Air CHIEF CD-ROM Version 1.0
User's Manual accompanies the CD and explains the
use of the CD system. The Air CHIEF CD will soon
be available from GPO. You need an IBM™ compat-
ible personal computer that runs MS-DOS™ version
3.0 or later, 640 KB free RAM, and a CD-ROM
drive. A brochure describing Air CHIEF CD and
containing a GPO order form is available. Air CHIEF
is available for $15.00, and the GPO order number is
S-N055-000-00398-0. Contact the Info Line at (919)
541-5285.
AP-42
AP-42, a two volume report, compiles criteria air
pollutant emission factors and process descriptions of
activities which produce emissions. AP-42 is used to
estimate air emissions of criteria pollutants. Volume I
and its Supplements present factors for most stationary
point and area sources. Volume II contains factors for
both on and off highway mobile sources. Emissions
data are obtained from source tests, material balance
studies, and engineering estimates. Volume I and its
Supplements are available from GPO, and Volume II
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is available from NTIS, but will be reissued soon by
the Office of Mobile Sources and will be stocked at
GPO and NTIS. Contact the Info Line at (919) 541-
5285.
XATEF
The Crosswalk/Air Toxic Emission Factor Data Base
Management System (XATEF) contains toxic air pol-
lutant/source crosswalk data and air toxic emission
factors. XATEF is updated annually and was last up-
dated in October 1991. The Crosswalk/Air Toxic
Emission Factor Data Base Management System
User's Manual, Version 1.2, EPA-450/4-91-028, ac-
companies the diskette and explains the use of the data
management software.
XATEF - Crosswalk
This tool identifies the types of toxic compounds that
may potentially be emitted from a source category.
The crosswalk indicates the potential for a pollut-
ant/source association (based on the literature, exist-
ing inventories, and other available data) and does not
include emission factors. The crosswalk, included in
XATEF, contains pollutant names, CAS numbers,
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes, and
emitting Source Classification Codes (SCCs). The
crosswalk data may be searched by pollutant, SIC
codes, and SCCs.
XATEF - Emission Factors
Emission factors that relate a source activity to the
quantity of a pollutant released to the atmosphere are
the most commonly used tool to estimate air emis-
sions. Emission factors for selected air toxics are
available in XATEF and are identified by pollutant
names, CAS numbers, process descriptions, SIC
codes, emission source descriptions, and SCCs. Also
included are brief descriptions of factor derivations,
notes on any control measures associated with emis-
sion factors, and references.
XATEF is distributed on one 5.25" high density
diskette, with the user's manual, free to government
agencies and nonprofit organizations. Other re-
Juestors must obtain XATEF via NTIS or download
•om the CHIEF BBS. Users will need an IBM™
compatible personal computer that runs MS-DOS™
version 3.0 or later, with a fixed disk with at least 20
MB of available storage, 640 KB free RAM, and a
high density 5.25" external disk drive. Contact the
Info Line at (919) 541-5285.
Locating and Estimating Emissions of...
EPA has a program to compile and publish emission
factors for various air toxics. To date, 24 reports
have been published, each with the generic title Locat-
ing Arid Estimating Air (Toxic) Emissions From (Or
Of) (Source Category Or Substance). These reports
identify the source categories for which emissions of a
substance have been characterized and the air toxics
emissions from specific source categories reports.
The reports include general process descriptions of the
emitting processes identifying potential release points
and emission factors. For copies of these reports,
contact the EPA Library or NTIS.
Substance or Source
Category
Acrykmiuile
Carbon Tetrnchloride
Chloroform
Bhylene Dichloride
Nickel
Chromium
Chromium
(supplement)
Manganese
Phosgene
Epichlorohydrin
Vinylidene Chloride
Bhylene Oxide
Chlorobenzenes
Polychlorinated
Biphenyls (PCBs)
Polycyclic Organic
Matter (POM)
Benzene
Organic Liquid
Storage Tanks
Coal and Oil
Combustion Sources
Municipal Waste
Combusten
Perchloroethylene and
Trichloroethylene
1,3-Butadiene
Sewage Sludge
Incinerators
Formaldehyde
(revised)
Styrene (interim)
Medical Waste
EPA Publication i
EPA-450/4-84-007a
EPA-450/4-84-007b
EPA4SQ«-S4-OQ7e
EPA-450/4-84-007d
EPA-4SO/4-84-OQ7f
EPA-450/4-84-007g
EPA-450/2-89-002
EPA-450/4-84-007h
EPA-450/4-84-0071
EPA-450/4-84-007J
EPA450/4-84-007k
EPA-450/4-84-0071
EPA-450/4-84-007m
EPA-450/4-«4-007a
EPA-450/4-84-007p
EPA-450«-84-007q
EPA-450/4-88-004
EPA-450/2-89-001
EPA-450/2-89-006
EPA-450/2-89-013
EPA-45072-89-021
EPA-450/2-90-009
EPA-450/4-91-012
EPA-450/4-91-029
In Draft On CHIEF
NTIS Order *
PB- 84-200609
P8-84-20062S
PB-84-200617
PB-84-239193
PB-84-210988
PB-85-106474
PB-90-103243
PB-86-1 17587
PB-86- 117595
PB-86-1 17603
PB-86-117611
PB-87-1 13973
PB-87-189841
PB-87-209540
PB-88- 149059
PB-88-196175
PB-89- 129019
PB-89- 194229
PB-89-19S226
PB-89-235501
PB-90-160003
PB-90-226614
PB-91-181242
PB-92-126788
Date
1984
1984
1984
1984
1984
1985
1989
1986
1986
1986
1986
1987
1987
1987
1988
1988
1988
1989
1989
1989
1989
1990
1991
1992
1992
Reports in production will address cyanides, methyl
chloroform, lead, dichloromethane, mercury, cad-
mium, MEK, MIK, MIBK, toluene, and xylenes, and
others are planned.
For additional information on the content of these re-
ports, contact the Info Line at (919) 541-5285. Please
refer to the specific compound or source category of
interest when inquiring.
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SPECIATE
Other Emission Estimation Tools
The VOC/PM Speciation Data Base Management
System (SPECIATE) is a clearinghouse for speciation
factors for both volatile organic compounds (VOC)
and paniculate matter (PM). Speciation factors are
used to derive emission estimates of air species from
factors or estimates of total VOC or PM. SPECIATE
presents speciation data by source category and by
SCC. The data base is updated annually and was last
updated in October 1991. The VOC/PM Speciation
Data System Documentation And User's Guide, Ver-
sion 1.4, EPA-450/4-91-027, accompanies the disk-
ette and explains the use of the data management
software.
SPECIATE - VOC
The VOC portion after the 1991 update contains 275
profiles representing 28 source categories. The pro-
files are listed by SCC and profile name. A simplified
VOC profile is presented below.
EXAMPLE VOC PROFILE
PROFILE NAME; Esters production - Acrylates - Ethyl Acrykte
SCC: 30113799
SAROAD
N'OMBER
43201
43302
43351
43438
99933
CAS
NUMBER
74-48-8
64-41-5
60-02-7
140-08-5
95-47-6
SPECIES
NAME
METHANE
ETHYL ALCOHOL
ETHYL ETHER
ETHYL ACRYLATE
QENATUKANT
SUM TOTAL
PERCENT.
WEIGHT
4,88
7.88
37.88
20.19
29.K
100.00
SPECIATE - PM
The PM portion after the 1991 update contains 343
profiles representing 20 source categories. The for-
mat for the PM profiles is similar to the VOC profile
tables except for the presentation of particle size dis-
tribution for each species.
SPECIATE is distributed on one 5.25" high density
diskette, with the user's manual, free to government
agencies and nonprofit organizations. Other re-
questors must obtain SPECIATE via NTIS or down-
load from the CHIEF BBS. Users will need an
IBM™ compatible personal computer that runs MS-
DOS™ version 3.0 or later, with a fixed disk with at
least 8 MB of available storage, 640 KB free RAM,
and a high density 5.25" external disk drive. Contact
the Info Line at (919) 541-5285.
Air Toxics Emissions From Motor Vehicles (EPA-AA-
TSS-PA-86-5). Contact Penny Carey, US EPA, Of-
fice of Mobile Sources, 2565 Plymouth Road, Ann
Arbor, MI, 48105, (313) 668-4355. NTIS # PB-88-
115001.
The Surface Impoundment Modeling System (SIMS)
is a personal computer software package for estimat-
ing air emissions from surface impoundments and
wastewater collection devices. Contact Mary Ann
Stewart at (919) 541-4340.
Procedures For Estimating And Allocating Area
Source Emissions Of Air Toxics - Working Draft.
Contact Dallas Safriet at (919) 541-5371.
Protocols For Generating Unit-specific Emission Esti-
mates For Equipment Leaks Of VOC And VHAP
(EPA- 450/3-88-010). Contact the EPA Library or
NTIS for copies. NTIS # PB-89-138689.
AIRS Facility Subsystem Source Classification Codes
(SCCs) And Emission Factor Listing For Criteria Pol-
lutants (EPA-450/4-90-003). Contact NTIS for cop-
ies. NTIS # PB-90-207242.
Gap Filling PM-10 Emission Factors For Selected
Open Area Draft Sources (EPA-450/4-88-003). Con-
tact NTIS for copies. NTIS # PB-88-196225.
PM-10 Emission Factor Listing Developed By Tech-
nology Transfer With AIRS Source Classification
Codes (EPA-450/4-89-022). Contact NTIS for cop-
ies. NTIS#PB-91-148411.
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