5257
                                                     800R76102
                       ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY






                           WATER PLANNING DIVISION






                          ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY FOR






                           WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT






                                THIRD EDITION






                                OCTOBER, 1976

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                      UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY



    SUBJECT:  Bibliography for  Water Quality Management              DATE:  28  C_'  iS7b
    FROM: x^Mark A.  Pisaffo,,  Director
          X  Water Planning Bjvision

    TO-.      All  Regional' Water Division Directors     Information Memorandum:   INFO- 25


             The  Bibliography is prepared by EPA to assist  those agencies  engaged  in
             water quality management planning.   This  third edition  has  been
             restructured for easier use by reducing the  number of headings.   As
             before,  references cited have been  selected  for their applicability to
             208  planning and for their availability.

             Each reference  is  followed by a short  abstract, and whenever  possible,
             by detailed price  and ordering information.   Instructions for using the
             Government Printing Office and the  National  Technical Information
             Service  are included on the last page.

>•           Questions, comments, or suggestions regarding  this edition  should be
;             addressed to the "208 Library", Program Management Branch,  Water
<-,           Planning Division  (WH-554), U.S.  EPA,  Washington,  D.C.   20460, telephone
::>           (202)755-6993.
v^
             cc:  All  Local  and State WQM Agencies
                 All  Intra-agency Staff Contacts
                 E.  Chris  Beck
                 Andrew W.  Breidenbach
                 Jim Meek
                 Bob Hardaker
                 Joe Krivak
        EPA Form 1320-6 (Rev. 6-72)

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                           TABLE OF CONTENTS


I.     Handouts:  General Information for the Public                         1

II.    Studies:  Non-technical Analyses of 208 Program Elements              3

III.   208 Planning Process:  Guidance/Regulations on Plan Preparation       6

IV.    Public Participation:  Guidance and Studies                           9

V.     208 Plan Implementation                                              12

VI.    Legal/Institutional Program Elements                                 13

VII.   Point Sources                                                        15

VIII.  Non-Point Management                                                 18

    A.  General
    B.  Residual Waste Management
    C.  Urban Stormwater Management
    D.  Agricultural Source Management
    E.  Silvacultural Source Management
    F.  Mining Source Management
    G.  Construction Source Management
    H.  Hydrographic Modification Management
    I.  Groundwater Pollution Management

IX.    Environmental Assessment                                             29

X.     Bibliographies                                                       32

XI.    List of Selected 208 Outputs                                         35

Instructions for Ordering Publications                                      36

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                                   -1-

I.  General Information for the Public - Handouts
First Things First;  A Strategy Against Water Pollution.   U.S.  EPA.
Wash.  D.C. Sept '74.  GPO (stock no. 551-507) or single copies avail-
able from U.S. EPA Office of Public Affairs (A-107) Wash. D.C.   20460.

     A 16 page booklet explaining the major elements of the strategy
     used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the States
     in their attack on water pollution, the problems faced and what
     is being done about them.  Suitable for public information.

Environmental Comment, January '76, available from the Urban Land
Institute, 1200 18th St. N.W., Washington, D.C.  20036, $.50.

     Contains eight articles offering varying perspectives on the Area-
     wide Waste Treatment Management Program, hanging from that of a
     Congressional staff member, to that of the local planner.   Provides
     an excellant introduction to the program, its goals and its methods.
     Suitable for public information.

Common Environmental Terms;  A Glossary, compiled by Gloria J.  Studdard,
U.S. EPA, Nov. 1974, available from EPA Office of Public Affairs, Wash.
D.C.  20460

     Glossary of common words and terms essential to the study, under-
     standing and solution of environmental problems.  23 pages,  250
     entries.

"Non-point pollution:  An EPA view of areawide water quality management,"
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, Mark Pisano,  May-June, 1976.
Available from:Water Quality Management Information Center, Wash.  D.C.
20460.

     Provides an introduction to the concept of non-point pollution  by
     describing its characteristics and discussing its importance rela-
     tive to point pollution.  Considers the mechanisms with which Sec-
     tion  208 will deal with non-point pollution.  Written in  lay terms.
     6 pages.


"Spend the next two minutes reading this leaflet and you won't  have  to
spend the next few years wondering what happened to raise your  taxes."
U.S. EPA.  November 1976, Available from EPA Office of Public Affairs.

     A brief, non-technical flyer aimed at motivating citizens  to take
     part in making decisions about how to clean up the water.   Emphasizes
     the effects 'which water clean-up might have on citizen life-styles,
     and the need for the public to get involved in the decision-making
     process to insure that all viewpoints are heard.

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                                  -2-
Sanitary Landfill Facts, Thomas Sarg and H.  Lanier  Hickman,  Jr.,  1970.
Wash. D.Cl20402, Available from GPO, Wash. D.C.   $1.00.  GPO 1714-00010

     Provides general information on the planning,  design, operation,
     and public health aspects of sanitary landfill.   Diagrams area,
     trench, and ramp methods.  30 pages.

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                                  -3-

II.  General Information Studies For The Public
Federalism and Clean Watersf The 1972 Water Pollution Control  Act.   Harvey
Lieber.D. C. Heath and Company.  1975^Available from Lexington Books/
125 Spring Street/Lexington, Massachusetts  02173.   $18.50.

     Uses the concept of federalism as a framework in which  to examine
     the Water Pollution Control Act and study its inter-governmental
     implications.  Examines the legislative background and  history of
     the Act.  Deals with implementation and draws conclusions con-
     cerning federal-state and executive-legislative relations.   Eval-
     uation of 5 state programs geared toward answering the  questions:
     Was the assumption of greater federal responsibility justified by
     state inaction, and will the new legislation achieve the  desired
     ends?  304 pages.

Towards Cleaner Water:  A Citizen's Guide To Action, The Conservation
Foundation, Fall, 1976.  Copies are available from The Conservation
Foundation/1717 Massachusetts Ave. N.W./ Washington, D.C.  20036.
$7.00, Bulk rates available.

     Examines the FWPCA through regulations, guidance, and court  deci-
     sions.   Focuses on the key points at which decisions are  made and
     provides guidance to citizen leaders on means of assuring the most
     environmentally sound implementation of this law.  Examines  legis-
     lative proposals that will affect implementation of the law.

Design with Nature.  Ian McHarg.  Garden City:  Natural History Press,
1969.  Published for the American Museum of Natural History.   The City,
NY  11530.  P.C. $8.50.

     Demonstrates by using concrete examples how man's new knowledge of
     ecology can be applied to actual environments, both natural  ones
     such as seashores, lakes, rivers, and swamps and those  that  man
     has created such as large cities.  Emphasis is placed on  the  con-
     cept of design with nature and showing how man can impose design
     but "use to the fullest, the potentialities and with them, neces-
     sarily, the restrictive conditions - that nature offers."

Urban Land Use Planning.  F. Stuart Chapin, Jr.  Urbana, Illinois:
University of Illinois Press, '65.  P.C.  $10.00.

     Focuses primarily on theory and methods with special attention given
     to the techniques required in making analysis of land use, in meas-
     uring trends, and in estimating present and future requirements for
     uses of land.  Aspects concerned with the legal basis of  planning,
     its legislative controls and its administrative organization are
     specifically excluded from detailed  treatment.

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Promoting Environmental Quality Through Urban Planning and  Controls.
Report No. 600/5-73-015.  U.S.  EPA.   Socioeconomic Environmental  Studies
Series, Feb '74.  NTIS PB-227-090/8.  $11.50.

     Focuses on the changing awareness and current practices  in promoting
     environmental quality through urban planning and controls in local
     and metropolitan planning  agencies.  Includes a review of planning
     practices in the 1960's related to environmental quality, and a de-
     tailed examination of numerous planning approaches and controls con-
     sidered to be promising for future environmental quality enhancement.

Stream Quality Preservation Through Planned Urban Development. U.S. EPA
Report No. EPA R5-73-019.  Socioeconomic Environmental Studies Series,
Wash. D.C.  May '73. GPO, $2.60.  NTIS PB 222-177.

     The effects of a land use  plan to restrict urban development in areas
     critical to the water resource system are identified through empirical
     studies. For example:  relationships are established between amount,
     density, type and location of urban development, on the  one  hand, and
     stream water quality and stream channel enlargement on the other.

The Quiet Revolution in Land Use Control.  U.S. Council on  Environmental
Quality.Fred Bosselman and David Callies.  Wash. D.C.  GPO, stock no.
4111-0006, $2.75.

     A report on the innovative land use laws of several States.   The
     report examines in detail  several different Statewide  regulatory
     systems, several systems where "critical areas" only are regulated
     and several systems focusing on key types of land development. The
     examinations are based primarily on a review of the key  statutes,
     regulations and decisions  and on interviews with administering
     officials and other groups.  Key issues that run through all systems
     are synthesized.

"Coordination of Environment and Development:  Three Case Studies from
Abroad."  Environmental Comment, March  '76, available from  the Urban Land
Institute, 1200 18th Street, N.W., Washington, D.C.  20036.  $.50/copy.

     Reports and analysis of the planning and implementation  methodologies
     used by regional planning  organizations in France, Germany,  and Aus-
     tralia.

Private Property and the Public Interest; The Brandywine Experience.  Anne
L. Strong, John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD.  21218,  1975,
$12.00

     Documentary case study analyzes why a water shed program failed  to
     receive public and political support; shows how accepted methods of
     participation were thwarted by a persistent interest group.   206
     pages, illustrated.

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                                  -5-

Ndtional Profile of Section 208 Areawide Management Planning Agencies.
U.S. EPA. July, 1975.  Available from EPA Regional  offices.

     A general compilation of information on 208  agencies  and  their
     activities including these topics:   agency profiles,  environmental
     aspects, land use aspects, management/institutional aspects, public
     participation, budget, timing and financial  problems, designation
     and grant application, coordination, and evaluation and guidance.
     69 pages.

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                                  -6-

III.  208 Planning Process:   Guidance/Regulations on  Plan  Preparation


Revised Grant Application and Work Plan Handbook for  Section  208  Areawide
Water Quality Management, U.S. EPA, December '75. Availiable  upon
request from EPA Regional Offices

     Provides details on the preparation of areawide  planning work-
     plans, and examples of workplan elements to assist locally desig-
     nated  planning agencies in preparing 208 workplans.   Divided  into
     three parts:  Grant Application Requirements, Outline of Workplan,
     and Refinement of Workplan.  53 pages.

Draft Guidelines for State and Areawide WQM Program Development,  U.S. EPA,
February '76, Available upon request from EPA Regional Offices.

     Intended to assist WQM planning agencies in carrying  out their water
     quality management responsibliities within designated and nondesig-
     nated areas.  It applies also to other agencies  - local, State, and
     Federal—that may be involved in the planning process for those areas
     or in the plan review procedures.

Guidelines for Areawide Waste Treatment Management, U.S. EPA, August '75,
Available upon request from the EPA Regional Offices

     Intended to assist 208 planning agencies in carrying  out their area-
     wide waste treatment management planning responsibilities within
     designated areas. It applies to other agencies - local,  State, and
     Federal — that may be involved in the planning  process for  those
     areas or in the plan review procedures.

Federal Register;

"Part 130 - Policies and Procedures for the State Continuing Planning Process",
Vol. 40 No. 230, November 28, 1975.

     These regulations describe the necessary elements of  a State's continuing
     planning process, and therefore provides policies and procedures  for
     review, revisions and approval of a State's continuing planning process.
     Also provided is a mechanism for satisfaction of the  Statewide respon-
     sibilities of other sections of the Act.

"Part 131 - Preparation of State Water Quality Management  Plans", Vol.  40
No. 230, November 28, 1975.

     These amended regulations describe the requirements for preparation of
     water quality management plans and the procedures governing plan
     adoption, submission, revision, and EPA approval.

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                                  -7-

Federal Reg ister (con't)

"Part 35 - Procedures for Providing Grants to State and Designated Areawide
Planning Agencies". Vol. 40 No. 230. November 28, 1975.

     These regulations concern the allocation of funds, requirements for
     a financially self-sustaining planning process, and establishment
     of a state management role in areawide planning.

          Federal Register, Vol. 40 No.  230, November  28, 1976 supercedes
          the following:

          "Policies and Procedures for the State Continuing Process".
          (40 CFR Part 130).  Federal Register,  Vol. 40, No. 137,  July
          16, 1975.

          "Preparation of State Water Quality Management Plans (Proposed
          Rules)".  40 CFR Part 131).  Federal Register, Vol.  40,  No.  137,
          July 16, 1975.

          "Preparation of Water Quality Management Plans".  (40 CFR Part 131)
          Federal Register, Vol. 39, No. 107, June 3,  1974.

State Continuing Planning Process Handbook.  U.S. EPA, December, 1975. Avail-
able from EPA Regional Offices.

     Assists in the states' revision of the Continuing Planning Process.  Pro-
     vides an explanation of the revised regulations,  summarizes the require-
     ments and gives an example of a hypothetical state submission for each
     of the sixteen parts of the CPP.  81 pages.

Revised Area and Agency Designation Handbook for Section 208 Areawide  Water
Quality Management Planning.  U.S. EPA,  November 1975.  Available  from
EPA Regional Offices.

     Discusses the procedure and criteria for designation of eligible  areas
     and agencies to conduct 208 areawide planning.  The factors it explicates
     include population, industrial activity, water quality factors, local
     government intent, and public participation.  30  pages.

Guidance for Facilities Planning.  U.S.  EPA,  Wash. D.C., May  1975. Avail-
able upon request from EPA Regional Offices.

     Assists 208 agencies in the preparation of  grant  applications and the
     refinement of work plans, and aids states in their review of  areawide
     grant applications.  Divided into three parts—grant application  require-
     ments, outline of work plan, and refinement of work plan. 53 pages.

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Cost Analysis Handbook for Section 208 Areawide Waste Treatment Management
Planning Federal Assistance Applications.  U.S. EPA, May 1975,   Available
from EPA Regional Offices.

     Describes the review process required to assess the grantee's systems
     for financial management and accounting, and his/her planned system
     for contracting for services, required in support of completing the
     planning grant.  51 pages.

Interim Output Evaluation Handbook for Section 208 Areawide Waste Treatment
Management Planning.  U.S. EPA,  Wash. D.C.,  1975,  Available upon request
fromEPA Regional Offices.

     Deals with interim outputs expected within the first 9 months of the
     two-year WQM areawide waste treatment management planning program,
     namely:  service area delineation, population and land use projections,
     flow and waste load projections, and waste load allocation revisions.

Simplified Mathematical Modeling of Water Quality, (with addendum). U.S.
EPA,"Wash. D.C.  March  '71.  Available from:   Program Assistance Branch,
(WH-554) U.S. EPA, Wash. D.C.  20460.

     A general, simplified methodology for the application of mathematical
     models to the analysis of water quality.  The parameters modeled
     include certain dissolved oxygen in streams and estuaries.  The
     modeling efforts have been incorporated into various tables, nomo-
     graphs and figures, and along with some technical data, may be used
     to estimate treatment levels to meet specific water quality standards.
Information regarding the applicability and availability of other specific
water quality models is available from:  Harry Torno, Office of Research
and Development   (RD 682) U.S. EPA  Wash. D.C.  20460.  202-426-0810.

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                                  -9-

IV.  Public Participation:  Guidance and Studies


Public Participation Handbook for Water Quality Management.   U.S.  EPA.
June 1976,Available from EPA Regional Offices.

     Explains the 1972 Water Pollution Control Act Amendments which per-
     tain to public participation, identifies phases of the  planning pro-
     cess, and discusses state level public participation.   Half of the  book-
     let is a "model program design" which details methods for obtaining
     citizen input. 77 pages.

Public Involvment in the Corps of Engineers Planning Process.   James R.
Hanchey.  U.S. Army Engineer Institute for Water Resources.   NTIS   AD
A017 946.

     The approach to public involvement program development  here assumes
     that planning should consist of sequential stages with definable
     decision points, and that explicit consideration of public view-
     points must be undertaken before decisions are made. Contains spe-
     cific "how to" information on obtaining citizen input,  disseminating
     information, budgeting for public involvement and evaluating  its
     effectiveness.  44 pages.

Citizen Involvement in OCPC 208 Planning - A Progress Report.   Old Colony
Planning Council, April 1976^Available from:OCPC, 232 Main Street/
Brockton, Mass.  02401 or the Water Quality Management Information Center.

     This detailed progress report discusses the OCPC public participation
     program to date.  Fifteen mechanisms used by OCPC to get the  public
     involved are explained including citizen committees, discussions
     with town/city officials, technical assistance to town  governments,
     involvement of local schools, visits to problem areas with local
     citizens and others.  Obstacles to 208 public participation,  signifi-
     cant local issues and areawide problems as well as staff response to
     them are analyzed.  Finally, the OCPC 208 public participation pro-
     gram is evaluated against its stated objectives.

Public Participation in Water Resources Planning;  An Evaluation of the
Programs of 15 Corps of Engineers Districts, James F. Ragan, U.S.  Army
Engineer Institute for Water Resources, Kingman Building, Fort Belvoir,
Virginia  22060 (NTIS AD A019 966).

     This report examines the public involvement programs of fifteen Army
     Corps of Engineers field offices.  First, the programs  are described,
     and two are used as detailed case studies.  The bulk of the report
     divides planning into five basic stages, gives guidance as to what
     could be done to involve the public at each stage, and  finally des-
     cribes what is being done by the Corps.  An interesting last  chapter
     describes the constraints on effective public participation both from
     the bureaucratic system, and from citizens themselves.

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                                 -10-


Analysis of New Techniques for Public Involvement in Water Planning.
Water Resources Bulletin, Vol. 11, No. 2 page 329.   April 1975^Back
issues available at $4.00 per copy from Dana Rhoads, American Water
Resources Association, St. Anthony Falls Hydraulic  Lab,  Mississippi
River at 3rd Ave. S.E., Minneapolis, Minnesota  55414.

     Several techniques that have potential for overcoming some  of
     the limitations of standard public involvement techniques have
     recently been developed.  This paper describes several of these
     new techniques and analyzes each of them in terms  of their  po-
     tential utility in water resources planning.

Citizen Participation Strategies, "Journal of the American Institute  of
Planners".  Edmund M. Burke.  Wash. D.C.  September 1968.  Reprints   of
journals are available from Kraus Thompson Organization Ltd., Route 100,
Millwood, N.Y.  10546, $3.75 per copy.  State month and year of  journal
desired.

     Suggests that many of the problems planners and others have had  in
     involving the public in decision making can be resolved by  recog-
     nizing and adopting a strategy of participation specifically designed
     to fit the role and resources of a particular  organization.  Five
     types of strategies are identified:  Education-therapy, behavioral
     change, staff supplement, cooperation, and community power.

Public Participation in Water Resources Planning.   University of Michigan,
Ann Arbor.  1971.  NTIS PB 204-245.

     Reviews public participation activities and procedures which have
     been utilized in connection with governmental  planning studies,  es-
     pecially water resources planning studies.  Discusses identification
     of public, function and objectives, mechanisms for securing involve-
     ment, and timing.  Also presents a model for a participatory planning
     process.

Selected Techniques for Soliciting Community Participation in Transportation
Planning"  Julie Hetrick Schermer.  New York, N.Y.  1974~i  Copies of this paper
available upon request from Mr. William Reed, Director  of Publications, Parson,
Brinckerhoff, Quade & Douglas, Inc.  1 Penn Plaza,  250  W. 34th St., New York,
NY  10001

     Five techniques for greater community participation recently employed  in
     major transportation planning projects are reviewed and assessed in this
     paper.  They are equally applicable to waste treatment management planning
     and include "citizen committees", "randomly selected participation groups",
     "open door policy", "direct funding to community groups", and "planning
     balance sheet".

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                                 -11-
"Identification of Publics in Wdter Resources Planning",  Journal  of
the Water Resources Planning and Management Division,  Gene E.  Willeke,
Vol. 102, #WRI, April 1976, pp. 137-150.

     This paper focuses on the identification of publics  throughout
     the water quality management process.  Some categories of publics
     are suggested, techniques for uncovering others are  described,
     and the importance of reaching all groups is stressed.

The Role of Citizen Advisory Groups in Water Resources Planning,  Pub-
lication No. 43.  Madge Ertel, Water Resources Research Center,  Uni-
versity of Massachusetts at Amherst, July 1974.   Available at  $3.00
per copy from Water Resources Research Center, Univ. of Mass., A211
Graduate Research Center, Amherst, Mass.  01002.

     Report is the result of case study observation of the citizen
     advisory groups operating in conjunction with three  planning
     studies.  Describes the ways in which these groups have dealt
     with problems and to generalize from their  experience for the
     benefit of other citizen adivsory groups and-planning agencies.
     Concludes with a set of practical "guidelines" derived from  this
     research, for the use of planning agencies seeking to maximize
     the effectiveness of citizen advisory groups.

Water Resources Decision Making on the Basis of  the Public Interest.
Report No. IWR Contract Report 75-1.U.S. Army Engineer  Institute
for Water Resources,  Fort Belvoir, Va.  Feb 1975.   NTIS, AD/A 010
402.  $4.25.

     The concept of water resources decision making in the public
     interest is both fundamental and elusive.  This report discusses
     alternative perspectives that have been suggested for defining
     the public interest and provides an overview of the  decision
     making involved in a typical water resources planning study.
     It then examines various approaches to determining the public
     interest in preauthorization planning and decision making.

Private Property and the Public Interest;  The Brandywine Experience,
     See Section II: Studies

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                                 -12-

V.  208 Plan Implementation


1971 Suggested State Legislation (1971);   1972 Suggested State Legislation
(1972); 1973 Suggested State Legislation (1973);  1974 Suggest State Legis-
lation (1974); 1975 Suggested State Legislation (1975);  1976 Suggested
State Legislation (1976); T977 Suggested State"Leg£s'ratxo'n~( 1977).   Council
of State Governments.Available from Council of  State Governments, Order
Department/Iron Works Parkway/Lexington,  Kentucky  40511.  $5.00 for each
volume until 1975, $6.50 thereafter.

     Includes suggested legislation that would be relevant for implementing
     208 plans.

Financial Arrangements Handbook for Water Quality Management, (forthcoming)
U.S. EPA.For Information on availability write  to Water Quality Management
Information Center.

     The handbook discusses financial issues in Section 208 planning and
     implementation, and suggests alternative approaches for dealing with
     these issues.  The handbook contains chapters on inventory of  financial
     conditions, structure and evaluation of alternatives, and developing
     a program for plan implementation.

Evaluation of the Cost - Effectiveness of Nonstructural Pollution Controls;
A Manual for Water Quality Management Planning,CONSAD Research Corp.,
Pittsburg, PA15206,April 30, 1976.  Limited quantity available  from
U.S. EPA/Water Quality Management Information Center.  NTIS No. not assigned
as yet.  70 pages.

     Develops and illustrates a procedure for estimating the cost of non-
     structural pollution controls for use in evaluating the cost - effec-
     tiveness of implementing such controls.  The procedure provides con-
     sistency in the evaluation of structural and nonstructural pollution
     controls, and permits systematic comparison  of the control applications.

Management Agencies Handbook for Section 208 Areawide Waste Treatment Manage-
ment, U.S. EPA, September 1975.Available from EPA Regional Offices.

     Provides examples of possible water quality management programs that
     might apply in hypothetical areas.  The examples are intended  to show
     the way the management structure can carry out a 208 management pro-
     gram.  37 pages.

Alternative Growth Management Techniques - Draft,  Prepared for New Castle
County, Delaware.Available from EPA Regional Offices.

     Records case studies of areas in which the provision of services is
     used as a growth management technique.  Includes programs and policies
     which have been tailored to support officially adopted growth management
     objectives.

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                                 -13-

VI.  Legal/Institutional Program Elements

Program Guidance Memorandum AM-1.   U.S.  EPA, Water Planning Division.
Wash. D.C.  March 1975.  Available upon request from EPA Regional Offices,

     Transmits policy statement issued March 11, 1975 by the Assistant
     for Water and Hazardous Materials on the subject of the relation-
     ship between 201 facilities planning and 208 areawide planning.

"Agreement for Implementation of Section 304(j) of the Federal Water
Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972".  Federal Register, Vol.  38
No. 225, Nov 25, 1973.

     Agreement between EPA and Departments of Interior, Agriculture
     and Army on setting up 208 advisory committees with representation
     of signatory agencies.

"Joint Agreement for Interagency Coordination of Areawide Waste Treat-
ment Management Planning Assistance to State and Local Governments
between EPA and the Department of the Army".  Federal Register.  Vol.
40 No. 11, Jan. 16, 1975.

     Agreement between EPA and Department of the Army which established
     coordination between the Corps of Engineers Urban Studies Program
     and 208 Program.

Federal Programs Impacting Regional Water Quality Management - Draft.
Prepared for the Miami Regional Planning Commission^January 1976.
Available from EPA Regional Offices.

     The following information is listed for 20 federal programs
     which impact water quality management:  program title, authority,
     objectives, extent of participation, eligibility requirements,
     funding status, and relation to areawide planning and management.

A Manual of Laws, Regulations, and Institutions for Control of Ground
Water Pollution.  Report No. EPA 440/9-76-006, U.S. EPA, June 1976, ~~
Available from Water Quality Management Information Center.

     Extensive non-technical look at ground water resources and their
     sources of pollution.  Discusses existing regulatory activity,
     suggests starting points for state statutes, presents guidelines
     for the development of regulations and their manpower requirements.

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                                 -14-

Compilation of Federal, State and Local Laws Controlling Nonpoint Pol-
lutants:  An Analysis of the Law Affecting Agriculture, Construction,
Mining and Silviculture Activity.U.S. EPA  Wash. D.C.  20460,  Sept, 1975
EPA 440/9-75-01JTAvailable from EPA Regional Offices.

     Investigates legal means of controlling water pollution from non-
     point sources in agriculture, silvaculture, construction and mining.
     Analyzes selected legislation at the Federal, State, and local levels,
     through existing statutory practices and procedures.

Problems and Approaches to Areawide Water Quality Management,
     See Section VII:Point Sources

WPCF Manual of Practice No. 3, Regulation of Sewer Use,
     See Section VII:Point Sources

A Manual of Laws, Regulations, and Institutions for Control of Ground
Water Pollution,
     See Section VI:  Legal/Institutional Program Elements

Residual Waste;  Model State Legislation
     See Section VIII B:Residual Waste Management

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                                 -15-

VII.  Point Sources


Draft - Pretreatment Guidance Manual for State and Areawide (208)
Water Quality Management Planning Agencies.  Vol 1., US EPA, April
1976,EPA Water Planning Division, Wash. DC.  Limited quantity
available from Water Quality Management Information Center.

     Comprehensive working review and analysis of pretreatment issue,
     from Federal, State, and local viewpoint.  Description of manage-
     ment elements, surveys, monitoring programs, sewer use ordinances,
     enforcement mechanisms, legal and financial considerations.   Tech-
     nical review of pollutants which can interfere with or pass  through
     treatment plants.  Case studies of actual pretreatment programs.

Federal Guidelines, Pretreatment of Pollutants Introduced in Publicly
Owned Treatment Works.  US EPA.  Wash. DC, Oct 1973.  Available upon
request from EPA Regional Offices.

     Guidelines established to assist municipalities, States, and
     Federal agencies in developing requirements for the pretreatment
     of wastewaters which are discharged to publicly owned treatment
     works.  Also explains relationship between pretreatment and  ef-
     fluent limitations for publicly owned treatment works.

Improved Procedures for Municipal Regulation of Industrial Discharges
to Public Sewers'  (forth coming).  No report no. assigned.  Draft
available from U.S. EPA, Water Quality Management Information Center,
(WH/554), Wash. DC  20460

     Reviews the current status of local government control of indust-
     rial wastes discharged into publicly owned treatment works and
     finds them ineffective as a means of controlling large scale
     industrial activities.  The report suggests an effective and eco-
     nomical regulatory scheme for complying with the federal pretreat-
     ment and effluent standards and the requirements imposed on  feder-
     ally-financed treatment works.  The approach involves a contractual
     agreement between an industry and a public entity for. treatment
     of the industry's wastewater.

Design Criteria for Mechanical, Electric, Fluid Systems and Component
Reliability"!  DTs. EPA. Wash. DC  NTIS PB-227-558/4.

     Amplifies and supplements the Federal guidelines for Design,
     Operation, and Maintenance of Wastewater Treatment Facilities
     with regard to establishing minimum standards of reliability
     for mechanical, electric and fluid systems and components.
     Stresses component backup to attain system reliability.

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                                 -16-

Effluent Guidelines and Development Documents.   U.S.  EPA.  Wash.  DC
Available from Ms. Frances Dessele, Effluent Guidelenes Division (WH/552)
U.S. EPA/Wash. DC  20460

     The Effluent Guidelines Division of the Office of Water  and Hazardous
     Materials, EPA, has published effluent limitation guidelines for
     existing industrial sources and standards  of performance and pre-
     treatment standards for new industrial sources-.   Effluent  limit-
     ation guidelines and standards have been published for each of  a
     number of different industrial categories.  In addition, for each
     industrial category, developemnt documents have  been  published  which
     contain supportive data and rationales for the development of the
     applicable effluent limitation guideline and performance standard.
     While all of the effluent limitation guidelines  and development
     documents are too numerous to be referenced here, information per-
     taining to specific industrial categories  can be obtained  from
     Ms. Frances Desselle.

Federal Guidelines, Operation and Maintenance of Wastewater Treatment
Facililities.U.S. EPA.Wash. DC, Aug 1974,Available upon request
from EPA Regional Offices.

     These guidelines are intended to assist in assuring that all
     aspects related to wastewater treatment plant operation  and
     maintenance are appropriately considered by those responsible
     for complying with grant requirements, specific  effluent permit
     criteria, and related water quality standards.  They  provide
     information on the key elements that should be included  in any
     plan of operation for a wastewater treatment facility.   Source
     documents offering more detailed information are referenced
     throughout.

Guidance for Sewer System Evaluation.  U.S. EPA  Wash. DC   1974,
Available upon request from EPA Regional Offices.

     Intended to provide engineers, municipalities, regulatory
     agencies with guidance on sewer system evaluation to  determine
     presence of excessive infiltration/inflow.  Includes  discussion
     of physical surveys, rainfall simulation,  preparatory cleaning,
     internal inspection and survey reports.

Waste Load Allocations in River Basin Plans.   Available only from State
agencies concerned with Sec. 303 (Water Pollution Control  Board).

     River basin plans required under Section 303 of  the Act  contain
     waste load allocations for segments of streams designated  water
     quality limited.  These allocations would, of course, be useful
     in defining industrial treatment levels.

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                                 -17-

Cost-Effective Analysis of Municipal Wastewater Reuse.   U.S.  EPA,
Wash. DC.April 76,Available from U.S.  EPA/Water Quality Managment
Information Center.  No EPA or NTIS number assigned yet.

     A description of procedures to assist local governmental agencies
     in properly assessing the cost-effectiveness of alternative waste-
     water reuse systems.  Contains two case studies and a complete
     bibliography of current information regarding the  economics and
     practice of wastewater reuse.

Problems and Approaches to Areawide Water  Quality Management.   Vol.  I-IV
U.S. EPA.  School of Public and Environmental AffalFs,  Indiana University,
Wash. D.C.  1973.  NTIS PB-239-808.  $25.00.

     This report deals with the issues of the adequate  authority of
     designated waste treatment management agencies to  perform as
     required by Section 208(c) (2) and related sections of the Act.
     "Adequate authority" includes both the legal authority and the
     management capability of the agencies.  The report is based on
     a legal analysis of the laws of the fifty states and of  federal
     legislation, and on a survey of existing waste treatment manage-
     ment agencies.  The study consists of a main report, an  executive
     summary, and two separately bound appendices:  Appendix  A-Suggested
     Representative or Model legislation,  Appendix B-State Reports.

WPCF Manual of Practice No. 3  Regulation of Sewer Use.  Water Pollution
Control Federation.Wash. DC  1968.  Available from Water Pollution
Control Federation, 3900 Wisconsin Avenue, Wash. DC  20016, price $2.00

     The manual presents the case for legally constituted guidelines
     to regulate the use of public sewer systems.  It does so through
     presentation of a model sewer use ordinance and detailed discus-
     sion of its component parts.

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                                 -18-

VIII.  Non-Point Sources Management


NONPOINT SOURCES MANAGEMENT GENERAL

Methods for Identifying and Evaluating the Nature and  Extent  of
Nonpoint Sources of Pollutants, Report No. EPA 430-9-73-014.   U.S.
EPA.  Wash. DC  1973.  GPO, $2.45.

     This report issued under Section 304(e)  provides  general
     information on the identification and assessment  of nonpoint
     sources.  Particular attention is paid to agriculture, silvi-
     culture, mining, and construction.

Report on State Sediment Control Institutes Program, Report No.
EPA 440/9-75-001.  U.S. EPA.  Wash. DCHApril 1975.   GPO Stock  No.
582-421-246.

     This report reviews the results of 40 State sediment control
     institutes sponsored by EPA, through a grant to the National
     Association of Conservation Districts.  The status of laws
     in the states is covered and a model State law for sediment
     control is included.

LoadingFunctions for Assessment of Water Pollution From Nonpoint
Sources.U.S. EPA, Ofc. of Air, Land, and Water Use.   Wash.  DC
20460,  EPA 600/2-76-151.  May 1976.

     Analyzes the development of nonpoint pollution loading functions
     for significant sources and pollutants:  Presents loading functions
     together with methodologies for their use, provides data, refer-
     ences to other data, and suggests approaches for  generations of
     data when available data is inadequate.  445 page volume.

Design of Cost-Effective Water Quality Surveillance Systems,  Report
No. EPA 600/5-74-004.U.S. EPA.Wash. DC  Jan 1974.GPOT $4.50.

     Presents the development and successful demonstration of quan-
     titative methods for the design of river basin water quality
     surveillance systems for pollution abatement. The methods
     provide a systematic approach to the consideration of expected
     stream conditions, system characteristics, equipment performance,
     and cost in the selection of a preferred system design  from
     among a number of candidates.  Methods are computerized and
     programs are detailed in the report.

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                                 -19-

RESIDUAL WASTE MANAGEMENT

Development of Residuals Management Strategies.   Wash. DC Available
from U.S. EPA, Water Planning Division.   (WH/554),  Wash.  DC   20460.
NTIS PB 251011/AS.  Paper Copy $4.00, Microfiche $2.25.

     Study of the development of strategies for  managing  residuals.
     Contains step by step guidelines for identifying alternate  re-
     siduals management strategies and then evaluating and selecting
     a strategy.  Presents a residuals generation and discharge  model
     which identifies different methods for complying with recent
     federal legislation that requires a specified  level  of environ-
     mental quality and identifies many points in the residuals
     generation and discharge process at which physical methods  can
     be introduced or changes made, to reduce or alleviate the effect
     of discharging residuals into the environment.

Evaluation of Land Application Systems,  Technical Bulletin, EPA  Report
No. EPA 520/9-75-001.  U.S. EPA.  Wash.  DC, March 1975.

     Procedures are set forth to assist EPA personnel in  evaluating
     treatment systems that employ land application of municipal
     wastewater,  In addition information is provided which may  be of
     value to State, local and other Federal agencies.  Consists of
     an Evaluation Checklist, parallel background information and is
     divided into three major parts dealing with:   (1)  facilities
     plans, (2)  design plans and specifications, and  (3) operation
     and maintenance manuals.

Municipal Sewage Treatment;  A Comparison of Alternatives.  Council on
Environmental Quality and U.S. EPA.  Wash. DC.  February  1974.   GPO.

     Provides a single document which can be utilized on  a comparative
     basis, to develop preliminary selections of appropriate  wastewater
     treatment schemes for a municipality.  The  format of the text
     allows the reader to compare various treatment strategies on an
     energy, environmental or economic basis and to develop cost figures
     which may better reflect a particular local situation.

Process Design Manual for Sludge Treatment and Disposal,  Report  No.
EPA 625-41-74-006.  U.S. EPA.  Wash. DC.  October 1974.   Available
upon request from U.S. EPA Office of Technology  Transfer, CM#2 Rm 1014,
RD 677.  Wash. DC  20460.

     Presents a contemporary review of sludge processsing technology
     and the specific procedures to be considered,  modified,  and applied
     to meet unique conditions.  Emphasizes operational considerations
     and interrelationships of the various sludge treatment processes
     to be considered before selecting the optimum  design. Also
     presents case histories of existing wastewater treatment plants
     to illustrate the various unit processes and results.

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                                 -20-

Wastewater Treatment and Reuse By Land Applicability,  Vol.  I,  Report No.
EPA 660/2-73-006a.  Vol. II 660/2-73-006b.   U.S.  EPA.   Wash. DC."  August
1973.  GPO Vol. 1 - $1.10, Vol. II - $2.40.

     Report of a nationwide study of current knowledge and  techniques
     of land application of municipal treatment plant  effluents and
     industrial wastewaters.  Information and data were gathered on
     the many factors involved in system design and operation  for  the
     three major land application approaches:  irrigation,  overland flow,
     and infiltration-percolation.  In addition,  evaluations were  made
     of environmental effects, public health considerations, and costs—
     areas in which limited data are available.

Residual Waste Best Management Practices;  A Water Planner's Guide
to Land Disposal.  Report No. RFP NO WA-76-R045.   Available from
Water Quality Management Information Center.  Wash. DC  20460.

     This document describes residual wastes from nine most frequently
     encountered sources and relates management of these wastes to ex-
     haustive enumeration of BMP's.  This provides the potential users-
     planners, engineers, lawyers, elected officials and others, with
     a reference for carrying out their residual waste management  re-
     sponsibilities under areawide or State water duality management
     planning programs and other regional/local activities.

Sludge Processing, Transportation and Disposal/Resource .Recovery;   A
Planning Perspective.  Report No. EPA 440/9-76-022.  U.S. EPA, Dec.
1975.  Available "from Water Quality Management Information  Center
NTJS PB 251013/AS.

     Reports on the methodology for use by planners in the  evaluation
     of alternatives for the ultimate disposal of residual  wastes  gen-
     erated by municipal wastewater treatment plants.   The  methodology
     considers technical, economic, social, and institutional  factors
     pertinent to a thorough review of alternatives.

     An application of this methodology is presented in Demonstration
     of a Planning Perspective for Waste Water Sludge  Disposition,
     Ohio/Kentucky,1ndiana   fEPA 440/9-76-001-B, NTIS PB 250684/AS
     $7.50) and Demonstration of a Planning Perspective for Waste
     Water Sludge Disposition - Knoxville/Knox County (EPA 440/9-76-001-A
     NTIS PB 250936/AS $7.50)

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                                 -21-

Suggested Residual Waste State Legislation (Forthcoming)  U.S.  EPA
Wash. D.C.  Will be available from EPA Regional Offices

     Addresses the legal/legislative/institutional consideration of
     residuals management.  Deals with laws that control the disposal
     of waste and that encourage resource conservation and treats all
     of the common aspects of regulation, such as permits, inspections,
     and variances.  Also deals with a variety of special considera-
     tions which impact upon the effectiveness of comprehensive area-
     wide planning.

Resource Recovery Information for Municipal Officials, 2 Vols.  Report
No. EPA 440/9-76-018.  Vol. I-Feb 1976, Vol. II-Aug 1976.  NTIS No.
forthcoming.  Available from Water Quality Managment Information Center,
Wash. DC  20460.

    Presents an overview of administrative, institutional, and  tech-
    nical solutions for recovering useful elements such as aluminum,
    paper, and energy from municipal solid wastes.  Vol. I, Section A
    is concerned with central processing facilities—it deals with
    policy issues, financing, procurement, contracts, and includes a
    nationwide survey of resource recovery activities.  Section B
    of Volume I provides a cursory review of source separation.  Vol.
    II is a continuation of Section A, dealing with market and  pro-
    ducts, accounting format, and technologies.

Implementing A BMP for Residuals^The Waste Exchange,  Report No. EPA
440/9-76-019.Alan K. Vitberg and Christopher H. Porter.  June 1976,
Available from EPA Regional Offices.

     This document characterizes waste exchange systems which will help
     local jurisdictions and industry to deal with industrial wastes
     and residuals through resource conservation and utilization.  It
     is intended to demonstrate a residuals BMP's; namely, that one
     industry's waste has the potential to be another industry's feed-
     stock.

Land Application of Sewage Effluents and Sludges;  Selected Abstracts.
    See Section X:  Bibliographies

Residual Waste Management Research and Planning Projects.
    See Section X:  Bibliographies

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                                 -22-

URBAN 5TORMWATER MANAGEMENT PROGRAM

Comparatiye^Analysis of Urban Stormwater Models.   U.S.  EPA.   Nov 1974.
Available upon request from U.S. EPA, Planning Assistance and Policy
Branch (WH/554), Wash. DC  20460

    Eighteen mathematical models for the nonsteady simulation of
    runoff in urban storm and combined sewerage systems were
    reviewed in a study sponsored by EPA.  Most of the  models
    evaluated include the nonsteady simulation of the rainfall
    runoff process and flow routing in sewers.  A few also include
    the simulation of wastewater quality, options for dimensioning
    sewerage system components, and features for realtime control
    of overflows during rainstorms.

Contributors of Urban Roadway Usage to Water Pollution, Report No.
EPA 600/2-75-004.  U.S. EPA.  Wash. DC.  March 1975^NTIS'PB 245-
854/5BE.  P.C. $10.00, M.F. $2.25.

    Study of contributions of motor vehicle usage to  urban roadway
    loading factors.  Specific roadway study sites within the non-
    industrial Washington, D.C. area were selected so as to provide
    minimal interference from non-traffic related land  use activities
    and thus isolate, as much as possible, the traffic  related
    depositions.

Practice in Detention of Stormwater Runoff.  Herbert  G. Poertner,
American Public Works Association, 1974.  NTIS PB-234-554.

    On-site detention of runoff was investigated as an  alternative
    to other methods of urban Stormwater runoff management.  It was
    found that this method, which involves collecting excess runoff
    before it enters the main drainage system, can often be applied
    as an effective and economical means of reducing  peak runoff,
    slow rates to lessen or eliminate problems of flooding, pollution,
    soil erosion, and siltation.

Urban Stormwater Management Research and Planning Projects for FY 1975
and FY 1976, Information Package.  U.S. EPA.  Wash. DC.  March 1975
Available upon request from U.S. EPA, Program Assistance Branch (WH/554)
Wash. DC  20460.

    Information contained in this reprot is concerned with urban
    Stormwater management.  Well over one hundred projects were
    reviewed and those selected to be included within this report
    were chosen because of their contribution to the  planning process
    for urban Stormwater management.  Five areas within the planning
    process are  identified and projects are categorized appropriately.
    Also includes a list of bibliographies where information on pro-
    jects done prior to FY 75  is available.

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                                 -23-

Urban Stormwater Management and Technology:   An Assessment^ Report No.
EPA 670/2-74-040.U.S. EPA.National Environmental Research Center,
Cincinnati, 1974.  GPO, NTIS PB 240-687/AS  $11.50.

    The results of a comprehensive investigation and assessment of
    promising, completed and ongoing urban stormwater projects which
    are representatives of the state-of-the-art in abatement theory and
    technology.  Presented in a textbook format, provides a compendium
    of project information on management and technology alternatives
    within a project framework of problem identification, evaluation
    procedures and program assessment and selection.

Water Quality Management Planning for Urban Runoff.   Report No.
EPA 440/9-75-004.DTs. EPA,  Wash7~DC^December 1974.  NTIS
PB 241-689/AS.  $7.50.

    Provides technical assistance to state and local water quality
    management planners to enable them to quantify within reasonable
    limits the urban non-point water pollution problem in a local
    planning area without extensive data generation, and to make a
    preliminary evaluation of cost-effective abatement and control
    practices.  Prescribes procedures for several levels of input,
    each requiring more self-generated data, with increasingly
    sophisticated results.

Water Resources Protection Measures in Land Development;   A Handbook
U.S. Dept. of Interior, Office of Water Resources.  Wash. DC, 1974.
NTIS PB 236-049.

    Description of measures that can become an integrated part of
    urban development to lessen problems that would  otherwise ad-
    versely affect water resources.  Measures are presented in groups
    and related directly to the problems of runoff,  erosion, sedi-
    mentation, flooding, runoff pollution and increased sewage ef-
    fluent discharge.  Each group is preceded by a flow chart that
    relates individual measures to each other and can aid in the
    selection of alternative techniques that follow  a logical
    sequence.

Stormwater Quality Summary - Preliminary Draft.  Prepared for New
Castle County, Delaware.  November, 1975.  Available from EPA
Regional Offices.

    The first of the two reports contained here- the "stormwater
    quality summary"- identifies five sources of urban stormwater
    pollution and characterizes them in simple, non-technical terms.
    43 pages.  The second report concerns techniques for  stormwater
    management- measures for abatement, control, and treatment are
    presented.  109 pages.

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                                 -24-

EPA Publications on Urban Stormwater Runoff;   Ordering  Information.
    See Section X:  Bibliograohies

AGRICULTURAL SOURCE MANAGEMENT

Evaluation of Salinity Created by Irrigation  Return  Flows,  Report No.
EPA 430/9::"74-006.  U.S. EPA.  Wash.  DC, 1974.  GPO,  $1.65.

    Report provides general descriotions of the problems, major prob-
    lems areas, and remedial and control measures.

Methods and Practices for Controlling Water Pollution from  Agricultural
Nonpoint SourcesT  Report No". EPA 430"/9-73-015^  OTsT'EPA7~ Wash. "DC,
1973.  GPO, $1.10.

    Issued under Section 304(e), report provides general description
    of various measures that may be used to control  agricultural run-
    off.  It is strongly directed at erosion  and sediment control,  but
    nutrients, pesticides, and animal wastes  are covered.

Research Status cm Effectsi of Land Application of Animal Wastes, Report
No. EPA 660/2-75-010."  U.S. EPA.  Wash. DC.  OTIS PB 243- 472/8BE.
P.C. $5.25, M.F. $2.25.

    Report primarily reviews research results.  However, in one chapter,
    it outlines a procedure for estimation of the effects of  animal
    wastes on crop utilization nutrients.

Study of Current and Proposed Practices in Animal Waste Management,
Report No. EPA 430/9-74-003.U.S. EPA.Wash. DC, Jan 1974.GP07
$4.70.

    Report briefly discusses various methods  of disposal and/or uti-
    lization of animal wastes.  The report contains  362 pages of anno-
    tated bibliography.

SILVICULTURAL SOURCE MANAGEMENT

Silvicultural Chemicals and Protection of Water Quality - Draft,   U.S.
EPA Region >T!Anticipated date of availability: January 1977 at EPA
Regional Offices.

    Describes present practices and guides in the development of manage-
    ment practices on the minimization or prevention of nonpoint source
    pollution.  Describes the scope of chemical usage,  the  effects of
    these practices and their alternatives, offers  a summary  of guide-
    lines for use of chemicals in forests.  Reviews  the toxicological
    properties of major forestry chemicals.  Glossary of technical terms
    included.  209 pages.

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                                 -25-

Forest Harvest Residue Treatmemt, Reforestation & Protection of Water
Quality, EPA Report No. 910/9-76-020, U.S. EPA Region X, Seattle,  Wash.
April 1973.  Available from Water Quality Managment Information Center,
Wash. DC and EPA Region X/1200 Sixth Avenue, Seattle, Wash.  98101.

    Summarizes research, currently applied prediction, prevention and
    control techniques, and criteria for the prevention or minimization
    of water pollution from forest practices, especially those which
    effect sediment, soil nutrient and water temperatures.

Logging Roads and Protection of Water Quality, Report No,. EPA 910/9-75
GOT.U.S. EPA.Seattle, Washington, March 1975.  NTIS PB 243 703/6BE,
P.C. $9.25, M.F. $2.25.

    This report issued under Section 304(e), provides general information
    on the nature of silviculture pollution control problems and on  con-
    trol methods.  General predictive techniques and criteria for  manage-
    ment programs are included.

Processes, Procedures, and Methods to Control Pollution Resulting  from
Silvicultural Activities, EPA report No. 430/0-73-010, U.S. EPA.  October
1973.Available from Water Quality Management Information Center.

     Discusses basic silvicultural practices in the United States, the
     nature and control of silvicultural pollution, the control of non-
     point sources, predictive methodology for non-point source pollution
     control, and criteria for pollution control management systems.
     91 pages.

MINING SOURCE MANAGEMENT

Processes, Procedures and Methods to Control Pollution from Mining Acti-
vities, Report No. EPA 430/9-73-011. U.S. EPA. Wash. DC 1973. GPO, $3.40.

    Report provides general information on controls for surface and
    underground mines, and treatment methods.  Some cost information
    is included.

Inactive & Abandoned Underground Mines;  Water Pollution Prevention
and Control, June 1975, EPA Report No. 440/9-75-007.Available from
Water Quality Management Center.

    Provides information on the chemistry and geographic extent of
    mine drainage pollution in the U.S. from inactive and abandoned
    underground mines; underground mining methods and the character-
    ization of mine drainage control techniques.

Criteria for Developing Pollution Abatement Programs for Inactive
and Abandoned Mine Sites.EPA No. 440/9-75-008. U.S. EPA, Office
of Water and Hazardous Materials, August 1975. Available from Water
Quality Management Information Center,  Wash. DC  20460.

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                                 -26-
    Gives guidance to states conducting or anticipating  the establish-
    ment of abandoned mine land pollution abatement ordinances,  and
    reclamation programs.  Gives organizational,  financial and legal
    considerations for the program, and technical and background
    approaches to reclamation programs.

A Guide to State Programs for the Reclamation of  Surface Mined Areas,
Edgar A. Imhoff, Thomas 0. Friz, and James R. La  Fevers. U.S. Dept.
of the Interior, Geological Survey.  Free on application to Branch of
Distribution/US Geological Survey/ 1200 South Eads St./  Arlington, Va
22202.

    A primer on surface mining activities and related reclamation
    practices and problems.  Contains a table designed for the notation
    and elaboration of information pertaining to  the mined area  reclam-
    ation programs and a listing of non-Federal governmental  controls
    applicable to reclamation.

Land Utilization and Reclamation in the Mining Industry, 1930-71, James
Paone, John L. Morning, and Leo "GlorgettiT  U.S.  Dept. of the Interior,
Bureau of Mines.  GPO Stock No. 2404-01601.  $1.50.

    After reporting briefly on the characteristics of surface mining, the
    Bureau's land utilization survey records information on land used and
    reclaimed from each mine and mill in operation in 1971.   Information
    is recorded on a state-wide basis.  61 pages.

CONSTRUCTION SOURCE MANAGEMENT

Comparative Costs of Erosion and Sediment Control, Construction  Activities,
Report No. EPA 430/973-016.  U.S. EPA. Wash. DC  1973.  GPO,T2720T

    Cost information on erosion and sediment control measures has been
    assembled in this report, evaluated, and documented  for more than
    24 methods in current and widespread use in the United  States.

Control of Erosion and Sediment Deposition from Construction  of  Highways
and Land Development.  U.S. EPA.  Wash.  DC  September 1971,  GPO,"$.60.

    Discusses the causes and effects of excess sediment  runoff,  measures
    for control, costs, and administration.

Methods of Quickly Vegetating Soils of Low Productivity, Construction
Activities, Report No. EPA 440/9-75-008.U.S. EPA.Wash.  DCJuly 1975
GPO, Stock No. 210-810/11 1-3.

    Document prepared for use by planners, engineers, and resource man-
    agers who need to provide for the rapid establishment of  a protective
    vegetative cover on construction sites bare soils.

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                                 -27-

Processes, Procedures, and Methods to Control Pollution Resulting from
All Construction Activity, Report No. EPA 430/9-73-007.U.S.  EPA.
Wash. DC, 1973.  GPO, $2.30.

    Issued according to requirements of Section 304(e)  of P.L.  92-500.
    Report provides information of a general nature regarding  measures
    to controlling or preventing erosion and sediment runoff,  stormwater,
    and pollutants other than sediments.
HYDROGRAPHIC MODIFICATION MANAGEMENT

The Control of Pollution from Hydrographic Modifications, Report No.
EPA 430/9-73-017.U.S. EPA.Wash. DC, 1973.GPO, $1.95.

    This report issued under Section 304(e) provides information and
    guidance for use in identification and evaluation of non-point
    sources of pollutants, and processes, procedures and control methods
    when pollution results from changes in the movement flow or  circu-
    lation of any navigable waters or ground waters.

GRQUNDWATER POLLUTION MANAGEMENT

Groundwater Pollution from Subsurface Excavations, Report No.  EPA 430/9-
73-012.  U.S. EPA.  Wash. DC, 1973.GPO, $2.25.

    Report issued under Section 304(e), provides  information on  identifi-
    cation and evaluation, and on control methods.  Injection wells,  la-
    goons, septic systems, land fills, pipe leakage, etc. are generally
    covered.  Administrators Decisions Statement  No. 5 is included.

Identification and Control of Pollution from Salt Water Intrusion.  U.S.
EPA.  Wash. DC, 1973.  NTIS PB 227-229/2.

    Report issued under Section 304(e), provides  general information  on
    identification and assessment; and on control methods.  Coastal and
    inland waters are covered.

Subsurface Pollution Problems in the United States, Report No. TS-00-72-02.
U.S. EPA.  Wash. DC, May 1972.  GPO Stock No.  514-148/60.

    Report provides very general information on types of subsurface prob-
    lems experienced in the United States.

Subsurface Water Pollution, A Selected Annotated  Bibliography.   Part  I-
"Subsurface Waste Injection"; Part II - "Saline Water Intrusion";  Part
III - "Percolation from Subsurface Sources"?U.S. EPA.Wash. DC,
March 1972.  NTIS, Part I:  PB 211-340; Part II:   PB 211-341;  Part III:
PB 211-342.

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                                 -28-

    A selective bibligraphy produced from the computerized data base
    of the OWRR Water Resources Scientific Information Center.   Repre-
    sents published research in water resources as abstracted and indexed
    in the semi-monthly journal, Selected Water Resource Abstracts.   Re-
    presents a search of a 33,980 - item data base, covering  SWRA from
    October 1968 through December 1971.
Report to Congress - Waste Disposal Practices and Their Effects on Ground
Water:  Draft.U.S. EPA Office of Water Supply,  April 22,  1976~Available
from Bill Thompson (WH/550) 401 M St. SW/Wash. DC  20460.

    Describes the use and occurrence of the groundwater resource along with
    the mechanisms of contamination.  Discusses the major  waste disposal
    practices including an explanation of the waste disposal practice,
    listing of potential contaminants, estimation of the extent of ground-
    water contamination on a national basis, reviews the present prevention
    technology and explores typical institutional controls available to
    state agencies.  511 pages.

A Manual of Laws, Regulations, and Institutions for Control of Groundwater
Pollution^
    See Section VI:  Legal/Institutional Program Elements

Subsurface Water Pollution, A Selective Annotated Bibliography, 3 parts
    See Section X:  Bibliographies

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                                 -29-

IX.  Environmental Assessment


Ecosystem Impacts of Urbanization:   Assessment Methodology.   U.S.  EPA
Report No. "EPA 600/3-76-072.   WashT DC, July~1976.   NTIS No.  not assigned
yet.

    A methodology is developed to use space-time analysis and ecosystem
    modeling to assess the secondary impacts of wastewater treatment
    facilities (i.e., urbanization)  on the ecosystem.   The existing
    state of the ecosystem is described with emphasis  on the  dynamic,
    periodic, trend, and gradient processes.  Ecosystem models  are
    used to project each facility alternative and its  consequences.
    Ecosystem models are described and the literature  on impacts is
    reviewed.  A case study of urbanization at Lake George, N.Y. em-
    phasizes the usefulness of the components of ecosystem models  by
    linking units from several studies with a new model (LAND).

Direct Environmental Factors at Municipal Wastewater Treatment  Works.
Ernest Leffel.  U.S. EPA,  Wash. DC.  Available from MCD - 20/6SA
8FFF/Centralized Mailing List Services/ Building 41/ Denver Federal
Center/Denver, Colorado  80225.

    The purpose of this report is to provide the methodology  and reference
    information to ensure that the design of wastewater treatment  works
    provides for construction and operation compatible with the environ-
    ment.  Environmental factors considered in the report include  odors,
    noise, aerosols, site planning,  architecture, lighting, aesthetics,
    subsurface conditions, construction nuisances,  solid disposal, and
    treatement during construction.

Land Development and Natural Environment:  Estimating  Impacts.   Dale  L.
Keyes.  Wash. TxT:The Urban InstitutedAvailable from Publication Office
The Urban Institute, 2100 M Street,  NW, Washingon,  D.C.  20037   Order No.
13500, List price $4.95.

    This report, one of a series, focuses on ways to estimate the  impacts
    of residential, commercial and industrial development on  the natural
    environment —primarily air quality, water quality and quantity, noise,
    and wildlife and vegetation.  It also discusses potential hazards for
    land development from natural disasters.  The intent is to  provide
    elected officials, educated lay persons, urban planners,  and others
    concerned with the impacts of land development  with basic information
    on the state of the art.   A complete discussion of each analytical
    technique is not included.  Instead, a brief, simplified  overview of
    basic scientific principles related to each specific impact is presented,
    followed by a discussion of impact measures and alternative data analysis
    procedures.  References to orginal sources and additional reading are
    also given.

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                                 -30-

Measuring Impacts of Land Development:   An Initial Approach.   Phillip
S. Schaenmen and Thomas Muller.Washington,  DC:   The Urban Institute.
Available from Publications Office, The Urban Institute,  2100  M Street,
NW, Washington DC  20037,  Order No.  86000.   List price $2.95.

    This report is the first in a series on land  use impact evaluation
    published by The Urban Institute and sponsored by the U.S.  Depart-
    ment of Housing and Urban Development.  A second report on fiscal
    impacts to the natural environment will be available  in the near
    future.  Other reports will follow on such topics as  social impacts
    and impacts to the private economy.  This report is an overview.
    It sets forth measures and procedures for assessing the impact "of
    land developments on economic, environmental, aesthetic, public
    and private service, housing and social concerns.  The report con-
    centrates on ways to develop comprehensive data on the expected
    impacts of development.

Fiscal Impacts of Land Development;  A Critique of Methods and Review
of Issues,  Thomas Muller.Washington, DC:The  Urban Institute.
Available from:  Publications Office, The Urban Institute, 2100 M St.
NW, Washington, DC  20037.  Order No. 98000.   List price  $2.95.

    This report, second in a series, discusses in greater detail  the
    state of the art in calculating the fiscal impact of land  develop-
    ments for local governments.  The applicability of various approaches
    is discussed and guidance is given to those sponsoring or  reviewing
    work in the fiscal impact area.  The author attempts  to show  the
    best of current parctice while indicating some of the gaps or defects
    that require the special attention of analysts.

A Review of Environmental Impact Assessment Methodologies, Report No.
EPA 600/5-74-002.U.S. EPA.  Wash. DC, April 1974.GPO $.70,
NTIS PB 236-609/AS.

    Seventeen methodologies applicable to preparation of  environmental
    impact statements are reviewed to identify their strengths, weak-
    nesses, and potential range of use.  Specific criteria are suggested
    for evaluating the adequacy of an impact assessment methodology.

An Approach to Evaluated Environmental Social and Economic Factors in
Water Resources Planning.  Water Resources Bulletin Vol.  8 No. 4  page
724.Aug. 1972,Back issues available at $4.00  per copy from Dana
Rhoads, Amercian Water Resources Association, St. Anthony Falls,
Hydraulic Lab, Mississippi River at 3rd Ave.  SE,  Minneapolis,  Minn.
55414.

    Briefly discusses present methods of project  evaluation and then
    describes an approach adapted from highway planning literature for
    evaluating both monetary and nonnonetary variables and presenting
    them to decision makers at all levels.  Social and environmental
    consequences are analyzed using a graphical description method.
    Includes a case example.

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                                 -31-

Manual for Preparation of Environniental Imapct Statements for Wastewater
Treatment Worksr Facilities Plans, and 208 Areawide Waste Treatment
Management Plans.  U.S. EPA.  Wash. DC, 1974.Available upon request
from U.S. EPA, Office of Federal Activities (A-104), Wash. D.C.   20460

    Provides the framework for preparing environmental impact statements
    (EIS's) when required on wastewater treatment works, facilities plans,
    or 208 areawide waste management plans.  Provides certain minimum
    standards of completeness and consistency in those EIS's prepared by
    EPA in the above categories.

Performance Controls for Sensitive Lands;  A Practical Guide for Local
Administrators, Report No., EPA 600/5-75-005.  U.S. EPA.  Wash.  DC,
March 1975.NTIS PB 245 177/LBE.  P.C. $12.50, M.F. $2.25.

    Intended as handbook for use by local planning officials in  planning
    for and regulating use of streams and creeks, wetlands, woodlands,
    hillsides, and ground water and aquifer recharge areas.  Discusses
    ecology and value of sensitive areas, and recommends regulatory
    programs.  Includes appendices on obtaining technical assistance.

Secondary Impacts of Transportation and Wastewater Investments;   Research
Results, Report No. EPA 600/5-75-013.U.S. EPA.Wash. DC,July 1975.
NTIS PB 246 085/5BE.  P.C. $7.75, M.F. $2.25.

    The second report of a 2 part research study.  This report presents
    the results of original research on the extent to which secondary
    development can be ^attributed to highways and wastewater treatment
    and collection, and the conditions under which causal relations
    appear to exist.

Bibliography for Environmental Assessment and Impact Evaluation  of
Areawide Quality Management
    See Section X:Bibliographies

Secondary Impacts of Transportation and Wastewater Investments;   Review
and Bibliography
    See Section X:  Bibliographies

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                                 -32-

X.  Bibliographies


Environmental Management Research Publications and Active Projects,
U.S. EPA,  Wash. DC  20460.  Available from Office of Research and
Development.  U.S. EPA.  Wash. DC  20460

    Lists active and planned projects on problem assessment,  implem-
    entation methods, institutional, arrangements, evaluation, and
    enforcement.  No abstracts. 9 pages.

Subsurface Water Pollution A Selective Annotated Bibliography.  Part
I Subsurface Waste Inj ect ion, NTIS PB 211 340, Part II Saline Water  Intru-
sion, NTIS PB 211 341, Part III Percolation from Surface Sources,  NTIS PB
211 342, U.S. EPA Office of Water Programs, March 1972, Wash. D.C.  20460
Available from NTIS, Springfield, VA 22151. $3.00 paper, $.95 Microfiche.

    Research in water resources, as abstracted and indexed in semi-
    monthly journal (SWRA).  Represents search of a 33,980 item data
    base, covering SWRA from Oct 1968 to Dec 1971.

EPA Publications on Urban Stormwater Runoff;  Ordering Information,
EPA Region IV, June 1976.Available from U.S. EPA/Water Quality Man-
agement Information Center.

    Listing of publications, without abstracts.  Approximately 22  entries.
    Includes NTIS and GPO numbers and prices.

Bibliography for Environmental Assessment and Impact Evaluation of
Are"awide Water Quality Management^U7S. EPA.  Wash. D.C., Nov 1975.
Available upon request from U.S. EPA, Water Quality Management Infor-
mation Center (WH/554), Wash. D.C.  20460.

    A bibliography of references dealing with environmental assessment
    and impact evaluation.  Emphasis is placed on those relating to
    environmental assessment and impact evaluation of areawide water
    quality management.

Secondary Impacts of Transportation and Wastewater Investments;  Review
and Bibliography.  Report No. EPA 600/5-75-002.  U.S. EPA, Wash. D.C.,
Jan 1975.  NTIS PB 246 085/5BE.  P.C. $7.75, M.F. $2,25.

    A review of over 50 major studies and 300 relevant reports related
    to secondary environmental impacts on various forms of public  in-
    vestments, e.g. land based transportation and wastewater collection
    systems,

Bibliography for Small and Individual Systems, Available from U.S. EPA,
Water Quality Management Information Center.

    Approximately 85 entries, without abstracts, on small and individual
    sewage systems.

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                                 -33-

Energy-Effielent Planning;  An Annotated Bibliography,  Efraim Gil
Report No. 315, Planning Advisory Service.1976.L3T3 East 60th
St., Chicago, 111  60637.

    Annotated bibliography of existing planning practice aimed at
    energy conservation.  Sections on:  zoning, subdivision control,
    land use, policy and transportation planning,  energy-efficient
    housing design, site plan review, and regional planning.

Selected Irrigation Return Flow^Quality Abstracts, 1974.  Gaylord  V,
Skogerboe, Wynn R. Walker, Stephen W."Smith, Report No. EPA 600/2-76-019.
Nov 1974, NTIS PB 235 385/2.  P.C. $10.50,  M.F. $2.25.

    Abstacts derived from 100 sources of material  published during
    calendar year 1974.  Includes technological and institutional
    articles pertinent to action programs regarding the control of
    water quality degradation resulting from irrigated  agriculture.
    228 pages.

Solid WasteManagement - Available Information Materials, U.S. EPA
Information Staff, Office of Solid Waste Management Programs, Nov
1975.  NTIS PB 234 931/4.

    Booklet lists publications, films, exhibits, information kits,
    training programs, OSWMP and NTIS publications and  reports.
    Indexes by subject, title and author.

Bibliography of Research, Development and Demonstration Grant, Con-
tract, and In-house Project Reports.   Storm and Combined Sewer Section,
MufucTipaTEnvironmental Research Laboratory-Cincinnati, U.S. EPA,
Edison, NJ  08817,  June 1976.  Available from Water Quality Manage-
ment Information Center.

    Listing without abstracts, includes index, prices and NTIS,  GPO
    and Publishers No.  Approximately 200 entries  on combined sewer
    discharges, storm sewer discharges, non-sewered runoff.

Land Application of Sewage Effluents  and Sludges:   Selected Abstracts,
Report No. EPA 660/2-74-042"U.S. EPA.National  Environmental  Re-
search Center, Corvallis, Oregon, 1974, GPO, $2.80, NTIS PB 235-386
$8.50.

    Combines selected abstracts from  previous publications and updates
    the sources abstracted into the year 1973.  The 568 abstracts
    selected for inclusion are arranged in  chronological groupings and
    are identified as to emphasis on  effluent or sludge.

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                                 -34-

Residual Waste Management Research and Planning  Project.   Report  No.
EPA 440/9-76-003.Available from Water Quality  Management Information
Center.  NTIS PB 250 954/AS.  P.C. $10.00, Microfiche  $2.25.

    Contains selected abstracts of projects underway,  and  publications
    on the subject of residual wastes and their  impact on  ground  and
    surface waters.  Provides information regarding oroject or publi-
    cation identification, a brief summary, status of  the  projects,
    point of contact, and acquistion details.

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                                 -35-

XI.  Selected 208 Outputs


C_itize_n_ Involvement in OCPC 208 Planning - A Progress Report, Old
Colony Planning Council
    See Section IV:  Public Participation

Stormwater Quality Summary - Preliminary Draft, New Castle County,
Delaware
    See Section VIII C:  Urban Stormwater Management

Alternative Growth Management Techniques - Draft, New Castle County,
Delaware
    See Section V:  208 Plan Implementation

Federa^ Programs Impacting Regional Water Quality - Draft, Miami Regional
Planning Commission
    See Section VI:  Legal/Institutional Program Elements


All of the above are available from the Water Quality Management Information
Center, WH/554, Wash., D.C.  20460.

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                                 -36-


                INSTRLICTIONS FOR ORDERING PUBLICATIONS

National Technical Information Service (NTIS)

National Technical Information Service
5285 Port Royal Road
Springfield, VA  22161

    The National Technical Information Service has available for sale,
both paper and microfiche copies of many EPA technical reports.   Some
reports are, however, available only in microfiche.  Information on
availability and prices is given only by mail and can be obtained by
writing to the NTIS and giving them the following information:

    1.  Title of the report
    2.  NTIS accession number (usually in the form:  PB-000-000).
    3.  EPA Report No. (If known, usually in the form:  EPA 000/0-00-000).
    4.  Number of copies required.
    5.  Paper copies or microfiche.

    NTIS will respond by mail with a price quote and availability
statement.  Publications can then be ordered by mail with payment
enclosed.

U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO)

Superintendent of Documents
U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D.C.  20402

    The Government Printing Office has available for sale, paper
copies of many EPA and other agency publicationa.  Information on the
availability and price of publications can be obtained by calling the
Publications Information/Order Desk at GPO in Washington, D.C.   The
desk can be reached at area code 202, 783-3238.  Trie following infor-
mation will be needed.

    1,  Title of the report.
    2.  EPA Report No. (usually in the form:  EPA 000/0-00-000).
    3,  GPO Stock No. (if known).

    The Information/Order Desk can then check the availability and
quote the price.  If the publication  is available a check for the
amount, payable to the Superintendent of Documents, can be mailed
with the order to GPO.  Publications will be mailed upon receipt of
the payment.  If ordering in the Washington, D.C. area, publications
can be picked up in person at GPO.  When calling for information and
price ask the clerk to assign a pick-up-number.  The publications can
then be picked up in person at GPO.

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                                 -37-

Water Quality Management Information Center

Librarian
EPA
Water Planning Division, WH/554
401 M St., S.W.
Washington,  D.C.  20604

    The W,Q.M. Information Center has limited stocks of specific tech-
nical and general water quality planning and management related (Section
208) publications available free upon request.

    The following information is needed:

    1.  Title of the report,
    2.  EPA Report Number, if available.
    3.  Number of copies required.

    State and Areawide Agencies should continue to contact their EPA
Regional Offices for publications before sending requests to the Water
Quality Management Information Center in Washington, D.C.  The infor-
mation listed above shoud be included in requests to the Regional Offices,

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