United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
OSWER (5204-G)
ORO (RD-689)
540R92600
OERR 9200.6-303 (92-3)
NTIS NO. PB92921102
November 1992
Superfund
<&EPA Health Effects Assessment Summary
Tables
Supplement No. 2 to the
March 1992 Annual Update
-------
OHEA ECAO-CIN-821
November 1992
HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT
SUMMARY TABLES
FY-1992 Supplement No. 2
Office of Research and Development
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, DC 20460
-------
DISCLAIMER
This report has been prepared by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. The information contained herein has been taken
from final documents prepared by the Office of Health and Environ-
mental Assessment for the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency
Response and the Office of Water, Washington, DC and the Office of
Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC.
These documents were reviewed in accordance with Agency policy and
approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial
products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
11
-------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
INTRODUCTION 1
WHAT'S NEW IN THE NOVEMBER 1992 SUPPLEMENT NO. 2 9
HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) 1-1
HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND
CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) 2-1
HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY 3-1
HEAST TABLE 4A: RADIONUCLIDE CARCINOGENICITY - SLOPE
FACTORS (IN PICOCURIES) 4A-1
HEAST TABLE 4B: RADIONUCLIDE CARCINOGENICITY - SLOPE
FACTORS (IN BECQUERELS) 4B-1
REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC
TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) Rl-1
REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE METHODS -
SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) R2-1
REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY R3-1
111
-------
INTRODUCTION
This document is the November 1992 Supplement No. 2 for the
March 1992 Annual Update of the Health Effects Assessment Summary
Tables (HEAST) prepared by EPA's Office of Health and Environmental
Assessment, Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office,
Cincinnati, OH for use at both Superfund and RCRA sites. It
updates the information in the March 1992 HEAST Annual Update and
in the July 1992 Supplement No. 1 for the March 1992 HEAST Annual
Update and should be checked whenever those documents are consult-
ed. This supplement was not produced to stand alone and does not
contain the User's Guides or Appendix that are available in the
Annual Update. Thus, the user must reference the March 1992 HEAST
Annual Update for this information.
The HEAST is a comprehensive listing consisting almost
entirely of PROVISIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT INFORMATION relative to
oral and inhalation routes for chemicals of interest to Superfund,
the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), and the EPA in
general. These entries in the HEAST are limited to chemicals that
have undergone review and have the concurrence of individual Agency
Program Offices, and each is supported by an Agency reference.
This risk assessment information has not, however, had enough
review to be recognized as high quality, Agency-wide consensus
information.
The Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) is the Agency's
official repository of Agency-wide consensus chronic human health
risk information. IRIS evaluations are conducted by the Agency's
_ 1 .
-------
Work Group Review process, i.e., they have been examined by either
the Reference Dose/Reference Concentration (RfD/RfC) Work Group or
the Carcinogen Risk Assessment Verification Endeavor (CRAVE) Work
Group. These Agency Work Groups conduct a process that leads to
internal Agency scientific unanimous consensus regarding risk
assessment information on a chemical. This information is recorded
on IRIS, is considered to be "Work Group Verified", and does not
appear on the HEAST. Thus, provisional risk assessment information
on the HEAST is subject to possible review and revision by these
Agency Work Groups.
There are two exceptions to the above discussion. The HEAST
also contains information on chemicals that are a part of the
National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) or the Drinking
Water Criteria Document (DWCD) series. In each of these cases, the
chemicals are subject to extensive scientific peer review processes
of extremely high quality.
CHEMICAL STATUS DEFINITIONS
Chemicals reviewed by the Agency Work Groups are classified
according to their status as either "verified", "not verifiable",
or "under review". The toxicity values (other than NAAQS or DWCD
values) listed on the HEAST are considered to be "provisional".
The Agency has no official definitions for these terms, but the
HEAST user may interpret them as follows:
Provisional: A toxicity value or a cancer value is
"provisional" if the value has had some form of Agency
review, but it does not appear on the IRIS system. These
values are generated in several ways. Often they are
determined in the course of developing an Agency document
-2-
-------
on a chemical or on a class of chemicals. Some have been
generated through the Work Group process, but have not
yet been input to the IRIS system. At the time each
value was derived, all available information on the
chemical was evaluated, the value was calculated using
the most current methodology, and a consensus was reached
on the value by Agency scientists in a program office or
ORD.
These "provisional" values are found on the HEAST. They do not
appear on IRIS.
Verified: A toxicity value or a cancer value is "Work
Group Verified" if all available information on the value
has been examined by an Agency Work Group, the value has
been calculated using current Work Group methodology, and
a unanimous consensus has been reached on the value by
the Work Group.
These values have been, or shortly will be added to IRIS.
Some "verified" numbers may appear on the HEAST for a short time
until they are loaded onto IRIS. During the interim, they are
treated as "provisional" values.
Not verifiable: A toxicity value is "not verifiable" if
an Agency Work Group has considered all available data on
a chemical and has unanimously determined that data are
inadequate to generate a value that would be suitable for
inclusion on IRIS. No toxicity value is calculated.
No toxicity values are available for IRIS or the HEAST. This "not
verifiable" status, however, has been, or shortly will be noted on
IRIS, and is often found on the HEAST, with a pointer to the IRIS
system.
Under Review: A toxicity value is "under review" if an
Agency Work Group is in the process of considering all
available data on a chemical. No conclusions have been
drawn thus far by the Work Group. Toxicity values that
have been withdrawn from IRIS by a Work Group will have
this status.
This status may be indicated on IRIS or on the HEAST. During this
time, toxicity values "under review" may appear on the HEAST and
are to be considered "provisional".
In all cases, the status of a chemical may change as new data
become available, and the assessment is revisited.
-3-
-------
CAUTION
It is imperative for each user of the HEAST to recognize that
the values listed in the toxicity tables and the cancer table are
generally considered to be PROVISIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT INFORMATION.
The user is referred to IRIS for "Work Group Verified" values. It
is also important to remember that the numbers in these tables
alone tell very little about the adverse effects of a chemical or
the quality of evidence on which risk assessment information is
based. Original assessment documents must be consulted by users of
the HEAST in order to fully appreciate the strengths and limita-
tions of a specific data base. Original source documents will
allow for the most complete characterization of potential toxicity
associated with the range of exposure pathways generally evaluated
at Superfund and RCRA sites. The Reference Tables point the user
to these sources.
CONTRIBUTORS
Chemicals commonly found at RCRA sites as identified by the
Office of Solid Waste's (OSW) Technical Assessment Branch are
included in the HEAST. The Office of Radiation Programs has
provided data on radionuclide carcinogenicity for Tables 4A and 4B
of the HEAST. The Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
(OAQPS) has provided information on chemicals for which Air Quality
Criteria Documents and National Ambient Air Quality Standards have
been developed. The Office of Water (OW) has provided information
on chemicals for which Drinking Water Criteria Documents have been
developed.
-4-
-------
CHEMICALS LISTED
Most of the chemicals included on the toxicity tables and
carcinogenicity table are those for which at least one of the
following EPA documents has been written: Health Effects Assess-
ment Document (HEA), Health and Environmental Effects Profile
(HEEP), Health and Environmental Effects Document (HEED), Health
Assessment Document (HAD), Air Quality Criteria Document (AQCD),
Drinking Water Criteria Document (DWCD). A description of each is
provided in Appendix A, Section I of the March 1992 HEAST Annual
Update. In a few cases, the values are supported by other written
material, such as Work Group meeting notes or Carcinogen Assessment
Group (CAG) Profiles. Radionuclides included are those believed to
be most commonly encountered at Superfund sites.
The names of criteria pollutants that are regulated as
National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) under the Clean Air
Act are listed in the main body of the HEAST, but the actual
criteria are included as Section V of Appendix A: Technical
Information of the March 1992 HEAST Annual Update. The NAAQS were
not included in the tables in order to distinguish them from the
provisional reference concentration ([RfC]) values. The NAAQS and
[RfCJs represent different levels of review and different methods
of calculation and thus, must be interpreted and used differently.
HIERARCHY OF SOURCES
It is recognized that at any point in time there may be
multiple old and new Agency documents or data bases that present
different values on a specific chemical. For chemicals other than
-5-
-------
those represented by the NAAQS or DWCDs, the following hierarchy of
sources is recommended in evaluating chemical toxicity for
Superfund sites:
1. The Agency's Integrated Risk Information System
(IRIS) and cited references. Changes are made in
this data base on a monthly basis, but there may be
data gaps. Call IRIS USER SUPPORT at 513/569-7254
for further information.
2. The Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables (HEAST)
Annual Update and Supplements and cited references.
3. Consultation with the Superfund Health Risk Tech-
nical Support Center (TSC) at (513)569-7300.
4. Do not consult either the toxicity tables (Appendix
A) in the Superfund Public Health Evaluation Manual
(SPHEM, U.S. EPA, 1986) or the September 1988 Public
Health Risk Evaluation Data Base (PHRED) as these
sources are likely to contain numerous values that
have since become out-of-date.
QUESTIONS
Chemical Toxicity and Carcinogenicity
Regional EPA Superfund Staff may direct questions regarding
the contents of the chemical toxicity and carcinogenicity tables on
the HEAST (e.g., chemicals not covered, chemicals with pending
[RfD]s) to EPA's Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center
(TSC) in Cincinnati, OH at (513) 569-7300.
Questions from other users must be submitted to the TSC in writing
and must contain the following information:
- Superfund site name, site location and twelve-digit
site number;
— Name and phone number of the site Remedial Project
Manager (RPM) or Regional Risk Assessor/Toxicologist
- Detailed description of the risk assessment related
question.
-6-
-------
Please send requests via mail or FAX to:
Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center
US EPA
26 W. ML King Dr.
Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office
MS 117
Cincinnati, OH 45268
FAX#: (513) 569-7159
RCRA Chemicals
Questions about RCRA chemicals may be addressed by calling the
Health Assessment Section of the Office of Solid Waste at (202)
260-4761.
Radionuclide Carcinoaenicity
Questions concerning radionuclide carcinogenicity should first
be addressed by contacting the appropriate Regional Radiation
Program Manager. A listing of these managers and several contacts
in the Office of Radiation Programs can be found in the User's
Guide - Radionuclide Carcinogenicity on pages 46-48 of the March
1992 HEAST Annual Update.
REFERENCES
Most cited Agency references (e.g., HEAs, HEEPs, HEEDs), are
(or will soon be) available through the National Technical
Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA
22161 (703/487-4650 or 800/336-4700). Carcinogen Assessment Group
(CAG) Profiles cited in Table 3 are available through the RCRA
docket (202/260-9327).
-7-
-------
ORDERING INFORMATION
Limited copies of the HEAST are available for EPA Superfund
staff, State Superfund programs and other Federal agencies working
on Superfund sites, and EPA contractors working for the EPA Super-
fund program. Users in these groups can call Syracuse Research
Corporation (202) 479-0881 to be put on the mailing list. (This
number has been changed since the March 1992 HEAST Annual Update
and the July 1992 Supplement No. 1 were published.)
EPA's Office of Solid Waste (OSW) requests that their users
(i.e., OSW staff, contractors, State solid waste programs) call the
Health Assessment Section (202) 260-4761 to obtain copies of the
HEAST. Regional OSW staff are reminded that copies are sent to all
EPA Regional libraries.
Users of the HEAST in EPA's Office of Air and Radiation and
State air programs should call Rick Mattick of EPA's Office of Air
Quality Planning and Standards at (919) 541-3990.
All other users must purchase the document from:
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
5285 Port Royal Road
Springfield, VA 22161
(703) 487-4630
For ordering information, call the NTIS Subscriptions
Department at (703)487-4630. NTIS normally ships 4th class United
States mail. Therefore, users may wish to consult with NTIS
concerning the use of an overnight delivery service. The NTIS
order number is PB92-921100 .
-8-
-------
WHAT'S NEW IN THE NOVEMBER 1992 SUPPLEMENT NO. 2
The changes indicated in the November 1992 Supplement No. 2 to
the March 1992 HEAST Annual Update reflect changes in IRIS through
November 1, 1992. It is also current with RfD/RfC and CRAVE Work
Group activities through September 1, 1992. Cross-references
between tables may refer the user to the March 1992 HEAST Annual
Update for that information.
A. CHEMICAL SPECIFIC CHANGES ON HEAST TABLE 1: SUBCHRONIC AND
CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
ACETOPHENONE
[RfC] values were removed from HEAST Table 2. A statement was
added to Table 1 to indicate that the [RfC] is considered not
verifiable (6/25/92) by the RfD/RfC Work Group.
ALACHLOR
No change in the table. Reference to the 1992 HEED was added.
BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHTHALATE
No change in the table. Reference to 1991 DWCD was added.
CHLOROBENZILATE
No change in the table. Reference to the 1991 HEED was added.
CYANAZINE
The chronic oral RfD was added and a statement indicates that it
was withdrawn from IRIS (7/1/92).
DIBUTYL PHTHALATE
No change in the table. Reference to the 1991 DWCD was added.
DICHLOROBENZENE.1.3-
A statement was added to indicate that the [RfD] is considered not
verifiable (6/23/92) by the RfD/RfC Work Group.
DICHLOROBENZENE.1.4-
The chronic inhalation [RfC] value was added and reflects the value
under review by the RfD/RfC Work Group. The chronic inhalation
[RfC] was adopted as the subchronic inhalation [RfC].
DICHLOROETHYLENE.1.2- (Mixed Isomers)
The chronic oral [RfD] and the subchronic oral [RfD] were added
from the 1991 HEED.
-9-
-------
PIETHYL PHTHALATE
No change in the table. Reference to the 1991 DWCD was added.
ETHYLENE THIOUREA
A statement was added to indicate that the [RfC] is considered not
verifiable (8/12/92) by the RfD/RfC Work Group.
HEXACHLOROBENZENE
No change in the table. Reference to the 1991 DWCD was added.
HEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE
No change in the table. Reference to the 1991 DWCD was added.
HYDROGEN SULFIDE
No change in the table. Reference to the 1990 HEED was added.
MERPHOS
A statement was added to indicate that the chronic inhalation RfC
is considered not verifiable (6/25/92) by the RfD/RfC Work Group,
and an indicator was added to show that this statement has been
added to IRIS.
MERPHOS OXIDE
A statement was added to indicate that the chronic inhalation RfC
is considered not verifiable (6/25/92) by the RfD/RfC Work Group,
and an indicator was added to show that this statement has been
added to IRIS.
METHYL ETHYL KETONE
[RfC] values were removed from HEAST Table 2. An indicator was
added to Table 1 to show that the chronic inhalation RfC is
available on IRIS. The chronic inhalation RfC on IRIS is adopted
as the subchronic inhalation [RfC].
METHYL PARATHION
The subchronic oral [RfD] was changed to reflect the value in the
1991 HEED.
MIREX
The chronic oral [RfD] , newly added to IRIS is adopted as the
subchronic oral [RfD].
MOLYBDENUM
An indicator was added to show that the chronic oral RfD has been
added to IRIS.
NAPHTHALENE
The quantitative risk assessment values were removed pending
resolution of the RfD/RfC Work Group's position. Contact the
Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center for more informa-
tion. (See page 6.)
-10-
-------
NICKEL
No change in the table. Reference to 1991 DW Quantification of
Toxicologic Effects document was added.
NITROANILINE. 2-
Subchronic and chronic oral [RfD] values were removed, and a
statement was added to indicate that the chronic [RfD] is consid-
ered not verifiable by the RfD/RfC Work Group.
PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE
The subchronic and chronic inhalation [RfC] values were added from
the 1992 HEED. The chronic inhalation [RfC] was adopted as the
subchronic inhalation [RfC].
STRONTIUM. STABLE
An indicator was added to show that the chronic oral [RfD] is
available on IRIS. The chronic oral [RfD] was adopted as the
subchronic oral [RfD].
STYRENE
An indicator was added to show that the chronic inhalation RfC was
added to IRIS. The subchronic inhalation [RfC] was added to the
HEAST.
TOLUENE
An indicator was added to show that the chronic inhalation RfC has
been added to IRIS. The chronic oral RfC was adopted as the
subchronic oral [RfC].
TRINITROPHENYLMETHYLNITRAMINE
An error was corrected to indicate that the [RfD] is based on a
LOAEL.
ZINC (METALLIC)
An indicator was added to show that the chronic oral RfD was added
to IRIS. The chronic oral RfD was adopted as the subchronic oral
[RfD].
B. CHEMICAL SPECIFIC CHANGES ON HEAST TABLE 2: ALTERNATE MELTHODS
- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)
ACETOPHENONE
[RfC] values were removed from HEAST Table 2. A statement was
added to Table 1 to indicate that the [RfC] is considered not
verifiable (6/25/92) by the RfD/RfC Work Group.
METHYL ETHYL KETONE
[RfC] values were removed from HEAST Table 2. An indicator was
added to Table 1 to show that the chronic inhalation RfC is
available on IRIS. The chronic inhalation RfC on IRIS is adopted
as the subchronic inhalation [RfC].
-11-
-------
C. CHEMICAL SPECIFIC CHANGES ON HEAST TABLE 3: CARCINOGENICITY
ALACHLOR
No change in the table. Reference to the 1992 HEED was added.
BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHTHALATE
No change in the table. Reference to the 1991 DWCD was added.
BUTYL BENZYL PHTHALATE, N-
No change in the table. Reference to the 1991 DWCD was added.
CHLOROBENZILATE
The [EPA Group] classification and oral and inhalation [slope
factor] and [unit risk] values were added from the 1991 HEED.
CREOSOTE. COAL-TAR
No change in the table. Reference to the 1991 HEED was added.
TRICHLOROPROPANE.1.2.3-
[EPA Group] classification was added to reflect the classification
under review by the CRAVE Work Group.
D. CHEMICAL SPECIFIC CHANGES ON HEAST TABLE 4A: RADIONUCLIDE
CARCINOGENICITY — SLOPE FACTORS (In Units of Picocuries)
INDIUM (49). In-114
The CASRN was corrected to read 13981-55-0.
RHODIUM (45) Rh-106
The CASRN was corrected to read 14234-34-5.
SILVER (47) Acf-111
The CASRN was corrected to read 157690-04-0.
E. CHEMICAL SPECIFIC CHANGES ON HEAST TABLE 4B: RADIONUCLIDE
CARCINOGENICITY — SLOPE FACTORS (In Units of Becquerels)
INDIUM (49). In-114
The CASRN was corrected to read 13981-55-0.
RHODIUM (45) Rh-106
The CASRN was corrected to read 14234-34-5.
SILVER (47) Aa-111
The CASRN was corrected to read 157690-04-0.
-12-
------- An error occurred while trying to OCR this image.
------- An error occurred while trying to OCR this image.
------- An error occurred while trying to OCR this image.
------- An error occurred while trying to OCR this image.
------- An error occurred while trying to OCR this image.
------- An error occurred while trying to OCR this image.
------- An error occurred while trying to OCR this image.
-------
o
X
o
I-
o
z
o
cc
I
o
Q
<>
o t
z o
o z
OC LU
I O
o o
5?
COO
UJ
Of
HI
U.
UJ
PC
§ *
5 9
J
o!»
n
K
o
Q
X
O
u
z
o
o
Of
o
Q.
0.
z
o
<
£
OC
O
oz
I <
K I
LU |-
u
UJ
LLJ
K-
CC
111
I-
CM
LU
_l
CO
LU
I
8
>- CM Q
S CO >
CO oc
* 05 z
5 O o
S o ^
-i O <
h- O i
o
s:
o
oo 3
co "•
9 S
co g
r~ ^
S^
81
UJ _
LU UJ
X uj
Q. CJ
O
LU
CJ
X ^
>- £
LU z
, uj
—J u
------- An error occurred while trying to OCR this image.
------- An error occurred while trying to OCR this image.
------- An error occurred while trying to OCR this image.
------- An error occurred while trying to OCR this image.
------- An error occurred while trying to OCR this image.
------- An error occurred while trying to OCR this image.
------- An error occurred while trying to OCR this image.
------- An error occurred while trying to OCR this image.
------- An error occurred while trying to OCR this image.
------- An error occurred while trying to OCR this image.
------- An error occurred while trying to OCR this image.
------- An error occurred while trying to OCR this image.
------- |