United States
        Environmental Protection
        Agency
OSWER (5204-G)
ORO (RD-689)
                                        540R92600
OERR 9200.6-303 (92-3)
NTIS NO. PB92921102
November 1992
        Superfund
<&EPA Health Effects Assessment Summary
        Tables
        Supplement No. 2 to the
        March 1992 Annual Update

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                                    OHEA ECAO-CIN-821
                                        November 1992
        HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT

              SUMMARY TABLES


         FY-1992  Supplement No.  2
   Office  of  Research  and  Development
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
   U.S.  Environmental Protection  Agency
          Washington,  DC  20460

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                           DISCLAIMER
     This  report  has  been prepared  by  the U.S.  Environmental
Protection Agency.  The information contained herein has been taken
from final documents  prepared  by the Office of Health and Environ-
mental Assessment  for the  Office of  Solid  Waste and  Emergency
Response and the Office of  Water,  Washington, DC and the Office of
Air Quality  Planning and Standards,  Research Triangle  Park,  NC.
These documents were  reviewed  in accordance with Agency policy and
approved  for publication.   Mention of trade names or commercial
products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
                                11

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                        TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                            Page
INTRODUCTION  	     1

WHAT'S NEW IN THE NOVEMBER 1992 SUPPLEMENT NO. 2	     9

HEAST TABLE 1:  SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY
(OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)  	    1-1

HEAST TABLE 2:  ALTERNATE METHODS - SUBCHRONIC AND
CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) 	    2-1

HEAST TABLE 3:  CARCINOGENICITY	    3-1

HEAST TABLE 4A:   RADIONUCLIDE CARCINOGENICITY - SLOPE
FACTORS (IN PICOCURIES) 	  4A-1

HEAST TABLE 4B:   RADIONUCLIDE CARCINOGENICITY - SLOPE
FACTORS (IN BECQUERELS) 	  4B-1

REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 1:  SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC
TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)     	  Rl-1

REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 2:  ALTERNATE METHODS -
SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY) R2-1

REFERENCES FOR HEAST TABLE 3:  CARCINOGENICITY  	  R3-1
                               111

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                           INTRODUCTION








     This document is the  November  1992  Supplement No.  2 for the



March 1992 Annual Update of the Health Effects Assessment Summary



Tables (HEAST)  prepared by EPA's Office of Health and Environmental



Assessment,   Environmental  Criteria   and  Assessment   Office,



Cincinnati, OH for use  at both  Superfund and  RCRA sites.   It



updates the information in the March 1992 HEAST Annual Update and



in the July 1992 Supplement No. 1 for the March 1992 HEAST Annual



Update and should be checked whenever those documents are consult-



ed.  This supplement was not produced to stand alone and does not



contain the User's Guides  or  Appendix that are  available  in the



Annual Update.  Thus,  the user  must  reference the March 1992 HEAST



Annual Update for this information.



     The  HEAST  is a comprehensive  listing  consisting  almost



entirely of PROVISIONAL  RISK  ASSESSMENT INFORMATION  relative to



oral and inhalation routes  for  chemicals  of interest to Superfund,



the Resource Conservation and  Recovery Act (RCRA),  and the EPA in



general.  These entries  in  the  HEAST are  limited to chemicals that



have undergone review  and have the concurrence of individual Agency



Program Offices,  and  each is  supported  by an Agency reference.



This  risk  assessment information has not,  however, had  enough



review  to  be  recognized as high quality, Agency-wide  consensus



information.



     The Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS)  is the Agency's



official repository of Agency-wide consensus  chronic human health



risk information.  IRIS  evaluations  are conducted by the Agency's





                               _ 1 .

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Work Group Review process,  i.e., they have been examined by either

the Reference Dose/Reference Concentration  (RfD/RfC) Work Group or

the Carcinogen Risk Assessment Verification Endeavor (CRAVE)  Work

Group.  These Agency Work  Groups  conduct a  process that leads to

internal  Agency  scientific  unanimous  consensus   regarding  risk

assessment information on a chemical.  This information is recorded

on IRIS,  is considered to  be "Work  Group Verified",  and does not

appear on the HEAST.  Thus,  provisional risk assessment information

on the HEAST is  subject to possible review  and revision by these

Agency Work Groups.

     There are two exceptions to the above discussion.   The HEAST

also  contains  information  on  chemicals that  are  a part  of the

National  Ambient Air Quality  Standards (NAAQS)  or  the Drinking

Water Criteria Document (DWCD)  series.  In each of these cases, the

chemicals are subject to extensive scientific peer review processes

of extremely high quality.



CHEMICAL STATUS DEFINITIONS

     Chemicals reviewed by  the Agency Work  Groups  are classified

according to their status as either "verified", "not verifiable",

or "under review".  The toxicity values (other than NAAQS or DWCD

values)  listed  on the HEAST are  considered  to be  "provisional".

The Agency has  no official definitions for  these  terms,  but the

HEAST user may interpret them  as follows:


     Provisional:   A  toxicity value  or a  cancer  value  is
     "provisional" if  the  value has had some form  of Agency
     review,  but it does not  appear on the IRIS system.  These
     values are  generated  in several ways.   Often they are
     determined in the  course of developing an Agency document

                               -2-

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     on a chemical or on a class of chemicals.  Some have been
     generated through the Work  Group  process,  but have not
     yet been  input  to the IRIS  system.   At the  time each
     value  was derived,  all  available  information on  the
     chemical was  evaluated, the  value was calculated using
     the most current methodology, and a consensus was reached
     on the value by Agency scientists  in a program office or
     ORD.
These "provisional" values  are  found on the HEAST.   They do not
appear on IRIS.


     Verified:  A toxicity  value  or  a  cancer value is "Work
     Group Verified" if all available information on the value
     has been examined by an Agency Work Group, the value has
     been calculated using current Work Group methodology, and
     a unanimous consensus  has  been  reached  on the value by
     the Work Group.


These values have been, or shortly will be added to IRIS.
Some "verified" numbers may appear on  the  HEAST for  a short time
until they  are loaded onto IRIS.   During the  interim,  they are
treated as "provisional" values.


     Not verifiable:   A toxicity value  is "not verifiable" if
     an Agency Work Group has considered all available data on
     a chemical and has unanimously determined that data are
     inadequate to generate  a value that would be  suitable for
     inclusion on IRIS.  No toxicity value is calculated.

No toxicity values are available for  IRIS or the  HEAST.  This "not
verifiable" status,  however, has been,  or shortly will be noted on
IRIS, and is often found on the HEAST,  with a pointer to the IRIS
system.


     Under Review:  A toxicity value is "under review" if an
     Agency Work Group  is in  the  process  of  considering all
     available data on a chemical.  No conclusions have been
     drawn thus far by the Work Group.   Toxicity values that
     have been withdrawn from IRIS by a Work Group will have
     this status.

This status may be indicated on  IRIS  or on  the HEAST.  During this
time, toxicity values "under  review" may appear  on the HEAST and
are to be considered "provisional".

     In all cases,  the status  of a chemical may change as new data

become available, and the assessment is revisited.

                               -3-

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CAUTION



     It is imperative for each user of the HEAST to recognize that



the values listed in the toxicity tables and the cancer table are



generally considered to be PROVISIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT INFORMATION.



The user is referred to  IRIS for  "Work Group Verified" values.  It



is also  important  to remember that  the numbers in  these tables



alone tell very little about the adverse effects of a chemical or



the quality of  evidence on which risk  assessment  information is



based.  Original assessment documents must be consulted by users of



the HEAST  in order  to fully appreciate  the  strengths and limita-



tions of  a specific data  base.   Original  source  documents will



allow for the most complete characterization of potential toxicity



associated with the  range of exposure pathways generally evaluated



at Superfund and RCRA sites.   The Reference Tables point the user



to these sources.








CONTRIBUTORS



     Chemicals  commonly  found at RCRA sites as  identified by the



Office  of Solid Waste's  (OSW)   Technical  Assessment Branch are



included  in the HEAST.    The  Office of  Radiation  Programs has



provided data on radionuclide carcinogenicity for Tables 4A and 4B



of the  HEAST.   The  Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards



(OAQPS) has provided information on chemicals for which Air Quality



Criteria Documents and National Ambient  Air Quality Standards have



been developed.  The Office of Water  (OW) has provided information



on chemicals for which Drinking Water Criteria Documents have been



developed.






                               -4-

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CHEMICALS LISTED




     Most of  the chemicals  included  on the  toxicity  tables and



carcinogenicity  table  are those  for  which  at  least one  of the



following EPA documents has been written:  Health Effects Assess-



ment  Document  (HEA),  Health and  Environmental  Effects Profile



(HEEP),  Health  and  Environmental  Effects Document (HEED),  Health



Assessment Document  (HAD), Air  Quality  Criteria Document (AQCD),




Drinking Water Criteria Document (DWCD).  A description of each is



provided in Appendix A,  Section I  of  the March 1992 HEAST Annual



Update.   In a few cases,  the  values are supported by other written



material, such as Work Group meeting notes or  Carcinogen Assessment



Group (CAG)  Profiles.  Radionuclides included are those believed to



be most commonly encountered at Superfund sites.



     The  names  of  criteria  pollutants  that  are  regulated  as



National Ambient Air Quality  Standards (NAAQS) under the  Clean Air



Act  are  listed  in  the main body  of the  HEAST,  but the  actual



criteria  are  included  as Section V of  Appendix  A:  Technical



Information of the March 1992 HEAST Annual Update.  The NAAQS were



not  included  in  the tables in order to  distinguish  them from the



provisional reference concentration ([RfC]) values.  The  NAAQS and



[RfCJs represent different levels of review and different methods



of calculation and thus,  must be interpreted  and used differently.








HIERARCHY OF SOURCES



     It  is  recognized that  at  any point  in  time  there may  be



multiple old  and  new Agency  documents or data bases that present



different values on a specific chemical.  For chemicals other than






                               -5-

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those represented by the NAAQS or DWCDs, the following hierarchy of

sources  is  recommended  in  evaluating  chemical  toxicity  for

Superfund sites:
     1.  The  Agency's  Integrated  Risk  Information  System
         (IRIS) and  cited  references.   Changes are  made in
         this data base on a monthly basis, but there may be
         data gaps.   Call  IRIS  USER  SUPPORT at 513/569-7254
         for further information.

     2.  The Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables (HEAST)
         Annual Update and Supplements and cited references.

     3.  Consultation with  the  Superfund  Health  Risk  Tech-
         nical Support Center (TSC) at (513)569-7300.

     4.  Do not consult either the toxicity tables (Appendix
         A) in the Superfund Public Health Evaluation Manual
         (SPHEM, U.S. EPA,  1986)  or the September 1988 Public
         Health Risk  Evaluation Data Base  (PHRED)  as  these
         sources are  likely  to  contain  numerous values that
         have since become out-of-date.
QUESTIONS

     Chemical Toxicity and Carcinogenicity

     Regional EPA Superfund  Staff  may direct questions regarding

the contents of the chemical toxicity and carcinogenicity tables on

the HEAST  (e.g.,  chemicals  not  covered, chemicals  with pending

[RfD]s) to  EPA's  Superfund Health Risk  Technical  Support Center

(TSC)  in Cincinnati, OH at (513)  569-7300.

Questions from other users must be  submitted  to the TSC in writing

and must contain the following information:

     -  Superfund site name,  site  location and twelve-digit
        site number;

     —  Name and  phone  number of  the  site  Remedial Project
        Manager (RPM) or Regional Risk Assessor/Toxicologist

     -  Detailed description  of  the  risk assessment related
        question.

                               -6-

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     Please send requests via mail or FAX to:

     Superfund Health Risk Technical Support Center
     US EPA
     26 W. ML King Dr.
     Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office
     MS 117
     Cincinnati,  OH  45268
     FAX#:   (513) 569-7159

     RCRA Chemicals

     Questions about RCRA chemicals may be addressed by calling the

Health Assessment  Section  of the Office of  Solid  Waste at (202)

260-4761.

     Radionuclide Carcinoaenicity

     Questions concerning radionuclide carcinogenicity should first

be  addressed  by  contacting the  appropriate  Regional  Radiation

Program Manager.  A listing of these managers and several contacts

in the  Office  of Radiation  Programs  can be found  in  the User's

Guide - Radionuclide  Carcinogenicity  on  pages  46-48 of the March

1992 HEAST Annual Update.



REFERENCES

     Most cited Agency references (e.g.,  HEAs,  HEEPs, HEEDs),  are

(or  will  soon  be)   available  through  the  National  Technical

Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road,  Springfield,  VA

22161 (703/487-4650 or 800/336-4700).  Carcinogen Assessment Group

(CAG) Profiles  cited in Table  3  are available through  the  RCRA

docket (202/260-9327).
                               -7-

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ORDERING INFORMATION

     Limited copies of the HEAST are  available  for EPA Superfund

staff,  State Superfund programs and other Federal agencies working

on Superfund sites,  and EPA contractors working for the EPA Super-

fund program.   Users  in  these groups can  call  Syracuse Research

Corporation (202) 479-0881 to be put  on the  mailing list.   (This

number has been  changed since the March 1992 HEAST Annual Update

and the July 1992 Supplement No.  1 were published.)

     EPA's Office of  Solid Waste  (OSW) requests  that their users

(i.e.,  OSW staff, contractors, State solid waste programs) call the

Health Assessment Section (202) 260-4761 to  obtain copies of the

HEAST.   Regional OSW staff are reminded that copies  are sent to all

EPA Regional libraries.

     Users of the HEAST in EPA's Office of Air  and Radiation and

State air programs should  call Rick Mattick of EPA's Office of Air

Quality Planning and Standards at (919)  541-3990.

     All other users must purchase the document from:

        National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
        5285 Port Royal Road
        Springfield, VA  22161
        (703) 487-4630

     For  ordering  information,  call  the   NTIS   Subscriptions

Department at (703)487-4630.  NTIS normally ships 4th class United

States  mail.    Therefore,  users may  wish to  consult  with  NTIS

concerning the  use of an overnight  delivery service.   The  NTIS

order number is PB92-921100 .
                               -8-

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        WHAT'S  NEW IN THE NOVEMBER 1992  SUPPLEMENT NO.  2



     The changes indicated in the November 1992 Supplement No.  2 to

the March 1992 HEAST Annual Update  reflect changes  in IRIS through

November 1, 1992.  It is also current with RfD/RfC and CRAVE Work

Group  activities through  September  1,  1992.   Cross-references

between tables may refer  the user  to the March 1992 HEAST Annual

Update for that information.
A.  CHEMICAL  SPECIFIC CHANGES ON HEAST TABLE  1:   SUBCHRONIC AND
CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)

ACETOPHENONE
[RfC]  values  were  removed from  HEAST  Table 2.   A statement was
added to  Table 1  to  indicate that  the [RfC]   is  considered not
verifiable (6/25/92) by the RfD/RfC Work Group.

ALACHLOR
No change in the table.  Reference to the 1992 HEED was added.

BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHTHALATE
No change in the table.  Reference to 1991 DWCD was added.

CHLOROBENZILATE
No change in the table.  Reference to the 1991 HEED was added.

CYANAZINE
The chronic oral RfD  was  added  and  a statement indicates that it
was withdrawn from IRIS (7/1/92).

DIBUTYL PHTHALATE
No change in the table.  Reference to the 1991 DWCD was added.

DICHLOROBENZENE.1.3-
A statement was added  to indicate that the  [RfD] is considered not
verifiable (6/23/92) by the RfD/RfC Work Group.

DICHLOROBENZENE.1.4-
The chronic inhalation [RfC] value was added and reflects the value
under review  by the RfD/RfC Work Group.   The  chronic inhalation
[RfC]  was adopted as the subchronic inhalation  [RfC].

DICHLOROETHYLENE.1.2-  (Mixed Isomers)
The chronic oral  [RfD]  and the  subchronic  oral [RfD]  were added
from the 1991 HEED.
                               -9-

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PIETHYL PHTHALATE
No change in the table.  Reference to the 1991 DWCD was added.

ETHYLENE THIOUREA
A statement was added to indicate  that the [RfC] is considered not
verifiable (8/12/92) by the RfD/RfC Work Group.

HEXACHLOROBENZENE
No change in the table.  Reference to the 1991 DWCD was added.

HEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE
No change in the table.  Reference to the 1991 DWCD was added.

HYDROGEN SULFIDE
No change in the table.  Reference to the 1990 HEED was added.

MERPHOS
A statement was added to indicate that the chronic inhalation RfC
is considered not verifiable (6/25/92)  by the RfD/RfC Work Group,
and an  indicator  was added to show that this  statement has been
added to IRIS.

MERPHOS OXIDE
A statement was added to indicate that the chronic inhalation RfC
is considered not verifiable (6/25/92)  by the RfD/RfC Work Group,
and an  indicator  was added to show that this  statement has been
added to IRIS.

METHYL ETHYL KETONE
[RfC] values  were  removed  from HEAST Table 2.  An indicator was
added  to Table  1 to  show that  the chronic  inhalation  RfC is
available on IRIS.  The chronic inhalation RfC on IRIS is adopted
as the subchronic inhalation [RfC].

METHYL PARATHION
The subchronic oral  [RfD] was changed to reflect the value in the
1991 HEED.

MIREX
The  chronic  oral  [RfD] , newly added to IRIS  is adopted  as the
subchronic oral [RfD].

MOLYBDENUM
An indicator was added to show that the chronic oral RfD has been
added to IRIS.

NAPHTHALENE
The  quantitative  risk assessment  values  were  removed  pending
resolution of the RfD/RfC  Work Group's position.    Contact the
Superfund Health Risk  Technical Support  Center for more informa-
tion.   (See page 6.)
                               -10-

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NICKEL
No change in  the  table.   Reference to  1991  DW Quantification of
Toxicologic Effects document was added.

NITROANILINE.  2-
Subchronic  and  chronic  oral  [RfD]  values  were  removed,  and a
statement was added to indicate that the chronic [RfD] is consid-
ered not verifiable by the RfD/RfC Work Group.

PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE
The subchronic and chronic inhalation  [RfC] values were added from
the 1992 HEED.  The chronic inhalation  [RfC]  was  adopted as the
subchronic inhalation [RfC].

STRONTIUM.  STABLE
An indicator  was  added  to  show that  the  chronic oral  [RfD]  is
available on  IRIS.    The chronic oral  [RfD] was adopted  as the
subchronic oral [RfD].

STYRENE
An indicator was added to show  that the chronic inhalation RfC was
added to IRIS.  The  subchronic inhalation  [RfC]  was  added to the
HEAST.

TOLUENE
An indicator was added to show  that the chronic inhalation RfC has
been  added  to  IRIS.   The  chronic  oral RfC was adopted  as the
subchronic oral [RfC].

TRINITROPHENYLMETHYLNITRAMINE
An error was  corrected  to indicate that the  [RfD] is based on a
LOAEL.

ZINC  (METALLIC)
An indicator was added to show  that the chronic oral RfD was added
to IRIS.  The chronic oral RfD was adopted as the subchronic oral
[RfD].


B.  CHEMICAL SPECIFIC CHANGES ON HEAST TABLE 2:  ALTERNATE MELTHODS
- SUBCHRONIC AND CHRONIC TOXICITY (OTHER THAN CARCINOGENICITY)

ACETOPHENONE
[RfC] values  were removed from HEAST  Table  2.  A statement was
added to Table  1 to indicate  that the  [RfC] is  considered not
verifiable (6/25/92) by the RfD/RfC Work Group.

METHYL ETHYL KETONE
[RfC] values  were removed from HEAST Table  2.   An  indicator was
added to  Table 1 to  show that  the  chronic  inhalation  RfC  is
available on IRIS.  The chronic inhalation RfC on IRIS is adopted
as the subchronic  inhalation [RfC].
                               -11-

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C.  CHEMICAL SPECIFIC CHANGES ON HEAST TABLE 3:  CARCINOGENICITY

ALACHLOR
No change in the table.  Reference to the 1992 HEED was added.

BIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHTHALATE
No change in the table.  Reference to the 1991 DWCD was added.

BUTYL BENZYL PHTHALATE, N-
No change in the table.  Reference to the 1991 DWCD was added.

CHLOROBENZILATE
The  [EPA  Group]  classification and  oral  and  inhalation  [slope
factor] and [unit risk] values were added from the 1991 HEED.

CREOSOTE.  COAL-TAR
No change in the table.  Reference to the 1991 HEED was added.

TRICHLOROPROPANE.1.2.3-
[EPA Group]  classification was added to reflect the classification
under review by the CRAVE Work Group.


D.   CHEMICAL  SPECIFIC CHANGES  ON  HEAST TABLE  4A:   RADIONUCLIDE
CARCINOGENICITY — SLOPE FACTORS (In Units of Picocuries)

INDIUM (49).  In-114
The CASRN was corrected to read 13981-55-0.

RHODIUM (45)  Rh-106
The CASRN was corrected to read 14234-34-5.

SILVER (47)   Acf-111
The CASRN was corrected to read 157690-04-0.
E.   CHEMICAL SPECIFIC CHANGES  ON HEAST TABLE  4B:   RADIONUCLIDE
CARCINOGENICITY — SLOPE FACTORS  (In Units of Becquerels)

INDIUM (49).   In-114
The CASRN was corrected to read 13981-55-0.

RHODIUM (45)   Rh-106
The CASRN was corrected to read 14234-34-5.

SILVER (47)  Aa-111
The CASRN was corrected to read 157690-04-0.
                               -12-

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