EPA/600/3-89/083
                                            January 1990
       DATA BASE ANALYZER AND PARAMETER

ESTIMATOR (DBAPE) INTERACTIVE COMPUTER PROGRAM

                 USER'S MANUAL


                      by
                John C. Imhoff
               Robert F.  Carsel*
             John L.  Kittle,  Jr.
                Paul R. Hummel
            AQUA TERRA Consultants
            Decatur,  Georgia 30030

              ^Assessment Branch
      Environmental Research Laboratory
            Athens, Georgia 30613
         Contract  Number 68-03-3513
      ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY
     OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
    U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
            ATHENS, GEORGIA 30613

-------
                            DISCLAIMER

The information in this document has been funded wholly or in part
by the United States Environmental Protection Agency under Contract
No. 68-03-3513 with AQUA TERRA Consultants.   It  has been subject
to the Agency's  peer and administrative review,  and  it  has been
approved  for publication as an  EPA  document.  Mention  of trade
names  or  commercial  products does not  constitute  endorsement or
recommendation for use by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
                                11

-------
                             FOREWORD
      As  environmental controls become more costly to implement and
 the penalties of judgement errors become more severe, environmental
 quality  management requires more efficient  analytical tools based
 on greater knowledge of the environmental phenomena to be managed.
 As part  of this Laboratory's research on the occurrence, movement
 transformation, impact, and control of environmental contaminants'
 the Assessment Branch develops management or engineering tools to
 help  pollution control officials address environmental problems.

      This manual describes an interactive computer program  (DBAPE)
 which provides a  link  between two recent development products of
 the Laboratory.   The first product is a national-scale data base
 containing   both   geographic  and   soils   properties   data  for
 agricultural  soils  and  meteorologic  data;  the  second  is  an
 environmental model (RUSTIC)  designed to simulate the transport of
 field-applied pesticides  in  the crop  root  zone, the unsaturated
 zone and the saturated  zone.  DBAPE is used to search the data base
 and extract  and/or develop values  for input parameters needed to
 run RUSTIC.   In  addition  to  supporting RUSTIC  model  use, DBAPE
 provides a stand-alone environment for  (1) exploring the new data
 base, (2) clarifying the impact of data on modeled processes, (3)
 screening geographically-based data to identify potential sites for
model testing and (4)  developing  initial guidance on alternative
management strategies.
                              Rosemarie C. Russo, Ph.D.
                              Director
                              Environmental Research Laboratory
                              Athens, Georgia
                               ill

-------
                             ABSTRACT

The  Data Base  Analyzer and Parameter Estimator  (DBAPE)   is  an
interactive computer program that  provides  a link between two of
EPA's development  products — an  environmental model  and  a data
base.  DBAPE was created to encourage and support the use of the
RUSTIC model, a newly developed model that simulates the transport
of field-applied pesticides in the  crop root zone, the unsaturated
zone, and the  saturated zone.  DBAPE provides an efficient means
to obtain soils and  meteorolgic data needed to run RUSTIC from a
data base  that contains information on  over   8000 agricultural
soils  and  200  meteorologic  stations   located  throughout  the
contiguous United  States.   Soils-related  RUSTIC input that can be
obtained by using  DBAPE includes percent organic matter, wilting
point, field capacity, residual water content,  saturated hydraulic
conductivity and values for the van Genuchten parameters for the
soil-water characteristic function.  Meteorologic data  that can be
obtained include precipitation,  air  temperature, pan evaporation,
solar radiation, and windspeed.  These meteorologic data are not
distributed with DBAPE because of  their volume.  DBAPE, however,
allows the  user to identify weather stations near his/her study
sites.  Meteorologic data  for these  stations then can be obtained
from the EPA's Environmental Research Laboratory, Athens GA.

DBAPE has utility not only  as a support program to RUSTIC, but also
as a stand-alone environment for (1)  exploring the data base,  (2)
clarifying the impact  of data on modeled  processes,  (3) screening
geographically based data  to identify potential  sites for model
testing  and   (4)  developing  initial guidance  on   alternative
management  strategies.    To  support these  applications,  DBAPE
contains additional  capabilities that are not  exclusively related
to  supporting  RUSTIC model  usage.   These include computation of
functional relationships for soil water retention characteristics,
and production of  plots and maps.

This report was submitted in fulfillment of Work Assignment No. 16
of  Coixtract No. 68-03-3513 by AQUA TERRA  Consultants under the
sponsorship  of the  U.S.  Environmental Protection  Agency.   This
report  covers  a period from October 1988 to September 1989, and
work was completed as  of September 1989.
                                IV

-------
                             CONTENTS
Disclaimer	ii
Foreword	iii
Abstract	iv
Figures	viii
Tables	xvi
Acknowledgments	  xvii

1.   Introduction 	   1
     1.1  How to Use This Manual	   1
     1.2  DBAPE Overview	   2
          1.2.1  Data Bases	   2
          1.2.2  Interaction Framework (AIDE) 	   4
          1.2.3  Program Capabilities . . 	 .....   4

2.   Program Installation and Execution 	   6
     2.1  System Requirements 	   6
          2.1.1  Hardware	   6
          2.1.2  Software	   6
     2.2  Loading Executable Code	   6
     2.3  Executing and Verifying Test Sessions 	   7

3.   Program Format and Operation 	   8
     3.1  Screen Format	  . .'	   8
          3.1.1  Data Window	   8
          3.1.2  Assistance Window  	 .   9
          3.1.3  Instruction Window 	  13
          3.1.4  Command Line	15
     3.2  Interaction Modes 	  15
     3.3  Screen Movement	16
          3.3.1  Movement Within Screens  	  18
          3.3.2  Movement Between Screens 	  20
          3.3.3  Screen Path	21

4.   Analyze	.>	23
     4.1  Define Search Criteria  .....'	  25
          4.1.1  Define Type of Soil for Search	26
          4.1.2  Define Soils Properties for Search 	  28
          4.1.3  Define Geographic Area of Interest	31
          4.1.4  Define Mode of Buffer Management for
               Search	34
     4.2  Find Soils Which Satisfy Search Criteria  	  36
     4.3  Order Soils in Buffer	38

-------
          4.3.1  Order Soils by Soil Number	40
          4.3.2  Order Soils by Acreages	41
          4.3.3  Order Soils by Property	42
     4.4  Produce Summary Information for Soils in Buffer .  .   43
          4.4.1  Display Summary of Selected Property Values
               for Soils  .........  	 ....   44
          4.4.2  Save Summary of Selected Property Values
               for Soils	46
          4.4.3  Display Weighted Average Values for Soils
               Properties	48
          4.4.4  Save Weighted Average Values for Soils
               Properties	50
          4.4.5  Display Table of Property Value Ranges ...   52
          4.4.6  Save Table of Property Value Ranges  ....   55
     4.5  View -Search Results	   57
          4.5.1  Display Properties Details for Individual
               Soils	58
          4.5.2  Save Properties Details for Individual
               Soils	   60
          4.5.3  Produce Map Showing Location of Soils in
               Buffer	62
          4.5.4  Display and Identify NOAA First Order
               Stations	65
     4.6  Manipulate Buffer Contents  	   68
          4.6.1  Add a Soil to the Buffer	   69
          4.6.2  Delete a Soil from the Buffer  .......   71
          4.6.3  List Soils Numbers for Soils in Buffer ...   73
          4.6.4  Clear the Buffer	75
          4.6.5  Save Buffer Soils Numbers in a File  ....   77
          4.6.6  Retrieve Soils Numbers File  .	79

5.   Estimate	81
     5.1  Estimate Values for PRZM Model Parameters	82
          5.1.1  Display PRZM Estimates for Individual
               Soils	83
          5.1.2  Save PRZM Estimates for Individual Soils .  .   85
          5.1.3  Display PRZM Estimates for Weighted Soils  .   87
          5.1.4  Save PRZM Estimates for Weighted Soils ...   89
     5.2  Estimate Values for VADOFT Model Parameters ....   90
          5.2.1  Display VADOFT Estimates for Individual
               Soils	91
          5.2.2  Save VADOFT Estimates for Individual Soils  .   93
          5.2.3  Display VADOFT Estimates for Weighted
               Soils	   95
          5.2.4  Save VADOFT Estimates for Weighted Soils .  .   97
     5.3  Develop Functional Relationships for Soil-water
          Parameters	98
          5.3.1  Select Soil Moisture Computation Option  .  .   99
          5.3.2  Display Functions Estimates Table for
               Individual Soils 	  100
                               VI

-------
          5.3.3  Plot Functions Estimates for Individual
               Soils	102
          5.3.4  Save Functions Estimates for Individual
               Soils	 106
          5.3.5  Display Functions Estimates Table for
               Weighted Soils  	 108
          5.3.6  Plot Functions Estimates for Weighted
               Soils	 109
          5.3.7  Save Functions Estimates for Weighted
               Soils	Ill

6.   Example Sessions 	 112
     6.1  Analyze Soils Data Base (Example 1)	112
     6.2  Estimate Parameters Using Soils Data Base  (Example
          2)  . . .	140
     6.3  Display and Identify Meteorologic Stations
          (Example 3)	172

References  .	 . 179

Appendices

A.   Project Background and Objectives  	 182
B.   Data Base Development and Contents .	184
C.   DBAPE Structure Charts 	 198
D.   Computation Procedures for Parameter Estimates  	 203
E.   State and County FIPS Codes	212
F.   NOAA First Order Meteorologic Stations 	 231
G.   Program Error Messages 	 238
Glossary
239
                               VX1

-------
                             FIGURES
2.1  Display screen after installation	
3.1  Screen format utilized by DBAPE	
3.2  Example of information contained in a STATUS message.
3.3  Example instruction message in instruct window	
3.4  Example error message in instruct window	
4.1  Selection of the Define option on the Analyze (A)
     screen	
4.2  Selection of the Type option of the Define (AD)
     screen	
4.3  Type (ADT) screen used to define soils categories for  a
     search	
4.4  Selection of the Property option of the Define (AD)
     screen	
4.5  Selection of the Select option of the Property (ADP)
     screen	
4.6  Soil properties selection screen for defining search
     criteria	
4.7  Selection of the Geographic option of the Define (AD)
     screen	
4.8  Selection of geographic area of interest using the
     Geographic (ADG) screen	
4.9  Regions (ADGR) screen used to define EPA Region(s)  as
     the geographic extent of a search	
4.10 State (ADGS)  screen used to define state(s)  as the
     geographic extent of a search	
4.11 Selection of the Mode option of the Define (AD)
     screen	
4.12 Mode (ADM) screen used to select a mode for updating
     the buffer for the pending search	
4.13 Selection of the Find option on the Analyze (A)
     screen	
4.14 Selection of an option for viewing the progress of a
     geographic search using the Find (AF) screen	
4.15 Selection of the Order option on the Analyze (A)
     screen	
4.16 Selection of a parameter for ordering the soils in the
     search buffer by using the Order (AO) screen	
4.17 Number (AON)  screen options selected to cause ordering
     of soils in buffer by ascending soil number	
4.18 Acreage (AOA) screen options selected to cause ordering
     of soils in buffer by descending acreage	
 7
 9
13
14
14

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41
                              Vlll

-------
4.19 Selection of property, zone, and ordering options on
     the Properties (AOP) screen. 	
4.20 Selection of the Summarize option on the Analyze (A)
     screen	r".	
4.21 Screen options selected to display summary table of
     selected parameter values for soils	
4.22 Display of selected parameter values for soils in
     buffer.	
4.23 Screen options selected to save summary table of
     selected parameter values for soils. .	
4.24 Save (ASS)  screen for saving selected parameter values
     for soils in buffer to a file	
4.25 Screen options selected to display weighted average
     values for soils properties	
4.26 Display of weighted average values and sample size for
     selected parameters based on soils in buffer	
4.27 Screen options selected to save weighted average values
     for soils properties.	
4.28 Save (ASS)  screen used for saving weighted average
     property values for soils in buffer to a file.   .  . . .
4.29 Screen options selected to display ranges for soil
     property values	
4.30 Display of range information for selected parameter
     values of soils in buffer	
4.31 Histogram display of selected parameter values of soils
     in buffer	
4.32 Screen options selected to save ranges for soils
     property values.  ..;-.....	
4.33 Save (ASS)  screen used to save range values for
     properties of soils in buffer to a file	
4.34 Selection of the View option on the Analyze (A)
     screen	
4.35 Selection of the Display option on the View (AV)
     screen.  	 	
4.36 Screen displaying properties for individual soils.  . . .
4.37 Selection of the Save .option on the View (AV)  screen.
4.38 Save (AVS)  screen for saving the properties details for
     individual soils in the buffer to a file	
4.39 Selection of the Save option on the View (AV)  screen.
4.40 Map (AVM) screen options selected to produce map
     showing location of soils in the buffer. 	 . .
4.41 Map showing location of soils in buffer	
4.42 Selection of the Map option on the View (AV) screen. . .
4.43 Map (AVM) screen options selected to produce map
     showing location of soils in buffer and first order
     stations	
4.44 Map showing location of soils in buffer and first order
     stations	
4.45 Selection of the Buffer option on the Analysis  (A)
     screen	 .
4.46 Selection of the Add option on the Buffer (AB) screen. .
42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58
58
60

61
62

63
64
65



66

67

68
69
                                IX

-------
4.47 Specification of a soil number to be added to the
     buffer by using the Add (AB) screen	  .  .  .
4.48 Selection of the Delete option on the Buffer (AB)
     screen	
4.49 Specification of a soil number to be deleted from the
     buffer by using the Delete  (ABD) screen	  .  .  .
4.50 Selection of the List option on the Buffer (AB)
     screen	
4.51 Listing of the soil numbers in the buffer by using the
     List (ABL) screen	
4.52 Selection of the Clear option on the Buffer (AB)
     screen	
4.53 Selection of the Yes option on the Clear (ABC)  screen
     to empty the buffer	
4.54 Selection of the Save option on the Buffer (AB)
     screen	  .  .  .
4.55 Save (ABS) screen for saving the soil numbers in the
     buffer to a file	  .  .  .
4.56 Selection of the Get option on the Buffer (AB)  screen.  .
4.57 Get (ABG) screen for retrieving soil numbers in a
     buffer from a file	  .  .  .
5.1  Selection of Przm option on the Estimate (E)  screen.  .  .
5.2  Screen options selected to display Przm estimates for
     individual soils	  .  .  .
5.3  Display screen for individual soils for the Przm option
     of Estimate	
5.4  Screen options selected to save PRZM  estimates for
     individual soils	
5.5  Save screen for the Przm option of Estimate	
5.6  Screen options selected to display PRZM estimates for
     weighted soils	
5.7  Display screen for weighted soils for the Przm option
     of Estimate	  .  .  .
5.8  Screen options selected to save PRZM estimates for
     weighted soils	
5.9  Selection of the Vadoft option on the Estimate (E)
     screen	  .  .  .
5.10 Screen options selected to display VADOFT estimates for
     individual soils	
5.11 Display screen for individual soils for the Vadoft
     option of Estimate	
5.12 Screen options selected to save VADOFT estimates for
     individual soils	
5.13 Save screen for the Vadoft option of Estimate	
5.14 Screen options selected to display VADOFT estimates for
     weighted soils	
5.15 Display screen for weighted soils for the Vadoft option
     of Estimate	
5.16 Screen options selected to save VADOFT estimates for
     weighted soils	
70

71

72

73

74

75

76

77

78
79

80
82

83

84

85
86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93
94

95

96

97

-------
5.17 Selection of the Functions option on the Estimate (E)
     screen.	•
5.18 Screen options selected to display Functions estimates
     for individual soils	
5.19 Display screen for individual soils for the Functions
     option of Estimate	
5.20 Screen options selected to plot Functions estimates for
     individual soils	
5.21 Graph options screen for the Functions option of
     Estimate.	
5.22 Example of pressure head vs water content results from
     using the Graph option of the Functions screen	
5.23 Example of water content vs relative permeability
     results from using the Graph option of the Functions
     screen	
5.24 Screen options selected to save Functions estimates for
     individual soils	
5.25 Save screen for the Functions option of Estimate.  .  . .
5.26 Screen options selected to display Functions estimates
     for weighted soils.  	 	
5.27 Screen options selected to plot Functions estimates for
     weighted soils.  . 	 	
5.28 Screen options selected to save Functions estimates for
     weighted soils	
6.1  Selection o.f the Analyze option on the Opening screen. ,
6.2  Selection of the Define option on the Analyze (A)
     screen	
6.3  Selection of the Type option on the Define  (AD)
     screen.	
6.4  Initial appearance of the Type (ADT) screen	
6.5  Type  (ADT) screen options selected to search all prime
     agricultural soils	
6.6  Selection of the Property option on the Define (AD)
     screen.		
6.7  Selection of the None option on the Property (ADP)
     screen	
6.8  Selection of the Geographic option on the Define  (AD)
     screen.  .	•	
6.9  Selection of the States option on the Geographic  (ADG)
     screen	
6.10 Initial appearance of the State  (ADGS) screen	
6.11 State  (ADGS) screen options selected to search all of
     New York state	
6.12 Selection of the Return option on the Define (AD)
     screen	
6.13 Selection of the Find option on the Analyze  (A)
     screen	•  .  .  .
6.14 Selection of the Display option on the Find  (AF)
     screen	
6.15 Display  (AFD) screen options selected for graphic
     display of geographic search	
 98

100

100

102

103

104


105

106
107

108

109

111
113

113

114
114

115

116

116

117

117
118

119

119

120

120

121
                                XI

-------
 6.16  Text display of geographic search status	
 6.17  Graphic display of geographic search status	
 6.18  Selection of the Define option on the Analyze (A)
      screen	
 6.19  Selection of the Property option on the Define (AD)
      screen	
 6.20  Selection of the Select option on the Property (ADP)
      screen	
 6.21  Initial appearance of Select (ADPS)  screen	
 6.22  Select (ADPS)  screen options selected to specify a
      search for potatoes.	
 6.23  Selection of the Mode option on the Define  (AD)
      screen	'.	
 6.24  Selection of the Subset option on the Mode  (ADM)
      screen	,
 6.25  Selection of the Return option on the Define  (AD)
      screen	
 6.26  Selection of the Find option on the Analyze (A)
      screen	
 6.27  Find (AF)  screen display showing final results of soils
      properties data  base  search	
 6.28  Selection of the Display option on the Find (AF)
      screen	
 6.29  Display (AFD)  screen  options selected for graphic
      display of geographic search status	
 6.30  Graphic display  of geographic search status	
 6.31  Text display of  geographic search status.   .......
 6.32  Selection of the Order option on the Analyze  (A)
      screen	 .  .  .
 6.33  Selection of the Property option on  the  Order  (AO)
      screen	 .  .  .
 6.34  Initial  appearance of Property (AOP)  screen	
 6.35  Property (AOP) screen options selected to sort, in
      descending order,  high sand  content  in the  surface
      zone	
 6.36  Selection of the View option on the  Analyze (A)
      screen	 .  .  .
 6.37  Selection of the Display  option from the View  (AV)
      screen	
 6.38  Display  (AVD) screen  showing detailed summary of first
      soil in buffer (status window on)	 .  .  .
 6.39  Display  (AVD) screen  showing detailed summary of first
      soil in the buffer (status window off)	
 6.40 Selection of the  Save  option on the  View (AV) screen.
 6.41  Initial appearance of the Save  (AVS)  screen for the
     View option  of Analyze	
6.42 Save (AVS) screen  modified to save detailed summary of
     soils  in the buffer to a  file	
6.43 Selection of the Return option  on the View  (AV)
     screen	
 121
 122

 123

 124

 124
 125

 125

 126

 126

 127

 128

 128

 129

 129
 130
 131

 131

 132
 133


 133

 134

 134

135

135
136

137

137

138
                               xii

-------
6.44 Selection of the Return option on the Analyze (A)
     screen	
6.45 Selection of the Return option on the Opening screen.
6.46 Selection of the Analyze option on the Opening screen.  .
6.47 Selection of the Define option on the Analyze (A)
     screen.  ......  	
6.48 Selection of the Type option on the Define (AD)
     screen	•
6.49 Initial appearance of the Type (ADT) screen	
6.50 Type (ADT)  screen options selected to search for all
     prime agricultural soils	
6.51 Selection of the Property option on the Define (AD)
     screen	
6.52 Selection of the None option on the Property (ADP)
     screen	•	
6.53 Selection of the Geographic option on the Define  (AD)
     screen	••
6.54 Selection of the States option on the Geographic  (ADG)
     screen	
6.55 Initial appearance of the States (ADGS) screen	
6.56 States (ADS) screen options selected to search only
     Long Island	
6.57 Selection of the Return option on the Define (AD)
     screen	
6.58 Selection of the Find option on the Analyze (A)
     screen	.  . .  .
6.59 Selection of the Display option on the Find (AF)
     screen	
6.60 Display (AFD) options selected for graphic Display of
     geographic  search status	 .  .
6.61 Text display of geographic search status	
6.62 Graphic display of geographic search status	
6.63 Selection of the Define option on the Analyze (A)
     screen	
6.64 Selection of the Property option on the.Define  (AD)
     screen	
6.65 Selection of the Select option on the Property  (ADP)
     screen	
6.66 Initial appearance of the Select  (ADS) screen.  	
6.67 Select (ADS) screen options selected to search for
     potatoes	
6.68 Selection of the Mode option on the Define (AD)
     screen	—
6.69 Selection of the Subset option on the Mode (ADM)
     screen	
6.70 Selection of the Return option on the Define (AD)
     screen	
6.71 Selection of the Find option on the Analyze (A)
     screen	
6.72 Find  (AF) screen display showing final results of soils
     properties  data base search	
 138
 139
 140

 141

 141
 142

 143

 143

 144

 144

 145
 146

 146

 147

 147

 148

 148
,149
 150

 151

 151

 152
 152

 153

 153

 154

 155

 155

 156
                               Xlll

-------
 6.73

 6.74

 6.75
 6.76
 6.77

 6.78

 6.79

 6.80

 6.81

 6.82

 6.83

 6.84

 6.85

 6.86

 6.87

 6.88

 6.89

 6.90

 6.91

 6.92

 6.93

 6.94

 6.95

 6.96

6.97

6.98
6.99
 Selection of the Display option on the Find (AF)
 screen	
 Display (AFD)  screen options selected for graphic
 display of geographic search status	
 Text display of geographic search status	
 Graphic display of geographic search status	
 Selection of the Return option on the Analyze  (A)
 screen	
 Selection of the Estimate option on the Opening
 screen	
 Selection of the Przm option on the Estimate  (E)
 screen	
 Przm (EP)  screen options selected to display PRZM
 estimates for individual soils	
 Display (EPD)  screen for individual soils for  the Przm
 option of Estimate	
 Przm (EP)  screen options selected to display weighted
 parameter values	
 Display screen for weighted  soils for the Przm option
 of Estimate	
 Przm (EP)  screen options selected to save PRZM
 estimates for  weighted soils	
 Initial appearance of Save (EPS)  screen for the Przm
 option of Estimate	,
 Save (EPS)  screen modified to save weighted PRZM
 parameter estimation results to a file	
 Przm (EP)  screen displayed during return  to Estimate
 (E)  screen.	
 Selection of the Vadoft option on the Estimate (E)
 screen	
 Vadoft (EV) screen options selected to display VADOFT
 estimates  for  individual  soils	
 Display screen for individual  soils for the VADOFT
 option of  Estimate	
 Vadoft (EV) screen options selected to display weighted
 parameter  values		
 Display screen for weighted  soils  for the Vadoft option
 of Estimate	
Vadoft (EV) screen options selected to save VADOFT
 estimates  for  weighted  soils.   	
 Initial  appearance of Save.(EVS)  screen for the Vadoft
 option of  Estimate	
 Save  (EVS) screen  modified to  save  weighted VADOFT
parameter  estimation results to a  file	
Vadoft  (EV) screen displayed during return to  Estimate
 (E) screen	
Selection  of the Return option on the  Estimate  (E)
screen	
Selection  of the Return option on the Opening  screen.
Select  (ADPS)  screen options selected to search for
soils supporting peanuts	
 156

 157
 157
 158

 159

 160

 160

 161

 161

 162

 162

 163

 164

 164

 165

 165

 166

 166

 167

 168

 168

169

169

170

170
171

173
                               XIV

-------
6.100 States (ADGS) screen options selected to search all of
     the state of Georgia.	173
6.101 Selection of the View option on the Analyze (A)
     screen	••• 174
6.102 Selection of the Map option on the View (AV) screen.   . 174
6.103 Map (AVM) screen options selected to map locations of
     soils and first order stations.  .	 175
6.104 Display  (AVMD) options selected for map of locations
     of soils and first order stations.	•  • 175
6.105 Map displaying locations of soils and first order
     stations	•	• • • • •  •  • • •  -.176
6.106 Selection of the Return option on the View  (AV)
     screen.   .	 177
6.107 Selection of the Return option on the Analyze  (A)
     screen.	• •	• I77
6.108 Selection of the Return option on the Opening  screen.  . 178
B.I  Counties with data available in the DBAPE data  base. .  . 187
B.2  Counties with NO data available in the DBAPE data
     base.	• -.-  • 188
B.3  Example DBAPE screen showing soils properties for which
     data are  available in the soils data base	.  . 189
B.4  Counties  containing PI soils . .  	 . .  .  ...  • 191
B.5  Counties  containing P4 soils	 192
B.6  Counties  containing PO soils	193
B.7  Counties  containing ML soils	 194
C.I  Structure chart for top levels of the DBAPE  program.  .  . 199
C.2  Structure chart for the DASPEC section of DBAPE  .  ,  .  . 200
C.3  Structure chart for the DADISP section of DBAPE  .... 201
C.4  Structure chart for the PRZPRM section of DBAPE  .... 201
C.5  Structure chart for the VADPRM section of DBAPE  .  .  .  .202
F.I  NOAA first order meteorologic stations known to DBAPE   . 232
                                xv

-------
                              TABLES


3.1  Commands for Application of DBAPE	16
3.2  Keystrokes and Their Results 	  17
4.1  Valid Parameter Names for Defining Searches or
      Ordering Buffer Soils	30
4.2  Valid Parameter Names for Generating Summary
      Information	,	45
B.I  Soil Texture Classes	 189
B.2  Potential Crops Tabulated in DBAPE Soils Data Base .  .  . 190
D.I  Development Strategies for Low, Midpoint and High
      Parameter Estimates 	 206
D.2  Texture-dependent Coefficients for Childs and
      Collis-George Model 	  .... 209
                               xvi

-------
                         ACKNOWLEDGMENTS


Development of the DBAPE program was made possible by the efforts
and support  of a number  of  individuals and organizations.   The
United States Geological Survey is acknowledged for providing the
software that enables mapping of national, EPA regional, state and
county boundaries in  DBAPE.   Dr.  Alan  Lumb  and Kathleen Flynn of
the  Office  of  Surface  Water  in  Reston,  VA,  also  provided
meteorologic data for NOAA first-order stations.

Guidance  for developing effective  strategies  for human-computer
interaction  in DBAPE  was provided  by Dr.   Albert Badre  of the
Georgia  Institute  of  Technology  who  served  as  a  technical
consultant for the duration of this project.

For  AQUA TERRA  Consultants, John  Imhoff  and  Jack  Kittle  were
responsible  for determining the program reguirements and designing
the  DBAPE  code.    Mr.  Imhoff  had primary responsibility for
developing  the parameter estimation code and  writing  the users
manual.  Mr. Kittle was the Work Assignment Manager and had primary
responsibility  for the data base  analysis code,  including the
incorporation  of  plotting and mapping  capabilities.   Paul Hummel
coded and tested many of DBAPE«s capabilities, focusing his efforts
on  effective  use of  the AIDE  toolkit for  interactive program
development.   Mr.  Hummel  also developed Section 6 of the manual.
Anthony Donigian and Brian Bicknell provided reviews and comments.

The  soils data base  used by DBAPE was developed under Mr. Robert
Carsel's  supervision at the Environmental Research Laboratory  in
Athens,  GA.   The efforts  of  Ava  Ivery,  Jeff Mullins, Michele
Manning   and Tina  Blackwell  in  preparing  the  data   base are
appreciated.
                               xvn

-------

-------
                            SECTION 1

                           INTRODUCTION
The  Data Base  Analyzer  and Parameter  Estimator  (DBAPE)  is  a
practical  tool   for  (1)  analyzing  an  environmental  data  base
containing geographic and soils properties data and location/record
summaries for meteorologic stations and  (2) estimating parameters
for subsurface flow models.

DBAPE was created to  encourage  and support the  use of the RUSTIC
model (Dean et al.,  1989),  a newly developed model which simulates
the transport of field-applied  pesticides in the crop root zone,
the unsaturated zone and the saturated zone.   DBAPE has additional
utility  as  a stand-alone environment  for (1) exploring the data
base, (2) clarifying the impact of data  on modeled processes, (3)
screening geographically-based data to identify potential sites for
model testing and  (4)  developing initial guidance on alternative
management strategies.

Because  DBAPE is  a practical,  rather  than  a  research-oriented
product, this users manual is designed to emphasize easy-to-locate
and  easy-to-understand instructions  for using  the program.   To
accomplish this goal,  the main body of the manual focuses only on
how to use the DBAPE program. Details on project history, theory,
data  bases,  program  structure  and estimation  methodologies are
found in the appendices.

1.1  HOW TO  USE THIS  MANUAL

Three  approaches to  using  this  manual   are  suggested  for three
different  types of  users:    (1)  the  "hands-on, learn-as-you-go"
user,  (2)  the first-time user and (3) the experienced user.  The
experienced  user is defined as one who  is already familiar with the
basic capabilities  and operational aspects of DBAPE and wishes to
use  the  program  to  perform specific tasks.

Hands-on.  Learn-as-vou-ao  Users

  (1) Read  Section  2 for instructions on  model  installation and
     execution.

-------
  , (2)  Install DBAPE and execute the test runs to verify that the
       program is properly installed.

  (3)  Try the example sessions described in Section 6.

 First-time Users

  (1)  Read the  remainder of  Section  1,  the  overview of  DBAPE
       capabilities.   If you need more details on the data bases or
       the DBAPE estimation procedures in order to determine whether
       the program meets your needs, refer  to Appendices B  and  D.

  (2)  Read Section 3  to  familiarize  yourself with  DBAPE  program
       format  and  operation.

  (3)  Read Section 2,  install  DBAPE and execute the  test runs.

  (4)  Try the example sessions in Section  6.

  (5)  Review  Appendix C,  the  program  structure charts, to get  a
       feel for the organization of the  DBAPE  program.

  (6)  Try using DBAPE to  perform analysis  and estimation tasks of
       your  own   design.    Consult  Sections  4   and   5  to   get
       instructions on  how to perform  tasks  of  which  you  are
       uncertain.

 Experienced Users

  (1)   Read Section 2,  install  DBAPE and execute the test runs.

  (2)  Refer to Sections 4 and  5 as needed  to  perform analysis  and
       estimation tasks.

  (3)  Consult Appendices D (estimate methods) , E (state  and county
      FIPS codes), F  (meteorologic stations)  and G  (program error
      messages) as needed.
1.2  DBAPE OVERVIEW

1.2.1  Data Bases

DBAPE  interacts  with three data bases:   a geographic soils data
base, a soils properties data base and a meteorologic data base.
The complete soils data  bases  and a summary file of meteorologic
station locations and record lengths are distributed with the DBAPE
program.  Timeseries of meteorologic data  for stations of interest
must  be  obtained  separately   from the   Environmental  Research
Laboratory, Athens,  GA (Mr. Robert Carsel; phone (404)   546-3476
FTS 250-3476).

-------
Both the geographic and  soils  properties data bases include data
on four categories of agricultural soils.  These are:

o PI  (prime agricultural soils under nonirrigated conditions)

o P4  (prime agricultural soils under irrigated conditions)

o PO  (other than prime soils)  and

o ML  (agricultural soils most likely to leach chemicals).

Appendix  B provides  a full description of the  development and
contents of the soils data bases.


Geographic Soils Data Base

The  geographic data  base for  DBAPE contains  a summary  of the
density  (# of acres)  of each  of approximately 9000  soils  on a
county  basis  for  the contiguous United States.    Data  are not
available  for  a  limited  number of counties in which either  (1) a
census has not been taken for agricultural soils or (2)  they do not
exist.  Figure B.I  in Appendix  B  indicates the counties for which
data exist  in  the DBAPE  soils data base.
Soil Properties  Data Base

For all the soils tabulated in the geographic soils data base, the
soils  properties data base contains  information  for up to three
morphological    zones    (surface,   subsoil,   and   substratum).
Definitions for, these zones are provided in the glossary.  For each
zone,   characteristics  of   depth  (in  centimeters),   textural
classification   (e.g.,  sandy  loam,  clay  loam,   etc.),  particle
texture  (percent sand and clay), bulk density (megagrams per cubic
meter) , organic matter (percent) ,  and available water (cubic meters
water  per cubic meter soil volume) are provided.   For  each data
type,  low and high values are given to define a range.  In addition
to the above  information,  the SCS soils hydrologic group (A, B,  C
or D) and crop potential (from 65  potential crops)  for the soil are
also catalogued.

Meteorologic  Station  Locations and Record  Length  Data Base

This data base is partially on-line and partially off-line.  The
on-line  component consists of coordinate information which defines
the  location  of all  NOAA first  order stations.   The  off-line
component consists of station  record  length data contained  in
Appendix F.

-------
 In addition  DBAPE  can generate  solar radiation and  evaporation
 timeseries utilizing data from a meteorologic data base which  is
 currently being developed by EPA Athens.  At the present time,  this
 data base is  not  an active  component of  the  DBAPE package.
 However,   since pending  enhancements  are  likely to  expand the
 analysis  functions of DBAPE to interact with this data base  it
 also, is  described in Appendix B.                                '

 1.2.2   Interaction Framework  (AIDE)

 DBAPE has been developed using the ANNIE Interaction  Development
 Environment  (AIDE)  (Kittle  et  al.,  1989).   Consequently,  user
 interaction within  the program is standardized in terms of screen
 formats,  movement  within and between  screens,  and  methods of
 entering  data,  seeking on-line assistance and invoking commands.
 A  full  explanation  of the conventions  used  is provided in Section
 •5 •

 1.2.3   Program  Capabilities

 DBAPE enables (1)  analysis of an environmental  data base containing
 geographic and soils properties data and  location/record summaries
 for meteorologic stations, (2)  parameter  estimation for subsurface
 flow models and (3) generation of  daily solar  radiation  and pan
 evaporation timeseries for model applications.  DBAPE can perform
 several tasks:

Analyze

  o  Identify individual soils which  satisfy one or  more  search
     attributes;   allowable  search  attributes  are  geographic
     occurrence (in contiguous US,  EPA region, state, or county),
     zone  depth  (for  surface,  subsoil and  substratum),  soil
     texture  class,  percent  sand,  percent clay, bulk  density,
     percent  organic matter, available water, hydrologic group and
     potential  crops

  o  Display  properties  or geographic occurrence for individual
     soils by table or map

  o  Order (sort  and rank)  the soils  satisfying  search  criteria
     according  to any numerical property contained in the soils
     data base

 o  Produce  areally-weighted  average  values for soil properties

 o  Display  areally weighted-average  values for soil properties

-------
      Generate output  files for  individual  or  weighted-average
      soils analyses

      Identify NOAA first order meteorologic station(s) nearest to
      an area identified by a geographic search
Estimate

  o   Estimate model parameter values based on data for individual
      soils; parameter values estimated  are  wilting point, field
      capacity,  residual  water   content,   saturated  hydraulic
      conductivity,  and van Genuchten parameters for the soil-water
      characteristic function

  o   Display parameter estimates for individual soils

  o   Produce  areally-weighted  average  estimates  for  parameter
      values
                                  £
  o   Display weighted-average parameter estimates by tables

  o   Generate parameter estimate  output files for individual or
      weighted-average soils

  o   Estimate functional relationships  for  soil-water retention
      parameters; relationships estimated are pressure head versus
      saturation and saturation versus relative permeability

  o   Produce  plots for  functional relationships  on  screen or
      printer

  o   Generate input data for RUSTIC model

-------
                            SECTION  2

                PROGRAM INSTALLATION AND EXECUTION
USE THIS  SECTION FOR INSTRUCTIONS ON HOW TO INSTALL, EXECUTE AND
VERIFY THE DBAPE PROGRAM AND DATA BASE.

This section describes how to install and test the DBAPE software
on the  user's computer.  Hardware  and  software requirements are
discussed.   Exact details of installation  are  included with the
distribution media (diskette or tape) obtained from the EPA Center
for  Exposure  Assessment Modeling   (CEAM)  at the  Environmental
Research  Laboratory  in  Athens,  Georgia.    If  problems  are
experienced with DBAPE, the user should  initially contact CEAM for
support.   See the README.1ST  document  for the  CEAM address amd
telephone number.

2.1  SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

2.1.1  Hardware

DBAPE was developed  with  an IBM-PC compatible computer  as the
primary target machine.   The PC  must have 640  KB of memory and
approximately  4  MB of free disk  space  (DBAPE with  limited soils
data or no maps  requires about  2  MB of  free disk space).   A math
coprocessor is strongly recommended.

Additional  machines  which  should  run  DBAPE  include  Digital
Equipment  Corporation VAX  computers running  the VMS  operation
system,   Prime   50  Series  computer  running  PRIMOS  and    Sun
Microsystems workstations running UNIX.   Contact CEAM for details
of support on this and other hardware.

2.1.2  Software

DBAPE is  written in FORTRAN 77.   If compilation of  the  code  is
required,  a FORTRAN compiler and linker are required.

Graphics in DBAPE use the ANSI Graphical Kernel  System (GKS).  If
the map  and graph features are to  be used, then GKS device drivers
are required for the user's output and input devices.  Consult CEAM
for additional information about obtaining these device drivers.

-------
2.2  LOADING EXECUTABLE CODE

Included with  the distribution media  for DBAPE is  a README.1ST
document  and  file   that   provides  detailed  instructions  for
installing the program.

2.3  EXECUTING AND VERIFYING TEST SESSIONS

In order to  test the installation  of  DBAPE,  the following check
should be performed by the user.   First, execute the DBAPE program
(on the PC type DBAPE).  Next type  the following keys( is the
enter key,  is the F2 function  key):

                ADTNNNRPR

The screen in Figure  2.1 should appear on the display screen.  If
is does not,  review the -installation instructions carefully before
calling CEAM for support.  To return to the operating system type
the key R.


**************************************************************
****** WELCOME TO "DBAPE11 ******
****** DATE JANUARY 12, 1988, REV. SEPTEMBER 25, 1989 ******
**************************************************************
Select an option.
fmiy$* - soa^O?** pre«pwty«iM^8Bftgw8P&& "*rt« &*«
Estimate - estimate parameter values for RUSTIC
Return - back to operating system

Type: ML soil Geographic: None
Mode: Add to buffer Properties: All
Search: Complete
Buffer: 240 soils

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
Help:f| Next:H status:il Qul"et:ll xPad:ll Cmnd

          Figure 2.1.   Display screen after  installation.
 Further tests of DBAPE  are found in Section  6.   These test  the
 operation of  the  program in  more  detail  and  demonstrate  the
 program's capabilities.

-------
                             SECTION 3

                   PROGRAM FORMAT AND OPERATION
 USE THIS SECTION FOR  GENERAL  INSTRUCTIONS ON HOW TO OPERATE  THE
 DBAPE PROGRAM.

 DBAPE has been developed using the ANNIE  Interaction Development
 Environment (Annie-IDE)  (Kittle et al., 1989).  Consequently, user-
 interaction within  the program is  standardized in terms of screen
 formats,  movement  within  and between  screens,   and  methods  of
 entering data,  seeking on-line assistance and  invoking commands.

 3.1  Screen Format

 Figure 3.1  defines  the basic layout of a DBAPE  screen.   Layout is
 consistent  for all screens used by the program, with specific kinds
 of  information always located at  the  same region of the  screen.
 Screen information  is  divided  into four components: three  windows
 (data window,  assistance  window,  instruction  window)  and   the
 command line.   For  convenience,  the dimensions,  content,   and
 important  features  of the  four  screen components are  summarized
 along the periphery of the  screen area in  the figure.

 3.1.1  Data Window

 The top portion of the screen is the  data window.   The data window
 contents consist of one  or  more of the following.
  (1)  prompts  for  user-supplied  decisions
      selection
by  means  of  menu
  (2)  prompts for user-supplied data by means of form fill-in

  (3)  echoes for current state of data

  (4)  analysis or estimation results

Two user-controlled  sizes for the data window  are  used.   In the
default layout, the assistance window is not displayed, resulting
in  a  two window,  one  command  line screen  (see Figure  3.3 for
example).   If the user desires any  of the forms  of assistance
described in Section  3.1.2,  then the data window is reduced in size
to accommodate the assistance window (see Figure 3.1).
                                8

-------


















g
c
2

5

<
1-
<
C
























3
H
«
O
3
U
u
c
C
c/

c

<
u
p
iV-
i
c
=

;

H
«
1



t- IS O CO
<: o z
a. a *-». co o
e£ z 3 uj •—
o o *-* *~ o o »-
H- z w :z a a: <
a. — a: z o a: :£ u a
«-«>-UJQ*—UJUJIDZUJ
a£ u_ t— u» 3 a. 3E »-i >-
o -* u z *o ~ -J •<
CO O < — • O < X— 1— I
uj uj a: u- »— u- < o (i.
QQ.-
a: ,0 ** co z z> iu t— _j
OO •-• < CO CO — 1 •-• H-
CO O O CO I— Z UJ «— 3 Z
H- co co o o: "- uj
or a: < —• — « o o£
ui uj a. co co ££ < ui CK
<3 t v-* ~p -
i
5
u
c
2
<
t-
C/
tf
c/
<

f
H
co u
Z 3
§ S~£
X §§ =
o a. u
Q; vx X U
O ^ a
z c
co < o: c/
=1 a: iu
1— O CO O
< 0 => E
1— 0£ U
CO O. >-
ca u
• >- c.
co ca a: 2
I— O <
*-i a h-
z: LU <^ c/
J •— 3 Z
> 1- €/
o < «
CO 0£ 1—
a a. co a
z * u

ic-
: c
> 3
> <
5!
. c
J U
) _
: a
C 1
- _
) -
1 <
\<
U
i c
j
3 V
» g
i •-
J H
J •-
- U
J U
2 C



> u
*
: 2
: c
i 5
) CO 3
Ul Z O
1 => O CO C
J _ 1 —• OH U
1 < 1— UJ 2
c>g§-
, UJ 0£ »-* U
• CO U, UJ
C2zo£g
>&Ǥ!
,B|*|
:S«|J
• Ul Ul 3
- Z CO LU -
1 < >- CO _


i
: co co o
C 1— Z> u
: — • i— o Q
: z < < z
> « »- a. »-
> — 1 CO X <
u
u
































J
J




£

C
}


J
3
£
t
C
^



>
1
1
J
1
i

:
>
4
;

i

i
;§
: co
< z
||
:i
i| §
^
5e

z
i 0
: i—
> 0

C cd
1 t-
co
z





0)
Q.
8

0)


E
O

;8r:
ittfr:-
T3
(D
Q.
X

•to:*

4J

"5
o



•jufc?

CO


£

**Aj":
X UJ
(D Z

_l

:S^:| O
• •*' «t
Q. Z
-
UJ
CO ^
z
o ui
l-i .J
1— 00
0 «t
ID t—
a: Q.
t- Ul
CO CJ
z u
C£
O Q O
C£ Ul t-
o: t— co
Ul < UJ CO
gui ^ ui
Z CO CO
Ui CO 3
t— C3 UJ
CJ Z CO
rj ro z i—
c£ ui a: cj
i— x i— o tu
co co a: a:
Z 00 >- OC —t
«-i N- co uj a


CO
O CO
•-"I— LU
co z a:
LU Z Ul ID
	 1 LU h- >—

•-t i— O LU
1— Q O u.

*
4C
*
LU UJ
CO —1
— 1 m
U- 1 —
CO O
O LU
Z >- LU

_ 1 Ul >
<£ CJ
> Ul CO
*t CL O
X Z
a: ui «t
£ >- i
ca o
CO CJ
§o
Ul u.
— • a: 0
t— UJ
«< o t—
i-^ c£ UJ
> O «
UJ
a: iu o
co ac uj
OQ < N

CO O
u. o a:
•r- O Z <

-------
 Conversely,  the  assistance window can  be eliminated  from  the
 screen,  thus  expanding the data  window, by  invoking the  QUIET
 command () .  DBAPE  accommodates up  to 50 lines  of data  and
 enables scrolling in the data window by using cursor keys when the
 data size  exceeds  the  window size.    The  range  of data  lines
 currently displayed in the window is indicated on the bottom right
 hand border of the  data window  (e.g.,  "lines  1 to 16 of  data").
 The title  of the window and a series  of one  letter codes  which
 identify the sequence of screens which  have  led  up  to the  current
 screen  is  displayed on the upper  left hand border  of the  data
 window.   Further explanation  of   the  "screen  path"  feature is
 provided in Section 3.3.3.

 3.1.2   Assistance Window

 Several  types of  user assistance are available  within DBAPE.   Some
 assistance  is provided  by  DBAPE,  and  a limited  amount  may be
 supplied by the program user.  A layered approach to assistance is
 used in  DBAPE as  follows.

  (1)  Use of .descriptive and  unique words  or  abbreviations  for
      field or menu option names in the data window always provides
      "first-cut" definitions.

  (2)  When space allows,  additional information  in the data window
      near the  data field or  menu option  clarifies  the desired
      information.

  (3)  If additional  parameter- or  screen-specific  assistance is
      available,  it is supplied, upon request by the user, in  the
      assistance window.  Two types of screen-dependent assistance
      can be displayed  in the assistance window:   HELP and LIMITS.

  (4)  If assistance of  a global   nature  (i.e., independent of
      individual screens) is available,  it, also, is displayed in
      the assistance window upon request by  the  user.  The three
      types  of global  assistance which  can be  displayed  in  the
      assistance window are CMND, STATUS and XPAD.

The  layered  "help"  in  DBAPE is designed so that  the  user must
specifically request the higher levels of assistance; consequently,
experienced users are not subjected to unnecessary information.

As  specified  above, the  assistance  window,  which is  located
directly below the data window (Figure  3.1), is used to display
the more detailed levels of assistance  (HELP, LIMITS, CMND, STATUS
and XPAD).   All types of  detailed assistance are  further described
later in this section.   The user selects one assistance type at a
time and the available  assistance of that type is displayed in the
assistance window.   The  title  of the window (i.e.,  HELP, LIMITS,
CMND, STATUS or XPAD) is displayed on the left portion  of the upper
                                10

-------
border for  the  window and corresponds to the  type of assistance
which has  been  requested by the  user.   The types of assistance
which are available for  a particular screen are indicated by the
options listed in the  command line (Section  3.1.4).  If the amount
of available  assistance exceeds  the window size,  DBAPE enables
scrolling in the window by using cursor keys.

An example of screen layout for a three-window screen is shown in
Figure 3.3.  Details on each of the assistance types which may be
displayed within the assistance window follow.

HELP

HELP assistance provides  further  information on model and system
parameters and menu options.  As noted above, HELP text is specific
to a particular  screen and can  be  scrolled  in  the assistance
window.

LIMITS

LIMITS displays the allowable  values for a  specific field in the
data window.   LIMITS  information may be  (1) maximum and minimum
acceptable numeric values or (2) a list of acceptable alphanumeric
values.  LIMITS  text is specific to the field currently highlighted
in the data window, and it, also, can be scrolled.

CMND

CMND displays the names and definitions of all active commands at
the current location within DBAPE.  The command definitions never
change.  It should  be noted, however,  that  the list of available
commands varies according to  location  within  the  program.   For
example, the  STATUS command is available only  at certain program
"levels."   The availability of commands may also be influenced by
the  contents  of  the  data  window  of  the  current screen.   For
example, the WINDOW command (Section 3.1.4)  is  only available when
two-dimensional  data  are  present  in  the  data window,  and the
scrolling commands  (UPPG, DNPG)  are only available when data for
the  current data  window exceed the window dimensions.  CMND text
can be scrolled in the assistance window.

STATUS   •

STATUS assistance displays  system status messages that summarize
previous actions  and  indicate the  relative location of the user
within the program structure.   A maximum of  10  lines  of STATUS
assistance  may be  viewed  by  the  user  at  any point  within an
application;  STATUS assistance cannot be scrolled.

The  STATUS  assistance is the user's most effective means to avoid
becoming lost or confused during a complex sequence of operations.
                                11

-------
 As an example, Figure 3.2  illustrates the information displayed in
 the STATUS  message during a data  base search in  which multiple
 search attributes  have  been  specified.  The  screen  contains  the
 following information.

  (1)   The search has been performed on the soils in the most likely
       to leach (ML)  data base.

  (2)   The soils satisfying the  search criteria have been added to
       the buffer  used for display or printout.  Mode  options  for
       include: Add to buffer (search is  performed on specified data
       base  and results  are  added  to  any  data  already  in  the
       buffer);  Subset (search is performed only on  soils  already
       contained in  the buffer);  and Clear  (buffer will be  cleared
       before  another  results of  another search enter the buffer.

  (3)   The search has been completed.  STATUS designates a search as
       either  Pending,  Active or  Complete.

  (4)   The buffer contains data for 38 soils which satisfied all  the
       search  criteria.

  (5)   The  search  was  performed  on  data for  all  states  in  the
       contiguous United States.

  (6)   Search  criteria  were  not  specified   for   soil  name   or
       hydrologic  group.    Hence  all  names  and  all  groups were
       searched.

  (7)   Only soils with a potential for growing oats are  included in
       the search results.

  (8)  Only soils with between 40  and 100 percent low sand  content
       in the surface zone are included in the search results.

XPAD

Scratch pad  (XPAD)  assistance allows the user to write notes  and
reminders during an interactive  session.  The capabilities in DBAPE
for providing this  type  of  assistance are of a basic nature.   The
user may record information in a single XPAD with a maximum width
of 78  characters and  length of 10 lines.  Regardless of where  the
user is located within the interactive session, a request for XPAD
assistance will call  up  the same XPAD with the same information.
DBAPE  enables scrolling  of XPAD information  in the assistance
window.  New notes can be  added to existing notes, and existing
notes  can be  overwritten.
                                12

-------
1


Select a geographic search display option
Text - summary of progress
PRint - map of progress
PLot - map of progress
Quit - don't do a geographic search

Type: ML soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Active
Buffer: 38 soils


Geographic: All
Properties: Name: Group: Crop:OATS
LSAND SUR 40 100 True

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.

telp:|| Next:!? Status:|| Quiet:|| Xpad:|| Dmd
 Figure 3.2.  Example of information contained in a STATUS message.
3.1.3  Instruction Window

The instruction window is always present on  every DBAPE screen.
In the screen layout, it is located below the data and assistance
windows and directly above the command  line  (see Figure 3.1).  Two
types of information are provided in the window:  instructions for
the user's  next  keystroke or  error messages  reporting incorrect
keystrokes with instructions for corrective  actions.  Depending on
which type  of  information  is  displayed by the system,  the window
title on the screen will be either "INSTRUCT" or "ERROR."  Figure
3.2 gives an example of the type of information commonly provided
in an INSTRUCT-type instruction window, and  Figure 3.4 illustrates
an ERROR-type instruction window.
                                13

-------
        -Opening screen-
               **************************************************************
               ******            WELCOME TO "DBAPE"               ******
               ****** DATE JANUARY 12, 1988,  REV. SEPTEMBER 25, 1989  ******
               *******************************************************
               Select an option.
                                  ',            , :
               Estimate - estimate parameter values for RUSTIC
               Return   - back to operating system
        r-INSTRUCT-
                           Select an option using arrow keys
                        then confirm selection with the F2 key,  or
                          Type the first  letter of an option.
       Help:!
Next.-J
Xpad:|
Cmnd
Figure  3.3.   Example  instruction message  in  instruct window.
F
[^Select (ADPS)

Enter values for desired parameters.
Name --> Hydrologic Group -->none Crop --Hll?i
Parameter Layer Minimum Maximum True/False
none none 0. 0. TRUE
none none 0. 0. TRUE
none none 0. 0. TRUE
none none 0. 0. TRUE
none none 0. 0. TRUE
STATUS
Type: ML soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
ERROR

Geographic: None
Properties: All

Invalid data input in highlighted field.
Use 'Limits' command to see acceptable range, or
'Help' command to see field definition.
elp:|j| Next:f$| Prev:j
| Liimts:ff| Status:|| Quiet:|| Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops

   Figure  3.4.   Example error  message  in instruct  window.
                                       14

-------
3.1.4  Command Line

The final  component  of the standard DBAPE  screen  is the command
line  (Figure  3.1).   The command line  is  restricted  to one line.
It contains a menu of abbreviations for the available commands at
the  user's   current   location  within  the  program  structure.
Definitions of the abbreviated commands are available by invoking
the CMND assistance in the assistance window.

Table 3.1 lists the commands available  for DBAPE applications, the
function keys  used to invoke  commands,  and command definitions.
Inspection of the command line  in Figure 3.1 shows that  some of the
commands are  associated  with the PC functions keys  and some are
not.   Instructions  on  the  alternate methods  for  invoking  the
various commands are provided in Section 3.3.

A final  feature of the  command  line is mentioned here to avoid
confusion.  As will be explained in the following section, three
interaction modes are utilized by DBAPE:   data mode, command mode,
and assist mode.  The command line appears on the screen when the
user is utilizing either the data mode or the command mode.  When
the user has invoked the assist mode, the command line is removed
from the screen  to avoid confusion,  and command  instructions are
displayed  in  the instruction window.   When the user  leaves  the
assist mode to return to  either of the other two modes, the command
line reappears.

3.2  INTERACTION MODES

User  interaction is organized into three  "modes,"  each  with  a
specific function:

 (1) Use data mode to  enter data or select  from menu  options in
     data window.

 (2) Use command mode to  invoke commands or functions  listed in the
     command line; commands perform three functions:

      (a) Allow exit from screens (NEXT, PREV,  INTRPT).
      (b) Manage  assistance  window (HELP, LIMITS, XPAD,  STATUS,
          CMND, QUIET, UPPG, DNPG).
      (c) Manipulate data window (UPPG, DNPG, OOPS, WINDOW).

 (3) Use assist  mode  to  provide supplemental information  in  the
     scratch pad  (XPAD) on which to base subsequent actions or to
     scroll up or down in the assistance window.

Note that,  given the limited  function of the assist  mode,  most
tasks performed using DBAPE will only require use of the data and
command modes.
                                15

-------
              TABLE  3.1.  COMMANDS  FOR APPLICATION OF DBAPE
      COMMAND
      NAME

      CHHD
      ONPG
      HELP
      INTRPT
      LIMITS
      NEXT
      OOPS
      PREV
      QUIET
      STATUS
      UPPG
      WINDOW
      XPAO
FUNCTION-*,,  .               „           ..       ,  ' .      •'
KEY      COHHAHD DEFINITION

        DISPLAY DEFINITIONS OF COMMANDS IN ASSISTANCE INFORMATION WINDOW
      ', DISPLAY NEXT PAGE IN DATA. WINDOW    (..-••••-.
     DISPLAY HELP INFORMATION IN ASSISTANCE INFORMATION WINDOW
        STOP CURRENT" ACTIVITY  .
   '  DISPLAY LIMITS OF CURRENT'FIELD IN ASSISTANCE INFORMATION WINDOW
     GO TO NEXT SCREEN (SETS SCREEN EXIT STATUS CODE TO 1)
        RESET VALUES IN DATA WINDOW TO VALUES; WHEN SCREEN FIRST DISPLAYED
     GO TO PREVIOUS SCREEN                ,  „  -
   ' .TURN OFF ASSISTANCE INFORMATION WINDOW TO ALLOW MORE ROOM FOR DATA
   ,  DISPLAY SYSTEM STATUS iN ASSISTANCE INFORMATION WINDOW
        DISPLAY PREVIOUS .PAGE Iti DATA WINDOW            .
        DEFINE CORNER OF DATA OPERATION WINDOW            ;
     DISPLAY USERS SCRATCH PAD. ALLOW CHANGES
Movement  from each  of the  interaction modes to the qther modes can
be  accomplished as  follows.
 data mode to command mode
 data moGe to assist mode
 command mode to  data mode
 command mode to  assist  mode
             -  press   key
             -  press  function  key associated with
                appropriate type of assistance or
                enter  command mode and select
                appropriate assistance from options
                in command line

             -  press   key
             -  select appropriate type of    -"
                assistance from options in command
                line
 assist mode to data mode   . • •*-  press  key
 assist mode to command mode -  press  key twice  (goes
                                    through data mode)
3.3   SCREEN MOVEMENT                  ..-    '       ",..'•
                                     '-*.''  •      -     '      ''*,'"
DBAPE allows the user  the  flexibility of  using  both  keybpard and
mouse communication for  screen  movement- and operations.  From the
keyboard,  commands may be  invoked  either  by .pressing  designated
function  keys  or  by typing  the  first  letter of  a command  name.
Likewise, menu options may  be selected either by moving the cursor
(either by use  of cursor keys or  a mouse)  to  the selection  field
and  confirming,   or by typing  the  first  letter  (or letters,  if
needed) of the menu item.  For each of the three interaction modes,
individual  keys  and key  groups  are us^, irt a  .consistent manner as
summarized  in Table 3.2.   • ' '•1-;;i\;  '•  -"" •,•:.;-••;_'•• .™-^>«'-.t'~-^,:::^  •i-.'"-.^.--  .-•.•>•
                                    16

-------
TABLE 3.2.  KEYSTROKES AND THEIR RESULTS
MODE KEY GROUP
DATA PRINTABLE
CHARACTER
UNPRINTABLE


CURSOR
MOVEMENT
FUNCTION

COMMAND PRINTABLE
CHARACTER
UNPRINTABLE
CHARACTER
,
.
CURSOR
MOVEMENT

FUNCTION

ASSIST PRINTABLE
CHARACTER
UNPRINTABLE
CHARACTER

CURSOR
MOVEMENT
FUNCTION
KEY CODE

 OR







 OR









 OR




, , ,
RESULT
TEXT SCREEN - NOTHING
MENU SCREEN - SELECT OPT ION(S) ASSOCIATED WITH CHARACTER
NO CONFIRMATION NEEDED
DATA SCREEN - CHARACTER INSERTED AT CURSOR POSITION
TEXT SCREEN - NOTHING
MENU SCREEN - NOTHING
DATA SCREEN - END FIELD, MOVE TO NEXT FIELD
SWITCH TO COMMAND MODE
NOTHING
MOVE WITHIN DATA WINDOW AS APPROPRIATE
SWITCH TO COMMAND MODE
EXECUTE ASSOCIATED COMMAND (- 'HELP' , etc.)
EXECUTE COMMAND WITH CORRESPONDING FIRST LETTER IF
AVAILABLE ,
SELECT HIGHLIGHTED COMMAND
SWITCH TO DATA MODE
NOTHING
HIGHLIGHT COMMAND TO THE .LEFT . . ' :
HIGHLIGHT COMMAND T'O THE RIGHT
NOTHING
SWITCH TO DATA MODE -.,,,..• - ,,-
NOTHING ,
XPAD - CHARACTER INSERTED AT CURSOR POSITION
OTHER - NOTHING
SWITCH TO DATA MODE : ,.::
XPAD - MOVE TO START OF NEXT LINE ^ ^ 5
OTHER - NOTHING
NOTHING
MOVE WITHIN ASSISTANCE WINDOW AS POSSIBLE
SWITCH TO DATA MODE
, i >•''-' " '•• • • • . '"' -. .v. ' •. • '
NOTHING -. ; ;:-,-.- , •';••;: .-..-:.;; • :,:?-!vrrr
                    17

-------
 Several  general  features  of  user  communication  using  these
 keystrokes within DBAPE should be noted:

   (1)   There are no restrictions to upper- or lower-case mode.

   (2)  A key or command is always used to invoke the same function.

   (3)   Function keys are only used to  invoke  commands.

 3.3.1   Movement Within Screens

 Movement_ within  screens  may  consist  of  (1)  movement  between
 interaction modes,  (2)  movement between the three  windows and the
 command line, or  (3) movement within a window or command line. The
 first type of movement, between interaction modes, has already been
 described  in Section 3.2 and will not be further considered  here.
 Procedures  which  cause  movement within  and between  the  three
 windows and the command  line of a screen are outlined below.  For
 organization, the procedures which cause movement  are categorized
 in terras of the three interaction modes.

 Data Mode

 In data mode,  screen movement and operations  may be accomplished
 by pressing either  printable character keystrokes, the   or
  key, the cursor keys or selected function  keys.   However,
 the result  of pressing some of these keys  depends on the type of
 screen which  is presently displayed.

 If one is prompted  for decisions  by means of a menu  (i.e., a menu
 screen), keystrokes cause the  following results.

  (1)  Type the first letter  (or  first two letters if needed) of
       any  option in the menu  in  order to select the option.

  (2)  Use  cursor keys to move between highlighted menu options.

  (3)  Press function keys designated on the command line to invoke
       the  following commands.

        - HELP      - NEXT    - PREV    - XPAD

If one is prompted for data by means of form.fill-in  (i.e., a data
screen), keystrokes  cause  the following results.

  (1)  Type alphanumeric characters needed to correctly fill in the
       data screen; the characters will be  inserted in the screen
       at the cursor position.

  (2)  Press  or  to end entry in one data field and
       move to another.
                                18

-------
  (3)  Use cursor keys to move within and among data screen
       fields as needed.

  (4)  Use function keys to invoke the following command functions.

        - HELP    - NEXT    - PREV    - LIMITS
        - XPAD

If  the data window  is filled  with the  results of  analysis or
estimation  operations  (i.e.,   a  text  screen),  keystrokes  for
printable  characters  do  not  cause  actions.    However,  cursor
movement and some function keys do cause screen action.

  (1)  Use cursor keys to move within data window as appropriate.

  (2)  Use function keys to invoke the following command functions.

        - HELP     - NEXT    - PREV    - STATUS
        - QUIET    - XPAD

Command Mode

In the command mode,  three categories of keystrokes cause movement
within screens.

 (1)  All commands,  with  the exception of NEXT,  PREV and INTRPT
      (see Section 3.3.2), cause movement within  screens. Type the
      first character  of any  of  these  commands  to  invoke  the
      command and cause  activity  in  either  the   data  or  the
     . assistance window.   The  activity  caused  by  invoking each
      command is summarized  in Table 3.1.  As described in Section
      3.1.2,  the  commands CMND,  HELP, LIMITS,  STATUS,  QUIET and
      XPAD cause activity in the assistance window.   The commands
      DNPG and  UPPG  can  cause   activity  in both the assistance
      window and the  data  window, and the commands OOPS and WINDOW
      cause activity  exclusively in the data window.   The functions
      of these latter four commands are as follows.

      DNPG -   removes current window of data and replaces it with
               a  full window of  data which directly  follows it in
               the data file

      OOPS -   resets values in  data screen to the values present
               when the screen was  first displayed
                                19

-------
      WINDOW - expands  data  operation  window within the  data
               window.   Within the  operation window, arithmetic
               operands  (+,-/*,//**) can be used to modify values
               in  1- or  2-D  fields.    For  1-D  screens,  cursor
               movement  highlights  fields  for  individual  data
               values.  An arithmetic operation can implemented by
               typing  it  into the  appropriate  field and  then
               pressing  the   or  key.   For 2-D
               screens,  the WINDOW  command  allows  the  user  to
               perform  global  manipulations  by  establishing  a
               highlighted  field,  and then  typing  the operation
               into this  field.   All values within the specified
               field are modified accordingly.

      UPPG   - removes current window of data and  replaces it with
               a full window of data which  directly precedes it in
               the data file

  (2)  Press the    or   key to  execute  the  command
      currently highlighted in the command  line.

  (3)  Use the right or left cursor keys to move the highlighting to
      another command along the command line.

Assist Mode

While the user is in the assist mode, keystrokes cause no actions
whatsoever unless  (1)  the  scratch pad  (XPAD)  is active  or (2)
information which can be  scrolled is contained in the assistance
window.   If  the scratch pad  is active,  typed characters  are
inserted  into the  scratch pad  at the  current location  of  the
cursor.  The  cursor can move  in all directions, and pressing the
 or  key  causes the start  of  a new  line.   Cursor
keys can be used to scroll up or down in any assistance window when
the available assistance exceeds the window height.

3.3.2  Movement Between Screens

A user can leave one DBAPE screen and move  on to another either by
(1) selecting a menu option  in the data window  or  (2)  invoking
commands displayed on the command line.

Menu Options

Selection of a menu option always leads to  a new screen.  From the
data mode, menu selections can be made by one of three methods.

   (1)   Type the  first letter  (or letters,  if needed)  of the menu
       item.
                                20

-------
 (2)  Move the cursor by use of cursor keys to the selection field
      arid confirm by typing .
                 . •   ..,'.',/     "
 (3)  For commands which  are  associated with a function key  (as
      indicated  in the   command  line),  press the  appropriate
      function key.

 (4)  Hove the cursor by use of a mouse to the selection field and
      confirm by.clicking.

3.3.3  Screen Path     *                      '       -

During  an  interactive   session,   DBAPE • provides  an   aid  for
remembering the sequence of screens -which have led up to the screen
which ds  cuj^fentiy being- dij^iayed,  ' The screen path is  connoted
along the^upper^'left'hahd; border :of the data window following the
window title  (see Figure.3^3)'V  The screen  path  is arseries of one
or two letter codeis which identify both (1) the  type of operations
and  (2)  the sequence  of operations which  have  occurred  from the
time the user leaves the  opening screen of  DBAPE until arriving at
the current screen.  For  example, the screen path "ADGS" signifies
that the cur-rent  screen is &  result of  (1> selecting the  Analysis
option on the\>pening screen,  (2) opting to befine search  criteria
on the Analysis screen, (3) selecting a Geographic search and  (4)
specifying that the geographic area Of interest  will be defined as
States.
           ^                 "*•           f                 .-•'.•',-
As the  user branches downward in DBAPE,  a letter is added to the
screen  path:each -time  an  operation is performed which results in
the display  of  a  hew screen.  The letter corresponds to the  first
letter  of  the option selected in the previous screen.  In the case
of  some menus  two letters  are  needed,  to. differentiate between
options (e.g.>  PLot and  PRint).   In such cases, both letters  are
added  to  the  screen  path*   Conversely,  upward movement within
DBAPE,  which is  accomplished by using the Return  option in  any
menu, results  in  the elimination of a letter from the  screen  path.
                                21

-------
It should be noted that familiarity with screen sequencing can also
speed  up the  time  it takes  to perform  frequent tasks.    After
memorizing  the  screen  path  needed  to  perform a  sequence  of
operations  and,  hence,  arrive  at a  particular location  in  the
program,  one may type ahead  and pass quickly  over  intermediate
screens.
                               22

-------
                            SECTION 4

                             ANALYZE
USE THIS SECTION FOR INSTRUCTIONS ON HOW TO PERFORM TASKS RELATED
TO ANALYZING THE SOILS AND METEOROLOGIC DATA BASES.

DBAPE  interacts  with three data  bases:  a  geographic  soils data
base,  a soils properties  data base and a meteorologic data base.
The majority of the available capabilities are designed  to interact
with  the soils  data  bases.    DBAPE  can  perform  the following
functions.
 (1)
    Define  search  criteria.    Allowable criteria include  soils
    categories, geographic limits, and  soils properties.   Soils
    categories include PI, P4, PO, and ML (see  Section 1.2.1 for
    definitions).   The  geographic limits  of  a  search may  be
    specified  in terms  of the  contiguous United  States,  EPA
    administrative regions, states or counties.  Soils properties
    which are allowable search attributes include zone depth (for
    surface, subsoil and substratum), soil texture class, percent
    sand, percent  clay,  bulk density,  percent organic   matter,
    available water, hydrologic group and potential crops.

(2)  Find soils which satisfy  the  search criteria  and copy their
    identification numbers to  a buffer.

(3)  Order (i.e., sort and rank) the soils contained in the search
    buffer  according to soil numbers,  acreage or any numerical
    property contained  in the  soils data base.

(4)  Produce summary information for soils contained in the search
    buffer  for any  numerical property  contained in the  soils
    properties data base.   DBAPE  can generate  (1)  a table which
    reports the values for up to six selected parameters for each
    of the  individual  soils  contained  in the  search buffer,  (2)
    areally-weighted average values or  (3) a table which reports
    the distribution of soils  within specified value ranges.

    Great  care  must be exercised when interpreting  weighted
    output  due to the fact that the depths of soil zones vary and
    all zones may  not be defined  for the soils being weighted.
                                23

-------
  (5)  View  and/or- .save  the results  of  searches  or  statistical
      analyses.   Viewing mechanisms  allowed  include the  display
     ' monitor,  the printer and  files on disk.   Viewing  formats
      include both tables  and  maps (if graphics drivers for maps
      are available).  Viewing formats are specific to the  various
      Analyze functions as reflected in the instructions below.

  (6)  Modify the buffer contents to allow analysis  of  a different
      set of soils.  Individual soils can be added or deleted.   All
      of the soils in the buffer can be cleared. . The results of a
      separate search can be added to the buffer, or a new search
      can be performed based only on the soils  already contained in
      the buffer.

All of the  analysis  capabilities listed above are related to  the
soils data base. In addition,  DBAPE can perform a task related to
analysis of the meteorologic data base described in  Section 1.

  (1)  Compute and  identify NOAA  first order meteorologic  station
      nearest to a specified geographic area.

Analysis activities are initiated by selecting the Analysts option
on the opening  screen ,of  DBAPE.   All  instructions for performing
analysis functions (Sections 4.1  -  4.6)  begin at the Analyze  (A)
screen (Figure 4.l).
                               24

-------
4.1  DEFINE SEARCH CRITERIA
1

Select an
Beffftfc '•*•
Find
Order
Summarize
View
Buffer
Return


Analyze option.
- execute specified search
- sort buffer on selected property
- soils in buffer
- individual soil properties
- advanced buffer maintenance
- back to Opening screen

Select an option using arrow keys
Then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
1eip:i|:| Next:|!j| Xpad:j|f
Cmnd

  Figure 4.1.
  screen.
Selection of the Define option on  the Analyze (A)
Use the Define option of the Analyze (A) screen to define searches.
The attributes of a  search which can be defined include:

  (1)  Type(s)  of soils.  One or more of the four soils categories
      (PI,  P4, PO,  ML) can be searched.

  (2)  Soils Properties.  A search can be performed on one or more
      attributes of the soils properties data base.  For example,
      a search for all soils with a bulk density value between 1.65
      and  1.85  which have  a  potential  to grow  oats  can  be
      specified.

  (3)  Geographic area.   The  search area  can be  defined  as the
      contiguous United  States, one  or more EPA administrative
      regions, one or more states,  or one or more counties.

  (4)  Search mode.    The search  can be performed on  (1) specified
      soils categories or  (2) only on the soils contained in the
      buffer as a result of a previous search.  The results of the
      new search can either replace the contents of  the buffer or
      be added to them.
                                25

-------
 4.1.1  Define Type of Soil for Search
•
i— Oefine (AD) 	

Select a Define option.
%£T% \^S«.*%$ffa¥ typs & suffer ,sear<$b
Property - specify properties of soil for search
Geographic - specify geographic area of interest
Mode - specify mode of buffer management
Return - back to Analyze
i— STATUS
Type: HL,P1,P4,PO soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils

Geographic: None
Properties: All
INSTRUCT
Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
Help:|| Next:|i Prev:]
|j Status:||! Quiet:il Xpad:^ Crond

  Figure  4.2,
  screen.
Selection of  the  Type option of  the  Define (AD)
INSTRUCTIONS

(1)   Select the Define option of the Analyze (A) screen.

(2)   Select the Type option of the Define  (AD)  screen(see Figure
      4.2).  DBAPE now displays the Type (ADT) screen (see Figure
      4.3).

(3)   Type a Y in the field following  each soil category which you
      wish to  include  in the search.   When you  have defined the
      categories to be searched,  use the Next command to return to
      the Define  (AD)  screen.   At this point, the  search can be
      further defined by  selecting other options in the Define (AD)
      screen menu.

RESULTS

When the search is executed using the Find (AF) screen (see Section
4.2),  only those categories  of  soils specified  using  the above
instructions will be searched.  A summary of the soils categories
selected is reported after "Type:" in the Status window (see Figure
4.2 for example).
                                26

-------






f
Tvnr* fAHTV
Indicate active soil types.
ML - most likely problem soils jUjf
P1 - prime agricultural soils YES
P4 - irrigated agricultural soils YES
PO - possible agricultural soils YES

Type: ML,P1,P4,PO soil Geographic: None
Mode: Add to buffer Properties: All
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
. .TM^TPiirr
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
elp:^ Next:¥;2 Prev:$|* Limits:;lp Status:!! Quiet:|S Xpad:5§ Cmnd Oops







  Figure 4.3.  Type  (ADT) screen used to  define soils categories
  for a search.
Figure  4.3  indicates  the four  soils data  bases  which  can  be
searched.   Details on the contents of each data base are provided
in Appendix B.  Unless you have  a specifice  application of  DBAPE
in mind that requires only one of the data bases, it is recommended
that preliminary searches be performed using all four data bases.
                                27

-------
4.1.2  Define Soils Properties for Search
ft »-£:„,. **r\s










Select a
Type
fc£$PfS^&

Define option.
- specify type of soil for search
, >,.ap^ejr^'^r6e«-«f«ft%0f soft iw searc*
Geographic - specify geographic area of interest
Mode
Return
.,_«?TATtl key to  move to each of the
      property  fields  which you wish to define.  For example, you
      could specify that soils which have a crop potential for rice
                                28

-------
      (crop I  17)  and a high  value of sand  in the surface  zone
      which is greater than 70 percent be included  in  the  search-
      Note . that  soil name,  hydrologic group ,and crop  potential
      properties are defined as one value  for all three zones; all
      other properties must be specified by zone. A list of valid
      parameter names is provided in Table 4.1.  See Appendix B for
      detailed definitions of  the soil  zones.   'When- you  have
      defined the  soils properties to be  searched,  use the  Next
      command to return to the Define  (AD)  screen.  At  this point,
      the search can be further defined by selecting other  options
      in the Define (AD)  screen menu.

RESULTS       '   '-•'..•/.      • ••'    '•-. .   .' '    '" -.-• '-,' '   .^':'';":'^--:-

When the search is executed using the Find (AF) screen (see  Section
4.2), only those soils satisfying  the property definitions  made
using the  above  instructions will  be  searched.  A summary of the
properties you have defined is reported after "Properties:" in the
Status window  (see Figure  4.6  for example).
[—Property (ADP)
- t. . ;
Select a Property option,
All - include all properties
None - don't do a properties search . ,
STATUS
Type: ML,P1,P4,PO soil
Hode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soi Is

Geographic: None ; • •
Properties: All

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, dr
Type the first letter of an option.
Help;'!! Next:II Prev:
H Status:^ Quiet: IS Xpad:{f$ Cmnd
1 ' •' ' * .>'.'; '
  Figure 4.5.  Selection of the Select option of the Property' (ADP)
  screen.
                                29

-------
F
Select (ADPS)"
Enter values for desired parameters.
Name -->||li! Hydrologic Group -->none Crop --> 17
Parameter Zone Minimum Maximum True/False
HSAND SUR 70. 100. TRUE
none none 0. 0. TRUE
none none 0. 0. TRUE
none none 0. 0. TRUE
none none 0. 0. TRUE
STATUS
Type: ML,P1,P4,PO soil Geographic: None
Mode: Add to buffer Properties: All
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
I HSTRUCT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use "Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
elp:f|f Next:|J! Prev:fj| Limits:^ Status:!! Quiet:H xPad:H Cmnd Oops

Figure 4.6.  Soil properties selection screen for defining search
criteria.
TABLE  4.1   VALID  PARAMETER  NAMES  FOR  DEFINING  SEARCHES  OR
ORDERING BUFFER SOILS.
  Parameter
  name	

  DEPTH
  TOLAS
  LSAND
  HSAND
  LCLAY
  HCLAY
  LBLKD
  HBLKD
  LORMT
  HORMT
  LAVLW
  HAVLW
Definition
depth of soil layer  (cm)
soil texture class (see Table B.I)
low value for sand (percent)
high value for sand  (percent)
low value for clay (percent)
high value for clay  (percent)
low value for bulk density  (megagrams/liter)
high value for bulk density  (megagrams/liter)
low value for organic matter (percent)
high value for organic matter (percent)
low value for available water (fraction)
high value for available water (fraction)
                              30

-------
4.1.3  Define Geographic Area of Interest
1

Select a
Type
Property
Mode "
Return

Type: ML,P1,P4,PO soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soi Is
	 TUCTRIIPT

Define option.
- specify type of soil for search
- specify properties of soil for search
- specify mode of buffer management
- back to Analyze

Geographic: None
Properties: All

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
telp:|! Next:f| Prev:i
!$i Status:!;?: Quiet :|S Xpad:JH Cmnd

  Figure 4.7.
  (AD)  screen.
Selection of the  Geographic option of the  Define
INSTRUCTIONS

 (1)  Select the Define option of the Analyze (A)  screen.

 (2)  Select the Geographic option of the Define (AD) screen (see
      Figure 4.7).   DBAPE now  displays the Geographic  (ADG) screen
      (see Figure 4.8).

 (3)  Select a geographic area.   Select the All option if you want
      to search the entire contiguous United States.   Select the
      None option if you do not want to do a geographic search.  If
      you choose either of  these  options, DBAPE returns you to the
      Define (AD) screen where you  can use  other menu options to
      further define the search.   Select the Region option of the
      Geographic (ASG)  screen if you want to define the search in
      terms of an EPA administrative regions.  If you choose this
      option, DBAPE displays the Region (ADGR) screen (see Figure
      4.9).  Select a region to search and use the Next command to
      return to the Define (AD)  screen.   Select the States option
      of the  Geographic  (ASG) screen if  you want to define the
      search in terms of one  or  more states  or  counties.   If you
      choose this option,  DBAPE  displays  the State (ADGS) screen
                                31

-------
      (see Figure 4.10).  If you want to search all counties of a
      state,  enter the state abbreviation in a field in the "State"
      column and leave the "0"  in  the corresponding field in the
      "County"  column.    If  you want  to  search  only  specific
      counties of a state, the state/county pair must be specified
      for each county.   Use postal service state abbreviations and
      county FIPS code numbers  (see  Appendix F)  to designate the
      states and counties,  respectively.   When you have defined
      states and/or counties  to search,  use the  Next  command to
      return to the Define (AD),   screen,

RESULTS

When the search is executed using the Find (AF)  screen (see Section
4.2),  only  those  geographic areas  specified using  the  above
instructions will be searched.  A summary of the area selected is
reported after "Geographic:" in  the Status window  (see Figure 4.14
for example).
I


Select a Geographic area.
All - search all geographic areas
Region ~ specify an EPA geographic region
None - don't search the geographic database
or ATI K
Type: HL,P1,P4,PO soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
'INSTRUCT

Geographic: None
Properties: All

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
lelp:j|| Next:j|g Prev:i
fjj Status:!! Qul"et:ll xPad:.ll Cmnd

  Figure 4.8.   Selection of geographic area of interest using the
  Geographic (ADG)  screen.
                                32

-------

, . : ..




i "i ,!,':••

	 1
: Rc ion (ADCR1 ' "' "r ••'•tfi'i! ;it;V '' • •'•'**-• :••;-'•: i "^
: "Select an EPA geographic Region. '•'• 1 ' •<']'•. *.'«!. " ' s
83 „_-< EPA j*eg1o&,l: „ , ' R6 - EPA^ Region 6~ . 5 .! ; ,
R2 - EPA Region 2' '' ' ' , R7 -EPA' Region 7 ' ."! ,
: : R3 - EPA Region'3 ' R8 - EPA Region 8 ' : • '"• '•
;•, R4 - EPA Region'4>s " ; • R9 - EPA'Region 9 = ' -"''"- ';'.
-. .R,5 ,- EPA Region ^ ,,j ;.:,,•(;,:..-; R10- EPA Region 10 ;• r
0
Type: ML,P1,P4,PO soil Geographic: None
Mode: Add to buffer Properties: All
Search: Pending ^
Buffer: 0 soils * • • • ; 	 * 	 • - • - •-•- .•--.-.. >
IWTRUCT 	 .'"'.' '. ' ' '
. ( ,. . Select an, opt ion .using arrow . keys ..,.. ,,,r, ..-.
then confirm selection w.ith the'F2 key, " dr: " " ' ',
Type the first letter of an option. ••••
	 	 ...% 	 	 	
ielp:|| Next:fg Prev:||| Status:;^;' Quiet:i|§ Xpad:!|.$! Cmnd' 	 ' 	



• , . t ^


^lu'-r;


Figure 4.9.  Regions (AD6R) screen used to define EPA Region(s)
as the geographic extent of a search.                         i

Enter State and county
, . ., : . ' -•, , - -•'.'• , :
values in pairs (county= 0 for all of state)
State County
none 0 ' ' ,
none 0 ' '
none 0 ' , ,
none 0 ,•••.-.
hone 0
''hone " '0. 	 ' 	 " 	 '"" 	 ' '' ' "''
-, : •-.-•. - 	 i-, Mi- r ..•-••;
Type: ML,P1,P4,PO soil
Mode : Add to ' buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
INSTRUCT
Geographic: None ''' ' ••'-•'
Prpperties: All . ...• . ,.,

: '; ' ' '''••• * :' Enter data in hi'ghlVghtey 'field(s). -"" ' "'
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
Help:|!| Next:||i Prev::
'& Limits:i5 Status:^ Quiet:|S Xpad:|§! Cmnd Oops
i
i
1
• p j . f • • ^
Figure 4.10.  State (ADGS)  screen used to define  state(s)  as the
geographic extent of a search.
                              33

-------
4.1.4  Define Mode of Buffer Management for Search
h
-Define (AD> 	 	 '-
'' . I '' ' I -. ' .,':'"' ' , ,'.' ( '
Select a Define option'. « :..;... , „ • :*.l ;
'Type 7; specify'type of s'oil ^o'f search • • , . t •',
Property - specify properties of soil for search
SSSSiplPJjic. T specify geographic area of interest
	 Return
STATUS
Type: ML.P1.P4.PO soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
INSTRUCT
-^back^to, Analyze" - ' 'v 	 -...."-
* ' .......
Geographic: None •>••..<•
• Properties: ' All'.. . ••.:•-.'• >. . ;

- , Select an option using arrow keys . ' .
..then confirm selection with the F2 key, or ...... ;
Type the first letter of an option.
elp:|| Next:|| Prev:]
| Status:^ Quiet:!| Xpad:^ Cmnd
. * ', r, . , • . '••
• : '• ' '

  Figure 4.11.
  screen.
Selection of the  Mode  option of the Define  (AD)
INSTRUCTIONS
 (1)  Select the Define option of the Analyze (A)  screen.

 (2)  Select the Mode  option  of the Define  (AD) screen  (see Figure
      4.11).  DBAPE  now displays  the Mode (ADM) screen  (see Figure
      4.12). .  .     _ _      , ._  _/    ,,,,_  , _.__. .. ,_    . . .._ ,

 (3)  Select a mode  for updating the buffer.  Select the Add option
      to add the,results of the. pending search to the soils already
      residing in the buffer from a previous search.   Select the
     •Subset option to  perform the pending  search only  oh those
      soils already contained  in the  buffer.   Select,^he Clear
      option to  remove the soils currently in thei buffer before the
      pending search is executed.  Use the  Next command to return
      to  the  Define  (AD)  screen where  you  can  use  other  menu
      options to further define the search.
                                3,4

-------
RESULTS
When the search is executed using the Find .(A?) screen (see Section
4.2), the buffer will  be managed and the search will be performed
according to the instructions given* on the Mode  (ADM) screen.  The
•option selected  for the pending  search  is reported after "Mode:"
in the Status window (see JFigure. 4;.i2 Tfbr example).
I
Mode (ADM)
•" ^^ ' V"'/-i ';!:•-•""•"•''•"' '''..?*:'<
Select a Mode for updating buffer. — •
Add - soils found in search to existing- buffer' ' ' ' ' f ••.•V
Clear - remove soils from current buffer "

' , . - , , .-,,•• „ ., j,.,.
i STATUS • .••,.„ , ; * ,..;,.., ,,,. 	 ,
Type: Ml,P1,P4,PO soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
INSTRUCT
Geographic: St:'NY C6:AU
Properties: All 	 	 • 	 ~ 	 —
^ - -• • - ^ . e . .-:•-.,.-. • . • • . 4 t


' ' Select an'bpti'on using arrow keys '•'•• • "'-• - • ». ? •- ' ' , ;
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
)elp:§l Next:^ Prev:!
i Status:!! «"'«:& Xpadr^ Cmnd
1

  Figure  4.12.    Mode  (ADM)  screen  used  to select  a  mode for
  updating the buffer for the pending search.
Figure  4.12  indicated  the three  options for  buffer management.
Either                      .                                ,
     ' •  .---.•   . '   .'..'if'.   '•.".''  '. -*"'   ;"', j i"/8'i ,•'..' :';r'.5!'l " ".,"'", "•';, -.,V. .', • . •'.'",. . 'i'U  ! .-. i "

 (1)  the soils satisfying the search criteria, for a pending search
 ;     can'be added* t:c> soils already ..contained  in  the buffer,, or

 (2)  the search can ,be performed  only pn"soils already contained
      in the buffer, or            '                   	

 (3)  the soils  already  in the buffer as a  result  of previous
      searches  can be cleared.

Note that the  Subset option has been  highlighted and is ready to
be selected.  If it was selected, the message after "Mode:11 in the
STATUS window will change from  "Add to buffer" to "Subset buffer".
                                35

-------
4.2  FIND SOILS WHICH SATISFY SEARCH CRITERIA


f

Select an
Define
Order
Summarize
View
Buffer
Return
INSTRUCT

Analyze option.
-^ search criteria
- sort buffer on selected' property
- soils in buffer
- individual soil properties
- advanced buffer maintenance
- back to Opening screen

Select an option using arrow keys
Then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
lelp:||f Next:3|| Status:§
* Xpad:H Cmnd



  Figure 4.13.
  screen.
Selection of the  Find option on the Analyze  (A)
Use the Find option of the Analyze (A) screen to execute searches.

INSTRUCTIONS

The  following instructions  assume that  you  have  already fully
defined  the search which you want  to make  a search  using  the
options in the Define  (AD) screen  (Section 4.1).
 (1)  Select the Find option of the Analyze  (A) screen.
      displays the Find (AF) screen  (see Figure 4.14).
                                        DBAPE  now
 (2)  If soil  properties  specifications have  been made  for the
      search,  the Find  (AF)  screen displays the  number  of soils
      which have been searched  and the number  which  satisfy the
      specifications.  After the properties search is complete, use
      the Next command to  execute the geographic search.

 (3)  If geographic search specifications have  been made for the
      search,  the  Find  (AF)  screen now  shows  menu  options for
      following the progress  of the  geographic search as  it is
      executed.    When  an option  is selected,  the  search will
      continue.  Use the Text option to display a screen during the
                                36

-------
      search which displays each state as it is searched.  Use the
      Display  option if you want  to track the  search progress by
      displaying a  screen on your monitor Which  (T)   draws  the
      boundaries of  each state of the selected geographic area on
      the  screen as  it is searched and (2)  draws and fills in the
      boundaries of  each county in the state which contains soils
      satisfying the search requirements.  Use the PRint option if
      you  want  to  perform  the  same mapping  procedure on  your
      printer.   Use  the PLot  option if you want to use  a plotting
      device to  perform the mapping procedure.   The Display, PRint
      and  PLot  options all  have  specific software  and hardware
      requirements  which  are  described in  Section  2.    When the
      search  has  been  completed  DBAPE displays  a  screen which
      indicates  all  of the states  which have been  searched.

 (4)  If a map has been displayed  on the monitor, type R to return
      to the Analyze (A) screen.   Otherwise, use the Next command
      to  leave the  current screen and return  to the Analyze (A)
      screen.

RESULTS

The search is  executed,  and the identification  numbers of the soils
which satisfy the search requirements are copied to the buffer.
r;_~l *Ar\











Select a geographic search display option.
tex-fc - summaryr «£ progress
Display - map of progress on screen
PRint - map of progress
PLot - map of progress
Quit - don't do a geographic search

Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Active
Buffer: 0 soils




1 -
Geographic: St:NY Co:AU
Properties: :,None •.';-..













Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.



Help:£! Next:|2 Status:!?: Quiet:|S Xpad:|g Cmnd
    .gure 4.14.   Selection of an option for viewing the progress of
    geographic search using the Find (AF)  screen.
Figure 4.14.
a
                                37

-------
4.3  ORDER SOILS IN BUFFER
t

Select an Analyze option.
Define - search criteria , ... . >•.
Find ^^ - execute specified search
Pt%£4.'i'ri4w?* Ixrf ¥&> 'ofi^ejUwstaxJ pjsapsrty
Summarize - soils in buffer
View - individual soil properties
Buffer --.advanced buffer maintenance
Return - back to Opening screen,
; ' ".•-'- -•..,.-.
INSTRUCT
SeJLect an option using arrow keys
Then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type, the first letter of an option.
lelp:||j Next:H Status:|§ Xpad:|! Cmnd

  Figure 4.15.
  screen.
Selection of £ne Order  option  on  the Analyze (A)
Use the Order option of the Analyze (A) screen to sort and rank the
soils  in the buffer after a  search has  been completed.   This
capability allows you to display or save the results  of the search
in an  ordered sequence in subsequent  operations performed using
the Summary and View options of the Analyze (A) screen.

When the Order option is selected on  the Analyze  (A)  screen, DBAPE
displays the Order  (AO)  screen (see  Figure 4.16 for an example).
Soils can be ordered by (1) soil identification number,  (2) acreage
or (3)  any numerical property contained in  the  soils  property data
base.  Sections 4.3.1 through 4.3.3 give instructions for ordering
by each of the three methods.
                                38

-------

.. = -.*-,
-Order (AO) 	
Select an
Number v -
^cr^ai^;
Property -

—STATUS 	
Type: HL,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Subset buffer
Search: Complete
Buffer: 48 soils

	 s
thet
Tl
Help:f! Next:!§ Prev:



Order parameter.
order the soil numbers "
order a specified' soil property's values

Geographic: , St:NY Co:AU
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES

Select an option using arrow keys
i confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Kpe the first letter of an option.
if Status:if; Quiet:!| Xpad:JH Cmnd









Figure 4.16.  Selection of a parameter for ordering the  soils in
the search buffer b'y using the Order  (AO) screen.  -        '
                              39

-------
 4.3.1  Order Soils by Soil Number
H
i— Number (AON)
For soil Numbers,
Enter the ordering of
.-STATUS 	
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Subset buffer
Search: Complete
Buffer: 48 soils
INSTRUCT
....... 	 . ... ., .. , 	
i:-l:>
: .___ 	 	 . . , , ... ..... tr- ,' ,
the values ~~> ft§G£$?3'3|u

	 -•• - 	 •' — -' ' '
Geographic:' St:NY Co:All
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage teeturn or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
elp:|| Next:f|| Prev:;
H Limits:||' Status:|| Quiet:|| Xpad.-ff' Cmnd Oops

  Figure  4.17.    Number (AON)  screen options  selected  to cause
  ordering of soils in buffer by ascending soil number.
INSTRUCTIONS

  (1)  Select the Order option of the Analyze (A)  screen (see Figure
      4-15) •                                        .,,,..

  (2)  Select the Number option of the Order (AO)  screen.  DBAPE now
      displays the  Number (AON) screen  (see Figure  4.17  for an
      example).

  (3)  Specify Ascending or Descending  ordering  by typing  A or D
      respectively,  in the data field.

  (4)  Use the Next  command to' cause the  specified ordering and
      return to  the  Analyze (A)  screen.

RESULTS

The soils in the buffer are ordered by  soil identification number.
                                40

-------
4.3.2  Order Soils by Acreages
'

For soil Acreages,
Enter the ordering of the values --> HIHI1III

Type: ML,P1,P4 soil Geographic: St:NY Co:AU
Mode: Subset buffer Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES
Search: Complete
Buffer: 48 soi Is "•

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
telp:|! Next:ff Prev:g Limits:!| Status:!! Qu'et:H xPad:P Cmnd Oops

  Figure 4.18.   Acreage  (AOA)  screen options  selected  to cause
  ordering of soils in buffer by descending acreage.
INSTRUCTIONS

  (1)  Select the Order option of the Analyze (A)  screen.

  (2)  Select the  Acreage option  of the  Order  (AO)  screen  (see
      Figure 4.16).  DBAPE  now displays  the Acreage (AOA)  screen
      (see Figure 4.18 for an example).

  (3)  Specify Ascending or  Descending ordering by typing A or D,
      respectively, in the data field.

  (4)  Use the  Next command  to cause the  specified ordering and
      return to the Analyze  (A) screen.

RESULTS

The soils in the buffer are ordered by acreage.
                                41

-------
 4.3.3   Order Soils by Property
f
r— Property (AQP) 	

For soil Property,
Enter the property on which to order --> i,$AW,;T
Enter the zone for the specified property --> SUR
Enter the ordering of the values --> DESCENDING
STATUS
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Subset buffer
Search: Complete
Buffer: 48 soils
^INSTRUCT

Geographic: St:NY Co:AU
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
lelp:^ Next:|p Prevrj
•f Limits:|§ status:il Qui"et:ll xpad:|| Cmnd Oops

  Figure 4.19.  Selection of property, zone, and ordering options
  on the Properties (AOP) screen.


INSTRUCTIONS

  (1)  Select the Order option of the Analyze (A) screen.

  (2)  Select the Property option of the Order  (AO) screen.  DBAPE
      now displays the Property (AOP) screen (Figure 4.19).

  (3)  In the top field specify the property on which to order the
      soils in the buffer.   Valid names are listed in Table. 4.1.

  (4)  In the middle field specify  the zone (SUR for surface, SUB
      for subsoil or STR for substratum) whose  property value will
      be used for ordering.

  (5)  Specify Ascending or  Descending ordering by typing A or D,
      respectively, in the bottom data field.

  (6)  Use the  Next command to  cause the  specified  ordering and
      return to the Analyze (A)  screen.

RESULTS

The soils in the buffer are ordered by the selected property.
                                42

-------
4.4  PRODUCE SUMMARY INFORMATION FOR SOILS IN BUFFER










—Analyze (A) 	
Select an
Define
Find
Order
View"
Buffer
Return



Analyze option.
- search criteria
- execute specified search
- sort buffer on selected property
-individual soil properties
- advanced buffer maintenance
- back to Opening screen

—I NSTRUCT 	
Select an option using arrow keys
Then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
Help:|| Next:fjf Status:|









| Xpad:ff Cmnd
 : Figure 4.20.  Selection  of  the Summarize option on the Analyze
  (A) screen.



Use the Summarize option of the Analyze (A)  screen to generate and
display or save three forms of summary information for the  soils
contained  in the buffer.   DBAPE  can produce three displays:

  (1)  A table of up to six selected parameter values for all  soils
      contained  in the  buffer.  This  option  allows the  user to
      compare the  values for one or more  parameters  for all the
      soils  without  sequentially viewing the  full  screen  of
      properties values for the individual soils.  For the purposes
 :     of this table, a  parameter is  defined  as  the  value  of  a
      property for a given zone.

  (2)  Areally-weighted  average  values for
      parameters.

  (3)  A table which reports,  for a  user-selected parameter, the
      count  and percent  of soils in the buffer which  fall within
      pre-specified  ranges.
up  to  six selected
                                4.3

-------
 4.4.1  Display Summary of Selected Property Values for Soils



H
—Summarize (AS)—
Summary option
Output option
Parameters

INSTRUCT -

> $Hl|j Value
Weight
Range
> IIII1II Display
Save
> LSAND SUR > LSANO
> none none > none

.- - " .
- table of parameter values
- summary of soils in buffer
- table of parameter ranges
- results on screen
- results in file on disk
SUB > LSAND STR
none none none

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
elp:|| Next:||
Prev:|f Limits:^ Status:|
| Xpad:|f Cmnd Oops




  Figure 4.21.  screen options selected to display summary table of
  selected parameter values for soils.


INSTRUCTIONS

(1) Select the  Summarize option of the Analyze  (A) screen.  DBAPE
    now displays the Summarize (AS)  screen (see  Figure 4.21 for an
    example).

(2) In the Summarize (AS) screen specify Value by typing V in the
    summary option field and Display by typing D in the output
    option field.

(3) Specify from one to six property/zone pairs for display.
    Valid parameter names are listed in Table 4.2.  Zone should
    be specified as SUR for surface, SUB for subsoil or STR
    for substratum.

(4) Use the Next command to generate the value table and
    display it  on the screen.

RESULTS

Figure 4.22 shows  an  example of the format of  the  display table
which is produced.  In this  case  the table shows low sand values
by zone for soils ordered by soil identification number.
                                44

-------
TABLE  4.2
INFORMATION
VALID  PARAMETER  NAMES  FOR  GENERATING  SUMMARY
  Parameter
  name	. Definition
  DEPTH     depth of soil zone (centimeters)
  LSAND     low value for sand (percent)
  HSAND     high value for sand (percent)
  LCLAY     low value for clay (percent)          .;  .
  HCLAY     high value for clay (percent)
  LBLKD     low value for bulk density(megagrams/cubic meter)
  HBLKD     high value for bulk density(megagrams/cubic meter)
  LORMT     low value for organic matter (percent)
  HORMT     high value for organic matter (percent)
  LAVLW     low value for available water (fraction)
  HAVLW     high value for available water (fraction)


















—Value (ASV)-r — -
SOIL #

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14


— 1NOI IIUUI 	
Help:|l Next:'§


Series Name

ALAGA
ALINE
ALS
ALUF
APOPKA
AQUILLA
ARCHBOLD
ARENOSA
ARENTS
ARIZO
ARNOLD
ARRENONDO
ASSATEAGUE
ATTER

•Next1 command
! Prev:ff; Status:;


LSAND
SUR
65.
65.
90.
75.
90.
80.
97.
80.
65.
80.
65.
85.
90.
65.



LSAND
SUB
65.
none
90.
65.
60.
75.
97.
none
85.
90.
70.
55.
none
none



LSAND .
SIR
none
none
50. ;'•••-
none
none
70. '.....
none
none
none
none -
none
none :
92.
85.










"" ••*




1 •-


to go to next screen
m .Xpad^I Cmnd
Dnpg


 Figure 4.22.
 buffer.
 Display of selected parameter values for soils in
                               45

-------
 4.4.2   Save  Summary of  Selected Property Values  for Soils





H
i— Summarize (AS)—
Summary option
Output option
Parameters
INSTRUCT
Use carriage r
Use 'Next'
elp:|| Next:f|

* PHH Value
Weight
" Range
> Display
Save
> LSAND SUR > LSANO
> none none > none

Enter data in highlighted
eturn or arrow keys to enter
command to go to next screer
Prev:H LiB"t8:ll Status:'!

- table of parameter values
- summary of soils in buffer
- table of parameter ranges
- results on screen
- results in file on disk
SUB > LSAND STR
none none , none

field
-------
               '•' T *<•  ' •   '  *  * ' ' ;' '"*' * , - 'X;' ""-it §"* V,"? •"'"•'".i! £ JU'aj-'-  '*"{*'•< "'/ "'* i7= ft1 •-.,,'•'', "i ?  '. • - 'j-  '   '
 (6)  Use the Next command €o cause" the "named  file to be  created
      and the parameter values saved.  ...---«>    .,.,.,
RESULTS

A file containing  t;he sefl<|ted  pat|uneter values for all, soils in
the buffer is created oh disk.









—save (ASS; 	 	 4
• , AJ > • ?- 2 •!;'<"* .'lit
Name of file in which to save suimat-y results?
%5T"' ' -- ' ^m- '" ' '',,••>«•"''*"",' ,"'"•"• "' "'"',-
i f •••-
• .'. • '•• • " .', •;•.';•• •i;-':..-. 5>v»(- «" >;> ".••• >::'-":v.iv :-/'--.r. o -
r.: ? .-.•*..' ;';-KI^«;' j .-. ..,* t; : };-.*•.•;••,. i'.'ifv;' - "; -!'•':*;»* <'';.„,

•"•*.--.• *^^nt^da&^'-hl*t*ght&%etd(«)':. ••^^•: 4 ' ' ' '" \
Use carriage return or arrow Keys to sfentef; data and move between fietdsi-
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
Hetp:|! Hextipi Prevrfl Limits:|§ Status:!!; Xpad:|S Cmnd Oops


,



;V.i'.. ' ..•_•'.

  Figure 4.24.   Save  (ASS)  screen, for sawing^iselected parameter
  values for soils in  buffer -fco.', a                       '

-------
4.4.3  Display Weighted Average Values for Soils Properties
f

Surma ry option > S£lS8| Value
Weight
Range
Output option > S|s|pS§ Display
Save
Parameters > LSAND SUR > LSAND
> none none > none
	 TMCTRIIPT

- table of parameter values
- summary of soils in buffer
- table of parameter ranges
- results on screen
- results in file on disk
SUB > LSAND SIR
none none none

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
lelp:|?| Next;||| Prev:|| Limits:|§ Status:|
!i Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops

  Figure 4.25.  Screen options selected to display weighted average
  values for soils properties.


INSTRUCTIONS                          ' '         	

(1) Select the Summarize option of the Analyze (A)  screen.  DBAPE
    now displays the Summarize (AS) screen  (see Figure 4.25 for an
    example).

(2) In the Summarize (AS)  screen specify Weight by typing W in the
    summary option field and Display by typing D in the output
    option field.

(3) Specify from one to six property/zone pairs for weighting and
    display.  Valid parameter names are listed in Table 4.2.  Zone
    should be specified as SUR for surface, SUB for subsoil or
    SIR for substratum.                                ,

(4) Use the Next command to generate the value table and
    display it on the screen.
                               48

-------
RESULTS
Figure 4.26 shows an example of the format of the weighted results
table which is produced.   In this case,  the table shows weighted
low sand values by,zone.
1

LSAND LSAND LSAND
SUR SUB STR
WEIGHTED VALUES: 73.412 72.068 73.651
SAMPLE SIZE: 238 190 106
- . . •• • • -

'Next1 command to go to next screen
telp:'!! Next:|2 Prev:|| Status:|| Xpad:|f Cmnd Uppg Intrpt

  Figure 4.26.  Display of weighted  average values and sample size
  for selected parameters based on soils in buffer.
Since the  individual  soils in the data base  may contain data on
one, two, or three zones, the Weight  (ASW)  screen also reports the
sample size on which the weighted average values are based.  In the
example shown Figure 4.26 the weighted low values for sand for the
surface, subsoil  and  substratum zones were computed using values
for  238,  190 and 106 soils,  respectively.   Great care must be
exercised when  interpreting ;weighted output due to the  fact that
the depthes of soil zones vary and all zones may not be defined for
the soils to be weighted.
                                49

-------
4.4.4   Save Weighted Average  Values for.Soils Properties
                  •••! * i1  '„•*>.'. ;--'^ viSJ ;-fi';\A. /  •'.-r;.  ...:.'..;'.'.. „',' .j.ii/.'.  •  ,,
^
i — Surranarize CAS) —
Summary option
Output option
, Parameters .„,
r INSTRUCT

Weight
Range
'' j. > |||||fllt< ' ^Display'" ,1
""""^""iv.vi.Sav^;-, '^
, >=I,SAND,,_,SUR,,,..,U.3U.SAND,.
> none none > none




- table of parameter values
- summary of soils in buffer
- table of parameter ranges
- .results on screen" ' • :
-f results in, file ;oij disk
,.SUB > LSAND ,,STR .
none none none



Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
elp:|fji Next:fr|
Prev:||: Limits:|| Status:!
\ Xpad:f$! Cmnd Oops
......
  Figure 4.27.   Screen options  selected to  save weighted average
  values for soils properties.^  .','"..',."..,'...,„'.'.'.., , ,!"".'.'	...'.'	'.	
INSTRUCTIONS               p-—	-  --•	

 (1)  Select the Summarize,,option,,of :the,Analyze  (A) screen.  DBAPE
      now displays the Summarize (AS) screen  (see Figure 4.27  for
      an example).. ;.— ;•.- ""••'  ...^L, x$>r.\ ni  -;&•;>&> ex&.-;.  ,.  ..«*•  j / ••

 (2)  In the Summarize (AS)  screen, specify Weight by typing W in
      the summary option field and Save by typing S in the output
      option field.

 (3)  Specify from one to six property/zone pairs  to  be weighted
      and saved.  Valid parameter  names are listed in Table 4.2.
      Zone should be specified as SUR for surface, SUB for subsoil
      or STR for substratum.

 (4)  Use the Next command to go to the next screen after data have
      been entered.    The next  screen  displayed will be  a Save
      (ASS)  screen (see Figure 4.28 for an example).

 (5)  In the highlighted field of the Save (ASS)  screen,  type  the
      name of the file in which you wish to  save the parameter
      values.
                                 50

-------
 (6)  Use  the Next command to cause the named file to  be created
     and  the weighted parameter values saved.           	




[RESULTS  :       ; '          •'';;;";     '•- ;';"    '             •                !

|A  file  containing  the  selected  weighted parameter values  for all
soils in the  buffer is created on disk.


          r-Save  (ASS)	•	

            Name of file in which to save summary results?















           -I NSTRUCT	
                         Enter data in highlighted field(s).
             Use carriage return or arrow keys  to enter data and move between fields
                Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
          Help:||  Next:|g P rev: If  Limits:!^  Status :|:| Xpad:j^  Cmnd Oops
  Figure  4.28.   Save  (ASS) screen used  for saving weighted average
  property values for soils in  buffer to a file.
                                      51

-------
4.4.5  Display Table of Property Value Ranges







K
s • e. ' '
Summary option > UPSfl Value
Weight
• • Range ••"•
Output option > JUJi^il Display
Save ,
Parameters > LSAND SUR > LSAND
> none none > none
INSTRUCT

- table of parameter values
- summary of soils in buffer
- table of parameter ranges
- results on screen
- results in file on disk
SUB > LSAND STR
none none none

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
elp:||j Hext:|| Prev:|jf Limits:!! Status:|
1 Xpad:|| Crnnd Oops
'-' •'•

'"- •





  Figure 4.29.   Screen options  selected to display ranges for soil
  property values.
INSTRUCTIONS

 (1)  Select the Summarize option of the Analyze (A) screen.  DBAPE
      now displays the Summarize (AS)  screen (see Figure 4.29 for
      an example).

 (2)  In the Summarize  (AS) screen specify Range by typing R in the
      summary  option field and Display by typing  D  in the output
      option field.,

 (3)  Specify  from  one to six property/zone  pairs  for which  to
      generate a table containing the count and percent of soils in
     .the buffer which  fall  within pre-specified ranges. ,,  Valid
      parameter  names  are  listed  in Table  4.2.   Zone  should  be
      specified  as  SUR  for surface, SUB  for  subsoil or  STR for
      substratum.

 (4)  Use the  Next command  to proceed to the Range (ASR) screen.
                               52

-------
 (5)  Edit  the Range  (ASR)  screen (Figure 4.30) by  entering .the
     starting value for the pre-specified ranges and the increment
     for each range.   There will always  be  ten ranges of value's
     for each table generated.     ,




1

Property Zone
LSAND SUR
LSAND SUB
LSAND ' STR

Enter
Use carriage return or
Use 'Next1 command
telprHf Next:!! Prev:"tl

Start Increment
0. 10.
0. 10. '
0. 10.
•. • • • - ' i
data in highlighted field(s).
arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
to, go to next screen when done entering data.
Limits:^! Status:|if Xpad:f|i Cmnd Oops Window
{

'

: :. • , . .,,.,,.,
  Figure 4.30.  Display of range information for selected parameter
  values of soils .in buffer. ,             .--.-.,.
RESULTS
          (-. •. •  •    ' •••'•    '   .      - -'  -•-....,••     ;''.::-..•   '    . ,
Figure 4.31 shows an  example of the format of the range table which
is produced.   This  example  was generated  from the  instructions
contained  in  Figures 4.29 and  4.30.  First,  the parameter zone
pairs of interest were specified using the Summarize  (AS) screen.
Low  sand  values for  all  three  soil  zones  were  selected  for
analysis.  Next, the starting values and increments for the range
analysis  were  specified  using t;he Range  (ASR)  screen.    The
parameters shown in  Figure 4.30 specify that three tables are  to
be produced  (one for low sand values for each zone), each with a
strting value of 0.0 and range increments of 10.0.  The table  in
figure 4.31 shows low values for sand in the surface zone  for soils
contained  in the buffer.   The first range (in this example, from
undefined  to  0.00)   is  for soils  with either  missing  values  or
values less than the upper boundary  of the range.
                                53

-------
r- Ranae CASR1

















for property LSAND zone SUR
from
undefined
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
90.00
100.00
— IHSTRUCT
•Next'
Help:|-| Next:|2 Prev:|§
to
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
90.00
100.00
1.0E30

command to
Status :;i|
count
4
1
0
0
2
2
11
66
71
53
30
0

go to next screen
Xpadrp Cmnd
percent
2.
0.
0.
0.
1.
1.
5.
27.
30.
22.
12.
0.

















Figure 4.31.  Histogram display of selected parameter values of
soils in buffer.
                             54

-------
4.4.6  Save Table of Property Value Ranges
\

Summary option > fiSSSll Value
Weight
Range
Output option > SAVE Display
Save
Parameters > LSAND SUR > LSAND
> none none > none
INSTRUCT

- table of parameter values
- summary of soils in buffer
- table of parameter ranges
- results on screen
- results in file on disk
SUB > LSAND STR
none none none

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next' command to go to next screen when done entering data.
lelp:|| Next:!! Prev:fi Limits:!!' Status:!
| Xpad:|§ Cmnd Oops

  Figure 4.32.   Screen options selected  to  save ranges for soils
  property values.
INSTRUCTIONS

 (1)   Select the Summarize option of the Analyze (A) screen.  DBAPE
      now displays  the Summarize (AS)  screen (see Figure 4.23 for
      an example.

 (2)   In the Summarize (AS) screen, specify Range  by typing R in
      the  summary  option field  and Save by typing S in the output
      option field.

 (3)   Specify  from one  to  six  property/zone  pairs for  which to
      generate a table containing the count and percent of soils
      in the buffer which fall within pre-specified ranges.  Valid
      parameter names are listed in Table 4.2.   Zone should be
      specified as SUR  for surface,  SUB  for  subsoil or STR for
      substratum.

 (4)   Use the  Next  command  to go to the next screen after data are
      entered.   The  next  screen displayed  will be a  Save (ASS)
      screen (see Figure 4.32 for an example).
                                55

-------
 (5)  In the highlighted field of the Save (ASS)  screen, type the
      name of the  file in which  you wish to save  the parameter
      range tables. ,                  .       .        ......

 (6)  Use the Next command to cause  the  named  file  to be created
      and the parameter range tables  to be saved.
RESULTS

A file containing the selected parameter range tables for all soils
in the buffer is created on disk.


Name of file in which to save summary results?
igjKy^^SZZS^Cl V'^_
JRSvm V......S..^..A .w ™ •• f

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
Help:l| Nextrff Prevrff Limits:|| Status:|f Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops .

  Figure 4.33.   Save (ASS) screen used to  save range values for
  properties of soils in buffer to a file.
                                56

-------
4.5  VIEW SEARCH RESULTS
t

Select 'an
Define
Find
Order
Summarize
Buffer
Return
INSTRUCT

Analyze option. ..-;...
- search criteria
- execute specified search
- sort buffer on selected property
- soils in buffer
- J&lfvidaat *of I ph^rtfas
- advanced buffer. maintenance ;
- back to Opening screen ; ' ,. , • :
- 	 - -••<•• •"•
- - t .-.,":
Select an option using arrow keys • ;
Then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
lelp:|l Next:f|| Status:§
\ Xpad:|| Cmnd
' •
  Figure 4.34.   selection  of the View option  on the Analyze  (A)
  screen.                                                        '
Use the View option of the Analyze  (A) screen to display detailed
information about the soils in the buffer after a search has been
completed.  This capability allows  you to display ,or save all of
the soil  property  values for the  soils in the .buffer.   It also
allows you to display maps  showing the locations of the soils in
the  buffer and  the  first order  meteorologic  stations  in  the
geographic area of interest.

When the View option is selected on the Analyze (A) screen,;DBAPE
displays the View  (AV)  screen (see Figure  4.34 if or an example1) .
Soils can then be (1)  Displayed,  (2) Saved or  (3) Mapped.  The Map
option  the View  (AV)  screen has  options  to display  only soil
locations  or  both  soil  locations  and  first  order  stations.
Sections  4.5.1  through  4.5.4 give  instructions for each  of  the
options.
                                57

-------
4.5.1  Display Properties Details for Individual Soils
I
Miru fAVl
Select soil search results View option.
Save - details of search results
Hap - showing location of selected soils
Return - to Analyze screen
—TU1TRMPT
Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
!elp:|i! Next:||: Status :|;| Xpad:|| Ctnnd

  Figure 4.35.  Selection of  the  Display option on the View (AV)
  screen.
INSTRUCTIONS

(1) Select the View option of the Analyze (A) screen.

(2) Select the Display option of the View (AV) screen  (see Figure
    4.35).

RESULTS

The  Display  (AVD)  screen  (see Figure  4.36)  shows  all  of  the
property values  for  individual soils in the buffer.   The screen
provides the following information:

 (1)  soil series name

 (2)  soil number (first two characters indicate soils data base:
      ML,   PI,   P4,   PO;  remaining  characters   indicate  soil
      identification  number)
                                58

-------





f

Display (AVD)

SOIL SERIES (NAME)> ALAGA SOIL NUMBER (NUMERIC CODE)> ML 1
DEPTH(CM) CLASS % SAND % CLAY BULK DENS. ORG. MAT. AVAIL H20 HGRP
LH LH LH LH LH
SUR 15.2 4 65 90 2 10 1.30 1.70 0.5 1.0 0.05 0.09 A
SUB 254.0 4 65 90 2 10 1.301.70 ' O.'l 0.3 0.050.09
POTENTIAL CROPS . ; : '
1 CORN 5 PEANUTS 3 GRASS/PAS/HAY ;
INSTRUCT
	 	 | Next ' . command to go to next screen 	 	
)etp:i|! Next:!! Prevrjif • Intrpt:|! Status:^ Xpad;|f Cmnd








 Figure  4,36,   Screen displaying properties for.individual soils.
 (3)
zone-specific  characteristics for up  to three  soil  layers
(SUR:surface/ SUBisubsoil, STR:substratum); data include:
        *

        *

        *
 (4)

 (5)
          zone thickness  (centimeters)           ";>••' ••-' - •'-"''•

          textural  classification (see-Table B.i'j  :: '     • ;

          particle  textrue (low and high values: for 'percent
          sand and  clay)

  *       bulk  density (low and  high values  (megagrams  per
          cubic meter))

  *       organic matter  (low  and high  percent values)  "'-

  *       available water  (low  and  high  values  for  cubic
          meters water per cubic  meter  soil volume)

SCS hydrologic soil group classification (A/'B, C,  or D)

crop potential
If a geographic specification was made for the search, the  number
of acres  found and  the geographic  area specified  also will be
displayed.   The user  may move  forward  or  backward through the
                                59

-------
buffer, viewing individual  soil  properties,  by using the Next or
Prev commands, respectively. The Zntrpt command is used to end the
display of soil properties.
4.5.2  Save Properties Details for Individual Soils





J
Viru (IM)
Select soil search results View option.
Display - details of search results
Map - showing location of selected soils
Return - to Analyze screen 	 	
	 TMiTRiirr

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or . ,
- Type the first letter of an option. ' "'
lelprfj Hext:|2 Status:|| Xpad:|g Cmnd






  Figure 4.37.
  screen.
Selection of  the Save  option  on the  View (AV)
INSTRUCTIONS

 (1)  Select the View option of the Analyze (A)  screen.

 (2)  Select the Save option of the View (AV)  screen (see Figure
      4.37).  DBAPE now displays the Save  (AVS) screen (see Figure
      4.38).

 (3)  In the highlighted field  of the Save  (AVS) screen, enter the
      name of the  file  in which you wish  to  save the individual
      soils property values.

RESULTS

A file  containing  the soil property values for each soil in the
buffer is created on disk.
                                60

-------
f
i Save (AVS)
Name of file in which to save soil search results display?
--«vsry;- , , ,', .,, *, 
-------
4.5.3  Produce Map Showing Location of Soils in Buffer
f

Select soil search results View option.
Display - details of search results
Save - details of search results
Return - to Analyze screen
iiioTpnrT
Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
lelp:=H Next:|H Status:^ Xpad:'fg Cmnd

  Figure 4.39,
  screen.
Selection of  the Save  option on the  View  (AV)
INSTRUCTIONS

 (1)  Select the View option of the Analyze (A)  screen.

 (2)  Select the Map  option of the View  (AV)  screen (see Figure
      4.39).   DBAPE now displays the Map (AVM) screen (see Figure
      4.40).

 (3)  In the Map (AVM)  screen,  specify the graphic device on which
      the map is to  be displayed by selecting  an  option for the
      first data field.  The options are Display, PRint, and PLot
      and they direct the map to be  output to the screen, printer,
      or plotter,  respectively.

 (4)  Enter N in the second data field of the Map (AVM)  screen to
      display only the locations of the soils.   Use the Next
      command to continue.

 (5)  If the map is being output to the screen or plotter, DBAPE
      now  displays the  Display  (AVMD)  screen for setting colors
                                62

-------
      for the   map.   After modifying  as  desired,  use  the Next
      command.

RESULTS

A map  displaying the locations .(by  county)  of the soils  in the
buffer is generated  (see Figure 4.41).
\
—Mnrt f AVM^
Map output device > &S&UH
Show me teoro logic locations > NO
.TMOTpllpT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next' command to go to next screen when done entering data.
telp:ll Next:|| Prev:l| Limits:|S Status:!! Qm"et:H xPac':II CnrK' °°PS

  Figure 4.40.  Hap  (AVM)  screen  options selected to produce map
  showing location of soils in the buffer.
                                63

-------
Figure 4.41.  Map showing location of soils in buffer.
                         64

-------
4.5.4  Display and Identify NOAA First Order Stations
\
V/iou ( Wl
' Select soil search results View option.
Display - details of search results
< Save. — details of search results
«&$ *'\;"~~$!&rttt$ Cosat|«n <&%$&&•&) solis J,;
Return - to Analyze screen
V
..I MCTR(lf*T
, ' Select, an option using arrow keys,
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or:-:--'
- : Type the first letter of an option. - ,
telp:|| Next:f| Xpad:f| Cmnd -
' '- • •"' '^'\ '- "" '-.'•-. :' , -••-••• •''•
-'-
Figure  4.42.   Selection  of  the Map  option on thevview  (AV)  screen.
INSTRUCTIONS    :,       ^

 (1)  Select the View option of the Analyze (A)  screen.

 (2)  Select the Map'option of the View  (AV)  screen (see Figure
      4.42).  DBAPE now displays the Map (AVM) screen (see Figure
      4.43) .

 (3)  In the Map (AVM)  screen,  specify the graphic device on which
      the map is to  be displayed by selecting  an  option for the
      first data field.  The options are Display, PRint, and PLot
      and they direct the  map to be output to the screen, printer,
      or plotter, respectively.  Toidentify first order stations
      on the map, you must use the Display option.

 (4)  Enter Y in the second data field of the Map (AVM) screen to
      display the locations of the first order stations.  Use the
      Next command to continue.

 (5)  If the map is being output to the screen or plotter, DBAPE
      now  displays the Display (AVMD)  screen for setting colors
      for the   map.   After 'modifying  as  desired,  use the Next
      command.
                                65

-------
  (6)  A map showing the locations of both the soils in the buffer
      and the first  order stations is now  displayed  (see Figure
      4.44).   If the Display option was selected for the first data
      field in the  Map (AVM)  screen,  the user may now identify
      first order stations.   Use  the arrow keys or  a mouse to move
      the cursor to  the location of interest and  then  type  I to
      identify the nearest first  order station.

RESULTS

A map displaying both the  locations of the soils in the buffer and
the first  order  stations  is  generated.   If the  user identifies
first  order  stations,  the names of the  stations  identified are
output to the users printer.
h
— Hnn f AVHV
Hap output device > ^|>]||$$i
Show meteorotogic locations > YES
I HSTRUCT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
elprfff Hext:|| Prev:|f Limits:|f Status:|| Quiet:|| Xpadrlf Cmnd Oops

 Figure 4.43.   Map (AVM) screen options selected  to  produce  map
 showing location  of  soils  in buffer and first  order  stations.
                               66

-------
Figure 4.44.  Map showing location of soils in buffer and first
order stations.
                              67

-------
4.6  MANIPULATE  BUFFER CONTENTS
K
[—Analyze (A) — 	 - 	 — 	
Select an
Define
Find
Order
Summarize
View
Return
—INSTRUCT

Analyze option.
- search criteria
- execute specified search
- sort buffer on selected property
- soils in buffer
- individual soil properties
- back to Opening screen

Select an option using arrow keys
Then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
elprJH Hext:|| Status:^
! Xpad:|| Cmnd

  Figure 4.45.   Selection of the Buffer option on the Analysis  (A)
  screen.
Use the Buffer option of the Analyze (A) screen  (see Figure 4.45,
for example)  to perform tasks  related specifically to  the soil
numbers buffer.  These tasks include the following:

 (1)  Adding a soil number  to the buffer.

 (2)  Deleting a soil number from the buffer.

 (3)  Listing the soils  currently in the buffer.

 (4)  Clearing all soil  numbers  in the  buffer.

 (5)  Saving the soil numbers in  the buffer to a specified file on
      disk.

 (6)  Retrieving soil numbers from an existing  file on  disk.
                                68

-------
4.6.1  Add a Soil to the Buffer










-Buffer (AB) 	
Select
**& ,
Delete
List
Clear
Save
Get
Return



a Buffer management option.
'* a salt to t&6 exiStfrti-'lsuff*r
- a'soH from the existing buffer
- soils currently in buffer
- the existing buffer
- the buffer on a file
- an old buffer from a file
- back to Analyze

.— INSTRUCT 	 	
Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
Help:|| Next:f| Status:|









| Quiet:fl Xpad:jH Cmnd
  Figure  4.46
  screen.
Selection of  the  Add option on  the Buffer  (AB)
 INSTRUCTIONS                 .   .

  (1)  Select the Buffer option of the Analyze (A) screen.

  (2)  Select the Add  option  of the Buffer  (AB)  screen (see Figure
      4.46).  DBAPE now displays the Add  (ABA)  screen (see Figure
      4.47).                                               ,

  (3)  In the highlighted  field of the Add  (ABA)  screen enter,  the
      soil number which you  want to add to the buffer.

 RESULTS

 The soil number which was  entered in the  data field  of  the  Add
 (ABA)  screen will now be included in the soils buffer.   If the soil
 number entered was already present in the buffer,  the soil number
 will not be added  to  the  buffer and a message will be displayed to
 let the user know this is the case.
                                 69

-------

i— Artd (ABA) 	

Enter the soil number to add to the buffer >-,x, ,3
STATUS
Type: HL.P1.P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Complete
Buffer: 48 soils
INSTRUCT

Geographic: St:NY Co:All
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
Hetp:ff Next:f! Prev:|
% Limits:!! Status:!! Quiet:|| Xpad:f$ Cmnd Oops

Figure 4.47.  Specification of a soil number to be added to the
buffer by using the Add (AB) screen.
                              70

-------
4.6.2  Delete a Soil from the Buffer










— Buffer (AB) 	
Select
Add
List
Clear
Save
Get
Return







a Buffer management option.
- a soil to the existing buffer
- soils currently%in buffer
- the existing buffer
- the buffer on a file
- an old buffer from a file
- back to Analyze









'

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type
Help:|| Next:'!! Status:|f
the first letter of an option.



\ Quiet:f$ Xpad:|$ Cmnd
  Figure 4.48.
  screen.
Selection of the Delete option on the Buffer (AB)
INSTRUCTIONS

  (1)  Select the Buffer option of the Analyze (A) screen.

  (2)  Select  the Delete  option  of  the  Buffer  (AB)  screen  (see
      Figure  4.48).   DBAPE  now displays the Delete  (ABD)  screen
      (see Figure  4.49).

  (3)  In the  first  highlighted  field of the Delete  (ABD)  screen,
      enter the soil  number which you  want to  remove from  the
      buffer.   You  also  may  specify whether to delete  all  of  the
      soils in the buffer following the soil number entered in  the
      first data field.   This is done by  entering Y or N  in  the
      second data field.
                                71

-------
RESULTS

The soil number which  was  entered  in  the  first data field of the
Delete (ABD) screen will now be removed  from the soils buffer,  if
the soil number  entered was not present in the buffer,  the soil
number can  not be deleted from the buffer and a  message will be
displayed to  let the  user know this  is the  case.   If  the user
entered Y in the  second data field, all  of the soils in the buffer
following the soil number entered in the first data field will be
removed from the buffer.
h
r^Jelete (ABD)
Enter the soil number to remove from the buffer > ' 0
Delete all soils following the above soil > NO
r STATUS
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil Geographic: St:NY Co:AU
Mode: Geo. only Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES
Search: Complete
Buffer: 48 soils
INSTRUCT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
	
elp:f| Next:H' Prev:|| Limits:^ Status:^ Quiet:|| Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops
-
 Figure 4.49.   Specification  of  a  soil number  to  be  deleted  from
 the buffer by  using the Delete  (ABD) screen.
                               72

-------
4.6.3  List Soils Numbers for Soils in Buffer


Select
Add
Delete
£?*%,,
Clear
Save
Get
Return

1 ' : ~ .. • ' .
a Buffer management option. . .
- a soil to the existing buffer
- a soil from the existing buffer . ....
- .$<#£$ cerrwitj&y'j $R fcuf fw
-The existing buffer
- the buffer on a file
- an old buffer from a file
- back to Analyze

i— INSTRUCT 	 	 	
Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
Help:H Next: If Status :f


1
f Quiet:|| Xpad:|| Grand
  Figure  4.50.   Selection of the  List  option on the Buffer  (AB)
  screen.
 INSTRUCTIONS

  (1)  Select the Buffer option of the Analyze  (A) screen.

  (2)  Select the List option of the Buffer (AB) screen (see Figure
      4.50).
                                 73

-------
RESULTS

The List  (ABL)  screen will display the soil numbers currently in
the buffer (see Figure  4.51).   If there  are more  soils  in the
buffer than can be displayed in the data window, the  user may paae
up and down to view additional soil numbers.

•-List rAsn 	
(
The soils buffer currently contains the following soil numbers:
pST^I "5^- 	
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Subset buffer
Search: Complete
Buffer: 1 soils
-INSTRUCT
Geographic: St:NY Co:All
•Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES

'Next' command to go to next screen
Help:|| Next:p; Prev:£
1 Status:.!! Quiet:!! Xpad:|| Cmnd

 Figure 4.51.  Listing of the soil numbers in the buffer by using
 the List  (ABL) screen.
                               74

-------
4.6.4  Clear the Buffer




Select
Add
Delete
List
Save
Get
Return


a Buffer management option. .
- a soil to the existing buffer
- a soil from the existing buffer
- soils currently in buffer
- the buffer on a file
- an old buffer from a file
- back to Analyze

—INSTRUCT 	 -. 	 	 	 : 	 	
Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
Help:!! Next:f! Status:^
1 Quiet:|! Xpad:|| Cmnd



  Figure 4.52.  Selection  of  the Clear option on the Buffer  (AB)
  screen.
INSTRUCTIONS

(1)  Select  the Buffer option  of the Analyze  (A)  screen.

(2)  Select  the Clear option of the Buffer  (AB)  screen  (see  Figure
     4.52).  DBAPE now displays the Clear  (ABC)  screen  (see  Figure
     4.53).

(3)  Select  the Yes  option of  the Clear  (ABC)  screen.

RESULTS

All  of the  soil  numbers  in the buffer will be removed.
                                75

-------
i— Clear (ABC)'

Are you sure you want to clear the buffer?
$3?^~ ft<$s(t thfcJfciMfNr
No - don't touch' niy buffer
i-STATUS 	
Type: HL,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
pIHSTRlir.T

Geographic: None
Properties: All

Select an option using arrow keys ' 	
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
Help:|| Hext:£f Prev:i
(|l Status:!^ Quiet:I.I Xpad1!! Cmnd

Figure 4.53.   Selection of the  Yes  option on  the  Clear (ABC)
screen to empty the buffer.
                             76

-------
4.6.5  Save Buffer Soils Numbers in a File









Select
Add
Delete
List
Clear
Get""*
Return


a Buffer management option.
- a soil to the existing buffer
- a soil from the existing buffer
- soils currently in buffer
- the existing buffer , . . . .
:S£ffi5s$?^S&Ss8w»sfe?:SSS
- an old buffer from a file
- back to Analyze .

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the fZ key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
Help:!! Next;!! Status;!








! Quiet:|| Xpad:|$! Cmnd , . 	
  Figure 4.54,
  screen.
Selection of the  Save option on the  Buffer (AB)
INSTRUCTIONS

 (1)  Select the Buffer option of the Analyze (A)  screen.

 (2)  Select the Save option of the Buffer  (AB) screen  (see Figure
      4.54).  DBAPE now displays  the  Save  (ABS) screen  (see Figure
      4.55).

 (3)  In the highlighted field of the Save (ABS)  screen, type the
      name of the file in which you wish to save the soil numbers
      in the buffer.

RESULTS

A  file containing the  soil  numbers  in the buffer  is created on
disk.
                                77

-------
I
Save (ABS)
Name of file in which to save buffer?
STATUS
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil Geographic: St:NY Co:AU
Mode: Geo. only Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES
Search: Complete , "
Buffer: 48 soils
INSTRUCT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
lelp:^ Next:f|? Prev:|H Limits:§| Status:|§ Quiet :|8 Xpad:|i "Cnrid Oops

Figure 4.55.   Save  (ABS)  screen for saving the soil numbers in
the buffer to a file.
                              78

-------
4.6.6  Retrieve Soils Numbers File


1

Select
Add
Delete
List
Clear
Save
Return


a Buffer management option.
- a soil to the existing buffer
- a soil from the existing buffer
- soils currently in buffer
- the existing buffer
- the buffer on a file
- back to Analyze " " , ,
	 -..-..
Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option. ' '
telp:|| Next:|| Status:|
[ Quiet:i6 X pad: If Cmnd



  Figure 4.56.
  screen.
Selection of  the  Get option on  the Buffer  (AB)
INSTRUCTIONS

 (1)  Select the Buffer option of the Analyze (A)  screen.

 (2)  Select the Get option of the Buffer (AB) screen  (see Figure
      4.56).  DBAPE now displays the Get 
-------

i—Get (ABC)

Name of file from which to get buffer?
[— STATUS
Type: HL.P1,P4 soil
Mode: Geo. only
Search: Complete
Buffer: 48 soils
INSTRUCT

Geographic: St:NY Co:AU
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
Help:|f Next:|f! Prev::
|' Limits:.!!; status:H Qui"et=-P ^P^-M Cmr** Oops

Figure 4.57.  Get  (ABG) screen for retrieving soil numbers in a
buffer from a file.
                              80

-------
                            SECTION 5

                             ESTIMATE
USE THIS SECTION FOR INSTRUCTIONS ON HOW TO PERFORM TASKS RELATED
TO PARAMETER OR TIMESERIES ESTIMATION.

DBAPE can,estimate:                                     ,

 (1)  values for selected parameters of the PRZM component of the
      RUSTIC model (see Section 5.1)

 (2)  values for selected parameters of the VADOFT component of the
      RUSTIC model (see Section 5.2)

 (3)  functional  relationships for  pressure  head versus  water
      content and  water content versus relative permeability based
      on the estimated  values " of VADOFT  parameters  (see Section
      5.3)

All parameter  value estimates made by  DBAPE  use data  from the
geographic and soils properties data bases; estimates are performed
only for soils contained in the search buffer at the conclusion of
ANALYZE activities.  When  you have  specified the subset of soils
for which  you wish to  develop parameter estimates by using the
ANALYZE capabilities,  and have completed all the support activities
which you desire  (e.g., displaying,  sorting, saving files) return
to opening  screen (Figure 3.3) of DBAPE  and  select  the Estimate
option.  All instructions for parameter  estimation (Sections 5,1 -
5.3) begin at the Estimate  (E) screen (Figure 5.1).        ,
                                81

-------
 5.1   ESTIMATE VALUES FOR PRZM MODEL PARAMETERS
h
r-Estimate (E)
Select an Estimate option.
£ls-m ^ ^"^fltt^ftft^SSJ model psfcaroet&rs
Vadoft - estimate VADOFT model parameters
Functions - develop functional relationships for soil-water characteristics
Return - to opening screen
INSTRUCT
Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
elp:|| Next:'|| Status:|| Xpad:jf| Cmnd

 Figure 5.1.  Selection of Przm option on the Estimate (E) screen.
Use the Przm option of the Estimate (E)  screen to estimate midpoint
and range  values  for (1) wilting point,  (2)  field capacity as a
function of wilting point and available water, (3) field capacity
at -0.10 matric potential  and  (4)  field capacity at -0.33 matric
potential.  DBAPE can compute parameter value estimates either for
(1) each zone (surface, subsoil, substratum) of each soil for which
data are available in the search buffer or (2) an areally-weighted
average for each zone based on the relative acreages of the soils
contained  in  the buffer.   The  estimates which are  computed can
either be displayed on the screen or saved to a file on disk.
                                82

-------
5.1.1  Display PRZM Estimates for Individual Soils
^
i Prim (EP)
Estimate option > IN&J&IBti&jL Individual - one soil at a time
Weighted - summary of soils, in buffer
Output option > WSPtAV ' Display - table on screen
Save - table in file on disk
INSTRUCT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
elp:.|| Next:||j Prev:|l Limits:!$> Status:|f Xpad:|^ Cmnd Oops

  Figure 5.2.  Screen options  selected  to display Przm estimates
  for individual soils.
INSTRUCTIONS

 (1)  Select the Przm option on the Estimate (E) screen  (see Figure
      5.2).

 (2)  Specify Individual by typing I in the estimate option field
      and Display by typing  D in the output  option  field in the
      Przm (EP)  screen.

 (3)  Use the Next command to initiate the display of estimates.

RESULTS

For  each soil  contained  in the  search  buffer,  a display table
containing midpoint and range estimates for PRZM model parameters
will be generated for each of the three soil zones for which data
are  available.  The display table for the top zone  of the first
soil in the buffer will  be displayed automatically.  Others may be
displayed in sequence by using the Next command.
                                83

-------
Figure 5.3 is an example of the display screens which are produced.
The screen provides the following information:

 (1) soil series name

 (2) soil buffer sequence number and  number of  soils  in buffer
     (e.g., "1 of 3")

 (3) soil zone  for which  parameter  estimates are displayed (SUR,
     SUB or STR)

 (4) depth of zone

 (5) midpoint and range estimates for the following:

       *  percent organic matter

       *  wilting point

       *  field  capacity  (results of three  different estimation
          techniques are reported - see Appendix D for details)
I
~Di~ploy (EFD)

Soil > ALAGA ( 1 of 3 ) Layer > SUR Depth 15.3
Organic Wilting Field Capacity
Hatter Point wlpt&aw -.10 bar -.33 bar *
(percent)
Midpoint Estimate 0.75 0.06927 0.13927 0.17739 0.15128
Estimated Range 0.5 0.03777 0.08777 0.10996 0.08859
1. 0.10077 0.19077 0.24482 0.21396
Note: use Intrpt command to quit display and return to Przm screen.
.TMTTPIlrT
Use
lelp:E| Hext:|| Prev

View data in highlighted field.
'Help' command to see field def inition(s).
:|| Limits:^ !ntrpt:||j Status :|| Xpad:fj| Cmnd

  Figure 5.3.  Display  screen for individual soils  for  the Przm
  option of Estimate.
                               84

-------
5.1.2  Save PRZM Estimates for Individual Soils
\

Estimate option > JJ)t>lVJDW*t Individual - one soil at a time
Weighted - summary of soils in buffer
Output option > SfttfE ' Display - table on screen
Save - table in file on disk
I U4TPI tf*T
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
)elp:|I Next:|i Prev:|i Limits:|S Status :|i Xpad:|$ Cmnd Oops

  Figure 5.4.   Screen options selected to save PRZM  estimates for
  individual soils.
INSTRUCTIONS

 (1)  Select the Przm option on the Estimate (E)  screen.

 (2)  Specify Individual by typing I in the estimate option field
      and Save by typing 8 in the output option field in the Przm
      (EP)  screen (see Figure 5.4 for example).

 (3)  Use the Next command to go to the next screen after data are
      entered.   The  next screen displayed  will  be a  Save (EPS)
      screen (see Figure 5.5 for example).
                          4
 (4)  In the highlighted field of the Save (EPS)  screen, type the
      name of the file in which you wish to save  the estimates.

 (5)  Use the Next command to  cause  the  named file to be created
     . and the estimates saved.

RESULTS

A file containing the PRZM parameter estimates for all soils in the
search buffer is created on disk.
                                85

-------
      r-Save -
        Mame^of file. invwhich to save PRZM parameter estimation res
                                            results?
      r-INSTRUCT-
                        Enter data in highlighted field(s).
         Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
            Use 'Next' command to go to next screen when done entering data.
     Help:|
Next:*
Prev:§|  Limits:|S  Status:|§  Xpad:||  Cmnd Oops
Figure 5.5.   Save screen  for the Przm option  of  Estimate.
                                       86

-------
5.1.3  Display PRZM Estimates for Weighted Soils
1
Prrm fPP^
Estimate option > W|||l§if|S||; Individual - one soil at a time
Weighted - summary of soils in buffer
Output option > Display - table on screen
Save - table in file on disk
TUCTPIIrT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
telp:|H Next:i| Prev:ff Limits:'!! Status:|jf Xpad:f$ Cmnd Oops

  Figure 5.6.  Screen options  selected  to  display PRZM estimates
  for weighted soils.
INSTRUCTIONS

 (1)  Select the Przm option on the Estimate (E)  screen.

 (2)  Specify Weighted by typing W in the estimate option field and
      Display by typing D in the output option  field in the Przm
      (EP)  screen (see Figure 5.6  for example).

 (3)  Use the Next command to initiate the display  of estimates.

RESULTS

Figure 5.7  is an example  of the display screen which is produced
for weighted estimates for PRZM model parameters.
                                87

-------
The screen provides the following information:

 (1) number of soils used to develop weighted parameter estimates

 (2) zone-specific   (SUR:surface,   SUB:subsoil,  STR:substratum)
     weighted estimates for the following:

       *  percent organic matter

       *  wilting point

       *  field  capacity  (results of three  different estimation
          techniques are reported - see Appendix D for details)

 (3) number of soils used to develop weighted parameter Estimated
     for each zone

Great care must be exercised when  interpreting weighted output due
to the fact that the depths of  soil  zones vary and all zones may
not be defined for the soils to be weighted.


K
Weight (EPW)

Weighted Estimates from
Number
of soils
Zone averaged
SUR 7
SUB 5
STR 1
INSTRUCT

elp:U Next:H
Organic
Hatter
(percent)
0.26
0.24
0.15


7 soil(s)
Wilting Field Capacity
Point wlpt&aw -.10 bar -.33 bar
0.0249 0.0949 0.0975 0.07488
0.0369 0.1069 0.1115 0.08913
0.16153 0.31153 0.28138 0.25677

View data in highlighted field.
Use 'Help1 command to see field definition(s).



Limits:j|§ Status:|| Xpad:|| Cmnd
  Figure 5.7.   Display screen  for weighted  soils  for  the  Przm
  option of Estimate.
                               88

-------
5.1.4  Save PRZM Estimates for Weighted Soils
1

Estimate option > WEfcfiSTE)!) Individual - one soil at a time
Weighted - summary of soils in buffer
Output option > Ijj^VE ' % Display - table on screen
Save - table in file on disk
_..T|JCT|?lirT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.

-------
5.2  ESTIMATE VALUES FOR VADOFT MODEL PARAMETERS
t

Which Estimate option?
Functions - develop functional relationships for soil-water characteristics
Return - to opening screen
_ TU'STPIlrT
Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
!elp:|;| Next: ||; Status :££ Xpad:f$ Cmnd

  Figure 5.9.  Selection of the Vadoft option on the Estimate (E)
  screen.
Use the Vadoft option  of  the Estimate (E)  screen (see Figure 5.9
for example) to estimate midpoint and range values for  (1) residual
water content, (2)  saturated hydraulic conductivity as computed by
Rawls  and   Brakensiek's   regression  equations,  (3)  saturated
hydraulic conductivity as computed  by Childs and Collis-George's
series-parallel model,  and (4)  the parameters (alpha, beta, gamma)
used  for   the  van  Genuchten  formulation  of  the  soil-water
characteristic curve.  DBAPE can compute parameter value estimates
either for  (1)  each  zone  (surface,  subsoil,  substratum)  of each
soil for which data  are available  in the  search buffer or (2)  an
areally-weighted  average   for  each  zone  based  on the  relative
acreages of the soils contained in the buffer. The estimates which
are computed can either be displayed on the screen or saved to a
file on disk.
                                90

-------
5.2.1  Display VADOFT Estimates for Individual Soils
^

Estimate option > lli§|il!ilff Individual - one soil at a time
Weighted - summary of soils in buffer
Output option > 6I§PtJ^ ^ Display - table on screen
Save - table in file on disk
IUOTPIIPT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move, between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
(elprfl Next:||j Prevrff Limits:!^' Status :|1 Xpad:f$ Cmnd Oops

  Figure 5.10.  Screen options selected to display VADOFT estimates
  for individual  soils.
INSTRUCTIONS

 (1)  Select the Vadoft option on the Estimate  (E)  screen.

 (2)  Specify Individual by typing I in the estimate option field
      and Display by typing  D in the output option  field  in the
      Vadoft (EV)  screen (see Figure 5.10  for example).

 (3)  Use the Next command to initiate the display  of estimates.

RESULTS

For each soil contained  in the  search  buffer,  a  display table
containing midpoint and range estimates for VADOFT model parameters
will be generated for each of the three soil zones for which data
are available.   The display table for the top zone  of the first
soil in the buffer will be displayed automatically.  Others may be
displayed in sequence by using the Next command.
                                91

-------
Figure  5.11  is an  example  of the  display  screens which  are
produced.  The screen provides the following information:

 (1) soil series name

 (2) soil buffer  sequence number and  number of soils  in buffer
     (e.g., "1 of 30")

 (3) soil zone  for which parameter  estimates are displayed (SUR,
     SUB, STR)

 (4) depth of zone

 (5) midpoint and range estimates for the following:

       *  residual water content

       *  saturated   hydraulic   conductivity  (results   of   two
          different  estimation  techniques   are  reported  -  see
          Appendix D for details)

       *  parameters of the van  Genuchten formulation of the soil-
          water characteristic  curve  (alpha,  beta,  gamma)  (see
          Appendix D for details)
K
Di- la- EVD
Soil > ALAGA ( 1 of 30) Zone > SUR Depth > 15.2
Residual Saturated Hydraulic van Genuchten
Water Conduct ivity( cm/day) alpha beta gamma
Content Rawls Collis
Midpoint Estimate 0.0519 260. 1000. 0.116 1.44 0.305
Estimated Range 0.0345 32. 260. 0.0561 1.43 0.301
0.0654 970. 1600. 0.15 1.46 0.317
Note: use Intrpt command to quit display and return to Vadoft screen.
INSTRUCT
Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
elp:||j Next:|| Prev:|| Limits:^ Intrpt:|| Status:!! Xpad:||: Cmnd

 Figure 5.11.  Display screen for individual soils for the Vadoft
 option of Estimate.
                               92

-------
5.2.2  Save VADOFT Estimates for Individual Soils
1

Estimate option > iHllilili Individual -
Weighted
Output option > SAVE % ' ' Display
Save


one soil at a time
summary of soils in buffer
table on screen
table in file on disk

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
1elp:|| Next:|| Prev:|| Limits:^ Status:|
| Xpad:|9 Cmnd Oops

  Figure 5.12.  Screen  options  selected to save VADOFT estimates
  for individual soils.
INSTRUCTIONS

  (1)  Select the Vadoft option on the Estimate (E)  screen.

  (2)  Specify Individual by typing I in the estimate option field
      and Save by typing S in the output option field in the Vadoft
      (EV) screen (see Figure 5.12 for example).

  (3)  Use the Next command to go to the next screen  after  data are
      entered.   The next screen  displayed will be a  Save  (EVS)
      screen  (see Figure 5.13 for example).

  (4)  In the highlighted field of the Save (EVS) screen type, the
      name of the file in which you wish to save the estimates.

  (5)  Use the Next  command to  cause the named file to be created
      and the estimates saved.

RESULTS

A file containing the  VADOFT parameter estimates for all  soils  in
the search buffer is created on disk.
                                93

-------





f
Save (EVS)
Name of file in which to save VADOFT parameter estimation results?
;£K3gSSWS!£®S*K»">vy>--w^%v' v.vvv\i-^-iv-~.wvf 	 vffjr--ff*-e-f-sssfff 	 v 	 — 	 - 	 	

INSTRUCT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
letp:|| Next:I| Prev:|| Limits:|| Status:|| Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops






Figure 5.13.  Save screen for the Vadoft option of Estimate.
                            94

-------
5.2.3  Display VADOFT Estimates for Weighted Soils
w
1
LuV-irirt-ft- (F\t^ •- .,..."
Estimate option > UBtSSTSft , Individual - one soil at a time
, Weighted - summary of soils in buffer
Output option > 0;J$PtA¥ Display - table on screen
Save - table in file on disk

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
1elp:|j| Next:f! Prev:|i Limits:|| Status:|j| Xpad:|§ Cmnd Oops

  Figure 5.14.  Screen options selected to display VADOFT estimates
  for weighted soils.
INSTRUCTIONS

 (1)  Select the Vadoft option on the Estimate (E)  screen.

 (2)  Specify Weighted  by typing W in the estimate option field and
      Display by typing D in the  output option field in the Vadoft
      (EV)  screen (see  Figure  5.14 for example).

 (3)  Use the Next command  to  initiate the display  of  estimates.

RESULTS

Figure 5.15 is an example of the display screen which is produced
for weighted  estimates for VADOFT model  parameters.   The screen
provides the  following  information:

 (1) number of soils used to develop weighted parameter values
                                95

-------
  (2) zone-specific   (SUR:surface,   SUB:subsoil,
     weighted estimates for the following:
STR:substratum)
       *  residual water content

       *  saturated   hydraulic  conductivity   (results   of  two
          different  estimation  techniques  are  reported  -  see
          Appendix D for details)

       *  parameters of the van Genuchten formulation of the soil-
          water  characteristic curve  (alpha,  beta, gamma)  (see
          Appendix D for details)

 (3) number of soils used to develop weighted parameter estimates
     for each zone

Great care must be exercised when interpreting weighted output due
to the fact that  the depths of soil  zones vary and all zones may
not be defined for the soils to be weighted.


X
i— Weight (EVW)

Weighted Estimates from
Nunber
of soils
Layer averaged
SUR 3
SUB 2
STR 1
—INSTRUCT

elp:f|| Next:||S
Residual
Water
Content
0.0433
0.0479
0.106


3 soil(s)
Saturated Hydraulic
Conductivity(cm/day) van Genuchten
Rawls Col I is alpha beta gamma
380. 1600. 0.117 1.47 0.322
460. 2000. 0.131 1.47 0.318
87. 27000. 0.112 1.26 0.209

View data in highlighted field.
Use 'Help1 command to see field definition(s).



Limits:!! status:ll XP31^!! Cmnd
 Figure  5.15.   Display screen for weighted soils  for  the  vadoft
 option  of Estimate.
                               96

-------
5.2.4  Save VADOFT Estimates for Weighted Soils


Estimate option > WgHpTpCf Individual - one soil at a time
Weighted - summary of soils in buffer
Output option > SAVE w % " Display - table on screen
Save - table in file on disk

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
rtelp:|f. Next:|| Prev:|| Limits:^ Status:|| Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops

  Figure 5.16.  Screen  options  selected to save VADOFT estimates
  for weighted soils.
INSTRUCTIONS

  (1)  Select the Vadoft option on the Estimate (E) screen.

  (2)  Specify Weighted by typing W in the estimate option field and
      Save by typing  S in the output  option field in the Vadoft
      (EV) screen (see figure 5.16 for example).

  (3)  Use the Next command to go to the next screen after data are
      entered.   The next  screen  displayed will  be a Save  (EVS)
      screen (see Figure 5.13 for example).

  (4)  In the highlighted  field of the  Save (EVS)  screen,  type the
      name of the file in which you wish to save the estimates.

  (5)  Use the Next  command to cause the named file to be created
      and the estimates saved.

RESULTS

A file  containing the weighted average estimates for VADOFT model
parameters  is  created on disk.
                                97

-------
 5.3   DEVELOP FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS FOR SOIL-WATER PARAMETERS





K
(— Estimate (E)
Which Estimate option?
Przm - estimate PRZH model parameters
VadoJ£K^ - estimate VADOFT model parameters
^SmSi®^^?^^^ tllatl^iishfpg far *ai l-«at^;%^ar^t
-------
5.3.1  Select Soil Moisture Computation Option

For coarse-grained soils, the saturated moisture content is equal
to the porosity for all pressure heads greater than 0.0.  For fine-
grained  soils,  this  relationship  holds  over a  slightly  larger
range,  for all  pressure  heads greater  than  a  small  negative
pressure head  known  as the  air entry pressure  head  (Freeze and
Cherry,  1979).   DBAPE allows the  user the option  of entering a
value for air entry pressure head (AIRPSI)  in the option screen for
Functions  (see Figure 5-18 for example).  It is a common practice
in  computing soil moisture from  pressure head to  ignore  this
phenomenon.  Consequently, unless the user assigns a value to air
entry pressure head in the option screen for Functions, DBAPE sets
the value  equal to zero.   Consult  Appendix D to see more details
on how the value of air entry pressure head affects the computation
of soil moisture.
                                99

-------
 5.3.2   Display Functions Estimates Table for Individual  Soils


—Piirv-Hru-i (PP)— 	
Estimate option > SSffJfflSSSfii Individual -
Weighted -
Output option > Display
Graph
Save
AIRPSI >

one soil at a time
summary of soils in buffer
table on screen
plot of function
table in file on disk
—INSTRUCT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next' command to go to next screen when done entering data.
HelP:H Hext:II Prev:ll Ll~mits:H Status:'!
| Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops

  Figure 5.18.    Screen  options  selected  to display  Functions
  estimates for individual soils.
INSTRUCTIONS

 (1)   Select the Functions option on  the  Estimate  (B)  screen.

 (2)   Specify Individual  by typing I  in the estimate option field
      and  Display by typing D  in the output option  field  in the
      Functions  (EF) screen  (see Figure 5.18  for example).   If
      desired,  enter a nonzero value  for  AIRPSI,  the air entry
      pressure head,  for  use in computing soil  water content (see
      Section 5.3.1).

 (3)   Use  the Next command to initiate  the  display of  estimates.
                               100

-------

r— Display (EFD) 	
Soil > ALAGA


( 1
Negative pressure Water saturation
head (cm) fraction
1.00
3.16
10.00
31.60
100.00
316.00
1000.00
3160.00
10000.00
31600.00
100000.00

I — I NSTRUCT 	
•Next1
Next:i|f Prev:ll IntrPt:li
0.987
0.941
0.794
0.565
0.373
0.247
0.170
0.123
0.095
0.078
0.068

command to
Status:;!!


of 1 ) Zone > SUR Depth > 15.2
Relative
permeability
0.378
0.152
0.241E-01
0.135E-02
0.451E-04
0.132E-05
0.376E-07
0.107E-08
0.301E-10
0.854E-12
0.241E-13

go to next screen
Xpad:||: Cmnd
  Figure 5.19.    Display  screen  for  individual  soils  for  the
  Functions option of Estimate.
RESULTS

For each  soil contained  in the  search  buffer,  a  display table
containing  midpoint  estimates  for the  functional  relationships
between negative pressure  head,   water  saturation  fraction  and
relative permeability will be generated for each of the three soil
zones for which data are available.  The  display table for the top
zone of the first  soil  in the buffer is  displayed automatically.
Others may be displayed  in sequence by using the Next command.  The
Prev command is used  to view soil properties in. reverse order.  The
Intrpt command is used to end the  display of soil properties.

Figure  5.19  is an  example  of  the display  screens  which  are
produced.   The screen provides the following information:

  (1) soil series name

  (2) soil buffer sequence number  and number of soils in buffer

  (3) soil  zone for which  functional relationships are displayed
      (SUR,  SUB, or STR) andc depth of zone

  (4) table  defining  the estimated relationships between negative
     pressure head,  water saturation,  and  relative permeability
                                101

-------
5.3.3  Plot  Functions  Estimates  for  Individual Soils


H
i— Function (EF)
Estimate option > $g$
Output option > ||P»
AIRPSI >
INSTRUCT
Enter
Use carriage return or
Use 'Next1 command
elp:|f Next:!| prev:H

P»il Individual -
Weighted -
C.vT"' Display
Graph
Save



one soil at a time
summary of soils in buffer
table on screen
plot of function
table in file on disk


data in highlighted field(s).
arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
to go to next screen when done entering data.
Limits:!! Status:!?
I Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops



  Figure 5.20.  Screen options selected to plot Functions estimates
  for individual soils.
INSTRUCTIONS

 (1)  Select the Functions option on the Estimate (E)  screen.

 (2)  Specify Individual by typing I in the estimate option field
      and  Graph  by  typing 6  in the output  option field  in  the
      Functions   (EF) screen  (see Figure 5.20  for example).   If
      desired,  enter a  nonzero value  for  AIRPSI, the  air entry
      pressure head,  for use in computing soil  water content (see
      Section 5.3.1) .

 (3)  Use the Next command to move to the Graph (EFG)  screen (see
      Figure 5.21 for example).

 (4)  Specify the desired plotting device by typing either a D for
      display or a P for printer in the "plotting device" field of
      the Graph   (EFG) screen.   In the  "draw"  field of the  same
      screen,  specify  which  relationships  are  to  be  plotted
      (pressure  head versus water  content,  water  content  versus
      relative permeability or both)  by typing  a  Y for yes or  a N
      for no in  the  appropriate fields.  In the  "Y-axis"  and  "X-
      axis"  fields,  specify the type of scales to  be  used  on  the
                               102

-------
      plots by typing A for arithmetic or L for logarithmic in the
      appropriate fields.
 (5)  Use the  Next  command
      specified Information.

RESULTS
to  initiate  the plotting  of  the
For each  soil  contained in the search buffer,  a plot containing
lines  for  midpoint  and  range estimates  for  each  functional
relationship specified on the Graph 
-------
    0.1
                  10
 102          103
NEGATIVE PRESSURE HEAD (cm)
   ALAGA - SURFACE
                                                                  10B
Figure  5.22.  Example of  pressure  head vs water content results
from using the Graph option of the Functions screen.
                                104

-------
    10
                             WATER SATURATION (fraction)
                                AlAGA - SURFACE
Figure  5.23.  Example of water content vs relative permeability
results from using  the Graph option  of the Functions screen.
                                105

-------
 5.3.4  Save Functions Estimates for Individual Soils
F
I — Function (EF)
Estimate option > |lf||fliii| Individual -
Weighted -
Output option > Display
Graph
Save
AIRPSI >
r—IMSTRUCT

one soil at a time
summary of soils in buffer
table on screen
plot of function
table in file on disk

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
elp:f|j Next:f! Prev:|f Limits:^ Status:|
f Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops

  Figure 5.24.  Screen options selected to save Functions estimates
  for individual soils.
INSTRUCTIONS

  (1)  Select the Functions option on the Estimate (E) screen.

  (2)  Specify individual by typing I in the estimate option  field
      and Save  by typing  8  in  the output  option  field  in the
      Functions (EF)  screen (see Figure 5.24 for example).

  (3)  Use the Next command to go to the next screen after data are
      entered.  The  next screen  displayed will be  a  Save  (EFS)
      screen (see Figure 5.25 for .example).

  (4)  In the highlighted field of the Save (EFS) screen type, the
      name of the file in which you wish to save the estimates.

  (5)  Use the Next command to cause the  named file to be created
      and the estimates saved.

RESULTS

A file  containing the Functions  estimates for all  soils  in the
search buffer is created on disk.
                               106

-------
1

Name of file in which to save Functions results?
*
-------
5.3.5  Display Functions  Estimates  Table  for Weighted  Soils
I
r—Function (EF)
Estimate option > SplBSjESpi Individual -
Weighted -
Output option > $t&$$F"" Display
Graph
Save
AIRPSI >
r-INSTRUCT

one soil at a time
summary of soils in buffer
table on screen
plot of function
table in file on disk

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
lelp:|| Next:f|f Prev:|| Limits:|§ Status:!
| Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops

  Figure  5.26.    Screen  options selected  to  display Functions
  estimates for weighted soils.


INSTRUCTIONS

  (1)  Select the Functions option on the Estimate (E)  screen.

  (2)  Specify Weighted by typing W in the estimate option field and
      Display by typing  D  in the  output  option  field  in  the
      Functions (EF) screen  (see Figure 5.26).  If desired, enter
      a nonzero value for AIRPSI, the air entry pressure head, for
      use in computing soil water content (see Section 5.3.1).

  (3)  Use the Next command to initiate  the display of  estimates.

RESULTS

Based on the soils contained in the  search buffer, a display table
containing weighted-average midpoint estimates for the functional
relationships between pressure head, water content and  relative
permeability will  be generated for each of the  three soil zones
for which data are available.  The table for the top zone will be
displayed automatically.   The  tables for the  other two zones may
be displayed in  sequence by using the  Next  command.   The display
screens produced for weighted soils are identical to those produced
for individual soils  (see Figure 5-19).
                               108

-------
5.3.6  Plot Functions Estimates for Weighted Soils
J

Estimate option > ttp£8tS& ' Individual -
Weighted -
Output option > |B/i&8 -, Display
Graph
Save
AIRPSI > &
INSTRUCT
- -
one soil at a time
summary of soils in buffer
table on screen
plot of function
table in file on disk

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
lelp:|| Next:§§ Prev:fi Limits:!! Status:!
| Xpad:|S Cmnd Oops
•
  Figure 5.27.  Screen options selected to plot Functions estimates
  for weighted soils.
INSTRUCTIONS

 (1)   Select the Functions option on the Estimate (E)  screen.

 (2)   Specify Weighted by typing W in the estimate option field and
      Graph by typing G in the output option field in the Functions
      (EF)  screen (see Figure 5.27 for example).   If desired, enter
      a nonzero  value for AIRPSI, the air entry pressure head, for
      use  in computing  soil water content (see Section 5.3.1).

 (3)   Use  the Next command to move to the Graph  (EFG)  screen (see
      Figure 5.21 for example).
                               109

-------
 (4)  Specify the desired plotting device by typing either a D for
      display or a P for  printer in the "plotting device" field of
      the Graph  (EFG)  screen.   In the  "draw" field of  the same
      screen,  specify which relationships   are  to  be  plotted
      (pressure head  versus  water content, water  content versus
      relative permeability or both)  by typing a Y for yes or a N
      for no in the appropriate fields.  In  the "Y-axis" and "X--
      axis" fields specify the type  of scales to be used on the
      plots by typing A for arithmetic or L for logarithmic in the
      appropriate fields.

 (5)  Use  the Next   command  to  initiate  the  plotting  of  the
      specified Information.

RESULTS

Based  on  the  soils   contained  in  the search buffer,  a  plot
containing  midpoint  estimates for  each functional  relationship
specified on the Graph (EFG) screen will be generated for each of
the three  soil zones for which data are available.  The plot of
weighted-average  values  for  the top  zone  will  be  displayed
automatically.  The plots for the  other two zones may be displayed
in sequence by using  the Next command.  Note that lines for range
estimates are  not  plotted for the weighted-average option.   With
that exception, the plots of pressure head versus water content and
water content versus  relative permeability which are produced for
the weighted option are  identical to those  shown  for  individual
soils in Figures 5.22 and 5.23.
                               110

-------
5.3.7  Save Functions Estimates for Weighted Soils


Estimate option > 8EI1»8TI6- Individual -
Weighted -
Output option > pAVE ", ' \, Display
Graph
Save
AIRPSI > <*' $.


one soil at a time
summary of soils in buffer
table on screen
plot of function
table in file on disk

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
Help:|| Next:|| Prev:|| Liraits:|| Status:|
| Xpad:|l Cmnd Oops

  Figure 5.28.  Screen options selected to save Functions estimates
  for weighted soils.
INSTRUCTIONS

  (1)  Select the Functions option on the Estimate (E)  screen.

  (2)  Specify Weighted by typing W in the estimate option field and
      Save by typing 8 in the output option  field in the Functions
      (EF) screen (see Figure 5.28 for example).

  (3)  Use the Next command to go  to  the next screen after data are
      entered.   The next screen  displayed  will  be a Save  (EFS)
      screen  (see Figure 5.25 for example).

  (4)  In the highlighted field of the Save  (EFS)  screen, type the
      name of the file in which you wish to save the estimates.

  (5)  Use the Next  command  to cause the named file to  be created
      and the estimates saved.

RESULTS

A file containing the weighted-average estimates for  Functions  is
created  on  disk.
                                Ill

-------
                             SECTION 6

                         EXAMPLE SESSIONS
USE  THIS  SECTION TO  FAMILIARIZE  YOURSELF WITH  THE OPERATIONAL
ASPECTS  OF DBAPE  AND THE  SEQUENCE OF OPERATIONS NEEDED TO PERFORM
MULTI-STEP TASKS.

This  chapter takes  the user through  a variety  of sample DBAPE
applications.  These applications accomplish three  tasks.  First,
they  familiarize  the user with DBAPE as a whole program.  Second,
they  demonstrate  the capabilities  of DBAPE in examples which the
user  may find relevant.   Third,  they show the user the series of
commands necessary to perform various DBAPE capabilities.  Examples
one and  two stress the Analyze and  Estimate  capabilities of DBAPE,
respectively.   Both examples  demonstrate  interactions  with the
soils data bases.  Example 3 focuses on DBAPE capabilities related
to interaction with  the meteorologic data base.

6.1   ANALYZE  SOILS DATA BASE (EXAMPLE  1)

As a result of the development of a new pesticide for potatoes, you
have  been asked  to  gather information on soils  which  support
potatoes.   Those  asking for  this information  are particularly
interested in soils  for which leaching may be a problem.  They are
also  only  interested in the state of New York.

Run the  program by  entering "DBAPE"  from  the operating system.
Figure 6.1 shows that the  Opening screen  consists  of  a welcome
message  and  three menu options.   For this example,  you  want to
analyze  soil  properties in a geographic area.   Thus,  select the
Analyze  option.   The resulting screen  (Analyze  (A))  is  shown in
Figure 6.2;  it contains  seven menu options.   Since  you  wish to
define the soils properties  and geographic area to be  used in
searching  the soils data bases, select the Define  option.   The
resulting  screen  (Define  (AD))  is shown in Figure  6.3; it contains
five menu options related to searching  the soils data bases.  Also
note the addition of the status window.  This displays information
relating to  the  search  to be performed  (or  completed)  and the
contents of the soil  buffer.  The status window  currently shows the
soil  categories to be searched are the ML, Pi,  P4  and  PO soils.
Since you  wish to find all prime agricultural soils  in  New York
which support potatoes, select the Type option.
                               112

-------





1

•. • • • ' ' - '• . • • • - . ' - . . - . ' - . • • ' ' , . '•
**************************************************************
****** WELCOME TO "DBAPE" ******
****** DATE JANUARY 12, 1988, REV. SEPTEMBER 25, 1989 ******
Select an option.
ftg&g£f , ~,«^8&r^spr*0^
Estimate - estimate parameter values for RUSTIC
Return - back to operating system

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
telp:fi Next:!! Xpad:;(f$ Cmnd






Figure  6.1.
screen.
 Selection of  the  Analyze option  on the  Opening


Select an Analyze option. ,
Find % '- execute specified search
Order - sort buffer on selected property
Summarize - soils in buffer
View - individual soil properties
Buffer - advanced buffer management
Return - back to Opening screen

Select an option using arrow keys
Then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
rtelp:lH Next:!! Xpad:|§ Cmnd

Figure 6.2.
screen.
Selection of the Define option  on  the Analyze (A)
                              113

-------
i— Define (AO) 	

Select a Define option.
Property - specify properties of soil for search
Geographic - specify geographic area of interest
Mode - specify mode of buffer management
Return - back to Analyze
i— STATUS
Type: ML soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
i—INSTRUCT i

Geographic: None
Properties: All

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
Help:ff| Next:f| Prev:!
H Status:|! Quiet:ll Xpsd'-fM c">nd

Figure  6.3.
screen.
Selection of  the Type option  on  the Define  (AD)
H
i—Type (ADT)
Indicate active soil types.
ML - most likely problem soils |||
P1 - prime agricultural soils YES
P4 - irrigated agricultural soils YES
PO - possible agricultural soils YES
r-STATUS
Type: HL,P1,P4,PO soil Geographic: None
Mode: Add to buffer Properties: All
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
INSTRUCT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
elP:H Mext:ll Prev:ll Li""*8:!! Status:|f Quiet:|| Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops

   Figure 6.4.  Initial appearance of the Type (ADT) screen.
                             114

-------
Figure 6.4  shows the Type  (ADT)  screen.   It  contains  four data
fields in which  the  user  specifies  whether each of the four soil
categories  is  to be searched.   The default at the  start  of the
program is to search all soils.  You wish, however, to search all
prime agricultural  soils.   Thus, you modify the  data to exclude
searching of the PO  data  base by entering 'NO1 in the data field
for this soil type.  The resulting screen is shown in Figure 6.5.
When you  have appropriately  modified  this screen,  use  the Next
command to return to the Define (AD)  screen. Upon  returning to the
Define (AD) screen  (Figure  6.6),  note  that the status window has
been modified to  show that  ML,  PI,  and P4  soils  will  all  be
searched.   The next  specification needed  is to instruct DBAPE to
search only the geographic data base.   This is  done by setting the
search to not use any soil properties.  Select the  Property option.
The resulting screen (Property  (ADP))  is  shown in Figure 6.7; it
contains  three  menu options.   Since you  wish to search  only a
specific geographic  region  at this  time,  select the None option.
Figure 6.8 shows the Define (AD)  screen with the status window now
displaying no properties specified for the search.   The next search
parameter needing to be specified is the geographic area to search.
To start the process, select the  Geographic option.  The resulting
screen (Geographic (ADG))  is shown in Figure 6.9;  it contains four
options.  Since  you wish to specify the search  in a single state,
select the States option from this screen.






1
...Tvnn f AHT^
Indicate active soil types.
ML - most likely problem soils YES
P1 - prime agricultural soils YES
P4 - irrigated agricultural soils YES
PO - non prime agricultural soils SHI
CTATII^
Type: HL,P1,P4,PO soil Geographic: None
Mode: Add to buffer Properties: All
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
. 	 TMQTRIlrT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next* command to go to next screen when done entering data.
1elp:|| Next:l| Prev:f|. Limits:|| Status:|f Quiet:|^ Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops







  Figure 6.5.   Type (ADT)  screen options  selected  to search all
  prime agricultural soils.
                               115

-------
fl
r-Oefine (AD) - 	

Select a Define option.
Tyj3«j ^ - specify type of soil for search
fr«£6fly7 '"lij^l&f^-eii^rtles of soil for 6esr«b
Geographic - specify geographic area of interest
Mode - specify mode of buffer management
Return - back to Analyze
STATU"
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
INSTRUCT - 	

Geographic: None
Properties: All '

Select an option Using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
elp:||j Next:||! Prev:j
§ Status:|f! Qulet:Il xPad:li Cmnd

Figure 6.6.
screen.
Selection of the Property option on the  Define  (AD)
i — Property (ADP)™ 	

Select a Property option.
All - include all properties
Select - indicate specific properties
Im^virSi*TW'?Jiri»Wfe*;Esi^h
r— STATUS
Type: HL,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
INSTRUCT

Geographic: None
Properties: All

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.

Help:f| Next:ff Status:|f Quiet:|| Xpad:|| Cmnd
Figure 6.7.
screen.
Selection of the None option on the Property  (ADP)
                             116

-------
J
... Dr-finr (M)\
Select a
Type
Property
sksB&sj&ii
Mode
Return
STATUS
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
I MSTRUCT

Define option.
- specify type of soil for search
- specify properties of soil for search
* ; *j*»M vfifeaSM* *m «o**w»*
- specify mode of buffer management
- back to Analyze

Geographic: None
Properties: None

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
lelp:|| Next: §55 Prev:]
|i Status:|| Quiet:i|i Xpad:f$ Cmnd

Figure 6.8.   Selection of the Geographic  option on the Define
(AD) screen.


Select a Geographic, area.
All - search all geographic areas
Region - specify an EPA region
Stat-esC-, specify sel-esfeeg stttag
None - don't search the geographic database
STATUS
Type: HL,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
INSTRUCT

Geographic: None
Properties: None .

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.

Help:|| Next: || Status :|| Quiet :|| Xpad:|| Cmnd
Figure 6.9.   Selection of the states  option on the Geographic
(ADG) screen.
                             117

-------
The resulting screen  (State  (ADGS))is  shown in  Figure  6.10;  it
consists of ten  pairs  of data fields for specifying state/county
pairs to search.   Enter 'NY1  for the first state value.  Since you
wish all of New York to be searched, leave the county value for the
pair at  a  value  of  0.   The resulting screen is  shown in Figure
6.11.   Use the Next command  to return to the Define (AD) screen.
Figure 6.12 shows the Define  (AD) screen after specifying to search
only New York.  Again, note that the status window has changed to
reflect this  specification.     The specifications for the search
are now  such that  all of the  soils  in New York will be found.
Thus,  select  the Return  option to get  back to  the  Analyze (A)
screen.  From the Analyze (A)  screen  (Figure 6.13),  execute the
search by selecting the  Find option.   The resulting screen  (Find
(AF))   is shown  in Figure  6.14;  it  contains five menu options
relating to  the  geographic  search status  display.   Users  with
graphics capabilities should  use the Display option.  Users without
graphics capabilities should use the Text option.  If you selected
the Display option,  the Display (AFD)  screen (Figure  6.15)  will
appear with a set of parameters relating to the graphic display of
the geographic search.   Use  the default values  and continue with
the Next command.  Figure 6.17 shows the resulting map which will
be displayed if the user has  graphics  capabilities.  The map shows
all of the counties in New York which have ML, PI, or P4 soils in
the geographic data base.   Figure  6.16  shows the resulting text
screen if  the user does not have  graphics.  This  screen simply
shows the states as they are being searched.
\
State (ADGS)
Enter State and county
STATUS
Type: HL.P1.P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
INSTRUCT

values in pairs (county= 0 for all of state)
State County
none 0
none 0
none 0
none 0
none 0
none 0

Geographic: None
Properties: None

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
Ielp:=H Next:f2. Prev:;
H Limits:;!)! Status:;||; Quiet:|S Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops

   Figure 6.10.  Initial appearance of the State  (ADGS) screen.
                               118

-------
ot-ifft f Anfiejx
Enter State and county
OTATI|«I
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
...f HCTRMPT

values in pairs ( count y= 0 for all of state)
State County
NY "- $
none 0
none 0
none 0
none 0
none 0
none 0

Geographic: None
Properties: None

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
Help:|H Next:|ii Prev:i
;| Limits:!! status:!l Qu'et:l$! xPad:ll Cmnd Oops

Figure 6.11.  State (ADGS)  screen options  selected  to search all
of New York state.
1
Define (AD)

Select a Define option.
Type - specify type of soil for search
Property - specify properties of soil for search
Geographic - specify geographic area of interest
Mode - specify mode of buffer management
i*$j£^'~^T'$^$H»°5Eftyz:^'
STATU"1
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
INSTRUCT

Geographic: St:NY Co: All
Properties: None
^
Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
letP:Hl Next:fJ| Prev:;
H Status:!! Quiet: IS Xpad:|§ Cmnd

Figure 6.12.  Selection of the Return option on the Define  (AD)
screen.
                             119

-------
i — Annlv7^ fh"\ 	








'


Select
Define
Order

an Analyze option.
^-search criteria
- sort buffer on selected property
Summarize - soils in buffer
View
Buffer
Return
STATUS
Type: HL,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
I^TWJTRtlrT



- individual soil properties
- advanced buffer maintenance
- back to Opening screen

Geographic: St:NY Co:AU
Properties: None














Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.



Help:|| Next:|| Status:j| Quiet:|| Xpad:|| Cmnd
Figure  6.13.
screen.
 Selection  of the Find option  on the Analyze (A)
i^Find (AF)

Select a geographic search display option.
Text - summary of progress
PRint - map of progress
PLot - map of progress
Quit - don't do a geographic search
i— STATUS
Type: HL,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Active
Buffer: 0 soils
i— INSTRUCT

Geographic: St:NY Co:AU
Properties: None

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.

Help:H Next:|| Status:ff Quiet:j$ Xpad:|| Cmnd
Figure 6.14.
screen.
Selection of the Display option  on  the Find (AF)
                             120

-------
•••Display (AFD) 	

State boundary color > SLLfE;.
County boundary color > WHITE
County fill color > RED
County fill type > SOLID
STATUS
Type: ML,P1.P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Active
Buffer: 0 soils
INSTRUCT
Geographic: St:NY Co: All
Properties: None

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
Help:|| Next:|ij Prev:j
f! Limits:|! status:ll Quiet:!! Xpad:|| Cmnd

Figure 6.15.  Display  (AFD) screen options selected for graphic
display of geographic search.
f
Find (AF)

The following states are being searched: NY
Completed search of states.
STATUS
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Active
Buffer: 0 soils
IN5TR11PT

Geographic: St:NY Co:AU
Properties: None

'Next1 command to go to next screen
-4

lelp:|| Next: II Status :|| Quiet :|| Xpad:|| Cmnd
    Figure 6.16.  Text display of geographic search status.
                             121

-------
                                                          01
                                                          3
                                                         •P
                                                         01

                                                         ft
                                                         o
                                                         M
                                                         «f
                                                         O
                                                         CO
                                                         8-
                                                         n
                                                         tn
                                                         o
                                                         
-------
After using  R to continue from the map  or  Next to continue from
the text screen,  the Analyze  (A)  screen (Figure 6.18) will again
be displayed.   Note that the status  window now  shows  that the
search is complete and there are  138  soils in the buffer.  Now you
need to  search through these  soils  to  find  those which support
potatoes.  Start this process by again selecting the Define option.
From the  Define  (AD)  screen  (Figure 6.19),  select  the Property
option.   Since  you now  wish to  find  the soils which support
potatoes, choose the Select option from the Property  (ADP) screen
(Figure 6.20).   The resulting  screen (Select (ADPS))  is shown in
Figure 6.21; it consists of various data fields  for entering soil
property search specifications.  Enter the value 16 (numeric code
for potatoes)  in  the data field  for  Crop as shown in Figure 6.22
and then use Next to return to the Define (AD) screen.  Figure 6.23
shows the Define (AD)  screen with the status window displaying the
soil properties  search specifications.   Now  you need to set the
mode  of  buffer  management  to  only  search  through the  soils
currently  in the  buffer.   This  is done  by selecting  the Mode
option.   Figure  6.24  shows  the Mode  (ADM) screen.   Select the
Subset option to search through only the soils currently in the
buffer.
*


Select an Analyze option.
{lefin& -' search erfljeMa
Find - execute specified search
Order - sort buffer on selected property
Summarize - soils in buffer
View - individual soil properties
Buffer - advanced buffer maintenance
Return - back to Opening screen

Type: ML,P1.P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Complete
Buffer: 138 soils


Geographic: St:NY Co:AU
Properties: None

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.

Help:§| Next:||i Status:|§ Quiet:ff Xpad:|| Cmnd
  Figure 6.18.
  screen.
Selection of the Define option on the Analyze (A)
                                123

-------

p-Define 
-------
1

Enter values for desired parameters.
Name -->• > Hydrologic Group -->none Crop --> 0
Parameter Zone Minimum Maximum True/False
none none 0. 0. TRUE
none none 0. 0. TRUE
none none 0. 0. TRUE
none none 0. 0. TRUE
none none 0. 0. TRUE
. .CTATIIO
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil Geographic: St:NY Co:AU
Mode: Add to buffer Properties: None
Search: Complete
Buffer: 138 soils
...TUQTRIIPT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
lelp:i| Next.:!! Prev:|| Limits:f! Status:|| Quiet:|| Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops

   Figure 6.21.  Initial appearance of Select  (ADPS) screen.






1
	 e^i r^«- /Anp*t^ 	
Enter values for desired parameters.
Name --> Hydrologic Group -->none Crop --> 16
Parameter Zone Minimum Maximum True/False
^riDrje none 0. 0. TRUE
'none none 0. 0. TRUE
none none 0. 0. TRUE
none none 0. 0. TRUE
none none 0. 0. TRUE
CTATH0
Type: ML.P1.P4 soil Geographic: St:NY Co:AU
Mode: Add to buffer Properties: None
Search: Complete
Buffer: 138 soils

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
telp:i|! Next:|| Prev:|S Limits:!! Status :|1 Quiet :£§ Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops







Figure 6.22.  Select (ADPS)  screen options selected to specify a
search for potatoes.
                             125

-------






H
r-Oefine (AD) 	
Select a
Type
Property
Geograph
«*"?*
Return
^STATUS 	
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 138 soils
-INSTRUCT 	
£
ther
TV
elp:fff Next:||i Prev:|

Define option.
- specify type of soil for search
- specify properties of soil for search
ic - specify geographic area of interest
' ^3 J$%**tifj»j?& of & mnfottmtf.
- back to Analyze

Geographic: St:NY Co:AU
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES

elect an option using arrow keys
» confirm selection with the F2 key, or
pe the first letter of an option.
1 Status:f! Quiet:Il xPad:l§ Cmnd







 Figure 6.23.
 screen.
Selection of the Mode  option on the Define  (AD)

|— Mode M*om jswmfc &**f«r with additfoiwt eeantfc crSterta
Clear - remove soils from current buffer
r-STATUS 	
Type: HL,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 138 soils
-INSTRUCT 	

Geographic: St:NY Co:All
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
HelP:H Hext:i! Prev:jf
f! Status:f| Quiet:ll xPad:|| Cmnd
f
Figure 6.24.   Selection  of the Subset option on the Mode  (ADM)
screen.
                             126

-------
The status window  on the Define  (AD)  screen  (Figure 6.25)  shows
that the buffer mode has been set to Subset the buffer.  The search
specifications are now set as desired, so select the Return option.
From the Analyze  (A)  screen  (Figure 6.26),  again select the Find
option to  find the  soils  in  the buffer  which  support potatoes.
Since  you  have  specified properties  for which  to  search,  the
resulting screen (Find (AP), Figure 6.27) shows the progress of the
search through the soils properties  data base.   When the  final
display  of soils  searched and  selected is  made,  use  the  Next
command to continue the search process.  The resulting screen (Find
(AF))  is shown  in Figure  6.28;  it  contains five  menu options
relating to  the geographic  search status  display.    Users  with
graphics capabilities should use the Display option.  Users without
graphics capabilities should use the Text option.  If you selected
the Display  option, the Display  (AFD)  screen (Figure 6.29)  will
appear with a set of parameters relating to the graphic display of
the geographic search.   Use the default values  and continue with
the Next command.   Figure 6.30 shows the  resulting map which will
be displayed if the user has graphics available.   The  map  shows all
of the counties in New York from the  first  search which support
potatoes.  Figure 6.31 shows the resulting text screen  if the user
does not have graphics.   This screen  simply  shows  the states as
they are being searched.   After using R to continue from the map
or Next to continue from the  text screen, the Analyze (A) screen
(Figure 6.32)  will  again be displayed.










Select a
Type
Property

Define option.
- specify type of soil for search
- specify properties of soil for search
Geographic - specify geographic area of interest
Mode
- specify mode of buffer management
Ret<™ , -*M*t*M»l**

Type: ML.P1.P4 soil
Mode: Subset buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 138 soils





Geographic: St:NY Co:All
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES












Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
Help:!! Next:Il Prev:



If Status:!! Quiet:jH Xpad:j|| Cmnd
  Figure 6.25.
  screen.
Selection of the Return option on the Define (AD)
                                127

-------
r-Analvze (A1










Select
Define
Order

an Analyze option.
^-^search^ criteria
- sort buffer on selected property
Summarize - soils in buffer
View
Buffer
Return
i-STATUS 	
Type; HL.P1.P4 soil
Mode: Subset buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 138 soils
r— INSTRUCT



- individual soil properties
- advanced buffer maintenance
- back to Opening screen

Geographic: St:NY Co:AU
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES












Select an option using arrow keys .
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.



Help:f| Next:|| Status:|| Quiet:|l Xpad:f§ Grand
Figure 6.26,
screen.
Selection of the Find  option on the Analyze  (A)

r— Find (AF)

pSTATUS
Type: HL,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Subset buffer
Search: Active
Buffer: 138 soils
INSTRUCT

Soils searched: 138
Soils selected: 48

Geographic: St:NY Co:AU
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES

'Next' command to go to next screen

HelP:H Next:ll status:H Quiet:l! Xpad:!! Cmnd
Figure 6.27.  Find  (AF) screen display showing final results of
soils properties data base search.
                             128

-------














— riiiu lar t 	
Select a geographic search display option.
Text - summary of progress
PRint - map of progress
PLot - map of progress
Quit - don't do a geographic search

Type: ML.P1.P4 soil
Mode: Subset buffer
Search: Active
Buffer: 48 soils

Geographic: St:NY Co:AU
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES



Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.












Help:|| Next:|! status:|| Qul"et:II xPad:^ Clnnd ,
Figure  6.28.
screen.
Selection  of the  Display  option  on the Find  (AF)
         ,-Display  fctOE _

           County boundary color > WHITE
           County fill color   > RED
           County fill type    > SOLID
.—STATUS 	
Type: ML.P1.P4 soil
Mode: Subset buffer
Search: Active
Buffer: 48 soils
Geographic:
Properties:
St:NY Co:All
Name Group:
Crop: POTATOES
         ^INSTRUCT-
                          Select an option using arrow keys
                        then confirm selection with the F2 key.
                         Type the first letter of an option.
                                    or
                Next:
                       Prev:|
           Limits:!
Status:l
Quietc'l
Xpad:
                                                            Cmnd
Figure 6.29.   Display  (AFD)  screen options selected  for  graphic
display  of geographic search status.            ,
                                     129

-------
                                                              0)
                                                              0
                                                              4J
                                                              «S
                                                              •P
                                                              01

                                                              ft
                                                              o
                                                              n
                                                              «»
                                                              0)
                                                              o
                                                             •H
                                                             •w
                                                             o
                                                             ft
                                                             0)

                                                             -H

                                                             •O


                                                             O
                                                             •H
                                                             
-------



—Find (AF) 	
The following states are being searched: NY
Completed search of states.

—STATUS 	
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Node: Subset buffer
Search: Active
Buffer: 48 soils


Geographic: St:NY Co:AU
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES

—INSTRUCT 	
'Next1 command to go to next screen

Help:|| Next:|| Status:|f Quiet:^ Xpad:|! Cmnd
    Figure 6.31.   Text display of geographic search status,









—Analyze (A) 	
Select
Define
Find


an Analyze option.
- search criteria
- execute specif ied search
Summarize - soils in buffer
View
Buffer
Return





Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Subset buffer
Search: Complete
Buffer: 48 soils




- individual soil properties
- advanced buffer maintenance
- back to Opening screen









Geographic: St:NY Co:All
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES







— INdlKUOl 	
Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.



Help:!! Ncxt:ll Status:!! Quiet:f| Xpad:|g Cmnd
Figure 6.32.
screen.
Selection of the Order option  on the Analyze (A)
                             131

-------
 Note that the buffer now contains 48 of the  138  soils originally
 found.   Since  the buffer now contains the soils which you  were
 requested to find, you are no longer concerned with searching the
 data bases.   Select the Order option.  The resulting screen (Order
 (AO))  is shown in Figure 6.33; it contains three menu options on
 which ordering may be carried out.   Since you are  interested in
 sand content, select the  Property  option.   The resulting  screen
 (Property (AOP))  is shown in Figure 6.34; it  contains three  data
 fields  related to  the ordering.  Since you are interested in soils
 likely  to leach,  order the high sand content  in the surface  zone
 iSo^™^1^ order«   This is d°ne by entering  HSAND, SUR,   and
 DESCENDING in the  three data  fields.  When you have appropriately
 modified the screen, as shown in Figure 6.35,  use  the Next command
 to  execute the  ordering.   When the sort is complete,  the Analyze
 (A)  screen (Figure 6.36) will again be displayed.   Now select  the
 View option  to see the format of the soil properties display.   The
 resulting  screen  (View  (AV))  is shown in Figure 6.37;  it contains
 four menu  options.   Select the Display option to view  a detailed
 summary of the soils in the buffer.   The resulting screen  (Display
 (AVD))  is  shown in Figure  6.38; it  contains  values for the soil
 name and number, properties for each zone, potential  crops, total
 acreage, and specified  geographic area.   since the status window
 is  still being displayed,  you  are  not able  to view all  of  the
 information.   Use  the  Quiet command and then the Dnpg  command to
view the remaining data (Figure 6.39).






H
r-Order (AO) 	
Select an
Number
Acreage
rSTATUS
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Subset buffer
Search: Complete
Buffer: 48 soils
-INSTRUCT
S
ther
TV
elp:|| Next:ff Prev:|

Order parameter.
- order the soil numbers
- order the soi I acreages
V^|

Geographic: St:NY Co:AU
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES

elect an option using arrow keys
confirm selection with the F2 key, or
pe the first letter of an option.
|, Status:ff Quiet:ff Xpad:|f Cmnd







 Figure 6.33.  Selection of the Property option on the order (AO)
 screen.                                                        '
                               132

-------



—Property (AOP) 	 	
For soil Property,
Enter the property on which to order --> nong
Enter the zone for the specified property --> none
Enter the ordering of the values --> ASCENDING

Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Subset buffer
Search: Complete
Buffer: 48 soils


Geographic: St:NY Co:All
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES

—INSTRUCT 	
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.

Help:H Next:H Prev:|| Limits:f| Status:|| Quiet:|| Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops
  Figure  6.34.   Initial  appearance of Property  (AOP)  screen.



For soi I Property,
Enter the property on which to order •--> HSAffl)
Enter the zone for the specified property --> SUR
Enter the ordering of the values --> DESCENDING

—STATUS 	
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Subset buffer
Search: Complete
Buffer: 48 soils


Geographic: St:NY Co:All
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use "Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
Help:|| Next:lt Prev:i
H Limits:!! Status:!! Quiet:|f Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops

Figure 6.35.  Property (AOP)  screen options selected to sort,  in
descending order, high sand content in the surface zone.
                              133

-------
i— Analyze fAl 	










Select
Define
Find
Order

an Analyze option.
- search criteria
- execute specified search
- sort buffer on selected property
Summarize ; - v soils .in [.buffer
Buffer
Return
r-STATUS
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Hode: Subset buffer
Search: Complete
Buffer: 48 soils
,— IH
-------



SOIL SERIES (NAME)> ALTON SOIL NUMBER (NUMERIC CODE)> P11056
DEPTH(CM) CLASS % SAND % CLAY BULK DENS. ORG. MAT. AVAIL H20 HGRP
LH LH LH LHLH
SUR 17.8 8 40 90 1 10 1.35 1.65 2.0 5.0 0.06 0.14 A
SUB 104.1 8 60 80 1 12 1.45 1.65 0.4 1.5 0.07 0.09
STR 134.6 4 85 98 12 1.45 1.65 0.2 1.0 0.02 0.04
POTENTIAL CROPS

—STATUS 	 	
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Subset buffer
Search: Complete
Buffer: 48 soils


Geographic: St:NY Co:AU
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES

—INSTRUCT 	 	
'Next1 command to go to next screen
Help:!! Next:|f Prev:
|| Intrpt:f| Status:|| Quiet:|| Xpad:|| Cmnd Dnpg

Figure 6.38.   Display (AVD)  screen showing detailed summary of
first soil in buffer  (status window on).
,—

DEPTH(CM) CLASS % SAND % CLAY BULK DENS. ORG. MAT. AVAIL H20 HGRP
LH LH LH LH LH
SUR 17.8 8 40 90 1 10 1.35 1.65 2.0 5.0 0.06 0.14 A
SUB 104.1 8 60 80 1 12 1.45 1.65 0.4 1.5 0.07 0.09
STR 134.6 4 85 98 12 1.45 1.65 0.2 1.0 0.02 0.04
POTENTIAL CROPS
1 CORN 4 OATS 9 WHEAT 16 POTATOES
3 GRASS/PAS/HAY
TOTAL ACRES: 126666.
FROM:
NY: ALL

—INSTRUCT 	 	
'Next1 command to go to next screen

Help:i| Next:|| Prev:|| Intrpt:|| Status:'!! HP31*5!! Cnrid UPP9
Figure  6.39.   Display (AVD) screen showing  detailed summary of
first soil  in the buffer  (status window off).
                              135

-------
            ^  command to finish viewing soils and  return  to  the
Vzew  (AV) screen  (Figure  6.40).   Since  the  soils  displays are  the
type of information for which you have been asked, you now wish to
STL hSSe  *iSPlavs fc° a file-   Delect the Save' option to Segin
f S? S'ooSS reSUltl"9 Sc5.een  (.Save  (AVS))  is shown in  Figure
6.41, it contains  one  data  field in which to enter  the file name
to save the displays.   Enter the desired  file name, as shown  in
Figure 6.42, and then use  the Next command.  Since you now have  the
fISi£o5nll:ifo™atlon' use ^e Return option on the  View (AV)  screen
as shown in Figure 6.43.  Use the Return option on the Analyze  (A)
       (FigUrS 6,^4) t0 get back  to the ^ening screen.  F?om the
        screen  (Figure  6.45), use the Return option again to end
     SGSSXOH •
i-View CAV)

Select soil search results View option.
Hap - shbwihg"'lb'cafYon"of "seTected soils
Return - to Analyze screen
i— STATUS
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Subset buffer
Search: Complete
Buffer: 48 soils
Geographic: St:NY Co:AU
Properties: Name Group: Crop: POTATOES
,-! MSTRI irr 	 . 	
Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
Help:=|| Next:||| Status
:ff Quiet :f! Xpad:|f Cmnd

 Figure  6.40.
 screen.
Selection of  the Save  option on the  view  (AV)
                              136

-------
1
^-iirn /AV*J^ 	
Name of file in which to save soil search results display?
~™>, ™" ^ ' % 	 ;....£.....,....„..,„ 	 £....f..., , A
*, •• '"- , ,','',"<-

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next' command to go to next screen when done entering data.
1elp:§| Next:H Prev:l| Limits:"!! Status:SH Xpad:|S Cmnd Oops

                                               ^
Figure 6.41.  Initial appearance of the Save (AVS)  screen for the
View option of Analyze.
1

Name of file in which to save soil search results display?
jsatatfrM*^ ~ " , % "\ i ff fff „ rw "

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
1elp:H Next:'!! Prev:ll Limits:^ Status: If Xpad:|S Cmnd Oops

Figure 6.42.  Save (AVS) screen modified to save detailed summary
of soils in the buffer to a file.
                              137

-------
H
i—Vicw (AW)

Select soil search results
Display - details of search
Save - details of search
INSTRUCT


View option.
results
results
of selected soils

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
elp:f|| Mext:^ Status:^ Quiet:|
1 Xpad:|
| Cmnd

Figure  6.43.
screen.
 Selection of the Return  option on the View  (AV)

H
I — Analyze CA) 	
Select an
Define
Find
Order
Summarize
View
Buffer
iCX-WKWK-K-t-K-KJ
INSTRUCT

Analyze option.
- search criteria
- execute specified search
- sort buffer on selected property
- soils in buffer
- individual soil properties
- advanced buffer maintenance

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
elp:|| Next:|| Status :||
1 Quiet:|! Xpad:|| Cmnd


Figure 6.44.
screen.
Selection of the Return option on the Analyze (A)
                             138

-------
1

**************************************************************
****** WELCOME TO ''DBAPE" ******
****** OATE JANUARY 12, 1988, REV. SEPTEMBER 25, 1989 ******
**************************************************************
Select an option.
Analyze - analyze soil property or geographic data base
INSTRUCT
Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
telp:f| Next:|| Status:|| Xpad:|| Cmnd

Figure  6.45.
screen.
Selection of  the Return  option  on the  Opening
                             139

-------
6.2  ESTIMATE PARAMETERS USING SOILS DATA BASE (EXAMPLE 2)

You have been informed that RUSTIC is to be used to model pesticide
leaching on  Long Island soils which support potatoes.   You have
thus been asked to generate estimated parameter values for use in
the PRZM and VADOFT portions of the RUSTIC model.

Run the  program by  entering  "DBAPE" from the operating system.
Figure 6.46  shows  that the Opening  screen consists  of a welcome
message and three menu options.   For this  example you want to find
soils  of interest  in a  geographic area for  which to  estimate
parameter values.   Begin by  selecting  the  Analyze option.   The
resulting screen (Analyze (A)) is shown in Figure  6.47; it contains
seven menu options.  Since you wish  to define the soils properties
and geographic area to be used in searching the soils data bases,
select the Define  option.  The  resulting  screen  (Define (AD))  is
shown  in  Figure 6.48; it contains  five menu  options  related  to
searching the  soils data bases.  Also  note the addition  of  the
status window.  This  displays information relating to  the search
to be performed (or completed) and the contents  of the soil buffer.
The status window currently shows that all soil categories are to
be searched.  Since you wish to find all prime agricultural soils
on Long Island which support potatoes, select the Type option.






K


****** r WELCOME TO "DBAPE" ******
****** DATE JANUARY 12, 1988, REV SEPTEMBER 25, 1989 ******
Select an option.
Estimate ^estimate parameter Values for"RUSTIC
Return - back to operating system
INSTRUCT
Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
elp:f|f Next:|| Xpad:|| Cmnd







 Figure  6.46.
 screen.
Selection of  the  Analyze option on  the Opening
                               140

-------
f

Select an
Find
Order
Summarize
View
Buffer
Return
...TMCTPIIrT

Analyze option.
- execute specified search
- sort buffer on selected property
- soils in buffer
- individual soil properties
- advanced buffer management
- back to Opening screen

Select an option using arrow keys
Then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
lelp:|| Next:|fj Xpad:;JH
Cmnd

Figure 6.47.  Selection of the Define option on the Analyze  (A)
screen.
1
Define (AD)

Select a Define option.
*yp& , , ™Jsp6*•, &fear
-------
Figure  6.49  shows the Type  (ADT) screen.   It contains four data
fields  in which the user specifies  whether each of the four soil
categories  is to be searched.   The default at  the  start of the
program is to search all soils.  You wish, however, to search all
prime  agricultural  soils.    Thus,  modify the  data  to  exclude
searching of the PO data base by entering 'NO1 in the data field
for this soil type.  The resulting screen is shown  in Figure 6.50.
When you  have  appropriately  modified  this screen, use  the Next
command to return back to the Define (AD) screen.  Upon returning
to the  Define  (AD)  screen  (Figure 6.51),  note that  the status
window has been modified to show that ML, Pi,  and P4 soils will all
be searched.   The next  specification needed is to instruct DBAPE
to search only  the geographic data base.  This is done by setting
the search  to not use any soil properties.   Select  the Property
option  now.   The  resulting  screen  (Property  (ADP))  is  shown in
Figure  6.52;  it contains three menu options.   Since you  wish to
search  only a specific geographic region at this time,  select the
None option.   Figure 6.53 shows the Define  (AD)  screen  with the
status  window  now displaying no properties  specified   for  the
search.   The next search parameter needing to be specified is the
geographic  area to  search.    To  start  the  process,  select  the
Geographic option.
h
r-Type (ADT)
Indicate active soil types.
ML - most likely problem soils jf|i|'
P1 - prime agricultural soils YES
P4 - irrigated agricultural soils YES
PO - non prime agricultural soils YES
STATU"
Type: HL,P1,P4,PO soil Geographic: None
Mode: Add to buffer Properties: All
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
INSTRUCT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next' command to go to next screen when done entering data.
elp:|| Next:||j! Prev:|| Limits:!! Status:|| Quiet:|| Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops

    Figure 6.49.  Initial appearance of the Type  (ADT) screen,
                               142

-------
1
	 Tvrv ^AnT^
Indicate active soil types.
ML - most likely problem soils YES
P1 - prime agricultural soils YES
P4 - irrigated agricultural soils YES
PO - possible agricultural soils JS|!
. CTATIIC
Type: ML,P1,P4,PO soil Geographic: None
Mode: Add to buffer Properties: All
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
.-TM^TRIIPT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
1elp:|| Next:|i Prev:||i Limits:!! status:l| Quiet:i|i xPae':^ Cmn^ 0oPs

Figure 6.50.  Type  (ADT)  screen options selected to search for
all prime agricultural soils.
1
Do-finr* /APM

Select a Define option.
Type - specify type of soil for search
Geographic - specify geographic area of interest
Mode - specify mode of buffer management
Return - back to Analyze
CT ATI \f
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
I M*5TPI IPT

Geographic: None
Properties: All

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
letp:||! Next: ||f Prev:i
$i Status:!! Qui"et:i! Xpad:|i Cmnd

Figure 6.51.  Selection of the Property option on the Define  (AD)
screen.
                              143

-------
<
—ppnpppty (ADP)

Select a Property option.
All - include all properties
Select - indicate specific properties
Norxr - *fcR*t ^j,,^ properties seareft
r— STATUS 	 	
Type: HL,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
INSTRUCT

Geographic: None
Properties: All

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
Help:||| Next:j|$ Prevrj
J Status:|! Qui"et:li Xpad'tl Cmnd

Figure  6.52.
screen.
Selection of the None option on  the Property  (ADP)







u
[—Define (AD)
Select a Define option.
Type - specify type of soil for search
Property - specify properties of soil for search
Mode - specify mode of buffer management
Return - back to Analyze
[-STATUS
Type: HL,P1,P4 soil Geographic: None
Mode: Add to buffer Properties: None
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
INSTRUCT
Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
elp:||{ Next:ff Prev:|| Status:f£| Quiet:.!! Xpad:!$! Cmnd








Figure 6.53.   Selection  of the Geographic option on the Define
(AD) screen.
                             144

-------
The resulting screen  (Geographic  (ADG))  is shown" in Figure 6.54;
it contains four options.  Since you wish to specify the search in
a single  state,  select the States option  from this  screen.   The
resulting screen (State (ADGS))is shown in Figure  6.55; it consists
of ten pairs of  data  fields for specifying state/county pairs to
search.  Since you wish to search only Long Island,  enter NY and
the  appropriate FIPS  codes for  Nassau  (59)  and Suffolk (103)
counties in pairs, as shown in Figure 6.56.  Use the Next command
to return back to the  Define  (AD)  screen.   Figure 6.57 shows the
Define  (AD)  screen  after specifying to  search only  Long Island.
Again, note  that the  status window has changed  to  reflect this
specification.  The  specifications for the search  are now such that
all of the soils in Long Island will  be found.   Thus,  select the
Return option to get back  to  the Analyze (A) screen.   From the
Analyze (A) screen (Figure  6.58), execute the search by selecting
the Find  option.  The  resulting  screen (Find (AF)) is  shown in
Figure  6.59; it contains five  menu  options   relating  to  the
geographic search status display.  Users with graphics capabilities
should use the Display option.  Users without graphics capabilities
should use the Text option.  If you selected the Display option,
the Display  (AFD) screen (Figure  6.60)  will  appear with a set of
parameters  relating to the graphic  display  of  the  geographic
search.  Use the default values and continue with  the Next command.
I
•
Select a Geographic area.
All - search all geographic areas
Region - specify an EPA region
None - don't search the geographic database
....CTAT|f«*
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil Geographic: None
Mode: Add to buffer Properties: None
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
)elp:|| Next:|| Prev:|jf Status:;|| Quiet :£§ Xpad:|§ Cmnd

  Figure 6.54.  Selection of  the  States option on the Geographic
  (ADG)  screen.
                               145

-------
^
Enter State and county
CTATIJ^
Type: HL,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils

values in pairs (county= 0 for all of state)
State County
none 0
none 0
none 0
none 0
none 0
none 0

Geographic: None
Properties: None
INSTRUCT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
Help:|| Hext:f| Prev:l

-------
\


Select a Define option.
Type - specify type of soil for search
Property - specify properties of soil for search
Geographic - specify geographic area of interest
Mode - specify mode of buffer management
ReipNt,, ^-fbtowfa •$& smAystp
tTATIIt
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
INSTRUCT 	

Geographic: St:NY Co: 59 St:NY Co: 103
Properties: None

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
lelp:f! Next: || Prev:i
j$j Status :|| Quiet riff Xpad:|i Cmnd

Figure 6.57.  Selection of the Return option on the Define  (AD)
screen.
I


Select an Analyze option.
Define - search criteria
^)C,,x..,,,,, ? 'eMiWfee^^p^f Jatf geared
Order - sort buffer on selected property
Summarize - soils in buffer-
View - individual soil properties
Buffer - advanced buffer maintenance
Return - back to Opening screen
STATUS
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 0 soils
I HSTRUCT

Geographic: StrNY Co:59 St:NY Co:103
Properties: None

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.

lelp:|| Next:|§ Status:^ Quiet:|| Xpad:|| Cmnd
Figure 6.58.
screen.
Selection of the Find  option on the Analyze  (A)
                             147

-------
Ftnrl fAF^

Select a geographic search display option.
PRint - map of progress
Plot - map of progress
Quit - don't do a geographic search

Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Active
Buffer: 0 soils


Geographic: St:NY Co:59 St:NY Co:103
Properties: None

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.

Help:f| Next:|i| Status:ff Quiet:f| Xpad:fJ| Cmnd
Figure 6.59.   Selection  of the Display option on the Find  (AF)
screen.

I


State boundary color > f$|i|||l
County boundary color > WHITE
County fill color > RED
County fill type > SOLID

Type: HL,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Active
Buffer: 0 soils


Geographic: St:NY Co:59 St:NY Co: 103
Properties: None

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
telp:|J! Hext:§| Prev:;
H Limits:!^ Status:j|$! Quiet:|§ Xpad:|| Cmnd

Figure 6.60.  Display (AFD) options selected for graphic Display
of geographic search status.
                              148

-------
Figure 6.61 shows the  resulting  text screen if the user does not
have graphics.   This screen simply  shows the  states  as they are
being searched.  Figure 6.62 shows the resulting map which will be
displayed if the user has graphics capabilities. The map shows the
two counties on Long Island which have ML, PI, or P4 soils in the
geographic data base.  After using R to continue  from the map or
Next: to  continue from the text  screen,  the Analyze  (A)  screen
(Figure 6.63)  again will be displayed.  Note that the status window
now shows that the search is complete and there are eight soils in
the buffer.   Now you need to search through  these  soils to find
those  which  support  potatoes.    Start  this process  by  again
selecting the Define option.  From the Define (AD) screen (Figure
6.64),  select the Property option.  Since you now wish to find the
soils which support potatoes,  choose the Select  option from the
Property (ADP) screen (Figure 6.65).   The resulting screen (Select
(ADPS)) is shown in  Figure 6.66; it consists of various data fields
for entering soil property search specifications.  Enter the value
16 (numeric code for potatoes)  in the data field for Crop as shown
in Figure  6.67  and  then use Next to continue back  to the Define
(AD) screen.   Figure 6.68 shows the Define  (AD)  screen with the
status window displaying the soil properties search specifications.
Now you need to  set the mode of  .buffer management to only search
through  the  soils  currently in  the buffer.   This  is done  by
selecting the Mode option.
I
Finri etf}

The following states are being searched: NY
Completed search of states.

Type: MU,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Active
Buffer: 0 soils
. -TM1TPMPT
Geographic: St:NY Co:59 St:NY Co:103
Properties: None

'Next1 command to go to next screen

)elp:|| Next:|2; Status:|f Quiet :|S Xpad:|£ Cmnd
      Figure 6.61.  Text display of geographic search status.
                               149

-------
                                                              Cfl

                                                             5
                                                              (0
                                                             4J
                                                              W
                                                             O
                                                             01

                                                             O
                                                             •H
                                                             o
                                                             o
                                                             W
                                                             •H
                                                             •d

                                                             o
                                                             •H
                                                             ft
                                                             M
                                                             C9
                                                             Pd
150

-------




^

Select
ttefSfte

an Analyze option.
' ' * sear & isrf tsrfa
Find - execute specified search
Order - sort buffer on selected property
Summarize - soils in buffer
View
Buffer
Return
STATU0
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Complete
Buffer: 8 soi Is
INSTRUCT
- individual soil properties
- advanced buffer maintenance
- back to Opening screen

Geographic: St:MY Co:59 St:NY Co:103
Properties: None

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.





lelp:|| Next:|| Status:§| Quiet:'!! Xpad:|| Cmnd
Figure 6.63.
screen.
              Selection of the Define option on the Analyze (A)
(
Define (AD)

Select a Define option.
Type - specify type of soil for search
W&p&ui 	 *''$^fyv'&i)j&%^'W,'£v¥i'^^ri&
Geographic - specify geographic area of interest
Mode - specify mode of buffer management
Return - back to Analyze
STATU0
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Complete
Buffer: 8 soils
INSTRUCT

Geographic: St:NY Co:59 St:NY Co:103
Properties: None

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
lelp:|| Next:H Prev:j
H Status:|I Quiet:|i X pad: IS Cmnd

Figure 6.64.   Selection of the Property option on the Define (AD)
screen.
                             151

-------


Select a Property option.
STATUS
Type: ML.P1.P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Complete
Buffer: 8 soils
—I MtTPUPT

Geographic: St:NY Co: 59 St:NY Co: 103
Properties: None

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
Help:||| Next: HJ Prev:]
§ Status :H Qui'et:|i Xpad:|| Cmnd

Figure 6.65.
(ADP) screen.
Selection of  the Select option  on the Property






f
Select (ADPS) 	
Enter values for desired parameters.
Name ">^^^ Hydrologic Group -->none Crop — > 0
Parameter Zone Minimum Maximum True/False
none none 0. 0. TRUE
none none 0. 0. TRUE
none none 0. 0. TRUE
none none 0. 0. TRUE
none none 0. 0. TRUE
STATU*"
Type: HL.P1.P4 soil Geographic: St:NY Co: 59 St:NY Co: 103
Mode: Add to buffer Properties: None
Search: Complete
Buffer: 8 soils
INSTRUCT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
lelp:|| Next:|| Prev:|| Limits:^ Status :ff Quiet:|f Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops







  Figure 6.66.   initial appearance of the Select (ADS)  screen.
                             152

-------
f
Select (ADPS)
Enter values for desired parameters.
Name --> Hydro logic Group -->none Crop --> 16
;
Parameter Zone Minimum Maximum True/False
"'n£n! none 0. 0. TRUE
none none 0. 0. TRUE
none none 0. 0. TRUE
none none 0. 0. TRUE
none none 0. 0. TRUE
STATUS
Type: ML, P1,P4 soil Geographic: St:NY Co:59 St:NY Co:103
Mode: Add to buffer Properties: None
Search: Complete
Buffer: 8 soils
INSTRUCT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
' Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
lelp:|| Next:|| Prev:|| Limits:ff Status:§| Quiet:|| Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops

Figure 6.67.
potatoes.
Select (ADS)  screen options selected to search for
t
Define CAD)'

Select a Define option.
Type - specify type of soil for search
Property - specify properties of soil for search
Geographic - specify geographic area of interest
Mode", - specify OKK& ,of feuf^-af raans9*w
-------
Figure 6.69 shows the Mode (ADM)  screen.  Select the Subset option
to  search through only the  soils  currently in the buffer.   The
status window  on the Define  (AD)  screen (Figure 6.70) shows that
the buffer mode has been  set  to Subset the buffer.   The search
specifications are now set as desired, so select the Return option.
From the  Analyze (A)  screen  (Figure 6.71),  again select the Find
option to find the  soils  in the buffer which support potatoes.
Since  you have  specified properties  for which  to  search,  the
resulting screen (Find (AF), Figure 6.72) shows  the  progress of
the search through the soils  properties data base.  When the final
display  of soils  searched and  selected is made, use  the  Next
command to continue the search process.  The resulting  screen (Find
(AF))  is  shown  in Figure 6.73;  it  contains  five menu options
relating  to the  geographic  search  status  display.    Users  with
graphics capabilities should  use the Display option. Users without
graphics  capabilities should use the Text option.   If  you selected
the Display  option,  the Display (AFD)  screen  (Figure 6.74)  will
appear with a set of parameters relating to the graphic display of
the geographic search.  Use  the default values and continue with
the Next  command.  Figure 6.75 shows the resulting text screen if
the user does not have graphics.   This screen simply shows  the
states as they are being searched.  Figure 6.76  shows the resulting
map which will be displayed if the  user has  graphics available.
The map shows all of the counties in New York from the  first search
which support potatoes.
f
Mode (ADH)
Select a Mode for
Add - soils foi
Clear - remove s<
TATD1"
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 8 soils
IH^TPIIPT

updating buffer.
jnd in search^ to existing buffer
)ils from current buffer

Geographic: St:NY Co:59 St:NY Co:103
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
lelp:|j| Next:fH Prev:;
H Status:;!| Quiet:|S Xpad:|S Cmnd

  Figure 6.69.  Selection of the Subset option on the Mode (ADM)
  screen.
                               154

-------
n*£i~.~. fnr\\








Select a
Type
Property

Define option.
- specify type of soil for search
- specify properties of soil for search
Geographic - specify geographic area of interest
Mode
OTATIIC'
Type: ML.P1.P4 soil
Mode: Subset buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 8 soils
TtiT



- specify mode of buffer management

Geographic: St:NY Co:59 St:NY Co:103
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES











Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
Help:|| Next:||" Prev:i



|| Status:!? Quiet:!! XPad:W; Cmncl
Figure 6.70.  Selection of the Return option on the Define  (AD)
screen.














Select
Define
Order


an Analyze option.
- search criteria
- sort buffer on selected property
Summarize - soils in buffer
View
Buffer
Return
• -STATUS
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Subset buffer
Search: Pending
Buffer: 8 soils
T»ie»Tnn^T



- individual soil properties
- advanced buffer maintenance
- back to Opening screen

Geographic: St:NY Co:59 St:NY Co:103
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES















Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.



Help:jj|f Next:$2i Status :jj|j!j Quiet :|$ Xpad:|5 Cmnd
Figure 6.71.
screen.
Selection of the  Find  option on the Analyze  (A)
                              155

-------
\


Soils searched: 8
Soils selected: 6
STATU"
Type: HL,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Subset buffer
Search: Active
Buffer: 8 soils


Geographic: St:NY Co:59 St:NY Co:103
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES

'Next1 command to go to next screen

elp:'|| Next:||| Status:|| Quiet :||! Xpad:f$ Cmnd
Figure 6.72.  Find  (AF) screen display showing final results of
soils properties data base search.
	 rfnr] fAM

Select a geographic search display option.
, Text - summary of progress
PRint - map of progress
' PLot - map of progress
Quit - don't do a geographic search
STATUS
Type: HL,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Subset buffer
Search: Active
Buffer: 6 soils
TMCTn|lf>T

Geographic: St: NY Co: 59 St:NY Co:103
Properties: None •- •

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option. •'

Help:||| Next:|J| Status:^ Quiet:|! Xpad:f? Cmnd
Figure 6.73.  Selection  of  the  Display option on the Find  (AF)
screen.
                             156

-------








State boundary color



County boundary color > WHITE
County fill color
County fill type
STATUS 	 .,
Type: ML.P1.P4 soil
Node: Add to buffer
Search: Active
Buffer: 6 soils
tuoTniior



> RED
> SOLID

Geographic: St:NY Co: 59 St:NY Co: 103
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES







Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
Help:|| Next:|2 Prev:]



|i Limits:!! Status :|f! Quiet :|| Xpad:|S Cmnd
Figure 6.74.  Display  (AFD) screen options selected for graphic
display of geographic search status.
»
Find (AF)
The following states are being searched: NY
Completed search of states.
STATUS
Type: ML.P1.P4 soil Geographic: St:HY Co: 59 St:NY Co: 103
Mode: Subset buffer Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES
Search: Active
Buffer: 6 soils
1 U^TDIIPT,. ... . 	 	
'Next1 command to go to next screen

-------
                                                                 03
                                                                 s
                                                                 «J
                                                                 •p
                                                                 ra
                                                                 o

                                                                 10

                                                                 01

                                                                 o
                                                                 •H
                                                                 fi
                                                                 O
                                                                 0)
                                                                 14-1
                                                                 o
                                                                 01
                                                                 •H
                                                                 •O

                                                                 O
                                                                 •H
                                                                 A

                                                                 81
                                                                 M
                                                                 vo
                                                                 c*.
                                                                  •
                                                                 \o

                                                                 
-------
After using R to continue from the map or Next to continue from the
text screen,  the Analyze (A) screen  (Figure  6.77)  will again be
displayed.   Select the  Return option  to  return to  the Opening
screen (Figure 6.78).  Select the Estimate option.  The resulting
screen (Estimate (E»  is shown in Figure  6.79;  it contains four
menu options.  Select the Przm option.   The resulting screen  (Przm
(EP)) is shown  in Figure 6.80;  it contains two data fields, each
with two  options.  Use  the Next  command  to  accept  the initial
values of  INDIVIDUAL and DISPLAY.   The resulting  Display  (EPD)
screen is shown  in figure 6.81.   This screen shows the estimated
parameters for the PRZM portion of the RUSTIC model for the  first
of six soils  (ENFIELD) in the buffer.   Use the Intrpt command to
return to the Przm (EP)  screen.   Now modify the Przm (EP) screen
to estimate weighted parameter values by entering WEIGHTED in the
first data field.   The resulting  screen is shown in Figure  6.82.
When you  have  appropriately modified  the screen,  use  the Next
command to view the Weight  (EPW)  screen.   Figure 6.83  shows the
Weight (EPW) screen which displays the number of soils used in the
weighting (overall and by zone) as well as the weighted parameter
estimates for each zone.  Use the Next command  to return to the
Przm (EP) screen.














Select
Define
Find
Order


an Analyze option.
- search criteria
- execute specified search
- sort buffer on selected property
Summarize - soils in buffer
View
Buffer

Type: ML,P1,P4 soil
Mode: Subset buffer
Search: Complete
Buffer: 6 soils




- individual soil properties
- advanced buffer maintenance

Geographic: St:NY Co:59 St:NY Co:103
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES















Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.



Help:|| Next:|| Status:|if Quiet:f! Xpad:|f: Cmnd
  Figure 6.77.
  screen.
Selection of the Return option on the Analyze (A)
                                159

-------
H
I — Opening screen
**************************************************************
****** WELCOME TO "DBAPE" ******
****** DATE JANUARY 12, 1988, REV. SEPTEMBER 25, 1989 ******
**************************************************************
Select an option.
Return - back to operating system ""'* 	 *'~
i— STATUS
Type: ML,P1,P4 soil Geographic: St:NY Co:59 St:NY Co:103
Mode: Subset buffer Properties: Name: Group: Crop: POTATOES
Search: Complete
Buffer: 6 soils
IMSTRUCT
Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
elp:f| Next:|| Status:|| Quiet:|| Xpad:|| Cmnd

Figure  6.78.   Selection of the  Estimate option on the Opening
screen.
^
i — Estimate (E)
Select an Estimate option.
Vadoft ""-"est^ma'te^VADorf'Ser^ranieters
Functions - estimate soil-water functional relationships
Return - to opening screen
INSTRUCT
Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
elp:H Next:ff Status:^ Xpad:f|| Cmnd

Figure 6.79.  Selection of  the  Przm option on the Estimate (E)
screen.
                             160

-------


— Przro (EP) 	 ••'"
Estimate option > ;|ll|f|lg|| Individual -
Weighted
Output option > DISPLAY Display
Save


one soil at a time
summary of soils in buffer
table on screen
table in file on disk

—INSTRUCT 	 — " 	
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
Help:|| Next:|f Prev:f! Limits:^ Status:|

| Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops
Figure 6.80.  Przm  (EP) screen options selected to display PRZM
estimates for individual soils.


—Display (EPD) 	
Soil > BKFIBtS:',' ,- < '" *--*= <
Organic
Hatter
(percent)
Midpoint Estimate 4.
Estimated Range 2.
6.
Note: use Intrpt command to quit


1 of 6 ) Zone
Wilting Field
Point wlpt&aw -.
0.16914 0.41914 0
0.09954 0.29954 0
0.23873 0.53873 0
display and return to


> SUR Depth 17.8
Capacity
10 bar -.33 bar
.44293 0.39656
.30805 0.26683
.57781 0.5263
Przm screen.

—INSTRUCT- 	 •
View data in highlighted field.
Use 'Help1 command to see field def inition(s).
Help:|| Next:|| Prev:|| Limits
:i|| Intrpt: i| Status


:|§ Xpad:||! Cmnd
Figure  6.81.   Display (EPD)  screen for individual soils for the
Przm option of Estimate.
                              161

-------
X
Pr:m (EP)
Estimate option > WEIGHTED Individual - one soil at a time
Weighted - summary of soils in buffer
Output option > Display - table on screen
Save - table in file on disk
INSTRUCT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
etp:f| Next:f| Prev:f|: Limits:|§ Status:|| Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops

Figure  6.82.   Przm  (EP)  screen  options selected  to  display
weighted parameter values.


K
i—Wcight (EPW)

Weighted Estimates from 'n ,.
Number
of soils
Zone averaged
SUR 6
SUB 6
STR 6
INSTRUCT

elP:H Next:f||
Organic
Hatter
(percent)
3.56777
1.18976
0.61107


fi soil(s)
Wilting Field Capacity
Point wlpt&aw -.10 bar -.33 bar
0.15937 0.3391 0.39795 0.35689
0.09242 0.19523 0.24785 0.21477
0.04784 0.0782 0.13376 0.11049

View data in highlighted field.
Use 'Help' command to see field def inition(s).



Limits:!! Status :§!§ Xpad:|| Cmnd
Figure  6.83.   Display  screen  for weighted soils  for the Przm
option of Estimate.
                             162

-------
Since you wish to have parameter estimations for Long Island as a
whole, save  the  weighted parameter values to  a  file by entering
SAVE  in  the  second  data  field.    When  you  have  made  this
modification, as shown in Figure  6.84,  use the Next  command to
bring up the Save  (EPS)  screen.   Figure 6.85 shows that the Save
(EPS) screen contains  one  data  field for entering a file name in
which to save the  PRZM parameter results.   Enter a file name, in
the  same manner  as shown  in Figure 6.86,  and then  use the Next
command to continue back to  the Przm (EP)  screen.   Since you now
have a file  of weighted estimated parameters for the PRZM portion
of the RUSTIC model,  leave the  PRZM portion of estimate by using
the Prev command from the Przm (EP) screen (Figure 6.87). This now
returns you  to the Estimate  (E) screen  as  shown in Figure 6.88.
From here,  select the Vadoft option to  bring  up the Vadoft  (EV>
screen.   Figure  6.89  shows  the Vadoft  (EV) screen  has the same
format as the Przm (EP) screen.  Use the Next command to  accept the
initial values of INDIVIDUAL and DISPLAY.   The resulting Display
(EVD)  screen is  shown in Figure  6.90.   It shows the estimated
parameters for the VADOFT portion of the RUSTIC model for the first
of six soils (ENFIELD)  in  the buffer.   Use the Intrpt command to
return to the Vadoft  (EV)  screen.


Estimate option > J8|;'t^l|iPJ||;; Individual - one soil at a time
'""""" 	 Weighted - summary of soils in buffer
Output option > SAVE Display - table on screen
Save - table in file on disk

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.

Help:'!! Next:|| Prev:|| Limits:^ Status:|| Xpad:f|f Cmnd Oops
  Figure  6.84.   Przm  (EP)  screen options  selected to save  PRZM
  estimates  for weighted  soils.
                                163

-------





X
i—Save (EPS)
Name qfjf JJLe^injjhjch to saveJPRZM parameter estimation results?

INSTRUCT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next' command t(5 go to next screen when done entering data.
elP:H Hext:li Prev:ll Limits:^ Status:;!! HP^H Cmnd






Figure  6.85.   Initial  appearance  of Save (EPS) screen  for the
Przm  option of Estimate.

i— Save {EPS)
Hg^gt-lU.Sv1"-"-!11"^1 to%save PRZM parameter estimation results?
SpajMiiKOUt ' " ^ -\\ ; ^ ' ': ,
j.-.v,' +**•,*, ^ffijfj ' •, ^ f % fff
INSTRUCT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
Help:H Next:II Prev:ll Llmlts:ll status:|| Xpadrll Cmnd

Figure 6.86.   save (EPS)  screen modified to save weighted PRZM
parameter estimation results to a file.
                             164

-------
         r-Przm -
           Estimate option >
           Output option   > SAVE
Individual - one soil at a time
Weighted   - summary of soils in buffer

Display   - table on screen
Save      - table in file on disk
          -INSTRUCT-
                          Enter data in highlighted.field - : estimate soil -water functional relationships
Return - to opening screen


Help:!! Next:

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
H Status:^ Xpad:|| Cmnd
i
 Figure  6.88.   Selection of  tne Vadoft option on the  Estimate  (E)
 screen.
                                       165

-------


i—Vndoft (EV)
Estimate option > li|jj$|ff|pl Individual -
Weighted -
Output option > DISPLAY Display
Save
-I NSTRUCT- 	

one soil at a time
summary of soils in buffer
table on screen
table in file on disk

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next' command to go to next screen when done entering data.
Help:|| Next:|| Prev:f| Limits:|| Status:|
\ X pad: II Cmnd Oops

Figure  6.89.   Vadoft (EV) screen  options  selected to  display
VADOFT  estimates  for individual soils.

i— Of^plny (FVO) —

Soil > ENFIELD ( 1 of 6 } Zone > SUR Depth > 17.8
Residual Saturated Hydraulic van Genuchten
Water Conduct ivity( cm/day) alpha beta gairnia
Content Rawls Collis
Midpoint Estimate 0.0337 5.9 47. 0.0202 1.37 0.267
Estimated Range 0.0195 1.2 15. 0.0111 1.34 0.251
0.044 26. 120. 0.0341 1.38 0.274
Note: use Intrpt command to quit display and return to Vadoft screen.
INSTRUCT - '

Help:|| Next:||

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
prev:H Ll"m1~ts:li IntrPt:|! status:|| xpad:|| Cmnd

Figure 6.90.  Display screen for individual  soils  for the VADOFT
option of Estimate.
                             166

-------
Modify  this screen  to display  weighted parameter  estimates  by
entering WEIGHTED in the first data field.  When you have properly
modified  the  screen, as  is  shown  in  Figure 6.91, use  the Next
command to  bring up the Weight  (EVW)  screen.   Figure 6.92 shows
the Weight  (EVW) screen which displays  the number of soils used in
the  weighting  (overall  and  by  zone)   as  well  as  the  weighted
estimates for each  soil  zone.  Use the Next command to return to
the  Vadoft  (EV)  screen.   Since you  wish  to save  the  weighted
estimates for the VADOFT portion of the RUSTIC model to a file,
modify  the  Vadoft  (EV) screen to  do so by  entering  SAVE  in the
second data field.  When you have modified this screen as shown in
Figure  6.93,  use  the Next  command to bring  up the Save (EVS)
screen.  Figure 6.94 shows the Save (EVS) screen contains one data
field in which to enter a file name to  save the weighted estimated
parameters  for  the VADOFT portion of  the RUSTIC model.   Enter a
file name in the  same manner as  Figure 6.95  and then  use the Next
command to  return to the Vadoft  (EV) screen.  Since you now have
the  weighted  estimated parameters for the VADOFT  portion  of the
RUSTIC model on  a file, use the  Prev command from the Vadoft' (EV)
screen  (Figure 6.96) to leave the VADOFT portion of  estimate.  This
returns you to  the Estimate  (E) screen  as  shown in  Figure 6.97.
Use the Return option to get back to the Opening screen.  From the
Opening screen,  use the Return option, as shown in Figure  6.98.
1

— Vadot t ( LV ) 	 	
Estimate option > WEIGHTED Individual - one soil at a time
Weighted - summary of soils in buffer
Output option > £lSpLft¥ - Display - table on screen
Save - table in file on disk

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.

Help:|! Next:H Prev:ll Limits:!! Status:!! Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops
  Figure  6.91.   Vadoft  (EV)  screen  options selected to  display
  weighted parameter values.
                                167

-------

i— Weight (EVW)
Weighted Estimates from
Number Residual
of soils Water
Zone averaged Content
SUR 6 0.0447
SUB 6 0.046
STR 6 0.0451
IHSTRUHT

6 soil(s)
Saturated Hydraulic
Conduct ivity( cm/day) van Genuchten
Rawls Col I is alpha beta gamma
71. 380. 0.0562 1.36 0.267
140. 550. 0.0749 1.4 0.287
440. 2200. 0.125 1.49 0.331

View data in highlighted field.
Use 'Help' command to see field def inition(s).

Help:||| Next:|![ Liraitsijp Status:fj§ Xpad:|^ Cmnd
Figure  6.92.   Display screen for weighted soils  for the Vadoft
option  of Estimate.

i— Vndoft (EV)
Estimate option > ^HP|Kf Individual - one soil at a time
Weighted - summary of soils in buffer
Output option > SAVE Display - table on screen
Save - table in file on disk
INSTRUCT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use "Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
HelP:H Next:H prev:H Ll"m'ts:ll Status:!! xPad:I§ Cmnd Oops

Figure 6.93.  Vadoft (EV)  screen options selected to save VADOFT
estimates for weighted soils.
                             •168

-------
1

Name of file in which to save VADOFT parameter estimation results?
> •/•••• % ^ % ?t ffw -~ ~-~y 	 ~....i.Vf.v.. 	 	 	 ^%7. ..,,.,,.,,,,,,,,, .,.,,,,..,,..,,,,,,,, f

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next' command to go to next screen when done entering data.
telp:|! Next:|! Prev:|! Limits:|^ Status:|| Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops

Figure 6.94.   Initial appearance of Save  (EVS)  screen for the
Vadoft option of Estimate.
1

Name of file in which to save VADOFT parameter estimation results?
vadpm'^'t" ~ 	 ' _ ' ' '""• " '-'" '"":; , ,

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
telp:|| Next:H Prev:|| Limits:|^ Status:|| Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops

Figure 6.95.  Save (EVS) screen modified to save weighted VADOFT
parameter estimation results to a file.
                              169

-------
^
Vnrtnft (F\l}
Estimate option > l|||jllilltl Individual - one soil at a time
Weighted - summary of soils in buffer
Output option > SAVE Display - table on screen
Save - table in file on disk
INSTRUCT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
elp:fj Next:||! Prev:H Limits :|| Status:|| Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops

Figure  6.96.   Vadoft  (EV)  screen displayed  during return  to
Estimate  (E) screen.
h
Estimate (£)••
Which Estimate option?
Przm - estimate PRZH model parameters
Vadoft - estimate VADOFT model parameters
Functions -tjestimate. soil -water functional relationships
INSTRUCT
Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
elp:|| Next:f| Status:|f Xpad:f| Cmnd

Figure 6.97.  Selection of the Return option on the Estimate  (E)
screen.
                             170

-------


—Opening screen 	
**************************************************************
****** WELCOME TO "DBAPE" ******
****** DATE JANUARY 12, 1988, REV. SEPTEMBER 25, 1989 ******
**************************************************************
Select an option.
Analyze - analyze soil property or geographic data base
Estimate - estimate parameter values for RUSTIC
jte^m, -^r^'^attHg: system

—I NSTRUCT 	 	
Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.
telp:f| Next:|!if Status:|| Xpad:||| Cmnd

Figure  6.98,
screen.
Selection of  the Return  option  on the  Opening
                              171

-------
 6.3   DISPLAY AND IDENTIFY METEOROLOGIC  STATIONS  (EXAMPLE  3)

 This  example  assumes  you  are  familiar with how  to  define and
 execute  searches of the soils data bases.   If you  are not,  refer
 to examples  one and two of  this chapter as  the searches specified
 and executed there are similar to the one in this example.   It also
 assumes  you  have graphics  (GKS) available.

 You have been told a study is to be done on  soils in Georgia  which
 support  peanuts.  Only  most likely problem  soils are of interest.
 Since meteorologic  data will be needed for this study,  you have
 been  asked  to  find  not only  the  soils   of interest,   but the
 meteorologic stations nearest these soils.

 Run  the  program  by entering "DBAPE" from  the  operating  system.
 Type  the following  keystrokes to begin  defining  the search:  A D T
   N   N  N    P S.   Now  edit the  Select (ADPS)
 screen to specify a  search  for peanuts  (Figure 6.99).  When  done,
 use  the Next command.   Now  type the following  keystrokes  to
 continue defining the search: G S.   Modify the State (ADGS) screen
 to search only the state of  Georgia (Figure 6.100).  When done, use
 the Next command. Now type the following: R  F. From the Find (AF)
 screen,  use the Next command followed by D.   From the Display  (AFD)
 screen,  use the Next command.  When the map  is complete, type R to
 return to the Analyze  (A)   screen.  From the Analyze (A)   screen,
 select the View option as  shown in Figure  6.101.  The resulting
 screen (View  (AV)) is shown in Figure 6.102;  it contains four menu
 options  related to viewing  the search results.    Select  the Map
 option.  The resulting screen (Map (AVM)) is  shown in Figure 6.103;
 it contains  two  data  fields related to the output of  the  map.
 Since  you will be  identifying  first  order stations on  the  map,
 leave  the output device as  display  so  that  you can interact with
 the map  on your monitor.'  Leave the second  data field at a value
 of YES so that the first order stations will  be displayed.   Use the
Next command to continue.  Accept the default values on the Display
 (AVMD) screen  (Figure 6.104) by using  the Next  command.   The map
 showing  the  locations of the soils  in the buffer  and  the  first
order stations will now be  generated (Figure 6.105) .  When  the map
 is complete, you may move the  graphics  cursor by using the arrow
keys or  a mouse.  Move  the  graphics cursor  to a particular point
of interest  and then type  I to identify the nearest meteorologic
 station.   The  graphics  cursor will  automatically be moved to the
 station  and the name of the  station will be  output to the printer.
When you have identified the stations of interest, type R to exit
the map  and  return  to the View (AV) screen.  From the  View (AV)
screen (Figure 6.106), select the Return option.   From the Analyze
 (A)  screen (Figure 6.107), select the Return  option.   Finally, exit
DBAPE by selecting the Return option on  the Opening  screen  (Figure
 6.108).
                               172

-------


—Select (ADPS) 	 	
Enter values for desired parameters.
Name --> Hydrologic Group -->none Crop --> 5
Parameter Zone Minimum Maximum True/False
' ftiSn
-------




\\
r-Analyze (A) 	
Select
Define

an Analyze option.
- search ^criteria
Order - sort buffer on selected' property
Summarize - soils in buffer
View
Buffer
Return
[—STATUS 	
Type: HL soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Complete
Buffer: 30 soils
INSTRUCT
- individual soil properties
- advanced buffer maintenance
- back to Opening screen

Geographic: St:GA Co:AU •
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: PEANUTS

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.





elP:H Mext:li status:|| Quiet:If xP3d:|| Cmnd
Figure  6.101.
screen.
Selection of the View option  on  the Analyze (A)
j-Vieu • jUjje&fci <%siufi:s
Save - details of search results
Hap - showing location of selected soils
Return - to Analyze screen
i— STATUS
Type: ML soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Complete
Buffer: 30 soils
pINSTRUCT

Geographic: St:GA Co:AU
Properties: Name Group: Crop: PEANUTS

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.

HelP:li Next:ll status:il Quiet:l! Xpad1!! Cmnd
Figure  6.102.
screen.
Selection  of the Map  option on  the View  (AV)
                             174

-------
t
Map (AVH)
Map output device > l|Si!$i
Show meteorologic locations > YES
CTATM^
Type: ML soil Geographic: St:GA Co: All
Mode: Add to buffer Properties: Name Group: Crop: PEANUTS
Search: Complete
Buffer: 30 soils
INSTRUCT
Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
lelp:|| Next:|f Prev:fl Lim'ts:il status:|| Quiet :f$ Xpad:|$i Cmnd Oops

Figure 6.103.  Hap (AVM) screen options selected to map locations
of soils and first order stations.
I
Display (AVMD)

State boundary color > §HI11
County boundary color > WHITE
County fill color > RED
County fill type > SOLID
Station marker color > WHITE
STATU0
Type: ML soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Complete
Buffer: 30 soils
INSTRUCT

Geographic: St:GA Co: All
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: PEANUTS

Enter data in highlighted field(s).
Use carriage return or arrow keys to enter data and move between fields.
Use 'Next1 command to go to next screen when done entering data.
)elp:|| Next:'l| Prev:j
f| Limits:j| Status:^ Quiet:|| Xpad:|| Cmnd Oops

Figure  6.104.   Display  (AVMD)   options  selected
locations of soils and first order stations.
for map  of
                             175

-------
Figure 6.
stations,
105. Hap displaying locations of soils and first order
                             176

-------
,Viru fAV}

Select soil search results View option.
Display - details of search results
Save - details of search results
Map - showing location of selected soils
••"STATUS 	 —
Type: ML soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Complete
Buffer: 30 soils
fMCTIJUpT

Geographic: St:GA Co:AU
Properties: Name Group: Crop: PEANUTS

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.

Help:|| Next:ll status:II Quiet:li Xpad:fH Cmnd
Figure 6.106.
screen.
Selection of the Return option on  the  View (AV)
1


Select an Analyze option.
Define - search criteria
Find - execute specified search
Order - sort buffer on selected property
Summarize - soils in buffer
View - individual soil properties
Buffer - advanced buffer maintenance
setUw' ' ,Vbs<& to..Qj8s»$fl8 ««ee«n
rTATII"!
Type: ML soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Complete
Buffer: 30 soils
IMSTR1IPT

Geographic: St:GA Co:AU
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: PEANUTS

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.

telp:i| Next: || Status :|| Quiet :||i Xpad:jf| Cmnd
Figure 6.107.  Selection of the Return option on the Analyze  (A)
screen.
                             177

-------
^


**************************************************************
****** WELCOME TO "DBAPE" ******
****** DATE JANUARY 12, 1988, REV. SEPTEMBER 25, 1989 ******
**************************************************************
Select an option.
Analyze - analyze soil property or geographic data base
Estimate ~ estimate parameter values TOP RUSTIC
STATUS
Type: ML soil
Mode: Add to buffer
Search: Complete
Buffer: 30 soils
INSTRUCT

Geographic: StrGA Co:AU
Properties: Name: Group: Crop: PEANUTS

Select an option using arrow keys
then confirm selection with the F2 key, or
Type the first letter of an option.

elp:|| Next:||| Status :|| Quiet:|S Xpad:gS Cmnd
Figure 6.108.
screen.
Selection of  the  Return option on  the Opening
                             178

-------
                            REFERENCES
1.   American  National  Standards  Institute.    1985.    Computer
     Graphics-   Graphical   Kernal   System    (GKS)   Functional
:     Description.  ANSI X3.124-1985, ANSI, Inc., New York, NY.

2.   Brooks, R.H. and A.T. Corey.  1964.  Hydraulic Properties of
     Porous  Media.    Hydrology  Paper  NO.  3,  Colorado  State
     University, Fort Collins, CO.

3.   Brutsaert,  W.    1966.    Probability  Laws  for  Pore-Size
     Distributions.  Soil Science 101(2):85-92.

4.   Childs, B.C. and N.  Collis-George.   1950.   The Permeability
     of Porous  Materials.  Proceedings  of the  Royal  Society of
     London A201:392-405.

5.   Dean, J.D., P.S. Huyakorn, A.S. Donigian, Jr., K.A. Vpos, R.W.
     Schanz and Y.J. Meeks.  1989.  Risk of Unsaturated/Saturated
     Transport  and  Transformation  of  Chemical  Concentrations
     (RUSTIC).    Volume   I,  Theory  and  Verification.     U.S.
     Environmental  Protection Agency,  Athens,  GA.    EPA/600/3-
     89/048a.

6.   El-Kadi, A.I.   1984a.   A  Computer Program to  Estimate the
     Parameters of Soil Hydraulic Properties, 'SOIL', Interactive
     Version for Mainframe and Minicomputers.   IGWMC-PLUTO 6330,
     International Ground Water Modeling Center, Holcomb Research
     Institute, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN.

7.   El-Kadi, A.I.   1984b. Automated Estimation of the Parameters
f    of Soil  Hydraulic Properties.    GWMI  84-12,  International
;     Ground Water  Modeling Center,  Holcomb  Research  Institute,
     Butler University, Indianapolis, IN.

8.   Farnsworth,  R.K.,   E.S.  Thompson  and   E.L.  Peck.    1982.
     Evaporation Atlas for the Contiguous 48 United States.  NOAA
     Technical Report NWS  33, Office of Hydrology, National Weather
     Service, Washington, DC.
                               179

-------
9.   Farnsworth, R.K. and E.S. Thompson.  1982.  Mean Monthly,
     Seasonal, and Annual Pan Evaporation for the United States.
     NOAA Technical Report NWS 34, Office of Hydrology, National
     Weather Service, Washington, DC.

10.   Freeze,  R.A. and J.A. Cherry-  1979.  Groundwater.  Prentice-
      Hall,  Inc.   Englewood Cliffs,  NJ.

11.   Hamon, R.W.,  L.L.  Weiss and W.T. Wilson.  1954.  insolation
      as an Empirical Function of Daily Sunshine Duration.  Monthly
      Weather  Review 82(6):141-146.

12.   Kittle,  J.L.,  Jr., P.R.  Hummel  and  J.C.  Imhoff.    1989.
     .ANNIE-IDE,   A  System  for  Developing   Interactive  User
      Interfaces for  Environmental  Models   (Programmers  Guide).
      U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, GA.  EPA/600/3-
      89/034

13.   Kool,  J.B.  and J.C. Parker.  1988.  Analysis of the Inverse
      Problem  for Transient Unsaturated  Flow.   Water Resources
      Research,  24:817-830.

14.   Mualem,  Y.   1976.   A New Model for Predicting the Hydraulic
      Conductivity of Unsaturated Porous  Media.   Water Resources
      Research,  2,  513-521.

15.   Penman,  H.L.  1948.   Natural Evaporation  from Open Water,
      Bare  Soil and Grass.   Proceedings of the  Royal Society of
      London A193:120-145.

16.   Rawls  W.J.,   D.L.   Brakensiek  and  K.E.  Saxton.    1982.
     . Estimation of  Soil Water Properties.  Trans.  ASAE, 25:1316-
      1320.

17.   Rawls  W.J.  and D.L. Brakensiek.   1985.   Prediction of Soil
      Water Properties for Hydrologic Modeling. Proc. Symposium of
      Committee on Watershed Management,  Irrigation and Drainage
      Div.,  ASCE Convention, Denver,  CO.

18.   van  Genuchten, M.T.    1978.   Calculating the Unsaturated
      Hydraulic Conductivity  with a  New Closed-Form Analytical
      Model.    78-WR-08,  Water  Resources  Program,  Department of
      Civil  Engineering,  Princeton University,  Princeton,  NJ.

19.   Vauclin, M., R. Havercamp  and G. Vachaud.  1979.  Resolution
      Numerique D'une Equation de Diffusion Non Lineaire, Presses
      Universitaires de  Grenoble.
                               180

-------
20.   USDA Soil  Conservation Service.   1985.   User  Manual  for
      Interactive Soils  Databases:   National  Soil Survey  Area
      Database, Soil Interpretations Record Database and Plant Name
      Database.   USDA Soil Conservation Service, Fort Collins, CO.

21.   United States Department of Commerce.  1979.  Specifications
      for County  Equivalents of the States of the United States and
      the District of  Columbia.    Federal  Information  Processing
      Standard 6-3, National  Bureau of Standards, Washington, DC.

22.   United  States  Department  of  Commerce.   1982.    Station
      Historical  File.   U.S. Dept. of  Commerce, National Oceanic
      and Atmospheric  Admin.,  National  Climatic  Data  Center,
      Asheyille,  NC.

23;   United States Department of Commerce.  1985.  Summary of the
      Day First  Order  Data  (TD-3210).   U.S.  Dept.  of Commerce,
      National Oceanic and Atmospheric Admin.,  National  Climatic
      Data Center, Asheville, NC.

24.   United States  Department  of  Commerce.    1986.   Graphical
      Kernel System  (GKS)  Software Standard.  Federal Information
      Processing  Standard  Publication  120,  National  Bureau  of
      Standards,  Washington,  DC.
                               181

-------
                            APPENDIX A

                 PROJECT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Development  of  the DBAPE  program was  initiated  in  1987  as a
component  of EPA Contract No.  68-03-6304.  The primary objective
of  DBAPE  was  to provide  a  link between  two  EPA development
products:  environmental  data  bases and environmental models.  At
the onset, the  data bases of interest were primarily a geographic
and soils properties data base and a meteorologic data base.  Both
are described in more  detail  in Appendix B.   The environmental
model of immediate interest was the RUSTIC model, a newly developed
model which simulates the transport of field-applied pesticides in
the crop root zone, the unsaturated zone and  the saturated zone to
a  drinking  water  well,  taking  into  account  the  effects  of
agricultural management practices.  Given the extensive scope and
complex nature  of the modeling task which RUSTIC  addresses, there
was concern  among its  developers that  application  of  the model
would tax  the users' resources  and patience to  the point where
model use would be discouraged. DBAPE was  created to encourage and
support the use of the RUSTIC model by providing an efficient means
to obtain some  of the data  needed to run the model.

Input  requirements for  the RUSTIC model include  data  directly
available from the soils and meteorologic  data bases.  Included in
this category are percent organic matter for soils and timeseries
of rainfall,  air temperature and windspeed. Additional model input
requirements  can be  satisfied by performing  relatively  simple
computations on data contained (1)  within the  sails data base to
obtain values  for wilting  point,  field capacity, residual water
content, the van Genuchten soil  water retention parameters and
saturated hydraulic conductivity  and  (2)  within the meteorologic
data base to  develop timeseries of evaporation and solar radiation.
In 1988  and  1989, development work continued  under EPA Contract
No. 68-03-3513 to enable these  capabilities in DBAPE, resulting in
the current  version of the program as described in this manual.
During this  period  the  developers have recognized that DBAPE has
utility not  only as a  support program to RUSTIC, but also  as a
stand-alone  environment   for   (1)  exploring   data  bases,   (2)
clarifying the  impact of  data  on modeled processes, (3) screening
geographically  based data to  identify potential  sites  for model
testing  and  (4)  developing  initial  guidance  on  alternative
management strategies.    Recognition of  this broader  utility  of
DBAPE has led to  a number of its features such as  (1) computation
                               182

-------
of   functional   relationships    for    soil   water   retention
characteristics,  (2)  plotting  capabilities,  and  (3)  mapping
capabilities.   The  current version of  DBAPE  is  viewed  by its
developers as  an initial step  toward  development of  a decision
support system for understanding and modeling subsurface hydrologic
and water quality processes.
                               183

-------
                            APPENDIX B

                DATA BASE DEVELOPMENT AND CONTENTS
DBAPE  interacts  with three data bases:   a geographic soils data
base,  a soils properties  data  base and a meteorologic data base.
The development  and  contents  of each of  the  three data bases is
described below.

SOILS  DATA BASES

The  Soil Conservation  Service  (SCS)  has  developed  a national
archival  data  system which contains  both geographic  and soils
properties  data.  At the  present time  this archive,  known as
NSSAD/SIRS  (USDA, 1985), has some practical use limitations:

 (1)  Direct  communication  between  the  geographic  and  soils
      properties data bases is  not possible.

 (2)  Interactive on-line searches are costly.

 (3)  The data  base is text-oriented and extremely large.

 (4)  Portability to  new hardware is limited.

NSSAD/SIRS  retains  data on eight categories of  soils which are
designated as PO through P7.  The soils data base for DBAPE  focuses
on  information  relevant  to   agricultural analyses,   and hence
includes data  from only three of  these  eight categories.   These
are:  PI (prime agricultural soils under nonirrigated conditions),
P4  (prime  agricultural  soils under  irrigated conditions)  and PO
(other than prime soils).

At the EPA  Environmental  Research Laboratory in Athens, Georgia,
the data available in NSSAD/SIRS for these three categories were
checked  for inconsistencies and missing,  repetitious  or lumped
data.    The data  base  was then updated  and  restructured  for
efficient use by the DBAPE program.

In addition, the data contained in the  PI,  P4  and PO  categories
were used to help create a customized "most likely  to  leach"  (ML)
data base for use with the DBAPE program.  The ML category contains
agricultural soils with characteristics indicative  of  rapid water
                               184

-------
movement and  minimal chemical  sorption  potential.   Soils which
satisfy all of the following criteria are classified as ML soils

     o infiltration capacity greater than 5.0 cm hr"1
     o low runoff potential (slope less than 6%)
     o minimal clay content in the subsoil (less than 18%)
     o infrequent flooding or perched water table conditions
       (generally less than 1 event per month)
     o organic matter content less than 1%

As is the case with NSSAD/SIRS, the geographic data are stored as
a separate file  from the  soils  properties data in the DBAPE data
base.   However,  communication between  the data  files  is  much
improved.

Both geographic  and soils properties  data are organized by SCS
series name and  number  (e.g., Reliance,  Soil #P13345).   The soil
number  consists  of  a  two-character  prefix which  is  the  soil
category identifier  (PI,  P4,  PO or ML)  followed by  one  to five
digits  which numerically identify  the  individual soil.  The soils
for each category are numbered as follows
     soil category
          ML
          PI
          P4
          XX
          PO
number range
1 - 999
1000 - 4999
5000 - 8999
9000 - 9999
10000 - 19999
The current DBAPE soils data base contains a total of approximately
3000 PI, 1500 P4, 3900 PO and 225 ML soils.

Geographic Soils Data Base

The geographic data base for DBAPE is based on the NSSAD component
of the SCS data archive. A single file contains data for all four
categories of agricultural  soils (PI,  P4, PO and ML).   The file
contains a  summary of the  density (# of acres)  of each  of the
approximately 8500  soils on  a  county basis for the  contiguous
United States.   Data are not  available  for a  limited  number of
counties in  which  either  (1)  a census   has  not been  taken for
agricultural  soils  or  (2)  they do  not   exist.   Some  data were
reported on a multiple or partial county basis (county codes  in the
600  series).   These data  were  pro  rated  equally between the
affected counties.  Figure B.I  provides a  map showing the counties
for which data  exist in the DBAPE  soils data base.   Figure B.2
provides a map showing the counties  for which no data exist  in the
DBAPE soils data base.
                               185

-------
Soils Properties Data Base

The SIRS component of the National Archival Soils Database (NSSAD)
located in Fort Collins,  Colorado provides an interpretation of the
soils data  record.   The  SIRS  interpretation contains three main
categories.  First,  the  surface  zone which  consists of the A,  E,
AB,  and  EB horizons  and  all subdivisions  of these  horizons.
Second, the subsoil  zone which consists of  the B horizon and all
its subdivisions. Third, the substratum zone which  consists of the
soil below the solum  (essentially the C horizon).  SIRS, therefore,
is a portrayal  of general representation for any particular soil
series.   The actual  soils data record may contain information on
all horizons and subdivisions  for a particular soil series.  Many
times the only differentiation among soil horizons  (e.g., A, E, AB
and EB)  is taxonomical  (i.e., color differences)   as opposed  to
morphological  (i.e.,  texture)  making the combination of several
horizons possible.   In those cases where  significant morphological
differences where  found the soils  were (e.g.,' a  soil  with only
surface and subsoil zones was  given  a substratum).  SIRS fulfilled
two objectives for DBAPE.  First, a  generalized description of the
soil series is provided that can be  used for characterizing the
soil for  modeling purposes.   Second,  the  size of  the database
(there  are a  total  of  9000  series  in  DBAPE)  is  reduced,  thus
keeping storage and CPU  requirements minimal.

The soils properties data  base  for  DBAPE  is based  on  the SIRS
component of the SCS data archive and is contained in five files,
one for each  of the three  agricultural  soil categories,  one for
the ML soils and one for soils in multiple files.
                               186

-------
                                                       01
                                                       id
                                                       id
                                                       +»
                                                       nt
                                                       •d

                                                       w
                                                       PM
                                                       (0

                                                       •P
                                                       •H
                                                       
-------
                                                          0)
                                                          01
                                                          rt
                                                          A
                                                         «d
                                                         H
                                                         PI

                                                         i
                                                          0)
                                                         A
                                                         -p
                                                          a
                                                         •H
                                                          
-------
1
A/iou /AW
DEPTH(CM) CLASS % SAND % CLAY BULK DENS. ORG. MAT. AVAIL H20 HGRP
L H LH LH LH LH
SUR 20.3 3 55 85 10 15 1.201.40 2.0 4.0 0.080.15 A
SUB 76.2 8 55 85 10 15 1.401.60 0.4 1.2 0.080.12
STR 165.1 4 85 87 10 13 1.40 1.60 0.2 0.8 0.01 0.08
POTENTIAL CROPS
1 CORN 4 OATS 9 WHEAT 16 POTATOES
3 GRASS/PAS/HAY
TOTAL ACRES: 26530.
FROM:
NY:ALL
IM^TRIIPT
'Next1 command to go to next screen
telp:|H Next:|| , Prev:|§ Intrpt:fS; Status:|§ Xpad:fH Cmnd Uppg

  Figure B.3.   Example DBAPE screen  showing  soils  properties for
  which data are available in the soils  data  base.
Figure  B.3   illustrates   the
types  of  data  available  for
each soil  in the DBAPE  soils
properties  data base.    Each
soil may  contain data for up
to  three  morphological  zones
(surface,     subsoil,     and
substratum).  Definitions  for
these  zones  are  provided  in
the glossary.   For  each  zone,
characteristics  of  depth  (in
centimeters),    textural
classification   (e.g.,   sandy
loam,   clay    loam,    etc.),
particle texture (percent sand
and   clay),    bulk   density
(megagrams  per  cubic  meter),
organic matter  (percent),  and
available water (cubic meters
water  per  cubic  meter  soil
volume) are provided.  A list
of  the  twelve  soil  texture
classes is provided  in  Table B.
 TABLE B.I.  SOIL TEXTURE CLASSES


   TEXTURE CODE   SOIL TEXTURE
                  CLASSIFICATION
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
clay
clay loam
loam
loamy, sand
sand
... sandy clay
sandy clay loam
sandy loam
silt
silty clay
silty clay loam
silty loam
1.  For each data type, low and high
                               189

-------
values are  given to  define a range.   In addition to  the above
information, the SCS soils hydrologic group (A, B, C or D) and crop
potential  (from  65  potential  crops)   for   the  soil  are  also
catalogued.  Table  B.2  provides  a  list  of the 65 crops for which
data are tabulated.   In the SIRS data base  no  soil was found to
support more than seven out of the potential 65 crops.

Figures B.4 through B.7 delineate  all the counties in the United
States for  which agricultural data  exists  for each  of the four
soils categories (i.e., PI, P4, PO, ML)  in the DBAPE data base.

  TABLE B.2   POTENTIAL CROPS TABULATED IN DBAPE  SOILS  DATA BASE
   CODE  CROP
CODE  CROP
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
corn
cotton
grass/pasture/hay
oats
peanuts
sorghum
soybeans
tobacco
wheat
barley
strawberries
snap beans
cabbage
grapefruit
oranges
potatoes
rice
tomatoes
cranberries
blueberries
sugar cane
flax
pecans
grapes
peaches
peas
red clover seed
filberts
raspberries
sugarbeets
cherries
cucumbers
watermelons
34
35

36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
lentils
sunflower/
saf flower
apples
pears
garlic
onions
asparagus
mint
lemons
avocados
spinach
cauliflower
celery
apricots
almonds/walnuts
lettuce
peppers
hops
olives
plums
rye
pineapple
cantaloupe
carrots
blackberries
prunes
broccoli
papaya
bananas
artichokes
brussel sprouts
loganberries
                               190

-------
                                                      H
                                                      •H
                                                      O
                                                      03

                                                      H
                                                      Pi
                                                      •H
                                                      a
                                                      •H
                                                      m
                                                      •u
                                                      a
                                                      o
                                                      O

                                                      01
                                                      4)
                                                      •H
                                                      4J
                                                      fi

                                                      §
                                                      «r
                                                       •
                                                      a
191

-------
                                               01
                                               H
                                               •H
                                               tn
                                               o

                                               w
                                               0)
                                               in
                                                «
                                               M

                                               a)
192

-------
                                                          o
                                                          w

                                                          o
                                                          PM
                                                          •H
                                                          C
                                                          •H
                                                          «J
                                                          •P
                                                          rt
                                                          O
                                                          O

                                                          (0
                                                          Q)
                                                          •H
                                                           O
                                                          O
                                                          vo
                                                           •
                                                          0)

                                                           0)
193

-------
                                              01

                                             rH
                                              81
                                             •H
                                              O


                                              m
                                              0
                                             I
                                             0
194

-------
Meteoroloqic Data Base

Daily  timeseries  of  precipitation,  air  temperature  .and  pan
evaporation data are required to use the PRZM portion of the RUSTIC
model.   In  addition,  daily timeseries  of  windspeed and  solar
radiation data are required  if the newly developed volatilization
sections of PRZM are to be executed.  To facilitate data collection
efforts for RUSTIC applications,  a meteorologic data base has been
developed and  will be distributed by  the Environmental  Research
Laboratory, Athens,  GA.   At the  present time, DBAPE has  a less
comprehensive  linkage to the meteorologic data base than it does
to the  soils  data bases.  Current DBAPE analysis  and estimation
capabilities  allow  interaction   with  the  soils  data   bases  as
follows:

  (1) When a geographic  search  has been completed based  on search
     attributes  contained  in the  soils  data  base,  DBAPE  can
     identify  and   report   the   NOAA  first   order  meteorologic
     station (s) nearest to the geographic area which satisfies the
     search  criteria.    Details  for the  available meteorologic
     stations  are  supplied in Appendix G.

In  addition to  the current capabilities,  enhancements  to DBAPE
which will  enable interactive analysis  of the meteorologic data
base are pending.

The meteorologic data  base is representative of NOAA first order
stations  in the contiguous United  States.   Precipitation,  air
temperature and  wind data are measured values at each station for
the period of  record.  Missing values  are estimated and  filled in
to  assure  complete records for model use.  Evaporation  and solar
radiation values are estimated from  the  measured data.

Evaporation  values  are  estimated  by using the  Penman   (1948)
equation:
Ep =
                  E*G)/(d
 where
      E = estimated daily pan evaporation  (inches)

      Qn = net radiation  (langleys)

      G  = constant,  0.0105  inch Hg/°F
      d  = slope of curve relating saturation vapor pressure to
           temperature
      Ea = pan evaporation assuming air temperature  equals water
           temperature ( inches )

 The slope variable d is  calculated as
                                195

-------
      d  = [4.79878*l010/(Ta + 398 . 36) 2] *eC7482'6/
-------
At. the time of printing of this manual, the distribution strategy
for the meteorologic data base has  not been finalized.   With the
large number of stations available (approximately 200)  and the long
period of record at each station (30 years or more), distribution
of the full  data base on floppy disks  is  impractical.   A likely
outcome  is that  an  inventory  for  the available  data will  be
distributed with DBAPE, with access to the data allowed through the
computerized  bulletin board  operated  by the  EPA's Center  for
Exposure  Assessment  Modeling   at   the  Environmental  Research
Laboratory, Athens,  GA.   Current information about meteorologic
data base  access can be obtained from Mr. Robert  Carsel  at the
Athens Laboratory (phone (404) 546-3476, FTS 250-3476).
                               197

-------
                            APPENDIX C


                      DBAPE STRUCTURE CHARTS
This appendix contains structure charts for the DBAPE program   The
        r^hartS ™*r.*sent the hierarchy  of  the  various9 rout inel
        a group.  Their  purpose  is to enable the program  user to
            rCt2S?  within  its  program   context  so   that   its
             *    thVeSJ of tne  Program can be better understood.
Each box within a structure chart  represents  a single subroutine
                  i*?ther  subroutines which  are directly  below  and
         *,    '      % ThS higher leVel routines  Perform the  more
general  functions,  and the lower level  routines  perform specific
functions.   Routines  shown on the  same level  perform  functions of
similar  detail.  All the  subroutines shown  are "lead"  subroutines.
?«Sff S*™?S i™S ^l1 additional subordinate subroutines contained
i^J??-  + IE~JDE software-  The subordinate subroutines  accomplish
specific tasks  required for the performance  of  the more  general
functions of the routines  by which they  are called.
                      structure chart of the top  level  subroutines
           Figures C.2 through c.5 provide structure charts for the
r        ? subroutines contained in the four major sections of the
DBAPE code (DASPEC, DADISP, PRZPRM and VADPRM)
                               198

-------
                                                               tP
                                                               O
                                                               M
                                                              W


                                                              §
                                                              Q

                                                               0
                                                              A
                                                              •P

                                                              m
                                                               O

                                                               tn
                                                              i-t
                                                               O
                                                               O
                                                               -P

                                                               n
                                                               O
                                                                Q)
                                                                M
                                                                3
                                                               4J
                                                                O
                                                               CO
                                                                o

                                                                0)
                                                                M
                                                               •H
                                                                FM
199

-------




































I




















(D
4-*
a

£„
—, * Q C.
t- -fi .«.£
0 6
— • t- CO
!CL O — •
  Jj « o

O) 1-
4-* a;
c s-
£"5
s-°
u w
o ••—
01 (A
C
§H-
O


U)
CO 4-J
•— D
O O T? W
CO •— C  C tO D
O) •— t3 CO

gg
•^ 03
CO CO O
-* D to
"— CO
 CO CU -M
03 •— 3
f JQ M- .0
C_ 03 0 tl
OJ 4-f CJ 4-*
O CD Q. 4-*
to *o co a)

0)
1 g
t, JZ
<- . to a
t- 
a. o a
CO «4- "D




















































to <-
— ' 4-»  O
a.1 o ex <-
Wl a» o aj

-------
                                   DADISP
                                   display results
                                   from search of
                                   data base
                       DADIDE
                       display detailed
                       information for
                       soils in data
                       base
                                           DAHAP
draw maps showing
geographic
location of
soils in buffer
 Figure C.3.   structure chart  for the DADISP section of  DBAPE,
PRZPRH

estimate values
for PRZH
component of
RUSTIC model


  PRZEST
  parameters

values
model
rs


PRZDIS


display estimated
values for PRZM
parameters



PRZSAV
save PRZH
parameter
estimation
results to a file


PRZUGT


produce areally-
weighted average
values for PRZH
parameters
Figure  C.4.   Structure  chart for the  PRZPRM  section of DBAPE,
                                   201

-------


























in
cu
3
> i- -o
U. 4-» O
o o c 6
4-> o <1>
QJ *•» C~ t=" C/5
SI « o 03
>l CJ H- O Q£


















	

































x o> ai
— * CD -M
 CD
C_ CO 1- <-
T3 H- Q.
01 O
f— O +•» W f—
S2 =i j= 0) u-
5 T> 01 rj o
Q o — — • o
IkS §5

0)
H-
03
u- CO
§  § g « "
to o  c_ *^ «
oj to co  « CL o t_

CU U- 0)
4J O £-
^ 1 ^5
•*- > 9i
•M e
CO C_ (D
s- ca
>. Q_
C/) 03 «
o a D o
Q CO — ' "O
Is ? s

i
5^ «
u o ai
4-* O *-*
I- ffl 3 a>
tu -S o
§4-» 1- C-
01 O CO
» O H- Q.














«-g
G> CO
— ' OJ 0>
ca *a «-
> -i 0
o Ic o
*J O «
S; i o,.2'8
UJ — C — • JC
U 4-* •• 	 • 4-*
o « « o cu
CJ  cu 5
00 — c J^ JC
UJ -M ••- CO +-»
CO O) CO t- O
a: a< D m E

DBAPE
•M
o
«
o
•H
4J
O
<0
m
ft
e

-------
                           APPENDIX D

          COMPUTATION PROCEDURES FOR PARAMETER ESTIMATES
                      (RATIONALE AND METHODS)
DBAPE can estimate parameter values needed for two submodels of the
RUSTIC  model  —  PRZM,  the  root  zone  model  and  VADOFT,  the
unsaturated zone model below the  root  zone.   Value estimates for
the following parameters can be computed

  PRZM parameters

     o wilting point
     o field capacity at -0.33 bar matric potential
     o field capacity at -0.10 bar matric potential

  VADOFT parameters

     o residual water content
     o van Genuchten soil water retention parameters
     o saturated hydraulic conductivity

In  addition to  these  parameter value  estimates DBAPE  also can
compute and plot  functional relationships for two  pairs of water
retention parameters related to unsaturated flow:

     o pressure head versus saturation
     o saturation versus relative permeability

This appendix explains the rationale and method used to estimate
values  for  each of  the  parameters or  functional  relationships.
Before doing so,  however, an  explanation of the general approach
used for parameter estimation in DBAPE is warranted.

DBAPE computes both  a midpoint  estimate and an estimate of value
range for each parameter.  Midpoint estimates are computed by using
midpoint  values  for all  independent variables.  For  example,  a
midpoint value for wilting point is computed using midpoint values
of  percent  sand, percent clay, percent  organic matter and bulk
density.   Estimates of a  "reasonable"  range  of values for each
parameter are  computed  by using logical  combinations  of low and
high values of independent variables to develop extreme values of
the parameter .being estimated.   For example,  the  low  end of the
reasonable  range of wilting  point values  for a soil is computed
                               203

-------
 using high values for percent sand and bulk density and low values
 for  percent clay  and  percent  organic  matter.    Note that  the
 midpoint  estimates  are not  mathematically  related to  the ranae
 estimates.                                                     '

 Program  testing has  shown  that  this  approach is  consistently
 effective  in producing an  ordered set  of  midpoint and  range
 estimates for PRZM model parameters.  That is to say, the algorithm
 intended to generate a value defining the low end of the range of
 values produces a value  lower than both the midpoint and high value
 estimates; likewise,  the  algorithm intended to generate  a value
 defining the high end of  the range produces a value  higher than
 both the low and midpoint estimates.

 For many soils, this  approach to  estimating values  works  equally
 well for  the VADOFT  model parameters.   The  equations used  to
 estimate  the parameter values  for VADOFT  are  quite complex
 however, and generally contain 9 to 13 terms containing independent
 variables.  Within  a single estimation algorithm, both increments
 and decrements to the  estimated parameter value are made dependent
 on  the^ same  variables   (percent  sand,  percent  clay,   total
 saturation) .  Using strict mathematical means it would be difficult
 to identify the absolute lowest and highest values for an estimated
 parameter which can  be computed  for each soil.  At  EPA laboratory
 in Athens,  the  estimation  equations were  applied to  data  for
 thousands of  soils, and the combinations  of low and high values  for
 independent  variables which  were  most  likely  to generate  range
 extremes for  each  estimated  parameter  were  identified.    These
 combinations  were used in  the DBAPE code and are  explained in  the
 estimation procedures  for each parameter below.  These  algorithms,
 however,  do not  always  generate an ordered set  of midpoint  and
 range estimates  for a parameter.  The approach  that  has been taken
 in DBAPE  is  to compute three  estimates  for  each  parameter:   an
 expected low value,  an expected high value and a midpoint estimate.
 The midpoint value  is reported in DBAPE displays  and  files  as
 calculated.   If the  low  estimate  computed  for a  parameter  is
 greater than the high estimate,  the values are  reversed  in the
 range reported in the DBAPE displays and files.   If the value
 computed using the midpoint estimation technique  is  lower than the
 low range  value or higher  than the high range value,  it replaces
 that  value in the range  reported in  the  DBAPE output.  We believe
 that  this  approach,  though it is less than vigorous,  still gives
 a credible range of values  for the parameters for the vast majority
 of  soils.                                                  J    *

 D.I   PRZM PARAMETERS

 PRZM  model parameters  which are estimated by  DBAPE  are the bulk
 soil  water retention characteristics field capacity and wilting
point.   In the  simplified water balance  approach used  by PRZM,
 field capacity is used to define a reference state for predicting
                               204

-------
percolation.  If the soil moisture  content  is  in excess of field
capacity, the excess is allowed to move downward.  The lower limit
of soil water content is the wilting point.   Details of how field
capacity and wilting point are used  to calculate water movement in
PRZM are provided in the RUSTIC code theory documentation (Dean et
al., 1988).

DBAPE estimates wilting point and field capacity using regression
equations developed by  Rawls  and Brakensiek (1982).   The general
form  of  the regression  equation  used  to estimate  these  two
parameters is
     thetax = a +
[b x S]  + [c x C]  + [d x M]  + [e x D]
where
     S = percent sand
     C = percent clay
     M = percent organic matter
     D = bulk density

and a,  b,  c, d  and e are  regression coefficients.   Sand,  clay
organic matter and bulk density data are all available in the soils
properties data base which supports the DBAPE program.  Three sets
of regression coefficient values are encoded in DBAPE to allow the
estimation of wilting  point at  -15.0 bar,  and  field capacity at
-0.33 bar and -.10 bar, matric potentials.   Although the -0.33 bar
content is traditionally  used  to define field capacity,  it has been
determined that  for certain soils the  -0.10 bar  content  is more
representative.   Consequently,  estimates are computed using both
matric potentials.

The midpoint estimates for wilting point  and  field capacity are
computed using mean values for sand,  clay,  organic matter and bulk
density.   The mean values for  these  independent  variables are
obtained  by  averaging  the   low  and  high values   reported  for
individual soils in the data base.   The low estimates are obtained
by using  the high values for sand and bulk density and  the low
values  for  clay and  organic matter.   The  high  estimates  are
obtained by  using the  low values of sand and bulk density and the
high values of clay and organic  matter.  The estimation strategies
for all parameters are summarized in Table  D.I.

In addition to the Rawls and Brakensiek regression  equations, DBAPE
provides another estimate of field capacity by using the estimated
wilting point value and the available water data contained in the
data base.   Using this method,  the  field  capacity  for a soil is
computed as  the  sum of wilting point and available  water.
                               205

-------
TABLE  D.I    DEVELOPMENT  STRATEGIES  FOR LOW,  MIDPOINT AND HIGH
PARAMETER  ESTIMATES
                 parameter estimate
                                             independent variable value used

                                      sand   clay   organic bulk
                                                    •atter  density
          wilting point Clow)
                       (•idpoint)
                       (high)

          field capacity (low)
                        (Midpoint)
                        (high)
high   low   low     high
•ean   Mean  Mean    Mean
low    high  high    low

high   low   low     high
•ean   nean  Mean    nean
low    high  high    low
                                      independent variable value used

                                      wilting point   available water
          field capacity (low)          low
                       (•idpoint)      nean
                       (high)          high
              low
              •ean
              high
                                      independent variable value used

                                      sand     clay   • total saturation
residual water content (low)
(•id)
(high)
van Genuchten alpha (low)
(•id)
(high)
van Genuchten beta (low)
(•id)
(high)
saturated hydraulic
conductivity (low)
(•ed)
(high)
low
•ean
high
high
•ean
low
low
•ean
high

low
•ean
high
high
•ean
low
low
•ean
high
high
•ean
low

high
•ean
low
low
•ean
high
high
•ean
low
low
•ean
high

low
•ean
high
                                        206

-------
D.2  VADOFT PARAMETERS

VADOFT  model  parameters  which  are  estimated  by DBAPE  are the
residual  water  content, the  van Genuchten  soil water retention
parameters   (alpha,  beta,   gamma)   and   saturated  hydraulic
conductivity.  Values for all these parameters are needed  to  solve
the classical water flow  equations contained in VADOFT.  Details
of how  the parameters  are used to  calculate  water movement  in
VADOFT are provided  in the RUSTIC code theory documentation  (Dean
et al. , 1988) .

DBAPE  estimates  values  for  residual  water  content,   the van
Genuchten  parameters alpha  and beta,  and  saturated hydraulic
conductivity using regression  equations developed  by Rawls and
Brakensiek (1985) .   Values  for the van Genuchten parameter  gamma
are computed directly from estimates of the van Genuchten parameter
beta.  The general form of the regression equation used to  estimate
the four parameters  other than gamma is

 f(S,C,Ts) =  [b0 + b.,8 •*• b2C  + b3Ws + bnS2
b22C2 + b33Ws2
                             b12SC
b13SWs 4- b23CWs
                               b112SC
               b122SC2 +  b233CWs2
                              22
                         b2233CWs]
where
     S  = percent sand
     C  = percent clay
     Ts = total water saturation  (porosity)

and all "b" expressions are regression coefficients.  Sand and clay
data are  directly available from the  soils properties data base
which supports the DBAPE program.  Total saturation  for each soil
is computed directly from the bulk density values contained in the
soils data base.  Necessary regression coefficient values have been
encoded in DBAPE to allow the value estimations for the four VADOFT
parameters.
The  midpoint  estimates  for  residual  water
Genuchten  parameters  and saturated  hydraulic
computed using  mean values for  sand,  clay and
Mean values  for sand and clay are  obtained by
and high values reported for individual  soils
Mean  values  for  total  saturation for  soils
                                content,  the  van
                                  conductivity  are
                                 total saturation.
                                 averaging the low
                                 in the data base.
                                  are  obtained  by
                               207

-------
averaging  the low and high  values  for total saturation computed
from the bulk density values in the data base. The low estimates
for three of the estimated parameters (residual water  content, van
Genuchten beta, saturated hydraulic conductivity) are obtained by
using the  low values for sand and  total  saturation and the high
value  for clay.   The  low  estimate  for  van Genuchten  alpha is
computed using the high values of sand and total  saturation  and the
low value of clay.  The high estimates for three  of the parameters
(residual water content,  van Genuchten beta, saturated hydraulic
conductivity) are obtained by using the  high values  of sand and
total saturation  and the low value of clay.  The high estimate of
van Genuchten alpha  is  computed  using the low values of sand and
total  saturation and  the  high  value  clay.    The  estimation
strategies for VADOFT parameters also are  summarized in Table D.I.


In addition to the Rawls and Brakensiek regression equations, DBAPE
provides another  estimate  of saturated hydraulic conductivity by
using the  series-parallel  model  formulated by Childs and Collis-
George (1950).  Their model provides estimates based on theoretical
considerations  rather than empirical data. The computer code used
to  perform the Childs and  Collis-George estimate  of  saturated
hydraulic conductivity in DBAPE was extracted and revised from the
International Ground Water Modeling Center computer program SOIL
(El-Kadi,  1984a);  the  theoretical  details of the  model  are
explained in  the  SOIL model  documentation.  Data requirements for
using the Childs  and  Collis-George model  are  the  soil  texture
class, total saturation data and estimated values  for residual
water content and the van Genuchten parameters.   The soil texture
class data is obtained directly from the DBAPE soils data base; the
total saturation values are computed using the bulk density values
available  in the data  base, and  the values for  residual water
content and van Genuchten parameters are estimated as described in
this section.  The Childs and Collis-George estimates require that
values be calculated for residual saturation, which is defined as
the residual water content divided by the total saturation.  Rather
than using low,  midpoint  and high  estimates of residual water
content,  DBAPE  uses a  mean value for making  all estimates  of
residual saturation (i.e.,  low, midpoint,  high).  This practice is
supported by the  research results of Kool and Parker (1988) which
show a lack of sensitivity to residual water content values in such
computations.

The  general  equation  used  to   compute   saturated  hydraulic
conductivity from the Childs and Collis-George model is
     KS = [TCV2*274.68*(1.  - SR) 2*HD]/10000.
where
     KS   = saturated hydraulic conductivity (cm/hr)
                               208

-------
     SR   = residual saturation (residual water content divided by
            total saturation  "
     SW   = water saturation  (percent)
     HD   = largest water-occupied pore space
     TCV  = soil texture-determined coefficient

HD, the largest water-occupied pore space, is computed based on the
estimated values  for the three van  Genuchten parameters. Twelve
values for TCV, one for each soil texture class, are contained in
a data  array  within DBAPE;  they were evaluated by EPA Athens by
comparing saturated hydraulic conductivity values computed by the
Childs and Collis-George equation with values catalogued in a soils
data base developed by Mualem  (1976) .  The coefficients are shown
in Table D.2.
  TABLE D.2  TEXTURE-DEPENDENT COEFFICIENTS FOR CHILDS AND COLLIS-
  GEORGE MODEL


   TEXTURE CODE   SOIL TEXTURE CLASSIFICATION   COEFFICIENT VALUE
01
02
03
04
05
O6
07
08
09
10
11
12
clay
clay
loam
loamy
sand
sandy
sandy
sandy
silt
silty
silty
silty

loam

sand

clay
clay loam
loam

clay
clay loam
loam
60.
10.
10.
8.
10.
1O.
60.
10.
8.
10.
10.
10.
D.3  Functional Relationships for Soil Water Retention Parameters

As explained in Appendix A, DBAPE has been designed not only as a
support  program  to the RUSTIC model,  but also  as a stand-alone
environment for exploring data bases and clarifying the impact of
data on  modeled processes.  To this end we have incorporated the
ability  within DBAPE to compute and plot functional relationships
for two pairs of water retention parameters related to unsaturated
flow:

     o pressure head versus saturation
     o saturation versus relative permeability
                               209

-------
 These^relationships are used by VADOFT to model  unsaturated flow.
 The first relationship is also computed by the  SOIL  program (El-
 Kadi, 1984b) as aids to visualizing the effects of using alternate
 formulations  of  the  soil-water characteristic  function  (i.e.,
 Brooks  and Corey, Brutsaert, Vauclin, van Genuchten)  on computed
 unsaturated flow.

 The ability to develop and graphically view the  two relationships
 is  included in DBAPE so that so that  one  can  interact quickly and
 repetitively with the soils data base,  and thus discern the effects
 that selection   of  different  soil  data  will  have   on  flow
 characteristics.  We view this  capability as  useful not  only as  a
 screening activity  prior to using the VADOFT  component of RUSTIC,
 but also for  stand-alone, first-cut analysis of unsaturated flow
 phenomena.

 As  is the case with model parameter estimates  for PRZM and VADOFT,
 low, midpoint, and  high estimates of  the  functional relationships
 are computed.  For  the functional relationship plots,  DBAPE plots
 the three estimates of the dependent variable  against  the midpoint
 estimates of the independent variable.  For example, low,  midpoint
 and high  values  of  relative  permeability  are  plotted  against
 midpoint values of  saturation.

 The pressure head versus saturation function is computed  using the
 following general equation taken from VADOFT:
     SW =  (1. -QR)/[(1. +  (ALPHA*PSI)NR)HR]  + QR
where

     SW    = water saturation  (percent)
     QR    = residual water content
     ALPHA = van Genuchten parameter alpha
     NR    = van Genuchten parameter beta
     MR    = van Genuchten parameter gamma
     PSI   = pressure head  (centimeters)

A data array in DBAPE  provides twelve values  for pressure head
between  1.0  and  100,000.   These pressure  head values  are the
initial   independent  variable  values  upon   which  all  other
computations of functional  relationships  rely.   DBAPE allows the
user to  interactively  adjust  the pressure head values to account
for non-zero air entry pressure head if warranted.

The saturation versus  relative permeability function is computed
using a second equation extracted from VADOFT:
     KRW = SWE°-5*[1,
- (1. - sWE(1-/MR))HR]2
                               210

-------
where

     KRW = relative permeability  (cm/hr)
     SWE = effective water saturation
     MR  = van Genuchten parameter gamma

The effective saturation (SWE) is computed as

     SWE = (SW - QR)/(1. - QR)

where

     SW = water saturation
     QR = residual water content
                               211

-------
                            APPENDIX E

                   STATE AND COUNTY FIPS CODES
This appendix  provides the state  and county FIPS  codes  used as
identifiers for both the  soils  and map boundary data bases.   The
FIPS codes were  developed by  the U.S.  Department  of  Commerce
(1979).    Counties  are   considered   to  be  the  "first  order
subdivisions" of each state regardless of their local designations
(county, parish, borough,  etc).   Washington, DC; the independent
cities of  the  states of Maryland,  Missouri,  Nevada and Virginia;
the  census  areas and Boroughs  of  Alaska;  and  that  part  of
Yellowstone National Park in Montana are all identified as county
equivalents.

County codes are  assigned uniquely within each  state.   In other
words,   counties  in  different  states  have  the  same code;  for
example, Autauga  County,  Alabama and  Apache County,  Arizona are
both coded 001. Accordingly, the standard county code must be used
in conjunction with the standard state code.

An asterisk next to the county code and name indicates that no data
is currently available  in the DBAPE geographic data base.
                               212

-------
01    AL   ALABAMA
  001
  003
* 005
* 007
  009
* 011
* 013
  015
  017
  019
  021
* 023
*;025
  027
  029
  031
  033
AUTAUGA
BALDWIN
BARBOUR
BIBB
BLOUNT
BULLOCK
BUTLER
CALHOUN
CHAMBERS
CHEROKEE
CHILTON
CHOCTAW
CLARKE
CLAY
CLEBURNE
COFFEE
COLBERT
  035
* 037
  039
* 041
  043
  045
  047
  049
  051
  053
  055
 '057
  059
  061
  063
* 065
  067
CONECUH
COOSA
COVINGTON
CRENSHAW
CULLMAN
DALE
DALLAS
DEKALB
ELMORE
ESCAMBJA,
ETOWAH
FAYETTE
.FRANKLIN
GENEVA
GREENE .
HALE
HENRY
  069
  071
  073
  :075
  077
  07?
  081
  083
* 085
* 087
"  °89
* 091
 ,. 093
 ,095
  097
  099
 ''•- 101
 HOUSTON
 JACKSON
 JEFFERSON
 LAHAR
 LAUDERDALE
 LAWRENCE
 LEE  •  ' •  •
 LIMESTONE
 LOWNDES
 MACQN
 MADISON"  r
"MARENGO"
 MARION ,:••••
 MARSHALL
 MOBILE    .
 MONROE '   ''
•MONTGOMERY
  103
* 105
* 107
* 109
  111
* 113
  115
  117
  119
  125
  127
* 129
* 131
* 133
MORGAN
PERRY
PICKENS
PIKE
RANDOLPH
RUSSELL
ST. CLAIR
SHELBY
SUMTER
TALLADEGA.
TALLAPOOSA
TUSCALObSA
WALKER
WASHINGTON
WILCOX
WINSTON "
04    AZ   ARIZONA
 ,001 APACHE
  003 COCHISE
  005 COCONINO
  007 GILA
                         009 GRAHAM
                         011 GREENLEE
                         013 MARICOPA
                         015 MOHAVE
                               017 NAVAJO   .  :
                              •01? PIMA "    r
                               021  PINAL ...   ...
                               023 SANTA CRUZ
                                                     025 YAVAPAI
                                                     027 YUMA
05   AR   ARKANSAS
  001 ARKANSAS
  003 ASHLEY
  005 BAXTER
  007 BENTON
  009 BOONE
  011 BRADLEY
  013 CALHOUN
  015 CARROLL
  017 CHICOT
  019 CLARK
  021 CLAY
  023 CLEBURNE
  025 CLEVELAND
  027 COLUMBIA
  029 CONWAY
  031 CRAIGHEAD
  033 CRAWFORD
  035 CRITTENDEN
  037 CROSS
                         039
                         041
                         043
                         045
                         047
                         049
                         051
                         053
                         055
                         057
                         059
                         061
                         063
                         065
                         067
                         069
                         071
                         073
                         075
      DALLAS
      DESHA
      DREW
      FAULKNER
      FRANKLIN
      FULTON
      GARLAND
      GRANT
      GREENE
      HEMPSTEAD
      HOT SPRING
      HOWARD
      INDEPENDENCE
      IZARD
      JACKSON
      JEFFERSON
      JOHNSON
      LAFAYETTE
      LAWRENCE
                         077
                         079
                         081
                         083
                         085
                         087
                         089
                         091
                         093
                         095
                       * 097
                       * 099
                         101
                         103
                         105
                         107
                       * 109
                         111
                       * 113
      LEE
      LINCOLN
      LITTLE RIVER
      LOGAN
      LONOKE
      MADISON
      MARION
      MILLER
      MISSISSIPPI
      MONROE
      MONTGOMERY
      NEVADA
      NEWTON
      OUACHITA
      PERRY
      PHILLIPS
      PIKE
      POINSETT
      POLK
                          115
                          117
                          119
                          121
                          123
                          125
                       *  127
                       *  129
                          131
                       *  133
                          135
                          137
                       *  139
                          141
                          143
                          145
                          147
                          149
      POPE
      PRAIRIE
      PULASKI
      RANDOLPH
      ST. FRANCIS
      SALINE
      SCOTT
      SEARCY
      SEBASTIAN
      SEVIER
      SHARP
      STONE
      UNION
      VAN BUREN
      WASHINGTON
      WHITE
      WOODRUFF
      YELL
                                                   213

-------
06   CA    CALIFORNIA
  001
  003
  005
  007
  009
  011
  013
  015
  017
  019
  021
  023
  025
  027
  029
ALAMEDA
ALPINE
AHADOR
BUTTE
CALAVERAS
COLUSA
CONTRA COSTA
DEL NORTH
EL DORADO
FRESNO
GLENN
HUMBOLDT
IMPERIAL
INYO
KERN
031
033
035
037
039
041
043
045
047
049
051
053
055
057
059
KINGS
LAKE
LASSEN
LOS ANGELES
HADERA
HARIN
MARIPOSA
MENDOCINO
MERCED
HOOOC
MONO
MONTEREY
NAPA
NEVADA
ORANGE
061 PLACER
063 PLUMAS
065 RIVERSIDE
067 SACRAMENTO
069 SAN BENITO
071 SAN BERNADINO
073 SAN DIEGO
075 SAN FRANCISCO
077 SAN JOAQUIN
079 SAN LUIS OBISPO
081 SAN MATED
083 SANTA BARBARA
085 SANTA CLARA
087 SANTA CRUZ
089 SHASTA
                        091  SIERRA
                        093  SISKIYOU
                        095  SOLANO
                        097  SONOMA
                        099  STANISLAUS
                        101  SUTTER
                        103  TEHAHA
                        105  TRINITY
                        107  TULARE
                        109  TUOLUMNE
                        111  VENTURA
                        113  YOLO
                        115  YUBA
08   CO    COLORADO
  001
  003
  005
  007
  009
  011
  013
  015
  017
  019
  021
  023
  025
  027
  029
  031
ADAMS
ALAHOSA
ARAPAHOE
ARCHULETA
BACA
BENT
BOULDER
CHAFFEE
CHEYENNE
CLEAR CREEK
COHEJOS
COSTILLA
CROULEY
CUSTER
DELTA
DENVER
033
035
037
039
041
043
045
047
049
051
053
055
057
059
061
063
DOLORES
DOUGLAS
EAGLE
ELBERT
EL PASO
FREMONT
GARFIELD
GILPIN
GRAND
GUNNISON
HINSOALE
HUERFANO
JACKSON
JEFFERSON
KIOUA
KIT CARSON
065
067
069
071
073
075
077
079
081
083
085
087
089
091
093
095
LAKE
LA PLATA
LARIMER
LAS ANIMAS
LINCOLN
LOGAN
MESA
MINERAL
MOFFAT
MONTEZUMA
MONTROSE
MORGAN
OTERO
OURAY
PARK
PHILLIPS
097
099
101
103
105
107
109
111
113
115
117
119
121
123
125
PITKIN
PROWERS
PUEBLO
RIO BLANCO
RIO GRANDE
ROUTT
SAGAUCHE
SAN JUAN
SAN MIGUEL
SEDGWICK
SUMMIT
TELLER
WASHINGTON
WELD
YUMA
09   CT    CONNECTICUT
  001  FAIRFIELD
  003  HARTFORD
                        005 LITCHFIELD
                        007 MIDDLESEX
                           009 NEW HAVEN
                           011 NEW LONDON
                                                   013 TOLLAND
                                                   015 WINDHAM
10   DE    DELAWARE

  001  KENT                    003 NEW CASTLE
                                                   005 SUSSEX
11   DC    DISTRICT  OF COLUMBIA

  001 WASHINGTON
                                                 214

-------
12    FL   FLORIDA
  001
* 003
  005
  007
  009
  011
* 013
  015
  017
  019
* 021
  023
* 025
  027
* 029
  031
  033
ALACHUA
BAKER
BAY
BRADFORD
BREVARD
BROWARD
CALHOUN
CHARLOTTE
CITRUS
CLAY
COLLIER
COLUMBIA
DADE
DE SOTO
DIXIE
DUVAL
ESCAMBIA
* 035
* 037
  039
* 041
* 043
* 045
* 047
  049
  051
  053
* 055
  057
  059
  061
  063
  065
* 067
FLAGLER
FRANKLIN
GADSDEN
GILCHRIST
GLADES
GULF
HAMILTON
HARDEE
HENDRY
HERNANDO
HIGHLANDS
HILLSBORO
HOLMES
INDIAN RIVER
JACKSON
JEFFERSON
LAFAYETTE
  069
  071
  073
* 075
* 077
* 079
  081
  083
  085
* 087
* 089
* 091
  093
  095
  097
  099
  101
LAKE
LEE
LEON
LEVY
LIBERTY
MADISON
MANATEE
MARION
MARTIN
MONROE
NASSAU
OKALOOSA
OKEECHOBEE
ORANGE
OSCEOLA
PALM BEACH
PASCO
  103
  105
  107
  109
  111
  113
  115
  117
  119
  121
* 123
* 125
  127
* 129
  131
  133
PINELLAS
POLK
PUTNAM
ST. JOHNS
ST. LUCIE
SANTA ROSA
SARASOTA .
SEMIHOLE
SUMTER
SUWANNEE
TAYLOR
UNION
VOLUSIA
WAKULLA
WALTON
WASHINGTON
13    GA   GEORGIA
001 APPLING
003 ATKINSON
005 BACON
007 BAKER
009 BALDWIN
011 BANKS
013 BARROW
* 015 BARTOW
017 BEN HILL
019 BERRIEN
021 BIBB
* 023 BLECKLEY
* 025 BRANTLEY
027 BROOKS
029 BRYAN
031 BULLOCH
033 BURKE
* 035 BUTTS
037 CALHOUN
039 CAMDEN
043 CANDLER
045 CARROLL
* 047 CATOOSA
* 049 CHARLTON
051 CHATHAM
* 053 CHATTAHOOCHEE
055 CHATTOOGA
057 CHEROKEE
059 CLARKE
* 061 CLAY
063 CLAYTON
* 065 CLINCH
067 COBB
069 COFFEE
071 COLQUITT
073 COLUMBIA
075 COOK
077 COWETA
* 079 CRAWFORD
081 CRISP
* 083 DADE
085 DAWSON
* 087 DECATUR
089 DEKALB
* 091 DODGE
093 DOOLY
095 DOUGHERTY
097 DOUGLAS
099 EARLY
* 101 ECHOLS
* 103 EFFINGHAM
105 ELBERT
* 107 EMANUEL
109 EVANS
* 111 FANNIN
113 FAYETTE
115 FLOYD
117 FORSYTH
119 FRANKLIN
121 FULTON
123 GILMER
* 125 GLASCOCK
127 GLYNN
129 GORDON
* 131 GRADY
* 133 GREENE
135 GWINNETT
137 HABERSHAM
139 HALL
* 141 HANCOCK
143 HARALSON
* 145 HARRIS
147 HART
149 HEARD
151 HENRY
153 HOUSTON
155 IRWIN
157 JACKSON
* 159 JASPER
161 JEFF DAVIS
                                                          * 163
                                                            165
                                                            167
                                                            169
                                                            171
                                                            173
                                                            175
                                                            177
                                                            179
                                                          * 181
                                                            183
                                                            185
                                                            187
                                                            189
                                                            191
                                                            193
                                                            195
                                                          * 197
                                                            199
                                                            201
                                                            205
                                                          * 207
                                                            209
                                                            211
                                                          * 213
                                                            215
                                                          * 217
                                                            219
                                                            221
                                                          * 223
                                                            225
                                                            227
                                                            229
                                                            231
                                                            233
                                                          * 235
                                                            237
                                                          * 239
                                                            241
                                                          * 243
                                                          JEFFERSON
                                                          JENKINS
                                                          JOHNSON
                                                          JONES
                                                          LAMAR
                                                          LANIER
                                                          LAURENS
                                                          LEE
                                                          LIBERTY
                                                          LINCOLN
                                                          LONG
                                                          LOWNDES
                                                          LUMPKIN
                                                          MCDUFFIE
                                                          MCINTOSH
                                                          MACON
                                                          MADISON
                                                          MARION
                                                          MERIWETHER
                                                          MILLER
                                                          MITCHELL
                                                          MONROE
                                                          MONTGOMERY
                                                          MORGAN
                                                          MURRAY
                                                          MUSCOGEE
                                                          NEWTON
                                                          OCONEE
                                                          OGLETHORPE
                                                          PAULDING
                                                          PEACH
                                                          PICKENS
                                                          PIERCE
                                                          PIKE
                                                          POLK
                                                          PULASKI
                                                          PUTNAM
                                                          QUITMAN
                                                          RABUN
                                                          RANDOLPH
                                                            245
                                                          *  247
                                                            249
                                                          *  251
                                                            253
                                                            255
                                                            257
                                                          *  259
                                                            261
                                                          *  263
                                                          *  265
                                                            267
                                                          *  269
                                                          *  271
                                                            273
                                                            275
                                                            277
                                                            279
                                                            281
                                                            283
                                                            285
                                                            287
                                                            289
                                                          *  291
                                                            293
                                                          *  295
                                                            297
                                                          *  299
                                                            301
                                                            303
                                                            305
                                                          *  307
                                                            309
                                                            311
                                                          *  313
                                                          *  315
                                                          *  317
                                                            319
                                                            321
                                                         RICHMOND
                                                         ROCKDALE
                                                         SCHLEY
                                                         SCREVEN
                                                         SEMINOLE
                                                         SPALDING
                                                         STEPHENS
                                                         STEWART
                                                         SUMTER
                                                         TALBOT
                                                         TALIAFERRO
                                                         TATTNALL
                                                         TAYLOR
                                                         TELFAIR
                                                         TERRELL
                                                         THOMAS
                                                         TIFT
                                                         TOOMBS
                                                         TOWNS
                                                         TREUTLEN
                                                         TROUP
                                                         TURNER
                                                         TWIGGS
                                                         UNION
                                                         UPSON
                                                         WALKER
                                                         WALTON
                                                         WARE
                                                         WARREN
                                                         WASHINGTON
                                                         WAYNE
                                                         WEBSTER
                                                         WHEELER
                                                         WHITE
                                                         WHITFIELD
                                                         WILCOX
                                                         WILKES
                                                         WILKINSON
                                                         WORTH
                                                   215

-------
16    ID   IDAHO
  001
  003
  005
  007
  009
  011
  013
  015
  017
  019
  021
ADA
ADAMS
BANNOCK
BEAR LAKE
BENEUAH
BINGHAM
BLAINE
BOISE
BONNER
BOONEVILLE
BOUNDARY
* 023
  025
  027
  029
  031
* 033
* 035
* 037
  039
* 041
* 043
BUTTE
CAMAS
CANYON
CARIBOU
CASSIA
CLARK
CLEARWATER
CUSTER
ELHORE
FRANKLIN
FREMONT
  045
* 047
  049
  051
* 053
  055
  057
* 059
* 061
  063
  065
GEM
GOODING
IDAHO
JEFFERSON
JEROME
KOOTENAI
LATAH
LEMHI
LEWIS
LINCOLN
MADISON
  067
* 069
* 071
  073
  075
  077
* 079
  081
* 083
  085
  087
MINIDOKA
NEZ PERCE
ONEIDA
OWYHEE
PAYETTE
POWER
SHOSHONE
TETON
TWIN FALLS
VALLEY
WASHINGTON
17    IL   ILLINOIS
  001
  003
  005
  007
  009
  011
  013
  015
  017
  019
  021
  023
  025
  027
  029
  031
  033
  035
  037
  039
  041
  043
  045
  047
  049
  051
ADAMS
ALEXANDER
BOND
BOONE
BROWN
BUREAU
CALHOUN
CARROLL
CASS
CHAMPAIGN
CHRISTIAN
CLARK
CLAY
CLINTON
COLES
COOK
CRAWFORD
CUMBERLAND
DEKALB
DEWITT
DOUGLAS
DU PAGE
EDGAR
EDWARDS
EFFINGHAM
FAYETTE
  053
* 055
* 057
* 059
* 061
  063
  065
  067
* 069
* 071
  073
  075
* 077
  079
* 081
* 083
* 085
* 087
  089
  091
* 093
  095
  097
* 099
  101
  103
FORD
FRANKLIN
FULTON
GALLATIN
GREENE
GRUNDY
HAMILTON
HANCOCK
HARDIN
HENDERSON
HENRY
IROQUOIS
JACKSON
JASPER
JEFFERSON
JERSEY
JO DAVIES
JOHNSON
KANE
KANKAKEE
KENDALL
KNOX
LAKE
LA SALLE
LAWRENCE
LEE
  105
* 107
  109
* 111
* 113
  115
  117
  119
  121
* 123
  125
* 127
* 129
  131
  133
* 135
  137
* 139
  141
  143
  145
  147
* 149
* 151
* 153
* 155
LIVINGSTON
LOGAN
MCDONOUGH
MCHENRY
MCLEAN
MACON
MACOUPIN
MADISON
MARION
MARSHALL
MASON
MASSAC
MENARD
MERCER
MONROE
MONTGOMERY
MORGAN
MOULTRIE
OGLE
PEORIA
PERRY
PIATT
PIKE
POPE
PULASKI
PUTNAM
  157
  159
* 161
  163
* 165
  167
* 169
  171
  173
  175
* 177
* 179
  181
  183
* 185
* 187
* 189
* 191
* 193
  195
  197
  199
  201
  203
RANDOLPH
RICHLAND
ROCK ISLAND
ST. CLAIR
SALINE
SANGAMON
SCHUYLER
SCOTT
SHELBY
STARK
STEPHENSON
TAZEWELL
UNION
VERMILION
WABASH
WARREN
WASHINGTON
WAYNE
WHITE
WHITESIDE
WILL
WILLIAMSON
WINNEBAGO
WOODFORD
                                                   216

-------
18    IN   INDIANA
  001 ADAMS
  003 ALLEN
  005 BARTHOLOMEW
  007 BENTON
  009 BLACKFORD
  011 BOONE
  013 BROWN
  015 CARROLL
  017 CASS
  019 CLARK
  021 CLAY
  023 CLINTON
  025 CRAWFORD
  027 DAVIESS
  029 DEARBORN
  031 DECATUR
  033 DEKALB
  035 DELAWARE
  037 DU80IS
  039 ELKHART
  041 FAYETTE
  043 FLOYD
  045 FOUNTAIN
                        047 FRANKLIN
                        049 FULTON
                        051 GIBSON
                        053 GRANT
                        055 GREENE
                        057 HAMILTON
                        059 HANCOCK
                        061 HARRISON
                        063 HENDRICKS
                        065 HENRY
                        067 HOWARD
                        069 HUNTINGTON
                        071 JACKSON
                        073 JASPER
                        075 JAY
                        077 JEFFERSON
                        079 JENNINGS
                        081 JOHNSON
                        083 KNOX
                        085 KOSCIUSKO
                        087 LAGRANGE
                        089 LAKE
                        091 LA PORTE
093 LAWRENCE
095 MADISON
097 MARION
099 MARSHALL
101 MARTIN
103 MIAMI
105 MONROE
107 MONTGOMERY
109 MORGAN
111 NEWTON
113 NOBLE
115 OHIO
117 ORANGE
119 OWEN
121 PARKE
123 PERRY
125 PIKE
127 PORTER
129 POSEY
131 PULASKI
133 PUTNAM
135 RANDOLPH
137 RIPLEY
  139
  141
  143
  145
  147
  149
  151
  153
  155
* 157
  159
  161
  163
  165
  167
  169
  171
  173
  175
  177
* 179
  181
  183
RUSH
ST. JOSEPH
SCOTT
SHELBY
SPENCER
STARKE
STEUBEN
SULLIVAN
SWITZERLAND
TIPPECANOE
TIPTON
UNION
VANDERBURGH
VERMILLION
VI GO
WABASH
WARREN
WARRICK
WASHINGTON
WAYNE
WELLS
WHITE
WHITLEY
19    IA   IOWA
  001
  003
  005
  007
  009
  011
  013
  015
  017
  019
  021
  023
  025
  027
  029
  031
  033
  035
* 037
* 039
  041
  043
  045
  047
  049
ADAIR
ADAMS
ALLAMAKEE
APPANOOSE
AUDUBON
BENTON
BLACK HAWK
BOONE
BREMER
BUCHANAN
BUENA VISTA
BUTLER
CALHOUN
CARROLL
CASS
CEDAR
CERRO GORDO
CHEROKEE
CHICKASAW
CLARKE
CLAY
CLAYTON
CLINTON
CRAWFORD
DALLAS
* 051
* 053
055
057
059
061
* 063
065
* 067
069
071
073
075
077
079
081
083
085
087
089
091
093
095
097
099
DAVIS
DECATUR
DELAWARE
DES MOINES
DICKINSON
DUBUQUE
EMMET
FAYETTE
FLOYD
FRANKLIN
FREMONT
GREENE
GRUNDY
GUTHRIE
HAMILTON
HANCOCK
HARD IN
HARRISON
HENRY
HOWARD
HUMBOLDT
IDA
IOWA
JACKSON
JASPER
* 101
103
105
107
109
111
113
115
* 117
119
121
123
125
127
129
131
* 133
135
137
139
141
143
145
147
149
JEFFERSON
JOHNSON
JONES
KEOKUK
KOSSUTH
LEE
LINN
LOUISA
LUCAS
LYON
MADISON
MAHASKA
MARION
MARSHALL
MILLS
MITCHELL
MONONA
MONROE
MONTGOMERY
MUSCAT I NE
0 BRIEN
OSCEOLA
PAGE
PALO ALTO
PLYMOUTH
151
153
155
157
159
161
* 163
165
167
169
171
* 173
175
177
179
181
183
185
187
189
191
193
195
* 197
POCAHONTAS
POLK
POTTAWATTAMIE
POWESHIEK
RINGGOLD
SAC
SCOTT
SHELBY
SIOUX
STORY
TAMA
TAYLOR
UNION
VAN BUREN
WAPELLO
WARREN
WASHINGTON
WAYNE
WEBSTER
WINNEBAGO
WINNESHIEK
WOODBURY
WORTH
WRIGHT
                                                   217

-------
20   KS   KANSAS
001 ALLEN
003 ANDERSON
005 ATCHISON
007 BARBER
009 BARTON
011 BOURBON
013 BROWN
015 BUTLER
017 CHASE
019 CHAUTAUQUA
021 CHEROKEE
023 CHEYENNE
025 CLARK
027 CLAY
029 CLOUD
031 COFFEY
033 COHAHCHE
035 COWLEY
037 CRAWFORD
039 DECATUR
041 DICKINSON
043 DOM I PH AM
045 DOUGLAS
047 EDWARDS
049 ELK
051 ELLIS
053 ELLSWORTH
21 KY KENTUCKY
001 ADAIR
* 003 ALLEN
005 ANDERSON
007 BALLARD
009 BARREN
011 BATH
* 013 BELL
015 BOONE
017 BOURBON
019 BOYD
021 BOYLE
* 023 BRACKEN
* 025 BREATHITT
* 027 BRECKINRIDGE
029 BULL ITT
* 031 BUTLER
033 CALDWELL
035 CALLOWAY
037 CAMPBELL
* 039 CARLISLE
041 CARROLL
043 CARTER
* 045 CASEY
047 CHRISTIAN
049 CLARK
* 051 CLAY
* 053 CLINTON
055 CRITTENDEN
* 057 CUMBERLAND
059 DAVIESS
055 FINNEY
057 FORD
059 FRANKLIN
061 GEARY
063 GOVE
065 GRAHAM
067 GRANT
069 GRAY
071 GREELEY
073 GREENWOOD
075 HAMILTON
077 HARPER
079 HARVEY
081 HASKELL
083 HODGEMAN
085 JACKSON
087 JEFFERSON
089 JEWELL
091 JOHNSON
093 KEARNY
095 KINGMAN
097 KIOWA
* 099 LABETTE
101 LANE
103 LEAVENWORTH
105 LINCOLN
107 LINN

* 061 EDMONSON
063 ELLIOTT
065 ESTILL
067 FAYETTE
* 069 FLEMING
* 071 FLOYD
073 FRANKLIN
075 FULTON
077 GALLATIN
* 079 GARRARD
081 GRANT
* 083 GRAVES
085 GRAYSON
087 GREEN
089 GREENUP
091 HANCOCK
093 HARD IN
* 095 HARLAN
097 HARRISON
* 099 HART
101 HENDERSON
* 103 HENRY
* 105 HICKMAN
107 HOPKINS
* 109 JACKSON
111 JEFFERSON
113 JESSAMINE
* 115 JOHNSON
117 KENTON
* 119 KNOTT
                                                            109 LOGAN
                                                            111 LYON
                                                            113 MCPHERSON
                                                            115 MARION
                                                            117 MARSHALL
                                                            119 MEADE
                                                            121 MIAMI
                                                            123 MITCHELL
                                                            125 MONTGOMERY
                                                            127 MORRIS
                                                            129 MORTON
                                                            131 NEMAHA
                                                            133 NEOSHO
                                                            135 NESS
                                                            137 NORTON
                                                            139 OSAGE
                                                            141 OSBORNE
                                                            143 OTTAWA
                                                            145 PAWNEE
                                                            147 PHILLIPS
                                                            149 POTTAWATOMIE
                                                            151 PRATT
                                                            153 RAWLINS
                                                            155 RENO
                                                            157 REPUBLIC
                                                            159 RICE
                                                            161 RILEY
                                                            121
                                                            123
                                                          * 125
                                                          * 127
                                                            129
                                                            131
                                                          * 133
                                                          * 135
                                                          * 137
                                                          * 139
                                                            141
                                                            143
                                                            145
                                                            147
                                                            149
                                                            151
                                                          * 153
                                                          * 155
                                                            157
                                                          * 159
                                                            161
                                                          * 163
                                                            165
                                                            167
                                                            169
                                                            171
                                                            173
                                                            175
                                                            177
                                                            179
KNOX
LARUE
LAUREL
LAWRENCE
LEE
LESLIE
LETCHER
LEWIS
LINCOLN
LIVINGSTON
LOGAN
LYON
MCCRACKEN
MCCREARY
MCLEAN
MADISON
MAGOFFIN
MARION
MARSHALL
MARTIN
MASON
MEADE
MENI FEE
MERCER
METCALFE
MONROE
MONTGOMERY
MORGAN
MUHLENBERG
NELSON
                         163
                         165
                         167
                         169
                         171
                         173
                         175
                         177
                         179
                         181
                         183
                         185
                         187
                         189
                         191
                         193
                         195
                         197
                         199
                         201
                         203
                         205
                         207
                         209
      ROOKS
      RUSH
      RUSSELL
      SALINE
      SCOTT
      SEDGWICK
      SEWARD
      SHAWNEE
      SHERIDAN
      SHERMAN
      SMITH
      STAFFORD
      STANTON
      STEVENS
      SUMNER
      THOMAS
      TREGO
      WABAUNSEE
      WALLACE
      WASHINGTON
      WICHITA
      WILSON
      WOODSON
      WYANDOTTE
  181
  183
  185
  187
* 189
  191
  193
  195
* 197
  199
* 201
* 203
  205
  207
  209
  211
  213
  215
  217
  219
  221
* 223
  225
  227
  229
  231
  233
  235
* 237
  239
NICHOLAS
OHIO
OLDHAM
OWEN
OWSLEY
PENDELTON
PERRY
PIKE
POWELL
PULASKI
ROBERTSON
ROCKCASTLE
ROWAN
RUSSELL
SCOTT
SHELBY
SIMPSON
SPENCER
TAYLOR
TODD
TRIGG
TRIMBLE
UNION
WARREN
WASHINGTON
WAYNE
WEBSTER
WHITLEY
WOLFE
WOODFORD
                                                   218

-------
22   LA   LOUISIANA
001 ACADIA
003 ALLEN
005 ASCENSION
007 ASSUMPTION
009 AVOYELLES
011 BEAUREGARD
013 BIENVILLE
015 BOSSIER
017 CADDO
019 CALCASIEU
021 CALDWELL
023 CAMERON
025 CATAHOULA
027 CLAI BORNE
029 CONCORD I A
031 DE SOTO
033 E BATON ROUGE
035 EAST CARROLL
* 037 EAST FELICIANA
039 EVANGEL I NE
041 FRANKLIN
043 GRANT
045 IBERIA
047 IBERVILLE
* 049 JACKSON
051 JEFFERSON
* 053 JEFFERSON DAVIS
055 LAFAYETTE
057 LAFOURCHE
059 LA SALLE
* 061 LINCOLN
* 063 LIVINGSTON
065 MADISON
067 MOREHOUSE
069 NATCHITOCHES
071 ORLEANS
073 OUACHITA
* 075 PLAQUEMINES
077 POINTE COUPEE
079 RAPIDES
081 RED RIVER
* 083 RICHLAND
* 085 SABINE
087 ST. BERNARD
089 ST. CHARLES
* 091 ST. HELENA
093 ST. JAMES
095 ST. JOHN THE
BAPTIST
097 ST.LANDRY
099 ST. MART IN
101 ST. MARY
103 ST. TAMMANY
105 TANGIPAHOA
107 TENSAS
109 TERREBONNE
* 111 UNION
* 113 VERMILION
* 115 VERNON
* 117 WASHINGTON
* 119 WEBSTER
121 W. BATON ROUGE
123 WEST CARROLL
* 125 WEST FELICIANA
* 127 WINN



23   ME   MAINE
  001  ANDROSCOGGIN
  003  AROOSTOOK
  005  CUMBERLAND
  007  FRANKLIN
009 HANCOCK
011 KENNEBEC
013 KNOX
015 LINCOLN
  017 OXFORD
  019 PENOBSCOT
* 021 PISCATAQUIS
  023 SAGADAHOC
  025 SOMERSET
  027 WALDO
* 029 WASHINGTON
  031 YORK
24   MD   MARYLAND
  001  ALLEGANY
  003  ANNE ARUNDEL
  005  BALTIMORE
  009  CALVERT
  011  CAROLINE
  013  CARROLL
015 CECIL
017 CHARLES
019 DORCHESTER
021 FREDERICK
023 GARRETT
025 HARFORD
  027 HOWARD
  029 KENT
  031 MONTGOMERY
  033 PRINCE GEORGES
  035 QUEEN ANNES
  037 ST. MARYS
  039 SOMERSET
  041 TALBOT
  043 WASHINGTON
  045 WI COMICO
  047 WORCESTER
* 510 BALTIMORE CITY
25   MA    MASSACHUSETTS
  001  BARNSTABLE
  003  BERKSHIRE
  005  BRISTOL
  007  DUKES
009 ESSEX
011 FRANKLIN
013 HAMPDEN
015 HAMPSHIRE
* 017 MIDDLESEX
  019 NANTUCKET
  021 NORFOLK
  023 PLYMOUTH
  025 SUFFOLK
  027 WORCESTER
                                                 219

-------
26   MI   MICHIGAN
  001
  003
  005
  007
  009
  011
  013
  015
  017
  019
  021
  023
  025
  027
  029
  031
  033
  035
  037
  039
  041
ALCONA
ALGER
ALLEGAN
ALPEHA
ANTRIM
ARENAC
BARAGA
BARRY
BAY
BEN2IE
BERRIEH
BRANCH
CALHOUN
CASS
CHARLEVOIX
CHEBOYGAN
CHIPPEWA
CLARE
CLINTON
CRAWFORD
DELTA
043 DICKINSON
045 EATON
047 EMMET
049 GENESEE
051 GLADUIN
053 GOGEBIC
055 GRAND TRAVERSE
057 GRATIOT
059 HILLSDALE
061 HOUGHTON
063 HURON
065 INGHAM
067 IONIA
069 IOSCO
071 IRON
073 ISABELLA
075 JACKSON
077 KALAMAZCO
079 KALKASKA
081 KENT
083 KEWEENAU
085 LAKE
087 LAPEER
089 LEELANAU
091 LENAUEE
093 LIVINGSTON
* 095 LUCE
* 097 MACKINAC
099 MACOMB
* 101 MANISTEE
* 103 MARQUETTE
* 105 MASON
107 MECOSTA
109 MENOMINEE
111 MIDLAND
113 MISSAUKEE
115 MONROE
117 MONTCALM
* 119 MONTMORENCY
121 MUSKEGON
123 NEUAYGO
125 OAKLAND
                                                           127
                                                           129
                                                           131
                                                           133
                                                           135
                                                           137
                                                           139
                                                           141
                                                           143
                                                           145
                                                           147
                                                           149
                                                           151
                                                           153
                                                           155
                                                           157
                                                           159
                                                           161
                                                           163
                                                           165
                                                         OCEANA
                                                         OGEMAU
                                                         ONTONAGON
                                                         OSCEOLA
                                                         OSCODA
                                                         OTSEGO
                                                         OTTAWA
                                                         PRESQUE ISLE
                                                         ROSCOMMON
                                                         SAGINAW
                                                         ST. CLAIR
                                                         ST. JOSEPH
                                                         SANILAC
                                                         SCHOOLCRAFT
                                                         SHIAWASSEE
                                                         TUSCOLA
                                                         VAN BUREN
                                                         WASHTENAW
                                                         WAYNE
                                                         WEXFORD
27   MN   MINNESOTA
  001
  003
  005
  007
  009
  011
  013
  015
  017
  019
  021
  023
  025
  027
  029
  031
  033
  035
  037
  039
  041
  043
AITKIN
ANOKA
BECKER
BELTRAMI
BENTON
BIG STONE
BLUE EARTH
BROWN
CARLTON
CARVER
CASS
CHIPPEUA
CHISAGO
CLAY
CLEARWATER
COOK
COTTONWOOO
CROW WING
DAKOTA
DODGE
DOUGLAS
FARIBAULT
  045
  047
  049
  051
  053
  055
  057
  059
  061
  063
  065
  067
  069
  071
  073
  075
  077
  079
  081
  083
* 085
FILLMORE
FREEBORN
GOODHUE
GRANT
HENNEPIN
HOUSTON
HUBBARD
ISANTI
ITASCA
JACKSON
KANABEC
KANDIYOHI
KITTSON
KOOCHICHING
LAC QUI PARLE
LAKE
LAKE OF  THE
WOODS
LE SUEUR
LINCOLN
LYON
HCLEOO
  087
  089
  091
  093
  095
  097
  099
  101
  103
  105
  107
  109
* 111
  113
* 115
  117
* 119
  121
  123
* 125
  127
* 129
MAHNOMEN
MARSHALL
MARTIN
MEEKER
MILLE LACS
MORRISON
MOWER
MURRAY
NICOLLET
NOBLES
NORMAN
OLMSTED
OTTER TAIL
PENNINGTON
PINE
PIPESTONE
POLK
POPE
RAMSEY
RED LAKE
REDWOOD
RENVILLE
  131
  133
* 135
* 137
  139
  141
* 143
  145
  147
  149
  151
  153
  155
  157
* 159
  161
  163
  165
  167
* 169
  171
  173
RICE
ROCK
ROSEAU
ST. LOUIS
SCOTT
SHERBURNE
SIBLEY
STEARNS
STEELE
STEVENS
SWIFT
TODD
TRAVERSE
WABASHA
WADENA
WASECA
WASHINGTON
WATONWAN
WILKIN
WINONA
WRIGHT
YELLOW MEDICINE
                                                   220

-------
28   MS    MISSISSIPPI
  001
  003
  005
  007
  009
  011
  013
  015
  017
  019
  021
  023
  025
  027
  029
  031
  033
  035
  037
  039
  041
ADAMS
ALCORN
AMITE
ATTALA
BENTON
BOLIVAR
CALHOUN
CARROLL
CHICKASAW
CHOCTAW ,
CLAIBORNE
CLARKE
CLAY
COAHQMA
COPIAH
COVINGTON
DE SOTO
FORREST
FRANKLIN
GEORGE
GREENE
043
045
047
049
051
053
055
057
059
061
063
065
067
069
071
073
075
077
079
081
083
GRENADA
HANCOCK
HARRISON
HINDS
HOLMES
HUMPHREYS
ISSAQUENA
ITAWAMBA
JACKSON
JASPER
JEFFERSON
JEFFERSON DAVIS
JONES
KEMPER
LAFAYETTE
LAMAR
.LAUDERDALE
LAWRENCE
LEAKE
LEE
LEFLORE
  085
  087
  089
  091
  093
  095
  097
  099
  101
  103
  105
  107
  109
* 111
  113
  115
* 117
  119
  121
* 123
  125
LINCOLN
LOWNDES
MADISON
MARION
MARSHALL
MONROE
MONTGOMERY
NESHOBA
NEWTON
NOXUBEE
OKTIBBEHA
PANOLA
PEARL RIVER
PERRY
PIKE
PONTOTOC
PRENTISS
QUITMAN
RANKIN
SCOTT
SHARKEY
* 127
* 129
* 131
  133
  135
  137
  139
  141
  143
  145
  147
  149
  151
* 153
  155
* 157
  159
  161
  163
SIMPSON
SMITH
STONE
SUNFLOWER
TALLAHATCHIE
TATE
TIPPAH
TISHOMINGO
TUNICA
UNION
WALTHALL
WARREN
WASHINGTON
WAYNE
WEBSTER
WILKINSON
WINSTON
YALOBUSHA
YAZOO
29    MO   MISSOURI
* 001 ADAIR
003 ANDREW
* 005 ATCHISON
* 007 AUDRAIN
* 009 BARRY
011 BARTON
* 013 BATES
* 015 BENTON
* 017 BOLLINGER
019 BOONE
021 BUCHANAN
023 BUTLER
025 CALDWELL
027 CALLAWAY
* 029 CAMDEN
031 CAPE GIRARDEAU
* 033 CARROLL
035 CARTER
037 CASS
* 039 CEDAR
* 041 CHAR I TON
043 CHRISTIAN
* 045 CLARK
047 CLAY
049 CLINTON
* 051 COLE
* 053 COOPER
* 055 CRAWFORD
* 057 DADE
* 059 DALLAS
061 DAVIESS
063 DEKALB
065 DENT
* 067 DOUGLAS
069 DUNKLIN
071 FRANKLIN
* 073 GASCONADE
075 GENTRY
077 GREENE
* 079 GRUNDY
081 HARRISON
083 HENRY
* 085 HICKORY
087 HOLT
089 HOWARD
* 091 HOWELL
* 093 IRON
095 JACKSON
097 JASPER
* 099 JEFFERSON
101 JOHNSON
103 KNOX
* 105 LACLEDE
107 LAFAYETTE
109 LAWRENCE
111 LEWIS
113 LINCOLN
* 115 LINN
                                                            117
                                                          *  119
                                                          *  121
                                                          *  123
                                                          *  125
                                                            127
                                                          *  129
                                                          *  131
                                                            133
                                                            135
                                                            137
                                                            139
                                                          *  141
                                                            143
                                                            145
                                                            147
                                                            149
                                                          *  151
                                                          *  153
                                                            155
                                                            157
                                                          *  159
                                                          *  161
                                                          *  163
                                                            165
                                                          *  167
                                                            169
                                                          *  171
                                                            173
                                                          LIVINGSTON
                                                          MCDONALD
                                                          MACON
                                                          MADISON
                                                          MARIES
                                                          MARION
                                                          MERCER
                                                          MILLER
                                                          MISSISSIPPI
                                                          MONITEAU
                                                          MONROE
                                                          MONTGOMERY
                                                          MORGAN
                                                          NEW MADRID
                                                          NEWTON
                                                          NODAWAY
                                                          OREGON
                                                          OSAGE
                                                          OZARK
                                                          PEMISCOT
                                                          PERRY
                                                          PETTIS
                                                          PHELPS
                                                          PIKE
                                                          PLATTE
                                                          POLK
                                                          PULASKI
                                                          PUTNAM
                                                          RALLS
                                                          175
                                                          177
                                                        *  179
                                                          181
                                                          183
                                                          185
                                                          186
                                                          187
                                                          189
                                                        *  195
                                                          197
                                                          199
                                                          201
                                                          203
                                                          205
                                                          207
                                                        *  209
                                                        *  211
                                                        *  213
                                                        *  215
                                                          217
                                                          219
                                                        *  221
                                                          223
                                                        *  225
                                                          227
                                                          229
                                                        *  510
                                                          RANDOLPH
                                                          RAY
                                                          REYNOLDS
                                                          RIPLEY
                                                          ST CHARLES
                                                          ST CLAIR
                                                          STE  GENEVIEVE
                                                          ST FRANCOIS
                                                          ST LOUIS
                                                          SALINE
                                                          SCHUYLER
                                                          SCOTLAND
                                                          SCOTT
                                                          SHANNON
                                                          SHELBY
                                                          STODDARD
                                                          STONE
                                                          SULLIVAN
                                                          TANEY
                                                          TEXAS
                                                          VERNON
                                                          WARREN
                                                          WASHINGTON
                                                          WAYNE
                                                          WEBSTER
                                                          WORTH
                                                          WRIGHT
                                                          ST  LOUIS  CITY
                                                    221

-------
 30   MT    MONTANA
  001
  003
  005
  007
  009
  011
  013
  015
  017
  019
  021
  023
  025
  027
  029
 BEAVERHEAD
 BIG HORN
 BLAINE
 BROADWATER
 CARBON
 CARTER
 CASCADE
 CHOUTEAU
 CUSTER
 DANIELS
 DAWSOH
 DEER LODGE
 FALLOW
 FERGUS
 FLATHEAD
  031
  033
  035
  037
  039
  041
  043
  045
  047
  049
  051
  053
  055
  057
  059
GALLATIN
GARFIELD
GLACIER
GOLDEN VALLEY
GRANITE
HILL
JEFFERSON
JUDITH BASIN
LAKE
LEWIS AND CLARK
LIBERTY
LINCOLN
HCCONE
MADISON
HEAGHER
061
063
065
067
069
071
073
075
077
079
081
083
085
087
089
MINERAL
MISSOULA
MUSSELSHELL
PARK
PETROLEUM
PHILLIPS
PONDERA
POWDER RIVER
POWELL
PRAIRIE
RAVALLI
RICHLAND
ROOSEVELT
ROSEBUD
SANDERS
  091
* 093
  095
* 097
* 099
* 101
  103
  105
* 107
  109
  111
* 113
SHERIDAN
SILVER BOW
STILLWATER
SWEET GRASS
TETON
TOOLE
TREASURE
VALLEY
WHEATLAND
WIBAUX
YELLOWSTONE
YELLOWSTONE
NATL. PARK-PART
31    NE   NEBRASKA
  001
  003
  005
  007
  009
  011
  013
  015
  017
  019
  021
  023
  025
  027
  029
  031
  033
  035
  037
  039
  041
  043
  045
  047
ADAMS
ANTELOPE
ARTHUR
BANNER
BLAINE
BOONE
BOX BUTTE
BOYD
BROUN
BUFFALO
BURT
BUTLER
CASS
CEDAR
CHASE
CHERRY
CHEYENNE
CLAY
COLFAX
OWING
CUSTER
DAKOTA
DAWES
DAWSOH
  049
  051
  053
  055
  057
  059
  061
  063
  065
  067
* 069
  071
  073
  075
  077
  079
  081
  083
  085
  087
  089
  091
  093
  095
DEUEL
DIXON
DODGE '
DOUGLAS
DUNDY
FILLMORE
FRANKLIN
FRONTIER
FURNAS
GAGE
GARDEN
GARFIELD
GOSPER
GRANT
GREELEY
HALL
HAMILTON
HARLAN
HAYES
HITCHCOCK
HOLT
HOOKER
HOWARD
JEFFERSON
097
099
101
103
105
107
109
111
113
115
117
119
121
123
125
127
129
131
133
135
137
139
141
143
JOHNSON
KEARNEY
KEITH
KEYA PAHA
KIMBALL
KNOX
LANCASTER
LINCOLN
LOGAN
LOUP
MCPHERSON
MADISON
MERRICK
MORRILL
NANCE
NEMAHA
NUCKOLLS
OTOE
PAWNEE
PERKINS
PHELPS
PIERCE
PLATTE
POLK
  145
  147
  149
  151
  153
  155
  157
  159
  161
* 163
  165
  167
  169
  171
  173
  175
  177
  179
  181
  183
  185
RED WILLOW
RICHARDSON
ROCK
SALINE
SARPY
SAUNDERS
SCOTTS BLUFF
SEWARD
SHERIDAN
SHERMAN
SIOUX
STANTON
THAYER
THOMAS
THURSTON
VALLEY
WASHINGTON
WAYNE
WEBSTER
WHEELER
YORK
32    NV   NEVADA
  001 CHURCHILL
  003 CLARK
  005 DOUGLAS
  007 ELKO
  009 ESMERALDA
                         011  EUREKA
                       * 013  HUMBOLDT
                         015  LANDER
                         017  LINCOLN
                         019  LYON
                              021 MINERAL
                              023 NYE
                              027 PERSHING
                              029 STOREY
                              031 WASHOE
                                                     033 WHITE PINE
                                                     510 CARSON CITY
33   NH   NEW  HAMPSHIRE
  001  BELKNAP
  003  CARROLL
  005  CHESHIRE
                         007 COOS
                         009 GRAFTON
                         011  HILLSBOROUGH
                              013 MERRIMACK
                              015 ROCKINGHAM
                                                     017 STRAPFORD
                                                     019 SULLIVAN
                                                   222

-------
34   NJ   NEW JERSEY
  001  ATLANTIC
  003  BERGEN
  005  BURLINGTON
  007  CAMDEN
  009  CAPE HAY
  011  CUMBERLAND
                        013 ESSEX
                        015 GLOUCESTER
                        017 HUDSON
                        019 HUNTERDON
                        021 MERCER
                            023 MIDDLESEX
                            025 MONMOUTH
                            027 MORRIS
                            029 OCEAN
                            031 PASSAIC
                                                    033 SALEM
                                                    035 SOMERSET
                                                    037 SUSSEX
                                                    039 UNION
                                                    041 WARREN
35    NM   NEW MEXICO
  001 BERNALILLO
  003 CATRON
  005 CHAVES
  007 COLFAX
  009 CURRY
  011 DE BACA
  013 DONA ANA
  015 EDDY
                        017 GRANT
                        019 GUADALUPE
                        021 HARDING
                        023 HIDALGO
                        025 LEA
                        027 LINCOLN
                        028 LOS ALAMOS
                        029 LUNA
                            031 MCKINLEY
                            033 MORA
                            035 OTERO
                            037 QUAY
                            039 RIO ARRIBA
                            041 ROOSEVELT
                            043 SANDOVAL
                            045 SAN JUAN
                                                     047 SAN MIGUEL
                                                     049 SANTA FE
                                                     651 SIERRA
                                                     053 SOCORRO
                                                     055 TAOS
                                                     057 TORRANCE
                                                     059 UNION
                                                     061 VALENCIA
36    NY   NEW  YORK
* 001
  003
* 005
  007
* 009
  011
* 013
  015
  017
* 019
  021
  023
* 025
* 027
  029
* 031
ALBANY
ALLEGANY
BRONX
BROOHE
CATTARAUGUS
CAYUGA
CHAUTAUQUA
CHEMUNG
CHENANGO
CLINTON
COLUMBIA
CORTLAND
DELAWARE
DUTCHESS
ERIE
ESSEX
033
035
037
039
041
043
045
047
049
051
053
055
057
059
061
063
FRANKLIN
FULTON
GENESEE
GREENE
HAMILTON
HERKIMER
JEFFERSON
KINGS
LEWIS
LIVINGSTON
MADISON
MONROE
MONTGOMERY
NASSAU
NEW YORK
NIAGARA
065
067
069
071
073
075
077
079
081
083
085
087
089
091
093
095
ONEIDA
ONONDAGA
ONTARIO
ORANGE
ORLEANS
OSUEGO
OTSEGO
PUTNAM
QUEENS
RENSSELAER
RICHMOND
ROCKLAND
ST.LAWRENCE
SARATOGA
SCHENECTADY
SCHOHARIE
097
099
101
103
105
107
109
111
113
115
117
119
121
123
SCHUYLER
SENECA
STEUBEN
SUFFOLK
SULLIVAN
TIOGA
TOMPKINS
ULSTER
WARREN
WASHINGTON
WAYNE
WESTCHESTER
WYOMING
YATES
                                                   223

-------
 37    NC   NORTH CAROLINA
  001
* 003
  005
* 007
  009
* 011
  013
  015
  017
  019
  021
* 023
  025
  027
* 029
  031
* 033
  035
* 037
* 039
  041
* 043
* 045
  047
  049
 ALAMANCE
 ALEXANDER
 ALLEGHANY
 ANSON
 ASHE
 AVERY
 BEAUFORT
 BERTIE
 BLADEM
 BRUNSWICK
 BUNCOMBE
 BURKE
 CABARRUS
 CALDWELL
 CAMDEN
 CARTERET
 CASWELL
 CATAWBA
 CHATHAM
 CHEROKEE
 CHOWAM
 CLAY
 CLEVELAND
 COLUMBUS
 CRAVEN
  051
  053
* 055
  057
* 059
  061
  063
  065
  067
* 069
  071
* 073
* 075
* 077
  079
  081
* 083
  085
  087
  089
  091
  093
* 095
  097
* 099
 CUMBERLAND
 CURRITUCK
 DARE
 DAVIDSON
 DAVIE
 DUPLIN  .
 DURHAM
 EDGECOMBE
 FORS'YTH
 FRANKLIN
 GASTON
 GATES
 GRAHAM'
 GRANVILLE
 GREENE
 GUILFORD
 HALIFAX*
 HARNETT
 HAYUQOp
 HENDERSON
 HERTFORD
 HOKE
 HYDE
 IREDELL
 JACKSON
   101
   103
   105
   107
 *  109
 *  111
 *  113
 *  115
   117
   119
 *  121
 *  123
   125
   127
   129
   131
   133
   135
   137
   139
   141
   143
   145
   147
 *  149
 JOHNSTON
 JONES
 LEE
 LENOIR
 LINCOLN
 MCDOWELL
 MACON
 MADISON
 MARTIN
 MECKLENBURG
 MITCHELL
 MONTGOMERY
 MPQRE
 NASH
 NEW HANOVER
 NORTHAMPTON
 ONSLOW
 ORANGE
 PAMLICO
 PASQUOTANK
 PENDER
 PERQUIMANS
 PERSON
 PITT
 POLK
* 151
* 153
  155
  157
* 159
* 161
  163
  165
  167
* 169
* 171
* 173
  175
  177
* 179
  181
  183
* 185
  187
  189
  191
* 193
  195
  197
* 199
 RANDOLPH
 RICHMOND
 ROBESON
 ROCKINGHAM
 ROWAN
 RUTHERFORD .
 SAMPSON
 SCOTLAND  '  .
 STANLY
 STOKES
 SURRY
 SWAIN
 TRANSYLVANIA
 TYRRELL
 UNION       r
 VANCE
 WAKE
 WARREN
 WASHINGTON
 WATAUGA
 WAYNE
 WILKES
 WILSON
 YADKIN
 YANCEY
38   ND   NORTH  DAKOTA
  001
  003
  005
  007
  009
  011
  013
  015
  017
  019
  021
  023
  025
  027
ADAMS
BARNES
BENSON
BILLINGS
BOTTINEAU
BOWMAN
BURKE
BURLEIGH
CASS
CAVALIER
DICKEY
DIVIDE
DUNN
EDDY
  029
  031
  033
  035
  037
  039
  041
  043
  045
  047
  049
  051
  053
  055
EHMONS
FOSTER
GOLDEN VALLEY
GRAND FORKS
GRANT
GRIGGS
HETTINGER  .
KIDDER
LA MOURE
LOGAN
MCHENRY
MCINTOSH
MCKENZIE
MCLEAN
  057
* 059
* 061
  063
  065
  067
  069
  071
  073
  075
  077
* 079
  081
* 083
MERCER
MORTON
MOUNTRIAL
NELSON
OLIVER ,
PEMBINA
PIERCE
RAMSEY
RANSOM
RENVILLE
RICHLAND
ROLETTE
SARGENT
SHERIDAN
  085
  087
  089
  091
  093
  095
  097
  099
  101
  103
  105
SIOUX
SLOPE
STARK
STEELE
STUTSMAN
TOWNER
TRAILL
WALSH
WARD
WELLS
WILLIAMS
                                                  224

-------
39    OH   OHIO
* 001 ADAMS
063 ALLEN
005 ASHLAND
007 ASHTABULA
009 ATHENS
011 AUGLAIZE
013 BELMONT
015 BROWN
017 BUTLER
019 CARROLL
021 CHAMPAIGN
* 023 CLARK
025 CLERMONT
027 CLINTON
029 COLUMBIANA
* 031 COSHOCTON
033 CRAWFORD
035 CUYAHOGA
037 DARKE
039 DEFIANCE
041 DELAWARE
043 ERIE
40 OK OKLAHOMA
001 ADAIR
003 ALFALFA
005 ATOKA
007 BEAVER
009 BECKHAM
011 BLAINE
013 BRYAN
015 CADDO
017 CANADIAN
019 CARTER
021 CHEROKEE
023 CHOCTAW
025 CIMARRON
027 CLEVELAND
029 COAL
031 COMANCHE
033 COTTON
035 CRAIG
037 CREEK
039 CUSTER
41 OR OREGON
* 001 BAKER
003 BENTON
005 CLACKAMAS
007 CLATSOP
009 COLUMBIA
011 COOS
013 CROOK
015 CURRY
017 DESCHUTES
045 FAIRFIELD
047 FAYETTE
049 FRANKLIN
051 FULTON
* 053 GALLIA
055 GEAUGA
057 GREENE
* 059 GUERNSEY
061 HAMILTON
063 HANCOCK
* 065 HARDIN
* 067 HARRISON
069 HENRY
071 HIGHLAND
* 073 HOCKING
* 075 HOLMES
* 077 HURON
079 JACKSON
* 081 JEFFERSON
083 KNOX
085 LAKE
* 087 LAWRENCE

041 DELAWARE
043 DEWEY
045 ELLIS
047 GARFIELD
049 GARVIN
051 GRADY
053 GRANT
055 GREER
057 HARMON
059 HARPER
061 HASKELL
063 HUGHES
065 JACKSON
067 JEFFERSON
069 JOHNSTON
071 KAY
073 KINGFISHER
075 KIOWA
077 LATIMER
079 LE FLORE

019 DOUGLAS
021 GILL I AM
023 GRANT
* 025 HARNEY
027 HOOD RIVER
* 029 JACKSON
* 031 JEFFERSON
033 JOSEPHINE
035 KLAMATH
                                                          * 089
                                                            091
                                                            093
                                                            095
                                                            097
                                                            099
                                                            101
                                                            103
                                                          * 105
                                                            107
                                                            109
                                                            111
                                                            113
                                                          * 115
                                                          * 117
                                                          * 119
                                                          * 121
                                                            123
                                                            125
                                                            127
                                                            129
                                                          * 131
LICKING
LOGAN
LORAIN
LUCAS
MADISON
MAHONING
MARION
MEDINA
MEIGS
MERCER
MIAMI
MONROE
MONTGOMERY
MORGAN
MORROW
MUSKINGUM
NOBLE
OTTAWA
PAULDING
PERRY
PICKAWAY
PIKE
                                                            081
                                                            083
                                                            085
                                                            087
                                                            089
                                                            091
                                                            093
                                                            095
                                                            097
                                                            099
                                                            101
                                                            103
                                                            105
                                                            107
                                                            109
                                                            111
                                                            113
                                                            115
                                                            117
                                                            119
LINCOLN
LOGAN
LOVE
MCCLAIN
MCCURTAIN
MCINTOSH
MAJOR
MARSHALL
MAYES
MURRAY
MUSKOGEE
NOBLE
NOWATA
OKFUSKEE
OKLAHOMA
OKMULGEE
OSAGE
OTTAWA
PAWNEE
PAYNE
                                                          * 037 LAKE
                                                            039 LANE
                                                            041 LINCOLN
                                                            043 LINN
                                                            045 MALHEUR
                                                            047 MARION
                                                            049 MORROW
                                                            051 MULTNOMAH
                                                            053 POLK
  133
  135
  137
  139
  141
  143
  145
  147
  149
  151
  153
  155
  157
  159
  161
  163
  165
  167
  169
  171
  173
  175
  121
  123
  125
  127
  129
  131
  133
  135
  137
  139
  141
  143
  145
  147
  149
* 151
  153
PORTAGE
PREBLE
PUTNAM
RICHLAND
ROSS
SANDUSKY
SCIOTO
SENECA
SHELBY
STARK
SUMMIT
TRUMBULL
TUSCARAWAS
UNION
VAN WERT
VINTON
WARREN
WASHINGTON
WAYNE
WILLIAMS
WOOD
WYANDOT
PITTSBURG
PONTOTOC
POTTAWATOMIE
PUSHMATAHA
ROGER MILLS
ROGERS
SEMINOLE
SEQUOYAH
STEPHENS
TEXAS
TILLMAN
TULSA
WAGONER
WASHINGTON
WASHITA
WOODS
WOODWARD
                         055
                         057
                         059
                         061
                         063
                         065
                         067
                         069
                         071
      SHERMAN
      TILLAMOOK
      UMATILLA
      UNION
      WALLOWA
      WASCO
      WASHINGTON
      WHEELER
      YAMHILL
                                                    225

-------
42    PA   PENNSYLVANIA
  001
  003
  005
  007
  009
  011
  013
  015
  017
  019
  021
  023
  025
  027
  029
  031
  033
ADAMS
ALLEGHENY
ARMSTRONG
BEAVER
BEDFORD
BERKS
BLAIR
BRADFORD
BUCKS
BUTLER
CAMBRIA
CAMERON
CARBON
CENTRE
CHESTER
CLARION
CLEARFIELD
035 CLINTON
037 COLUMBIA
039 CRAWFORD
041 CUMBERLAND
043 DAUPHIN
045 DELAWARE
047 ELK
049 ERIE
051 FAYETTE
053 FOREST
055 FRANKLIN
057 FULTON
059 GREENE
061 HUNTINGDON
063 INDIANA
065 JEFFERSON
067 JUNIATA
069 LACKAWANNA
071 LANCASTER
073 LAWRENCE
075 LEBANON
077 LEHIGH
079 LUZERNE
081 LYCOMING
083 MCKEAN
085 MERCER
087 MIFFLIN
089 MONROE
091 MONTGOMERY
093 MONTOUR
095 NORTHAMPTON
097 NORTHUMBERLAND
099 PERRY
101 PHILADELPHIA
                         103 PIKE
                         105 POTTER
                         107 SCHUYLKILL
                         109 SNYDER
                         111 SOMERSET
                         113 SULLIVAN
                         115 SUSQUEHANNA
                         117 TIOGA
                         119 UNION
                         121 VENANGO
                         123 WARREN
                         125 WASHINGTON
                         127 WAYNE
                         129 WESTMORELAND
                         131 WYOMING
                         133 YORK
44   RI   RHODE  ISLAND

  001 BRISTOL                 005 NEWPORT
  003 KENT
                                                     007 PROVIDENCE
                                                        009 WASHINGTON
45   SC   SOUTH  CAROLINA
  001  ABBEVILLE
  003  AIKEN
  005  ALLENDALE
  007  ANDERSON
  009  BAMBERG
  011  BARNWELL
  013  BEAUFORT
  015  BERKELEY
  017  CALHOUN
  019  CHARLESTON
  021  CHEROKEE
  023  CHESTER
                        025
                        027
                        029
                        031
                        033
                        035
                        037
                        039
                        041
                        043
                        045
                        047
    CHESTERFIELD
    CLARENDON
    COLLETON
    DARLINGTON
    DILLON
    DORCHESTER
    EDGEFIELD
    FAIRFIELD
    FLORENCE
    GEORGETOWN
    GREENVILLE
    GREENWOOD
049
051
053
055
057
059
061
063
065
067
069
071
HAMPTON
HORRY
JASPER
KERSHAW
LANCASTER
LAURENS
LEE
LEXINGTON
MCCORMICK
MARION
MARLBORO
NEWBERRY
073 OCONEE
075 ORANGEBURG
077 PICKENS
079 RICHLAND
081 SALUDA
083 SPARTANBURG
085 SUMTER
087 UNION
089 WILLIAMSBURG
091 YORK
                                                  226

-------
46   SD   SOUTH  DAKOTA
  003
  005
  007
  009
  011
  01?
  015
  017
  019
  021
  023
  025
  027
  029
  031
  033
  035
AURORA
BEADLE
BENNETT
BON HOMME
BROOKINGS
BROWN
BRULE
BUFFALO
BUTTE
CAMPBELL
CHARLES MIX
CLARK
CLAY
CODINGTON
CORSON
CUSTER
DAVISON
 037
 039
 041
 043
 045
 047
 049
 051
 053
 055
 057
 059
 061
 063
 065
 067
 069
DAY
DEUEL
DEWEY
DOUGLAS
EDMUNDS
FALL RIVER
FAULK
GRANT
GREGORY
HAAKON
HAMLIN
HAND
HANSON
HARDING
HUGHES
HUTCHINSON
HYDE
071
073
075
077
079
081
083
085
087
089
091
093
095
097
099
101
103
JACKSON
JERAULD
JONES
KINGSBURY
LAKE
LAURENCE
LINCOLN
LYMAN
MCCOOK
MCPHERSON
MARSHALL
MEADE
MELLETTE
MINER
MINNEHAHA
MOODY
PENNINGTON
105
107
109
111
113
115
117
119
121
123
125
127
129
135
137
PERKINS
POTTER
ROBERTS
SANBORN
SHANNON
SPINK
STANLEY
SULLY
TODD
TRIPP
TURNER
UNION
UALWORTH
YANKTON
ZIEBACH
47    TN   TENNESSEE
  001
  003
* 005
* 007
  009
  011
* 013
* 015
  017
* 019
* 021
  023
* 025
* 027
  029
  031
  033
* 035
  037
  039
  041
* 043
  045
  047
ANDERSON
BEDFORD
BENTON
BLEDSOE
BLOUNT
BRADLEY
CAMPBELL
CANNON
CARROLL
CARTER
CHEATHAM
CHESTER
CLAIBORNE
CLAY
COCKE
COFFEE
CROCKETT
CUMBERLAND
DAVIDSON
DECATUR
DICKSON
DEKALB
DYER
 FAYETTE
  049 FENTRESS
  051 FRANKLIN
 * 053 GIBSON
  055 GILES
* 057 GRAINGER
  059 GREENE
* 061 GRUNDY
* 063 HAMBLEN
  065 HAMILTON
  067 HANCOCK
* 069 HARDEMAN
  071 HARDIN
  073 HAWKINS
  075 HAYWOOD
  077 HENDERSON
* 079 HENRY
* 081 HICKMAN
  083 HOUSTON
* 085 HUMPHREYS
* 087 JACKSON
* 089 JEFFERSON
  091 JOHNSON
* 093 KNOX
  095 LAKE
                         097
                         099
                         101
                         103
                         105
                         107
                         109
                         111
                         113
                         115
                         117
                         119
                         121
                         123
                         125
                         127
                         129
                         131
                         133
                         135
                         137
                         139
                         141
                         143
    LAUDERDALE
    LAWRENCE
    LEWIS
    LINCOLN
    LOUDON
    MCMINN
    MCNAIRY
    MACON
    MADISON
    MARION
    MARSHALL
    MAURY
    MEIGS
    MONROE
    MONTGOMERY
    MOORE
    MORGAN
    OBION
    OVERTON
    PERRY
    PICKETT
    POLK
    PUTNAM
    RHEA
                       * 145
                         147
                         149
                       * 151
                       * 153
                         155
                         157
                       * 159
                         161
                         163
                         165
                         167
                         169
                         171
                       * 173
                         175
                         177
                         179
                       * 181
                       * 183
                         185
                         187
                       * 189
    ROANE
    ROBERTSON
    RUTHERFORD
    SCOTT
    SEQUATCHIE
    SEVIER
    SHELBY
    SMITH
    STEWART
    SULLIVAN
    SUMNER
    TIPTON
    TROUSDALE
    UNICOI
    UNION
    VAN BUREN
    WARREN
    WASHINGTON
    WAYNE
    WEAKLEY
    WHITE
    WILLIAMSON
    WILSON
 48   TX   TEXAS
   001  ANDERSON
   003  ANDREWS
   005  ANGELINA
   007  ARANSAS
   009  ARCHER
                          011  ARMSTRONG
                          013  ATASCOSA
                          015  AUSTIN
                          017  BAILEY
                          019  BANDERA
                               021  BASTROP
                               023  BAYLOR
                               025  BEE
                               027  BELL
                               029  BEXAR
                                                      031 BLANCO
                                                      033 BORDEN
                                                      035 BOSQUE
                                                      037 BOWIE
                                                      039 BRAZORIA
                                                    227

-------
 48   TX   TEXAS   (continued)
 * 041 BRAZOS
 * 043 BREWSTER
   045 BRISCOE
 * 047 BROOKS
   049 BROWN
 * 051 BURLESON
   053 BURNET
   055 CALDWELL
   057 CALHOUN
   059 CALLAHAH
   061 CAMERON
   063 CAMP
   065 CARSON
 * 067 CASS
   069 CASTRO
   071- CHAMBERS
   073 CHEROKEE
   075 CHILDRESS
   077 CLAY
   079 COCHRAH
   081 COKE
   083 COLEHAN
   085 COLLIN
   087 COLLINGSWORTH
 * 089 COLORADO
   091 COHAL
   093 COMANCHE
   095 CONCHO
   097 COOKE
   099 CORYELL
   101 COTTLE
   103 CRANE
 * 105 CROCKETT
   107 CROSBY
 * 109 CUtBERSON
   111  DALLAM
   113 DALLAS
   115 DAWSON
   117 DEAF  SMITH
   119 DELTA
   121  DENTON
   123 DE WITT
   125  DICKENS
   127 DIMMIT
   129 DONLEY
* 131  DUVAL
   133  EASTLAND
   135  ECTOR
* 137 EDWARDS
   139 ELLIS
   141  EL PASO
   143  ERATH
   145  FALLS
*  147  FANNIN
*  149  FAYETTE
   151  FISHER
   153  FLOYD
  155 FOARD
  157 FORT BEND
   159 FRANKLIN
 * 161 FREESTONE
 * 163 FRIO
   165 GAINES
   167 GALVESTON
   169 GARZA
   171 GILLESPIE
   173 GLASSCOCK
 * 175 GOLIAD
 * 177 GONZALES
   179 GRAY
   181 GRAYSON
   183 GREGG
 * 185 GRIMES
   187 GUADALUPE
   189 HALE
   191 HALL
 * 193 HAMILTON
   195 HANSFORD
   197 HARDEHAN
 * 199 HARDIN
   201 HARRIS
 * 203 HARRISON
   205 HARTLEY
   207 HASKELL
   209 HAYS
   211 HEMPHILL
   213 HENDERSON
   215 HIDALGO
   217 HILL
   219 HOCKLEY
   221  HOOD
   223 HOPKINS
 * 225 HOUSTON
   227 HOWARD
 * 229 HUDSPETH
   231  HUNT
   233 HUTCHINSON
   235  IRION
 * 237 JACK
 * 239 JACKSON
   241  JASPER
   243  JEFF DAVIS
   245  JEFFERSON
   247 JIM HOGG
   249  JIM WELLS
   251  JOHNSON
   253  JONES
*  255 KARNES
   257 KAUFMAN
   259 KENDALL
*  261 KENEDY
  263 KENT
  265 KERR
  267 KIMBLE
* 269 KING
  271 KINNEY
* 273 KLEBERG
  275 KNOX
   277 LAMAR
   279 LAMB
 * 281 LAMPASAS
 * 283 LA SALLE
   285 LAVACA
 * 287 LEE
   289 LEON
 * 291 LIBERTY
 * 293 LIMESTONE
   295 LIPSCOMB
 * 297 LIVE OAK
 * 299 LLANO
 * 301 LOVING
   303 LUBBOCK
   305 LYNN
   307 MCCULLOCH
 * 309 MCLENNAN
 * 311 MCMULLEN
 * 313 MADISON
 * 315 MARION
   317 MARTIN
 * 319 MASON
 * 321 MATAGORDA
   323 MAVERICK
   325 MEDINA
   327 MENARD
   329 MIDLAND
 * 331  MILAN
   333 MILLS
   335 MITCHELL
   337 MONTAGUE
   339 MONTGOMERY
   341  MOORE
   343 MORRIS
   345  MOTLEY
   347 NACOGDOCHES
   349 NAVARRO
   351  NEWTON
   353  NOLAN
   355  NUECES
   357 OCHILTREE
   359  OLDHAM
*  361 ORANGE
  '363  PALO PINTO"
  365  PANOLA
  367 PARKER
  369 PARMER
  371 PECOS
  373 POLK
  375 POTTER
* 377 PRESIDIO
  379 RAINS
  381 RANDALL
* 383 REAGAN
* 385 REAL
  387 RED RIVER
  389 REEVES
  391 REFUGIO
  393 ROBERTS
*
*
 * 395 ROBERTSON
   397 ROCKWALL
   399 RUNNELS
   401 RUSK
   403 SABINE
 * 405 SAN AUGUSTINE
   407 SAN JACINTO
   409 SAN PAIRICIO
   411 SAN SABA
   413 SCHLEICHER
   415 SCURRY
   417 SHACKELFORD
 * 419 SHELBY
   421 SHERMAN
 * 423 SMITH
   425 SOMERVELL
   427 STARR
 * 429 STEPHENS
   431 STERLING
   433 STONEWALL
   435 SUTTON
   437 SWISHER
   439 TARRANT
   441 TAYLOR
   443 TERRELL
   445 TERRY
 * 447 THROCKMORTON
   449 TITUS
   451  TOM GREEN
   453 TRAVIS
 * 455 TRINITY
 * 457 TYLER
   459 UPSHUR
 * 461  UPTON
   463 UVALDE
   465 VAL VERDE
 * 467 VAN ZANDT
   469 VICTORIA
   471  WALKER
   473  WALLER
   475  WARD
   477 WASHINGTON
   479  WEBB
   481 WHARTON
   483 WHEELER
   485 WICHITA
  487 WILBARGER
  489 WILLACY
  491 WILLIAMSON
  493 WILSON
* 495 WINKLER
  497 WISE
* 499 WOOD
  501 YOAKUM
* 503 YOUNG
* 505 ZAPATA
  507 ZAVALA
                                                   228

-------
49   UT    UTAH
  001  BEAVER
  003  BOX  ELDER
  005  CACHE
  007  CARBON
* 009  DAGGETT
  011  DAVIS
* 013  DUCHESNE
  015  EMERY
  017 GARFIELD
  019 GRAND
  021 IRON
  023 JUAB
  025 KANE
  027 MILLARD
  029 MORGAN
  031 PIUTE
  033 RICH
  035 SALT  LAKE
  037 SAN JUAN
  039 SANPETE
* 041 SEVIER
* 043 SUMMIT
* 045 TOOELE
* 047 UINTAH
049 UTAH
051 WASATCH
053 WASHINGTON
055 WAYNE
057 WEBER
50   VT   VERMONT
  001 ADDISON
  003 BENNINGTON
* 005 CALEDONIA
  007 CHITTENDEN
* 009 ESSEX
  011 FRANKLIN
  013 GRAND ISLE
  015 LAMOILLE
  017 ORANGE
  019 ORLEANS
  021 RUTLAND
* 023 WASHINGTON
025 WINDHAM
027 WINDSOR
51    VA   VIRGINIA
  001 ACCOMACK
  003 ALBERMARLE
* 005 ALLEGHANY
* 007 AMELIA
* 009 AMHERST
* 011 APPOMATTOX
* 013 ARLINGTON
  015 AUGUSTA
* 017 BATH
  019 BEDFORD
* 021 BLAND
* 023 BOTETOURT
* 025 BRUNSWICK
* 027 BUCHANAN
* 029 BUCKINGHAM
  031 CAMPBELL
* 033 CAROLINE
  035 CARROLL
  037 CHARLES CITY
  039 CHARLOTTE
  041 CHESTERFIELD
  043 CLARKE
* 045 CRAIG
  047 CULPEPER
* 049 CUMBERLAND
* 051 DICKENSON
* 053 DINWIDDIE
057 ESSEX
059 FAIRFAX
061 FAUQUIER
* 063 FLOYD
065 FLUVANNA
* 067 FRANKLIN
069 FREDERICK
071 GILES
073 GLOUCHESTER
075 GOOCHLAND
* 077 GRAYSON
079 GREENE
081 GREENSVILLE
* 083 HALIFAX
085 HANOVER
087 HENRI CO
* 089 HENRY
* 091 HIGHLAND
093 ISLE OF WIGHT
095 JAMES CITY
* 097 KING AND QUEEN
099 KING GEORGE
* 101 KING WILLIAM
103 LANCASTER
* 105 LEE
107 LOUDOUN
109 LOUISA
111 LUNENBURG
113 MADISON
115 MATHEWS
117 MECKLENBURG
119 MIDDLESEX
121 MONTGOMERY
125 NELSON
127 NEW KENT
131 NORTHAMPTON
133 NORTHUMBERLAND
135 NOTTOWAY
137 ORANGE
* 139 PAGE
* 141 PATRICK
* 143 PITTSYLVANIA
145 POWHATAN
147 PRINCE EDWARD
149 PRINCE GEORGE
153 PRINCE WILLIAM
155 PULASKI
157 RAPPAHANNOCK
159 RICHMOND
* 161 ROANOKE
* 163 ROCKBRIDGE
165 ROCKINGHAM
* 167 RUSSELL
* 169 SCOTT
171 SHENANDOAH
* 173 SMYTH
* 175 SOUTHAMPTON
177 SPOTSYLVANIA
179 STAFFORD
* 181 SURRY
* 183 SUSSEX
* 185 TAZEWELL
187 WARREN
* 191 WASHINGTON
193 WESTMORELAND
* 195 WISE
* 197 WYTHE
199 YORK

 53   WA    WASHINGTON
   001  ADAMS
   003  ASOTIN
   005  BENTON
   007  CHELAN
   009  CLALLAM
   011  CLARK
   013  COLUMBIA
   015  COWLITZ
   017  DOUGLAS
   019  FERRY
   021  FRANKLIN
   023  GARFIELD
   025  GRANT
   027  GRAYS HARBOR
   029  ISLAND
   031  JEFFERSON
   033  KING
   035  KITSAP
   037  KITTITAS
   039  KLICKITAT
   041  LEWIS
   043  LINCOLN
   045  MASON
   047  OKANOGAN
   049  PACIFIC
   051  PEND OREILLE
   053  PIERCE
   055  SAN JUAN
   057  SKAGIT
   059  SKAMANIA
 061  SNOHOMISH
 063  SPOKANE
 065  STEVENS
 067  THURSTON
 069  WAHKIAKUM
 071  WALLA WALLA
 073  WHATCOM
 075  WHITMAN
 077  YAKIMA
                                                   229

-------
54   WV   WEST VIRGINIA
001 BARBOUR
003 BERKELEY
* 005 BOONE
* 007 BRAXTON
009 BROOKE
011 CABELL
* 013 CALHOUN *
* 015 CLAY *
* 017 DOODRIDGE *
019 FAYETTE *
* 021 GILHER
023 GRANT
025 GREENBRIER
027 HAMPSHIRE
55 WI WISCONSIN
001 ADAMS
* 003 ASHLAND
005 BARRON
* 007 BAYFIELD
009 BROWN
011 BUFFALO
013 BURNETT
015 CALUMET *
017 CHIPPEWA *
* 019 CLARK
021 COLUMBIA
023 CRAWFORD
025 DANE
027 DODGE
029 DOOR
* 031 DOUGLAS
033 DUNN
035 EAU CLAIRE
56 WY WYOMING
* 001 ALBANY
003 BIG HORN
005 CAMPBELL *
* 007 CARBON
009 CONVERSE
011 CROOK *
029 HANCOCK
031 HARDY
033 HARRISON
035 JACKSON
037 JEFFERSON
039 KANAWHA
041 LEWIS
043 LINCOLN
045 LOGAN
047 MCDOWELL
049 MARION
051 MARSHALL
053 MASON
055 MERCER

037 FLORENCE
039 FOND DU LAC
041 FOREST
043 GRANT
045 GREEN
047 GREEN LAKE
049 IOWA
051 IRON
053 JACKSON
055 JEFFERSON
057 JUNEAU
059 KENOSHA
061 KEWAUNEE
063 LA CROSSE
065 LAFAYETTE
067 LANGLADE
069 LINCOLN
071 MANITOWOC

013 FREMONT
015 GOSHEN
017 HOT SPRINGS
019 JOHNSON
021 LARAMIE
023 LINCOLN
                                                           057
                                                         * 059
                                                           061
                                                           063
                                                           065
                                                         * 067
                                                           069
                                                         * 071
                                                           073
                                                         * 075
                                                           077
                                                           079
                                                           081
                                                           083
                                                           073
                                                           075
                                                           077
                                                           078
                                                           079
                                                           081
                                                           083
                                                           085
                                                           087
                                                           089
                                                           091
                                                           093
                                                           095
                                                           097
                                                           099
                                                           101
                                                           103
                                                           105
MINERAL
MINGO
MONONGALIA
MONROE
MORGAN
NICHOLAS
OHIO
PENDLETON
PLEASANTS
POCAHONTAS
PRESTON
PUTNAM
RALEIGH
RANDOLPH
MARATHON
MARINETTE
MARQUETTE
MENOMINEE
MILWAUKEE
MONROE
OCONTO
ONEIDA
OUTAGAMIE
OZAUKEE
PEPIN
PIERCE
POLK
PORTAGE
PRICE
RACINE
RICHLAND
ROCK
  085
* 087
  089
  091
  093
  095
  097
* 099
* 101
* 103
  105
  107
  109
RITCHIE
ROANE
SUMMERS
TAYLORS
TUCKER
TYLER
UPSHUR
WAYNE
WEBSTER
WETZEL
WIRT
WOOD
WYOMING
                                                         * 025  NATRONA
                                                         * 027  NIOBRARA
                                                         * 029  PARK
                                                         * 031  PLATTE
                                                           033  SHERIDAN
                                                           035  SUBLETTE
  107 RUSK
  109 ST.  CROIX
  111 SAUK
  113 SAWYER
  115 SHAWANO
  117 SHEBOYGAN
  119 TAYLOR
  121 TREMPEALEAU
  123 VERNON
  125 VI LAS
  127 WALWORTH
  129 WASHBURN
  131 WASHINGTON
  133 WAUKESHA
  135 WAUPACA
  137 WAUSHARA
  139 WINNEBAGO
  141 WOOD
                         037 SWEETWATER
                       *  039 TETON
                       *  041 UINTA
                         043 WASHAKIE
                         045 WESTON
                                                  230

-------
                           APPENDIX F

             NOAA  FIRST ORDER METEOROLOGIC  STATIONS
Figure F.1 provides a map  showing  the  location of the NOAA first
order  meteorologic  stations  known to  DBAPE.    A  summary  of
information about each station follows.
 W13876  AL-Birmingham
 W13894  AL-Mobile
 W13 8 9 5  AL-Montgomery

 W03103  AZ-Flagstaff
 W23183  AZ-Phoenix
 W23160  AZ-Tuscon
 W23194  AZ-Winslow
 W23195  AZ-Yuma

 W13964  AR-Fort Smith
 W13963  AR-Little Rock

 W23155  CA-Bakersfield
 W23152  CA-Burbank
 W93193  CA-Fresno
 W23129  CA-Long Beach
 W23174  CA-Los Angeles
 W23230  CA-Oakland
 W24216  CA-Red Bluff
 W23232  CA-Sacramento
 W23188  CA-San Diego
 W23234  CA-San Francisco

 W93062  CO-Denver
 W23066  CO-Grand Junction
 W93058  CO-Pueblo
                                231

-------
                                                                  a
                                                                  Q
                                                                  O
                                                                  •P
                                                                  01
                                                                  rt
                                                                  o
                                                                 •H
                                                                 •P
                                                                  flj
                                                                 4J
                                                                  0)

                                                                  O
                                                                 •H
                                                                  O
                                                                  01
                                                                 4J

                                                                  I

                                                                  M
                                                                  0)
                                                                 •O
                                                                 01
                                                                 M
                                                                 •H
                                                                 M-l
                                                                 §
                                                                 01
232

-------
W94702
W14740
CT-Bridgeport
CT-Hartford
W13781" DE-Wilmington

W12834  FL-Daytona Beach
W13889  FL-Jacksonville
W12836  FL-Key West
W12839  FL-Miami
W12841  FL-Orlando
W93805  FL-Tallahasse
W12842  FL-Tampa
W12844  FL-West Palm Beach

W13873  GA-Athens
W13874  GA-Atlanta
W03820  GA-Augusta
W93842  GA-Columbus
WO3813  GA-Macon
W03822  GA-Savannah

W24131  ID-Boise
W24156  ID-Pocatello

W14819  IL-Chicago
W14923  IL-Moline
W14842  IL-Peoria
W94822  IL-Rockford
W93822  IL-Springfield

W93817  IN-Evansville
W14827  IN-Fort Wayne
W93819  IN-Indianapolis
W14848  IN-South Bend

W14931  lA-Burlington
W14933  lA-Des Moines
W14943  lA-Sibux City
W94910  lA-Waterloo

W13984  KS-Concordia
W13985  KS-Dodge City
W23065  KS-Goodland
W13996  KS-Topeka
W03928  KS-Wichita

W93820  KY-Lexington
W93821  KY-Louisville
                              233

-------
 W13935  LA-Alexandria
 W13970  LA-Baton Rouge
 W03937  LA-Lake Charles
 W12916  LA-New Orleans
 W13957  LA-Shreveport

 W14764  ME-Portland

 W14739  MA-Boston
 W14756  MA-Nantucket
 W94746  MA-Worcester

 W94849  MI-Alpena
 W94847  Mi-Detroit
 W14826  Mi-Flint
 W94860  Mi-Grand Rapids
 W14836  Mi-Lansing
 W14 840  MI-Muskegon
 W14847  Ml-Sault Ste Marie

 W14913  MN-Duluth
 W14918  MN-Int Falls
 W14922  MN-Minneapolis
 W14925  MN-Rochester

 W03940  MS-Jackson
 W13865 -MS-Meridian

 W13983   MO-Columbia
 W13988   MO-Kansas City
 W13994   MO-Saint Louis
 W13995   MO-Springfield

 W24033   MT-Billings
 W24143   MT-Great Falls
 W24144   MT-Helena
 W24153   MT-Missoula

 W14935   NE-Grand Island
 W24023   NE-North Platte
 W14942   NE-Omaha
 W24028   NE-Scottsbluff

 W24121   NV-Elko
 W23154   NV-Ely
 W23169   NV-Las Vegas
 W23185   NV-Reno
W24128   NV-Winnemucca

W14745   NH-Concord
                              234

-------
W93730  NJ-Atlantic City
W14734  NJ-Newark

W23050  NM-Albuquerque
W23043  NM-Roswell

W14735  NY-Albany
W04725  NY-Binghamton
W14733  NY-Buffalo
W14732  NY-New York
W14768  NY-Rochester
W14771  NY-Syracuse

W93729  NC-Cape Hatteras
W13881  NC-Charlotte
W13723  NC-Greensboro
W13722  NC-Raleigh-Durham
W13748  NC-Wilmington
W93807  NC-Winston-Salem

W24011  ND-Bismarck
W14914  ND-Fargo
W94014  ND-Williston

W14895  OH-Akron Canton
W14820  OH-Cleveland
W14821  OH-Columbus
W93815  OH-Vandalia
W94830  OH-Toleda
W14852  OH-Youngstown

W13967  OK-Oklahoma City
W13968  OK-Tulsa

W94224  OR-Astoria
W24225  OR-Medford
W24155  OR-Pendleton
W24229  OR-Portland
W24232  OR-Salem

W14737  PA-Allentown
W14860  PA-Erie
W14751  PA-Harrisburg
W13739  PA-Philadelphia
W94823  PA-Pittsburgh
W14777  PA-Scranton
W14778  PA-Williamsport

W14778  RI-Providence
                              235

-------
W13880   SC-Charleston
W13883   SC-Columbia
W03870   SC-Greenville-Spart.

W14936   SD-Huron
W14944   SD-Sioux Falls

W13877   TN-Bristol
W13882   TN-Chattanooga
W13891   TN-Knoxville
W13893   TN-Memphis
W13897   TN-Nashville

W13962   TX-Abilene
W23047   TX-Amarillo
W13958   TX-Austin
W12919   TX-Brownsville
W12924   TX-Corpus Christ!
W13960   TX-Dallas
W23044   TX-E1 Paso
W03927  .TX-Fort Worth
W12945   TX-Houston
W23042   TX-Lubbock
W23023   TX-Midland
W12917   TX-Port Arthur
W23034   TX-San Angelo
W12921   TX-San Antonio
W12912   TX-Victoria
W13959   TX-Waco
W13966   TX-Wichita Falls

W24127   UT-Salt Lake City
                              236

-------
W14742  VT-Burlington

Wl3 7 3 3  VA-Lynchburg
W13737  VA-Norfolk
W13740  VA-Richmond
W13741  VA-Roanoke
W13743  VA-Washington Nat AP

W24227  WA-Olympia
W24233  WA-Seattle
W24157  WA-Spokane
W24243  WA-Yakima

W13866  WV-Charleston
W13729  WV-Elkins
W14898
W14920
W14837
W14839

W24089
W24018
W24021
W24029
WI-Green Bay
WI-La Crosse
WI-Madison
WI-Milwaukee

WY-Casper
WY-Cheyenne
WY-Lander
WY-Sheridan
                              237

-------
                            APPENDIX G

                      PROGRAM ERROR MESSAGES


Error messages  which may occur when running DBAPE can be grouped
into two  classes.   The first being those messages related to the
system  on which DBAPE is being run.  These usually occur because
the  system  has . not  been  properly  configured  (or  cannot  be
configured) to run DBAPE.  The  second class is related to DBAPE not
being able to function properly due to missing files.
Error Message
Error in DBAPE
Error number 4001
(PC specific)
Program too big to
fit in memory
(PC specific)
      System Errors

Explanation         Correction
Your machine is not Locate  a  machine  which
configured with a   has  a  math  coprocessor
math coprocessor.   or get  a  math
                    coprocessor.

Your machine is not Remove any memory
configured with     resident programs
enough available    loaded at machine
memory.             start up.

                    Verify your machine  has
                    640k of memory.
Error Message
ERROR opening
selected soils
data base(??).
(??—soil category)
       DBAPE  Errors

Explanation
DBAPE is not able
to locate the
specified data
base
Correction
Use  the  CREATE  program
to  generate  the  needed
data base and make
sure it is in the same
directory as DBAPE.
                               238

-------
                             GLOSSARY

assist mode - one of the three communication modes used in DBAPE;
the assist mode enables entry of data into the user scratch pad

assistance window - four-line,  middle  window of  standard DBAPE
screen; may  display heilp, limits,  status,command  definitions ro
scratch pad contents

available water - soil moisture  which is useful to plants; i.e.,
the difference between field capacity and wilting point

command line - line at bottom of  screen which displays the current
available commands

command mode - one of the  three communication modes used in DBAPE;
the command mode enables screen exit, management of the assistance
window and manipulation of the data window

data mode - one of the three communication modes used in DBAPE; the
data mode enables entry of data or selection of menu options in the
data window

data screen - a  screen  which prompts the user for  data  entry by
form fill-in in the data window

data window - top window of standard DBAPE screen displaying up to
14 lines of data

field capacity - moisture content of a soil after free drainage has
removed the gravity watier

FTPS code  -  a  set of numeric codes  which uniquely  identify each
county and state in the United States

hydrologic group - one of the four  soil  groups (A,  B,  C,  D)  used
by the SCS to classify the relative tendency of a soil to produce
infiltration in response to  precipitation  (A  = highest tendency,
D = lowest tendency)

instruct window - bottom window of standard DBAPE screen displaying
(1)  instructions  for next  keystroke or  (2)  error messages  for
incorrect keystrokes
                               239

-------
menu  screen - a  screen which prompts the  user  for decisions by
means  of  a  menu in the  data window

pressure  head -  height that a column  of water would attain in a
manometer placed at a given point in a  fluid column; pressure head
versus saturation  relationship is needed to solve the equation for
unsaturated flow

relative  permeability - ratio of effective permeabilty at a given
saturation  to effective  permeability  at residual  wetting fluid
saturation

residual  saturation - residual water content divided by the total
saturation

residual  water content - fraction of  soil pore space  which is
filled with water  after gravity flow has completed

saturation  - percent of total  available soil  pore space which is
occupied  by water

saturated hydraulic conductivity  - soil-dependent property which
measures the rate of movement of water through  the subsurface which
occurs at total saturation (hence, the maximum rate of movement)

scratch pad - a file which the DBAPE user may call up at any time
during an interactive session in order  to write or review personal
notes  nad reminders

solum  - the upper  part  of a soil profile, above the C horizon, in
which  the processes of soil formation are  active.   The  solum in
soil  consists of   the  A, E,  and  B  horizons.   Generally,  the
characteristics of the material in these  horizons are unlike those
of the underlying material.   The living roots and plant and animal
activities  are largely  confined to the solum.

subsoil soil zone  - the part of the solum below plow depth (the B
horizon)

substratum  soil zone - the part of the soil below the solum

surface soil zone  - the A, E, Ab, and EB horizons of the solum

text screen -  a  screen which reports the results of  analysis or
estimation  operations

texture class - one of 12 classes of soils (e.g.,  sandy loam) based
on the relative proportions of sand, silt and clay (see Table B.I
for a  full  list of  soil texture classes)
                               240

-------
wilting point - soil moisure content at which plants can no longer
extract sufficient water  from the soil  for growth

window - either (1)  one of the three bordered subareas of the DBAPE
screen  where information  is  exchanged  (data window,  assistance
window, instruction window)  or (2) a  field (1- or 2-D)  within the
data window  which is  specified using the WINDOW command in order
to expedite  repetitive;  operations during data entry
                                241
                                  S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1990— 758-159/ 00416
                                 US.

-------
/

-------