USER'S GUIDE TO
FLEX
FLEXBLE MEMBRANE LINER ADVISORY
EXPERT SYSTEM :
VERSION 3.0
Prepared'byL
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Center for Environmental Research Information
Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory
Cincinnati OH
February 1990
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USER EVALUATION FORM
Meiil to: Daniel Greathouse
Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
. 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr.
Cincinnati, OH 45268
We hope that you've enjoyed using FLEX and would appreciate
if you would take a few minutes to fill out and return this
evaluation form. Your specific responses will help us refine
and improve the system. ' ' •
1. What kind of problems did you have, if any, in installing the system?
2. Did you experience difficulties in using the system? If so, what were
they and. under what circumstances did they occur? . T
a. Were the onscreen directions clear and accurate-?/,If;: not, 'where
specifically could they be improved?
4. Were you able to print out your work without difficul'ty? r£ not, what
kinds of problems did you experience? .-
5. Please write any additional comments:
Name
Organiz at ion
Street ' ; . ; .___
City State L_ziP.
Phone Date _,
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DISCLAIMER
The system described herein., was developed under contract for the United States
Environmental Protection Agency. A review of this system by the Agency has yet to be
completed. Information obtained through the use of this system should not be presumed.
to represent U.S. EPA.policy and no official endorsement should be inferred. This system
is not a, substitute for review of EPA Metiod 9090 data or RCRA Part B applications by
authorized regulatory personnel. '--'.?•.
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TECHNICAL SUPPORT
If you encounter a'problem in using FLEX, version 3.0, we suggest that you first review the
relevant part of this user's guide.,If after doing so, you continue to have difficulty, please
contact Expert System Software Support:
Daniel Greathouse
Risk, Reduction Engineering Laboratory
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency '
26 W Martin Luther King Dr.
Cincinnati, OH 45268
(513) 569-7885 or FTS 684-7885
When you call he prepared to describe the specific system operation and the history of
responses to the system during the run which led to the problem experienced.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
COMMENT CARD ;
DISCLAIMER H
TECHNICAL SUPPORT ih
CONTENTS Jj
1.0 INTRODUCTION l
1.1 EPA Method 9090 and FLEX 1
1.2 Hardware Requirements 2
13 Contents of the FLEX System 2
1.4 Installing the System ' ' 3
1.5 Starting the Program 3
1.6 Introductory Screens 3
2.0 RUNNING THE SYSTEM 4
2.1 The Menuing System 4
2.2 The Main Menu 4
3.0 DATA ENTRY, 6
3.1 Enter General Informatibn 6
3^'Enter".EFA.1Method69090:itestdiMa^'.;:<. 7
3.2.1 The Parameter Menu and Data Sheets 7
4.0 ANALYSIS 11
4.1 Data Analysis and Report Generation 11
4.1.1 Report Selection Menu" 11
4.1.2 Outpur Selection Menu 11
42 Conclusion Generation .and the Rule Base ..--.• 12
5.0 FILE MANAGEMENT 14
5.1 Organizing and Managing Your Data Sets with FLEX 14
5.2 The Load existing data set Option 14
53 The Save data set Option 14
5.4 Hie Change current drive Option 15
5.5 The Change current directory Option 15
5.6 The Remove a data set from memory Option 15
5.7 The Delete data set Option 15
5.8 The EXTT Option 16
6.0 SAMPLE FLEX SESSION 17
6.1 Sample and Practice Consultation 1.7
6.2 Sample Summary Report 40
7.0 TROUBLESHOOTING 46
6.1 Error Messages ' 46
Software Support 46
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APPENDIX A
UNER PARAMETERS UNITS and TEST DIRECTIONS 47
APPENDIX B :
LINER TEST METHODS as of DECEMBER 19E9 \ 50
APPENDIX C
LINER NSF STANDARDS ! 52
APPENDIX D
FLEX SYSTEM LIMITS on INPUT DATA 53
APPENDIX E
LINER "Rulebase" FLOWCHARTS 55
HDPE liner 55
PVC liner , ; .55
CSPE-R liner , 74
Jf;::,'-*-.,V-
*&\
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 EPA Method 9090 and FLEX
FLEX short for Flexible Liner Evaluation eXpert, is a computer program that assists in
the interpretation of data from EPA Method 9090 tests. The U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency uses Method 9090 as the standard test for determining the chemical compatibility
of flexible membrane liners used in solid waste containment applications. In testing Method
9090, a portion of the liner is immersed in actual or synthesized leachate1 for 120 days. The
leachate's composition is representative of the chemical composition which .the liner is
expected to encounter in the containment application. Various physical properties are
measured prior to immersion and at 30 day intervals throughout the 120 day immersion
period. Changes and trends in the data are then analyzed to determine whether the
leachate has interacted with the liner in any way that could compromise the -liner's integrity
as a containment barrier. For example, if the analysis identifies an increase in the weight
of a. sample after immersion, this could indicate that leachate has been absorbed by the
liner, rendering the liner unfit for the proposed installation. •
The FLEX system (see Figure 1-1 for FLEX flowchart) uses artificial intelligence techniques
to analyze selected EPA Method 9090 test results; The program's design enables the system
ta quickly run .the 9090 test .data, through a large number of , rules, representing conventional
liner standards. It,then generates a report detailing, data omissions, inconsistencies,, and any
• indications: that the liner- may be unsuitable for containment of the test leachate or a
chemically similar substance. This system can analyze data for three common flexible
membrane liner materials:
• Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
•Reinforced Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene (CSPE-R)
The FLEX system is designed to run on an IBM PC AT or compatible computer. "Option
menus" and on-screen instructions are displayed at turning points throughout the program,
guiding the user every step of the way (please refer to 6.0 Sample Flex Session for screen
representations). These "Option menus" present sets of available procedures that can be
selected directly from the menu screen. Each menu screen provides instructions detailing
the available options and the keystrokes required to execute'them, Only a basic familiarity
with the computer keyboard is needed to run the program. The operator should, however,
have an understanding of EPA Method 9090 test procedures.
The FLEX system is a useful tool for reviewing EPA Method 9090 test results. It should
be noted that the program is designed to provide assistance to those responsible for
evaluating Method 9090 test results. Under no circumstances should the recommendations
of FLEX be considered absolute; especially in the case that the system finds no problems
with the test results. FLEX is not a substitute for a review of the test results by a human.
professional. Rather, FLEX is a screening tool geared for use by those familiar with flexible
membrane liner testing and EPA Method 9090. The system can rapidly scan data sets and
pinpoint inconsistencies in the test data and test results which suggest that the liner is
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substandard or incompatible witit the expected waste composition* In addition, the
conclusion report can be used as a supporting document in the decision process when the
reviewer concurs with the rational proposed by the system. In these capacities, FLEX can
save time, reduce oversights, and enhance the consistency of Method 9090 test reviews.
1.2 Hardware Requirements
In order for the FLEX system to run on your computer, your machine must contain certain
components and be configured properly. The following components are necessary in order
•to run FLEX: ;
" An IBM Personal Computer AT or compatible
* A minimum of 640K bytes of RAM memory ;
" only 1.2m disk drive
* DOS version 3.0 or higher
" A fixed disk drive with, at,ieast,,L5. megabytes of,free, space
* Optionally; a pjinter-con^g^etEas^ system device PRT«F
NOTE: Although your computer may have 640K bytes of memory, memory resident
programs in the .CONFIG.SYS or the AUTOEXECBAT files may use some of this
memory. The FLEX installation program alerts, you if insufficient free memory is present
to start the system. :
13 Contents of the FLEX System
In addition to this manual, the FLEX system includes one double sided, high density 5 1/4"
diskette. This FLEX System Disk should contain the files:
'INSTALLEXE
•FLECEXE
•SAMPLERFLX
• SAMPLE? JLX
•SAMPLECFLX ' r
The three .FLX files are sample files which are representative of the three liner types which
are analyzed by the FLEX system - HDPE, PVC, and CSPE-R. Section 6.0 SAMPLE FLEX
SESSION in this manual examines the >SAMPLEHJrLX* data set.
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1.4 Installing the System ,
Before FLEX can be installed on a .personal computer system, the system must have-the
necessary configuration to support the program. See section 12 Hardware Requirements,
for a list of the necessary system components. If all of the listed components are present,
you are ready to install FLEX. Simply place the FLEX System Disk in the A: diskette
drive. At the DOS prompt type . A: INSTALL then press the Bntar key. At this point
the installation routine will ask for a disk drive on which to install the system. The user
should specify the identifying letter of the disk where FLEX is to reside. The default (C:)
is specified simply by pressing Entar. !The installation program will now create a
subdirectory to store the FLEX program ccjde. The default subdirectory is \FLB2C. The
default can be accepted simply by pressing Enter or the user may type an alternative. If you
already have a version of FLEX installed on the machine, you may receive the message
Unabl* to craata directory. This is not a problem but signifies that the copy of the
program on the fixed disk is being replaced by the version on the installation floppy. When
the installation program terminates, you are ready to run, FLEX, Type FLEX then press
Eat«r to run the system.
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1.5 Starting the Program
To start a FLEX session, the subdirectory that contains the FLEX files must be the .current
directory. The current directory>;is^sefc^tn^^ The FEEX.iristallation
routine places a batch file, FLEXJ3.AT, in the root directory of fixed disk C: which makes
the FLEX directory current and initiates the program. Thus, if C: \ is in the search path,
FLEX can be run from any directory simply by typing 7LSX at the DOS prompt. This
method of starting the system should work on most computers. If it does not, use the
following sequence of commands to start the program:
C: (press Enter) - Selects the hard disk, C:
CD VFLM (press Enter) - Selects the FLEX directory
TLEX (press Enter) - Starts running FLEX
This sequence of commands assumes that the defaults were accepted when the FLEX was
installed. If the program was installed on a disk other than C: or in a directory cither then
\FLEX, substitute these parameters for the ones shown in command line one and two
above. For more information oa directories, the search path, and entering DOS commands,
see the MS-DOS user's manual that came with your computer.
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1.6 Introductory Screens
Once FLEX is started, the program immediately presents its first screen. A brief disclaimer
appears. Pressing any key clears the disclaimer and produces a FLEX logo screen. This logo
screen is automatically replaced after approximately three seconds or you can continue
immediately to the first menu screen by pressing any key.
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2-Q RUNNING THE SYSTEM
2.1 The Men uing System
Most of the information that the system needs from the user is input through the use of
menus and data sheets. A menu is a list of choices, any one of which may be highlighted and
selected, to perform a specific system function. When the first menu appears on the screen
(the MAIN MENU), the first option listed is displayed in reverse video (dark letters on a
white background). In order to select or highlight a different item, the arrow keys must be
used. The right and down arrow keys move the "selector box" to the next lower item in the
list. The left and up arrow keys move the "selector box" to the previous .item in the list.
When the desired item is selected or highlighted, press the Enter key to execute that option.
As a general rule, the ENTER key enables you ADVANCE in the program and the Escape
key enables you to RETURN to the previous FLEX screen. ;
NOTE: On many keyboards, the arrow keys are shared with numbers on a special keypad.
If no response is generated when the arrow keys are pressed, it may be that the NUM
LOCK is on. NUM LOCK works like CAPS LOCK - it selects between two different
. interpretations of the same key. If NUM LOCK is on,- the arrow keys are being interpreted
• as numeric digits rather tnan:cursoc direction keys. Simply press the NUM LOCK key to
turn off, this, function .andthe^seleetor5blGck;,shouldinowA operate properiyv:
2.2 The MAIN MENU " '
The FLEX flow chart, Figure 1-1, illustrates.the central role of the MAIN MENU in the
puograin's organiTationwTAe MAM MENU, and all-of.the program's screens inclttdeuon,--
screen information. The top of the MAIN MENU screen (see Figure 2-1), for instance,
displays the version number of this installation and the Laboratory (RREL) and location
(Cincinnati) where FLEX was developed The bottom of the screen displays the easy-to-
follow IH8TRUCTIOM8 box (what to do at any given screen - CENTER), the currant
diractoryi that FLEX is using (please refer to 5.4 The Change current drive Option
and 5-5 The Change current directory Option - LEFT) and currant data aat:
information (the file you are using • RIGHT). Once a session or data set has been saved
and reloaded, the MAIN MENU will display the liner type and thickness, the liners
immersion temperature, and the name of the current data set or saved name.
Tide MAIN MENU is the program's central module from which all major commands are
accessed in any order. This first functional screen presents eight commands which can be
organized into three categories: DATA ENTRY, ANALYSIS, and TILS MANAGEMENT.
Each of these categories within the MAIN MENU will be discussed in depth hi forthcoming
chapters in this user's guide. •
The DATA ENTRY category includes the Bntar ganaral information and
Bmtar BPA Mathod 90to taat data options. The first option, Bntar ganaral
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informations allows you to enter general information into FLEX (Le. name, dateT
sitename, etc.) which will appear in the Summary Report The second option, Bator EPA
9090 test data, allows you to select a liner material type, immersion test temperature,
liner thickness, and then presents a PARAMETER MENU' which contains a listing of all
the characteristics of the flexible membrane liner that FLEX is programmed to analyze.
After selecting a parameter and unit measurement, FLEX displays a data sheet in which'the
test data can be entered. For a detailed explanation of this command category refer to 3 0
DATA ENTRY. ~ .
f«L ADVISOR, Version 3.0 HREL, OSEPA ' Cincinnati, Ohio
1 MAIN MENU
Enter general inf oraation
Enter EPA Method 9090 test data,
Analyze data 6 generate report
Load an" existing data, set
Save a data set
Change current drive
Change current directory
• Scaova a data set from unary
Delete a data set file from disJc
EXIT
db IWJCL'ICNS
I. • Use th« arrow keys to highlight the desired, function.
Prtss Enter to execute the function. •
Select EXIT to return to COS.
Current direetoryr.er\FLBC. ! aarent,dat^,
. Figure 2-1
The ANALYSIS category contains the Analyze data i g«n«rat*> raporU option,
which when selected, will instruct FLEX to test the input data and generate a summary
report. After selecting this command, the user has the option to select the type of
information they would like to generate (input information, conclusion information, or both)
and the type of output they would prefer (screen, printer, or textfile)» Please refer to :4.0
ANALYSES for further information.
The TILS XAXAGZXSHT category includes the remaining commands from the MAIN
MENU: Load aa «xi»ting data s«t, ffav« or cr«at« * data ««t,
Chang* currant driva, Chang* currant directory/ R«nov« a data »«t
from aaaory, 0«l«t« a data s«t fii« in DOS, and Exit. These commands give
you the flexibility to manage files or data sets more efficiently, especially when these files
begin to multiply. For further information on these commands or options, please refer to
5.0 FILE MANAGEMENT.
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3.0 DATA ENTRY
3.1 Enter General Information
While the main intent of this system is to generate a comprehensive analysis of the three •
FML liner's provided by FLEX, the Enter general information option is a valuable
way to store all the additional information-needed to produce a well-rounded analysis report
with FLEX. It is strongly suggested that the Enter general information option be
used as the fjisi option when beginning a session with FLEX unless you intend to •specify
a drive and directory for your FLEX data set storage (please refer to 5.4 The Change
current drive Option and 5.5 The Change current directory Option), in which case you
would immediately follow-up with this option. After selecting this option, a screen will
appear with the following information to respond to:
*, Enter your name in the space provided:
* Enter today's date in the space-provided:
* Enter the sitename in .the space provided:
* Enter a project I.D. in the space provided:
A blinking black cursor in a white box ("text box") will appear behind the first inquiry. You
are now ready to, type information into this box. Any type of text from the keyboard may be
used (r.e. symbols, upper or lower-case, numbers, etc.). Each "text box" or cell on page;
(screen) t: and T has a Tnarirrmm spar» of 7Q rhqr^^reprO"ldf
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* Describe &09-0 Method opt ion's* t3tat? were not followed:
* Describe incorrectly performed lab procedures:
* Describe flaws in Lab, specimens:
* Describe qualitative lab observances:
The screen format is the same on all four pages with corresponding "text boxes" for each '
inquiry and an INSTRUCTION box on the bottom of the screen. The same rules for
entering text, skipping; a "text box", editing and deleting text, and moving among "textboxes"
apply, with one exception, pages 3 & 4 will now handle up to 7T,cbaracters. When all the
desired information has been entered for each inquiry and the 'Enter "key is pressed at the
last "text box" of the last page, FLEX will return to the MAItfMENU. _""
3 JL Enter EPA Method 9090 test data
As you can see from the FLEX flowchart Figure 1-1, the Enter EPA Method 9090 test data
option is the second of the two DATA ENTRY options. This is where all pertinent liner type
information is collected (via MENUS) and test results are entered.
I
After selecting this option, you will be asked to select from three common flexible
membrane liner materials from the LINER SELECTION MENU, they are:
* High Density Polyethylene (HOPE)
* Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
* Reinforced Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene (CSPE-R)
Note: CSPE-R is also referred to as Reinforced Hypalon.
Only one flexible membrane liner material may be selected with each FLEX session. After
selecting the liner material, you will--beprompted-bythe Temperature SelectioE Menu to
select either Degrees Fahrenheit or Degrees Celsius for liner immersion test input Once
a temperature unit is entered, FLEX will prompt you for the immersion test temperature
in the "text box" provided. A similar prompt will appear asking you to input the nominal
immersion test gauge thiAn»« (in mil*;) and will also provide a "text, box" for this
information. After this is entered, the PARAMETER 8BLSCTXOM MMTO (see Figure 3-1)
appears and the information you have just entered Le., liner type / scrim type (CSPE-R
only) / thiricne»? and temperature w/ degrees Fahrenheit or Celsius, appears on the left
and right upper portions of the screen.
3.2.1 The Parameter Selection Menu and Dal* Sheets
The PARAMETER SELECTION MENU contains a list of all the characteristics of the flexible
membrane liner that FLEX is programmed to analyze. The Flex flowchart, Figure 1-1,
contains the parameter listings for each flexible membrane liner. HDPE, PVC, and CSPE-
R. Once one of the parameters from the' PARAMETER SELECTION KBHU is selected a
UNIT SELECTION MENU, which contains unit measurements options and/or ar TEST
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DIRECTION MBNU containing machine
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erase the contents of a cell without inserting a new value, select that cell and then press tire
Pi key. When all values have been entered for a particular data sheet (the data sheet need
not be completely filled), press the- Escatp* key to return to the PARAMETER SELECTION
MENU.- If no more parameters are desired, press Escape again to return to the MAIN
MENU.
Space, is provided on the sheet for five test replicas for each time period. If, however, less
than five, replications are reported or data for a certain.time/period^is-rmissing,. theasystem.
will perform the analyses to the best of its ability. NSF recommends five.replicates, while
EPA recommends three replicates. If data for a-particular parameter is insufficient to run
one or more of the analyses, a message to phis effect will be printed in the output report.
There is no way to include more data than can be contained oh a single input sheet for any
parameter. ' ",
••uJi. . I".
There are two different formats for data sheets, Non-Destructive and Destructive:
fML ADVISCR, Vcisicn 3.0- FREX, USEPA Cincinnati, ct-do
Lintr: HDEE (80.KOS) , Ttapirature: 23 DECREES CSISItB
Rtranvtcr:,mijiw , . . , unit: CZNUMSIHS
INPUT: _ • .
aansrir ray 3
arrow }ay* to aawt twtuMn calls. PKMB Fl to
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each time period and that the dimensions are recorded both before and after
immersion. At this, point, pressing the Flo key will produce a graphic representation
of the percent change between- the control sample and the test-sample- for each
column in the data sheet. '.
FML ADVISOR, Version 3.0 RREL, USEPA Cincinnati, Chic
Liner: HDPE (80 MILS) • Teaperature: 23 riPt^in-v CELSIUS
Parameter: TEHSH2 biKhNUlH AT Y2ZLD Chit: PCCJNDS/INCH OF WIDTH
OTPOT:
MACHINE OCNUDL DAY 30 DAY 60 DAY 90 - DA* 120
DIRECTION .
Use -the- arrow keys "to move between cells. Press Fl to delete a* cell.
Press F10 to graph data. Press Esc to return to the test direction menu.
current- directoryr C:\FLBC Current data 'set: none
Figure 3-3
Destructive is used with physical property tests Le., strengths, elongations, tear,
puncture, hydrostatic resistancns, elasticities, and adhesions (see Rgure 3-3). This
format has a single control column and a test column for each of the four months of
immersion. The difference in formats is necessary because physical property tests are
destructive and a sample can be measured only once. Changes in physical properties
must be, referenced to the average of control samples. Like the non-destructive
format above, the same capability to produce graphs is provided by pressing the 710
key. These graphs wffl be calculated by the actual values in the test data for each of
the parameter types listed above.
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4.0 ANALYSIS
4.1 Data Analysis and Report Generation
The Analyz* Data and G«nerat« R«port option of the MAIN MENU is used to
perform an analysis of Method 9090 test results previously entered into parameter datar
sheets (see section 33 for information on FLEX data sheets). The analysis subsystem
consists of two menus, a "rule base", and a data browser. When this option is activated from
the MAIN MENU, the system first checks for data in the data sheets. If no results have been
. entered into any of the data sheets, no analysis can be performed; The system displays a
message to this effect, and control is returned to the X&XK MENU. If, however, this option
is selected and data has been entered, the REPORT SELECTION MENU and the OUTPUT
SELECTION MENU appear respectively. The operation of these^menus. is,describedbrtwo
subsequent sections of this chapter. After the REPORT SELECTION option is made,-,
FLEX begins to assemble the output report General information is listed in the output
whenever it has. been entered (please refer'to 3.1 Enter General Information for description.
of fields). Input data,, conclusion text, or both are listed.,,as options in the output report
according to the choice made at the REPORT SELECTION MENU. Likewise, the destination
of the output report is determined by the choice made at the OUTPUT SELECTION MENU.
As can'be seen, the output report generated by. the system can take a variety of forms
depending,upon.user,preferences, specified via these two menus.
4.1.1 Report Selection Menu
This menu allows the user to specify the type of output desired:
* Output ta« input data
* Output th« conclusion .
* Output input daita & conclusion
"Input data" refers to the values within each parameter data sheet. These values are included
in the output report, if and only the first or third option is chosen at the REPORT
SELECTION XEHU. The 'conclusion" refers to the collection of text that results from
applying the input data to the "rule base" (please refer to Section 4.2 Conclusion Generation
and the Rule Base, for an explanation of the function and operation of the FLEX system
rule bases). The conclusion text is included in the output, if and only the second or third
option is chosen at the REPORT SELECTION MENU.
Pressing B»c at the REPORT SELECTION MENU returns control to the Mianr MENU.
4.L2 Output Selection Menu
This menu allows the user to specify the,destination of the output report Available options
are: .
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'•'' -!->- ' • *>;• -^ . ' '
* Display th« output r«port on th« screen
* Print th« output r»porfc on system printer
* Save the output report as a text file
The Display the output report on the screen option presents the output report
to the user on the computer video display. General information and, input data, if present,,
are displayed in the output window. The user is prompted to press a key in order to move
from one screen to the next. The output report is displayed in the data browser. The data
browser is a window which allows the user to scroll backward and forward through the
output report using the up and down arrow keys or the PgUp (page up) and PgDn (page
down) keys. ,PgUp and PgDn scroll the text a full page in the specified direction. Pressing
Esc while in the browser will return you to the OUTPUT SELECTION MENU.
The Print the output report on systea printer option sends the conclusion
text to the system printer (DOS device PRN). If for some reason, the printer is not ready
to accept information (not turned on, out of paper, etc.), the FLEX system will display an
error message and give the- user a chance to correct the problem. Alternatively, the user
may press Esc to cancel the print command and return to the OUTPUT SELECTION
MENU. ' ,
The Save the output report as a text file option allows the user to save the
output report to a disk, file:in ASCII format. ASCE is the code used by, DOS to store text. *
AJso, most word processors have the ability to rearf'ASCn files. Thus by skvingthe output1
report to disk,- it can be edited and/or inserted into other documents (for example, a
response to the applicant). This option provides a method to save the text of an analysis.
Note that this saves only the text of the output report and not the structure of the data
sheets that were input to generate the conclusion. Section 52 describes how to save a
Method 9090^ data,, set so, that it caa be. reloaded^^^
analyses. When the user selects this option, FLEX prompts for a file name. The name
entered must be a legal DOS file specification; Legal file names are described in the MS-
DOS user's guide. If the file name specified already exists, the system will prompt the user
to verify that the file is to be overwritten or optionally allow the user to change the specified
file name. The extension .OUT will automatically be concatenated to the file name you
create but should not be specified when saving the output report as a text file.
Pressing Boo at the CUTOUT SELECTION MENU will return the system to the REPORT
sisLscrroarMDTO.
4.2 Conclusion Generation and the Rule' Base
Although FLEX can be used simpry as a record keeping system for Method 9090 test results,
the primary benefit of using the system is to allow the computer to perform a rapid
screening of the test results in order to reduce oversights and increase review consistency.
To accomplish this FLEX contains a number of rules which specify what may be
unacceptable changes in liner properties in the context of Method 9090 testing. When a
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conclusion is requested via the REPORT SELECTION KURT, one of three sets of rules is
selected based upon the liner material type, specified in the LIMBS. SELECTION KENT;.
The test results are first checked for compliance with applicable National Sanitation
Foundation standards (please refer to APPENDIX C - LINER NSF STANDARDS). Next,
rules are applied to see if changes in the reported test values exceed reasonable limits as.
determined through interviews with liner manufacturing and testing experts. If changes, in.
the. test values for a specific parameter are: found to be within these limits of variation, then
values produced, by a quadratic regression of the data are checked against another set of
limits to determine if there is a trend toward an excessive, change in a parameter. In
addition, data is checked for both completeness,,and consistency. The rules which
incorporate these data checks (per liner type) are shown in the form of a flowchart in
Appendix E.
The results of these quantitative analyses are subsequently expanded into English
descriptions. These descriptions are then concatenated into a report which details any
failure of the data to meet the listed criterion. In addition, justifications are provided to
explain how this interpretation of the given data was reached and why this condition may
or may not indicate a potential for failure of the liner system. This conclusion is optionally
combined with General Information and- Input Data and reported according to the option
selected in the OUTPUT SELECTION XENTJ.
-------
5.0 FILEMANAGEMENT
5.1 Organizing and Managing Your Data Sets with, FLEX
The remaining seven choices provided by the MAIH MBKD are the; Load an existina
data sat, sava a data sat, Chang* currant driva, Changa currant
directory, Remova a data sat from mamory, Oalata a data sat fii«
from DOS, and BUT options. These functions enable the user to effectively manage sets
of Method 9090 test results. Thus, the information entered in a FLEX session can be stored
on and reloaded from a selected disk drive and directory of your choosing. In this wav
results of a test need not be completely entered at one sitting. In addition, the'reviewer can
backup test results for future reference. "
52 The Load existing data set Option
VThen Load an axisting data set is executed, a menu of the available data files
is presented. This menu differs from the other menus described in this manual in that it
displays up to six columns of choices as opposed to a single column. However, the process
of using the arrow keys and the Enter key to move the selection block and choose the
desired option is the same i.e., use the arrow keys to move the highlight block" to the desired
data set name and press- Enter «r load the data. FLEX data sets are distinguished from
other files, in...the.- directory by their, .PLS extension. Normally, only files created by the
FLEX Sara a data sat option should have this extension. After data, is loaded,
control is returned to the MAMr MEHO~ and the user has the option of performing any
operation exactly as if the data had been entered from the keyboard.
SJf the Save data set Option
Tie Sava a data a«t option creates a disk^^ file which contains acopy of the Method
9090 data currently in use. Note that this function saves only the input data and not the text
of the conclusion. The analysis must be re-run in order to obtain the conclusion from a
saved data set. When this option is executed, the system will prompt for the name of the
data set. This name should consist of up to eight characters each of which is either an.
alphabetic letter or a numeric digit. If more than eight characters are entered, only the first i
eight are used. Specifically, this creates a file in the current directory of the current disk
with this name and a . TUL extension (this extension should not be specified when saving
the current data set). In this way, the current data set can be referenced in the future
without re-entering the test results. If a data set with the specified name already exists,
FI-EX will ask you to verify that this file should be overwritten. If you respond TBS, the
data in memory wOI be transferred to this file and the previous contents of the file will be
lost. If you respond no, FLEX gives the user another opportunity to enter the data set •
name. A complete explanation of file names and extensions is provided in the MS-DOS i
user's guide.
-------
.
5.4 The Change current drive Option
The Chang* currant drive option allows you to communicate directly with, DOS from
within FLEX and is an excellent way for you, to organise your data set files. Selecting this
option at the beginning of a FLEX session, and then selecting a drive from the Drive
S«l*ction M*nu, will allow you to save your data sets to and load your data sets from
either floppy disk (A: or B:) or a-hard drive (C:, D:, E:, F: G:) supported by your computer.
Because your data sets will only be saved to the current directory of these drives, you may
follow-up this option with the Chang* currant directory option (please refer to 5.5)
to further refine and personnalize the "location" of your saved data sets via a directory.
5.5 The Change current directory Option
The Chang* currant directory option should be used in conjunction with the
Chang* currant driv* option (except for the default C: drive where this option can
be selected directly from the HAIN MEHP) to direct your data set to a directory of your
choice. In order for this option to function, the directory you are saving your data set to or
loading it from, must, already have been created in DOS. When you begin a session with
•FLEX and.select your drive via the Chang* currant drive option, select the Chang*
current directory option to enter a new directory other than the FLEX directory.
FLEX will, then, be? directly linkexLlo,;me;selected;draeiory throughout the session. If you
type in a directory while one is already in use or one that has not been created a ' That
diractory does not exist. Praia* Esc to cancel or aay other key to
r*try* message will appear. . <
5.6 The Remove a data set from memory Option
The Remove a data set from memory option deletes all the FLEX data currently
residing in memory. This option can be used after running an analysis to clear all the test
data prior to entering another data set. This option also removes from memory all
information concerning the liner type and the data set name. USE THIS OPTION WITH
CARE! If this option is executed and the parameter data has not previously been saved,
this information cannot be retrieved.
5.7 The Delete date set Option
The Delete a data sat file in DOS option allows the removal of FLEX data sets
from a disk. It may happen that a data set which was saved to disk is no longer required.
Deleting unwanted data sets will increase the amount of free space on the disk so that more
information may be stored there. To delete unwanted data sets, choose this option from the
MAIN MZH1T. Use the arrow keys to move the highlight block to the unwanted data set
name and press Enter to delete. USE CAUTION WITH THIS PROCEDURE.
-------
DELETED DATA SETS CANNOT BE REPLACED. This function performs exactly the
same function as the DOS dal and arasa commands. However this, function is
preferable because it is menu driven and therefore easier to use.
5A The EXIT Option
The EXIT option should be selected when you want to leave FLEX. Be sure you have
saved your data set before selecting this option (please refer to 53). Once you have entered
any input into the FLEX system and select the BUT option from the MAIM MENU a Data
has baen aditad but not savad. Tna currant data can ba stored using
tha sava faatura in th« main aanu. Xra you aura you want to EXIT
without saving changas? (y/n) message will appear. If you have already saved
your data set, type y and press the Enter key to Exit USE CAUTION WITH THIS
PROCEDURE. If you have not saved your data set, a y and Enter key response to this
message will EXIT the FLEX system without saving your session. A "n" and Enter key
response to this message will, return you... to the MAIM MENU to select the Sava data sat
option.
-------
. '17
6.0 SAMPLE FLEX SESSION
6.1 Sample and Practice Consultation
The following is a general description of how the FLEX system works. This section contains
a complete FLEX sample run, including input and analysis, and allows you the user to get
"hands on" experience with FLEX. Before you begin this session, it is strongly suggested that.
you REVIEW THE MANUAL. While, you are working through this session, please follow
along, with the .FLEX, flowchart (Fig, 1-1) in chapter 1. If you want to QUIT this session
at any time, continue, to press the ESCape key until the MAINxMENUt.appears, highlight
EXIT, and press the Enter key. - -
In the sample session, you will begin by retrieving a ^partially completed data set called
"SAMPLER". You will be instructed to select a liner type, enter its immersion temperature,
gauge, input test data on the width of the liner, correct improperly entered data, examine
parameter data, and save the revised data set
During this sample session: -
REGULAR text indicate comments about FLEX'
ITALIC text indicate the instructions;for the user to type
NOTE: Remember that pressing the ESCape (Esc) key at any point in the FLEX system
returnsyou to the previous screen. Executing ESCape no more than three times will return
you to the MAIN MENU.
Now Begin Sample .Session:
1. - Starting the system (Be sure FLEX is installed, refer to
1.4 Installing the System)
At th« C: prompt (or whatever disk drive you specified
FLEX to reside on) -
type 'CD \FIET'
I
At the YXKC* prompt
type 'FLEX'
-------
18
The. Disclaimer Screen appears
Tliis is a demonstration copy of a program under development, at the
U.S. Environneneal PiuLection Agency Research Center in Cincinnati,
Ohio. This ptuyidm has not yet undergone Agency review and no official
endorsement of this systeo should be inferred.
PRESS A KEY TO BEGIN THE DEMNSTRftTICN
3.
The; FLEX logo screen appears
Liner Advis
press the 'Enter' key
-------
4.
19
The MAIN MENU appears
FML ADVISOR, Version 3.0
KKtlL, OSEPA
MAIN MENU
Enter general inforaaticn
Efttsr EPA Method 9090 test data
Analyze data s generate'report?-;'
rcwt- an existing data set.
Save a data s«t
Change current drive
Change current directory
Remove a data set Cron memory
Delete a data set tile Crcn disk
EXIT
INb'lMJCl'lCNS
tha arrow Jeeys to highlight the desired function.
Press Enter to execute the function.
I Select J3OT to return to D3S.
Current directoryr Cr\FEEX ' Current data set: nerve
Note that. the,.current , 'data. A«t: is listed as "NONE".
press tJje.,dawrK.3rrav key^&MaiesKto* highlight 'Load* an ^existing data
set' then press 'Enter' to^.select 7t.
FML ADVISOR, Version 3.0 " HREL, USEPA Cincinnati, Ohio
Use arrow keys to lo«d the desired data set. Press Esc to cancel.
SAKPLEP SAMPLEC SAMPLEH
Current direetoryt Ct\rtBX
Current, data aeti none
-------
20
Notice that three data sets currently exist in FLEX -
"SAMPLE?", "SAMFLEC", and "SAMPLEH"; These are sample
files which represent each of: the three liner types which
are analyzed by the FLEX'system. In this sample session
you will examine the HDPE-liner "SAMPLER" data set.
Each time you do a session with FLEX and save it, the
data set name you. have . specified will appear on this
screen when you select the Load existing data set option
from,, the MAIN MENU,. You will find that this is an
important feature when your data sets with FLEX begin to
multiply and you would like to go. back to complete a
partially completed saved data set or go back and edit
a completed saved data set.
press 'right' arrow key.2 times, press 'Enter' to select "SAMPLEH"
FME ADV35CK, Version 3.0 RREL, U5ZPA ' Cincinnati, Ohio
Liner: HKH DOSTK FOI2E33KI2JE (KDFE) Tteperature: none ;
nrrf
Enter general information
Enter £FK Mctncd sogc test data J
Analyze data, fr generate report.,, ',
laadr-an- esdsting"data" set-•' '•'••-• '•
Save a data/isetv..•. •-••'. .. ••
Cnange current, drive-
.Cnange current directory
BeBoye. a data. set. Sraa. memory -
Delete, a data set file fron disk
HOT
2GTHXHCNS
the arrow keys to highlight the desixed function.
, ' Preas Siter to execute the function.
Select EOT to return to DOS.
Current directory! Ci\FIBC —^————— current data set: SSMPUH
NOTE that: the Current data »«t: listed now is "SAMPLEH" -
Remeaber it was pre-inputed for use of this sample
session. When you begin your own session with FLEX the
Current data set: will appear .as "NONE" until you save
it and assign it a data set name of your own choosing.
Now: select the Enter general information option
press up arrow key J times, press 'Enter1 to select 'Enter general
information?
-------
7- - • It is strongly suggested that you use this option first
when entering FLEX to enter all the pertinent information
for the session.
FML ADVISOR, Version--!.-a- RREL,; USEPA Circmnati, Ohio
GENERAL INK2WATICN
Sneer your name in the space provided:
Enter today ls date in the space provided:
Enter the sitenane in the space provided:
Enter a project I.D. in the space provided:
•u*^jHcuA..fc.L\*na ^mmF i • t mmmumuimm
Type responses to the following questions within the highlighted cells
Die the arrow keys to nove between cells. Press Fl to delete a cell "
Press Enter to select a response. Press F2 to move to the next scr**n.
8, Press Esc to return to the. previous scr«en and/or the main menu
Current directory: C:\FLEX .current data sat- <
current data sot: SAMPLER
Notice the. Instruction, box at the bottom of the screen,
it contains all the, information you need: to easily "get
around" to enter and edit your site-specific information.
- Enter your name in space provided:
type 'John Doe' - press 'Enter'
- Enter today's date in space provided:
type 'Dcceaber 15, 1989 - press 'Enter'
- Enter the sitehatme in space provided:
type 'Anywhere, USA' - press 'Enter'
-- Enter a project ID in space provided:
type '218-792' - press 'Enter'
\
Notice you are now on the 2nd page at General information
- Enter the name of test laboratory:
type 'US&A* - press 'Enter'
- Enter the date Method 9090 test begani
type 'August 14, 1989' - press 'Enter'
- Enter the date Method 9090 test ended:
type 'December 12, 1989' - prew 'Enter'
- Enter liner volatile^ content (percent) r
press 'Enter7 to skjip
- Enter liner extract'ables content (percent):
press 'Enter' to skip
-------
22
- Enter the. l.iner specific gravity (ratio) :
type '0.94' - press 'Enter' ' .'.
Notice you are now on the 3rd page of General information
- Describe liner material in detail:
type 'Any American Liner Inc., Non-reinforced High Density
Polyethylene - press 'Enter' ": •
- Describe the type of exposure, tank -.material :
type 'Stain Jess steel tank' • press 'Enter'
- Describe leachate in detail:
type 'Leachate taken from previously filled cell Win Anywhere
USA - press 'Enter'
- Enter frequency of leachate change:
type 'Two times per month' - press 'Enter'
Notice you are now on the 4th and final page of General
information
- Describe 9090 Method options that were not followed:
type 'ATT 909XL ttethod: optfons. were fallowed' - press 'Enter'
- Describe incorrectly performed lab procedures:
type- 'All tests were performed correctly' - press 'Enter'
- Describe flaws in lab specimens:
type 'AIT specfaiefis had1 scratches' - press 'Enter'
ualita*^ -••••'.
type 'ATI tests -followed, QA/QC.
After pressing Enter at the last General information item
notice that the MAIH MENU screen reappears.
FML ACVISCR, Version 3.0 HEEL, USEPX
Liner: HKH DENSITY FCOCTdaE (HDPE) Teflperature: none
MMH MENU
; Cincinnati, Ohio
Enter general information J
Ehter EPA Netted 9O90 te«t data J
Analyze data & generate lefcurt
lead an existing data, set
Save a data see
Oiang* current driw
curzent dixectory
a data set frTB necory
Delete a data set file £rcm disk
EXIT
Do mi«'tu,CKS '
IOte the arrow keys to highlight the deedxed function.
Ptese artar to oeecote the function.
Select EOT to return to COS.
Current directory: C:\flEC ———————— current data set: SAMPLES
-------
9.
i .- 23
Notice the .checkmarks to the right of the Enter general
information option. This indicates that data has been
entered into this option or category (the sample data
you have just entered) . You will notice also that the
Enter EPA Method 9090 test data option has a checkmark
to it's right. This indicates that data has been inputed
into this option of the "SAMPLEH" data set previously
for use of this sample session.
Select It ta examine 'this, data.,
press- 'down' key once, press 'Enter'
HiL",AD7ISCR,r Version 3.0 - ; PREL, USEPA i'
Liner: HIQI DENSIT* POUEUffiaiE (HDEE) l^iperatura: none
I
SKI a.Tictr MENCJ '
Cincinnati, chio
High Density Polytethylene (HDEE)
Polyvinyl Chloride (FVC)
Fabric-reinforced ddorosulronated Balysthyifine (CSEErS).
M7CE: CSEE-R is .also referred to as fteinrorced Hypalcn.
the areow keys to highlight a liner type.
arter ta select the type of liner tested. •
Press Esc to ' •>'TT*n to the miin neru.
Current directory: C:\FISX ; Current data set: SAMEUH
Notice th« liner type High D«n*ity PolY«thyl«n« (HDPE)
has previously been selected, as indicated in the upper
left-hand corner of the screen. A liner type must be
selected from the LXHBR SBLZCTIOir MZMTJ to advance in the
program. Before proceeding, take note of the other screen
format characteristics? the ISSTRUCIIOMfl box, the current
directory! "C: \FLEX" information (please refer to 5.4
The Change current drive Option and 5.S The Change
current directory Option) and current data set:
"SAMPLES" information appearing in the lower part of the
screen, as they will throughout the program, to help
inform and assist you through every step. Notice also the
LINER SELECTION MENO format. Most of the screens in FLEX
will be in MENU type ; format (except data sheets which
will be explained shortly) for easy selection of the
information that FLEX is programmed to analyze.
press 'Enter' to select 'High Density Polyethylene (HOPE)'
-------
1C),
The TEMPERATURE SELECTION MEW: appears.
EML AEWISCR, Version 3.0, REEL, USEPA
Liner: HIGH DENSITY POUE2KIBE (HDEE) Ttenperature: none
24
Cincinnati,; chio'
TSM14JKA1URE SHECTICN MENU
Degrees Fahrenheit
Degrees Celsius
rrr. --
12. -
I Use the. arrow keys to highlight an innersion test tewperature unit. • j
| Press Enter to select the .tenperature unit.
I Rress Esc to return to the liner selection menu.
Current directory: C:\FIBC current data;set: SAMPLES.
press 'Enter' to select 'Degrees Celsius' . \
Enter the IMMERSION TEST TEMPERATURE in the window
provided*, > >
type '23''press 'Enter'' !
5ML ADVISOR, Version 3.0
Iin*r>--HL8!r
OSEEA
»J 23"
Cihciresati, Chio
rer-m \ tu- •
Fahrenheit
fml mir^
Biter tfaa luiaminn test teqperstura in
provixtad: 23
accz ntror
ion test gaug* thicXnenc (in *il*): SO
IType an tssei, n LI..II test thickness in tin
Use ths arrow Tuty* to oove within this cell. Press Fl'to deists ***1« cell.
Press Enter to select a tbickness. Press Esc to exit to the liner asm.
Current directory! C:\FIBC . run_^tf data sst: SMIPIZH
Enter -yie GAUGE INPUT (in mils) in the window; provided.
type '30' press 'Enter'
-------
IKL ADVISCR, Version 3.0 j 5REL, USEPA Cincinnati, Chio
13. - Liner: HDEE (80 KHS) i Twparature: 23 O-GHEES CELSIUS
' PARAMETER SEIZCTIOH MENU :_
width-
length y
thickness J
tensile strength at yield J
tensile strength at break J
elongation at yield J
. elongation at brealc J
tear resistance J
puncture resistance J
modulus of elasticity J
miscellaneous tests J
INSE3JCTKKS
the arrpw keys to highlight a parameter.
I Press Biter to select units and enter test data for that 'parameter.
H Press Esc to return to the main menu.
Current dir
-------
26
Notice a data sheet appears." These are special screens
designed for easy input of Method 9090 test results. You'
may enter, all,-the,!-dafiA in one session, or add or modify
data at a later time as test results come in (once your'•
session .is saved of course) . This particular data sheet
is in a 'Non-Destructive' format and: i;s~ used for the:
parameters Width, Length, ThicJcnes., and Mass for a liner
type. This format has a control column (observed
reference sample values) and a test column -(values from"
sample exposed to leachate) for each of the four months
of immersion. This assumes that a separate sample is"
used for each time period and the dimensions are recorded
both before (control column) and after (test column)
immersion. . '
Width is measured on the right edge, center, and left
edges of the test sample. Data is entered as follows:
When a test method spreadsheet is invoked, the high-
lighted or "text" box appears below CONTRLl. To enter
data for the width at the left edge of the test sample
type the value 26.15 in the'INPUT: box and press Enter'
- The value 26.15 will be placed below COMTW.1 and the
highlighted box will move below DAY 30. Continue
entering data for Width on line one as follows:
DAY 3a COHTRL2 DAY 60 COHTRE3 DAY »0 COMTRL4 DAY 120
25-J5,,,:•••:. 2&jO&L...;-:;?2£».Liv•.... 25~05,,;... • 26!. 1 25.95 26
After entering data for DAY 120 and pressing Inter,
the highlighted box moves below COMTRL1 on line two.
To enter data for the Widta at the center of the test
sample, type, the value. 2**li in the IHFOT*, box
and press Bater. The value 26.is will be placed below"
COMTBL1 on line two and the highlighted box will move
below DAY 30. Continue entering data for width on
line two as follows:
DAY 30 COMTSL2 DAY 60 COIITSL3 DAY »0 COMTSL4 DAY 120
26.05 26.1 25.1 25.05 25.15 25,9 25.20
After entering data for DAY 120 and pressing later,
the highlighted box moves below COKTBL1 on line three.
To enter data for the width at the left edge of the test
•ample, type the value 23.fS in th« X»FDT» box
and press later. The value 23.15 will be placed below
COMTBL1 on line three and the highlighted box will move
below DAY 30. Continue entering data for the Widta on
line three as follows:
DAY 30 COMTRL2 DAY 60 COMTSL3 DAY 99 COHTRL4 DAY 120
25.05 25.05 25.05 25.1 26.1 25.8 25.20
-------
The Control 4 cell has 25.8 on instead of the intended
26.15 cm. To edit it, use the arrow keys, to get back tro"
this slot.
- press 'left' arrow key twice
press 'FT key to delete the cell
type '26.25' then press 'Enter'
NOTE; the, EPA; requires a- minimum of 3 replicates of
completed; lines covering all 4 months of " immersion
testing.-
- press the 'F10' key •
% CHANGE
MONTHS
«B»UCATJON1 • • REPUCATONa • • REPUCATTON3
R&UCM1OM4 *• • REPUCATCN3 m-—•
A. graphic representation of the percent: change between
the control sample and the test sample for each column
in the data sheet appears. Each replication is
represented by its own line color. To get a hardcopy,
press the shift k«y and PrtSc key at the same time or
just press the PrtSc key - depending on the configuration
of your keyboard.
- press 'Esc' key to return t* rfatt sheet
-------
28
PML ADVISOR, Version 3.0
Liner: HOES (80 MILS}
Parameter: WIDTH
EREL, CEZJ&
Taiperatiire: 23
Uhiti
Cincinnati, Ohio
INHJT: 26.1500
CCMI5L1 DAY 30 COHKLZ DAY 60 CCNIRL3 DAY 90 COOTEL4 DAY 120
1) 26.1500
2) 26.1500
3) 25.9500
26.1500
26.0500
26.0500
26.0500 26.1000 26.0500 26.1000 25.9500 26.000O
26.1000 26.1000 26.0500 26.1500 25.9000 26.2000
26.0500 26.0500 26.1000 26.1000 26.1500 26.2000
5) .
Use Backspace to edit and Brtcr to select the current, input value.
Use the arrow keys to move butheeii cells. Press' Fl to delete a'cell.
Press F10 to graph data. Press Esc to return to the ^r^mat-m^- selection menu.
Current: directory: C:\H2C ' Current data set: SKKFLZK
Notice .tlxe format- of,, tiie . Non-destructive data sheet1
screen-. It; like air the" previous screens contain the
INSTRUCTIONS.box, the current directory: information, and
the Cuxraat ' dita; set?: information -' fBOTTOM) '—•.•' and the;
steps- or-information•• th-a-t you have selected
that gets you where you are (TOP) . .
M4M
MEHU
Soar
^~
UNEH
saeenow
MENU
(HOWS
Em*
^^
A
TBWCUTUIK,
sctEcnoN
MENU
(CBJUD
MM0K.7XUT.
09
Encv
^^
OAuge.
MPUT
m
.BMfr
^^
MMMCTO
SEfCTXX
. MENU
(WMtf
Entv.
"•^
UMT
afcmjinx
MENU
0nch«4
AM.
^ ,
BATA
SHEET
1
E«-.;.
^
, .,!
1
1
f
Esc
Esc
Esc
Fig;. S-l;
Pig. 6-1 illustrate these steps and show how to backup
by using the Esc key.
Since we've come to the end of the line for; the parameter
Width go back to the PARAMETER SELBCTIOM XEHU to select
another HOPE parameter*
press 'Esc' key
-------
16
17. .-
18
19. -
_
E«L ACVISOR, Version 3.0 RRH., OSSA Cincinnati., Ohio
Liner: HDPE (80 KHS) Tenperature: 23 DEGREES CELSIUS
111 PARAMETER SZEECHCN MENC — ,—
width y
length y
thickness J
mass y
tensile- SvZangth at yield
tensile' strength at break
elongation at yield J
elongation at break J
tear resistance J
punccuro resistance y
modulus of elasticity J
mi seal lan*mi«; tests y
J
IUse the arrow keys ta highlight a parasKter.
Press Enter to select units and enter test data for that
Press Esc to return to the main menu.
Current directory: C:\F1BC — — — — - — —
— — — - — — — « current data, sett SiMELEH
Notice that the. Width parameter now has. a checkmark to
it's right indicating that it now contains data (the data
that you've just input ed) . Remember , when you begin your
first session with FLEX the program will be completely
empty .of data:'- with NO checkmarks appearing - awaiting
your inpatv..,..,.,, . | ' .. ,.-,.. ...,., ••
Now review the other HDPE parameters L»agth;: Thickness-/
and Ksas which also contain Non-destructive data sheets
and contain pre-inpute.d data for this sample session.
Highlight the parameter 'Length' (with arrow key), then press 'Enter'
At the UNIT SELECTION MENU,
•press 'Enter' to accept uqit highlighted 'centimeters'
View tli« Non-destructive data sheet and previously
entered data. Length data has already been entered in the
SAMPLEH.FLX data set and is measured on the TOP edge, the
CENTER, and the BOTTOM edge of the test sample. Feel free
to examine the data sheet graph by pressing the F10 key.
GO back to the PABAMETXR SELECTION MEHT7 by
pressing the 'Esc' key
Continue these steps (step 16) to view the HDPE
parameters Tfeicloneas and Mass which also contain pre-
inputed data for; this sample session as indicated by
checkmarks.
Now you're ready to examine the HDPE parameter T«nsila
strength at yield.
-------
30
highlight it-, press 'Enter'
20. ' - at ADVISOR, Version 3.0 RREL, USEPA . Cincinnati, Chio
Liner: HDFE (80 MELS) Teaperature: 2J DEGREES CSLSItB'
Parameter: TENSHS STRENGTH AT YIELD Ohit^ FCONDS/SQOARB-JNOF--. ' ••
=—=5*=-=="-<-=>=-=== UNIT SELECTION MENU '
pounds/inch of width
. pounds/square inch
INSTRUCTIONS
Use the arrow keys to- highlight- a unit.
Enter to select the. unit ard enter test data.
II Press Esc to return to the. parameter selection menu
Current directory: c:\FISC • - = - =— ~__ Current, data set: SAMFI2H
At- •
UNIT:;-8BUICCIOH WINEK31T',-
21.
JML ACWISCR, Version 3.0
Liner: HDPE (80 MILS}
: TS6JXS
REEL, U5EEK Cincinnati, Chio
T^jy*i*£^jy^• 33 PBSSITRS tyr A! ft]§
xrrssxa out: watss/syosBmar
— TEST DIRBCHCN HEHC7 ^^•»_•
dlrKtian 7
y !
Poijttn rr\ONS
tt« anew k«ym to highLLgbt a twt dineticn.
to ««l«ct tba tact direction and «tt«r tact data.
: C:\F1ZX ———————— cuiaait darta'art: SMfflZH
At the TEST DIRECTION KKNU,
press 'Enter' to select 'Nachine direction'
-------
31
22.. - . | ••/•...
FML AEWISCR, Version 3.0 RREL, OSEBA Cincinnati,
Liner: HDPE (80 MILS) Tettperature: 23 rin-Lj|.|.v; CELSIUS
Parameter: TEJBUZ STRENGTH AT XIELD Unit: FOUNDS/SQUaRE INCH
UJTOT: 3020. 00
MACHINE CCN1TOL DAi 30 DftX €0 DAY 90 CAY 120
DTRECTICK :
1) 3020.00 3050.00 3090.00 3110.00 3200.00 "
2) 3020.00 3090.00 3110.00 3180.00 3210.00
3) 3030.00 3100.00 3110.00 3150.00 3210.00
4) - — — - —
5) - — - - —
Use Backspace to edit and Enter to select the «-»Ji'r^i'i^ input valua.
Use the arrow keys to neve, between cells. Press Fl to delete a cell.
Press F10 to grarii data. Press Esc to return to the test direction menu.
current directory: Ci\EISC : • Current data set: SAMPLES '
Another data sheet appears .and contains the information
that gets you where.. yofi are (TOP) - and- the INSTRUCTIONS
box, - the Currant 'diractafryr inf orfflation; and currant data
3«t: information* (BOTTOM).,.The data sheet format itself,
however, is different than the prior ones you have
examined. It is a 'Destructive1 format:and is used with
physical .property testing .. to - analyze parameter
classifications of Strangtha, Elongations, Tear and
Puncture rasiatanccs, Blasticiti«s, and Adtoasions
(depending on the liner type you are using - see Fig.3-
2 for liner parameter listings and APPENDIX A) . This data
sheet has a single control column and a test column for
each of the four months of immersion. The difference in
formats is necessary because physical property tests are
destructive and a sample can be measured only once.
Changes in physical properties must be referenced to the
average of the control sample.
Notice that all the cells of the data sheet already
contain previously entered data for this sample session.
Th« same procedures in Step 15 for entering and editing
data within data sheets apply here for input your own
data sheet test results.
press the 'F10' key
-------
POUNDS/SQUARE INCH
32
2.4,
r
MONTHS
REPUCATION 1 • • REPLICATION 2 • • REPLICATION 3
REPUCATION 4 • m REPUCATION 5 • •
Like the Non-destructive data sheet, the Destructive data
sheet has graphics capabilities. Destructive "data sheets,
however, will be calculated by the actual ; values in thei
test data for each of the parameter types listed in Step
20. To get a hardcopy, press the shift key and PrtSc key
at the sane time or just press the PrtSc key - depending.
on,,, the,, configuration,., of,. v,qurulcsy;bjoar.d. ;
press 'Esc' to return: tff> data sheet
press 'Esc' to return to the 'TEST DIRECTION HENU'
EHL ACKflSCR; Vtasion 3VO
Liner: HER (80 MILS)
: SBSTC2
RREL, IMflA ' ;. dminrati, Olio
T*np«rataar»: 23 DECREES CZLSXQS
AT YI2ID Onit: PCCNDS/SCPM5E INCH
mODDOE
QUBKUUt
1)
2)
3)
5)
1 * Ofe
UJflHJL
3020.00
3020.00
3030.00
• tb« am
our 30 ocr «
3050.00 3090.00
3090.00 3110.00
3100.00 3110.00
3W ]<»
" TVfiiai 11' T1
y» f? hirtfili'i
our 90
3110.00
3isa.oo
3150.00
btt a tMt
DHX 120
3200.00
3210. CO
3210.00
•
di—etlcn
curmt
tetar to 3«l«ct tb« twe dixvcticn and «rt«r
%«•• Eac to vxtasi to tb« paraovtar ^•l'T-*'l"n
bDiy: C:\E1BC ««——————
data.
data Mt: SWPIHI
At the TEST DIRECTION MENU,
-------
33
25,
press 'down' arrow key, then press 'Enter' to select the other test
direction option of- 'Transverse direction' *: ~~
Note, only one measurement unit (in this case pounds/
square inch) can be used for both the Machine and
Transverse test direction options.
FHL AD7ISCR, Version 3.0 j RREL, USEPA Cincinnati, Chio
Liner: HDFE (80 MILS) Tanperature: 23 nptscnv CELSIUS
E&ranseter: TENSH2 b'lKhNUiH AT VTTITI Unit: FOGNES/SQUARE DKH
INEOT: 2990.00
DWNSVERSE CCNnOL DRY 30 D&Y 60 DRY 9O DAY 120
DIWUCL'ION
1) 2990.00 3090.00 3110.00 3220.00 3280.00
2} 2990.00 3040.00 3070.00 3190.00 3280.00
3) 2990.00 3070.00 3090,00 3100.OO,, 3130.00
51 —— ———- _ __ ___
Use acfcspaca to «dit and Biter to select the current input value.
Use to* arrow Xeys to nova batman cells. Pren Fl to delete a cell.
Press F10 to graph data. Press Esc to reeum to toe test direction laeru
Current directory: C:\FLEX Current data set:
Another Destructive format data sheet appears with
previously entered, data for this sample session. Notice
here that "Transverse direction,1 appears below the inputs
box along with the other screen attributes which tell you
exactly where you are in the program.
press the 'F10' key to examine the Transverse direction graphic
press 'Esc' key 3 times to return to the 'PARAMETER SELECTIOH MENU'
26. - Hff, ADWSCR, Version 3.0
Llnar: BX5 (80 MILS)
., 05SB&
r*: 23
Cincinnati, Chio
CELSIUS
length
1 PARAMETER SELB3ICH MBKT
J
mmm J
sUajjU* at yield J
tennile atxetijtU at break J
elongation at yield J
elongation at break J
tear resistance J
puncture resistance J
elasticity y
th« arrcw j«ys to highlight a j.taB^jw..
Entsa Qitcr to s«l«ct units and antor tuest data for tftnt porantor.
ftesa &c to return to tha sain BHIU.
currant diractory: C:\EIBC —^———.«,_ currwe data sat: SMK21
-------
27:
34'
At this point feel free to examine the remaining'
parameters-. They also contain previously entered data for
this sample session and < contain" the Destructive data.1.
sheet formats. Remember, '' ' j
press 'Enter' tor ADVANCE* - press 'Esc' to BACKUP ;
If you should inadvertently backup to the MAIN MENU, just
continue to press the Enter key at the Enter EPA Method"
9090 test data option, the LINER SELECTION MENU, the'
TEMPERATURE SELECTION ' MENU, the IMMERSION TEST
TEMPERATURE prompt, and the GAUGE INPUT prompt until you
advance to,. the PARAMETER SELECTION MENU - (following the
same steps you have previously taken - refer to Figure
6-1) .
i
When you are finished examining the remaining parameter
listing of HOPE, you will notice the final option in the
PARAMETER SELECTION MENU as being miscellaneous tasts
highlight it and press Enter - ; . ,
28.
Currently the ASTM 2552 is the environmental stress crack
test of choice, however, old data may exist from ASTM
Dl«r3 and can be entered within the HDPE test-menu. A.
Carboa, Black T«sfe: is reeammended^fay: Methaet. 9,0,9.0,, f,a;r>, HOPE
liner types;. --,••••.
press Enter andFsc keys to examine the contents of each option
Now you'.re-ready to compile a report of the SAMPLEH'-data
set.
29,
from the 'PARAMETER SELECTIOH HEMS' press the 'Esc' key
5ML ACVXSCR, Version 3.0
Luwr: HEPE (80 XZZ5)
USklA
Cincinnati, Ohio
CV* 23
JOIN MHO
Entnr gcnaral inC n mrMm J
EEA Mrthod SO90 tMt dvta J
Analyz* dsta £ g
Load an «dstinj data
Saw a data
dirvctocy
D«l«t« a data sat £LU £TCB disk
EOT
I Us* ttw arrow fcoys to highlight th* d*sir«d function.
Press Entar to axecut* th« function.
Select QCTT to return to DCS.
Current dliactoty: C:\E1BC . Cun'«nt data Mt: SHC5£H
-------
30.
. 35
Front the MAIN M2HU,
highlight 'Analyze and generate report option' to select it, press
Enter -
JML AEWISOR, Version 3.0
HEEL,
Cincinnati, Ohio
REKJRT SELSCHCtf. MEWJ
Output the input: data
Outpuc tii* "'Allusion
Output input data &. oancius
B . Us* th* arrowjteys to highlight a report typ*.
8 Press Enter to sel*ct tha typ* of report for output.
I Press Esc to return to tha aeon mm.
Onmnt diwctory: C:\FIBC . CUrrrot data set: SflMHZH
The KBPORy SiEEBCTXOir HBHU appears with three options
available to you;
1 - Output: the input data - produces a report reviewing
the general information and data sheet information
you have entered.
2 - Output the conclusion - analyzes all input in the
data s«t and produces a report which accounts for—
suspected deficiencies with liner type and missing
information, and then provides justifications for
the conclusions-.
3 - Output input data 6 conclusion - produces a report
containing the contents of 1 & 2.
press 'do*n' arrow key 2 tiaes to highlight 'Output input data 4
conclusion', then press Enter
-------
36
31. -
When the Generating Report message disappears,
AEVISCR, Version 3.0 ' PPTT.
Report: CCflKJT INTOT DKEA & CCNCID5ZCN -.:..
•- CUTTOT SELECTION MENU
Cincinnati, Ohio
Display the output report on' the screen
Print the output report on system printer
Save the aicpat report as a text file
Use the arrtw keys to highlight a output mode.
Press attar to select, the node of output-.
II Press Esc to return to the report selection issnu
Current directory: 'C:\nzx , = Current data set:
The OUTPUT SELECTION MENU appears with three- options
available;,
1 - Oisplay the output report oa: t&m aereen - this
option enables you to view your REPORT SELECTION
MENU selection on your computer monitor.
2" - • Print the output report on system printer - this
option enables you to obtain a 'hardcopy1 of your
REPORT SBLECTIOM MENU selection from your system
printer.
3 - 8«v« the output report as a text file :- this option
is an excellent way to produce a 'readable1 file
which can be saved or transferred via floppy disk
and then, if desired, viewed through a word
processor (Note: because the report is saved as a
DOS file when this option is selected, you will have
to import it into the word processing software. Most
of; the major packages have this capability). The
report you obtain when selecting this option will
depend on your REPORT SELECTION KZHU selection.
press 'Enter' to select 'Display the output report on the screen'
-------
37
32. - Now examine- the sample. FLEX1 summary-' report for tills
sample session. Refer to -6. 2 Sample FLEX" Summary Report
which has a 'hardcopy' and further explanation of the
same report you are viewing- on your monitor screen-. It
is a sample of the !kind of Summary Report you would
produce had you selected Print th« . output capart on
systea printer in Step 31.
examine the 'GENERAL INFORMATION' section of the St/ynmary"
report, press the 'PgDn' key or the 'down' arrow key to scroll.
Press the 'PgDn' key or the 'down' arrow key to scroll through
the parameter data, sheets to examine the 'Analysis of HOPE
Liner Data' section of the Summary Report
When you get to the end,
press 'Esc' 3 times to backup to 'MAIN MENU'
33. - At MXIN MENU,
press 'down' key 2 times to highlight A5ave a data set', then press
'Enter'
34.,.' -• ' ' '
itf- ' RREL, CSEE* Cincinnati, Ohio
Please enter a sarvm nsn» for this data sot.
Limit this nasm to eight characters. Poets Esc to cancel.
Save name: SAMFIEH
CUEtwife cata act: S3MFUH
-------
; • 38
Although the S»v« a data set option can be utilized at
any time,- it is better to save a data set at it's
conclusion. This option stores the data set currently in
use to a new file. When the file is created, the program
will ask for a file name of less than 8 characters. Names
must be composed of only letters or, numbers,... After savincr
a data set, the MAIN MEUD" appears.
In- order to allow . multiple users to' work their way'
through a test session, do NOT save the sample data set
under the name "SAMPLEH". Saving the data set under a
different name, i.e. "MYTEST", retains "SAMPLEH" in its
original form.
press the 'backspace' key 7 times to erase "SAMPLER"
type 'MYTEST', then press Enter
If this had been the Sample Session name used before . the
following screen will appear,
FML ADVISOR, Version 3.0 ' RREL, OSEPA Cincinnati, -Chio
Please enter a save name for this data set.
nan* to eight characters, Etissf Esc'to cancal: ; *•• '•;
ttaild you LDoB to overwrite it? (y/n)
currwjt dlx«=tary: C:\PIBC Cutrwit data «t: MX3SST
Now Eleac informs you that the data set nan* already
exists and would you like to overwrite it?
type '/', then press 'Enter' to save your inputs under 'KntST
...
33. - At the MA1H MENU notice that the Currant data set: name
is now "KYTEST" (When you begin a new session with FLEX
and select the Load aa existing data set option the data
set "MYTEST" will appear in the listing along with the
-------
other three original - data^; .set" f±22es:jr" "SAMPLEH",
"SAMPLEC", and "SAMPLE?" .
press 'daun' key 3 times to highlight 'EXIT', type 'y', then press
'Enter'
i
Congratulations! You have just completed a 'comprehensive' session with FLEX. When you
begin your own sample session with FLEX remember to follow the on-line instructions
appearing on every screen throughout the program. Feel free to load and examine the data
of the other liner sample data sets "SAMPLEC and "SAMPLE?".
NOTE: All but four of the MAIN MENU options were mentioned in this sample session;
Chang* currant drive, cnange currant directory, Reaove a, data, sat.,,
from aemory and Delate a data aet file in DOS. They are fairly self-
explanatory and more can be learned about them in 5.0 FILE MANAGEMENT of this
manual.
-------
40
6.2 Sample FLEX Summary Report
'The following is an example of a FLEX Summary Report which contains the input data and
conclusioainformation of the data, set "SAMPLER" (please refer to 6.1 Sample-and Practice
Consultation) which anaylzes HDPE liner characteristics. It was produced by selecting the
;fcnalyz« data & generate report option from the MAIN MENU and then- selecting
the Output input data & conclusion and Print the output report on
ays-tarn- printer options (please refer to 4.1.1 Report Selection Menu and 4.1.2 Output
Selection Menu). The "Input data" section of the Summary Report contains the GENERAL
INFORMATION which was entered at the beginning of the FLEX session and displays the
values within each of the parameter data sheets. The "Conclusion" or Analysis of HOPE
Liner Data section of the Summary Report displays the collection of text that results from
applying the input data to the "rule base" (please refer to 42 Conclusion Generation and
the Rule Base). The "Rule base" for HDPE liner criteria, for example, will analyze for over
65 conditions. These "rules" or conditions for the HDPE liner and the other two liners which
FLEX analyzes ( PVC and CSPE-R ) are listed in APPENDIX E. As you can see from this
sample Summary Report, the HDPE liner EPA Method 9090 test results are adequate in
this case. ,
^^
FLEX SYSTEM / VERSION 3.0
, RISK REDUCTION ENGINEERING LABORATORY
US EPA / CINCINNATI, OHIO
GENERAL INFORMATION
•
Name: John Doe . I
Date: December IS, 1989
Sitename: Anywhere, USA
Project. I.D.: 218-792,
The Name of the Test Laboratory: US EPA
The Date Method 9090 Test Began: August 14> 1989
The Date Method 9090 Test Ended: December 12, 1989
Mo Reported Liner Volatiles Content!
No Reported Liner Extractables Content! ,
The Liner Specific Gravity (Ratio): 0.94 ;
i
A Description of the Liner Material: ;
Any American Liner Company, Non-Reinforced High Density
Polyethylene . ;
A Description of the Type of Exposure Tank Material:
!
Stainless Steel Tank
-------
41
A Description of the Leachate:
Leachate Taken From Previously Filled Landfill Cell f4 in Anywhere
USA
A Description of the Frequency of Leachate Change:
Two Times per Month
A Description,,. of 9090 Method Options were not
followed:
All 9090 Method Options Were Followed.
A Description of Incorrectly Performed Lab Procedures:
All Tests Were Performed Correctly.
A Description of Flaws in Lab=Specimens:
All Specimens" Had Scratches. =
A Description of Qualitative Lab Observances:
I
All Tests Followed, QA/QC, Procedures:. '
Liner t, HOPE (80 MILS) ' ,
Temperature: 23 DEGREES CELSIUS
Parameter: WIDTH
Unit: CENTIMETERS
. CNTRL1 DAY 30 CNTRL2 DAY 60 CNTRL3 DAY 90 CNTRL4 DAY 120
1) 26.1500 26.1500 26.0500 26.1000 26.0500 26.1000 25.9500 26.0000
2) 26.1500 26.0500 26.1000 26.1000 26.0500 26.1500 25.9000 26.2000
3) 25.9500 26.0500 26.0500 26.0500 26.1000 26.1000 26.1500 26.2000
4)
Liner: HDFE (80 MILS)
Temperature: 23 DEGREES CELSIUS . .
Parameter: LENGTH
Unit:: CENTIMETERS
CNTRLl DAY 30 CNTRL2 DAY 60 CNTRL3 DAY 90 CNTRL4 DAY 120
1) 26.3000 26.3000 26.3000 26.3000 26.3500 26.3000 26.3500 26.4000
2) 26.2500 26.2500 26.3000 26.2500 26.3500 26.3500 26.3500 26.4000
3) 26.2500 26.2000 26.3500 26.3000 26.4000 26.3500 26.4000 26.4000
-------
Liner: HDPE (80 MILS)
Temperature: 23 DEGREES CELSIUS
Parameter: THICKNESS
Unit: MILLIMETERS
I)
2)
3)
4)
5)
CNTRL1, DAY 30 CNTRL2 DAY 60 CNTRLX DAY 90 CNTRL4 DAY 1ZO
2.09000 2.03000 2.09000 1.97000 2.09000 1.95000 2.09000 1 93000
20000 2 .1200,0 2 .20000 1.9.700.0. 2 .20000 L. 97000 2 .20000 1*95000
10000 2.35000 2.05000 2.35000 2.03000 2.35000 2*00000
2.20000 2
2.35000 2
Liner: HDPE (80 MILS)
Temperature: 23 DEGREES CELSIUS
Parameter: MASS
Unit: GRAMS •
CNTRL1 DAY 30 CNTRL2 DAY 60 CNTRL3 DAY 90 CNTRL4 DAY 120
,1) 11.1100 11.1010 11.0980 10.9970 10.8810 10.7890 10.5600 10 5320
2) 10.9900 10.9570 10.8920 10.8860 10.7800 10.7330 10.5620 10 5490
3) 1.0.9500 1,0.9300 1,0.8760 10. 82LO, 1Q.775,0 10.7680 10.7450 10.7340
5) . -. . . -, . . .IT' III I
Liner: HDPE (8O MILS? "
Temperatures 23; DEGREES CELSIUS :
Parameterr TENSILE STREN^TH-AT YIELD"
Unit: POUNDS/SQUARE INCH
MACHINE DIRECTION
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
CONTROL
3020.00
3020 . 00
3030.00
...
...
DAY 30
3050.00
3090.0O
3100.00
...
...
DAY 60
3090.00
3110. OO
3110.00
...
...
DAY 90
3110.00.
3isa.oo
3150.00
...
...
DAY 120
3200.00
32ia.0ff
3210.00
...
...
TRANSVERSE DIRECTION
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
CONTROL
2990.00
2990.00
2990.00
—
—
DAY 30
3090.00
3040.00
3070.00
...
...
DAY 60
3110.00
3070.00
30SO.OO
...
— _
DAY 90
3220.00
3190.00
3100.00
...
— .
DAY 120
3280.00
3280.00
3190.00
...
...
Liner: HDPE (80 MILS)
Temperature: 23 DEGREES CELSIUS
Parameter: TENSILE STRENGTH AT BREAK
Unit: POUNDS/SQUARE INCH
-------
MACHINE DIRECTION
CONTROL
1) 3070.00
2) 3060.00
3) 3010.00
4)
5)
DAY 30
3150. OQ
3090.00
3100.00
-..
—
DAY- 60
3240.00
3120.00
3370;00
— — •
___
TRANSVERSE DIRECTION
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
CONTROL
3800.00
3800.00
3'80Q.Oa
DAY 30
3900..0;Q.
3920.00
3.aao.~oo
DAY 60
4.0,10.00
4050.00
3990.00
DAY 90 DAY 120
3440.00 3750.00
346O.OO 3770.00"-
3570.00 3790.00
DAY 90 DAY 120
4100.00 4200.00
4090.00 4130.00
4010.00 4180.00
Liner: HOPE (80 MILS)
Temperature: 23 DEGREES CELSIUS
Parameter: ELONGATION AT YIELD
Unit: PERCENT
MACHINE DIRECTION
n
2)
3)
4)
5)
CONTROL
18.2600
18.9700,
17.5500
. . — , .. . -,
—.—
TRANSVERSE
•
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
CONTROL
17.4000
17 ^aaoQ
17.6500
...
—
DAY 30
19.0000
19;.0500,
18.1000
.:•• • — *••>• ••
-~
DIRECTION
DAY 30
18.7000
ia,.3odo
18.5000
...
...
DAY 60
19.3800
19.2300
18.9000
-'. —«.:.,
~ — '
DAY 60
18.9000
18 .,6000,
18.6400
...
...
DAY 90
19.5800 .
19.4700
19.1300
...
...
DAY 90
19.4000
19.2100
18.8500
...
...
DAY 120
20.1000
19.7500
19.6700
...
...
DAY 120
19.5000
19.44010
19.1000
...
—
Liner: HDPE (80 MILS)
Temperature: 23 DEGREES CELSIUS
Paraa«t«r: ELONGATION AT BREAK
Unit: PERCENT
MACHINE DIRECTION
CONTROL DAY 30 DAY 60 DAY 90
1) 605.000 612.000 615.000 618.000
2) 620.000 659.000 664.000 688.000
3) 620.000 654.000 655.000 663.000
4)
5)
DAY
,620.000
690.000
6.70.000
-------
TRANSVERSE DIRECTION
CONTROL
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
620.
570.
620.
«*»
— —
000
000
000
-
DAY 30
652
583
6.35
• --
"-
.000
.000
.000
!"*—
— —
DAY 60
670
590
640
-
-
.000
. 000
.000
«"»^
. —
DAY 90
674
629
664
-
-
.000
.000
.000
— •
— —
DAY
120
698. 000
640
680
_
_
.
.
_
_
000,
000!
_
Liner: HDPE (80 MILS) •
Temperature: 23 DEGREES CELSIUS
Parameter: TEAR RESISTANCE
Unit: POUNDS
MACHINE DIRECTION
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
CONTROL
76.4000
74.5000
74.5000
— — —
___
TRANSVERSE
1)
2)
3)
CONTROL
76.8000
73.4000
73.4000
DAY 30
76.0000
76.0000
77.0000
___
— —
DIRECTION
DAY 30
77.9000
75.0000
76.0000
DAY 60
77.0000
76.3000
78.1000
_.«,_
— — —
DAY 60
79.0000
75.8000
86.3000
DAY 90
77.8000
78.4000
79.4000
-__
.
•
DAY 90
78.3000
76.8000
79.6000
DAY 120
78.0000
80.0000
82.0000
___
DAY 120
71.4000
70.2000
69.2000
4}
5}
Liner: HDPE (80 MILS)
Temperature: 23 DEGREES ;CELSrus
Parameter: PUNCTURE RESISTANCE
Unifei POUNDS
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
CONTROL DAY 30 DAY 60 DAY 90 DAY 120
85.0000
85.0000
85.0000
87.0000
86.0000
86.0000
89.0000
91.0000
89.0000
92.0000
92.0000
93.0000
96.0000
100.000
95.0000
Linar: HDPE (80 MILS)
Temperature: 23 DEGREES CELSIUS
Parameter: MODULUS OF ELASTICITY
Unit: POUNDS/SQUARE INCH
MACHINE DIRECTION
1)
2)
CONTROL DAY 30 DAY 60 DAY 90 DAY 120
82600.0
84100.0
3) 83000,0
4)
5)
84000.0
85600.0
83400.0
87500.0
86200.0
87500.0
86400.0
88800.0
88000.0
87800.0
90100.0
89900.0
-------
TRANSVERSE DIRECTION
CONTROL DAY .30 DAY 60 DAY 90 DAY 120
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
84900
85200
85000
— —
— —
.0
.0
.0
87000.
S'4'9'00.
85500.
— — —
—
0
0
0
89000.
85500.
86000.
— — —
— — — '
0
a
0
90300.
87700.
86400.
— —
— — —
0
o
0
91900.
90200.
88000.
— —
—
0
0
0
HDPE MISCELLANEOUS™ TESTS :
ASTM Test Performed: Environmental Stress Rupture ASTM D2552
The thickness of ASTM D2552.test samples: 80 mils
The percentage of ASTM D2552 test samples that failed: 8 percent
Test Performed: Carbon Black Test
The"percentage of carbon black in the liner tested: 4.percent
Analysis of HDPE Liner Data
The chemical resistance of the liner material to the leachate/waste
said to be that of or representative of the waste site was judged
according to criteria generally considered practical and reasonable
by liner industry and•liner*material specialists. There may be
exceptions to- these, generalizations. In' its present stage of
development, this analysis system provides guidance that must be
considered , along , with a variety of site-. „ specif ic and
application-specific factors. The analysis involved an assessment
of the changes and trends in changes of certain- physical-properties
and attributes upon exposure to the waste/leachate under the
conditions of EPA Method 9090 (Sept. 1986) or similar procedures.
In addition, information specific to the liner material selected
concerning the test conditions and planned installation conditions
of the liner were reviewed. " The information was also assessed for
its completeness and reasonableness.
Based upon the EPA Method 9090 four -month immersion test results
that were entered, there is no indication that the liner is not
chemically resistant to the waste/leachate used as the test medium.
-------
46
7.0 TROUBLESHOOTING
7.1 Error messages
Many of the input values in FLEX have LIMU arid/or TYPE restrictions. LIMIT
restrictions refer to the ranges (gains / losses) examined by the rule base. A listing of the
LIMTT restrictions is available in APPENDIX D - FLEX SYSTEM LIMITS on INPUT
DATA. TYPE restrictions apply to input data that must be exclusively numeric or".
exclusively character types. All error messages are inactivated by entering a correct data rvpe
within the required limits- '
12 Software Support
FLEX was developed by the Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. Version 3.0 of the Flexible Membrane Liner Evaluation Expert System
is being distributed on a limited basis for the purpose of field testing and to obtain feedback
concerning the system's performance and content. As stated in the disclaimer, this system
has not undergone Agency review and no official endorsement by the U.S. EPA should be
presumed. Comments on the system should be addressed to:
Daniel Q. Gr«*thoua« .
USBPX
Rialt .Reduction Engineering Laboratory
26 W. Martin Luthar King Dr. ..,, '• '
Cincinnati,: ofcio
If problems are encountered which cannot be solved using die information in this manual,
telephone support is provided free of charge by the authors. To report problems and/or
nhf atn assjjgtflngfr rail- . ! . _ •
Jay Clements
USSPA
€84-783 C
513-569-7836 (COBMrcial)
-------
47.
APPENDIX A
LINER PARAMETERS UNITS and TEST EHRECTIONS
HOPE PARAMETERS
(Test Direction)
width
(machine)
length
(machine)
thickness
(machine)
mass
(machine)
tensile strength at yield,,
(machine,transverse)
tensile strength at- break
(machine,transverse)
elongation at yields-; •,•.,.„.
(machine,transverse) * .
elongation at break
(machine,transverse)
tear resistance
(machine, transverse)
puncture resistance
(machine)
modulus of elasticity
(machine, transverse)
UHXTS
inches
centimeters
millimeters.
f>
inches
centimeters
millimeters
mils
millimeters
grams
pounds
pounds/inch, of width
pounds/square inch
pounds/ inch o f width
pounds/square inch
percent..
percent
pounds
pounds/inch of thickness
pounds/mil of thickness
pounds
pounds/inch of thickness
pounds/mil of thickness
pounds/inch of width
pounds/square inch
PVC PARAMETERS
(Test Direction)
width
(machine)
length.
(machine)
USZTS
inches
centimeters
millimeters
inches
centimeters
millimeters
-------
48
thickness
(machine)
mass
(machine)
mils
millimeters
grams,
pounds
tensile strength at break
(machine,transverse)
elongation at break
(machine,transverse)
tear resistance
(machine,transverse)
puncture resistance
(machine)
matximum stress
(machine,transverse)
pounds/inch of width
pounds/square inch
percent
pounds
pounds/irich of thickness
pounds/mil of thickness
pounds
pounds/inch of thickness
pounds/mil of thickness
pounds/inch of width
pounds/square inch
CEPE-R PAJlAMETERfl
(Test Direction!
width
(machine)
length ...'
(machine)
thickness
(machine)
mass
(machine)
breaking factor - fabric
(machine,transverse)
breaking factor -•• coating
(machine,transverse)
elongation at fabric break
(machine,transverse)
OHITS
inches
centimeters
millimeters
inches
centimeters;
millimeters
mils
millimeters
grams
pounds
pounds
pounds/inch' of width
pounds/square inch
pounds
pounds/inch of width
pounds/square inch
percent
elongation at coating break percent
-------
49
(machine,transverse)
tear resistance
(machine,transverse)
hydrostatic resistance
(machine)
maximum stress
(machine, transverse)
pounds
pounds/inch of thickness
pounds/mil of thickness
pounds/square inch
pounds/ inch of width
pounds/ square inch
ply adhesion
(machine.,, transverse,). ..
pounds/ inch of width
-------
50
APPENDIX B
LINER TEST METHODS / DECEMBER 1989
HDPE Liners
width
I-ength
Thickness
Mass
Tensile Strength at Yield
Tensile Strength at Break
Elongation at Yield
Elongation at Break
Tear Resistance
Puncture Resistance
Modulus of Elasticity
Environmental Stress Cracking
Carbon Black
Para.8.1.3,
ASTM Test Method
Left Edge, Center, Right Edge-
Top Edge, Center, Bottom Edge
ASTM D374, D1593
D3767
ASTM D1910
Tensile Behavior
Tensile Behavior
Tensile Behavior
Tensile Behavior
Tear Behavior
Puncture Behavior
ASTM D882 Mtd. A
ASTM D1693, D2552
ASTM D1603
PVC Liners
ASTM Test Method;
Width /,: ,-..
Length. , .
Tkickness-
Mass
Tensile Strength at Break
.'Elongation at Break
Tear Resistance
Puncture Resistance
Maximum Stress
Left Edgey Center, Right; Edge
Top Edge,' Center,,' Bottom Edge
D159%J Para. 8>.1^3, D376T
ASTM D1910
Tensile Behavior!
Tensile Behavior;
Tear Behavior
Puncture Behavior
Tensile Behavior:
CJiPB-R Liners .
width
Longth
Tliickness
Mass
Breaking Factor - Fabric
Breaking Factor - Coating
Elongation at Fabric Break
Elongation at Coating Break
T«ar Resistance
Hydrostatic Resistance
Maximum Stress.
Ply Adhesion
AST* Test Method
Left Edge, Center, Right Edge
Top Edge, Center, Bottom Edge
ASTM 0751, D3767
ASTM D1S10 !
Tensile Behavior
'Tensile Behavior
Tensile Behavior
Tensile Behavior
Tear Behavior
ASTM D751 Mtd. A, Procedure 1
Tensile Behavior
ASTM 0413 Section 12.2,
Machine Mtd.,Type A,iao deg,
peel
Descriptions for Tensile Behavior,
Puncture Behavior appear on following page.
Tear Behavior, and
-------
51
Tensile Behavior
1. Dumbbell Shape ASTM 04-12> D638, D882 Mtd. A or B, D751Mtd-. A
2. Uniform Width ASTM D4885 (Narrow-or Wide Width Specimens)
3. Three-Dimensional GRI Standard GM-4
Tear Behavior
1. Miscellaneous Tests- ASTM D-7.51, 01424-,. D193&
2. Trapezoidal Tear Test ASTM D1004 Die C, 02,263
3. Tongue Tear Test ASTM D2261 (Scrim Reinforcement)
Puncture Behavior j
1. ASTM D2582,' D3787 . ' :•: . '
2. FTMS 101C Method 2031, 2065
All Liners (HDPE,PVC,CSPE-R) ASTM Test Method
Extractables' . ASTM D3083, SW 870 App. III-E
Volatiles ASTM D1203 Mtd. A, SW 870 App. III-D
Specific Gravity (<1.0) ASTM D792 Mtd. A., (D1505)
-------
52
APPENDIX C
LINER NSF STANDARDS
HOPS VST STANDARDS
Tensile Strength at Yield .
60 mil 80 mil 100 mil . ,
2000. 0 psi 1750.0 psi 1800. 0 psi
Tensile Strength at Break: 3000.0 psi
i
Elongation at Yield: 10.0 %
i
Elongation at Break: 500.0 %
Tear Resistance
60 mil 80 mil 100 mil
30.0 Ibs 40.0 Ibs 50.0 Ibs :
Modulus of Elasticity: 8*0000.0 psi
P7C NSy STANDARDS .
Tensile Strength, at Break; 2400. o:, psi.
Elongation at-Sreafc: 3^)0. Qet;:
Tear Resistance
30 mil 45 mil
8.0 Ibs 11.0 Ibs •
Maximum Stress: .900.0 psi
CSPE-R N«T STANDARDS
Breaking Factor - Fabric: 6X6 YARNS/ INCH
30.mil 36 mil 45 mil
60.0 Ibs 60.0 Ibs 90.0 Ibs
Breaking Factor - Fabric: 8X8 YARNS/ INCH
30 mil 36 ail 45 mil
1:20.0 Ibe 120.0 Ibs 125.0 Ibs
Breaking Factor - Fabric: 10X10 YARNS/INCH
200.0 Ibs
Breaking Factor - Coating
30 mil 36 mil 45 mil
185.0 Ibs 145.0 Ibs 120.0 Ibs
-------
53
Elongation at Coating- Break: 20.0 *
Maximum Stress
30 mil 36 mil 45 mil
750.0 psi 640.0 psi 500.0 psi
-------
: 54
APPENDED
FLEX SYSTEM LIMITS on INPUT DATA
T«st (unit*) Limit*
-------
55
APPENDIX E
LINER 'Rulebase' FLOWCHARTS
Analysis of HOPE liner
^i
Check for liner
inappropriate
Check for liner
not resistant
Check for information
missing
t
Any Miner not resistant1
rules fired?
no
yes
Check for
Inconclusive' results
Any 'liner inappropriate'
rules fired?
no
No evidence of
liner deficiencies
ANALYSIS COMPLETE
yes
-------
56
Liner is inappropriate IF:
gauge < 60 mils
liner fails
NSF standards
carbon black > 5%
80 < gauge < 100 mils
and
minimum tensile strength
at yield < 1750 psi
gauge > 60 mils
and
minimum tensile strength
at break < 3000 psi
gauge > 60 mils
and
minimum elongation
at break < 500 %
gauge > 60 mils
and
i • HI ••• i tun i modulus
of elasticity < 80000 psi
30 < gauge < 100 mils
and
minimum tear strength
<40lbs
60 < gauge < 80 mils
and
minimum tensile strength
at yfefd < 2000 psi
gauge > 1 00 mils
and
minimum tensile strength
at yield < TSOOpsI
gauge > 60 mils
and
minimum elongation
at yield < 10%
60 < gauge < 80 mils
and
minimum tear strength
< 30 Sbs
gauge > 100 mils
and
minimum tear strength
<50ibs
-------
57
Liner not resistant IF:
environmental stress
crack test is run and
failures > 10 %
evidence of
chemical reaction
evidence of
excessive softening
evidence of liner
absorbing leachate
-------
evidence of
chemical reaction IF:
loss in weight
at month 4 > 3 %
(excessive weight
decrease)
tensile strength at break-
at montft 4 < tensile strength
at yield before immersion
and: elongation at break
at month 4 < elongation
at yield before immersion
(brittle failure)
loss in weight at month
4 between 1-3 % and
loss in tensile strength
at yield at month 4
> 5% and loss in
elongation at break at
month 4 > 10%
loss in weight
at month 4 < 3 %
and loss in weight
predicted by quadratic
fit at month 4 > 2%
(excessive weight
decrease trend)
loss lit weight at month
4 between 1-3 % and
loss in tensile strength
at yfeid at rttortth 4
> 5 % and loss in tensile
strength at break at
month 4 > 10%
loss in weight at month
4 between 1-3 % and
loss in tensile strength
at break at month 4
> 10 % and loss in
elongation at break at
month 4 > 10%
-------
59
evidence of liner
absorbing leachate IF:
gain in weight at
month 4 > 5 %
(excessive weight
increase)
gain in length at
month 4 > 5 %.
(swelling)
gain in weight at
month 4'< 5% and
gain in weigfiCpredictecl
by quadratic fit at
month 4 > 3 %
(excessive weight
increase trend)
gain in width at
month 4 >
(swelling)
gain in length at
month 4 < 5 % and
gain in length predicted
by quadratic fit at
month 4 x-3 %
(swelling trend)
gain in width a!;
month 4 < 5 %.and
gain In width predicted
by quadratic fit at
month 4> 3%
(swelling trend)
gain in weight at month
4 between 2-5 % and
loss in tensile strength
at yield at month 4
> 15 % and loss In tensile
strength at break at
month 4 > 18%
gain in weight at month
4 between 2-5 % and
loss in tensile strength
at yield at month 4
> 15 % andJoss In
elongation at break at
month 4 > 18%
gain in weight at month 4 between 2-5 % and
loss In tensile strength at break at month 4 > 18%
and loss in elongation at break at month 4 > 18 %
-------
60
evidence of
excessive softening IF:
brittle failure not evidenced
and tensile strength at break
at month 4 < tensile strength
at yield before immersion
loss in tensile strength
at yield at month 4 > 20 %
loss in elongation at
break at month 4 > 25 %
loss in modulus of elasticity
at month 4 > 2E%
loss in puncture strength
at month 4 > 25%
loss in elongation at break
at month 4v< 25 % and
loss in elongation at break
predicted by quadratic fifc
at month 4 > 15%
loss in puncture strength
at month 4 < 25 % and
loss in puncture strength
predicted by quadratic fit
at month 4 > 15%
-------
61
results are inconclusive IF:
insufficient information
to run scatter test
excessive scatter
in parameter data
insufficient information
to run trend analysis .
trend analysis unsuccessful
the change in weight
predicted by quadratic fit
at month 4 > 0 and
the change in tensile strength
at break predicted by
quadratic fit at month 4 > 0
environmental stress crack test
ASTMD1693
is run and gauge of stress crack
test samples < 0.9 times gauge of
immersion test samples
environmental stress crack test
ASTM D2552
Is run and gauge of stress crack
test samples < 0.9 times gauge of
immersion test samples
-------
62
insufficient information
to run scatter test IF
for any parameter:
pure error sum of squares = 0
OR
data reported for only three time periods
I
OR
number of time periods for which
data was reported *
total number of data points
-------
63
insufficient information
to perform! trend ..analysis 4F
for any parameter:
excessive scatter not
present in parameter data
AND EITHER
residual sum of squares = 0
OR
three data points entered
for this parameter
-------
information is missing IF: I
for any parameter
no data is entered for the parameter I
OR
no month- 4 data is
entered for the parameter
I
OR
no contror data is! :
entered-for the parameter
OR
environmental stress crack test ASTM 1693
results are not reported
OR
environmental stress crack test ASTM 2552
results are not reported
OR
carbon black test results are not reported
-------
65
Analysis of PVC finer
i
Check for liner
inappropriate
Check for liner
not resistant
^i
Check for information
. missing
Check for
inconclusive results
T
Any 'liner not resistant'
rules fired?
no
Any 'liner inappropriate'
rules fired?
yes
no
No evidence of
liner deficiencies
•t
ANALYSIS COMPLETE
yes
-------
Liner is inappropriate IF:
gauge < 30 mils
liner fails
NSF standards
gauge > 30 mils
and
minimum tensile strength
at break < 2300 psi
gauge >
and
minimum elongation
at break < 300 %
gauge > 30 mils
and
minimum / maximum
stress < 900 psi
30 mfl» 1 gauge < 40 mils
and
minimum tear resistance < 8 Ibs
gauge > 45 mils
and
minimum tear resistance < 111bs
liner is exposed
to sunlight
liner fails temperature/
service life criteria
installation temp. > 170T I
installation temp. > 150T and
est service Iff«>
I
installation temp. > 1307 and
est service lit »> 2^5 years
installation temp. > 12QT and
est service life > 3.5 years
installation temp. > 110T and
est service life > 5 years
installation temp. > SOT and
est service Hfe > 10 years
-------
67
Liner not resistant IF:
evidence of
chemical reaction
evidence of liner
absorbing leachate
evidence of
excessive softening
evidence of excessive
plasticizer loss
-------
68
evidence of
chemical reaction IF:
1
loss in tensile strength at break at month 4 > 10%
AND
loss in elongation at break at month 4 > 20%
AND
loss in maximum stress at month 4 is not > 20%
AND
the absolute loss in maximum stress over the
four month period is not > 20000 psi
gain in tensile strength, at break, afcmonth: 4< > 20%
AND
loss in elongation atbreak at month 4 > 20%
- AND
loss in maximum stress at month 4 is .not > 20%
AND
the absolute loss in maximum stress over the
four month period is not > 20000 psi
AND
gain in maximum stress at month 4 is not > 20%
AND
the absolute loss in maximum stress over the
four month period is not > 20000 psi
-------
69
evidence of liner
absorbing leachate IF:
gain in weight at month 4 > 10%
I
loss in weight at month 4 M0%
AND •"
gain in weight at month 4 predicted
by a quadratic fit of weight data > 7%
AND
the goodness of fit test for weight data suceeds
gain in width at 4 months > 15%
gain in length at 4 months > 15%
gain In thickness at 4 months > 3%
-------
70
evidence of -
excessive softening IF:
f loss in tensile strength at
I break at month 4 > 10%
->MMMHMMMMM«i^MHMMMMMMMI^BI^M^H^MMMMMB
gain in elongation at break
at month 4 > 20%
loss in maximum stress
at month 4 > 20%
or the absolute loss in maximum
stress over
over the 4 month period
gain in weight at month 4 > 9%
loss in tensile strength at break
at month 4 > 9%
gain in weight at month 4 > 9%
and gain in elongation at break
at month 4; > 18%
gain in weight at month 4 > 9%
and loss in maximum
stress at month 4 > 18%
loss in tensile strength at break
at month 4 > 9% and gain in
elongation at break
at month 4 > 18%
loss in tensile strength at break
at month 4 > 9% and loss in
maximum stress at
.. month 4 > 18%
I
loss in tensile strength at break
at month 4 > 9%; and loss
in maximum stress
at month 4 > 18%
gain in elongation at break at
month 4 > 18% loss in maximum
stress at month 4 > 18%
| gain in weight at month 4 > 7%
and loss in tensile strength at
break at month 4 > 7%
gain in weight at month 4 > 7%
and loss in tensiie strength at
break at month 4 > 7%
gain in weight at month 4 > 7%
and gain in elongation at break
at month 4 > 14% and loss in
maximum stress month 4 > 14%
loss in tensile strength at
break at month 4 > 7% and gain
in the elongation at break at
month 4 > 14% and loss in
maximum stress at
month4> 14%
-------
71
evidence 0f excessive
plasticizer loss IF:
loss in weight at month 4 > 5%
loss in weight at month 4
and foss fn weight at month 4
predicted by a quadratic fit of
the weight data > 3% and fit
test for the weight data good
gain in tensile strength at break
at month 4 > 10%
loss in elongation at break at
month 4 > 20%
gain in maximum stress
at month 4 >209fc. ......
or the absolute gain in,
maximum stress overthe
4 month period
loss in thickness at month 4 > 3%
loss in width at month 4 > 15%
loss in length at month 4 > 15%
loss in weight at month 4 > 4%
and gain in tensile strength at
break at month 4 > 9%
loss in weight at month 4 > 4%
and loss in elongation at break
at month 4 > 18%
loss in weight at month 4 > 4%
and gain in maximum
stress at month 4 > 18%
gain in tensile strength at break
at month 4 > 9% and loss in
elongation at break at month 4 > 18%
gain in tensile strength at break at
month 4 > 9% and gain in maximum
stress at month 4 > 18%
loss in elongation at break at month
4 > 18% and gain in maximum
stress at month 4 > 18%
loss in weight at month 4 > 3% and
gain in tensile strength at break .
at month 4 > 7% and loss in elong-
ation at break at month 4 > t4%
loss in weight at month 4 > 3% and
gain in tensile strength at break
at month 4 > 7% and gain fn
maximum stress at month 4 > 14%
loss in weight at month 4 > 3% and
loss in elongation at break at
month 4 > 14% and gain in maximum
stress at month 4 > 14%
gain in tensile strength at break
at month 4 > 7% and loss in elong-
ation at break at month 4 > 14%
and gain on mamimum stress
at month 4 > 14%
-------
72;
results are inconclusive. IF:
I
insufficient information
to run scatter test
excessive scatter
in parameter data
insufficient information
to run trend analysis
trend analysis unsuccessful
gain in weight at month 4 > 10%
AND"
loss in tensile strength at break a£montfV4^not >10%
I
gain in weight at month 4 > 10%
AND
loss in maximum stress at month 4 is net > 20%
AND
absolute loss in maximum stress at month 4 is not > 20000 psi
AND
absolute gain in maximum stress over 4 month period Is not > 20000 psi
gain in weight at month 4 > 10%
AND
gain In elongation at break at month 4 not > 20%
-------
73
information is missing IF; I
for any parameter
no data is entered forthe^parameter I
OR
:
i
no month 4 data is
entered for the parameter
OR
no control data is
entered for the parameter
•
I
II
no service life data
OR
no exposure to sunlight data I
OR
no maximum exposure temperature I
-------
74
Analysis of CSPE-R liner
i
Check for liner
inappropriate
Check for information
missing
Check for liner
. not resistant
t
Check for
inconclusive results
Any 'finer not resistant'
rulesfired?
yes
no
Any 'liner inappropriate'
rules fired?
no
No evidence of
liner deficiencies
t
ANALYSIS COMPLETE
yes
-------
75
Liner is inappropriate IF:
gauge < 30 mils.
liner fails
NSFstandards
gauge^30 mils and gauge < 45 miis
and liner is supported (6x6 yarns/inch)
and minimum tensile strength
at break < 60 psi
gauge?* 45 miis and liner is supported
(6x6 yams / inch) and minimum 1
. tensile strength at break < 90 psi
gauge>30 mils and gauge < 45 mils;
and liner is supported (8x8 yams/inch)
and minimum tensile strength
at break < 120 psi
gauged 45 miis and liner is supported
(8x8 yams/inch) and minimum
tensile strength at break < 125 psi
gauge>30 mils and liner is supported
(10x10 yarns/Inch) and minimum
tensile strength at break < 200 psi
-------
76
Liner not resistant IF:
evidence of
chemical reaction
evidence of liner
absorbing ieachate
evidence of
excessive softening
evidence of excessive
plasticizer loss
-------
77
evidence of
chemical reaction IF:
loss in weight at month 4 > 5%
gain in weight at month 4 > 5%
AND
loss in weight predicted by quadratic fit at month 4 > 3%
-------
78
evidence of liner
absorbing leachate IF:
1
gain in weight at month 4> 10% I
gain in weight predicted by quadratic
fit at month 4 > 5% and quadratic fit
of weight data is good and loss in tear
resistance at month 4 > 20%
gain in weight predicted by quadratic
fit at month 4 > 10% and quadratic fit
of weight data is good and loss in tear
resistance at month 4 > 20%
-------
79
evidence of
excessive softening IF:
I
loss in puncture resistance at month 4 > 30% I
test temperature ^35 degrees C
AND
loss in tensile strength at break at month 4 > 25%
liner supported
AND
loss in puncture resistance at month 4> 20%
AND
loss in tear resistance at month 4 > 20%
-------
80
results are Inconclusive IF:
1
insufficient information
to run scatter test
excessive scatter
in parameter data
insufficient information
to run trend analysis
trend analysis unsuccessful
I
-------
------- |