United States
               Environmental Protection
               Agency
Air and Energy Engineering
Research  Laboratory
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
               Research and Development
EPA/600/SR-95/065
June 1995
EPA      Project Summary
               Ventilation Technology  Systems
               Analysis
               J. B. Priest, J. Mclaughlin, L. Christiansen, A. Zhivov, M. McCulley,
               G. Chamberlin, M. Tumbleson, R. Maghirang, B. Shaw, Z. Li, J. Arogo,
               and R. Zhang
                 The full report  gives results of a
               project to develop a systems analysis
               of ventilation technology and provide a
               state-of-the-art assessment of ventila-
               tion and  indoor air quality (IAQ) re-
               search needs. Goals  of the analysis
               were to (1) define the state-of-the-art in
               building design and operation, (2) iden-
               tify emerging technologies and trends
               that will influence IAQ, building design,
               and operation, and (3) define and  pri-
               oritize ventilation research  needs that
               will improve IAQ.
                 This Project Summary was developed
               by EPA's Air and  Energy Engineering
               Research  Laboratory, Research  Tri-
               angle  Park, NC, to announce key find-
               ings of the research project that is fully
               documented in a separate report of the
               same title (see Project Report ordering
               information at back).

               Objective
                 The  objective of this project was to de-
               velop  a systems analysis  of ventilation
               technology  and provide a  state-of-the-art
               assessment of ventilation  and  IAQ re-
               search needs.
                 Ventilation technology is defined as the
               hardware necessary to  bring outdoor air
               into a building and to treat and effectively
               distribute the outdoor air to and within the
               occupied spaces of the  building.

               Purpose
                 IAQ  is a broad topic. The purpose of
               this systems analysis is to investigate the
               relationship between ventilation and IAQ.
 Goals
   Goals of this analysis were to
   1. define the state-of-the-art in building
     design and  operation,
   2. identify  emerging technologies and
     trends that  will influence IAQ, build-
     ing design,  and operation,  and
   3. define and  prioritize ventilation re-
     search needs that will improve IAQ.

 General Description
   The  ventilation  technology  systems
 analysis was developed  in two phases.
 Phase  I was to  determine the  status of
 applied ventilation technology and its im-
 pact on IAQ, using surveys and interviews
 with five groups of professionals involved
 with IAQ and the heating, ventilating, and
 air-conditioning (HVAC) industry: research-
 ers, equipment manufacturers, design en-
 gineers, construction  contractors,  and
 building managers.
   Phase 2 was  to bring together 60-80
 IAQ and ventilation experts for a Ventila-
 tion and  IAQ Consensus Workshop to
 achieve the stated goals. The workshop
 was held September 14-16, 1994, in Ra-
 leigh, NC.

 Findings
   IAQ  has become an issue as a result
 of several influences: conservation prac-
 tices, building construction techniques,
 new construction materials, and a more
 litigative environment. A lack of under-
 standing  and communication  has  re-
 sulted in minimal accountability for over-

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all IAQ. IAQ is rarely designed for, rather
it is  the  by-product of, several systems
and  contracted  work coming together.
Codes and standards that define accept-
able  IAQ  are  needed. The  absence  of
standards discourages designers,  manu-
facturers,  operators,  and owners from
achieving IAQ conditions generally agreed
to be reasonable economically and impor-
tant to health.
  Some owners, designers, builders, and
operators  are recognizing that the  costs
of achieving acceptable IAQ generally are
more than  offset by the  benefits  of im-
proved productivity and health for building
occupants.
  Research  consensus topics that were
determined address the industry's  knowl-
edge  deficiencies.  Research should pro-
ceed  concurrently in (1) IAQ control—in-
cluding ventilation, air cleaning, and source
management, (2) understanding IAQ im-
pacts  and health effects, and (3) risk as-
sessment/economic optimization  of sys-
tems.
  Ventilation  research priorities  are (1)
evaluate different system designs for their
impact on IAQ, (2) develop checklists, pro-
tocols, standards, and  codes that guide
and regulate the design,  construction, com-
missioning, operation,  and  maintenance
of HVAC  systems, (3)  define ventilation
effectiveness  and the method of its  field
verification, (4) develop advanced IAQ sen-
sors and control techniques, (5) develop
adequate  models to  predict air and  con-
taminant distribution, (6) validate ASHRAE
Standard 62-1989 to see if it really results
in acceptable  IAQ, and (7) measure effec-
tiveness of outdoor air supply strategies.
   J. B. Priest, J. McLaughlin, L Christiansen, A. Zhivov, M. McCulley, G. Chamberlin,
     M. Tumbleson, R. Maghirang, B. Shaw, Z. Li, J. Arogo, andR. Zhang are with the
     University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801.
   Russell N. Kulp is the EPA Project Officer (see below).
   The complete report, entitled "Ventilation Technology Systems Analysis," (Order
     No. PB95-212767; Cost: $27.00, subject to change) will be available only from:
           National Technical Information Service
           5285 Port Royal Road
           Springfield, VA 22161
           Telephone: 703-487-4650
   The EPA Project Officer can be contacted at:
          Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory
           U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
           Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
 United States
 Environmental Protection Agency
 Center for Environmental Research Information
 Cincinnati, OH 45268

 Official Business
 Penalty for Private Use $300
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                                                    POSTAGE & FEES PAID
                                                             EPA
                                                       PERMIT No. G-35
 EPA/600/SR-95/065

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