United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Pollution
Prevention and Toxics
(7408)
EPA 745-R-95-Q10
March 1995
1993 Toxics Release Inventory
Public Data Release
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1993
Toxics Release
Inventory
Public Data Release
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (7408)
Washington, DC 20460
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CONTENTS
List of Tables v
List of Figures ix
List of Boxes xii
1993 TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ES-1
Introduction: What is the Toxics Release Inventory? ES-1
Chapter 1: 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers ES-2
On-site Releases, 1993 ES-3
Off-site Transfers ES-4
Total Releases by State, 1993 ES-6
Air/Water/Land Releases by State, 1993 ES-7
Releases and Transfers by Industry, 1993 ES-8
Top Chemicals by Release Media, 1993 ES-11
Carcinogen Releases to Air/Water/Land, 1993 ES-12
Chapter 2: Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste ES-13
Top Chemicals by Waste Management Activity, 1993 ES-15
Source Reduction Activities, 1993 ES-16
Chapter 3: Year-to-Year Comparison of Releases and Transfers ES-17
Change in Total Releases by State, 1992-1993 ES-18
Change in Total Releases by State, 1988-1993 ES-19
Change in Total Releases by Industry ES-20
Change in Total Releases by Chemical ES-21
Chapter 4: TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals ES-22
1993 TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY PUBLIC DATA RELEASE
INTRODUCTION 3
What is the Toxics Release Inventory? 3
Who Must Report? 4
What Must be Reported? 4
What are the Benefits and Uses of the Data? 4
What are the Limitations of the Data? 5
Program Accomplishments and Future Directions 5
How Can I Obtain Additional TRI Information? 6
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Contents
CHAPTER 1: 1993 TRI RELEASES AND TRANSFERS 9
Introduction 9
What to Consider When Using TRI Data 9
Toxicity of the Chemical 9
Exposure Considerations 9
1993 National Overview 14
1993 TRI Data by State 14
1993 TRI Data by Industry 30
Multiple SIC Codes 30
Top 50 Facilities 31
Top 10 Parent Companies 31
Reporting by Federal Facilities 31
1993 TRI Data by Chemical 42
Use, Toxicity, and Environmental Fate Information 42
Metals and Metal Compounds 54
Ozone Depleters 61
OSHA Carcinogens 62
Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals 67
CHAPTER 2: PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF
TRI CHEMICALS IN WASTE 89
Introduction 89
What Waste Management Information is Collected? 90
Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste 90
Relationship of this Waste Management Information
to the Release and Transfer Data 126
Issues Associated with the Waste Management Information
Reported for 1993 126
Correlating Information in Different Sections of Form R 127
Understanding What Specific Elements Mean 127
What is Being Done to Reduce this Waste? 129
Assessment of Progress in Source Reduction 148
Calculating an Indicator of Changes in Quantities of Toxic Chemicals in Waste 148
Changes in Quantities of Toxic Chemicals in Waste at the National Level 150
CHAPTER 3: YEAR-TO-YEAR COMPARISON OF TRI DATA 155
Introduction 155
Chemical List Changes 155
Threshold Changes 156
New Transfer Types 156
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Contents ,
National Overview 156
Total Releases 156
Total Transfers 158
Facilities and Forms 158
Releases by Media 159
Transfers by Type 162
Changes in Releases and Transfers by State 166
1992-1993 Comparisons 166
1988-1993 Comparisons 167
Changes in Releases and Transfers by Industry 173
1992-1993 Comparisons 173
1988-1993 Comparisons 173
Facilities with Greatest Changes in Releases 184
TRI and Economic Data 203
Changes in Releases and Transfers by Chemical 205
1992-1993 Comparisons 205
1988-1993 Changes 205
CHAPTER 4: TRI REPORTING PROFILES FOR 33/50 PROGRAM CHEMICALS 261
Introduction 261
Summary of Findings 262
33/50 Program Chemicals Continue Trend Toward Early
Achievement of 1995 Reduction Goal 262
Total 33/50 Program Chemical Production-Related
Waste Projected to Decline 262
Source Reduction Activity Highlights 263
Company Participation in the 33/50 Program 264
Numbers of Companies Participating 264
Reductions Pledged by Participating Companies 264
Actual Reductions Out-Pacing Pledges 266
33/50 Program Releases and Transfers 266
33/50 Program Chemical Reductions vs. Reductions
for Other TRI Chemicals 267
33/50 Program Chemical Releases and Transfers,
by Medium/Transfer Type and by Chemical 269
Transfers to Energy Recovery and Recycling 276
33/50 Program Chemicals in Waste 279
33/50 Program Chemicals in Waste, by Medium/Management
Method and by Chemical 281
Source Reduction Reporting for 33/50 Program Chemicals 288
Source Reduction Activities 288
Methods Used to Identify Source Reduction Opportunities 292
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Contents
Looking to the Future: An Agenda for Action 293
Recognizing Companies' 33/50 Program Achievements 293
33/50 Program Awards 293
33/50The Next Generation 294
Call for Comments 294
For More Information 296
APPENDIX A: QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A-1
Alternate Threshold for Facilities with Reportable Amounts A-1
Industry Expansion A-3
Questions on the Federal Facilities Executive Order A-5
Questions on the TRI List of Chemicals A-6
Pollution Prevention Questions A-10
Exposure and Health Effects Questions A-15
Compliance and Enforcement Questions A-18
33/50 Program Questions A-19
Air Questions A-20
Water Questions A-23
Underground Injection Questions A-27
Solid and Hazardous Waste Questions A-28
APPENDIX B PUBLIC ACCESS TO THE TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY B-1
Accessing Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) Products and Services B-2
Assistance Services B-2
On-line Access B-2
Public Access Servers and Bulletin Boards B-3
Electronic Media B-5
Printed Media B-5
Guidance Documents B-6
Ordering Information B-7
APPENDIX C TRI DATA QUALITY PROGRAM C-1
Identification and Assistance to Facilities C-1
Data Entry Quality Activities C-1
Correction and Normalization of Data C-1
Accuracy Evaluation C-2
Compliance Activities C-3
APPENDIX D: SUMMARY OF EPA PROGRAM OFFICE, REGIONAL OFFICE,
AND STATE USES OF TRI DATA D-1
EPA Program Office Use D-1
Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance (OECA) D-1
Office of Air and Radiation (OAR) D-2
Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (OPPT) D-3
iv
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Contents
Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER) D-3
Office of Water (OW) D-4
Region and State Use of TRI Data D-5
Regions' Use of TRI D-5
Targeting Project D-5
TRIPQUIC D-6
States' Use of TRI D-6
Healthy People 2000 D-6
TRI Used to Identify Customers D-6
Waste Reduction Assistance Program D-7
Multi-Media Waste Reduction Targeting D-7
APPENDIX E: REGULATORY MATRIX: TRI CHEMICALS
IN OTHER FEDERAL PROGRAMS E-1
APPENDIX F: TRI FORM R FOR 1993 F-1
APPENDIX G: EPA REGIONAL OFFICE AND STATE TRI CONTACTS G-1
EPA Regional Section 313 Coordinators G-1
State TRI Public Contacts G-3
TABLES
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Table E-1. Top 10 Parent Companies, Total Releases ES-9
Table E-2. Top 10 Parent Companies, Air/Water/Land Releases ES-10
Table E-3. Top 10 Chemicals, Air ES-11
Table E-4. Top 10 Chemicals, Surface Water ES-11
Table E-5. Top 10 Chemicals, Underground Injection ES-11
Table E-6. Top 10 Chemicals, Land ES-11
Table E-7. Carcinogens with Largest Air/Water/Land Releases ES-12
Table E-8. Top 10 Chemicals, Recycling ES-15
Table E-9. Top 10 Chemicals, Energy Recovery ES-15
Table E-10. Top 10 Chemicals, Treatment ES-15
Table E-11. Top 10 Chemicals, Release/Disposal ES-15
Table E-12. Source Reduction Activity Reporting by Category of Activity, 1993 ES-16
Table E-13. Source Reduction Activity Reporting by Industry, 1993 ES-16
Table E-14. Source Reduction Activity Reporting by Chemical, 1993 ES-16
Table E-15. Change in Releases and Transfers, 1992-1993 ES-17
Table E-16. Top 10 Industries, 1988-1993 Percentage Decrease in Total Releases ES-20
Table E-17. Top 10 Chemicals, 1992-1993 Decrease in Total Releases ES-21
Table E-18. Top 10 Chemicals, 1988-1993 Decrease in Total Releases ES-21
Table E-19. Top 10 Chemicals, 1988"-1993 Increase in Total Releases ES-21
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Contents
CHAPTER 1: 1993 TRI RELEASES AND TRANSFERS
Table 1-1. TRI Releases, 1993 14
Table 1-2. TRI Transfers, 1993 15
Table 1-3. TRI Releases by State, 1993 18
Table 1-4. TRI Transfers by State, 1993 19
Table 1-5. TRI Releases to Air, Water, and Land by State, 1993 20
Table 1-6. TRI Releases by State, 1993 21
Table 1-7. Transfers of TRI Chemicals in Wastes Within a State, 1993 22
Table 1-8. Receipt of TRI Chemicals in Wastes from Out of State, 1993 23
Table 1-9. Total Transfers of TRI Chemicals Received, Including Intrastate Transfers
and Transfers into the State, 1993 24
Table 1-10. Transfers of TRI Chemicals in Wastes Out of State, 1993 25
Table 1-11. States with Net Imports of TRI Chemicals in Wastes (Transfers Received
from Out of State Minus Transfers Sent Out of State), 1993 26
Table 1-12. States with Net Exports of TRI Chemicals in Wastes (Transfers Sent Out
of State Minus Transfers Received from Out of State), 1993 27
Table 1-13. Top 50 U.S. Counties for Air/Water/Land Releases, 1993 29
Table 1-14. TRI Releases by Industry, 1993 32
Table 1-15. TRI Transfers by Industry, 1993 33
Table 1-16. Top 25 Combinations of Multiple Two-Digit SIC Codes 20-39
for TRI Releases, 1993 35
Table 1-17. TRI Releases in Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SIC 28),
by Three-Digit SIC Code, 1993 35
Table 1-18. Top 50 TRI Facilities with the Largest Air/Water/Land Releases, 1993 36
Table 1-19. Top 50 TRI Facilities with the Largest Total Releases, 1993 38
Table 1-20. Top 10 TRI Parent Companies with the Largest Air/Water/Land
Releases, 1993 40
Table 1-21. Top 10 TRI Parent Companies with the Largest Total Releases, 1993 40
Table 1-22. TRI Releases from U.S. Department of Energy Facilities, 1993 41
Table 1-23. TRI Transfers from U.S. Department of Energy Facilities, 1993 41
Table 1-24. Top 50 TRI Chemicals with the Largest Air/Water/Land Releases, 1993 44
Table 1-25. Top 50 TRI Chemicals with the Largest Total Releases, 1993 45
Table 1-26. Top 15 TRI Chemicals with the Largest Emissions to Air, 1993 46
Table 1-27. Top 15 TRI Chemicals with the Largest Discharges to Surface Water, 1993 46
Table 1-28. Top 15 TRI Chemicals with the Largest Underground Injection, 1993 47
Table 1-29. Top 15 TRI Chemicals with the Largest Releases to Land, 1993 47
Table 1-30. Top 15 TRI Chemicals with the Largest Off-site Transfers
for Recycling, 1993 48
Table 1-31. Top 15 TRI Chemicals with the Largest Off-site Transfers
for Energy Recovery, 1993 48
Table 1-32. Top 15 TRI Chemicals with the Largest Off-site Transfers
for Treatment, 1993 49
Table 1-33. Top 15 TRI Chemicals with the Largest Off-site Transfers
to Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTWs), 1993 49
VI
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Contents
Table 1-34. Top 15 TRI Chemicals with the Largest Off-site Transfers
for Disposal, 1993 , 50
Table 1-35. Releases of TRI Metals and Metal Compounds, 1993 56
Table 1-36. Transfers of TRI Metals and Metal Compounds, 1993 57
Table 1-37. Air, Water, and Land Releases of Metals and Metal Compounds,
by State, 1993 58
Table 1-38. Air, Water, and Land Releases of Metals and Metal Compounds,
by Industry, 1993 60
Table 1-39. TRI Releases of Ozone Depleters, 1993 63
Table 1-40. TRI Transfers of Ozone Depleters, 1993 63
Table 1-41. TRI Releases to Air of Ozone Depleters, by State, 1993 64
Table 1-42. TRI Releases to Air of Ozone Depleters, by Industry, 1993 66
Table 1-43. TRI Releases of Known or Suspect Carcinogens to Air, Water,
and Land, 1993 70
Table 1-44. TRI Air, Water, and Land Releases of Carcinogens, by State, 1993 72
Table 1-45. Air/Water/Land Releases of Carcinogens, by Industry, 1993 74
Table 1-46. Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1993 76
CHAPTER 2: PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF TRI CHEMICALS IN WASTE
Table 2-1. Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, 1991-1993 93
Table 2-2. Actual and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, 1991-1995 95
Table 2-3. Actual and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, 1992-1995,
Based on 1993 Forms Reporting Consistent Data 95
Table 2-4. Actual and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste,
by State, 1992-1995 96
Table 2-5. Actual and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste,
by Industry, 1992-1995 106
Table 2-6. Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, by Chemical, 1993 110
Table 2-7. Top 25 Chemicals Reported as Recycled, 1993 122
Table 2-8. Top 25 Chemicals Reported as Used for Energy Recovery, 1993 123
Table 2-9. Top 25 Chemicals Reported as Treated, 1993 124
Table 2-10. Top 25 Chemicals Reported as Released (Includes Off-site
Disposal), 1993 125
Table 2-11. Difference in Release and Transfer Data and
Waste Management Data, 1993 127
Table 2-12. Methods Used to Identify Source Reduction Activity
for Each Source Reduction Activity, 1993 132
Table 2-13. Number of TRI Facilities and Forms Reporting Source Reduction,
by Source Reduction Category, by State, 1993 134
Table 2-14. Methods Used to Identify Reported Source Reduction Activities,
by State, 1993 136
Table 2-15. Number of TRI Facilities and Forms Reporting Source Reduction,
by Industry, 1991-1993 138
VII
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Contents
Table 2-16. Number of TRI Facilities and Forms Reporting Source Reduction,
by Source Reduction Category, by Industry, 1993 140
Table 2-17. Methods Used to Identify Reported Source Reduction Activities,
by Industry, 1993 142
Table 2-18. Number of Forms Reporting Source Reduction, by Source Reduction
Category, for the Top 50 TRI Chemicals by Number of Forms
Reporting Source Reduction Activities, 1993 144
Table 2-19. Methods Used to Identify Source Reduction Activities for
the Top 50 TRI Chemicals by Number of Forms Reporting
Source Reduction Activities, 1993 146
Table 2-20. Distribution of Production Index 149
Table 2-21. Change in Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste from 1992 to 1993
for Facilities Reporting Source Reduction Activities 151
Table 2-22. Change in Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste from 1992 to 1993
for Facilities Not Reporting Source Reduction Activities 151
CHAPTER 3: YEAR-TO-YEAR COMPARISON OF TRI DATA
Table 3-1. Comparison of TRI Releases and Transfers, 1992-1993 158
Table 3-2. Comparison of TRI Releases and Transfers, 1988, 1991-1993 159
Table 3-3. Change in Total TRI Releases by State, 1992-1993 168
Table 3-4. Change in Total TRI Releases by State, 1988-1993 170
Table 3-5. TRI Releases and Transfers by State, 1988, 1991-1993 174
Table 3-6. Change in Total TRI Releases by Industry, 1992-1993 184
Table 3-7. Change in Total TRI Releases by Industry, 1988-1993 185
Table 3-8. TRI Releases and Transfers by Industry, 1988, 1991-1993 186
Table 3-9. Top 50 TRI Facilities with the Largest Decrease in Air, Water,
and Land Releases, 1992-1993 192
Table 3-10. Top 50 TRI Facilities with the Largest Increase in Air, Water,
and Land Releases, 1992-1993 196
Table 3-11. Top 50 TRI Facilities with the Largest Decrease
in Underground Injection, 1992-1993 200
Table 3-12. Top 50 TRI Facilities with the Largest Increase
in Underground Injection, 1992-1993 202
Table 3-13. Ratio of Shipments to TRI Releases and Transfers
for Manufacturing Industries, 1988-1992 206
Table 3-14. Growth Rates in Ratio of Shipments to TRI Releases and Transfers
for Manufacturing Industries, 1988-1992 206
Table 3-15. Top 20 Chemicals for Decreases in Total Releases, 1992-1993 208
Table 3-16. Top 20 Chemicals for Increases in Total Releases, 1992-1993 208
Table 3-17. Top 20 Chemicals for Decreases in Total Releases, 1988-1993 209
Table 3-18. Top 20 Chemicals for Decreases in Number of Forms Submitted, 1988-1993.. 209
Table 3-19. Top 20 Chemicals for Increases in Total Releases, 1988-1993 211
Table 3-20. Top 20 Chemicals for Increases in Number of Forms Submitted, 1988-1993 .. 211
Table 3-21. Change in TRI Releases to Air, Water, and Land
for Ozone Depleters, 1988-1993 212
viii
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Contents
Table 3-22. Change in TRI Releases to Air/Water/Land for Carcinogens
with Largest 1993 Air, Water, and Land Releases, 1988-1993 213
Table 3-23. Releases and Trasnfers of TRI Chemicals Reported, 1988, 1991-1993 214
CHAPTER 4: TRI REPORTING PROFILES FOR 33/50 PROGRAM CHEMICALS
Table 4-1. Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals Compared to
Other TRI Chemicals, 1988, 1990, 1992-1993 267
Table 4-2. TRI Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988, 1991-1993... 270
Table 4-3. Total Production-Related Waste for 33/50 Chemicals Compared to
Other TRI Chemicals, 1991-1995 280
Table 4-4. Quantity of 33/50 Chemicals Recycled On-site and Off-site,
by Chemical, 1991-1995 282
Table 4-5 Quantity of 33/50 Chemicals Used for Energy Recovery On-site
and Off-site, by Chemical, 1991-1995 283
Table 4-6. Quantity of 33/50 Chemicals Treated On-site and Off-site,
by Chemical, 1991-1995 284
Table 4-7. Total Quantity of 33/50 Chemicals Released, by Chemical, 1991-1995 285
Table 4-8. Total Quantity of 33/50 Chemicals in Production-Related Waste,
by Chemical, 1991-1995 285
Table 4-9. Number of TRI Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity,
by 33/50 Program Chemical, 1991-1993 291
Table 4-10. Number of TRI Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity,
by Category, by Chemical, 1993 292
Table 4-11. Methods Used to Identify Source Reduction Activity,
by 33/50 Program Chemical, 1993 294
FIGURES
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Figure E-l. On-site Releases, 1993 ES-3
Figure E-2. Distribution of Releases, 1993 ES-3
Figure E-3. Off-site Transfers, 1993 ES-5
Figure E-4. Distribution of Transfers, 1993 ES-5
Figure E-5. Top Five States for Largest Total TRI Releases, 1993 ES-6
Figure E-6. Top 10 States, Total Releases ES-6
Figure E-7. Top Five States for Largest TRI Releases to Air, Water, and Land, 1993 ES-7
Figure E-8. Top 10 States Air/Water/Land Releases ES-7
Figure E-9. Top 10 Industries, Total Releases ES-8
Figure E-10. Top 10 Industries, Transfers ES-8
Figure E-l 1. Top 10 Facilities for Largest Total TRI Releases, 1993 ES-9
Figure E-12. Top 10 Facilities for Largest TRI Releases to Air, Water, and Land, 1993 ... ES-10
Figure E-13. Top 10 States, Carcinogen Releases (Air/Water/Land) ES-12
IX
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Contents
Figure E-14. Top 10 Industries, Carcinogen Releases (Air/Water/Land) ES-12
Figure E-15. Waste Management Hierarchy ES-13
Figure E-16. Quantities of TRI Chemicals Managed in Waste, 1993 ES-13
Figure E-17. Top 10 Industries, Production-Related Waste, 1993 ES-14
Figure E-18. Quantities of TRI Chemicals Managed in Waste, Actual and Projected,
1991-1995 ES-14
Figure E-19. Change in Total Releases, 1988-1993 ES-17
Figure E-20. Top 10 States, 1992-1993 Decrease in Total Releases ES-18
Figure E-21. Percent Change in Total Releases, by State, 1992-1993 ES-18
Figure E-22. Top 10 States, 1988-1993 Decrease in Total Releases ES-19
Figure E-23. Percent Change in Total Releases, by State, 1988-1993 ES-19
Figure E-24. Top 10 Industries, 1992-1993 Decrease in Total Releases ES-20
Figure E-25. Top 10 Industries, 1988-1993 Decrease in Total Releases ES-20
Figure E-26. 33/50 Program Progress: 1988-1993 Change ES-22
Figure E-27. Reduction in Releases and Transfers: 33/50 Program Chemicals vs.
Other TRI Chemicals, 1988-1993 ES-23
Figure E-28. Change in Production-Related Waste, 33/50 Program Chemicals vs.
Other TRI Chemicals, 1991-1995 ES-23
CHAPTER 1: 1993 TRI RELEASES AND TRANSFERS
Figure 1-1. On-site Releases and Off-site Transfers Reported to TRI 10
Figure 1-2. Distribution of TRI Releases, 1993 14
Figure 1-3. Distribution of TRI Transfers, 1993 15
Figure 1-4. TRI Releases by State, 1993 16
Figure 1-5. TRI Transfers by State, 1993 17
Figure 1-6. Top 10% of U.S. Counties for Total Air/Water/Land Releases, 1993 28
Figure 1-7 TRI Releases and Transfers by Industry, 1993 34
Figure 1-8. Top 25 Facilities with the Largest Air/Water/Land Releases, 1993 37
Figure 1-9. Top 25 Facilities with the Largest Total Releases, 1993 39
Figure 1-10. Total Air, Water, and Land Releases of Metals and Metal Compounds
by State, 1993 59
Figure 1-11. Top Five Industries for Air/Water/Land Releases of Metals and
Metal Compounds, 1993 60
Figure 1-12. TRI Releases to Air of Ozone Depleters, by State, 1993 65
Figure 1-13. Top 10 Industries for Releases to Air of Ozone Depleters, 1993 66
Figure 1-14. TRI Total Air, Water, and Land Releases of Carcinogens by State, 1993 73
Figure 1-15. Top 10 Industries for Air/Water/Land Releases of Carcinogens, 1993 75
CHAPTER 2: PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF TRI CHEMICALS IN WASTE
Figure 2-1. Waste Management Hierarchy 89
Figure 2-2. Waste Management Information Collected under TRI 91
Figure 2-3. Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste, by Activity, 1993 93
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Contents
CHAPTER 3: YEAR-TO-YEAR COMPARISON OF TRI DATA
Figure 3-1. Facilities Reporting and Forms Submitted, 1988-1993 160
Figure 3-2. TRI Total Air Emissions, 1988-1993 161
Figure 3-3. TRI Surface Water Discharges, 1988-1993 161
Figure 3-4. TRI Underground Injection, 1988-1993 162
Figure 3-5. TRI Releases to Land, 1988-1993 163
Figure 3-6. TRI Transfers to Recycling, 1991-1993 163
Figure 3-7. TRI Transfers to Energy Recovery, 1991-1993 164
Figure 3-8. TRI Transfers to Treatment, 1988-1993 165
Figure 3-9. TRI Transfers to POTWs, 1988-1993 165
Figure 3-10. TRI Transfers to Disposal, 1988-1993 166
Figure 3-11. Percent Change in Total TRI Releases by State, 1992-1993 169
Figure 3-12. Percent Change in Total TRI Releases by State, 1988-1993 171
Figure 3-13. Total TRI Releases, 1988-1993, of Top Five States for Total Releases
in 1993 172
CHAPTER 4: TRI REPORTING PROFILES FOR 33/50 PROGRAM CHEMICALS
Figure 4-1. TRI Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988-1993 263
Figure 4-2. Percent Change in Total Production-Related Wastes, 33/50 Chemicals
vs. Other TRI Chemicals, 1991-1995 264
Figure 4-3. 33/50 Program Participant Status, February 1995 265
Figure 4-4. Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals Compared
to Other TRI Chemicals, 1988-1993 268
Figure 4-5. Year-to-Year Reduction Comparisons: Releases and Transfers
of 33/50 Program Chemicals vs. Other TRI Chemicals, 1988-1993 269
Figure 4-6. TRI Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals,
by Chemical, 1988-1993 275
Figure 4-7. Percentage Change in Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals
(Organics vs. Inorganics), 1988-1993 276
Figure 4-8. Percentage Change in Total Releases and Transfers of
33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988-1993 277
Figure 4-9. TRI Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals,
by Release Medium and Transfer Type, 1988-1993 278
Figure 4-10. Percentage Change in Releases and Transfers
by Release Medium or Transfer Type, 1988-1993 279
Figure 4-11. Contribution to Reductions in Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program
Chemicals by Release Medium or Transfer Type, 1988-1993 279
Figure 4-12. Total Production-Related Waste, 33/50 Program Chemicals,
Actual and Projected, 1991-1995 286
Figure 4-13. Percentage Change in Total Production-Related Waste,
33/50 Program Chemicals, Actual and Projected, 1991-1995 287
XI
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Contents
Figure 4-14. TRI Data Collected Under the Pollution Prevention Act
for 33/50 Program Chemicals, by Management Type,
Actual and Projected, 1991-1995 289
Figure 4-15. Percentage Change in Waste Management Practices,
33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988-1993 290
BOXES
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Box E-l. Who Must Report to TRI? ES-1
Box E-2. What Must Be Reported? ES-1
Box E-3. An Explanation of Releases ES-2
Box E-4. An Explanation of Off-site Transfers ES-4
Box E-5. Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Codes ES-8
Box E-6. 17 Priority Chemicals Targeted by the 33/50 Program ES-22
CHAPTER 1: 1993 TRI RELEASES AND TRANSFERS
Box 1-1. An Explanation of Releases 11
Box 1-2. An Explanation of Transfers 12
Box 1-3. Potential Adverse Human Health and Environmental Effects of the
Top 25 TRI Chemicals for Total Releases, 1993 43
Box 1-4. Potential Adverse Human Health and Environmental Effects of
Metals and Metal Compounds 55
Box 1-5. Basis of OSHA Carcinogen Listing for Individual Chemicals 68
CHAPTER 2: PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF TRI CHEMICALS IN WASTE
Box 2-1. What Does This Waste Management Information Represent? 92
Box 2-2. What is Source Reduction? 130
Box 2-3. Source Reduction Activity Codes 131
Box 2-4. Calculating Changes in Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste
Relative to Production 150
CHAPTER 3: YEAR-TO-YEAR COMPARISON OF TRI DATA 155
Box 3-1. An Explanation of Changes in Reporting Methods for Aqueous Ammonia
and Ammonium Sulfate (Solution) 157
Box 3-2. Reasons Facility Release and Transfer Estimates Change 190
CHAPTER 4: TRI REPORTING PROFILES FOR 33/50 PROGRAM CHEMICALS
Box 4-1. 33/50 Program Chemicals 262
Box 4-2, 33/50 Program Chemical Identities 274
XII
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1993 Toxics Release Inventory
Public Data Release
Executive Summary
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1993 TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION:
WHAT IS THE TOXICS RELEASE
INVENTORY?
The Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) is a
database which provides information to the
public about releases of toxic chemicals from
manufacturing facilities into the environment.
TRI was established under the Emergency
Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of
1986 and expanded under the Pollution
Prevention Act of 1990. Facilities report their
TRI information annually to EPA and to the
state in which they are located.
Who Must Report to TRI?
A facility must report to TRI if it:
Conducts manufacturing operations
within Standard Industrial Classification
(SIC) codes 20 through 39 (see Box E-5);
Has 10 or more full-time employees; and
Manufactures or processes more than
25,000 pounds or uses more than 10,000
pounds of any listed chemical during the
calendar year.
What Must Be Reported?
Information reported by facilities includes:
Amounts of each listed chemical released
to the environment at the facility;
Amounts of each chemical shipped from
the facility to other locations for
recycling, energy recovery, treatment, or
disposal;
Amounts of each chemical recycled,
burned for energy recovery, or treated at
the facility;
Maximum amount of the chemical
present on-site at the facility during the
year;
Types of activities conducted at the
facility involving the toxic chemical;
Source reduction activities undertaken to
prevent pollution and waste generation;
Environmental permits held by the
facility;
Name and telephone number of a person
to contact at the facility for more
information.
Box E-1.
Box E-2.
ES-1
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Executive Summary
An Explanation of Releases
Releases. A release is an on-site discharge of a toxic chemical to the environment. This includes emissions to
the air, discharges to bodies of water, releases at the facility to land, as well as contained disposal into
underground injection wells.
Air Releases. Releases to air are reported either as stack or fugitive emissions. Stack emissions are releases to
air that occur through confined air streams, such as stacks, vents, ducts, or pipes. Fugitive emissions are all
releases to air that are not released through a confined air stream. Fugitive emissions include equipment leaks,
evaporative losses from surface impoundments and spills, and releases from building ventilation systems.
Surface Water Releases. Releases to water include discharges to streams, rivers, lakes, oceans, and other bodies
of water. This includes releases from contained sources, such as industrial process outflow pipes or open
trenches. Releases due to runoff, including stormwater runoff, are also reportable to TRI.
Underground Injection. Underground injection is a contained release of a fluid into a subsurface well for the
purpose of waste disposal. Most underground injection reported to TRI involves injection of waste into Class I
or Class V wells. Class I wells are used to inject liquid hazardous wastes or industrial and municipal waste-
waters beneath the lowermost underground source of drinking water. Class V wells are generally used to inject
non-hazardous fluid into or above an underground source of drinking water. Currently, TRI reporting does not
distinguish between these two types of wells, although there are important differences in environmental impact.
Land Releases. Releases to land occur within the boundaries of the reporting facility. Releases to land include
disposal of toxic chemicals in landfills (in which wastes are buried), land treatment/application farming (in
which a waste containing a listed chemical is applied to or incorporated into soil), surface impoundments (which
are uncovered holding areas used to volatilize and/or settle waste materials), and other land disposal methods
(such as spills, leaks, or waste piles).
Box E-3.
CHAPTER 1:
1993 TRI RELEASES AND
TRANSFERS
For 1993, TRI reporting was required for 316
chemicals and 20 chemical categories. Facili-
ties file a separate reporting form, called a
"Form R," for each chemical they manufacture,
process, or use in excess of reporting thresholds.
Facilities report the amount of each listed
chemical they release to the air, water, and land,
as well as the amount they inject into under-
ground disposal wells. Box E-3 explains these
release types.
TRI data alone cannot indicate the risk that
chemical releases pose to human health and the
environment. Though the TRI data are useful as
a starting point in identifying potential risks,
other information is required to evaluate the risk
in a particular area. A determination of risk
depends on many factors, including: the
toxicity of the chemical, the extent of exposure,
the type of release, and the conditions of the
environment. For example, small releases of
highly toxic chemicals may present a greater
risk than large releases of less toxic chemicals.
Direct releases, such as air emissions, may pose
a greater threat to human health and the environ-
ment than more contained releases, such as
underground injection.
ES-2
-------
Executive Summary
Air
1,672 million
pounds
Underground
Injection
576 million
pounds
On-site Releases
1993
Surface Water
271 million
pounds
Land
289 million
pounds
Figure E-1.
On-Site Releases
More than 23,000 facilities filed nearly 80,000
Form Rs for 1993. These facilities released
more than 2.8 billion pounds of listed toxic
chemicals into the nation's environment in
1993. Figure E-1 shows the quantity of listed
chemicals released to the air, water, and land
and injected underground.
Figure E-2 shows the distribution of toxic
chemical releases by type of release. Air
emissions constituted nearly 60% of all toxic
chemical releases in 1993. Surface water
releases, which include releases to rivers, lakes,
oceans, and other bodies of water, accounted for
nearly 10% of all releases. Releases to land,
which include landfills, surface impoundments,
and other types of land disposal, accounted for
about 10% of all releases.
Distribution of Releases
1993
Underground
Injection
20.5%
Surface
Water
9.7%
Land
10.3%
Figure E-2.
ES-3
-------
Executive Summary
An Explanation of Off-site Transfers
Off-site Transfers. An off-site transfer is a shipment of toxic chemicals in waste to a facility that is
geographically or physically separate from the facility reporting under TRI. Off-site transfers represent a
movement of the chemical away from the reporting facility.
Transfers to Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTWs). A POTW is a wastewater treatment facility (sewage
treatment plant) that is owned by a state or municipality. Wastewaters are transferred through pipes or sewers to
a POTW. Treatment or removal of a chemical from the wastewater depends upon the nature of the chemical, as
well as the treatment methods used by the POTW. Not all TRI chemicals can be treated or removed by a
POTW. Some chemicals are destroyed in treatment. Others may evaporate into the atmosphere. Some
chemicals, such as metals, are removed but are not destroyed by treatment and may be disposed of in landfills.
Some chemicals pass through the POTW and are discharged to receiving waters.
Transfers Off-site for Recycling. Toxic chemicals sent off-site for recycling may be recovered or regenerated
by a variety of methods, including solvent recovery, metals recovery, and acid regeneration. Once recycled,
these chemicals may be returned to the originating facility or sold for further processing or use.
Transfers Off-site for Energy Recovery. Toxic chemicals sent off-site for energy recovery are combusted off-
site in industrial furnaces (including kilns) or boilers that generate heat or energy for use at that off-site location.
Treatment of a chemical by incineration is not considered to be energy recovery.
Transfers Off-site for Treatment. Toxic chemicals sent off-site may be treated through a variety of methods,
including biological treatment, neutralization, incineration, and physical separation. These methods result in
varying degrees of destruction of the toxic chemical. In some cases (such as stabilization or solidification), the
chemical is not destroyed but is prepared for further waste management, such as contained disposal.
Transfers Off-site for Disposal. Toxic chemicals sent off-site to a facility for disposal generally are either
released to land or injected underground (see Box E-3 above) at the off-site location.
Other Off-site Transfers. In this report, "other off-site transfers" means transfers that were reported without an
appropriate waste management activity code and therefore could not be assigned to a transfer category.
Box E-4.
Off-site Transfers
Facilities also must report the amounts of each
listed chemical they ship to other locations for
recycling, energy recovery, treatment, or
disposal. Except for off-site transfers for
disposal, these quantities do not necessarily
represent entry of the chemical into the
environment. Box E-4 explains each transfer
type.
Transfers for treatment and disposal have been
reported since 1987. Transfers for recycling and
energy recovery have been reported since 1991.
In addition to quantities transferred, facilities
also must provide the name and location of the
site which will receive the shipment.
ES-4
-------
Executive Summary
Off-site Transfers
1993
POTWs
314 million
pounds
Recycling
3,252 million
pounds
Treatment
328 million
pounds
Energy
Recovery
487 million
pounds
Disposal
325 million
pounds
Figure E-3.Q
In 1993, facilities transferred more than 4.7
billion pounds of toxic chemicals in waste to
off-site locations for recycling, energy recovery,
treatment, and disposal. Figure E-3 shows the
quantity of toxic chemicals transferred to off-
site locations for each type of waste manage-
ment activity.
Figure E-4 shows the distribution of transfers by
waste management activity. Transfers of toxic
chemicals to off-site locations for recycling
accounted for 69% of all transfers. Less than
7% of all transfers were sent to off-site locations
for disposal.
Distribution of Transfers
1993
Disposal
POTWs 6'9%
6.7%
Treatment
7.0%
Energy
Recovery
10.3%
iRecycling
59.1%
Figure E-4.Q
Does not include "other" off-site transfers, i.e., those reported without valid waste management codes (2 million pounds).
ES-5
-------
Executive Summary
Top Five States for Largest Total TRI Releases, 1993
(Includes Underground Injection)
,*J Ohio
138,034,559 Ibs.
JjTennessee
188,207,643 Ibs
JJ Louisiana
450,680,961 Ibs.
5J Mississippi
118,019,466 Ibs.
Figure E-5.
Top 10 States
Total Releases
100 200 300 400
Millions of Pounds
500
Figure E-6.
ES-6
Total Releases by State, 1993
(Includes Underground Injection)
Figures E-5 and E-6 show the states with the
largest quantities of reported toxic chemical
releases in 1993, including releases to air, water,
and land, as well as underground injection.
The total quantity of releases reported by these
states does not necessarily indicate that risks
from toxic chemicals are highest in these states.
Release totals do not take into account the
geographic size of the state or the size of the
state's population. As discussed above, the risk
from releases of toxic chemicals depends on a
variety of factors, including the type of release,
the toxicity of the chemical, and the proximity
of populations to the releases.
-------
Executive Summary
Top Five States for Largest TRI Releases to Air, Water, and Land, 1993
(Excludes Underground Injection)
SjTennessee
125,982,803 Ibs.
Jj Louisiana
292,589,221 Ibs.
Figure E-7.
Air/Water/Land Releases by State,
1993 (Excludes Underground Injection)
Figures E-7 and E-8 show the states with the
largest quantities of reported toxic chemical
releases in 1993, excluding underground
injection. This alternative ranking method is
presented because releases to properly designed
and constructed Class I injection wells have
much lower exposure potentials than other,
more direct forms of release.
Excluding underground injection from the
release totals does not change the rankings for
the top four states. However, Mississippi,
which is ranked fifth for total releases, drops to
14th if underground injection is excluded.
Top 10 States
Air/Water/Land
Releases
Mich.
100 200
Millions of Pounds
300
Figure E-8.
ES-7
-------
Executive Summary
Standard Industrial Classification
(SIC) Codes
20 Food and kindred products
21 Tobacco products
22 Textile mill products
23 Apparel and other finished products made from fabrics
and similar materials
24 Lumber and wood products, except furniture
25 Furniture and fixtures
26 Paper and allied products
27 Printing, publishing, and allied industries
28 Chemicals and allied products
29 Petroleum refining and related industries
30 Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products
31 Leather and leather products
32 Stone, clay, glass, and concrete products
33 Primary metal industries
34 Fabricated metal products, except machinery and
transportation equipment
35 Industrial and commercial machinery and computer
equipment
36 Electronic and other electrical equipment and
components, except computer equipment
37 Transportation equipment
38 Measuring, analyzing, and controlling instruments;
photographic, medical and optical goods; watches
and clocks
39 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries
Box E-5.
Millions of Pounds
1,400
1.200 HIS
Top 10 Industries
Total Releases
(Includes Underground
Injection)
Releases and Transfers
by Industry, 1993
Only manufacturing facilities in SIC codes 20
through 39 were required to report to TRI for
1993. Box E-5 lists the industry groups
currently subject to TRI, along with their
corresponding SIC codes. Federal facilities will
be required to report to TRI beginning with the
1994 reporting year, and other industry groups
are currently under consideration for future
addition to the reporting requirements.
Figure E-9 presents the 10 industries with the
largest quantities of reported toxic chemical
releases, including underground injection, in
1993. The same industries comprise the top 10
for releases to air, water, and land (excluding
underground injection). Figure E-10 presents
the 10 industries with the largest total transfers
to off-site locations.
Millions of Pounds
1,200
1,000-I p| |ซ
800-
600-
400-
200-
Top 10 Industries
Transfers
o
Figure E-9.Q
Figure E-10.
Multiple Codes: Facilities/forms that reported more than one 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 [e.g., paper (26) and
chemicals (28)].
ES-8
-------
Executive Summary
Top 10 Facilities for Largest Total TRI Releases, 1993
(Includes Underground Injection)
6 I DuPont
New Johnsonville, TN
51,215,700 Ibs.
7 I Asarco Inc.
East Helena, MT
42,728,498 Ibs.
3J Magnesium Corp.
of America
Rowley, UT
73,300,250 Ibs.
Courtaulds Fibers Inc.
Axis.AL
42,658,865 Ibs.
2J Cytec Industries Inc.
Westwego, LA
120,149,724 Ibs.
DuPont
Beaumont, TX
36,817,348 Ibs.
5 j DuPont
Pass Christian, MS
58,875,734 Ibs.
1 I IMC-Agrlco Co.
Saint James, LA
127,912,967 Ibs.
4 I IMC-Agrlco Co.
Uncle Sam, LA
61,807,180 Ibs.
9J Monsanto Co
Alvin, TX
40,517,095 Ibs
Figure E-11.
Figure E-l 1 shows the 10 facilities which
reported the largest quantities of TRI releases,
including underground injection, in 1993. The
label next to each facility on the map lists the
facility name, the city and state in which it is
located, and the total quantity of TRI releases in
1993.
All facilities must report the name of their
parent company, if applicable, on their Form Rs.
The parent company is the highest-level
company which owns or controls the reporting
facility. Table E-l lists the top ten parent
companies for total TRI releases, including
underground injection. Together, these 10
companies accounted for only 1.6% of all TRI
reporting facilities and 4.0% of all forms filed,
yet they accounted for 31.5% of total TRI
releases in 1993.
Top 10 Parent Companies
Total Releases
Company Name
Total
Facilities Releases
Number Pounds
DuPont
Freeport-McMoran Inc.
American Cyanamid
Renco Holdings Inc.
Asarco Inc.
Monsanto Co.
Eastman Kodak Co.
BP America
Courtaulds United States
General Motors Corp.
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Facilities
77
4
32
6
13
29
21
56
11
129
206,025,321
193,760,607
124,640,754
74,507,492
57,057,182
55,032,422
49,926,822
44,534,370
43,728,541
36,319,810
378 885,533,321
23,321 2,808,618.413
Table E-1.0
American Cyanamid no longer exists, but was in existence during 1993. Many of the releases attributed to American Cyanamid
in 1993 will be associated with Cytec Industries in future years.
ES-9
-------
Executive Summary
Top 10 Facilities for Largest TRI Releases to Air, Water, and Land, 1993
(Excludes Underground Injection)
Elkem Metals Co.
Marietta, OH
18,604,572 Ibs.
Eastman Chemical Co.
Wngsport, TN
29,339,677 Ibs.
Asarco Inc.
East Helena, MT
42,728,498 Ibs.
2 I Magnesium Corp.
of America
Rowley, UT
73,300,250 Ibs.
jSjCourtaulds Fibers Inc.
Axis,AL
42,658,865 Ibs.
Lenzlng Fibers Corp.
Lowland, TN
22,272,515 Ibs.
10] Phelps Dodge
Mining Co.
Playas, NM
14,773,759 Ibs.
IMC-Agrico Co
Uncle Sam, LA
61,807,180 Ibs.
Arcadian Fertilizer L.P.
Geismar, LA
22,672,961 Ibs.
IMC-Agrlco Co.
Saint James, LA
127,912,967 Ibs.
Figure E-12.
Top 10 Parent Companies
Air/Water/Land Releases
Company Name
Total Air/
Water/Land
Facilities Releases
Number Pounds
Freeport-McMoran Inc.
Renco Holdings Inc.
Asarco Inc.
Eastman Kodak Co.
Courtaulds United States
General Motors Corp.
Arcadian Fertilizer L.P.
DuPont
3MCo.
Phelps Dodge Corp.
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Facilities
4
6
13
21
11
129
8
77
50
18
193,760,607
74.507,492
51,224,547
49,926,822
43,728,541
36,319,810
35,252,458
33,514,790
27,232,882
27,128,900
337 572,596,849
23,321 2,232,333,180
Table E-2.
Figure E-12 shows the 10 facilities which
reported the largest quantities of TRI releases to
air, water, and land, excluding underground
injection, in 1993. As discussed above, this
alternative ranking method is presented because
releases to properly designed and constructed
Class I injection wells have much lower
exposure potential than other, more direct,
forms of release.
Table E-2 lists the top 10 parent companies for
releases to air, water, and land, excluding
underground injection, in 1993. Together, these
10 companies accounted for only 1.4% of
reporting facilities and 3.7% of all forms, but
25.7% of releases to air, water, and land in
1993.
The following page shows the 10 chemicals
released in the greatest quantity for each release
type.
ES-10
-------
Executive Summary
Top Chemicals by Release Media, 1993
Top 10 Chemicals
Air
Toluene
Methanol
Ammonia
Acetone
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Carbon disulfide
Methyl ethyl ketone
Hydrochloric acid
Chlorine
Dichloromethane
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Pounds
177,301,671
172,292,981
138,057,165
125,152,462
111,189,613
93,307,339
84,814,923
79,073,655
75,410,108
64,313,211
1,120,913,128
1,672,127,735
Top 10 Chemicals
Surface Water
Pounds
Phosphoric acid 175,861,627
Ammonia 35,938,643
Sulfuric acid 27,542,946
Methanol 10,011,681
Ammonium nitrate (solution) 7,386,387
Ammonium sulfate (solution) 3,872,980
Ethylene glycol 1,170,533
Zinc compounds 1,046,444
Acetone 990,315
Hydrochloric acid 719,541
Subtotal 264,541,097
Total for All TRI Chemicals 271,152,864
Table E-3.
Table E-4.
Top 10 Chemicals
Underground Injection
Pounds
Ammonia 168,725,501
Hydrochloric acid 145,097,099
Sulfuric acid 105,872,094
Ammonium nitrate (solution) 35,211,208
Methanol 27,899,963
Nitric acid 19,213,898
Acetonitrile 15,707,895
Ammonium sulfate (solution) 6,189,894
Ethylene glycol 5,943,528
Formaldehyde 5,912,425
Subtotal 535,773,505
Total for All TRI Chemicals 576,285,233
Table E-5.
Top 10 Chemicals
Land
Pounds
Zinc compounds 67,413,392
Manganese compounds 47,671,055
Copper compounds 40,082,409
Phosphoric acid 35,491,946
Chromium compounds 22,675,748
Lead compounds 10,950,924
Zinc (fume or dust) 10,449,577
Ammonia 10,144,184
Manganese 6,650,151
Ammonium nitrate (solution) 6,457,512
Subtotal 257,986,898
Total for All TRI Chemicals 289,052,581
Table E-6.
ES-11
-------
Executive Summary
Top 10 States
Carcinogen
Releases
(Air/Water/Land)
5 10 15
Millions of Pounds
20
25
Figure E-13.
iof Pounds
Top 10 Industries
Carcinogen Releases
(Air/Water/Land)
o ฃ
Figure E-14.Q
Carcinogen Releases to
Air/Water/Land, 1993
(Excludes Underground Injection)
For reporting purposes, TRI designates 118
chemicals as carcinogens based on criteria set
forth in the Occupational Safety and Health
Administration's Hazard Communication
Standards. Some of these chemicals, such as
benzene or asbestos, are known to cause cancer
in humans. Others are suspected to cause cancer
in humans because they have been shown to
cause cancer in laboratory animals.
Nearly 180 million pounds of TRI-listed
carcinogens were released to the air, water, and
land (excluding underground injection) in 1993.
Figures E-13 and E-14 show the 10 states and
10 industries with the largest quantities of
carcinogen releases to air, water, and land in
1993. Table E-7 lists the 10 TRI carcinogens
released in the largest quantities to air, water,
and land in 1993.
Carcinogens with Largest
Air/Water/Land Releases
Pounds
Dichloromethane
Styrene
Chloroform
Formaldehyde
Tetrachloroethylene
Benzene
Acetaldehyde
Lead
1,3-Butadiene
Nickel compounds
Subtotal
Total for All Carcinogens
64,454,387
32,776,445
14,292,980
12,207,744
11,570,197
10,845,433
6,543,215
4,056,624
3,282,261
3,099,677
163,128,963
179,858,444
Table E-7.
Multiple Codes: Facilities/forms that reported more than one 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 [e.g., paper (26) and
chemicals (28)].
ES-12
-------
Executive Summary
CHAPTER 2:
PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT
OF TRI CHEMICALS IN WASTE
The Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 (PPA)
expanded TRI to require reporting about
quantities of TRI chemicals managed in waste
and about source reduction activities undertaken
to eliminate or reduce those quantities. Under
the PPA, source reduction is considered the
preferred approach to managing waste. Figure
E-15 illustrates a hierarchy for waste manage-
ment decision-making, with disposal of waste
the last resort.
Figure E-16 illustrates the quantities of TRI
chemicals undergoing each on-site and off-site
waste management activity (recycling, energy
recovery, treatment, and release/disposal). A
total of 33.5 billion pounds of TRI chemicals
was managed in waste in 1993.
DISPOSAL
Figure E-15.
Quantities of TRI Chemicals Managed in Waste, 1993
Treated Off-site
658 million pounds
(2.0%)
Treated On-site
9,768 million pounds
(29.2%)
Energy Recovery Off-site
512 million pounds
(1.5%)
Energy Recovery On-site
2,838 million pounds
(8.5%)
Released or Disposed of
3,206 million pounds
(9.6%)
Recycled On-site
13,191 million pounds
(39.4%)
Recycled Off-site
3,325 million pounds
(9.9%)
Figure E-16.
ES-13
-------
Executive Summary
Millions of Pounds
17,500
15,000 -
12,500 -
10,000 -
7,500 -
5,000 -
2,500
Top 10 Industries
Production-Related
Waste, 1993
o
Figure E-17.0
Figure E-17 shows the top 10 industries for total
production-related waste in 1993. The chemical
industry reported more than 16 billion pounds of
TRI chemicals in production-related waste,
nearly half of the total quantity reported by all
industries and more than four times the amount
reported by the second-ranked industry.
Figure E-18 shows the actual quantities of TRI
chemicals reported for each waste management
activity for 1991 through 1993, and the
projected quantities for 1994 and 1995.
Although the total quantity of TRI chemicals in
production-related waste is increasing, some
movement up the waste management hierarchy
is seen in increased recycling and decreased
release or disposal.
The following page shows the 10 chemicals
undergoing each waste management activity in
the largest quantities.
Quantities of TRI Chemicals Managed in Waste, Actual and Projected, 1991-1995
Millions of Pounds
20,000
Recycling
Energy Recovery
Treatment
Release/
Disposal
Figure E-18.
0 Multiple Codes: Facilities/forms that reported more than one 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 [e.g., paper (26) and
chemicals (28)].
ES-14
-------
Executive Summary,
Top Chemicals by Waste Management Activity, 1993
as -
pp
v
Sulfuric acid
Toluene
Copper
Lead compounds
Methanol
Ethylene
Copper compounds
Ethylene glycol
Zinc compounds
Lead
Subtotal
p 10 Chemicals
Recycling
Pounds
7,137,133,908
1,191,786,855
747,555,744
649,807,005
502,912,627
433,212,167
390,397,586
388,463,915
344,633,052
323,560,206
12,109,463,065
Total for All TRI Chemicals 16,515,920,583
P?/ VJP3
TฐP 1ฐ
Chemicals
M||p Energy Recovery
Propylene
Ethylene
Methanol
Toluene
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Acetone
Pounds
491,329,899
419,022,752
348,009,065
341,738,331
259,727,488
173,643,561
Mixtures and other trade names 171,436,688
Methyl ethyl ketone
Ammonia
tert-Butyl alcohol
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
146,085,339
86,567,296
67,079,131
2,504,639,550
3,350,119,881
Table E-8.
Table E-9.
u
iQFfl P Chemicals
l^_nl Treatment
Pounds
Sulfuric acid 3,000,122,562
Hydrochloric acid 1,949,374,303
Methanol 987,336,098
Ammonia 451,633,343
Ethylene 373,572,787
Phosphoric acid 306,416,497
Nitric acid 298,588,152
Chlorine 246,159,502
Freonll3 230,733,955
Propylene 216,423,796
Subtotal 8,060,360,995
Total for All TRI Chemicals 10,426,058,390
Table E-10.
^^m
1HBI Top 10 Chemicals
^^i:< Release/Disposal
Pounds
Ammonia 396,799,112
Sulfuric acid 254,999,222
Hydrochloric acid 24 1 ,034,754
Methanol 222,161,442
Phosphoric acid 214,596,798
Toluene 181,399,292
Zinc compounds 135,266,664
Acetone 128,689,551
Xylene (mixed isomers) 1 1 1 ,7 1 0,327
Carbon disulfide 93,697,475
Subtotal 1,980,354,637
Total for All TRI Chemicals 3,206,362,8 1 6
Table E-11.
ES-15
-------
Executive Summary
Source Reduction Activities, 1993
Facilities also must provide information about
source reduction activities they implemented
during the reporting year. Source reduction
activities reduce the amount of a toxic chemical
entering a waste stream and therefore prevent
pollution before it is generated. Waste
management activities such as recycling are not
considered source reduction because they
manage toxic chemicals after they enter waste
streams.
Thirty-five percent of all TRI facilities reported
at least one source reduction activity in 1993.
Table E-12 lists the categories of source reduc-
tion activities in order of reporting frequency.
Table E-13 lists the top 10 industries based on
the percentage of forms reporting source reduc-
tion. Table E-14 lists the 10 chemicals for
which source reduction was reported the most
often.
Source Reduction Activity
Reporting
Number of
TRI Forms
Reporting
Category of
Activity
Good operating practices 9,576
Process modifications 7,074
Spill and leak prevention 5,601
Raw material modifications 3,838
Inventory control 2,449
Cleaning and degreasing 2,395
Surface preparation and finishing 2,317
Product modifications 1,698
Table E-12.
Source Reduction
Activity Reporting
Top Industries
By Percentage of Forms
Measure./Photo.
Furniture
Printing
Leather
Miscellaneous
Multiple Codes 20-390
Transportation Equip.
Electrical
Plastics
Lumber
Subtotal
Total for All Industries
TRI
Forms
Number
991
1,848
631
367
955
5,914
4,908
4,283
4,293
1,931
26,121
79,987
Forms
Source
Reporting
Reduction
Activities
Number Percent
379
680
200
116
297
1,683
1,383
1,183
1,174
500
7,595
19,732
38.2
36.8
31.7
31.6
31.1
28.5
28.2
27.6
27.3
25.9
29.1
24.7
Source Reduction
Activity Reporting
Top Chemicals
By Number of Forms
Toluene
Xylene (mixed isomers)
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Sulfuric acid
Methyl ethyl ketone
Acetone
Methanol
Ammonia
Glycol ethers
Hydrochloric acid
TRI
Forms
Number
3,569
3,371
2,073
5,640
2,418
2,511
2,424
3,096
2,162
3,279
Subtotal 30,543
Total for All TRI Chemicals 79,987
Forms Reporting
Source Reduction
Activities
Number Percent
1,376 38.6
1,220 36.2
1,154 55.7
944 16.7
904 37.4
852 33.9
618 25.5
618 20.0
591 27.3
567 17.3
8,844 29.0
19,732 24.7
Table E-13.
Table E-14.
Facilities/forms that reported more than one 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 [e.g., paper (26) and chemicals (28)].
ES-16
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Executive Summary
CHAPTER 3:
YEAR-TO-YEAR COMPARISON OF
RELEASES AND TRANSFERS
Because TRI data are collected annually, they
can be used to measure progress in reducing
toxic chemical releases and off-site transfers.
Reported toxic chemical releases decreased by
12.6% between 1992 and 1993, more than
double the rate of decline between 1991 and
1992. Reported transfers increased by 4.1 %,
primarily due to increased transfers for
recycling. Table E-15 compares the 1992 and
1993 release and transfer quantities. Since
1988, EPA's baseline year for TRI comparisons,
toxic chemical releases have declined by 42.7%.
Figure E-19 illustrates the change in each
release type since 1988.
Releases and
Transfers
1992-1993
Total Releases
Air
Surface Water
Underground Injection
Land
Total Transfers
Recycling
Energy Recovery
Treatment
POTWs
Disposal
Otherฉ
1992-1993 Change
Millions of
Pounds
-406.5
-200.5
-5.0
-149.7
-51.3
186.2
317.6
14.8
-69.0
-122.4
61.4
-16.2
Percent
-12.6
-10.7
-1.8
-20.6
-15.1
4.1
10.8
3.1
-17.4
-28.0
23.3
-89.9
Table E-15.
Change in Total Releases, 1988-1993
Millions of Pounds
3,000
2,500 -
2,000
1,500-
1,000 -
500-
1988
11989
1990
D1991
El 1992
1993
Surface Water
Underground
Injection
Land
Figure E-19.Q
Q Transfers reported with no waste management codes or invalid codes.
O Does not include data for aluminum oxide, delisted chemicals, or chemicals added in 1990 and 1991.
ES-17
-------
Executive Summary
-69
-26
-23
-18
Top 10 States
1992-1993 Decrease 15
in Total Releases -15
-14
-80 -60 -40 -20
Millions of Pounds
1992-1993 Change in Total
Releases by State
(Includes Underground Injection)
Figure E-20 presents the 10 states with the
largest poundage decrease in total releases
(including underground injection) between 1992
and 1993. Figure E-21 illustrates the percentage
change in total releases between 1992 and 1993
for each state.
Fifteen states reported a decrease in total
releases of more than 20% since 1992. Six
states and two territories reported increased
releases between 1992 and 1993.
Figure E-20.
Percent Change in Total Releases, 1992-1993
(Includes Underground Injection)
Alaska
Hawaii
Percent Change
I Increase
I 0% to 10% Decrease
10% to 20% Decrease
More than 20% Decrease
Figure E-21.
ES-18
-------
Executive Summary
-412
Top 10 States
1988-1993 Decrease -60
in Total Releases -59
-59
-500 -400 -300 -200 -100
Millions of Pounds
1988-1993 Change in Total
Releases by State
(Includes Underground Injection)
Figure E-22 presents the 10 states with the
largest quantity decrease in total releases
(including underground injection) between 1988
and 1993. Figure E-23 displays the states by
percentage change in total releases between
1988 and 1993.
Twenty-two states and the District of Columbia
have reduced their total releases by more than
50% since 1988. Eight states have reduced their
releases by less than 25% since 1988, compared
to the national decrease of nearly 43%. Three
states have reported an increase in total releases
since 1988.
Figure E-22.
Percent Change in Total Releases, 1988-1993
(Includes Underground Injection)
Alaska
Hawaii
Puerto Rico
Percent Change
| Increase
0% to 25% Decrease
125% to 50% Decrease
More than 50% Decrease
Figure E-23.
ES-19
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Executive Summary
Millions of Pounds
0
Top 10 Industries
1992-1993 Decrease
in Total Releases
-100
-150
-200
-250
Figure E-24.Q
Millions of Pounds
-200-
-400
-600-
-800-
-1,000-
-1,200
Top 10 Industries
1988-1993 Decrease
in Total Releases
o
Change in Total Releases
by Industry
Figure E-24 displays the 10 industries with the
largest quantity decrease in total releases
(including underground injection) between 1992
and 1993. Figure E-25 displays the 10 indus-
tries with the largest quantity decrease in total
releases between 1988 and 1993.
Although the chemical industry has experienced
the largest decrease in terms of pounds since
1988, several industries have experienced larger
percentage reductions in total releases. For
example, the electrical equipment industry has
reduced its releases by 68.5% since 1988,
compared to 43.8% for the chemical industry
and 42.7% for all industries combined. Table
E-16 lists the top 10 industries for percentage
decrease in total releases since 1988.
Top 10 Industries
for 1988-1 993
Percentage Decrease 1988-1993
in Total Releases
Electrical
Multiple Codes 20-390
Machinery
Measure./Photo.
Leather
Textiles
Miscellaneous
Chemicals
Primary Metals
Printing
Total for Top 10 Industries
Pounds
-85,976,191
-343,517,564
-33,825,370
-30,524,297
-7,555,908
-17,761,858
-14,379,030
-1,019,874,077
-236,927,540
-24,528,738
-1,814,870,573
Change
Percent
-68.5
-68.3
-55.2
-53.4
-47.5
-46.5
-45.5
-43.8
-41.9
-40.2
-47.9
Table E-16.
Figure E-25.Q
O Multiple Codes: Facilities/forms that reported more than one 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 [e.g., paper (26) and
chemicals (28)].
ES-20
-------
Executive Summary ,,
Change in Total Releases
by Chemical
Table E-17 lists the 10 chemicals with the
largest quantity decrease in total releases
(including underground injection) between 1992
1992-1993 Decrease in Total Releases
Ammonia
Hydrochloric acid
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Methanol
Toluene
Manganese compounds
Freon 113
Copper
Dichloromethane
Acetone
Total for Top 10 Chemicals
1992-1993
Pounds
-113,011,644
-62,028,328
-53,042,379
-41,931,828
-17,837,961
-16,173,398
-15,065,503
-11,592,214
-10,378,371
-10,188,311
-351,249,937
Change
Percent
-24.3
-21.6
-45.3
-16.5
-9.1
-24.3
-60.5
-80.9
-13.7
-7.3
-21.4
Table E-17.
1988-1993 Decrease in Total Releases
Chemical
Ammonium sulfate (solution)
Hydrochloric acid
Toluene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Acetone
Methanol
Dichloromethane
Chlorine
Freon 113
Methyl ethyl ketone
Total for Top 10 Chemicals
1988-1993
Pounds
-593,862,296
-255,372,525
-121,071,663
-115,415,330
-84,373,471
-77,945,453
-65,526,833
-65,000,624
-60,702,551
-55,214,405
-1,494,485,151
Change
Percent
-98.0
-53.1
-40.4
-64.3
-39.4
-26.9
-50.0
-46.0
-86.1
-39.2
-58.5
Table E-18.ฎ
and 1993. Two of the chemicals among the top
10 for decrease in total releases (1,1,1-trichloro-
ethane and Freon 113) are ozone-depleting
chemicals whose production will be banned as
of January 1,1996. The net decrease (decreases
for some chemicals minus increases for others)
for all TRI chemicals between 1992 and 1993
was 406 million pounds, or 12.6%.
Table E-18 lists the 10 chemicals with the
largest quantity decrease in total releases
(including underground injection) between 1988
and 1993. The 98% decline in releases of
ammonium sulfate (solution) is largely
attributable to a change in reporting method for
this chemical rather than to actual reductions in
releases. The net decrease for all TRI chemicals
between 1988 and 1993 was nearly 2.1 billion
pounds, or 42.7%.
Table E-19 lists the 10 chemicals with the
largest increases in total releases (including
underground injection) between 1988 and 1993.
1988-1993 Increase in Total Releases
Phosphoric acid
Copper compounds
Ethylbenzene
Ammonia
1 ,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Acrylamide
Methyl tert-butyl ether
AcetamideQ)
Methylenebis(phenylisocyanate)
Decabromodiphenyl oxide
Total for Top 10 Chemicals
1988-1993
Pounds
35,370,949
14,413,640
2,877,323
2,841,897
2,237,166
1,813,597
1,327,068
1,089,016
1,016,774
658,075
63,645,505
Change
Percent
20.0
43.4
36.8
0.8
50.6
81.4
50.6
304.9
1269.3
11.0
Table E-19.ฎ
Calculation of top chemicals does not include data for aluminum oxide, delisted chemicals, or chemicals added in 1990 and 1991.
No releases were reported for this chemical in 1988, although it was included on the TRI list that year.
ES-21
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Executive Summary
CHAPTER 4:
TRI REPORTING PROFILES FOR
33/50 PROGRAM CHEMICALS
The 33/50 Program is a voluntary pollution
prevention initiative that targets 17 high-priority
TRI chemicals for reductions in releases and
transfers (see Box E-6). The program derives its
name from its reduction goals: an interim goal
of a 33% reduction in the 1992 reporting year
and an ultimate goal of a 50% reduction in the
1995 reporting year, as measured against 1988
TRI data. These goals include all releases, as
well as transfers to off-site locations for
treatment and disposal. Transfers for recycling
and energy recovery are not included because
they were not reportable in 1988.
Releases and transfers of these 17 targeted
chemicals declined by 100 million pounds, or
11%, between 1992 and 1993. Reductions since
1988 total 46% (see Figure E-26). Facilities
owned by companies participating in the 33/50
Program, representing just a third of the total
number of facilities reporting Program
chemicals to TRI, accounted for 98% of the 100
million pound reduction in the last year,
experiencing an average reduction of more than
20% (and 57% since 1988). Non-participating
facilities reported virtually no reductions in
33/50 Program emissions in 1993.
In the first two years after the Program's goals
were announced (1991 and 1992), the rate of
reduction for 33/50 Program chemicals
significantly outpaced the rate for non-Program
chemicals. However, between 1992 and 1993,
releases and transfers of non-Program chemicals
declined by 13%, compared to an 11.0% decline
for 33/50 Program chemicals. Figure E-27
compares the annual reduction rates of the 33/50
Program chemicals to the rates for all other TRI
chemicals.
17 Priority Chemicals
Targeted by the 33/50 Program
Benzene
Cadmium and compounds
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Chromium and compounds
Cyanide compounds
Dichloromethane
Lead and compounds
Mercury and compounds
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Nickel and compounds
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Box E-6.
ES-22
33/50 Program Progress: 1988-1993 Change
Millions of Pounds
1.750
1992 Goal:
997 Million
Pounds
1995 Goal:
744 Million
Pounds
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993
Releases and Transfers
Figure E-26.
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Executive Summary
Reduction in Releases and Transfers:
33/50 Program Chemicals vs.
Other TRI Chemicals
Percent Reduction
25.0
20.0-
15.0-
10.0-
1988-
1989
Q 33/50 Chemicals
Other TRI Chemicals
1992-
1993
Figure E-27.ฉ
Total production-related waste associated with
33/50 Program chemicals increased by 2.9%
between 1992 and 1993. However, facilities are
projecting that total production-related waste
associated with 33/50 Program chemicals will
decline by nearly 6% in 1994, while production-
related waste associated with non-Program
chemicals is projected to rise. Figure E-28
compares the annual changes in total produc-
tion-related waste for 33/50 Program chemicals
and non-Program chemicals.
Facilities owned by companies participating in
the 33/50 Program reported a slight reduction in
33/50 Program chemical production-related
Change in Production-Related Waste:
33/50 Program Chemicals vs.
Other TRI Chemicals
Percent Reduction
7.0
-7.0
1991- 1992- 1993- 1994-
1992 1993 1994 1995
Projected Projected
U 33/50 Chemicals
Other TRI Chemicals
Figure E-28.ฎ
waste in 1993 (0.5%) and are projecting
substantial additional reductions by 1995 (15%).
Non-participating facilities reported a nearly 8%
rise in 33/50 Program production-related waste
in the last year and project an increase of an
additional 7% by 1995.
Facilities report a higher rate of source reduction
activities for 33/50 Program chemicals than for
non-Program chemicals. In 1993, nearly one-
third of all forms for 33/50 Program chemicals
reported one or more source reduction activities
undertaken that year for the chemical. This
compares to just over 21% for all other TRI
chemicals.
The amounts for recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1993 have not been included in these totals.
1991 as reported on the 1992 Form R for the previous year.
ES-23
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-------
1993 Toxics Release Inventory
Public Data Release
Introduction
II MM III III
-------
-------
1993 TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY
PUBLIC DATA RELEASE
INTRODUCTION
What is the Toxics Release Inventory?
The Toxics Release Inventory, or TRI, is a
publicly available database that contains
specific toxic chemical release and transfer
information from manufacturing facilities
throughout the United States. This inventory
was established under the Emergency Planning
and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986
(EPCRA), which Congress passed to promote
planning for chemical emergencies and to
provide information to the public about the
presence and release of toxic and hazardous
chemicals in their communities.
Following passage of the Pollution Prevention
Act of 1990, the TRI was expanded to include
mandatory reporting of additional waste
management and pollution prevention activities.
The information collected under these laws can
be used by the public to identify facilities and
chemical release patterns that warrant further
study and analysis. Combined with hazard and
exposure information, TRI has proven to be an
invaluable tool for risk identification.
Each year, manufacturing facilities meeting
certain thresholds must report their estimated
releases and transfers of listed toxic chemicals
to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
and to the state or tribal entity in whose
jurisdiction the facility is located. The TRI list
for 1993 included 316 chemicals and 20
chemical categories. A separate report, called a
Form R, is required for each chemical the
facility has manufactured, processed, or
otherwise used in amounts exceeding the
thresholds.
Reports for each calendar year are due by
July 1 of the following year. After completion
of data entry and data quality assurance
activities, EPA makes the data available to the
public in printed reports, in a computer data-
base, and through a variety of other information
products. States also make available to the
public copies of the forms filed by facilities in
their jurisdiction.
This document summarizes data collected for
calendar year 1993. Industry reporting forms
for 1993 were due to EPA and the states by
July 1, 1994. This document also provides basic
data for the two preceding years (1991 and
1992) and for the baseline year (1988) for
comparison purposes. Although the first data
were collected for calendar year 1987, 1988 has
been selected as the baseline year because of
concerns about the data quality of industry's
first-year submissions. The on-line computer
database and the CD-ROM version of the
database contain the data collected for all years,
including years not summarized in this report.
-------
Introduction
Who Must Report?
Manufacturing facilities that have the equivalent
of 10 or more full-time employees and meet the
established thresholds for manufacturing,
processing, or otherwise using listed chemicals
must report their releases and transfers.
Manufacturing facilities are defined as facilities
in Standard Industrial Classification primary
codes 20-39, which include, among others:
chemicals, petroleum refining, primary metals,
fabricated metals, paper, plastics, and
transportation equipment. Thresholds for
manufacturing and processing are currently
25,000 pounds for each listed chemical, while
the threshold for otherwise using is 10,000
pounds per chemical. Beginning with the 1994
reporting year, certain facilities will be able to
take advantage of an alternate reporting
threshold, which is discussed below.
What Must be Reported?
Each year, facilities report to TRI the amounts
of toxic chemicals released to the air, water and
land and the amounts of chemicals transferred
off-site for treatment and disposal. Facilities
provide extensive identifying information, such
as name, location, type of business, contact
names, name of parent company, and
environmental permit numbers. They also
provide information about the manufacture,
process, and use of the listed chemical at the
facility and the maximum amount of the
chemical on-site during the year. Facilities also
provide information about methods used to treat
waste at the site and the efficiencies of those
treatment methods. In addition to information
about the amount of toxic chemicals sent off-
site, facilities also must specify the destinations
of those transfers.
Beginning with the 1991 reports, facilities were
required to provide additional information about
source reduction activities and about waste
management activities such as recycling.
Companies must also provide a production
index that can help relate changes in reported
quantities of toxic chemicals in waste to
changes in production. These additional data
elements facilitate tracking of industry progress
in reducing waste generation and moving
towards safer management alternatives. While
not an absolute measure of pollution prevention,
the additional data provide new insight into the
complete toxics cycle.
What are the Benefits
and Uses of the Data?
The TRI program gives the public
unprecedented direct access to toxic chemical
release and transfer data at the local, state,
regional, and national level. Responsible use of
this information can allow the public to identify
potential concerns, gain a better understanding
of potential risks, and work with industry and
government to reduce toxic chemical releases
and the risks associated with them. When
combined with hazard and exposure data, this
information can allow informed environmental
priority setting at the local level.
Federal, state, and local governments can use
the data to compare facilities or geographic
areas, to identify hotspots, to evaluate existing
environmental programs, to more effectively set
regulatory priorities, and to track pollution
control and waste reduction progress. TRI data,
in conjunction with demographic data, can help
governments and the public identify potential
environmental justice concerns.
Industry can use the data to obtain an overview
of use and release of toxic chemicals, to identify
and reduce costs associated with toxic waste, to
identify promising areas of pollution prevention,
to establish reduction targets, and to measure
and document progress toward reduction goals.
The public availability of the data has prompted
-------
many facilities to work with their communities
to develop effective strategies for reducing
environmental and human health risks posed by
toxic chemical releases.
What are the Limitations of the Data?
While the TRI includes about 80,000 reports
from 23,000 facilities each year, it captures only
a portion of all toxic chemical releases nation-
wide. Facilities with fewer than 10 employees
and facilities that do not meet chemical
thresholds are not required to file TRI reports.
Non-manufacturing facilities currently are not
required to report, although EPA is examining
industry groups for possible addition to the
reporting requirements. TRI does not account
for toxic emissions from automobiles and many
other non-industrial sources. Not all toxic
chemicals are listed under TRI, although
chemical coverage was greatly expanded for the
1995 reporting year.
TRI requires the reporting of estimated data and
does not mandate that facilities monitor their
releases. Various estimation techniques are
used where monitoring data are not available,
and EPA has published estimation guidance for
the regulated community. Variations between
facilities can result from the use of different
estimation methodologies. Some facilities may
not be fully complying with the reporting
requirements. These factors should be taken
into account when considering data accuracy
and completeness.
As discussed above, the TRI data summarized in
this report reflect chemical releases, transfers,
and waste management activities that occurred
in the 1993 calendar year. Release and transfer
patterns can change dramatically from one year
to the next, so it is important to recognize that
current facility activities may be different than
those reported for 1993. Each year, EPA has
been able to reduce the amount of time required
Introduction
to process and make available the forms
received. Particularly as more facilities switch
from paper to magnetic media submissions, the
amount of time required for data processing and
quality assurance will continue to decrease,
allowing EPA to make the TRI data available
more quickly following the submission
deadline.
TRI reports reflect releases of chemicals, not
exposures of the public to those chemicals.
Release estimates alone are not sufficient to
determine exposure or to calculate potential
adverse effects on human health and the
environment. Although additional information
is necessary to assess exposure and risk, TRI
data can be used to identify areas of potential
concern.
Program Accomplishments
and Future Directions
On November 30, 1994, EPA finalized the
addition of 286 chemicals and chemical
categories to the EPCRA section 313 toxic
chemical list. These additions include 39
chemicals as part of delimited chemical
categories. A majority of the chemicals that
were added to the toxic chemical list are
pesticide active ingredients. The addition of
these chemicals is effective for the 1995
reporting year, with the first reports due by
July 1, 1996. Data collected for these additional
chemicals will enable the public to develop a
more complete picture of toxic chemicals in
their communities.
In conjunction with this addition of chemicals,
EPA established an alternative reporting
threshold for facilities whose annual reportable
amount of a listed toxic chemical does not
exceed 500 pounds. The annual reportable
amount of a chemical means the amount of that
chemical released or disposed of, treated,
burned for energy recovery, or recycled by the
-------
Introduction
facility on-site or off-site. If a facility's annual
reportable amount of a chemical does not
exceed 500 pounds, and the facility does not
manufacture, process or use that chemical in
excess of one million pounds annually, the
facility can take advantage of a less burdensome
reporting alternative. Instead of filing a
complete reporting form, the facility may file a
certification statement which provides facility
and chemical identity information. EPA
estimates that this alternative threshold will save
industry more than $17 million annually in
reporting costs.
EPA continues to examine industry sectors for
possible addition to the TRI reporting require-
ments, in part by refining the analysis of the use
and release of toxic chemicals at facilities in
these industries. In 1994, EPA conducted a
series of meetings with representatives of these
different industries to discuss EPA's analysis
and its approach to expanding industry coverage
under TRI.
An Executive Order signed by President Clinton
in 1993 applied federal right-to-know laws,
including TRI reporting, to all federal govern-
ment facilities. The first reports under this
Executive Order are due by July 1, 1995 for the
1994 reporting year. During the summer of
1994, EPA conducted an extensive series of
training sessions nationwide to help federal
facilities prepare for their upcoming reporting
obligation. The Department of Energy volun-
tarily complied with this Executive Order one
year early, with 23 of its facilities filing TRI
reports for 1993.
In 1994, EPA completed a public dialog
process that was initiated in early 1993 to
address issues associated with reporting the new
data required by the Pollution Prevention Act.
In this process, representatives of environmental
groups, industry, states, and academia were
convened to discuss issues and provide EPA
with advice and recommendations for resolving
them. EPA received the final report from this
committee and considered its findings in
development of guidance for reporting the
Pollution Prevention Act data. EPA expects to
publish final guidance by the winter of 1995.
How Can I Obtain
Additional TRI Information?
This report contains 1993 TRI data and limited
comparison data for 1988, 1991 and 1992. The
TRI data are also available in a variety of
common computer and hard copy formats, to
ensure that everyone can easily use the informa-
tion. The complete TRI database is accessible
to the public via on-line telecommunications
through the National Library of Medicine's
TOXNET system and through the Right-to-
Know Network. Information about accessing
the TRI database through these systems is
provided in Appendix B. The data are also
available on diskette, CD-ROM, and computer
bulletin boards. The TRI User Support Service
(202-260-1531) can provide assistance in
accessing and using the TRI data.
To request copies of TRI and EPCRA
documents or to obtain further information
about the program, contact the toll-free
Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-
Know Information Hotline at 1-800-535-0202.
Other potential sources of TRI information
include the state EPCRA section 313 contact,
the EPA Regional Office, or the facility itself.
Information about EPA Regional and state
EPCRA section 313 contacts is found in
Appendix G.
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Chapter 1
1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
-------
-------
1993 TRI RELEASES AND TRANSFERS
INTRODUCTION
This chapter provides information reported by
facilities for calendar year 1993 on releases of
toxic chemicals at the facility and transfers of
chemicals in waste for further processing or
disposal. To provide a greater degree of insight
as to how data on releases and transfers were
reported for 1993 activities, this chapter has
been divided into three sections. These sections
present the data by state, by industry, and by
chemical. Figure 1-1 illustrates the media to
which on-site releases can occur and the types
of off-site transfers for waste management that
are reportable to TRI.
Box 1-1 that follows is a description of the on-
site releases reportable to TRI and the types of
activities that may contribute releases to various
media. Box 1-2 is a listing of those off-site
transfers for waste management or further
processing that are reportable to TRI and are
covered in this chapter.
exposures to these chemicals is one factor in
determining potential risks. The determination
of potential risk depends upon many factors.
The following are some of the factors that
should be considered when reviewing TRI data:
Toxicity of the Chemical
The TRI list consists of chemicals that vary
widely in their ability to produce toxic effects.
* Some high-volume releases of less toxic
chemicals may appear to be a more serious
problem than lower-volume releases of
highly toxic chemicals, when just the
opposite may be true.
* For example, phosgene is more toxic in
smaller quantities than methanol, and a
comparison between these two chemicals for
setting hazard priorities or estimating poten-
tial health concerns may be misleading on
the basis of volume released alone.
WHAT TO CONSIDER
WHEN USING TRI DATA
Users of TRI information should be aware that
the TRI data reflect releases and transfers of
chemicals, not exposures of the public to those
chemicals. The TRI data, in conjunction with
other information, can be used to evaluate
exposures that may result from releases and
transfers of toxic chemicals. The evaluation of
Exposure Considerations
* Potential degradation or persistence of the
chemical in the environment.
Exposure to a chemical is dependent upon
the chemical being available. The potential
for exposure is greater the longer the
chemical remains unchanged in the environ-
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Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
On-site Releases
Off-site Transfers
Recycling
Energy
Recovery
Figure 1-1. On-site Releases and Off-site Transfers Reported to TRI.
10
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Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
An Explanation of Releases
Releases. A release is an on-site discharge of a toxic chemical to the environment. This includes emissions
to the air, discharges to bodies of water, releases at the facility to land, as well as contained disposal into
underground injection wells. Releases are reported to TRI by media type. The left side of Figure 1-1 illustrates
these release types.
Releases to Air. Releases to air are reported either as stack or fugitive emissions. Stack emissions are
releases to air that occur through confined air streams, such as stacks, vents, ducts, or pipes. Fugitive emissions
are all releases to air that are not released through a confined air stream. Fugitive emissions include equipment
leaks, evaporative losses from surface impoundments and spills, and releases from building ventilation systems.
Releases to Water. Releases to water include discharges to streams, rivers, lakes, oceans, and other bodies
of water. This includes releases from contained sources, such as industrial process outflow pipes, or open
trenches. Releases due to runoff, including stormwater runoff, are also reportable to TRI.
Underground Injection. Underground injection is a contained release of a fluid into a subsurface well for
the purpose of waste disposal. Wastes containing TRI chemicals are injected into either Class I wells or Class V
wells. Class I wells are used to inject liquid hazardous wastes or dispose of industrial and municipal waste-
waters beneath the lowermost underground source of drinking water. Class V wells are generally used to inject
non-hazardous fluid into or above an underground source of drinking water. Currently, TRI reporting does not
distinguish between these two types of wells, although there are important differences in environmental impact
between these two methods of injection.
Releases to Land. Releases to land occur within the boundaries of the reporting facility. Releases to land
include disposal of toxic chemicals in landfills (in which wastes are buried), land treatment/application farming
(in which a waste containing a listed chemical is applied to or incorporated into soil), surface impoundments
(which are uncovered holding areas used to volatilize and/or settle waste materials), and other land disposal
methods (such as spills, leaks, or waste piles).
Box 1-1. An Explanation of Releases.
ment. Sunlight, heat, or microorganisms
may or may not decompose the chemical.
For example, microorganisms readily
degrade some chemicals, such as
methanol, into less toxic chemicals;
volatile organic chemicals, such as
ethylene and propylene, react in the
atmosphere, contributing to the forma-
tion of smog; metals are persistent and
will not degrade upon release to the
environment.
As a result, smaller releases of a persis-
tent highly toxic chemical may create a
more serious problem than larger
releases of a chemical that is rapidly
converted to a less toxic form.
Bioconcentration of the chemical in the food
chain.
As a chemical becomes incorporated in the
food chain it may concentrate or disperse as
it moves up the food chain.
Some chemicals, such as mercury, will
accumulate as they move up the food
chain.
Small releases of a chemical that
bioaccumulates may result in significant
exposures to consumers.
11
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Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
An Explanation of Transfers
Off-site Transfers. An off-site transfer is a transfer of toxic chemicals in wastes to a facility that is
geographically or physically separate from the facility reporting under TRI. Chemicals reported to TRI as
transferred are sent to off-site facilities for the purposes of recycling, energy recovery, treatment, or disposal.
The quantities reported represent a movement of the chemical away from the reporting facility. Except for off-
site transfers for disposal, these quantities do not necessarily represent entry of the chemical into the
environment. The right side of Figure 1-1 illustrates transfer types reportable to TRI.
Transfers to Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTWs). A POTW is a wastewater treatment facility that
is owned by a state or municipality. Wastewaters from facilities reporting under TRI are transferred through
pipes or sewers to a POTW. Treatment or removal of a chemical from the wastewater depends upon the nature
of the chemical, as well as the treatment methods present at the POTW. In general, chemicals that are easily
utilized as nutrients by microorganisms, or have a low solubility in water, are likely to be removed to some
extent. Chemicals that are volatile and have a low solubility in water may evaporate into the atmosphere. Not
all TRI chemicals can be treated or removed by a POTW. Some chemicals, such as metals, may be removed,
but are not destroyed and may be disposed of in landfills or discharged to receiving waters.
Transfers Off-site for Recycling. Toxic chemicals in wastes that are sent off-site for the purposes of
recycling are generally recovered or regenerated by a variety of recycling methods, including solvent recovery,
metals recovery, and acid regeneration. The choice of the recycling method depends on the toxic chemical
being sent for recycling. Once they have been recycled, these chemicals may be returned to the originating
facility for further processing or made available for use in commerce.
Transfers Off-site for Energy Recovery. Toxic chemicals in wastes sent off-site for purposes of energy
recovery are combusted off-site in industrial furnaces (including kilns) or boilers that generate heat or energy for
use at that location. Treatment of a chemical by incineration is not considered to be energy recovery.
Transfers Off-site for Treatment. Toxic chemicals in wastes that are transferred off-site may be treated
through a variety of methods, including biological treatment, neutralization, incineration, and physical
separation. These methods typically result in varying degrees of destruction of the toxic chemical. In some
cases (such as stabilization or solidification), the chemical is not destroyed but is prepared for further waste
management, such as contained disposal.
Transfers Off-site for Disposal. Toxic chemicals in wastes that are transferred to a facility for disposal
generally are either released to land (see Box 1-1 above) at an off-site facility or are injected underground.
Other Off-site Transfers. In this report, toxic chemicals in wastes that were reported as transferred off-site
but for which the off-site activity (i.e., treatment, disposal, energy recovery, or recycling) was not specified or
was not an accepted code have been classified as "other off-site transfers."
Box 1-2. An Explanation of Transfers.
12
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
The environmental medium (air, water, land,
or underground injection) to which the toxic
chemical has been released.
Chemical exposure of a population depends
on the environmental medium to which a
chemical is released. The medium also
affects the types of exposures possible, such
as inhalation, dermal exposure, or ingestion.
Releases of a chemical to the air can
result in exposures to organisms living
near and downwind from facilities
releasing toxic chemicals to the atmos-
phere. Persistent chemicals may fall or
be rained out of air onto land or into
water bodies, resulting in exposures via
these environmental media.
Exposures that may result from releases
to water bodies (streams, lakes, etc.)
depend in part on the downstream uses
of the water, including drinking, cook-
ing, and bathing.
Releases to POTWs may result in
exposure if chemicals are not removed
through treatment processes and are
passed through the POTW to water
bodies used by downstream commu-
nities.
Toxic chemicals released to land may be
transported to other environmental
media as a result of run-off or migration
of the chemical through the soil into
underlying water sources.
Chemicals may enter the food chain
through the presence of the toxic
chemical in soil or water.
Injection of toxic chemicals into
properly designed and constructed
Class I wells will result in substantially
lower exposure potential than direct
forms of environmental release. These
wells are designed to entomb liquid
wastes for at least 10,000 years.
The type of off-site facility receiving the
chemical and the efficiency of its waste
management practices.
The amount of a toxic chemical that
ultimately enters the environment depends
upon how the chemical was handled during
disposal, treatment, energy recovery, or
recycling activities. Several factors to keep
in mind when considering amounts sent off-
site are presented below.
The efficiency of recycling operations
varies depending upon the method of
recycling and the chemical being
recycled.
Use of a combustible toxic chemical for
energy recovery typically results in the
destruction of 95% to 99% or more of
the toxic chemical. The remaining
quantity may either be released to air or
disposed of in ash to land.
The efficiency of the treatment of toxic
chemicals in waste sent to sewage
treatment plants varies depending on the
chemical and the sewage plant. Some
high-volume pollutants such as methanol
are readily degraded by most sewage
treatment plants. Other high volume
chemicals such as ammonia are not
readily treated by most sewage treatment
plants and will pass through the plant
into the aquatic environment. The
efficiency of other treatment methods,
such as incineration, also depends upon
the specifications of the treatment
facility and the nature of the chemical.
Toxic chemicals in waste sent off-site
for disposal are typically released to land
or injected underground.
13
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Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
1993 Releases
Total Releases
Fugitive Air
Point Source Air
Surface Water
Underground Injection
On-site Land Releases
Pounds
2,808,618,413
490,040,607
1,182,087,128
271,152,864
576,285,233
289,052,581
On-site Land
Releases
10.3%
Underground
Injection
20.5%
Surface Water
9.7%
Air Emissions
59.5%
Table 1-1. TRI Releases, 1993.
Figure 1-2. Distribution of TRI Releases, 1993.
Further information on the use of TRI data in
determining potential risks can be found in
"Toxic Chemical Risk Screening Guide" (EPA
560/2-89-002), July 1989.
1993 NATIONAL OVERVIEW
In 1993, 23,321 facilities reported approxi-
mately 2.8 billion pounds of total releases of
toxic chemicals into the environment. Amounts
directly released to the environment included
1.7 billion pounds to air, 271.2 million pounds
to surface water, and 289.1 million pounds to
land. An additional 576.3 million pounds were
injected underground. (See Table 1-1 and
Figure 1-2.)
Facilities also sent a total of 4.7 billion pounds
of toxic chemicals to off-site locations for
treatment, disposal, energy recovery, and
recycling. The bulk of these off-site transfers
(3.3 billion pounds) was sent off-site to be
recycled. In addition, 487.4 million pounds of
toxic chemicals were sent off-site for energy
recovery, 328.1 million pounds were transferred
off-site for treatment, 325.3 million pounds of
toxic chemicals were transferred off-site for
disposal, and 314.4 million pounds were sent to
Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTWs).
An additional 1.8 million pounds of toxic
chemicals were reported with no waste manage-
ment codes or invalid codes and are listed as
"Other Off-site Transfers." (See Table 1-2 and
Figure 1-3.)
The remainder of this chapter presents informa-
tion on amounts reported by facilities for 1993
activities summarized by state, industry sector,
and chemical. The chemical section provides
data on chemicals that may be of special interest
to the public, as well as a complete listing of
releases and transfers of all TRI chemicals.
1993 TRI DATA BY STATE
The following figures and tables present the
1993 release and transfer data by state.
Figures 1-4 and 1-5 illustrate which states have
the highest volumes of TRI total releases and
transfers.
Table 1-3 presents TRI releases, by media,
alphabetically by state. Table 1-4 presents TRI
transfers, by transfer type, and is also arranged
alphabetically by state. No reports were
received in 1993 for the District of Columbia,
Guam, or the Northern Mariana Islands.
Table 1-5 ranks states by the sum of TRI on-site
releases to air, water, and land only (excluding
underground injection of waste). The top five
14
-------
1993 Transfers
Total Transfers
Transfers to recycling
Transfers to energy recovery
Transfers to treatment
Transfers to POTWs
Transfers to disposal
Other off-site transfersQ
Pounds
4,709,043,863
3,252,166,922
487,380,037
328,074,174
314,350,915
325,251,442
1,820,373
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Transfers to
POTWs
6.7%
Transfers to
Treatment
7.0%
Transfers to
Energy
Recovery
10.3%
Transfers to
Disposal
6.9%
Transfers to
Recycling
69.1%
Less than 0.1%
Other Off-site
Transfers*
Table 1 -2. TRI Transfers, 1993.
Figure 1-3. Distribution of TRI Transfers, 1993.
states for total air/water/land releases for 1993
reporting were Louisiana, Texas, Tennessee,
Ohio, and Alabama. Table 1-6 ranks states by
the sum of their TRI total releases, which
includes amounts of waste injected under-
ground. In this ranking, the top four states
remain the same, but Alabama drops to sixth
place. Mississippi, which ranks 14th for air/
water/land releases, ranks fifth for total releases
because of large quantities of chemicals injected
underground.
EPA has offered these alternative state rankings
because substantial questions have been raised
concerning whether waste disposed of in Class I
injection wells should be viewed as a direct
environmental release. Properly designed and
constructed Class I injection wells have a
substantially lower exposure potential than
direct forms of release. EPA believes that it is
appropriate to include rankings both with and
without underground injection in order to help
the public to consider potential exposure when
focusing on areas of concern.
When reviewing TRI data, it is important to
remember that the information reported is not a
complete picture of all chemicals being released,
treated, or otherwise managed. TRI does not
Q Transfers reported without valid waste management codes.
cover all chemicals that may pose health or
environmental concerns; TRI does not cover all
industries that manage and release chemicals;
and TRI reporting thresholds exclude some
activities that would otherwise be reported.
With this in mind, the following Tables 1-7
through 1-12 illustrate the movement of off-site
transfers of waste within and between states.
Table 1-7 presents transfers from one location to
another within the same state. Table 1-8
presents transfers received at locations in the
state from TRI facilities outside that state
(imports of waste into the state). Some
interesting findings can be seen from comparing
general management of TRI waste for a given
state. For example, Washington state ranks
ninth in total transfers of TRI waste within the
state, but appears in the 31st position in terms of
total transfers received from sources outside the
state. Also of note, the District of Columbia has
no TRI reporting facilities but ranks 25th in
overall receipt of TRI waste for treatment or
further processing.
Table 1-9 adds the quantities in Tables 1-7 and
1-8, to give the total quantity of transfers
received at locations within a state, regardless of
whether those transfers originated at a TRI
facility in that state or in another state.
15
-------
Chapter 1 7993 TRI Releases and Transfers
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Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-3. TRI Releases by State, 1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Facilities
Number
517
8
3
180
398
1,758
189
388
75
512
731
18
58
1,387
1,041
427
288
445
322
111
209
588
970
523
330
590
23
172
39
126
700
41
847
965
33
1,669
255
256
1,262
177
158
493
64
694
1,240
143
44
3
473
312
154
883
29
23,321
Forms
Number
1,930
50
6
508
1,299
5,078
511
1,115
286
1,436
2,451
66
162
4,899
3,693
1,288
1,017
1,698
2,017
354
648
1,654
3,759
1.513
1,128
1,979
142
526
97
343
2,575
140
2,592
2,993
91
5,907
836
111
4,252
579
439
1,886
120
2,297
5,970
519
113
30
1,567
995
733
2,781
142
79,987
Total
Air
Emissions
Pounds
95,160,628
6,228,306
18,518
5,481,037
29,426,159
46,538,726
4,435,016
10,477,018
4,502,835
30,588,799
45,394,371
528,077
4,269,802
63,011,054
76,875,870
28,159,291
21,396,521
35,016,332
77,665,640
10,619,968
10,453,788
11,539,397
67,861,464
22,339,025
48,213,352
32,687,733
2,395,245
10,811,341
1,052,163
3,926,805
15,438,767
1,836,130
44,854,984
74,182,818
1 ,467,998
84,597,707
17,228,991
16,903,135
52,071,577
13,387,462
3,525,422
56,981,880
1,799,323
116,734,579
141,869,302
80,150,953
756,788
1 ,560,702
60,997,378
20,489.919
23.099.90)
33.220,087
1,897,651
1,672,127,735
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
5,628,552
2,056,183
5
57
1,555,379
3,085,060
189,656
2,345,213
135,504
2,149,042
3,037,766
14,300
30,574
5,167,311
777,645
1,055,579
743,750
490,193
210,347,583
625,901
567,509
46,533
331,065
450,851
1,776,442
1 ,440,396
182,387
339,827
0
66,329
3,296,633
14,254
1,779,140
735,905
70,147
4,798,638
418,143
562,627
1 ,054.565
16,531
133,763
963,027
15,018
2,263,941
2,268,176
48,077
1,450
137,330
1,815,362
3,746,659
1,657.994
649,215
69,677
271,152,864
Underground
Injection
Pounds
145,613
192
0
18
3,624,516
4,152,139
500
0
0
10,940,759
0
160,015
0
12,551,427
7,425,421
0
17,159,038
20,000
158,091,740
0
0
0
4,674,279
48
62,573,996
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
255
0
0
25,865,489
1,228,210
0
3,202
0
0
0
0
62,224,840
190,931,446
0
0
0
0
0
64
0
14,512,026
576,285,233
Releases
to Land
Pounds
4,603,618
1,933
0
7,955,053
2,471,827
3,494,363
286,900
373,108
174,267
25,466,473
1,454,833
1,760
3,717,828
20,261,127
12.765,463
2,301,076
532,071
1,299,674
4,575,998
1,378,229
2,208,581
51,973
9,131,738
2.190,285
5,455,676
15,480,689
42,634,659
305,618
7,661,687
11,224
637,489
21,979,730
1,124,826
16,095,957
1,282
22,772,725
3,185,438
1,969,869
952,942
10,407
0
1,158,972
192,610
6,984,283
17,102,799
11,651,782
260
26,038
2,280,206
191,137
329,600
2,041,591
114,907
289,052,581
Total
Releases
Pounds
105,538,411
8,286,614
18,523
13,436,165
37,077,881
57,270,288
4,912,072
13,195,339
4,812,606
69,145,073
49,886,970
704,152
8,018,204
100,990,919
97,844,399
31,515,946
39,831,380
36,826,199
450,680,961
12,624,098
13,229,878
11,637,903
81,998,546
24,980,209
118,019,466
49,608,818
45,212,291
11,456,786
8,713,850
4,004,358
19,372,889
23,830,114
47,759,205
91,014,680
1,539,427
138,034,559
22,060,782
19,435,631
54,082,286
13,414,400
3,659,185
59,103,879
2,006,951
188,207,643
352,171,723
91,850,812
758,498
1,724,070
65,092,946
24,427,715
25,087,559
35,910,893
16,594,261
2,808,618,413
18
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-4. TRI Transfers by State, 1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
49,419,204
450,043
0
47,132,038
60,125,214
227,379,771
9,794,524
24,761,508
16,316,523
21,515,244
52,316,876
39,148
515,255
140,936,017
413,167.791
23,148,215
39,859.752
62,739,461
111,187,063
2,965,478
52,005,750
23,304,629
168,278,116
17,480,487
258,115,284
47,477,206
1,941,469
21,329,393
682,744
7,117,233
99,562,436
390,388
79,057,657
100,713,583
219,148
200,292,570
21,324,382
16,370,061
180,137,012
14,610.091
11,664,174
118,435,540
290,928
43,699,761
244,947,157
35,586,971
3,978,943
682,955
26,673,107
67,357,496
31,489,347
53,116,195
65,584
3,252,166,922
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
11,889,056
0
0
716,757
6,036,168
9,592,954
3,925,318
4,055,556
439,333
3,519,899
7,099,249
0
247,671
38,003,092
16.627.290
4,621.931
2,159,574
10,184,639
6,881,439
600,484
2,566,686
7,924,901
70,479,924
5,386,483
3,905,138
8,295,626
73,110
787,282
4,579
310,431
28,241,990
170,931
7,460,234
10,265,190
46,830
31,009,831
2,718,713
609,976
20,462,927
8,217,141
457,959
10,029,008
212,101
9,794,572
84,893,966
325,535
177,002
125
7,491,583
641,015
15,208,982
22,605,827
4,029
487,380,037
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
7.797,927
2,364
7
2,388,813
1,280,819
6,746,814
3,654,992
6,771,808
1,005,826
3,823,636
2,439,819
790
46,510
19,720,357
31,239,809
2,530.478
3.919,211
9,575,465
5,617,275
296,433
1,690,335
4,341,388
16,704,543
2,127,610
1,606,017
18,062,200
10,785
2,595,999
17,379
415,357
10,416,001
79,609
7,296,850
5,199,707
61,531
47,164,592
912,252
699,817
25,063.156
6,476,251
533,093
7,650,416
53,737
3,598,948
34,765,586
736,280
320,564
7,261
3,201,325
1,019,982
6,440,144
9,928,293
18,013
328,074,174
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
468,846
20
0
533,642
596,869
19,418,656
632,061
1,251,210
3,062,509
9,385,308
4,382,221
5,000
2,027,567
47,878,672
3,572,043
8,833.109
2.455,067
2,187,485
40,857
625,989
5,353,989
4,729,882
7,834,646
5,852,931
927,638
21,901,305
27,822
1 ,248,693
7,279
445,404
38,828,620
334,316
8,468,446
3,585,272
194,415
17.734,142
195,438
4,827,587
9,610,012
3,581,800
1,925,027
2,484,168
192,453
19.410,913
22,456,379
529,260
18,713
0
15,184,377
561,887
1,870,901
6,669,786
283
314,350,915
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
8,131,155
20
0
205,696
1,118,874
9,370,805
1,195,107
915,069
120,206
1 ,879,497
3,626,030
14,982
4,839
17,036,493
15,131,517
1,305,151
9.058,591
3,143,410
2,615,845
193,879
359,170
1,241,351
31,343,649
580,733
1,424,877
3,326,039
58,774
12,687,901
67,742
457,796
3,887,380
33,604
6,036,685
4,823,420
3,913
37,752,061
11,208,920
1,313,441
61,777,620
347,434
2,515,076
3,711,850
65,328
9,576,246
33,339,093
6,925,955
26,182
1
1,781,848
975,822
2,660,269
9,838,100
35,996
325,251,442
Other
Off-site
Transfersฉ
Pounds
0
0
0
0
255
217,552
4,050
16,682
0
224,115
504
0
250
7,986
3,574
750
15,847
60,960
0
0
0
52,605
137,246
0
4,200
5,155
0
260
0
0
95,107
0
181,623
6,173
0
41,700
1,750
0
595,141
250
37
0
0
2,434
36,008
7,407
0
0
0
750
250
99,752
0
1,820,373
Total
Transfers
Pounds
77,706,188
452,447
7
50,976,946
69,158,199
272,726,552
19,206,052
37,771,833
20,944,397
40,347,699
69,864,699
59,920
2,842,092
263,582,617
479,742,024
40,439,634
57,468,042
87,891,420
126,342,479
4,682,263
61,975,930
41,594,756
294,778,124
31,428,244
265,983,154
99,067,531
2,111,960
38,649,528
779,723
8,746,221
181.031.534
1 ,008,848
108,501,495
124,593,345
525,837
333,994,896
36,361,455
23.820,882
297,645,868
33,232,967
17,095,366
142,310,982
814,547
86,082,874
420,438,189
44,111,408
4,521,404
690,342
54,332,240
70,556,952
57,669,893
102,257,953
123.905
4,709,043,863
Transfers reported without valid waste management codes.
19
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-5. TRI Releases to Air, Water, and Land by State, 1993 (Ordered by Total Air/Water/Land Release).
State
Louisiana
Texas
Tennessee
Ohio
Alabama
Utah
North Carolina
Indiana
Illinois
Michigan
Virginia
South Carolina
Florida
Mississippi
Pennsylvania
California
Georgia
Missouri
New York
Montana
Kentucky
Wisconsin
Arkansas
Iowa
West Virginia
Minnesota
Washington
New Mexico
Kansas
Oklahoma
Oregon
New Jersey
Arizona
Puerto Rico
Maryland
Connecticut
Maine
Massachusetts
Nebraska
Nevada
Alaska
Idaho
Colorado
Delaware
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
Wyoming
South Dakota
Virgin Islands
North Dakota
Vermont
Hawaii
American Samoa
Total
Total
Air
Emissions
Pounds
77,665,640
141,869,302
116,734,579
84,597,707
95,160,628
80,150,953
74,182,818
76,875,870
63,011,054
67,861,464
60,997,378
56,981,880
30,588,799
48,213,352
52,071,577
46,538,726
45,394,371
32,687,733
44,854,984
2,395,245
35,016,332
33,220,087
29,426,159
28,159,291
23,099,901
22,339,025
20,489,919
1,836,130
21,396,521
17,228,991
16,903,135
15,438,767
5,481,037
13,387,462
10,453,788
10,477,018
10,619,968
11,539,397
10,811,341
1,052,163
6,228,306
4,269,802
4,435,016
4,502,835
3,926,805
3,525,422
1,897,651
1,799,323
1 ,560,702
1 ,467,998
756,788
528,077
18,518
1,672,127,735
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
210,347,583
2,268,176
2,263,941
4,798,638
5,628,552
48,077
735,905
777,645
5,167,311
331,065
1,815,362
963,027
2,149,042
1 ,776,442
1,054,565
3,085,060
3,037,766
1 ,440,396
1,779,140
182,387
490,193
649,215
1,555,379
1,055,579
1,657,994
450,851
3,746,659
14,254
743,750
418,143
562,627
3,296,633
57
16,531
567,509
2,345,213
625,901
46,533
339,827
0
2,056,183
30,574
189,656
135,504
66,329
133,763
69,677
15,018
137,330
70,147
1,450
14,300
5
271,152,864
Releases
to Land
Pounds
4,575,998
17,102,799
6,984,283
22,772,725
4,603,618
11,651,782
16,095,957
12,765,463
20,261,127
9,131,738
2,280,206
1,158,972
25,466,473
5,455,676
952,942
3,494,363
1,454,833
15,480,689
1,124,826
42,634,659
1 ,299,674
2,041,591
2,471,827
2,301,076
329,600
2,190,285
191,137
21,979,730
532,071
3,185,438
1 ,969,869
637,489
7,955,053
10,407
2,208,581
373,108
1,378,229
51,973
305,618
7,661,687
1,933
3,717,828
286,900
174,267
11,224
0
114,907
192,610
26,038
1,282
260
1,760
0
289,052,581
Total
Air/Water/Land
Releases
Pounds
292,589,221
161,240,277
125,982,803
112,169,070
105,392,798
91,850,812
91,014,680
90,418,978
88,439,492
77,324,267
65,092,946
59,103,879
58,204,314
55,445,470
54,079,084
53,118,149
49,886,970
49,608,818
47,758,950
45,212,291
36,806,199
35,910,893
33,453,365
31,515,946
25,087,495
24,980,161
24,427,715
23,830,114
22,672,342
20,832,572
19,435,631
19,372,889
13,436,147
13,414,400
13,229,878
13,195,339
12,624,098
1 1 ,637,903
11,456,786
8,713,850
8,286,422
8,018,204
4,911,572
4,812,606
4,004,358
3,659,185
2,082,235
2,006,951
1,724,070
1,539,427
758,498
544,137
18,523
2,232,333,180
20
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-6. TRI Releases by State, 1993 (Ordered by Total Release).
State
Louisiana
Texas
Tennessee
Ohio
Mississippi
Alabama
Illinois
Indiana
Utah
North Carolina
Michigan
Florida
Virginia
South Carolina
California
Pennsylvania
Georgia
Missouri
New York
Montana
Kansas
Arkansas
Kentucky
Wisconsin
Iowa
West Virginia
Minnesota
Washington
New Mexico
Oklahoma
Oregon
New Jersey
Wyoming
Arizona
Puerto Rico
Maryland
Connecticut
Maine
Massachusetts
Nebraska
Nevada
Alaska
Idaho
Colorado
Delaware
New Hampshire
Rhode Island
South Dakota
Virgin Islands
North Dakota
Vermont
Hawaii
American Samoa
Total
Total
Air
Emissions
Pounds
77,665,640
141,869,302
116,734,579
84,597,707
48,213,352
95,160,628
63,011,054
76,875,870
80,150,953
74,182,818
67,861,464
30,588,799
60,997,378
56,981,880
46,538,726
52,071,577
45,394,371
32,687,733
44,854,984
2,395,245
21,396,52)
29,426,159
35,016,332
33,220,087
28,159,291
23,099,901
22,339,025
20,489,919
1,836,130
17,228,991
16,903,135
15,438,767
1,897,651
5,481,037
13,387,462
10,453,788
10,477,018
10,619,968
11,539,397
10,811,341
1,052,163
6,228,306
4,269,802
4,435,016
4,502,835
3,926,805
3,525,422
1,799,323
1,560,702
1,467,998
756,788
528,077
18,518
1,672,127,735
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
210,347,583
2,268,176
2,263,941
4,798,638
1,776,442
5,628,552
5,167,311
777,645
48,077
735,905
331,065
2,149,042
1,815,362
963,027
3,085,060
1,054,565
3,037,766
1,440,396
1,779,140
182,387
"743,750
1,555,379
490,193
649,215
1,055,579
1,657,994
450,851
3,746,659
14,254
418.143
562,627
3,296,633
69,677
57
16,531
567,509
2,345,213
625,901
46,533
339.827
0
2,056,183
30,574
189,656
135,504
66,329
133,763
15,018
137,330
70,147
1,450
14,300
5
271,152,864
Underground
Injection
Pounds
158,091,740
190,931,446
62,224,840
25,865,489
62,573,996
145,613
12,551,427
7,425,421
0
0
4,674,279
10,940,759
0
0
4,152,139
3,202
0
0
255
0
17,159,038
3,624,516
20,000
0
0
64
48
0
0
1,228,210
0
0
14,512,026
18
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
192
0
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
160,015
0
576,285,233
Releases
to Land
Pounds
4,575,998
17,102,799
6,984,283
22,772,725
5,455,676
4,603,618
20,261,127
12,765,463
11,651,782
16,095,957
9,131,738
25,466,473
2,280,206
1,158,972
3,494,363
952,942
1,454,833
15,480,689
1,124,826
42,634,659
532,071
Total
Releases
Pounds
450,680,961
352,171,723
188,207,643
138,034,559
118,019,466
105,538,411
100,990,919
97,844,399
91,850,812
91,014,680
81,998,546
69,145,073
65,092,946
59,103,879
57,270,288
54,082,286
49,886,970
49,608,818
47,759,205
45,212,291
39,831,380
2,471,827 1 37,077,881
1 ,299,674
2,041,591
2,301,076
329,600
2,190,285
191,137
21,979,730
3,185,438
1,969,869
637,489
114,907
7,955,053
10,407
2,208,581
373,108
1,378,229
51,973
305,618
7,661,687
1,933
3,717,828
286,900
174,267
11,224
0
192,610
26,038
1,282
260
1,760
0
289,052,581
36,826,199
35,910,893
31,515,946
25,087,559
24,980,209
24,427,715
23,830,114
22,060,782
19,435,631
19,372,889
16,594,261
13,436,165
13,414,400
13,229,878
13,195,339
12,624,098
11,637,903
11,456,786
8,713,850
8,286,614
8,018,204
4,912,072
4,812,606
4,004,358
3,659,185
2,006,951
1,724,070
1,539.427
758,498
704,152
18,523
2,808,618,413
21
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-7. Transfers of TRI Chemicals In Wastes Within a State, 1993 (Ordered by Total Transferred).
State
Indiana
Texas
California
Michigan
Pennsylvania
Ohio
Louisiana
Illinois
Washington
South Carolina
Wisconsin
New Jersey
New York
Arizona
Tennessee
West Virginia
Missouri
Nebraska
Alabama
Georgia
Puerto Rico
Kansas
North Carolina
Kentucky
Connecticut
Massachusetts
Maryland
Utah
Arkansas
Minnesota
Oklahoma
Florida
Virginia
Colorado
Iowa
Oregon
Mississippi
Delaware
Rhode Island
New Hampshire
Maine
Idaho
North Dakota
South Dakota
Nevada
New Mexico
Vermont
Montana
Hawaii
Wyoming
Alaska
American Samoa
Virgin Islands
Total
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
334,307,431
140,660,571
210,474,162
119,013,618
112,777,949
73,686,121
69,834,569
23,865,261
51,421,346
32,402,973
25,806,946
16,071,207
25,084,144
29,336,468
18,064,428
25,267,346
16,447,836
9,411,620
7,976,413
17,129,387
12,242,858
6,703,876
7,699,172
8,272,805
11,661,807
8,017,625
11,986,049
4,860,280
9,609,511
7,351,632
6,816,146
6,189,998
2,671,263
2,156,805
2,971,198
3,208,212
3,543,376
3,518,879
737,302
1,193,658
1,056,476
203,289
218,270
34.975
0
8,662
39.346
15,000
25
625
0
0
0
1,482,028,916
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
8,362,804
76,151,202
7,334,987
37,898,106
303,447
23,049,986
3,773,281
16,688,415
226,101
5,242,097
1,673,937
16,906,643
1,173,013
336,699
2,105,907
690,073
2,724,892
4,530
6,807,613
1,114,501
3,756,534
373,186
1,531,766
1.488,415
120,436
2,878,088
4,388
100
1,009,148
908,795
569,312
653,764
1.900,854
252,219
72,756
25.605
4.379
0
390
0
250
0
6,187
2,150
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
228.126,956
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
29,109,406
30,987,295
5,465,866
11,149,270
13,369,999
39,674,800
4,312,955
13,183,508
783,033
3,448,655
7,764,430
6,590,683
2,163,012
1,501,959
1,582,703
89,402
4,392,183
2,417,472
919,190
219,296
2,902,443
1,746,205
2,206,616
2,439,013
1,129,788
1,423,801
36,769
425,251
572,780
1,419,568
196,565
387,445
276.285
2,092.940
1,186,692
356,319
97,058
18,711
76,818
70,728
5,775
43,695
0
3,627
6,531
34,000
19,561
0
0
27
0
0
0
198.300,128
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
11,874,818
30,478,988
8,222,567
26,073,374
50,557,801
33,072,408
1,478,929
15,485,134
404,390
3,115,201
8,731,464
2,741,727
3,936,765
115,543
8,745,291
1,784,036
2,236,927
9,551,274
5,188,522
1,232,983
309,126
8,889,649
4,038,516
1,796.673
505,252
844,536
253,036
6,908,794
481,435
330,818
695,102
1,009,064
1,538,779
1,033,019
751,194
1,262,471
866,713
70,931
2,238,191
91,420
62,564
4,619
2,076
51,407
67,727
25,993
1,535
313
1,627
280
0
0
0
259,161,002
Other
Off-site
Transfersฉ
Pounds
2,824
27,594
171,572
1,250
1,332
41,700
0
7.731
750
0
2,802
500
89,159
0
2,387
0
2,250
0
0
2
250
200
255
460
16,432
9,297
0
7,407
250
0
1,750
33,800
0
250
750
0
0
0
32
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
422,986
Total
Transfers
Within State
Pounds
383,657,283
278,305,650
231,669,154
194,135,618
177,010,528
169,525,015
79,399,734
69,230,049
52,835,620
44,208,926
43,979,579
42,310,760
32,446,093
31,290,669
30,500,716
27,830,857
25,804,088
21,384,896
20,891,738
19,696,169
19,211,211
17,713,116
15,476,325
13,997,366
13,433,715
13,173,347
12,280,242
12,201,832
11,673,124
10,010,813
8,278,875
8,274,071
6,387,181
5,535,233
4,982,590
4,852,607
4,511,526
3,608,521
3,052,733
1,355,806
1,125,065
251,603
226,533
92,159
74,258
68,655
60,442
15,313
1,652
932
0
0
0
2,168,039,988
Q Transfers reported without valid waste management codes.
22
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-8. Receipt of TRI Chemicals in Wastes from Out of State, 1993 (Ordered by Total Received).
Receiving
State
Louisiana
Pennsylvania
Indiana
Ohio
Illinois
Texas
South Carolina
Michigan
New York
California
New Jersey
Missouri
Tennessee
Alabama
West Virginia
Georgia
Connecticut
Virginia
North Carolina
Kentucky
Wyoming
Wisconsin
Delaware
Arkansas
District of Columbia
Kansas
Massachusetts
Florida
Maryland
Minnesota
Washington
Oklahoma
Montana
Arizona
Rhode Island
Utah
Colorado
Iowa
Nebraska
Nevada
North Dakota
Mississippi
Idaho
Oregon
Alaska
New Hampshire
South Dakota
New Mexico
Vermont
Maine
American Samoa
Hawaii
Puerto Rico
Virgin Islands
OtherQ
Total
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
293,730,398
209,037,782
156,670,239
100,612,922
119,213,387
79,067,786
61,800,319
64,090,569
77,919,539
65,100,162
38,778.056
44,314,880
41,737,180
29,553,505
34,820,609
30,182,858
31,855,092
20,037,424
25,476,300
6,560,780
27,600,000
16,330,275
17,640,703
3,736,906
16,367,830
456,126
7,716,669
6,049,042
5,102,914
4,263,771
7,884,360
2,964,040
3,381,364
5,094,749
2,652,676
494,278
461,651
2,526,946
2,171,080
456,410
115,282
529,343
639,212
476,177
1,395
16,867
0
35,481
5,814
0
0
0
0
0
104,406,858
1,770.138,006
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
11,056,999
1,346,442
30,900,033
42,703,504
14,785,574
5,076,247
17,733,777
13,005,528
2,254,695
677,694
12,108,895
17,242,412
9,483,338
15,525,051
265,214
3,105,766
135,879
12,382,050
2,162,803
13,816,791
0
4,097,408
33,369
6,834,989
0
11,241,009
729,753
2,652,655
1,701,236
2,986,215
200,979
1 ,530,907
0
29,480
53,931
481,004
235,626
82,001
29,259
0
0
1,718
4,064
18,089
204,975
0
0
0
0
7,133
0
0
0
0
328,589
259,253,081
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
14,865,575
7,270,196
7,669,644
20,073,843
7,785,005
4,425,504
4,809,481
5,716,420
2,658,206
1,033,136
13,480,996
615,393
3,064,616
3,199,063
116,068
969,714
1,552,712
965,816
1,824,994
8,391,945
0
790,007
91,363
5,751,780
99,090
244,799
1,018,938
764,561
2,357,218
2,232,741
111,815
1,037,785
0
128,354
185,972
710,559
140,091
25,186
4,055
47,947
95,898
7,921
46,676
45,690
14,938
83
0
0
11,647
1,039
0
0
0
0
3,319,566
129,774,046
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
3,119,264
2,437,494
3,579,118
14,240,939
3,972,927
11,336,738
3,834,247
4,715,998
957,690
107,555
317,884
98,848
948,588
1,720,429
420,450
215,416
127,281
48,682
461.040
516,627
0
575,876
1,817
229,119
1,490
91,975
667,092
58,772
334,989
602
48,671
1,241,234
2,144,060
68,258
78,359
1 ,207,726
2,047,862
14,584
25,751
790.490
980,383
522,943
260,682
338,571
5
198,655
93,240
3,393
680
1,553
0
0
0
0
884,393
66,090.440
Other
Off-site
Transfersฉ
Pounds
500
122,877
9,155
16,965
88,200
250
8
250
0
250
266,009
6,805
42,482
10,790
0
250
41,735
1,823
0
255
0
279
0
5,184
0
0
5
0
250
0
0
1,182
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
781.883
1,397,387
Total
Transfers
Received
Pounds
322,772,736
220,214,791
198,828,189
177,648,173
145,845,093
99,906,525
88,177.832
87,528,765
83,790,130
66,918,797
64,951,840
62,278,338
55,276,204
50,008,838
35,622,341
34,474,004
33,712,699
33,435,795
29,925,137
29,286,398
27,600,000
21,793,845
17,767,252
16,557,978
16,468,410
12,033,909
10,132,457
9,525,030
9,496,607
9,483,329
8,245,825
6,775,148
5,525,424
5,320,841
2,970,938
2,893,567
2,885,230
2,648,717
2,230,145
1,294,847
1,191.563
1,061,925
950,634
878,527
221,313
215,605
93,240
38,874
18,141
9,725
0
0
0
0
109,721.289
2,226,652,960
0 Transfers reported without valid waste management codes.
Q Includes wastes sent to other countries and to sites not identified by state.
23
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-9. Total Transfers of TRI Chemicals Received, Including Intrastate Transfers and Transfers into the
State, 1993 (Ordered by Transfers Received).
Receiving
State
Indiana
Louisiana
Pennsylvania
Texas
Ohio
California
Michigan
Illinois
South Carolina
New York
New Jersey
Missouri
Tennessee
Alabama
Wisconsin
West Virginia
Washington
Georgia
Connecticut
North Carolina
Kentucky
Virginia
Arizona
Kansas
Arkansas
Wyoming
Nebraska
Massachusetts
Maryland
Delaware
Minnesota
Puerto Rico
Florida
District of Columbia
Utah
Oklahoma
Colorado
Iowa
Rhode Island
Oregon
Mississippi
Montana
New Hampshire
North Dakota
Nevada
Idaho
Maine
Alaska
South Dakota
New Mexico
Vermont
Hawaii
American Samoa
Virgin Islands
OtherQ
Total
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
490,977,670
363,564,967
321,815,731
219,728,357
174,299,043
275,574,324
183,104,187
143,078,648
94,203,292
103,003,683
54,849,263
60,762,716
59,801,608
37,529,918
42,137,221
60,087,955
59,305,706
47,312,245
43,516,899
33,175,472
14,833,585
22,708,687
34,431,217
7,160,002
13,346,417
27,600,625
11,582,700
15,734,294
17,088,963
21,159,582
11,615,403
12,242,858
12,239,040
16,367,830
5,354,558
9,780,186
2,618,456
5,498,144
3,389,978
3,684,389
4,072,719
3,396,364
1,210,525
333,552
456,410
842,501
1 ,056,476
1,395
34,975
44,143
45,160
25
0
0
104,406,858
3,252,166,922
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
39,262,837
14,830,280
1,649,889
81,227,449
65,753,490
8,012,681
50,903,634
31,473,989
22,975,874
3,427,708
29,015,538
19,967,304
11,589,245
22,332,664
5,771,345
955,287
427,080
4,220,267
256,315
3,694,569
15,305,206
14,282,904
366,179
11,614,195
7,844,137
0
33,789
3,607,841
1.705.624
33,369
3,895,010
3,756,534
3,306.419
0
481.104
2,100,219
487,845
154,757
54,321
43,694
6,097
0
0
6,187
0
4,064
7,383
204,975
2,150
0
0
0
0
0
328,589
487,380,037
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
36,779,050
19,178,530
20,640,195
35,412,799
59,748,643
6,499,002
16,865,690
20,968,513
8,258,136
4,821,218
20,071.679
5,007,576
4,647,319
4,118.253
8,554,437
205,470
894,848
1,189,010
2,682,500
4,031,610
10,830.958
1,242,101
1,630,313
1,991,004
6,324,560
27
2,421,527
2,442,739
2,393,987
110,074
3,652,309
2,902,443
1,152.006
99.090
1,135,810
1,234,350
2,233,031
1,211,878
262,790
402,009
104,979
0
70,811
95,898
54,478
90,371
6,814
14,938
3,627
34,000
31,208
0
0
0
3,319,566
328,074,174
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
15,453,936
4,598,193
52,995,295
41,815,726
47,313,347
8,330,122
30,789,372
19,458,061
6,949,448
4,894,455
3,059,611
2,335,775
9,693,879
6,908,951
9,307,340
2,204,486
453,061
1,448,399
632,533
4,499,556
2,313,300
1,587,461
183,801
8,981,624
710,554
280
9,577,025
1,511,628
588,025
72,748
331,420
309,126
1,067,836
1,490
8,116,520
1,936,336
3,080,881
765,778
2,316,550
1,601,042
1,389,656
2,144,373
290,075
982,459
858,217
265,301
64,117
5
144,647
29,386
2,215
1,627
0
0
884,393
325,251,442
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
1 1 ,979
500
124,209
27,844
58,665
171,822
1,500
95,931
8
89,159
266,509
9,055
44,869
10,790
3,081
0
750
252
58,167
255
715
1,823
0
200
5,434
0
0
9,302
250
0
0
250
33,800
0
7,407
2,932
250
750
32
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
781,883
1,820,373
Total
Transfers
Received
Pounds
582,485,472
402,172.470
397,225,319
378,212,175
347,173,188
298,587,951
281,664,383
215,075,142
132,386,758
116,236,223
107,262,600
88,082,426
85,776,920
70,900,576
65,773,424
63,453,198
61,081,445
54,170,173
47,146,414
45,401,462
43,283,764
39,822,976
36,611,510
29,747,025
28,231,102
27,600,932
23,615,041
23,305,804
21,776,849
21,375,773
19,494,142
19,211,211
17,799,101
16,468,410
15,095,399
15,054,023
8,420,463
7,631,307
6,023,671
5,731,134
5,573,451
5,540,737
1,571,411
1,418,096
1,369,105
1,202,237
1,134,790
221,313
185,399
107,529
78,583
1,652
0
0
109,721,289
4,394,692,948
Q Transfers reported without valid waste management codes.
Q Includes wastes sent to other countries and to sites not identified by state.
24
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-10. Transfers of TRI Chemicals in Wastes Out of State, 1993 (Ordered by Total Transferred).
Transferring
State
Mississippi
Ohio
Illinois
Texas
Pennsylvania
North Carolina
New Jersey
South Carolina
Michigan
Indiana
Kentucky
New York
Arkansas
Alabama
Wisconsin
Missouri
Louisiana
Georgia
Maryland
Kansas
Tennessee
Virginia
Utah
West Virginia
Oklahoma
Iowa
Massachusetts
Connecticut
Florida
California
Arizona
Washington
Nebraska
Minnesota
Delaware
Oregon
Colorado
Rhode Island
Puerto Rico
New Hampshire
Vermont
Maine
Montana
Nevada
Virgin Islands
New Mexico
Idaho
South Dakota
Alaska
Wyoming
North Dakota
Hawaii
American Samoa
Total
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
254,571,908
126,606,449
117,070,756
104,286,586
67,359,063
93,014,411
83,491,229
86,032,567
49,264,498
78,860,360
54,466,656
53,973,513
50,515,703
41,442,791
27,309,249
31,029,370
41,352,494
35,187,489
40,019,701
33,155,876
25,635,333
24,001,844
30,726,691
6,222,001
14,508,236
20,177,017
15,287,004
13,099,701
15,325,246
16,905,609
17,795,570
15,936,150
11,917,773
10,128,855
12,797,644
13,161,849
7,637,719
10,926,872
2,367,233
5,923,575
3,939,597
1,909,002
1,926,469
682,744
682,955
381,726
311,966
255,953
450,043
64,959
878
39,123
0
1,770,138,006
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
3,900,759
7,959,845
21,314,677
8,742,764
20,159,480
8,733,424
11,335,347
4,786,911
32,581,818
8,264,486
8,696,224
6,287,221
5,027,020
5,081,443
20,931,890
5,570,734
3,108,158
5,984,748
2,562,298
1,786,388
7,688,665
5,590,729
325,435
14,518,909
2,149,401
4,549,175
5,046,813
3,935,120
2,866,135
2,257,967
380,058
414,914
782,752
4,477,688
439.333
584,371
3,673,099
457,569
4,460.607
310,431
177,002
600,234
73,110
4,579
125
170,931
247,671
209,951
0
4,029
40,643
0
0
259,253,081
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
1,508,959
7,489,792
6,536,849
3,778,291
11,693,157
2,993,091
3,825,318
4,201,761
5,555,273
2,130,403
7,136,452
5,133,838
708.039
6,878,737
2,163,863
13,670,017
1,304,320
2,220,523
1,653,566
2,173,006
2,016,245
2,925,040
311,029
6,350,742
715,687
1,343,786
2,917,587
5,642,020
3,436,191
1,280,948
886,854
236,949
178,527
708,042
987,115
343,498
1,562,052
456,275
3,573,808
344,629
301,003
290,658
10,785
10,848
7,261
45,609
2,815
50,110
2,364
17,986
,61,531
790
7
129,774,046
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
558,164
4,679,653
1,551,359
2,860,105
11,219,819
784,904
1,145,653
596,649
5,270,275
3,256,699
1,346,737
2,099,920
637,439
2,942,633
1,106,636
1,089,112
1,136,916
2,393,047
106,134
168,942
830,955
243,069
17,161
876,233
10,513,818
553,957
396,815
409,817
870,433
1,148,238
90,153
571,432
3,136,627
249,915
49,275
50,970
162,088
276,885
38,308
366,376
24,647
131,315
58,461
15
1
7,611
220
13,921
20
35,716
1,837
13,355
0
66,090,440
Other
Off-site
TransfersQ
Pounds
4,200
0
255
8,414
593,809
5,918
94,607
0
135,996
750
60,500
Total
Transfers
Out of State
Pounds
260,543,990
146,735,739
146,473,896
119,676,160
111,025,328
105,531,748
99,892,154
95,617,888
92,807,860
92,512,698
71,706,569
92,464 67,586,956
5 56.888.206
0
96,950
2,905
0
502
0
15,647
47
0
0
250
0
0
43,308
250
190,315
45,980
0
0
260
0
0
0
3,800
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,397,387
56,345,604
51,608,588
51,362,138
46,901,888
45,786,309
44,341,699
37,299,859
36,171,245
32,760,682
31,380,316
27,968,135
27,887,142
26,623,935
23,691,527
23,086,908
22,688,320
21,638,742
19,152,635
17,159,445
16,015,939
15,564,500
14,273,367
14,140,688
13,038,758
12,117,606
10,439,956
6,945,011
4,442,249
2,931,209
2,068,825
698,186
690,342
605,877
562,922
529,935
452,427
122,690
104,889
53,268
7
2,226,652,960
Transfers reported without valid waste management codes.
25
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-11. States with Net Imports of TRI Chemicals in Wastes (Transfers Received from Out of State Minus
Transfers Sent Out of State), 1993 (Ordered by Net Imports).
State
Louisiana
Pennsylvania
Indiana
California
Ohio
Wyoming
Tennessee
District of Columbia
New York
Missouri
Connecticut
West Virginia
Delaware
Montana
North Dakota
Virginia
Nevada
Idaho
Total
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
252,377,904
141,678,719
77,809,879
48,194,553
-25,993,527
27,535,041
16,101,847
16,367,830
23,946,026
13,285,510
18,755,391
28,598,608
4,843,059
1,454,895
114,404
-3,964,420
-226,334
327,246
641,206,631
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
7,948,841
-18,813,038
22,635,547
-1,580,273
34,743,659
-4,029
1,794,673
0
-4,032,526
11,671,678
-3,799,241
-14,253,695
-405,964
-73,110
-40,643
6,791,321
-4,579
-243,607
42,335,014
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
13,561,255
-4,422,961
5,539,241
-247,812
12,584,051
-17,986
1,048,371
99,090
-2,475,632
-13,054,624
-4,089,308
-6,234,674
-895,752
-10,785
34,367
-1,959,224
37,099
43,861
-461,423
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
1,982,348
-8,782,325
322,419
-1,040,683
9,561,286
-35,716
117,633
1,490
-1,142,230
-990,264
-282,536
-455,783
-47,458
2,085,599
978,546
-194,387
790,475
260,462
3,128,876
Other
Off-site
TransfersQ
Pounds
500
-470,932
8,405
-45,730
16,965
0
42,435
0
-92,464
3,900
41,485
-250
0
0
0
1,823
0
-250
-494,113
Net
Imports
Pounds
275,870,848
109,189,463
106,315,491
45,280,055
30,912,434
27,477,310
19,104,959
16,468,410
16,203,174
10,916,200
10,625,791
7,654,206
3,493,885
3,456,599
1,086,674
675,113
596,661
387,712
685,714,985
Table 1-10 presents TRI transfers from facilities
in a state to locations outside that state (exports
of waste from that state to other states).
Some states, such as Ohio, Pennsylvania,
Illinois, and Texas, rank high both for receipt of
chemicals from out of state and for transfers of
chemicals to other states.
Table 1-11 presents the states that are net
importers of TRI chemicals in waste. These
states receive more transfers of TRI chemicals
in waste from other states than they send to
other states. These states are ranked in descend-
ing order by total net quantity imported. In this
table, a negative number in a transfer category
indicates that the state is a net exporter in that
category, although the state is a net importer for
the sum of all amounts received.
Table 1-12 presents the states that are net
exporters of TRI chemicals in waste. These
states transfer more TRI chemicals in waste to
locations in other states than they receive from
Q Transfers reported without valid waste management codes.
26
other states. These states are ranked in descend-
ing order by total net quantity exported. In this
table, a negative number in a transfer category
indicates that the state is a net importer in that
category, even though it is a net exporter
overall.
Figure 1-6 displays a map of the continental
U.S. depicting those counties that rank in the top
10% based on total releases to air, land, and
water as reported in 1993. These top 10%
represent 210 counties out of approximately
2,100 total counties reporting to TRI. These top
counties account for 68% of the total releases to
air, land, and water for the nation as a whole.
Table 1-13 lists the top 50 counties for total air/
water/land releases. These top 50 counties
account for nearly 42% of the total releases to
air/water/land reported to TRI nationally.
Facilities report their city and county location
information to EPA on their Form Rs. EPA
enters this facility identification information as
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-12. States with Net Exports of TRI Chemicals in Wastes (Transfers Sent Out of State Minus Transfers
Received from Out of State), 1993 (Ordered by Net Exports).
State
Mississippi
North Carolina
Kentucky
Arkansas
New Jersey
Maryland
Wisconsin
Utah
Kansas
Iowa
Oklahoma
Texas
Arizona
Nebraska
Massachusetts
Oregon
Florida
Georgia
Puerto Rico
Colorado
Rhode Island
Washington
South Carolina
New Hampshire
Alabama
Minnesota
Michigan
Vermont
Maine
Virgin Islands
Illinois
New Mexico
South Dakota
Alaska
Hawaii
American Samoa
Total
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
254,042,565
67,538,111
47,905,876
46,778,797
44,713,173
34,916,787
10,978,974
30,232,413
32,699,750
17,650,071
11,544,196
25,218,800
12,700,821
9,746,693
7,570,335
12,685,672
9,276,204
5,004,631
2,367,233
7,176,068
8,274,196
8,051,790
24,232,248
5,906,708
11,889,286
5,865,084
-14,826,071
3,933,783
1,909,002
682,955
-2,142,631
346,245
255,953
448,648
39,123
0
745,613,489
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
3,899,041
6,570,621
-5,120,567
-1,807,969
-773,548
861,062
16,834,482
-155,569
-9,454,621
4,467,174
618,494
3,666,517
350,578
753,493
4,317,060
566,282
213,480
2,878,982
4,460,607
3,437,473
403,638
213,935
-12,946,866
310,431
-10,443,608
1,491,473
19,576,290
177,002
593,101
125
6,529,103
170,931
209,951
-204,975
0
0
42,663,603
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
1,501,038
1,168,097
-1,255,493
-5,043,741
-9,655,678
-703,652
1,373,856
-399,530
1,928,207
1,318,600
-322,098
-647,213
758,500
174,472
1,898,649
297,808
2,671,630
1,250,809
3,573,808
1,421,961
270,303
125,134
-607,720
344,546
3,679,674
-1,524,699
-161,147
289,356
289,619
7,261
-1,248,156
45,609
50,110
-12,574
790
7
2,858,143
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
35,221
323,864
830,110
408,320
827,769
-228,855
530,760
-1,190,565
76,967
539,373
9,272,584
-8,476,633
21,895
3,110,876
-270,277
-287,601
811,661
2,177,631
38,308
-1,885,774
198,526
522,761
-3,237,598
167,721
1,222,204
249,313
554,277
23,967
129,762
1
-2,421,568
4,218
-79,319
15
13,355
0
4,013,269
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
4,200
5,918
60,245
-5,179
-171,402
-250
96,671
0
15,647
0
-1,182
8,164
0
260
43,303
0
190,315
252
0
3,800
5
0
-8
0
-10,790
0
135,746
0
0
0
-87,945
0
0
0
0
0
287,770
Net
Exports
Pounds
259,482,065
75,606,611
42,420,171
40,330,228
34,940,314
34,845,092
29,814,743
28,486,749
25,265,950
23,975,218
21,111,994
19,769,635
13,831,794
13,785,794
13,559,070
13,262,161
13,163,290
11,312,305
10,439,956
10,153,528
9,146,668
8,913,620
7,440,056
6,729,406
6,336,766
6,081,171
5,279,095
4,424,108
2,921,484
690,342
628,803
567,003
436,695
231,114
53,268
7
795,436,274
reported by facilities. This county table
includes certain independent cities, which are
not part of any county (for example, Hopewell
City, Virginia). Some facilities, particularly
those located in or near independent cities or on
county borders, may misreport their county
location. Such misreporting would affect the
totals and rankings in this table.
Release information alone from TRI does not
provide an adequate basis for assessing potential
exposure or risk. While the counties in this map
flj) Transfers reported without valid waste management codes.
have large releases relative to other counties,
these cannot be assumed to be "hot spots."
Exposure potential depends on many factors in
addition to magnitude of release, such as release
medium, environmental and chemical fate
characteristics, proximity to population centers,
and demographic or human activity character-
istics as previously discussed. This map
primarily provides a sense of the geographic
distribution of TRI total releases, and shows
where the largest volumes of such releases
occur.
27
-------
1 -1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
28
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-13. Top 50 U.S. Counties for Air/Water/Land Releases, 1993 (Ordered by Total Air/Land/Water Release).
County
St. James
Tooele
Mobile
Harris
Lewis and Clark
Ascension
Sullivan
Hamblen
Washington
Polk
Cook
Nueces
Lake
Jefferson
Los Angeles
Salt Lake
Hidalgo
Whiteside
Monroe
Brazoria
Beaufort
Wayne
Ontonagon
New Hanover
Shelby
Jefferson
Humphreys
Calcasieu
East Baton Rouge
Jefferson
St. Mary
Grant
Giles
Morgan
Madison
Elkhart
Orange
Galveston
Catawba
Cuyahoga
Chatham
Iron
Gila
Oakland
Charleston
Hamilton
Kent
Hopewell City
York
Kanawha
Subtotal
Total
State
LA
UT
AL
TX
MT
LA
TN
TN
OH
FL
IL
TX
IN
TX
CA
UT
NM
IL
NY
TX
NC
MI
MI
NC
TN
MO
TN
LA
LA
KY
LA
NM
VA
AL
IL
IN
TX
TX
NC
OH
GA
MO
AZ
MI
SC
FL
MI
VA
SC
WV
Facilities
Number
10
3
45
271
3
19
17
23
14
44
594
13
49
39
657
60
1
15
54
28
7
158
2
15
85
14
4
22
24
87
6
1
1
26
31
103
14
15
65
233
30
3
2
71
17
1
98
7
18
16
3,135
23,321
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
5,696,045
73,326,750
48,855,511
42,526,385
133,215
16,404,667
30,222,741
24,251,620
6,966,216
2,708,531
19,484,511
5,579,511
4,989,338
15,826,112
16,075,860
4,038,789
643,105
533,927
12,491,701
12,316,711
3,278,327
11,085,001
6,576,857
3,365,767
9,781,210
1,606,238
2,559,966
6,365,651
7,370,887
8,684,842
8,265,019
305,252
7,887,916
6,388,946
2,644,662
7,657,531
7,513,958
7,003,946
7,258,337
5,245,701
5,316,505
239,035
851,341
6,725,647
6,705,245
261,020
6,354,886
5,066,581
6,036,835
5,720,827
507,195,182
1,672,127,735
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
184,008,820
500
735,936
604,657
0
21,757,205
240,379
21,970
3,972,873
456
26,814
128,284
433,036
353,652
200,901
14,205
0
3,105
743,555
454,669
0
153,201
164
53,808
12,501
159,093
1,530,891
1,160,230
1,193,390
3,303
180
0
638
1,476,473
205,113
16,610
35,952
269,958
1
87,479
1,458,601
91
5
527
29,956
1,390
55
1,353,132
212,136
481,381
223,597,276
271,152,864
Releases
to Land
Pounds
725,912
1,700
277,142
1,035,156
42,611,283
777,255
79,469
237,500
10,080,097
16,847,565
4,170
12,016,538
11,372,047
222,256
72,813
11,444,025
14,130,654
13,970,000
110
140,711
8,806,805
1,550
3,784,000
6,719,045
7,142
7,933,240
5,469,090
1,453,927
161,665
13,000
0
7,837,287
15,200
30,770
5,019,761
17,351
73,395
154,962
500
1,874,802
356,505
6,867,046
6,091,204
62,145
6,850
6,450,000
244,980
208
63,965
1,581
205,564,379
289,052,581
Total Air/
Water/Land
Releases
Pounds
190,430,777
73,328,950
49,868,589
44,166,198
42,744,498
38,939,127
30,542,589
24,511,090
21,019,186
19,556,552
19,515,495
17,724,333
16,794,421
16,402,020
16,349,574
15,497,019
14,773,759
14,507,032
13,235,366
12,912,091
12,085,132
11,239,752
10,361,021
10,138,620
9,800,853
9,698,571
9,559,947
8,979,808
8,725,942
8,701,145
8,265,199
8,142,539
7,903,754
7,896,189
7,869,536
7,691,492
7,623,305
7,428,866
7,258,838
7.207,982
7,131,611
7,106,172
6,942,550
6,788,319
6,742,051
6,712,410
6,599,921
6,419,921
6,312,936
6,203,789
936,356,837
2,232,333,180
29
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Releases can vary widely within a given county.
Some counties have multiple sources that
contribute TRI releases, such as Harris county,
Texas, with 271 facilities, while other counties,
such as Tooele, Utah, have the vast majority of
their TRI reported releases from a single
facility. The numbers of reporting facilities in
each county are included in Table 1-13. Within
a given county, TRI reporting facilities can be
located in relatively concentrated urban centers
or in sparsely populated rural areas.
1993 TRI DATA BY INDUSTRY
The following section summarizes the TRI data
reported by industry. Industry categories are
based on the Standard Industrial Classification
(SIC) code(s) reported by the facility on its
Form R.
Tables 1-14 and 1-15 present TRI releases and
transfers, respectively, by industry in SIC code
order. The TRI reporting Form R allows
facilities to report more than one SIC code as
the facility determines to be appropriate in
characterizing its operations. Facilities that
reported two or more two-digit SIC codes
(Major Groups) within the manufacturing range
of 20-39 [for example, petroleum (29) and
chemicals (28)] are assigned to a "multiple
codes" category. Facilities reporting no SIC
code or SIC codes outside the 20-39 range are
assigned to a "no codes" category.
The top five industry categories having the
largest total on-site releases for 1993 were
chemical manufacturing (SIC code 28), primary
metals (33), paper manufacturing (26), multiple
codes (20 - 39), and transportation equipment
(37). These same industries comprise the top
five industries for releases to air, water, and
land, excluding underground injection. Figure
1-7 illustrates the levels of TRI total releases
and transfers reported across industry sectors.
Multiple SIC Codes
TRI facilities submitted nearly 6,000 Form Rs
that indicated multiple SIC code combinations.
These 6,000 Form Rs had nearly 400 unique
combinations of two or more two-digit SIC
codes or major groups within the manufacturing
sector. These forms contained information on
over 160 million pounds of total releases which
placed this industry group in fourth place among
others based on total release amounts. These
Form Rs had an additional 468 million pounds
of waste that were reported as off-site transfers.
Table 1-16 is a list of the top 25 multiple SIC
code combinations falling within the manufac-
turing sector. These combinations account for
nearly 70% of the total releases associated with
multiple SIC code combinations of manufac-
turing activities and have been included to
provide a level of insight into some of the
industrial activities that are associated with the
multiple industry grouping. Many of the same
industries that rank high in releases assigned
specifically to that industry, such as chemicals,
paper, primary metals, and plastics also appear
dominant in the multiple list. However, other
industries, such as stone/clay/glass, machinery,
and textiles can also be found among these
combinations.
The sequence of SIC code combinations listed
in Table 1-16 is ranked in the order as reported.
Within this list, some SIC code combinations
repeat in a different order (30 and 28 also appear
as 28 and 30). These similar combinations were
not presented in aggregate in order to preserve
the sequence in which they were reported. TRI
reporting guidance directs facilities to report the
SIC code that represents their primary economic
activity first. While it is unknown whether
facilities follow this guidance, the original order
may reflect the facilities' primary activity by the
leading codes.
30
-------
Table 1-17 lists the releases and transfers of the
individual industry segments making up the
chemical manufacturing industrythe largest
single industry sector for both releases and
transfers.
Top 50 Facilities
Table 1-18 lists the top 50 facilities based on the
sum of amounts released to air, water, and land.
Figure 1-8 illustrates the approximate location
of the top 25 facilities for total air/water/land
releases. The size of the triangle designating the
facility's location is proportional to the quantity
of releases from that facility. While the top 50
facilities contributed approximately 32% of all
of the TRI reported releases to air, water, and
land, they represent substantially less than 1%
of the 23,321 facilities that reported in 1993.
These facilities submitted a total of 868 chemi-
cal reports which is an average of 17.4 reports
per facility. This is well above the national
average of 3.4 reports for all facilities.
Table 1-19 presents the top 50 facilities for total
TRI releases, including underground injection of
waste. These 50 facilities account for nearly
41% of TRI total releases, including
underground injection.
Figure 1-9 displays the top 25 facilities for TRI
total releases including underground injection.
Top 10 Parent Companies
This section summarizes TRI data by reporting
facilities' parent companies. Each facility is
required to report the name of its parent
company (if applicable) on the TRI Form R.
The parent company is the company that owns
or controls the facility. For TRI purposes, the
parent company of a facility is defined as the
highest-level company located in the United
States that directly owns at least 50% of the
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
voting stock of the company of which the
facility is a part. In some cases, this information
is omitted or the facility indicates a company
that is not the highest-level parent. For the
purpose of this analysis, in cases where the
ultimate parent was not identified, a parent
company was assigned through a search of the
most recent Dun and Bradstreet data using the
facility-level information provided on the Form
R.
Table 1-20 presents releases and number of
forms and facilities attributable to the top 10
parent companies based on the sum of amounts
released to air, water, and land. These parent
companies accounted for only 1.4% of all
facilities and 3.7% of all forms, yet they
accounted for 25.7% of TRI releases to air,
water, and land.
Table 1-21 presents releases and numbers of
forms and facilities attributable to the top 10
parent companies for total TRI releases, includ-
ing underground injection. Again, these parent
companies accounted for only 1.6% of all
facilities and 4.0% of all forms, yet they
accounted for 31.5% of total TRI releases,
including underground injection.
Reporting by Federal Facilities
Until 1994, facilities owned and operated by the
federal government were not required to report
to TRI, although some did report voluntarily.
Beginning with the 1994 reporting year, all
federal facilities must comply with TRI report-
ing requirements. These requirements were
extended to federal facilities in an Executive
Order entitled "Federal Compliance with Right-
to-Know Laws and Pollution Prevention
Requirements." The federal facilities that meet
the TRI thresholds will submit their reports on
or before July 1, 1995, and EPA and the states
will make the information publicly available.
31
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-14. TRI Releases by Industry, 1993.
SIC
Code Industry
20 Food
2 1 Tobacco
22 Textiles
23 Apparel
24 Lumber
25 Furniture
26 Paper
27 Printing
28 Chemicals
29 Petroleum
30 Plastics
3 1 Leather
32 Stone/Clay/Glass
33 Primary Metals
34 Fabr. Metals
35 Machinery
36 Electrical
37 Transportation Equip.
38 Measure. /Photo.
39 Miscellaneous
Multiple codes 20-39ฎ
No codes 20-39ฎ
Total
Facilities
Numberฎ
2,069
20
465
42
732
557
569
317
4,150
404
1,858
149
638
1,898
3,132
1,063
1,436
1,273
371
390
1,609
179
23,321
Forms
Number
3,851
43
962
76
1,931
1,848
2,487
631
22,363
3,255
4,293
367
1,554
6,847
8,885
2,900
4.283
4,908
991
955
5,914
643
79,987
Total
Air
Emissions
Pounds
27,428,898
2.729.408
20,139,895
1,129,346
30,403,029
57.855,811
192,990,912
36,529,750
476,240,352
57,414,321
126,122,790
7,518,426
18,016,657
136,736,804
90,593,939
27,350,918
41,175,533
134.178,612
27,327.487
17,308,899
131,074,139
11,861,809
1,672,127,735
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
1,353,806
18,996
262,370
965
106,019
621
18,071,971
592
234,143,888
3,319,276
360,401
61,813
190,644
6,819,434
101,928
238,911
308,536
130,460
846,881
1,543
4,499,802
314,007
271,152,864
Underground
Injection
Pounds
68,405
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
533,476,390
13,297,835
5
0
6,566,124
18,652,430
1,490
0
19,233
505
0
0
237,334
3,965,480
576,285,233
Releases
to Land
Pounds
9,317,812
0
47,102
644
12,881
276,502
5,066,282
9,157
72,127,072
770,475
393,773
773,958
1,906,055
166,564,396
660,322
73,180
536,111
1,525,481
45,475
7,474
24,543,291
4,395,138
289,052,581
Total
Releases
Pounds
38,168,921
2,748,404
20,449,367
1,130,955
30,521,929
58,132,934
216,129,167
36,539.499
1,315,987,702
74,801,907
126,876,969
8,354,197
26,679,480
328,773,064
91,357,679
27,663,009
42,039,413
135,835,058
28,219,843
17,317,916
160,354,566
20,536,434
2,808,618,413
In September 1992, the Secretary of Energy
directed the Department to initiate TRI reporting
at Department of Energy (DOE) sites for 1993, a
year ahead of the requirement in the Executive
Order. DOE's contractor-operated sites have
been reporting since 1987.
For reporting year 1993, 23 DOE facilities
submitted 89 TRI Form R reports. Reports were
submitted for 28 TRI chemicals. Total DOE
releases reported for 1993 were 4,346,424
pounds and transfers were 109,097 pounds.
Refer to Tables 1-22 and 1-23 for a list of DOE
facilities reporting to TRI and their associated
releases and transfers.
DOE is undertaking numerous projects to
prevent pollution and reduce releases of toxic
chemicals. The following are some examples of
these activities.
DOE is funding the development, demonstra-
tion, testing, evaluation, and implementation of
new environmentally benign technologies under
its "Environmentally Conscious Manufacturing"
program. Activities include product reformu-
lation, substitution of materials, process modi-
fication, equipment design, and recycling.
The pollution prevention program for the
Pinellas Plant in Largo, Florida, has targeted
three chlorinated hydrocarbonsdichloro-
Facilities have been assigned to the "multiple" category according to all the SIC codes they reported. Forms and amounts in
pounds have been assigned to single category SIC codes if only one SIC code was reported for an individual chemical form from
the facility.
Facilities/forms that reported more than one 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 [e.g., paper (26) and chemicals (28)].
Facilities/forms that did not report an SIC code or reported SIC codes outside the 20-to-39 range.
32
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-15. TRI Transfers by Industry, 1993.
SIC
Code Industry
20 Food
2 1 Tobacco
22 Textiles
23 Apparel
24 Lumber
25 Furniture
26 Paper
27 Printing
28 Chemicals
29 Petroleum
30 Plastics
3 1 Leather
32 Stone/Ciay/Glass
33 Primary Metals
34 Fabr. Metals
35 Machinery
36 Electrical
37 Transportation Equip.
38 Measure./Photo.
39 Miscellaneous
Multiple codes 20-39ฉ
No codes 20-39ฎ
Total
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
1,210,750
196,422
1,200,913
133,913
913,842
5,992,642
1,953,942
5,363,834
427,094,852
756,334,743
17,112,155
273,156
3,422,985
899,179,430
244,303,696
48,045,192
300,389,598
146.237,930
15,895,600
20,996,818
350,579,136
5,335,373
3,252,166,922
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
148,973
3,800
1,543,629
429,623
3,056,232
6,915,293
8,154,047
3,943.469
354,783,477
1,132,435
11,183,173
358,513
8.680,155
11,977,764
13,813,645
3,214,982
11,331,120
20,386,364
4,386,610
3,278,073
17,999,868
658,792
487,380,037
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
2,228,504
1,108
617,266
150,586
1,018,339
1,320,086
8,381,596
360.698
157.058,327
755,086
4,912,901
77,640
3,257,548
51,339,183
18,566,017
2,431,092
14,262,282
9,547,463
3,299,098
1,050,855
47,169,011
269,488
328,074,174
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
37,450,297
53,515
6,538,506
65,497
101,626
107,353
38,149,414
344,669
171,745,641
4,990,242
3,708,610
6,243,363
671,389
11,767,672
3,809,715
1,632,074
7,238,460
3,651,386
1,031,703
682,471
13,831,315
535,997
314,350,915
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
10,605,629
6,320
969,247
56,967
1,960,743
384,205
2,734,955
189,079
41,195,779
3,225,689
10,214,990
2,790,830
8,817,672
155,233,279
19,826,720
3,347,525
9,861,733
11,383,880
1,067,747
3,265,699
37,961,766
150,988
325,251,442
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
2,255
0
0
0
4,300
5,458
0
3,189
105,443
0
30,892
0
3,079
394,486
369,491
34,750
7,212
685,491
0
755
173,273
299
1,820,373
Total
Transfers
Pounds
51,646,408
261,165
10,869,561
836,586
7,055,082
14,725,037
59,373,954
10,204,938
1,151,983,519
766,438,195
47,162,721
9,743,502
24,852,828
1,129,891,814
300,689,284
58,705,615
343,090,405
191,892,514
25,680,758
29,274,671
467,714,369
6,950,937
4,709,043,863
methane, trichloroethylene, and 1,1,1-trichloro-
ethane. Activities include on-time buying to
reduce the quantity of chemicals which were
being disposed of due to shelf life expiration; a
Seven Point Resale Program to recycle virgin
chemicals with expired shelf lives, rather than
dispose of the materials as hazardous waste;
implementation of nickel teflon-plated molds in
resin coatings; and installing water-based
degreasers in production areas and laboratories.
The Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant has substituted
chlorine with ozone for use as a biocide to
control biological growth in its cooling towers.
The Argonne National Laboratory East is
decontaminating and reusing 10,000 surface-
contaminated lead bricks using a carbon dioxide
ice-pellet blast system, instead of the typical
wet-acid process, preventing 4,400 cubic feet of
mixed waste over the year-long life of the
project.
In 1993, the Savannah River Site recycled 941
gallons (7,852 pounds) of paint solvents
containing two TRI chemicalsmethyl ethyl
ketone (MEK) and xylene. Approximately
2,356 pounds of MEK and 982 pounds of
xylene were recycled. By recycling the paint
solvents, Savannah River was able to reduce
both its procurement and its disposal of these
chemicals. Additionally, Savannah River is
revising its paint specifications to require the
use of less volatile chemicals.
Transfers reported without valid waste management codes.
Facilities/forms that reported more than one 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 [e.g., paper(26) and chemicals (28)].
Facilities/forms that did not report an SIC code or reported SIC codes outside the 20-to-39 range.
33
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
2,750
2,500 -
2,250
2,000
1,750-
1,500
1,250-
1,000-
750
500-
250
CO
I Releases H Transfers
Figure 1-7. TRI Releases and Transfers by Industry, 1993.
34
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-16. Top 25 Combinations of Multiple Two-Digit SIC Codes 20-39 for TRI Releases, 1993.ฎ
Multiple
SIC Codes
29
26
33
28
28
26
28
33
30
33
37
37
36
22
28
28
32
30
22
37
30
34
38
37
37
28
28
32
20
30
24
33
34
22
28
34
36
26
26 28
22
38
35
34
30
32
28
35
32 26
35
30
Subtotal
Total
Forms
Number
354
85
44
70
274
48
19
433
34
96
205
66
17
7
47
29
57
102
21
20
100
133
7
83
25
2,376
5,914
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
11,313,808
698,624
341,267
616,804
1,872,385
350,933
98,117
1,327,961
1,865,732
1,587,322
1,642,807
1,724,008
670,093
14,540
978,977
1,188,232
12,800
725,238
723,347
341,020
697,503
596,111
1,311,800
595,218
128,561
31,423,208
46,700,422
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
4,678,369
9,205,276
127,198
1,782,554
4,140,359
5,168,938
249,383
2,685,461
2,095,741
2,306,357
2,155,455
1,429,137
2,422,372
2,908,088
1,616,260
1,179,763
2.142,963
1,228,528
1,120,495
1,380,960
885,383
882,009
77,850
698,840
1,212,106
53.779,845
84,373,717
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
757,700
1,078,217
320,216
2,431
112,393
132,193
34,800
20,544
0
34,676
2,787
1,290
0
53
15,480
0
190
1
85
5,420
6,939
4,711
0
81,842
0
2,611,968
4,499,802
Underground
Injection
Pounds
14,795
0
0
28
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
14,828
237,334
Releases
to Land
Pounds
770,975
38,305
9,863,650
6,844,389
17,106
448,530
5,216,700
79,917
0
1,448
3,541
0
0
234
256,450
6,216
0
0
0
0
51,832
123,967
0
327
22,000
23,745,587
24,543,291
Total
Releases
Pounds
17,535,647
11,020,422
10,652,331
9,246,206
6,142,248
6,100,594
5,599,000
4,113,883
3,961,473
3,929.803
3,804,590
3,154,435
3,092,465
2,922,915
2,867,167
2.374,211
2,155,953
1,953,767
1,843,927
1,727,400
1,641,657
1,606,798
1,389,650
1,376,227
1,362,667
111,575,436
160,354,566
Table 1-17. TRI Releases in Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SIC 28), by Three-Digit SIC Code, 1993.
SIC
Code Industry
281 Industrial inorganic chemicals
282 Plastics materials and synthetics
283 Drugs
284 Soap and cleaners
285 Paints and allied products
286 Industrial organic chemicals
287 Agricultural' chemicals
289 Miscellaneous chemical products
Multiple within SIC 28ฎ
Unknown/not valid SIC code
Total
Facilities
Number
559
376
222
457
575
413
267
710
567
4
4,150
Forms
Number
1,709
2,092
834
1,471
3,409
3,300
1,185
2,482
5,869
12
22,363
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
25,328,465
64,551,800
19,436,585
1,949,332
11,230,322
61,729,456
54,201,815
25,197,963
212,575,927
38,687
476,240,352
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
2,728,275
1,220,937
607,622
8,680
10,601
1,415,674
7,187,123
287,458
220,677,518
0
234,143,888
Underground
Injection
Pounds
120,745,733
238,020
4,172,498
18,378
0
87,698,609
2,751,109
250
317,851,793
0
533,476,390
Releases
to Land
Pounds
31,064,549
923,007
139,119
4,545
26,844
1,027,734
19,392,979
97,081
19,451,214
0
72,127,072
Total
Releases
Pounds
179,867,022
66,933,764
24,355,824
1,980,935
11,267,767
151,871,473
83,533,026
25,582,752
770,556,452
38,687
1,315,987,702
These combinations are taken in order reported on the TRI Form R. Facilities are asked to report their primary SIC codes first.
Therefore, a combination of "2911 2869" would be different from "2869 2911" in that the primary manufacturing operations at
the facility fall under SIC code 2911 (petroleum refining) in the first instance, but under 2869 (industrial organic chemicals
manufacture in the second instance).
Facilities have been assigned to the "multiple" category according to all the SIC codes they reported. Forms and amounts in
pounds have been assigned to single-category SIC codes if only one SIC code was reported for a particular chemical form from
the facility.
35
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-18. Top 50 TRI Facilities with the Largest Air/Water/Land Releases, 1993.
Facility Name
IMC-Agrico Co.
Magnesium Corp. of America
IMC-Agrico Co.
Asarco Inc.
Courtaulds Fibers Inc.
Eastman Chemical Co.
Arcadian Fertilizer L.P.
Lenzing Fibers Corp.
Elkem Metals Co.
Phelps Dodge Mining Co.
Northwestern Steel & Wire Co.
American Chrome & Chemicals
Eastman Kodak Co.
Kennecott Utah Copper
Texasgulf Inc.
Inland Steel Co.
Doe Run Co.
Chino Mines Co.
Hoechst-Celanese
IMC Fertilizer Inc.
Asarco Inc.
CF Industries Inc.
Dow Chemical Co.
Occidental Chemical Corp.
Occidental Chemical Corp.
Cyprus Miami Mining Corp.
Chemetals Inc.
Coastal Chem Inc.
Kerr-Mcgee Chemical Corp.
Westinghouse Electric Corp.
Mississippi Chemical Corp.
Westvaco Corp.
Granite City Steel
Unocal Petroleum Prods.
Westvaco Corp.
Eastman Kodak Co.
Cabot Corp.
Shell Oil Co.
General Motors Corp.
American Tape Co.
Cabot Corp.
Mobil Oil Beaumont Refinery
Arcadian Fertilizer L.P.
3MCo.
Dow Chemical Co.
DuPont
North American Rayon Corp.
Farmland Industries Inc.
Hoechst-Celanese Chemical
ITT Rayonier Inc.
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Facilities
City State
Saint James
Rowley
Uncle Sam
East Helena
Axis
Kingsport
Geismar
Lowland
Marietta
Playas
Sterling
Corpus Christ!
Rochester
Magna
Aurora
East Chicago
Herculaneum
Hurley
Narrows
Mulberry
Annapolis
Donaldson ville
Freeport
White Springs
Castle Hayne
Claypool
LA
UT
LA
MT
AL
TN
LA
TN
OH
NM
IL
TX
NY
UT
NC
IN
MO
NM
VA
FL
MO
LA
TX
FL
NC
AZ
New Johnsonville TN
Battle Mountain
Hamilton
Hampton
Yazoo City
North Charleston
Granite City
Kenai
Covington
Longview
Franklin
Deer Park
Saginaw
Marysville
Ville Platte
Beaumont
Millington
Cordova
Plaquemine
Leland
Elizabethton
Enid
Pasadena
Port Angeles
NV
MS
sc
MS
SC
IL
AK
VA
TX
LA
TX
MI
MI
LA
TX
TN
IL
LA
NC
TN
OK
TX
WA
SICฎ
Code
28
33
28
33
28
28
28
28
33
33
33
28
38
33
28
Mult.
33
33
28
Mult.
33
28
28
28
28
33
28
28
Mult.
30
28
26
33
28
26
Mult.
28
Mult.
33
26
28
29
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
26
Formsฎ
Number
8
8
4
10
7
69
11
7
9
4
8
8
64
13
8
34
8
3
11
7
6
11
90
5
4
6
5
5
8
13
5
15
31
10
13
41
5
55
20
2
4
33
10
31
56
25
5
10
30
13
868
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
5,084,677
73,300,250
108,337
117,215
42,614,610
29,027,863
1,925,191
22,250,765
4,556,572
643,105
301,470
90,810
11,280,804
395,305
2,679,010
434,977
258,309
305,252
7,887,916
799,365
218,170
6,085,325
6,521,547
261,020
4,817
135,500
220,712
341,332
198,955
5,425,690
4,647,652
5,280,208
380,242
4,781,036
4,649,105
4,568,463
4,545,100
3,821,886
324,173
4,462,227
4,416,847
4,286,393
4,029,229
229,313
2,058.424
3,815,000
3,651,505
3,733,060
3,747,833
1,456,310
292,358,877
79,987 1,672,127,735
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
122,406,028
0
61,442,528
0
44,255
233,428
19,985,915
21,750
3,968,000
0
3,100
22,550
743,510
4,750
0
320,092
3,063
0
638
0
86
951,965
277,332
1,390
74
5
891
0
34,800
31
710,943
17,691
84,312
302,675
87,800
10,000
0
13,142
0
0
0
0
9,937
3,692,596
745,836
15,456
120,150
33,250
0
2,204,700
218,514,669
271,152,864
Releases
to Land
Pounds
422,262
0
256,315
42,611,283
0
78,386
761,855
0
10,080,000
14,130,654
13,970,000
12,000,000
100
11,317,260
8,806,800
9,863,650
7,932,956
7,837,287
15,200
6,800,750
6,867,046
0
17,698
6,450,000
6,700,904
6,088,000
5,463,290
5,235,336
5,212,800
0
0
0
4,691,594
157
15,450
8,700
0
692,903
4,172,015
0
0
25,686
0
54,400
1,080,931
24,854
30
505
0
0
199,687,057
289,052,581
Total Air/
Water/Land
Releases
Pounds
127.912,967
73,300,250
61,807,180
42,728,498
42,658,865
29,339,677
22,672,961
22,272,515
18,604,572
14,773,759
14,274,570
12,113,360
12,024,414
11,717,315
11,485,810
10,618,719
8,194,328
8,142,539
7,903,754
7,600,115
7,085,302
7,037,290
6,816,577
6,712,410
6,705,795
6,223,505
5,684,893
5,576,668
5,446,555
5,425,721
5,358,595
5,297,899
5,156,148
5,083,868
4,752,355
4,587,163
4,545,100
4,527,931
4,496,188
4,462,227
4,416,847
4,312,079
4,039,166
3,976,309
3,885,191
3,855,310
3,771,685
3,766,815
3,747,833
3,661,010
710,560,603
2,232,333,180
Mult, (multiple) means more than one SIC code reported in the range 20 through 39.
Number of forms is all chemical forms reported by the facility regardless of whether or not air, water, or land releases were
reported for a particular chemical.
36
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
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37
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-19. Top 50 TRI Facilities with the Largest Total Releases, 1993.
Facility Name
IMC-Agrico Co.
Cytec Industries Inc.
Magnesium Corp. of America
IMC-Agrico Co.
DuPont
DuPont
Asarco Inc.
Courtaulds Fibers Inc.
Monsanto Co.
DuPont
Eastman Chemical Co.
Sterling Chemicals Inc.
Arcadian Fertilizer L.P.
DuPont
Lenzing Fibers Corp.
BP Chemicals Inc.
BP Chemicals Inc.
Elkem Metals Co.
Vulcan Chemicals
Coastal Chern Inc.
Phelps Dodge Mining Co.
Northwestern Steel & Wire Co.
Cabot Corp.
Zeneca Specialties
Amoco Oil Co.
American Chrome & Chemicals
Eastman Kodak Co.
Kennecott Utah Copper
Texasgulf Inc.
Inland Steel Co.
Hoechst-Celanese Chemical
DuPont
Uniroyal Chemical Co. Inc.
Rubicon Inc.
Doe Run Co.
Chino Mines Co.
Hoechst-Celanese
IMC Fertilizer Inc.
Asarco Inc.
CF Industries Inc.
Dow Chemical Co.
Occidental Chemical Corp.
Occidental Chemical Corp.
Engelhard Corp.
Cyprus Miami Mining Corp.
Angus Chemical Co.
Asarco Inc.
Monsanto Co.
Chemetals Inc.
Coastal Chem Inc.
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Facilities
City State
Saint James
Westwego
Rowley
Uncle Sam
Pass Christian
LA
LA
UT
LA
MS
New Johnsonville TN
East Helena
Axis
Alvin
Beaumont
Kings port
Texas City
Geismar
Victoria
Lowland
Port Lavaca
Lima
Marietta
Wichita
Cheyenne
Playas
Sterling
Tuscola
Ml. Pleasant
Texas City
Corpus Christi
Rochester
Magna
Aurora
East Chicago
Pasadena
Orange
Geismar
Geismar
Herculaneum
Hurley
Narrows
Mulberry
Annapolis
Donaldsonvillc
Freeport
White Springs
Castle Hayne
Jackson
Claypool
Sterlington
Amarillo
Cantonment
MT
AL
TX
TX
TN
TX
LA
TX
TN
TX
OH
OH
KS
WY
NM
IL
IL
TN
TX
TX
NY
UT
NC
IN
TX
TX
LA
LA
MO
NM
VA
FL
MO
LA
TX
FL
NC
MS
AZ
LA
TX
FL
New Johnsonville TN
Battle Mountain
NV
SICฎ
Code
28
28
33
28
28
28
33
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
33
28
28
33
33
28
28
29
28
38
33
28
Mult.
28
28
28
28
33
33
28
Mult.
33
28
28
28
28
32
33
28
33
28
28
28
Total
Air
Formsฎ Emissions
Number Pounds
8
21
8
4
6
7
10
7
24
36
69
37
11
32
7
20
24
9
25
13
4
8
2
18
32
8
64
13
8
34
30
38
27
30
8
3
11
7
6
11
90
5
4
I
6
15
14
26
5
5
911
79,987 1
5,084,677
530,923
73,300,250
108,337
2,875,670
2,215,700
117,215
42,614,610
251,495
1,603,075
29,027,863
1,063,698
1,925,191
545,379
22,250,765
118,844
214,380
4,556,572
432,349
822,397
643,105
301,470
3,177,080
204,674
648,689
90,810
11,280,804
395,305
2,679,010
434,977
3,747,833
2,405,205
919,372
361,457
258,309
305,252
7,887,916
799,365
218,170
6,085,325
6,521,547
261,020
4,817
6,912
135,500
421,245
125,810
131,683
220,712
341,332
240,674,096
672,127,735
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
122,406,028
40,551
0
61,442,528
0
0
0
44,255
0
28,078
233,428
20,005
19,985,915
1,910
21,750
870
0
3,968,000
0
0
0
3,100
0
0
227,374
22,550
743,510
4,750
0
320,092
0
22,573
16,420
131
3,063
0
638
0
86
951,965
277,332
1,390
74
0
5
72,560
0
950
891
0
210,862,772
271,152,864
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
119,578,250
0
0
56,000,000
49,000,000
0
0
40,164,600
35,186,195
0
23,625,432
0
21,903,231
0
20,531,246
20,406,300
0
16,973,869
14,512,026
0
0
10,749,360
13,224,585
12,166,000
0
0
0
0
0
6,606,610
7,303,524
8,088.520
8,260,300
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6,521,124
0
5,523,000
5,832,635
5,779,658
0
0
507,936,465
576,285,233
Releases
to Land
Pounds
422,262
0
0
256,315
64
0
42,611,283
0
101,000
0
78,386
0
761,855
21,152
0
19
0
10,080,000
0
0
14,130,654
13,970,000
0
0
154,671
12,000,000
100
11,317,260
8,806,800
9,863,650
0
0
0
0
7,932,956
7,837,287
15,200
6,800,750
6,867,046
0
17,698
6,450,000
6,700,904
0
6,088,000
0
11,975
0
5,463,290
5,235,336
183,995,913
289,052,581
Total
Releases
Pounds
127,912,967
120,149,724
73,300,250
61,807,180
58,875,734
51,215,700
42,728,498
42,658,865
40,517,095
36,817,348
29,339,677
24,709,135
22,672,961
22,471,672
22,272,515
20,650,979
20,620,680
18,604,572
17,406,218
15,334,423
14,773,759
14,274,570
13,926,440
13,429,259
13,196,734
12,113,360
12,024,414
11,717,315
11,485,810
10,618,719
10,354,443
9,731,302
9,024,312
8,621,888
8,194,328
8,142,539
7,903,754
7,600,115
7,085,302
7,037,290
6,816,577
6,712,410
6,705,795
6,528,036
6,223,505
6,016,805
5,970,420
5,912,291
5,684,893
5,576,668
1,143,469,246
2,808,618,413
Mult, (multiple) means more than one SIC code reported in the range 20 through 39.
Number of forms is all chemical forms reported by the facility regardless of whether or not releases were reported for a particular
chemical.
38
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Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
i
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39
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-20. Top 10 TRI Parent Companies with the Largest Air/Water/Land Releases, 1993.
Company Name
Freeport-McMoran Inc.
Renco Holdings Inc.
Asarco Inc.
Eastman Kodak Co.
Courtaulds United States
General Motors Corp.
Arcadian Fertilizer L.P.
DuPont
3MCo.
Phelps Dodge Corp.
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Facilities
Facilities Forms
Number Number
4 18
6 34
13 105
21 313
11 62
129 1,092
8 71
77 811
50 372
18 65
337 2,943
23,321 79,987
Total
Air
Emissions
Pounds
5,412,474
73,579,823
1,630,038
48,666,641
43,683,098
28,537,841
12,450,526
29,419,556
23,162,980
5,158,546
271,701,523
1,672,127,735
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
184,131,306
5,489
17,779
1,129,867
45,443
114,070
21,937,530
3,793,670
3,969,076
413
215,144,643
271,152,864
Releases
to Land
Pounds
4,216,827
922,180
49,576,730
130,314
0
7,667,899
864,402
301,564
100,826
21,969,941
85,750,683
289,052,581
Total Air/
Water/Land
Releases
Pounds
193,760,607
74,507,492
51,224,547
49,926,822
43,728,541
36,319,810
35,252,458
33,514,790
27,232,882
27,128,900
572,596,849
2,232,333,180
Table 1-21. Top 10 TRI Parent Companies with the Largest Total Releases, 1993.
Company Name
DuPont
Freeport-McMoran Inc.
American Cyanamidฉ
Renco Holdings Inc.
Asarco Inc.
Monsanto Co.
Eastman Kodak Co.
BP America
Courtaulds United States
General Motors Corp.
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Facilities
Facilities
Number
77
4
32
6
13
29
21
56
11
129
378
23,321
Forms
Number
811
18
234
34
105
283
313
272
62
1,092
3,224
79,987 1
Total
Air
Emissions
Pounds
29,419,556
5,412,474
3,734,318
73,579,823
1,630,038
4,897,603
48,666,641
3,216,623
43,683,098
28,537,841
242,778,015
,672,127,735
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
3,793,670
184,131,306
704,655
5,489
17,779
1,470,802
1,129,867
369,667
45,443
114,070
191,782,748
271,152,864
Underground
Injection
Pounds
172,510,531
0
119,816,270
0
5,832,635
48,530,658
0
40,937,546
0
0
387,627,640
576,285,233
Releases
to Land
Pounds
301,564
4,216,827
385,511
922,180
49,576,730
133,359
130,314
10,534
0
7,667,899
63,344,918
289,052,581
Total
Releases
Pounds
206,025,321
193,760,607
124,640,754
74,507,492
57,057,182
55,032,422
49,926,822
44,534,370
43,728,541
36,319,810
885,533,321
2,808,618,413
American Cyanamid no longer exists, but was in existence during 1993. Many of the releases attributed to American Cyanamid
in 1993 will be associated with Cytec Industries in future years.
40
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-22. TRI Releases from U.S. Department of Energy Facilities, 1993.
Facility City
U.S. DOE Stanford Linear Ace. Menlo Park
U.S. DOE Etec Site Simi Hills
U.S. DOE Naval Petroleum Res. Tupman
U.S. DOE Rocky Flats Plant Golden
U.S. DOE Pinellas Plant Largo
U.S. DOE Idaho Natl. Eng. Lab Scoville
U.S. DOE Argonne Natl. Lab Aargonne
U.S. DOE Fermi Natl. Lab Batavia
U.S. DOE Kansas City Plant Kansas City
U.S. DOE Weldon Spring Site Saint Charles
U.S. DOE Sandia Natl. Lab Albuquerque
U.S. DOE Los Alamos Natl. Lab Los Alamos
U.S. DOE Nevada Test Site Mercury
U.S. DOE Brookhaven Natl. Lab Upton
U.S. DOE Fernald Fernald
U.S. DOE Mound Plant Miamisburg
U.S. DOE Portsmouth Gas. Diff. Piketon
U.S. DOE Savannah River Site Aiken
U.S. DOE Oak Ridge K-25 Site Oak Ridge
U.S. DOE Oak Ridge Natl. Lab Oak Ridge
U.S. DOE Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant Oak Ridge
U.S. DOE Hanford Site Richland
U.S. DOE Naval Petroleum Res. Casper
Total for U.S. Department
of Energy Facilities
State
CA
CA
CA
CO
FL
ID
IL
IL
MO
MO
NM
NM
NV
NY
OH
OH
OH
SC
TN
TN
TN
WA
WY
SICฎ
Code
None
37
None
Mult.
36
Mult.
None
None
None
None
36
None
None
None
None
Mult.
28
28
28
None
Mult.
None
None
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
8,300
101,200
20,490
3,877
22,755
69,561
1,500
1,800
1,477
255
255
755
0
5,010
1,010
250
171,298
68,772
4,536
2,860
73,755
14
327
560,057
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
4,110
0
5
900
0
339
1,001
1,852
4,493
0
0
0
12,705
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
3,762,430
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3.762,430
Releases
to Land
Pounds
0
0
0
750
0
380
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9,847
0
5
250
0
0
11,232
Total
Releases
Pounds
8,300
101,200
3,782,920
4,627
22,755
69,941
1,505
1,800
1,477
255
255
4,865
0
5,015
1,910
250
171,637
79,620
6,388
7,358
74,005
14
327
4,346,424
Table 1-23. TRI Transfers from U.S. Department of Energy Facilities, 1993.
Facility
U.S. DOE Stanford Linear Ace.
U.S. DOE Etec Site
U.S. DOE Naval Petroleum Res.
U.S. DOE Rocky Flats Plant
U.S. DOE Pinellas Plant
U.S. DOE Idaho Natl. Eng. Lab
U.S. DOE Argonne Natl. Lab
U.S. DOE Fermi Natl. Lab
U.S. DOE Kansas City Plant
U.S. DOE Weldon Spring Site
U.S. DOE Sandia Natl. Lab
U.S. DOE Los Alamos Natl. Lab
U.S. DOE Nevada Test Site
U.S. DOE Brookhaven Natl. Lab
U.S. DOE Fernald
U.S. DOE Mound Plant
U.S. DOE Portsmouth Gas. Diff.
U.S. DOE Savannah River Site
U.S. DOE Oak Ridge K-25 Site
U.S. DOE Oak Ridge Natl. Lab
U.S. DOE Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant
U.S. DOE Hanford Site
U.S. DOE Naval Petroleum Res.
Total for U.S. Department
of Energy Facilities
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
4,400
68,111
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
72,511
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,650
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,650
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
4,005
255
0
0
10,000
344
4,000
1,459
0
0
0
0
0
1,335
0
500
0
67
0
0
0
0
0
21,965
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
0
0
0
0
15
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
150
0
0
0
0
0
415
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
0
0
0
0
11,200
106
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
11,556
Other
Off-Site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
Transfers
Pounds
8,405
68,366
0
0
21,215
450
6,650
1,709
0
0
250
0
0
1,335
0
500
0
217
0
0
0
0
0
109,097
Mult, (multiple) means more than one SIC code reported in the range 20 through 39. None means no SIC code reported in the
range 20 through 39.
Transfers reported without valid waste management codes.
41
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
1993 TRI DATA BY CHEMICAL
The following tables provide the 1993 TRI data
by chemical. Table 1-24 lists the top 50 TRI
chemicals with largest air, water, and land
releases. Table 1-25 lists the top 50 TRI chemi-
cals with the largest total releases including
underground injection.
Tables 1-26 to 1-34 provide the top 15 chemi-
cals released to each media and transferred off-
site for each waste management activity.
Use, Toxicity, and Environmental
Fate Information
TRI chemicals exhibit a variety of adverse
health and environmental effects. Some of the
key effects exhibited by these chemicals are
discussed below. Box 1-3 provides a reference
to the potential health or environmental effects
of the top 25 TRI chemicals for total releases.
Acute Toxicity: Toxicity that results from a
single exposure to a chemical.
Carcinogenicity: The ability of a chemical to
produce cancer.
Chronic Toxicity: Toxicity that results from a
repeated long-term exposure to a chemical. The
adverse effects are produced on the thyroid,
liver, kidney, spleen, gastrointestinal tract and/
or respiratory system.
Developmental Toxicity: Any detrimental
effect produced by exposure to the chemical
during embryonic stages of development. These
effects include structural abnormalities, func-
tional abnormalities, growth retardation, or
death of the fetus.
Reproductive Toxicity: The occurrence of
adverse effects on the reproductive system that
may result from exposure to a chemical. The
manifestation of such toxicity may be noted as
alterations in sexual behavior, fertility, preg-
nancy outcomes, or modifications in hormonal
functions that are dependent on the integrity of
this system.
Neurotoxicity: Occurrence of adverse effects
on the nervous system following exposure to a
chemical.
Other Effects: Toxic effects can be caused by
the degradation products or metabolites of the
parent compound.
Environmental Effects: Adverse effects on the
flora and fauna (aquatic and terrestrial
organisms) such as reduction in agricultural
productivity, fish kills, and death of birds.
Some chemicals can cause adverse effects by
ozone depletion and eutrophication.
(Eutrophication is a result of the overgrowth of
algae whose death and decay may lead to
depletion of dissolved oxygen in the water.
Low levels of dissolved oxygen limit the type of
aquatic organisms that can survive in the water,
possibly resulting in fish kills.)
The following information on use, toxicity, and
environmental fate is provided for the top 10
chemicals with largest air/water/land releases
and total releases taken from Tables 1-24 and
1-25.
Ammonia
Uses. Ammonia is used in the manufacture of
various nitrogen compounds including nitric
acid, ammonium salts, urea, and chemicals that
are used as fertilizers or in the manufacture of
nylon and plastics. Ammonia is also used in
refrigeration, paper and pulp production, explo-
sives, cleaners, and metal-treating operations.
Toxicity. Anhydrous ammonia is a corrosive
and severely irritating gas with a pungent odor;
it is irritating to the skin, eyes, nose, throat, and
upper respiratory system.
42
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
** ** J5" "SI el "
Numberฎ Chemical lit ^ ^ U ^ ซ Z O ||5 a cซ ';*>
^$-1
x s ;,<''
"<,; /
$,'ฃ s
ซ&*
f'tj,
Stx-' ^
-.V4 ^
J'-L.)' //
1^
/ :::C:?'
^
???i
Sk
/ >K^
(Jaj-^V, X
&ฃ S
4^*^?' ^
/ฎ
/3)
/ฎ
/
/
/
/
^
Box 1-3. Potential Adverse Human Health and Environmental Effects of the Top 25 TRI Chemicals for Total
Releases, 1993.ฎ
Compound categories do not have CAS numbers ().
Distinctions among cancer classifications are discussed in the OSHA carcinogen section of this chapter.
Toxicity resulting from the metabolite or degradation product of the parent compound.
Concentrated solutions are corrosive.
Aerosol forms.
Contributes to ozone formation in the lower atmosphere; however, the extent of contribution to smog formation is
unknown.
Nitrate ion.
Chromium VI is carcinogenic.
Sources: Integrated Risk Management System, Hazardous Substances Data Bank, OPPTs Background Documents for
Chemical Fact Sheets, EPCRA Section 313 Responses to Petitions, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry's
lexicological Profiles, and Environmental Health Perspective. Vol. 37. 1984.
43
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-24. Top 50 TRI Chemicals with the Largest Air/Water/Land Releases, 1993.
CAS
Numberฎ Chemical
7664-38-2 Phosphoric acid
7664-41-7 Ammonia
67-56-1 Methanol
108-88-3 Toluene
67-64-1 Acetone
1330-20-7 Xylene (mixed isomers)
75-15-0 Carbon disulfide
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
7647-01-0 Hydrochloric acid
7782-50-5 Chlorine
Zinc compounds
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
7664-93-9 Sulfuric acid
Manganese compounds
Copper compounds
Glycol ethers
74-85-1 Ethylene
100-42-5 Styrene
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
71-36-3 n-Butyl alcohol
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
Chromium compounds
115-07-1 Propylene
6484-52-2 Ammonium nitrate (solution)
67-66-3 Chloroform
463-58-1 Carbonyl sulfide
107-21-1 Ethylene glycol
50-00-0 Formaldehyde
7440-66-6 Zinc (fume or dust)
Lead compounds
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
71-43-2 Benzene
100-41-4 Ethylbenzene
110-82-7 Cyclohexane
76-13-1 Freon 113
7664-39-3 Hydrogen fluoride
7439-96-5 Manganese
75-71-8 Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12)
108-95-2 Phenol
95-63-6 1.2,4-Trimethylbenzene
75-07-0 Acetaidehyde
7783-20-2 Ammonium sulfate (solution)
75-69-4 Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11)
74-87-3 Chloromethane
106-42-3 p-Xylene
108-05-4 Vinyl acetate
7439-92-1 Lead
1634-04-4 Methyl tert-butyl ether
7697-37-2 Nitric acid
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
490,193
35,439,303
29,407,465
60,860,617
69,220,768
25,653,790
3,333,231
29,044,598
4,310,382
1,284,028
1,501,719
24,478,364
32,866,736
1,866,251
778,095
4,000,737
10,120,540
14,775,632
12,559,401
14,488,988.
6,792,330
7,777,025
118,238
13,141,400
178,946
4,488,694
8,998
2,466,226
2,049,988
830,106
216,860
4,422,676
6,712,433
3,088,395
4,603,824
6,871,554
3,076,706
362,608
4,845,914
1,929,310
2,345,237
1,692,021
12,029
2,645.752
1,217.748
1,268,116
1,188,547
236,287
938,717
802,420
462,809,943
490,040,607
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
745,085
102,617,862
142,885,516
116,441,054
55,931,694
85,535,823
89,974,108
55,770,325
74,763,273
74,126,080
2,814,644
39,834,847
31,199,295
22,763,591
1,436,529
3,200,332
35,171,877
18,530,394
20,011,190
15,625,125
22,002,423
17,317,092
285,978
5,763,375
1,099,038
9,319,998
12,780,099
7,670,401
9,321,033
850,500
814,284
6,519,343
4,086,692
7,226,146
5,494,004
2,953,806
4,645,613
496,504
2,521,594
4,804,052
4,276,394
4,815,116
82,386
3.481,936
4,095,061
3,170,089
3,012,385
459,607
2,910,737
2,252,954
1,143,907,284
1,182,087,128
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
175,861,627
35,938,643
10,011,681
133,248
990,315
51,944
34,169
197,216
719,541
675,121
1,046,444
62,909
10,912
27,542,946
565,650
92,540
353,153
24,779
28,274
5,218
57,472
90,214
228.475
175,120
7,386,387
451,362
0
1,170,533
418,503
66,802
50,518
10,152
18,793
15,347
26,842
4,271
10,340
243,336
14,186
126,951
17,549
35,127
3,872,980
1,546
59,565
749
1,341
24,575
92,315
180,513
269,198,194
271,152,864
Releases
to Land
Pounds
35,491,946
10,144,184
1,719,866
234,148
472,427
203,182
8
134,162
359,506
49,012
67,413,392
78,267
42,743
1,552,743
47,671,055
40,082,409
137,656
0
177,580
8,212
17,057
76,771
22,675,748
0
6,457,512
32,926
0
1,283,019
418,220
10,449,577
10,950,924
618,026
27,515
27,110
10,218
1,237
28,805
6,650,151
100
200,076
16,771
951
2,184,322
1,000
266
631
1,626
3,336,155
409
421,294
271,860,915
289,052,581
Total Air/
Water/Land
Releases
Pounds
212,588,851
184,139,992
184,024,528
177,669,067
126,615,204
111,444,739
93,341,516
85,146,301
80,152,702
76,134,241
72,776,199
64,454,387
64,119,686
53,725,531
50,451,329
47,376,018
45,783,226
33,330,805
32,776,445
30,127,543
28,869,282
25,261,102
23,308,439
19,079,895
15,121,883
14,292,980
12,789,097
12,590,179
12,207,744
12,196,985
12,032,586
11,570,197
10,845,433
10,356,998
10,134,888
9,830,868
7,761,464
7,752,599
7,381,794
7,060,389
6,655,951
6,543,215
6,151,717
6,130,234
5,372,640
4,439,585
4,203,899
4,056,624
3,942,178
3,657,181
2,147,776,336
2,232,333,180
Compound categories do not have CAS numbers ().
44
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-25. Top 50 TRI Chemicals with the Largest Total Releases, 1993.
CAS
Numberฎ
7664-41-7
7647-01-0
7664-38-2
67-56-1
108-88-3
7664-93-9
67-64-1
1330-20-7
75-15-0
78-93-3
7782-50-5
75-09-2
71-55-6
6484-52-2
74-85-1
100-42-5
71-36-3
79-01-6
108-10-1
7697-37-2
115-07-1
107-21-1
50-00-0
75-05-8
67-66-3
463-58-1
7783-20-2
7440-66-6
127-18-4
71-43-2
100-41-4
1 10-82-7
108-95-2
76-13-1
75-07-0
7664-39-3
7439-96-5
75-71-8
95-63-6
75-69-4
108-05-4
74-87-3
107-13-1
106-42-3
Chemical
Ammonia
Hydrochloric acid
Phosphoric acid
Methanol
Toluene
Sulfuric acid
Acetone
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Carbon disulfide
Methyl ethyl ketone
Chlorine
Zinc compounds
Dichloro methane
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Manganese compounds
Ammonium nitrate (solution)
Copper compounds
Glycol ethers
Ethylene
Styrene
n-Butyl alcohol
Trichloroethylene
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Chromium compounds
Nitric acid
Propylene
Ethylene glycol
Formaldehyde
Acetonitrile
Chloroform
Carbonyl sulfide
Ammonium sulfate (solution)
Zinc (fume or dust)
Lead compounds
Tetrachloroethylene
Benzene
Ethylbenzene
Cyclohexane
Phenol
Freon 113
Acetaldehyde
Hydrogen fluoride
Manganese
Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12)
1 ,2,4-Tnmethylbenzene
Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11)
Vinyl acetate
Chloromethane
Acrylonitrile
p-Xylene
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
35,439,303
4,310,382
490,193
29,407,465
60,860,617
1,866,251
69,220,768
25,653,790
3,333,231
29,044,598
1,284,028
1,501,719
24,478,364
32,866,736
778,095
178,946
4,000,737
10,120,540
14,775,632
12,559,401
6,792,330
14,488,988
7,777,025
118,238
802,420
13,141,400
2,466,226
2,049,988
723,924
4,488,694
8,998
12,029
830,106
216,860
4,422,676
6,712,433
3,088,395
4,603,824
1,929,310
6,871,554
1,692,021
3,076,706
362,608
4,845,914
2,345,237
2,645,752
1,188,547
1,217,748
344,718
1,268,116
462,703,581 1
490,040,607 1
SUck or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
102,617,862
74,763,273
745,085
142,885,516
116,441,054
22,763,591
55,931,694
85,535,823
89,974,108
55,770,325
74,126,080
2,814,644
39,834,847
31,199,295
1,436,529
1,099,038
3,200,332
35,171,877
18,530,394
20,011,190
22,002,423
15,625,125
17,317,092
285,978
2,252,954
5,763,375
7,670,401
9,321,033
336,272
9,319,998
12,780,099
82,386
850,500
814,284
6,519,343
4,086,692
7,226,146
5,494,004
4,804,052
2,953,806
4,815,116
4,645,613
496,504
2,521,594
4,276,394
3,481,936
3,012,385
4,095,061
1,048,900
3,170,089
,141,922,112
,182,087,128
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
35,938,643
719,541
175,861,627
10.011,681
133,248
27,542,946
990,315
51,944
34,169
197,216
675,121
1,046,444
62,909
10,912
565,650
7,386,387
92,540
353,153
24,779
28,274
57,472
5,218
90,214
228,475
180,513
175,120
1,170,533
418,503
15,283
451,362
0
3,872,980
66,802
50,518
10,152
18,793
15,347
26,842
126,951
4,271
35,127
10,340
243,336
14,186
17,549
1,546
1,341
59,565
3,078
749
269,099,665
271,152,864
Underground Releases
Injection to Land
Pounds Pounds
168,725,501
145,097,099
33,784
27,899,963
967,496
105,872,094
3,250,160
213,157
2,805
360,927
120,758
176,143
956,098
2,528
8,740
35,211,208
228,924
114,415
0
132,607
1,942,044
460
131,600
42,493
19,213,898
0
5,943,528
5,912,425
15,707,895
38,039
0
6,189,894
0
1,768
15,041
363,660
333,957
260,344
3,070,279
4
2,623,334
3,520
504
1
1,293
11
1,408,698
93,947
3,823,381
5
556,496,430
576,285,233
10,144,184
359,506
35,491,946
1,719,866
234,148
1,552,743
472,427
203,182
8
134,162
49,012
67,413,392
78,267
42,743
47,671,055
6,457,512
40,082,409
137,656
0
177,580
17,057
8,212
76,771
22,675,748
421,294
0
1,283,019
418,220
18
32,926
0
2,184,322
10,449,577
10,950,924
618,026
27,515
27,110
10,218
200,076
1,237
951
28,805
6,650,151
100
16,771
1,000
1,626
266
6,934
631
268,531,303
289,052,581
Total
Releases
Pounds
352,865,493
225,249,801
212,622,635
211,924,491
178,636,563
159,597,625
129,865,364
111,657,896
93,344,321
85,507,228
76,254,999
72,952,342
65,410,485
64,122,214
50,460,069
50,333,091
47,604,942
45,897,641
33,330,805
32,909,052
30,811,326
30,128,003
25,392,702
23,350,932
22,871,079
19,079,895
18,533,707
18,120,169
16,783,392
14,331,019
12,789,097
12,341,611
12,196,985
12,034,354
11,585,238
11,209,093
10,690,955
10,395,232
10,130,668
9,830,872
9,166,549
7,764,984
7,753,103
7,381,795
6,657,244
6,130,245
5,612,597
5,466,587
5,227,011
4,439,590
2,698,753,091
2,808,618,413
Compound categories do not have CAS numbers ().
45
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-26. Top 15 TRI Chemicals with the Largest Emissions to Air, 1993.
CAS
Numberฎ
108-88-3
67-56-1
7664-41-7
67-64-1
1330-20-7
75-15-0
78-93-3
7647-01-0
7782-50-5
75-09-2
71-55-6
74-85-1
100-42-5
79-01-6
Chemical
Toluene
Methanol
Ammonia
Acetone
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Carbon disulfide
Methyl ethyl ketone
Hydrochloric acid
Chlorine
Dichl oromethane
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Glycol ethers
Ethylene
Styrene
Trichloroethylene
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
60,860,617
29,407,465
35,439,303
69,220,768
25,653,790
3,333,231
29,044,598
4,310,382
1,284,028
24,478,364
32,866,736
10,120,540
14,775,632
12,559,401
14,488,988
367,843,843
490,040,607
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
116,441.054
142,885,516
102,617,862
55,931,694
85,535,823
89,974,108
55.770,325
74,763,273
74,126,080
39,834,847
31,199,295
35,171,877
18,530,394
20,011,190
15,625,125
958,418,463
1,182,087,128
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
177,301,671
172,292,981
138,057,165
125,152,462
111,189,613
93,307,339
84,814,923
79,073,655
75,410,108
64,313.211
64,066,031
45,292,417
33,306,026
32,570,591
30,114,113
1,326,262,306
1,672,127,735
Table 1-27. Top 15 TRI Chemicals with the Largest Discharges to Surface Water, 1993.
CAS
Numberฎ
7664-38-2
7664-41-7
7664-93-9
67-56-1
6484-52-2
7783-20-2
107-21-1
67-64-1
7647-01-0
7782-50-5
123-91-1
67-66-3
50-00-0
Chemical
Phosphoric acid
Ammonia
Sulfuric acid
Methanol
Ammonium nitrate (solution)
Ammonium sulfate (solution)
Ethylene glycol
Zinc compounds
Acetone
Hydrochloric acid
Chlorine
Manganese compounds
1 ,4-Dioxane
Chloroform
Formaldehyde
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Amount Not
in Stormwater
Pounds
20,528,720
35,752,994
9,984,591
10,006,385
6,083,778
3,871,938
1,142,841
966,161
988,285
719,329
674,741
552,976
477,896
450,470
411,286
92,612,391
96,475,769
Amount in
Stormwater
Pounds
155,332,907
185,649
17,558,355
5,296
1,302,609
1,042
27,692
80,283
2,030
212
380
12,674
0
892
7,217
174,517,238
174,677,095
Total
Surface Water
Discharges
Pounds
175,861,627
35,938,643
27,542,946
10,011,681
7,386,387
3,872,980
1,170,533
1,046,444
990,315
719,541
675,121
565,650
477,896
451,362
418,503
267,129,629
271,152,864
Compound categories do not have CAS numbers ().
46
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-28. Top 15 TRI Chemicals with the Largest Underground Injection, 1993.
CAS
Number
7664-4 1 -7
7647-01-0
7664-93-9
6484-52-2
67-56-1
7697-37-2
75-05-8
7783-20-2
107-21-1
50-00-0
79-06-1
107-13-1
79-10-7
67-64-1
108-95-2
Chemical
Ammonia
Hydrochloric acid
Sulfuric acid
Ammonium nitrate (solution)
Methanol
Nitric acid
Acetonitrile
Ammonium sulfate (solution)
Ethylene glycol
Formaldehyde
Acrylamide
Acrylonitrile
Acrylic acid
Acetone
Phenol
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Underground
Injection
Pounds
168,725,501
145,097,099
105,872,094
35,211,208
27,899,963
19,213,898
15,707,895
6,189,894
5,943,528
5,912,425
4,010,509
3,823,381
3,507,000
3,250,160
3,070,279
553,434,834
576,285,233
Table 1-29. Top 15 TRI Chemicals with the Largest Releases to Land, 1993.
CAS
Numberฎ
7664-38-2
7440-66-6
7664-41-7
7439-96-5
6484-52-2
7439-92-1
7783-20-2
Chemical
Zinc compounds
Manganese compounds
Copper compounds
Phosphoric acid
Chromium compounds
Lead compounds
Zinc (fume or dust)
Ammonia
Manganese
Ammonium nitrate (solution)
Lead
Nickel compounds
Barium compounds
Arsenic compounds
Ammonium sulfate (solution)
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Releases to
On-site
Landfills
Pounds
22,439,739
30,358,359
12,058,309
7,057,775
2,460,491
3,124,561
6,244,627
517,825
5,680,497
16,235
420,452
356,540
1,825,227
59,135
0
92,619,772
100,270,412
Releases to
On-site
Land
Treatment
Pounds
184,748
140,037
417,762
256,575
131,807
8,577
100
5,992,061
505
644,514
5,032
25,131
10,171
53
1,895,569
9,712,642
10,670,885
Releases to
On-site
Surface
Impoundments
Pounds
5,078,274
13,948,488
5,097,728
11,507,345
19,983,038
1,745,156
98,913
3,500,287
203,617
5,507,077
557,555
819,961
299,231
1,600,509
288,253
70,235,432
73,703.245
Other
On-site
Land
Disposal
Pounds
39,710,631
3,224,171
22,508,610
16,670,251
100,412
6,072,630
4,105,937
134,011
765,532
289,686
2,353,116
1,663,069
475,933
590,897
500
98,665,386
104,408,039
Total
Releases
to Land
Pounds
67,413,392
47,671,055
40,082,409
35,491,946
22,675,748
10,950,924
10,449,577
10,144,184
6,650,151
6,457,512
3,336,155
2,864,701
2,610,562
2,250,594
2,184,322
271,233,232
289,052,581
Compound categories do not have CAS numbers ().
47
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-30. Top 15 TRI Chemicals with the Largest Off-site Transfers for Recycling, 1993.
CAS
Numberฎ
7664-93-9
7440-50-8
107-21-1
7440-47-3
7440-66-6
7439-96-5
7429-90-5
7647-01-0
7440-02-0
7439-92-1
Chemical
Sulfuric acid
Copper
Lead compounds
Zinc compounds
Copper compounds
Ethylene glycol
Chromium
Zinc (fume or dust)
Manganese
Aluminum (fume or dust)
Hydrochloric acid
Nickel
Manganese compounds
Chromium compounds
Lead
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Solvents/
Organics
Recovery
Pounds
28,074,481
3,974
1,794
48,686
219
79,737,799
52,973
0
9,157
0
15,370
5,857
102
4,877
7,366
107,962,655
341,628,249
Metals
Recovery
Pounds
35,372,368
372,516,164
245,876,086
179,435,128
94,974,695
0
56,041,607
73,826,381
34,436,310
17,892,883
810,847
39,546,178
25,107,099
27,157,394
35,169,355
1,238,162,495
1,286,764,008
Other Reuse
or Recovery
Pounds
111,780,335
9,548,712
3,128,588
42,359,463
5,433,931
30,764,746
2,609,436
736,619
24,937,424
49,565,532
41,730,253
2,710,225
15,207,114
11,150,631
1,638,895
353,301,904
401,905,126
Acid
Regeneration
Pounds
1,004,131,149
4,283
5
1,355
26,300
0
5
0
5
0
11,544,401
5
0
3,005
0
1,015,710,513
1,017,894,553
Transfer to
Waste Broker-
Recycling
Pounds
3,264,889
82,008,068
1,950,795
4,765,834
20,073,121
1,261,608
23,504,393
1,353,019
10,410,104
1,107,577
6,055,099
16,010,141
4,346,322
3,550,897
3,281,110
182,942,977
203,974,986
Total Off-site
Transfers to
Recycling
Pounds
1,182,623,222
464,081,201
250,957,268
226,610,466
120,508,266
111,764,153
82,208,414
75,916,019
69,793,000
68,565,992
60,155,970
58,272,406
44,660,637
41,866,804
40,096,726
2,898,080,544
3,252,166,922
Table 1-31. Top 15 TRI Chemicals with the Largest Off-site Transfers for Energy Recovery, 1993.
CAS
Numberฎ
108-88-3
1330-20-7
67-56-1
67-64-1
78-93-3
75-65-0
108-10-1
74-85-1
100-41-4
71-36-3
107-21-1
7647-01-0
108-05-4
79-10-7
Chemical
Toluene
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Methanol
Acetone
Methyl ethyl ketone
tert-Butyl alcohol
Glycol ethers
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Ethylene
Ethylbenzene
n-Butyl alcohol
Ethylene glycol
Hydrochloric acid
Vinyl acetate
Acrylic acid
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Energy
Recovery
Pounds
55,608,702
50,700,578
43,145,512
39,992,971
34,125,159
30,586,012
10,050,603
7,300,414
11,316,769
6,842,679
7,103,733
6,775,742
3,463
6,816,610
7,743,968
318,112,915
364,804,039
Transfers to
Waste Broker-
Energy Recovery
Pounds
25,148,013
19,797,059
14,221,664
11,437,275
11,573,212
198,501
3,724,586
4,869,002
392,031
2,410,957
2,062,091
1,993,811
8,503,850
1,646,403
178,237
108,156,692
122,575,998
Total
Transfers to
Energy Recovery
Pounds
80,756,715
70,497,637
57,367,176
51,430,246
45,698,371
30,784,513
13,775,189
12,169,416
11,708,800
9,253,636
9,165,824
8,769,553
8,507,313
8,463,013
7,922,205
426,269,607
487,380,037
Compound categories do not have CAS numbers ().
48
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-32. Top 15 TRI Chemicals with the Largest Off-site Transfers for Treatment, 1993.
CAS
Numberฎ
7647-01-0
67-56-1
7664-93-9
108-88-3
67-64-1
7697-37-2
75-09-2
107-21-1
1330-20-7
7664-41-7
78-93-3
7783-20-2
75-05-8
Chemical
Hydrochloric acid
Methanol
Sulfuric acid
Toluene
Chromium compounds
Acetone
Nitric acid
Zinc compounds
Dichloromethane
Ethylene glycol
Xylene
(mixed isomers)
Ammonia
Methyl ethyl ketone
Ammonium sulfate
(solution)
Acetonitrile
Subtotal
Total for All
TRI Chemicals
Solidification/
Stabilization
Pounds
1,626,537
8,580
4,139,681
82,198
15,470,181
176,600
607,624
7,590,342
4,918
428,793
179,999
24,334
14,732
0
0
30,354,519
41,316,005
Incineration/
Thermal
Treatment
Pounds
122,131
22,266,583
2,318,851
20,514,584
235,375
9,641,697
23,908
246,641
3,891,420
3,653,182
5,335,479
334,897
4,763,457
92,524
4,240,758
77,681,487
127,513,710
Incineration/
Insignificant
Fuel Value
Pounds
29,461
2,410,475
29,987
816,054
292,514
705.962
20,174
748,654
3,721,365
323,137
631,828
50,747
237,782
0
38,601
10,056,741
19,932,675
Wastewater
Treatment
excluding
POTW
Pounds
9,549,108
10,185,644
18,813,873
363,326
116,102
856,019
4,861,292
595,724
175,627
4,295,856
219,921
5,583,719
129,399
4,738,653
168,100
60,652,363
69,794,155
Other
Waste
Treatment
Pounds
17,585,233
808,703
8,519,664
210,558
399,096
230,097
5,084,872
1,504,467
150,287
305,471
295,526
438,107
155,479
0
250
35,687,810
42,933,583
Transfers to
Waste Broker-
Waste
Treatment
Pounds
18,063,307
1,413,755
560,041
181.046
45,725
195,193
646,411
330,848
1,823,390
110,862
341,386
20,392
190,749
245,230
39,338
24,207,673
26,584,046
Total
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
46,975,777
37,093,740
34,382,097
22,167,766
16,558,993
11,805,568
11,244,281
11,016,676
9,767,007
9,117,301
7,004,139
6,452,196
5,491,598
5,076,407
4,487,047
238,640,593
328,074,174
Table 1-33. Top 15 TRI Chemicals with the Largest Off-site Transfers to Publicly Owned Treatment Works
(POTWs), 1993.
CAS
Numberฎ
67-56-1
7664-41-7
7783-20-2
7647-01-0
7664-93-9
107-21-1
67-64-1
6484-52-2
7664-38-2
108-95-2
50-00-0
7697-37-2
71-36-3
62-53-3
Chemical
Methanol
Ammonia
Ammonium sulfate (solution)
Hydrochloric acid
Sulfuric acid
Ethylene glycol
Glycol ethers
Acetone
Ammonium nitrate (solution)
Phosphoric acid
Phenol
Formaldehyde
Nitric acid
n-Butyl alcohol
Aniline
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
94,712,739
72,597,087
31,195,284
19,913,557
19,188,364
15,071,067
12,188,571
8,298,215
4,767,098
4,265,830
3,817,033
3,464,896
2,228,420
1,519,267
1,483,800
294,711,228
314,350,915
Compound categories do not have CAS numbers ().
49
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-34. Top 15 TRI Chemicals with the Largest Off-site Transfers for Disposal, 1993.
CAS
Numberฎ
7664-93-9
7647-01-0
7664-41-7
7439-96-5
7429-90-5
7440-47-3
7440-50-8
1332-21-4
Chemical
Zinc compounds
Sulfuric acid
Lead compounds
Manganese compounds
Hydrochloric acid
Ammonia
Copper compounds
Manganese
Chromium compounds
Barium compounds
Aluminum (fume or dust)
Chromium
Copper
Asbestos (friable)
Nickel compounds
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Storage
Only
Pounds
120,885
325,461
9,026
47
5,058
881
24,154
1,500
165,258
41,085
1,230
8,294
18,576
0
28,036
749,491
1,440,004
Underground
Injection
Pounds
1,143,118
36,180,149
5,701
37,359
13,185,810
1,605,291
22,109
20,521
228,707
755
0
157,859
22,465
0
44,150
52,653,994
63,121,430
Landfill/
Surface
Impoundment
Pounds
82,685,516
1,244,167
19,035,126
19,424.072
112,606
1,305,251
11,722,354
9,623,077
9,572,394
10,053,778
3,426,940
6,161,495
5,188,770
5,293,568
4,648,404
189,497,518
226,680,492
Land
Treatment
Pounds
11,138
19,697
107,440
33.764
0
10,045,153
650
16,454
4,267
6,138
0
25,820
3,926
0
14,007
10,288,454
15,076,806
Aqueous ammonia is moderately toxic to
aquatic organisms.
Because it is a source of nitrogen, an essential
element for aquatic plant growth, ammonia may
contribute to eutrophication of standing or slow-
moving surface water, particularly in nitrogen-
limited waters, such as the Chesapeake Bay.
Environmental Fate. Ammonia combines with
sulfate ions in the atmosphere and is washed out
by rainfall, resulting in rapid return of ammonia
to the soil and surface waters.
Ammonia is a central compound in the environ-
mental cycling of nitrogen. Ammonia in lakes,
rivers, and streams is converted to nitrate.
Hydrochloric Acid
Uses. Hydrochloric acid has various uses,
including neutralization of waste streams/pH
adjustment of process waters, in the manufac-
ture of chemicals, and in the cleaning and
preparation of metals for coatings.
Toxicity. Concentrated hydrochloric acid is
corrosive. However, hydrochloric acid is
primarily a concern in its aerosol form. Acid
aerosols have been implicated in causing and
exacerbating a variety of respiratory ailments.
Accidental releases of solution forms of hydro-
chloric acid may adversely affect aquatic life by
inducing a transient lowering of the pH (i.e.,
increasing the acidity) of a surface water.
(J) Compound categories do not have CAS numbers ().
50
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-34.
Chemical
Zinc compounds
Sulfuric acid
Lead compounds
Manganese compounds
Hydrochloric acid
Ammonia
Copper compounds
Manganese
Chromium compounds
Barium compounds
Aluminum (fume or dust)
Chromium
Copper
Asbestos (friable)
Nickel compounds
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Other
Land
Disposal
Pounds
1,821,493
86,140
502,885
10,402
9,123
16,363
65,413
1,476,721
277,705
153,892
25,196
230,003
146,615
0
40,866
4,862,817
6,007,608
Other
Off-site
Management
Pounds
216,627
34,479
69,807
750
5,386
35
1,016
35,597
1,492
48,756
0
41,658
86,690
0
1,334
543,627
1,009,785
Transfers to
Waste Broker-
Disposal
Pounds
1,697,672
675,002
163,835
286,611
244,118
3,772
79,519
42,311
92,278
249,966
3,437,070
164,322
648,348
750
17,597
7,803,171
9,858,014
Unknown
Pounds
337,136
436,308
365,405
13,028
13,350
1,010
26,103
1,326
296,387
15,336
251
13,124
11,766
0
23,856
1,554,386
2,057,303
Total
Transfers
for
Disposal
Pounds
88,033,585
39,001,403
20,259,225
19,806,033
13,575,451
12,977,756
11,941,318
11,217,507
10,638,488
10,569,706
6,890,687
6,802,575
6,127,156
5,294,318
4,818,250
267,953,458
325,251,442
Environmental Fate. Releases of hydrochloric
acid to surface waters and soils will be
neutralized to an extent due to the buffering
capacities of both systems. The extent of these
reactions will depend on the characteristics of
the specific environment.
Phosphoric Acid
Uses. Phosphoric acid is a phosphate chemical
used to make phosphate fertilizers and agricul-
tural chemicals; it is used in foods, e.g., soft
drinks; it is used as a catalyst and in the treat-
ment of metal surfaces.
Toxicity. Because it is a source of phosphorus,
an essential element for aquatic plant growth,
phosphoric acid may contribute to eutrophi-
cation of standing or slow-moving surface
water, particularly in phosphorus-limited waters
such as the Great Lakes.
Environmental Fate. The acidity of phos-
phoric acid may be reduced readily by natural
water-hardness minerals. The phosphate will
persist until used by plants as a nutrient.
Methanol
Uses. Methanol is used as a solvent, as a raw
material in the synthesis of organic chemicals,
as a fuel, as a de-icing agent, and to denature
ethanol.
Toxicity. Methanol is a flammable liquid that is
likely to evaporate when exposed to air.
Methanol, which is readily absorbed from the
gastrointestinal tract and the respiratory tract, is
toxic to humans in moderate to high doses. In
the body methanol is converted into formalde-
hyde and formic acid. Methanol is excreted as
formic acid. Observed toxic effects at high dose
levels generally include central nervous system
51
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
damage and blindness. EPA has assessed
methanol for potential non-cancer, long-term
effects when exposure occurs by inhalation and
concluded that methanol affects the liver and
blood in animals at relatively high doses.
Methanol is expected to have low toxicity to
aquatic organisms. Concentrations lethal to half
the organisms of a test population are expected
to exceed 1 milligram methanol per liter of
water. Methanol is not likely to persist in water
or to bioaccumulate in aquatic life.
Environmental Fate. Methanol reacts in air to
produce formaldehyde which contributes to
formation of air pollutants. In the atmosphere it
can react with other atmospheric chemicals or
be washed out by rain. Methanol is readily
degraded by microorganisms in soils and
surface waters.
Toluene
Uses. Toluene is a flammable liquid used in the
manufacture of organic chemicals, such as
benzoic acid and benzaldehyde, as a solvent for
paint, gums, and resins, and as an additive for
gasoline.
Toxicity. Inhalation or ingestion of toluene can
cause headaches, confusion, weakness, and
memory loss. Toluene may also affect the way
the kidneys and liver function.
Some studies have shown that unborn animals
were harmed when high levels of toluene were
inhaled by their mothers, although the same
effects were not seen when the mothers were fed
large quantities of toluene.
Reactions of toluene (see environmental fate) in
the atmosphere contribute to the formation of
ozone in the lower atmosphere. Ozone can
affect the respiratory system, especially in
sensitive individuals such as asthma or allergy
sufferers.
Environmental Fate. Toluene is a volatile
organic chemical. As such, toluene in the lower
atmosphere will react with other atmospheric
components contributing to the formation of
ozone in the lower atmosphere and other air
pollutants.
The majority of releases of toluene to land and
water will evaporate. Toluene may also be
degraded by microorganisms.
Sulfuric Acid
Uses. Sulfuric acid is used as a catalyst, in the
manufacture of fertilizers and other chemicals,
in iron and steel pickling, in electroplating, and
in the production of rayon and film.
Toxicity. Concentrated sulfuric acid is
corrosive. In its aerosol form, sulfuric acid has
been implicated in causing and exacerbating a
variety of respiratory ailments.
Accidental releases of solution forms of sulfuric
acid may adversely affect aquatic life by
inducing a transient lowering of the pH (i.e.,
increasing the acidity) of a surface water.
Sulfuric acid in its aerosol form is also a
component of acid rain. Acid rain can cause
serious damage to crops and forests.
Environmental Fate. Releases of sulfuric acid
to surface waters and soils will be neutralized to
an extent due to the buffering capacities of both
systems. The extent of these reactions will
depend on the characteristics of the specific
environment.
In the atmosphere, aerosol forms of sulfuric acid
contribute to acid rain. These aerosol forms can
travel large distances from the point of release
before the acid is deposited on land and surface
waters in the form of rain.
52
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Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Acetone
Uses. Acetone has many uses, including as a
solvent in the manufacture of organic chemicals
and as a solvent in adhesives and printing inks.
Acetone is an ingredient in paint, varnish, and
nail polish removers.
Toxicity. Acetone is irritating to the eyes, nose,
and throat. Symptoms of exposures to large
quantities of acetone may include headache,
unsteadiness, confusion, lassitude, drowsiness,
vomiting, and respiratory depression.
Reactions of acetone (see environmental fate) in
the atmosphere contribute to the formation of
ozone in the lower atmosphere. Ozone can
affect the respiratory system, especially in
sensitive individuals such as asthma or allergy
sufferers.
Environmental Fate. If released into water,
acetone will be degraded by microorganisms or
will evaporate into the atmosphere. Degradation
by microorganisms will be the primary removal
mechanism.
Acetone is a volatile and flammable organic
chemical. As such, acetone in the lower
atmosphere will react with other atmospheric
components, contributing to the formation of
ozone in the lower atmosphere and other air
pollutants. EPA is reevaluating acetone's
reactivity in the lower atmosphere to determine
whether this contribution is negligible.
Xylenes
Uses. Xylenes are used in the manufacture of
organic chemicals as a raw material and as a
solvent. They are also used as a solvent for
paints, coatings, adhesives, and rubbers.
Toxicity. Xylenes are rapidly absorbed into the
body after inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact.
Short-term exposure of humans to high levels of
xylenes can cause irritation of the skin, eyes,
nose, and throat, difficulty in breathing,
impaired lung function, impaired memory, and
possible changes in the liver and kidneys. Both
short- and long-term exposure to high concen-
trations can cause effects such as headaches,
dizziness, confusion, and lack of muscle coordi-
nation. Reactions of xylenes (see environmental
fate) in the atmosphere contribute to the forma-
tion of ozone in the lower atmosphere. Ozone
can affect the respiratory system, especially in
sensitive individuals such as asthma or allergy
sufferers.
Environmental Fate. The majority of releases
to land and water will quickly evaporate,
although some degradation by microorganisms
will occur.
Xylenes are moderately mobile in soils and may
leach into groundwater, where they may persist
for several years.
Xylenes are volatile organic chemicals. As
such, xylenes in the lower atmosphere will react
with other atmospheric components, contribut-
ing to the formation of ozone in the lower
atmosphere and other air pollutants.
Carbon Disulfide
Uses. Carbon disulfide is used in the manu-
facture of rayon, in the manufacture of organic
chemicals such as carbon tetrachloride, as a
fumigant, as a corrosion inhibitor, and in metal
treating and plating.
Toxicity. Breathing large amounts of carbon
disulfide can irritate the eyes, throat, and
respiratory system and cause tremors, convul-
sions, and coma. Exposure to low levels may
increase blood pressure and can cause coronary
heart disease. Studies indicate that carbon
disulfide can adversely affect the developing
fetus.
53
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Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Environmental Fate. Carbon disulfide is a
volatile liquid. The majority of releases to land
and water will evaporate into the atmosphere.
Releases to land may leach into the ground,
where the carbon disulfide may be degraded by
microorganisms. In the atmosphere, carbon
disulfide will react with oxygen and other
atmospheric chemicals to form atmospheric
pollutants.
Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Uses. Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) is used as a
solvent in protective coatings, adhesives, print-
ing inks, and paint removers, in the production
of magnetic tapes, and for dewaxing lubricating
oils. It is also used as a chemical intermediate
in numerous chemical reactions.
Toxicity. Breathing moderate amounts of MEK
for short periods of time can cause adverse
effects on the nervous system ranging from
headaches, dizziness, nausea, and numbness in
the fingers and toes to unconsciousness. Its
vapors are irritating to the skin, eyes, nose, and
throat and can damage the eyes. Repeated
exposure to moderate to high amounts may
cause liver and kidney effects.
Environmental Fate. MEK is a flammable
liquid. Most of the MEK released to the
environment will end up in air. MEK can
contribute to the formation of air pollutants in
the lower atmosphere. It can be degraded by
microorganisms living in water and soil.
Chlorine
Uses. Chlorine is primarily used in the
manufacture of ethylene dichloride, which is
used to make polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resins.
It is also used to bleach paper and make
chlorinated solvents and chlorofluorocarbons
(CFCs); these uses are declining due to the
environmental concern of these substances.
Other uses of chlorine include use as a
disinfectant for drinking water and swimming
pools and as a laundry bleach.
Toxicity. Chlorine is a highly reactive gas.
Breathing small amounts of chlorine for short
periods of time can affect the respiratory tract in
humans, causing symptoms such as coughing
and chest pain. It is irritating to the skin, eyes,
and respiratory tract. Repeated long-term
exposure to chlorine can cause adverse effects
on the blood and respiratory system.
Environmental Fate. Most of the chlorine
released to the environment will quickly
evaporate. However, chlorine is highly toxic to
aquatic organisms and plants at low doses.
Metals and Metal Compounds
Both metals and their metal compounds are
listed on TRI. The potential adverse human
health and/or environmental effects associated
with the metals and metal compounds reportable
to TRI are listed in Box 1-4 and are indicated by
a check mark. Under EPCRA section 313,
facilities that manufacture, process, or otherwise
use metal compounds report releases and/or
transfers of only the metal portion of the metal
compound. For example, a facility that releases
a copper compound, such as copper sulfate,
would report as a release only the weight of the
copper, not the weight of the entire copper
compound. This is done to capture information
on the targeted portion of each member of the
category, so that releases and transfers of a
metal can be traced through the environment
and can be compared from facility to facility.
Metals (including the metal portion of metal
compounds) are different from other TRI chemi-
cals because they do not degrade and are not
destroyed. Other TRI-listed chemicals can be
destroyed by sunlight, heat, microorganisms, or
other chemicals. Although metals cannot be
destroyed, they may be converted to a less toxic
form. For example, many facilities convert
54
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Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
rhrmiral fi S ง J3 ซ ง* 3 ,:W 8
^nemicai ^ y U O Ptf Z (2
Antimony and antimony compounds .; /
Arsenic and arsenic compounds S
Barium and barium compounds -; ; , /
Beryllium and beryllium compounds >*,. /
Cadmium and cadmium compounds '; : /
Chromium and chromium compounds ; -;S /
f ''**>'
''^ ' \
Cobalt and cobalt compounds ,"s 5 /
'**''
Copper and copper compounds vฃ /
Lead and lead compounds :A:k /
Manganese and manganese compounds Jt' /
Mercury and mercury compounds ?|v /
Nickel and nickel compounds ฐ/4: /ฉ
Selenium and selenium compounds ^l: /
Silver and silver compounds ~ : ; : ซ/
Thallium and thallium compounds f ;? /
Zinc and zinc compounds |:f; S
;
inorganic
compoundsฉ
/
/
hexavalent
compounds
inorganic
compounds
/
/ฎ
/
7
/
/
/
7
/
/
7
/
/
/
/
/
/
<
/
7
/
7
/
7
/
/ฉ
/
/
'
/
7
/
7
/ฉ
7
/
/
:!: /
7 V
:.--
T /
/ '$:. /
7 '
/ ป /
K; /
C"l
/ I- /
/ >i>* /
;,;, /
|S- S
'/'
v^ i ^
HE
Box 1-4. Potential Adverse Human Health and Environmental Effects of Metals and Metal Compounds.
ATSDR Toxicological Profiles.
Organic compounds, however, can also cause this effect if they dissociate to give arsenic ion.
Cobalt chloride and cobalt sulfate; ATSDR Toxicological Profile, 1991.
Hazardous Substances Data Bank; Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology Database.
Primarily nickel carbonyl.
Selenium sulfide classified as B2 by EPA.
55
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-35. Releases of TRI Metals and Metal Compounds, 1993.
Chemical
Antimony and
antimony compounds
Arsenic and
arsenic compounds
Barium and
barium compounds
Beryllium and
beryllium compounds
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium
Cobalt and
cobalt compounds
Copper and
copper compounds
Lead and
lead compounds
Manganese and
manganese compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
Selenium and
selenium compounds
Silver and
silver compounds
Thallium and
thallium compounds
Zinc and
zinc compoundsฉ
Total
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
36,540
11,337
310,693
5
9,474
406,770
24,195
4,281,315
453,147
1,140,703
11,856
225,313
3,136
10,913
5
2,331,825
9,257,227
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
71,104
115,990
438,008
1,261
52,660
423,644
36,129
4,118,487
1,273,891
1,933,033
4,267
275,493
76,134
17,790
250
3,665,144
12,503,285
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
37,398
7,399
78,570
28
1,064
250,435
103,927
135,929
75,093
808,986
446
94,194
557
9,387
0
1,113,246
2,716,659
Underground
Injection
Pounds
3,707
52,000
2,491
0
977
42,762
2,375
251,851
1,768
9,244
15
133,238
2,300
310
0
176,143
679,181
Releases
to Land
Pounds
960,740
2,561,857
2,901,703
22,681
123,364
23,832,948
123,629
41,558,023
14,287,079
54,321,206
1,812
3,292,612
120,527
21,376
755
77,862,969
221,993,281
Total
Releases
Pounds
1,109,489
2,748,583
3,731,465
23,975
187,539
24,956,559
290,255
50,345,605
16,090,978
58,213,172
18,396
4,020,850
202,654
59,776
1,010
85,149,327
247,149,633
hexavalent chromium (a known carcinogen) to
the less toxic trivalent form before releasing or
transferring to off-site locations. Other metal
waste may be treated before disposal so that the
metal will be less likely to be transported
through soils. Although such treatment may
limit the availability of the metal to the
environment, it does not destroy the metal.
Comparing the release and transfer data for
metal waste in Tables 1-35 and 1-36 indicates
that the vast majority of metal waste is trans-
$ Only fume or dust forms of zinc metal are reportable.
ferred, with recycling accounting for over 85%
of transfers and over 75% of total releases and
transfers combined. Amounts of metals recap-
tured from waste by on-site recycling activities
can be found in tables presented in Chapter 2.
Several facilities reported transfers of metal
waste off-site for treatment by POTWs. Treat-
ment processes employed at POTWs may
remove the metal from a waste stream or
convert the metal into a less toxic form, but they
do not destroy the metal. For example, public
56
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Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-36. Transfers of TRI Metals and Metal Compounds, 1993.
Chemical
Antimony and
antimony compounds
Arsenic and
arsenic compounds
Barium and
barium compounds
Beryllium and
beryllium compounds
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium
Cobalt and
cobalt compounds
Copper and
copper compounds
Lead and
lead compounds
Manganese and
manganese compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
Selenium and
selenium compounds
Silver and
silver compounds
Thallium and
thallium compounds
Zinc and
zinc compoundsฎ
Total
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
5,993,099
571,608
1,595,015
152,759
2,181,549
124,075,218
8,881,755
584,589,467
291,053,994
1 14,453,637
23,639
90,127,604
257,238
2,093,887
750
302,526,485
1,528,577,704
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
35,375
33
216,358
0
1,142
31,061
517
86,326
83,202
23,935
0
13,405
0
0
0
382,969
874,323
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
282,132
745,142
2,609,949
1,422
191,713
17,416,591
108,663
3,699,617
3,920,304
3,828,069
1,751
2,655,737
13,986
10,169
0
11,678,559
47,163,804
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
98,968
1,036
347,122
0
4,944
443,461
39,586
367,261
139,125
447,608
21
219,692
472
8,385
5
624,564
2,742,250
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
2,972,015
2,863,403
10,963,799
6,978
3,180,974
17,441,063
632,013
18,068,474
22,401,665
31,023,540
72,955
7,177,354
43,191
16,141
0
90,254,609
207,118,174
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
254
250
250
0
0
89,217
23,014
298,134
1,049
593,809
0
37,268
5
0
0
32,166
1,075,416
Total
Transfers
Pounds
9,381,843
4,181,472
15,732,493
161,159
5,560,322
159,496,611
9,685,548
607,109,279
317,599,339
150,370,598
98,366
100,231,060
314,892
2,128,582
755
405,499,352
1,787,551,671
sewage treatment plants will remove some
fraction of the metals during treatment of the
waste stream when removing solid materials.
The amounts removed are then generally sent to
a landfill for disposal. The metal waste that is
not removed remains in the wastewater and will
pass through the treatment plant and into the
aquatic environment.
Table 1-37 presents releases of metals and metal
compounds to air, water, and land by state.
ฉ Transfers reported without valid waste management codes.
ฉ Only fume or dust forms of zinc metal are reportable.
These data are illustrated by Figure 1-10. Table
1-38 presents releases of metals and metal
compounds to air, water, and land by industry.
The top five industries based on releases of
metals and metal compounds on-site are primary
metals (33), chemicals (28), multiple codes, no
codes, and paper (26). As one might expect,
primary metals account for the majority of metal
releases, accounting for more than 71% of the
total releases to air/water/land (see Figure 1-11).
57
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-37. Air, Water, and Land Releases of Metals and Metal Compounds, by State, 1993.
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
601,192
35
0
808,334
269,152
125,148
54,744
78,730
43,663
133,100
583,571
0
7,917
1,366,952
1,166,995
347,309
146,066
202,879
81,294
69,917
105,173
115,586
5,991,282
117,346
123,558
821,723
114,883
165,874
54,621
18,878
260,685
270,369
356,681
140,773
28,686
1,622,128
99,643
113,649
1,379,560
3,120
10,255
342,236
5,862
827,881
1,452,965
231,579
1,645
0
247,802
96,999
220,162
330,379
1,531
21,760,512
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
337,286
0
0
47
68,095
27,989
9,054
26,411
21,443
2,814
216,117
0
2,700
76,520
102,014
12,967
5,127
24,516
125,234
108,917
235,699
4,529
95,938
5,377
21,259
11,271
117
18,559
0
598
8,320
1,254
226,488
21,490
514
135,743
12,661
27,109
118,848
10
1,048
79,544
5
114,141
123,562
6,543
0
301
19,834
39,003
171,982
47,632
29
2,716,659
Releases
to Land
Pounds
3,755,014
7
0
7,133,500
1,640,310
449,178
161,406
1,424
63,970
3,285
1,132,266
0
457,428
19,350,837
12,511,308
2,129,292
149,577
528,868
1,660,874
1,000,026
2,029,074
32,907
8,031,242
1,974,336
4,402,060
15,264,758
42,604,442
247,310
2,418,031
1,659
591,262
21,968,201
1,078,843
6,881,177
527
22,290,926
2,845,790
1,459,430
778,880
352
0
440,104
0
5,863,404
13,775,292
11,418,789
260
550
2,140,682
10,706
273,641
1,016,500
23,576
221,993,281
Total Air/
Water/Land
Releases
Pounds
4,693,492
42
0
7,941,881
1,977,557
602,315
225,204
106,565
129,076
139,199
1,931,954
0
468,045
20,794,309
13,780,317
2,489,568
300,770
756,263
1,867,402
1,178,860
2,369,946
153,022
14,118,462
2,097,059
4,546,877
16,097,752
42,719,442
431,743
2,472,652
21,135
860,267
22,239,824
1,662,012
7,043,440
29,727
24,048,797
2,958,094
1,600,188
2,277,288
3,482
11,303
861,884
5,867
6,805,426
15,351,819
11,656,911
1,905
851
2,408,318
146,708
665,785
1,394,511
25,136
246,470,452
58
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
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59
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-38. Air, Water, and Land Releases of Metals and Metal Compounds, by Industry, 1993.
SIC
Code Industry
20 Food
21 Tobacco
22 Textiles
23 Apparel
24 Lumber
25 Furniture
26 Paper
27 Printing
28 Chemicals
29 Petroleum
30 Plastics
3 1 Leather
32 Stone/Clay/Glass
33 Primary Metals
34 Fabr Metals
35 Machinery
36 Electrical
37 Transportation Equip.
38 Measure./Photo.
39 Miscellaneous
Multiple codes 20-39ฎ
No codes 20-39ฉ
Total
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
166,838
0
25,090
1,814
12,906
79,757
390,014
5,872
1,036,257
119,871
224,164
2,404
445,845
10,296,162
725,696
325,813
385,214
796,304
32,650
62,071
1,176,830
5,448,940
21,760,512
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
2,022
3,885
31,283
965
10,484
331
495,334
42
716,148
99,954
19,204
3,587
48,755
847,113
45,023
9,010
43,595
32,513
138,695
1,085
167,218
413
2,716,659
Releases
to Land
Pounds
509,962
0
21,505
644
270
19,559
3,530,956
98
30,813,535
279,832
224,638
9,148
1,242,602
164,339,590
490,443
42,735
133,239
1,302,355
4,084
1,004
15,237,166
3,789,916
221,993,281
Total Air/
Water/Land
Releases
Pounds
678,822
3,885
77,878
3,423
23,660
99,647
4,416,304
6,012
32,565,940
499,657
468,006
15,139
1,737,202
175,482,865
1,261,162
377,558
562,048
2,131,172
175,429
64,160
16,581,214
9,239,269
246,470,452
Primary
Metals
(SIC 33)
71.2%
Chemicals
(SIC 28)
13.2%
Multiple
Codes 20-39
6.7%
No Codes 20-39
3.7%
Paper (SIC 26)
1.8%
All Others
3.3%
Figure 1-11. Top Industries for Air/Water/Land
Releases of Metals and Metal
Compounds, 1993.
Facilities/forms that reported more than one 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 [e.g., paper (26) and chemicals (28)].
Facilities/forms that did not report an SIC code or reported SIC codes outside the 20-to-39 range.
60
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Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Ozone Depleters
Ozone depleters, such as chlorofluorocarbons
(CFCs), halons, 1,1,1-trichloroethane (methyl
chloroform), carbon tetrachloride, and bromo-
methane (methyl bromide), are known to release
chlorine or bromine in the stratosphere (earth's
upper atmosphere). Chlorine and bromine act as
catalysts in the conversion of ozone to oxygen,
thus reducing the amount of stratospheric ozone.
Stratospheric ozone is important because it
shields the earth from ultraviolet-B radiation.
As the ozone layer diminishes, the amount of
this harmful radiation reaching the earth's
surface increases. These ozone depleters remain
in the stratosphere for many decades; thus,
emissions today will influence ozone levels far
into the future.
Ultraviolet-B radiation has been shown to cause
various adverse human health and environ-
mental effects as described below.
Health Effects
Skin Cancer. Exposure to ultraviolet-B radia-
tion has been implicated in two types of non-
melanoma skin cancer: squamous cell cancer
and basal cell cancer. In addition, experimental
evidence suggests that ultraviolet-B radiation
plays an important role in causing malignant
melanoma skin cancer. Recent studies predict
that for each 1 % change in ultraviolet-B radia-
tion intensity, the incidence of melanoma could
increase from 0.5 to 1%.
Other Health Effects. Results from some
studies have demonstrated that ultraviolet-B
radiation can suppress the immune response
system in animals and possibly in humans.
The incidence of cataracts and adverse effects
on the retina are likely to increase with ultra-
violet-B radiation exposure.
Other studies have shown that increased pene-
tration of ultraviolet-B radiation could increase
the rate of tropospheric ozone formation. Data
suggest that ozone exposure may lead to chronic
health effects, including morphological changes
to, and impaired functioning of, the lungs.
Environmental Effects
Aquatic organisms, particularly phytoplankton,
zooplankton, and the larvae of many fishes,
appear to be susceptible to harm from ultra-
violet-B radiation because they spend at least
part of their time at or near the surface of the
waters they inhabit.
Plants have also been shown to be adversely
affected by increased ultraviolet-B radiation.
Possible effects include yield reductions and
altering the balance of competition between
plants.
Uses
CFCs and halons have various uses. A
summary of the major uses follows:
CFCs are used as refrigerants, with applica-
tions in household refrigerators and freezers,
cold storage warehouses, refrigerated trans-
port systems, and air conditioning.
Some CFCs are used as blowing agents in
the manufacture of foam plastics. The CFCs
are used to create bubbles, or cells, in the
plastic foam structure.
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane and Freon 113 are
used as industrial solvents in cleaning
operations. The three major cleaning
applications are metal cleaning, electronics
cleaning, and precision cleaning.
61
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Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Halons, such as halon 1301 and halon 1211,
are used in fire extinguishers, including
portable systems used by military and
commercial "crash/rescue" teams at airports,
and in explosion protection devices.
CFC-12 is widely used in combination with
ethylene oxide to sterilize medical equip-
ment and devices, in pharmaceutical
production, and in spice fumigation.
CFC-11 is used to puff leaves of tobacco to
increase the volume of the tobacco used in
cigarette production.
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane is used as a solvent in
adhesives, inks, and coatings, such as wood
coatings, metal coatings, and aerospace
coatings.
On September 16, 1987, the United States,
along with 23 other nations and the European
Economic Community, signed the "Montreal
Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone
Layer." As a result of this protocol and newer
scientific evidence, Congress mandated in the
Clean Air Act Amendments that the production
of CFCs and halons be phased out by the year
2000. The production of many Class I ozone
depleters will be banned as of January 1, 1996,
based on findings by the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration (NASA) that ozone
depletion in the previous decade was more
severe than had been predicted.
See Table 1-39 for the TRI releases of Class I
ozone depleters. Table 1-40 provides TRI
transfer data for these ozone depleters.
Interim substitutes, such as hydrochlorofluoro-
carbons (HCFCs), have also been found to
decrease ozone in the stratosphere, but these
chemicals have much lower ozone-depletion
potentials than CFCs. The HCFCs will serve as
first-generation substitutes, but will themselves
be phased out. On November 30,1993, EPA
added 11 HCFCs to the TRI list of reportable
chemicals. The first TRI reports for these
chemicals, covering activities during the 1994
reporting year, will be submitted by July 1,
1995. (See Chemical List questions in
Appendix A).
Table 1-41 lists the amounts of ozone depleters
released to air by state. The top five states
reporting releases of ozone depleters to air were
California, Texas, Ohio, North Carolina, and
Indiana. Over 18% of all of the ozone-depleting
chemicals reported to TRI as released to air
were from California. Figure 1-12 maps this
information for all states.
Table 1-42 presents releases of ozone depleters
by industry. Nearly 50% of all of the TRI-listed
ozone depleters released to air were from the
transportation equipment (37), chemicals (28),
and plastics (30) industries. Figure 1-13 shows
the top 10 industries for releases of ozone
depleters.
OSHA Carcinogens
Some chemicals on the TRI are listed because
they are either known human carcinogens or
suspect carcinogens. Known human
carcinogens are those that have been shown to
cause cancer in humans. Suspect carcinogens
are those chemicals that have been shown to
cause cancer in animals. Known and suspect
carcinogens are highlighted on the TRI list
because reportable de minimis concentration
values are based on whether the chemical is
considered to be an "OSHA Carcinogen" (see
below). These known or suspect carcinogens
are featured in this public data release package
because these chemicals are specifically identi-
fied on the EPCRA section 313 toxic chemical
list.
62
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Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-39. TRI Releases of Ozone Depleters, 1993.
CAS
Number Chemical
353-59-3 Bromochlorodifluoro-
methane (Halon 1211)
74-83-9 Bromomethane
75-63-8 Bromotrifluoromethane
(Halon 1301)
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
75-71-8 Dichlorodifluoromethane
(CFC-12)
76-14-2 Dichlorotetrafluoro-
ethane(CFC-114)
76-13-1 Freon 113
76-15-3 Monochloropentafluoro-
ethane(CFC-115)
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
75-69-4 Trichlorofluoromethane
(CFC-11)
Total
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
6,248
641,088
39,077
585,481
4,845,914
989,347
6,871,554
510,058
32,866,736
2,645,752
50,001,255
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
3,025
2,538,074
1,808
1,643,428
2,521,594
123,820
2,953,806
49,695
31,199,295
3,481,936
44,516,481
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
0
760
0
1,453
14,186
5,136
4,271
1,000
10,912
1,546
39,264
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
1,100
0
34,332
1
0
4
0
2,528
11
37,976
Releases
to Land
Pounds
0
0
0
79
100
0
1,237
0
42,743
1,000
45,159
Total
Releases
Pounds
9,273
3,181,022
40,885
2,264,773
7,381,795
1,118,303
9,830,872
560,753
64,122,214
6,130,245
94,640,135
Table 1-40. TRI Transfers of Ozone Depleters, 1993.
CAS
Number
353-59-3
74-83-9
75-63-8
56-23-5
75-71-8
76-14-2
76-13-1
76-15-3
71-55-6
75-69-4
Chemical
Bromochlorodifluoro-
methane (Halon 1211)
Bromomethane
Bromotrifluoromethane
(Halon 1301)
Carbon tetrachloride
Dichlorodifluoromethane
(CFC-12)
Dichlorotetrafluoro-
ethane(CFC-114)
Freon 113
Monochloropentafluoro-
ethane (CFC-11 5)
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichlorofluoromethane
(CFC-11)
Total
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
0
0
111,626
312,686
24,730
3,043,503
0
14,370,656
244,377
18,107,578
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
0
3,300
0
4,109
319
0
208,109
0
2,322,187
227,123
2,765,147
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
0
500
0
920,808
81,000
6,383
417,205
0
3,568,694
250,238
5,244,828
Transfers
to POT Ws
Pounds
0
0
0
1,675
21,832
0
37,045
0
60,457
614
121,623
Other
Transfers to Off-site
Disposal Transfers^
Pounds Pounds
0
5
0
121,363
1,969
15
12,278
0
267,633
81,821
485,084
0
0
0
0
0
0
750
0
177,907
0
178,657
Total
Transfers
Pounds
0
3,805
0
1,159,581
417,806
31,128
3,718,890
0
20,767,534
804,173
26,902,917
Transfers reported without valid waste management codes.
63
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Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-41. TRI Releases to Air of Ozone Depleters, by State, 1993.
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
668,426
0
0
304,531
890,659
9,566,063
549,963
1,532,288
75,147
867,185
924,274
0
0
1,706,827
2,576,681
487,542
1,061,835
1,326,447
1,177,891
322,672
356,635
811,954
1,531,191
983,012
1,002,981
854,087
0
155,628
35,400
160,704
1,105,850
57,004
1,576,395
2,462,719
34,220
2,980,299
229,016
241,458
1,611,758
587,115
252,452
933,420
40,518
1,542,144
3,068,301
924,137
22,081
7,771
898,918
650,004
195,418
650,229
5
50,001,255
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
1,433,686
0
0
655,142
1,122,658
7,899,175
98,299
1,846,535
76,764
544,418
1,115,744
0
15,604
1,848,996
2,665,429
388,855
224,998
1,175,389
570,960
567,030
222,253
419,137
1,031,217
874,193
595,828
772,522
0
275,671
7,194
228,146
539,302
107,685
1,201,303
2,787,676
38,663
2,479,933
207,099
149,009
1,079,306
506,824
37,666
1,204,936
76,293
1,678,459
2,573,968
1,181,345
45,290
0
308,862
170,279
460,393
1,006,347
0
44,516,481
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
2,102,112
0
0
959,673
2,013,317
17,465,238
648,262
3,378,823
151,911
1,411,603
2,040,018
0
15,604
3,555,823
5,242,110
876,397
1,286,833
2,501,836
1,748,851
889,702
578,888
1,231,091
2,562,408
1,857,205
1,598,809
1,626,609
0
431,299
42,594
388,850
1,645,152
164,689
2,777,698
5,250,395
72,883
5,460,232
436,115
390,467
2,691,064
1,093,939
290,118
2,138,356
116,811
3,220,603
5,642,269
2,105,482
67,371
7,771
1,207,780
820,283
655,811
1,656,576
5
94,517,736
64
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
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65
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-42. TRI Releases to Air of Ozone Depleters, by Industry, 1993.
SIC
Code Industry
20 Food
21 Tobacco
22 Textiles
23 Apparel
24 Lumber
25 Furniture
26 Paper
27 Printing
28 Chemicals
29 Petroleum
30 Plastics
3 1 Leather
32 Stone/Clay/Glass
33 Primary Metals
34 Fabr. Metals
35 Machinery
36 Electrical
37 Transportation Equip.
38 Measure./Photo.
39 Miscellaneous
Multiple codes 20-39ฎ
No codes 20-39ฉ
Total
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
641,490
128,286
602,593
59,548
132,843
555,592
187,211
1,096,511
7,108,018
540,601
6,728,277
83,807
109,010
3,707,496
3,676,561
2,281,429
2,428,889
10,780,231
2,711,075
509,289
5,732,574
199,924
50,001,255
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
52,303
291,331
178,832
233,739
316,993
1,875,218
404,713
340,447
6,925,429
13,301
6,755,051
54,596
310,505
1,015,054
4,246,766
2,306,388
4,637,380
6,977,881
3,012,446
566,912
3,870,903
130,293
44,516,481
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
693,793
419,617
781,425
293,287
449,836
2,430,810
591,924
1,436,958
14,033,447
553,902
13,483,328
138,403
419,515
4,722,550
7,923,327
4,587,817
7,066,269
17,758,112
5,723,521
1,076,201
9,603,477
330,217
94,517,736
Transport.
Equip. 37
Chemicals 28
Plastics 30
Multiple Codes
20-39
Fabr. Metals 34
Electrical 36
Measure./
Photo. 38
Primary Metals 33
Machinery 35
Furniture 25
5 10
Millions of Pounds
Figure 1-13. Top 10 Industries for Releases to Air of Ozone Depleters, 1993.
Facilities/forms that reported more than one 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 [e.g., paper (26) and chemicals (28)].
Facilities/forms that did not report an SIC code or reported SIC codes outside the 20-to-39 range.
66
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Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Clarification of the Basis for
Carcinogen Listings on the EPCRA
Section 313 List of Toxic Chemicals
Under section 313, a chemical does not have to
be counted towards threshold and release
calculations if it is present in a mixture below a
certain concentration. This is known as the
section 313 "de minimis" concentration in
mixture. When the section 313 rule was devel-
oped, EPA adopted the de minimis percentages
from the Occupational Safety and Health
Administration's (OSHA) Hazard Communica-
tion Standards (29 CFR 1910.1200), because
much of the information the industry would
have relating to chemicals in mixtures would
most likely be from the material safety data
sheet (MSDS) on that mixture. The OSHA de
minimis limitation is 0.1% if the chemical is a
known or suspect carcinogen by virtue of
appearing in one of three sources:
1.
2.
3.
National Toxicology Program (NTP),
"Annual Report on Carcinogens" (Latest
Edition);
International Agency for Research on
Cancer (IARC) "Monographs" (Latest
Editions); or
29 CFR 1910, Subpart Z, Toxic and
Hazardous Substances, Occupational Safety
and Health Administration.
The de minimis limitation is 1.0% for chemicals
that do not meet the above OSHA carcinogen
criteria.
The carcinogen designation in the list of chemi-
cals relates to any chemical that the Agency
determined met the above OSHA criteria for the
Q.l%de minimis limitation.
Box 1-5 shows the specific bases for which the
individual chemical was designated as a known
or suspect carcinogen.
Certain metal compound categories have two de
minimis limitations. For example, hexavalent
chromium compounds and inorganic arsenic
compounds meet the OSHA carcinogen criteria,
while trivalent chromium compounds and
organic arsenic do not meet the OSHA criteria.
As release and transfer information on these
groups are not reported separately, they were
not included in Tables 1-43,1-44, and 1-45 and
Figure 1-14.
Table 1-43 provides the releases to air, water,
and land for known or suspect carcinogens
reported to TRI. Table 1-44 is a list of total
releases of known or suspect carcinogens to air,
water, and land by state, and Figure 1-14 is the
corresponding map illustrating reporting by
state. Texas, Indiana, and North Carolina
reported the largest quantities of carcinogen
releases to air, water, and land.
Table 1-45 presents total releases to air, water,
and land of known or suspect carcinogens by
industry. The chemical industry accounts for
the largest quantity of carcinogen releases to air,
water, and land, about 47 million pounds or
26.1%. The plastics industry ranked second,
with 36.7 million pounds. The plastics industry
accounted for 20.4% of carcinogen releases to
air, water, and land, although it accounted for
only 5.7% of releases of all chemicals to air,
water, and land. The transportation equipment
industry was third with 16.6 million pounds, or
9.2%. Figure 1-15 shows the top 10 industries
for releases of known or suspect carcinogens to
air, water, and land.
Releases and Transfers
of All TRI Chemicals
The last table provided in this chapter (Table
1-46) is an alphabetical listing of all of the TRI
chemicals reported in 1993 and their associated
releases and transfers.
67
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Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Chemical
Acetaldehyde
Acetamide
2-Acetylaminofluorene
Acrylamide
Acrylonitrile
2-Aminoanthraquinone
4-Aminoazobenzene
4-Aminobiphenyl
1 -Amino-2-methy lanthraquinone
o-Anisidine
o-Anisidine hydrochloride
Arsenic and inorganic arsenic compounds
Asbestos (friable)
Benzene
Benzidine
Benzoic trichloride
Beryllium
Bis(chloromethyl)ether
1,3-Butadiene
C.I. Direct Black 38
C.I. Direct Blue 6
C.I. Direct Brown 95
C.I. Food Red 5
C.I. Solvent Yellow 34 (Auramine)
Cadmium
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Chloromethyl methyl ether
Chlorophenols
Chromium (VI) compounds
Creosote
p-Cresidine
Cupferron
2,4-Diaminoanisole
2,4-Diaminoanisole sulfate
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether
Diaminotoluene (mixed isomers)
2,4-Diaminotoluene
1 ,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane
1 ,2-Dibromoethane
Dichlorobenzene (mixed isomers)
1 ,4-Dichlorobenzene
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidene
1 ,2-Dichloroethane
Dichloromethane
1 ,3-Dichloropropylene
Diepoxybutane
Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
Diethyl sulfate
3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine
4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine
Dimethylcarbamyl chloride
1 , 1 -Dimethylhydrazine
Dimethyl sulfate
1 ,4-Dioxane
1 ,2-Diphenylhydrazine
Epichlorohydrin
Ethyl acrylate
Ethyleneimine
Ethylene oxide
Ethylene thiourea
Formaldehyde
IARCฎ
2B
2B
-
2B
2A
-
2B
1
--
2B
1
1
1
1
2B
2A
1
2B
2A
2A
2A
2B
2B
2A
2B
2B
1
2B
1
2A
2B
-
2B
--
2B
2B
2B
2B
2A
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2A
2B
2B
2B
2A
2B
2A
2B
--
2A
2B
-
2A
2B
2A
NTPฉ
P
--
P
P
P
P
K
P
P
K
K
K
K
P
P
K
P
P
P
P
P
P
K
-
K
P
P
-
P
-
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
-
P
P
P
OSHAฉ
__
--
z
--
z
--
z
-
-
z
z
z
-
z
z
--
-
--
--
-
-
--
-
z
z
--
-
--
-
z
--
--
--
-
-
--
--
-
z
z
-
~
Box 1-5. Basis of OSHA Carcinogen Listing for Individual Chemicals.
68
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers ,,
Chemical
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexamethylphosphoramide
Hydrazine
Hydrazine sulfate
Lead and inorganic lead compounds
Lindane
4,4-Methylenebis (2-chloroaniline)
4,4'-Methylenebis (N,N-dimethyl) benzeneamine
4,4'-Methylenedianiline
Michler's ketone
Mustard gas
alpha-Naphthylamine
beta-Naphthylamine
Nickel
Nickel compounds
Nitrilotriacetic acid
4-Nitrobiphenyl
Nitrofen
Nitrogen mustard
2-Nitropropane
N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine
N-Nitrosodiethylamine
N-Nitrosodimethylamine
N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine
N-Nitrosomethylvinylamine
N-Nitrosomorpholine
N-Nitroso-N-ethylurea
N-Nitroso-N-methylurea
N-Nitrosonornicotine
N-Nitrosopiperidine
Polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs)
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
Propane sultone
beta-Propiolactone
Propyleneimine
Propylene oxide
Saccharin (manufacturing)
Safrole
Styrene
Styrene oxide
Tetrachloroethylene
Thioacetamide
4,4'-Thiodianiline
Thiourea
Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate
Toluene-2,6-diisocyanate
Toluene diisocyanate (mixed isomers)
o-Toluidine
o-Toluidine hydrochloride
Toxaphene
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate
Urethane
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
IARCฎ
2B
2B
2B
--
2B
2B
2A
2B
2B
1
--
1
2B
1
2B
2A
2B
2B
2A
2A
2B
2B
2B
2A
2A
2B
2B
2B
2A
2B
2B
2B
2A
2B
2B
2B
2A
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2B
2A
2B
2A
1
NTPฎ
P
P
P
P
-
P
P
P
P
P
K
-
K
P
Pฉ
P
P
--
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
-
-
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
K
OSHAฉ
__
-
-
z
--
-
z
z
-
z
--
--
--
-
--
z
-
--
-
--
--
-
--
-
--
z
-
--
--
--
--
-
--
-
-
--
-
--
z
Box 1-5. Basis of OSHA Carcinogen Listing for Individual Chemicals, Continued.
ฉ 1: The chemical is carcinogenic to humans; 2A: The chemical is probably carcinogenic to humans; 2B: The chemical is
possibly carcinogenic to humans.
ฉ K: The chemical is known to be carcinogenic; P: The chemical may reasonably be anticipated to be carcinogenic.
ฉ Z: The chemical appears at 29 CFR Part 1910 Subpart Z.
(ง) Certain nickel compounds.
69
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-43. TRI Releases of Known or Suspect Carcinogens to Air, Water, and Land, 1993 (Alphabetically
Ordered).
CAS
Numberฎ
75-07-0
60-35-5
79-06-1
107-13-1
60-09-3
92-67-1
90-04-0
7440-38-2
1332-21-4
71-43-2
92-87-5
98-07-7
7440-41-7
542-88-1
106-99-0
7440-43-9
56-23-5
67-66-3
107-30-2
7440-47-3
8001-58-9
120-71-8
135-20-6
615-05-4
101-80-4
25376-45-8
95-80-7
106-93-4
25321-22-6
106-46-7
91-94-1
107-06-2
75-09-2
542-75-6
117-81-7
64-67-5
1 19-90-4
57-14-7
77-78-1
123-91-1
106-89-8
Chemical
Acetaldehyde
Acetamide
Acrylamide
Acrylonitrile
4-Aminoazobenzene
4-Aminobiphenyl
o-Anisidine
Arsenic
Asbestos (friable)
Benzene
Benzidine
Benzoic trichloride
Beryllium
Bis(chloromethyl) ether
1,3-Butadiene
Cadmium
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Chloromethyl methyl ether
Chlorophenols
Chromium
Creosote
p-Cresidine
Cupferron
2,4-Diaminoanisole
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether
Diaminotoluene
(mixed isomers)
2,4-Diaminotoluene
1 ,2-Dibromoethane
Dichlorobenzene
(mixed isomers)
1 ,4-Dichlorobenzene
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine
1 ,2-Dichloroethane
Dichloromethane
1 ,3-Dichloropropylene
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Diethyl sulfate
3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine
1,1 -Dimethyl hydrazine
Dimethyl sulfate
1 ,4-Dioxane
Epichlorohydrin
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
6,507,137
15
28,558
1,393,618
1
0
877
33,988
8,383
10,799,125
16
6,135
903
255
3,274,316
15,290
2,228,909
13,808,692
2,241
9,906
426,198
1,152,129
410
59
13
119
17,364
1,790
25,199
6,886
357,891
10
2,304,877
64,313,211
33,164
578,940
22,016
0
194
5,755
434,017
384,132
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
35,127
1
2,261
3,078
0
0
81
1,643
255
18,793
0
0
24
0
7,595
412
1,453
451,362
5
34
21,960
8,039
5
0
0
2,137
989
0
80
0
1,265
0
6,806
62,909
2
1,118
5
4
0
0
477,896
3,642
Releases
to Land
Pounds
951
0
168
6,934
0
0
116
311,263
537,783
27,515
0
0
14,594
0
350
56,665
79
32,926
0
0
1,157,200
1,528
85
0
0
5
113
0
254
30
1,112
0
303
78,267
0
92,887
5
0
0
5
2,236
2,356
Total Air/
Water/Land
Releases
Pounds
6,543,215
16
30,987
1,403,630
1
0
1,074
346,894
546,421
10,845,433
16
6,135
15,521
255
3,282,261
72,367
2,230,441
14,292,980
2,246
9,940
1,605,358
1,161,696
500
59
13
2,261
18,466
1,790
25,533
6,916
360,268
10
2,311,986
64,454,387
33,166
672,945
22,026
4
194
5,760
914,149
390,130
70
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-43. TRI Releases of Known or Suspect Carcinogens to Air, Water, and Land, 1993 (Alphabetically
Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Numberฎ
140-88-5
151-56-4
75-21-8
96-45-7
50-00-0
118-74-1
302-01-2
10034-93-2
7439-92-1
58-89-9
101-14-4
101-77-9
90-94-8
134-32-7
7440-02-0
139-13-9
79-46-9
1336-36-3
1120-71-4
75-55-8
75-56-9
81-07-2
100-42-5
96-09-3
127-18-4
62-56-6
584-84-9
91-08-7
26471-62-5
95-53-4
88-06-2
51-79-6
593-60-2
75-01-4
Chemical
Ethyl acrylate
Ethyleneimine
Ethylene oxide
Ethylene thiourea
Formaldehyde
Hexachlorobenzene
Hydrazine
Hydrazine sulfate
Lead
Lindane
4,4'-Methylenebis
(2-chloroaniline)
4,4'-Methylenedianiline
Michler's ketone
alpha-Naphthylamine
Nickel
Nickel compounds
Nitrilotriacetic acid
2-Nitropropane
Polybrominated biphenyls
Polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCBs)
Propane sultone
Propyleneimine
Propylene oxide
Saccharin (manufacturing)
Styrene
Styrene oxide
Tetrachloroethylene
Thiourea
Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate
Toluene-2,6-diisocyanate
Toluenediisocyanate
(mixed isomers)
o-Toluidine
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Urethane
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
186,391
0
1,147,222
270
11,371,021
636
16,452
1
695,894
575
15
18,274
1,542
10
321,926
178,880
12
48,328
0
0
250
339
1,123,896
301
32,570,591
344
10,942,019
1,372
58,869
6,695
42,223
18,401
69
12,200
1,657
1,013,962
167,963,376
1,672,127,735
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
1,200
0
2,634
0
418,503
476
784
0
24,575
0
0
291
0
0
38,098
56,096
6,442
1,200
0
0
0
0
6,390
0
28,274
0
10,152
2,611
0
0
0
1,266
56
0
0
111
1,708,306
271,152,864
Releases
to Land
Pounds
21
0
11,222
0
418,220
0
5
0
3,336,155
5
0
135
0
0
427,911
2,864,701
0
0
0
265
0
0
6,197
0
177,580
0
618,026
288
0
0
288
7
0
0
0
6
10,186,762
289,052,581
Total Air/
Water/Land
Releases
Pounds
187,612
0
1,161,078
270
12,207,744
1,112
17,241
1
4,056,624
580
15
18,700
1,542
10
787,935
3,099,677
6,454
49,528
0
265
250
339
1,136,483
301
32,776,445
344
11,570,197
4,271
58,869
6,695
42,511
19,674
125
12,200
1,657
1,014,245
179,858,444
2,232,333,180
Compound categories do not have CAS numbers ().
71
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-44. TRI Air, Water, and Land Releases of Carcinogens, by State, 1993.
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
5,962,215
424,500
0
385,525
1,711,750
6,109,824
530,481
2,880,469
565,400
4,504,298
5,231,249
63,519
180,469
5,591,277
14,452,575
1,963,754
2,342,760
3,185,247
4,611,969
1,038,156
907,925
1,316,720
5,042,507
2,788,712
6,653,767
2,888,721
256,547
652,458
21,005
420,934
1,369,496
88,511
5,626,225
10,199,503
117,309
9,136,467
1,837,895
1,799,951
6,768,360
4,381,755
148,596
5,422,134
124,806
4,660,954
19.700,288
1,279,262
17,028
113,529
4,046,389
2,832,307
2,834,130
2,739,695
34,053
167,963,376
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
66,858
59,878
0
1
13,554
9,924
275
264,573
750
12,180
26,557
0
750
13,348
8,346
2,989
1,244
30,216
104,817
10,439
5,627
2,340
15,139
8,085
20,933
5,549
782
855
0
14,615
11,549
3
292,490
50,919
509
24,629
1,720
8,262
27,466
0
6
99,431
5
95,055
75,225
15
250
978
17,132
263,155
23,866
15,012
5
1,708,306
Releases
to Land
Pounds
65,795
257
0
832,150
906,154
16,312
1,993
227,395
249
4,178
48,977
5
13
375,787
206,774
62,533
15,537
55,803
1,349,396
251
459,354
23,771
227,569
48,394
44,554
2,413,207
28,639
11,623
552
4,918
104,402
1,255
25,084
9,097
1
446,739
8,920
1,195,656
280,811
2,989
0
25,077
0
47,047
238,486
20,312
255
1,530
60,955
3,747
72,310
188,039
21,910
10,186,762
Total Air
Water/Land
Releases
Pounds
6,094,868
484,635
0
1,217,676
2,631,458
6,136,060
532,749
3,372,437
566,399
4,520,656
5,306,783
63,524
181,232
5,980,412
14,667,695
2,029,276
2,359,541
3,271,266
6,066,182
1,048,846
1,372,906
1,342,831
5,285,215
2,845,191
6,719,254
5,307,477
285,968
664,936
21,557
440,467
1,485,447
89,769
5,943,799
10,259,519
117,819
9,607,835
1,848,535
3,003,869
7,076,637
4,384,744
148,602
5,546,642
124,811
4,803,056
20,013,999
1,299,589
17,533
116,037
4,124,476
3,099,209
2,930,306
2,942,746
55,968
179,858,444
72
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
o>
^
oT
5
en
(0
0)
O)
o
CO
u
(0
0)
w
ID
Jj>
0)
OC
o
5
TJ
(0
(0
n
O
D
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73
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-45. TRI Air/Water/Land Releases of Carcinogens, by Industry, 1993.
SIC
Code Industry
20 Food
21 Tobacco
22 Textiles
23 Apparel
24 Lumber
25 Furniture
26 Paper
27 Printing
28 Chemicals
29 Petroleum
30 Plastics
31 Leather
32 Stone/Clay/Glass
33 Primary Metals
34 Fabr. Metals
35 Machinery
36 Electrical
37 Transportation Equip.
38 Measure./Photo.
39 Miscellaneous
Multiple codes 20-39(3)
No codes 20-39ฎ
Total
Total Air
Emissions
Pounds
765,201
0
1,140,306
97,234
4,757,418
976,561
14,921,552
289,719
44,427,860
5,277,971
36,580,479
129,957
3,649,392
4,419,248
5,459,257
2,530,510
3,540,007
16,523,768
5,704,231
1,711,860
14,454,478
606,367
167,963,376
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
315
0
965
0
14,848
201
343,562
0
724,639
31,979
902
250
5,372
63,370
12,124
1,781
1,491
11,003
280,906
498
214,082
18
1,708,306
Releases
to Land
Pounds
24,260
0
294
0
2,444
48
38,105
98
1,812,567
77,262
148,377
7,256
418,842
7,321,811
69,582
30,982
24,021
21,583
1,402
3,620
184,196
12
10,186,762
Total Air
Water/Land
Releases
Pounds
789,776
0
1,141,565
97,234
4,774,710
976,810
15,303,219
289,817
46,965,066
5,387,212
36,729,758
137,463
4,073,606
11,804,429
5,540,963
2,563,273
3,565,519
16,556,354
5,986,539
1,715,978
14,852,756
606,397
179,858,444
Facilities/forms that reported more than one 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 [e.g., paper (26) and chemicals (28)].
Facilities/forms that did not report an SIC code or reported SIC codes outside the 20-to-39 range.
74
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Chemicals 28
Plastics 30
Transport.
Equip 37
Paper 26
Multiple Codes
20-39
Primary Metals 33
Measure./
Photo. 38
Fabr. Metals 34
Petroleum 29
Lumber 24
20 30
Millions of Pounds
40
50
Figure 1-15. Top 10 Industries for Air/Water/Land Releases of Carcinogens, 1993.ฎ
Facilities/forms that reported more than one 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 [e.g., paper (26) and chemicals (28)].
75
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-46. Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).
CAS
Numberฎ
75-07-0
60-35-5
67-64-1
75-05-8
107-02-8
79-06-1
79-10-7
107-13-1
107-18-6
107-05-1
7429-90-5
1344-28-1
60-09-3
92-67-1
7664-41-7
6484-52-2
7783-20-2
62-53-3
90-04-0
104-94-9
120-12-7
7440-36-0
7440-38-2
1332-21-4
7440-39-3
98-87-3
71-43-2
92-87-5
98-07-7
98-88-4
94-36-0
100-44-7
7440-41-7
92-52-4
111-44-4
542-88-1
108-60-1
103-23-1
353-59-3
74-83-9
75-63-8
106-99-0
141-32-2
71-36-3
78-92-2
75-65-0
85-68-7
106-88-7
123-72-8
569-64-2
989-38-8
Chemical
Acetaldehyde
Acetamide
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Acrolein
Acrylamide
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Allyl alcohol
Allyl chloride
Aluminum (fume or dust)
Aluminum oxide
(fibrous forms)
4-Aminoazobenzene
4-Aminobiphenyl
Ammonia
Ammonium nitrate
(solution)
Ammonium sulfate
(solution)
Aniline
o-Anisidine
p-Anisidine
Anthracene
Antimony
Antimony compounds
Arsenic
Arsenic compounds
Asbestos (friable)
Barium
Barium compounds
Benzal chloride
Benzene
Benzidine
Benzoic trichloride
Benzoyl chloride
Benzoyl peroxide
Benzyl chloride
Beryllium
Beryllium compounds
Biphenyl
Bis(2-chloroethyl)
ether
Bis(chloromethyl) ether
Bis(2-chloro- 1 -methyl-
ethyl)ether
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)
adipate
Bromochlorodifluoro-
methane (Halon 121 1)
Bromomethane
Bromotrifluoromethane
(Halon 1301)
1,3-Butadiene
Butyl acrylate
n-Butyl alcohol
sec-Butyl alcohol
tert-Butyl alcohol
Butyl benzyl phthaiate
1,2-Butylene oxide
Butyraldehyde
C.I. Basic Green 4
C.I. Basic Red 1
Forms
Number
103
4
2,511
78
15
77
184
118
24
19
285
55
1
1
3,096
219
248
72
7
2
81
134
503
100
306
94
65
990
3
469
1
3
19
57
48
9
8
146
12
2
2
142
11
50
13
175
167
1,152
110
68
176
15
30
3
2
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
1,692,021
7
69,220,768
723,924
10,744
24,241
339,715
344,718
50,853
75,867
286,116
84,283
0
0
35,439,303
178,946
12,029
232,358
865
5
21,733
3,529
33,011
2,492
8,845
3,899
68,179
242,514
322
6,712,433
16
5,907
11,339
744
14,196
3
2
614,887
12,783
5
2,670
149,425
6,248
641,088
39,077
2,219,657
158,778
6,792,330
209,498
1,207,843
89,830
14,297
170,227
0
0
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
4,815,116
8
55,931,694
336,272
12,022
4,317
257,536
1,048,900
16,925
30,573
2,085,587
17,477
1
0
102,617,862
1,099,038
82,386
196,005
12
7
48,887
15,732
55,372
31,496
84,494
4,484
31,880
406,128
11
4,086,692
0
228
2,147
1,250
6,933
900
361
137,550
408
250
2,886
294,018
3,025
2,538,074
1,808
1,054,659
160,384
22,002,423
492,870
435.984
266,510
6,019
168,053
5
0
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
35,127
1
990,315
15,283
0
2,261
1,528
3,078
8,690
0
36,376
435
0
0
35,938,643
7,386,387
3,872,980
4,588
81
5
589
10,074
27,324
1,643
5,756
255
5,259
73,311
0
18,793
0
0
0
5
41
24
4
4,673
6
0
3,000
887
0
760
0
7,595
774
57,472
4,724
174,289
657
26
559
0
0
Underground
Injection
Pounds
2,623,334
1,089,000
3,250,160
15,707,895
102,335
4,010,509
3,507,000
3,823,381
192,966
0
11
0
370
3
168,725,501
35,211,208
6,189,894
1,365,557
0
0
0
0
3,707
0
52,000
0
0
2,491
0
363,660
0
0
0
0
35
0
0
46,966
0
0
0
0
0
1,100
0
1,000
0
1,942,044
0
305,700
83
0
189,447
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
951
0
472,427
18
0
168
125
6,934
0
2
919,519
75,628
0
0
10,144,184
6,457,512
2,184,322
1,381
116
5
7,150
81,779
878,961
311,263
2,250,594
537,783
291,141
2,610,562
0
27,515
0
0
11
2,070
61
14,594
8,087
6,803
0
0
84
183,541
0
0
0
350
52
17,057
9
349
2,938
0
8,606
0
0
Total
Releases
Pounds
9,166,549
1,089,016
129,865,364
16,783,392
125,101
4,041,496
4,105,904
5,227,011
269,434
106,442
3,327,609
177,823
371
3
352,865,493
50,333,091
12,341,611
1,799,889
1,074
22
78,359
111,114
998,375
346,894
2,401,689
546,421
396,459
3,335,006
333
11,209,093
16
6,135
13,497
4,069
21,266
15,521
8,454
810,879
13,197
255
8,640
627,871
9.273
3,181,022
40,885
3,283,261
319,988
30,811,326
707,101
2,124,165
360,018
20,342
536,892
5
0
76
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-46.
Chemical
Acetaldehyde
Acetamide
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Acrolein
Acrylamide
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Allyl alcohol
Ally! chloride
Aluminum (fume or dust)
Aluminum oxide
(fibrous forms)
4-Aminoazobenzene
4-AminobiphenyI
Ammonia
Ammonium nitrate
(solution)
Ammonium sulfate
(solution)
Aniline
o-Anisidine
p-Anisidine
Anthracene
Antimony
Antimony compounds
Arsenic
Arsenic compounds
Asbestos (friable)
Barium
Barium compounds
Benzal chloride
Benzene
Benzidine
Benzoic trichloride
Benzoyl chloride
Benzoyl peroxide
Benzyl chloride
Beryllium
Beryllium compounds
Biphenyl
Bis(2-chloroethyl)
ether
Bis(chloromethyl) ether
Bis(2-chloro- 1 -methyl-
ethyl)ether
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)
adipate
Bromochlorodifluoro-
methane (Haion 1211)
Bromomethane
Bromotrifluoromethane
(Halon 1301)
1,3-Butadiene
Butyl acrylate
n-Butyl alcohol
sec-Butyl alcohol
tert-Butyl alcohol
Butyl benzyl phthalate
1,2-Butylene oxide
Butyraldehyde
C.I. Basic Green 4
C.I. Basic Red 1
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
8,600
0
16,307,782
1,934,210
0
171
62,354
0
0
0
68,565,992
2,315,286
0
0
9,822,551
603,690
1,415,800
3,400
0
0
9,151
4,021,535
1,971,564
266,124
305,484
0
45,113
1,549,902
0
1,101,028
0
0
0
5,050
0
121,104
31,655
134,519
170,971
0
0
164,476
0
0
0
7,473,983
67,843
2,231,523
62,960
18,324
156,548
0
450
0
0
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
226,932
0
51,430,246
5,648,422
8,152
57,337
7,922,205
784,832
141,420
8,121
178,718
1,677
0
0
30,349
0
0
931,875
0
0
139,833
1,932
33,443
25
8
0
90
216,268
44,000
1,094,354
0
0
4,906
2,842
310,991
0
0
354,373
100
0
0
164,269
0
3,300
0
6,574
77.856
9,165,824
5,305,314
30,784,513
114,767
373,210
479,072
0
230
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
212,800
889
11,805,568
4,487,047
8
78,461
243,914
769,225
1 14,900
459,481
96,722
52,367
0
0
6,452,196
33,294
5,076,407
540,052
0
0
20,603
4,962
277,170
85,479
659,663
94,250
3,116
2,606,833
0
1,764,985
0
251
956,298
9,141
485
539
883
159,788
10,381
0
0
18,125
0
500
0
102,713
80,493
1,766,836
37,466
649,218
193,712
16
7,079
499
0
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
270,561
0
8,298,215
471,530
0
85,857
37,546
201,949
141,402
14
7,123
781
0
0
72,597,087
4,767,098
31,195,284
1,483,800
0
2
609
31,194
67,774
353
683
757
4,528
342,594
0
308,621
0
0
400
19,504
11,106
0
0
794,830
7,089
0
0
12,413
0
0
0
8,439
1 14,605
1,519,267
45,684
1,075,164
17,171
0
132,237
83
24
Transfers to
Disposal
Pounds
1,211
0
533,984
156,291
0
6,623
40,274
15,285
65,127
149
6,890,687
1,532,051
0
0
12,977,756
2,867,117
2,901,806
400,262
0
0
66,249
209,724
2,762,291
134,851
2,728,552
5,294,318
394,093
10,569,706
0
90,863
0
0
250
11,966
210
4,619
2,359
31,969
180
2
0
528,190
0
5
0
4,893
69,966
314,789
155,290
274,832
1,972,538
0
1,716
0
670
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
0
27,452
0
0
0
47
0
0
0
255
0
0
0
750
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
254
0
250
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
24,501
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
Transfers
Pounds
720,104
889
88,403,247
12,697,500
8,160
228,449
8,306,340
1,771,291
462,849
467,765
75,739,497
3,902,162
0
0
101,880,689
8,271,199
40,589,297
3,359,389
0
2
236,445
4,269,347
5,112,496
486,832
3,694,640
5,389,325
446,940
15,285,553
44,000
4,359,851
0
251
961,854
48,503
322,792
126,262
34,897
1,475,479
188,721
2
0
887,473
0
3,805
0
7,596,602
410,763
15,022,740
5,606,714
32,802,051
2,454,736
373,226
620,554
582
924
77
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-46. Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1993 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Numberฎ
2832-40-8
81-88-9
97-56-3
7440-43-9
156-62-7
133-06-2
63-25-2
75-15-0
56-23-5
463-58-1
120-80-9
57-74-9
7782-50-5
10049-04-4
79-11-8
108-90-7
75-00-3
67-66-3
74-87-3
107-30-2
126-99-8
1897-45-6
7440-47-3
7440-48-4
7440-50-8
8001-58-9
120-71-8
1319-77-3
108-39-4
95-48-7
106-44-5
98-82-8
80-15-9
135-20-6
110-82-7
94-75-7
1163-19-5
615-05-4
101-80-4
25376-45-8
95-80-7
132-64-9
106-93-4
84-74-2
25321-22-6
95-50-1
541-73-1
106-46-7
91-94-1
75-27-4
75-71-8
107-06-2
Chemical
C.I. Disperse Yellow 3
C.I. Food Red 15
C.I. Solvent Yellow 3
Cadmium
Cadmium compounds
Calcium cyanamide
Captan
Carbaryl
Carbon disulfide
Carbon tetrachloride
Carbonyl sulfide
Catechol
Chlordane
Chlorine
Chlorine dioxide
Chloroacetic acid
Chlorobenzene
Chloroethane
Chloroform
Chloromethane
Chloromethyl methyl
ether
Chlorophenols
Chloroprene
Chlorothalonil
Chromium
Chromium compounds
Cobalt
Cobalt compounds
Copper
Copper compounds
Creosote
p-Cresidine
Cresol (mixed isomers)
m-Cresol
o-Cresol
p-Cresol
Cumene
Cumene hydroperoxide
Cupferron
Cyanide compounds
Cyclohexane
2,4-D (acetic acid)
Decabromodiphenyl oxide
2,4-Diaminoanisole
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl
ether
Diaminotoluene
(mixed isomers)
2,4- Diaminotoluene
Dibenzofuran
1 ,2-Dibromoethane
Dibutyl phthalate
Dichlorobenzene
(mixed isomers)
1 ,2-Dichlorobenzene
1 ,3-DichIorobenzene
1 ,4-Dichlorobenzene
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine
Dichlorobromomethane
Dichlorodifluoromethane
(CFC-12)
1 ,2-DichIoroethane
Forms
Number
2
2
1
52
125
6
16
22
81
74
37
121
1
1,504
132
29
71
53
175
94
4
6
14
21
1,693
1,414
235
204
2,458
1,435
93
5
118
20
22
21
236
38
2
252
336
27
126
1
5
12
4
44
19
128
8
30
7
22
5
1
282
76
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
399
0
0
2,031
7,443
0
1,896
3,024
3,333,231
585,481
8,998
578
51
1,284,028
27,090
5,788
1,032,928
1,237,605
4,488,694
1,217,748
20
1,964
191,316
1,295
288,532
118,238
18,035
6,160
280,578
4,000,737
433,801
285
201,711
30,178
13,201
21.473
1,238,681
74,360
28
56,544
4,603,824
5,589
23,358
0
8
12,501
263
16,336
17,439
107,292
475
168,572
1,339
95,363
5
180
4,845,914
614,195
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
0
1
0
13,259
39,401
5
4,775
5,947
89,974,108
1,643,428
12,780,099
1,572
0
74,126,080
1,537,027
767
1,015,531
1,441,896
9,319,998
4,095,061
2,221
7,942
799,794
4,920
137,666
285,978
15,788
20,341
918,155
3,200,332
718,328
125
323,764
5,958
153,999
3,831
1,300,413
18,096
31
842,184
5,494,004
3,213
179,502
13
111
4,863
1,527
11,843
7,760
80,619
6,411
175,132
8,682
262,528
5
0
2,521,594
1,690.682
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
28
0
0
412
652
0
5
15
34,169
1,453
0
52,798
15
675,121
251
8,719
3,511
2,231
451,362
59,565
5
34
47
9
21,960
228,475
7,283
96,644
43,389
92,540
8,039
5
2,931
626
158
293
1,148
196
0
97,666
26,842
184
2,181
0
2,137
989
0
10
80
3,593
0
2,174
139
1,265
0
0
14,186
6,806
Underground Releases
Injection to Land
Pounds Pounds
0
0
0
0
977
0
0
0
2,805
34,332
0
0
0
120,758
0
0
71,000
110
38,039
93,947
0
106,436
29,000
0
269
42,493
0
2,375
22,927
228,924
0
0
903,402
520,000
560,000
262,000
17,062
380,000
0
2,288,870
260,344
750
39
0
0
28,000
0
0
26
140,000
1
14,000
0
2,000
0
0
1
5,198
9,199
0
0
56,665
66,699
5
5
265
8
79
0
4,606
0
49,012
0
750
678
33
32,926
266
0
0
3,018
250
1,157,200
22,675,748
15,843
107,786
1,475,614
40,082,409
1,528
85
1,431
0
122
24
950
4,271
0
6,043
10,218
55
504,841
0
5
113
0
911
254
1,000
30
6,947
0
1,112
0
0
100
303
Total
Releases
Pounds
9,626
1
0
72,367
115,172
10
6,681
9,251
93,344,321
2,264,773
12,789,097
59,554
66
76,254,999
1,564,368
16,024
2,123,648
2,681,875
14,331,019
5,466,587
2,246
116,376
1,023,175
6,474
1,605,627
23,350,932
56,949
233,306
2,740,663
47,604,942
1,161,696
500
1,433,239
556,762
727,480
287,621
2,558,254
476,923
59
3,291,307
10,395,232
9,791
709,921
13
2,261
46,466
1,790
29,100
25,559
332,504
6,917
366,825
10,160
362,268
10
180
7,381,795
2,317,184
78
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-46, Continued.
Chemical
C.I. Disperse Yellow 3
C.I. Food Red 15
C.I. Solvent Yellow 3
Cadmium
Cadmium compounds
Calcium cyanamide
Captan
Carbaryl
Carbon disulfide
Carbon tetrachloride
Carbonyl sulfide
Catechol
Chlordane
Chlorine
Chlorine dioxide
Chloroacetic acid
Chlorobenzene
Chloroethane
Chloroform
Chloromethane
Chloromethyl methyl
ether
Chlorophenols
Chloroprene
Chlorothalonil
Chromium
Chromium compounds
Cobalt
Cobalt compounds
Copper
Copper compounds
Creosote
p-Cresidine
Cresol (mixed isomers)
m-Cresol
o-Cresol
p-Cresol
Cumene
Cumene hydroperoxide
Cupferron
Cyanide compounds
Cyclohexane
2,4-D (acetic acid)
Decabromodiphenyl oxide
2,4-Diaminoanisole
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl
ether
Diaminotoluene
(mixed isomers)
2,4-Diaminotoluene
Dibenzofuran
1,2-Dibromoethane
Dibutyl phthalate
Dichlorobenzene
(mixed isomers)
1 ,2-Dichloro benzene
1 ,3-Dichlorobenzene
1 ,4- Dichlorobenzene
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine
Dichlorobromomethane
Dichlorodifluoromethane
(CFC-12)
1,2-Dichloroethane
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
0
0
709,561
1,471,988
0
0
0
5,098
111,626
0
0
0
1,413,177
0
0
1,401,667
161,718
435,332
0
0
0
500,444
625
82,208,414
41,866,804
6,859,454
2,022,301
464,081,201
120,508,266
291,667
0
155,838
270,000
0
160,000
90,372
0
0
24,600
1,385,099
0
25,105
0
0
0
0
3,609
1
12,896
0
3,145,376
6,764
6,278
0
0
312,686
8,147,906
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
0
0
0
0
1,142
0
0
0
248,766
4,109
0
33,825
0
10,514
0
400
643,725
21,933
69,463
57,355
0
0
121,297
0
3,582
27,479
0
517
27,043
59,283
666,038
0
383,627
9,373
7,205
79,736
879,065
706
0
2,008
2,841,058
0
8,129
0
0
376,100
0
19,988
255
200,186
14,828
404,460
450
0
3,300
0
319
271,519
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
0
0
0
34,162
157,551
0
6,184
18,834
64,510
920,808
0
6,151
11
318,102
0
1,026
2,612,970
395,391
1,821,397
163,661
0
36,088
200,869
3,632
857,598
16,558,993
33,759
74,904
761,168
2,938,449
449,178
1,400
164,844
51,380
11,706
23,124
83,250
4,316
2,300
325,721
814,171
51,521
27,720
0
23,548
479,489
57,902
751
502,946
117,522
14,540
1,528,689
5,048
102,521
11,250
0
81,000
2,228,128
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
3,150
1,100
0
2,156
2,788
0
29
1
226,215
1,675
0
64,122
51
866,133
880
1,433
8,558
255
603,115
3,442
0
279
18,506
281
86,085
357,376
16,801
22,785
149,862
217,399
11,507
28,223
46,325
9,654
40,942
868,509
69,289
592
56
99.903
12,103
574
202,671
0
7
58,575
0
505
0
8,948
0
30,791
1,537
3,631
10
0
21,832
13,898
Transfers to
Disposal
Pounds
1,658
0
0
42,434
3,138,540
0
2,436
16,031
1,329
121,363
0
841
0
15,866
0
793
4,965
0
73,348
1,446
70
751
5,295
206,386
6,802,575
10,638,488
133,125
498,888
6,127,156
11,941,318
2,003,819
0
25,072
15,386
6,632
8,086
12,089
15,687
0
149,034
20,237
18,728
836,895
0
119
1,646
0
30,141
67
74,055
0
99,113
0
213
5,005
0
1,969
61,483
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
63,774
25,443
23,014
0
124,314
173,820
0
0
1,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
70
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
Transfers
Pounds
4,808
1,100
0
788,313
4,772,009
0
8,649
34,866
545,918
1,159,581
0
104,939
62
2,623,792
880
3,652
4,671,885
579,297
3,002,655
225,904
70
37,118
846,411
210,924
90,022,028
69,474,583
7,066,153
2,619,395
471,270,744
135,838,535
3,422,209
29,623
776,706
355,793
66,485
1,139,455
1,134,065
21,301
2,356
601,766
5,072,668
70,823
1,100,520
0
23,674
915,810
57,902
54,994
503,269
413,677
29,368
5,208,429
13,799
112,643
19,565
0
417,806
10,722,934
79
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-46. Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1993 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Numberฎ
540-59-0
75-09-2
120-83-2
78-87-5
78-88-6
542-75-6
76-14-2
62-73-7
115-32-2
111-42-2
117-81-7
84-66-2
64-67-5
119-90-4
57-14-7
105-67-9
131-11-3
77-78-1
99-65-0
528-29-0
100-25-4
534-52-1
51-28-5
121-14-2
606-20-2
25321-14-6
123-91-1
106-89-8
110-80-5
140-88-5
100-41-4
541-41-3
74-85-1
107-21-1
151-56-4
75-21-8
96-45-7
2164-17-2
50-00-0
76-13-1
76-44-8
118-74-1
87-68-3
77-47-4
67-72-1
302-01-2
10034-93-2
7647-01-0
74-90-8
7664-39-3
123-31-9
78-84-2
67-63-0
80-05-7
7439-92-1
Chemical
1 ,2-Dichloroethylene
Dichloromethane
2,4-Dichlorophenol
1,2-Dichloropropane
2,3-Dichloropropene
1 ,3-Dichloropropylene
Dichlorotetrafl uoro-
ethane(CFC-lH)
Dichlorvos
Dicofol
Diethanolamine
Di-(2-ethylhexyl)
phthalate
Diethyl phthalate
Diethyl sulfate
3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine
1,1 -Dimethyl hydrazine
2,4-Dimethylphenol
Dimethyl phthalate
Dimethyl sulfate
m-Dinitrobenzene
o-Dinitrobenzene
p-Dinitrobenzene
4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol
2,4-Dinitrophenol
2,4-DinitrotoIuene
2,6-Dinitrotoluene
Dinitrotoluene
(mixed isomers)
1 ,4-Dioxane
Epichlorohydrin
2-Ethoxyethanol
Ethyl acrylate
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl chloroformate
Ethylene
Ethylene glycol
Ethyleneimine
Ethylene oxide
Ethylene thiourea
Fluometuron
Formaldehyde
Freon 113
Glycol ethers
Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachloro-
1,3-butadiene
Hexachlorocyclo-
pentadiene
Hexachloroethane
Hydrazine
Hydrazine sulfate
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen fluoride
Hydroquinone
Isobutyraldehyde
Isopropyl alcohol
(manufacturing)
4,4'-Isopropylidene-
diphenol
Lead
Forms
Number
12
1,065
3
12
3
10
19
5
5
356
321
62
35
2
4
18
66
36
2
3
1
6
5
4
1
7
64
71
48
102
935
5
273
1,312
1
162
7
7
782
466
2,162
1
10
8
4
24
46
3
3,279
40
513
60
20
123
109
797
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
19,923
24,478,364
270
262,040
170,000
27,514
989,347
807
255
187,854
149,731
26.703
5,159
0
99
16,323
21,010
4,556
63
5
3
6
1
1,846
463
5,458
281,921
282,452
95,428
92,497
3,088,395
1,918
14,775,632
2,466,226
0
561,890
5
296
2,049,988
6,871,554
10,120,540
31
304
1,190
2,857
1,029
12,267
0
4,310,382
53,123
3,076,706
3,950
129,996
332,235
105,696
236,287
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
9,555
39,834,847
318
315.399
336
5,650
123,820
500
10
113,583
429,209
131,596
16,857
0
95
14,990
70,350
1,199
399
41
7
65
2
33
8
10,511
152,096
101,680
208,789
93,894
7,226,146
485
18,530,394
7,670,401
0
585,332
265
347
9,321,033
2,953,806
35,171,877
0
332
557
908
48,677
4,185
1
74,763,273
2,180,818
4,645,613
16,125
250,198
1,025,007
96,396
459,607
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
28
62,909
61
4,749
1,900
2
5,136
5
5
282,866
1,118
337
5
4
0
84
329
0
18,756
237
43
10
142
319
212
631
477,896
3,642
1,952
1,200
15,347
5
24,779
1,170,533
0
2,634
0
0
418,503
4,271
353,153
2
476
1,200
1
291
784
0
719,541
396
10,340
8,994
650
0
8,366
24,575
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
956,098
7.677
0
106
0
0
0
0
60,284
0
0
0
0
0
55,000
1,300
0
0
0
0
0
27,408
0
0
98,000
0
0
0
2,400
333,957
0
0
5,943,528
0
28,000
0
0
5,912,425
4
114,415
0
548
520
250
1,081
0
220,000
145,097,099
821,815
3,520
470,000
34,783
0
44,339
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
0
78,267
0
19
0
0
0
250
250
67,013
92,887
750
5
0
0
250
5
5
300
0
0
0
4
0
0
173
2,236
2,356
0
21
27,110
5
0
1,283,019
0
11,222
0
0
418,220
1,237
137,656
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
359,506
12
28,805
117
0
750
695,804
3,336,155
Total
Releases
Pounds
29,506
65,410,485
8,326
582,207
172,342
33,166
1,118,303
1,562
520
711,600
672,945
159,386
22,026
4
194
86,647
92,994
5,760
19,518
283
53
81
27,557
2,198
683
114,773
914,149
390,130
306,169
190,012
10,690,955
2,413
33,330,805
18,533,707
0
1,189,078
270
643
18,120,169
9,830,872
45,897,641
33
1,660
3,467
4,016
51,078
17,241
220,001
225,249,801
3,056,164
7,764,984
499,186
415,627
1,357,992
950,601
4,056,624
80
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-46, Continued.
Chemical
1 ,2-Dichloroethylene
Dichloro methane
2,4-Dichlorophenol
1 ,2-Dichloropropane
2,3-Dichloropropene
1 ,3-Dichloropropylene
Dichlorotetrafluoro-
ethane(CFC-114)
Dichlorvos
Dicofol
Diethanolamine
Di-(2-ethyIhexyl)
phthalate
Diethyl phthalate
Diethyl sulfate
3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine
1,1 -Dimethyl hydrazine
2,4-Dimethylphenol
Dimethyl phthalate
Dimethyl sulfate
m-Dinitrobenzene
o-Dinitrobenzene
p-Dinitrobenzene
4,6-Dinitro-o-cresoI
2,4-Dinitrophenol
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
2,6-Dinitrotoluene
Dinitrotoluene
(mixed isomers)
1 ,4-Dioxane
Epichlorohydrin
2-Ethoxyethanol
Ethyl acrylate
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl chloroformate
Ethylene
Ethylene glycol
Ethyleneimine
Ethylene oxide
Ethylene thiourea
Fluometuron
Formaldehyde
Freon 113
Glycol ethers
Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachloro-
1,3-butadiene
Hexachlorocyclo-
pentadiene
Hexachloroethane
Hydrazine
Hydrazine sulfate
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen fluoride
Hydroquinone
Isobutyraldehyde
Isopropyl alcohol
(manufacturing)
4,4'-Isopropylidene-
diphenol
Lead
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
2,101
20,970,440
0
11,000
0
5,432
24,730
0
0
364,972
5,433,203
357,899
5,370,550
0
5
22,356
250
39,542
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
18,262
0
359,015
38,620
3,945,186
0
0
111,764,153
0
0
2,054
0
60,343
3,043,503
4,388,256
0
1
0
0
0
8
0
60,155,970
0
281,413
9,700
200
214,276
0
40,096,726
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
0
3,241,821
0
7
0
1
0
250
0
92,961
237,312
117,137
54
0
0
27,443
28,987
0
0
0
0
1,376
0
300
0
500
738,584
17,837
259,985
1,417,133
9,253,636
0
11,708,800
8,769,553
0
I
0
0
146,580
208,109
13,775,189
0
0
0
910
41,000
30,005
0
8,507,313
253
0
881
691,085
267,089
34,556
7,815
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
522
9,767,007
0
54
599,208
2,257
6,383
3,660
2,271
510,787
434,794
60,813
1,775
0
2,914
16,314
25,816
0
0
0
0
6,122
9,000
0
0
515,660
200,994
947,707
35,069
244,897
1,330,687
0
61,073
9,117,301
0
1,063
5,585
3,460
1,091,750
417,205
3,486,547
77,287
88,709
21,416
9,620
49,801
72,162
0
46,975,777
492
2,254,588
47,558
43,747
116,974
40,193
520,158
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
0
843,209
0
252
0
0
0
0
0
1,130,429
26,901
302,115
457
0
0
5,700
131,086
265
0
0
0
357
0
0
0
6,800
258,084
29,201
391,233
21,310
57,017
0
19
15,071,067
0
95,140
5
30,030
3,464,896
37,045
12,188,571
42
250
14
656
0
1,408
0
19,913,557
281
269,976
110,898
10,402
8,964
32,719
28,085
Transfers to
Disposal
Pounds
0
108,451
250
567
0
0
15
750
250
104,493
1,161,270
13,930
0
0
6
885
4,597
0
0
0
0
6,630
20
10
0
314
61,762
851
3
9,493
128,364
0
128
1,428,386
0
3,589
1,260
9,364
365,516
12,278
791,957
0
648,010
12
0
1,954
4,136
0
13,575,451
2,065
856,706
34,105
0
27,137
365,436
2,142,440
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
33,584
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
750
50,368
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
78,081
0
250
0
0
0
0
750
Total
Transfers
Pounds
2,623
34,964,512
250
11,880
599,208
7,690
31,128
4,660
2,521
2,203,642
7,293,480
851,894
5,372,836
0
2,925
72,698
190,736
39,807
0
0
0
14,485
9,020
310
0
523,274
1,277,686
995,596
1,045,305
1,731,453
14,715,140
0
11,770,020
146,150,460
0
99,793
8,904
42,854
5,129,085
3,718,890
34,680,888
77,329
736,970
21,442
11,186
92,755
107,719
0
149,206,149
3,091
3,662,933
203,142
745,434
634,440
472,904
42,795,974
81
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-46. Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1993 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Numberฎ
58-89-9
108-31-6
12427-38-2
7439-96-5
7439-97-6
67-56-1
72-43-5
109-86-4
96-33-3
1634-04-4
101-14-4
101-68-8
74-95-3
101-77-9
78-93-3
60-34-4
74-88-4
108-10-1
624-83-9
80-62-6
90-94-8
1313-27-5
76-15-3
91-20-3
134-32-7
7440-02-0
7697-37-2
139-13-9
99-59-2
98-95-3
55-63-0
88-75-5
100-02-7
79-46-9
156-10-5
121-69-7
86-30-6
56-38-2
87-86-5
79-21-0
108-95-2
106-50-3
90-43-7
75-44-5
7664-38-2
7723-14-0
85-44-9
88-89-1
1336-36-3
1120-71-4
123-38-6
114-26-1
Chemical
Lead compounds
Undone
Maleic anhydride
Maneb
Manganese
Manganese compounds
Mercury
Mercury compounds
Methanol
Methoxychlor
2-Methoxyethanol
Methyl acrylate
Methyl tert-butyl ether
4,4'-Methylenebis
(2-chloroaniline)
Methylenebis
(phenylisocyanate)
Methylene bromide
4,4'-Methyenedianiline
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl hydrazine
Methyl iodide
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Methyl isocyanate
Methyl methacrylate
Michler's ketone
Molybdenum trioxide
Monochloropentafluoro-
ethane(CFC-llS)
Naphthalene
alpha-Naphthylamine
Nickel
Nickel compounds
Nitric acid
Nitrilotriacetic acid
5-Nitro-o-anisidine
Nitrobenzene
Nitroglycerin
2-Nitrophenol
4-Nitrophenol
2-Nitropropane
p-Nitrosodiphenylamine
N,N-DimethyIaniline
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
Parathion
Pentachlorophenol
Peracetic acid
Phenol
p-Phenylenediamine
2-Phenylphenol
Phosgene
Phosphoric acid
Phosphorus
(yellow or white)
Phthalic anhydride
Picric acid
Polybrominated
biphenyls
Polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs)
Propane sultone
Propionaldehyde
Propoxur
Forms
Number
858
8
206
6
1,286
988
22
13
2,424
4
68
64
141
16
834
7
27
2,418
2
4
1,006
3
251
1
139
13
471
2
1,639
820
1,824
7
1
15
18
5
5
7
2
23
1
3
39
15
676
8
19
33
2,678
51
178
8
1
16
1
21
4
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
216,860
277
61,297
510
362,608
778,095
9,349
2,507
29,407,465
91
497,989
108,933
938,717
10
381,649
42,558
15,313
29,044,598
25
33,233
7,777,025
4,490
600,068
100
124,993
510,058
1,483,665
5
169,431
55,882
802,420
7
5
64,830
554
5
654
39,191
24
3,500
0
1,215
5,673
661
1,929,310
342
25,409
3,035
490,193
25,089
90,810
2
0
0
250
328,204
0
SUck or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
814,284
298
311,018
520
496,504
1,436,529
3,353
914
142,885,516
5
660,857
83,230
2,910,737
5
167,981
13,759
2,961
55,770,325
0
907
17,317,092
1,273
1,728,620
1.442
51,931
49,695
1,186,271
5
152,495
122,998
2,252,954
5
5
7,807
12,545
24
91
9,137
0
17,222
0
5
5,220
2,660
4,804,052
3,177
1,089
2,660
745,085
5,195
389,629
2
0
0
0
130,008
5
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
50,518
0
403
0
243,336
565,650
267
179
10,011,681
5
85,820
442
92,315
0
15
0
291
197,216
0
14
90,214
0
7,992
0
60,169
1,000
31,123
0
38,098
56,096
180,513
6,442
0
309
28,012
7
33
1,200
0
697
0
5
2,541
53
126,951
1,004
57
0
175,861,627
4,987
457
1
0
0
0
56
0
Underground Releases
Injection to Land
Pounds Pounds
1,768
0
5
0
504
8,740
0
15
27,899,963
0
0
130
9,406
0
0
0
9,750
360,927
0
0
131,600
0
260,000
0
202,775
0
79,290
0
11,078
122,160
19,213,898
500
0
309,441
0
0
0
0
5,400
0
0
0
0
0
3,070,279
0
0
5
33,784
5
0
64,294
0
0
0
63,995
0
10,950,924
5
4,062
0
6,650,151
47,671,055
1,801
11
1,719,866
0
2
88
409
0
800,629
0
135
134,162
0
0
76,771
0
2,606
0
11,449
0
48.971
0
427,91 1
2,864,701
421,294
0
0
328
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
255
260
200,076
1,051
255
0
35,491,946
327,654
226
1
0
265
0
0
0
Total
Releases
Pounds
12,034,354
580
376,785
1,030
7,753,103
50,460,069
14,770
3,626
211,924,491
101
1,244,668
192,823
3,951,584
15
1,350,274
56,317
28,450
85,507,228
25
34,154
25,392,702
5,763
2,599,286
1,542
451,317
560,753
2,829,320
10
799,013
3,221,837
22,871,079
6,954
10
382,715
41,361
36
778
49,528
5,424
21,419
0
1,225
13,689
3,634
10,130,668
5,574
26,810
5,700
212,622,635
362,930
481.122
64,300
0
265
250
522,263
5
82
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-46, Continued.
Chemical
Lead compounds
Lindane
Maleic anhydride
Maneb
Manganese
Manganese compounds
Mercury
Mercury compounds
Methanol
Methoxychlor
2-Methoxyethanol
Methyl acrylate
Methyl tert-butyl ether
4,4'-Methylenebis
(2-chloroaniline)
Methylenebis
(phenylisocyanate)
Methylene bromide
4,4'-Methyenedianiline
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl hydrazine
Methyl iodide
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Methyl isocyanate
Methyl methacrylate
Michler's ketone
Molybdenum trioxide
Monochloropentafluoro-
ethane(CFC-115)
Naphthalene
alpha-Naphthylamine
Nickel
Nickel compounds
Nitric acid
Nitrilotriacetic acid
5-Nitro-o-anisidine
Nitrobenzene
Nitroglycerin
2-Nitrophenol
4-Nitrophenol
2-Nitropropane
p-Nitrosodiphenylamine
N,N-Dimethylaniline
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
Parathion
Pentachlorophenol
Peracetic acid
Phenol
p-Phenylenediamine
2-Phenylphenol
Phosgene
Phosphoric acid
Phosphorus
(yellow or white)
Phthalic anhydride
Picric acid
Polybrominated
biphenyls
Polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs)
Propane sultone
Propionaldehyde
Propoxur
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
250,957,268
0
0
0
69,793,000
44,660,637
11,639
12,000
15,803,246
0
320
14,736
49,327
0
400,158
0
0
24,231,204
0
0
22,879,916
0
82,310
0
3,302,529
0
248,531
0
58,272,406
31,855,198
2,206,554
0
0
3,370
0
0
0
3,400
0
0
0
0
1,010
0
869,280
0
0
0
9,106,307
162,841
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
75,387
0
112,033
0
253
23,682
0
0
57,367,176
0
580,965
255,044
657,873
2,148
146,804
750
8,530
45,698,371
0
350
12,169,416
0
1,044,464
216
0
0
1,377,127
0
6,812
6,593
44
0
0
19,340
2
4,592
0
103
15,000
593,413
0
0
40,981
0
2,385,392
0
260
0
1,015
0
4,003,843
0
0
4
0
13,333
0
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
3,400,146
3,992
783,929
260
504,457
3,323,612
1,265
486
37,093,740
15
327,097
17,229
33,893
99
649,007
584
72,400
5,491,598
74
230
1,391,209
0
663,896
0
78,094
0
345,047
0
928,601
1,727,136
11,244,281
0
0
288,124
39,006
42,430
923,001
12,298
0
37,849
474,000
7,847
69,218
110
2,596,690
28,693
0
1,000
1,905,763
27,996
192,250
0
0
857,363
0
1
750
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
111,040
6
2,980
0
29,941
417,667
15
6
94,712,739
0
855,415
8,484
92,030
5
1,881
2,489
2,152
756,561
0
0
636,214
0
265,342
0
34,801
0
24,352
0
99,350
120,342
2,228,420
0
5
118
52
130
245
0
0
164,986
0
0
1,133
3,689
3,817,033
3,830
3,687
0
4,265,830
2,355
5,295
0
0
265
0
1,155
250
Transfers to
Disposal
Pounds
20,259,225
67
25,827
125,841
11,217,507
19,806,033
17,406
55,549
3,332,440
5
16,300
1,595
134,331
750
1,349,736
0
33,676
433,670
0
27
126,372
0
174,215
0
446,634
0
332,257
0
2,359,104
4,818,250
2,608,501
0
0
790
6
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
34,860
0
1,404,159
7,900
1,005
0
2,156,222
5,467
157,425
0
0
164,205
0
3,167
0
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
299
0
0
0
593,559
250
0
0
388
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
18,755
0
0
1,705
0
0
0
4,957
0
0
0
30,333
6,935
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
15,234
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
Transfers
Pounds
274,803,365
4,065
924,769
126,101
82,138,717
68,231,881
30,325
68,041
208,309,729
20
1,780,097
297,088
967,454
3,002
2,547,586
3,823
116,758
76,630,159
74
607
37,204,832
0
2,230,227
216
3,867,015
0
2,327,314
0
61,696,606
38,534,454
18,288,050
0
5
311,742
39,066
47,152
923,250
15,801
15,000
796,248
474,000
7,847
147,202
3,799
11,072,554
40,423
4,952
1,000
17,450,371
198,659
4,358,813
0
0
1,021,837
0
17,656
1,000
83
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-46. Releases and Transfers of All TRI Chemicals, 1993 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Number^
115-07-1
75-55-8
75-56-9
110-86-1
91-22-5
106-51-4
82-68-8
81-07-2
7782-49-2
7440-22-4
100-42-5
96-09-3
7664-93-9
79-34-5
127-18-4
961-11-5
7440-28-0
62-56-6
1314-20-1
7550-45-0
108-88-3
584-84-9
91-08-7
26471-62-5
95-53-4
52-68-6
120-82-1
71-55-6
79-00-5
79-01-6
75-69-4
88-06-2
1582-09-8
95-63-6
51-79-6
7440-62-2
108-05-4
593-60-2
75-01-4
75-35-4
1330-20-7
108-38-3
95-47-6
106-42-3
87-62-7
7440-66-6
Chemical
Propylene
Propyleneimine
Propylene oxide
Pyridine
Quinoline
Quinone
Quintozene
Saccharin
(manufacturing)
Selenium
Selenium compounds
Silver
Silver compounds
Styrene
Styrene oxide
Sulfuric acid
1,1,2,2-Tetra-
chloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachlorvinphos
Thallium
Thiourea
Thorium dioxide
Titanium tetrachloride
Toluene
Toluene-2,4-diiso-
cyanate
Toluene-2,6-diiso-
cyanate
Toluenediisocyanate
(mixed isomers)
o-Toluidine
Trichlorfon
1 ,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
1 , 1 ,2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Trichlorofluoromethane
(CFC-11)
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Trifluralin
1 ,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Urethane
Vanadium (fume or dust)
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Xylene (mixed isomers)
m-Xylene
o-Xylene
p-Xylene
2,6-Xylidine
Zinc (fume or dust)
Zinc compounds
Mixtures and other
trade names
Trade secrets
Total
Forms
Number
323
7
121
31
24
5
8
2
15
45
64
56
1,404
5
5,640
15
474
4
1
26
1
38
3,569
75
42
186
20
3
41
2,073
24
772
203
1
17
699
3
12
154
2
45
24
3,371
61
81
49
5
418
2,463
47
14
79,987
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
13,141,400
24
333,869
49,402
4,344
14,000
1,265
50
334
2,802
4,437
6,476
12,559,401
298
1,866,251
24,640
4,422,676
260
5
857
0
19,012
60,860,617
4,858
2,239
13,803
15,421
5
103,567
32,866,736
104,697
14,488,988
2,645,752
0
12,185
2,345,237
12,200
4,769
1,188,547
257
306,661
58,578
25,653,790
1,236,772
1,310,688
1,268,116
83
830,106
1,501,719
86,411
2,850
490,040,607 1
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
5,763,375
315
790,027
53,474
19,963
2,101
528
251
1,200
74,934
2,643
15,147
20,011,190
46
22,763,591
3,563
6,519,343
270
250
515
0
5,610
116,441,054
54,011
4,456
28,420
2,980
1
159,276
31,199,295
210,700
15,625,125
3,481,936
69
5,475
4,276,394
0
6,407
3,012,385
1,400
707,301
136,746
85,535,823
424,684
641,424
3,170,089
27
850,500
2,814,644
18,952
525
182,087,128
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
175,120
0
6,390
899
50
1,400
0
0
0
557
318
9,069
28,274
0
27,542,946
2,930
10,152
5
0
2,611
0
0
133,248
0
0
0
1,266
7
1,148
10,912
2,030
5,218
1,546
56
10
17,549
0
3,200
1,341
0
277
192
51,944
2,798
1,180
749
387
66,802
1,046,444
5
0
271,152,864
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
5,151
412,200
63,000
0
0
0
0
2,300
210
100
132,607
0
105,872,094
0
15,041
0
0
5,300
0
0
967,496
0
0
0
24,600
0
5,118
2,528
0
460
11
0
0
1,293
0
0
1,408,698
0
0
0
213,157
5
5
5
0
0
176,143
0
0
576,285,233 2
Releases
to Land
Pounds
0
0
6,197
49
196
0
0
0
256
120,271
1,000
20,376
177,580
0
1,552,743
1
618,026
0
755
288
0
100
234,148
0
0
288
7
0
1,781
42,743
5
8,212
1,000
0
5
16,771
0
36,000
1,626
0
6
20
203,182
3,751
1,143
631
0
10,449,577
67,413,392
2,412
0
89,052,581
Total
Releases
Pounds
19,079,895
339
1,141,634
516,024
87,553
17,501
1,793
301
1,790
200,864
8,608
51,168
32,909,052
344
159,597,625
31,134
11,585,238
535
1,010
9,571
0
24,722
178,636,563
58,869
6,695
42,511
44,274
13
270,890
64,122,214
317,432
30,128,003
6,130,245
125
17,675
6,657,244
12,200
50,376
5,612,597
1,657
1,014,245
195,536
111,657,896
1,668,010
1,954,440
4,439,590
497
12,196,985
72,952,342
107,780
3,375
2,808,618,413
84
-------
Chapter 1 1993 TRI Releases and Transfers
Table 1-46, Continued.
Chemical
Propylene
Propyleneimine
Propylene oxide
Pyridine
Quinoline
Quinone
Quintozene
Saccharin
(manufacturing)
Selenium
Selenium compounds
Silver
Silver compounds
Styrene
Styrene oxide
Sulfuric acid
1,1,2,2-Tetra-
chloroe thane
Tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachlorvinphos
Thallium
Thiourea
Thorium dioxide
Titanium tetrachloride
Toluene
Toluene-2,4-diiso-
cyanate
Toluene-2,6-diiso-
cyanate
Toluenediisocyanate
(mixed isomers)
o-Toluidine
Trichlorfon
1 ,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Trichlorofluoromethane
(CFC-11)
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Trifluralin
1 ,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Urethane
Vanadium (fume or dust)
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Xylene (mixed isomers)
m-Xylene
o-Xylene
p-Xylene
2,6-Xylidine
Zinc (fume or dust)
Zinc compounds
Mixtures and other
trade names
Trade secrets
Total
Transfers
to Recycling
Pounds
0
0
0
3,609
3,609
0
0
0
27,911
229,327
643,597
1,450,290
1,074,823
0
1,182,623,222
1,737,712
6,033,800
0
750
0
0
0
31,193,360
81,888
20,497
8,186
0
0
520
14,370,656
12,136,563
6,911,325
244,377
0
0
1,475,226
0
250
826,472
0
151,324
5
36,861,435
27,264
7,223
1,427
0
75,916,019
226,610,466
443,745
397,675
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery
Pounds
2,188,040
0
95,414
184,027
16,015
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,186,338
0
28,498
0
823,490
0
0
0
0
86
80,756,715
16,620
4,746
39,225
41,913
0
30,930
2,322,187
23,308
1,196,826
227,123
0
0
2,976,915
0
0
8,463,013
0
11,613
8
70,497,637
116,095
1,865,351
71,806
0
101,807
281,162
18,662
11,525
3,252,166,922 487,380,037
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
388,948
0
15,534
93,910
1,953
6,776
522,354
25,625
2,984
11,002
7,940
2,229
3,106,473
0
34,382,097
32,733
2,346,817
4,310
0
2,645
0
2,958,898
22,167,766
59,063
340
342,931
29,039
272
623,111
3,568,694
3,995,573
1,806,930
250,238
0
17,628
261,610
0
1,080
1,486,726
0
25,360
162,129
7,004,139
23,518
29,362
16,138
625
661,883
11,016,676
490,154
221,020
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
5
0
25,877
309,895
505
0
505
12
260
212
1,934
6,451
95,736
0
19,188,364
155
111,007
17
5
1,534
0
0
968,612
0
0
10
86,591
0
170,659
60,457
1,600
45,777
614
0
67
219,193
5,900
5
278,715
0
343
201
657,939
33,378
22,262
31,730
0
102,336
522,228
1,151
5
328,074,174 314,350,915
Transfers to
Disposal
Pounds
482
0
9,597
4,977
5,997
0
285
840
3,776
39,415
1,922
14,219
2,064,768
0
39,001,403
80
56,340
8,825
0
2,446
42,000
16
1,151,233
9,938
2,010
14,045
56
0
18,276
267,633
592
232,950
81,821
0
18,856
43,284
46,360
6,405
28,051
0
18,091
1
981,743
100,441
51,219
5,794
0
2,221,024
88,033,585
2,985
0
325,251,442
Other
Off-site
Transfers^
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
5
0
98,209
0
9,709
0
0
0
0
0
91,442
0
0
0
0
0
0
177,907
0
60,207
0
0
0
3,052
0
0
34,000
0
0
0
11,279
0
0
0
0
500
31,666
0
0
1,820,373
Total
Transfers
Pounds
2,577,475
0
146,422
596,418
28,079
6,776
523,144
26,477
34,931
279,961
655,393
1,473,189
11,528,143
0
1,275,321,793
1,770,680
9,381,163
13,152
755
6,625
42,000
2,959,000
136,329,128
167,509
27,593
404,397
157,599
272
843,496
20,767,534
16,157,636
10,254,015
804,173
0
36,551
4,979,280
52,260
7,740
11,116,977
0
206,731
162,344
116,014,172
300,696
1,975,417
126,895
625
79,003,569
326,495,783
956,697
630,225
4,709,043,863
Compound categories do not have CAS numbers ().
Transfers reported without valid waste management codes.
85
-------
-------
Chapter 2
Prevention and Management
of TRI Chemicals in Waste
P
C
i
-------
-------
PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF
TRI CHEMICALS IN WASTE
INTRODUCTION
The Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 (PPA)
requires facilities to report information about the
management of TRI chemicals in waste and
efforts made to eliminate or reduce those
quantities, beginning with the 1991 reporting
year. The PPA also established as national
policy that source reduction, the prevention of
the generation of waste, is the most preferable
approach to managing waste. When it is not
feasible to implement source reduction, the PPA
established as national policy a hierarchy of
waste management. Although pollution
prevention is the preferred method of reducing
risk, environmentally sound recycling shares
many of the advantages of prevention by
reducing the need for treatment or disposal and
conserving energy and natural resources. Where
prevention or recycling are not feasible,
treatment followed by disposal as a last resort
complete the hierarchy. The hierarchy for
making pollution prevention and waste
management decisions is illustrated in Figure
2-1. Although the PPA did not specifically
address the combustion of waste for energy
recovery as a waste management option, EPA
made this activity a specific action in the
hierarchy, recognizing that energy recovery has
aspects of both recycling and treatment.
Throughout this book, data tables present
information in this hierarchical order: recycling,
energy recovery, treatment, and release/disposal.
The information required by the PPA can help
facilities and the public assess progress in the
management of TRI chemicals in waste but
cannot specifically quantify progress in source
reduction. These data can be used to analyze
trends in quantities recycled, combusted for
energy recovery, treated, and released or
disposed of, which can then indicate whether
facilities are reducing waste or moving up the
waste management hierarchy. Trends in the
total quantity of TRI chemicals in waste can
also be assessed. Using the information
reported on efforts to reduce or eliminate the
quantities of TRI chemicals in waste, data users
can assess which industries and facilities are
implementing source reduction and the types of
source reduction activities implemented. Using
DISPOSAL
Figure 2-1. Waste Management Hierarchy.
89
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
the information on how the source reduction
activities were implemented, data users can
assess how opportunities for source reduction
are identified, which can then aid in determining
the more successful routes of delivery for source
reduction information, as well as technology
transfer. The data reported for 1991 provide a
baseline for such assessments.
WHAT WASTE MANAGEMENT
INFORMATION IS COLLECTED?
This information is collected in Section 8 of the
TRI reporting form (see EPA's Form R in
Appendix F) and includes the following
quantities:
quantity released to the environment at the
facility and sent off-site for disposal;
quantity used for energy recovery at the
facility;
quantity sent off-site for energy recovery;
quantity recycled at the facility;
quantity sent off-site for recycling;
quantity treated at the facility; and
quantity sent off-site for treatment.
These quantities are illustrated in Figure 2-2,
and a description of what these quantities should
represent is provided in Box 2-1. The
individual quantities are mutually exclusive to
avoid double-counting of TRI chemicals in
waste. This allows the summation of these
quantities in order to calculate the total quantity
of TRI chemicals in waste from routine
production operations that a facility manages
during the calendar year. For the reporting year
only, facilities are also required to report the
quantity released to the environment at the
facility or transferred off-site due to catastrophic
events or remedial (clean-up) actions occurring
at the facility. This quantity is referred to as
non-production-related waste because it is not
associated with routine production operations at
the facility. Such quantities are considered less
amenable to source reduction because such
quantities cannot be reasonably anticipated by
facilities.
The production-related quantities are reported
not only for the reporting year (1993), but for
the year prior to the reporting year (1992) and
the two years following the reporting year (1994
and 1995). While the quantities reported for
1992 and 1993 are estimates of quantities
already managed, the quantities reported for
1994 and 1995 are projections only. The PPA
requires these projections to encourage facilities
to consider future waste generation and source
reduction of those quantities as well as
movement up the waste management hierarchy.
Future-year estimates are not commitments that
facilities reporting under TRI are required to
meet.
QUANTITIES OF TRI
CHEMICALS IN WASTE
For 1993, a total of 33.5 billion pounds of toxic
chemicals in production-related waste was
reported, compared with 33.3 billion pounds
reported for 1992 and 33.0 billion pounds
reported for 1991. In addition, just over 45
million pounds of non-production-related waste
were reported for 1993, compared to 35 million
pounds for 1992 and 33 million pounds for
1991. The quantities of TRI chemicals in waste
reported for 1991 through 1993, based on the
forms for those years, are compared in Table
2-1.
Figure 2-3 shows the distribution of the total
production-related waste as reported by waste
management activity. Looking at the quantities
aggregated by the hierarchy of waste
management, approximately 49% of the toxic
chemicals in waste (16.516 billion pounds) was
reported as recycled; 10% (3.350 billion
pounds) was reported as combusted for energy
recovery; 31% (10.426 billion pounds) was
90
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
rmm
On-site Releases
and Waste Management
Treatment
Off-site
Waste Management
Energy
Recovery
Figure 2-2. Waste Management Information Collected under TRI.
91
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Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
What Does This Waste Management Information Represent?
Quantity released (Section 8.1 of Form R). This is the total quantity of the toxic chemical that was released
to the environment or disposed of at the facility (directly discharged to air, land, and water, and injected
underground), or sent off-site for disposal. This quantity is the sum of the amounts reported in Sections 5 and 6
of Form R (transfers for disposal only) less any amount(s) associated with non-routine events.
Quantity used for energy recovery on-site (Section 8.2 of Form R). This is the quantity of the toxic
chemical that was combusted in some form of energy recovery device, such as a furnace, including kilns, or a
boiler. The toxic chemical should have a heating value high enough to sustain combustion. To avoid double-
counting, the amount reported represents the amount destroyed in the combustion process, not the amount that
entered the energy recovery unit. For example, 100,000 pounds of toluene entered a boiler that, on average,
combusted 98% of the toluene. Any remaining toluene was discharged to air. A total of 98,000 pounds is
reported as combusted for energy recovery (the remaining 2,000 pounds is reported as released).
Quantity used for energy recovery off-site (Section 8.3 of Form R). This is the quantity of the toxic
chemical that left the facility boundary for energy recovery, not the amount combusted at the off-site location.
The toxic chemical must have a significant heating value, and the off-site location must have some form of
energy recovery unit in place. This quantity includes the amount(s) reported in Section 6 of Form R as
transferred off-site for energy recovery, less any amount(s) associated with non-routine events.
Quantity recycled on-site (Section 8.4 of Form R). This is the quantity of the toxic chemical recovered at
the facility and made available for further use. It is not the quantity that entered an on-site recycling or recovery
operation.
Quantity recycled off-site (Section 8.5 of Form R). This is the quantity of the toxic chemical that left the
facility boundary for recycling, not the amount recovered at the off-site location. This quantity includes the
amount(s) reported in Section 6 of Form R as transferred off-site for recycling, less any amount(s) associated
with non-routine events.
Quantity treated on-site (Section 8.6 of Form R). This is the quantity of the toxic chemical destroyed in
on-site waste treatment operations, not the amount that entered any treatment operation. For example, if
100,000 pounds of benzene were combusted in an incinerator that destroyed 99% of the benzene, the facility
would report 99,000 pounds as treated on-site (the remaining 1,000 pounds would be reported as released).
Quantity treated off-site (Section 8.7 of Form R). This is the quantity of the toxic chemical that left the
facility boundary and was sent to POTWs or other off-site locations for treatment, not the amount that was
destroyed at the off-site location(s). This quantity includes the amount(s) reported in Section 6 of Form R as
transferred to POTWs or other off-site locations for treatment, less any amount(s) associated with non-routine
events.
Quantity released to the environment due to one-time events (Section 8.8 of Form R). This amount is
referred to as non-production-related waste and is the quantity released to the environment or sent off-site for
recycling, energy recovery, treatment, or disposal due to one-time events not associated with routine production
practices. Such events include catastrophic events, such as accidental releases, as well as remedial actions (clean
up). This quantity is separated from the quantities recycled, used for energy recovery, treated, and released, to
allow for distinctions to be made between those quantities that are routinely associated with production opera-
tions and are more amenable to source reduction and those quantities that are not routinely associated with
production processes and are not as amenable to source reduction because they are not readily anticipated. This
separation of quantities is important in assessing progress in source reduction at facilities.
Box 2-1. What Does This Waste Management Information Represent?
92
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Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
Table 2-1. Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, 1991-1993.Q
HIEVENIHN
Management Activity
Recycled On-site
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated On-site
Treated Off-site
Released or Disposed of
Total Production-Related Waste
1991
Quantity
Billions
of Pounds
12.520
2.982
3.143
0.486
9.448
0.714
3.662
32.954
1992
Quantity
Billions
of Pounds
12.196
3.475
3.028
0.478
10.040
0.682
3.425
33.324
1993
Quantity
Billions
of Pounds
13.191
3.325
2.838
0.512
9.768
0.658
3.206
33.498
1992-93
Percent
Change
Percent
8.2
-4.3
-6.3
7.1
-2.7
-3.5
-6.4
0.5
1991-93
Percent
Change
Percent
5.4
11.5
-9.7
5.4
3.4
-7.9
-12.4
1.7
reported as treated; and 10% (3.206 billion
pounds) was reported as released or disposed
into the environment. This indicates that 59%
of the toxic chemicals in waste was reported as
recycled or used beneficially, while the
remaining 41% was reported as either treated or
released to the environment.
Table 2-2 shows the quantities of toxic
chemicals in production-related waste reported
for 1991 through 1995 aggregated at the
national level. The quantities for 1991 are based
on 1992 reports while the quantities for 1992
through 1995 are based on 1993 reports. Table
2-2 indicates an increase in production-related
waste from 1991 to 1993, with a slight decrease
projected for 1994 and an increase projected for
1995. Across those years there is also an
indication that there is some movement up the
waste management hierarchy in that there are
slight decreases in the amounts released and
treated while there are slight increases in the
quantities recycled and combusted for energy
recovery.
Treated Off-site
2.0%
Released or
Disposed of
9.6%
Treated On-site
29.2%
Energy Recovery
Off-site
1.5%
Energy Recovery
On-site
8.5%
Recycled
On-site
39.4%
Recycled
Off-site
9.9%
Figure 2-3. Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste,
by Activity, 1993.
1991 amounts are as reported on the 1991 Form R, 1992 amounts are as reported on the 1992 Form R, and 1993 amounts are as
reported on the 1993 Form R.
93
-------
wmw
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
Table 2-3 shows the quantities reported for 1992
through 1995 on the 1993 reports, but only for
those forms that provided quantities consistently
for all four years. Consistent data means either
zeros or nonzero amounts were reported for all
four years for each waste management activity.
This allows for a consistent comparison to more
accurately see trends in the quantities recycled,
combusted for energy recovery, treated, and
disposed. The quantities of toxic chemicals in
waste between 1992 and 1993 are relatively
stable and are projected to remain at a similar
level in 1994 but are projected to increase
slightly in 1995. Some movement up the waste
management hierarchy is also indicated by
Table 2-3. This is evident through some actual
and projected decreases in the quantities
released and quantities treated and some actual
increases in the quantities recycled on-site.
While movement up the hierarchy is an
improvement in how toxic chemicals in waste
are managed, there is no decrease in the total
amount of waste that must be managed. This
suggests that, on a national scale and without
consideration of increases or decreases in
production, current source reduction efforts are
not reducing the absolute quantities of toxic
chemicals in waste. Further comparison is
necessary, however, to determine if increased
production is responsible for the slightly
increasing quantities of toxic chemicals in waste
rather than a failure in source reduction efforts.
To assist in such a comparison, facilities are
required to provide an indication of changes in
production at the facility. This information can
help to assess the effect that production changes
may have had on the amount of toxic chemicals
generated in waste.
Looking beyond the national aggregates, the
distributions of toxic chemicals in waste by
state, by industry, and by individual toxic
chemical are shown in Tables 2-4 through 2-6.
For the state and industry tables, quantities are
shown for 1992 through 1995 as reported on the
1993 reports.
Tables 2-7 through 2-10 show the top 25 toxic
chemicals (by quantity) in each category of the
waste management hierarchy: recycling, energy
recovery, treatment, and release (including off-
site disposal). Sulfuric acid was reported as
recycled in the greatest quantity, both on-site
and off-site. The amounts of sulfuric acid
recycled on-site and off-site make up 45% and
36%, respectively, of the total amounts of all
TRI chemicals recycled on-site and off-site.
Propylene was reported as combusted for the
purposes of energy recovery in the greatest
quantity on-site while toluene was reported as
sent off-site for the purposes of energy recovery
in the greatest quantity. Sulfuric acid was
reported as treated on-site in the greatest
quantity, while methanol was reported as treated
off-site in the greatest quantity. The top 25
chemicals released (including off-site disposal)
are listed in Table 2-10. Comparing this group
of chemicals to the top 50 chemicals for total
releases on-site (presented in Table 1-24 in
Chapter 1) shows that the same chemicals are in
the top 25 in both lists although in a different
order. The only exception is lead compounds,
which are 24th in Table 2-10 and 34th in Table
1-24. The rankings of the chemicals in the
tables are sometimes different due to the
inclusion of off-site disposal in the quantities
released as reported in Section 8 of Form R and
presented in this chapter.
94
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Chapter 2Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
HIEVEMM
Table 2-2. Actual and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, 1991-1995.ฉ
Management Activity
1991 1992 1993
Pounds Percent Pounds Percent Pounds Percent
Projected DataQ
1994 1995
Pounds Percent Pounds Percent
Recycled On-site
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated On-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released/
Disposed of
Total Production-
Related Waste
12,198,437,150 37.2 12,165,834,089 37.0 13,191,306,508 39.4
2,991,691,233 9.1 3,190,769,161 9.7 3,324,614,075 9.9
3,060,364,957 9.3 3,136,788,296 9.5 2,838,344,940 8.5
450,135,521 1.4 454,009,875 1.4 511,774,941 1.5
9,842,152,388 30.0 9,883,578,297 30.1 9,768,273,293 29.2
682,497,196 2.1 700,349,754 2.1 657,785,097 2.0
3,529,762,296 10.8 3,353,178,648 10.2 3,206,362,816 9.6
32,755,040,741 100.0 32,884,508,120 100.0 33,498,461,670 100.0
13,678,882,442 40.9 13,709,975,050 40.3
3,328,052,754 10.0 3,549,835,273 10.4
3,022,790,837 9.0 3,202,534,563 9.4
467,934,508 1.4 442,052,865 1.3
9,597,823,990 28.7 9,854,704,711 29.0
601,207,650 1.8 568,596,402 1.7
2,750,842,449 8.2 2,658,806,401 7.8
33,447,534,630 100.0 33,986,505,265 100.0
Table 2-3. Actual and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, 1992-1995, Based on 1993 Forms
Reporting Consistent Data.Q
Management Activity
Recycled On-site
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated On-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released/
Disposed of
Total Production-
Related Waste
1992
Pounds Percent
5,552,505,309 27.0
1,927,280,056 9.4
2,437,315,722 11.8
248,302,010 1.2
7,608,138,881 37.0
515,719,193 2.5
2,285,873,757 11.1
20,575,134,928 100.0
1993
Pounds Percent
6,315,926,518 30.9
1,733,835,803 8.5
2,125,817,393 10.4
254,882,169 1.2
7,433,885,675 36.3
439,919,932 2.2
2,155,317,927 10.5
20,459,585,417 100.0
Projected Dataฉ
1994 1995
Pounds Percent Pounds Percent
6,421,446,139 31.3 6,516,040,425 30.9
1,793,289,646 8.7 1,994,998,552 9.5
2,225,004,600 10.9 2,349,318,460 11.1
248,388,131 1.2 241,972,306 1.1
7,427,654,922 36.2 7,646,190,514 36.3
453,427,721 2.2 435,654,704 2.1
1,930,065,247 9.4 1,887,475,928 9.0
20,499,276,406 1 00.0 2 1 ,07 1 ,650,889 1 00.0
1991 amounts are as reported for the previous year on 1992 Form R. All other years are as reported on the 1993 Form R.
Data for 1994 and 1995 are projections reported by the facilities. As projections, those quantities do not represent estimates of
actual quantities for the 1994 or 1995 reporting years.
All data as reported on the 1993 Form R. The data in this table represent those forms that consistently reported data either by
entering a quantity or a zero for each year and each management activity or by leaving the management activity blank for all
four years.
95
-------
nmm
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
Table 2-4. Actual and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, by State, 1992-1995 (Alphabetically
Ordered).
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Yearฉ
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
269,082,290
309,718,033
332,883,271
334,550,366
8,799
7,846
7,450
7.400
0
0
0
0
455,229,533
462,984,713
467,198,543
480,675,788
80,144,155
81,577,547
78,478,549
77,776,959
100,324,406
191,645,057
183,574,985
182,964,221
19,602,806
36,897,317
23,733,953
18,350,459
203,674,173
133,850,127
130,251,258
55,178,644
36,374,540
25,772,082
27,510,121
31,775,212
122,145,397
107,901,931
130,201,429
130,814,700
371,415,506
365,096,845
373,582,721
376,622,957
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
41,946,647
47,054,489
41,577,691
47,707,931
242,373
450,043
172,000
0
0
0
0
0
24,601,160
47,052,211
45,861,877
45,852,691
49,225,624
61,067,846
70,706,345
79,791,879
135,337,882
233,537,463
228,823,467
230,456,402
9,395,383
10,569,562
11,169,752
11,777,852
24,215,600
25,923,236
25,477,904
26,008,567
7,756,176
16,313,872
16,964,925
17,978,911
22,810,915
22,460,351
20,551,348
19,031,691
57,642,194
60,640,786
62,119,708
55,299,890
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
69,974,467
62,705,886
67,846,804
70,900,497
1,322,000
1,322,000
1,322,000
1,122,000
0
0
0
0
362,390
302,302
319,311
385,714
33,182,107
22,201,299
32,511,692
26,707,322
207,661,072
293,336,341
297,416,190
303,160,408
8,477,400
4,480,008
4,580,000
4,580,000
5,737,514
6,005,655
5,766,232
4,920,103
164,768
169,638
196,765
201,860
40,746,163
38,152,869
54,385,290
59,200,596
50,000,586
43,576,621
45,880,044
47,421,544
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
11,773,889
11,174,282
8,197,369
8,313,037
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
886,695
845,633
941,719
917,026
5,106,666
6,016,661
5,918,287
5,894,828
9,395,520
9,222,321
8,648,210
8,564,374
1,946,672
3,910,247
4,830,395
3,510,183
4,603,529
4,143,072
2,232,235
1,965,132
1,337,705
461,997
560,827
549,862
15,570,536
15,942,126
15,553,331
14,393,895
6,931,084
7,190,167
6,461,560
7,267,563
96
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Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
PMVEPaWN
Table 2-4.
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Yearฉ
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
Treated
On-site
Pounds
588,126,030
664,259,530
665,877,448
715,442,977
3,320,827
2,389,267
1,118,500
1,122,700
0
0
0
0
51,546,102
48,975,801
49,371,618
50,652,068
177,159,771
175,483,666
174,789,644
166,944,633
328,998,182
347,862,404
226,533,119
268,766,097
20,417,262
24,111,848
25,555,504
25,250,336
59,335,327
82,750,409
77,067,253
75,528,014
67,964,896
93,420,993
98,530,976
99,709,529
190,472,910
224,523,993
214,223,097
233,121,046
302,965,668
308,075,931
317,118,817
323,265,971
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
12,558,462
11,804,744
8,617,508
10,408,589
3,071
1,870
1,764
1,645
0
5,250
0
0
6,496,204
2,928,514
3,011,524
3,041,471
1,669,108
2,199,695
1,839,379
1,370,013
29,134,345
28,012,413
23,633,279
20,560,843
3,267,017
4,223,400
2,697,104
2,733,984
6,644,697
7,930,408
6,585,106
6,497,251
3,132,203
4,013,323
3,552,939
3,503,765
17,093,333
13,627,153
16,249,840
16,281,791
7,127,026
6,433,928
6,562,962
6,316,653
Quantity
Released/
Disposed of
Pounds
114,014,652
113,308,911
107,352,163
104,247,523
14,878,407
8,323,860
6,918,811
6,047,542
11,240
35,200
13,000
11,500
45,582,649
13,615,521
13,811,400
13,387,452
44,737,129
39,820,445
35,992,179
34,829,031
80,056,548
69,521,203
62,067,047
56,957,513
6,074,890
6,254,853
5,836,699
5,198,509
17,225,854
16,252,610
11,863,119
8,791,735
5,437,078
5,014,786
4,759,925
4,486,997
86,992,823
69,749,246
72,876,047
77,846,922
62,493,607
54,869,516
52,789,604
50,805,593
Total Production-
Related
Waste
Pounds
1,107,476,437
1,220,025,875
1,232,352,254
1,291,570,920
19,775,477
12,494,886
9,540,525
8,301,287
11,240
40,450
13,000
11,500
584,704,733
576,704,695
580,515,992
594,912,210
391,224,560
388,367,159
400,236,075
393,314,665
890,907,955
1,173,137,202
1,030,696,297
1,071,429,858
69,181,430
90,447,235
78,403,407
71,401,323
321,436,694
276,855,517
259,243,107
178,889,446
122,167,366
145,166,691
152,076,478
158,206,136
495,832,077
492,357,669
524,040,382
550,690,641
858,575,671
845,883,794
864,515,416
867,000,171
Non-Production-
Related
Waste
Pounds
846,137
231,750
2,000
9,680
97,439
451,865
3,215
315,812
19,711
74,202
567,572
97
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Waste
Table 2-4. Actual and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, by State, 1992-1995 (Alphabetically
Ordered), Continued.
State
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Yearฉ
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
3,249
15,261
17,602
17,140
179,813
348,152
1,169,571
1,464,013
159,188,132
188,046,274
194,750,165
193,003,258
270,162,801
256,173,412
241,991,805
241,488,421
44,660,699
40,515,195
56,316,188
52,400,384
578,126,146
558,339,954
442,793,410
344,517,874
149,749,331
187,325,614
193,327,738
195,957,851
724,014,369
890,698,079
972,121,792
1,033,350,181
7,601,918
7,305,310
7,154,514
7,570,532
66,382,638
41,917,634
24,924,537
24,875,340
26,843,242
26,131,288
19,816,992
19,798,658
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
26,749
39,130
40,000
40,000
322,476
515,367
568,540
551,810
132,551,441
135,561,210
128,549,450
128,279,158
393,456,314
438,735,733
442,644,490
466,447,253
20,207,268
24,644,224
29,921,185
32,951,780
36,281,675
40.527,481
43,826,773
44,307,571
69,525,749
66,652,900
73,118,595
78,515,670
243,836,277
121,701,588
128,491,794
135,290,742
5,169,174
5,411,587
5,501,132
5,324,108
93,090,648
54,775,776
54,251,942
50,757,330
21,312,194
24,974,852
22,511,266
21,886,975
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
1,600,000
1,800,000
1,900,000
2,000,000
0
455,000
507,000
557,000
36,325,659
35,991,832
40,295,239
36,303,853
59,508,798
40,722,982
42,713,520
67,922,360
1,737,759
1,992,536
2,032,666
1,980,869
531,673,874
284,883,893
300,534,972
379,059,330
45,062,250
56,599,125
46,463,242
44,476,028
365,463,694
252,891,322
245,328,372
260,035,485
16,427,663
11,602,689
12,125,305
13,011,998
8,971,453
9,483,555
10,121,915
10,664,111
9,417,647
10,234,202
10,803,938
10,371,543
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
0
0
0
0
269,299
248,891
267,799
278,906
40,901,364
45,679,600
42,979,635
39,112,218
19,015,553
17,343,701
18,048,672
11,299,657
3,505,365
4,578,480
4,241,053
4,254,704
2,607,070
2,342,841
2,392,338
1,937,282
6,688,539
9,251,654
7,511,707
7,628,812
6,715,193
6,929,669
6,154,363
5,270,561
464,561
594,469
481,573
433,957
1,140,118
2,565,513
1,272,435
1,256,951
8,571,730
8,089,194
7,284,571
6,572,751
98
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Waste
Table 2-4, Cont.
State
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Yearฉ
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92 1
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
Treated
On-site
Pounds
5,653,605
5,664,617
5,657,045
5,648,720
26,021,292
29,372,162
23,332,731
23,003,541
411,114,015
452,098,889
454,065,155
455,750,666
278,112,826
308,225,138
234,551,843
253,516,518
79,120,380
88,536,759
94,621,964
93,582,447
58,335,447
54,519,636
58,629,364
59,331,474
229,115,062
222,529,438
228,051,820
231,186,461
,023,334,547
945,773,032
914,191,655
928,485,645
70,820,819
73,028,556
74,689,145
75,189,553
335,091,823
290,167,768
271,694,402
271,895,192
44,276,368
44,613,714
43,395,752
44,948,393
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
5,222
5,076
5,012
5,012
2,156,216
2,193,896
1,329,241
1,050,319
79,753,205
76,593,706
67,649,701
59,111,459
44,448,871
35,946,646
33,600,818
31,748,688
10,131,225
11,067,473
11,878,621
13,214,742
6,536,929
6,096,508
5,771,663
5,578,346
11,491,774
11,400,625
9,579,654
9,305,549
8,781,010
5,635,812
5,302,649
5,343,318
695,333
902,354
911,866
729,936
6,580,783
7,462,204
7,452,964
7,731,213
9,286,893
9,358,166
8,197,244
7,764,344
Quantity
Released/
Disposed of
Pounds
916,286
733,298
698,225
700,279
7,989,353
7,264,793
6,107,533
6,518,249
142,706,598
141,047,586
117,388,471
100,425,530
145,670,634
112,152,985
96,346,122
92,033,809
35,996,106
33,097,199
32,192,495
28,569,050
94,291,381
46,173,740
35,853,140
30,100,422
100,132,160
39,574,736
36,565,246
34,234,424
468,202,894
452,786,215
214,008,886
216,319,184
15,645,531
12,638,376
11,425,768
10,695,633
13,146,664
13,391,686
11,880,203
11,561,553
13,646,422
12,701,574
10,006,826
8,998,813
Total Production-
Related
Waste
Pounds
8,205,111
8,257,382
8,317,884
8,411,151
36,938,449
40,398,261
33,282,415
33,423,838
1,002,540,414
1,075,019,097
1,045,677,816
1,011,986,142
1,210,375,797
1,209,300,597
1,109,897,270
1,164,456,706
195,358,802
204,431,866
231,204,172
226,953,976
1,307,852,522
992,884,053
889,801,660
864,832,299
611,764,865
593,334,092
594,618,002
601,304,795
2,840,347,984
2,676,415,717
2,485,599,511
2,584,095,116
116,824,999
111,483,341
112,289,303
112,955,717
524,404,127
419,764,136
381,598,398
378,741,690
133,354,496
136,102,990
122,016,589
120,341,477
Non-Production-
Related
Waste
Pounds
10
422,605
329,964
1,029,984
141,992
299,817
136,651
1,545,084
15,226
13,880
60,880
99
-------
KEVEMMN
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
Table 2-4. Actual and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, by State, 1992-1995 (Alphabetically
Ordered), Continued.
State
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
Yearฉ
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
151,764,340
180,197,640
249,818,671
236,712,208
101,288,551
107,378,603
112,491,593
117,873,156
4,236,333,578
4,056,877,520
4,275,046,713
4,280,893,914
149,298,186
161,724,971
160,428,524
166,840,080
54,651,308
38,598,872
38,018,935
38,018,975
31,170,550
91,742,615
85,647,639
85,486,015
5,069,513
5,257,550
10,296,409
10,298,233
22,777,519
20,824,046
14,256,017
13,971,665
127,100,814
80,113,034
79,442,023
82,561,491
261,735
190,599
179,724
164,918
220,155,653
192,461,269
178,679,485
179,941,421
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
191,941,982
165,182,991
167,949,828
184,624,294
30,793,871
17,368,872
17,452,651
18,837,780
66,639,307
255,889,851
233,345,478
224,675,554
42,994,874
48,441,334
49,541,589
48,097,857
2,459,538
1,940,916
1,954,040
1,962,340
22,091,612
21,494,392
21,147,098
20,725,616
456,279
450,092
376,392
371,392
6,624,440
7,332,886
8,085,002
7,867,724
99,224,186
95,791,722
86,720,352
87,031,162
245,301
384,349
158,569
130,345
67,411,641
78,486,821
69,771,685
62,821,085
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
65,442,273
53,475,322
57,213,220
63,869,477
8,300,830
13,388,944
11,490,378
11,469,390
17,553,331
28,395,095
80,073,850
80,178,840
262,156,514
229,861,700
236,647,041
238,773,541
7,733,900
6,209,700
6,629,700
6,682,800
2,834,737
3,086,329
2,954,867
2,958,522
0
0
0
0
2,507,317
1,168,673
1,600,254
1,693,161
17,138,413
18,265,525
18,226,614
18,166,521
18,896,000
36,632,683
36,656,493
36,681,293
19,339,898
22,002,172
23,910,776
24,482,718
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
49,629,817
70,384,862
61,479,715
60,661,990
4,812,172
5,446,555
5,160,721
5,095,783
3,455,963
3,863,667
3,517,172
3,135,570
8,873,982
17,679,104
18,008,836
18,042,417
105,079
72,664
46,047
18,697
1,086,215
768,066
703,961
681,687
12,769
4,579
6,085
6,085
403,534
468,663
400,008
291,709
27,936,451
28,614,453
26,947,059
26,181,740
206,970
170,460
188,904
217,289
10,101,953
7,568,469
7,454,831
6,540,824
100
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
mww
Table 2-4, Cont.
State
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
Yearฉ
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
Treated
On-site
Pounds
335,591,022
339,528,010
339,093,741
382,606,057
55,905,728
60,906,675
58,022,251
57,869,250
184,279,817
169,213,374
168,373,794
168,283,011
102,878,328
103,074,087
109,788,427
110,670,582
27,938,558
31,840,370
33,894,540
34,115,940
15,029,290
17,981,433
17,142,729
16,924,254
20,636,540
11,581,009
4,883,029
3,122,459
23,909,679
16,389,263
17,273,702
16,540,355
259,939,623
247,110,337
218,324,235
209,510,010
2,628,437
8,974,271
9,805,165
10,468,819
230,637,578
226,696,817
217,678,186
209,403,491
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
26,395,869
31,126,087
20,609,664
20,694,427
7,931,737
8,054,308
7,799,757
7,861,525
2,763,262
3,887,220
4,374,104
4,110,205
28,317,898
28,703,585
28,792,439
29,356,034
38,304
37,965
30,012
25,012
2,777,999
3,866,756
13,806,331
3,701,504
26,869
23,788
23,438
22,172
988,675
808,091
614,774
505,451
48,272,345
43,043,954
39,638,687
35,462,275
210,111
335,828
364,463
417,301
16,279,928
15,014,935
14,013,069
13,793,737
Quantity
Released/
Disposed of
Pounds
98,940,478
108,420,893
104,984,907
100,599,639
29,675,691
25,301,149
22,516,965
20,686,616
112,744,908
116,165,073
109,428,378
105,606,203
56,961,142
53,663,260
50,622,364
49,020,154
43,883,304
45,225,864
44,458,260
44,464,260
24,608,194
54,572,033
22,885,635
23,579,377
3,799,102
8,382,310
3,896,684
3,851,210
5,923,152
4,323,117
3,304,713
2,744,749
29,549,859
26,912,649
23,780,591
22,165,830
20,359,084
23,962,490
22,589,541
23,603,746
61,357,593
53,048,112
45,525,241
40,217,679
Total Production-
Related
Waste
Pounds
919,705,781
948,315,805
1,001,149,746
1,049,768,092
238,708,580
237,845,106
234,934,316
239,693,500
4,623,770,166
4,634,291,800
4,874,159,489
4,866,883,297
651,480,924
643,148,041
653,829,220
660,800,665
136,809,991
123,926,351
125,031,534
125,288,024
99,598,597
193,511,624
164,288,260
154,056,975
30,001,072
25,699,328
19,482,037
17,671,551
63,134,316
51,314,739
45,534,470
43,614,814
609,161,691
539,851,674
493,079,561
481,079,029
42,807,638
70,650,680
69,942,859
71,683,711
625,284,244
595,278,595
557,033,273
537,200,955
Non-Production-
Related
Waste
Pounds
790,619
62,230
114,068
724,503
509
86,934
950
13,654
797,548
1,606
82,048
101
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Waste
Table 2-4. Actual and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, by State, 1992-1995 (Alphabetically
Ordered), Continued.
State
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Yearฉ
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
185,091,281
336,747,571
350,901,654
382,058,286
34,364
12,136
11,605
11,149
664,951,958
584,105,466
605,330,789
690,079,577
25,171,663
106,293,704
103,726,635
104,035,002
44,766,833
41,951,929
44,320,822
53,958,672
514,973,921
566,369,620
573,137,263
572,398,519
23,781,352
25,748,447
26,300,159
26,057,837
12,669,580
12,673,871
12,613,968
12,723,487
174,631,930
230,873,968
218,230,262
236,804,039
103,392
36,869,073
36,875,544
36,883,172
153,848,222
186,797,678
172,216,008
164,642,770
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
122,147,483
101,640,107
103,757,485
104,263.817
98,290
218,670
240,400
240,400
205,648,130
195,565,483
185,978,692
190,338,687
18,573,141
21,667,450
21,605,292
21,818,264
13,007,724
15,006,783
8,757,318
8,490,367
198,090,312
220,706,446
221,369,084
221,123,435
9,941,923
14,576,692
14,757,086
13,911,369
11,096,651
11,730,820
13,802,729
14,656,734
88,568,308
100,271,991
100,167,222
263,576,230
273,294
305,646
306,007
244,760
60,665,522
44,263,690
48,964,554
51,873,098
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
21,015,277
30,474,428
33,196,847
33,991,939
0
0
0
0
109,469,146
108,816,233
116,491,466
123,026,503
21,099,695
5,490,915
5,465,460
5,465,460
16,055,485
9,065,600
9,299,022
9,297,812
94,674,903
145,315,397
162,133,292
167,778,673
54,442
840
852
877
282,411
275,643
275,668
268,061
119,249,606
99,260,569
97,827,920
99,915,334
0
766,600
1,001,000
1,053,300
54,751,320
64,026,756
63,852,277
65,252,657
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
11,371,403
10,648,681
8,871,276
9,522,127
59,872
46,780
14,539
13,439
33,606,703
30,474,063
29,503,402
29,328,096
1,114,231
2,694,434
2,307,119
2,046,898
698,779
594,817
508,030
486,245
17,836,265
20,647,161
17,980,644
15,182,649
7,785,957
8,219,197
7,385,361
7,629,301
400,643
477,296
499,408
517,732
8,890,845
10,000,711
8,089,436
7,475,453
237,029
219,835
229,207
252,762
8,658,706
10,062,543
9,926,119
8,495,426
102
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
Table 2-4, Cont.
State
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Yearฉ
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
Treated
On-site
Pounds
423,638,211
343,734,953
361,693,294
351,098,035
1,967,104
1,852,227
1,822,272
1,824,037
344,583,226
355,746,794
356,119,407
348,363,296
58,062,320
55,346,032
56,149,639
53,308,685
82,542,229
84,704,004
89,062,186
90,596,270
295,069,833
319,930,074
345,310,055
346,554,098
29,639,012
30,262,873
25,444,155
27,233,806
17,939,264
14,036,665
13,530,167
14,529,348
170,426,858
179,672,997
171,152,694
172,673,275
36,834,686
28,950,940
37,949,017
37,873,301
314,308,417
199,627,169
212,521,327
215,587,073
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
11,048,205
13,354,676
13,154,078
12,751,254
197,412
248,631
229,480
203,298
51,071,815
63,328,542
42,071,458
38,648,788
4,279,566
3,044,430
2,822,094
2,597,934
4,699,646
5,966,186
5,615,886
5,570,359
42,357,703
34,715,622
34,254,249
34,394,849
13,231,264
11,054,325
11,793,010
11,254,412
837,889
861,538
852,256
787,988
9,013,609
9,596,143
8,829,628
8,151,584
227,008
244,742
130,068
133,016
22,939,409
23,303,089
20,694,988
20,407,336
Quantity
Released/
Disposed of
Pounds
112,315,551
96,392,855
90,905,794
87,880,811
1,806,473
1,551,454
1,539,486
1,556,058
174,815,469
239,638,870
214,204,943
211,470,555
30,103,892
29,899,122
25,722,144
23,380,820
19,794,018
20,246,406
16,367,542
18,925,354
83,629,544
88,619,047
83,840,051
77,311,274
14,953,476
13,637,276
12,083,310
10,779,214
5,631,341
6,102,675
4,226,306
3,447,931
65,540,972
61,199,857
55,660,731
52,949,204
3,197,858
2,120,588
1,843,262
1,619,772
206,226,626
199,190,387
193,211,331
191,718,484
Total Production-
Related
Waste
Pounds
886,627,411
932,993,271
962,480,428
981,566,269
4,163,515
3,929,898
3,857,782
3,848,381
1,584,146,447
1,577,675,451
1,549,700,157
1,631,255,502
158,404,508
224,436,087
217,798,383
212,653,063
181,564,714
177,535,725
173,930,806
187,325,079
1,246,632,481
1,396,303,367
1,438,024,638
1,434,743,497
99,387,426
103,499,650
97,763,933
96,866,816
48,857,779
46,158,508
45,800,502
46,931,281
636,322,128
690,876,236
659,957,893
841,545,119
40,873,267
69,477,424
78,334,105
78,060,083
821,398,222
727,271,312
721,386,604
717,976,844
Non-Production-
Related
Waste
Pounds
354,593
0
1,128,602
2,072,186
12,170
24,777,525
12,912
357
54,657
0
323,422
103
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
Table 2-4. Actual and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, by State, 1992-1995 (Alphabetically
Ordered), Continued.
State
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Yearฉ
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
913,570,960
1,455,264,311
1,540,741,541
1,539,629,848
8,741,741
9,327,258
41,083,897
39,171,443
6,521,259
4,369,696
85,694
61,400
634,700
3,166,678
131,471,700
131,471,700
166,547,322
143,775,812
151,030,804
157,211,030
92,995,274
89,315,039
86,394,295
85,663,744
315,417,488
339,013,912
315,940,782
320,489,265
74,798,065
93,062,628
84,702,241
63,040,824
1,797,094
77,933,321
77,654,452
77,660,852
12,165,834,089
13,191,306,508
13,678,882,442
13,709,975,050
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
320,197,333
253,635,947
278,250,566
279,774,552
32,194,765
34,067,194
35,127,535
34,830,300
3,908,295
3,928,848
1,929,280
1,230,046
765,194
683,150
672,000
686,500
25,068,861
26,876,337
27,265,693
27,988,438
74,484,946
62,201,182
74,893,690
75,359,598
36,968,167
31,879,366
31,464,101
32,995,640
49,164,035
53,948,828
49,323,274
50,959,330
69,837
65,512
67,878
70,348
3,190,769,161
3,324,614,075
3,328,052,754
3,549,835,273
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
619,949,646
592,792,956
639,607.885
666,377,165
13,121
8,843
46,800
51,480
0
4,600
8,000
8,000
0
969,485
1,070,000
1,090,000
44,192,331
49,642,452
51,755,341
52,196,347
100,456,758
121,694,471
122,265,626
123,059,527
8,069,842
8,873,228
10,363,118
12,859,920
11,497,736
9,247,266
9,456,133
10,682,184
236,100
222,760
220,440
220,440
3,136,788,296
2,838,344,940
3,022,790,837
3,202,534,563
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
82,133,313
80,638,422
74,465,510
71,789,509
334,893
345,021
204,000
215,996
155,041
190,002
110,000
86,000
0
434
500
450
8,653,620
7,569,381
7,040,339
6,285,419
751,767
650,251
593,688
551,459
9,718,892
15,221,600
9,561,183
8,951,959
7,545,710
21,498,205
22,749,264
22,922,390
213
4,047
4,065
4,065
454,009,875
511,774,941
467,934,508
442,052,865
104
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
PREVENHIN
Table 2-4, Cont.
State
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Treated
Year0 On-site
Pounds
92 1,525,000,783
93 1,459,996,156
94 1,441,013,751
95 1,489,704,130
92 129,374,886
93 132,037,344
94 121,074,444
95 70,977,509
92 7,577,669
93 7,111,033
94 7,418,500
95 7,414,500
92 203,170
93 868,391
94 283,100
95 294,400
92 318,746,379
93 314,038,019
94 364,146,396
95 443,665,914
92 207,880,630
93 194,022,800
94 195,360,923
95 196,571,303
92 185,736,966
93 188,819,968
94 201,754,421
95 204,142,109
92 122,045,933
93 135,543,066
94 146,429,321
95 158,195,143
92 1,322,962
93 2,292,591
94 2,242,270
95 2,242,270
92 9,883,578,297
93 9,768,273,293
94 9,597,823,990
95 9,854,704,711
Quantity
Treated Released/
Off-site Disposed of
Pounds Pounds
90,544,039 363,298,424
57,750,114 379,417,001
54,940,462 390,735,462
54,434,751 382,308,659
1,325,512 84,437,180
1,213,026 96,761,862
1,452,848 90,483,916
1,555,570 91,460,134
472,950 773,306
285,790 796,710
234,972 655,884
169,363 542,159
50 1,590,223
6,952 1,730,938
9,350 2,179,006
9,600 2,282,506
20,088,099 69,368,494
18,229,843 66,269,881
17,184,999 61,111,318
17,110,511 58,724,410
7,357,856 24,789,445
7,969,867 24,700,112
8,181,487 23,180,320
8,716,715 22,407,124
4,201,982 27,809,346
8,399,663 28,148,692
8,442,453 26,327,572
9,610,425 25,939,874
15,455,489 45,038,600
15,447,844 45,035,236
15,813,311 41,916,501
13,837,078 41,298,570
4,327 14,406,997
18,393 16,598,558
2,997 13,901,382
2,997 13,496,762
700,349,754 3,353,178,648
657,785,097 3,206,362,816
601,207,650 2,750,842,449
568,596,402 2,658,806,401
Total Production-
Related
Waste
Pounds
3,914,694,498
4,279,494,907
4,419,755,177
4,484,018,614
256,422,098
273,760,548
289,473,440
238,262,432
19,408,520
16,686,679
10,442,330
9,511,468
3,193,337
7,426,028
135,685,656
135,835,156
652,665,106
626,401,725
679,534,890
763,182,069
508,716,676
500,553,722
510,870,029
512,329,470
587,922,683
620,356,429
603,853,630
614,989,192
325,545,568
373,783,073
370,390,045
360,935,519
17,837,530
97,135,182
94,093,484
93,697,734
32,884,508,120
33,498,461,670
33,447,534,630
33,986,505,265
Non-Production-
Related
Waste
Pounds
3,810,997
2,935,016
0
49,557
35,016
8,206
142,322
208,710
0
45,216,393
1992 and 1993 data are actual amounts reported on 1993 Form Rs; 1994 and 1995 data are facilities' projections reported on
1993 Form Rs.
105
-------
wmm
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
Table 2-5. Actual and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, by Industry, 1992-1995.
SIC
Code
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Industry
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
YearQ
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
31,902,636
34,092,056
37,312,803
27,583,999
54,925,473
4,064,745
0
0
11,053,359
10,324,143
10,790,415
11,152,313
175,317
162,529
148,474
122,782
18,580,857
54,769,623
53,141,243
50,568,414
2,350,476
4,027,882
3,968,241
3,727,253
214,381,647
226,235,417
206,979,124
201,820,419
181,169,539
187,677,229
190,110,578
194,389,362
7,582,458,218
8,297,900,012
8,704,438,238
8,862,289,546
344,419,749
467,991,921
588,100,675
587,778,728
299,278,661
299,153,755
183,709,638
84,508,950
928,320
858,199
913,025
1,017,357
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
1,203,805
1,268,438
1,386,077
1,202,451
0
196,422
0
0
1,438,556
1,238,792
1,037,477
1,127,370
283,727
127,639
114,500
114,500
939,109
923,924
831,793
821,006
3,325,765
4,301,473
4,034,504
3,927,800
3,216,452
3,782,179
3,294,609
3,083,031
6,589,494
5,651,858
5,260,251
5,126,031
489,613,416
456,724,671
457,488,055
617,884,954
724,908,848
773,654,105
788,029,123
793,160,510
16,713,661
17,264,320
21,575,027
18,280,610
416,805
287,049
313,584
322,833
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
136,817
170,599
196,593
203,776
0
0
0
0
4,528,937
4,625,963
4,618,347
4,657,737
0
0
0
0
1,672,742
1,717,836
1,675,189
1,637,551
181,092
173,833
176,836
174,946
244,564,730
211,165,880
222,902,749
228,917,581
193,386
112,411
86,570
38,800
1,099,920,746
958,828,808
1,005,256,333
1,043,588,589
696,707,167
571,545,039
551,635,374
551,697,297
12,158,859
15,158,412
16,164,952
18,552,537
0
0
0
0
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
124,597
137,791
163,455
128,250
0
3,800
0
0
1,381,189
1,405,891
1,313,740
1,185,233
403,824
429,501
340,673
338,293
2,769,515
3,132,717
2,738,414
2,552,477
6,854,886
6,861,685
6,359,997
5,442,589
7,638,826
8,311,791
7,603,992
7,032,348
4,385,377
4,034,850
3,525,949
3,401,925
329,408,076
371,219,308
340,154,926
328,887,744
918,717
1,128,478
5,929,426
312,821
10,971,423
11,100,023
9,508,937
8,804,402
457,103
356,512
259,567
197,422
106
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
Table 2-5.
SIC
Code
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Industry
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
YearQ
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
Treated
On-site
Pounds
265,079,393
283,045,352
279,395,966
275,265,167
1,260,317
716,107
538,830
564,630
53,604,350
58,503,183
63,887,822
62,707,690
308,238
435,937
331,732
338,356
4,628,447
5,538,348
4,961,522
5,032,408
2,228,702
1,939,735
2,108,200
2,158,654
1,679,966,296
1,581,812,950
1,584,134,540
1,558,751,891
34,479,938
51,650,855
60,880,641
72,913,248
4,741,652,942
4,741,276,040
4,728,501,934
4,936,677,773
331,435,983
333,319,549
299,706,484
299,246,683
65,324,599
61,699,513
65,822,122
66,067,710
23,633,820
25,831,947
26,041,281
26,251,865
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
33,714,897
38,515,365
37,619,752
38,254,807
3,952
55,735
36,600
47,628
6,163,746
6,570,727
6,215,548
6,200,667
103,198
225,974
235,008
236,955
1,064,077
1,256,828
576,501
576,908
1,061,084
1,108,518
936,284
872,352
54,685,173
46,328,060
49,331,585
49,351,315
745,031
644,525
604,992
593,692
380,765,385
310,039,009
283,133,604
261,499,023
7,637,833
5,670,650
4,864,906
4,799,891
5,845,356
7,565,866
7,554,127
7,491,385
4,297,112
4,266,142
4,411,482
4,412,832
Quantity
Released/
Disposed of
Pounds
47,497,104
77,958,242
43,057,057
41,634,922
3,657,349
2,681,943
830,393
744,136
21,989,107
22,202,455
20,906,348
20,969,768
1,430,156
1,242,528
962,970
845,862
31,717,449
31,448,010
29,794,710
30,173,077
53,640,068
58,269,586
52,859,872
50,621,746
238,405,889
218,577,502
207,959,281
203,261,648
34,358,030
33,619,081
32,312,923
31,539,043
1,533,539,277
1,361,112,549
1,085,559,818
1,034,456,111
70,170,526
78,009,499
76,099,458
74,252,358
143,566,977
136,745,291
124,502,483
116,035,752
12,704,046
12,473,829
11,522,263
10,992,458
Total Production-
Related
Waste
Pounds
379,659,249
435,187,843
399,131,703
384,273,372
59,847,091
7,718,752
1,405,823
1,356,394
100,159,244
104,871,154
108,769,697
108,000,778
2,704,460
2,624,108
2,133,357
1,996,748
61,372,196
98,787,286
93,719,372
91,361,841
69,642,073
76,682,712
70,443,934
66,925,340
2,442,859,013
2,296,213,779
2,282,205,880
2,252,218,233
261,920,795
283,390,809
292,781,904
308,002,101
16,157,358,060
16,497,100,397
16,604,532,908
17,085,283,740
2,176,198,823
2,231,319,241
2,314,365,446
2,311,248,288
553,859,536
548,687,180
428,837,286
319,741,346
42,437,206
44,073,678
43,461,202
43,194,767
Non-Production-
Related
Waste
Pounds
534,172
0
14,929
0
284,843
62,050
209,617
4,754
10,300,759
276,523
703,572
1,153
107
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
REVEMIIN
Table 2-5. Actual and Projected Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, by Industry, 1992-1995, Continued.
SIC
Code
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Industry
Stone/Clay/Glass
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transport. Equip.
Measure./Photo.
Miscellaneous
Multiple codes 20-39J
No codes 20-39ฉ
Total
Yearฉ
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
92
93
94
95
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
94,631,559
101,964,298
103,592,802
106,914,797
1,675,645,042
1,625,287,881
1,747,451,158
1,788,597,302
300,657,713
328,530,043
324,498,946
252,481,987
93,949,565
84,305,403
70,688,320
51,099,442
233,633,062
216,581,819
216,201,660
224,500,004
81,436,002
73,780,921
53,947,405
59,317,552
7,021,632
4,886,745
3,145,124
2,646,542
23,031,031
24,034,623
26,032,568
27,508,368
898,653,704
1,108,189,471
1,114,092,959
1,147,190,950
15,550,527
36,487,793
39,619,046
24,758,983
12,165,834,089
13,191,306,508
13,678,882,442
13,709,975,050
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
2,613,228
3,128,446
2,341,235
2,119,505
813,594,826
884,667,257
901,664,776
918,193,512
269,223,806
263,581,065
250,932,812
273,427,086
40,180,193
47,138,458
46,496,240
47,105,126
302,598,564
300,310,129
299,590,996
308,682,742
170,772,911
161,306,875
155,567,803
168,045,550
17,545,015
16,555,368
14,007,084
13,382,437
17,581,589
21,027,795
17,189,793
17,439,905
303,750,359
356,143,536
351,583,516
351,125,630
4,259,032
5,334,276
5,313,499
5,262,684
3,190,769,161
3,324,614,075
3,328,052,754
3,549,835,273
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
839,845,472
816,129,359
953,933,597
1,083,126,364
35,743,895
37,549,417
40,735,111
37,822,956
66,586,197
88,912,580
92,668,855
97,296,823
190,642
193,315
180,037
180,032
4,740,670
4,187,071
4,466,863
4,728,832
2,119,569
1,762,593
1,224,013
1,321,258
1,067,100
1,022,683
931,000
931,000
1,163,788
1,871,828
2,268,456
2,629,674
124,711,262
122,629,952
123,056,451
124,415,299
555,225
587,361
613,511
613,511
3,136,788,296
2,838,344,940
3,022,790,837
3,202,534,563
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
2,826,980
8,253,468
6,917,410
6,232,360
11,274,949
19,118,549
11,988,100
10,612,653
12,979,529
14,307,426
13,717,734
13,061,115
2,928,454
3,084,014
2,547,163
2,415,492
11,638,334
11,176,033
10,004,826
9,585,366
22,195,986
21,216,220
20,084,328
19,478,613
5,071,031
4,478,347
3,831,542
3,719,046
2,428,367
3,291,759
2,838,387
2,056,508
16,438,106
18,065,272
17,388,894
15,914,350
914,606
661,506
717,048
693,858
454,009,875
511,774,941
467,934,508
442,052,865
108
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Waste
Table 2-5, Cont.
SIC
Code Industry
32 Stone/Clay/Glass
33 Primary Metals
34 Fabr. Metals
35 Machinery
36 Electrical
37 Transport. Equip.
38 Measure./Photo.
39 Miscellaneous
Multiple codes 20-39f
No codes 20-390
Total
Quantity
Treated Treated Released/
Yearฉ On-site Off-site Disposed of
Pounds Pounds Pounds
92 197,122,631 4,304,659 26,913,208
93 246,466,367 5,962,498 26,536,977
94 247,186,104 2,748,767 25,521,274
95 248,874,731 1,897,096 24,967,242
92 744,764,054 90,792,456 448,365,438
93 828,052,521 99,423,339 512,610,943
94 787,635,699 87,967,034 502,818,793
95 789,554,557 91,515,067 511,304,477
92 205,613,223 21,055,571 111,426,758
93 227,672,238 20,245,401 129,921,538
94 225,389,312 20,017,201 100,100,872
95 225,612,111 19,821,961 95,846,502
92 18,973,013 3,955,043 33,974,573
93 20,067,174 3,904,756 31,120,875
94 20,428,827 3,524,546 27,115,544
95 20,421,325 3,401,269 22,870,089
92 222,361,630 19,301,606 58,590,632
93 229,337,350 19,824,910 52,003,576
94 231,226,344 17,919,037 45,762,909
95 240,148,324 16,958,183 41,357,846
92 57,314,901 13,202,933 141,606,373
93 65,884,919 15,726,390 144,790,088
94 67,720,618 14,566,182 133,604,900
95 68,074,578 14,257,992 128,544,300
92 55,667,511 5,491,144 46,240,959
93 50,633,179 4,376,720 28,867,130
94 45,782,734 3,991,665 22,640,692
95 50,923,612 3,675,937 18,556,721
92 7,669,851 1,362,295 19,600,279
93 9,049,698 1,529,275 20,565,011
94 6,839,044 1,268,135 18,365,737
95 7,299,793 1,061,055 15,150,665
92 1,005,763,801 44,290,415 250,790,552
93 781,261,084 63,976,337 205,132,926
94 695,428,440 53,171,215 170,136,044
95 703,960,392 41,160,117 160,203,586
92 164,724,657 506,788 22,993,898
93 164,079,247 568,072 20,473,237
94 153,875,794 513,479 18,408,108
95 193,859,213 510,270 24,478,092
92 9,883,578,297 700,349,754 3,353,178,648
93 9,768,273,293 657,785,097 3,206,362,816
94 9,597,823,990 601,207,650 2,750,842,449
95 9,854,704,711 568,596,402 2,658,806,401
Total Production-
Related
Waste
Pounds
1,168,257,737
1,208,441,413
1,342,241,189
1,474,132,095
3,820,180,660
4,006,709,907
4,080,260,671
4,147,600,524
987,542,797
1,073,170,291
1,027,325,732
977,547,585
194,151,483
189,813,995
170,980,677
147,492,775
852,864,498
833,420,888
825,172,635
845,961,297
488,648,675
484,468,006
446,715,249
459,039,843
138,104,392
110,820,172
94,329,841
93,835,295
72,837,200
81,369,989
74,802,120
73,145,968
2,644,398,199
2,655,398,578
2,524,857,519
2,543,970,324
209,504,733
228,191,492
219,060,485
250,176,611
32,884,508,120
33,498,461,670
33,447,534,630
33,986,505,265
Non-Production-
Related
Waste
Pounds
864,977
29,760,031
210,012
200,169
934,219
433,998
11,506
11,930
386,847
10,332
45,216,393
0 1992 and 1993 data are actual amounts reported on 1993 Form Rs; 1994 and 1995 data are facilities' projections reported on
1993 Form Rs.
Q Facilities/forms that reported more than one 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 [e.g., paper (26) and chemicals (28)].
0 Facilities/forms that did not report an SIC code and facilities that reported SIC codes outside the 20-to-39 range.
109
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
1WIIIN
Table 2-6. Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, by Chemical, 1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).
CAS
NumberQ
75-07-0
60-35-5
67-64-1
75-05-8
107-02-8
79-06-1
79-10-7
107-13-1
107-18-6
107-05-1
7429-90-5
1344-28-1
60-09-3
92-67-1
7664-41-7
6484-52-2
7783-20-2
62-53-3
90-04-0
104-94-9
120-12-7
7440-36-0
7440-38-2
1332-21-4
7440-39-3
98-87-3
71-43-2
92-87-5
98-07-7
98-88-4
94-36-0
100-44-7
7440-41-7
92-52-4
111-44-4
542-88-1
108-60-1
103-23-1
353-59-3
74-83-9
75-63-8
106-99-0
141-32-2
71-36-3
78-92-2
75-65-0
85-68-7
106-88-7
Chemical
Acetaldehyde
Acetamide
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Acrolein
Acrylamide
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Allyl alcohol
Allyl chloride
Aluminum (fume or dust)
Aluminum oxide (fibrous forms)
4-Aminoazobenzene
4-Aminobiphenyl
Ammonia
Ammonium nitrate (solution)
Ammonium sulfate (solution)
Aniline
o-Anisidine
p-Anisidine
Anthracene
Antimony
Antimony compounds
Arsenic
Arsenic compounds
Asbestos (friable)
Barium
Barium compounds
Benzal chloride
Benzene
Benzidine
Benzoic trichloride
Benzoyl chloride
Benzoyl peroxide
Benzyl chloride
Beryllium
Beryllium compounds
Biphenyl
Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether
Bis(chloromethyl) ether
Bis(2-chloro- 1 -methylethy l)ether
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate
Bromochlorodifluoromethane
(Halon 1211)
Bromomethane
Bromotrifluoromethane
(Halon 1301)
1,3-Butadiene
Butyl acrylate
n-Butyl alcohol
sec-Butyl alcohol
tert-Butyl alcohol
Butyl benzyl phthalate
1 ,2-Butylene oxide
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
135,000
0
66,398,482
9,621,030
9,500
1,961
2,659,250
16,736,777
250,485
393,630
20,658,278
409,105
0
0
202,843,614
76,792,475
1,402,814
47,731,590
0
0
538,054
2,016,131
12,522,123
2,032,942
4,625,730
703,290
42,452
21,452,956
0
64,592,187
0
0
0
4,720
1.640
22,939
6
792,945
0
0
900,000
1,697,753
5,450
654,760
79,225
4,510,604
156,554
40,352,521
897,099
217,195
2,378,907
0
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
74,473
0
16,148,914
1,964,562
0
171
64,054
640
0
0
73,576,512
2,316,308
0
0
12,410,577
775,075
2,286,800
3,400
0
0
9,154
3,949,872
1,457,345
266,206
309,691
0
48,240
1 ,564,348
0
1,079,229
0
0
0
5,050
0
10,196
31,840
127,728
170,971
0
0
165,181
0
0
0
16,995,983
67,843
2,295,555
62,856
18,324
157,534
0
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
7,054,586
53,200
124,227,193
21,221,551
4,553,531
0
18,950,799
3,050,968
573,554
2,970,000
300
400
0
0
74,039,248
0
0
7,169,424
560
0
152,827
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
26,250,860
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,687,732
150,000
0
8,600,000
103,200
0
52,000
0
38,514,042
2,471,725
16,105,857
10,560,012
36,536,100
0
1,015,000
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
180,615
0
49,416,368
5,579,121
7,962
56,776
4,541,976
785,077
141,466
112,329
25,218
1,676
0
0
12,528,048
0
0
932,396
0
0
139,880
2,558
31,885
9
5
0
90
203,552
44,000
1,996,334
0
0
4,906
2,515
310,991
0
0
308,846
100
0
0
135,787
0
3,300
0
6,574
54,268
8,787,825
5,319,957
30,543,031
123,598
370,015
110
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
Table 2-6.
Chemical
Acetaldehyde
Acetamide
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Acrolein
Acrylamide
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Allyl alcohol
Ally! chloride
Aluminum (fume or dust)
Aluminum oxide (fibrous forms)
4-Aminoazobenzene
4-Aminobiphenyl
Ammonia
Ammonium nitrate (solution)
Ammonium sulfate (solution)
Aniline
o-Anisidine
p-Anisidine
Anthracene
Antimony
Antimony compounds
Arsenic
Arsenic compounds
Asbestos (friable)
Barium
Barium compounds
Benzal chloride
Benzene
Benzidine
Benzoic trichloride
Benzoyl chloride
Benzoyl peroxide
Benzyl chloride
Beryllium
Beryllium compounds
Biphenyl
Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether
Bis(chloromethyl) ether
Bis(2-chloro- 1 -methylethy l)ether
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate
Bromochlorodifluoromethane
(Halon 1211)
Bromomethane
Bromotrifluoromethane
(Halon 1301)
1,3-Butadiene
Butyl acrylate
n-Butyl alcohol
sec-Butyl alcohol
tert-Butyl alcohol
Butyl benzyl phthalate
1,2-Butylene oxide
Treated
On-site
Pounds
8,111,180
1
104,039,141
13,213,913
867,333
178,591
31,189,404
17,582,897
639,600
989,193
110,206,399
6,650
0
91,000
376,888,157
17,682,485
10,467,831
2,963,373
3,155
1,049
83,423
1 ,207,908
95,710
9,660
123,263
507,266
38,410
4,710,834
1,200
33,534,801
0
210,000
466,047
42,085
161,063
998
78
1,592,756
237,776
13,100
3,002,100
213,883
0
48,770
0
38,354,572
3,331,396
27,774,811
2,056,949
2,202,275
1,922,509
740,051
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
543,976
779
20,485,217
3,879,709
8
161,720
284,564
975,519
258,154
465,557
3,571,325
52,571
0
0
74,745,186
4,951,420
34,290,535
2,019,463
0
2
20,409
24,140
480,752
88,753
715,548
98,958
7,042
4,220,122
0
2,085,219
0
250
956,698
27,132
1 1 ,674
307
880
707,137
17,470
0
0
64,184
0
650
0
104,951
192,943
3,264,793
76,364
1,702,604
585,506
14
Quantity
Released/
Disposed of
Pounds
9,219,773
1,089,001
128,689,551
16,952,717
125,129
4,045,595
4,117,729
5,304,610
333,433
106,507
6,748,279
1,618,147
370
3
396,799,112
50,204,276
16,998,901
2,194,851
1,088
12
135,058
325,185
3,526,707
414,815
4,175,145
5,658,165
794,321
11,476,988
333
11,218,310
16
6,345
14,028
14,163
19,680
20,678
10,219
1,128,544
13,370
291
8,600
1,090,757
8,473
3,174,526
40,835
3,130,210
372,032
30,861,821
885,716
2,467,988
2,235,504
20,012
Total Production-
Related
Wastes
Pounds
25,319,603
1,142,981
509,404,866
72,432,603
5,563,463
4,444,814
61,807,776
44,436,488
2,196,692
5,037,216
214,786,311
4,404,857
370
91,003
1,150,253,942
150,405,731
65,446,881
63,014,497
4,803
1,063
1,078,805
7,525,794
18,114,522
2,812,385
9,949,382
6,967,679
930,555
43,628,800
45,533
140,756,940
16
216,595
1,441,679
95,665
505,048
55,118
43,023
6,345,688
589,687
13,391
12,510,700
3,470,745
13,923
3,934,006
120,060
101,616,936
6,646,761
129,443,183
19,858,953
73,687,517
7,403,558
2,145,092
Non-Production-
Related
Wastes
Pounds
720
0
312,531
4,533
70
2,100
16,718
1,819
0
372
150
1
0
0
1,503,191
116,450
21,878
970
0
0
19,847
160
16,533
42
893,055
81,086
9
207,380
0
119,249
0
0
0
1,290
120
0
0
16,512
0
0
0
145
350
30
510
91,015
23,439
33,928
42
1,401
1,082
160
111
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
WMW
Table 2-6. Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, by Chemical, 1993 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
NumberQ
1 23-72-8
569-64-2
989-38-8
2832-40-8
81-88-9
97-56-3
7440-43-9
156-62-7
133-06-2
63-25-2
75-15-0
56-23-5
463-58-1
120-80-9
57-74-9
7782-50-5
10049-04-4
79-11-8
108-90-7
75-00-3
67-66-3
74-87-3
107-30-2
126-99-8
1897-45-6
7440-47-3
7440-48-4
7440-50-8
8001-58-9
120-71-8
1319-77-3
108-39-4
95-48-7
106-44-5
98-82-8
80-15-9
135-20-6
110-82-7
94-75-7
1163-19-5
615-05-4
101-80-4
25376-45-8
95-80-7
132-64-9
106-93-4
84-74-2
25321-22-6
Chemical
Butyraldehyde
C.I. Basic Green 4
C.I. Basic Red 1
C.I. Disperse Yellow 3
C.I. Food Red 15
C.I. Solvent Yellow 3
Cadmium
Cadmium compounds
Calcium cyanamide
Captan
Carbaryl
Carbon disulfide
Carbon tetrachloride
Carbonyl sulfide
Catechol
Chlordane
Chlorine
Chlorine dioxide
Chloroacetic acid
Chlorobenzene
Chloroethane
Chloroform
Chloromethane
Chloromethyl methyl ether
Chlorophenols
Chloroprene
Chlorothalonil
Chromium
Chromium compounds
Cobalt
Cobalt compounds
Copper
Copper compounds
Creosote
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,527,122
2,558,846
0
1,833
44,985
19,240,256
2,550,095
0
566
0
104,216,068
2,423,500
26,314
14,449,380
2,455,101
4,968,367
468,103
0
2,945,764
81,469
3,779
32,653,695
39,469,001
3,416,650
482,380
287,819,064
255,742,333
49,622,563
p-Cresidine ( 0
Cresol (mixed isomers.i
m-Cresol
o-Cresol
p-Cresol
Cumene
Cumene hydroperoxide
Cupferron
Cyanide compounds
Cyclohexane
2,4-D (acetic acid)
Decabromodiphenyl oxide
2,4-Diaminoanisole
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether
Diaminotoluene (mixed isomers)
2,4-Diaminotoluene
Dibenzofuran
1 .2-Dibromoethane
Dibutyl phthalate
Dichlorobenzene (mixed isomers)
1,299,784
1,648,177
56,330
67,596
296,607,339
25,000
0
525,897
50,613,957
162,238
1,204,771
0
0
0
0
88,351
6
58,805
0
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
560
0
0
0
0
0
647,116
1,439,094
0
0
0
4,574
111,606
0
0
0
1,411,775
0
0
1,401,430
159,718
435,102
0
0
0
499,144
625
85,563,352
42,236,520
10,154,319
1,963,188
459,736,680
134,655,253
291,749
0
155,407
270,000
0
160,000
93,673
0
0
15,533
1,493,888
0
18,142
0
0
0
0
3,609
1
12,356
0
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
265,948
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3,044,802
5,139,747
886,727
8,654,376
0
1,741,504
0
0
795,258
17,682,284
16,980,876
5,474,874
0
0
187
0
29,518
39,516
0
0
0
0
5,700
0
3,767,745
608,002
484,000
340,810
5,547,498
0
0
193,000
14,735,115
0
0
0
0
4,169,087
0
10,300
2,000
280,757
68,221
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
245,206
0
230
0
0
0
0
1,142
0
0
0
248,258
4,116
0
35,498
0
7,827
0
150
635,348
21,932
60,631
57,369
0
0
121,297
0
4,712
88,674
0
116
26,178
65,868
635,338
0
385,881
9,408
7,250
80,105
873,887
706
0
1,758
2,844,363
0
8,079
0
0
376,100
0
19,988
661
205,745
15,128
112
-------
Chapter 2Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
wmm
Table 2-6, Cont.
Chemical
Butyraldehyde
C.I. Basic Green 4
C.I. Basic Red 1
C.I. Disperse Yellow 3
C.I. Food Red 15
C.I. Solvent Yellow 3
Cadmium
Cadmium compounds
Calcium cyanamide
Captan
Carbaryl
Carbon disulfide
Carbon tetrachloride
Carbonyl sulfide
Catechol
Chlordane
Chlorine
Chlorine dioxide
Chloroacetic acid
Chlorobenzene
Chloroethane
Chloroform
Chloromethane
Chloromethyl methyl ether
Chlorophenols
Chloroprene
Chlorothalonil
Chromium
Chromium compounds
Cobalt
Cobalt compounds
Copper
Copper compounds
Creosote
p-Cresidine
Cresol (mixed isomers)
m-Cresol
o-Cresol
p-Cresol
Cumene
Cumene hydroperoxide
Cupferron
Cyanide compounds
Cyclohexane
2,4-D (acetic acid)
Decabromodiphenyl oxide
2,4-Diaminoanisole
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether
Diaminotoluene (mixed isomers)
2,4-Diaminotoluene
Dibenzofuran
1 ,2-Dibromoethane
Dibutyl phthalate
Dichlorobenzene (mixed isomers)
Treated
On-site
Pounds
1,577,599
2
0
10,857
0
0
85,488
77,718
0
9,900
274,991
9,500,300
14,828,380
10,733,677
2,330,404
2,550
245,067,216
68,087,901
1,359,783
5,574,204
22,903,408
14,082,436
18,125,013
18,000
238,136
5,248,855
16,627
1,216,709
90,265,144
159,371
649,372
52,355,544
142,266,907
448,122
769
6,662,763
29,130
12,889
22,653
3,985,087
763,890
0
10,816,903
25,589,789
51,279
41,173
0
17,942
1,198,952
0
838
56,699
117,219
275,037
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
132,948
577
0
3,150
1,100
0
8,302
224,577
0
14,802
19,314
288,388
906,664
0
36,021
62
1,092,286
130
1,208
2,626,996
395,637
2,405,711
166,666
0
36,613
218,884
12,265
3,210,509
16,783,289
53,616
88,109
1,367,076
2,297,055
530,209
29,223
197,243
60,794
51,898
891,405
93,593
4,992
2,356
454,805
1,660,143
35,055
107,822
0
23,550
535,774
57,902
81
502,957
119,196
14,540
Quantity
Released/
Disposed of
Pounds
771,971
13
694
11,284
1
0
146,911
3,159,629
5
7,678
21,189
93,697,475
2,352,503
12,813,998
80,595
51
76,351,231
1,625,142
16,228
2,174,893
2,675,942
14,413,609
5,469,045
2,316
116,490
1,025,496
203,656
5,933,445
47,567,578
180,282
551,945
17,996,283
55,263,710
1,722,234
493
1,375,381
571,792
734,263
295,116
2,600,700
490,589
59
3,343,675
10,420,987
24,972
1,507,173
13
2,380
44,403
1,811
53,741
20,046
419,197
6,716
Total Production-
Related
Wastes
Pounds
2,994,232
592
924
25,291
1,101
0
2,414,939
7,461,006
5
34,213
360,479
126,024,053
25,893,111
24,434,402
11,137,460
2,663
429,887,907
72,136,673
1,403,683
27,657,509
46,294,022
53,346,732
29,761,070
20,316
3,337,003
7,195,332
236,952
128,611,940
236,449,722
13,964,238
3,735,110
819,300,825
590,291,126
53,255,915
30,485
13,844,204
3,197,303
1,346.630
1,857,685
309,801,777
1,285,177
2,415
15,351,571
107,358,242
273,544
2,887,160
13
43,872
6,324,316
59,713
176,908
582,370
1,213,275
379,642
Non-Production-
Related
Wastes
Pounds
67
0
0
0
0
0
51
34,509
0
0
0
11,942
53,137
52
1
0
16,186
1,329
50
3,408
3,357
83,399
16,192
0
576
1,091
20
37,984
1,238,758
0
646
173,939
4,978,812
954,588
0
21,003
432
93
242
17,217
0
0
3,965
252,037
17,413
0
0
0
188
0
1,953
5,115
4,509
0
113
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Waste
HEVBHttN
Table 2-6. Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, by Chemical, 1993 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Numberฎ
95-50-1
541-73-1
106-46-7
91-94-1
75-27-4
75-71-8
107-06-2
540-59-0
75-09-2
120-83-2
78-87-5
78-88-6
542-75-6
76-14-2
62-73-7
115-32-2
111-42-2
117-81-7
84-66-2
64-67-5
1 19-90-4
57-14-7
105-67-9
131-11-3
77-78-1
99-65-0
528-29-0
100-25-4
534-52-1
51-28-5
121-14-2
606-20-2
25321-14-6
123-91-1
106-89-8
110-80-5
140-88-5
100-41-4
541-41-3
74-85-1
107-21-1
151-56-4
75-21-8
96-45-7
2164-17-2
50-00-0
76-13-1
76-44-8
118-74-1
87-68-3
77-47-4
67-72-1
Chemical
1 ,2-Dichlorobenzene
1 ,3-Dichlorobenzene
1 ,4-Dichlorobenzene
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine
Dichlorobromomethane
Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12)
1,2-Dichloroethane
1 ,2-Dichloroethylene
Dichlorotnethane
2,4-Dichlorophenol
1 ,2-Dichloropropane
2,3-Dichloropropene
1 ,3-Dichloropropylene
Dichlorotetrafluoroethane
(CFC-114)
Dichlorvos
Dicofol
Diethanolamine
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Diethyl phthalate
Diethyl sulfate
3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine
1,1 -Dimethyl hydrazine
2,4-Dimethylphenol
Dimethyl phthalate
Dimethyl sulfate
m-Dinitrobenzene
o-Dinitrobenzene
p-Dinitrobenzene
4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol
2,4-Dinitrophenol
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
2,6-Dinitrotoluene
Dinitrotoluene (mixed isomers)
1 ,4-Dioxane
Epichlorohydrin
2-Ethoxyethanol
Ethyl acrylate
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl chloroformate
Ethylene
Ethylene glycol
Ethyleneimine
Ethylene oxide
Ethylene thiourea
Fluometuron
Formaldehyde
Freon 1 1 3
Glycol ethers
Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachloro- 1 ,3-butadiene
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
Hexachloroethane
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
2,479,359
1,678
560,790
0
0
689,072
88,627,715
841,687
86,323,177
1,473
37,653,107
4,500,000
3,943,000
822,600
220
120
45,801
2,802,591
225,348
0
0
0
23,503
1,482
0
0
0
0
2,000
0
0
0
0
816,106
6,844,483
6,407
1,060
20,784,788
0
433,212,167
276,503,268
0
2,589,952
0
0
163,422,324
13,899,484
186,211,860
0
3,500
427,000
0
753,300
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
3,148,368
6,750
6,090
0
0
330,859
8,167,906
2,001
21,079,024
0
2,711,000
0
5,432
24,730
0
0
332,781
5,901,124
357,899
5,400,550
0
8
22,359
200
39,542
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
17,598
0
328,890
38,620
3,674,895
0
0
111,960,647
0
0
1,347
8,300
59,582
2,989,101
4,478,185
0
1
0
0
0
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
184,552
65,000
0
0
0
15,271
30,603,809
2,230,155
10,502,937
0
21,900,000
990,000
13,450,000
0
0
0
8,463
263,159
213,586
0
0
0
1,161,940
427,546
0
1,600
0
0
898,031
500,002
1,676
419
0
197,453
6,060,000
853,464
6,217,917
45,773,744
0
401,227,039
9,257,637
0
34,920
0
0
5,177,394
0
17,713,358
0
46,000
98,597
0
463,012
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
381,124
450
0
3,100
0
15,378
271,023
0
3,252,921
0
7
0
1
0
190
0
99,622
237,925
116,983
52
0
0
25,884
29,241
0
0
0
0
1,376
0
300
0
200
738,170
18,447
149,360
1,376,902
9,094,385
0
17,795,713
8,818,394
0
1
0
0
236,678
190,821
13,173,610
0
0
0
600
41,000
114
-------
Chapter 2Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Waste
wmm
Table 2-6, Cont.
Chemical
1 ,2-Dichlorobenzene
1 ,3-Dichlorobenzene
1 ,4-Dichlorobenzene
3,3'-DichIorobenzidine
Dichlorobromomethane
Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12)
1,2-Dichloroethane
1 ,2-Dichloroethylene
Dichloromethane
2,4-Dichlorophenol
1 ,2-Dichloropropane
2,3-Dichloropropene
1 ,3-Dichloropropylene
Dichlorotetrafluoroethane
(CFC-114)
Dichlorvos
Dicofol
Diethanolamine
Di-(2-ethyIhexyl) phthalate
Diethyl phthalate
Diethyl sulfate
3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine
1,1 -Dimethyl hydrazine
2,4-Dimethylphenol
Dimethyl phthalate
Dimethyl sulfate
m-Dinitrobenzene
o-Dinitrobenzene
p-Dinitro benzene
4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol
2,4-Dinitrophenol
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
2,6-Dinitrotoluene
Dinitrotoluene (mixed isomers)
1 ,4-Dioxane
Epichlorohydrin
2-Ethoxyethanol
Ethyl acrylate
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl chloroformate
Ethylene
Ethylene glycol
Ethyleneimine
Ethylene oxide
Ethylene thiourea
Fluometuron
Formaldehyde
FreonlB
Glycol ethers
Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachloro- 1 ,3-butadiene
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
Hexachloroethane
Treated
On-site
Pounds
133,342
9
1,965
1,296
0
318,334
50,109,912
5,217,436
27,362,316
119,111
16,711,801
2,458,000
1,068,052
181,910
51
0
2,528,824
345,890
226,257
2,672
34
2,647
113,506
267,121
1,078,615
200,992
305,780
5,009
70,000
590,000
309
10,946
501,959
836,212
7,657,108
1,301,002
1,229,337
12,758,440
113,584
373,484,832
58,288,557
0
7,224,009
7
0
57,588,167
230,213,438
27,921,395
2,190
4,090,230
5,394,265
298,534
2,588,383
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
1,601,383
6,359
104,611
11,025
0
118,794
1,808,104
142
10,509,299
83
54
600,000
2,252
6,382
2,980
2,154
1,658,354
477,604
347,657
1,529
0
2,940
21,496
152,823
504
0
0
0
6,524
9,000
0
0
524,110
466,283
973,035
412,418
246,936
1,294,870
0
87,955
26,791,740
0
43,321
5,883
33,831
4,452,189
520,517
14,735,428
77,329
18,957
20,990
9,846
49,283
Quantity
Released/
Disposed of
Pounds
422,003
10,144
366,332
5,001
180
7,348,962
2,335,592
28,798
66,718,011
8,321
585,091
170,116
32,567
1,114,154
1,142
13
1,015,086
1,900,495
175,993
21,977
4
190
86,832
90,580
5,762
19,517
283
53
11,070
27,541
2,198
683
113,885
969,623
386,717
302,292
193,764
11,481,389
2,224
32,082,205
19,942,550
0
1,244,035
681
1,054
18,330,838
9,552,835
47,436,469
31
718,958
3,364
3,960
26,373
Total Production-
Related
Wastes
Pounds
8,350,131
90,390
1,039,788
20,422
180
8,836,670
181,924,061
8,320,219
225,747,685
128,988
79,561,060
8,718,116
18,501,304
2,149,776
4,583
2,287
5,688,931
11,928,788
1,663,723
5,426,780
38
5,785
1,455,520
968,993
1,124,423
222,109
306,063
5,062
989,001
1,126,543
4,483
12,048
1,140,154
4,041,445
21,939,790
3,353,833
9,304,536
104,862,511
115,808
1,257,889,911
511,562,793
0
11,136,238
7,918
43,185
249,267,172
257,366,196
311,670,305
79,550
4,877,646
5,944,216
312,940
3,921,351
Non-Production-
Related
Wastes
Pounds
28,154
8
4,511
0
0
132,143
209,528
663
177,848
0
1,030
0
0
3,150
1
0
4,947
8,516
2,171
0
0
0
342
2
0
1
0
0
0
32
0
0
3,890
56
7,007
151,727
970
31,610
55
1,456,298
355,081
0
20,234
0
0
190,061
45,408
74,420
0
2,150
2,589
590
2,374
115
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
Table 2-6. Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, by Chemical, 1993 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
NumberQ
302-01-2
10034-93-2
7647-01-0
74-90-8
7664-39-3
123-31-9
78-84-2
67-63-0
80-05-7
7439-92-1
58-89-9
108-31-6
12427-38-2
7439-96-5
7439-97-6
67-56-1
72-43-5
109-86-4
96-33-3
1634-04-4
101-14-4
101-68-8
74-95-3
101-77-9
78-93-3
60-34-4
74-88-4
108-10-1
624-83-9
80-62-6
90-94-8
1313-27-5
76-15-3
91-20-3
134-32-7
7440-02-0
7697-37-2
139-13-9
99-59-2
98-95-3
55-63-0
88-75-5
100-02-7
79-46-9
156-10-5
121-69-7
86-30-6
56-38-2
87-86-5
Chemical
Hydrazine
Hydrazine sulfate
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen fluoride
Hydroquinone
Isobutyraldehyde
Isopropyl alcohol (manufacturing)
4,4'-Isopropylidenediphenol
Lead
Lead compounds
Lindane
Maleic anhydride
Maneb
Manganese
Manganese compounds
Mercury
Mercury compounds
Methanol
Methoxychlor
2-Methoxyethanol
Methyl acrylate
Methyl tert-butyl ether
4,4'-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline)
Methylenebis(phenylisocyanate)
Methylene bromide
4,4'-Methylenedianiline
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl hydrazine
Methyl iodide
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Methyl isocyanate
Methyl methacrylate
Michler's ketone
Molybdenum trioxide
Monochloropentafluoroethane
(CFC-115)
Naphthalene
alpha-Naphthylamine
Nickel
Nickel compounds
Nitric acid
Nitrilotriacetic acid
5-Nitro-o-anisidine
Nitrobenzene
Nitroglycerin
2-Nitrophenol
4-Nitrophenol
2-Nitropropane
p-Nitrosodiphenylamine
N,N-Dimethylaniline
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
Parathion
Pentachlorophenol
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
0
0
125,060,092
49,885
67,197,306
1,218
0
214,224
171,345
282,954,083
399,305,981
681
3,177
888
24,493,022
87,050,545
13,868,594
100,469
485,824,704
0
2,510,644
960,000
502,295
0
24,250
1,288,700
1,700
170,138,600
0
0
50,396,415
0
3,252,855
0
3,876,667
25,000
12,097,439
0
25,539,984
23,112,383
28,955,894
0
0
5,317,000
15,375
100
0
0
0
40,000
0
0
1,908,339
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
8
0
64,030,063
0
307,196
9,700
200
191,250
0
40,606,123
250,501,024
0
0
0
71,987,672
44,574,365
11,448
12,840
17,087,923
0
420
14,726
49,427
0
465,511
0
0
21,612,758
0
0
23,026,951
0
340,634
0
3,328,971
0
251,393
0
60,537,307
33,399,518
2,888,577
0
0
3,370
0
0
0
3,400
0
0
0
0
1,555
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
0
0
10,630
12,036,599
39,579
511,406
4,323,331
13,382,540
6,533,585
34,925
4,400
0
2,421,560
0
0
0
0
0
286,383,015
0
1,205,208
432,131
83,200
0
227,308
0
70,698
99,289,155
0
1,200
39,090,875
0
2,056,133
0
0
0
6,780,604
0
0
0
24,100
0
0
1,873,320
0
25,210
860
67,701
8,500
280
0
0
0
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
30,000
0
8,497,952
54
0
881
668,931
275,201
24,181
7,232
73,190
0
105,858
0
1,718
22,832
0
0
61,626,050
0
580,319
254,571
654,158
983
164,349
300
8,455
46,796,184
0
350
12,145,798
0
1,075,334
216
0
0
1,373,870
0
3,336
4,695
44
0
0
19,500
2
4,592
0
103
15,000
609,313
0
0
41,004
116
-------
Chapter 2Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
wmm
Table 2-6, Conf.
Chemical
Hydrazine
Hydrazine sulfate
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen fluoride
Hydroquinone
Isobutyraldehyde
Isopropyl alcohol (manufacturing)
4,4'-Isopropylidenediphenol
Lead
Lead compounds
Lindane
Maleic anhydride
Maneb
Manganese
Manganese compounds
Mercury
Mercury compounds
Methanol
Methoxychlor
2-Methoxyethanol
Methyl acrylate
Methyl tert-butyl ether
4,4'-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline)
Methylenebis(phenylisocyanate)
Methylene bromide
4,4'-Methylenedi aniline
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl hydrazine
Methyl iodide
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Methyl isocyanate
Methyl methacrylate
Michler's ketone
Molybdenum trioxide
Monochloropentafluoroethane
(CFC-115)
Naphthalene
alpha-Naphthylamine
Nickel
Nickel compounds
Nitric acid
Nitrilotriacetic acid
5 -Nitro-o-ani sidine
Nitrobenzene
Nitroglycerin
2-Nitrophenol
4-Nitrophenol
2-Nitropropane
p-Nitrosodiphenylamine
N,N-Dimethylaniline
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
Parathion
Pentachlorophenol
Treated
On-site
Pounds
116,604
0
1,874,940,919
22,841,234
115,796,794
409,576
481,755
195,876
1,191,050
8,044,440
33,266,050
0
28,552,581
0
155,872
312,616
44,176
0
865,266,811
114
5,742,205
1,281,313
2,759,792
70
989,202
143,299
136,270
54,609,698
116
49
12,760,735
33,132
3,201,113
0
11,852
66,181
9,092,389
0
2,171,664
443,339
284,783,246
821,894
0
665,21 1
310,505
355,713
73,600
41,804
0
19,595
0
0
46,953
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
74,087
0
74,433,384
575
2,212,698
178,405
47,972
158,196
92,225
868,209
5,537,317
78
722,046
104
432,374
4,550,448
1,099
230
122,069,287
1
1,234,166
124,646
196,750
729
690,852
3,073
74,473
6,533,657
74
230
1,919,172
0
988,487
0
117,521
0
370,250
0
1,045,702
1,390,715
13,804,906
0
0
287,524
37,655
42,430
923,001
12,223
0
202,889
430,000
7,846
69,532
Quantity
Released/
Disposed of
Pounds
20,385
220,001
241,034,754
3,056,727
8,435,119
509,628
438,603
1,359,223
1,294,707
5,973,268
28,070,134
402
383,273
160,721
20,100,390
65,340,486
32,489
24,648
222,161,442
96
1,235,762
252,500
3,900,842
15
1,922,865
55,942
58,536
85,805,403
25
33,033
25,426,035
5,762
2,690,299
1,442
872,759
512,758
3,075,634
2
12,939,803
7,210,740
24,934,305
6,954
5
381,740
41,146
28
787
48,792
5,424
20,787
0
1,226
47,877
Total Production-
Related
Wastes
Pounds
241,084
220,001
2,388,007,794
37,985,074
193,988,692
1,620,814
5,960,792
15,776,510
9,307,093
338,488,280
716,758,096
1,161
32,188,495
161,713
117,171,048
201,851,292
13,957,806
138,187
2,060,419,232
211
12,508,724
3,319,887
8,146,464
1,797
4,484,337
1,491,314
350,132
484,785,455
215
34,862
164,765,981
38,894
13,604,855
1,658
8,207,770
603,939
33,041,579
2
102,237,796
65,561,390
355,391,072
828,848
5
8,547,665
404,683
428,073
998,248
174,023
28,924
892,864
430,000
9,072
2,115,260
Non-Production-
Related
Wastes
Pounds
491
0
257,987
874
3,249
127
72
10
10,473
16,972
4,459,565
0
79,077
0
5,979
4,259,866
1
33,702
231,942
0
168
11
871
0
28,421
0
138
119,432
0
1,080
40,412
1
7,873
0
298
43,384
24,742
0
7,787
1,586,831
76,008
0
0
851
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,208
117
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Waste
Table 2-6. Quantities of TRI Chemicals In Waste, by Chemical, 1993 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
Numberฉ
79-21-0
108-95-2
106-50-3
90-43-7
75-44-5
7664-38-2
7723-14-0
85-44-9
88-89-1
1336-36-3
1120-71-4
123-38-6
114-26-1
115-07-1
75-55-8
75-56-9
110-86-1
91-22-5
106-51-4
82-68-8
81-07-2
7782-49-2
7440-22-4
100-42-5
96-09-3
7664-93-9
79-34-5
127-18-4
961-11-5
7440-28-0
62-56-6
1314-20-1
7550-45-0
108-88-3
584-84-9
91-08-7
26471-62-5
95-53-4
52-68-6
120-82-1
71-55-6
79-00-5
79-01-6
75-69-4
88-06-2
1582-09-8
95-63-6
51-79-6
7440-62-2
108-05-4
Chemical
Peracetic acid
Phenol
p-Phenylenediamine
2-Phenylphenol
Phosgene
Phosphoric acid
Phosphorus (yellow or white)
Phthalic anhydride
Picric acid
Polybrominated biphenyls
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
Propane sultone
Propionaldehyde
Propoxur
Propylene
Propyleneimine
Propylene oxide
Pyridine
Quinoline
Quinone
Quintozene
Saccharin (manufacturing)
Selenium
Selenium compounds
Silver
Silver compounds
Styrene
Styrene oxide
Sulfuric acid
1 , 1 ,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachlorvinphos
Thallium
Thiourea
Thorium dioxide
Titanium tetrachloride
Toluene
Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate
Toluene-2,6-diisocyanate
Toluenediisocyanate
(mixed isomers)
o-Toluidine
Trichlorfon
1 ,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-1 1)
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Trifluralin
1 ,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Urethane
Vanadium (fume or dust)
Vinyl acetate
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
21,060
32,197,109
0
330
0
172,057,033
4,060
726,907
0
0
0
0
0
0
67,896,366
0
10,499
1,789,102
5,929
0
641
0
30
148,085
231,324
669,123
59,850,775
2,210
5,929,042,911
7,400,000
75,066,459
89,000
50,000
0
0
5,400,000
1,159,918,428
30,727
7,461
46,440
1
125
89,245
111,402,660
21,793,731
293,306,078
4,171,014
0
1,725
15,072,194
0
207,569
5,648,415
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
0
873,381
0
0
0
11,693,742
183,305
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3,609
3,609
0
0
0
27,911
229,000
644,465
1,396,291
1,975,880
0
1,208,090,997
1,737,712
7,712,315
0
400
0
0
0
31,868,427
32,000
8,100
3,247
0
0
510
14,606,493
12,136,563
7,091,492
294,088
0
0
1,497,441
0
43
821,973
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
0
17,450,718
49,000
7,300
380
21,980
0
1,655,643
368,002
0
0
0
3,453,799
0
489,142,299
0
5,095,200
388,559
250,553
11,782
0
0
0
0
0
0
28,344,927
69,993
85,143
1,460,234
11,124,256
76
0
0
0
0
254,771,684
19,632
3,960
5,600,001
413,000
0
12,000
4,534,328
17,314,745
1,216,631
0
0
0
5,875,688
0
0
7,951,177
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
0
2,372,306
0
339
0
21
0
4,040,383
0
0
17,587
0
6,503
0
2,187,600
0
95,664
172,416
21,328
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,524,776
0
48,630
0
887,593
0
0
0
0
86
86,966,647
16,620
4,746
42,783
41,913
0
30,930
2,408,852
23,308
1,485,511
227,402
0
0
2,958,793
0
0
8,458,014
118
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
Table 2-6, Cont.
Chemical
Peracetic acid
Phenol
p-Phenylenediamine
2-Phenylphenol
Phosgene
Phosphoric acid
Phosphorus (yellow or white)
Phthalic anhydride
Picric acid
Polybrominated biphenyls
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
Propane sultone
Propionaldehyde
Propoxur
Propylene
Propyleneimine
Propylene oxide
Pyridine
Quinoline
Quinone
Quintozene
Saccharin (manufacturing)
Selenium
Selenium compounds
Silver
Silver compounds
Styrene
Styrene oxide
Sulfuric acid
1 , 1 ,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachlorvinphos
Thallium
Thiourea
Thorium dioxide
Titanium tetrachloride
Toluene
Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate
Toluene-2,6-diisocyanate
Toluenediisocyanate
(mixed isomers)
o-Toluidine
Trichlorfon
1 ,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
1 , 1 ,2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-1 1)
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Trifluralin
1 ,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Urethane
Vanadium (fume or dust)
Vinyl acetate
Treated
On-site
Pounds
7,601
29,475,652
1,230,807
278,387
13,315,880
301,206,759
38,012
18,848,215
1,307,368
0
0
0
426,955
1
216,034,848
750
9,070,075
814,684
140,505
110,000
0
6,900
400
49,000
74,995
4,011,471
26,376,107
11,011
2,946,897,184
8,927,402
16,700,355
0
0
10,550
0
28,431,377
155,856,226
15,585
3,877
3,138,992
300,999
160
5,243,161
1,914,565
21,049,494
6,515,991
86,882
952,949
350
16,134,000
0
0
18,566,483
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
3,609
6,320,068
32,273
2,157
1,000
5,209,738
2,114
243,853
0
0
188,076
0
1,156
1,943
388,948
0
40,106
404,285
1,886
6,776
522,414
10,007
2,556
11,769
1,425
14,073
3,724,211
0
53,225,378
32,737
2,488,782
4,277
5
2,744
0
2,976,745
16,997,430
63,288
14,747
327,908
115,816
255
743,119
3,423,144
3,976,151
1,818,275
262,351
0
17,855
441,785
3,600
1,102
1,777,568
Quantity
Released/
Disposed of
Pounds
3,143
11,238,508
13,594
27,370
5,051
214,596,798
79,456
579,473
64,296
380
10,415
140
533,425
3
18,147,650
336
1,044,927
516,913
91,685
17,001
1,780
890
5,733
216,566
9,102
53,605
35,192,263
301
254,999,222
30,783
11,651,832
8,870
1,000
10,307
42,000
23,391
181,399,292
60,239
3,583
53,972
43,497
35
334,434
64,594,783
317,342
29,884,219
5,897,558
125
33,590
6,597,531
58,596
55,812
5,755,360
Total Production-
Related
Wastes
Pounds
35,413
99,927,742
1,325,674
315,883
13,322,311
704,786,071
306,947
26,094,474
1,739,666
380
216,078
140
4,421,838
1,947
793,797,711
1,086
15,356,471
4,089,568
515,495
145,559
524,835
17,797
36,630
654,420
961,311
6,144,563
160,988,939
83,515
10,392,389,465
19,588,868
125,631,592
102,223
51,405
23,601
42,000
36,831,599
1,887,778,134
238,091
46,474
9,213,343
915,226
575
6,453,399
202,884,825
76,611,334
341,318,197
10,939,295
953,074
53,520
48,577,432
62,196
264,526
48,978,990
Non-Production-
Related
Wastes
Pounds
36
32,887
2
0
65
119,488
36,733
2,108
0
0
28,404
0
1
0
289,550
32
8,248
51
534
0
0
0
0
14,185
11
1,968
119,450
0
1,450,864
24
651,550
0
0
0
0
1,574
373,182
1
0
14,568
0
0
13,073
334,530
210
107,936
51,052
0
550
21,302
0
0
8,499
119
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
Table 2-6. Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste, by Chemical, 1993 (Alphabetically Ordered), Continued.
CAS
NumberQ
593-60-2
75-01-4
75-35-4
1330-20-7
108-38-3
95-47-6
106-42-3
87-62-7
7440-66-6
Chemical
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Xylene (mixed isomers)
m-Xylene
o-Xylene
p-Xylene
2,6-Xylidine
Zinc (fume or dust)
Zinc compounds
Mixtures and other trade names
Trade secrets
Total
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
0
5,034,694
430,000
121,969,074
1,119,496
642,037
1,225,629
0
32,717,520
123,853,057
12,300
1,900,000
13,191,306,508
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
0
108,924
0
36,031,238
102,970
7,667
939
0
76,121,513
220,779,995
442,995
397,675
3,324,614,075
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
0
13,462,887
86,560
189,370,157
8,845,212
38,285,879
9,199,646
47,000
0
39,372
171,418,282
428,000
2,838,344,940
Energy
Recovery
Off-site
Pounds
0
11,817
3
70,357,331
117,592
1,870,088
71,658
0
114,863
216,515
18,406
11,500
511,774,941
120
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Chapter 2Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
FRMMItN
Table 2-6, Cont.
Chemical
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Xylene (mixed isomers)
m-Xylene
o-Xylene
p-Xylene
2,6-Xylidine
Zinc (fume or dust)
Zinc compounds
Mixtures and other trade names
Trade secrets
Total
Treated
On-site
Pounds
86,000
29,099,488
5,624,940
61,640,809
1,244,660
1,160,594
200,798
10,623
2,100,554
4,859,222
353,718
245,056
9,768,273,293
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
0
24,367
162,331
7,941,438
55,989
48,223
37,705
625
652,962
32,254,805
490,237
257,000
657,785,097
Quantity
Released/
Disposed of
Pounds
1,617
1,019,548
195,313
111,710,327
1,714,007
1,990,809
4,384,140
488
14,085,572
135,266,664
214,714
2,830
3,206,362,816
Total Production-
Related
Wastes
Pounds
87,617
48,761,725
6,499,147
599,020,374
13,199,926
44,005,297
15,120,515
58,736
125,792,984
517,269,630
172,950,652
3,242,061
33,498,461,670
Non-Production-
Related
Wastes
Pounds
0
15,024
600
460,397
2,192
924
81,532
0
29,251
15,185,689
117,497
0
45,216,393
Compound categories do not have CAS numbers ().
121
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Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
Table 2-7. Top 25 Chemicals Reported as Recycled, 1993.
CAS
Numberฉ
7664-93-9
108-88-3
7440-50-8
67-56-1
74-85-1
107-21-1
7439-92-1
79-01-6
98-82-8
7664-41-7
78-93-3
7647-01-0
7664-38-2
50-00-0
1330-20-7
71-55-6
7440-47-3
7440-66-6
75-09-2
7782-50-5
Chemical
Sulfuric acid
Toluene
Copper
Lead compounds
Methanol
Ethylene
Copper compounds
Ethylene glycol
Zinc compounds
Lead
Trichloroethylene
Cumene
Ammonia
Methyl ethyl ketone
Glycol ethers
Hydrochloric acid
Phosphoric acid
Formaldehyde
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Manganese compounds
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Chromium
Zinc (fume or dust)
Dichloromethane
Chlorine
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Recycled
On-site
Pounds
5,929,042,911
1,159,918,428
287,819,064
399,305,981
485,824,704
433,212,167
255,742,333
276,503,268
123,853,057
282,954,083
293,306,078
296,607,339
202,843,614
170,138,600
186,211,860
125,060,092
172,057,033
163,422,324
121,969,074
87,050,545
111,402,660
32,653,695
32,717,520
86,323,177
104,216,068
11,820,155,675
13,191,306,508
Recycled
Off-site
Pounds
1,208,090,997
31,868,427
459,736,680
250,501,024
17,087,923
0
134,655,253
111,960,647
220,779,995
40,606,123
7,091,492
93,673
12,410,577
21,612,758
4,478,185
64,030,063
11,693,742
59,582
36,031,238
44,574,365
14,606,493
85,563,352
76,121,513
21,079,024
1,411,775
2,876,144,901
3,324,614,075
Total
Recycled
Pounds
7,137,133,908
1,191,786,855
747,555,744
649,807,005
502,912,627
433,212,167
390,397,586
388,463,915
344,633,052
323,560,206
300,397,570
296,701,012
215,254,191
191,751,358
190,690,045
189,090,155
183,750,775
163,481,906
158,000,312
131,624,910
126,009,153
118,217,047
108,839,033
107,402,201
105,627,843
14,696,300,576
16,515,920,583
Compound categories do not have CAS numbers ().
122
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Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
Table 2-8. Top 25 Chemicals Reported as Used for Energy Recovery, 1993.
WEVENniN
CAS
NumberQ)
115-07-1
74-85-1
67-56-1
108-88-3
1330-20-7
67-64-1
78-93-3
7664-41-7
75-65-0
100-41-4
108-10-1
95-47-6
106-99-0
100-42-5
107-06-2
71-43-2
75-05-8
71-36-3
79-10-7
78-87-5
108-95-2
107-21-1
75-00-3
Chemical
Propylene
Ethylene
Methanol
Toluene
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Acetone
Mixtures and other trade names
Methyl ethyl ketone
Ammonia
tert-Butyl alcohol
Ethylbenzene
Methyl isobutyl ketone
o-Xylene
1,3-Butadiene
Styrene
Glycol ethers
1 ,2-Dichloroethane
Benzene
Acetonitrile
n-Butyl alcohol
Acrylic acid
1 ,2-Dichloropropane
Phenol
Ethylene glycol
Chloroethane
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Energy
Recovery
On-site
Pounds
489,142,299
401,227,039
286,383,015
254,771,684
189,370,157
124,227,193
171,418,282
99,289,155
74,039,248
36,536,100
45,773,744
39,090,875
38,285,879
38,514,042
28,344,927
17,713,358
30,603,809
26,250,860
21,221,551
16,105,857
18,950,799
21,900,000
17,450,718
9,257,637
17,682,284
2,513,550,512
2,838,344,940
Energy
Recovery
Off -site
Pounds
2,187,600
17,795,713
61,626,050
86,966,647
70,357,331
49,416,368
18,406
46,796,184
12,528,048
30,543,031
9,094,385
12,145,798
1,870,088
6,574
5,524,776
13,173,610
271,023
1,996,334
5,579,121
8,787,825
4,541,976
7
2,372,306
8,818,394
21,932
452,439,527
511,774,941
Total
Energy
Recovery
Pounds
491,329,899
419,022,752
348,009,065
341,738,331
259,727,488
173,643,561
171,436,688
146,085,339
86,567,296
67,079,131
54,868,129
51,236,673
40,155,967
38,520,616
33,869,703
30,886,968
30,874,832
28,247,194
26,800,672
24,893,682
23,492,775
21,900,007
19,823,024
18,076,031
17,704,216
2,965,990,039
3,350,119,881
Q) Compound categories do not have CAS numbers ().
123
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Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
BEVMIIN
Table 2-9. Top 25 Chemicals Reported as Treated, 1993.
CAS
Numberฎ
7664-93-9
7647-01-0
67-56-1
7664-41-7
74-85-1
7664-38-2
7697-37-2
7782-50-5
76-13-1
115-07-1
108-88-3
67-64-1
7664-39-3
7429-90-5
107-21-1
1330-20-7
10049-04-4
50-00-0
78-93-3
7440-50-8
107-06-2
7783-20-2
Chemical
Sulfuric acid
Hydrochloric acid
Methanol
Ammonia
Ethylene
Phosphoric acid
Nitric acid
Chlorine
Freon 113
Propylene
Toluene
Copper compounds
Acetone
Hydrogen fluoride
Aluminum (fume or dust)
Chromium compounds
Ethylene glycol
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Chlorine dioxide
Formaldehyde
Methyl ethyl ketone
Copper
1,2-Dichloroethane
Ammonium sulfate (solution)
Glycol ethers
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Treated
On-site
Pounds
2,946,897,184
1,874,940,919
865,266,811
376,888,157
373,484,832
301,206,759
284,783,246
245,067,216
230,213,438
216,034,848
155,856,226
142,266,907
104,039,141
115,796,794
110,206,399
90,265,144
58,288,557
61,640,809
68,087,901
57,588,167
54,609,698
52,355,544
50,109,912
10,467,831
27,921,395
8,874,283,835
9,768,273,293
Treated
Off-site
Pounds
53,225,378
74,433,384
122,069,287
74,745,186
87,955
5,209,738
13,804,906
1,092,286
520,517
388,948
16,997,430
2,297,055
20,485,217
2,212,698
3,571,325
16,783,289
26,791,740
7,941,438
130
4,452,189
6,533,657
1,367,076
1,808,104
34,290,535
14,735,428
505,844,896
657,785,097
Total
Treated
Pounds
3,000,122,562
1,949,374,303
987,336,098
451,633,343
373,572,787
306,416,497
298,588,152
246,159,502
230,733,955
216,423,796
172,853,656
144,563,962
124,524,358
118,009,492
113,777,724
107,048,433
85,080,297
69,582,247
68,088,031
62,040,356
61,143,355
53,722,620
51,918,016
44,758,366
42,656,823
9,380,128,731
10,426,058,390
Compound categories do not have CAS numbers ( ).
124
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Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
Table 2-10. Top 25 Chemicals Reported as Released (Includes Off-site Disposal), 1993.
CAS
Numberฎ
7664-41-7
7664-93-9
7647-01-0
67-56-1
7664-38-2
108-88-3
67-64-1
1330-20-7
75-15-0
78-93-3
7782-50-5
75-09-2
71-55-6
6484-52-2
100-42-5
74-85-1
71-36-3
79-01-6
108-10-1
Chemical
Ammonia
Sulfuric acid
Hydrochloric acid
Methanol
Phosphoric acid
Toluene
Zinc compounds
Acetone
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Carbon disulfide
Methyl ethyl ketone
Chlorine
Dichloromethane
Manganese compounds
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Copper compounds
Ammonium nitrate (solution)
Chromium compounds
Glycol ethers
Styrene
Ethylene
n-Butyl alcohol
Trichloroethylene
Lead compounds
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Quantity
Released/Disposed of
Pounds
396,799,112
254,999,222
241,034,754
222,161,442
214,596,798
181,399,292
135,266,664
128,689,551
111,710,327
93,697,475
85,805,403
76,351,231
66,718,011
65,340,486
64,594,783
55,263,710
50,204,276
47,567,578
47,436,469
35,192,263
32,082,205
30,861,821
29,884,219
28,070,134
25,426,035
2,721,153,261
3,206,362,816
Compound categories do not have CAS numbers ().
125
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Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
HMOTIIN
RELATIONSHIP OF THIS WASTE
MANAGEMENT INFORMATION
TO THE RELEASE AND
TRANSFER DATA
Some of the information collected on waste
management is an aggregation of information
that is collected on releases to the environment
and transfers off-site in other sections of Form
R. It may be helpful to look at the TRI
reporting form (Form R) in Appendix F to better
understand how the release and transfer data
relate to the waste management information.
Releases of toxic chemicals to the environment
on-site are reported in Section 5 of the form and
off-site transfers of toxic chemicals are reported
in Section 6. Both on- and off-site management
of toxic chemicals in waste is reported in
Section 8.
Facilities estimate total releases of the toxic
chemical to air, land, and water, as well as
underground injection, in Section 5 of Form R.
The estimates include releases that are routine to
production operations as well as those that are
non-routine, such as releases due to catastrophic
events like the collapse of a tank due to a
tornado or remedial actions like the clean-up of
contaminated soil. In Section 6, facilities
estimate the total amounts of the toxic chemical
transferred to POTWs or to other off-site
locations for the purposes of recycling, energy
recovery, treatment, or disposal. Again, the
estimates would include quantities from routine
production operations as well as non-routine
events. The information reported in Sections 5
and 6 forms the basis for much of the
information in Section 8, but is aggregated in
different ways.
Quantities of the toxic chemical released to the
environment or transferred off-site in waste for
management "as a result of remedial actions,
catastrophic events, or one-time events not
associated with production processes" are
aggregated and reported in Section 8 (8.8). If a
facility reports a quantity in this section, then
the release and transfer data in Sections 5 and 6
will not directly match the release and transfer
data in Section 8. However, if a facility does
not report a quantity in this section, the release
and transfer data in Sections 5 and 6 should
match the release and transfer data in Section 8.
Issues Associated
with the Waste Management
Information Reported for 1993
Examination of the data reported for 1993
indicates that many facilities are continuing to
report inconsistent data in the separate sections
of Form R. EPA provided some guidelines for
reducing discrepancies in data reported in
separate sections of Form R during the 1993
reporting year and anticipates promulgation of
final guidance for the data required by the PPA
during 1995. The promulgation of this final
guidance will involve a public comment period
so that the public will have an opportunity to
comment on the instructions EPA has
developed. These instructions have
incorporated some of the results of a dialog
process involving representatives of
environmental groups, industry, states, and
academia. Along with the instructions, EPA
will also propose a redesign of the Form R to
better integrate the information collected in
Section 8 with the other sections of Form R.
This redesign will involve Sections 5, 6, 7, and
8 of the Form. A notice in the Federal Register
for both the guidance and Form R redesign will
appear in the summer. With the promulgation
of final guidance and a redesigned Form R by
EPA, the information reported in different
sections of the TRI will be more consistent and
will allow for more accurate analyses and
comparable data across states, industries, and
facilities.
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Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
WWW
Correlating Information in
Different Sections of Form R
Through comparisons of the information
presented in this chapter and the information
provided in Chapter 1, it is evident that similar
information reported in different sections of
Form R is not always consistent. In some cases,
information on quantities of the toxic chemicals
transferred off-site (reported in Section 6) does
not match with the information on waste
management (reported in Section 8). Some
facilities reported quantities sent off-site, but did
not provide a code indicating the waste
management activity to which the quantity was
subject (recycling, energy recovery, treatment,
or disposal). Some facilities reported quantities
sent off-site, but provided codes that are not in
the instructions for completing Form R; those
codes cannot be assigned to any particular off-
site activity and, along with the quantities that
have no codes, are considered as "other" off-site
activities.
Even with the use of valid codes, however,
some discrepancies still exist. These are shown
in Table 2-11. EPA believes that these
discrepancies are primarily a problem in relating
the data reported in different sections of Form R
and that this problem will diminish over time.
Comparing data for 1991 through 1993,
facilities appear to be improving the quality of
the data reported as the gap between the
quantities reported in different sections of Form
R is narrowing. For example, the discrepancy in
the quantities reported as sent off-site for
recycling has decreased from nearly a billion
pounds for 1991 data, to 634 million pounds for
1992 data, and now to 72 million pounds for
1993 data. It must be realized, however, that
quantities reported in Section 8 and those
reported in Sections 5 and 6 cannot always
correlate if non-production related waste is
reported in Section 8. When reported, non-
production related waste quantities are included
in the amounts reported in Sections 5 and 6, but
as discussed previously, those quantities are
reported separately in Section 8.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT
SPECIFIC ELEMENTS MEAN
Quantities recycled. The largest discrepancy in
the information provided in Form R is the
difference between what is reported as recycled
off-site in Section 8 and what is reported as sent
off-site for recycling in Section 6. This
discrepancy, about 72 million pounds, may be
due to factors beyond just relating the data
reported in different sections of Form R.
Facilities may have interpreted what was to be
reported as recycled off-site in Section 8
differently from what was to be reported as sent
off-site as a transfer in waste (Section 6). When
reporting off-site transfers for the purposes of
Table 2-11. Difference in Release and Transfer Data and Waste Management Data, 1993.
Management Activity
Off-site recycling
Off-site energy recovery
Off-site treatment
Releases and off-site disposal
Quantity
Reported in
Sections 5 and 6
Pounds
3,252,166,922
487,380,037
642,425,089
3,135,690,228
Quantity
Reported in
Section 8
Pounds
3,324,614,075
511,774,941
657,785,097
3,206,362,816
Difference
Pounds
72,447,153
24,394,904
15,360,008
70,672,588
Difference as
Percent of
Section 8
Quantity
Percent
2.2
4.8
2.3
2.2
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Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
wwm
recycling, some facilities believe that what is to
be reported in Section 8 is inherently different
from what is to be reported in Section 6. They
view off-site recycling reported in Section 6 as
the recycling of the toxic chemical in waste,
while off-site recycling reported in Section 8 is
viewed more broadly so as to include recycling
of toxic chemicals in materials that are not
considered waste by the facility. For example, a
facility ships silver residuals off-site to a
jewelry manufacturer and reports the transfer in
Section 8 but not in Section 6. The facility
considers the silver recycled off-site, but does
not consider the silver to be "in waste." EPA is
considering these issues as it develops final
guidance for reporting quantities recycled both
on- and off-site.
Quantities reported as recycled on-site may be
greater than the actual amount of the toxic
chemical used at the facility, depending on how
the facility reported. For example, a facility
used a total of 15,000 pounds of 1,1,1-
trichloroethane for cleaning and other purposes
during the reporting year. The toxic chemical
was recycled in batches for a total of 15 batches,
resulting in the recovery of 225,000 pounds of
1,1,1 -trichloroethane during that year. This
quantity is much greater than the amount of the
toxic chemical that was used at the facility, but
reflects the amounts of 1,1,1-trichloroethane in
waste managed at the facility during the
reporting year. However, not all facilities have
reported in this manner.
Quantities combusted for energy recovery.
Facilities are instructed not to report metals or
metal compounds, as well as other chemicals
that have no significant fuel value, as combusted
for energy recovery. Some facilities do not
follow these instructions, as is evident in Table
2-6. In the case of metal compounds, the parent
metals do not contribute heating value to the
combusted waste and are either ultimately
discharged to air or remain in the ash, which is
usually disposed of.
Quantities treated on-site. While facilities
were instructed to include only those quantities
destroyed through treatment in this data
element, some facilities have misinterpreted
how to report these quantities. This is evident
through examination of Table 2-9, the top 25
chemicals reported as treated, which reveals that
two of the top chemicals reported as treated are
metal compounds (copper compounds and
chromium compounds) and two others are
metals (aluminum fume or dust and copper).
The metals or parent metals in any of the
compounds may be removed from waste, but are
not destroyed through on-site treatment and so
these metals and metal compounds should not
be reported as treated on-site. Such
misinterpretations can cause facilities to inflate
the amount of TRI chemical in waste or to
incorrectly characterize the ultimate disposition
of the chemical in waste. For example, the
parent metals in metal compounds are ultimately
released or disposed of and that final disposition
should be reported.
Quantities treated off-site. In reporting
transfers off-site, facilities are instructed to
provide the ultimate known disposition of the
toxic chemical. For example, in a situation
where a metal is sent off-site and stabilized prior
to disposal in a landfill, the quantity of the metal
sent off-site should be reported as disposed of,
not treated, off-site in both Sections 6 and 8 of
Form R. There may be situations, however,
where the facility does not know whether the
TRI chemical is destroyed through treatment or
what the final disposition of the chemical is.
Therefore, quantities reported as treated off-site
can sometimes represent amounts that are
ultimately released or disposed of. This is the
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Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
WEVEWIIN
case whenever metal compounds are reported as
treated off-site because the parent metals will
not be destroyed and will ultimately be released
or disposed of.
Similar occurrences can be found with transfers
to POTWs. Facilities are instructed to consider
all quantities transferred to POTWs as
transferred off-site for treatment for the purpose
of reporting in Section 8 of Form R. However,
POTWs can have varying levels of treatment
capabilities, which means that a TRI chemical
sent to a POTW may or may not have been
destroyed. Metal compounds and certain
organic chemicals can be passed through a
POTW, meaning that they were discharged
directly from the POTW, or contained in the
sludges from the POTW, which are ultimately
disposed of on land. When such reporting
occurs, quantities reported as treated off-site
represent amounts that are ultimately released or
disposed of.
WHAT IS BEING DONE TO
REDUCE THIS WASTE?
Facilities are required to provide information on
any source reduction activity implemented
during the reporting (calendar) year. (Source
reduction is defined in Box 2-2.) Source
reduction activities are those that reduce or
prevent the need for a quantity of the reported
toxic chemical to be recycled, used for energy
recovery, treated, or released (including
disposal). Of the 23,321 facilities that
submitted Form Rs for 1993, 8,135 indicated
that they implemented source reduction for at
least one chemical. Of the 79,987 Form Rs
submitted, 19,732 indicated that source
reduction had been implemented. Comparing
this to data submitted for the 1992 and 1991
reporting years, there has been a slight decline
in the number of facilities and forms indicating
the implementation of source reduction:
facilities from 36.5% in 1991 to 34.9% in 1993
and forms from 25.7% to 24.7%.
The categories or types of source reduction
activities that can be reported, as well as the
more specific activities reported under each
category, are shown in Box 2-3. The most
frequently reported categories of source
reduction activities were good operating
practices, process modifications, and spill and
leak prevention activities. These categories
were also most frequently reported for 1992 and
1991.
A reported source reduction activity could have
been implemented at any time during the
reporting year. This is important to consider
when analyzing the source reduction activities
reported and the impact that those activities
might have had on the total quantity of waste
that had to be managed. The implementation of
a source reduction activity late in the reporting
year would have had a smaller impact on the
amount of waste that was managed than the
implementation of the same activity earlier in
the reporting year.
Facilities are also required to report the
method(s) used to identify the reported source
reduction activity. The methods are:
Internal pollution prevention opportunity
audit(s)
External pollution prevention opportunity
audit(s)
Materials balance audits
Participative team management
Employee recommendation (independent of
a formal company program)
Employee recommendation (under a formal
company program)
State government technical assistance
program
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Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Waste
Federal government technical assistance
program
Trade association/industry technical
assistance program
Vendor assistance
Other
The most frequently reported methods of
identifying opportunities for source reduction
measures were participative team management
and internal pollution prevention opportunity
audits. The frequency for these methods and the
association between reported source reduction
activities and the methods used to identify the
opportunities for them are shown in Table 2-12.
The states of Texas, Ohio, California, Illinois,
and Pennsylvania had the greatest number of
forms reporting source reduction activities.
Good operating practices and process
modifications continue to be reported most
frequently as the types of source reduction
activities implemented (see Table 2-13).
Consistent with the national picture, the most
frequent methods of identifying opportunities
for source reduction for facilities in these states
were participative team management and
internal pollution prevention opportunity audits
(see Table 2-14).
Among industries, the greatest number of forms
submitted indicating source reduction were from
the chemical industry and the fabricated metals
sector. However, the measurements/photo-
graphic equipment, furniture, printing, and
leather sectors had the greatest percentages of
forms indicating source reduction (see Table
2-15). The measurements/photographic equip-
ment sector also had the greatest percentage of
facilities reporting source reduction activities
(see Table 2-16). Methods used to identify
source reduction activities by industry are listed
in Table 2-17.
The top 50 chemicals for which source
reduction was reported and the methods used to
identify those activities are listed in Tables 2-18
and 2-19. The chemical for which source
reduction was reported most frequently was
toluene. The activities most frequently reported
to reduce the amount of toluene entering waste
included good operating practices, surface
preparation and finishing, and process
What is Source Reduction?
Through pollution prevention, risks to people and the environment can be reduced, financial and
natural resources can be saved that would otherwise have to be expended on environmental clean-up or
pollution control, and industrial processes can become more efficient. Pollution prevention is source
reduction, which is defined in the PPA as any practice that:
reduces the amount of any hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant entering any waste
stream or otherwise released into the environment (including fugitive emissions); and
reduces the hazards to public health and the environment associated with the release of such
substances, pollutants, or contaminants.
Pollution prevention practices can include equipment, process, procedure, or technology modifi-
cations, reformulation or redesign of products, substitution of raw materials, and improvements in
maintenance and inventory controls. Under this definition, waste management activities, including
recycling, treatment, and disposal, are not considered forms of pollution prevention.
Box 2-2. What is Source Reduction?
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Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
Source Reduction Activity Codes
Good Operating Practices
W13 Improved maintenance scheduling, recordkeeping, or procedures
W14 Changed production schedule to minimize equipment and feedstock changeovers
W19 Other changes in operating practices
Inventory Control
W21 Instituted procedures to ensure that materials do not stay in inventory beyond shelf-life
W22 Began to test outdated material continue to use if still effective
W23 Eliminated shelf-life requirements for stable materials
W24 Instituted better labelling procedures
W25 Instituted clearinghouse to exchange materials that would otherwise be discarded
W29 Other changes in inventory control
Spill and Leak Prevention
W31 Improved storage or stacking procedures
W32 Improved procedures for loading, unloading, and transfer operations
W33 Installed overflow alarms or automatic shut-off valves
W35 Installed vapor recovery systems
W36 Implemented inspection or monitoring program of potential spill or leak sources
W39 Other spill and leak prevention
Raw Material Modifications
W41 Increased purity of raw materials
W42 Substituted raw materials
W49 Other raw material modifications
Process Modifications
W51 Instituted recirculation within a process
W52 Modified equipment, layout, or piping
W53 Use of a different process catalyst
W54 Instituted better controls on operating bulk containers to minimize discarding of empty containers
W55 Changed from small volume containers to bulk containers to minimize discarding of empty containers
W58 Other process modifications
Cleaning and Degreasing
W59 Modified stripping/cleaning equipment
W60 Changed to mechanical stripping/cleaning devices (from solvents or other materials)
W61 Changed to aqueous cleaners (from solvents or other materials)
W63 Modified containment procedures for cleaning units
W64 Improved draining procedures
W65 Redesigned parts racks to reduce dragout
W66 Modified or installed rinse systems
W67 Improved rinse equipment design
W68 Improved rinse equipment operation
W71 Other cleaning and degreasing modifications
Surface Preparation and Finishing
W72 Modified spray systems or equipment
W73 Substituted coating materials used
W74 Improved application techniques
W75 Changed from spray to other system
W78 Other surface preparation and finishing modifications
Product Modifications
W81 Changed product specifications
W82 Modified design or composition
W83 Modified packaging
W89 Other product modifications
Box 2-3. Source Reduction Activity Codes.
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Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
Table 2-12. Methods Used to Identify Source Reduction Activity for Each Source Reduction Activity (Number of
Times Each Method was Reported), 1993.
Source
Reduction
Activity
Good Operating Practices
W13
W14
W19
Inventory Control
W21
W22
W23
W24
W25
W29
Spill and Leak Prevention
W31
W32
W33
W35
W36
W39
Raw Material Modifications
W41
W42
W49
Process Modifications
W51
W52
W53
W54
W55
W58
Cleaning and Degreasing
W59
W60
W61
W63
W64
W65
W66
W67
W68
Surface Preparation/Finishing
W71
W72
W73
W74
W75
W78
Product Modifications
W81
W82
W83
W89
Total
Percent of Total
Pollution Prevention
Opportunity Audit
Internal
3,542
1,774
521
1,247
822
245
90
11
76
52
348
2,856
260
674
161
224
856
681
1,188
69
957
162
2,605
500
959
58
124
183
781
678
87
35
353
40
50
16
24
25
48
857
211
202
229
117
38
60
391
130
190
1
70
12,939
21.8
External
337
233
22
82
111
20
10
5
20
14
42
391
53
84
26
62
95
71
136
2
111
23
335
35
165
5
10
50
70
72
6
0
40
4
13
1
1
2
5
116
32
31
34
15
0
4
46
8
29
1
8
1,544
2.6
Materials
Balance
Audit
1,416
769
222
425
554
191
57
7
14
20
265
539
66
106
44
61
130
132
345
23
256
66
852
240
259
9
52
41
251
136
24
4
39
10
15
12
2
3
27
357
53
94
98
98
6
8
81
28
36
3
14
4,280
7.2
Participative
Team
Management
5,230
2,268
1,091
1,871
1,288
385
211
8
149
99
436
2,322
252
582
205
156
659
468
1,395
105
1,107
183
3,254
594
1,158
69
135
214
1,084
798
102
37
377
48
83
30
25
18
78
1,135
288
186
312
213
57
79
751
204
405
19
123
16,173
27.2
Employee
Informal
1,811
849
383
579
371
128
85
4
23
23
108
930
142
287
44
39
225
193
428
54
321
53
1,212
200
447
24
49
100
392
289
45
8
98
30
40
23
12
12
21
328
69
95
66
73
9
16
189
61
104
1
23
5,558
9.4
Recommendation
Formal
Program
1,033
420
204
409
252
98
50
1
22
14
67
631
48
161
39
40
189
154
309
15
249
45
775
122
276
8
57
83
229
191
23
1
69
23
23
11
2
11
28
200
88
32
30
23
11
16
219
65
106
5
43
3,610
6.1
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Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
ntEVENHIN
Table 2-12.
Source
Reduction
Activity
Good Operating Practices
W13
W14
W19
Inventory Control
W21
W22
W23
W24
W25
W29
Spill and Leak Prevention
W31
W32
W33
W35
W36
W39
Raw Material Modifications
W41
W42
W49
Process Modifications
W51
W52
W53
W54
W55
W58
Cleaning and Degreasing
W59
W60
W61
W63
W64
W65
W66
W67
W68
Surface Preparation/Finishing
W71
W72
W73
W74
W75
W78
Product Modifications
W81
W82
W83
W89
Total
Percent of Total
State
Program
87
39
13
35
41
3
5
0
6
8
19
77
14
5
0
10
30
18
19
0
16
3
59
9
25
5
2
5
13
34
6
0
19
0
2
2
0
3
2
38
9
14
5
6
0
4
12
1
9
0
2
367
0.6
Federal
Program
10
3
0
7
3
0
1
0
1
0
1
22
0
5
2
0
10
5
19
0
19
0
16
5
2
1
1
0
7
9
0
0
6
0
0
2
1
0
0
9
2
2
1
4
0
0
4
4
0
0
0
92
0.2
Trade/
Industry
Program
438
157
53
228
142
14
3
1
2
13
109
270
22
65
9
26
97
51
246
11
182
53
338
31
83
8
24
12
180
128
7
6
76
6
14
2
7
7
3
309
25
115
73
81
8
7
173
31
118
0
24
2,044
3.4
Vendor
Assistance
1,015
458
127
430
410
168
38
0
19
34
151
580
55
156
38
80
153
98
1,616
79
1,197
340
1,219
179
411
76
77
139
337
546
78
26
323
19
25
12
20
18
25
1,419
143
402
514
251
34
75
454
167
228
10
49
7,259
12.2
Other
1,322
494
171
657
315
71
51
2
44
29
118
955
101
118
29
77
351
279
665
47
458
160
1,242
118
348
21
74
48
633
191
24
9
119
7
12
4
6
2
8
465
93
67
134
120
26
25
417
122
178
6
111
5,572
9.4
Total Number
of Times
Reported
16,241
7,464
2,807
5,970
4,309
1,323
601
39
376
306
1,664
9,573
1,013
2,243
597
775
2,795
2,150
6,366
405
4,873
1,088
11,907
2,033
4,133
284
605
875
3,977
3,072
402
126
1,519
187
277
115
100
101
245
5,233
1,013
1,240
1,496
1,001
189
294
2,737
821
1,403
46
467
59,438
100.0
Percent of
Total
Reported
27.32
12.56
4.72
10.04
7.25
2.23
1.01
0.07
0.63
0.51
2.80
16.11
1.70
3.77
1.00
1.30
4.70
3.62
10.71
0.68
8.20
1.83
20.03
3.42
6.95
0.48
1.02
1.47
6.69
5.17
0.68
0.21
2.56
0.31
0.47
0.19
0.17
0.17
0.41
8.80
1.70
2.09
2.52
1.68
0.32
0.49
4.60
1.38
2.36
0.08
0.79
100.00
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Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
Table 2-13. Number of TRI Facilities and Forms Reporting Source Reduction, by Source Reduction Category, by
State, 1993.
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Facilities Reporting Source
Reduction Activities
Number
of TRI
Facilities
517
8
3
180
398
1,758
189
388
75
512
731
18
58
1,387
1,041
427
288
445
322
111
209
588
970
523
330
590
23
172
39
126
700
41
847
965
33
1,669
255
256
1,262
177
158
493
64
694
1,240
143
44
3
473
312
154
883
29
23,321
Number
150
3
2
86
125
741
74
154
25
177
231
6
14
424
387
138
100
130
113
51
64
244
338
255
108
201
2
49
17
50
199
15
307
352
11
525
75
106
435
51
57
172
17
240
442
52
17
1
147
122
63
264
6
8,135
Percent of
All Facilities
in the State
29.0
37.5
66.7
47.8
31.4
42.2
39.2
39.7
33.3
34.6
31.6
33.3
24.1
30.6
37.2
32.3
34.7
29.2
35.1
45.9
30.6
41.5
34.8
48.8
32.7
34.1
8.7
28.5
43.6
39.7
28.4
36.6
36.2
36.5
33.3
31.5
29.4
41.4
34.5
28.8
36.1
34.9
26.6
34.6
35.6
36.4
38.6
33.3
31.1
39.1
40.9
29.9
20.7
34.9
Number
of TRI
Forms
1,930
50
6
508
1,299
5,078
511
1,115
286
1,436
2,451
66
162
4,899
3,693
1,288
1,017
1,698
2,017
354
648
1,654
3,759
1,513
1,128
1,979
142
526
97
343
2,575
140
2,592
2,993
91
5,907
836
111
4,252
579
439
1,886
120
2,297
5,970
519
113
30
1,567
995
733
2,781
142
79,987
Forms Reporting Source
Reduction Activities
Percent of
All Forms
Number in the State
426
11
2
177
273
1,691
158
283
46
336
551
30
25
1,125
1,069
287
284
300
405
105
135
527
947
582
271
462
17
110
29
94
399
46
724
817
19
1,289
169
234
1,049
95
123
417
23
549
1,451
123
35
1
332
274
171
611
23
19,732
22.1
22.0
33.3
34.8
21.0
33.3
30.9
25.4
16.1
23.4
22.5
45.5
15.4
23.0
28.9
22.3
27.9
17.7
20.1
29.7
20.8
31.9
25.2
38.5
24.0
23.3
12.0
20.9
29.9
27.4
15.5
32.9
27.9
27.3
20.9
21.8
20.2
30.1
24.7
16.4
28.0
22.1
19.2
23.9
24.3
23.7
31.0
3.3
21.2
27.5
23.3
22.0
16.2
24.7
134
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
nmrn
Table 2-13.
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Category of Source Reduction Activity (number of forms reporting)
Good
Operating
Practices
258
0
0
76
110
1,020
81
157
16
173
241
16
11
567
472
131
133
133
162
53
57
298
523
309
111
206
12
52
15
17
186
37
403
307
3
627
80
94
514
36
61
181
12
289
571
59
14
1
166
128
79
307
11
9,576
Inventory
Control
55
0
0
19
38
275
18
45
1
28
55
6
2
143
162
11
59
20
30
9
37
91
136
73
12
45
2
10
0
5
33
0
94
160
1
110
29
36
167
22
20
27
7
69
131
12
0
0
39
45
14
46
0
2,449
Spill
and Leak
Prevention
110
5
2
63
67
640
33
39
9
112
194
23
2
324
223
62
78
60
186
8
44
87
205
130
101
177
13
23
12
18
106
2
173
238
0
258
51
59
265
28
37
137
7
126
667
19
3
0
119
89
40
113
14
5,601
Raw
Material
Modifi-
cations
60
0
0
63
46
224
23
33
14
69-
120
0
5
258
253
79
52
46
49
29
17
119
218
125
40
111
0
41
5
26
87
2
160
197
3
251
32
58
197
15
28
73
9
121
157
17
5
0
80
49
17
154
1
3,838
Process
Modifi-
cations
125
6
1
80
115
551
67
108
13
112
218
0
20
419
414
91
95
134
204
32
64
183
347
207
77
141
2
33
14
27
103
21
239
243
11
473
46
101
402
47
43
170
6
149
573
41
17
0
91
115
81
178
24
7,074
Cleaning
and
Degreasing
26
0
0
39
35
294
22
82
4
68
47
7
0
156
151
26
28
30
24
13
13
95
118
77
15
40
1
25
3
18
44
3
105
49
2
139
21
24
108
21
30
30
6
32
157
11
3
0
41
50
2
58
2
2,395
Surface
Preparation
and
Finishing
48
0
0
4
55
108
19
10
3
40
47
0
1
61
215
42
39
41
50
23
6
33
136
92
70
60
0
19
1
9
21
3
81
209
3
129
34
33
135
6
8
23
5
81
105
25
5
0
42
36
9
92
0
2,317
Product
Modifi-
cations
35
0
0
11
36
144
9
23
5
26
38
0
0
128
87
22
34
23
15
5
11
55
102
39
7
42
0
10
2
5
37
6
65
67
2
133
28
27
95
1
9
43
1
58
79
17
1
0
27
26
11
50
1
1,698
135
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
nmm
Table 2-14. Methods Used to Identify Reported Source Reduction Activities, by State, 1993.
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Percent of Total
Pollution Prevention
Opportunity Audit
Internal
160
0
0
95
113
777
53
117
16
125
193
27
9
394
367
96
98
89
164
45
65
207
358
256
92
167
12
44
10
28
154
18
316
300
6
436
69
63
398
44
44
185
5
175
717
55
18
0
122
148
46
203
14
7,713
21.0
External
28
0
0
13
11
119
4
9
2
16
24
3
1
54
53
21
19
4
4
3
7
30
51
10
5
20
0
13
1
3
12
0
28
11
0
77
3
5
55
11
12
15
2
29
67
8
0
0
14
17
7
18
0
919
2.5
Materials
Balance
Audit
70
4
0
44
28
239
21
28
10
61
63
0
2
123
100
51
61
33
53
7
7
80
101
41
38
58
0
7
5
15
69
4
110
108
0
136
25
32
153
16
19
82
1
87
181
12
5
0
67
26
23
65
1
2,572
7.0
Participative
Team
Management
229
2
0
98
133
796
73
165
22
156
234
7
15
535
532
121
135
155
211
62
62
267
509
314
109
205
3
41
17
47
178
16
334
290
12
604
80
130
515
37
59
230
16
239
650
44
15
0
130
130
84
292
14
9,354
25.5
Employee
Informal
87
0
1
34
51
276
32
47
9
63
90
0
3
196
170
46
54
51
77
19
16
86
154
158
47
74
2
32
8
20
41
14
149
98
1
289
33
66
186
6
45
69
4
109
224
11
6
0
40
44
30
115
12
3,495
9.5
Recommendation
Formal
Program
88
0
0
13
28
218
17
29
6
12
64
0
12
195
122
29
28
28
60
8
12
53
97
57
43
46
12
34
0
7
28
2
89
44
0
125
23
33
100
16
27
27
0
36
133
22
5
0
9
28
10
69
1
2,145
5.9
136
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
IffiVEffllN
Table 2-14.
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Percent of Total
State
Program
0
0
0
2
0
13
0
5
2
3
3
0
0
4
6
5
1
2
1
4
8
25
8
33
3
1
0
0
0
0
9
0
3
14
0
9
1
4
5
2
1
10
0
22
14
0
2
0
0
19
0
15
0
259
0.7
Federal
Program
7
0
0
3
0
5
0
2
1
5
8
0
0
0
3
0
1
1
2
2
0
6
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
1
1
0
2
0
0
3
0
0
1
0
3
9
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
72
0.2
Trade/
Industry
Program
35
2
0
5
17
149
6
19
2
27
30
0
2
75
78
11
13
16
38
3
15
16
52
27
4
21
0
14
1
3
12
0
28
85
0
64
1
27
41
4
5
25
3
53
71
5
4
0
17
27
3
29
4
1,189
3.2
Vendor
Assistance
96
2
0
34
53
311
43
55
12
89
135
0
6
302
398
95
76
76
54
38
26
102
225
128
81
132
1
52
5
19
63
5
174
324
11
371
45
78
250
17
31
86
11
186
260
27
11
0
78
75
50
207
10
5,016
13.7
Other
79
5
0
17
44
415
36
38
4
72
146
4
4
277
192
42
87
63
81
16
26
95
176
74
43
106
0
13
8
14
79
5
134
160
4
256
30
38
199
28
27
58
3
96
280
37
1
1
73
61
34
131
4
3,916
10.7
137
-------
ChaptersPrevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
Table 2-15. Number of TRI Facilities and Forms Reporting Source Reduction, by Industry, 1991-1993.
SIC
Code
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Industry
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay/Glass
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transportation Equip.
Measure ./Photo.
Miscellaneous
Multiple codes 20-39ฎ
No codes 20-39ฎ
Total
Facilities
Reporting Source
Reduction Activities
1991
TRI
Facilities
Number
2,087
23
462
43
758
577
633
421
4,315
431
1,883
161
687
1,962
3,310
1,147
1,699
1,316
453
417
1,626
221
24,632
1991
Number
432
7
148
13
242
236
279
191
1,760
157
733
67
198
515
1,118
404
784
561
231
160
704
47
8,987
Percent of All
Facilities
in Industry
Percent
20.7
30.4
32.0
30.2
31.9
40.9
44.1
45.4
40.8
36.4
38.9
41.6
28.8
26.2
33.8
35.2
46.1
42.6
51.0
38.4
43.3
21.3
36.5
1992
TRI
Facilities
Number
2,052
21
479
49
735
570
591
393
4,228
429
1,896
160
650
1,937
3,221
1,129
1,588
1,274
422
388
1,674
205
24,091
Facilities
Reporting Source
Facilities Reporting Source
Reduction Activities
1992
Number
416
4
167
10
197
252
255
185
1,682
168
730
59
191
466
1,064
391
691
567
214
136
704
35
8,584
Percent of AU
Facilities
in Industry
Percent
20.3
19.0
34.9
20.4
26.8
44.2
43.1
47.1
39.8
39.2
38.5
36.9
29.4
24.1
33.0
34.6
43.5
44.5
50.7
35.1
42.1
17.1
35.6
1993
TRI
Facilities
Number
2,069
20
465
42
732
557
569
317
4,150
404
1,858
149
638
1,898
3,132
1,063
1,436
1,273
371
390
1,609
179
23,321
Reduction Activities
1993
Number
416
9
134
15
201
245
227
128
1,622
169
657
59
190
465
988
349
620
569
201
143
682
46
8,135
Percent of AU
Facilities
in Industry
Percent
20.1
45.0
28.8
35.7
27.5
44.0
39.9
40.4
39.1
41.8
35.4
39.6
29.8
24.5
31.5
32.8
43.2
44.7
54.2
36.7
42.4
25.7
34.9
138
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Waste
wsm
Table 2-15.
Industry
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay/Glass
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transportation Equip.
Measure ./Photo.
Miscellaneous
Multiple codes 20-39ฎ
No codes 20-39ฉ
Total
Forms Reporting Source
Reduction Activities
1991
TRI
Forms
Number
3,876
47
1,030
80
2,037
1,811
2,552
843
23,383
3,447
4,542
405
1,707
7,075
9,384
3,145
5,113
5,124
1,171
1,035
6,193
791
84,791
1991
Number
620
9
263
22
564
698
582
294
6203
801
1295
131
455
1323
2121
718
1597
1469
435
316
1725
109
21,750
Percent of
All Forms
from Industry
Percent
16.0
19.1
25.5
27.5
27.7
38.5
22.8
34.9
26.5
23.2
28.5
32.3
26.7
18.7
22.6
22.8
31.2
28.7
37.1
30.5
27.9
13.8
25.7
1992
TRI
Forms
Number
3,815
42
996
91
1,975
1,827
2,493
747
22,728
3,390
4,458
406
1,570
6,888
9,157
3,048
4,716
4,947
1,098
947
6,252
682
82,273
Forms Reporting Source
Reduction Activities
1992
Number
594
7
269
13
471
729
552
272
5827
792
1294
125
387
1256
2003
726
1362
1378
400
279
1809
107
20,652
Percent of
AH Forms
from Industry
Percent
15.6
16.7
27.0
14.3
23.8
39.9
22.1
36.4
25.6
23.4
29.0
30.8
24.6
18.2
21.9
23.8
28.9
27.9
36.4
29.5
28.9
15.7
25.1
1993
TRI
Forms
Number
3,851
43
962
76
1,931
1,848
2,487
631
22,363
3,255
4,293
367
1,554
6,847
8,885
2,900
4,283
4,908
991
955
5,914
643
79,987
Forms Reporting Source
Reduction Activities
1993
Number
609
10
210
17
500
680
503
200
5,668
785
1,174
116
398
1,189
1,972
660
1,183
1,383
379
297
1,683
116
19,732
Percent of
All Forms
from Industry
Percent
15.8
23.3
21.8
22.4
25.9
36.8
20.2
31.7
25.3
24.1
27.3
31.6
25.6
17.4
22.2
22.8
27.6
28.2
38.2
31.1
28.5
18.0
24.7
Facilities/forms that reported more than one 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 [e.g., paper (26) and chemicals (28)].
Facilities/forms that did not report an SIC code or reported SIC codes outside the 20-to-39 range.
139
-------
TOffllN
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
Table 2-16. Number of TRI Facilities and Forms Reporting Source Reduction, by Source Reduction Category, by
Industry, 1993.
SIC
Code
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Industry
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay/Glass
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transportation Equip.
Measure./Photo.
Miscellaneous
Multiple codes 20-39ฉ
No codes 20-39ฎ
Total
Facilities Reporting Source
Reduction Activities
Number
of TRI
Facilities
2,069
20
465
42
732
557
569
317
4,150
404
1,858
149
638
1,898
3,132
1,063
1,436
1,273
371
390
1,609
179
23,321
Number
416
9
134
15
201
245
227
128
1,622
169
657
59
190
465
988
349
620
569
201
143
682
46
8,135
Percent of All
Facilities
in the Industry
20.1
45.0
28.8
35.7
27.5
44.0
39.9
40.4
39.1
41.8
35.4
39.6
29.8
24.5
31.5
32.8
43.2
44.7
54.2
36.7
42.4
25.7
34.9
Number
of TRI
Forms
3,851
43
962
76
1,931
1,848
2,487
631
22,363
3,255
4,293
367
1,554
6,847
8,885
2,900
4,283
4,908
991
955
5,914
643
79,987
Forms Reporting Source
Reduction Activities
Number
609
10
210
17
500
680
503
200
5,668
785
1,174
116
398
1,189
1,972
660
1,183
1,383
379
297
1,683
116
19,732
Percent of
All Forms
from the Industry
15.8
23.3
21.8
22.4
25.9
36.8
20.2
31.7
25.3
24.1
27.3
31.6
25.6
17.4
22.2
22.8
27.6
28.2
38.2
31.1
28.5
18.0
24.7
140
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
Table 2-16.
Industry
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay/Glass
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transportation Equip.
Measure./Photo.
Miscellaneous
Multiple codes 20-39ฉ
No codes 20-39ฎ
Total
Category of Source Reduction Activity (number of forms reporting)
Good
Operating
Practices
403
0
70
10
290
212
207
95
3,100
358
482
38
136
640
968
288
560
599
187
158
723
52
9,576
Inventory
Control
43
0
12
0
38
182
37
17
945
38
130
13
42
85
246
53
127
158
25
48
196
14
2,449
Spill
and Leak
Prevention
297
0
16
6
125
103
54
12
2,326
532
289
3
188
287
290
71
283
191
68
22
370
68
5,601
Raw
Material
Modifi-
cations
39
3
80
7
102
180
188
104
895
65
395
52
91
233
316
136
227
273
90
48
302
12
3,838
Process
Modifi-
cations
210
9
69
7
127
114
179
51
2,505
320
355
22
138
557
595
156
471
328
108
98
612
43
7,074
Cleaning
and
Degreasing
37
1
8
0
40
17
28
23
364
38
170
17
10
74
422
153
223
305
120
54
282
9
2,395
Surface
Preparation
and
Finishing
8
0
13
2
154
567
12
6
31
0
139
73
21
55
377
122
79
366
16
61
199
16
2,317
Product
Modifi-
cations
27
2
33
3
47
67
48
16
669
31
103
13
45
53
88
63
62
133
46
16
133
0
1,698
Facilities/forms that reported more than one 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 [e.g. paper (26) and chemicals(28)].
Facilities/forms that did not report an SIC code and facilities that reported SIC codes outside the 20-to-39 range.
141
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Waste
Table 2-17. Methods Used to Identify Reported Source Reduction Activities, by Industry, 1993.
SIC
Code
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Industry
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay/Glass
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transportation Equip.
Measure ./Photo.
Miscellaneous
Multiple codes 20-39$
No codes 20-39ฎ
Total
Percent of Total
Pollution Prevention
Opportunity Audit
Internal
233
6
59
9
166
235
147
71
2,306
376
421
43
141
504
697
233
509
568
148
92
696
53
7,713
21.0
External
21
0
9
1
20
27
14
5
312
26
54
7
12
58
108
30
52
54
15
13
77
4
919
2.5
Materials
Balance
Audit
81
0
30
3
21
114
42
31
717
36
185
18
36
185
243
58
182
183
46
58
290
13
2,572
7.0
Participative
Team
Management
285
1
98
10
230
197
201
83
2,941
239
568
50
168
535
919
309
620
699
208
144
808
41
9,354
25.5
Employee Recommendation
Formal
Informal Program
91
0
23
3
86
106
91
25
1,147
173
216
17
59
190
324
144
210
185
50
40
285
30
3,495
9.5
51
0
7
0
10
47
56
19
770
76
80
20
40
110
176
60
165
169
39
22
208
20
2,145
5.9
142
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Waste
Table 2-17.
Industry
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay/Glass
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transportation Equip.
Measure ./Photo.
Miscellaneous
Multiple codes 20-39ฎ
No codes 20-39ฎ
Total
Percent of Total
State
Program
4
0
0
2
6
12
4
3
61
7
9
0
2
12
57
17
13
18
6
3
21
2
259
1
Federal
Program
1
0
2
0
0
0
2
0
14
4
3
0
0
2
9
1
7
16
5
1
5
0
72
0
Trade/
Industry
Program
43
0
10
3
39
101
26
20
240
79
92
15
9
99
141
30
61
81
16
14
67
3
1,189
3
Vendor
Assistance
163
0
94
8
210
416
142
76
621
84
422
80
76
300
687
228
321
501
89
120
349
29
5,016
14
Other
86
3
41
1
54
139
111
40
1,197
281
177
5
119
302
352
112
191
221
99
42
294
49
3,916
11
Facilities/forms that reported more than one 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 [e.g. paper (26) and chemicals(28)].
Facilities/forms that did not report an SIC code and facilities that reported SIC codes outside the 20-to-39 range.
143
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
imm
Table 2-18. Number of Forms Reporting Source Reduction, by Source Reduction Category, for the Top 50 TRI
Chemicals by Number of Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activities, 1993.
CAS
Numberฎ
108-88-3
1330-20-7
71-55-6
7664-93-9
78-93-3
67-64-1
67-56-1
7664-41-7
7647-01-0
7664-38-2
75-09-2
71-36-3
100-42-5
7697-37-2
108-10-1
100-41-4
7440-50-8
76-13-1
79-01-6
107-21-1
7782-50-5
7440-02-0
7440-47-3
95-63-6
50-00-0
127-18-4
7439-92-1
71-43-2
108-95-2
7439-96-5
75-71-8
101-68-8
91-20-3
75-69-4
110-82-7
7664-39-3
111-42-2
117-81-7
7440-66-6
98-82-8
Chemical
Toluene
Xylene (mixed isomers)
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Sulfuric acid
Methyl ethyl ketone
Acetone
Methanol
Ammonia
Glycol ethers
Hydrochloric acid
Zinc compounds
Phosphoric acid
Dichioromethane
n-Butyl alcohol
Chromium compounds
Styrene
Nitric acid
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Ethylbenzene
Copper
Freon 113
Trichloroethylene
Lead compounds
Ethylene glycol
Copper compounds
Chlorine
Nickel
Barium compounds
Chromium
1 ,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Formaldehyde
Tetrachloroethylene
Manganese compounds
Nickel compounds
Lead
Benzene
Phenol
Manganese
Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12)
Antimony compounds
Methylenebis(phenylisocyanate)
Naphthalene
Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11)
Cyclohexane
Hydrogen fluoride
Diethanolamine
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Zinc (fume or dust)
Cumene
Arsenic compounds
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Number
of TRI
Forms
3,569
3,371
2,073
5,640
2,418
2,511
2,424
3,096
2,162
3,279
2,463
2,678
1,065
1,152
1,414
1,404
1,824
1,006
935
2,458
466
111
858
1,312
1,435
1,504
1,639
990
1,693
699
782
474
988
820
797
469
676
1,286
282
503
834
471
203
336
513
356
321
418
236
306
69,381
79,987
Forms Reporting
Source Reduction Activities
Number
1,376
1,220
1,154
944
904
852
618
618
591
567
484
397
380
359
357
351
344
338
323
322
307
285
275
272
269
240
233
231
210
209
182
175
167
153
152
143
141
132
130
123
122
120
117
103
99
76
72
71
70
70
17,448
19,732
Percent of All Forms
for the Chemical
38.6
36.2
55.7
16.7
37.4
33.9
25.5
20.0
27.3
17.3
19.7
14.8
35.7
31.2
25.2
25.0
18.9
33.6
34.5
13.1
65.9
36.9
32.1
20.7
18.7
16.0
14.2
23.3
12.4
29.9
23.3
36.9
16.9
18.7
19.1
30.5
20.9
10.3
46.1
24.5
14.6
25.5
57.6
30.7
19.3
21.3
22.4
17.0
29.7
22.9
25.1
24.7
144
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
PREVENniN
Table 2-18.
Chemical
Toluene
Xylene (mixed isomers)
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Sulfuric acid
Methyl ethyl ketone
Acetone
Methanol
Ammonia
Glycol ethers
Hydrochloric acid
Zinc compounds
Phosphoric acid
Dichloromethane
n-Butyl alcohol
Chromium compounds
Styrene
Nitric acid
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Ethylbenzene
Copper
Freon 113
Trichloroethylene
Lead compounds
Ethylene glycol
Copper compounds
Chlorine
Nickel
Barium compounds
Chromium
1 ,2,4-Trimethy Ibenzene
Formaldehyde
Tetrachloroethylene
Manganese compounds
Nickel compounds
Lead
Benzene
Phenol
Manganese
Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12)
Antimony compounds
Methylenebis(phenylisocyanate)
Naphthalene
Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11)
Cyclohexane
Hydrogen fluoride
Diethanolamine
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Zinc (fume or dust)
Cumene
Arsenic compounds
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Category of Source Reduction Activity (number of forms reporting)
Good
Operating
Practices
648
559
350
486
448
418
282
317
276
282
258
202
164
166
170
156
195
181
167
254
109
128
142
133
176
106
141
126
132
104
82
94
101
80
74
64
77
92
27
65
66
56
19
46
59
39
26
42
38
55
8,478
9,576
Inventory
Control
198
179
66
99
161
130
83
32
115
58
78
73
34
83
36
64
49
57
45
38
23
16
42
52
31
8
41
44
40
35
8
10
12
22
13
7
14
23
2
16
16
16
1
7
15
8
6
11
11
4
2,232
2,449
Spill
and Leak
Prevention
304
249
106
331
160
184
174
258
124
178
145
138
96
71
103
112
114
69
143
44
38
50
76
99
112
71
35
65
34
91
67
44
56
40
17
106
53
21
47
40
24
72
20
66
27
20
19
24
31
34
4,602
5,601
Raw
Material
Modifi-
cations
364
284
361
89
239
171
137
57
169
59
76
55
113
83
75
80
24
73
49
36
70
18
93
58
20
54
39
65
40
28
52
23
20
16
39
9
28
37
40
25
10
17
76
9
11
18
37
7
5
3
3,561
3,838
Process
Modifi-
cations
404
356
183
422
262
249
224
289
184
256
214
126
117
105
149
145
130
124
146
127
63
56
116
96
113
97
95
89
70
84
65
43
69
71
59
84
69
32
33
57
49
48
23
52
46
29
16
26
33
26
6,021
7,074
Cleaning
and
Degreasing
132
100
579
77
111
183
48
10
42
55
29
46
89
27
22
13
36
35
29
28
208
178
3
6
18
4
22
10
17
17
4
59
5
12
5
7
3
2
0
2
3
8
1
1
11
6
3
3
2
3
2,314
2,395
Surface
Preparation
and
Finishing
426
464
104
27
268
137
100
5
101
15
20
10
21
145
18
62
9
100
41
11
5
6
6
3
12
2
10
21
6
27
4
5
6
4
3
2
4
10
1
3
3
6
2
3
7
0
3
12
4
1
2,265
2,317
Product
Modifi-
cations
168
139
116
24
108
69
63
22
73
13
50
23
43
28
32
34
8
46
30
23
30
16
39
26
15
5
17
26
21
17
22
14
20
14
26
3
17
13
28
13
12
6
23
6
2
3
9
1
3
1
1,560
1,698
Compound categories do not have CAS numbers ().
145
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
Table 2-19. Methods Used to Identify Source Reduction Activities for the Top 50 TRI Chemicals by Number of
Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activities, 1993.
CAS
Number^ Chemical
108-88-3 Toluene
1330-20-7 Xylene (mixed isomers)
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
7664-93-9 Sulfuric acid
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
67-64-1 Acetone
67-56-1 Methanol
7664-41-7 Ammonia
Glycol ethers
7647-01-0 Hydrochloric acid
Zinc compounds
7664-38-2 Phosphoric acid
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
71-36-3 n-Butyl alcohol
Chromium compounds
100-42-5 Styrene
7697-37-2 Nitric acid
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
100-41-4 Ethylbenzene
7440-50-8 Copper
76-13-1 Freon 113
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Lead compounds
107-21-1 Ethylene glycol
Copper compounds
7782-50-5 Chlorine
7440-02-0 Nickel
Barium compounds
7440-47-3 Chromium
95-63-6 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
50-00-0 Formaldehyde
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
Manganese compounds
Nickel compounds
7439-92-1 Lead
71-43-2 Benzene
108-95-2 Phenol
7439-96-5 Manganese
75-71-8 Dichlorodifluoromethane
(CFC-12)
Antimony compounds
101-68-8 Methylenebis(phenyl-
isocyanate)
91-20-3 Naphthalene
75-69-4 Trichlorofluoromethane
(CFC-11)
110-82-7 Cyclohexane
7664-39-3 Hydrogen fluoride
111-42-2 Diethanolamine
117-81-7 Di-(2-ethylhexyl)
phthalate
7440-66-6 Zinc (fume or dust)
98-82-8 Cumene
Arsenic compounds
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Number of
Forms Reporting
Source Reduction
Activities
1,376
1,220
1,154
944
904
852
618
618
591
567
484
397
380
359
357
351
344
338
323
322
307
285
275
272
269
240
233
231
210
209
182
175
167
153
152
143
141
132
130
123
122
120
117
103
99
76
72
71
70
70
17,448
19,732
Pollution Prevention
Opportunity Audit
Internal External
515
449
444
381
326
321
244
259
215
233
196
137
146
131
156
116
154
134
149
122
141
118
115
98
120
94
71
89
59
91
79
82
64
59
53
79
51
32
37
36
37
50
20
50
45
16
23
25
35
32
6,729
7,713
65
53
58
43
49
37
18
31
21
23
29
13
17
21
20
13
12
21
16
29
17
21
18
9
10
4
9
15
8
11
13
9
6
5
11
9
6
7
4
3
3
5
6
2
4
1
2
6
6
1
820
919
Materials
Balance
Audit
180
146
108
98
147
142
102
81
63
77
55
51
46
54
44
41
40
48
31
66
34
36
32
36
41
25
48
30
53
20
21
26
15
24
21
12
18
32
17
25
15
6
8
5
11
3
8
14
7
3
2,266
2,572
Participative
Team
Management
621
538
515
462
440
421
292
260
274
251
262
203
171
165
183
155
177
174
149
177
175
125
149
146
127
100
130
121
112
82
92
77
81
88
74
44
66
63
39
65
61
47
39
34
49
41
37
36
28
31
8,249
9,354
Employee
Recommendation
Informal
234
225
149
184
171
143
107
121
100
117
102
74
73
62
67
65
66
64
63
64
38
49
60
53
58
34
48
53
33
29
22
30
29
31
25
23
25
25
14
31
25
26
18
21
23
15
14
11
8
16
3,138
3,495
Formal
Program
149
141
105
96
100
91
65
62
77
52
49
34
36
46
32
22
32
47
52
44
40
22
32
25
18
25
27
37
33
28
28
15
14
7
12
24
19
10
9
16
11
19
9
13
13
4
3
3
12
3
1,863
2,145
146
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Waste
HIEVENIWN
Table 2-19.
Chemical
Toluene
Xylene (mixed isomers)
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Sulfuric acid
Methyl ethyl ketone
Acetone
Methanol
Ammonia
Glycol ethers
Hydrochloric acid
Zinc compounds
Phosphoric acid
Dichloromethane
n-Butyl alcohol
Chromium compounds
Styrene
Nitric acid
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Ethylbenzene
Copper
Freon 113
Trichloroethylene
Lead compounds
Ethylene glycol
Copper compounds
Chlorine
Nickel
Barium compounds
Chromium
1 ,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Formaldehyde
Tetrachloroethylene
Manganese compounds
Nickel compounds
Lead
Benzene
Phenol
Manganese
Dichlorodifluoromethane
(CFC-12)
Antimony compounds
Methylenebis(phenyl-
isocyanate)
Naphthalene
Trichlorofluoromethane
(CFC-11)
Cyclohexane
Hydrogen fluoride
Diethanolamine
Di-(2-ethylhexyl)
phthalate
Zinc (fume or dust)
Cumene
Arsenic compounds
Subtotal
Total for All TRI Chemicals
State
Program
23
26
19
10
17
18
9
4
5
10
5
3
2
8
4
6
5
7
5
4
6
9
1
1
3
3
2
5
1
2
2
4
1
1
2
2
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
I
1
1
1
0
0
242
259
Federal
Program
5
4
17
3
1
3
1
3
0
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
0
0
1
0
3
0
1
0
3
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
62
72
Trade/
Industry
Program
101
90
85
41
63
70
34
36
36
32
22
13
16
35
21
45
6
20
15
23
19
13
15
10
14
17
13
6
8
18
3
13
2
7
15
9
7
7
9
3
7
17
20
6
3
2
2
8
3
8
1,088
1,189
Vendor
Assistance
501
462
417
190
311
273
139
114
187
91
82
102
90
124
84
135
64
102
69
65
85
77
59
40
49
43
47
56
50
44
51
50
17
18
32
17
35
39
27
24
39
32
53
14
22
12
19
16
10
19
4,698
5,016
Other
273
236
241
173
159
132
118
113
106
102
104
62
84
68
54
60
44
60
83
52
63
51
74
49
37
53
37
47
42
53
38
29
34
36
33
56
34
31
58
23
15
35
32
39
25
15
13
14
19
6
3,415
3,916
Compound categories do not have CAS numbers ().
147
-------
TOVENIMN
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
modifications. The most frequent methods of
identifying opportunities for source reduction
for toluene were participative team management
and internal pollution prevention opportunity
audits.
ASSESSMENT OF PROGRESS
IN SOURCE REDUCTION
The reporting of source reduction activities and
the methods used to identify those activities
yield an indication of what is being done to
prevent the generation of pollution at the source.
Quantifying progress in reducing waste is a
complex question that cannot be answered by
simply comparing quantities over time. Many
factors affect the quantity of toxic chemicals in
waste. One such factor is changes in production
at a facility. For this reason, the PPA requires
facilities to provide on Form R a production
ratio or activity index as an indicator of whether
production or activity involving the reported
toxic chemical has increased, decreased, or
remained steady since the previous year. For
the 1993 reporting year, the ratio is calculated
by dividing the production or activity involving
the reported toxic chemical in 1993 by the
production or activity involving the reported
toxic chemical in 1992. A ratio that is less than
1.0 indicates that production or activity is down
in 1993 as compared to 1992. A ratio of 1.0
indicates that production or activity has
remained steady. A ratio greater than 1.0
indicates that production or activity has
increased. Table 2-20 shows the distribution of
the ratios reported for 1993 and the total
production-related waste associated with the
ratios.
Calculating an Indicator of Changes in
Quantities of Toxic Chemicals in Waste
Because of the complexity of quantifying
progress in reducing toxic chemicals in waste at
the source, there is no one method for measuring
progress. Comparing changes in quantities of
toxic chemicals in waste when source reduction
has been implemented is one method, but this
does not take production into account. There is
also a method for using the information reported
under TRI to assess changes in the quantities of
toxic chemicals in waste relative to changes in
production or activity at a facility. This method
assumes a direct relationship between the level
of production or activity at a facility and the
amount of toxic chemicals in waste, including
releases, generated by that production or
activity. Thus, if production increases, waste is
assumed to increase by a direct proportion.
Similarly, if production decreases, waste is
assumed to decrease proportionally. This
assumption may hold for some, but not all,
processes or facilities. There may be many
instances where processes do not have a directly
proportional relationship between the level of
activity and waste generated.
A thorough and accurate assessment of source
reduction progress requires more detailed
information than is included in Form R.
Nonetheless, the data collected under TRI can
indicate whether toxic chemicals in waste are
increasing or decreasing relative to production.
To perform the following analysis, those forms
that have complete data for both 1992 and 1993
must be selected. Data for those years must be
comparable, meaning that a facility has to have
reported quantities for the same waste
management activity, for example, on-site
recycling, for both years. The calculations
shown in Box 2-4 illustrate how the information
reported on Form R can be used to assess
changes in the quantities of toxic chemicals in
waste relative to changes in production or
activity.
Because production may not be directly and
linearly related to the quantity of chemical in
waste, analysis of progress should also include
simple comparison of reporting-year and prior-
148
-------
Chapter 2Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
HEVHuHN
Table 2-20. Distribution of Production Index.
Index
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
.0
.1
.2
.3
.4
.5
.6
.7
.8
.9
2.0 - 2.9
3.0 - 3.9
4.0 - 4.9
5.0 - 9.9
10.0-24.9
25.0-49.9
50.0-99.9
>=100
sv* , s o < i", ' > \ o ; ; ,
P^WMl-
Zero or blank
or NA for Index
Zero
Blank
NA
^lj^:%v;
Negative Number
for Index
'"Vfc '?**>>ป -4 'ซ "! ',' *
ฐV^?/' O' *'*' * 0#wtฐo ฐ '' <''
*'^^vi;'X '':-::v.'
Number
of Forms
Reporting
Number
439
377
479
609
1,059
1,287
2,317
4,102
8,384
20,220
14,745
7,624
4,231
2,030
1,572
946
577
467
348
1,517
397
210
347
186
48
334
320
vcJi;:;*^"' "-'-.->
^l^^::f
793
1,103
2,917
:&-:&i#i!
-' "'' ' '-'ซ*'
f >\'1',1' '-. ' vJr '> *
Vv;. '. 'ป,'; ' '-
Percent
of Forms
Reporting
Percent
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.8
1.4
1.7
3.1
5.5
11.2
26.9
19.6
10.1
5.6
2.7
2.1
1.3
0.8
0.6
0.5
2.0
0.5
0.3
0.5
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.4
;?>:. ::: ;-;-',
Cumulative
Percent
of Forms
Reporting
Percent
0.6
1.1
1.7
2.5
3.9
5.7
8.7
14.2
25.3
52.2
71.9
82.0
87.6
90.3
92.4
93.7
94.4
95.1
95.5-
97.5
98.1
98.4
98.8
99.1
99.1
99.6
100.0
*:-yK;^-^^ฃ
^Sllllll
V , ' ;> '( \ V^%^^^' ^f>-ฃ
'' ', s'c ~\,\ '!v^' f *i^ A V^./x^^'1'*;
'#AV3*''ซSI:V>;'!';
Production
Related
Waste
1993
Pounds
21,105,964
31,057,774
57,255,837
90,030,389
197,451,654
383,907,111
524,871,021
852,390,321
4,217,109,571
14,788,729,766
6,157,236,363
2,451,498,808
1,075,398,938
793,702,271
235,875,023
293,437,893
202,000,869
61,400,172
51,108,970
252,368,698
97,449,397
22,772,472
39,371,980
26,148,030
9,588,354
73,628,305
208,485,434
^^^'xff^'"'^1''*
^^^ffJI^::$i!
48,611,671
50,818,488
183,649,841
;\%v,- -" ,", \ Vs^ft* c \ ';
(Oj-^o %-w- ,'!'''*/ f^C; o '2JJS ' ^ ,""; \
-^'^K! ,*:'-' v\>vi':'- ? '"~'^[\'ff
Percent
of 1993
Waste
Percent
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.6
1.2
1.6
2.6
12.7
44.5
18.5
7.4
3.2
2.4
0.7
0.9
0.6
0.2
0.2
0.8
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.6
:;^?-ป4;i;;
'$$$&'
$$&&
: " ** " *% ''I \' * '
ฃ '>, Jj.*'/'' '' 's 'x'
'rf'r,- ':'"!'; '
Cumulative
Percent
of 1993
Waste
Percent
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.6
1.2
2.4
3.9
6.5
19.2
63.7
82.3
89.6
92.9
95.3
96.0
96.9
97.5
97.6
97.8
98.6
98.9
98.9
99.0
99.1
99.2
99.4
100.0
'>>'''' ,:,\'-:'VJซf;-V:
''^ >-v:;;'>:':?-fvX---;
0 ,*, .' v1* " ^ ,' '''0\ ,'',;''
-,\ ^ -.; ; v , %s>\> ^ ; o * >
* "" ^V ;'Vt"o ;-ฐo\;-, -'.
1 ^.s' , ', '' ''\, *'' ' * ' S V\^VS'-' ^ ^ ^ '
'"'-':;c-':'X: ;/?- ^':,
149
-------
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Waste
year data. A decrease could indicate progress
while an increase could indicate that progress is
not happening. In some instances, however,
source reduction could be implemented at a
facility, but quantities reported for one chemical
could increase if that chemical is substituted for
another chemical as a source reduction measure
for the latter chemical.
Changes in Quantities of
Toxic Chemicals
in Waste at the National Level
EPA performed an analysis of the data received
for 1993 using the technique discussed in Box
2-4. Of the 79,987 Form Rs submitted for 1993,
57,852 forms had sufficient information for both
1992 and 1993 to perform an analysis of the
changes of the quantity of toxic chemicals in
waste for those two years. Of those 57,852
forms, 13,976 (approximately 24%, or 17% of
the total 79,987 forms submitted) indicated the
implementation of a source reduction activity.
For this subset of forms that reported source
reduction and provided sufficient information
for both 1992 and 1993, the quantity of toxic
chemicals in waste reported decreased by 5.1%
between 1992 and 1993 in absolute terms (see
Table 2-21). Adjusting for production changes
indicates a significantly greater decrease of
8.9%. Movement up the waste management
hierarchy is indicated on these forms as well.
This is evident as the quantities recycled on-site
and used for energy recovery on-site and off-site
increased while the quantity released and the
quantities treated (both on- and off-site)
decreased.
As shown in Table 2-22, forms from facilities
that did not indicate the implementation of
source reduction showed a small decrease
(0.6%) in the total quantity of toxic chemicals
Calculating Changes in Quantities of
TRI Chemicals in Waste Relative to Production
1) Sum Sections 8.1 through 8.7 for the prior year (1992).
2) Sum Sections 8.1 through 8.7 for the reporting year (1993).
3) Multiply the sum for the prior year as calculated in step 1 by the production
ratio or activity index (which is reported in Section 8.9 of Form R). This
yields a quantity that would have been generated in the reporting year (call it
the expected quantity).
4) Take the sum for the current year as calculated in step 2 and subtract from it
the result of step 3 (the expected quantity).
If the result of step 4 is a negative number, this suggests that the total quantity of the toxic
chemical in waste for the reporting year (1993) was less than that expected, given the reported
level of production or activity. This could be an indication that reduction of the toxic chemical in
waste is occurring. If the result of step 4 is a positive number, this means that the amount of toxic
chemical in waste for the reporting year (1993) was greater than that expected, given the reported
level of production or activity. This could be an indication that reduction of the toxic chemical in
waste is not occurring.
Box 2-4. Calculating Changes In Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste Relative to Production.
150
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Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals In Waste
TOV0HWN
Table 2-21. Change In Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste from 1992 to 1993 for Facilities Reporting Source
Reduction Activities.ฎ
Category
of Waste
Generated
Recycled On-site
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated On-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released
Category
of Waste
Generated
Recycled On-site
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated On-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released
1992 Reported
Quantity Percent
Pounds of Total
2,183,656,146 31.5
492,287,420 7.1
825,186,502 11.9
139,231,132 2.0
2,256,971,676 32.5
181,396,897 2.6
859,327,300 12.4
* i- ฃ/;*$,ซ ^ ^*ซil Vw|S^SSH''*s*>**'tf'' *
Absolute Change
1993-1992
Quantity Percent
Pounds Change
1993 Reported
Quantity Percent
Pounds of Total
2,205,086,710 33.5
454,828,093 6.9
826,114,929 12.6
140,526,318 2.1
2,066,627,046 31.4
137,412,802 2.1
750,191,769 11.4
Relative Change
1993 Reported 1993 Expected
Quantity Percent
Pounds Change
21,430,564 1.0 -152,759,606 -6.9
-37,459,327 -7.6 -87,760,716 -19.3
928,427 0.1 55,004,376 6.7
1,295,186 0.9 -14,991,622 -10.7
-190,344,630 -8.4 -228,989,407 -11.1
-43,984,095 -24.2 -48,214,413 -35.1
-109,135,531 -12.7 -105.524,859 -14.1
Amount Expected for 1993
Quantity Percent
Pounds of Total
2,357,846,316
542,588,809
771,110,553
155,517,940
2,295,616,453
185,627,215
855,716,628
32.9
7.6
10.8
2.2
32.0
2.6
11.9
^i^s^M'.k'Ty
Table 2-22. Change In Quantities of TRI Chemicals in Waste from 1992 to 1993 for Facilities Not Reporting
Source Reduction Activities.ฎ
Category
of Waste
Generated
1992 Reported
1993 Reported
Quantity
Pounds
Percent
of Total
Quantity
Pounds
Percent
of Total
Amount Expected for 1993
Quantity Percent
Pounds of Total
Recycled On-site
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated On-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released
Category
of Waste
Generated
3,879,578,132
1,552,784,500
1,668,032,316
144,487,719
6,014,683,720
382,101,607
1,667,323,060
25.3
10.1
10.9
0.9
39.3
2.5
10.9
4,442,432,897
1,383,786,746
1,350,513,948
151,991,143
5,991,444,437
346,402,214
1,554,090,052
29.2
9.1
8.9
1.0
39.4
2.3
10.2
4,245,866,455
1,612,930,728
1,669,665,013
161,959,488
6,286,986,121
370,530,729
1,668,175,652
26.5
10.1
10.4
1.0
39.3
2.3
10.4
Absolute Change
1993-1992
Relative Change
1993 Reported -1993 Expected
Quantity
Pounds
Percent
Change
Quantity
Pounds
Percent
Change
Recycled On-site
Recycled Off-site
Energy Recovery On-site
Energy Recovery Off-site
Treated On-site
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released
562,854,765
-168,997,754
-317,518,368
7,503,424
-23,239,283
-35,699,393
-113,233,008
14.5
-10.9
-19.0
5.2
-0.4
-9.3
-6.8
196,566,442
-229,143,982
-319,151,065
-9,968.345
-295,541,684
-24,128,515
-114,085,600
4.4
-16.6
-23.6
-6.6
-4.9
-7.0
-7.3
13,976 of the 57,852 Form Rs met these criteria.
43,876 of the 57,852 Form Rs met these criteria.
151
-------
HtEVEfflllN
Chapter 2 Prevention and Management of TRI Chemicals in Waste
entering waste in absolute terms. With an
adjustment for production, this decrease
becomes more significant, just over 5.2%.
Movement up the waste management hierarchy
is also indicated by this subset of forms.
EPA has further analyzed this subset of the 1993
data and has found that not all facilities
reporting a source reduction activity have
indicated a decrease in the total quantity of toxic
chemicals in waste. Similar to what was
revealed with analysis of the 1992 and 1991
data, some facilities that have reported the
implementation of a source reduction activity
have also indicated an increase in the total
quantity of toxic chemicals in waste. In
addition, many facilities that did not indicate the
implementation of a source reduction activity on
Form R have indicated decreases in the total
quantity of toxic chemicals in waste.
EPA has also performed some preliminary
comparisons of source reduction reporting for
1991 through 1993. After matching a total of
58,910 forms across 1991 and 1993, 9,115
forms (15%) indicated the implementation of
source reduction in all three years. A total of
2,770 matched forms (5%) indicated the
implementation of source reduction in both
1992 and 1993. Of the remaining matched
forms, 36,357 (62%) did not indicate the
implementation of source reduction in any year.
152
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Chapter 3
Year-to-Year Comparison
of TRI Data
R
E
L
E
A
S
E
S
88 89 90 91 92 93
-------
-------
YEAR-TO-YEAR COMPARISON
OF TRI DATA
INTRODUCTION
Because TRI data are collected annually, they
can be used to measure the nation's progress in
reducing toxic chemical releases and off-site
transfers from manufacturing facilities. This
chapter attempts to measure such progress on a
national, state, industry, and chemical-specific
basis.
This chapter compares the 1993 data to the 1992
data to measure annual progress, and to the
1988 data to measure progress since the
beginning of the TRI program. Although 1987
was the first year for TRI reporting, 1988 has
been chosen as the baseline year for
comparisons because of concerns about the data
quality of industry's submissions in the first
year. Most comparisons to 1988 data include
data for 1988 and 1991-1993 only; 1989 and
1990 have been omitted for practical reasons.
Certain TRI reporting requirements have
changed since the inception of the program. It
is important to understand these changes and
consider their implications when comparing TRI
data across years.
Chemical List Changes
EPA has the authority to add chemicals to the
reporting list, if they meet the statutory criteria
for toxicity, and to delete chemicals from the list
if they are determined not to meet the toxicity
criteria. Since 1987, EPA has deleted a number
of chemicals from the list, added others, and
modified the reporting requirements for others.
These chemical list changes are discussed in
detail in Appendix A: Questions and Answers.
In order to control for changes to the chemical
list over time, year-to-year comparisons
presented in this chapter are based on a
consistent set of chemicals that have been
reportable for all years being compared. This
use of a consistent set of chemicals ensures that
any year-to-year changes in release or transfer
totals seen here cannot be attributed to changes
in the list of reportable chemicals.
Because of this normalization process, release
and transfer totals presented in 1988-1993
comparison tables will differ slightly from totals
seen in 1992-1993 comparison tables and from
the totals presented in Chapter 1 of this report.
The 1988 through 1993 comparisons do not
include aluminum oxide or any chemicals that
have been added to or deleted from the chemical
list since 1988. The 1992-1993 comparisons do
not include any delisted chemicals, but they do
include aluminum oxide (fibrous forms), as well
as chemicals added to the list beginning with the
1990 and 1991 reporting years.
There were two changes to the chemical list
between 1992 and 1993. Barium sulfate was
removed from the barium compounds category,
and the definition of the glycol ethers category
was modified. Although these changes may
cause some reduction in amounts reported for
155
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
those categories, both of the categories have
been included in the data comparisons in this
chapter.
Methods used by facilities to report their
releases and transfers of ammonia and
ammonium sulfate (solution) have changed
since the TRI program began. These changes
have contributed substantially to changes seen
in release and transfer amounts for these two
chemicals over the years. Changes in reporting
of ammonia and ammonium sulfate (solution)
are discussed in Box 3-1.
Threshold Changes
Facilities are required to report for a particular
chemical only if they meet the manufacture,
process, or otherwise use thresholds for that
chemical. The otherwise use threshold has
remained 10,000 pounds since the inception of
the program. However, the manufacture and
process thresholds began at 75,000 pounds for
1987, dropped to 50,000 pounds for 1988, and
dropped again to 25,000 pounds for 1989 and
later. Due in part to these declining thresholds,
the number of facilities reporting to TRI and the
number of forms filed increased from 1987 to
1988 and again from 1988 to 1989. Thresholds
have not changed since 1989. Therefore,
threshold changes may have impacted the TRI
data between 1988 and 1989, but would not
affect data after 1989.
New Transfer Types
Beginning with the 1991 reporting year,
facilities were required to report transfers off-
site for the purposes of recycling and energy
recovery to TRI. Prior to 1991, facilities were
only required to report transfers to POTWs and
other off-site locations for the purposes of
treatment and disposal. Because of this change
in the reporting requirements, total transfers for
1988 are not comparable to total transfers for
1993. Comparisons between 1988 and 1993
transfers in this chapter include only those
transfer types which were reportable in 1988.
Comparisons between 1992 and 1993 transfers
include all transfer types reportable for 1991 and
beyond.
NATIONAL OVERVIEW
Total Releases
Reported releases of toxic chemicals to the
environment decreased by more than 406
million pounds between 1992 and 1993, from
3.2 billion pounds to 2.8 billion pounds. This
decline of 12.6% is more than double the 6%
decline between 1991 and 1992. Decreased air
emissions accounted for more than half of the
decline, while the greatest decreases in
percentage terms were in underground injection
of toxic chemicals and in releases to land. Table
3-1 compares the 1993 TRI data to the 1992
data.
Part of the decrease in releases between 1992
and 1993 is attributable to changes in facility
reporting methods for ammonium sulfate
(solution) and ammonia. This is explained in
Box 3-1. If these two chemicals are excluded
from the comparison, total releases to all media
declined by 10.7% between 1992 and 1993,
compared to the 12.6% decrease seen if these
chemicals are included.
Between 1988 and 1993, total releases
decreased by nearly 2.1 billion pounds, a
decline of 42.7%. Air emissions decreased by
more than 1 billion pounds, and underground
injection of TRI chemicals decreased by 766
million pounds. Table 3-2 compares the 1993
TRI data to the 1988 data. If ammonia and
ammonium sulfate (solution) are excluded from
the comparison, total releases have declined
38.1% since 1988, compared to the 42.7%
decline if these chemicals are included.
156
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Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
An Explanation of Changes in Reporting Methods
for Aqueous Ammonia and Ammonium Sulfate (Solution)
Many facilities have changed the way they report releases and transfers of aqueous ammonia and
ammonium sulfate (solution) as they became aware of EPA guidance for reporting aqueous ammonia and of an
optional reporting method for ammonium sulfate (solution). These changes in reporting methods for these
high-volume chemicals have resulted in large changes in the quantities of these chemicals reported as released
or transferred. Reported changes in quantity which result from changes in reporting method do not represent
actual changes in the quantity of the chemicals released or transferred.
Aqueous Ammonia. Many facilities recently became aware of existing EPA guidance allowing them to
report only the quantity of un-ionized ammonia instead of total ammonia when filing a report for aqueous
ammonia. Aqueous ammonia is an equilibrium mixture of un-ionized ammonia and ionized ammonia.
Although its concentration varies with changing conditions such as temperature and pH, un-ionized ammonia
generally represents only a very small fraction of total ammonia, typically no more than a few percent, at
environmental pHs. Facilities that change their reporting of aqueous ammonia from total ammonia to un-
ionized ammonia could reduce their reported quantity of releases or transfers by 90% or more. Although this
guidance has existed since the 1990 reporting year, it seems to have had a more significant impact on the 1993
reports as more facilities have learned about it. Reported releases of ammonia declined by 113 million pounds,
or 24%, between 1992 and 1993.
Ammonium Sulfate (Solution). Beginning with the 1990 reporting year, facilities were given the option of
reporting their releases and transfers of ammonium sulfate (solution) as ammonium sulfate (solution) or as total
ammonia. If a facility chose to report its ammonium sulfate (solution) releases and transfers as total ammonia, it
would make its threshold determinations based on the quantity of ammonium sulfate (solution) manufactured,
processed or used at the facility, but it would file a reporting form for ammonia and report only the weight of the
ammonia portion of the ammonium sulfate (solution).
Because ammonia accounts for only about 27%, by weight, of ammonium sulfate (solution), changing to
this optional reporting method would allow facilities to reduce the quantity of chemical reported by 73% without
actually reducing the quantity released or transferred. For example, a facility which reported one million pounds
of ammonium sulfate (solution) one year could report only about 270,000 pounds of ammonia the following
year under the optional reporting method.
Because many facilities began to use this optional reporting method, reported releases and transfers of
ammonium sulfate (solution) dropped sharply between 1989 and 1990 and continued to decline in subsequent
years. In fact, reported releases of ammonium sulfate (solution) have declined by 98% since 1988. As part of
the response to a petition to delete ammonium sulfate (solution) from EPCRA Section 313, EPA is redefining
the requirements for reporting aqueous releases of ammonia. An amended proposed rule addressing this issue
will be published by late March or early April and a final rule is expected by June 30, 1995.
Box 3-1. An Explanation of Changes in Reporting Methods for Aqueous Ammonia and Ammonium Sulfate
(Solution).
157
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Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-1. Comparison of TRI Releases and Transfers, 1992-1993.
1992
Number
1993
Number
1992-1993 Change
Number
Percent
Total Facilities
Total Forms
24,091
82,273
23,321
79,987
-770
-2,286
-3.20
-2.78
Pounds
Pounds
Pounds
Percent
Total Air Emissions
Fugitive Air
Point Source Air
Surface Water Discharges
Underground Injection
Releases to Land
1,872,601,046
553,889,339
1,318,711,707
276,139,144
725,946,644
340,397,729
1,672,127,735
490,040,607
1,182,087,128
271,152,864
576,285,233
289,052,581
-200,473,311
-63,848,732
-136,624,579
-4,986,280
-149,661,411
-51,345,148
-10.71
-11.53
-10.36
-1.81
-20.62
-15.08
Transfers to Recycling
Transfers to Energy Recovery
Transfers to Treatment
Transfers to POTWs
Transfers to Disposal
Other Off-site TransfersQ
2,934,563,494
472,584,712
397,052,262
436,788,261
263,891,628
17,988,132
3,252,166,922
487,380,037
328,074,174
314,350,915
325,251,442
1,820,373
317,603,428
14,795,325
-68,978,088
-122,437,346
61,359,814
-16,167,759
10.82
3.13
-17.37
-28.03
23.25
-89.88
Total Transfers
Reported transfers of TRI chemicals to off-site
locations increased by 186 million pounds
between 1992 and 1993, from 4.5 billion pounds
to 4.7 billion pounds (see Table 3-1). This
represents an increase of 4.1% between 1992
and 1993, compared to an increase of 20.4%
between 1991 and 1992. Transfers to recycling,
energy recovery, and disposal all increased,
while other types of transfers decreased.
Because transfers to recycling and energy
recovery were not reportable in 1988, total
transfers for 1993 cannot be compared to total
transfers for 1988. However, transfers to
POTWs and other off-site locations for the
purposes of treatment and disposal have
declined 38.6% since 1988.
Facilities and Forms
The number of facilities reporting to TRI
dropped 3.2% between 1992 and 1993, from
24,091 to 23,322. The number of individual
chemical reports dropped 2.8%, from 82,273 in
1992 to 79,987 in 1993. However, it is likely
that the number of facilities and forms for 1993
will rise somewhat over time due to late
reporting and to resolution of outstanding data
quality problems which may have prevented
data entry of some submissions prior to the
preparation of this report.
The decrease in the number of facilities
reporting to TRI does not appear to have
contributed significantly to the decrease in
releases between 1992 and 1993. An analysis of
Transfers reported with no waste management codes or invalid codes.
158
-------
Chapter 3 Y0ar-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-2. Comparison of TRI Releases and Transfers, 1988,1991-1993.Q
Total Facilities
Total Forms
Total Air Emissions
Fugitive Air
Point Source Air
Surface Water Discharges
Underground Injection
Releases to Land
Total Releases - = ' - , ','
Transfers to Recyclingฉ
Transfers to Energy Recoveryฉ
Transfers to Treatment
Transfers to POTWs
Transfers to Disposal
Other Off-site Transfersฉ
Total Transfers '. ,.',," ' %
Total Releases and Transfers ฐ '
Number
22,538
78,208
Pounds
2,706,997,365
840,042,600
1,866,954,765
311,587,802
1,342,357,672
513,296,671
4jtttt&sijป-
NA
NA
492,576,600
581,979,953
491,867,067
48,299,434
/ 1^19^4:
.'.*3$4ft^ฃ
Number
23,993
81,228
Pounds
1,848,302,336
541,139,839
1,307,162,497
276,111,371
725,821,103
340,179,498
1M&K& ' ,
2,933,685,469
472,252,568
393,260,049
436,399,701
261,242,552
17,931,132
'^jii^3i4?i;;r:-
i7^Rl^lซ5^|o,';;'
Number
23,227
79,072
Pounds
1,655,358,748
480,245,942
1,175,112,806
271,092,265
575,994,149
288,973,564
:::;^imw '/
3,248,969,990
486,303,735
325,662,309
314,167,969
321,552,281
1,820,373
^\ ,$&WsfOj(7W Vjjw^1 * ov ''
^ l*7 jtfjltd^ ftft^il^fe^k' *^
1988-1993
Number
689
864
Pounds
-1,051,638,617
-359,796,658
-691,841,959
-40,495,537
-766,363,523
-224,323,107
::4$W?^H'
-166,914,291
-267,811,984
-170,314,786
^7^Vy^{j
S'-'V^;!;
Change
Percent
3.06
1.10
Percent
-38.85
-42.83
-37.06
-13.00
-57.09
-43.70
"*"*&'-'
-33.89
-46.02
-34.63
v'-S^'
&K
releases reported by the 21,578 facilities that
reported for both 1992 and 1993 shows that total
releases for these facilities declined 12.5%,
compared to 12.6% for all facilities reporting in
1993.
Figure 3-1 shows the change in the number of
reporting facilities and the number of reports
submitted to TRI since 1988. The increase in
the number of reporting facilities and TRI
reports between 1988 and 1989 is probably due
primarily to the decrease in the reporting
threshold for the manufacture and processing of
chemicals, from 50,000 pounds in 1988 to
25,000 pounds in 1989. Since 1989, the number
of facilities and forms has declined steadily.
Releases by Media
Air Emissions
Total air emissions declined by more than 200
million pounds between 1992 and 1993, from
nearly 1.9 billion pounds to nearly 1.7 billion
pounds. This represents a decrease of 10.7% for
total air emissions between 1992 and 1993.
Fugitive air emissions declined by 11.5%, while
stack or point source air emissions declined by
10.4%.
Decreased emissions of 1,1,1-trichloroethane, an
ozone-depleting solvent, accounted for about
one-quarter of the decline in total air emissions,
or about 53 million pounds. Air emissions of
1,1,1-trichloroethane dropped by 45.2% since
Q Does not include data for aluminum oxide, delisted chemicals, or chemicals added in 1990 and 1991.
ฉ NA: Transfers for recyling or energy recovery were not required to be reported for 1988.
ฉ For 1991,1992, and 1993, transfers reported with no waste management codes or invalid codes. For 1988, transfers reported
with no waste management codes, invalid codes, or codes not required to be reported in 1988.
159
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Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Facilities
Forms
Figure 3-1. Facilities Reporting and Forms
Submitted, 1988-1993.0
1992. Air emissions of Freon 113, another
ozone-depleting chemical, declined by more
than 15 million pounds, or 60.5%, since 1992.
Other chemicals with large decreases in air
emissions since 1992 include methanol (33
million pounds), ammonia (24 million pounds),
toluene (17 million pounds), acetone (10 million
pounds), and dichloromethane, a suspect
carcinogen (10 million pounds). With the
exception of ammonia, all of these chemicals
with the largest decreases in air emissions are
industrial solvents.
Although air emissions decreased significantly
overall between 1992 and 1993, emissions of
certain chemicals increased. For example, air
releases of chlorine increased by more than 5
million pounds between 1992 and 1993, and air
releases of hydrochloric acid increased by
nearly 2 million pounds. Increases for both of
these chemicals are largely attributable to
increased releases from one facility, Magnesium
Corporation of America in Rowley, Utah.
(Individual facilities are discussed in greater
detail in the industry section of this chapter.)
Other chemicals with increases in air releases
greater than a million pounds were styrene (1.6
million pounds) and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene (1.3
million pounds).
Figure 3-2 shows the trend in TRI total air
emissions from 1988 to 1993. Since 1988, air
emissions have declined by more than 1 billion
pounds, or 38.9%. Fugitive air emissions have
declined by 42.8%, while stack emissions have
declined by 37.1%.
Surface Water Discharges
Discharges to surface water decreased by about
5 million pounds between 1992 and 1993, from
276 million pounds to 271 million pounds. This
represents a 1.8% decrease since 1992.
The chemicals with the greatest decreases in
water releases since 1992 include methanol (8.1
million pounds), ammonia (6.8 million pounds),
sulfuric acid (4.2 million pounds), ammonium
sulfate (solution) (1.3 million pounds), and
hydrochloric acid (1.2 million pounds).
These and other decreases were nearly offset by
a 17 million pound increase in the amount of
phosphoric acid released to surface water. This
net increase in phosphoric acid discharges
resulted from a large increase in phosphoric acid
releases from one fertilizer facility (IMC-Agrico
Company in Saint James, Louisiana) and
decreases from various other facilities.
0 Does not include data for aluminum oxide, delisted chemicals, or chemicals added in 1990 and 1991.
160
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Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
I II M 91 K IS
Millions of Pounds
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500-
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993
Figure 3-2. TRI Total Air Emissions, 1988-1993.ฉ
Figure 3-3 illustrates the changes in surface
water releases since 1988. Reported surface
water discharges have declined by 13.0% since
1988. However, changes in facility reporting
methods for ammonia and ammonium sulfate
(solution) may have had a significant impact on
this release category (see Box 3-1 above). If
these chemicals are excluded from the 1988-
1993 comparison, surface water discharges have
increased by 8.0% instead of decreasing by
13.0% since 1988.
Underground Injection
Reported underground injection of TRI
chemicals decreased by 150 million pounds
between 1992 and 1993, from 726 million
pounds to 576 million pounds. This represents a
decrease of 20.6% since 1992.
Reported underground injection of ammonia
decreased by 83 million pounds, or 33.0%, since
1992. This represents more than one-half of the
Millions of Pounds
350
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993
Figure 3-3. TRI Surface Water Discharges,
1988-1993.Q
total decrease in underground injection since
1992. Other chemicals with significant
decreases in underground injection since 1992
include hydrochloric acid (62.7 million pounds),
acetonitrile (4.4 million pounds), nitric acid
(2.9 million pounds), phenol (2.5 million
pounds), ammonium nitrate (solution) (2.3
million pounds), and picric acid (1.0 million
pounds).
A significant portion of the large decrease in
reported underground injection of ammonia is
attributable to facility changes in reporting
methods for this chemical, as explained above in
Box 3-1. If ammonia and ammonium sulfate
(solution) are excluded from the 1992-1993
comparison, underground injection has declined
by 14.3% since 1992, instead of the 20.6%
decrease seen when these chemicals are
included in the comparison.
Does not include data for aluminum oxide, delisted chemicals, or chemicals added in 1990 and 1991.
161
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
u n BO ปi ซ BS
Millions of Pounds
1,400
200-
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993
Figure 3-4. TRI Underground Injection, 1988-1993.Q
Since 1988, reported underground injection of
TRI chemicals has decreased by 766 million
pounds, or 57.1%. Underground injection totals
for 1988 through 1993 are displayed in Figure
3-4. Reported underground injection of
ammonium sulfate (solution) alone has
decreased by 514 million pounds since 1988,
from 520 million pounds to 6 million pounds.
Again, this change in underground injection of
ammonium sulfate was due largely to changes
in facility reporting methods for this chemical,
as explained in Box 3-1. If ammonia and
ammonium sulfate (solution) are excluded from
the comparison, underground injection has
declined by 47.7% since 1988.
Land Releases
Releases to land decreased by 51 million pounds
since 1992, from 340 million pounds to 289
million pounds. This represents a decrease of
15.1% since 1992.
Many of the chemicals with the largest
decreases in land releases were metals and metal
compounds, including manganese compounds
(16.2 million pounds), copper (11.3 million
pounds), zinc compounds (9.1 million pounds),
zinc (fume or dust) (4.9 million pounds), barium
compounds (2.3 million pounds), and nickel
(2.0 million pounds). Phosphoric acid releases
to land decreased by 11.2 million pounds.
One facility, Magma Copper Company in San
Manuel, Arizona, accounted for 11.6 million
pounds of decreased land releases of copper, an
amount larger than the total net decrease for this
chemical. This facility also accounted for much
of the decrease in land releases of zinc
compounds. The Inland Steel Company in East
Chicago, Indiana, accounted for 19 million
pounds of decrease in land releases of
manganese compounds, more than the net
decrease for this chemical category. Decreased
phosphoric acid releases to land were largely
attributable to IMC Fertilizer, Inc. in Mulberry,
Florida, and to Texasgulf Inc. in Aurora, North
Carolina.
Land releases have decreased by 224 million
pounds, or 43.7%, since 1988. Figure 3-5
illustrates the changes in land releases between
1988 and 1993.
Transfers by Type
Recycling
Transfers to off-site locations for recycling
increased by nearly 318 million pounds since
1992, from more than 2.9 billion pounds to
more than 3.2 billion pounds. This represents
an increase of 10.8% since 1992.
Transfers of sulfuric acid to recycling increased
by 188 million pounds since 1992, while
transfers of copper to recycling increased by 108
Does not include data for aluminum oxide, delisted chemicals, or chemicals added in 1990 and 1991.
162
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Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Millions of Pounds
600
500-
400
300-
200
100-
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993
Millions of Pounds
3,500
3,000-
2,500-
2,000
1,500
1,000
500-
1991
1992
1993
Figure 3-5. TRI Releases to Land, 1988-1993.0
Figure 3-6. TRI Transfers to Recycling, 1991-1993.
million pounds. Other chemicals with large
increases in transfers to recycling include
aluminum (fume or dust) (48.8 million pounds),
manganese (38.4 million pounds), chromium
compounds (13.5 million pounds), copper
compounds (12.6 million pounds), ethylene
glycol (11.8 million pounds), and chromium
(11.4 million pounds). Transfers of zinc to
recycling increased by 13.1 million pounds,
while transfers of zinc compounds to recycling
decreased by 5.9 million pounds.
Lead compounds showed by far the largest
decrease in transfers to recycling between 1992
and 1993, a decrease of 122 million pounds. In
contrast, transfers of lead to recycling increased
by 8.6 million pounds during the same period.
Other chemicals with large decreases in
transfers to recycling between 1992 and 1993
include: 1,3-butadiene (10.9 million pounds);
1,2-dichloroethane (10.3 million pounds); 1,1,1-
trichloroethane (8.9 million pounds); and
dichloromethane (7.9 million pounds).
Transfers for recycling have increased by 42.0%
since 1991, the first year for which such
reporting was required. Transfers for recycling
for 1991 through 1993 are displayed in
Figure 3-6.
Energy Recovery
Transfers to off-site locations for energy
recovery increased from about 473 million
pounds in 1992 to 487 million pounds in 1993,
an increase of nearly 15 million pounds, or
3.1%.
Chemicals with the largest increases in off-site
transfers for energy recovery include: acetone
(9.1 million pounds); methyl ethyl ketone (6.4
million pounds); xylene (mixed isomers) (5.9
million pounds); acrylic acid (3.7 million
pounds); hydrochloric acid (3.4 million pounds);
tert-butyl alcohol (2.9 million pounds); and
vinyl acetate (2.6 million pounds).
Does not include data for aluminum oxide, delisted chemicals, or chemicals added in 1990 and 1991
163
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
u M *i n gป
Millions of Pounds
1991
1992
1993
Figure 3-7. TRI Transfers to Energy Recovery,
1991-1993.
Chemicals with the largest decreases in off-site
transfers for energy recovery include: methanol
(12.0 million pounds); methyl isobutyl ketone
(5.2 million pounds); styrene (3.4 million
pounds); 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1.3 million
pounds); and benzene (1.2 million pounds).
Transfers for energy recovery have increased by
9.7% since 1991, the first year for which such
reporting was required. Figure 3-7 illustrates
transfers for energy recovery for 1991 through
1993.
Treatment
Transfers to off-site locations for the purposes
of treatment decreased from 397 million pounds
in 1992 to 328 million pounds in 1993, a decline
of 69 million pounds, or 17.4%.
Chemicals with the greatest decreases in
transfers for treatment include: zinc compounds
(25.5 million pounds); antimony compounds
(20.3 million pounds); and lead compounds
(16.6 million pounds). These decreases are
largely attributable to one lead smelter facility,
Doe Run Company in Boss, Missouri. In 1992,
the facility reported transferring about 64
million pounds of these compounds to off-site
locations for solidification/stabilization, a
treatment method which does not result in the
destruction of the chemical. The decline in
1993 occurred because the facility did not repeat
these transfers in 1993. Other chemicals with
large decreases in transfers to treatment include:
acetone (7.9 million pounds); sulfuric acid (7.7
million pounds); arsenic compounds (3.3
million pounds); methanol (2.8 million pounds);
and dichloromethane (2.8 million pounds).
Chemicals with large increases in transfers to
treatment include: chromium compounds (14.1
million pounds); hydrochloric acid (3.9 million
pounds); toluene (2.3 million pounds); and
ethylene glycol (2.1 million pounds).
Figure 3-8 displays transfers to off-site locations
for treatment for 1988 through 1993. These
transfers have declined by 167 million pounds,
or 33.9%, since 1988.
POTWs
Reported transfers to POTWs decreased by
more than 122 million pounds since 1992, from
437 million pounds to 314 million pounds. This
represents a decline of 28.0%. However, if
ammonia and ammonium sulfate (solution) are
excluded from the 1992-1993 comparison,
transfers to POTWs declined by 22.3%.
Chemicals with large decreases in transfers to
POTWs between 1992 and 1993 include:
ammonium sulfate (solution) (61.2 million
pounds); methanol (19.2 million pounds);
164
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Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Millions of Pounds
600
500
100
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993
I H II H H
Millions of Pounds
600
500-
400
300-
200-
100-
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993
Figure 3-8. TRI Transfers to Treatment, 1988-1993.0 Figure 3-9. TRI Transfers to POTWs, 1988-1993.0
sulfuric acid (15.7 million pounds);
hydrochloric acid (9.4 million pounds); and
ethylene glycol (4.8 million pounds).
Transfers of glycol ethers to POTWs increased
by 1.6 million pounds between 1992 and 1993.
No other chemical increased by more than a
million pounds in this transfer category.
Reported transfers to POTWs have decreased by
268 million pounds since 1988, a decline of
46.0%. These transfers are displayed in Figure
3-9. If ammonia and ammonium sulfate
(solution) are excluded from the comparison,
transfers to POTWs have declined by 42.6%
since 1988.
Disposal
Transfers to off-site locations for disposal
increased by 61 million pounds since 1992,
from 264 million pounds to 325 million pounds.
This represents an increase of 23.3%.
This increase is largely due to increased
transfers of several types of metal compounds,
including: zinc compounds (42 million
pounds); lead compounds (6.9 million pounds);
manganese compounds (6.2 million pounds);
and copper compounds (5.5 million pounds).
Other chemicals with large increases in transfers
for disposal included ammonia (9.0 million
pounds) and sulfuric acid (4.4 million pounds).
Chemicals with large decreases in transfers to
disposal include: copper (6.8 million pounds);
barium compounds (5.4 million pounds);
ammonium sulfate (solution) (4.7 million
pounds); and zinc (fume or dust) (3.4 million
pounds).
Transfers off-site for disposal have decreased by
170 million pounds, or 34.6%, since 1988 (see
Figure 3-10).
Does not include data for aluminum oxide, delisted chemicals, or chemicals added in 1990 and 1991
165
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Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
I ซ 90 91 M ซS
Millions of Pounds
600
500-
400-
300-
200-
100-
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993
Figure 3-10. TRI Transfers to Disposal, 1988-1993.ฎ
Other Off-site Transfers
This category includes transfers that are
reported without valid waste management codes
and that therefore cannot be assigned to one of
the reporting categories. These transfers
decreased from 17.9 million pounds in 1992 to
1.8 million pounds in 1993, a decline of 89.9%.
CHANGES IN RELEASES
AND TRANSFERS BY STATE
1992 -1993 Comparisons
Table 3-3 compares the total TRI releases
reported by each state for 1992 and 1993. The
five states with the largest reported decreases in
total TRI releases were Texas (69 million
pounds), Kansas (48 million pounds), Kentucky
(33 million pounds), Arizona (33 million
pounds), and Indiana (26 million pounds).
These five states together account for more than
one-half of the total reductions reported
nationally between 1992 and 1993. For four of
these five states, the majority of the decrease is
attributable to just one or two facilities. Many
of these decreases are explained in greater detail
in the industry section of this chapter.
In Kansas, 41 million pounds of the state's 48
million pound decrease resulted from decreased
underground injection at a Vulcan Chemicals
facility in Wichita. Twenty-nine million pounds
of Kentucky's 33 million pound decrease
resulted from the elimination of underground
injection at a DuPont facility in Louisville.
Arizona's 33 million pound decrease was due
primarily to decreased land releases at a Magma
Copper Co. facility in San Manuel and an
Asarco, Inc. facility in Hayden. Twenty million
pounds of Indiana's 26 million pound decrease
was attributable to decreased land releases at an
Inland Steel facility in East Chicago.
Texas' 69 million pound decrease was due to
decreases in underground injection (37 million
pounds), surface water discharges (14 million
pounds), and air emissions (17 million pounds).
The largest underground injection decreases
were attributable to a Monsanto facility in Alvin
and a Sterling Chemical facility in Texas City,
although numerous other facilities also reported
decreased underground injection. The decrease
in surface water releases was attributable to a
Mobil Mining and Minerals facility in Pasadena.
Many facilities in Texas reported decreased air
emissions.
Figure 3-11 displays the states by percentage
change in TRI total releases from 1992 to 1993.
Fifteen states reported decreases in total releases
of more than 20% between 1992 and 1993. The
three states with the largest percentage
Does not include data for aluminum oxide, delisted chemicals, or chemicals added in 1990 and 1991.
166
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
M 89 M II 92 H
decreases, Arizona (71%), Kansas (54.5%), and
Kentucky (47.4%), were also among the states
with the largest decreases in terms of pounds.
Decreases in Alaska (44.2%), New Hampshire
(35.1%), and South Dakota (33.4%) were
significant on a percentage basis but represent
much smaller decreases in poundage terms
because of the comparatively low release
volumes reported by these states.
Four of the five states with the largest total
releases in 1993 had rates of decrease well
below the 12.6% national average decrease
between 1992 and 1993. Louisiana, the state
with the largest quantity of TRI total releases,
reported only a 2.9% decrease from 1992 to
1993. Tennessee, ranked third in the nation for
total TRI releases, reported a decrease of only
4.9% from 1992 to 1993. Fourth-ranked Ohio
reported a 6.0% decrease between 1992 and
1993, while fifth-ranked Mississippi reported
only a 1.5% decrease. Among the top five
states for total releases in 1993, only Texas
reduced its releases at a rate greater than the
nation as a whole, reporting a 16.4% reduction
from 1992 to 1993.
In contrast to states reporting declining releases
between 1992 and 1993, eight states and
territories reported increases in total TRI
releases (see Table 3-3 and Figure 3-11). Utah's
13 million pound increase was largely due to
increased air releases from a Magnesium
Corporation of America facility in Rowley.
Nevada's increase of 5 million pounds was due
largely to increased land releases at a Coastal
Chemical facility in Battle Mountain. Much of
New Mexico's increase resulted from increased
land releases at a Phelps Dodge Mining facility
in Playas, while Montana's increase was largely
attributable to increased land releases at an
Asarco, Inc. facility in East Helena.
1988-1993 Comparisons
Table 3-4 compares TRI total release data by
state for 1988 through 1993. Figure 3-12
displays the states by 1988 through 1993
percent change in total releases. Twenty-two
states and the District of Columbia have reduced
their releases by more than 50% since 1988; ten
of these have reduced their total TRI releases by
more than 60%. Only three states (Montana,
Nevada, and North Dakota) reported increased
TRI releases between 1988 and 1993.
Figure 3-13 displays the 1988 through 1993
total TRI releases for the five states with the
greatest quantity of TRI releases in 1993.
Louisiana, currently ranked first in the nation
for total releases, has reduced its releases by 282
million pounds since 1988, a decrease of 38.5%.
This is the second-largest decrease of any state
in terms of pounds. Louisiana's underground
injection has decreased by 266 million pounds
and air releases have decreased by 63 million
pounds. However, surface water discharges in
Louisiana have increased by 50 million pounds
since 1988, due to increased discharges of
phosphoric acid from a few fertilizer facilities.
Texas, currently ranked second in the nation for
total TRI releases, has reduced its releases by
412 million pounds since 1988, the largest
decrease for any state. Underground injection in
Texas has decreased by 318 million pounds; air
emissions have decreased by 72 million pounds;
and land releases have decreased by 18 million
pounds. Total releases in Texas have declined
by 54.0% since 1988.
Tennessee, ranked third in the nation for total
releases in 1993, has reduced its releases by less
than 30 million pounds since 1988, a decrease
of only 13.7%. Air releases have decreased by
167
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Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
M u n 11 n M
Table 3-3. Change in Total TRI Releases by State, 1992-1993.
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
1992
Pounds
114,617,447
14,854,171
11,240
46,310,667
43,843,499
71,888,755
5,587,686
16,758,191
5,383,871
82,792,447
55,656,354
872,362
8,345,017
118,934,178
123,420,724
35,707,425
87,561,109
69,956,007
464,191,301
15,001,398
13,240,293
14,842,257
84,688,899
31,770,959
119,826,678
55,389,613
43,905,756
13,151,782
3,646,206
6,166,214
24,534,557
20,369,870
58,889,942
113,817,577
1,904,146
146,904,910
28,547,489
20,215,496
69,374,012
15,174,180
3,769,611
65,332,437
3,013,700
197,995,455
421,081,842
79,186,366
870,090
1,539,233
68,714,342
26,391,876
24,938,418
39,232,604
14,963,904
3,215,084,563
Total Releases
1993
Pounds
105,538,411
8,286,614
18,523
13,436,165
37,077,881
57,270,288
4,912,072
13,195,339
4,812,606
69,145,073
49,886,970
704,152
8,018,204
100,990,919
97,844,399
31,515,946
39,831,380
36,826,199
450,680,961
12,624,098
13,229,878
11,637,903
81,998,546
24,980,209
118,019,466
49,608,818
45,212,291
11,456,786
8,713,850
4,004,358
19,372,889
23,830,114
47,759,205
91,014,680
1,539,427
138,034,559
22,060,782
19,435,631
54,082,286
13,414,400
3,659,185
59,103,879
2,006,951
188,207,643
352,171,723
91,850,812
758,498
1,724,070
65,092,946
24,427,715
25,087,559
35,910,893
16,594,261
2,808,618,413
1992-1993
Pounds
-9,079,036
-6,567,557
7,283
-32,874,502
-6,765,618
-14,618,467
-675,614
-3,562,852
-571,265
-13,647,374
-5,769,384
-168,210
-326,813
-17,943,259
-25,576,325
-4,191,479
-47,729,729
-33,129,808
-13,510,340
-2,377,300
-10,415
-3,204,354
-2,690,353
-6,790,750
-1,807,212
-5,780,795
1,306,535
-1,694,996
5,067,644
-2,161,856
-5,161,668
3,460,244
-11,130,737
-22,802,897
-364,719
-8,870,351
-6,486,707
-779,865
-15,291,726
-1,759,780
-110,426
-6,228,558
-1,006,749
-9,787,812
-68,910,119
12,664,446
-111,592
184,837
-3,621,396
-1,964,161
149,141
-3,321,711
1,630,357
-406,466,150
Change
Percent
-7.9
-44.2
64.8
-71.0
-15.4
-20.3
-12.1
-21.3
-10.6
-16.5
-10.4
-19.3
-3.9
-15.1
-20.7
-11.7
-54.5
-47.4
-2.9
-15.8
-0.1
-21.6
-3.2
-21.4
-1.5
-10.4
3.0
-12.9
139.0
-35.1
-21.0
17.0
-18.9
-20.0
-19.2
-6.0
-22.7
-3.9
-22.0
-11.6
-2.9
-9.5
-33.4
-4.9
-16.4
16.0
-12.8
12.0
-5.3
-7.4
0.6
-8.5
10.9
-12.6
168
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
nn
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169
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-4. Change in Total TRI Releases by State, 1988-1993.ฎ
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Total Releases
1988
Pounds
124,203,261
27,515,117
29,500
70,086,623
68,851,644
114,736,965
14,942,547
34,093,507
8,379,313
500
130,329,460
97,255,939
2,141,399
17,513,277
144,184,257
216,604,627
46,940,359
124,285,922
86,835,818
731,026,374
18,834,914
25,507,507
29,657,098
112,481,872
60,795,508
120,644,040
92,523,686
36,053,149
19,055,948
2,545,717
13,253,686
43,993,112
30,964,260
106,534,276
115,593,111
1,313,104
241,818,005
47,163,228
22,931,048
113,733,843
15,215,281
8,481,738
73,875,226
2,575,033
217,595,873
761,669,219
135,748,733
1,704,770
1,850,198
153,283,259
44,134,195
42,828,515
54,602,909
45,321,040
4,874,239,510
1991
Pounds
118,798,099
18,027,698
22,000
63,181,618
50,609,822
89,813,911
6,501,665
19,903,213
6,344,397
0
88,112,155
64,244,522
913,086
10,481,654
122,817,096
132,207,039
38,353,008
76,199,483
62,182,112
458,797,429
16,283,191
14,732,636
17,409,936
93,306,122
41,229,990
113,342,472
61,551,791
41,450,732
15,542,516
3,246,791
6,049,562
24,353,840
39,835,660
63,841,210
107,924,974
1,908,934
174,911,222
31,087,702
19,824,880
76,201,071
16,786,517
4,479,935
64,103,389
2,787,792
222,052,167
407,845,368
98,331,223
1,000,824
1,520,016
71,649,472
30,305,430
29,061,302
40,197,401
11,862,671
3,393,528,746
1992
Pounds
113,887,655
14,854,171
11,240
46,237,355
43,425,036
70,106,107
5,409,892
16,484,279
5,342,403
0
82,488,754
55,262,095
872,362
8,345,017
117,794,669
122,162,425
35,561,866
86,848,192
68,421,913
462,660,129
14,727,071
13,216,238
14,670,988
84,128,770
31,341,990
118,740,807
55,198,037
43,905,756
13,136,101
3,600,306
6,130,477
24,017,067
20,260,719
58,341,698
111,766,143
1,904,146
145,623,537
28,505,815
20,138,292
68,527,656
14,341,867
3,768,856
65,106,402
2,998,608
197,623,355
418,519,973
79,085,797
865,617
1,539,233
68,025,493
26,255,287
24,355,747
38,906,995
14,963,904
3,190,414,308
1993
Pounds
104,830,451
8,286,614
18,523
13,430,765
36,796,479
56,101,758
4,835,662
13,076,270
4,773,721
0
68,934,941
49,758,950
704,152
8,018,204
100,346,166
96,737,534
31,408,837
39,052,085
35,294,093
449,468,130
12,359,348
13,210,159
11,477,109
81,559,013
24,813,026
117,243,675
49,528,970
45,212,291
11,453,221
8,687,450
3,974,535
18,828,700
23,764,203
47,486,382
90,217,816
1,539,427
137,173,667
22,018,988
19,404,218
53,775,127
12,979,835
3,658,435
58,982,852
1,995,711
187,884,897
350,135,400
91,778,892
742,248
1,724,070
64,564,077
24,337,292
24,729,909
35,710,187
16,594,261
2,791,418,726
iyoo-iyy
Pounds
-19,372,810
-19,228,503
-10,977
-56,655,858
-32,055,165
-58,635,207
-10,106,885
-21,017,237
-3,605,592
-500
-61,394,519
-47,496,989
-1,437,247
-9,495,073
-43,838,091
-119,867,093
-15,531,522
-85,233,837
-51,541,725
-281,558,244
-6,475,566
-12,297,348
-18,179,989
-30,922,859
-35,982,482
-3,400,365
-42,994,716
9,159,142
-7,602,727
6,141,733
-9,279,151
-25,164,412
-7,200,057
-59,047,894
-25,375,295
226,323
-104,644,338
-25,144,240
-3,526,830
-59,958,716
-2,235,446
-4,823,303
-14,892,374
-579,322
-29,710,976
-411,533,819
-43,969,841
-962,522
-126,128
-88,719,182
-19,796,903
-18,098,606
-18,892,722
-28,726,779
-2,082,820,784
3 Change
Percent
-15.6
-69.9
-37.2
-80.8
-46.6
-51.1
-67.6
-61.6
-43.0
-100.0
-47.1
-48.8
-67.1
-54.2
-30.4
-55.3
-33.1
-68.6
-59.4
-38.5
-34.4
-48.2
-61.3
-27.5
-59.2
-2.8
-46.5
25.4
-39.9
241.3
-70.0
-57.2
-23.3
-55.4
-22.0
17.2
-43.3
-53.3
-15.4
-52.7
-14.7
-56.9
-20.2
-22.5
-13.7
-54.0
-32.4
-56.5
-6.8
-57.9
-44.9
-42.3
-34.6
-63.4
-42.7
Does not include data for aluminum oxide, delisted chemicals, or chemicals added in 1990 and 1991.
170
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Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
ง1
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s
2
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171
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Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
M If M tl 92
Millions of Pounds
800
700-
600-
500-
400 -
300-
200 -
100 -
1988
El 1989
1990
D1991
D1992
1993
Louisiana Texas Tennessee Ohio Mississippi
Figure 3-13. Total TRI Releases, 1988-1993, of Top Five States for Total Releases in 1993.ฎ
Does not include data for aluminum oxide, delisted chemicals, or chemicals added in 1990 and 1991.
172
-------
Chapter 3 year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
i ป tt ti n M
31 million pounds, water releases by 4 million
pounds, and releases to land by 6.6 million
pounds, but underground injection has
increased.
Fourth-ranked Ohio has reduced its releases by
105 million pounds since 1988, a decrease of
43.3%. Air releases have decreased by 65
million pounds, and underground injection has
decreased by 31 million pounds. Releases to
surface water and to land also decreased.
Mississippi has reduced its total TRI releases by
only 3 million pounds since 1988, a decrease of
just 2.8%. Because of this, Mississippi has
moved from 12th in the nation for total TRI
releases in 1988 to fifth in the nation in 1993.
Mississippi's air releases have decreased by 15
million pounds since 1988. Land and water
releases have also decreased. However, an
increase of 16 million pounds in underground
injection nearly offset these decreases to other
media.
Table 3-5 presents the complete release and
transfer information for each state for 1988 and
1991 -1993. No reports were received from
Guam or the Northern Mariana Islands for any
year 1988-1993. No reports were received from
the District of Columbia for any year
1990-1993.
CHANGE IN RELEASES
AND TRANSFERS BY INDUSTRY
1992-1993 Comparisons
Between 1992 and 1993, 18 of the 20 industry
groups covered by TRI reported decreased
releases. Only two industry groups (furniture
and stone/clay/glass) reported increases, and
these increases were small in both percentage
and poundage terms. Facilities that did not fall
within the covered industrial sectors also
reported increased releases, largely due to this
year's voluntary reporting by Department of
Energy facilities, many of which did not report
an SIC code within the covered range. Table
3-6 presents the 1992 to 1993 change in TRI
total releases by industry group.
The chemical industry accounted for the largest
decrease in total releases between 1992 and
1993, about 236 million pounds. This
represents 58.0% of the total reduction across all
industry groups. Facilities reporting activities
within more than one industry group (identified
as "multiple codes 20-39" in the tables) reported
the next largest quantity of TRI release
reductions, at 61 million pounds. The primary
metals and paper industries followed, with 20
million pounds and 18 million pounds of
reductions respectively.
The largest decreases in percentage terms
between 1992 and 1993 were reported by the
following industry groups: apparel (29.1%),
multiple codes 20-39 (27.5%), electrical
(23.9%), tobacco (23.2%), and leather (22.1%).
Three of these five groups (leather, tobacco and
apparel) report comparatively small quantities of
TRI releases each year, so their large percentage
decreases represent comparatively small
decreases in terms of pounds.
1988-1993 Comparisons
Between 1988 and 1993, the chemical industry
accounted for more than one billion pounds of
total TRI release reductions, or about 49% of the
total reduction of 2.1 billion pounds across all
industry groups. Facilities reporting "multiple
codes" accounted for 344 million pounds of
release reductions, or about 16.5% of total
reductions across all industry groups. Primary
metals followed, with 237 million pounds of
173
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-5. TRI Releases and Transfers by State, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).ฎ
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Facilities
Number
515
512
491
411
8
6
7
6
3
2
2
2
180
187
200
197
397
393
399
346
1,752
1,880
1,991
1,952
189
200
216
189
385
419
449
458
73
68
72
63
1
511
533
530
521
730
750
756
659
Total
Air
Emissions
Pounds
94,452,970
94,776,223
99,893,685
106,370,320
6,228,306
10,945,946
13,226,443
23,045,564
18,518
11,240
22,000
29,500
5,475,637
8,516,122
9,847,377
16,408,538
29,150,507
27,753,385
32,465,316
48,942,279
45,390,644
55,605,927
69,150,379
94,170,937
4,358,606
4,991,231
5,817,935
12,032,488
10,357,954
13,379,545
16,005,265
26,323,702
4,463,950
4,966,998
5,840,399
7,564,595
250
30,378,667
33,541,044
38,424,604
51,839,109
45,266,851
50,315,452
58,346,255
84,870,994
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
5,628,250
6,708,092
4,261,623
7,078,632
2,056,183
3,907,576
4,795,973
4,466,815
5
0
0
0
57
5
32,960
9,855
1,549,879
1,429,109
2,419,047
7,448,161
3,084,987
10,212,998
10,141,472
10,862,037
189,656
139,971
195,424
114,864
2,345,208
3,100,833
3,894,543
6,081,914
135,504
236,887
349,040
574,601
250
2,149,042
3,294,027
3,145,245
6,955,162
3,037,516
3,681,542
4,728,830
3,021,415
Underground
Injection
Pounds
145,613
6,269,403
7,988,920
6,139,021
192
192
150
1,018
0
0
0
0
18
0
0
505
3,624,516
11,995,448
14,031,499
10,521,284
4,152,139
884,806
1,934,745
1,586,653
500
500
500
1,000
0
0
50
250
0
0
0
0
0
10,940,759
11,772,909
13,728,636
34,651,616
0
10
0
59,467
Releases
to Land
Pounds
4,603,618
6,133,937
6,653,871
4,615,288
1,933
457
5,132
1,720
0
0
0
0
7,955,053
37,721,228
53,301,281
53,667,725
2,471,577
2,247,094
1,693,960
1,939,920
3,473,988
3,402,376
8,587,315
8,117,338
286,900
278,190
487,806
2,794,195
373,108
3,901
3,355
1,687,641
174,267
138,518
154,958
240,117
0
25,466,473
33,880,774
32,813,670
36,883,573
1,454,583
1,265,091
1,169,437
9,304,063
Total
Releases
Pounds
104,830,451
113,887,655
118,798,099
124,203,261
8,286,614
14,854,171
18,027,698
27,515,117
18,523
11,240
22,000
29,500
13,430,765
46,237,355
63,181,618
70,086,623
36,796,479
43,425,036
50,609,822
68,851,644
56,101,758
70,106,107
89,813,911
114,736,965
4,835,662
5,409,892
6,501,665
14,942,547
13,076,270
16,484,279
19,903,213
34,093,507
4,773,721
5,342,403
6,344,397
8,379,313
500
68,934,941
82,488,754
88,112,155
130,329,460
49,758,950
55,262,095
64,244,522
97,255,939
174
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-5.
State
Alabama
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers to
Recyclingฎ
Pounds
49,411,919
36,061,428
38,937,858
NA
450,043
242,373
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
47,131,738
25,426,742
23,896,144
NA
60,124,314
49,565,897
31,237,807
NA
227,117,419
126,133,070
134,303,309
NA
9,794,524
9,446,111
6,963,112
NA
24,714,593
21,520,050
22,684,433
NA
16,303,324
7,746,970
7,053,510
NA
NA
21,515,244
19,726,248
15,251,216
NA
52,316,876
54,296,489
55,360,824
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recoveryฎ
Pounds
11,889,056
11,407,672
45,420,800
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
716,757
958,400
878,222
NA
6,023,768
5,082,000
3,517,892
NA
9,592,954
12,467,037
13,636,557
NA
3,925,318
2,014,368
1,330,388
NA
4,055,556
4,397,696
3,586,484
NA
439,333
1,388,720
1,186,088
NA
NA
3,519,899
4,960,554
5,041,258
NA
7,034,249
6,742,916
6,971,745
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
7,762,906
9,890,289
9,368,874
8,849,328
2,364
3,088
1,036
0
7
0
0
0
2,388,813
2,178,744
1,034,599
1,196,919
1,280,106
1,411,690
2,253,292
2,475,995
6,719,496
6,752,821
6,325,074
18,029,751
3,654,992
3,021,533
1,805,923
2,454,676
6,771,558
6,334,341
6,561,696
11,035,879
1,005,196
767,827
742,594
2,429,914
250
3,823,517
5,961,173
7,231,046
8,812,359
2,433,374
3,031,027
3,338,137
8,822,435
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
468,526
1,100,003
980,312
1,155,334
20
20
0
1,000
0
0
0
0
533,642
471,720
475,457
4,536,846
596,866
507,668
576,646
1,274,333
19,418,656
21,274,971
26,033,306
49,394,439
631,964
516,212
465,991
631,606
1,251,210
1,831,145
1,568,527
3,318,028
3,062,509
2,455,462
2,369,900
3,276,713
250
9,363,494
12,482,174
13,653,053
16,229,362
4,382,211
4,984,085
8,369,069
8,302,726
Transfers to
Disposal
Pounds
7,389,355
6,172,978
5,963,786
6,725,990
20
40
20
1,750
0
0
0
0
204,721
87,829
85,176
722,213
1,021,874
5,028,546
2,180,477
5,181,969
9,342,538
5,712,458
8,891,714
19,645,183
1,193,767
222,682
1,065,552
2,589,861
888,324
940,856
1,013,982
5,611,188
120,206
42,934
28,746
1 ,722,689
0
1,879,497
2,061,201
2,636,278
2,791,703
3,462,302
7,847,850
8,854,383
20,358,710
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
3,957,959
583,808
153,791
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
14,362
42,941
27,417
255
57,677
4,124
293,784
217,552
114,136
310,177
4,109,781
4,050
250
170,450
169,898
16,682
239,993
191,209
334,573
0
0
0
19,894
0
224,115
1,500
18,154
1,652,325
504
668,510
260,938
777,801
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
76,921,762
68,590,329
101,255,438
NA
452,447
245,521
1,056
NA
7
0
0
NA
50,975,671
29,137,797
26,412,539
6,483,395
69,047,183
61,653,478
39,770,238
NA
272,408,615
172,454,493
189,500,137
NA
19,204,615
15,221,156
11,801,416
NA
37,697,923
35,264,081
35,606,331
NA
20,930,568
12,401,913
11,380,838
NA
NA
40,325,766
45,192,850
43,831,005
NA
69,629,516
77,570,877
83,155,096
NA
175
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
U 19 M II M H
Table 3-5. TRI Releases and Transfers by State, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered),ฎ Continued.
State
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Facilities
Number
18
21
28
27
58
55
57
51
1,383
1,416
1,451
1,359
1,038
1,051
1,041
875
426
430
451
391
287
290
290
230
442
449
445
350
317
327
328
302
111
113
112
105
207
229
235
215
587
636
670
684
967
985
1,011
935
Total
Air
Emissions
Pounds
528,077
594,381
579,658
874,145
4,269,802
5,314,084
6,412,663
5,366,683
62,366,460
72,817,721
81,784,558
111,131,104
75,769,047
83,784,172
92,219,158
113,768,665
28,052,182
32,752,650
34,562,280
44,920,242
20,617,226
25,173,697
29,110,801
32,793,376
33,486,528
37,238,722
37,857,785
49,374,375
76,565,401
88,214,090
99,112,878
139,659,494
10,355,218
12,695,425
13,865,946
17,436,476
10,434,069
10,785,257
12,756,332
19,665,296
11,378,603
14,500,877
16,845,565
28,070,951
67,422,197
66,971,065
71,716,215
99,333,991
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
14,300
7,210
17,029
10,000
30,574
160,405
187,956
296,220
5,167,267
5,760,454
6,443,167
14,185,427
777,603
1,063,460
1,658,364
4,913,927
1,055,579
1,276,714
2,001,525
1,383,577
743,750
733,266
935,630
802,762
488,334
574,974
694,592
1,698,577
210,332,991
185,324,008
161,288,380
159,858,867
625,901
568,953
799,298
437,488
567,509
838,672
682,953
3,955,551
46,533
74,809
396,842
674,240
331,049
748,252
943,412
1,151,606
Underground
Injection
Pounds
160,015
269,261
235,199
1,051,509
0
0
0
0
12,551,415
20,942,170
16,199,440
7,340,184
7,425,421
3,777,831
2,361,080
34,845,400
0
0
0
5
17,159,038
59,640,479
44,921,511
90,207,210
20,000
29,040,503
22,000,001
30,000,250
157,993,740
186,623,578
196,547,237
423,893,540
0
405
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
4,000
4,674,279
6,083,782
6,699,997
6,326,978
Releases
to Land
Pounds
1,760
1,510
81,200
205,745
3,717,828
2,870,528
3,881,035
11,850,374
20,261,024
18,274,324
18,389,931
11,527,542
12,765,463
33,536,962
35,968,437
63,076,635
2,301,076
1,532,502
1,789,203
636,535
532,071
1,300,750
1,231,541
482,574
1,299,231
1,567,714
1,629,734
5,762,616
4,575,998
2,498,453
1,848,934
7,614,473
1,378,229
1,462,288
1,617,947
960,950
2,208,581
1,592,309
1,293,351
1,886,658
51,973
95,302
167,529
907,907
9,131,488
10,325,671
13,946,498
5,669,297
Total
Releases
Pounds
704,152
872,362
913,086
2,141,399
8,018,204
8,345,017
10,481,654
17,513,277
100,346,166
117,794,669
122,817,096
144,184,257
96,737,534
122,162,425
132,207,039
216,604,627
31,408,837
35,561,866
38,353,008
46,940,359
39,052,085
86,848,192
76,199,483
124,285,922
35,294,093
68,421,913
62,182,112
86,835,818
449,468,130
462,660,129
458,797,429
731,026,374
12,359,348
14,727,071
16,283,191
18,834,914
13,210,159
13,216,238
14,732,636
25,507,507
11,477,109
14,670,988
17,409,936
29,657,098
81,559,013
84,128,770
93,306,122
112,481,872
176
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-5, Cent.
State
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers to
Recyclingฎ
Pounds
39,148
26,749
42,781
NA
515,255
346,467
475,287
NA
140,933,777
162,023,332
76,693,694
NA
412,481,486
341,662,006
304,793,519
NA
23,113,606
17,748,714
16,973,972
NA
39,859,752
44,734,201
35,653,762
NA
62,739,431
62,869,765
60,500,736
NA
111,171,967
231,886,447
60,750,398
NA
2,965,478
2,539,404
2,509,350
NA
51,991,750
24,123,689
24,938,305
NA
23,304,629
18,321,707
17,543,542
NA
168,262,972
121,963,653
111,493,430
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recoveryฎ
Pounds
0
0
185
NA
247,671
302,663
283,187
NA
38,002,055
32,658,005
26,725,749
NA
16,590,901
17,897,302
19,831,047
NA
4,621,931
3,651,816
4,219,002
NA
2,159,540
2,316,274
1,862,329
NA
10,182,787
6,823,493
5,335,688
NA
6,371,403
6,897,947
5,125,335
NA
600,484
430,462
298,665
NA
2,566,686
1,139,762
1,625,128
NA
7,924,901
8,917,378
6,716,558
NA
70,457,204
73,481,357
60,194,873
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
790
15
20
0
46,510
70,395
61,501
56,281
19,406,495
18,076,676
15,698,998
27,340,153
31,238,081
41,176,480
35,478,495
26,390,456
2,529,978
2,282,581
2,529,662
2,690,853
3,918,371
4,030,350
3,659,227
2,336,629
9,535,349
9,983,387
7,112,220
15,905,816
5,551,227
4,962,239
9,159,551
3,307,053
296,433
265,267
503,070
381,242
1,688,835
1,765,294
2,096,159
3,231,802
4,340,818
5,595,333
5,458,416
14,421,000
16,687,498
21,514,397
23,130,810
33,449,455
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
5,000
30,000
31,250
835,250
2,027,567
2,063,990
1,561,850
437,263
47,877,307
72,223,793
59,525,094
60,061,317
3,570,817
4,405,495
4,516,660
14,013,565
8,833,109
8,783,059
8,997,207
6,569,558
2,455,067
3,574,626
1,968,205
3,114,461
2,187,480
2,414,326
1,955,063
2,802,252
36,894
60,497
109,452
3,533,503
625,989
675,939
808,832
2,755,230
5,353,989
4,603,336
4,482,589
3,992,911
4,729,882
5,099,751
6,334,749
15,994,771
7,834,396
14,604,369
14,725,032
15,975,843
Transfers to
Disposal
Pounds
14,982
163,500
12,388
13,682
4,839
35,465
5,065
65,184
16,962,343
14,473,571
20,054,598
26,679,427
14,476,483
14,117,655
10,477,614
24,760,847
1,290,730
1,853,670
1,844,626
4,489,599
9,058,591
9,142,363
7,419,501
1,831,455
2,938,000
3,156,946
7,125,063
16,772,244
2,562,366
3,573,063
4,463,258
10,214,530
193,879
890,885
1,034,786
910,261
359,170
413,981
741,339
2,093,734
1,241,351
1,783,880
2,265,246
6,969,590
31,335,674
22,519,154
22,908,607
47,795,441
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
750
7,986
778,146
336,241
4,105,252
3,574
820,996
1,372,819
1,188,381
750
68,865
41,510
204,866
15,847
104,452
1,660
186,506
60,960
676,902
794,053
1,482,747
0
250
9,627
195,152
0
4,320
9,600
30,883
0
1,830
5,653
130,866
52,605
151,309
261,357
990,256
137,246
596,888
214,589
7,619,474
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
59,920
220,264
86,624
NA
2,842,092
2,818,980
2,386,890
NA
263,189,963
300,233,523
199,034,374
NA
478,361,342
420,079,934
376,470,154
NA
40,390,104
34,388,705
34,605,979
NA
57,467,168
63,902,266
50,564,684
NA
87,644,007
85,924,819
82,822,823
NA
125,693,857
247,380,443
79,617,621
NA
4,682,263
4,806,277
5,164,303
NA
61,960,430
32,047,892
33,889,173
NA
41,594,186
39,869,358
38,579,868
NA
294,714,990
254,679,818
232,667,341
NA
177
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-5. TRI Releases and Transfers by State, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered),ฎ Continued.
State
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Facilities
Number
522
550
577
450
321
320
318
274
588
602
620
568
23
23
25
25
172
183
186
155
39
44
41
38
126
131
130
156
697
761
807
901
41
44
45
35
846
911
927
965
960
983
987
908
33
37
39
30
Total
Air
Emissions
Pounds
22,171,842
29,333,827
39,094,060
54,921,421
47,439,061
53,411,403
57,331,902
62,496,064
32,608,487
36,826,859
36,556,231
51,092,258
2,395,245
2,805,798
2,749,442
2,931,679
10,807,776
12,583,369
14,761,859
18,689,493
1,025,763
831,295
850,891
704,246
3,896,982
6,047,679
5,977,605
12,299,335
14,920,268
20,056,780
21,352,227
39,685,456
1,770,219
1,865,039
2,153,933
2,133,348
44,582,161
54,953,215
60,470,081
101,440,567
73,385,954
90,255,230
83,543,874
98,054,983
1,467,998
1,755,365
1,806,627
1,272,889
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
450,851
502,929
688,369
2,735,819
1,774,942
1,544,709
2,071,882
2,339,398
1,439,832
1,119,082
1,230,431
1,941,032
182,387
140,144
167,267
206,524
339,827
446,199
385,629
309,718
0
370
250
250
66,329
74,689
61,608
523,733
3,271,416
3,310,512
2,492,721
1,417,766
14,254
6
9,992
505
1,779,140
1,812,867
1,644,196
2,072,538
735,905
750,668
776,032
699,061
70,147
118,022
79,557
4,903
Underground
Injection
Pounds
48
0
0
0
62,573,996
57,994,938
48,370,606
46,806,563
0
250
0
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
750
1
2,950
0
0
750
5
255
250
37
251
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
2,190,285
1,505,234
1,447,561
3,138,268
5,455,676
5,789,757
5,568,082
9,002,015
15,480,651
17,251,846
23,765,129
39,489,896
42,634,659
40,959,814
38,534,023
32,914,946
305,618
106,533
395,028
56,737
7,661,687
2,768,641
2,395,650
1,841,221
11,224
8,109
10,349
430,618
637,016
649,025
508,891
2,886,940
21,979,730
18,395,674
37,670,985
28,830,402
1,124,826
1,575,366
1,726,896
3,020,920
16,095,957
20,760,245
23,605,068
16,839,067
1,282
30,759
22,750
35,312
Total
Releases
Pounds
24,813,026
31,341,990
41,229,990
60,795,508
117,243,675
118,740,807
113,342,472
120,644,040
49,528,970
55,198,037
61,551,791
92,523,686
45,212,291
43,905,756
41,450,732
36,053,149
11,453,221
13,136,101
15,542,516
19,055,948
8,687,450
3,600,306
3,246,791
2,545,717
3,974,535
6,130,477
6,049,562
13,253,686
18,828,700
24,017,067
24,353,840
43,993,112
23,764,203
20,260,719
39,835,660
30,964,260
47,486,382
58,341,698
63,841,210
106,534,276
90,217,816
111,766,143
107,924,974
115,593,111
1,539,427
1,904,146
1,908,934
1,313,104
178
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-5, Cont.
State
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers to
Recyclingฎ
Pounds
17,457,987
18,738,921
19,815,262
NA
258,103,275
63,693,450
44,677,116
NA
47,477,206
183,268,798
38,827,718
NA
1,941,469
2,480,412
2,924,659
NA
21,329,393
21,761,301
14,038,853
NA
682,744
419,922
387,776
NA
7,117,233
7,062,135
8,265,258
NA
98,048,283
102,973,608
92,888,301
NA
390,388
313,771
188,434
NA
79,057,657
57,266,078
49,164,949
NA
100,504,475
110,627,532
116,315,755
NA
219,148
1 14,470
337,150
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recoveryฎ
Pounds
5,386,483
4,999,692
3,613,037
NA
3,895,438
3,343,015
3,847,169
NA
8,290,592
9,255,122
9,739,096
NA
73,110
117,059
184,409
NA
787,282
1,133,219
1,004,157
NA
4,579
12,816
8,274
NA
310,431
428,063
329,441
NA
28,065,982
29,253,898
22,989,084
NA
170,856
227,060
147,996
NA
7,458,646
10,292,702
9,957,928
NA
10,263,962
10,431,734
7,814,206
NA
46,830
60,934
36,120
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
2,127,110
2,847,052
2,110,138
4,547,703
1,599,078
1,437,413
1,756,694
3,760,218
18,057,576
74,352,525
6,342,080
5,810,955
10,785
10,962
156,506
4,456
2,595,999
1,909,913
3,875,356
647,509
17,379
25,647
24,787
608,807
415,357
579,287
1,668,725
1,536,083
10,163,190
17,231,121
17,593,895
29,468,328
79,609
75,712
61,401
117,340
7,290,079
8,704,470
8,630,886
36,211,314
5,146,961
6,210,567
7,531,785
8,482,626
61,531
101,296
38,860
79,047
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
5,852,931
4,960,017
4,793,498
6,067,584
926,549
834,083
1,070,325
1,500,235
21,898,241
22,846,331
25,883,697
67,045,716
27,822
27,803
10,650
1,312
1,248,693
1,458,203
1,295,347
901,304
7,279
9,832
8,612
20,611
445,404
499,125
450,869
494,944
38,827,858
92,796,372
43,936,304
55,314,239
334,316
213,548
150,891
35,871
8,468,186
10,043,826
10,741,004
23,071,991
3,585,267
4,267,427
5,697,808
6,815,189
194,415
191,497
108,820
52,832
Transfers to
Disposal
Pounds
580,733
637,747
975,644
1,677,060
1,349,877
1,380,783
972,664
3,937,564
3,315,331
2,851,944
2,343,143
6,559,057
58,774
154,510
78,854
42,914
12,687,901
3,937,567
4,117,766
3,783,694
67,742
103,948
62,693
63,885
457,796
350,363
386,509
5,765,770
3,863,365
2,689,031
2,327,380
37,270,410
33,604
23,729
31,920
144,690
6,028,558
5,164,829
5,679,924
12,177,760
4,740,070
4,569,438
4,085,200
10,727,098
3,913
40,768
5,070
65,740
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
22,495
24,730
13,183
4,200
16,035
12,955
456,806
5,155
67,077
133,959
2,115,379
0
0
0
0
260
1,264,675
6,866
25,850
0
0
800
0
0
1,000
38,650
480,251
95,107
262,619
176,797
2,852,516
0
350
25,444
15
181,623
254,438
524,430
765,028
6,173
745,242
170,876
503,180
0
0
399
12,500
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
31,405,244
32,205,924
31,332,309
NA
265,878,417
70,704,779
52,336,923
NA
99,044,101
292,641,797
83,269,693
NA
2,111,960
2,790,746
3,355,078
NA
38,649,528
31,464,878
24,338,345
NA
779,723
572,165
492,942
NA
8,746,221
8,919,973
11,139,452
NA
179,063,785
245,206,649
179,911,761
NA
1,008,773
854,170
606,086
NA
108,484,749
91,726,343
84,699,121
NA
124,246,908
136,851,940
141,615,630
NA
525,837
508,965
526,419
NA
179
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-5. TRI Releases and Transfers by State, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered),ฎ Continued.
State
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Facilities
Number '
1,665
1,721
1,732
1,573
254
263
273
214
255
259
263
226
1,252
1,311
1,305
1,169
177
179
190
188
158
170
184
203
493
506
487
396
64
59
60
50
692
677
695
570
1,231
1,260
1,278
1,203
143
133
139
128
44
50
53
58
Total
Air
Emissions
Pounds
83,792,400
92,520,737
104,036,388
148,603,290
17,187,197
24,536,942
26,532,093
38,653,645
16,871,972
16,895,870
18,151,626
21,219,964
51,764,466
62,379,347
67,130,116
92,648,629
12,952,897
14,257,393
16,536,450
14,981,368
3,524,672
3,640,627
4,356,211
7,780,445
56,860,890
61,656,538
61,817,652
71,377,086
1,788,083
2,941,598
2,751,314
2,572,382
116,411,833
127,889,032
144,301,700
147,771,874
140,034,096
156,852,497
167,236,824
212,035,815
80,079,033
68,894,045
74,487,866
121,616,755
740,538
825,501
899,385
1,567,121
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
4,798,638
4,792,155
5,915,122
5,824,367
418,143
1,075,541
508,705
365,705
562,627
507,790
386,860
349,951
1,054,517
1,351,024
1,235,814
4,201,887
16,531
45,961
119,417
123,088
133,763
115,849
121,277
586,245
962,990
1 ,062,493
1,210,519
1,198,713
15,018
57,005
9,038
2,400
2,263,941
2,663,915
3,645,608
6,324,864
2,260,881
16,366,461
2,918,475
5,583,447
48,077
103,845
120,656
330,471
1,450
32,363
44,250
113,308
Underground
Injection
Pounds
25,865,489
25,090,615
29,417,995
56,920,303
1,228,210
2,029,508
2,597,370
6,353,464
0
0
0
1
3,202
250
0
750
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
62,224,840
63,508,375
69,568,902
49,906,115
190,738,374
227,379,989
223,928,366
508,621,691
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
22,717,140
23,220,030
35,541,717
30,470,045
3,185,438
863,824
1,449,534
1,790,414
1,969,619
2,734,632
1,286,394
1,361,132
952,942
4,797,035
7,835,141
16,882,577
10,407
38,263
130,650
110,825
0
12,380
2,447
115,048
1,158,972
2,387,371
1,075,218
1,299,422
192,610
5
27,440
251
6,984,283
3,562,033
4,535,957
13,593,020
17,102,049
17,921,026
13,761,703
35,428,266
11,651,782
10,087,907
23,722,701
13,801,507
260
7,753
57,189
24,341
Total
Releases
Pounds
137,173,667
145,623,537
174,911,222
241,818,005
22,018,988
28,505,815
31,087,702
47,163,228
19,404,218
20,138,292
19,824,880
22,931,048
53,775,127
68,527,656
76,201,071
113,733,843
12,979,835
14,341,867
16,786,517
15,215,281
3,658,435
3,768,856
4,479,935
8,481,738
58,982,852
65,106,402
64,103,389
73,875,226
1,995,711
2,998,608
2,787,792
2,575,033
187,884,897
197,623,355
222,052,167
217,595,873
350,135,400
418,519,973
407,845,368
761,669,219
91,778,892
79,085,797
98,331,223
135,748,733
742,248
865,617
1,000,824
1,704,770
180
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to- Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-5, Cont.
State
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers to
Recyclingฎ
Pounds
200,014,535
189,370,223
225,549,969
NA
21,292,450
13,810,720
15,939,841
NA
16,370,061
12,685,698
11,918,637
NA
180,134,262
120,038,282
108,705,325
NA
14,610,091
12,167,702
13,339,730
NA
11,664,174
10,687,202
8,177,750
NA
118,430,840
74,134,351
82,846,935
NA
290,928
245,985
229,236
NA
43,698,661
52,128,039
33,219,923
NA
244,946,407
287,732,341
165,613,437
NA
35,586,971
32,355,524
28,835,045
NA
3,978,943
4,317,515
2,249,092
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recoveryฉ
Pounds
30,980,601
37,290,683
26,644,569
NA
2,718,713
1,241,820
1,296,393
NA
609,476
588,961
463,675
NA
20,459,223
18,197,882
16,548,187
NA
8,217,141
9,461,194
7,465,598
NA
457,959
427,324
462,785
NA
10,029,008
8,339,637
6,645,558
NA
212,101
277,083
207,533
NA
9,794,572
11,916,908
8,700,356
NA
84,712,999
83,542,166
72,711,099
NA
325,535
329,018
398,810
NA
177,002
531,800
73,460
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
46,886,014
30,410,545
42,484,191
48,441,104
860,135
1,348,901
1,876,150
2,824,462
697,633
849,150
929,737
1,718,149
25,057,192
29,364,407
33,609,522
44,433,916
6,476,251
4,983,259
8,233,804
5,064,641
532,343
610,681
735,021
2,536,696
7,621,370
6,866,521
8,341,762
7,467,787
53,737
92,139
33,264
193,764
3,596,168
2,972,678
3,486,325
7,231,167
33,595,608
35,692,564
41,656,840
52,820,131
735,980
397,231
932,712
1,551,509
320,564
155,838
673,933
646,556
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
17,640,137
21,833,878
25,309,980
26,977,385
195,438
183,937
155,798
503,489
4,827,452
4,251,480
4,140,800
7,113,907
9,609,688
13,343,914
15,606,466
15,789,446
3,581,800
4,364,070
5,898,885
7,697,098
1,925,027
446,844
678,968
1,938,667
2,483,753
4,377,464
3,573,695
2,705,063
192,453
147,562
200,299
156,889
19,410,913
21,153,381
22,769,118
25,934,481
22,429,456
30,965,605
30,372,244
48,877,176
529,260
618,530
672,513
994,393
18,713
53,662
35,707
72,761
Transfers to
Disposal
Pounds
37,470,966
28,239,194
21,184,948
61,024,584
11,208,915
7,162,655
13,845,471
8,969,718
1,173,531
3,100,996
4,028,403
3,738,694
61,662,971
23,854,425
17,074,276
43,897,788
347,434
425,286
473,411
168,717
2,515,076
1,977,373
413,262
2,021,287
3,711,850
5,692,675
3,804,399
5,449,641
65,328
50,126
47,621
217,770
9,573,576
16,873,049
18,217,541
12,190,378
32,587,370
31,928,558
34,977,531
28,145,897
6,925,955
4,248,643
2,305,445
535,365
26,182
37,273
29,388
146,768
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
41,700
1,693,763
262,539
8,191,643
1,750
6,825
250
80,865
0
4,800
58,943
12,879
595,141
3,168,886
238,169
693,734
250
45,188
250
26,200
37
11,628
16,602
24,858
0
421,713
529,632
5,973,334
0
44,644
39,550
250
2,434
53,018
1,753,189
234,048
36,008
1,039,435
1,296,160
1,093,893
7,407
0
12,000
52,937
0
0
4,400
15,340
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
333,033,953
308,838,286
341,436,196
NA
36,277,401
23,754,858
33,113,903
NA
23,678,153
21,481,085
21,540,195
NA
297,518,477
207,967,796
191,781,945
NA
33,232,967
31,446,699
35,411,678
NA
17,094,616
14,161,052
10,484,388
NA
142,276,821
99,832,361
105,741,981
NA
814,547
857,539
757,503
NA
86,076,324
105,097,073
88,146,452
NA
418,307,848
470,900,669
346,627,311
NA
44,111,108
37,948,946
33,156,525
NA
4,521,404
5,096,088
3,065,980
NA
181
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-5. TRI Releases and Transfers by State, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered),ฎ Continued.
State
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Facilities
Number
3
3
3
2
471
471
489
443
311
336
361
341
152
149
151
125
881
879
897
788
29
26
27
27
23,227
23,993
24,521
22,538
Total
Air
Emissions
Pounds
1,560,702
1,427,345
1,110,088
1,705,156
60,471,504
63,695,985
67,195,041
126,862,469
20,399,996
21,886,680
25,902,314
29,614,301
22,742,261
22,571,056
27,183,422
37,887,388
33,019,381
36,767,131
37,249,756
47,493,800
1,897,651
2,292,899
2,937,639
2,891,064
1,655,358,748
1,848,302,336
2,022,328,114
2,706,997,365
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
137,330
111,274
394,318
4,700
1,812,367
1,887,114
2,432,270
20,139,004
3,746,409
3,954,933
4,246,080
13,605,620
1,657,984
1,523,228
1,554,714
4,045,736
649,215
677,477
710,941
513,051
69,677
120,529
106,205
42,050
271,092,265
276,111,371
245,301,508
311,587,802
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,373
0
0
0
0
64
0
0
0
0
300
25
250
14,512,026
12,514,351
8,652,092
27,113,559
575,994,149
725,821,103
709,185,109
1,342,357,672
Releases
to Land
Pounds
26,038
614
15,610
140,342
2,280,206
2,442,394
2,022,161
6,280,413
190,887
413,674
157,036
914,274
329,600
261,463
323,166
895,391
2,041,591
1,462,087
2,236,679
6,595,808
114,907
36,125
166,735
15,274,367
288,973,564
340,179,498
416,714,015
513,296,671
Total
Releases
Pounds
1,724,070
1,539,233
1,520,016
1,850,198
64,564,077
68,025,493
71,649,472
153,283,259
24,337,292
26,255,287
30,305,430
44,134,195
24,729,909
24,355,747
29,061,302
42,828,515
35,710,187
38,906,995
40,197,401
54,602,909
16,594,261
14,963,904
11,862,671
45,321,040
2,791,418,726
3,190,414,308
3,393,528,746
4,874,239,510
182
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-5, Cont.
State
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Total
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
Transfers to to Energy Transfers to Transfers Transfers to
Recyclingฎ Recoveryฎ Treatment toPOTWs Disposal
Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds
682,955 125 7,261 0 1
703 0 176 0 57,180
376,888 0 173 0 0
NA NA 0 0 0
26,672,787 7,480,083 3,173,825 15,184,377 1,759,346
24,454,858 8,179,999 3,089,349 18,984,275 1,589,591
25,508,794 10,367,556 3,306,623 20,844,943 1,713,457
NA NA 6,305,317 37,856,487 7,372,234
67,336,896 641,015 1,019,232 561,882 973,457
74,140,314 875,638 1,103,032 481,130 1,172,266
68,987,800 818,631 1,664,353 367,577 881,461
NA NA 4,720,822 978,070 2,519,403
31,489,347 15,208,982 6,438,359 1,844,000 2,550,816
36,371,803 9,950,309 2,421,060 1,911,753 2,401,427
25,575,858 7,612,344 2,435,276 1,805,621 2,959,009
NA NA 11,368,908 3,536,369 8,503,842
53,115,595 22,598,527 9,925,256 6,669,781 9,834,835
41,842,282 7,610,872 10,336,444 10,943,349 10,218,690
35,514,864 9,433,844 7,969,386 7,616,322 9,590,275
NA NA 10,231,937 21,309,533 16,800,608
65,584 4,029 18,013 283 35,996
70,017 138 5,162 28,162 66,981
65,155 4,297 1,068 173,117 2,514
NA NA 127,102 10,350 1,481
3,248,969,990 486,303,735 325,662,309 314,167,969 321,552,281
2,933,685,469 472,252,568 393,260,049 436,399,701 261,242,552
2,288,542,499 443,312,792 351,711,653 393,878,122 261,687,384
NA NA 492,576,600 581,979,953 491,867,067
Other
Off-site
Transfersฉ
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
16,074
45,941
69,161
750
16,173
4,311
264,952
250
21,812
3,684
1,000
99,752
494,897
662,503
665,235
0
0
0
0
1,820,373
17,931,132
10,672,939
48,299,434
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
690,342
58,059
377,061
NA
54,270,418
56,314,146
61,787,314
NA
70,533,232
77,788,553
72,724,133
NA
57,531,754
53,078,164
40,391,792
NA
102,243,746
81,446,534
70,787,194
NA
123,905
170,460
246,151
NA
4,698,476,657
4,514,771,471
3,749,805,389
NA
(j) Does not include data for aluminum oxide, delisted chemicals, or chemicals added in 1990 and 1991.
ฎ NA: Transfers for recycling or energy recovery were not required to be reported for 1988.
ฎ For 1991, 1992, and 1993, transfers reported with no waste management code or invalid codes.
For 1988, transfers reported with no waste management codes, invalid codes, or codes not required to be reported in 1988.
ฎ Because transfers for recycling or energy recovery were not required to be reported in 1988, total transfers in 1988 are
not comparable to total transfers reported for 1991, 1992, or 1993.
183
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
U a* M 91 12 93
Table 3-6. Change in Total TRI Releases by Industry, 1992-1993.
SIC
Code
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Industry
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay/Glass
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transportation Equip.
Measure./Photo.
Miscellaneous
Multiple Codes 20-39ฎ
No Codes 20-39ฉ
Total
Total
1992
Pounds
39,229,720
3,580,372
21,856,445
1,596,092
32,249,705
56,694,897
234,080,908
41,095,746
1,551,640,545
84,785,649
139,400,177
10,723,115
26,114,661
348,676,475
103,794,561
34,500,972
55,276,969
138,338,165
35,775,718
19,039,525
221,183,899
15,450,247
3,215,084,563
Releases
1993
Pounds
38,168,921
2,748,404
20,449,367
1,130,955
30,521,929
58,132,934
216,129,167
36,539,499
1,315,987,702
74,801,907
126,876,969
8,354,197
26,679,480
328,773,064
91,357,679
27,663,009
42,039,413
135,835,058
28,219,843
17,317,916
160,354,566
20,536,434
2,808,618,413
1992-1993
Pounds
-1,060,799
-831,968
-1,407,078
-465,137
-1,727,776
1,438,037
-17,951,741
-4,556,247
-235,652,843
-9,983,742
-12,523,208
-2,368,918
564,819
-19,903,411
-12,436,882
-6,837,963
-13,237,556
-2,503,107
-7,555,875
-1,721,609
-60,829,333
5,086,187
-406,466,150
Change
Percent
-2.7
-23.2
-6.4
-29.1
-5.4
2.5
-7.7
-11.1
-15.2
-11.8
-9.0
-22.1
2.2
-5.7
-12.0
-19.8
-23.9
-1.8
-21.1
-9.0
-27.5
32.9
-12.6
reductions between 1988 and 1993. Table 3-7
presents the 1988 through 1993 changes in total
TRI releases by industry group.
The largest decreases in percentage terms
between 1988 and 1993 were reported by the
electrical (68.5%), machinery (55.2%), and
measurement/photography (53.4%) industries,
as well as by facilities reporting "multiple
codes" (68.3%). The chemical industry has
reduced its releases by 43.8% since 1988, the
eighth largest decrease in percentage terms and
slightly larger than the 42.7% decrease across
all industry groups. The primary metals
industry, which accounted for the second largest
quantity of TRI releases in 1993, has reported
decreases of 41.9% since 1988, just slightly
below the average. In contrast, the paper
industry, which accounted for the third largest
quantity of TRI releases in 1993, has reduced its
releases just 21.8% since 1988, about one-half
the average decrease.
Table 3-8 presents the complete release and
transfer data by industry group for 1988 through
1993.
Facilities with Greatest
Changes in Releases
This section examines the facilities which
account for the greatest increases and decreases
in air/water/land releases and in underground
injection between 1992 and 1993. Facilities that
reported voluntarily or reported for one year but
not the other are not included in this section.
EPA has contacted a number of the top facilities
Facilities/forms that reported more than one 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 [e.g. paper (26) and chemicals (28)].
Facilities/forms that did not report an SIC code and facilities that reported SIC codes outside the 20-to-39 range.
184
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-7. Change in Total TRI Releases by Industry, 1988-1993.ฎ
to ปi 12 ป
SIC
Code Industry
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay/Glass
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transportation Equip.
Measure./Photo.
Miscellaneous
Multiple Codes 20-39ฎ
No Codes 20-39ฎ
Total
1988
Pounds
28,388,015
1,831,154
38,211,225
1,063,597
32,963,505
66,821,609
276,494,119
61,068,237
2,328,304,381
97,993,428
170,873,579
15,910,105
39,345,270
565,542,199
137,402,771
61,305,787
125,548,496
217,026,125
57,111,563
31,594,708
503,154,877
16,284,760
4,874,239,510
Total
1991
Pounds
39,807,293
2,289,357
25,160,107
1,435,379
32,639,786
56,562,767
246,409,297
47,209,703
1,546,901,850
79,925,710
151,475,746
10,209,512
29,759,936
424,702,875
111,562,843
39,251,073
67,653,932
150,811,322
39,747,221
20,817,094
242,143,432
27,052,511
3,393,528,746
Releases
1992
Pounds
38,709,615
1,991,033
21,856,350
1,596,092
31,001,301
56,694,289
234,080,658
41,082,746
1,542,986,763
84,247,566
135,635,037
10,708,815
26,081,006
348,594,310
103,029,674
34,066,734
53,232,050
137,237,591
33,308,345
18,851,450
220,280,870
15,142,013
3,190,414,308
1993
Pounds
37,970,884
2,360,735
20,449,367
1,130,955
29,456,887
58,131,946
216,117,607
36,539,499
1,308,430,304
74,540,751
125,144,894
8,354,197
26,673,191
328,614,659
91,144,157
27,480,417
39,572,305
135,495,312
26,587,266
17,215,678
159,637,313
20,370,402
2,791,418,726
1 QOO -I DA
iyoo-iyv
Pounds
9,582,869
529,581
-17,761,858
67,358
-3,506,618
-8,689,663
-60,376,512
-24,528,738
-1,019,874,077
-23,452,677
-45,728,685
-7,555,908
-12,672,079
-236,927,540
-46,258,614
-33,825,370
-85,976,191
-81,530,813
-30,524,297
-14,379,030
-343,517,564
4,085,642
-2,082,820,784
3 Change
Percent
33.8
28.9
-46.5
6.3
-10.6
-13.0
-21.8
-40.2
-43.8
-23.9
-26.8
-47.5
-32.2
-41.9
-33.7
-55.2
-68.5
-37.6
-53.4
-45.5
-68.3
25.1
-42.7
in each category to better understand the source
of the increases and decreases. Information
provided by the top facilities in each category is
presented below. Box 3-2 provides a general
discussion of reasons that facility release and
transfer estimates may change from one year to
another.
1993 TRI Top Decrease
in Air/Water/Land Releases
Table 3-9 lists the 50 TRI facilities with the
greatest reported decreases in combined releases
to air, water, and land from 1992 to 1993,
ranked by the magnitude of their decrease.
Together, these 50 facilities accounted for
reported reductions totaling 193.9 million
pounds.
Magma Copper Company; San Manuel, AZ:
Reported releases to land decreased for copper
from 11.6 million to 39 thousand pounds, for
zinc compounds from 7.2 million to 120
thousand pounds, for lead from 1.7 million to
450 thousand pounds, and for arsenic from 1.8
million to 300 thousand pounds. These releases
come from the copper smelting and refining
process. Magma Copper was identified as a top
increaser in the 1991 Toxics Release Inventory
Public Data Release with the reported increases
partly attributed to changes in estimating
methods. In 1993, based on further analysis of
de minimis levels, mass balance data, and
amounts of material recycled, Magma Copper
release estimates were significantly reduced. In
Does not include data for aluminum oxide, delisted chemicals, or chemicals a-Jded in 1990 and 1991.
Facilities/forms that reported more than one 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 [e.g. paper (26) and chemicals (28)].
Facilities/forms that did not report an SIC code and facilities that reported SIC codes outside the 20-to-39 range.
185
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-8. TRI Releases and Transfers by Industry, 1988,1991 -1993.ฎ
SIC
Code Industry
20 Food
21 Tobacco
22 Textiles
23 Apparel
24 Lumber
25 Furniture
26 Paper
27 Printing
28 Chemicals
29 Petroleum
30 Plastics
3 1 Leather
32 Stone/Clay/Glass
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Facilitiesฎ
Number
2,068
2,050
2,084
1,687
17
19
21
21
465
479
462
432
42
49
43
34
692
698
712
690
557
570
577
510
569
590
632
639
317
392
420
376
4,138
4,217
4,306
4,093
404
426
431
386
1,843
1,876
1,859
1,529
149
160
161
157
632
644
678
615
Total
Air
Emissions
Pounds
27,230,861
28,407,392
28,169,580
18,350,981
2,341,739
1,969,769
2,274,774
1,817,354
20,139,895
21,503,957
24,831,709
37,056,158
1,129,346
1,595,030
1,420,487
1,022,498
29,346,964
30,816,188
32,446,699
32,677,297
57,854,861
56,284,750
56,299,106
66,743,622
192,979,352
199,231,598
211,962,444
227,824,973
36,529,750
41,072,391
47,186,310
60,954,580
469,028,226
562,756,102
609,774,351
861,060,071
57,153,165
62,603,204
61,394,406
71,195,934
124,390,874
134,660,814
150,381,309
170,067,396
7,518,426
10,386,683
10,007,468
14,876,135
18,010,868
18,421,061
19,774,787
27,484,908
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
1,353,806
1,994,038
2,536,865
3,602,196
18,996
21,259
14,583
13,050
262,370
262,440
261,005
1,004,717
965
1,057
182
250
97,985
83,966
111,629
230,978
621
332
625
3,051
18,071,971
29,287,385
29,629,079
38,123,294
592
678
406
32,091
234,091,752
225,895.632
190,169,880
232,068,558
3,319,276
3,433,172
3,285,683
3,634,275
360,242
487,404
583,698
630,380
61,813
272,210
118,645
680,755
190,394
79,903
155,490
1,178,292
Underground
Injection
Pounds
68,405
228,402
209,844
1,018,719
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
11
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
3,507
0
0
0
645
1
40,000
533,185,412
684,519,410
654,984,897
1,099.308,698
13,297,835
13,072,139
14,261,706
20,486,919
5
255
15,795
2,754
0
0
0
0
6,566,124
6,077,194
7,464,305
6,580,250
Releases
to Land
Pounds
9,317,812
8,079,783
8,891,004
5,416,119
0
5
0
750
47,102
89.953
67,393
150,350
644
5
14,710
40,849
11,938
101,136
81,458
55,230
276,464
409,207
263,036
74,936
5,066,282
5,558,168
4,817,774
10,545,852
9,157
9,032
22,986
41,566
72,124,914
69,815,619
91,972,722
135,867,054
770,475
5,139,051
983,915
2,676,300
393,773
486,564
494,944
173,049
773,958
49,922
83,399
353,215
1,905,805
1,502,848
2,365,354
4,101,820
Total
Releases
Pounds
37,970,884
38,709,615
39,807,293
28,388,015
2,360,735
1,991,033
2,289,357
1,831,154
20,449,367
21,856,350
25,160,107
38,211,225
1,130,955
1,596,092
1,435,379
1,063,597
29,456,887
31,001,301
32,639,786
32,963,505
58,131,946
56,694,289
56,562,767
66,821,609
216,117,607
234,080,658
246,409,297
276,494,119
36,539,499
41,082,746
47,209,703
61,068,237
1,308,430,304
1,542,986,763
1,546,901,850
2,328,304,381
74,540,751
84,247,566
79,925,710
97,993,428
125,144,894
135,635,037
151,475,746
170,873,579
8,354,197
10,708,815
10,209,512
15,910,105
26,673,191
26,081,006
29,759,936
39,345,270
186
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-8.
SIC
Code
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
Industry
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay/Glass
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
Transfers to Energy
to Recyclingฎ Recoveryฎ
Pounds Pounds
1,210,750
1,376,075
1,159,588
NA
139,622
1,914
1,932
NA
1,200,913
1,354,579
1,208,693
NA
133,913
287,836
3,013
NA
895,175
1,050,146
1,303,493
NA
5,987,798
3,628,268
3,596,061
NA
1,953,942
1,504,253
2,929,176
NA
5,363,834
5,672,369
5,235,017
NA
426,502,605
454,703,563
418,622,730
NA
755,559,355
634,757,147
450,878,794
NA
17,106,322
17,602,026
14,681,304
NA
273,156
928,559
1,018,279
NA
3,422,985
3,718,885
4,423,081
NA
148,973
82,506
126,600
NA
3,800
7,116
7,681
NA
1,543,629
1,316,811
2,372,567
NA
429,623
404,653
58,278
NA
2,419,414
2,440,269
2,921,677
NA
6,915,293
6,707,765
5,960,677
NA
8,154,047
7,163,480
6,641,849
NA
3,943,469
4,785,969
4,355,618
NA
354,415,975
350,175,612
323,952,626
NA
1,132,435
2,262,965
1,618,460
NA
11,163,836
11,088,396
10,418,567
NA
358,513
890,195
1,134,727
NA
8,680,155
3,434,743
4,724,425
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
2,228,504
2,091,723
3,589,460
846,173
1,108
3,161
0
121,958
617,266
721,016
873,115
2,049,724
150,586
77,431
198,598
68,940
571,781
554,991
523,691
2,507,824
1,319,711
1,646,671
1,978,847
4,134,132
8,381,596
10,291,475
6,943,603
14,944,047
360,698
810,019
1,763,414
4,577,310
156,185,344
167,254,238
187,144,272
224,564,818
755,086
697,280
623,758
2,949,850
4,616,356
5,348,687
4,955,557
11,258,546
77,640
115,417
627,853
1,238,373
3,256,798
3,276,739
6,326,522
2,835,719
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
37,450,297
39,855,073
42,044,603
38,365,135
53,515
8,814
9,744
791,940
6,538,506
8,557,602
7,043,645
14,623,226
65,497
97,192
105,139
471,546
90,124
89,242
131,331
213,016
107,353
130,425
161,074
460,231
38,149,414
46,677,833
44,608,015
55,494,309
344,669
310,570
335,725
3,512,991
171,691,034
260,011,308
219,026,407
335,102,481
4,990,242
5,334,883
7,357,446
10,935,162
3,708,355
4,247,007
5,076,235
4,830,498
6,243,363
6,530,287
5,667,658
10,025,028
670,889
2,044,296
1,666,997
1,346,738
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
10,605,629
1,679,655
1,391,265
2,104,875
6,320
17,774
20,295
191,024
969,247
546,763
1,913,455
1,653,534
56,967
47,112
58,271
103,568
663,837
458,280
656,802
1,959,855
384,205
3,556,828
805,799
1,095,214
2,734,955
3,597,465
4,024,384
6,292,582
189,079
166,844
266,516
506,324
40,407,742
46,815,573
51,201,934
115,647,078
2,885,515
2,567,879
2,967,067
4,794,436
10,174,823
9,636,768
9,037,029
12,481,493
2,790,830
1,804,053
1,456,937
1.198,522
8,706,745
6,749,091
6,427,312
17,158,912
Other
Off-site
Transfersฉ
Pounds
2,255
551
210,633
182,603
0
0
0
0
0
467,721
12,255
109,478
0
0
11,635
5,351
4,300
10,399
18,169
397,450
5,458
4,405
97,292
1,215,512
0
1,044
83,361
133,384
3,189
48,542
9,517
402,387
105,443
1,645,652
3,209,406
18,087,167
0
897
56,387
906,249
30,892
195,924
73,282
788,871
0
41,766
87,043
6,912
3,079
691,446
20,966
87,198
Total
Transfersฉ
Pounds
51,646,408
45,085,583
48,522,149
NA
204,365
38,779
39,652
NA
10,869,561
12,964,492
13,423,730
NA
836,586
914,224
434,934
NA
4,644,631
4,603,327
5,555,163
NA
14,719,818
15,674,362
12,599,750
NA
59,373,954
69,235,550
65,230,388
NA
10,204,938
11,794,313
11,965,807
NA
1,149,308,143
1,280,605,946
1,203,157,375
NA
765,322,633
645,621,051
463,501,912
NA
46,800,584
48,118,808
44,241,974
NA
9,743,502
10,310,277
9.992,497
NA
24,740.651
19,915,200
23,589,303
NA
187
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
M M M 91 M ป3
Table 3-8. TRI Releases and Transfers by Industry, 1988,1991-1993 (Continued).ฉ
SIC
Code Industry
33 Primary Metals
34 Fabr. Metals
35 Machinery
36 Electrical
37 Transport. Equip.
38 Measure./Photo.
39 Miscellaneous
Multiple codes 20-39ฉ
No codes 20-39ฉ
Total
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Facilitiesฉ
Number
1,896
1,934
1,961
1,677
3,131
3,218
3,308
3,064
,061
,127
,145
,072
,436
,588
,699
,777
,272
,273
,314
1,196
368
420
448
382
389
385
416
428
1,604
1,673
1,624
1,490
177
205
220
283
23,227
23,993
24,521
22,538
Total
Air
Emissions
Pounds
136,633,399
136,564,990
154,573,690
240,622,100
90,380,667
101,947,697
110,110,552
131,296,827
27,168,334
33,778,125
39,050,208
60,713,968
38,708,435
52,422,656
65,928,666
123,374,730
133,838,866
135,340,763
148,768,253
214,118,799
25,694,910
32,471,580
38.970,353
56,048,191
17,206,661
18,846,053
20,760,606
31,278,951
130,377,372
156,333,555
174,810,582
244,974,524
11,695,777
10,887,978
13,431,774
13,437,368
1,655,358,748
1,848,302,336
2,022,328,114
2,706,997,365
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
6,819,434
6,487,874
8,495,624
17,681,939
101,928
178,930
107,079
1,516,905
238,906
57,106
51,289
375,432
308,526
236,328
258,243
686,663
130,460
142,891
140,299
369,958
846,881
816,224
735,088
688,569
1,543
1,446
5,358
54,024
4,499,797
5,967,352
8,243,808
8,718,522
314,007
403,744
396,950
293,903
271,092,265
276,111,371
245,301,508
311,587,802
Underground
Injection
Pounds
18,652,430
14,349,889
13,536,541
41,632,936
1,490
3,691
574
386,120
0
250
35
0
19,233
1,077
2,224
43,720
505
1,250
1,250
81,855
0
0
0
250
0
250
0
1
237,228
7,319,095
9,607,187
172,774,638
3,965,480
244,038
9,100,750
812
575,994,149
725,821,103
709,185,109
1,342,357,672
Releases
to Land
Pounds
166,509,396
191,191,557
248,097,020
265,605,224
660,072
899,356
1,344,638
4,202,919
73,177
231,253
149,541
216,387
536,111
571,989
1,464,799
1,443,383
1,525,481
1,752,687
1,901,520
2,455,513
45,475
20,541
41,780
374,553
7,474
3,701
51,130
261,732
24,522,916
50,660,868
49,481,855
76,687,193
4,395,138
3,606,253
4,123,037
2,552,677
288,973,564
340,179,498
416,714,015
513,296,671
Total
Releases
Pounds
328,614,659
348,594,310
424,702,875
565,542,199
91,144,157
103,029,674
111,562,843
137,402,771
27,480,417
34,066,734
39,251,073
61,305,787
39,572,305
53,232,050
67,653,932
125,548,496
135,495,312
137,237,591
150,811,322
217,026,125
26,587,266
33,308,345
39,747,221
57,111,563
17,215,678
18,851,450
20,817,094
31,594,708
159,637,313
220,280,870
242,143,432
503,154,877
20,370,402
15,142,013
27,052,511
16,284,760
2,791,418,726
3,190,414,308
3,393,528,746
4,874,239,510
188
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
1 19 M 91 92 93
Table 3-8, Conf.
SIC
Code Industry
33 Primary Metals
34 Fabr. Metals
35 Machinery
36 Electrical
37 Transport. Equip.
38 MeasureYPhoto.
39 Miscellaneous
Multiple codes 20-39ฉ
No codes 20-39ฉ
Total
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
Transfers to Energy
to Recyclingฎ Recoveryฎ
Pounds Pounds
899,179,430
768,218,260
616,847,569
NA
244,278,696
223,683,460
213,214,641
NA
48,044,865
44,777,807
37,203,298
NA
300,323,984
302,010,177
244,733,100
NA
146,191,998
146,385,085
115,417,634
NA
15,830,685
17,178,446
18,078,456
NA
20,996,818
9,480,534
10,361,021
NA
350,551,924
289,906,370
120,779,767
NA
3,821,220
5,459,710
6,845,852
NA
3,248,969,990
2,933,685,469
2,288,542,499
NA
11,977,764
8,292,570
7,737,919
NA
13,812,271
12,790,642
12,331,653
NA
3,211,853
3,449,051
3,062,918
NA
11,294,478
12,231,223
11,369,453
NA
20,386,364
20,973,718
22,651,023
NA
4,386,610
4,985,784
3,908,857
NA
3,278,073
1,966,929
2,588,171
NA
17,988,368
16,146,521
14,633,713
NA
658,792
655,650
735,333
NA
486,303,735
472,252,568
443,312,792
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
51,287,066
120,918,862
53,171,338
69,227,732
18,561,504
20,025,966
20,318,113
34,313,199
2,430,342
2,302,868
3,322,072
9,634,638
14,242,448
14,364,870
17,644,389
21,173,120
9,545,014
10,234,803
13,088,056
31,067,216
3,299,092
4,292,502
4,620,564
7,813,020
1,050,015
1,299,947
1,340,092
6,840,171
46,454,866
25,010,514
21,062,571
36,809,895
269,488
1,920,869
1,595,768
3,600,195
325,662,309
393,260,049
351,711,653
492,576,600
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
11,767,672
22,487,764
21,627,555
22,922,553
3,809,715
5,005,878
4,894,518
17,149,495
1,631,821
2,139,855
2,376,692
2,705,204
7,238,450
7,282,948
7,021,166
18,262,423
3,651,386
3,820,213
6,100,605
7,424,202
1,026,698
1,172,843
1,521,551
3,732,729
665,657
495,804
789,300
462,839
13,737,315
17,494,227
15,274,555
31,023,892
535,997
2,605,637
1,038,161
2,124,315
314,167,969
436,399,701
393,878,122
581,979,953
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
154,618,602
96,532,963
85,653,219
186,491,508
19,736,496
23,162,079
22,207,171
43,529,628
3,186,994
3,697,731
4,641,435
10,098,741
9,754,446
11,086,026
14,861,218
19,865,769
11,262,178
11,204,149
12,341,856
20,924,301
1,067,728
1,054,689
1,142,640
11,499,586
3,265,449
1,855,922
1,889,065
2,268,341
37,933,506
34,341,523
34,387,115
31,057,254
150,988
663,385
4,336,599
944,522
321,552,281
261,242,552
261,687,384
491,867,067
Other
Off-site
Transfersฉ
Pounds
394,486
7,686,759
2,380,149
9,095,471
369,491
2,358,912
1,631,061
8,303,148
34,750
215,330
375,637
987,598
7,212
1,494,111
942,758
1,658,705
685,491
191,679
285,508
3,799,908
0
21,065
23,591
247,898
755
124,820
205,554
382,012
173,273
2,457,311
688,401
1,462,037
299
272,798
250,334
40,095
1,820,373
17,931,132
10,672,939
48,299,434
Total
Transfersฉ
Pounds
1,129,225,020
1,024,137,178
787,417,749
NA
300,568,173
287,026,937
274,597,157
NA
58,540,625
56,582,642
50,982,052
NA
342,861,018
348,469,355
296,572,084
NA
191,722,431
192,809,647
169,884,682
NA
25,610,813
28,705,329
29,295,659
NA
29,256,767
15,223,956
17,173,203
NA
466,839,252
385,356,466
206,826,122
NA
5,436,784
11,578,049
14,802,047
NA
4,698,476,657
4,514,771,471
3,749,805,389
NA
ฉ
Does not include data for aluminum oxide, delisted chemicals, or chemicals added in 1990 and 1991 .
Facilities have been assigned to the "multiple codes" category according to all the SIC codes they reported. Forms and amounts
in pounds have been assigned to single-category SIC codes if only one SIC code was reported for an individual chemical form
from the facility.
NA: Transfers for recycling or energy recovery were not required to be reported for 1988.
For 1991, 1992, and 1993, transfers reported with no waste management code or invalid codes. For 1988, transfers reported with
no waste management codes, invalid codes, or codes not required to be reported in 1988.
Because transfers for recycling or energy recovery were not required to be reported in 1988, total transfers in 1988 are
not comparable to total transfers reported for 1991, 1992, or 1993.
Facilities/forms that reported more than one 2-digit SIC code within the range of 20 to 39 [e.g., paper (26) and chemicals (28)].
Facilities/forms that did not report an SIC code or reported only SIC codes outside the 20-to-39 range.
189
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Reasons Facility Release and Transfer Estimates Change
Some reported increases and decreases are realthat is, they reflect changes in the amounts of TRI
chemicals actually released or transferred. Other reported increases and decreases are accounting or "paper"
changes that do not reflect any actual change in releases and transfers. Some examples follow.
Real Changes
Source reduction activities, such as process changes, elimination of spills and leaks, inventory control,
improved maintenance, chemical substitution, and alternative methods of cleaning and degreasing can cause real
reductions in TRI releases and transfers.
Installation of pollution control equipment may lead to real reductions in TRI releases/transfers. However,
if the pollution control does not destroy the reported chemical, it may merely shift waste from one type of
release or disposal to another.
Increased recycling and reuse of waste or sale of waste as raw materials or products will result in real
decreases in TRI releases and/or transfers for treatment and disposal.
Production changes can cause real changes in the quantities of TRI chemicals released or transferred by
facilities. Releases/transfers are likely to increase when production increases and decrease when production
decreases, although the relationship is not necessarily linear.
One-time events unrelated to normal production processes, such as accidental releases or clean-up
operations, can cause a real but anomalous increase in the reporting year in which they occur and then a
decrease from that abnormally high level the following year.
"Paper" Changes
Changes in estimation or calculation techniques can cause a change in the amount reported without a
corresponding change in actual releases or transfers.
Clarifications of reporting instructions or changes in the way a facility interprets those instructions may
cause a change in reported amounts without an actual change in releases or transfers. For example, revised
guidance concerning the de minimis exemption and beneficiation activities which was issued by EPA for 1991
may have resulted in lower reported releases for some facilities.
Similarly, a facility's reported releases may go down without an actual reduction in releases if the facility
begins to take advantage of a reporting exemption or optional reporting method for the first time. One large
source of this type of paper change is the optional reporting method for ammonium sulfate (solution), which is
discussed in detail in Box 3-1.
Apparent increases or decreases can occur if a facility makes a reporting error one year and does not
submit a revision for that year, but does not repeat the error the following year.
Box 3-2. Reasons Facility Release and Transfer Estimates Change.
190
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
addition, all of the slag from the smelting
process was recycled off-site, which represents a
real reduction in releases to land.
Inland Steel Company; East Chicago, IN:
Reported releases to land decreased for
manganese compounds from 26.8 million to 7.5
million pounds and for chromium compounds
from 1 million to 244 thousand pounds. These
metal compounds were found in waste slag and
dust sent to an on-site landfill. Inland Steel has
been reducing the amount of slag sent to landfill
each year and is no longer discharging any of
this waste material to land. Some of the slag is
recycled to recover metal compounds, but the
majority of slag is sold as product.
Arcadian Fertilizer L.P.; Geismar, LA:
Reported releases to water decreased for
phosphoric acid from 22 million to 12 million
pounds and for sulfuric acid from 13 million to
6.9 million pounds. A large source of
Arcadian's acid waste is rainfall run-off from
large piles of gypsum contaminated with
phosphoric and sulfuric acid. The run-off is
stored in a pond and released to the Mississippi
River. More favorable rainfall in 1993
produced less run-off. Arcadian is now
recycling some of the pond water as process
water, reducing the amount released to the river.
The facility is also covering the gypsum piles
with grass to reduce run-off.
Mobil Mining and Minerals Co.; Pasadena,
TX: Reported releases to water decreased for
phosphoric acid from 12 million to zero pounds,
for sulfuric acid from 1.2 million to zero
pounds, and for ammonia from 770 thousand to
140 thousand pounds. In 1992, abnormally high
releases of wastewater were reported because of
a major spill requiring remediation as well as
discharge to surface waters from a
phosphogypsum pond. The decrease in 1993
represented a return to normal levels with no
pond discharges.
Asarco Inc.; Hayden, AZ: Reported releases of
zinc, copper, and lead compounds to land
decreased from 11.6 million pounds to zero
pounds. These compounds are contained in the
smelter slag which is stored on site. Recycling
of older slag from on-site stockpiles containing
higher metal content began in early 1992. Slag
produced from current operations with lower
concentrations of metals is returned to the
stockpile. As a result, the amount of these
compounds in the stockpile is decreasing;
therefore, no releases to land were reported for
1993.
DuPont; Leland, NC: Reported releases to air
of methanol decreased from 11.4 million pounds
to 1.2 million pounds. The decrease was
attributed to the conversion of DuPont's
continuous polymerization line for the
manufacture of Dacron to a process which
essentially eliminates the use of methanol.
IMC Fertilizer Inc.; Mulberry, FL: Reported
releases of phosphoric acid to land decreased
from 12.7 million to 6.8 million pounds. Land
releases of phosphoric acid increased in 1992
during the construction of a slurry wall around
an unlined pond containing process cooling
water from the manufacture of phosphate
fertilizer. Completion of this project eliminated
lateral seepage from this pond, leaving only
vertical seepage.
Mississippi Chemical Corp.; Yazoo City, MS:
Reported air releases of ammonia decreased
from 10.4 million to 4.6 million pounds.
Ammonia is released during the production of
ammonium nitrate. The decrease was due to the
addition of an ammonia vapor recovery system,
a $5 million environmental improvement
project.
Amoco Oil Company; Texas City, TX:
Reported releases to land decreased from 4.2
million to 118 thousand pounds for naphthalene,
191
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-9. Top 50 TRI Facilities with the Largest Decrease in Air, Water, and Land Releases, 1992-1993.
Facility
Magma Copper Co.
Inland Steel Co.
Arcadian Fertilizer L.P.
Mobil Mining & Minerals Co.
Asarco Inc.
DuPont
IMC Fertilizer Inc.
Mississippi Chemical Corp.
Amoco Oil Co.
Simpson Paper Co.
Unocal Petroleum Products
Arcadian Fertilizer L.P.
Louisiana-Pacific Corp.
Asarco Inc.
Eastman Chemical Co.
Texasgulf Inc.
DuPont
BP Chemicals Inc.
American Synthetic Rubber
3MCo.
Westvaco Corp.
Ketchikan Pulp Co.
IMC-Agrico Co.
DuPont
Eastman Kodak Co.
Terra International Inc.
Boeing Co.
Eli Lilly & Co.
AK Steel Corp.
Holliston Mills Inc.
Occidental Chemical Corp.
Garden State Tanning
Eli Lilly & Co.
Cabot Corp.
Bowater Inc.
Zinc Corp. of America
Champion International Corp.
Monsanto Co.
Federal Paper Board Co. Inc.
General Motors Corp.
Dow Chemical Co.
Georgia-Pacific Corp.
R. R. Donnelley & Sons Co.
Cape Industries
Oilman Paper Co.
DuPont
Procter & Gamble Mfg. Co.
Bethlehem Steel Corp.
3MCo.
3MCo.
Total
City
San Manuel
East Chicago
Geismar
Pasadena
Hayden
Leland
Mulberry
Yazoo City
Texas City
Eureka
Kenai
Millington
Samoa
Annapolis
Kingsport
Aurora
State
AZ
IN
LA
TX
AZ
NC
FL
MS
TX
CA
AK
TN
CA
MO
TN
NC
New Johnsonville TN
Lima
Louisville
Hutchinson
Covington
Ketchikan
Mulberry
Memphis
Rochester
Woodward
Wichita
Clinton
Middletown
Church Hill
Castle Hayne
Fleetwood
Shadeland
Tuscola
Catawba
Monaca
Canton
Muscatine
Riegelwood
Saginaw
Freeport
Brunswick
Chicago
Wilmington
Saint Marys
Beaumont
Kansas City
Burns Harbor
Saint Paul
Brookings
OH
KY
MN
VA
AK
FL
TN
NY
OK
KS
IN
OH
TN
NC
PA
IN
IL
SC
PA
NC
IA
NC
MI
TX
GA
IL
NC
GA
TX
KS
IN
MN
SD
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
-3,419
12,960
-103,440
-167,040
-44,199
-208,071
-146,740
9,924
-14,711
-1,250
-251,452
5,955
-16,806
-35
6,045,280
-3,100
-42,600
-286,930
568
464,553
-1,077
-64,110
-92,300
-31,663
-407,333
6,000
-1,382,509
362,995
-33,240
-8,672
-166
-126,917
-454,852
0
-198,400
-80,437
-647,104
-27,099
60
43,689
-563,286
-115,170
-1,242,012
67,345
-94,840
253,221
-7,000
-424,205
-9,664
-80
-29,379
Net Change
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
-4,299
-180,667
33,000
-122,700
44,718
-10,414,381
-90,900
-5,780,574
10,261
-800,700
-3,599,469
-3,580,807
-164,531
-63
-9,016,287
328,600
-2,777,300
-2,364,995
-2,620,041
-3,053,150
-2,067,952
-304,346
-9,600
-1,811,027
-1,422,826
-1,800,695
-382,872
-2,152,893
-305,290
-1,710,982
-6,146
-1,514,166
-1,142,682
-1,520,326
-272,442
13,060
-828,101
-1,291,175
-1,414,669
-117,823
-882,964
-1,136,314
-58,979
-1,285,342
-1,110,930
-1,431,800
-1,185,539
-242,000
-1,072,330
-1,074,876
-73,698,312
from 1992 to 1993
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
0
-256,599
-16,685,100
-13,830,810
0
-4,404
0
82,215
-68,656
-3,431,430
23,619
-226,528
-3,611,900
52
-68,126
-46,900
0
-62,860
0
0
0
-1,656,673
0
-17,307
3,728
-11,000
-13,470
20,490
-66,811
-1,194
37
0
-26,092
0
-2,895
-941
34,980
-119,167
1,578
0
206,982
-56,140
0
-19,456
-16,694
-15,860
0
-12,100
0
0
-39,955,432
Releases
to Land
Pounds
-21,285,300
-20,140,532
-59,660
-18,552
-12,266,661
-15,787
-5,932,250
0
-4,527,296
0
-228
0
0
-3,538,424
-118,057
-3,233,450
0
0
0
0
0
0
-1,790,000
0
-1,488
0
0
11,070
-1,325,730
0
-1,699,858
0
0
0
-1,044,785
-1,438,000
0
0
0
-1,292,070
-94,279
-6,764
0
-10,677
0
-86
0
-436,050
0
0
-80,264,914
192
-------
Chapter 3 year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
BS att M ป1 91 93
Table 3-9.
Facility
Magma Copper Co.
Inland Steel Co.
Arcadian Fertilizer L.P.
Mobil Mining & Minerals Co.
Asarco Inc.
DuPont
IMC Fertilizer Inc.
Mississippi Chemical Corp.
Amoco Oil Co.
Simpson Paper Co.
Unocal Petroleum Products
Arcadian Fertilizer L.P.
Louisiana-Pacific Corp.
Asarco Inc.
Eastman Chemical Co.
Texasgulf Inc.
DuPont
BP Chemicals Inc.
American Synthetic Rubber
3MCo.
Westvaco Corp.
Ketchikan Pulp Co.
IMC-Agrico Co.
DuPont
Eastman Kodak Co.
Terra International Inc.
Boeing Co.
Eli Lilly & Co.
AK Steel Corp.
Holliston Mills Inc.
Occidental Chemical Corp.
Garden State Tanning
Eli Lilly & Co.
Cabot Corp.
Bowater Inc.
Zinc Corp. of America
Champion International Corp.
Monsanto Co.
Federal Paper Board Co. Inc.
General Motors Corp.
Dow Chemical Co.
Georgia-Pacific Corp.
R. R. Donnelley & Sons Co.
Cape Industries
Oilman Paper Co.
DuPont
Procter & Gamble Mfg. Co.
Bethlehem Steel Corp.
3MCo.
3MCo.
Total
City
San Manuel
East Chicago
Geismar
Pasadena
Hayden
Leland
Mulberry
Yazoo City
Texas City
Eureka
Kenai
Millington
Samoa
Annapolis
Kingsport
Aurora
State
AZ
IN
LA
TX
AZ
NC
FL
MS
TX
CA
AK
TN
CA
MO
TN
NC
New Johnsonville TN
Lima
Louisville
Hutchinson
Covington
Ketchikan
Mulberry
Memphis
Rochester
Woodward
Wichita
Clinton
Middletown
Church Hill
Castle Hayne
Fleetwood
Shadeland
Tuscola
Catawba
Monaca
Canton
Muscatine
Riegelwood
Saginaw
Freeport
Brunswick
Chicago
Wilmington
Saint Marys
Beaumont
Kansas City
Bums Harbor
Saint Paul
Brookings
OH
KY
MN
VA
AK
FL
TN
NY
OK
KS
IN
OH
TN
NC
PA
IN
IL
SC
PA
NC
IA
NC
MI
TX
GA
IL
NC
GA
TX
KS
IN
MN
SD
1992
Total Air/
Water/Land
Releases
Pounds
22,562,500
31,183,557
39,488,161
14,522,576
12,985,187
14,497,953
13,770,005
11,047,030
5,631,136
4,921,370
8,911,398
7,840,546
5,768,058
10,623,772
32,496,867
14,440,660
5,035,600
2,929,165
4,620,595
5,652,839
2,479,006
3,924,242
5,454,100
2,101,705
13,852,333
2,487,315
4,482,066
4,005,448
2,400,121
4,643,763
8,411,928
1,752,923
4,044,340
4,697,406
3,948,992
2,169,358
3,794,906
1,992,506
3,373,192
5,862,392
8,150,124
2,949,443
1,378,451
3,900,398
2,246,035
2,825,678
1,359,197
2,195,325
1,694,790
1,438,906
382,945,364
1993
Total Air/
Water/Land
Releases
Pounds
1,269,482
10,618,719
22,672,961
383,474
719,045
3,855,310
7,600,115
5,358,595
1,030,734
687,990
5,083,868
4,039,166
1,974,821
7,085,302
29,339,677
11,485,810
2,215,700
214,380
2,001,122
3,064,242
409,977
1,899,113
3,562,200
241,708
12,024,414
681,620
2,703,215
2,247,110
669,050
2,922,915
6,705,795
111,840
2,420,714
3,177,080
2,430,470
663,040
2,354,681
555,065
1,960,161
4,496,188
6,816,577
1,635,055
77,460
2,652,268
1,023,571
1,631,153
166,658
1,080,970
612,796
363,950
188,997,327
1992-1993
Change in Total
Air/Water/Land
Releases
Pounds
-21,293,018
-20,564,838
-16,815,200
-14,139,102
-12,266,142
-10,642,643
-6,169,890
-5,688,435
-4,600,402
-4,233,380
-3,827,530
-3,801,380
-3,793,237
-3,538,470
-3,157,190
-2,954,850
-2,819,900
-2,714,785
-2,619,473
-2,588,597
-2,069,029
-2,025,129
-1,891,900
-1,859,997
-1,827,919
-1,805,695
-1,778,851
-1,758,338
-1,731,071
- ,720,848
- ,706,133
- ,641,083
- ,623,626
- ,520,326
- ,518,522
- ,506,318
- ,440,225
- ,437,441
- ,413,031
- ,366,204
- ,333,547
- ,314,388
- ,300,991
- ,248,130
- ,222,464
- ,194,525
- ,192,539
-1,114,355
-1,081,994
-1,074,956
-193,948,037
193
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, ethylbenzene, toluene,
xylene (mixed isomers), chromium compounds,
and zinc compounds combined. In 1992,
releases were reported from a site remediation
project which collected contaminated soil
containing these compounds from around
storage basins and storage tanks for disposal on-
site.
Simpson Paper Company; Eureka, CA:
Reported releases of methanol decreased from
4.6 million to 550 thousand pounds because of
reduced production. The paper mill operated for
only two months in 1993.
Unocal Petroleum Products; Kenai, AK:
Reported stack air releases of ammonia from the
production of urea decreased from 7.9 million to
4.4 million pounds and reported fugitive air
releases decreased from 506 thousand pounds to
255 thousand pounds. The decrease in stack
emissions was due to improvements in operation
of ammonia scrubbers installed in late 1991 and
the optimizing of start-up and operating proce-
dures to minimize the release of ammonia. The
decrease in fugitive air releases was due to a
revised estimation technique.
Arcadian Fertilizer L.P.; Millington, TN:
Reported air releases of ammonia from the
production of urea decreased from 7.3 million to
3.9 million pounds. The decrease was due to
process modifications to improve the conversion
and reduce the venting of ammonia.
Louisiana-Pacific Corp.; Samoa, CA:
Reported releases of methanol, a byproduct of
the pulping process, decreased from 5.5 million
to 1.9 million pounds due to decreased
production.
Asarco Inc.; Annapolis, MO: Reported release
of zinc (fume or dust) to land decreased from 8
million to 4 million pounds as a result of
changes in the grade of ore used in the smelting
process. About 98% of Asarco's releases to
land consists of slag generated during lead
smelting.
Eastman Chemical Co.; Kingsport, TN:
Reported total air releases of acetone decreased
from 25.4 million to 22.2 million pounds due to
improved capture and recovery of fugitive
acetone vapors. Reported stack air releases
decreased from 9.4 million to 1.2 million
pounds while reported fugitive air releases
increased from 16 million to 21 million pounds.
Acetone is a process solvent in a fiber-spinning
operation. The reported data showed a signifi-
cant decrease in stack emissions. Reported
fugitive emissions increased because of an error
in reporting; in 1992, a portion of the fugitive
emissions were reported as a stack release.
However, the total reported air releases in 1992
was not in error.
7995 TRI Top Increasers
in Air/Water/Land Releases
Table 3-10 lists the 50 TRI facilities with the
largest reported increases in air/water/land
releases from 1992 to 1993, ranked by the
magnitude of their increase. Together, these 50
facilities accounted for reported increases
totaling 116.5 million pounds.
IMC-Agrico Co.; Saint James, LA: Reported
releases to the Mississippi River of phosphoric
acid increased from 72.3 million to 113.7
million pounds, while sulfuric acid releases
decreased from 11.3 million to 8.7 million
pounds. Phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid are
manufactured for use in the production of
phosphate fertilizers. Gypsum waste from the
fertilizer production process is stored in stacks
on-site and contains residual phosphoric acid
and sulfuric acid. The increase in the release of
phosphoric acid was the result of a project to
cover inactive phosphogypsum stacks with clay,
soil, and grass and thereby reduce releases
194
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
draining from the stacks. The project,
completed in 1994, required standing water to
be pumped from the stacks and discharged to
facilitate the covering process and allow for
installation of drainage systems and liners to
evaporation ponds on top of the stacks. Water
collected in the stacks' drainage systems will be
reused in the fertilizer production process.
Future decreases in phosphoric acid and sulfuric
acid releases can be anticipated since all inactive
phosphogypsum stacks are now covered.
Magnesium Corp. of America; Rowley, UT:
Reported stack air releases of chlorine increased
from 57 million to 67 million pounds. The
chlorine is released during the manufacture of
magnesium and chlorine gas. The increase in
chlorine releases was due to breakdowns in
process control equipment (chlorine reduction
burners). Reported stack air releases of
hydrochloric acid increased from 3.7 million to
6.1 million pounds. The increase was due to an
estimate based on elevated readings from an
emission test. Further testing did not reproduce
the same elevated readings, but the higher
measured values were nevertheless used to
estimate total releases.
Coastal Chem. Inc.; Battle Mountain, NV:
Reported releases to land increased for
ammonium nitrate (solution) from 291 thousand
to 4.7 million pounds and for ammonia from
less than one thousand to 549 thousand pounds.
The plant produces inorganic chemicals
including ammonia, urea, and ammonium
nitrate. The increase in releases reflects the
transition from initial start-up in July, 1992, to
full production in 1993.
Arcadian Ohio L.P.; Lima, OH: Total releases
increased from zero to almost 3.4 million
pounds. The releases from this facility are from
part of a facility that was sold by BP Chemicals
Inc. to Arcadian Ohio L.P. in March 1993. In
1993, Arcadian Ohio L.P. reported as a separate
facility. Although ownership of the operation
was split in 1993, Arcadian Ohio L.P. reported
the releases for all of 1993.
IMC-Agrico Co.; Uncle Sam, LA: Reported
releases to the Mississippi River of sulfuric acid
increased from 5.8 million to 11.6 million
pounds while releases of phosphoric acid
decreased from 52.0 million to 49.8 million
pounds. IMC-Agrico produces phosphoric acid
and sulfuric acid at the Uncle Sam Plant,
generating gypsum waste containing residual
phosphoric and sulfuric acids. As with the
Faustina Plant in St. James, Louisiana, a project
to cover inactive gypsum storage stacks and
reduce future discharges was completed. The
necessary pumping and discharge of standing
water from the stacks to facilitate the covering
process increased the release of sulfuric acid.
The inactive gypsum stacks have now been
covered, and water collected by the drainage
system is being reused in the process. Future
decreases in sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid
releases can be anticipated.
Cyprus Miami Mining Corp.; Claypool, AZ:
Reported releases to land of copper compounds
increased from 2.8 million to 5.6 million pounds
and of lead compounds increased from 248
thousand to 488 thousand pounds due to an
increase in production. The slag from the
smelting process contains residual levels of
copper and lead compounds and is landfilled on-
site. A major modernization of the smelter has
expanded copper smelting capacity and
increased the quantity of furnace slag produced.
Phelps Dodge Mining Co.; Playas, NM:
Reported land releases of copper compounds
increased from 10.4 million to 13.7 million
pounds due to an increase in production. The
1993 estimate was based on a full 12 months of
production, compared to 10 months of
195
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Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-10. Top 50 TRI Facilities with the Largest Increase in Air, Water, and Land Releases, 1992-1993.
Facility
IMC-Agrico Co.
Magnesium Corp. of America
Coastal Chem Inc.
Arcadian Ohio L.P.
IMC-Agrico Co.
Cyprus Miami Mining Corp.
Phelps Dodge Mining Co.
Zinc Corp. of America
Chemetals Inc.
Elkem Metals Co.
Stone Container Corp.
American Chrome & Chemicals
Inland Container Corp.
Lenzing Fibers Corp.
Doe Run Co.
Asarco Inc.
Alabama River Pulp Co. Inc.
Autoalliance Intl. Inc.
Kennecott Utah Copper
Louisiana Pigment Co. L.P.
American Maize Products
Northwestern Steel & Wire Co.
Coastal Refining & Marketing
Purolator Products Inc.
Brown Printing Co.
American Woodmark Corp.
Chevron Chemical Co.
Eastern Stainless Corp.
Union Camp Corp.
Georgia-Pacific Corp.
International Paper
Ford Motor Co.
North Star Recycling
Knauf Fiber Glass
Cabot Corp.
Westinghouse Electric Corp.
Allied-Signal Laminate Sys.
Great Southern Paper
Chino Mines Co.
North Star Recycling
Harman Automotive Inc.
Granite City Steel
U.S. Vanadium Corp.
Georgia-Pacific Corp.
Burnham Foundry
General Motors Corp.
Hoechst-Celanese Chemical
Murray Ohio Mfg. Co.
Wheeling-Pittsburgh Steel Corp.
USS/Kobe Steel Co.
Total
City
Saint James
Rowley
Battle Mountain
Lima
Uncle Sam
Claypool
Playas
Bartlesville
State
LA
UT
NV
OH
LA
AZ
NM
OK
New Johnsonville TN
Marietta
Coshocton
Corpus Christi
Rome
Lowland
Herculaneum
East Helena
Claiborne
Flat Rock
Magna
Westlake
Dimmitt
Sterling
Corpus Christi
Fayetteville
Franklin
Moore field
Baytown
Baltimore
Eastover
Monticello
Domino
Wayne
Wiltonjunction
Shelbyville
Ville Platte
Hampton
Franklin
Cedar Springs
Hurley
Saint Paul
Bolivar
Granite City
Hot Springs
Palatka
Zanesville
Flint
Pasadena
Lawrenceburg
Follansbee
Lorain
OH
OH
TX
GA
TN
MO
MT
AL
MI
UT
LA
TX
IL
TX
NC
KY
WV
TX
MD
SC
MS
TX
MI
IA
IN
LA
SC
IN
GA
NM
MN
TN
IL
AR
FL
OH
MI
TX
TN
WV
OH
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
-234,802
-7,813
5
267,800
-30,638
3,800
0
-2,789
17,236
730,963
186
0
-35,495
400,000
-1,561
-5,676
30,200
81,397
-1,650
708
0
-3,150
126,985
331,249
24,302
2,161
63,482
0
31,850
-73,950
-15,635
12,309
0
-89,248
0
16,208
-179,785
-15,530
0
0
122,742
-29,460
10,000
-4,571
3,215
80,230
-39,775
57,950
54,764
-9,680
1,688,534
Net Change from
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
-1,503,991
12,400,000
272,797
3,075,800
-225,510
5,700
9,029
-11,320
-3,286
-204,023
2,052,320
-47,500
1,935,000
1,450,000
-14,341
1,852
1,572,600
1,470,219
20,100
6,068
0
-51,870
997,712
842,477
1,040,240
1,021,519
949,861
0
897,400
738,000
884,730
766,871
0
862,159
740,747
680,670
870,118
482,100
51,920
0
528,972
-209,829
177,000
627,859
-38,374
527,350
643,748
539,900
499,010
1,200
37,333,004
1992 to 1993
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
38,790,628
0
0
45,360
3,617,005
5
0
0
543
934,300
-432
1,000
-1,190
-5,750
2,285
0
1,150
-1,962
1,250
-1,717
0
-500
51,132
0
0
0
0
245
305
170,045
-6,095
0
0
0
0
-7
0
990
0
0
-39
24,459
364,000
-2,309
0
2,357
0
643
9,546
-187,300
43,809,947
Releases
to Land
Pounds
61,012
0
4,942,936
0
3,492
3,040,000
2,972,375
2,690,214
2,597,307
631,000
0
2,000,000
0
0
1,730,258
1,657,761
-4,500
0
1,474,540
1,447,111
1,404,185
1,390,000
0
0
0
0
0
1,010,739
2,795
29,000
0
0
777,500
0
0
0
0
199,951
611,787
661,900
0
865,582
95,900
4
646,784
0
0
0
0
754,995
33,694,628
196
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Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
M 1! M t1 12 13
Table 3-10.
Facility
IMC-Agrico Co.
Magnesium Corp. of America
Coastal Chem Inc.
Arcadian Ohio L.P.
IMC-Agrico Co.
Cyprus Miami Mining Corp.
Phelps Dodge Mining Co.
Zinc Corp. of America
Chemetals Inc.
Elkem Metals Co.
Stone Container Corp.
American Chrome & Chemicals
Inland Container Corp.
Lenzing Fibers Corp.
Doe Run Co.
Asarco Inc.
Alabama River Pulp Co. Inc.
Autoalliance Intl. Inc.
Kennecott Utah Copper
Louisiana Pigment Co. L.P.
American Maize Products
Northwestern Steel & Wire Co.
Coastal Refining & Marketing
Purolator Products Inc.
Brown Printing Co.
American Woodmark Corp.
Chevron Chemical Co.
Eastern Stainless Corp.
Union Camp Corp.
Georgia-Pacific Corp.
International Paper
Ford Motor Co.
North Star Recycling
Knauf Fiber Glass
Cabot Corp.
Westinghouse Electric Corp.
Allied-Signal Laminate Sys.
Great Southern Paper
Chino Mines Co.
North Star Recycling
Harman Automotive Inc.
Granite City Steel
U.S. Vanadium Corp.
Georgia-Pacific Corp.
Bumham Foundry
General Motors Corp.
Hoechst-Celanese Chemical
Murray Ohio Mfg. Co.
Wheeling-Pittsburgh Steel Corp.
USS/Kobe Steel Co.
Total
City
Saint James
Rowley
Battle Mountain
Lima
Uncle Sam
Claypool
Playas
Bartlesville
State
LA
UT
NV
OH
LA
AZ
NM
OK
New Johnsonville TN
Marietta
Coshocton
Corpus Christi
Rome
Lowland
Herculaneum
East Helena
Claiborne
Flat Rock
Magna
Westlake
Dimmitt
Sterling
Corpus Christi
Fayetteville
Franklin
Moore field
Baytown
Baltimore
Eastover
Monticello
Domino
Wayne
Wiltonj unction
Shelbyville
Ville Platte
Hampton
Franklin
Cedar Springs
Hurley
Saint Paul
Bolivar
Granite City
Hot Springs
Palatka
Zanesville
Flint
Pasadena
Lawrenceburg
Follansbee
Lorain
OH
OH
TX
GA
TN
MO
MT
AL
MI
UT
LA
TX
IL
TX
NC
KY
WV
TX
MD
SC
MS
TX
MI
IA
IN
LA
SC
IN
GA
NM
MN
TN
IL
AR
FL
OH
MI
TX
TN
WV
OH
1992
Total Air/
Water/Land
Releases
Pounds
90,800,120
60,908,063
360,930
0
58,442,831
3,174,000
11,792,355
57,536
3,073,093
16,512,332
1,984
10,159,860
1,347,500
20,428,265
6,477,687
41,074,561
834,155
1,459,462
10,223,075
13,583
1,000
12,940,090
651,853
316,349
579,339
217,983
987,579
5,520
1,332,730
1,789,715
1,476,075
954,457
0
471,114
3,676,100
4,728,850
286,000
1,855,009
7,478,832
1,293,100
1,075,725
4,505,396
1,449,750
785,731
55,331
296,603
3,143,860
827,724
1,239,099
856,945
392,419,251
1993
Total Air/
Water/Land
Releases
Pounds
127,912,967
73,300,250
5,576,668
3,388,960
61,807,180
6,223,505
14,773,759
2,733,641
5,684,893
18,604,572
2,054,058
12,113,360
3,245,815
22,272,515
8,194,328
42,728,498
2,433,605
3,009,116
11,717,315
1,465,753
1,405,185
14,274,570
1,827,682
1,490,075
1,643,881
1,241,663
2,000,922
1,016,504
2,265,080
2,652,810
2,339,075
1,733,637
777,500
1,244,025
4,416,847
5,425,721
976,333
2,522,520
8,142,539
1,955,000
1,727,400
5,156,148
2,096,650
1,406,714
666,956
906,540
3,747,833
1,426,217
1,802,419
1,416,160
508,945,364
1992-1993
Change in Total
Air/Water/Land
Releases
Pounds
37,112,847
12,392,187
5,215,738
3,388,960
3,364,349
3,049,505
2,981,404
2,676,105
2,611,800
2,092,240
2,052,074
1,953,500
1,898,315
1,844,250
1,716,641
1,653,937
1,599,450
1,549,654
1,494,240
1,452,170
1,404,185
1,334,480
1,175,829
1,173,726
1,064,542
1,023,680
1,013,343
1,010,984
932,350
863,095
863,000
779,180
777,500
772,911
740,747
696,871
690,333
667,511
663,707
661,900
651,675
650,752
646,900
620,983
611,625
609,937
603,973
598,493
563,320
559,215
116,526,113
197
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
production in 1992. The copper compounds are
contained in smelter slag from the production of
anode copper for commercial sale.
Zinc Corp. of America; Bartlesville, OK:
Reported releases of copper compounds, lead
compounds, and zinc compounds increased
from zero to 2.6 million pounds. These
compounds are contained in residual slag
produced in the smelting process. The slag
material is stockpiled on-site for potential future
use as a source of these metals. In past years,
these stockpiles were not reported as releases to
land. They have now been designated as
landfills and reported as such.
Chemetals Inc.; New Johnsonvitte, TN:
Reported release of manganese compounds to
landfill increased from 2.7 million to 5.3 million
pounds. Ores containing manganese dioxide are
processed in reduction furnaces and then
dissolved in acid. Undissolved materials
containing manganese compounds are sent to
landfill. The increased quantity to landfill
resulted from reduced recovery efficiencies as a
result of processing lower-grade manganese ores
and an increase in the quantity of ore in process.
Chemetals converts manganese ores into
purified manganese dioxide for the battery
industry.
Elkem Metals Co.; Marietta, OH: Reported
fugitive air emissions of ammonia increased
from 3.4 million to 4.0 million pounds and
reported discharges of ammonia to the Ohio
River increased from 2.9 million to 3.9 million
pounds. Process modifications increased the
use of ammonia. The facility is subject to
reporting for ammonium sulfate (solution) and
submitted reports for ammonia, reporting its
releases based on total ammonia (ionized and
un-ionized).
Stone Container Corp.; Coshocton, OH:
Reported stack air releases increased from zero
to 2.0 million pounds for formaldehyde,
methanol, acetone, benzene, and acetaldehyde.
The increase was due to the first-time reporting
of emissions for these chemicals, which are
byproducts from pulp mill operations. Recent
emission testing by the pulp and paper industry
to identify potential sources of hazardous air
pollutants under the Clean Air Act established
emission factors for these chemicals. Stone
Container intends to file Form Rs for previous
years addressing the generation of these
byproducts using these new factors.
American Chrome & Chemicals; Corpus
Christi, TX: Reported releases of chromium
compounds to land increased from 10 million to
12 million pounds due to a lower overall
efficiency in the recovery of chrome from
chromite ores. Chromite ores are reacted with
soda ash in a furnace followed by extraction of
chrome as sodium chromate. The non-extract-
able material includes residual chromium
compounds which are further processed and sent
to landfill. The reduced recovery efficiency was
attributed to the operation of the furnaces. The
furnaces have since been upgraded, improving
the recovery efficiency and reducing chrome
losses to landfill.
Inland Container Corp.; Rome, GA: Reported
stack air releases of methanol from the wood
pulping process increased from 980 thousand to
2.1 million pounds. The increase was the result
of a failure in an air emission control system.
Reported stack air releases of hydrochloric acid
increased from 72 thousand to 870 thousand
pounds due to a revised emission estimating
technique. Methanol and hydrochloric acid are
byproducts generated in the pulping process.
198
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Lenzing Fibers Corp.; Lowland, TN: Reported
air releases of carbon disulfide increased from
20.4 million to 22.3 million pounds due to
production increases. Carbon disulfide is a
reactant in the production of rayon fibers.
Doe Run Co.; Herculaneum, MO: Reported
releases of lead compounds and zinc compounds
to land increased from 6.1 million to 7.8 million
pounds due to increased production. Furnace
slag from the smelting process containing these
compounds is stored on land for potential future
recovery of these metals. Increased production
of lead resulted in increased slag production.
7993 TRI Top Decreasers
in Underground Injection
Table 3-11 lists the 50 TRI facilities with the
largest reported decreases in underground
injection from 1992 to 1993, ranked by the
magnitude of their decrease. Together, these 50
facilities accounted for reported reductions
totaling 181 million pounds. Several of the
facilities reported large decreases in
underground injection for ammonia and
ammonium sulfate (solution) because they have
become aware of EPA's reporting guidance for
these chemicals. A discussion of this guidance
appears in Box 3-1 of this chapter.
Vulcan Chemicals; Wichita, KS: Reported
underground injection of hydrochloric acid
decreased from 44 million to 10 million pounds
because of an increase in the reprocessing of the
hydrochloric acid waste stream to produce
calcium chloride, a road de-icing salt. Sulfuric
acid sent to the deepwell decreased from 13
million to 6 million pounds because of an
increase in off-site transfers to a recycling
facility.
DuPont; Louisville, KY: Reported underground
injection of hydrochloric acid decreased from 29
million to zero pounds because of the sale,
rather than disposal, of the hydrochloric acid.
DuPont shut down its deepwell in September,
1992. Hydrochloric acid is a byproduct from
the production of Freon 22. The plant added
tanks to increase the storage capacity so the
hydrochloric acid can be sold as the market
demands.
Cytec Industries Inc.; Westwego, LA:
Reported underground injection decreased for
acetonitrile from 13 million to 6.3 million
pounds and for ammonia from 50 million to 18
million pounds. Both are byproducts of
acrylonitrile and methyl methacrylate
production processes. The decrease in
acetonitrile can be attributed to the installation
of an additional stripper. Acetonitrile is now
recovered and sold as product. The decrease in
ammonia is due to calculation errors in previous
years that were corrected in 1993. Cytec put in
a new sulfuric acid regeneration plant which
converts ammonia and is expecting a large
decrease in ammonia injection for 1994.
Monsanto Company; Alvin, TX: Reported
underground injection of ammonia decreased
from 52 million to 36 million pounds, primarily
because the facility became aware of EPA's
previous reporting guidance concerning
reporting of ammonia contained in aqueous
solutions. Releases from the ammonium sulfate
stream are being reported as total ammonia and
are basically unchanged. Ammonia released in
Monsanto's petrochemical process to deepwells
from sources other than ammonium sulfate is
now being reported as un-ionized ammonia,
instead of total ammonia, based on pH mea-
surements of the waste stream.
Sterling Chemicals Inc.; Texas City, TX:
Reported underground injection of ammonia
decreased from 31.9 million to 19.3 million
pounds due to a 30% reduction in the production
of acrylonitrile. Ammonia is a byproduct from
this process. Although the primary factor was
199
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Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-11. Top 50 TRI Facilities with the Largest Decrease in Underground Injection, 1992-1993.
Facility
Vulcan Chemicals
DuPont
Cytec Industries Inc.
Monsanto Co.
Sterling Chemicals Inc.
Cabot Coip.
BP Chemicals Inc.
Zeneca Inc.
Albemarle Corp.
Citgo Petroleum Corp.
Shell Oil Co.
Zeneca Specialties
DuPont
Monsanto Co.
Upjohn Co.
Jetco Chemicals Inc.
Uniroyal Chemical Co. Inc.
Albemarle Corp.
DuPont
Arkansas Chemicals Inc.
Agricultural Minerals Ltd.
Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical
Angus Chemical Co.
Texaco Refining & Marketing
Diamond Shamrock Inc.
Great Lakes Chemical Corp.
Monsanto Co.
W. R. Grace & Co.
LTV Steel Co.
Maui Pineapple Co. Ltd.
DuPont
ISP Tech.
Hoechst-Celanese Chemical
Texaco Refining & Marketing
Great Lakes Chemical Corp.
Mobil Oil Corp.
Aristech Chemical Corp.
UOP
Martin Marietta Magnesia
Rexene Corp.
Arco Chemical Co.
Zeneca Inc.
DuPont
Chevron Chemical Co.
Qo Chemicals Inc.
Air Products Mfg. Corp.
Calumet Lubricants Co.
Imco Recycling Inc.
Zinc Corp. of America
Witco Oleo/Surfactants
Total
City
Wichita
Louisville
Westwego
Alvin
Texas City
Tuscola
Port Lavaca
Bucks
Magnolia
Lake Charles
Deer Park
Mt. Pleasant
Beaumont
Luling
Portage
Corsicana
Geismar
Magnolia
La Porte
El Dorado
Verdigris
Mulberry
Sterlington
Bakersfield
Sunray
Magnolia
Cantonment
Deer Park
Hennepin
Kahului
Victoria
Texas City
Bay City
Bakersfield
El Dorado
Chalmette
Haverhill
Blanchard
Manistee
Odessa
Channelview
Perry
La Place
Belle Chasse
Belle Glade
Wichita
Princeton
Sapulpa
Bartlesville
Houston
State
KS
KY
LA
TX
TX
IL
TX
AL
AR
LA
TX
TN
TX
LA
MI
TX
LA
AR
TX
AR
OK
FL
LA
CA
TX
AR
FL
TX
IL
HI
TX
TX
TX
CA
AR
LA
OH
LA
MI
TX
TX
OH
LA
LA
FL
KS
LA
OK
OK
TX
1992
Underground
Injection
Pounds
59,536,672
29,039,810
146,355,805
55,343,664
35,929,070
18,915,780
26,767,584
6,269,383
6,468,971
3,930,990
3,320,646
16,508,125
37,368,768
4,734,960
2,465,990
3,017,733
9,617,920
1,500,000
3,710,700
1,079,062
1,138,000
5,483,168
6,023,000
738,005
606,448
380,000
6,028,556
238,771
2,000,250
223,927
22,060,820
2,843,330
2,346,305
143,276
1,935,400
55,885
1,984,103
4,550,163
85,000
156,245
928,895
43,004
810,188
299,810
40,000
68,273
7,526
43,900
20,526
21,962
533,186,369
1993
Underground
Injection
Pounds
16,973,869
0
119,578,250
40,164,600
23,625,432
10,749,360
20,531,246
145,600
430,810
0
14,795
13,224,585
35,186,195
2,586,400
776,455
1,339,825
8,088,520
0
2,338,980
0
128,300
4,876,348
5,523,000
311,837
275,212
120,000
5,779,658
0
1,800,250
63,485
21,903,231
2,722,200
2,231,677
77,102
1,878,740
0
1,931,482
4,500,927
45,000
118,928
893,342
7,707
778,597
282,655
28,000
59,595
284
37,000
13,848
18,378
352,161,705
1992-1993
Change in
Underground
Injection
Pounds
-42,562,803
-29,039,810
-26,777,555
-15,179,064
-12,303,638
-8,166,420
-6,236,338
-6,123,783
-6,038,161
-3,930,990
-3,305,851
-3,283,540
-2,182,573
-2,148,560
- ,689,535
- ,677,908
- ,529,400
- ,500,000
- ,371,720
- ,079,062
- ,009,700
-606,820
-500,000
-426,168
-331,236
-260,000
-248,898
-238,771
-200,000
-160,442
-157,589
-121,130
-114,628
-66,174
-56,660
-55,885
-52,621
-49,236
-40,000
-37,317
-35,553
-35,297
-31,591
-17,155
-12,000
-8,678
-7,242
-6,900
-6,678
-3,584
-181,024,664
200
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
M ซ M tl M tl
reduced production, approximately 1 million
pounds of this decrease in ammonia can be
attributed to emission reduction projects.
Cabot Corp.; Tuscola, IL: Reported
underground injection of hydrochloric acid
decreased from 18.9 million to 10.7 million
pounds. Hydrochloric acid is a byproduct from
the manufacture of fumed silica. A more
favorable market allowed for an increase in the
sale of byproduct hydrochloric acid rather than
disposal.
B.P. Chemicals Inc.; Port Lavaca, TX:
Reported underground injection of ammonia
decreased from 21.7 million to 14 million
pounds due to utilizing EPA's previous
guidance concerning the reporting of ammonia
contained in aqueous solutions. Ammonium
sulfate is being reported as total ammonia and
other ammonia solutions are being reported as
un-ionized ammonia. There were no changes in
waste generation.
Zeneca Inc.; Bucks, AL: Reported
underground injection of methanol decreased
from 2.3 million to 145 thousand pounds and
ammonia decreased from 4 million to zero
pounds as a result of shutting down their
trimethyl phosphate process.
Albemarle Corp.; Magnolia, AR: Reported
underground injection of ammonia decreased
from 5.7 million to zero pounds. The primary
source of ammonia was from ammonium
bromide, whose releases were not included in
Albemarle's 1993 report for ammonia because it
was determined that the solution containing the
ammonia was not a waste stream and therefore
the 1% de minimis exemption applied. In
addition, the facility became aware of EPA's
previous reporting guidance concerning
reporting of ammonia contained in aqueous
solutions. Reported underground injection of
hydrochloric acid decreased from 760 thousand
to 388 thousand pounds. Hydrochloric acid is
used to acidize the deepwells. Fewer wells were
treated in 1993.
Citgo Petroleum Corp.; Lake Charles, LA:
Reported underground injection of ammonia
decreased from 3.8 million pounds to zero
pounds. The addition of on-site treatment of
ammonia allowed for termination of the use of
deepwells in the spring of 1992. Ammonia is in
the cooling water used in the refining process.
Ammonia is stripped from the water and then
burned in a furnace. The process water from the
stripper containing residual ammonia is returned
to the process or sent to wastewater treatment
for denitrification.
1993 TRI Top Increasers
in Underground Injection
Table 3-12 lists the 50 TRI facilities with the
largest reported increases in underground
injection from 1992 to 1993, ranked by the
magnitude of their increase. Together, these 50
facilities accounted for reported increases
totaling 27.6 million pounds.
DuPont; Pass Christian, MS: Reported
underground injection of hydrochloric acid
increased from 52 million to 56 million pounds
due to an increase in production. Hydrochloric
acid is used in the production of inorganic
pigments.
DuPont; Orange, TX: Reported underground
injection of sulfuric acid increased from 2.5
million to 5.6 million pounds due to an increase
in the number of process upsets and shut downs
during the manufacture of hydrogen cyanide.
Sulfuric acid is used to maintain pH levels and
control process reactions. Sulfuric acid is also
used to control pH in wastewater from tank
cleaning operations prior to deepwell injection.
201
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Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-12. Top 50 TRI Facilities with the Largest Increase in Underground Injection, 1992-1993.
Facility
DuPont
DuPont
Occidental Chemical Corp.
National Steel Corp.
DuPont
Coastal Chem Inc.
Rubicon Inc.
Witco Corp.
Hoechst-Celanese Chemical
Amoco Oil Co.
Bethlehem Steel Corp.
AK Steel Corp.
Great Lakes Chemical Corp.
Witco Corp.
Engelhard Corp.
Borden Chemicals & Plastics
Meridiem Co.
Cominco Fertilizers U.S. Inc.
Celanese Engineering Resins
Wil-Gro Fertilizer
Warner-Lambert Co.
Witco Corp.
Sandoz Agro Inc.
Total Petroleum Inc.
Great Lakes Chemical Corp.
IBP Inc.
IBP Inc.
BHP Petroleum Americas
Morton International Inc.
BP Chemicals Inc.
Phillips 66 Co.
Asarco Inc.
Imco Recycling Inc.
Elf Atochem N.A. Inc.
Cytec Industries Inc.
Harris Corp.
Zeneca Inc.
Petrolite
Teledyne Allvac
Sherwin-Williams Co.
BASF Corp.
Thrifty Corp.
Crouse-Hinds Cooper Industries
Standard Microsystems Corp.
Heinz USA
Reynolds Metals Co.
Quantum Chemical Co.
Plasma Processing Corp.
Arrow Tank & Eng.
Pimalco
Total
City
Pass Christian
Orange
Luling
Portage
State
MS
TX
LA
IN
New JohnsonviUe TN
Cheyenne
Geismar
Harvey
Pasadena
Texas City
Burns Harbor
Middletown
El Dorado
Taft
Jackson
Geismar
Houston
Borger
Bishop
Pryor
Holland
Marshall
Beaumont
Alma
Adrian
Holcomb
Amarillo
Kapolei
Moss Point
Lima
Borger
Amarillo
Morgantown
Crosby
Milton
Palm Bay
Saint Gabriel
Barnsdall
Latrobe
Coffeyville
Holland
El Monte
Amarillo
Hauppauge
Holland
Ewa Beach
Tuscola
Millwood
Cambridge
Chandler
WY
LA
LA
TX
TX
IN
OH
AR
LA
MS
LA
TX
TX
TX
OK
MI
TX
TX
MI
MI
KS
TX
HI
MS
OH
TX
TX
KY
TX
FL
FL
LA
OK
PA
KS
MI
CA
TX
NY
MI
HI
IL
WV
MN
AZ
1992
Underground
Injection
Pounds
52,000,000
4,347,083
0
1,918,535
47,000,000
12,514,351
6,881,500
290,000
5,363,400
11,203,000
1,857,100
2,700,000
632,015
2,142,937
5,992,194
949,028
3,327,300
372,217
1,134,480
823,270
3,259,405
31,790
653,440
271,994
0
33,250
33,120
45,030
2,737
20,363,250
17,840
5,808,239
693
497,644
220,038
1,077
23,866
750
0
0
1.101
0
0
0
0
54
59
0
0
0
192,713,787
1993
Underground
Injection
Pounds
56,000,000
7,303,524
2,733,233
4,606,300
49,000,000
14,512,026
8,260,300
1,600,000
6,606,610
12,166,000
2,819,000
3,520,000
1,194,966
2,703,050
6,521,124
1,426,171
3,772,600
772,248
1,513,750
1,042,120
3,396,043
152,183
770,189
365,363
88,771
120,250
102,250
96,030
52,872
20,406,300
51,795
5,832.635
20,000
516,023
238,020
18,733
30,353
6,000
3,200
1,424
2,350
750
250
250
250
250
200
64
48
18
220,345,886
1992-1993
Change in
Underground
Injection
Pounds
4,000,000
2,956,441
2,733,233
2,687,765
2,000,000
1,997,675
1,378,800
1,310,000
1,243,210
963,000
961,900
820,000
562,951
560,113
528.930
477,143
445,300
400,031
379,270
218,850
136,638
120,393
1 16,749
93,369
88,771
87,000
69,130
51,000
50.135
43,050
33,955
24,396
19,307
18,379
17,982
17,656
6,487
5,250
3,200
1,424
1,249
750
250
250
250
196
141
64
48
18
27,632,099
202
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
Occidental Chemical Corp.; Luting, LA:
Reported underground injection of ammonia
increased from zero to 2.7 million pounds
because for 1993, Occidental Chemical reported
as a separate establishment which is part of a
facility owned by Monsanto Co. In 1992, all
quantities of TRI chemicals injected
underground (including ammonia) at the facility
were reported by Monsanto Co. The amount of
ammonia injected by the facility as a whole
actually increased by only 133 thousand pounds.
National Steel Corp.; Portage, IN: Reported
underground injection of hydrochloric acid
increased from 1.9 million to 4.6 million
pounds. The waste hydrochloric acid, an aid in
the manufacture of cold-rolled steel, was
previously sent off-site for recovery but is now
injected underground. The off-site recovery
operation no longer accepts this waste
hydrochloric acid stream.
DuPont; New Johnsonville, TN: Reported
underground injection of hydrochloric acid
increased from 47 million to 49 million pounds
due to the natural variability of raw materials
used in the production of titanium dioxide.
Waste hydrochloric acid is generated during the
manufacturing process and sent to deepwell for
disposal.
Coastal Chemical Inc.; Cheyenne, WY:
Reported underground injection of ammonium
nitrate (solution) increased from 10.3 to 10.9
million pounds due to production increases.
Ammonium nitrate waste is generated during
the production of inorganic chemicals.
Reported underground injection of ammonia
increased from 2.2 million to 3.6 million pounds
due to an increase in waste generation from the
start-up of a urea plant expansion.
Unanticipated start-up problems limited the urea
plant's ability to efficiently remove and recycle
ammonia. The urea plant was thoroughly
revamped in 1994, which should result in
substantially lower ammonia discharges.
Rubicon Inc.; Geismar, LA: Reported
underground injection of ammonia increased
from 3.1 million to 5.7 million pounds due to a
process change. Ammonia has replaced sodium
hydroxide for neutralization in the manufacture
of dinitrotoluene. Some is recovered, with the
remaining ammonia waste injected. Ammonia
is generated as a byproduct from several
different processes on-site. The ammonia is
used on site, sold, or disposed of through
injection.
Witco Corp.; Harvey, LA: Reported
underground injection of methanol increased
from 290 thousand to 1.6 million pounds due to
a one-time experimental test run for a new
product. A repeat of this product run is not
expected.
Hoechst-Celanese Chemical; Pasadena, TX:
Reported underground injection of ethylene
glycol increased from 4.6 million to 5.6 million
pounds due to fluctuations in process operation
increasing the glycol concentration in the waste
stream to the deepwell. Hoechst-Celanese is a
producer of ethylene glycol.
Amoco Oil Company; Texas City, TX:
Reported underground injection of ammonia
increased from 10.7 million to 11.7 million
pounds. No specific reasons were identified to
account for this increase.
TRI and Economic Data
Clearly, environmental releases and off-site
transfers for treatment and disposal of toxic
chemicals covered by TRI have declined
significantly since 1988. How do these
203
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
decreases compare to the economic performance
of the manufacturing sector during this same
period?
One way to examine this relationship is to
compare the value of goods shipped from
manufacturing facilities to the quantity of TRI
chemicals released and transferred off-site by
those facilities. This ratio, tracked over time,
will indicate whether more or less value of
economic activity is being obtained for each
unit of TRI chemicals released or transferred.
Increases over time in the ratio would indicate
that, for a given value of goods produced and
shipped, manufacturers are releasing or
transferring a lower quantity of TRI chemicals.
This might indicate that manufacturers are
becoming more efficient in managing the use
and disposal of TRI chemicals. Conversely, a
declining ratio would mean that a lower value of
goods was being produced and shipped for each
unit of TRI releases and transfers. This might
be indicative of less effective management of
the use and disposal of TRI chemicals in the
manufacturing process.
Value-of-shipments data are not a perfect
measure of production. For example, value-of-
shipments data do not cover all elements of
production, such as unsold production or
production of intermediates which are not sold.
Also, the value-of-shipments data are adjusted
for the general rate of inflation in the economy
and are expressed in constant 1987 dollars.
However, prices of certain products shipped
from manufacturers may change at rates
different from the general rate of inflation, or
manufacturers may shift production to a product
mix with higher or lower prices. Such price
changes which differ from the general rate of
inflation would cause the value-of-shipments
data to reflect not just changes in production,
but also changes in prices. However, value-of-
shipments data constitute the best data readily
available to represent production for this type of
analysis.
At this time, the most recent value-of-shipments
data available were for the 1992 calendar year.
Therefore, this analysis examines the
relationship between value of shipments and
TRI data for 1988 through 1992.
The results of this analysis show that there has
been an overall increase in the dollar value of
shipments per ton of TRI releases and transfers
from 1988 to 1992. The ratio of value of
shipments to TRI releases and transfers has
increased from 0.86 to 1.28 since 1988. This
represents an increase in value of shipments of
almost $420,000 per ton of TRI releases and
transfers. In other words, reported TRI releases
and transfers have declined with respect to
production as measured by value of shipments.
For the period 1988 through 1992, the ratio
improved for 17 of the 20 two-digit SIC code
major groups covered by TRI. Only the food,
apparel, and petroleum industries had a lower
ratio of value of shipments to TRI releases and
transfers in 1992 than in 1988. The chemical
industry, which accounts for the largest share of
TRI releases and transfers of any industry,
showed an improvement of 69%.
From 1991 to 1992, the ratio of value of
shipments to TRI releases and transfers
increased from 1.20 to 1.28, an increase of 7%.
The ratio improved for 18 of the 20 SIC code
groupings. Only petroleum and primary metals
experienced declining ratios between 1991 and
1992. The chemical industry showed a 9.8%
improvement from 1991 to 1992.
Table 3-13 shows, for each year and for each
industry, the value of shipments, tons of TRI
releases and transfers, and the ratio of value of
shipments to TRI releases and transfers. Table
204
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
u at M ปi 92 n
3-14 shows growth rates for value of shipments,
TRI releases and transfers, and their ratios.
Rounding of numbers in the tables may cause
apparently inconsistent results in some cases.
CHANGES IN RELEASES
AND TRANSFERS BY CHEMICAL
1992-1993 Comparisons
Table 3-15 presents TRI total release data for
the 20 chemicals with the largest decreases in
total releases from 1992 to 1993. Ammonia
releases decreased by 113 million pounds since
1992, a decline of 24.3%. Ammonia decreases
accounted for nearly 28% of total release
reductions for all TRI chemicals since 1992. A
significant portion of this ammonia decrease
may be due to changes in facility reporting
methods for the aqueous forms of this chemical,
as discussed above in Box 3-1. Total TRI
releases of hydrochloric acid decreased by 62
million pounds since 1992, a decline of 21.6%.
Total TRI releases of 1,1,1-trichloroethane, an
ozone-depleting chemical, decreased by 53
million pounds since 1992, a decline of 45.3%.
The number of TRI reporting forms submitted
for this chemical dropped by 34.8% between
1992 and 1993, from 3,178 to 2,073. This
indicates that one-third fewer facilities
manufactured, processed, or used this chemical
above reporting thresholds in 1993. Many
facilities are phasing out their use of this
common industrial solvent.
Releases of Freon 113, another ozone-depleting
chemical, decreased by 15 million pounds since
1992, a decline of 60.5% in just one year. The
number of forms submitted for this chemical
declined by 46.3%, from 867 in 1992 to 466 in
1993. This chemical has also been the target of
intensive pollution prevention efforts by
facilities.
Table 3-16 presents TRI total release data for
the 20 chemicals with the largest increase in
releases between 1992 and 1993. Total TRI
releases of copper compounds increased by
nearly 7 million pounds since 1992, an increase
of 15.9%. Much of this increase is attributable
to increased land disposal of slag containing
these compounds by a few facilities.
Phosphoric acid releases increased by 6 million
pounds since 1992 due to a large increase in
water releases by a fertilizer facility in
Louisiana. Chlorine releases increased by
nearly 5 million pounds, due largely to
increased air emissions by a single facility in
Utah. These increases are discussed in greater
detail in the preceding section of this chapter.
1988-1993 Changes
Table 3-17 presents the TRI total release data
for the 20 chemicals with the largest decreases
between 1988 and 1993. Table 3-18 presents
the decrease in number of forms submitted for
the 20 chemicals with the greatest decrease in
number of forms between 1988 and 1993.
Ammonium sulfate (solution) releases have
decreased more than any other TRI chemical
since 1988, accounting for 28.5% of total
reductions of all TRI chemicals since 1988.
Total releases of ammonium sulfate (solution)
have decreased by 594 million pounds, from
606 million pounds in 1988 to only 12 million
pounds in 1993. This represents a decrease of
98.0% since 1988. Much of this decrease can be
attributed to facility use of an optional reporting
method for ammonium sulfate (solution) which
became available for the 1990 reporting year
(see Box 3-1 above). It's interesting to note
that, while releases of this chemical have
declined by 98% since 1988, the number of
forms submitted for it has declined by only
37.4%, from 396 to 248.
205
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-13. Ratio of Shipments to TRI Releases and Transfers for Manufacturing Industries, 1988-1992.ฉ
SIC
Code Industry
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Rubber/Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay/Glass
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transport. Equip.
Measure ./Photo.
Miscellaneous
Total
Value of Shipments
$ Millions, 1987
1988
328,212
16,807
60,644
60,664
65,994
35,212
107,789
121,749
229,822
194,113
88,285
8,522
59,602
131,929
147,890
228,720
178,729
328,430
107,036
32,437
2,532,586
1989
324,780
15,987
61,593
57,530
64,465
35,599
108,747
120,218
232,512
189,831
89,307
8,349
58,903
128,761
144,033
229,126
179,545
326,477
106,937
32,059
2,514,760
1990
330,472
16,333
59,096
56,852
63,493
34,997
107,830
120,352
238,168
188,828
91,104
8,065
57,698
125,367
141,662
225,061
178,924
318,276
108,008
32,381
2,502,966
1991
332,705
15,437
58,405
56,332
59,103
32,917
106,378
114,871
234,989
190,224
88,538
7,325
53,082
117,451
134,715
209,175
179,727
303,867
108,870
31,601
2,435,711
1992
342,815
29,827
60,012
60,795
69,438
37,087
112,865
142,007
259,559
127,301
96,387
8,214
53,038
117,431
141,778
219,247
184,979
340,589
115,008
33,638
2,552,016
1988
34,943
1,468
28,324
857
19,021
36,863
176,679
35,034
1,510,853
58,790
100,116
14,189
30,387
426,640
120,349
42,366
93,254
140,121
40,202
20,774
2,931,230
Total Releases and
Tons
1989
39,290
917
23,672
1,050
20,677
35,541
172,213
32,066
1,370,769
58,238
106,413
13,097
26,455
385,036
113,593
40,168
75,960
127,906
33,622
21,963
2,698,645
1990
42,230
1,277
19,643
836
19,316
33,772
161,603
30,312
1,083,220
49,672
101,914
11,882
20,977
391,449
102,607
32,715
64,787
110,867
27,744
16,758
2,323,581
Transfers
1991
43,522
1,160
17,501
905
16,985
29,803
151,034
24,792
1,003,742
45,465
85,309
9,025
22,101
293,768
80,307
24,983
54,062
91,314
23,528
12,521
2,031,825
1992
41,168
1,010
16,075
909
16,057
31,016
147,324
21,209
1,009,357
46,424
77,532
9,600
19,421
298,110
76,791
21,211
43,730
81,344
19,925
11,314
1,989,529
Table 3-14. Growth Rates in Ratio of Shipments to TRI Releases and Transfers for Manufacturing Industries,
1988-1992.ฎ
SIC
Code Industry
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Rubber/Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay/Glass
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transport. Equip.
Measure ./Photo.
Miscellaneous
Total
Percent Change in
Real Value of Shipments
1988-
1989
Percent
-1.05
-4.88
1.57
-5.17
-2.32
1.10
0.89
-1.26
1.17
-2.21
1.16
-2.02
-1.17
-2.40
-2.61
0.18
0.46
-0.59
-0.09
-1.16
-0.70
1989-
1990
Percent
1.75
2.17
-4.05
-1.18
-1.51
-1.69
-0.84
0.11
2.43
-0.53
2.01
-3.41
-2.04
-2.64
-1.65
-1.77
-0.35
-2.51
1.00
1.00
-0.47
1990-
1991
Percent
0.68
-5.49
-1.17
-0.92
-6.91
-5.94
-1.35
-4.55
-1.34
0.74
-2.82
-9.17
-8.00
-6.31
-4.90
-7.06
0.45
-4.53
0.80
-2.41
-2.69
1991-
1992
Percent
3.04
93.22
2.75
7.92
17.49
12.67
6.10
23.62
10.46
-33.08
8.86
12.13
-0.08
-0.02
5.24
4.82
2.92
12.09
5.64
6.45
4.78
1988-
1992
Percent
4.45
77.47
-1.04
0.22
5.22
5.32
4.71
16.64
12.94
-34.42
9.18
-3.61
-11.01
-10.99
-4.13
-4.14
3.50
3.70
7.45
3.70
0.77
1988-
1989
Percent
12.44
-37.55
-16.42
22.54
8.71
-3.59
-2.53
-8.47
-9.27
-0.94
6.29
-7.70
-12.94
-9.75
-5.61
-5.19
-18.54
-8.72
-16.37
5.72
-7.93
Percent Change in
TRI Releases and Transfers
1989-
1990
Percent
7.48
39.25
-17.02
-20.39
-6.58
-4.98
-6.16
-5.47
-20.98
-14.71
-4.23
-9.28
-20.71
1.67
-9.67
-18.55
-14.71
-13.32
-17.48
-23.70
-13.90
1990- 1991-
1991 1992
Percent Percent
3.06
-9.15
-10.90
8.25
-12.07
-11.75
-6.54
-18.21
-7.34
-8.47
-16.29
-24.05
5.36
-24.95
-21.73
-23.63
-16.55
-17.64
-15.20
-25.28
-12.56
-5.41
-12.87
-8.15
0.49
-5.46
4.07
-2.46
-14.45
0.56
2.11
-9.12
6.38
-12.12
1.48
-4.38
-15.10
-19.11
-10.92
-15.31
-9.64
-2.08
1988-
1992
Percent
17.81
-31.17
-43.25
6.12
-15.58
-15.86
-16.61
-39.46
-33.19
-21.03
-22.56
-32.34
-36.09
-30.13
-36.19
-49.93
-53.11
-41.95
-50.44
-45.54
-32.13
Does not include data for aluminum oxide, delisted chemicals, or chemicals added in 1990 and 1991.
206
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
SIC
Code
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Industry
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Rubber/Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay/Glass
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transport. Equip.
Measure./Photo.
Miscellaneous
All Industries
Ratio of Shipments to Releases and
$ Millions/Ton
1988
9.39
11.45
2.14
70.83
3.47
0.96
0.61
3.48
0.15
3.30
0.88
0.60
1.96
0.31
1.23
5.40
1.92
2.34
2.66
1.56
0.86
1989
8.27
17.44
2.60
54.81
3.12
1.00
0.63
3.75
0.17
3.26
0.84
0.64
2.23
0.33
1.27
5.70
2.36
2.55
3.18
1.46
0.93
1990
7.83
12.80
3.01
68.04
3.29
1.04
0.67
3.97
0.22
3.80
0.89
0.68
2.75
0.32
1.38
6.88
2.76
2.87
3.89
1.93
1.08
1991
7.64
13.31
3.34
62.28
3.48
1.10
0.70
4.63
0.23
4.18
1.04
0.81
2.40
0.40
1.68
8.37
3.32
3.33
4.63
2.52
1.20
Transfers
1992
8.33
29.52
3.73
66.89
4.32
1.20
0.77
6.70
0.26
2.74
1.24
0.86
2.73
0.39
1.85
10.34
4.23
4.19
5.77
2.97
1.28
SIC
Code
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Industry
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Rubber/Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay/Glass
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transport. Equip
Measure./Photo.
Miscellaneous
Total
Percent
Change in
Ratio of
Shipments to Releases and Transfers
1988-
1989
Percent
-11.99
52.33
21.52
-22.61
-10.14
4.86
3.50
7.88
11.51
-1.28
-4.83
6.15
13.51
8.14
3.18
5.66
23.33
8.90
19.46
-6.51
7.85
1989-
1990
Percent
-5.33
-26.63
15.63
24.13
5.43
3.46
5.67
5.90
29.62
16.63
6.52
6.47
23.53
-4.23
8.88
20.60
16.84
12.47
22.40
32.38
15.60
1990-
1991
Percent
-2.31
4.03
10.92
-8.47
5.86
6.58
5.56
16.70
6.48
10.06
16.10
19.59
-12.68
24.84
21.50
21.70
20.38
15.92
18.86
30.62
11.29
1991-
1992
Percent
8.93
121.77
11.87
7.40
24.27
8.26
8.77
44.51
9.84
-34.46
19.79
5.41
13.70
-1.47
10.06
23.46
27.24
25.82
24.74
17.80
7.00
1988-
1992
Percent
-11.34
157.86
74.36
-5.56
24.64
25.18
25.57
92.67
69.05
-16.95
40.98
42.47
39.23
27.39
50.25
91.46
120.71
78.63
116.80
90.41
48.46
207
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-15. Top 20 Chemicals for Decreases in Total Releases, 1992-1993.
CAS
Numberฎ
7664-41-7
7647-01-0
71-55-6
67-56-1
108-88-3
76-13-1
7440-50-8
75-09-2
67-64-1
78-93-3
463-58-1
7440-66-6
75-05-8
75-71-8
110-82-7
108-95-2
67-66-3
74-85-1
Chemical
Ammonia
Hydrochloric acid
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Methanol
Toluene
Manganese compounds
Freon 113
Copper
Dichloromethane
Acetone
Zinc compounds
Methyl ethyl ketone
Carbonyl sulfide
Zinc (fume or dust)
Acetonitrile
Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12)
Cyclohexane
Phenol
Chloroform
Ethylene
Total
1992
Pounds
465,877,137
287,278,129
117,164,593
253,856,319
196,474,524
66,633,467
24,896,375
14,332,877
75,788,856
140,053,675
81,832,633
92,688,075
18,037,066
17,057,430
21,287,920
11,508,287
13,962,847
13,666,426
17,755,538
36,698,833
Releases
1993
Pounds
352,865,493
225,249,801
64,122,214
211,924,491
178,636,563
50,460,069
9,830,872
2,740,663
65,410,485
129,865,364
72,952,342
85,507,228
12,789,097
12,196,985
16,783,392
7,381,795
10,395,232
10,130,668
14,331,019
33,330,805
1992-1993
Pounds
-113,011,644
-62,028,328
-53,042,379
-41,931,828
-17,837,961
-16,173,398
-15,065,503
-11,592,214
-10,378,371
-10,188,311
-8,880,291
-7,180,847
-5,247,969
-4,860,445
-4,504,528
-4,126,492
-3,567,615
-3,535,758
-3,424,519
-3,368,028
Change
Percent
-24.3
-21.6
-45.3
-16.5
-9.1
-24.3
-60.5
-80.9
-13.7
-7.3
-10.9
-7.7
-29.1
-28.5
-21.2
-35.9
-25.6
-25.9
-19.3
-9.2
Table 3-16. Top 20 Chemicals for Increases in Total Releases, 1992-1993.
CAS
Numberฎ
7664-38-2
7782-50-5
7664-93-9
6484-52-2
7439-92-1
100-42-5
50-00-0
107-21-1
60-35-5
56-23-5
101-68-8
95-63-6
75-07-0
1634-04-4
80-05-7
108-38-3
75-15-0
1319-77-3
Chemical
Copper compounds
Phosphoric acid
Chlorine
Sulfuric acid
Ammonium nitrate (solution)
Lead
Styrene
Formaldehyde
Nickel compounds
Ethylene glycol
Acetamide
Carbon tetrachloride
Methylenebis(phenylisocyanate)
1 ,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Acetaldehyde
Methyl tert-butyl ether
4,4'-Isopropylidenediphenol
m-Xylene
Carbon disulfide
Cresol (mixed isomers)
Total
1992
Pounds
41,087,660
206,621,281
71,364,152
156,083,437
48,271,423
2,545,365
31,405,163
16,673,116
1,816,127
17,240,115
100,821
1,440,839
530,963
5,897,987
8,422,287
3,214,663
521,330
1,269,578
92,957,574
1,117,490
Releases
1993
Pounds
47,604,942
212,622,635
76,254,999
159,597,625
50,333,091
4,056,624
32,909,052
18,120,169
3,221,837
18,533,707
1,089,016
2,264,773
1,350,274
6,657,244
9,166,549
3,951,584
950,601
1,668,010
93,344,321
1,433,239
1992-1993
Pounds
6,517,282
6,001,354
4,890,847
3,514,188
2,061,668
1,511,259
1,503,889
1,447,053
1,405,710
1,293,592
988,195
823,934
819,311
759,257
744,262
736,921
429,271
398,432
386,747
315,749
Change
Percent
15.9
2.9
6.9
2.3
4.3
59.4
4.8
8.7
77.4
7.5
980.1
57.2
154.3
12.9
8.8
22.9
82.3
31.4
0.4
28.3
Compound categories do not have CAS numbers ( ).
208
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-17. Top 20 Chemicals for Decreases in Total Releases, 1988-1993.ฎ
CAS
Numberฎ
7783-20-2
7647-01-0
108-88-3
71-55-6
67-64-1
67-56-1
75-09-2
7782-50-5
76-13-1
78-93-3
1330-20-7
6484-52-2
7664-93-9
75-15-0
79-01-6
127-18-4
71-43-2
79-10-7
Chemical
Ammonium sulfate (solution)
Hydrochloric acid
Toluene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Acetone
Methanol
Dichloromethane
Chlorine
Freon 1 1 3
Methyl ethyl ketone
Zinc compounds
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Ammonium nitrate (solution)
Manganese compounds
Sulfuric acid
Carbon disulfide
Trichloroethylene
Tetrachloroethylene
Benzene
Acrylic acid
Total Releases
1988
Pounds
606,203,907
480,622,326
299,708,226
179,537,544
214,238,835
289,869,944
130,937,318
141,255,623
70,533,423
140,721,633
121,830,327
158,826,169
95,220,959
93,517,514
199,355,609
124,210,041
55,829,024
36,260,554
32,915,312
23,094,652
1991
Pounds
18,286,041
289,278,294
209,935,425
143,107,328
161,394,204
259,393,405
82,210,080
77,502,722
36,704,002
107,469,325
114,593,513
122,184,099
50,787,210
72,152,078
161,588,579
89,583,464
35,769,277
16,930,003
18,723,952
19,296,926
1992
Pounds
12,908,135
287,278,129
196,474,524
117,164,593
140,053,675
253,856,319
75,788,856
71,364,152
24,896,375
92,688,075
81,832,633
113,700,234
48,271,423
66,633,467
156,083,437
92,957,574
30,208,038
12,522,825
13,547,553
5,051,793
1993
Pounds
12,341,611
225,249,801
178,636,563
64,122,214
129,865,364
211,924,491
65,410,485
76,254,999
9,830,872
85,507,228
72,952,342
111,657,896
50,333,091
50,460,069
159,597,625
93,344,321
30,128,003
11,585,238
11,209,093
4,105,904
1988-1993
Pounds
-593,862,296
-255,372,525
-121,071,663
-115,415,330
-84,373,471
-77,945,453
-65,526,833
-65,000,624
-60,702,551
-55,214,405
-48,877,985
-47,168,273
-44,887,868
-43,057,445
-39,757,984
-30,865,720
-25,701,021
-24,675,316
-21,706,219
-18,988,748
Change
Percent
-98.0
-53.1
-40.4
-64.3
-39.4
-26.9
-50.0
-46.0
-86.1
-39.2
-40.1
-29.7
-47.1
-46.0
-19.9
-24.8
-46.0
-68.1
-65.9
-82.2
Table 3-18. Top 20 Chemicals for Decreases in Number of Forms Submitted, 1988-1993.ฎ
CAS
Numberฎ
71-55-6
76-13-1
75-09-2
108-88-3
7782-50-5
127-18-4
67-64-1
7440-66-6
584-84-9
79-01-6
7783-20-2
91-08-7
107-21-1
1336-36-3
78-93-3
7697-37-2
7440-39-3
Chemical
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Freon 113
Dichloromethane
Toluene
Chlorine
Tetrachloroethylene
Acetone
Zinc (fume or dust)
Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate
Trichloroethylene
Ammonium sulfate (solution)
Toluene-2,6-diisocyanate
Cyanide compounds
Ethylene glycol
Mixtures and other trade names
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
Methyl ethyl ketone
Nitric acid
Barium
Forms
1988
Number
3,891
1,439
1,668
3,979
1,797
743
2,768
645
256
946
396
189
391
1,447
175
122
2,518
1,916
143
1991
Number
3,699
1,093
1,293
3,928
1,635
573
2,708
473
105
723
299
63
276
1,378
157
26
2,570
1,885
87
1992
Number
3,178
867
1,131
3,770
1,540
512
2,578
454
83
675
274
51
257
1,346
60
20
2,481
1,826
66
1993
Number
2,073
466
1,065
3,569
1,504
474
2,511
418
75
111
248
42
252
1,312
47
16
2,418
1,824
65
1988-1993
Number
-1,818
-973
-603
-410
-293
-269
-257
-227
-181
-174
-148
-147
-139
-135
-128
-106
-100
-92
-78
Change
Percent
-46.7
-67.6
-36.2
-10.3
-16.3
-36.2
-9.3
-35.2
-70.7
-18.4
-37.4
-77.8
-35.5
-9.3
-73.1
-86.9
-4.0
-4.8
-54.5
Does not include data for aluminum oxide, delisted chemicals, or chemicals added in 1990 and 1991.
Compound categories do not have CAS numbers ().
209
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
Releases of hydrochloric acid have decreased by
255 million pounds since 1988, a decline of
53.1%. Releases of toluene have decreased by
121 million pounds, a decline of 40.4% since
1988. The number of forms submitted for
toluene decreased by 10.3% during this time,
from 3,979 to 3,569.
Releases of 1,1,1-trichloroethane decreased by
115 million pounds since 1988, a decline of
64.3%. The number of forms submitted for this
chemical dropped by 1,818, from 3,891 to
2,073, a decline of 46.7%. Freon 113
experienced the second largest decrease in
number of forms submitted, a decline of 973
forms, or 67.6%. Releases of Freon 113
declined by 61 million pounds, or 86.1%, since
1988.
Table 3-19 presents the TRI total release data
for the 20 chemicals with the largest increase in
total releases between 1988 and 1993. Table
3-20 presents the 20 chemicals with the largest
increase in number of forms submitted since
1988.
Table 3-21 presents the change in total TRI
releases to air, water, and land for ozone-
depleting chemicals between 1988 and 1993.
Production of ozone-depleting chemicals will be
phased out under the Clean Air Act Amend-
ments of 1990. Freon 113 and 1,1,1-trichloro-
ethane, both of which can no longer be produced
as of January 1, 1996, have experienced very
high rates of decline in releases in recent years.
Table 3-22 presents the change in combined TRI
releases to air, water, and land for the 25
carcinogens with the largest releases to air,
water, and land in 1993. Releases of some of
these chemicals, such as dichloromethane,
tetrachloroethane, and benzene, have declined
steadily since 1988. Release of others, such as
styrene, formaldehyde, and acetaldehyde, have
remained fairly constant. Releases of nickel
compounds, 1,4-dioxane, and arsenic have
increased since 1988. Although releases of 22
of these 25 carcinogens have declined since
1988, releases of nine of them increased
between 1992 and 1993.
Table 3-23 presents the complete release and
transfer information for all TRI chemicals for
which reports have been received in at least one
year between 1988 and 1993.
210
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-19. Top 20 Chemicals for Increases in Total Releases, 1988-1993.ฎ
CAS
Numberฎ
7664-38-2
1 00-4 1-4
7664-41-7
95-63-6
79-06-1
1634-04-4
60-35-5
101-68-8
1163-19-5
95-48-7
108-39-4
103-23-1
74-83-9
74-90-8
80-05-7
7440-38-2
123-31-9
Chemical
Phosphoric acid
Copper compounds
Ethylbenzene
Ammonia
1 ,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Acrylamide
Methyl tert-butyl ether
Acetamide
Methylenebis(phenyl-
isocyanate)
Decabromodiphenyl oxide
o-Cresol
m-Cresol
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate
Bromomethane
Hydrogen cyanide
Nickel compounds
4,4'-Isopropylidenediphenol
Arsenic
Selenium compounds
Hydroquinone
1988
Pounds
177,251,686
33,191,302
7,813,632
350,023,596
4,420,078
2,227,899
2,624,516
0
333,500
51,846
91,915
19,170
104,217
2,774,341
2,854,188
3,038,931
777,428
190,236
64,156
393,475
Total
1991
Pounds
162,986,066
46,495,295
9,183,917
487,637,260
5,639,759
4,625,338
3,281,826
40
660,262
271,920
615,646
638,289
238,671
3,052,065
2,224,575
1,972,377
853,197
1,743,023
122,171
270,900
Releases
1992
Pounds
206,621,281
41,087,660
10,553,068
465,877,137
5,897,987
4,228,493
3,214,663
100,821
530,963
570,720
513,504
506,999
370,187
3,015,382
3,146,900
1,816,127
521,330
1,806,693
141,683
268,235
1993
Pounds
212,622,635
47,604,942
10,690,955
352,865,493
6,657,244
4,041,496
3,951,584
1,089,016
1,350,274
709,921
727,480
556,762
627,871
3,181,022
3,056,164
3,221,837
950,601
346,894
200,864
499,186
1988-1993
Pounds
35,370,949
14,413,640
2,877,323
2,841,897
2,237,166
1,813,597
1,327,068
1,089,016
1,016,774
658,075
635,565
537,592
523,654
406,681
201,976
182,906
173,173
156,658
136,708
105,711
Change
Percent
20.0
43.4
36.8
0.8
50.6
81.4
50.6
NA
304.9
1269.3
691.5
2804.3
502.5
14.7
7.1
6.0
22.3
82.3
213.1
26.9
Table 3-20. Top 20 Chemicals for Increases in Number of Forms Submitted, 1988-1993.ฎ
CAS
Numberฎ
7440-50-8
7440-02-0
7440-47-3
95-63-6
101-68-8
100-41-4
7439-96-5
100-42-5
7664-41-7
7664-38-2
98-82-8
Chemical
Zinc compounds
Glycol ethers
Copper
Nickel
Chromium
Manganese compounds
1 ,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Methylenebis(phenyl-
isocyanate)
Copper compounds
Ethylbenzene
Manganese
Barium compounds
Nickel compounds
Antimony compounds
Chromium compounds
Styrene
Ammonia
Phosphoric acid
Lead compounds
Cumene
Forms
1988
Number
,644
,612
,930
,149
,217
540
287
425
1,032
558
917
624
567
267
1,198
1,235
2,937
2,523
727
117
1991
Number
2,350
2,121
2,413
1,581
1,554
901
557
754
1,446
856
1,193
1,018
788
487
1,500
1,425
3,284
2,704
937
218
1992
Number
2,417
2,177
2,377
1,600
1,575
948
645
779
1,465
895
1,218
1,021
780
516
1,470
1,417
3,187
2,685
887
219
1993
Number
2,463
2,162
2,458
1,639
1,693
988
699
834
1,435
935
1,286
990
820
503
1,414
1,404
3,096
2,678
858
236
1988-1993
Number
819
550
528
490
476
448
412
409
403
377
369
366
253
236
216
169
159
155
131
119
Change
Percent
49.8
34.1
27.4
42.6
39.1
83.0
143.6
96.2
39.1
67.6
40.2
58.7
44.6
88.4
18.0
13.7
5.4
6.1
18.0
101.7
Does not include data for aluminum oxide, delisted chemicals, or chemicals added in 1990 and 1991.
Compounds categories do not have CAS numbers ().
211
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
ปt M 90 91 93 93
Table 3-21. Change in TRI Releases to Air, Water, and Land for Ozone Depleters, 1988-1993.
CAS
Numberฎ
353-59-3
74-83-9
75-63-8
56-23-5
124-73-2
75-71-8
76-14-2
76-13-1
76-15-3
71-55-6
75-69-4
Chemical
Bromochlorodifluoro-
methane (Halon 1211)
Bromomethane
Bromotrifluoro-
methane (Halon 1301)
Carbon tetrachloride
Dibromotetrafluoro-
ethane (Halon 2402)
Dichlorodifluoro-
methane(CFC-12)
Dichlorotetrafluoro-
ethane(CFC-114)
Freon 1 1 3
Monochloropenta-
fluoroethane(CFC-llS)
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Trichlorofluoro-
methane(CFC-ll)
Total AirAVater/Land Releases
1988ฉ
Pounds
NA
2,772,795
NA
3,809,039
NA
NA
NA
70,527,458
NA
179,536,544
NA
1991
Pounds
11,958
3,051,065
180,107
1,552,870
6,550
15,238,366
1,900,333
36,703,444
375,168
143,104,523
11,895,720
1992
Pounds
16,747
3,014,382
110,151
1,394,855
768
11,506,565
1 ,080,479
24,896,161
421,692
1993
Pounds
9,273
3,179,922
40,885
2,230,441
0
7,381,794
1,118,303
9,830,868
560,753
117,164,032 64,119,686
9,483,481
6,130,234
1988-1993 Change
Pounds Percent
407,127 14.7
_
-1,578,598 -41.4
-60,696,590 -86.1
-115,416,858 -64.3
Compounds categories do not have CAS numbers ().
NA: Halons and CFCs were not reportable until 1991.
212
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-22. Change in TRI Releases to Air/Water/Land for Carcinogens with Largest 1993 Air, Water, and Land
Releases, 1988-1993.
CAS
Numberฎ
75-09-2
100-42-5
67-66-3
50-00-0
127-18-4
71-43-2
75-07-0
7439-92-1
106-99-0
107-06-2
56-23-5
7440-47-3
107-13-1
8001-58-9
75-21-8
75-56-9
75-01-4
123-91-1
7440-02-0
117-81-7
1332-21-4
106-89-8
106-46-7
7440-38-2
Chemical
Dichloromethane
Styrene
Chloroform
Formaldehyde
Tetrachloroethylene
Benzene
Acetaldehyde
Lead
1,3-Butadiene
Nickel compounds
1 ,2-Dichloroethane
Carbon tetrachloride
Chromium
Acrylonitrile
Creosoteฉ
Ethylene oxide
Propylene oxide
Vinyl chloride
1,4-Dioxane
Nickel
Di-(2-ethylhexyl)
phthalate
Asbestos (friable)
Epichlorohydrin
1 ,4-Dichlorobenzene
Arsenic
Total Air/Water/Land Releases
1988
Pounds
129,458,485
33,818,239
27,133,694
13,589,244
36,188,304
32,090,277
7,064,535
7,839,393
7,532,529
2,813,963
4,653,872
3,809,039
9,918,565
4,217,126
NA
4,731,285
3,750,316
1,445,229
827,655
1,765,536
1,240,314
2,171,075
714,548
1,898,872
190,236
1991
Pounds
80,892,374
29,525,016
20,050,248
11,491,735
16,916,003
17,899,610
7,370,545
3,788,617
3,966,489
1,605,847
4,117,838
1,552,870
1,622,765
2,206,718
1,768,713
1,863,548
1,495,796
1,052,560
1,065,348
955,775
1,325,602
559,470
468,281
346,820
1,743,023
1992
Pounds
74,604,989
31,321,993
17,705,298
11,756,868
12,510,045
13,191,870
6,516,428
2,545,365
3,865,500
1,523,674
3,227,325
1,394,855
1,444,109
1,612,525
1,373,497
1,311,611
1,350,853
1,117,164
1,135,109
3,189,293
999,825
247,291
527,473
340,589
1,806,693
1993
Pounds
64,454,387
32,776,445
14,292,980
12,207,744
11,570,197
10,845,433
6,543,215
4,056,624
3,282,261
3,099,677
2,311,986
2,230,441
1,605,358
1,403,630
1,161,696
1,161,078
1,136,483
1,014,245
914,149
787,935
672,945
546,421
390,130
360,268
346,894
1988-1993
Pounds
-65,004,098
-1,041,794
-12,840,714
-1,381,500
-24,618,107
-21,244,844
-521,320
-3,782,769
-4,250,268
285,714
-2,341,886
-1,578,598
-8,313,207
-2,813,496
1,161,696
-3,570,207
-2,613,833
-430,984
86,494
-977,601
-567,369
-1,624,654
-324.418
-1,538,604
156,658
Change
Percent
-50.2
-3.1
-47.3
-10.2
-68.0
-66.2
-7.4
-48.3
-56.4
10.2
-50.3
-41.4
-83.8
-66.7
-75.5
-69.7
-29.8
10.5
-55.4
-45.7
-74.8
-45.4
-81.0
82.3
Compounds categories do not have CAS numbers ().
NA: Creosote was not reportable until 1990.
213
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23. Releases and Transfers of TRI Chemicals Reported, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).ฎ
CAS
Numberฎ
75-07-0
60-35-5
67-64-1
75-05-8
107-02-8
79-06-1
79-10-7
107-13-1
107-05-1
7429-90-5
60-09-3
92-67-1
7664-41-7
Chemical
Acetaldehyde
Acetamide
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Acrolein
Acrylamide
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Allyl chloride
Aluminum (fume or dust)
4-Aminoazobenzene
4-Aminobiphenyl
Ammonia
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Forms
Number
103
87
92
64
4
4
4
1
2,511
2,578
2,708
2,768
78
73
81
67
15
17
17
12
77
72
76
59
184
178
183
158
118
115
117
113
19
19
20
20
285
316
314
357
1
3,096
3,187
3,284
2,937
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
1,692,021
1,961,616
2,368,247
2,576,338
7
3
10
0
69,220,768
63,380,693
78,749,489
98,874,916
723,924
732,913
744,754
1,408,588
10,744
12,775
8,179
17,352
24,241
24,347
20,806
17,298
339,715
284,227
195,007
585,041
344,718
335,086
520,825
1,006,698
75,867
96,328
155,176
93,811
286,116
495,573
533,708
1,226,731
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
35,439,303
38,931,120
47,569,026
54,919,991
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
4,815,116
4,494,285
4,901,330
4,209,010
8
17
25
0
55,931,694
71,943,961
77,603,417
110,743,291
336,272
394,362
624,183
786.151
12,022
12,830
20,321
16,300
4,317
4,179
3,497
8,721
257,536
264,012
178,113
215,005
1,048,900
1,267,885
1,670,640
3,201,787
30,573
25,306
24,977
55,558
2,085,587
2,010,080
1,691,933
2,457,917
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
10
102,617,862
123,326,800
142,101,338
199,759,274
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
35,127
60,238
63,064
84,236
1
1
5
0
990,315
991,494
1,164,834
1,125,469
15,283
48,976
21,991
42,223
0
0
7
0
2,261
10,324
4,635
3,124
1,528
19,147
712
16,646
3,078
1,483
1,960
6,491
0
5
5
430
36,376
82,140
56,841
91,518
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
35,938,643
42,774,032
42,567,854
25,498,527
Underground
Injection
Pounds
2,623,334
1,905,859
2,328,187
2,219,105
1,089,000
100,800
0
0
3,250,160
3,180,700
3,463,348
3,117,741
15,707,895
20,111,640
19,090,831
16,739,010
102,335
113,680
205,898
68,950
4,010,509
4,188,680
4,594.900
2,198,000
3,507,000
4,484,000
18,923,000
22,262,010
3.823,381
3,861,550
4,732,983
4,562,713
0
833
145
250
11
250
0
250
370
250
440
537
3
3
4
4
168,725,501
251,783,103
240,682,878
55,720,094
Releases
to Land
Pounds
951
289
37,904
194,951
0
0
0
0
472,427
556,827
413,116
377,418
18
29
5,620
1,790
0
0
0
500
168
963
1,500
756
125
407
94
15,950
6,934
8,071
13,293
2,150
2
0
0
200
919,519
1,167,093
1,420,310
3,177,625
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10,144,184
9,062,082
14,716,164
14,125,710
Total
Releases
Pounds
9,166,549
8,422,287
9,698,732
9,283,640
1,089,016
100,821
40
0
129,865,364
140,053,675
161,394,204
214,238,835
16,783,392
21,287,920
20,487,379
18,977,762
125,101
139,285
234,405
103,102
4,041,496
4,228,493
4,625,338
2,227,899
4,105,904
5,051,793
19,296,926
23,094,652
5,227,011
5,474,075
6,939,701
8,779,839
106,442
122,472
180,303
150,249
3,327,609
3,755,136
3,702,792
6,954,041
371
251
441
537
3
3
4
14
352,865,493
465,877,137
487,637,260
350,023,596
214
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23.
Chemical
Acetaldehyde
Acetamide
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Acrolein
Acrylamide
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Allyl chloride
Aluminum (fume or dust)
4-Aminoazobenzene
4-Aminobiphenyl
Ammonia
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
to Recyclingฎ
Pounds
8,600
9,750
12,300
NA
0
0
0
NA
16,307,782
17,112,575
18,326,442
NA
1,934,210
3,010,317
5,224,305
NA
0
0
0
NA
171
171
138
NA
62,354
5,899
6,690
NA
0
0
16,540
NA
0
0
0
NA
68,565,992
19,778,717
9,701,563
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
9,822,551
8,483,962
7,295,351
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recoveryฎ
Pounds
226,932
170,728
128,185
NA
0
0
0
NA
51,430,246
42,352,662
40,167,783
NA
5,648,422
4,496,042
2,507,956
NA
8,152
4,316
10,681
NA
57,337
123,891
1,019
NA
7,922,205
4,198,882
5,010,030
NA
784,832
1,508,156
81,902
NA
8,121
31,300
33,000
NA
178,718
174,247
310
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
30,349
106,891
100,788
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
212,800
270,925
250,717
161,761
889
421
2,638
0
11,805,568
19,741,373
13,445,485
25,643,428
4,487,047
2,933,360
2,540,160
3,772,221
8
255
13
250
78,461
48,955
35,253
14,458
243,914
200,466
349,226
108,914
769,225
822,778
2,034.833
935,641
459,481
380,035
302,388
208,328
96,722
1,742,539
423,776
2,457,125
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6,452,196
6,587,273
6,879,332
2,970,509
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
270,561
157,031
164,583
160,438
0
0
29,000
0
8,298,215
9,437,522
14,008,590
14,104,727
471,530
477,782
581,095
600,450
0
0
0
250
85,857
88,139
95,578
13,540
37,546
37,927
47,444
23,262
201,949
224,271
297,197
955,739
14
9
11,754
14,900
7,123
13,691
13,271
15,217
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
72,597,087
73,255,908
75,768,562
27,217,244
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
1,211
549
1,043
25,162
0
0
0
250
533,984
610,784
531,827
5,555,518
156,291
37,041
150,672
416,333
0
0
3
0
6,623
37,288
9,175
97,582
40,274
29,659
63,956
134,139
15,285
26,153
21,244
162,349
149
166
240
747
6,890,687
3,519,425
5,974,554
14,368,041
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
12,977,756
4,008,517
5,215,250
3,427,503
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
27,452
159,385
106,480
3,080,973
0
0
0
214,260
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
47
0
0
0
0
140
0
0
0
0
0
0
255
27,678
3,963
12,756
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
750
1,040,011
102,730
273,436
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
720,104
608,983
556,828
NA
889
421
31,638
NA
88,403,247
89,414,301
86,586,607
NA
12,697,500
10,954,542
11,004,188
NA
8,160
4,571
10,697
NA
228,449
298,444
141,163
NA
8,306,340
4,472,833
5,477,346
NA
1,771,291
2,581,498
2,451,716
NA
467,765
411,510
347,382
NA
75,739,497
25,256,297
16,117,437
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
101,880,689
93,482,562
95,362,013
NA
215
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23. Releases and Transfers of TRI Chemicals Reported, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).ฎ
Continued.
CAS
Number^)
6484-52-2
7783-20-2
62-53-3
90-04-0
104-94-9
120-12-7
7440-36-0
7440-38-2
1332-21-4
7440-39-3
Chemical
Ammonium nitrate
(solution)
Ammonium sulfate
(solution)
Aniline
o-Anisidine
p-Anisidine
Anthracene
Antimony
Antimony compounds
Arsenic
Arsenic compounds
Asbestos (friable)
Barium
Barium compounds
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Forms
Number
219
223
230
217
248
274
299
396
72
74
72
68
7
8
7
6
2
3
3
2
81
85
90
138
134
119
124
152
503
516
487
267
100
41
55
78
306
361
365
271
94
100
100
144
65
66
87
143
990
1,021
1,018
624
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
178,946
60,599
57,715
419,038
12,029
123,880
19,639
313,237
232,358
181,632
130,517
323,900
865
405
765
501
5
5
5
0
21,733
20,096
25,278
146,192
3,529
4,994
3,964
10,789
33,011
91,207
33,061
58,941
2,492
1,217
3.836
2,608
8,845
10,688
25,099
43,461
3,899
5,279
5,610
11,043
68,179
61,958
94,600
174,401
242,514
237,249
256,825
152,891
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
1,099,038
1,273,889
1,707,759
2,527,869
82,386
111,020
265,457
482,350
196,005
227,372
496,659
388,869
12
16
260
1,792
7
6
8
10
48,887
46,871
44,716
55,952
15,732
16,779
17,302
59,127
55,372
123,766
57,449
106,587
31,496
4,439
3,734
5,079
84,494
127,132
165,363
223,791
4,484
5,862
7,202
37,453
31,880
32,286
21,801
92,410
406,128
405,105
636,863
872,529
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
7,386,387
6,779,287
7,831,036
8,436,598
3,872,980
5,132,828
8,296,454
71,840,865
4,588
16,261
26,801
16,105
81
107
187
285
5
5
5
250
589
1,034
1,158
4,382
10,074
7,879
1,223
11,114
27,324
45,488
45,679
31,178
1,643
1,236
940
1,282
5,756
6,602
4,611
6,243
255
250
252
10,699
5,259
5,514
5,093
18,650
73,311
121,687
101,843
99,428
Underground
Injection
Pounds
35,211,208
37,531,805
32,736,428
67,941,000
6,189,894
5,705,957
7,523,816
520,144,631
1,365,557
1,195,676
1,603.259
3,582,975
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
120
2,100
3,707
3,773
6,509
9,200
0
0
0
0
52,000
33,000
23,000
27,400
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,491
1,251
408
2,773
Releases
to Land
Pounds
6,457,512
2,625,843
8,454,272
15,896,454
2,184,322
1,834,450
2,180,675
13,422,824
1,381
1,173
1,068
12,822
116
2,167
3,800
250
5
0
0
250
7,150
3,070
2,374
10,856
81,779
10,246
5,745
903,916
878,961
1,201,003
1,520,871
1,935,018
311,263
1,799,801
1,734,513
181,267
2,250,594
2,452,141
2,690,486
4,946,434
537,783
235,900
546,406
2,111,880
291,141
232,547
261,028
6,721,686
2,610,562
4,938,922
4,430,206
5,651,655
Total
Releases
Pounds
50,333,091
48,271,423
50,787,210
95,220,959
12,341,611
12,908,135
18,286,041
606,203,907
1,799,889
1,622,114
2,258,304
4,324,671
1,074
2,695
5,012
2,828
22
16
18
510
78,359
71,071
73,526
217,382
111,114
39,898
28,354
987,046
998,375
1,465,237
1,663,569
2,140,924
346,894
1,806,693
1,743,023
190,236
2,401,689
2,629,563
2,908,559
5,247,329
546,421
247,291
559,470
2,171,075
396,459
332,305
382,522
7,007,147
3,335,006
5,704,214
5,426,145
6,779,276
216
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23, Cont.
Chemical
Ammonium nitrate
(solution)
Ammonium sulfate
(solution)
Aniline
o-Anisidine
p-Anisidine
Anthracene
Antimony
Antimony compounds
Arsenic
Arsenic compounds
Asbestos (friable)
Barium
Barium compounds
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
to Recyclingฎ
Pounds
603,690
250
740,250
NA
1,415,800
383,870
400,000
NA
3,400
5
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
9,151
0
100
NA
4,021,535
2,055,778
926,915
NA
1,971,564
5,698,739
1,963,745
NA
266,124
17,175
152,623
NA
305,484
2,610,435
951,202
NA
0
0
0
NA
45,113
31,316
42,491
NA
1,549,902
846,379
927,689
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recoveryฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
931,875
942,577
1,632,669
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
139,833
394,934
398,793
NA
1,932
1,325
1,997
NA
33,443
11,509
75,810
NA
25
5
18
NA
8
0
250
NA
0
0
0
NA
90
4,516
4,603
NA
216,268
163,365
218,909
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
33,294
70,170
557,468
671,001
5,076,407
3,311,004
6,590,092
3,130,312
540,052
501,482
383,469
468,311
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
20,603
150,337
25,292
73,023
4,962
53,993
11,997
22,979
277,170
20,576,518
174,438
138,456
85,479
133,828
160,462
1,020
659,663
3,996,470
391,956
11,887
94,250
250
33,790
170,934
3,116
15,634
70,296
89,045
2,606,833
1,659,258
2,427,195
820,370
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
4,767,098
6,856,667
5,984,649
7,678,062
31,195,284
92,436,755
47,422,158
187,983,379
1,483,800
1,130,509
1,306,755
2,106,510
0
6,811
3,395
768
2
15
8
0
609
598
597
20,419
31,194
11,617
3,228
40,228
67,774
85,094
88,527
67,108
353
457
566
1,928
683
899
1,389
3,126
757
783
1,707
68,148
4,528
4,247
85,776
205,209
342,594
498,952
2,042,058
823,073
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
2,867,117
2,394,025
2,457,767
1,539,188
2,901,806
7,577,232
498,422
1,534,654
400,262
671,195
71,241
346,206
0
7
71
3
0
0
0
0
66,249
504,548
96,353
204,665
209,724
201,035
516,166
568,925
2,762,291
2,362,725
1,752,733
2,181,668
134,851
43,298
464,151
62,664
2,728,552
1,640,990
1,175,945
1,403,040
5,294,318
6,999,482
5,024,698
11,855,457
394,093
669,993
557,966
1,663,835
10,569,706
16,017,935
16,525,459
16,301,390
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
1,670
0
991
33,971
2,300
0
0
2,442
16,050
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
1,250
0
2,021
12,350
500
254
664
1,621
1,450
0
0
0
35
250
28,376
157
9,323
0
0
0
1,010,000
0
0
2,400
10,412
250
1,014,069
30,134
290,982
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
8,271,199
9,321,112
9,740,134
NA
40,589,297
103,709,852
54,944,643
NA
3,359,389
3,245,768
3,396,576
NA
0
6,818
3,476
NA
2
15
8
NA
236,445
1,050,667
521,135
NA
4,269,347
2,325,769
1,472,653
NA
5,112,496
28,735,249
4,056,874
NA
486,832
194,763
777,820
NA
3,694,640
8,277,170
2,520,899
NA
5,389,325
7,000,515
5,060,195
NA
446,940
725,706
763,532
NA
15,285,553
20,199,958
22,171,444
NA
217
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23. Releases and Transfers of TRI Chemicals Reported, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).ฎ
Continued.
CAS
Numberฎ
98-87-3
55-21-0
71-43-2
92-87-5
98-07-7
98-88-4
94-36-0
100-44-7
7440-41-7
92-52-4
111-44-4
542-88-1
Chemical
Benzal chloride
Benzamide
Benzene
Benzidine
Benzoic trichloride
Benzoyl chloride
Benzoyl peroxide
Benzyl chloride
Beryllium
Beryllium compounds
Biphenyl
Bis(2-chloroethyl)
ether
Bis(chloromethyl) ether
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Forms
Number
3
3
3
3
No
No
No
1
469
474
486
481
1
No
No
No
3
4
5
4
19
19
23
22
57
61
61
50
48
50
50
51
9
8
8
12
8
6
4
6
146
156
164
180
12
12
12
8
2
3
3
2
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
322
956
1,550
5,252
Reports Receivec
Reports Receivec
Reports Received
250
6,712,433
7.790,380
9,764,018
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
11
17
11
6
250
4.086,692
5,036,035
7,996,689
20,468,541 11,446,838
16
Reports Receivec
Reports Received
Reports Receivec
5,907
5,851
7,686
24,542
11,339
11,738
23,446
28,295
744
837
648
4,063
14,196
25,008
18,189
30.689
3
1
6
550
2
0
1
1
614,887
667,765
682,014
630,991
12,783
2,673
2,950
4,322
5
3
2
1
0
228
228
261
421
2,147
1,900
3,420
4,719
1.250
1,827
1,656
2,231
6,933
10,099
8,934
12,640
900
1,867
1,372
2,213
361
511
241
861
137,550
145,877
189,929
579,701
408
514
594
600
250
306
572
0
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
0
0
0
0
250
18,793
24,819
26.970
46,983
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
5
0
5
5
5
0
41
15
15
640
24
39
101
74
4
5
9
17
4,673
9,703
18,704
88,197
6
5
0
1,351
0
0
0
0
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
250
363,660
355,683
824,342
825,035
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
130,000
0
0
0
5,350
35
50
20
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
46,966
49,127
47,318
82,760
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
27,515
340,636
111,933
127,915
0
0
0
0
0
11
0
250
250
2,070
6,200
13,205
36,050
61
43
0
500
14,594
21,358
29,023
37,000
8,087
48,000
30,000
12,000
6,803
4,622
29,912
222,297
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
Releases
Pounds
333
973
1,561
5,258
1,000
11,209,093
13,547,553
18,723,952
32,915,312
16
6,135
6,079
7,947
24,963
13,497
13,643
27,121
163,264
4,069
8,869
15,514
47,694
21,266
35,215
27,158
44,469
15,521
23,265
30,502
39,837
8,454
48,516
30,251
12,879
810,879
877,094
967,877
1,603,946
13,197
3,192
3,544
6,273
255
309
574
1
218
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23, Cont.
Chemical
Benzal chloride
Benzamide
Benzene
Benzidine
Benzoic trichloride
Benzoyl chloride
Benzoyl peroxide
Benzyl chloride
Beryllium
Beryllium compounds
Biphenyl
Bis(2-chloroethyl)
ether
Bis(chloromethyl) ether
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
to Recyclingฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
No
No
No
NA
1,101,028
421,221
353,207
NA
0
No
No
No
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
5,050
6,400
11,000
NA
0
0
0
NA
121,104
7,282
77,731
NA
31,655
18,485
7,135
NA
134,519
421,966
179,826
NA
170,97!
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
Transfers
to Energy Transfers to
Recoveryฎ Treatment
Pounds Pounds
44,000
34,000
35,000
NA
Reports Received
Reports Received
Reports Received
NA
1,094,354
0
4,343
0
95,878
0
1,764,985
2,323,983 2,233,359
3,675,285
NA
0
Reports Received
Reports Received
Reports Received
0
0
0
NA
4,906
0
18,421
NA
2,842
2,422
911
NA
310,991
260,011
200,005
NA
0
0
10
NA
0
0
0
NA
354,373
412,944
321,354
NA
100
140
350
NA
0
0
0
NA
1,654,752
1,891,649
0
0
251
0
0
12,795
956,298
385,832
493,270
358,570
9,141
16,834
62,192
38,600
485
38,381
73,051
89,160
539
743
245
3
883
438
1,081
1,391
159,788
226,022
184,796
252,521
10,381
57,031
447,600
27,265
0
0
0
0
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
308,621
418,050
615,849
1,166,722
0
0
0
0
0
400
175
230
180
19,504
38,327
17,192
69,946
11,106
25,331
28,749
41,553
0
0
0
4
0
250
0
3
794,830
1,006,751
866,278
1,446,614
7,089
10,949
15,841
9,621
0
0
0
0
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
0
0
0
7,308
750
90,863
93,583
141,169
396,880
0
0
0
0
9,777
250
0
0
2,399
11,966
9,337
5,860
23,954
210
220
205
9,687
4,619
14,094
117,582
3,155
2,359
4,050
1,800
7,150
31,969
32,822
43,714
227,492
180
3
0
0
2
1
2
0
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
931,612
385
7,430
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
300
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
44,000
38,343
35,000
NA
NA
4,359,851
6,421,808
6,440,647
3,462,681
0
251
0
0
NA
961,854
386,007
511,921
NA
48,503
73,320
97,155
NA
322,792
323,943
302,010
NA
126,262
22.119
195,568
NA
34,897
23,223
10,016
NA
1,475,479
2,100,505
1,596,268
NA
188,721
68,123
463,791
NA
2
1
2
NA
219
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23. Releases and Transfers of TRI Chemicals Reported, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).ฉ
Continued.
CAS
Numberฉ
108-60-1
103-23-1
75-25-2
74-83-9
106-99-0
141-32-2
71-36-3
78-92-2
75-65-0
85-68-7
106-88-7
123-72-8
569-64-2
Chemical
Bis(2-chloro- 1 -methyl-
ethyl)ether
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)
adipate
Bromoform
Bromomethane
1,3-Butadiene
Butyl acrylate
n-Butyl alcohol
sec-Butyl alcohol
tert-Butyl alcohol
Butyl benzyl phthalate
1,2-Butylene oxide
Butyraldehyde
C.I. Basic Green 4
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Forms
Number
2
2
2
2
142
122
117
73
No
1
3
2
50
49
50
35
175
182
182
157
167
164
162
167
1,152
1,182
1,173
1,104
110
120
122
92
68
75
73
54
176
181
179
141
15
18
23
18
30
26
20
25
3
6
5
6
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
2,670
8,000
9,700
7,944
149,425
80,321
76,445
25,789
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
2,886
1,430
1,520
15
294,018
180,947
80,421
66.788
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
3,000
1,900
1,800
30,000
887
1,628
90
10,440
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
84
0
0
0
183,541
107,291
81,715
1,200
Reports Received
11,120
150
0
641,088
528,321
448,440
416,777
2,219,657
2,229,782
2,055,887
4,056,939
158,778
184,349
152,313
165,197
6,792,330
7,272,639
7,365,365
8,912,292
209,498
211,057
233,537
400,126
1,207,843
1,246,893
763,404
1,207,440
89,830
151,970
109,589
45,407
14,297
59,828
48,928
34,973
170,227
214,563
145,671
681,504
0
5
6
500
5
0
0
2,538,074
2,485,671
2,602,625
2,356,018
1,054,659
1,633,982
1,896,672
2,945,269
160,384
158,966
141,433
246,676
22,002,423
22,742,111
23,204,477
28,644,291
492,870
461,573
409,813
697,037
435,984
427,449
424,303
366,697
266,510
188,807
195,276
245,853
6,019
15,024
10,836
64,958
168,053
283,946
251,829
1,506,288
5
5
6
250
0
0
8,600
760
390
0
0
7,595
1,364
5,049
522,504
774
2,261
1,273
3,528
57,472
35,429
257,717
127,860
4,724
15,705
4,486
122,291
174,289
147,629
130,806
14,989
657
961
1,177
802
26
5,773
3,490
3,500
559
470
575
3,812
0
40
14
0
4,500
1,900
0
1,100
1,000
1,000
1,546
1,000
1,000
0
1,500
0
0
0
10
1,942,044
2,324,731
4,382,276
1,706,660
0
25,450
170,000
0
305,700
640,123
827,562
674,798
83
0
0
480
0
0
0
0
189,447
128,051
144,427
1,997
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
350
372
8,881
7,817
52
834
55
602
17,057
57,220
83,111
175,459
9
762
14
2,600
349
14
497
818
2,938
6,109
75,866
16,682
0
0
5
250
8,606
256
28
31
0
0
0
0
Total
Releases
Pounds
8,640
11,330
13,020
37,959
627,871
370,187
238,671
104,217
15,625
2,050
8,600
3,181,022
3,015,382
3,052,065
2,774,341
3,283,261
3,866,500
3,966,489
7,534,029
319,988
346,410
295,074
416,013
30,811,326
32,432,130
35,292,946
39,566,562
707,101
714,547
817,850
1,222,054
2,124,165
2,462,108
2,146,572
2,264,742
360,018
347,847
381,908
309,224
20,342
80,625
63,259
103,681
536,892
627,286
542,530
2,193,632
5
50
26
750
220
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23, Cont.
Chemical
Bis(2-chloro- 1 -methy 1-
ethyl)ether
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)
adipate
Bromoform
Bromomethane
1,3-Butadiene
Butyl acrylate
n-Butyl alcohol
sec-Butyl alcohol
ten-Butyl alcohol
Butyl benzyl phthalate
1,2-Butylene oxide
Butyraldehyde
C.I. Basic Green 4
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
to Recyclingฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
164,476
135,434
16,709
NA
No
0
0
NA
0
0
121,000
NA
7,473,983
18,386,640
877,090
NA
67,843
12,572
114,618
NA
2,231,523
2,555,470
2,929,991
NA
62,960
3,025
25,317
NA
18,324
3,058
0
NA
156,548
58,054
99,372
NA
0
0
10
NA
450
5,850
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery(J)
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
164,269
274,379
107,088
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
0
0
0
0
18,125
23,538
97,926
97,289
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
0
0
0
0
12,413
20,456
22,465
49,659
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
0
0
0
0
528,190
290,126
211,468
79,800
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
29,617
Reports Received
0
0
NA
3,300
3,500
420
NA
6,574
177,839
377,354
NA
77,856
34,905
125,830
NA
9,165,824
8,118,436
6,741,623
NA
5,305,314
4,844,222
3,904,139
NA
30,784,513
27,916,993
26,207,749
NA
1 14,767
133,724
126,638
NA
373,210
354,320
326,019
NA
479,072
3,839
911
NA
0
0
0
NA
6,400
250
0
500
255
320
0
102,713
194,778
124,385
178,855
80,493
59,628
38,736
585,394
1,766,836
2,961,183
3,350,347
6,840,899
37,466
100,138
27,216
74,574
649,218
353,220
326,204
328,523
193,712
245,537
151,125
337,119
16
0
907
250
7,079
3,804
2,083
6,197
499
499
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8,439
20,583
11,650
44,874
114,605
190,144
138,351
34,604
1,519,267
2,070,978
2,086,131
4,524,613
45,684
11,880
14,464
41,108
1,075,164
2,040,472
1,340,027
1,539,726
17,171
27,237
40,829
44,235
0
6,059
5
0
132,237
250,480
260,475
371,633
83
3,006
18,132
1,320
195,005
99,300
0
5
250
15
0
4,893
7,666
4,602
185,398
69,966
23,350
15,098
18,766
314,789
501,385
296,197
924,519
155,290
6,662
1,723
21,351
274,832
63,908
788,849
56,502
1,972,538
409,326
320,803
726,946
0
0
0
898
1,716
11
388
117,741
0
3,025
1,995
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,934
0
0
0
525
24,501
48,427
30,083
424,570
0
0
0
134,802
0
0
0
110,250
0
0
0
6,230
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
499
0
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
887,473
743,933
455,656
NA
201,405
99,550
NA
3,805
4,005
121,755
NA
7,596,602
18,787,506
1,395,081
NA
410,763
320,599
432,633
NA
15,022,740
16,255,879
15,434,372
NA
5,606,714
4,965,927
3,972,859
NA
32,802,051
30,377,651
28,662,829
NA
2,454,736
873,878
738,767
NA
373,226
360,379
326,941
NA
620,554
263,984
263,857
NA
582
6,530
20,626
NA
221
-------
C/iapter 3 year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23. Releases and Transfers of TRI Chemicals Reported, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).ฉ
Continued.
CAS
Numberฎ
989-38-8
2832-40-8
81-88-9
97-56-3
842-07-9
7440-43-9
_
156-62-7
133-06-2
63-25-2
75-15-0
56-23-5
463-58-1
Chemical
C.I. Basic Red 1
C.I. Disperse Yellow 3
C.I. Food Red 15
C.I. Solvent Yellow 3
C.I. Solvent Yellow 14
Cadmium
Cadmium compounds
Calcium cyanamide
Captan
Carbaryl
Carbon disulfide
Carbon tetrachloride
Carbonyl sulfide
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Fugitive or Stack or
Nonpoint Air Point Air
Forms Emissions Emissions
Number Pounds Pounds
200
1 0 0
1 0 0
No Reports Received
2 399 0
3 428 0
2 336 0
1 398 0
2 0 1
302
4 0 1
2 250 0
1 0 0
No Reports Received
205
1 250 0
No Reports Received
1 0 0
No Reports Received
200
52 2,031 13,259
55 2,295 6,461
62 1,612 2,841
90 9,300 13.130
125 7,443 39,401
131 11,344 48,971
155 16,067 51,479
116 23,099 77,163
605
6 8,000 405
6 12,000 625
2 12,000 600
16 1,896 4,775
20 1,647 5,189
22 1,883 5.233
18 4,066 10,803
22 3,024 5,947
22 2,525 7,172
26 2,022 4,825
23 2,515 5,408
81 3,333,231 89,974,108
87 2,668,187 90,241,575
91 2,659,520 86,862,215
89 3,139,255 120,974,449
74 585,481 1,643,428
90 418,493 973,585
102 528,622 1,019,252
96 1,084,552 2,694,101
37 8,998 12,780,099
38 4,460 18,032,606
36 5,627 21,445,281
36 7,643 24,981,879
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
0
0
0
28
23
26
302
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
412
638
661
2,598
652
780
3,581
1,799
0
0
0
0
5
10
260
750
15
15
260
877
34,169
45,087
58,634
39,501
1,453
2,444
2,844
15,627
0
0
0
750
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
977
1,211
1,540
2,409
0
0
0
0
0
5,000
4,500
5,100
0
0
0
0
2,805
2,704
2,835
13,400
34,332
45,984
42,470
98,054
0
0
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
0
0
375
9,199
780
782
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
56,665
11,739
2,753
94,602
66,699
65,407
248,354
295,127
5
30,005
40,005
66,000
5
10
260
1,000
265
265
1,170
500
8
21
260
43,436
79
333
2,152
14,759
0
0
0
0
Total
Releases
Pounds
0
0
375
9,626
1,231
1,144
700
1
2
1
250
0
5
250
0
0
72,367
21,133
7,867
119,630
115,172
127,713
321,021
399,597
10
38.410
52,630
78,600
6,681
11,856
12,136
21,719
9,251
9,977
8,277
9,300
93,344,321
92,957,574
89,583,464
124,210,041
2,264,773
1,440,839
1,595,340
3,907,093
12,789,097
18,037,066
21,450,908
24,990,272
222
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23, Cont.
Chemical
C.I. Basic Red 1
C.I. Disperse Yellow 3
C.I. Food Red 15
C.I. Solvent Yellow 3
C.I. Solvent Yellow 14
Cadmium
Cadmium compounds
Calcium cyanamide
Captan
Carbaryl
Carbon disulfide
Carbon tetrachlonde
Carbonyl sulfide
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
to Recyclingฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
No
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
No
0
NA
No
0
No
NA
709,561
227,783
126,608
NA
1,471,988
1,819,291
2,136,760
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
5,098
0
33,804
NA
111,626
345,452
390,625
NA
0
0
0
NA
Transfers
to Energy Transfers to
Recoveryฎ Treatment
Pounds Pounds
230
309
271
Reports Received
0
0
0
NA
0
0
5
NA
0
Reports Received
0
NA
Reports Received
0
Reports Received
NA
0
0
813
NA
1,142
3,302
6,667
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
248,766
209,574
436,590
NA
4,109
24,455
11,061
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
34,162
76,146
68,398
83,296
157,551
433,362
293,424
86,534
0
0
0
0
6,184
4,095
3,755
511
18,834
10,777
9,937
27,582
64,510
16,535
69,728
154,315
920,808
839,388
939,479
,300,058
0
0
0
0
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
24
0
0
3,150
755
0
0
1,100
1,700
1,400
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,156
2,502
3,099
7,894
2,788
43,292
5,460
13,719
0
0
0
0
29
255
255
250
1
0
0
171
226,215
193,442
193,658
159,369
1,675
1,054
621
5,014
0
0
0
0
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
670
382
375
1,658
286
125
899
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
42,434
101,049
560,518
131,879
3,138,540
279,798
355,591
982,418
0
0
0
0
2,436
5,087
12,748
12,434
16,031
30,268
6,032
6,198
1,329
1,718
3,746
58,473
121,363
11,955
39,111
49,703
0
0
0
0
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
107
4,804
2,441
0
11,527
36,801
500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
750
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,684
250
0
0
0
0
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
924
691
646
4,808
1,041
125
NA
1,100
1,700
1,405
NA
0
10
NA
0
NA
788,313
407,587
764,240
NA
4,772,009
2,590,572
2,834,703
NA
0
0
0
NA
8,649
9,437
16,758
NA
34,866
41,045
15,969
NA
545,918
421,269
737,526
NA
1,159,581
1,222,304
1,382,581
NA
0
0
0
NA
223
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23. Releases and Transfers of TRI Chemicals Reported, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).ฉ
Continued.
CAS
Numberฉ
120-80-9
133-90-4
57-74-9
7782-50-5
10049-04-4
79-11-8
532-27-4
108-90-7
75-00-3
67-66-3
74-87-3
107-30-2
Chemical
Catechol
Chloramben
Chlordane
Chlorine
Chlorine dioxide
Chloroacetic acid
2-Chloroacetophenone
Chlorobenzene
Chloroethane
Chloroform
Chloromethane
Chloromethyl methyl
ether
Chlorophenols
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Fugitive or Stack or
Nonpoint Air Point Air
Forms Emissions Emissions
Number Pounds Pounds
121 578 1,572
133 9,925 917
134 4,328 1,841
112 2,388 1,341
No Reports Received
No Reports Received
No Reports Received
1 250 1,168
1 51 0
2 1,713 0
3 1,248 179
2 2,695 3
1,504 1,284,028 74,126,080
1,540 1,642,302 68,660,181
1,635 1,728,400 74,859,972
1,797 4,701,596 129,402,766
132 27,090 1,537,027
129 60,495 3,013,566
129 146,158 3,792,614
122 1,277,546 12,076,241
29 5,788 767
31 10,778 1,024
36 60,745 446,920
37 21,660 5,159
No Reports Received
No Reports Received
1 1 1
No Reports Received
71 1,032,928 1,015,531
64 1, 124,324 1,188,651
65 1,225,868 1,281,273
66 2,032,791 2,343,096
53 1,237,605 1,441,896
50 1,533,378 1,224,260
49 1,397,212 1,466,057
49 2,148,225 2,555,010
175 4,488,694 9,319,998
180 6,023,765 10,998,651
183 7,729,012 11,534,369
170 7,618,276 18,315,290
94 1,217,748 4,095,061
94 1,337,712 4,334,805
94 1,443,508 4,283,723
80 3,431,108 8,315,962
4 20 2,221
3 35 1,186
3 30 3,305
4 33 3,000
6 1,964 7,942
9 3,226 6,057
10 3,368 968
9 2,154 419
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
52,798
219,164
238,390
399,638
250
15
1
1
4
675,121
967,241
763,535
6,615,540
251
761
13,760
2,350
8,719
3,199
1,696
850
0
3,511
20,799
5,165
98,354
2,231
1,957
16,078
27,448
451,362
654,314
764,712
1,131,584
59,565
41,750
115,318
115,985
5
10
0
0
34
290
782
272
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
3,507
0
0
0
0
0
0
4,262
120,758
48,252
72,551
107,624
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
71,000
72,000
177,032
84,457
110
210
300
1,510
38,039
50,240
65,089
36,002
93,947
86,709
192,600
165,250
0
0
0
0
106,436
133,204
229,798
71,554
Releases
to Land
Pounds
4,606
49,656
44,654
84,265
0
0
0
0
0
49,012
46,176
78,264
428,097
0
6
120
41,000
750
0
123,675
0
0
678
817
1,534
4,127
33
0
10
0
32,926
28,568
22,155
68,544
266
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
56
0
Total
Releases
Pounds
59,554
283,169
289,213
487,632
1,668
66
1,714
1,428
6,964
76,254,999
71,364,152
77,502,722
141,255,623
1,564,368
3,074,828
3,952,652
13,397,137
16,024
15,001
633,036
27,679
2
2,123,648
2,406,591
2,690,872
4,562,825
2,681,875
2,759,805
2,879,657
4,732,193
14,331,019
17,755,538
20,115,337
27,169,696
5,466,587
5,800,976
6,035,149
12,028,305
2,246
1,231
3,335
3,033
116,376
142,777
234,972
74,399
224
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
i ป w BI aa as
Table 3-23, Cont.
Chemical
Catechol
Chloramben
Chlordane
Chlorine
Chlorine dioxide
Chloroacetic acid
2-Chloroacetophenone
Chlorobenzene
Chloroethane
Chloroform
Chloromethane
Chloromethyl methyl
ether
Chlorophenols
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
Transfers to Energy Transfers to
to Recyclingฎ Recoveryฎ Treatment
Pounds Pounds Pounds
0 33,825 6,151
31 1,526 76,354
50 35,305 39,630
NA NA 14,744
No Reports Received
No Reports Received
No Reports Received
NA NA 0
0011
0 0 638
0 0 292
NA NA 74,170
1,413,177 10,514 318,102
714,632 23 228,440
621,626 5 402,410
NA NA 2,995,507
000
000
000
NA NA 0
0 400 1,026
0 0 502
0 0 4,490
NA NA 6,900
No Reports Received
No Reports Received
000
No Reports Received
1,401,667 643,725 2,612,970
845,468 849,084 3,733,223
854,720 869,603 3,769,914
NA NA 4,925,431
161,718 21,933 395,391
221,447 15,655 172,176
140,250 24,440 310,731
NA NA 430,600
435,332 69,463 1,821,397
1,417,848 765,445 918,504
2,077,870 255,288 1,755,827
NA NA 1,204,786
0 57,355 163,661
7,000 31,308 225,152
52,663 14,910 2,807,970
NA NA 45,292
000
000
000
NA NA 0
0 0 36,088
0 0 3,988
0 4,493 104,388
NA NA 1,970,910
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
64,122
154,358
237,081
245,399
0
51
86
69
23
866,133
864,198
940,797
3,141,077
880
1,083
14,783
2,650
1,433
1,792
3,279
10,727
0
8,558
22,055
15,346
578,774
255
10
5
0
603,115
553,650
803,997
1,226,573
3,442
84,895
73,961
54,223
0
0
0
0
279
580
1,330
2,650
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
841
29,092
37,401
89,474
1,159
0
0
0
0
15,866
30,705
57,594
1,003,531
0
0
0
41,750
793
1,080
1,954
2,506
0
4,965
51,985
105,184
117,624
0
1
0
32,260
73,348
41,510
134,212
144,771
1,446
1,323
3,061
59,140
70
70
35
0
751
250
0
2
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
6,639
0
0
39,020
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,565
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
3
20,365
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
104,939
261,361
349,467
NA
NA
62
724
361
NA
2,623.792
1,837,998
2,061,452
NA
880
1,083
14,783
NA
3,652
4,939
9,723
NA
0
4,671,885
5,501,815
5,614,767
NA
579,297
409,289
475,426
NA
3,002,655
3,696,960
5,027,197
NA
225,904
349,678
2,952,565
NA
70
70
35
NA
37,118
4,818
110,211
NA
225
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23. Releases and Transfers of TRI Chemicals Reported, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).ฉ
Continued.
CAS
Numberฉ
126-99-8
1897-45-6
7440-47-3
7440-48-4
7440-50-8
__
120-7S-8
1319-77-3
108-39-4
95-48-7
106-44-5
Chemical
Chloroprene
Chlorothalonil
Chromium
Chromium compounds
Cobalt
Cobalt compounds
Copper
Copper compounds
p-Cresidine
Cresol (mixed isomers)
m-Cresol
o-Cresol
p-Cresol
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Forms
Number
14
11
12
13
21
16
20
10
1,693
1,575
1,554
1,217
1,414
1,470
1,500
1,198
235
210
229
173
204
207
212
150
2,458
2.377
2,413
1,930
1,435
1,465
1,446
1,032
5
5
5
6
118
117
122
111
20
19
24
15
22
22
28
29
21
22
24
18
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
191,316
152,543
103,489
234,228
1,295
3,185
1,921
19,455
288,532
344,435
292,819
367,788
118,238
130,483
144.426
259,937
18,035
16,503
29,093
22,434
6,160
7,832
8,001
11,081
280,578
489,005
366,213
319,886
4,000,737
3,579,244
2,389,217
2,335,430
285
240
160
5,400
201,711
200,443
349,495
400,427
30,178
51,679
66,736
5,860
13,201
20,426
29,218
45,563
21,473
36,61 1
45,103
6,286
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
799,794
1,344,852
1,367,033
1,713,780
4,920
2,695
1,330
9,021
137,666
1 14,575
109,720
194,979
285,978
334,025
434,227
507,512
15,788
13,848
42,855
21,316
20,341
23,304
26,453
45,329
918,155
1,038,187
877,413
1,202,419
3,200,332
2,736,995
1,891,835
821,016
125
100
68
1,680
323,764
298,625
391,768
378,678
5,958
5,100
11,098
12,572
153,999
3,061
31,557
44,236
3,831
3,777
90,084
634,417
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
47
47
124
287
9
6
13
250
21,960
22,569
17,315
74,941
228,475
263,134
335,808
323,027
7,283
2,242
4,294
16,743
96,644
99,288
78,643
63,662
43,389
40,993
56,180
115,631
92,540
79,704
160,018
185,292
5
5
5
250
2,931
2,747
3,661
6,764
626
220
445
283
158
14
11
448
293
943
2,046
1,143
Underground Releases
Injection to Land
Pounds Pounds
29,000
54,000
71,000
68,792
0
0
0
0
269
333
531
2,249
42,493
32,137
34,603
52,653
0
500
0
0
2,375
18,420
19,949
18,500
22,927
16,736
14,011
15.651
228,924
201,431
224,560
165,957
0
0
0
0
903,402
614,578
749,531
1,804,060
520,000
450,000
560,000
0
560,000
490,000
550,000
1
262,000
232,900
252,200
152,000
3,018
1,811
137,011
0
250
12,250
0
0
1,157,200
962,530
1,202,911
9,280,857
22,675,748
23,194,379
24,757,811
30,934,406
15,843
6,500
13,706
213,204
107,786
166,724
126,301
39,210
1,475.614
12,747,956
15,443,500
10,466,175
40.082,409
34,490,286
41.829,665
29,683,607
85
255
250
750
1,431
1,097
2,528
4,762
0
0
10
455
122
3
4,860
1,667
24
1,513
3,259
62,291
Total
Releases
Pounds
1,023,175
1,553,253
1,678,657
2,017,087
6,474
18,136
3,264
28,726
1,605,627
1,444,442
1,623,296
9,920,814
23,350,932
23,954,158
25,706,875
32,077,535
56,949
39,593
89,948
273,697
233,306
315,568
259,347
177,782
2,740,663
14,332,877
16,757,317
12,119,762
47,604,942
41,087,660
46,495,295
33,191,302
500
600
483
8,080
1,433,239
1,117,490
1,496,983
2,594,691
556,762
506,999
638,289
19,170
727,480
513,504
615,646
91,915
287,621
275,744
392,692
856,137
226
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23, Cont.
Chemical
Chloroprene
Chlorothalonil
Chromium
Chromium compounds
Cobalt
Cobalt compounds
Copper
Copper compounds
p-Cresidine
Cresol (mixed isomers)
m-Cresol
o-Cresol
p-Cresol
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
to Recyclingฎ
Pounds
500,444
1,384,119
1,707,168
NA
625
1,100
0
NA
82,208,414
70,840,181
45,490,724
NA
41,866,804
28,334,099
23,301,531
NA
6,859,454
4,895,818
5,442,946
NA
2,022,301
1,446,723
1,591,861
NA
464,081,201
356,108,282
314,468,620
NA
120,508,266
107,892,612
98,501,639
NA
0
0
0
NA
155,838
38,462
107,081
NA
270,000
888
490
NA
0
0
258
NA
160,000
0
0
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recoveryฎ
Pounds
121,297
19,200
3,700
NA
0
0
653
NA
3,582
2,065
6,956
NA
27,479
87,900
116,978
NA
0
4,111
4
NA
517
11,289
2,812
NA
27,043
2,350
3,818
NA
59,283
119,463
42,455
NA
0
0
0
NA
383,627
329,156
256,262
NA
9,373
45,117
9,622
NA
7,205
28,607
4,342
NA
79,736
163,747
28,829
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
200,869
193,907
168,345
18,749
3,632
4,119
6,412
3,660
857,598
1,332,626
986,807
1,207,535
16,558,993
2,433,113
2,788,333
2,660,428
33,759
24,129
29,292
27,673
74,904
73,869
120,116
88,079
761,168
1,756,003
2,597,833
4,065,644
2,938,449
3,794,404
1,968,820
5,931,394
1,400
0
1
0
164,844
207,196
252,876
847,303
51,380
20,963
39,458
125,737
11,706
4,529
18,922
75,565
23,124
21,716
24,251
26,377
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
18,506
22,912
35,000
62,000
281
269
293
541
86,085
135,173
140,183
414,167
357,376
811,948
800,597
1,666,701
16,801
11,919
9,883
8,843
22,785
14,389
15,724
28,369
149,862
146,087
164,173
312,088
217,399
246,059
213,796
433,514
28,223
23,780
18,368
37,750
46,325
40,759
25,056
358,242
9,654
7,496
11,918
7,165
40,942
33,565
55,341
40,703
868,509
672,069
1,062,305
744,568
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
5,295
2,709
3,241
0
206,386
175,978
204,538
396,274
6,802,575
4,481,177
5,335,184
10,381,558
10,638,488
10,177,647
10,673,751
11,571,388
133,125
115,318
533,093
223,636
498,888
350,730
235,658
253,828
6,127,156
12,969,755
12,810,036
15,105,980
11,941,318
6,444,292
6,653,901
11,856,762
0
4,500
2,680
4,700
25,072
22,891
6,563
483,738
15,386
23,021
23,451
13,503
6,632
13,382
12,004
12,458
8,086
12,310
16.349
643
Other
Off-site
Transfersฉ
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
63,774
525,595
183,893
593,142
25,443
68,353
410,547
386,049
23,014
250
12
0
0
76
25
263
124,314
2,248,166
1,867,184
1,270,988
173,820
325,897
194,512
1,523,862
0
0
0
0
1,000
0
0
8,738
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,500
0
0
0
250
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
846,411
1,622,847
1,917,454
NA
210,924
181,466
211,896
NA
90,022,028
77,316,817
52,143,747
NA
69,474,583
41,913,060
38,091,737
NA
7,066,153
5,051,545
6,015,230
NA
2,619,395
1,897,076
1,966,196
NA
471,270,744
373,230,643
331,911,664
NA
135,838,535
118,822,727
107,575,123
NA
29,623
28,280
21,049
NA
776,706
638,464
647,838
NA
355,793
97,485
84,939
NA
66,485
80,083
90,867
NA
1.139,455
869,842
1.131,734
NA
227
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23. Releases and Transfers of TRI Chemicals Reported, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).ฎ
Continued.
CAS
Numberฉ
98-82-8
80-15-9
135-20-6
110-82-7
94-75-7
1163-19-5
615-05-4
39156-41-7
101-80-4
25376-45-8
95-80-7
132-64-9
Chemical
Cumene
Cumene hydroperoxide
Cupferron
Cyanide compounds
Cyclohexane
2,4-D (acetic acid)
Decabromodiphenyl oxide
2,4-DiammoanisoIe
2,4-Diammoanisole
sulfate
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl
ether
Diaminotoluene
(mixed isomers)
2,4- Diaminotoluene
Dibenzofuran
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Forms
Number
236
219
218
117
38
38
42
40
2
1
2
4
252
257
276
391
336
354
355
302
27
27
30
28
126
128
119
58
1
No
1
1
No
No
1
1
5
5
5
5
12
11
12
13
4
4
4
2
44
44
52
110
Fugitive or Stack or
Nonpoint Air Point Air
Emissions Emissions
Pounds Pounds
1,238,681
1,409,604
1,274,680
2,156,139
74,360
66,077
111,935
178,787
28
0
0
140
56,544
80,916
61,844
525,618
4,603,824
5,087,803
6,742,992
4,933,531
5,589
3,292
10,049
3,289
23,358
12,190
21,947
7,500
0
Reports Received
0
0
Reports Received
Reports Received
0
0
8
5
7
0
12,501
13,913
17,963
15,202
263
1,150
3,800
2,900
16,336
16,648
18,434
46,687
1,300,413
2,480,809
2,419,094
2,910,301
18,096
13,221
17,922
13,736
31
10
1,200
780
842,184
974,494
808,287
721.775
5,494,004
8,509,578
9,885,827
8,722,441
3,213
3,493
6,161
3,731
179,502
25,027
26,043
22,104
13
0
0
0
0
111
264
697
216
4,863
4,570
2,620
5,895
1,527
755
10
88
11,843
13,456
21,608
24,406
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
1,148
2,250
2,027
3,201
196
217
242
1,784
0
0
0
0
97,666
83,354
111,665
194,662
26,842
26,734
12,851
20,258
184
262
262
549
2,181
3,878
3,817
500
0
0
0
0
0
2,137
312
337
585
989
695
1,110
3,288
0
5
250
250
10
260
505
1,510
Underground
Injection
Pounds
17,062
15,100
9.189
30,165
380,000
259,000
422,600
371,000
0
0
0
0
2,288,870
2,963,579
3,781,837
3,707,326
260,344
230,984
591,703
334,471
750
1,200
1,291
3,789
39
285
38
292
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
28,000
10,000
24,000
174,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
950
783
21,757
8,591
4,271
1,839
240
250
0
0
0
0
6,043
12,936
22,163
107,208
10,218
107,748
27,762
38,190
55
15,302
13,260
38,000
504,841
529,340
220,075
21,450
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
113
85
10
295
0
0
0
0
911
211
1,720
9,929
Total
Releases
Pounds
2,558,254
3,908,546
3,726,747
5,108,397
476,923
340,354
552,939
565,557
59
10
1,200
920
3,291,307
4,115,279
4,785,796
5.256,589
10,395,232
13,962,847
17,261,135
14,048,891
9,791
23,549
31,023
49,358
709,921
570,720
271,920
51,846
13
0
0
0
0
2,261
581
1,041
801
46,466
29,263
45,703
198,680
1,790
1,910
4,060
3,238
29,100
30,575
42,267
82,532
228
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23, Cont.
Chemical
Cumene
Cumene hydroperoxide
Cupferron
Cyanide compounds
Cyclohexane
2,4-D (acetic acid)
Decabromodiphenyl oxide
2,4-Diaminoanisole
2,4-Diaminoanisole
sulfate
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl
ether
Diaminotoluene
(mixed isomers)
2,4-Diaminotoluene
Dibenzofuran
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
to Recyclingฎ
Pounds
90,372
49,393
80,857
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
24,600
94,518
82,410
NA
1,385,099
437,349
579,083
NA
0
0
0
NA
25,105
21,032
58,313
NA
0
No
0
NA
No
No
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
3,609
0
0
NA
Transfers
to Energy Transfers to
Recoveryฎ Treatment
Pounds Pounds
879,065
661,008
716,963
NA
706
255
2,101
NA
0
0
0
NA
2,008
250
250
NA
2,841,058
2,985,894
3,700,415
NA
0
0
0
NA
8,129
7,406
8,551
NA
0
Reports Received
0
NA
Reports Received
Reports Received
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
376,100
367,800
578,455
NA
0
0
8,396
NA
19,988
800
3,246
NA
83,250
60,702
56,032
126,382
4,316
1,790
7,423
2,572
2,300
0
0
4,275
325,721
376,909
443,986
1,964,458
814,171
1,025,482
956,730
2,691,889
51,521
28,201
105,891
23,335
27,720
53,759
43,567
76,150
0
0
0
0
0
23,548
4,226
3,962
0
479,489
428,171
544,862
456,114
57,902
10,388
5,710
0
751
3,701
16,943
51,985
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
69,289
42,645
163,552
203,279
592
260
265
5,250
56
69
1,200
780
99,903
87,697
121,205
1,152,491
12,103
17,458
26,599
146,667
574
300
350
27,952
202,671
126,872
43,788
19,090
0
85
250
250
250
7
5
5
179
58,575
33,575
54,369
2,951
0
0
620
1,200
505
255
500
47,726
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
12,089
18,072
16,392
80,075
15,687
42,686
25,465
22,944
0
0
0
0
149,034
254,652
257,769
581,430
20,237
31,525
24,532
211,572
18,728
51,900
13,326
68,422
836,895
721,583
752,249
555,181
0
0
0
0
0
119
1,193
120
142
1,646
2,793
21,702
289,591
0
0
6,060
0
30,141
68,640
81,602
181,799
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
500
2,200
12,390
150,909
0
0
119,416
37,400
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
1,284
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
250
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
1,134,065
831,820
1,033,796
NA
21,301
44,991
35,254
NA
2,356
69
1,200
NA
601,766
816,226
918,010
NA
5,072,668
4,497,708
5,406,775
NA
70,823
80,406
119,567
NA
1,100,520
930,652
906,468
NA
0
85
NA
250
NA
23,674
5,424
4,087
NA
915,810
832,339
1,199,388
NA
57,902
10,388
20,786
NA
54,994
73,646
102,291
NA
229
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23. Releases and Transfers of TRI Chemicals Reported, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).ฎ
Continued.
CAS
Numberฉ
96-12-8
106-93-4
84-74-2
25321-22-6
95-50-1
541-73-1
106-46-7
91-94-1
75-27-4
107-06-2
540-59-0
75-09-2
120-83-2
Chemical
1,2-Dibromo-
3-chloropropane
1 ,2-Dibromoethane
Dibutyl phthalate
Dichlorobenzene
(mixed isomers)
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
1,3-Dichlorobenzene
1 ,4- Dichlorobenzene
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine
Dichlorobromomethane
1 ,2-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethylene
Dichloromethane
2,4-Dichlorophenol
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Forms
Number
No
2
2
No
19
16
20
34
128
132
143
126
8
9
13
15
30
38
43
46
7
8
8
6
22
23
21
24
5
6
6
14
1
1
1
1
76
89
93
110
12
11
12
10
1,065
1,131
1,293
1,668
3
3
5
8
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
Underground
Injection
Pounds
Releases
to Land
Pounds
Reports Received
294
290
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Reports Received
17,439
10,921
8,642
34,119
107,292
104,628
58,461
169,836
475
725
4,441
20,169
168,572
182,216
175,806
206,238
1,339
1,102
878
5,782
95,363
74,313
47,159
103,870
5
5
5
250
180
194
200
13.440
614,195
672,901
816,464
1,574,325
19,923
15,623
14,925
16.552
24,478.364
27,620,595
32,183.219
49,531.437
270
274
885
535
7,760
21,941
29,575
29,223
80,619
72,994
95,626
33,972
6,411
3,796
73,649
143,515
175,132
169,843
246,506
324,463
8,682
3,033
3,941
9,500
262,528
263,633
297,095
1,787,549
5
5
5
5
0
0
0
0
1,690,682
2,539,806
3,268,059
3,036,854
9,555
7,604
29,857
108,896
39,834,847
46,671,300
48,491,600
79,419,932
318
303
547
868
80
106
73
1,011
3,593
5,991
8,907
14,339
0
0
2
40
2,174
2,436
3,962
11,624
139
877
779
1,281
1,265
2,021
2,146
6,153
0
0
0
752
0
0
0
0
6,806
12,760
26,264
40,527
28
7
12
95
62,909
233,786
98,995
349,960
61
0
1
107
26
1,823
240
6,882
140,000
110,000
160,000
350,000
1
4
0
0
14,000
3,700
19,000
20,115
0
0
0
0
2,000
2,000
2,000
4,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,198
6,927
6,334
1,452,084
0
24
0
0
956,098
1,183,867
1,317,706
1,478,833
7,677
9,735
42,800
17,700
254
6
2
259
1,000
764
5,069
6,395
30
0
9
0
6,947
6,469
21,153
13,354
0
0
0
0
1,112
622
420
1,300
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
303
1,858
7,051
2,166
0
1
0
1
78,267
79,308
118,560
157,156
0
0
1
2
Total
Releases
Pounds
294
290
25,559
34,797
38,532
71,494
332,504
294,377
328,063
574,542
6,917
4,525
78,101
163,724
366,825
364,664
466,427
575,794
10,160
5,012
5,598
16,563
362,268
342,589
348,820
1,902,872
10
10
10
1,007
180
194
200
13,440
2,317,184
3,234,252
4,124,172
6,105,956
29,506
23,259
44,794
125,544
65,410,485
75,788,856
82,210,080
130,937,318
8,326
10,312
44,234
19,212
230
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
I* I* H II tJ M
Table 3-23, Cont.
Chemical
1,2-Dibromo-
3-chloropropane
1 ,2-DibromoeIhane
Dibutyl phthalate
Dichlorobenzene
(mixed isomers)
1 ,2-Dichlorobenzene
1 ,3-Dichlorobenzene
1 ,4-Dichlorobenzene
3.3'-Dichlorobenzidine
Dichlorobromomethane
1 ,2-Dichloroethane
1 ,2-Dichloruelhylene
Dichloromethane
2,4-Dichlorophenol
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
to Recyclingฎ
Pounds
No
0
0
No
1
0
0
NA
12,896
1,345
4,660
NA
0
0
0
NA
3,145,376
1,904,907
1,490,896
NA
6,764
950
800
NA
6,278
3
4
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
8,147,906
18,429,536
19,363,730
NA
2,101
2,330
2,000
NA
20,970,440
28,919,951
28,472,665
NA
0
0
0
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recoveryฎ
Pounds
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
Reports Received
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Reports Received 0
255
2,353
842
NA
200,186
1 17,926
166,958
NA
14,828
92
325,693
NA
404,460
787,666
1,079,191
NA
450
0
0
NA
0
0
36,530
NA
3,300
250
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
271,519
82,186
51,917
NA
0
0
0
NA
3,241,821
4,074,526
3,771,339
NA
0
0
750
NA
502,946
66,160
838
5,937
117,522
140,581
110,547
157,156
14,540
212
111,339
104,706
1,528,689
1,897,592
2,413,025
1,947,856
5,048
4,626
3,966
250
102,521
132,587
111,019
138,132
11,250
16,600
19,116
14,420
0
0
0
0
2,228,128
2,146,043
5,729,404
1,617,555
522
312
359
125,744
9,767,007
12,535,079
12,227,733
11,190,222
0
0
0
12,559
0
0
2
253
8,948
8,829
14,535
36,523
0
250
7,410
182,663
30,791
29,799
84,218
64,118
1,537
480
160
40
3,631
1,603
11,068
37,997
10
260
15
617
0
0
0
0
13,898
20,044
26,294
1,477,242
0
0
0
0
843,209
1,300,148
1,302,744
1,830,904
0
0
0
6
67
1,005
750
27,924
74,055
77,181
72,951
112,818
0
11
9
19,672
99,113
64,587
427,032
38,266
0
18
22
290
213
751
770
750
5,005
5,850
4,650
209,785
0
0
0
0
61,483
20,530
6,789
166,131
0
3
0
87,614
108,451
190,299
496,784
10,154,983
250
0
0
350
0
0
0
0
70
8
10,063
1,618
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
53,683
0
0
0
0
0
77
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
228,000
0
0
0
0
33,584
80,549
164,918
1,089,604
0
0
0
0
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
0
503,269
69,518
2,432
NA
413,677
345,870
379,714
NA
29,368
565
444,451
NA
5,208,429
4,684,551
5,494,362
NA
13,799
6,074
4,948
NA
112,643
135,021
159,391
NA
19,565
22,960
23,781
NA
0
0
0
NA
10,722,934
20,698,339
25,178,134
NA
2,623
2,645
2,359
NA
34,964,512
47,100,552
46,436,183
NA
250
0
750
NA
231
-------
I Chapter 3 year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23. Releases and Transfers of TRI Chemicals Reported, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).ฎ
Continued.
CAS
Numberฎ
78-87-5
542-75-6
62-73-7
115-32-2
1464-53-5
111-42-2
117-81-7
84-66-2
64-67-5
119-90-4
57-14-7
105-67-9
131-11-3
Chemical
1 ,2-Dichloropropane
1,3-Dichloropropylene
Dichlorvos
Dicofol
Diepoxybutane
Diethanolamine
Di-(2-ethylhexyl)
phthalate
Diethyl phthalate
Diethyl sulfate
3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine
1,1 -Dimethyl hydrazine
2,4-Dimethylphenol
Dimethyl phthalate
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Forms
Number
12
11
11
12
10
9
7
8
5
8
9
7
5
6
6
8
No
No
1
No
356
349
366
332
321
329
352
298
62
57
58
32
35
37
34
24
2
3
2
No
4
4
5
4
18
20
20
14
66
57
55
56
Fugitive or Stack or
Nonpoint Air Point Air
Emissions Emissions
Pounds Pounds
262,040
205,467
226,947
315,478
27,514
31,315
11,895
39,790
807
546
326
1,050
255
255
5
593
Reports Received
Reports Received
0
Reports Received
187,854
170,574
193,079
439,907
149,731
149,541
106,082
181,492
26,703
10,827
11.042
6,239
5,159
3,284
3,610
8,436
0
0
0
Reports Received
99
83
111
2,206
16,323
19,952
18,008
1,661
21,010
11,600
14,152
113,841
315,399
414,450
545,596
1,079,826
5,650
6,212
8.510
14,800
500
558
318
0
10
256
1
750
0
113,583
86,584
83,582
198,081
429,209
750,180
1,054,053
1,035,298
131,596
83,144
100,399
82,378
16,857
9,952
408
2,191
0
0
0
95
286
378
2,117
14,990
8,390
15,686
9,927
70,350
67,135
63,014
420,965
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
4,749
6,755
6,570
23,785
2
69
0
250
5
5
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
282,866
403,697
434,261
438,213
1,118
947
3,842
2,776
337
260
678
11,272
5
5
5
0
4
8
4
0
0
0
10
84
4
8
484
329
419
1,198
4,335
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
60,284
55,526
60,000
238,317
0
35
370
3,091
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
55,000
66,000
101,000
24,703
1,300
855
865
390
Releases
to Land
Pounds
19
1,206
0
3,400
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
67,013
179,011
132,835
133,456
92,887
99,157
161,625
20,748
750
505
2,977
0
5
5
10
250
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
250
10
26
649
5
5
811
504
Total
Releases
Pounds
582,207
627,878
779,113
1,422,489
33,166
37,596
20,405
54,840
1,562
1,109
644
1,050
520
511
6
1,343
0
711,600
895,392
903,757
1,447,974
672,945
999,860
1,325,972
1,243,405
159,386
94,736
115,096
99,889
22,026
13,246
4,033
10,877
4
8
4
194
374
489
4,333
86,647
94,356
134,728
37,424
92,994
80,014
80,040
540,035
232
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
M ป M ซ1 H
Table 3-23, Cent.
Chemical
1 ,2-Dichloropropane
1 ,3-Dichloropropylene
Dichlorvos
Dicofol
Diepoxybutane
Diethanolamine
Di-(2-ethylhexyl)
phthalate
Diethyl phthalate
Diethyl sulfate
3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine
1,1 -Dimethyl hydrazine
2,4-Dimethylphenol
Dimethyl phthalate
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
to Recyclingฎ
Pounds
11,000
0
0
NA
5,432
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
No
No
0
No
364,972
271,869
191,987
NA
5,433,203
3,318,190
3,308,284
NA
357,899
297,764
183,064
NA
5,370,550
4,942,698
7,137,400
NA
0
0
0
No
5
22
3
NA
22,356
304
12,000
NA
250
500
250
NA
Transfers
to Energy Transfers to
Recoveryฎ Treatment
Pounds Pounds
7
0
0
NA
1
0
0
NA
250
250
500
NA
0
0
0
NA
Reports Received
Reports Received
0
Reports Received
92,961
114,264
171,508
NA
237,312
387,694
303,085
NA
117,137
57,808
12,927
NA
54
33
50
NA
0
0
0
Reports Received
0
0
0
NA
27,443
72,669
22,069
NA
28,987
47,843
16,102
NA
54
53
252
3,782
2,257
2,818
920
2,738
3,660
2,350
2,000
1,011
2,271
1,750
7,899
9,380
0
0
510,787
331,933
367,573
733,874
434,794
194,931
179,531
825,367
60,813
54,135
77,732
97,952
1,775
815
805
0
0
0
0
0
2,914
7,005
6,360
0
16,314
10,351
3,369
1,250
25,816
38,402
57,123
44,454
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
252
1,389
7,100
136,775
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,130,429
1,020,511
1,337,623
2,002,497
26,901
26,340
50,482
169,891
302,115
474,284
315,218
37,600
457
547
633
890
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,700
5,445
3,975
7,964
131,086
108,641
82,565
508,821
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
567
1,952
2,073
1,131
0
0
0
0
750
1,251
1,610
505
250
500
10
15,786
0
104,493
164,626
221,811
372,707
1,161,270
1,213,664
1,192,589
1,664,643
13,930
45,251
48,747
6,572
0
172
0
0
0
0
0
6
0
26
8,855
885
1,503
1,595
1,750
4,597
3,497
17,434
93,358
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
434
221,811
0
0
440
44.250
0
250
281
1,40
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
11,880
3,394
9,425
NA
7,690
2,818
920
NA
4,660
3,852
4,110
NA
2,521
2,250
7,909
NA
0
2,203,642
1,903,203
2,290,936
NA
7,293,480
5,140,819
5,034,411
NA
851,894
929,492
637,969
NA
5,372,836
4,944,265
7,138,888
NA
0
0
0
2,925
7,027
6,389
NA
72,698
90,272
43,008
NA
190,736
198,883
173,474
NA
233
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23. Releases and Transfers of TRI Chemicals Reported, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).ฎ
Continued.
CAS
Numberฎ
77-78-1
534-52-1
51-28-5
121-14-2
606-20-2
123-91-1
106-89-8
110-80-5
140-88-5
100-41-4
541-41-3
74-85-1
107-21-1
Chemical
Dimethyl sulfate
4,6-Dinitro-o-cresoI
2,4-Dinitrophenol
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
2,6-Dinitrotoluene
1,4-Dioxane
Epichlorohydrin
2-Ethoxyethanol
Ethyl acrylate
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl chloroformate
Ethylene
Ethylene glycol
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Forms
Number
36
34
31
33
6
6
7
10
5
8
10
11
4
8
9
13
1
1
2
7
64
85
83
73
71
73
80
78
48
55
69
110
102
99
98
105
935
895
856
558
5
6
5
5
273
282
281
272
1,312
1,346
1,378
1,447
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
4,556
6,050
9,675
9,176
6
2
7
259
1
14,680
16,585
12.386
1,846
1,707
5,104
15,533
463
422
1,197
6,074
281,921
410,548
365,544
361,259
282,452
402,097
277.040
506.142
95.428
117,490
207,045
281,053
92,497
107.913
107,886
126.521
3,088,395
3,214,161
2,936,533
3,100.759
1,918
2,231
1,254
11,880
14,775,632
16,599,783
16.316,939
22,818,075
2,466,226
3,226,246
4,622,234
4,060,712
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
1,199
973
432
1,630
65
31
43
15
2
5,632
7,557
8,439
33
57
313
77,724
8
3
751
81,523
152,096
274,198
365,719
251,374
101,680
120,556
182,110
200,965
208,789
279,496
466,777
2,150,257
93,894
97,399
120,195
119,461
7.226,146
6,840,136
6,083,031
4.421,877
485
1,138
576
2,023
18.530.394
20,085,637
21,966,320
26,817.970
7,670,401
7,066,474
6,212,532
9,127,042
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
0
161
293
610
10
20
33
266
142
128
3,888
98,692
319
105
2,682
12,055
212
126
702
957
477,896
447,066
318,133
203,320
3,642
3,165
5,456
4,917
1,952
18
5,022
120,164
1,200
734
423
1.211
15,347
15,783
16,851
15,970
5
26
0
0
24,779
13,413
17,015
15,214
1,170,533
1,339,228
2,313,490
3,727,220
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
27,408
18.925
35,532
86,200
0
0
0
106,400
0
0
0
27,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
68,750
0
0
0
0
2,400
3,200
947
0
333,957
193,880
94,637
72,914
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
17,203
5,943,528
4,923,321
3,654,273
7,927,570
Releases
to Land
Pounds
5
0
0
50
0
0
0
2
4
6
10
257
0
0
1,424
14,961
0
0
0
0
2,236
3,297
15,952
11,702
2,356
1,655
3,675
2,524
0
35
5
52
21
1,114
939
265
27,110
289,108
52,865
202,112
5
5
0
0
0
0
0
13,250
1,283,019
684,846
908,417
736,344
Total
Releases
Pounds
5,760
7,184
10,400
11,466
81
53
83
542
27,557
39,371
63,572
205.974
2,198
1,869
9,523
226,673
683
551
2,650
115,554
914,149
1,135,109
1,065,348
827,655
390,130
527,473
468,281
783,298
306,169
397,039
678,849
2,551,526
190,012
210,360
230,390
247,458
10,690,955
10,553,068
9,183,917
7,813,632
2,413
3,400
1,830
13,903
33,330,805
36,698,833
38,300,274
49,681,712
18,533,707
17,240,115
17,710,946
25,578,888
234
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23, Cont.
Chemical
Dimethyl sulfate
4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol
2,4-Dinitrophenol
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
2,6-Dinitrotoluene
1,4-Dioxane
Epichlorohydrin
2-Ethoxyethanol
Ethyl acrylate
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl chloroformate
Ethylene
Ethylene glycol
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
to Recyclingฎ
Pounds
39,542
48,266
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
18,262
37,925
44,222
NA
0
0
4,669
NA
359,015
13,335
36,186
NA
38,620
0
200
NA
3,945,186
3,271,166
2,873,682
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
111,764,153
99,926,705
91,447,942
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recoveryฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
1,376
210
100
NA
0
1
2,600
NA
300
0
110,750
NA
0
0
250
NA
738,584
589,673
254,549
NA
17,837
41,275
7,800
NA
259,985
206,073
201,811
NA
1,417,133
1,275,919
783.299
NA
9,253,636
8,866,394
8,880,997
NA
0
0
1,200
NA
11,708,800
10,774,417
40,096
NA
8,769,553
7,372,520
4,128,221
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
0
0
0
0
6,122
2,166
5,915
259,448
9,000
6,410
5
567,365
0
0
53,250
2,055
0
0
250
703
200,994
388,376
526,359
199,402
947,707
880,794
919,235
690.257
35,069
73,093
139,537
366,979
244,897
123,262
167,145
101,345
1,330.687
1,336.854
1,343,284
2,317,452
0
0
390
69,600
61,073
92,714
897,754
29,887
9,117,301
6,989,657
5,933,095
14,517,439
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
265
10
260
1,000
357
4,910
26,255
19
0
5
255
1,000
0
0
0
700,000
0
0
0
170,000
258,084
269,319
255,305
203,103
29,201
4,709
12,703
73,385
391,233
404,046
218,923
196,286
21,310
15,836
19,855
27.656
57.017
100,169
103,264
511,285
0
0
0
0
19
5
17
250
15,071,067
r;,842,107
19,361,741
17,360,752
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
0
0
0
0
6,630
5,550
11,455
46,648
20
0
1,200
110,285
10
0
57
124,281
0
0
0
30,882
61,762
47,275
76,539
10,954
851
276
594
307
3
250
20,456
71,142
9,493
19,268
24.621
7,110
128,364
144,008
198,586
415,533
0
0
0
0
128
329
504
11,432
1,428,386
1,000,079
1,357,889
2,601,889
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
925
0
0
0
0
0
2
2
250
0
0
440
250
250
12,476
11,677
269,164
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
33,744
4,800
465,625
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
39,807
48,276
260
NA
14,485
12,836
43,725
NA
9,020
6,416
4,060
NA
310
0
164,057
NA
0
0
500
NA
1,277,686
1,332,568
1,156,975
NA
995,596
927,054
945,001
NA
1,045,305
696,799
616,915
NA
1,731,453
1,434,285
995,560
NA
14,715,140
13,731,067
13,411,490
NA
0
0
1,590
NA
11,770,020
10,867,465
938,371
NA
146,150,460
135,164,812
122,233,688
NA
235
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Ji
Table 3-23. Releases and Transfers of TRI Chemicals Reported, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).ฎ
Continued.
CAS
Numberฉ
151-56-4
75-21-8
96-45-7
2164-17-2
50-00-0
76-13-1
76-44-8
118-74-1
87-68-3
77-47-4
67-72-1
302-01-2
Chemical
Ethyleneimine
Ethylene oxide
Ethylene thiourea
Fluometuron
Formaldehyde
Freon 113
Glycol ethers
Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachloro-
1,3-butadiene
Hexachlorocyclo-
pentadiene
Hexachloroethane
Hydrazine
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Forms
Number
1
1
No
1
162
174
184
202
7
10
11
6
7
5
6
2
782
775
818
821
466
867
1,093
1,439
2,162
2,177
2,121
1,612
1
2
1
2
10
9
10
9
8
7
9
9
4
4
4
5
24
20
21
22
46
43
49
55
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
0
0
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
0
0
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
0
0
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
0
0
Reports Received
250
561,890
662,788
816,194
923,731
5
5
24
0
296
301
104
250
2,049,988
1,841,136
1,777,229
3,092,147
6,871,554
17,861,150
24,669,580
47,155,972
10,120,540
10,797,177
10,383,015
10,414,678
31
460
5
54,292
304
4,138
549
3,602
1,190
1,916
2,420
2,043
2,857
7,112
24,744
77,902
1,029
1,738
1,783
2,949
12,267
13,033
22,354
24,368
250
585,332
645,995
994,758
3,708,003
265
280
553
500
347
303
113
250
9,321.033
9,300,069
8,838,639
9,098,198
2,953,806
7,024,067
11,949,022
23,310,793
35,171,877
35,497,716
34,389,854
38,373,119
0
250
0
3
332
333
292
443
557
2,218
990
465
908
1,268
717
415
48,677
19,284
20,926
16,128
4,185
6,238
6,079
7,689
0
2,634
1,991
2,260
44,851
0
0
0
0
0
5
10
0
418,503
441,239
627,001
904,788
4,271
1,916
3,259
32,894
353,153
350,571
505,041
293,936
2
1
0
2
476
227
111
4
1,200
1,911
681
153
1
0
23
6
291
3
0
11
784
842
1,520
2,149
0
28,000
120,000
25,416
11,125
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,912,425
4,916,248
5,217,827
9,608,524
4
214
558
5,965
114,415
194,386
176,033
362,198
0
0
0
0
548
794
60
410
520
738
200
220
250
5
5
2,131
1,081
1,670
160
520
0
0
0
0
0
11,222
837
50,336
54,700
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
418,220
174,424
248,866
494,111
1,237
9,028
81,583
27,799
137,656
161,635
696,202
105,185
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
5
10
5
29
Total
Releases
Pounds
0
0
500
1,189,078
1,431,611
1,888,964
4,742,410
270
285
577
500
643
609
232
500
18,120,169
16,673,116
16.709,562
23,197,768
9,830,872
24,896,375
36,704,002
70,533,423
45,897,641
47,001,485
46,150,145
49,549,116
33
711
5
54,297
1,660
5,492
1,013
4,459
3,467
6,783
4,293
2,881
4,016
8,385
25,489
80,454
51,078
22,695
22,871
19,609
17,241
20,123
29,958
34,235
236
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
u n M ซi 12 ป
Table 3-23, Cont.
Chemical
Ethyleneimine
Ethylene oxide
Ethylene thiourea
Fluometuron
Formaldehyde
Freon 113
Glycol ethers
Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachloro-
1,3-butadiene
Hexachlorocyclo-
pentadiene
Hexachloroethane
Hydrazine
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
to Recyclingฎ
Pounds
0
0
No
NA
0
21,866
28,631
NA
2,054
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
60,343
173,167
206,290
NA
3,043,503
5,659,747
8,426,528
NA
4,388,256
3,554,109
4,042,545
NA
0
0
0
NA
1
1
1
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
8
22
3
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recoveryฎ
Pounds
0
0
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
0
0
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
0
0
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
0
0
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
0
Reports Received
NA
1
0
0
NA
0
1,682
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
146,580
178,066
102,312
NA
208,109
393,733
479,281
NA
13,775,189
11,721,626
11,963,176
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
910
1,000
4,000
NA
41,000
21,000
39,000
NA
30,005
455
38,000
NA
0
1,063
14,288
15,039
1,250
5,585
6,042
11,117
250
3,460
7,205
H.625
19,100
1,091,750
905,062
953,413
1,326,663
417,205
786,556
1,252,258
4,056,028
3,486,547
3,013,970
3,376,886
5,836,838
77,287
93,737
5
51,935
88,709
62,543
127,143
521,558
21,416
14,441
1,710,359
3,513,001
9,620
33,818
27,803
590,845
49,801
10,187
167,313
532,352
72,162
131,085
13,515
36,582
0
95,140
94,860
113,994
362,521
5
12
10
500
30,030
11,851
1,012
2,300
3,464,896
5,639,816
5,486,228
4,382,254
37,045
23,211
38,402
104,441
12,188,571
10,583,134
9,260,675
9,039,072
42
69
0
37
250
8
5
160
14
7
4
300
656
653
624
852
0
0
0
260
1,408
1,308
6,368
1,468
0
3,589
1,650
1,604
20,663
1,260
7,060
7,500
2,250
9,364
3,037
17,010
3,700
365,516
322,888
488,176
1,410,749
12,278
100,665
131,777
1,929,497
791,957
675,919
680,186
1,545,590
0
0
0
0
648,010
28,380
1,064,793
443,541
12
5
4,263
19,640
0
2,740
3,000
28,470
1,954
206
5,011
128,504
4,136
2,559
4,021
6,541
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
29,766
8,433
3,580
750
5,116
103,417
298,985
50,368
73,225
48,752
539,894
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
29
0
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
0
NA
99,793
132,664
159,268
NA
8,904
14,796
18,627
NA
42,854
22,093
29.647
NA
5,129,085
7,248,765
7,244,852
NA
3,718,890
6,969,028
10,431,663
NA
34,680,888
29,621,983
29,372,220
NA
77,329
93,806
5
NA
736,970
90,932
1,191,942
NA
21,442
14,453
1,714,626
NA
11,186
38,211
35,427
NA
92,755
31,393
211,324
NA
107,719
135,429
61,936
NA
237
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23. Releases and Transfers of TRI Chemicals Reported, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).ฎ
Continued.
CAS
Numberฉ
10034-93-2
7647-01-0
74-90-8
7664-39-3
123-31-9
78-84-2
67-63-0
80-05-7
7439-92-1
58-89-9
108-31-6
12427-38-2
Chemical
Hydrazine sulfate
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen fluoride
Hydroquinone
Isobutyraldehyde
Isopropyl alcohol
(manufacturing)
4,4'- Isopropy lidene-
diphenol
Lead
Lead compounds
Lindane
Maleic anhydride
Maneb
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Forms
Number
3
3
4
4
3,279
3,299
3,358
3,257
40
36
37
36
513
526
527
527
60
56
60
61
20
22
18
14
123
113
137
89
109
109
106
79
797
802
866
859
858
887
937
Til
8
11
15
3
206
200
215
199
6
7
4
6
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
0
0
0
290
4,310,382
4,402,452
4,564,012
6,232,531
53,123
65,822
64,031
131,604
3,076,706
4,388,611
3,612,771
3,783,842
3,950
4,533
6,434
3,601
129,996
114,601
118,100
176,240
332,235
382,054
435,389
790,232
105,696
109,292
117,175
119,870
236,287
167,534
208,026
484,031
216.860
477,148
444,012
355,202
277
507
271
251
61,297
101,129
77,432
111,640
510
510
10
1,000
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
1
2
2
882
74,763,273
72,697,965
79,974,512
68,929,394
2,180,818
2,275,468
1,205,762
980,673
4,645,613
5,834,629
6,238,415
9,642,646
16,125
8,985
4,367
6,733
250,198
289,205
272,124
497,578
1,025,007
989,591
909,573
1.199,178
96,396
76,437
313,604
107.056
459,607
303,163
228,864
644.625
814,284
992.951
1,061,043
1,177,534
298
531
291
7
311,018
355,296
382,057
550,604
520
535
19
1,265
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
0
0
0
0
719,541
1,927,193
2,144,739
3,861,789
396
3,947
8,839
2,300
10,340
4,210
5,469
189.928
8,994
3,967
4,388
7,211
650
351
91
773
0
15
35
1,900
8,366
7,463
4,492
126,385
24,575
11.834
20,556
61,791
50,518
62,431
118.692
180,368
0
0
0
0
403
405
465
12,580
0
0
0
250
Underground
Injection
Pounds
220,000
120,000
150,000
355,000
145,097,099
207,817,749
190.422,615
396,089.339
821,815
801.646
945,926
1,737,850
3,520
1
1
250
470,000
250,750
255,705
375,400
34,783
3,840
6,810
60
0
0
0
0
44,339
41,000
43,000
0
0
0
0
5
1,768
2,888
928
Releases
to Land
Pounds
0
0
0
0
359,506
432,770
12,172,416
5,509,273
12
17
17
1,761
28,805
27,887
25,259
13,002
117
0
6
530
0
1
262
1
750
330
77
14
695,804
287,138
374,926
424,117
3,336,155
2,062,834
3,331,171
6,648,946
10,950,924
11,924,326
13,701,984
2,755 20,035,359
0
0
0
0
5
5
255
240,000
0
0
0
0
5
0
5
0
4,062
2,327
1,405
250
0
250
0
0
Total
Releases
Pounds
220,001
120,002
150,002
356,172
225,249,801
287,278,129
289,278,294
480,622,326
3,056,164
3,146,900
2,224,575
2.854.188
7,764,984
10,255,338
9,881,915
13,629,668
499,186
268,235
270,900
393,475
415,627
407,998
397,387
674,652
1,357,992
1,371,990
1,345,074
1,991,324
950,601
521,330
853,197
777,428
4,056,624
2,545,365
3,788,617
7,839,398
12,034,354
13,459,744
15,326,659
21,751,218
580
1,038
567
258
376,785
459,162
461,614
915,074
1,030
1,295
29
2,515
238
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23, Cont.
Chemical
Hydrazine sulfate
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen fluoride
Hydroquinone
Isobutyraldehyde
Isopropyl alcohol
(manufacturing)
4,4'-Isopropylidene-
diphenol
Lead
Lead compounds
Lindane
Maleic anhydride
Maneb
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
to Recyclingฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
60,155,970
59,509,690
43,700,490
NA
0
0
0
NA
281,413
289,178
46,814
NA
9,700
8,316
10
NA
200
400
0
NA
214,276
225,917
38,983
NA
0
18,865
18,407
NA
40,096,726
31,493,700
38,299,231
NA
250,957,268
372,495,789
185,666,753
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
47
NA
0
0
0
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recoveryฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
8,507,313
5,109,001
4,415,525
NA
253
250
250
NA
0
0
750
NA
881
5,139
4,132
NA
691,085
1,096,087
553,000
NA
267,089
238,756
412,315
NA
34,556
34,510
67,980
NA
7,815
19,880
9,611
NA
75,387
39,188
59,871
NA
0
0
0
NA
112,033
62,503
36,484
NA
0
0
0
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
0
0
0
0
46,975,777
43,092,487
36,469,260
25,633,047
492
470
315
21,200
2,254,588
2,539,160
2,516,449
2,841,628
47,558
28,737
22,736
303,106
43,747
35,010
47,587
30,260
116,974
99,184
108,447
319,961
40,193
29.037
21,524
995,810
520,158
774,860
1,995,622
2,901,988
3,400,146
19,954,819
2,210,582
2,254,778
3,992
51,355
7,258
130
783,929
688,345
735,361
1,725,648
260
3,070
255
2,077
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
0
0
0
0
19,913,557
29,306,548
16,604,683
35,167,433
281
330
271
337
269,976
276,044
326,065
696,139
110,898
162,175
168,069
512,180
10,402
3,265
37,444
713
8,964
68,302
69,576
161,751
32,719
34.485
32,781
31,135
28,085
31,382
49,533
122,466
111,040
326,744
286,119
90,957
6
5
5
0
2,980
1,770
254,846
556,373
0
5
0
1,470
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
0
0
0
0
13,575,451
12,816,139
14,117,213
48,941,973
2,065
874
120
1,001
856,706
1,269,429
1,080,205
3,467,471
34,105
8,646
214,630
6,835
0
250
0
0
27,137
1,318
29,555
247,039
365,436
370,428
251,523
444,560
2,142,440
3,015,890
5,508,668
10,728,210
20,259,225
13,344,529
11,108,012
14,389,633
67
73
66
56
25,827
34,669
18,370
132,148
125,841
14,092
2,370
5,285
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
0
78,081
255,991
567,652
213,017
0
0
0
250
250
10,030
250
64,252
0
250
440
0
0
0
0
0
0
8,099
536
129,407
0
4
754
1,000
750
109,071
39,308
252,910
299
412,721
63,910
667,986
0
0
0
0
0
577
1
1,150
0
0
0
0
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
149,206,149
150,089,856
115,874,823
NA
3,091
1,924
956
NA
3,662,933
4,383,841
3,970,533
NA
203,142
213,263
410,017
NA
745,434
1,135,012
638,031
NA
634,440
641,576
659,412
NA
472,904
487,329
392,969
NA
42,795,974
35,444,783
45,901,973
NA
274,803,365
406,573,790
199,395,247
NA
4,065
51,433
7,329
NA
924,769
787,864
1,045,109
NA
126,101
17,167
2,625
NA
239
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23. Releases and Transfers of TRI Chemicals Reported, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).ฎ
Continued.
CAS
Number^
7439-96-5
7439-97-6
67-56-1
72-43-5
109-86-4
96-33-3
1634-04-4
101-14-4
101-61-1
101-68-8
74-95-3
Chemical
Manganese
Manganese compounds
Mercury
Mercury compounds
Methanol
Methoxychlor
2-Methoxyethanol
Methyl acrylate
Methyl tert-butyl ether
4,4'-Methylenebis
(2-chloroaniline)
4,4'-Methylenebis(N,N-
dimethyl) benzeneamine
Methylenebis
(phenylisocyanate)
Methylene bromide
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Forms
Number
1,286
1,218
1,193
917
988
948
901
540
22
23
30
37
13
16
26
16
2,424
2,466
2,547
2,492
4
7
6
12
68
85
89
95
64
63
63
61
141
132
120
90
16
17
19
8
No
No
No
1
834
779
754
425
7
6
5
9
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
362,608
392,179
691,175
1,043,950
778,095
614,043
598,418
582,202
9,349
9,462
11,603
15,791
2,507
2,493
1,355
1,006
29,407.465
34,356,720
37,591,035
48,234,861
91
261
251
47,721
497,989
891,829
1,100,988
1,148,256
108,933
129,009
63,806
332,710
938,717
834,804
781,472
617,340
10
12
1,010
250
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
496,504
306,123
326,359
538,371
1,436,529
1,372,601
804,284
1,215,299
3,353
4,650
6,605
7,114
914
766
1,725
1,370
142,885,516
170,949,227
170,374,294
186,585,067
5
557
314
83,310
660,857
527,586
711,956
4,751,413
83,230
136,816
169,936
110,786
2,910,737
2,208,275
2,384,860
1,970,907
5
5
255
0
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
243,336
235,291
143,101
321,992
565,650
733,723
700,193
681,469
267
273
629
1,397
179
302
47
259
10,011,681
18,155,749
20,011,681
16,800,444
5
5
10
252
85,820
165,535
364,059
40,520
442
1,279
919
1,687
92,315
102,851
30,901
21,499
0
0
0
0
Underground Releases
Injection to Land
Pounds Pounds
504
304
272
255
8,740
22,569
15,327
6,816,070
0
0
0
0
15
9
9
27
27,899,963
27,084,182
27,826,928
26,555,436
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
750
130
77
161
200
9,406
68,445
81,690
14,400
0
0
0
0
6,650,151
6,528,590
9,906,751
20,229,826
47,671,055
63,890,531
70,033,856
84,222,474
1,801
3,122
5,292
13,279
11
17
2
250
1,719,866
3,310,441
3,589,467
11,694,136
0
5
5
258
2
4
20
7
88
705
0
30,260
409
288
2,903
370
0
2
0
0
Reports Received
Reports Received
Reports Received
250
381,649
307,897
311,617
154,916
42,558
23,361
38,277
34,468
0
167,981
145,835
236,248
90,147
13,759
14,790
13,010
23,255
0
15
30
10
1,022
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
7,000
800,629
77,201
112,387
87,415
0
0
0
0
Total
Releases
Pounds
7,753,103
7,462,487
11,067,658
22,134,394
50,460,069
66,633,467
72,152,078
93,517,514
14,770
17,507
24,129
37,581
3,626
3,587
3,138
2,912
211,924,491
253,856,319
259,393,405
289,869,944
101
828
580
131,541
1,244,668
1,584,954
2,177,023
5,940,946
192,823
267,886
234,822
475,643
3,951,584
3,214,663
3,281,826
2,624,516
15
19
1,265
250
7,250
1,350,274
530,963
660,262
333,500
56,317
38,401
51,287
57,723
240
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data t
Table 3-23, Cont.
Chemical
Manganese
Manganese compounds
Mercury
Mercury compounds
Methanol
Methoxychlor
2-Methoxyethanol
Methyl acrylate
Methyl tert-butyl ether
4,4'-Methylenebis
(2-chloroaniline)
4,4'-Methylenebis(N,N-
dimethyl) benzeneamine
Methylenebis
(phenylisocyanate)
Methylene bromide
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
to Recyclingฎ
Pounds
69,793,000
31,433,191
37,992,407
NA
44,660,637
37,242,936
28,336,775
NA
11,639
14,455
21,674
NA
12,000
37,000
443,815
NA
15,803,246
15,651,868
12,205,824
NA
0
0
0
NA
320
6,174
26,025
NA
14,736
0
5,000
NA
49,327
17,250
6,618
NA
0
0
0
NA
No
No
No
NA
400,158
328,874
393,894
NA
0
33
0
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recoveryฎ
Pounds
253
323
24,538
NA
23,682
29,446
3,644
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
1
5
NA
57,367,176
69,352,815
64,433,495
NA
0
0
0
NA
580,965
727,772
542,690
NA
255,044
409,635
221,846
NA
657.873
346,392
522,457
NA
2,148
2,559
1,000
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
504,457
497,731
1,328,918
4,208,789
3.323,612
3,364,111
3,458,716
1,376,268
1,265
13,910
43,412
38,548
486
60,394
22,146
256
37,093,740
39,956,560
38,247,147
40,024,338
15
251
159
6,551
327,097
329,204
592,598
826,153
17,229
41,241
38,476
14,040
33,893
32,688
20,321
93,575
99
2,390
4,228
6,250
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
29,941
41,151
161,859
132,408
417,667
1,038,063
3,342,995
1,843,019
15
15
42
1,364
6
7
272
528
94,712,739
113,928,001
114,720,303
121,316,794
0
0
0
0
855,415
1,054,043
403,041
622,102
8,484
8,293
5,311
14,886
92,030
80,414
129,131
7,713
5
5
5
0
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
11,217,507
10,766,313
12,794,779
17,867,485
19,806,033
13,580,016
20,754,827
18,013,946
17,406
29,809
70,517
218,830
55,549
135,646
17,741
17,383
3,332,440
3,281,731
4,715,372
15,226,449
5
255
5
8
16,300
750
702
57,362
1,595
1,433
1,275
4,765
134,331
14,469
6,060
4,602
750
0
0
0
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
593,559
522,006
179,409
2,931,591
250
145,350
195,061
423,308
0
22
0
0
0
0
0
0
388
15,551
1,458,672
3,505,607
0
0
0
0
0
17,845
0
715
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Reports Received
Reports Received
Reports Received
NA
146,804
88,328
47,220
NA
750
0
0
NA
0
649,007
552,045
544,115
932,648
584
2,284
0
0
0
1,881
2,305
911
1,500
2,489
1,493
5,417
6,097
1,150
1,349,736
985,099
1,104,797
1,769,721
0
0
0
0
0
0
47,000
83,036
7,325
0
0
0
0
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
82,138,717
43,260,715
52,481,910
NA
68,231,881
55,399,922
56,092,018
NA
30,325
58,211
135,645
NA
68,041
233,048
483,979
NA
208,309,729
242,186,526
235,780,813
NA
20
506
164
NA
1,780,097
2,135,788
1,565,056
NA
297,088
460,602
271,908
NA
967,454
491,213
684,587
NA
3,002
4,954
5,233
NA
NA
2,547,586
2,003,651
2,173,973
NA
3,823
3,810
5,417
NA
241
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
ป ซo ti ซ n
Table 3-23. Releases and Transfers of TRI Chemicals Reported, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).ฎ
Continued.
CAS
Numberฉ
101-77-9
78-93-3
60-34-4
74-88-4
108-10-1
624-83-9
80-62-6
90-94-8
1313-27-5
91-20-3
134-32-7
7440-02-0
Chemical
4,4'-Methyenedianiline
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl hydrazine
Methyl iodide
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Methyl isocyanate
Methyl methacrylate
Michler's ketone
Molybdenum trioxide
Naphthalene
alpha-Naphthylamine
Nickel
Nickel compounds
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Forms
Number
27
24
27
30
2,418
2,481
2,570
2,518
2
1
2
3
4
6
5
3
1,006
1,027
1,041
1,009
3
2
5
12
251
246
244
219
1
No
1
4
139
131
128
99
471
475
461
419
2
2
2
3
1,639
1,600
1,581
1,149
820
780
788
567
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
15,313
6,496
9.013
36,804
29,044,598
31,662,901
35,753,846
41,644,628
25
0
0
2,774
33,233
21,980
22,544
5,691
7,777,025
7,899,705
7,285,523
13,057,504
4,490
6,851
6,742
9,649
600,068
735,044
692,638
1,346,196
100
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
2,961
3,890
4,155
93,347
55,770,325
60,262,154
71,050,033
98,564,080
0
0
0
153
907
3,405
2,870
3,253
17,317,092
18,237,055
19,092,111
18,951,682
1,273
803
798
586
1,728,620
1,820,951
1,968,813
2,284,375
1.442
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
291
420
1,486
2,599
197,216
154,676
143,003
90,426
0
0
0
1
14
11
13
5
90,214
96,387
166,952
762,108
0
0
0
0
7,992
34,595
20,998
28,437
0
Underground
Injection
Pounds
9,750
8,865
22,062
460,250
360,927
365,395
355,736
255,962
0
0
0
0
0
9,500
740
250
131,600
129,100
161,600
116,650
0
0
0
0
260,000
220,000
270,000
327,221
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
135
55
3
1,140
134,162
242,949
166,707
166,537
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
76,771
194,986
130.415
31,770
0
0
0
64
2,606
4,003
4,305
8.119
0
Reports Received
0
450
124,993
50,069
46,031
37,272
1,483,665
1,375,880
1,413,281
3,400,774
5
5
5
336
169,431
519,672
338,718
268,932
55,882
59,348
61,418
154,787
0
650
51,931
59,606
48,526
73.323
1,186,271
1,250,445
1,372,419
1,739,530
5
5
5
254
152,495
199,654
144,216
181,220
122,998
90,732
183,857
112,356
0
0
60,169
59,441
78,785
139,021
31,123
28,983
31,486
22,768
0
0
0
101
38,098
44,930
54,838
90,133
56,096
66,194
76,841
134,294
0
0
202,775
162.705
134,965
197,115
79,290
78,227
39,112
50,946
0
0
0
0
11,078
5,309
4,418
14,295
122,160
292,453
366,530
224,968
0
0
11,449
14,651
23,165
97,238
48,971
1,667,145
54,348
123,956
0
0
0
0
427,911
2,425,037
418,003
1,225,251
2,864,701
1,307,400
1,283,731
2,412,526
Total
Releases
Pounds
28,450
19,726
36,719
594,140
85,507,228
92,688,075
107,469,325
140,721,633
25
0
0
2,928
34,154
34,896
26,167
9,199
25,392,702
26,557,233
26,836,601
32,919,714
5,763
7,654
7,540
10,299
2,599,286
2,814,593
2,956,754
3,994,348
1,542
0
1,100
451,317
346,472
331,472
543,969
2,829,320
4,400,680
2,910,646
5,337,974
10
10
10
691
799,013
3,194,602
960,193
1,779,831
3,221,837
1,816,127
1,972,377
3,038,931
242
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23, Cont.
Chemical
4,4'-Methyenedianiline
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl hydrazine
Methyl iodide
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Methyl isocyanate
Methyl methacrylate
Michler's ketone
Molybdenum trioxide
Naphthalene
alpha-Naphthylamine
Nickel
Nickel compounds
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
to Recyclingฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
24,231,204
25,371,163
27,570,244
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
22,879,916
20,221,693
17,836,398
NA
0
0
0
NA
82,310
83,571
405,587
NA
0
No
0
NA
3,302,529
3,101,814
2,671,352
NA
248,531
136,187
212,555
NA
0
0
0
NA
58,272,406
53,549,186
41,843,870
NA
31,855,198
26,825,435
24,467,102
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recoveryฎ
Pounds
8,530
26,949
28,000
NA
45,698,371
39,263,334
35,471,173
NA
0
0
0
NA
350
0
0
NA
12,169,416
17,380,409
19,033,586
NA
0
0
0
NA
1,044,464
1,047,331
1,255,989
NA
216
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
72,400
84,836
44,218
139,349
5,491,598
6,257,373
9,933,858
22,152,118
74
0
0
1,250
230
250
5
0
1,391,209
1,500,419
1,998,478
6,075,272
0
0
0
314
663,896
659,516
525,679
2,787,477
0
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
2,152
1,629
1,759
7,399
756,561
653,417
777,361
963,868
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
636,214
776,557
525,571
1,509.030
0
0
0
0
265,342
252,180
130,045
191,071
0
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
33,676
9,710
16,913
141,538
433,670
623,436
543,575
5,014,693
0
0
0
1,450
27
0
0
250
126,372
107,600
158,886
1,966,217
0
0
15,067
8,400
174,215
96,628
187,596
276,567
0
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
0
18,725
291,155
294,801
2,039,145
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
1,705
205,272
4,745
2,467,760
0
0
0
0
0
40,862
9
37,511
0
Reports Received
703
NA
0
0
0
NA
1,377,127
2,321,464
1,357,827
NA
0
0
0
NA
6,812
13,073
7,832
NA
6,593
21,555
12,151
NA
0
33,519
78,094
61,237
48,998
7,336
345,047
525.688
491,058
536,139
0
0
0
0
928,601
1,152,195
608,597
1,145.848
1,727,136
1,784,214
1,734,806
1,886,744
3
0
34,801
72,096
80.682
34,044
24,352
88,516
63,592
800,227
0
0
0
0
99,350
130,234
254,470
252,031
120,342
121,959
133,885
650,732
0
0
446,634
349,143
534,959
573,624
332,257
666,947
979,551
1,359,184
0
0
0
0
2,359,104
3,548,062
3,508,762
6,400,843
4,818,250
5,040,009
2,988,958
3,946,285
0
0
4,957
250
736
20,000
0
2,850
16,406
31,000
0
0
0
0
30,333
408,069
352,985
72,353
6,935
43,483
38,354
194,385
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
116,758
123,124
90,890
NA
76,630,159
72,459,878
74,591,012
NA
74
0
3
NA
607
250
5
NA
37,204,832
40,191,950
39,557,664
NA
0
0
15,067
NA
2,230,227
2,180,088
2,504,905
NA
216
706
NA
3,867,015
3,584,540
3,336,727
NA
2,327,314
3,741,652
3,120,989
NA
0
0
0
NA
61,696,606
58,800,819
46,576,516
NA
38,534,454
33,836,655
29,375,256
NA
243
-------
Chapter 3 year-to-year Comparison of TRI Data
at at w ซi ซ )
Table 3-23. Releases and Transfers of TRI Chemicals Reported, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).ฎ
Continued.
CAS
Number^)
7697-37-2
139-13-9
99-59-2
98-95-3
55-63-0
88-75-5
100-02-7
79-46-9
156-10-5
121-69-7
62-75-9
86-30-6
56-38-2
Chemical
Nitric acid
Nitrilotriacetic acid
5-Nitro-o-anisidine
Nitrobenzene
Nitroglycerin
2-Nitrophenol
4-Nitrophenol
2-Nitropropane
p-Nitrosodiphenylarnine
N,N-Dimethylaniline
N-Nitrosodimethylamine
N-Nitrosodiphenylamme
Parathion
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Forms
Number
1,824
1,826
1,885
1,916
7
7
7
14
1
2
2
No
15
19
24
19
18
22
22
21
5
3
2
4
5
6
5
7
7
10
9
15
2
2
2
2
23
19
20
20
No
No
No
1
1
2
1
2
3
5
9
13
Fugitive or Stack or
Nonpoint Air Point Air
Emissions Emissions
Pounds Pounds
802,420
719,734
673,431
1,151,193
7
4
5
1,000
5
5
5
Reports Received
64,830
38,769
34,511
22,614
554
2,059
1,790
2,280
5
5
0
32,152
654
715
9,406
7,642
39,191
36,262
31,052
208,303
24
24
24
15
3,500
19,616
25,001
18,448
Reports Receivec
Reports Receivec
Reports Receivec
0
0
0
0
0
1,215
10
267
2,258
2,252,954
2,317,172
2,696,632
7,144.675
5
0
0
1,500
5
10
10
7,807
13,798
19,035
17,759
12,545
27,073
26,657
50,103
24
7
2
1,537
91
105
127
213
9,137
9,380
74,695
181,082
0
0
0
0
17,222
24,262
26,855
80,457
0
0
0
0
0
5
255
280
1,007
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
180,513
53,975
88,774
1,380,565
6,442
4,069
4,100
5,100
0
0
0
309
524
2,032
5,907
28,012
12,906
12,399
2,746
7
48
40
1
33
1,700
600
0
1,200
900
380
4,300
0
0
0
0
697
2,039
30,430
19,967
0
0
0
0
27
5
5
255
750
Underground
Injection
Pounds
19,213,898
22,081,766
21,128,099
25,485,680
500
2,700
7,800
0
0
0
0
309,441
864,949
468,404
819,024
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6,300
0
65,581
139,342
257,000
5,400
4,900
4,700
2,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
34,000
0
0
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
421,294
662,049
563,133
1,330,695
0
0
0
5,100
0
0
0
328
427
935
2,875
250
16,150
9,550
11,640
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
255
250
Total
Releases
Pounds
22,871,079
25,834,696
25,150,069
36,492,808
6,954
6,773
11,905
12,700
10
15
15
382,715
918,467
524,917
868,179
41,361
58,188
50,396
66,769
36
60
42
33,692
778
2,520
10,133
14,162
49,528
112,123
245,469
650,685
5,424
4,924
4,724
2,015
21,419
45,917
82,286
119,122
0
0
0
0
34,027
1,225
270
1,057
4,265
244
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
* I* BO >1 M H
Table 3-23, Cont.
Chemical
Nitric acid
Nitrilotriacetic acid
5-Nitro-o-anisidine
Nitrobenzene
Nitroglycerin
2-Nitrophenol
4-Nitrophenol
2-Nitropropane
p-Nitrosodiphenylamine
N,N-Dimethylaniline
N-Nitrosodimethylamine
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
Parathion
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
to Recyclingฎ
Pounds
2,206,554
3,240,136
2,289,356
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
No
3,370
2,881
35,606
NA
0
3,088
2,683
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
3,400
2,230
39,204
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
No
No
No
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recoveryฎ
Pounds
44
539
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
11,244,281
10,629,195
14,116,684
18,442,846
0
8,556
0
190,753
0
0
0
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
2,228,420
3,792,013
8,608,911
22,781,030
0
0
0
254,859
5
10
255
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
2,608,501
4,004,687
3,934,347
7,929,318
0
0
0
250
0
250
250
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
250
33,614
9,314
48,202
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Reports Received 0
19,340
27,210
243,550
NA
2
250
8
NA
4,592
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
103
0
0
NA
15,000
15,000
2,200
NA
593,413
1,090,379
670,869
NA
288,124
435,854
326,969
1,301,075
39,006
68,952
87,122
3,581
42,430
429
11,441
1,600
923,001
820,002
561,290
0
12,298
4,100
2,837
8,910
0
0
0
0
37,849
132,993
84,654
465,397
118
23
100
5,671
52
40
86
53
130
0
140
149,000
245
411
21,067
560,428
0
0
0
3,000
0
0
0
0
164,986
161,693
206,399
287,483
790
14,297
8,403
69,570
6
0
0
2
0
0
221
13,100
4
27
0
70
0
63,962
33,650
4,785
0
0
0
180
0
0
0
772
0
0
4,048
750
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4,120
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Reports Received
Reports Received
Reports Received
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
474,000
498,400
470,000
300
7,847
6,502
361
1,321
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
505
3,959
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,307
0
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
18,288,050
21,700,184
28,958,612
NA
0
8,556
0
NA
5
260
505
311,742
480,265
618,676
NA
39,066
72,330
89,899
NA
47,152
429
11,802
NA
923,250
820,440
582,357
NA
15,801
74,412
75,691
NA
15,000
15,000
2,200
NA
796,248
1,385,065
961,922
NA
NA
474,000
498,400
470,000
NA
7,847
6,502
3,173
NA
245
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23. Releases and Transfers of TRI Chemicals Reported, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).ฎ
Continued.
CAS
Number^)
87-86-5
79-21-0
108-95-2
106-50-3
90-43-7
75-44-5
7664-38-2
7723-14-0
85-44-9
88-89-1
1336-36-3
1120-71-4
Chemical
Pentachlorophenol
Peracetic acid
Phenol
p-Phenylenediamine
2-Phenylphenol
Phosgene
Phosphoric acid
Phosphorus
(yellow or white)
Phthalic anhydride
Picric acid
Polybrominated
biphenyls
Polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs)
Propane sultone
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Forms
Number
39
42
44
55
15
19
14
8
676
687
670
632
8
9
10
13
19
18
15
15
33
32
36
37
2,678
2,685
2,704
2,523
51
50
58
73
178
178
190
179
8
8
7
5
1
1
No
1
16
20
26
122
1
2
No
3
Fugitive or Stack or
Nonpoint Air Point Air
Emissions Emissions
Pounds Pounds
5,673
7,470
6,991
8,133
661
2,589
1,110
766
1,929,310
2,998,717
2,537,565
4,526,592
342
2,737
1,054
2,210
25,409
6,957
8,403
9,010
3,035
3,596
2,279
3,839
490,193
317,185
327,403
727,537
25,089
27,894
21,801
9,049
90,810
116,402
112,654
126,906
2
2
2
251
0
0
Reports Received
250
0
0
0
6
250
250
Reports Received
0
5,220
6,224
5,517
5.896
2,660
3,379
3,982
4,687
4,804,052
4,758,150
4,173,288
6,027,710
3,177
2,710
2,497
111,680
1,089
17,865
1,054
1,620
2,660
1,684
2,109
17.764
745,085
868,395
1,002,483
1,235,303
5,195
2,397
3,847
11,559
389,629
633,330
520,170
422,823
2
1
1
1
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
2,541
3,127
2,278
2,465
53
14
10
55
126.951
167.007
169,856
258,950
1,004
0
0
826
57
97
224
480
0
5
5
500
175.861.627
158,674,836
114,333.359
122,647,164
4,987
4,808
2,273
11,322
457
5,240
13,169
1,040
1
2
2
251
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
Underground Releases
Injection to Land
Pounds Pounds
0
0
0
20,000
0
5
5
0
3.070,279
5,552.077
3.192,210
4.661,319
0
0
0
4,716
0
0
0
0
5
5
5
250
33,784
35,230
26,545
53,711
5
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
64,294
1,068,674
1,634,494
1,362,180
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
255
270
1,510
3,717
260
520
3,220
0
200,076
190,475
312,215
1,882,365
1,051
3
2
0
255
5
5
0
0
0
0
0
35,491,946
46,725,635
47,296,276
52,587,971
327,654
327,970
339,229
3,893,674
226
1,079
1,194
1,265
1
2
19
250
0
5
0
265
1
0
752
0
0
0
Total
Releases
Pounds
13,689
17,091
16,296
40,211
3,634
6,507
8,327
5.508
10,130,668
13,666,426
10,385,134
17,356,936
5,574
5,450
3,553
119,432
26,810
24,924
9,686
11,110
5,700
5,290
4,398
22,353
212,622,635
206,621,281
162,986.066
177,251,686
362,930
363,074
367,150
3,925,604
481,122
756,051
647,187
552,034
64,300
1,068,681
1,634,518
1,362,933
0
255
250
265
1
0
768
250
250
0
246
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
99 H 61 92 93
Table 3-23, Cont.
Chemical
Pentachlorophenol
Peracetic acid
Phenol
p-Phenylenediamine
2-Phenylphenol
Phosgene
Phosphoric acid
Phosphorus
(yellow or white)
Phthalic anhydride
Picric acid
Polybrominated
biphenyls
Polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs)
Propane sultone
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
to Recyclingฎ
Pounds
1,010
1,250
1,755
NA
0
0
0
NA
869,280
808,210
919,296
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
9,106,307
7,631,321
9,777,137
NA
162,841
166,372
146,785
NA
0
4,148
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
No
NA
0
18,920
14
NA
0
0
No
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recoveryฎ
Pounds
40,981
54,457
10,670
NA
0
0
0
NA
2,385,392
2,699,514
1,996,347
NA
0
0
0
NA
260
505
260
NA
0
0
0
NA
1,015
913
16,603
NA
0
0
0
NA
4,003,843
3,659,358
4,684,778
NA
0
0
25,000
NA
0
0
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
69,218
23,221
65,491
27,568
110
4,553
0
0
2,596,690
1,681,322
2,376,455
3,668,466
28,693
409
1,200
53,471
0
1,500
5
0
1,000
1,538
2,425
1,040
1,905,763
1,802,151
3,041,997
3,270,219
27,996
36,229
3,652
14,074
192,250
315,500
512,644
2,877,574
0
34
12,465
14,000
0
0
Transfers
to POT Ws
Pounds
1,133
900
834
4,728
3,689
2,474
1,672
0
3,817,033
4,548,089
5,370,885
6,046,640
3,830
4,298
3,239
6,277
3,687
2,667
4,858
6,400
0
0
0
0
4,265,830
4,905,132
5,337,052
13,996,695
2,355
255
266
646
5,295
4,800
252,054
53,441
0
0
0
0
0
0
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
34,860
99,899
186,845
518,105
0
0
0
0
1,404,159
1,175,394
940,182
2,518,461
7,900
4,800
13,000
64,452
1,005
515
510
250
0
10
5
480
2,156,222
1,198,684
1,680.753
5,303,543
5,467
259
506
195,013
157,425
251,349
279,776
3,976,682
0
0
0
0
0
500
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
0
90
0
0
2,312
0
0
0
25,087
25,892
107,900
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
15,234
737,831
615,565
743,381
0
0
0
946
0
660
1
21,803
0
0
0
0
0
0
Reports Received
NA
4
0
0
NA
0
0
0
857,363
1,243,879
774,559
5,154,943
0
0
0
265
0
0
250
0
0
0
164,205
427,320
112,850
488,732
0
0
0
0
0
0
23,550
0
0
Reports Received
NA
0
0
0
0
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
147,202
179,727
265,685
NA
3,799
9,339
1,672
NA
11,072,554
10,937,616
11,629,057
NA
40,423
9,507
17,439
NA
4,952
5,187
5.633
NA
1,000
1,548
2,430
NA
17,450,371
16,276,032
20,469,107
NA
198,659
203,115
151,209
NA
4,358,813
4,235,815
5,729,253
NA
0
34
37,465
NA
0
500
NA
1,021,837
1,690,119
887,423
NA
0
0
NA
247
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
U II M 91 92 B3
Table 3-23. Releases and Transfers of TRI Chemicals Reported, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).ฎ
Continued.
CAS
Number^)
123-38-6
114-26-1
115-07-1
75-55-8
75-56-9
110-86-1
91-22-5
106-51-4
82-68-8
81-07-2
94-59-7
7782-49-2
Chemical
Propionaldehyde
Propoxur
Propylene
Propyleneimine
Propylene oxide
Pyridine
Quinoline
Qumone
Quintozene
Saccharin
(manufacturing)
Safrole
Selenium
Selenium compounds
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Forms
Number
21
22
20
15
4
6
6
5
323
331
345
333
7
7
6
1
121
125
124
128
31
36
37
31
24
28
27
34
5
4
4
5
8
11
8
6
2
4
3
4
No
No
No
2
15
12
15
24
45
41
41
18
Fugitive or Stack or
Nonpoint Air Point Air
Emissions Emissions
Pounds Pounds
328,204
396,321
598,008
399,253
0
39
10
250
13,141,400
13,015,156
13,613,265
130,008
287,069
790,001
868,586
5
386
5
0
5,763,375
8,234,649
9,397,905
18,240,108 11,882,225
24
17
50
250
333,869
603,914
812,409
892,841
49,402
55,986
59,155
143,881
4,344
20,702
20,133
31,633
14,000
6,100
2,205
4,600
1,265
766
20
750
50
63
63
250
Reports Received
Reports Received
Reports Received
250
334
30
525
2,251
2,802
4,503
2,380
2,251
315
386
350
250
790,027
737,428
670,756
2,733,342
53,474
78,253
86,587
107,918
19,963
17,471
24,958
17,717
2,101
18,002
1,807
6,700
528
774
286
314
251
260
251
500
250
1,200
1,033
835
14,031
74,934
28,401
34,674
12,255
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
56
9
63
1,156
0
0
0
0
175,120
989
4,685
10,003
0
0
0
0
6,390
7,260
10,181
112,503
899
10,218
4,930
2,158
50
75
2,660
502
1,400
4
0
140
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
188
1,168
557
5,963
722
250
Underground
Injection
Pounds
63,995
63,940
66,741
930
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,151
200
20,710
1,113,780
412,200
508,615
370,750
491,775
63,000
59,000
23,000
0
0
27
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,300
3,700
4,100
3,400
Releases
to Land
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6,197
2,251
2,450
11,630
49
9
13
1,125
196
46
286
896
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
256
5
260
127,508
120,271
99,116
80,295
46,000
Total
Releases
Pounds
522,263
747,339
1,454,813
1,269,925
5
425
15
250
19,079,895
21,250,799
23,015,855
30,132,336
339
403
400
500
1,141,634
1,351,053
1,516,506
4,864,096
516,024
653,081
521,435
746,857
87,553
97,294
71,037
50,748
17,501
24,133
4,017
11,440
1,793
1,540
306
1,064
301
323
314
750
500
1,790
1,068
1,808
144,958
200,864
141,683
122,171
64,156
248
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23, Cont.
Chemical
Propionaldehyde
Propoxur
Propylene
Propyleneimine
Propylene oxide
Pyridine
Quinoline
Quinone
Quintozene
Saccharin
(manufacturing)
Safrole
Selenium
Selenium compounds
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
to Recyclingฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
5
NA
3,609
0
33,804
NA
3,609
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
170,000
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
No
No
No
NA
27,911
38,463
43,378
NA
229,327
271,351
22,485
NA
Transfers
to Energy Transfers to
Recoveryฎ Treatment
Pounds Pounds
13,333
14,339
5,100
NA
0
0
0
NA
2,188,040
2,891,581
2,640,000
NA
0
0
0
NA
95,414
572,206
1,361,220
NA
184,027
506,275
177,321
NA
16,015
210
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
373
105
NA
0
0
0
NA
Reports Received
Reports Received
Reports Received
NA
0
0
5
NA
0
1,270
0
NA
1
0
250
1,600
750
1,000
455
0
388,948
580,777
724,173
1,521,069
0
0
0
0
15,534
4,134
12,437
1.091
93,910
331,554
202,765
56,729
1,953
5,001
4,248
4,945
6,776
0
0
280
522,354
452,527
61,470
0
25,625
9,550
350
0
0
2,984
462
6,975
3,145
11,002
26,982
10,456
1,631
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
1,155
12,906
12,922
761
250
250
255
0
5
255
5
500
0
0
0
250
25,877
33,600
52,154
386,355
309,895
199,015
264,235
275,083
505
260
255
6,406
0
0
0
250
505
26
11
250
12
279
260
7,900
250
260
57
270
1,250
212
210
160
1,860
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
3,167
4,961
4,975
0
0
5
5
250
482
34
6,039
3,320
0
0
0
0
9,597
76,669
40,392
16,626
4,977
4,541
4,560
40,699
5,997
2,160
3,702
6,242
0
0
0
0
285
50
1,480
12,625
840
1,300
1,400
750
0
3,776
3,440
22,407
2,617
39,415
41,894
37,774
61,366
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
35
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
500
5
0
0
0
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
17,656
32,206
23,247
NA
1,000
1,255
715
NA
2,577,475
3,472,647
3,370.217
NA
0
0
0
NA
146,422
686,609
1,466,208
NA
596,418
1,041,385
682,685
NA
28,079
7,881
8,205
NA
6,776
0
0
NA
523,144
622,976
63,066
NA
26,477
11,129
2,010
NA
NA
34,931
42,427
73,035
NA
279,961
341,707
70,875
NA
249
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23. Releases and Transfers of TRI Chemicals Reported, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).ฎ
Continued.
CAS
Numberฎ
7440-22-4
100-42-5
96-09-3
7664-93-9
79-34-5
127-18-4
961-11-5
7440-28-0
62-55-5
62-56-6
1314-20-1
Chemical
Silver
Silver compounds
Styrene
Styrene oxide
Sulfuric acid
1,1,2,2-Tetra-
chloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachlorvinphos
Thallium
Thallium compounds
Thioacetamide
Thiourea
Thorium dioxide
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
9!
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Forms
Number
64
64
64
72
56
55
55
47
1,404
1,417
1,425
1,235
5
5
5
6
5,640
5,697
5,717
5,635
15
17
21
13
474
512
573
743
4
5
5
6
1
No
1
No
No
2
1
5
No
No
1
1
26
29
33
26
1
1
1
3
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
4,437
3,262
5,555
11,480
6,476
6,977
6,637
5,991
12,559,401
11,662,203
10,350,832
12,769,278
298
304
1,628
511
1,866,251
1,781,204
1,703.072
3,060,238
24,640
28,117
40,927
25,904
4,422,676
5,235,244
6,619,885
16,339,200
260
260
251
250
5
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
2,643
3,517
7,599
36,508
15,147
22,673
18,244
9,415
20,011,190
19,332,109
18,758,225
20,746,951
46
64
47
1,803
22,763,591
22,213,886
20,492,741
16,173,442
3,563
20,782
23,324
17,961
6,519,343
7,255,130
10,265,361
19,733,646
270
2,575
379
1
250
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
318
140
119
1,654
9,069
9,639
8,309
8,934
28,274
23.502
25.980
59,069
0
0
0
0
27,542,946
31,719,776
36,993,223
36,485,235
2,930
5,164
2,113
1,903
10,152
10,317
7,448
33,314
5
5
2
0
0
Underground
Injection
Pounds
210
0
28
0
100
24
25
250
132,607
83,170
22,080
165
0
0
0
0
105,872,094
98,631,395
94,720,218
138,707,333
0
0
0
0
15,041
12,780
14,000
72,250
0
0
0
0
0
Releases
to Land
Pounds
1,000
500
250
39,510
20,376
20,318
17,541
11,550
177,580
304,179
389,979
242,941
0
0
0
0
1,552,743
1,737,176
7,679,325
4,929,361
1
0
0
29
618,026
9,354
23,309
82,144
0
0
0
0
755
Reports Received
1
29
1
0
0
Reports Received
Reports Received
255
5
1
500
250
252
0
0
750
0
0
0
505
255
250
Reports Received
Reports Received
0
250
857
660
878
1,504
0
0
0
230
0
250
515
557
805
500
0
5
250
1,350
0
0
2,611
727
717
16,951
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,300
5,300
5,400
5,940
0
0
0
0
0
0
288
256
505
750
0
0
0
0
Total
Releases
Pounds
8,608
7,419
13,551
89,152
51,168
59,631
50,756
36,140
32,909,052
31,405,163
29,547,096
33,818,404
344
368
1,675
2,314
159,597.625
156,083,437
161,588,579
199,355,609
31,134
54,063
66,364
45,797
11,585,238
12,522,825
16,930,003
36,260,554
535
2,840
632
251
1,010
31
1,260
510
1,253
0
500
9,571
7,500
8,305
25,645
0
5
250
1,580
250
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
M H M II 12 M
Table 3-23, Cont.
Chemical
Silver
Silver compounds
Styrene
Styrene oxide
Sulfuric acid
1,1,2,2-Tetra-
chloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachlorvinphos
Thallium
Thallium compounds
Thioacetamide
Thiourea
Thorium dioxide
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
to Recyclingฎ
Pounds
643,597
979,856
985,166
NA
1,450,290
976,578
676,072
NA
1,074,823
1,064,486
113,007
NA
0
0
0
NA
1,182,623,222
994,718,970
719,447,354
NA
1,737,712
1,446,254
992,070
NA
6,033,800
7,759,959
10,899,318
NA
0
0
0
NA
750
No
0
No
No
75,905
1,500
NA
No
No
0
NA
0
0
335
NA
0
0
0
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recoveryฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
5,186,338
8,588,931
8,436,150
NA
0
0
0
NA
28,498
520,391
94,156
NA
0
0
17,800
NA
823,490
729,655
1,263,488
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
7,940
4,797
9,105
23,875
2,229
1,912
1,358
8,986
3,106,473
3,215,443
2,855,961
5,696,394
0
0
0
0
34,382,097
42,059,524
44,252,824
63,763,194
32,733
65,142
214,173
74,982
2,346,817
1,978,679
3,587,201
4,059,045
4,310
135,100
5,550
40,210
0
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
1,934
1,858
2,134
3,624
6,451
4,235
3,307
8,078
95.736
254,679
242,630
478,773
0
0
0
250
19,188,364
34,908,804
33,243,151
54,196,046
155
8,113
2,005
400
111,007
111,522
234,642
558,691
17
29
9
2
5
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
1,922
9,802
116,254
3,263
14,219
8,190
2,901
3,139
2,064,768
2,271,429
2,026,250
2,009,546
0
0
0
750
39,001,403
34,587,976
31,390,155
41,816,314
80
273
262
128,750
56,340
113,324
115,933
1,385,378
8,825
104,680
27,969
9,270
0
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
3,900
337
0
0
500
500
2,830
5
20,908
9,135
1,260,446
0
0
0
0
98,209
3,703,090
128,387
3,501,906
0
0
1
0
9,709
157,406
138,019
119,665
0
0
0
0
0
Reports Received
0
1
0
953
0
Reports Received
Reports Received
0
0
NA
3,900
0
250
5
5
6
250
0
1,000
0
0
0
Reports Received
Reports Received
0
NA
0
0
750
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
250
2,645
2,698
4,107
2,511
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,534
25,925
16,656
26,634
0
5
250
250
0
0
2,446
17,087
1,661
2,303
42,000
64,000
102,249
677,549
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
655,393
1,000,213
1,112,996
NA
1,473,189
991,415
684,138
NA
11,528,143
15,415,876
13,683.133
NA
0
0
0
NA
1,275,321,793
1,110,498,755
828,556,027
NA
1,770,680
1,519,782
1,226,311
NA
9,381,163
10,850,545
16,238,601
NA
13,152
239,809
33,528
NA
755
954
80,060
1,505
NA
0
NA
6,625
45,710
23,509
NA
42,000
64,005
102,499
NA
251
-------
, Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
m
Table 3-23. Releases and Transfers of TRI Chemicals Reported, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).ฉ
Continued.
CAS
Numberฉ
7550-45-0
108-88-3
584-84-9
91-08-7
95-53-4
52-68-6
120-82-1
71-55-6
79-00-5
79-01-6
95-95-4
88-06-2
1582-09-8
Chemical
Titanium tetrachloride
Toluene
Toluene-2,4-diiso-
cyanate
Toluene-2,6-diiso-
cyanate
o-Toluidine
Trichlorfon
1 ,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
1 , 1 ,2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Trifluralin
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Forms
Number
38
41
38
41
3,569
3,770
3,928
3,979
75
83
105
256
42
51
63
189
20
19
18
18
3
4
5
5
41
51
55
56
2,073
3,178
3.699
3,891
24
24
28
29
772
675
723
946
No
1
2
1
1
1
2
3
17
20
23
17
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
19,012
24,186
27,370
38,614
60,860,617
65,637,893
76,731,982
105,166,199
4,858
6,294
12,148
46,634
2,239
2,476
303,581
153,253
15,421
5,255
8,904
19,196
5
5
5
250
103,567
219,941
127,598
438,009
32,866,736
57,394,283
71,782,293
92,213,890
104,697
85,953
94,329
618,608
14,488,988
15,433,613
16,998,300
26,077,985
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
5,610
4,094
6,236
40,054
116,441,054
128,470,429
131,544,159
192,139,704
54,011
11,455
1,309,866
118,428
4,456
3,892
28,114
338,939
2,980
2,237
1,925
27,726
1
253
254
3
159,276
195,606
283,851
1,094,904
31,199,295
59,679,895
71,125,442
87,022,107
210,700
476,132
433,537
1,122,834
15,625,125
14,744,627
18,694,402
29,715,662
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
0
0
0
0
133,248
84,042
105,126
197,208
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,266
310
260
1,902
7
9
9
0
1,148
995
1,669
31,628
10,912
13,473
22,058
95,624
2,030
1,163
1,382
5,303
5,218
8,606
12,784
13,801
Underground
Injection
Pounds
0
0
0
0
967,496
1,573,891
1,374,207
1,473,666
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
24,600
31,800
21,100
250
0
0
0
0
5,118
1,200
3,134
7,408
2,528
561
2,805
1,000
0
0
2
0
460
466
800
390
Releases
to Land
Pounds
100
0
0
1,400
234,148
708,269
179,951
731,449
0
250
250
1,040
0
250
250
510
7
6,823
8,111
5,024
0
0
0
0
1,781
2,680
4,573
3,073
42,743
76,381
174,730
204,923
5
7
256
89
8,212
20,726
62,991
21,186
Reports Received
0
0
1
0
7
1
0
12,185
10,637
8,449
2,020
0
0
90
69
79
79
250
5,475
2,672
2,711
1,257
0
0
0
56
1
1
50
10
290
80
601
0
28,000
0
0
0
0
12,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
5
10
31,835
0
Total
Releases
Pounds
24,722
28,280
33,606
80,068
178,636,563
196,474,524
209,935,425
299,708,226
58,869
17,999
1,322,264
166,102
6,695
6,618
331,945
492,702
44,274
46,425
40,300
54,098
13
267
268
253
270,890
420,422
420,825
1,575,022
64,122,214
117,164,593
143,107,328
179,537,544
317,432
563,255
529,506
1,746,834
30,128,003
30,208,038
35,769,277
55,829,024
0
28,000
91
125
87
82
12,300
17,675
13,609
43,075
3,878
252
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data \
Table 3-23, Cont.
Chemical
Titanium tetrachloride
Toluene
Toluene-2,4-diiso-
cyanate
Toluene-2,6-diiso-
cyanate
o-Toluidine
Trichlorfon
1 ,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Trifluralin
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
to Recyclingฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
NA
31,193,360
30,096,035
26,171,587
NA
81,888
7,400
10,900
NA
20,497
1,770
1,950
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
520
48,070
85,165
NA
14,370,656
23,284,982
27,688,045
NA
12,136,563
8,905,509
8,179,318
NA
6,911,325
6,711,893
6,889,209
NA
No
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
250
250
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recoveryฎ
Pounds
86
0
2,688
NA
80,756,715
79,040,678
80,573,391
NA
16,620
1,020
12,911
NA
4,746
48
10
NA
41,913
232,901
62,900
NA
0
0
0
NA
30,930
80,454
68,617
NA
2,322,187
3,649,347
3,358,006
NA
23,308
1,000
0
NA
1,196,826
939,013
848,596
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
2,958,898
3,276,833
2,367,140
1,667,045
22,167,766
19,839,239
20,372,432
47,694,960
59,063
45,644
35,711
193,439
340
15,433
14,428
45,287
29,039
11,182
101,931
31,500
272
3,109
1,145
1,079
623,111
1,548,060
315,761
734,243
3,568,694
4,195,755
6,840,156
12,091,960
3,995,573
3,221,849
4,997,737
239,032
1,806,930
1,723,037
2,580,686
4,691,284
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
0
0
5
0
968,612
1,045,966
1,335,834
3,591,186
0
0
0
500
0
0
0
250
86,591
2,412
8,250
15,172
0
0
0
215
170,659
183,020
136,769
262,676
60,457
118,518
253,062
304,353
1,600
1,200
819
750
45,777
70,144
73,195
85,652
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
16
39,000
958
0
1,151,233
942,920
1,695,960
9,566,528
9,938
1,499
14,098
36,178
2,010
475
0
9,444
56
188
85
670
0
274
297
487
18,276
42,753
59,051
164,144
267,633
613,824
979,927
5,944,425
592
219
8,580
19,810
232,950
248,714
115,973
1,398,876
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
0
0
0
0
91,442
127,595
174,107
4,633,576
0
2,050
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,300
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
177,907
173,815
291,538
1,294,443
0
0
0
1,000
60,207
49,621
94,386
342,580
Reports Received
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
5
0
NA
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
17,628
44,573
26,604
149,989
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
67
32
141
371
0
0
20
0
0
0
10
18,856
25,332
50,013
40,557
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
2,959,000
3,315,833
2,370,791
NA
136,329,128
131,092,433
130,323,311
NA
167,509
57,613
73,620
NA
27,593
17,726
16,388
NA
157,599
246,683
174,466
NA
272
3,383
1,442
NA
843,496
1,902,357
665,363
NA
20,767,534
32,036,241
39,410,734
NA
16,157,636
12,129,777
13,186,454
NA
10,254,015
9,742,422
10,602,045
NA
0
0
NA
0
0
0
NA
36,551
70,192
77,008
NA
253
-------
;" Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23. Releases and Transfers of TRI Chemicals Reported, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).ฉ
Continued.
CAS
Numberฎ
95-63-6
51-79-6
7440-62-2
108-05-4
593-60-2
75-01-4
75-35-4
1330-20-7
108-38-3
95-47-6
106-42-3
87-62-7
7440-66-6
Chemical
1 ,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Urethane
Vanadium (fume or dust)
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Xylene (mixed isomers)
m-Xylene
o-Xylene
p-Xylene
2,6-Xylidine
Zinc (fume or dust)
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Forms
Number
699
645
557
287
3
5
8
11
12
13
19
32
154
151
156
147
2
2
1
2
45
50
49
53
24
23
23
21
3,371
3,449
3,587
3,448
61
70
62
68
81
85
93
66
49
46
48
48
5
3
2
2
418
454
473
645
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
2,345,237
2,260,902
2,873,648
2,019,468
12,200
3,200
0
140,500
4,769
2,015
2,875
3,135
1,188,547
1,079,209
1,102,854
1,470,627
257
28,300
260
4.000
306,661
382,412
390,319
421,882
58,578
55,540
74,224
104,552
25,653,790
26,741,579
29,135,376
34,482,978
1,236,772
874,961
888,807
1,480,104
1.310,688
1,434,884
1,146,683
1,613,292
1,268,116
1,039,431
1,314,514
1,737,827
83
33
5
0
830,106
670,618
768,219
1,944,168
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
4,276,394
3,102,993
2,715,630
2,320,975
0
0
1,800
4,623
6,407
11,930
14,722
14,029
3,012,385
3,073,769
4,382,994
4,450,994
1,400
4,600
3,300
950
707,301
730,744
657,366
1,016,887
136,746
188,781
213,416
191,801
85,535,823
85,263,251
92,573,195
123,435,726
424,684
387,026
509,426
982,939
641,424
683,067
603,135
628,522
3,170,089
3,137,671
4,066,812
4,340,922
27
26
16
337
850,500
910,739
1,205,415
1,515,369
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
17,549
8,481
15,846
10,088
0
0
0
0
3,200
4,250
685
4,704
1,341
7,208
9,900
10,021
0
0
0
400
277
902
4,625
2,051
192
1,306
794
3,462
51,944
41,498
52,147
204,480
2,798
1,397
2,260
2,566
1,180
1,868
6,507
2,786
749
1,868
1,076
3,200
387
0
0
1,537
66,802
47,289
27,924
849,544
Underground
Injection
Pounds
1,293
14,409
16,898
7,964
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,408,698
1,616,385
3,088,362
2,109,859
0
0
0
0
0
1
4
53
0
0
0
170
213,157
219,255
139,949
144,728
5
5
5
0
5
5
5
250
5
5
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
120,000
115
140,010
Releases
to Land
Pounds
16,771
511,202
17,737
61,583
0
0
0
0
36,000
83,250
74,730
87,296
1,626
5,249
7,237
18,889
0
0
0
0
6
3,106
250
4,409
20
14
15
429
203,182
1,434,651
283,432
558,257
3,751
6,189
3,274
18,045
1,143
5,967
1,706
22,461
631
4,101
3,723
49,226
0
0
0
0
10,449,577
15,308,784
9,215,354
25,617,365
Total
Releases
Pounds
6,657,244
5,897,987
5,639,759
4,420,078
12,200
3,200
1,800
145,123
50,376
101,445
93,012
109,164
5,612,597
5,781,820
8,591,347
8,060,390
1,657
32,900
3,560
5,350
1,014,245
1,117,165
1,052,564
1,445,282
195,536
245,641
288,449
300,414
111,657,896
113,700,234
122,184,099
158,826,169
1,668,010
1,269,578
1,403,772
2,483,654
1,954,440
2,125,791
1,758,036
2,267,311
4,439,590
4,183,076
5,386,130
6,131,175
497
59
21
1,874
12,196,985
17,057,430
11,217,027
30,066,456
254
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
H n to 11 ti
Table 3-23, Cont.
Chemical
1 ,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Urethane
Vanadium (fume or dust)
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Xylene (mixed isomers)
m-Xylene
o-Xylene
p-Xylene
2,6-Xylidine
Zinc (fume or dust)
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
to Recyclingฎ
Pounds
1,475,226
453,011
492,769
NA
0
0
0
NA
250
92
154,749
NA
826,472
1,139,485
1,136
NA
0
0
0
NA
151,324
158,159
236,549
NA
5
0
0
NA
36,861,435
39,483,032
40,354,090
NA
27,264
10,331
15,968
NA
7,223
135,247
10,249
NA
1,427
215
1,365
NA
0
0
0
NA
75,916,019
62,775,431
69,286,645
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recoveryฎ
Pounds
2,976,915
2,261,099
1,536,167
NA
0
0
0
NA
0
0
61
NA
8,463,013
5,897,704
3,648,193
NA
0
0
0
NA
11,613
2,731
59
NA
8
0
0
NA
70,497,637
64,625,353
67,000,425
NA
116,095
93,296
47,829
NA
1,865,351
2,327,216
2,614,447
NA
71,806
46,909
10,020
NA
0
0
0
NA
101,807
102.319
50,022
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
261,610
233,571
216,694
330,046
0
4,700
15,300
3,558
1,080
849
1,646
1,858
1,486,726
838,232
124,913
354,698
0
0
0
0
25,360
23,926
69,619
669,044
162,129
104,102
74,520
360,958
7,004,139
6,421,776
19,285,051
27,182,180
23,518
132,920
106,345
113,311
29,362
48,815
101,899
95,764
16,138
8,020
48,171
48,320
625
0
0
0
661,883
1,367,953
3,511,627
7,667,102
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
219,193
180,823
269,685
501,717
5,900
6,400
0
260
5
5
270
0
278,715
190,754
153,451
2,319,733
0
0
0
0
343
474
252
17,104
201
260
94
3,303
657,939
861,431
1,442,516
4,160,974
33,378
156,993
19,178
19,708
22,262
53,212
117,628
44,023
31,730
70,927
18,748
752
0
0
0
0
102,336
155,381
40,108
835,711
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
43,284
52,815
145,762
200,616
46,360
3,200
3,750
1,350
6,405
9,769
426,571
91,559
28,051
395,519
49,834
21,811
0
0
0
0
18,091
11,694
6,549
4,555
1
0
7
44,281
981,743
1,255,373
959,974
6,461,129
100,441
72,851
49,329
107,746
51,219
11,067
23,242
52,881
5,794
10,681
14,076
31,108
0
0
0
0
2,221,024
5,571,026
4,259,167
29,642,266
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
3,052
4,386
14,361
38,117
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
34,000
5,600
0
20,015
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,188
0
0
0
0
11,279
119,128
195,932
3,812,132
0
0
0
115
0
0
61,354
12,864
0
0
296
0
0
0
0
0
500
100,499
146,827
4,776,287
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
4,979,280
3,185,705
2,675,438
NA
52,260
14,300
19,050
NA
7,740
10,715
583,297
NA
11,116,977
8,467,294
3,977,527
NA
0
0
0
NA
206,731
196,984
313,028
NA
162,344
104,362
74,621
NA
116,014,172
112,766,093
129,237,988
NA
300,696
466,391
238,649
NA
1,975,417
2,575,557
2,928,819
NA
126,895
136,752
92,676
NA
625
0
0
NA
79,003,569
70,072,609
77,294,396
NA
255
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23. Releases and Transfers of TRI Chemicals Reported, 1988,1991-1993 (Alphabetically Ordered).ฎ
Continued.
CAS
Numberฎ Chemical
Zinc compounds
12122-67-7 Zineb
Mixtures and other
trade name products
Trade secrets
Total
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Year Forms Emissions
Number Pounds
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
2,463 1,501,719
2,417 1,535,800
2,350 1,539,900
1,644 3,242,390
Stack or Surface
Point Air Water
Emissions Discharges
Pounds Pounds
2,814,644 1,046,444
2,605,843 1,027,476
2,724,046 1,333,858
3,997,032 1,196,639
Underground Releases
Injection to Land
Pounds Pounds
176,143 67,413,392
127,197 76,536,317
228,007 108,767,702
109,555 113,284,711
No Reports Received
No Reports Received
1 5
2 250
47 86,411
60 39,985
157 245.343
175 628,029
14 2.850
16 4,400
14 801
6 0
79,072 480,245,942 1
81,228 541,139,839 1
83,625 618,630,741 1
78,208 840,042,600 1
0 0
1,000 0
18,952 5
20,656 0
680,758 7,463
2,822,591 78,910
525 0
48,385 0
79,743 1,400
0 19,700
,175,112,806 271,092,265
,307,162,497 276,111,371
,403,697,373 245,301,508
,866,954,765 311,587,802 1
0 0
0 0
0 2,412
0 32,950
1,540 4,852
0 16,099
0 0
0 20,000
0 0
0 0
575,994,149 288,973,564
725,821,103 340,179,498
709,185,109 416,714,015
,342,357,672 513,296,671
Total
Releases
Pounds
72,952,342
81,832,633
114,593,513
121,830,327
5
1,250
107,780
93,591
939,956
3,545,629
3,375
72,785
81,944
19,700
2,791,418,726
3,190,414,308
3,393,528,746
4,874,239,510
256
-------
Chapter 3 Year-to-Year Comparison of TRI Data
Table 3-23, Cont.
Chemical
Zinc compounds
Zineb
Mixtures and other
trade name products
Trade secrets
Total
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Transfers
to Recycling^
Pounds
226,610,466
232,524,416
182,193,783
NA
Transfers
to Energy
Recovery^!
Pounds
281,162
348,371
475,814
NA
Transfers to
Treatment
Pounds
11,016,676
36,543,849
6,745,843
17,832,721
Transfers
to POTWs
Pounds
522,228
591,271
649,409
1,527,297
Transfers
to Disposal
Pounds
88,033,585
45,978,362
41,931,027
67,204,260
Other
Off-site
Transfersฎ
Pounds
31,666
3,449,466
1,904,982
1,416,608
No Reports Received
No Reports Received
0
NA
443,745
418,077
1,474,618
NA
397,675
68,000
30,000
NA
3,248,969,990
2,933,685,469
2,288,542,499
NA
0
NA
18,662
62,342
135,210
NA
11,525
23,000
2,000
NA
486,303,735
472,252,568
443,312,792
NA
5
250
490,154
996,065
222,318
751,058
221,020
575,920
329,200
20,650
325,662,309
393,260,049
351,711,653
492,576,600
0
0
1,151
1,506
64,463
186,938
5
5
0
0
314,167,969
436,399,701
393,878,122
581,979,953
0
2,600
2,985
1,552,607
272,504
10,661,927
0
0
8,499
0
321,552,281
261,242,552
261,687,384
491,867,067
0
0
0
0
5,700
190,046
0
0
0
0
1,820,373
17,931,132
10,672,939
48,299,434
Total
Transfersฎ
Pounds
326,495,783
319,435,735
233,900,858
NA
5
NA
956,697
3,030,597
2,174,813
NA
630,225
666.925
369,699
NA
4,698,476,657
4,514,771,471
3,749,805,389
NA
Does not include data for aluminum oxide, delisted chemicals, or chemicals added in 1990 and 1991.
Compound categories do not have CAS numbers ().
NA: Transfers for recycling or energy recovery were not required to be reported for 1988.
For 1991,1992, and 1993, transfers reported with no waste management code or invalid codes.
For 1988, transfers reported with no waste management codes, invalid codes, or codes not required to be reported in 1988.
Because transfers for recycling or energy recovery were not required to be reported in 1988, total transfers in 1988 are
not comparable to total transfers reported for 1991, 1992, or 1993.
257
-------
-------
Chapter 4
TRI Reporting Profiles
for 33/50 Program Chemicals
-------
-------
TRI REPORTING PROFILES FOR
33/50 PROGRAM CHEMICALS
INTRODUCTION
The 33/50 Program, an EPA voluntary pollution
prevention initiative, derives its name from its
overall goalsan interim goal of a 33% reduc-
tion in 1992 and an ultimate goal of a 50%
reduction in 1995 in releases and transfers of 17
high-priority toxic chemicals (see Box 4-1),
using 1988 TRI reporting as a baseline. During
1988, 1.49 billion pounds of the target chemi-
cals were either released to the environment on-
site or transferred off-site to waste management
facilities. The aim of the 33/50 Program is to
reduce this amount by at least 50%744
million poundsby 1995, with an interim
reduction target of more than 491 million
pounds by 1992.
The 33/50 Program represents an innovative
experiment aimed at demonstrating whether
voluntary programs can augment the Agency's
traditional command-and-control approach by
achieving targeted reductions more quickly than
would regulations alone. The Program is part of
a broad group of EPA activities designed to
encourage pollution prevention as the best
means of achieving reductions in toxic chemical
releases and transfers. More than 19,000 TRI
facilities have reported 33/50 Program
chemicals to TRI since 1988. By contacting the
chief executives of the parent companies of TRI
facilities that report 33/50 Program chemicals,
the Program seeks to instill a pollution
prevention ethic throughout the highest echelons
of American businesses.
At the time the 33/50 Program was formulated,
1988 was the most recent year for which TRI
data were available, and the Program's baseline
and goals were set accordingly. Reductions that
companies achieved between 1988 and 1990
therefore contribute to the 33/50 Program's
national reduction goals. However, these prior
reductions should not be viewed as resulting
from the 33/50 Program, as companies were
first informed about the Program in February,
1991.
Many states, a number of industry associations,
and numerous individual companies include
33/50 Program chemicals within the scope of
their own environmental initiatives. Twenty-six
states had established toxics use reduction and
pollution prevention programs prior to
establishment of the 33/50 Program, and these
contributed to its design. Others have used the
33/50 Program as a model. EPA views the
33/50 Program as an umbrella under which the
federal government, states, industry, and
communities work in partnership to achieve
common goals. Any progress in reducing
releases and transfers of 33/50 Program
chemicals reflects the efforts of all these
partners.
Analyses of 33/50 Program progress consider
only those data elements facilities were required
to report in 1988: environmental releases and
transfers off-site for treatment and disposal
(including transfers to POTWs and transfers
with missing or invalid transfer codes).
261
-------
^tjff Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals
17 Priority Chemicals
Targeted by the 33/50 Program
Benzene
Cadmium and compounds
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Chromium and compounds
Cyanide compounds
Dichloromethane
Lead and compounds
Mercury and compounds
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Nickel and compounds
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Box 4-1. 33/50 Program Chemicals.
Transfers off-site for energy recovery and for
recycling are not included in 33/50 Program
goals.
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
Findings revealed in the 1993 TRI reporting
data are summarized below. The data them-
selves are presented in subsequent sections.
33/50 Program Chemicals
Continue Trend Toward Early
Achievement of 1995 Reduction Goal
Releases and transfers of 33/50 Program
chemicals were reduced by 100 million
pounds (11%) between 1992 and 1993,
bringing total reductions since 1988 to 46%
(685 million pounds), just shy of the
Program's 1995 50% reduction goal (see
Figure 4-1).
Facilities are projecting continued
reductions in their releases and transfers of
33/50 Program chemicals in 1994 and 1995,
suggesting that the Program's ultimate
reduction goal of 744 million pounds may
be achieved a year ahead of schedule.
Facilities owned by companies participating
in the 33/50 Program reported the highest
reduction levels and accounted for most of
the pounds of 33/50 Program chemical
reductions.
Between 1992 and 1993, facilities owned by
Program participants reduced releases and
transfers of the 17 Program chemicals by
20%. The rate of reduction achieved by
facilities owned by non-participating
companies was just 0.6%.
Participating companies accounted for 98%
of the reduction in 33/50 Program chemical
releases and transfers in the last year. Since
1988, facilities owned by participating
companies have more than halved their
releases and transfers of 33/50 Program
chemicals, achieving a 57% reduction.
Total 33/50 Program Chemical
Production-Related
Waste Projected to Decline
Total production-related waste associated
with 33/50 Program chemicals increased
slightly (2.9%) between 1992 and 1993, but
is projected to decline by nearly 6% in 1994,
while facilities expect other TRI chemical
waste to continue increasing (see
Figure 4-2).
Facilities owned by 33/50 Program
participating companies reported a slight
decrease in production-related waste (0.5%)
while facilities owned by non-participating
parent companies reported an 8% increase.
262
-------
Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals 1\P^
Millions of Pounds
1,750
1,500 -
1,250-
1,000
750-
500-
250-
1992 Goal:
997 Million
Pounds
1995 Goal:
744 Million
Pounds
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
Figure 4-1. TRI Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988-1993.Q
Participating companies' facilities project a
15% decrease in production-related waste of
33/50 chemicals by 1995, compared to a 7%
increase projected by non-participants.
Source Reduction Activity Highlights
33/50 Program chemicals again in 1993
evidenced higher rates (percentages of Form
Rs) and levels (total number of Form Rs) of
source reduction activity reporting than
other TRI chemicals. Nearly a third of the
Form Rs submitted for 33/50 Program
chemicals reported the occurrence of a
source reduction activity in 1993, compared
to a fifth of the forms for other TRI
chemicals. The 7,639 source reduction
activity reports for the 17 target chemicals
represented nearly 40% of the total for all
chemicals.
Individual 33/50 Program chemicals had
some of the highest rates of source reduction
activity reporting in 1993. The top three
TRI chemicals for number of forms
reporting source reduction activities in 1993
were 33/50 Program targets, and several
others are among the top 30.
Q The amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1993 have not been included in these totals.
263
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'T^J// Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals
-i.o
-3.0-
1991-1992 1992-1993 1993-1994 1994-1995
(Projected) (Projected)
D 33/50 Chemicals
Other TRI Chemicals
Figure 4-2. Percent Change in Total Production
Related Wastes, 33/50 Chemicals vs.
Other TRI Chemicals, 1991-1995.0
COMPANY PARTICIPATION
IN THE 33/50 PROGRAM
While the 33/50 Program does not have a fixed
goal for the number of companies electing to
participate, the Program nonetheless has placed
considerable emphasis on outreach to
companies in an effort to promote a pollution
prevention ethic as widely as possible.
Numbers of Companies Participating
Initial communications about the 33/50 Program
have been directed to the chief executive
officers of the parent companies of the more
than 18,600 industrial facilities that have
reported to TRI any of the Program's 17 target
chemicals from 1988 to 1991. At the close of
the Program's fourth year in February 1995,
almost 8,000 companies had been contacted by
EPA with invitations to participate. Of these,
1,272 companies have elected to enroll.
Q 1991 as reported on the 1992 Form R for the previous year.
Releases and transfers reported by facilities
belonging to these companies represent 63% of
the 1988 releases and transfers of 33/50
Program chemicals. Participants have pledged
to reduce voluntarily 368 million pounds of
pollution (see Figure 4-3).
The "Top 600" companies with the greatest
amounts of releases and transfers were the first
to be contacted and have been the focus of
greater outreach follow-up from the Program's
headquarters and Regional Office staffs. This
concentration on larger companies has proven
quite effective, with more than 60% of these
companies electing to participate. However,
less than 13% of the nearly 7,500 smaller
companies contacted by EPA since 1991 have
chosen to enroll.
The 33/50 Program continues to accept new
company participants, although efforts to
actively solicit participation ended in 1994.
While the Program's national goals are targeted
for achievement by the end of 1995, companies
are encouraged to set their own reduction goals
oriented to their own time frames. Program
participants have also targeted reductions for
after 1995, for other chemicals besides the
Program's 17 target chemicals, and for facilities
outside of the United States. Altogether, 33% of
participating parent companies have made at
least one of these types of extended pledges.
The 33/50 Program seeks to instill among its
participants a commitment to continuous
environmental improvement, not to confine
companies' initiatives within the boundaries of
the Program's national goals.
Reductions Pledged by
Participating Companies
Nearly 1,000 (78%) of the 1,272 participating
companies have provided release/transfer
reduction targets for the 33/50 Program totalling
264
-------
Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals ^pC^*
Participants
Number of Companies
Pledged Reductions
Millions of Pounds
1,400
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
1,272
1,216
1,041
734
236
1995 Goal
744 million
pounds
1992 Goal
491 million
pounds 354 355 36ฐ
304
201
1,400
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
July Feb. Mar. Mar. Feb. July Feb. Mar. Mar. Feb.
'91 '92 '93 '94 '95 '91 '92 '93 '94 '95
Figure 4-3. 33/50 Program Participant Status, February 1995.
368 million pounds. Those companies using a
baseline of 1988 accounted for 53% of the
releases and transfers reported by all Program
participants in that year, and their reduction
commitment represents slightly less than 50%
per company.
Many of the remaining Program participants
have also developed reduction targets, but have
structured them in ways that are difficult to
assess against the 1988 release/transfer baseline.
For example, some companies have reduction
goals that are indexed to changes in production.
If production remains constant throughout the
duration of the Program, these can be read as
direct reductions targets. However, where
production increases or decreases, the absolute
impact of the company's reduction pledge can
not be determined in advance. Accordingly,
EPA has not factored these commitments into
its assessment of total release/transfer
reductions anticipated to be obtained through
the 33/50 Program.
Other Program participants have developed
reduction goals that go beyond the goals of the
33/50 Program. Some have pledged to reduce
all TRI releases and transfers by specified
amounts or percentages, but have not indicated
specific targets for 33/50 Program chemicals.
Others have gone beyond targeting end-of-pipe
releases or transfers by attempting to reduce
their actual use of toxic chemicals, but have not
stipulated the impact such pollution prevention
initiatives will have on environmental releases
of 33/50 Program chemicals. As a result, the
368 million pounds of release/transfer
265
-------
&fii Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals
reductions represent a lower bound on the
reductions that companies are attempting under
the 33/50 Program.
Actual Reductions Out-Pacing Pledges
As evidenced in the TRI reporting data, actual
reductions being achieved by companies for the
Program's 17 target chemicals are exceeding
significantly EPA's conservative interpretation
of companies' reduction pledges. The 685
million pounds of 33/50 Program chemical
releases and transfers reduced between 1988 and
1993 is nearly twice the 368 million pounds
pledged by participating companies to be
reduced by 1995.
Some of these additional reductions result from
decreases being achieved by companies that are
not participating in the 33/50 Program [about
151 million pounds (22%) through 1993]. Some
are due to the efforts of participating companies
whose reduction pledges could not be factored
into the national total. Significantly, however,
companies that have made reduction pledges are
achieving greater results than even they
anticipated.
33/50 PROGRAM RELEASES
AND TRANSFERS
Releases and transfers of 33/50 Program
chemicals were reduced by 11% in 1993, a
slightly greater reduction than observed in 1992
(9.8%). As indicated in Figure 4-1, the 100
million pound reduction in releases and transfers
of the Program's 17 target chemicals between
1992 and 1993 brings total 33/50 Program
reductions since 1988 to 686 million pounds
(46%), just shy of the Program's 1995 ultimate
50% reduction goal of 744 million pounds.
Facilities are projecting continued reductions in
33/50 Program emissions in 1994 and 1995.
While facilities do not provide projections of the
releases and transfers they report in Sections 5
and 6 of Form R, which are used to measure
33/50 Program progress, projections are
reported for the quantities of TRI chemicals
managed in waste in Section 8 of Form R. (See
the following section of this chapter, 33/50
Program Chemicals in Waste, or the
Introduction to Chapter 2 of this report for a
complete description of Section 8 reporting
requirements.) Adding Section 8 projections for
releases (which include off-site transfers to
disposal) to Section 8 projections for quantities
sent for off-site treatment provides a reasonable
proxy for future facility reporting (in Sections 5
and 6) of on-site releases and off-site transfers
to treatment and disposal. However, these
calculations do not provide an exact match:
Section 8 calculations using 1993 prior year
reporting for 1992 understate facilities' actual
release/transfer reports for 1992 by 7.5%, while
for 1993, the Section 8 calculations overstate
Section 5 and 6 reporting by 1.8%.
Facilities project 33/50 Program chemicals-in-
waste releases and transfers to treatment to
decline by 15.5% in 1994 and another 6.9% in
1995. These projections offer strong
encouragement that the 33/50 Program's 1995
ultimate 50% reduction goal indeed will be
achieved, perhaps even a year ahead of
schedule.
266
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Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals ซ\t2sง2
33/50 Program Chemical
Reductions versus Reductions
for Other TRI Chemicals
Table 4-1 presents facilities' reports of on-site
releases and off-site transfers to treatment and
disposal of 33/50 Program chemicals versus
reports for all other TRI chemicals for 1988 (the
33/50 Program's base year), 1990 (the year prior
to EPA's initiation of the Program), 1992, and
1993. In order to control for changes in the TRI
chemical list over time, year-to-year
comparisons for non-33/50 Program chemicals
(labelled "TRI Chemicals Less 33/50
Chemicals") are based on a consistent list of
chemicals that have been reported under TRI for
all years 1988-1993. The trends in reductions
for each grouping of chemicals are depicted in
Figure 4-4.
Figure 4-5 highlights the dramatic change in the
reduction trends for 33/50 Program chemicals
versus other TRI chemicals that began in 1991,
the year that the 33/50 Program was initiated,
and continued in 1992, the Program's second
year. In the two years prior to the Program's
announcement, reductions in releases and off-
site transfers of other TRI chemicals
significantly out-paced those for 33/50 Program
chemicals: 24.2% vs. 15.4%. However, in the
first two years after 33/50's voluntary reduction
goals were announced, releases and transfers of
its 17 target chemicals were reduced at nearly
three times the rate observed for all other TRI
chemicals: a 28.3% reduction between 1990 and
1992 for 33/50 Program chemicals versus a
10.3% reduction for the remaining TRI
chemicals.
Interestingly, non-33/50 Program chemical
release/transfer reductions caught up with and
slightly surpassed those achieved for the 17
Program chemicals in 1993. Other TRI
chemical releases and transfers dropped by
13.1% in 1993, compared to the 11% decline for
33/50 Program chemicals. This is the first time
since the 33/50 Program commenced that
reductions for non-Program chemicals exceeded
those observed for the Program's 17 target
chemicals. This change in the reduction pattern
Table 4-1. Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals Compared to Other TRI Chemicals, 1988,1990,
1992-1993.Q
1988
1990
1992
1993
1988-1990
1990-1993
1992-1993
1988-1993
All TRI Chemicals
(Excluding Additions/
Deletions)
Pounds
6,488,962,564
5,047,042,788
4,299,247,742
3,754,621,658
Percent Change
-22.22%
-25.61%
-12.67%
-42.14%
TRI Chemicals
Less 33/50
Chemicals
Pounds
5,000,199,508
3,788,023,022
3,396,602,596
2,951,312,798
Percent Change
-24.24%
-22.09%
-13.11%
-40.98%
33/50
Chemicals
Only
Pounds
1,488,763,056
1,259,019,766
902,645,146
803,308,860
Percent Change
-15.43%
-36.20%
-11.01%
-46.04%
Q The amounts for recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1993 have not been included in these totals.
267
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ss&ฃ// Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals
Millions of Pounds
7,000
6,000 -
5,000 -
4,000 -
3,000 -
2,000 -
1,000-
1988
CJ1989
1990
D1991
El 1992
1993
All TRI Chemicals
(Excluding
Additions/Deletions)
TRI Chemicals Less
33/50 Chemicals
33/50 Program
Chemicals Only
Figure 4-4. Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals Compared to Other TRI Chemicals, 1988-
1993.Q
0 The amounts for transfers to recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1993 have not been included in these totals.
268
-------
Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals l
Percent Reduction
25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
1991-
1992
1992-
1993
D 33/50 Chemicals
Other TRI Chemicals
Figure 4-5. Year-to-Year Reduction Comparisons:
Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program
Chemicals vs. Other TRI Chemicals,
1988-1993.Q
occurred even though 33/50 Program chemical
release/transfer reductions were greater in 1993
than in 1992, and is explained in part by a
significant drop in underground injection of TRI
chemicals that occurred in 1993. Since
underground injection is utilized only
marginally for 33/50 Program chemicals (see
next section), these reductions had a
disproportionate impact on non-33/50 Program
chemicals.
In the 33/50 Program's first two years (1991 and
1992), reductions in the 17 Program chemicals
almost equalled those of the remaining 300-plus
TRI chemicals in actual pounds: the 356
million pounds of reductions for 33/50 Program
chemicals is just 9.0% less than the 391 million
pound drop for non-Program chemicals. In
1993, however, absolute reductions for other
TRI chemicals (445 million pounds) were more
than four times greater than the 100 million
pound decline for the Program's 17 target
chemicals.
The "leaders-in-reductions" role being played by
33/50 Program participants is also reflected in
the reduction performance of the individual TRI
facilities that use the target chemicals. Five of
the top 10 facilities showing the greatest
reductions in direct environmental releases
between 1992 and 1993 (excluding underground
injection), and 15 of the top 20, report 33/50
Program chemicals and are owned by
companies that are participating in the Program.
Of the top 50 reducing facilities, 38 report
Program chemicals and are owned by
participating parents.
33/50 Program Chemical
Releases and Transfers, by Medium/
Transfer Type and by Chemical
Releases and off-site transfers of 33/50 Program
chemicals are summarized by chemical and
release medium/transfer type for the period
1988 to 1993 in Table 4-2. (Box 4-2 explains
the presentation of 33/50 chemicals in these
tables.) The "Subtotal" column in the transfers
portion of the table represents those transfer
types (POTWs, treatment, disposal, and "other"
transfers) that are included in the 33/50 Program
goals. The "Total" column adds in transfers for
recycling and energy recovery, which have been
reportable to TRI since 1991 but are not
included in the 33/50 Program. Figure 4-6
presents a graphical representation of the total
releases and transfers for each chemical for
these years.
The amounts for recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1993 have not been included in these totals.
269
-------
3g$l Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals
Table 4-2. TRI Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988,1991-1993.
CAS
Number
7 1 -43-2
56-23-5
67-66-3
75-09-2
78-93-3
108-10-1
1 27- 1 8-4
108-88-3
71-55-6
79-01-6
Chemical
Benzene
Carbon
tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloro-
methane
Methyl ethyl
ketone
Methyl isobutyl
ketone
Tetrachloro-
ethylene
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloro-
ethane
Trichloro-
ethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium
compounds
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Forms
Number
469
474
486
481
74
90
102
96
175
180
183
170
1,065
1,131
1,293
1,668
2.418
2,48!
2,570
2,518
1,006
1,027
1,041
1,009
474
512
573
743
3,569
3,770
3,928
3,979
2,073
3,178
3,699
3,891
772
675
723
946
3,562
3,650
3,790
3,630
177
186
217
206
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
6,712,433
7,790,380
9,764,018
20,468,541
585,481
418,493
528,622
1,084,552
4,488,694
6,023,765
7,729,012
7,618,276
24,478,364
27,620,595
32,183,219
49,531,437
29,044,598
31,662,901
35,753,846
41,644,628
7,777,025
7,899,705
7,285,523
13,057,504
4,422,676
5,235,244
6,619,885
16,339,200
60,860,617
65,637,893
76,731,982
105,166,199
32,866,736
57,394,283
71,782,293
92,213,890
14,488,988
15,433,613
16,998,300
26,077,985
29,469,366
30,090,855
32,485,380
39,314,201
9,474
13,639
17,679
32,399
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
4,086,692
5,036,035
7,996,689
11,446,838
1,643,428
973,585
1,019,252
2,694,101
9,319,998
10,998,651
11,534,369
18,315,290
39,834,847
46,671,300
48,491,600
79.419,932
55,770,325
60,262,154
71,050,033
98,564,080
17,317,092
18,237,055
19,092,111
18,951,682
6,519,343
7,255,130
10,265,361
19,733,646
116,441,054
128,470,429
131,544,159
192,139,704
31,199,295
59,679,895
71,125,442
87,022,107
15.625,125
14,744,627
18,694,402
29,715,662
89,772,020
89,471,015
97,752,568
129,388,109
52,660
55,432
54,320
90,293
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
18,793
24,819
26,970
46,983
1,453
2,444
2,844
15,627
451,362
654,314
764,712
1,131,584
62,909
233,786
98,995
349.960
197,216
154,676
143,003
90,426
90,214
96,387
166,952
762,108
10,152
10,317
7,448
33,314
133,248
84,042
105,126
197,208
10,912
13,473
22,058
95,624
5,218
8,606
12,784
13,801
56,671
46,631
61,990
213,032
1,064
1,418
4,242
4,397
Underground
Injection
Pounds
363,660
355,683
824,342
825,035
34,332
45,984
42,470
98,054
38,039
50,240
65,089
36,002
956,098
1,183,867
1,317,706
1,478,833
360,927
365,395
355,736
255,962
131,600
129,100
161,600
116,650
15,041
12,780
14,000
72,250
967,496
1,573,891
1,374,207
1,473,666
2,528
561
2,805
1,000
460
466
800
390
213,172
219,270
139,964
144,978
977
1,211
1,540
2.409
Releases
to Land
Pounds
27,515
340,636
111,933
127,915
79
333
2,152
14,759
32,926
28,568
22,155
68,544
78,267
79,308
118,560
157,156
134,162
242,949
166,707
166,537
76,771
194,986
130,415
31,770
618,026
9,354
23,309
82,144
234,148
708,269
179,951
731,449
42,743
76,381
174,730
204,923
8,212
20,726
62,991
21,186
208,707
1,450,908
292,135
647,989
123,364
77,146
251,107
389,729
Total
Releases
Pounds
11,209,093
13,547,553
18,723,952
32,915,312
2,264,773
1,440,839
1,595,340
3,907,093
14,331,019
17,755,538
20,115,337
27,169,696
65,410,485
75,788,856
82,210,080
130,937,318
85,507,228
92,688,075
107,469,325
140,721,633
25,392,702
26,557,233
26,836,601
32,919,714
11,585,238
12,522,825
16,930,003
36,260,554
178,636,563
196,474,524
209,935,425
299,708,226
64,122,214
117,164,593
143,107,328
179,537,544
30,128,003
30,208,038
35,769,277
55,829,024
119,719,936
121,278,679
130,732,037
169,708,309
187,539
148,846
328,888
519,227
270
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Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals Cj-^i^
Table 4-2.
CAS
Number Chemical
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon
tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloro-
methane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl
ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl
ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloro-
ethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloro-
ethane
79-01-6 Trichloro-
ethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium
compounds
Transfers Off-site
Transfers for Treatment
Year to POTWs Disposal/OtherQ
Pounds Pounds
93 308,621 1,855,848
92 418,050 3,258,554
91 615,849 1,796,306
88 1,166,722 2,295,959
93 1,675 1,042,171
92 1,054 851,343
91 621 980,274
88 5,014 1,350,011
93 603,115 1,894,745
92 553,650 960,017
91 803,997 1,890,042
88 1,226,573 1,369,922
93 843,209 9,909,042
92 1,300,148 12,805,927
91 1,302,744 12,889,435
88 1,830,904 22.434,809
93 756,561 5,944,023
92 653,417 7,171,964
91 777,361 10,772,234
88 963,868 29,205,956
93 636,214 1,519,286
92 776,557 1,813,291
91 525,571 2.162,109
88 1,509,030 10,509,249
93 111,007 2,412,866
92 111,522 2,249,409
91 234,642 3,841,153
88 558,691 5,564,088
93 968,612 23,410,441
92 1,045,966 20,909,754
91 1,335,834 22,242,499
88 3.591,186 61,895,064
93 60,457 4,014,234
92 118,518 4,983,394
91 253,062 8,111,621
88 304,353 19,330,828
93 45,777 2,100,087
92 70,144 2,021,372
91 73,195 2,791,045
88 85,652 6,432,740
93 745,309 8,223,633
92 1,142,563 8,080,631
91 1,598,070 20,845,669
88 4,225,457 37,917,550
93 4,944 3,372,687
92 45,794 901,989
91 8,559 1,319,536
88 21,613 1,287,068
Subtotal
Pounds
2,164,469
3,676,604
2,412,155
3,462,681
1,043,846
852,397
980,895
1,355,025
2,497,860
1,513,667
2,694,039
2,596,495
10,752,251
14,106,075
14,192,179
24,265,713
6,700,584
7,825,381
11,549,595
30,169,824
2,155,500
2,589,848
2,687,680
12,018,279
2,523,873
2,360,931
4,075,795
6,122,779
24,379,053
21,955,720
23,578,333
65.486,250
4,074,691
5,101,912
8,364,683
19,635,181
2,145,864
2,091,516
2,864,240
6,518,392
8,968,942
9,223,194
22,443,739
42,143,007
3,377,631
947,783
1,328,095
1,308,681
Transfers
Transfers to Energy
to Recycling Recovery
Pounds Pounds
1,101,028 1,094,354
421,221 2,323,983
353,207 3,675,285
NA NA
111,626 4,109
345,452 24,455
390,625 11,061
NA NA
435,332 69,463
1,417,848 765,445
2,077,870 255,288
NA NA
20,970,440 3,241,821
28,919,951 4,074,526
28,472,665 3,771,339
NA NA
24,231,204 45,698,371
25,371,163 39,263,334
27,570,244 35,471,173
NA NA
22,879,916 12,169,416
20,221,693 17,380,409
17,836,398 19,033,586
NA NA
6,033,800 823,490
7,759,959 729,655
10,899,318 1,263,488
NA NA
31,193,360 80,756,715
30,096,035 79,040,678
26,171,587 80,573,391
NA NA
14,370,656 2,322,187
23,284,982 3,649,347
27,688,045 3,358,006
NA NA
6,911,325 1,196,826
6,711,893 939,013
6,889,209 848,596
NA NA
36,897,349 72,550,889
39,628,825 67,092,774
40,381,672 69,672,721
NA NA
2,181,549 1,142
2,047,074 3,302
2,263,368 7,480
NA NA
Total
TransfersQ
Pounds
4,359,851
6,421,808
6,440,647
NA
1,159,581
1,222,304
1,382,581
NA
3,002,655
3,696,960
5,027,197
NA
34,964,512
47,100,552
46,436,183
NA
76,630,159
72,459,878
74,591,012
NA
37,204,832
40,191,950
39,557,664
NA
9,381,163
10,850,545
16,238,601
NA
136,329,128
131,092,433
130,323,311
NA
20,767,534
32,036,241
39,410,734
NA
10,254,015
9,742,422
10,602,045
NA
118,417,180
115,944,793
132,498,132
NA
5,560,322
2,998,159
3,598,943
NA
271
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Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals
Table 4-2. TRI Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988, 1991-1993, Continued.
CAS
Number Chemical
Chromium and
chromium
compounds
Cyanide
compounds
Lead
and lead
compounds
Mercury and
mercury
compounds
Nickel
and nickel
compounds
Total for
33/50 Chemicals
Total for
All Other
TRI Chemicals
Total for All
TRI Chemicals
Year
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
93
92
91
88
Forms
Number
3,107
3,045
3,054
2,415
292
293
313
427
1,655
1,689
1,803
1,586
35
39
56
53
2,459
2,380
2,369
1,716
23,382
24,800
26,200
25,534
55,690
56,428
57,425
52,674
79,072
81,228
83,625
78,208
Fugitive or
Nonpoint Air
Emissions
Pounds
406,770
474,918
437,245
627,725
109,667
146,738
125,875
657,222
453,147
644,682
652,038
839,233
11,856
11,955
12,958
16,797
225,313
579,020
400,136
423,719
216,411,205
257,078,679
299,508,011
415,113,508
263,834,737
284,061,160
319,122,730
424,929,092
480,245,942
541,139,839
618,630,741
840,042,600
Stack or
Point Air
Emissions
Pounds
423,644
448,600
543,947
702,491
3,023,002
3,249,962
2,014,049
1,702,448
1,273,891
1,296,114
1,289,907
1,822,159
4,267
5,416
8,330
8,484
275,493
290,386
328,073
293,576
392,582,176
447,145,786
492,804,612
692,010,602
782,530,630
860,016,711
910,892,761
1,174,944,163
1,175,112,806
1,307,162,497
1,403,697,373
1,866,954,765
Surface
Water
Discharges
Pounds
250,435
285,703
353,123
397,968
98,062
87,301
120,504
196,962
75,093
74,265
139,248
242,159
446
575
676
1,656
94,194
111,124
131,679
224,427
1,557,442
1,889,881
2,162,354
4,017,236
269,534,823
274,221,490
243,139,154
307,570,566
271,092,265
276,111,371
245,301,508
311,587,802
Underground
Injection
Pounds
42,762
32,470
35,134
54,902
3,110,685
3,765,225
4,727,763
5,445,176
1,768
2,888
928
2,760
15
9
9
27
133,238
297,762
370,948
239,263
6,372,798
8,036,802
9,435,041
10,247,357
569,621,351
717,784,301
699,750,068
1,332,110,315
575,994,149
725,821,103
709,185,109
1,342,357,672
Releases
to Land
Pounds
23,832,948
24,156,909
25,960,722
40,215,263
6,055
12,953
22,180
108,969
14,287,079
13,987,160
17,033,155
26,684.305
1,812
3,139
5,294
13,529
3,292,612
3,732,437
1,701,734
3,637,777
43,005,426
45,122,162
46,259,230
73,303,944
245,968,138
295,057,336
370,454,785
439,992,727
288,973,564
340,179,498
416,714,015
513,296,671
Total
Releases
Pounds
24,956,559
25,398,600
27,330,171
41,998,349
6,347,471
7,262,179
7,010,371
8,110,777
16,090,978
16,005,109
19,115,276
29,590,616
18,396
21,094
27,267
40,493
4,020,850
5,010,729
2,932,570
4,818,762
659,929,047
759,273,310
850,169,248
1,194,692,647
2,131,489,679
2,431,140,998
2,543,359,498
3,679,546,863
2,791,418,726
3,190,414,308
3,393,528,746
4,874,239,510
272
-------
Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals \O-^
Table 4-2, Cont.
CAS
Number Chemical
Chromium
and chromium
compounds
Cyanide
compounds
Lead and
lead compounds
Mercury
and mercury
compounds
Nickel
and nickel
compounds
Total for
33/50 Chemicals
Total for
All Other
TRI Chemicals
Total for All
TRI Chemicals
Transfers Off-site
Transfers for Treatment
Year to POTWs Disposal/OtherQ
Pounds Pounds
93 443,461 34,946,871
92 947,121 19,018,511
91 940,780 20,378,515
88 2,080,868 26,800,100
93 100,184 477,812
92 88,027 635,105
91 121,476 714,580
88 1,152,828 2,719,248
93 139,125 26,323,018
92 358,126 37,611,890
91 335,652 20,926,102
88 213,423 31,195.505
93 21 74,706
92 22 239,781
91 314 153,816
88 1,892 275,017
93 219,692 9,870,359
92 252,193 11,976,032
91 388,355 9,232,462
88 902,763 13,646,458
93 5,987,984 137,391,829
92 7,882,872 135,488,964
91 9,316,082 141,047,398
88 19,840,837 274,229,572
93 308,179,985 511.643,134
92 428,516,829 536,944,769
91 384,562,040 483,024,578
88 562,139,116 758,513,529
93 314,167,969 649,034,963
92 436,399,701 672,433,733
91 393,878,122 624,071,976
88 581.979,953 1,032,743,101
Subtotal
Pounds
35,390,332
19.965,632
21,319,295
28,880,968
577,996
723,132
836,056
3,872,076
26,462,143
37,970,016
21,261,754
31,408,928
74,727
239,803
154,130
276,909
10,090,051
12,228,225
9,620,817
14,549,221
143,379,813
143,371,836
150,363,480
294,070,409
819,823,119
965.461.598
867,586,618
1,320,652,645
963,202,932
1,108,833,434
1,017,950,098
1.614,723,054
Transfers
Transfers to Energy
to Recycling Recovery
Pounds Pounds
124,075,218 31,061
99,174,280 89,965
68,792,255 123,934
NA NA
24,600 2,261
94,518 500
82.410 500
NA NA
291,053,994 83,202
403,989,489 59.068
223,965,984 69,482
NA NA
23,639 0
51,455 1
465,489 5
NA NA
90,127,604 13,405
80,374,621 34,628
66,310,972 19,983
NA NA
672,622,640 220,058,712
769,910,459 215,471,083
550,611.318 218,155,318
NA NA
2,576,347,350 266,245,023
2,163,775,010 256.781,485
1,737,931,181 225,157,474
NA NA
3,248,969,990 486,303,735
2,933,685,469 472,252,568
2,288,542,499 443,312,792
NA NA
Total
Transfers^)
Pounds
159,496,611
119,229,877
90,235,484
NA
604,857
818,150
918,966
NA
317,599.339
442,018,573
245.297,220
NA
98,366
291,259
619,624
NA
100,231,060
92,637,474
75,951,772
NA
1,036.061,165
1,128,753,378
919,130.116
NA
3,662,415,492
3,386.018,093
2,830,675,273
NA
4,698,476,657
4,514,771,471
3,749,805,389
NA
O "Other" indicates: For 1991, 1992, and 1993, transfers reported with no waste management codes or invalid codes. For 1988,
transfers reported with no waste management codes, invalid codes, or codes not required to be reported in 1988.
Q Because transfers for recycling and energy recovery were not required to be reported in 1988, total transfers in 1988 are not
comparable to total transfers reported for 1991, 1992, or 1993.
273
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,/;' Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals
33/50 Program Chemical Identities
In the tables in this chapter, the 33/50 Program
chemicals appear in alphabetical order by organic
chemicals followed by inorganic chemicals.
Xylenes and the inorganic chemicals have been
grouped into categories, as shown below. The 10
individual organic chemicals and the seven groups
constitute the 17 high-priority chemicals targeted by
the 33/50 Program.
Organic chemicals
71-43-2
56-23-5
67-66-3
75-09-2
78-93-3
108-10-1
127-18-4
108-88-3
71-55-6
79-01-6
Xylenes
108-38-3
95-47-6
106-42-3
1330-20-7
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
m-Xylene
o-Xylene
p-Xylene
Xylene (mixed isomers)
Inorganic chemicalsQ
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
7440-43-9 Cadmium
Cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
7440-47-3 Chromium
Chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
74-90-8 Hydrogen cyanide
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
7439-92-1 Lead
Lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
7439-97-6 Mercury
Mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
7440-02-0 Nickel
Nickel compounds
Box 4-2. 33/50 Program Chemical Identities.
Figure 4-7 shows the percentage reduction for
the 11 organic chemicals and their compounds
and the six inorganic chemical compounds, as
well as for the total 33/50 chemicals. All
percentages are calculated from a 1988 baseline.
As the figure shows, releases and transfers of
organic chemicals have steadily declined from
1988 to 1993 for a total reduction of nearly 46%
over the time period. Releases and transfers of
inorganic compounds, on the other hand,
decreased from 1988 to 1991, then began
increasing, with a result that, in total, releases
and transfers of inorganics have decreased less
than 23% from 1988 to 1993. Because the
inorganics account for a much smaller
percentage of the total releases and transfers of
33/50 Program chemicals, however, their
relatively small percentage decrease has had
little impact on the total percentage reduction of
33/50 chemicals.
The 11 organic chemicals accounted for 94% of
all reductions in 33/50 chemicals between 1988
and 1993, while inorganics accounted for 6% of
total reductions. There are two reasons for this
result. First, organics accounted for a much
larger percent of total releases and transfers in
1988 than inorganics (89% vs 11%). Second,
the percentage reduction in releases and
transfers of organics was much larger from
1988-1993 than for inorganics (49% vs 23%).
Five chemicals accounted for 78% of total
reductions in 33/50 Program releases and
transfers between 1988 and 1993:
dichloromethane (12%), methyl ethyl ketone
(11%), toluene (24%) 1,1,1-trichloroethane
(19%), and xylenes (12%).
These results are not surprising given that these
five organic chemicals were the largest source
of releases and transfers of 33/50 chemicals in
1988 (74%). These chemicals still comprise
Compound categories do not have CAS numbers ().
274
-------
Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals mp^
Benzene
Carbon
tetrachlonde
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl
ketone
Methyl isobutyl
ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and
lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
w
B1988
D 1989
1990
D 1991
B1992
50 100
150 200 250
Millions of Pounds
300 350 400
Figure 4-6. TRI Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, by Chemical, 1988-1993.Q
Q The amounts for recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1993 have not been included in these totals.
275
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j$! Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals
-10.0-
-20.0 -
-30.0 -
-40.0 -
-50.0 -
-60.0
1988-89 1988-90 1988-91 1988-92 1988-93
Organics
D Inorganics
Total 33/50 Program Chemicals
Figure 4-7. Percentage Change in Releases and
Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals
(Organics vs. Inorganics), 1988-1993.ฎ
nearly 11% of all releases and transfers of 33/50
chemicals. All organics represent 84% of total
releases and transfers of 33/50 chemicals.
Inorganics, however, are increasing in
prominence, representing 16% of total releases
and transfers of 33/50 Program chemicals in
1993, up from 11% in 1988. Lead and
compounds and chromium and compounds are
the most important inorganics, accounting for
5% and 8% respectively of total releases and
transfers of 33/50 chemicals in 1993. Cadmium
and compounds had a large percentage increase
during the time period, but because total
quantities of these compounds are small, the
impact on total releases and transfers was
negligible.
Figure 4-8 shows the percent change in releases
and transfers of 33/50 Program chemicals from
1988 to 1993 for each chemical. With the
exception of mercury and compounds, the
inorganic chemicals (presented at the bottom of
the figure) show smaller percentage decreases
than observed for the 11 organic chemicals
between 1988 and 1993, and releases and
transfers of one of the inorganics (cadmium and
compounds) actually increased, nearly doubling.
Figure 4-9 presents a graphical representation of
the data in Table 4-2 by release medium and
transfer type for the years 1988 to 1993. Figure
4-10 shows the percent change in releases and
transfers from 1988 to 1993 by release medium
and transfer type. Figure 4-11 shows the
contribution of each release medium and
transfer type to total reductions in releases and
transfers of 33/50 chemicals from 1988 to 1993.
As these diagrams show, the largest quantity
reductions in releases and transfers have
occurred in air emissions. Reductions in these
sources account for 73% of total reductions in
releases and transfers of 33/50 chemicals. All
sources, however, have experienced significant
percentage reductions.
Transfers to Energy
Recovery and Recycling
As described in Chapter 2, the Pollution
Prevention Act of 1990 (PPA) substantially
expanded the scope of TRI to include reporting
on additional toxic chemical management
activities. Off-site transfers to energy recovery
and recycling processes are now reported in
Section 6 of Form R in addition to the
previously reported transfers to POTWs and
other treatment and disposal facilities.
(J!) The amounts for recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1993 have not been included in these totals.
276
-------
Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals \\\^-2*///
'
Benzene
Carbon
tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl
ketone
Methyl isobutyl
ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and
lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
-80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40
Percentage Change
60
80
100
Figure 4-8. Percentage Change in Total Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988-1993.ฎ
(]) The amounts for recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1993 have not been included in these totals.
277
-------
/l Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals
Millions of Pounds
700
600-
500-
400-
300-
200-
100-
1988
HI 989
1990
D1991
D1992
1993
Fugitive Stack Surface Under- Releases Transfers Transfers to
Air Air Water ground to Land to POTWs Treatment/
Emissions Emissions Discharges Injection Disposal/
Other Off-site
Figure 4-9. TRI Releases and Transfers of 33/50 Program Chemicals, by Release Medium and Transfer Type,
1988-1993.ฎ
(g The amounts for recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1993 have not been included in these totals.
278
-------
Fugitive Air
Emissions
Stack Air
Emissions
Surface Water
Discharges
Underground
Injection
Releases
to Land
Transfers
to POTWs
Treatment/Disposal/
Other Transfers
Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals \v-
-75 -60 -45 -30 -15
Percentage Change
Figure 4-10. Percentage Change in Releases and
Transfers by Release Medium or
Transfer Type, 1988-1993.ฎ
Transfers to
POTWs
2.0%
Releases to
Land
4.4%
Stack Air
Emissions
43.7%
Treatment/
Disposal/
Other
Transfers
20.0%
Fugitive Air
Emissions
29.0%
Less than 1.0%
Underground Iniection
Surface Water Discharges
Figure 4-11. Contribution to Reductions in Releases
and Transfers of 33/50 Program
Chemicals by Release Medium or
Transfer Type, 1988-1993.ฎ
Facilities' reports of transfers to energy
recovery and recycling for 1991-1993 are
presented after the "Subtotal" column in Table
4-2. The absence of reporting requirements for
these activities in 1988 is reflected by "NA."
Transfers to energy recovery (220.1 million
pounds) and transfers to recycling (672.6
million pounds) in 1993 again substantially
exceeded the total for all previously reported
types of off-site transfers of 33/50 Program
chemicals (143.4 million pounds). Transfers to
energy recovery increased slightly in 1993
(2.1%), while transfers to recycling decreased
significantly (12.6%) after increasing by 40% in
1992.
33/50 PROGRAM CHEMICALS
IN WASTE
In Section 8 of Form R, which was made
mandatory under the PPA starting with the 1991
reporting year, facilities report the amounts of
toxic chemicals:
recycled or reused in on-site processes and/
or sent off-site for recycling;
combusted in on-site and/or sent to off-site
energy recovery systems;
destroyed in on-site treatment systems and/
or sent to off-site treatment facilities;
released to the environment as a result of on-
site operations plus the amounts shipped off-
site for disposal.
The amounts for recycling and energy recovery reported for 1991-1993 have not been included in these totals.
279
-------
m$ Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals
Table 4-3. Total Production-Related Waste for 33/50 Chemicals Compared to Other TRI Chemicals, 1991-1995.
1991ฉ
1992
1993
1994ฉ
1995ฉ
1991-1993
1993-1995ฉ
1991-1995ฉ
All TRI Chemicals
Pounds
32,755,040,741
32,884,508,120
33,498,461,670
33,447,534,630
33,986,505,265
Percent Change
2.3%
1.5%
3.8%
TRI Chemicals
Less 33/50
Chemicals
Pounds
27,239,462,028
27,062,076,135
27,508,791,099
27,806,339,673
28,321,019,790
Percent Change
1.0%
3.0%
4.0%
33/50
Chemicals
Only
Pounds
5,515,578,713
5,822,431,985
5,989,670,571
5,641,194,957
5,665,485,475
Percent Change
8.6%
-5.4%
2.7%
Section 8 reporting items described above
pertain only to chemical quantities contained in
waste that are the result of regular production-
related activities. Toxic chemical quantities
contained in waste that are generated at the
facility through non-routine activities, such as
spill clean-ups and catastrophic events, are
reported in a separate Section 8 reporting item.
Each of the items reported for production-
related waste in Section 8 is reported in
aggregate, by chemical, for the reporting year
(1993), the prior year (1992), and forecast by
facilities for the two successive years (1994 and
1995).
Analysts will note significant discrepancies
between reported off-site transfers to recycling
in Sections 6 and 8 of Form R. Less significant
discrepancies can also be observed in the
reporting of off-site shipments to energy
recovery and treatment. The causes and
meaning of these discrepancies are discussed in
Chapter 2.
Throughout this chapter, 1991 data are drawn
from prior year reports by facilities in their 1992
Form R submissions. 1992 and 1993 data are
actual quantities reported in 1993 Form Rs, and
1994 and 1995 data represent facilities' future
years' projections reported on 1993 Form R's.
Table 4-3 presents facilities' reports of total
production-related waste for 33/50 Program
chemicals versus reports for all other TRI
chemicals for 1991-1995. All forms submitted
for TRI chemicals for the two years 1992 and
1993 are included. The trends in reductions for
each grouping of chemicals are depicted in
Figure 4-2 presented at the beginning of this
chapter.
Total production-related waste associated with
33/50 Program chemicals increased slightly
(2.9%) in 1993, a much reduced rate from that
experienced in 1992 (5.6%). Production waste
(J) As reported for the previous year on 1992 Form Rs .
ฉ Projected amounts.
280
-------
Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals \&j-ss*
for non-Program chemicals also increased in
1993, but by a somewhat smaller proportion
(1.7%).
Facilities are projecting a significant reduction
in production waste of 33/50 Program chemicals
in 1994, a 5.8% decline. At the same time,
production-related waste for other TRI
chemicals is expected to again increase slightly
(1.1%). Projections for 1995 suggest no change
in 33/50 Program chemical waste, while non-
Program chemical waste is forecast to continue
its slow but steady rise by an additional 2%.
Analyses of facility projections, particularly as
national aggregates, should be viewed with
caution. Forecasting waste generation is an
imprecise art, and facilities are not bound by
their estimates for future years. A review of our
analysis of facilities' 1992 TRI reports
reinforces this point. On page 284 of the 1992
Public Data Release report, we observed that
facilities were projecting a decline of nearly 4%
in their production waste for 33/50 Program
chemicals in 1993. Actual data subsequently
reported for 1993 showed an increase of nearly
3%.
Facilities owned by 33/50 Program participating
companies reported reductions in production-
related waste for 33/50 Program chemicals,
while facilities of non-participants reported
increases. Those belonging to participating
companies reported a 0.5% decrease from 1992
to 1993 and projected an additional 15%
decrease from 1993 to 1995. Those facilities
belonging to non-participating companies
reported an 8% increase from 1993 to 1995 and
projected a similar 7% increase from 1993 to
1995.
33/50 Program Chemicals
in Waste, by Medium/
Management Method and by Chemical
Production-related waste for 33/50 Program
chemicals is summarized by chemical and waste
management method for the period 1991 to
1995 in Tables 4-4 through 4-8. Figure 4-12
presents a graphical representation of the total
production-related waste for each chemical for
these years.
Figure 4-13 shows these data in terms of the
percent change in total production-related waste
for the periods 1991-1993 (actual change) and
1993-1995 (projected change).
From 1991 to 1993, total production-related
waste decreased significantly (over 50 million
pounds for each of four chemicals) in terms of
quantity for 1,1,1-trichloroethane (156 million
pounds), benzene (120 million pounds), lead
and compounds (94 million pounds), and methyl
isobutyl ketone (54 million pounds). Total
production-related waste of three other
chemicals, carbon tetrachloride,
tetrachloroethylene, and chloroform, decreased
significantly on a percentage basis (over 10%).
Production/import of 1,1,1 -trichloroethane and
carbon tetrachloride is banned in the United
States after January 1, 1996.
From 1991 to 1993, total production-related
waste increased over 50 million pounds each for
four chemicals: toluene (613 million pounds),
chromium and compounds (119 million
pounds), trichloroethylene (72 million pounds),
and xylene (65 million pounds). On a
percentage basis, total production-related waste
increased by over 10% for an additional three
chemicals: mercury and compounds, cadmium
and compounds, and nickel and compounds.
The increase in total production-related waste
for these chemicals suggests that the decrease in
281
-------
mjl Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals
Table 4-4. Quantity of 33/50 Chemicals Recycled On-slte and Off-site, by Chemical, 1991-1995.ฎ
CAS
Number
Chemical
1991
Recycled
Pounds
1992
Recycled
Pounds
1993
Recycled
Pounds
Projected Data
1994
Recycled
Pounds
1995
Recycled
Pounds
Recycled On-site
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compoundsฎ
Nickel and nickel compounds
170,751,241
10,540,016
5,924,899
72,046,695
152,220,826
110,036,801
95,135,088
595,782,778
190,012,133
221,288,591
118,379,096
3,610,253
65,509,364
3,523,828
774,811,943
1,118,830
47,342,031
58,140,117
9,236,700
6,502,899
74,553,992
167,239,880
57,776,059
73,767,202
1,038,335,627
160,864,056
293,278,354
112,874,807
11,749,796
63,740,754
632,924
701,521,076
1,597,398
45,123,020
64,592,187
2,550,095
4,968,367
86,323,177
170,138,600
50,396,415
75,066,459
1,159,918,428
111,402,660
293,306,078
124,956,236
4,085,968
72,122,696
575,782
682,260,064
13,969,063
48,652,367
57,933,552
2,967,261
4,788,270
70,650,427
172,326,231
46,634,071
66,125,470
1,077,941,693
94,457,572
270,421,086
120,414,398
4,254,187
66,602,127
560,672
587,405,788
14,009,246
66,699,132
57,948,453
2,287,051
4,299,120
74,756,704
256,172,729
43,383,419
60,848,582
1,075,531,359
81,103,230
180,004,285
122,050,873
4,250,378
62,037,898
562,271
516,429,330
14,046,905
78,241,543
Recycled Off-site
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
1,420,007
390,924
2,094,019
26,563,629
24,414,975
16,670,629
12,004,595
25,372,734
26,605,801
7,275,576
33,647,064
1,860,251
100,263,398
46,631
295,857,177
60,547
81,086,951
565,557
290,483
1,417,917
24,946,875
25,226,050
19,388,510
9,388,106
29,683,884
19,297,809
6,395,902
36,070,567
1,632,131
112,502,108
15,226
266,314,184
51,388
85,609,029
1,079,229
111,606
435,102
21,079,024
21,612,758
23,026,951
7,712,315
31,868,427
14,606,493
7,091,492
36,142,814
2,086,210
127,799,872
15,533
291,107,147
24,288
93,936,825
587,808
107,764
452,586
17,210,281
18,867,392
22,606,704
7,249,241
21,941,647
6,658,052
6,773,498
35,024,904
1,969,814
129,133,371
12,837
287,000,510
329,650
97,214,709
538,656
107,714
452,036
14,007,676
18,967,066
21,910,014
7,027,729
21,217,897
3,218,518
5,767,852
34,785,644
1,990,990
150,125,384
13,291
289,885,188
26,950
98,108,484
Data from 1991 as reported on 1992 forms; all other years from 1993 forms.
A reporting error by one facility resulted in on-site recycling of mercury being overstated by nearly 13 million pounds for 1993,
1994, and 1995. At the time this error was detected, it was too late to correct the tables and figures presented in this report.
282
-------
Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals C^gg
Table 4-5. Quantity of 33/50 Chemicals Used for Energy Recovery On-site and Off-site, by Chemical, 1991-1995.ฉ
CAS
Number
Chemical
1991
Energy
Recovery
Pounds
1992
Energy
Recovery
Pounds
1993
Energy
Recovery
Pounds
Projected Data
1994
Energy
Recovery
Pounds
1995
Energy
Recovery
Pounds
Energy Recovery On-site
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
33,591,155
4,421,868
5,495,474
10,662,551
88,017,835
39,271,740
5,507,721
254,268,130
5,422,186
2,248,000
218,652,341
0
8,331
21,987,509
3,500
0
0
37,366,545
4,803,854
13,818,864
10,706,117
88,676,279
43,905,284
7,507,732
289,201,036
8,010,000
1,083,000
243,832,323
0
0
22,807,069
4,000
0
0
26,250,860
5,139,747
16,980,876
10,502,937
99,289,155
39,090,875
11,124,256
254,771,684
4,534,328
1,216,631
245,700,894
0
69,034
12,229,599
39,325
0
0
27,638,258
5,070,222
17,215,650
11,553,556
107,767,007
40,757,131
11,358,592
282,553,285
4,502,533
1,118,700
267,101,655
0
29,518
14,527,863
39,125
0
0
28,141,591
5,073,782
17,310,574
12,153,787
171,316,793
44,458,876
11,476,521
309,458,527
4,511,100
1,149,366
294,200,290
0
35,422
16,530,983
46,110
0
0
Energy Recovery Off-site
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
4,621,375
9,955
713,071
3,619,976
32,535,051
13,506,753
597,416
75,210,184
2,967,446
894,895
61,909,144
6,525
171,399
24
2,535,207
0
20,884
3,331,203
2,351
175,369
2,435,825
39,889,681
9,998,054
510,982
77,975,615
2,066,496
780,913
64,293,309
3,052
19,817
285
52,221
0
8,086
1,996,334
4,116
60,631
3,252,921
46,796,184
12,145,798
887,593
86,966,647
2,408,852
1,485,511
72,416,669
1,142
93,386
1,812
80,422
0
8,031
1,912,548
3,513
44,229
2,647,429
43,443,289
12,738,010
659,843
78,939,246
1,221,420
1,206,577
66,660,656
1,009
83,083
1,768
81,206
0
9,382
1,563,917
2,213
46,159
2,497,953
42,033,167
12,746,683
615,361
74,372,577
705,608
901,321
63,897,743
1,006
84,061
1,818
80,779
0
9,848
Data from 1991 as reported on 1992 forms; all other years from 1993 forms.
283
-------
jm/j Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals
Table 4-6. Quantity of 33/50 Chemicals Treated On-slte and Off-site, by Chemical, 1991-1995.ฎ
CAS
Number
Chemical
Projected Data
1991
Treated
Pounds
1992
Treated
Pounds
1993
Treated
Pounds
1994
Treated
Pounds
1995
Treated
Pounds
Treated On-site
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
30,119,976
15,315,779
23,235,891
32,784,823
46,612,283
10,488,809
14,129,320
114,635,977
1,527,388
3,733,915
40,924,880
523,743
35,008,451
18,951,283
36,789,290
35,303
1,898,249
27,829,162
14,767,625
13,999,132
35,268,167
51,383,051
10,091,327
15,141,102
129,175,878
1,512,933
4,987,486
44,416,177
605,392
86,124,374
24,475,591
35,958,348
31,042
2,321,002
33,534,801
14,828,380
14,082,436
27,362,316
54,609,698
12,760,735
16,700,355
155,856,226
1,914,565
6,515,991
64,246,861
163,206
91,481,853
33,658,137
41,310,490
44,176
2,615,003
31,809,928
15,102,091
13,766,146
20,515,418
55,367,005
12,709,751
16,718,061
157,391,031
1,936,117
6,662,985
61,791,374
156,907
100,376,036
32,582,601
43,155,159
23,173
2,581,963
35,781,910
14,688,253
13,718,792
24,371,737
56,199,052
12,541,566
16,704,623
174,646,088
1,784,442
7,195,208
66,876,892
511,331
100,503,098
32,837,005
44,436,811
23,173
2,423,804
Treated Off-site
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
2,190,932
820,033
2,082,474
9,573,955
7,777,191
2,186,478
3,098,538
14,108,349
4,888,401
1,584,257
10,889,446
310,881
4,176,295
463,621
4,860,034
56,340
1,969,278
1,390,189
778,012
1,930,016
13,965,999
6,353,837
1,913,351
1,981,397
18,716,023
3,687,100
2,250,300
8,971,445
542,137
4,333,947
435,005
4,772,651
9,276
2,674,637
2,085,219
906,664
2,405,711
10,509,299
6,533,657
1,919,172
2,488,782
16,997,430
3,423,144
1,818,275
8,083,355
232,879
19,993,798
455,380
6,405,526
1,329
2,436,417
2,020,307
610,525
2,675,485
9,356,395
5,268,961
1,802,453
2,117,815
17,390,007
2,115,715
1,497,837
7,989,388
227,344
3,848,693
359,080
5,692,218
1,211
2,292,532
1,299,192
562,094
2,246,126
9,569,689
6,031,620
1,533,699
1,938,357
18,000,579
1,447,987
1,212,789
7,937,851
220,010
3,652,251
342,477
6,584,469
1,207
2,143,908
Data from 1991 as reported on 1992 forms; all other years from 1993 forms.
284
-------
Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals %E^
Table 4-7. Quantity of 33/50 Chemicals Released/Disposed of, by Chemical, 1991 -1995.ฎ
CAS
Number
Chemical
1991
Quantity
Released/
Disposed of
Pounds
1992
Quantity
Released/
Disposed of
Pounds
1993
Quantity
Released/
Disposed of
Pounds
Projected Data
1994
Quantity
Released/
Disposed of
Pounds
1995
Quantity
Released/
Disposed of
Pounds
71-43-2 Benzene
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
67-66-3 Chloroform
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
108-88-3 Toluene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
18,515,198
1,492,508
20,457,275
79,805,530
101,617,718
26,212,313
15,425,167
195,627,939
127,354,830
32,112,823
121,722,576
1,066,365
40,887,764
6,985,338
34,616,771
83,239
11,296,529
13,435,686
2,203,795
17,159,852
75,982,689
90,299,687
24,780,173
11,493,032
198,040,224
95,687,254
28,507,688
115,834,532
529,372
36,968,850
7,276,639
32,516,338
229,385
9,697,929
11,218,310
2,352,503
14,413,609
66,718,011
85,805,403
25,426,035
11,651,832
181,399,292
64,594,783
29,884,219
119,799,283
3,306,540
53,501,023
6,400,402
34,043,402
57,137
20,150,543
10,156,862
1,750,112
12,864,728
56,898,915
77,421,299
24,640,846
9,245,692
159,256,140
39,984,432
27,343,971
113,373,997
3,871,866
42,258,883
6,633,527
31,093,663
45,488
8,224,570
9,514,913
1,640,568
11,720,062
50,879,972
72,864,907
22,332,776
7,859,261
148,151,574
21,976,845
21,530,172
110,218,335
3,823,767
40,370,441
11,424,295
32,150,236
42,428
11,487,678
Table 4-8. Total Quantity of 33/50 Chemicals In Production-Related Waste, by Chemical, 1991 -1995.ฎ
CAS
Number
71-43-2
56-23-5
67-66-3
75-09-2
78-93-3
108-10-1
127-18-4
108-88-3
71-55-6
79-01-6
' v;'-$*tf:j
,'" , \ -;V ,!.<
"""'^''^ '-''
Chemical
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
8* 3^S&ta&afc:> ,,_'-,,/ - ;,_,_> ,-
f* " ''ill ArfLrTOf'&kMrf -V'1' ''''''' "''' '
or A'fRt-ctotfwJs' *. ' ' ' '' "" *.'' ' ':' .? '':',
Projected Data
1991 Total
Production-
Related
Waste
Pounds
261,209,884
32,991,083
60,003,103
235,057,159
453,195,879
218,373,523
145,897,845
1,275,006,091
358,778,185
269,138,057
606,124,547
7,378,018
246,025,002
51,958,234
1,149,473,922
1,354,259
143,613,922
',, s^is^i^b'::'
}'W^kr !*ป'&ซ
:i^W4i:
1992 Total
Production-
Related
Waste
Pounds
142,058,459
32,082,820
55,004,049
237,859,664
469,068,465
167,852,758
119,789,553
1,781,128,287
291,125,648
337,283,643
626,293,160
15,061,880
303,689,850
55,642,739
1,041,138,818
1,918,489
145,433,703
,5^25(^1^:
'*ป rikฃ fr^rtW *
1993 Total
Production-
Related
Waste
Pounds
140,756,940
25,893,111
53,346,732
225,747,685
484,785,455
164,765,981
125,631,592
1,887,778,134
202,884,825
341,318,197
671,346,112
9,875,945
365,061,662
53,336,645
1,055,246,376
14,095,993
167,799,186
;.;i$^?oA?i:
.>'''0 ' '-'" \ '- *', ^
*y$ 'iD^''^O'i''''iiboo -"'
*WL 'At^'^ii^iSfti^'
4^**W?i^\> i jO f\f
1994 Total
Production-
Related
Waste
Pounds
132,059,263
25,611,488
51,807,094
188,832,421
480,461,184
161,888,966
113,474,714
1,795,413,049
150,875,841
315,024,654
672,356,372
10,481,127
342,331,711
54,678,348
954,467,669
14,408,768
177,022,288
JSjtijKH&ff
tf$QfฃKKlffl9
1995 Total
Production-
Related
Waste
Pounds
134,788,632
24,361,675
49,792,869
188,237,518
623,585,334
158,907,033
106,470,434
1,821,378,601
114,747,730
217,760,993
699,967,628
10,797,482
356,808,555
61,712,140
889,612,923
14,140,663
192,415,265
v, ^5jwC(5^G|5^*5,
-"' " ' V ป>/ ,-'',- ""-'' ^
Data from 1991 as reported on 1992 forms; all other years from 1993 forms.
285
-------
Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals
Benzene
Carbon
tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl
ketone
Methyl isobutyl
ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1 -Trie hloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and
lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
1991
1992
D 1993
1994 (Projected)
D1995 (Projected)
200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 2,000
Millions of Pounds
Figure 4-12. Total Production-Related Waste, 33/50 Program Chemicals, Actual and Projected, 1991-1995.3)
5) A reporting error by one facility resulted in on-site recycling of mercury being overstated by nearly 13 million pounds for 1993,
1994, and 1995. At the time this error was detected, it was too late to correct the tables and figures.
286
-------
Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals
Benzene
Carbon
tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl
ketone
Methyl isobutyl
ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and
lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
994%
-75 -50 -25 0 25 50
Percentage Change
75
100
Figure 4-13. Percentage Change In Total Production-Related Waste, 33/50 Program Chemicals, Actual and
Projected, 1991-1995.ฎ
ฉ A reporting error by one facility resulted in on-site recycling of mercury being overstated by nearly 13 million pounds for 1993,
1994, and 1995. At the time this error was detected, it was too late to correct the tables and figures.
287
-------
^f/J Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals
releases and transfers observed in Figure 4-7,
particularly for the organic chemicals, did not
result from source reduction measures.
Facilities are projecting that total production-
related waste will decrease significantly from
1993 to 1995 for four chemicals: lead and
compounds (166 million pounds),
trichloroethylene (124 million pounds), 1,1,1-
trichloroethane (88 million pounds), and toluene
(66 million pounds). Total production-related
waste of dichloromethane and of
tetrachloroethylene is also projected to decrease
significantly on a percentage basis during this
time period. Total production-related waste is
also projected to decrease by smaller quantities/
percentages for five other chemicals.
Total production-related waste is projected to
increase for six chemicals, most notably, methyl
ethyl ketone, which is projected to increase by
139 million pounds (29%). Total production-
related waste of cyanide compounds and nickel
and nickel compounds is also projected to
increase by 16% and 15% respectively.
Figure 4-14 shows the total production-related
waste for 1991 to 1995 by management method.
Data for 1991 through 1993 represent actual
figures, while data for 1994 and 1995 represent
facilities' projections. 1991 figures are drawn
from 1992 prior year reports; all others are from
1993 reports. Figure 4-15 shows these data, in
terms of the percent change for the periods
1991-1993 (observed changes) and 1993-1995
(projected change).
From 1991 to 1993, on-site releases and off-site
disposal of 33/50 chemicals decreased by nearly
105 million pounds (12.5%). These decreases
were offset by increases in all other waste
management methods, most notably on-site
recycling which increased by over 327 million
pounds (12%) and on-site treatment which
increased by 145 million pounds (34%).
Facilities are projecting that, from 1993 to 1995,
on-site releases and off-site disposal of 33/50
Program chemicals will continue to decrease by
153 million pounds (21%) and on-site recycling
will decrease by 331 million pounds (11%).
Only on-site energy recovery is projected to
increase significantly (189 million pounds,
26%).
In comparison, on- and off-site recycling of
non-33/50 chemicals increased from 1991 to
1993 by over 666 million pounds (7%) and 309
million pounds (13%) respectively. On- and
off-site recycling is projected to continue to
increase from 1993 to 1995 (8% and 9%
respectively). Quantities released are expected
to decrease by 16% from 1993 to 1995. On-site
energy recovery of non-33/50 chemicals
decreased 11% from 1991 to 1993 while off-site
energy recovery increased by 13%. On-site
energy recovery is expected to increase by 8%
from 1993 to 1995 while off-site energy
recovery is expected to decrease by 14% during
this time period.
SOURCE REDUCTION
REPORTING FOR
33/50 PROGRAM CHEMICALS
Facilities are also required to report in Section 8
of Form R any source reduction efforts that
were directed toward TRI chemicals during the
reporting year and the methods they employed
in identifying source reduction opportunities.
Source Reduction Activities
Table 4-9 summarizes facilities' reporting of
source reduction activities for each of the 17
33/50 Program chemicals for 1991-1993. As a
group and individually, 33/50 Program
chemicals evidenced higher rates and levels of
source reduction activity reporting than other
TRI chemicals. Of the more than 19,700
288
-------
Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals ซ3-M*
Millions of Pounds
6,500 -
6,000 -
5,500
5,000 -
4,500 -
4,000 -
3,500 -
3,000 -
2,500 -
2,000 -
1,500 -
1,000 -
500-
0-
111991
1992
D 1993
1994 Projected
a 1995 Projected
i-^
ซ
1
1
Recycled Recycled
On-site
Off-site
i
mum
1
Energy
11 ll
1
Energy Treated
Recovery Recovery On-site
On-site
Off-site
'
Treated
1
Quantity
Off-site Released
pn
11
^
Total
Production-
Related
Waste
Figure 4-14. TRI Data Collected Under the Pollution Prevention Act for 33/50 Program Chemicals, by Management
Type, Actual and Projected, 1991-1995.
289
-------
jga^ Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals
Recycled
On-site
Recycled
Off-site
Energy Recovery
On-slte
Energy Recovery
Off-site
Treated On-slte
Treated Off-site
Quantity Released
-40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50
Percentage Change
Figure 4-15. Percentage Change in Waste Management Practices, 33/50 Program Chemicals, 1988-1993.
290
-------
Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals m^-M*
^5~9
Table 4-9. Number of TRI Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity, by 33/50 Program Chemical, 1991-1993.
CAS
Number
71-43-2
56-23-5
67-66-3
75-09-2
78-93-3
108-10-1
127-18-4
108-88-3
71-55-6
79-01-6
Chemical
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium
and cadmium compounds
Chromium
and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury
and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All Other TRI Chemicals
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Forms Reporting Source
Number of TRI
Forms
1991
486
102
183
1,293
2,570
1,041
573
3,928
3,699
723
3790
217
3054
313
1803
56
2369
26,200
58,591
84,791
1992
474
90
180
1,131
2,481
1,027
512
3,770
3,178
675
3650
186
3045
293
1689
39
2380
24,800
57,473
82,273
1993
469
74
175
1,065
2,418
1,006
474
3,569
2,073
772
3,562
177
3,107
292
1,655
35
2,459
23,382
56,605
79,987
1991
156
29
67
524
970
385
215
1,501
1,616
291
1368
61
602
93
486
12
379
8,755
12,995
21,750
Number
1992
154
27
62
419
911
360
191
1,443
1,494
248
1318
64
565
86
442
8
352
8,144
12,508
20,652
1993
143
18
54
380
904
338
175
1,376
1,154
285
1,281
63
567
78
427
10
386
7,639
12,093
19,732
Reduction Activities
1991
32.1
28.4
36.6
40.5
37.7
37.0
37.5
38.2
43.7
40.2
36.1
28.1
19.7
29.7
27.0
21.4
16.0
33.4
22.2
25.7
Percent of
All Forms
1992
32.5
30.0
34.4
37.0
36.7
35.1
37.3
38.3
47.0
36.7
36.1
34.4
18.6
29.4
26.2
20.5
14.8
32.8
21.8
25.1
1993
30.5
24.3
30.9
35.7
37.4
33.6
36.9
38.6
55.7
36.9
36.0
35.6
18.2
26.7
25.8
28.6
15.7
32.7
21.4
24.7
Form Rs reporting that a source reduction
activity was implemented during 1993, nearly
40% (7,639) were for the 17 33/50 Program
chemicals, even though Program chemicals
account for only 30% of total TRI Form Rs.
One-third of the Form Rs for 33/50 Program
chemicals reported the occurrence of source
reduction, compared to slightly more than one-
fifth of the forms for other TRI chemicals.
Individual 33/50 Program chemicals had some
of the highest rates of reporting on source
reduction. Four of the five TRI chemicals with
the greatest number of Form Rs reporting source
reduction are 33/50 Program chemicals [toluene,
xylene (mixed isomers), 1,1,1-trichloroethane,
and methyl ethyl ketone]. The high ranking for
33/50 Program chemicals is partially due to the
fact that they rank among the highest TRI
chemicals in total number of Form Rs
submitted, but they also evidenced some of the
highest percentages of Form R submissions
indicating source reduction. Among 33/50
Program chemicals, the highest was 1,1,1-
trichloroethane, with 56% of its TRI forms
indicating source reduction activity.
Twelve 33/50 Program chemicals are among the
top 50 TRI chemicals for numbers of forms
reporting source reduction. Of these, organic
chemicals generally evidenced higher percent-
ages of Form Rs reporting source reduction than
did the metals, ranging from 24% to 56% for the
eleven organic chemicals and from 16% to 36%
for the metals.
For the period 1991-1993, source reduction
activity reporting has declined both in absolute
terms, due mostly to reductions in total Form Rs
submitted to TRI, and in percentage terms.
291
-------
Wfl Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals
Table 4-10. Number of TRI Forms Reporting Source Reduction Activity, by Category, by Chemical, 1993.
CAS
Number
71-43-2
56-23-5
67-66-3
75-09-2
78-93-3
108-10-1
127-18-4
108-88-3
71-55-6
79-01-6
Chemical
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloro methane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and cadmium compounds
Chromium and chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and mercury compounds
Nickel and nickel compounds
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All Other TRI Chemicals
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Forms Reporting per Category of Source
Good
Operating
Practices
Number
64
6
13
164
448
181
94
648
350
128
584
19
302
29
216
1
221
3,468
6,108
9,576
Inventory
Control
Number
7
1
1
34
161
57
10
198
66
16
182
6
76
9
55
0
63
942
1,507
2,449
Spill
and Leak
Prevention
Number
106
6
11
96
160
69
44
304
106
50
281
14
137
10
93
0
75
1,562
4,039
5,601
Raw
Material
Modifi-
cations
Number
9
3
19
113
239
73
23
364
361
18
287
25
115
10
132
3
55
1,849
1,989
3,838
Process
Modifi-
cations
Number
84
9
39
117
262
124
43
404
183
56
380
28
219
50
175
6
166
2,345
4,729
7,074
Reduction Activity
Surface
Cleaning Preparation
and and
Degreasing Finishing
Number Number
7
1
0
89
111
35
59
132
579
178
104
2
39
15
8
0
34
1,393
1,002
2,395
2
0
0
21
268
100
5
426
104
6
464
1
24
1
9
0
14
1,445
872
2,317
Product
Modifi-
cations
Number
3
0
0
43
108
46
14
168
116
16
139
16
53
4
65
2
31
824
874
1,698
though only marginally (1% from 1991-1993).
Similar patterns are observed for both 33/50 and
non-33/50 Program chemicals.
Facilities described the type of source reduction
activity that they implemented for each
chemical (see Table 4-10). 33/50 Program
chemicals as a group did not differ significantly
from other TRI chemicals in the types of
activities employed. Improvement in facility
operating practices is the most common
approach.
Methods Used to Identify
Source Reduction Opportunities
Table 4-11 summarizes facilities' reporting of
source reduction activity identification methods
for each of the 17 33/50 Program chemicals in
1993. Here again, facilities did not seem to treat
Program chemicals differently than other TRI
chemicals in their search for source reduction
opportunities, although the data do show a
somewhat greater reliance on assistance from
federal programs, industry associations, and
vendors in the case of 33/50 Program chemicals
compared to other TRI chemicals.
292
-------
Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals mpjf^
LOOKING TO THE FUTURE:
AN AGENDA FOR ACTION
Many people think that the 33/50 Program ends
at the end of 1995, since its ultimate national
50% reduction goal is targeted for 1995.
However, public release of 1995 TRI data, used
to monitor companies' and the Program's
progress in meeting our goals, will not occur
until the spring of 1997. Accordingly, EPA's
administration of the 33/50 Program will
continue well beyond 1995, guided by an
ambitious agenda.
Recognizing Companies'
33/50 Program Achievements
EPA offers public recognition to companies to
encourage them to participate in the 33/50
Program and to undertake pollution reduction
activities. All participants receive Certificates
of Appreciation upon enrollment. Last year, in
conjunction with the announcement that the
Program's 1992 interim 33% reduction goal had
been exceeded by nearly 100 million pounds,
more than 300 companies were singled out to
receive Certificates of Environmental
Achievement for reducing releases and transfers
of Program chemicals either by 100% or by
more than 1 million pounds.
As the Program approaches achieving its
ultimate 50% reduction goal, the Agency is
assessing options for commending companies
for their reduction achievements. One option is
to recognize all companies that achieve their
own written reduction pledges. Another is to
single out companies that achieve substantial
reductions. A major concern that has been
raised regarding both of these options is that
TRI does not explain whether reductions are the
result of real changes in facility operations (vs.
changes in release estimating procedures, plant
closures, etc.) nor how real reductions were
achieved. Addressing such concerns may
require EPA to verify reductions in conjunction
with recognizing companies' 33/50 Program
achievements.
33/50 Program Awards
EPA is working with a panel of representatives
from industry, states, and environmental groups
to determine whether 33/50 Program Awards
should be issued to a select set of companies
whose pollution reduction achievements could
be considered truly remarkable. Concerns have
been raised, however, that such a selection
process might unfairly stigmatize those
companies not receiving the awards. Other
concerns address the issue of reviewing and
verifying award nominations.
One idea being considered by this panel is to
encourage companies to submit 33/50 program
Success Stories detailing the ways in which they
achieved significant reductions in emissions of
the target chemicals. Such Success Stories
could be reviewed and distributed by EPA,
providing a wealth of "how-to" information for
other companies to draw on in reducing their
own wastes. EPA has already produced a series
of 33/50 Program Company Reduction Profiles,
and more are scheduled for release this spring.
However, asking companies to nominate their
own Success Stories for recognition by EPA
would broaden substantially the coverage of this
information.
These and other recognition options are being
explored. Recognition of some type will be
made at a major 33/50 Program Conference
timed to celebrate achievement of the Program's
50% reduction goal.
Decisions on categories, criteria, and
nomination procedures will be announced in the
summer of 1995.
293
-------
WtjJ Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals
B^^
Table 4-11. Methods Used to Identify Source Reduction Activity, by 33/50 Program Chemical, 1993.
CAS
Number
71-43-2
56-23-5
67-66-3
75-09-2
78-93-3
108-10-1
127-18-4
108-88-3
71-55-6
79-01-6
Chemical
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloro methane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All Other TRI Chemicals
Total for All TRI Chemicals
Forms Reporting
Source Reduction
Activities
Number
143
18
54
380
904
338
175
1,376
1,154
285
1,281
63
567
78
427
10
386
7,639
12,093
19,732
Pollution Prevention
Opportunity Audit
Internal External
Number Number
79
7
15
146
326
134
82
515
444
118
483
25
215
35
168
3
130
2,925
4,788
7,713
9
0
2
17
49
21
9
65
58
21
55
2
28
2
29
2
14
383
536
919
Materials
Balance
Audit
Number
12
2
5
46
147
48
26
180
108
36
152
10
97
9
53
1
72
1,004
1,568
2,572
Participative
Team
Management
Number
44
4
27
171
440
174
77
621
515
125
561
25
295
38
223
5
218
3,563
5,791
9,354
Employee
Recommendation
Informal
Number
23
2
6
73
171
64
30
234
149
49
229
8
100
15
85
1
79
1,318
2,177
3,495
Formal
Program
Number
24
3
6
36
100
47
15
149
105
22
154
10
65
2
44
3
34
819
1,326
2,145
33/50The Next Generation
As calendar year 1995the 33/50 Program's
final yearproceeds, EPA increasingly is being
asked what, if anything, it plans to do as a
follow-up. A general consensus has emerged
that voluntary partnerships between government
and industry can be effective in promoting
pollution prevention. However, perspectives
differ on both the need for and the design of a
next generation of the 33/50 Program.
EPA has been spearheading public discussion
on the prospects for a next generation voluntary
program. The objective is to obtain input from
industry, environmental groups, citizens, states,
and other constituencies on two basic questions:
Should there be a next generation of the
33/50 Program?
How should a next-generation 33/50
Program be designed?
This decision-making process will conclude
with a formal announcement in the summer of
1995.
Call for Comments
Anyone interested in offering suggestions
or commenting on company recognition
options, 33/50 Program Awards, or prospects
for a next- generation voluntary environmental
partnership program is encouraged to call or
write the 33/50 Program staff at the phone
numbers and addresses provided at the end of
this chapter.
294
-------
Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals ^J-SSa
Table 4-11.
Chemical
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Dichloromethane
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Xylenes
Cadmium and
cadmium compounds
Chromium and
chromium compounds
Cyanide compounds
Lead and lead compounds
Mercury and
mercury compounds
Nickel and
nickel compounds
Total for 33/50 Chemicals
Total for All Other TRI Chemicals
Total for All TRI Chemicals
State
Program
Number
2
0
0
2
17
7
4
23
19
9
26
0
5
1
3
0
3
121
138
259
Federal
Program
Number
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
5
17
0
4
0
1
0
1
0
1
32
40
72
Trade/
Industry
Program
Number
9
1
3
16
63
20
13
101
85
13
92
3
29
5
30
0
20
503
686
1,189
Vendor
Assistance
Number
17
0
4
90
311
102
50
501
417
77
466
13
134
26
91
0
65
2,364
2,652
5,016
Other
Number
56
7
21
84
159
60
29
273
241
51
256
20
96
10
107
1
73
1,544
2,372
3,916
295
-------
&$/ Chapter 4 TRI Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program Chemicals
FOR MORE INFORMATION....
Companies' written communications with the
33/50 Program are available to the public along
with a variety of Program information materials,
including computer-generated lists of
participating companies. Anyone interested in
obtaining additional information about the 33/50
Program can do so by calling EPA's TSCA
Assistance Hotline at (202) 554-1404 Monday
through Friday between 8:30 a.m. and 5:00 p.m.
EST. Or contact the 33/50 Program staff
directly at EPA headquarters at (202) 260-6907
or by directing letters to Mail Code 7408, Office
of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, U.S. EPA,
401 M Street, SW., Washington, DC 20460.
Program staff can also be reached via fax at
(202) 401-8142, or via the Internet at
BURNS.MIKE@EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV.
Information about the 33/50 Program can also
be obtained from 33/50 Program Coordinators
in EPA's 10 Regional Offices:
US EPA - Region I
(MS: ATR)
1 Congress Street
Boston, MA 02203
PH#: (617)565-4502
FAX: (617)565-4939
US EPA - Region II
(MS: 105)
2890 Woodbridge Ave, Bldg. 10
Edison, NJ 08837
PH#: (908)906-6815
FAX: (908)321-6788
US EPA - Region III
(MS: 3AT01)
841 Chestnut Bldg
Philadelphia, PA 19107
PH#: (215)597-9302
FAX: (215)580-2011
US EPA - Region IV
345 Courtland Street, NE
Atlanta, GA 30365
PH#: (404)347-1033
FAX: (404)347-1681
US EPA - Region V
(MS: SP-14J)
77 W. Jackson Blvd.
Chicago, IL 60604
PH#: (312)886-6219
FAX: (312)353-4342
US EPA - Region VI
(MS: 6T-PT)
1445 Ross Avenue
Dallas, TX 75202
PH#: (214)665-7582
FAX: (214)665-2164
US EPA - Region VII
(MS: ARTX)
726 Minnesota Avenue
Kansas City, KS 66101
PH#: (913)551-7315
FAX: (913)551-7065
US EPA - Region VIII
(MS: 8ART-AP)
999-18th St., Suite 600
Denver, CO 80202-2405
PH#: (303)294-7684
FAX: (303)293-1229
US EPA - Region IX
(MS: A-4-3)
75 Hawthorne Street
San Francisco, CA 94105
PH#: (415)744-1061
FAX: (415)744-1073
US EPA - Region X
(MS: AT-083)
1200-6th Avenue
Seattle, WA 98101
PH#: (206)553-4762
FAX: (206)553-8338
296
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Appendices
-------
-------
APPENDIX A
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Page
I. Alternate Threshold Rule Questions A-l
II. Industry Expansion Questions A-3
III. Federal Facilities Executive Order Questions A-5
IV. Chemical List Questions A-6
V. Pollution Prevention Questions A-10
VI. Exposure and Health Effects Questions A-15
VII. Compliance and Enforcement Questions A-18
VIII. 33/50 Program Questions A-19
IX. Air Questions A-20
X. Water Questions A-23
XI. Underground Injection Questions A-27
XII. Solid and Hazardous Waste Questions A-28
I. ALTERNATE THRESHOLD FOR FACILITIES WITH
REPORTABLE AMOUNTS
For more information:
Tim Crawford, Environmental Assistance Division (202) 260-1715
Ql How did the Alternate Threshold Rule
come about, and how will it be implemented?
A EPA has finalized a reporting modification
that is effective for activities beginning on
January 1, 1995. In the Final rule, 59 FR 61488
entitled "TRI Alternate Threshold for Facilities
with Low Annual Reportable Amounts", EPA
established a reduced reporting option for
facilities that meet TRI reporting thresholds for
a listed chemical, but that do not exceed 500
pounds for the total annual reportable amount
(defined below) for that chemical. This
rulemaking was pursued in response to two
petitions that requested EPA to provide some
regulatory relief for a subset of currently
reporting facilities.
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TO
inn Mm.
Appendix A Questions and Answers
This reporting modification provides facilities
that do not exceed the 500 pound criterion for a
listed chemical the option of applying an
alternate manufacture, process or otherwise use
threshold of 1 million pounds to that chemical.
If a facility does not exceed the 1 million pound
threshold, then that facility is eligible to submit
a certification statement in lieu of a full Form R
for activities beginning January 1, 1995.
Q2 Why was this done?
A EPA believes that this modification will
provide a significant degree of burden reduction
to industry. EPA estimates approximately
20,100 Form Rs can be converted to
certification statements.
Q3 How much money is this expected to
save?
A EPA estimates that this modification will
save industry and EPA an annual total of $17.3
million and $700 thousand, respectively.
Q4 Won't we lose valuable TRI data
because of this?
A Some of the detailed information, such as
the media to which a chemical was released or
which waste management method was applied
will no longer be available for those chemicals
that are reported via a certification statement.
Q5 What information will be collected on
the certification statement, and how will that
information be made available to the public?
A The certification statement is a simplified
form of reporting and is intended as a means to
reduce the compliance burden associated with
EPCRA section 313. The certification
statement must be submitted on an annual basis
for each eligible chemical. The information
submitted on the certification statement includes
facility identification information and the
chemical or chemical category identity. The
information submitted on the certification
statement will appear in the TRI data base in the
same manner that information submitted on
Form Rs appears. An approved certification
statement, including a magnetic media version,
will be made available in the 1995 Form R and
Instructions package.
Q6 Aren't there some chemicals for which
500 pounds of releases could be a potentially
serious environmental or health problem?
Why is the 500 pound cut-off the same for all
chemicals, regardless of their toxicity?
A When EPA began evaluating approaches to
a reporting modification that would provide
regulatory burden reduction, it considered
making a distinction among the listed
chemicals. However, EPA did not attempt to
apply risk-based concepts in this rulemaking.
EPA believes the level of 500 pounds selected
for the final rulemaking, coupled with the
information collected by the certification
statement, will provide a significant amount of
burden reduction while not appreciably
lessening the value of currently collected
information. EPA may consider a future
modification of current thresholds to more fully
capture information on chemicals that persist in
the environment and bioaccumulate.
Q7 What is included in the total annual
reportable amount?
A For the purpose of this reporting
modification, the annual reportable amount is
equal to the combined total quantities released
at the facility, disposed of within the facility,
treated at the facility (as represented by amounts
destroyed or converted by treatment processes),
recovered at the facility as a result of recycle
operations, combusted for the purpose of energy
recovery at the facility, and amounts transferred
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Appendix A Questions and Answers
i
TO
from the facility to off-site locations for the
purpose of recycle, energy recovery, treatment,
and/or disposal. These volumes correspond to
the sum of amounts reportable for data elements
on EPA Form R (EPA Form 9350-1; Rev. 12/47
93) as Part II column B of section 8, data
elements 8.1 (quantity released), 8.2 (quantity
used for energy recovery on-site), 8.3 (quantity
used for energy recovery off-site), 8.4 (quantity
recycled on-site), 8.5 (quantity recycled off-
site), 8.6 (quantity treated on-site), and 8.7
(quantity treated off-site).
Q8 What kind of recordkeeping is required
of facilities?
A Each owner or operator who determines
that they are eligible, and wishes to apply the
alternate threshold to a particular chemical, must
retain records substantiating this determination
for a period of 3 years from the date of the
submission of the certification statement. These
records must include sufficient documentation
to support calculations as well as the
calculations made by the facility that confirm
their eligibility for each chemical for which the
alternate threshold was applied.
A facility that fits within the category
description, and manufactures, processes or
otherwise uses no more than 1 million pounds of
a listed toxic chemical annually, and whose
owner/operator elects to take advantage of the
alternate threshold is not considered a TRI
covered facility for that chemical for the
purpose of submitting a Form R. This
determination may provide further regulatory
relief from other federal or state regulations that
apply to facilities on the basis of their TRI
reporting status. A facility will need to refer to
other applicable regulations in order to
determine their actual requirements that may be
affected by this reporting modification.
II. INDUSTRY EXPANSION
For more information:
Bryan Symmes, Environmental Assistance Division (202) 260-9121
Q9 Do all industrial facilities in the U.S.
that meet reporting thresholds have to report
to TRI?
A No. Only manufacturing facilities,
classified in SIC codes 20-39, were required to
report for 1993. Federal facilities will be
required to report beginning with the 1994
reporting year. Many other industrial facilities
that may be significant sources of toxic
chemical releases do not have to report. These
facilities include mines, oil and gas drilling
operations, electric power plants, waste
treatment and disposal facilities, and
warehouses.
QlO Does EPA plan to expand the
reporting requirements to cover industries
that are not currently required to report?
A Yes. EPA has the statutory authority to
require additional facilities to report under
EPCRA section 313 and is in the process of
determining which industries are most
appropriate for addition to TRI.
Qll How is EPA identifying and selecting
industries for possible addition to TRI?
A EPA is making its determination based
upon such factors as estimated releases of TRI
chemicals and the relationship between
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Appendix A Questions and Answers
manufacturing activities and other facilities
engaged in activities which support the
manufacturing process. That is, EPA has
focused on those industries where reportable
releases of TRI chemicals seem to occur, and
which support manufacturing activities in some
direct way, such as by providing energy or raw
materials, transporting products, or treating and
disposing of wastes. EPA believes that toxic
release reporting from some combination of
these industries would substantially improve
and enhance the public's knowledge about
chemicals in the environment.
Ql2 What industries have been identified?
A EPA has examined a number of industries
that are part of sectors identified last year. The
broad sectors identified as being closely related
to manufacturing are energy production,
materials extraction, materials distribution, and
waste management. Several industries were
identified within these sectors - electric utilities,
mining, oil & gas exploration & production,
commercial waste treatment, POTWs and
landfills, materials recycling and recovery,
airports, and some transportation and
warehousing operations - and are still under
consideration. No decisions have been reached
regarding which industries (or portions of
industries) will be included in a proposal.
Q13 What has EPA done in this effort
during the past year?
A As part of this examination, EPA has
continued to refine its analysis regarding the use
and release of toxic chemicals at facilities
within the industries under consideration. It has
also conducted an on-going series of meetings
with representatives of these different industries
to discuss EPA's analysis and its approach to
expansion. These meetings have proven
productive for both EPA and industry, and will
continue to serve as a major part of EPA's
approach to expanding the universe of facilities
required to report to TRI.
Ql4 What are the issues that
determine how TRI industry expansion is
conducted?
A The issues EPA faces in determining which
industries to propose for an expanded TRI are
both external and internal to TRI. Externally,
EPA must consider the costs to industry of
complying with the regulatory burden
associated with TRI reporting. In particular,
mounting concern over "unfunded mandates" at
the state and local level means that EPA must
take into account the burden that other levels of
government will bear, both as potential reporters
and as recipients of TRI data from facilities in
their jurisdictions. Internally, EPA must
consider its own data management capabilities.
Moreover, the current reporting structure of
TRI, with its reporting definitions, thresholds,
and exemptions, may inhibit valuable reporting
from some facilities under consideration.
Therefore, EPA is currently examining these
issues before attempting to craft an effective
proposal.
QlS When does EPA expect to apply the
reporting requirements to additional
industries?
A EPA anticipates publishing a proposed rule
for comment in the Federal Register during
early 1996 which will indicate the industries
EPA proposes to add to TRI. EPA anticipates a
significant amount of public comment regarding
its proposal, and foresees the need for
considerable periods of review and revision.
Assuming a regular period of comment and
review, EPA anticipates promulgation of a final
rule in early 1997.
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Appendix A Questions and Answers
MM**
III. QUESTIONS ON THE FEDERAL FACILITIES EXECUTIVE ORDER
For more information:
Eileen Fesco, Environmental Assistance Division (202) 260-7232
Ql6 Are federal facilities required to
report under section 313 of EPCRA?
A Prior to the 1994 reporting year,
government-owned and government-operated
facilities (GOGOs) had not been required to
report by law, but some have reported
voluntarily. However, the Department of
Energy voluntarily submitted reports for the
1993 reporting year to EPA and the states for 23
facilities. Government-owned and contractor-
operated facilities (known as GOCOs) are
currently covered and do report under EPCRA
section 313.
On August 3, 1993, the President signed
Executive Order 12856, "Federal Facility
Compliance with Right-to-Know and Pollution
Prevention Laws," requiring federal facilities
(GOGOs) to comply with the federal Right-to-
Know laws. All federal facilities must comply
with EPCRA reporting requirements beginning
with reporting year 1994. The Executive Order
also asks all federal agencies to set a voluntary
goal of 50% reduction from baseline quantities
of their releases and transfers for treatment and
disposal of toxic pollutants from their facilities
by 1999.
Ql7 Does the reduction apply only to TRI
toxic chemicals or all toxic chemicals?
A The toxic pollutant reduction program
applies to the TRI chemicals used by the federal
agency, but the agency may go beyond the TRI
list and set a voluntary reduction goal for other
chemicals that its facilities use.
Ql8 Are all federal agencies required to
develop a pollution prevention strategy?
A The head of each federal agency that has
one or more facilities meeting EPCRA reporting
requirements is responsible for the development
of a written pollution prevention strategy.
These strategies are available to the public from
the EPA Pollution Prevention Clearinghouse at
(202) 260-1023 and from each individual
agency.
Ql9 How many federal facilities are
predicted to report in 1995?
A The Executive Order required federal
agencies to send a list to EPA of the facilities
they believe will be covered under all sections
of the Executive Order. The agencies have
indicated that approximately 1,900 federal
facilities will be subject to some portion of the
Executive Order. EPA does not know what
percentage of these 1,900 facilities will exceed
reporting thresholds and therefore be required to
report to TRI.
Q20 Will EPA report to the public on the
federal agencies' progress toward meeting
their voluntary 50% reduction goals?
A EPA is to report annually to the President
on the federal agencies' progress toward
reducing their releases and transfers of toxic
chemicals.
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Appendix A Questions and Answers
IV. QUESTIONS ON THE TRI LIST OF CHEMICALS
For more information:
Maria Doa, Environmental Assistance Division (202) 260-9592
Q21 How was the list of chemicals subject
to TRI reporting created?
A A list of chemicals subject to TRI
reporting was given to EPA by Congress in
EPCRA. The statutory list was derived from
separate lists from the states of New Jersey and
Maryland. The criteria for chemicals on the
Maryland and New Jersey lists differ from the
criteria established under EPCRA section 313.
For instance, the Maryland list is a survey list
and consists of chemicals that are noted for
toxicity and/or high-volume activities in that
state. As a result of these differences in listing
criteria, a number of chemicals have been added
to the TRI list that were not on the original state
lists. Also, a number of chemicals have been
deleted from the original TRI list of toxic
chemicals because EPA determined that they
did not meet any of the criteria for listing.
Under EPCRA section 313, anyone can petition
EPA to add a chemical(s) to, or delete a
chemical(s) from, the list of chemicals.
EPA has developed criteria and is currently
refining the process for reviewing the TRI list
of chemicals. The result of this exercise will
allow EPA to more effectively add chemicals to
and delete chemicals from the list. This will
result in reporting on chemicals that meet the
intent of section 313.
Q22 What are the criteria for listing a
chemical under section 313 of EPCRA?
A For a chemical or chemical category to be
kept on or added to the TRI list, it must be
known to cause or reasonably be anticipated to
cause one of the following:
significant adverse acute health effects at
concentration levels that are reasonably
likely to exist beyond facility boundaries as a
result of continuous, or frequently recurring,
releases;
in humans-cancer; teratogenic effects; or
serious or irreversible reproductive
dysfunction, neurological disorders, heritable
genetic mutations, or other chronic health
effects;
a significant adverse effect on the
environment because of its toxicity, its
toxicity and persistence in the environment,
or its toxicity and tendency to bioaccumulate
in the environment of sufficient seriousness
to warrant release reporting under EPCRA
section 313.
Q23 What chemicals have been added to
the TRI list?
A EPA added to the list nine chemicals that
were subject to reporting for the 1990 reporting
year. These chemicals were added to the list for
cancer and chronic toxicity concerns. These
chemicals are:
Allyl alcohol
Creosote
2,3-Dichloropropene
m-Dinitrobenzene
o-Dinitrobenzene
p-Dinitrobenzene
Dinitrotoluene (mixed isomers)
Isosafrole
Toluene diisocyanate (mixed isomers)
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Appendix A Questions and Answers
As a result of a petition submitted by three
governors and the Natural Resources Defense
Council, EPA also added to the list seven
chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons that
were subject to reporting beginning with the
1991 reporting year. These chemicals were
added because they are stratospheric ozone
depleters. Depletion of stratospheric ozone can
lead to adverse human health and environmental
effects. These chemicals are:
Bromochlorodifluoromethane (Halon 1211)
Bromotrifluoromethane (Halon 1301)
Dibromotetrafluoroethane (Halon 2402)
Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12)
Dichlorotetrafluoroethane (CFC-114)
Monochloropentafluoroethane (CFC-115)
Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11)
In response to another petition, 11 hydro-
chlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) were also added,
subject to reporting beginning with the 1994
reporting year (reports due by July 1, 1995).
These chemicals were added because they are
listed as Class II ozone-depleting substances in
section 602(b) of the Clean Air Act. These
chemicals are:
Chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22)
Dichlorotrifluoroethane (HCFC-123) and
isomers
Chlorotetrafluoroethane (HCFC-124) and
isomers
1,1 -Dichloro-1 -fluoroethane (HCFC-141 b)
and isomers
1 -Chloro-1,1 -difluoroethane (HCFC-142b)
An additional 21 chemicals and two chemical
categories that appear on the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) list of
hazardous wastes were added to the TRI list.
Reporting for these chemicals will be required
beginning with the 1994 reporting year (reports
due by July 1, 1995). These chemicals are:
Acetophenone
Amitrole
Bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane
1,4-Dichloro-2-butene
Dihydrosafrole
Ethylene bisdithiocarbanic acid, salts and
esters
Ethylidene dichloride
Formic acid
Hexachlorophene
Hydrogen sulfide*
Malononitrile
Methacrylonitrile
Methyl chlorocarbonate
Methyl mercaptan*
2-Methylpyridine
5-Nitro-o-toluidine
Paraldehyde
Pentachloroethane
Pronamide
1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane
Thiram
Trypan blue
Warfarin and salts
*Reporting for these chemicals has been
suspended
Q24 In January 1994, EPA proposed the
addition of 313 toxic chemicals to the TRI
list. Were these chemicals added?
A On November 30, 1994 EPA issued a final
rule adding 286 of these chemicals to the TRI
list, including about 160 pesticides. Many of
these chemicals have been identified as of
concern under the Clean Water Act, the Clean
Air Act, and the Safe Drinking Water Act.
Q25 How were these additional chemicals
selected?
A EPA began with a pool of 1,031 chemicals
regulated or identified as of concern under
various environmental statutes. In addition,
EPA considered chemicals designated as
possible, probable, or known carcinogens in the
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Appendix A Questions and Answers
Monographs of the International Agency for
Research on Cancer (IARC) and the 6th annual
Report on Carcinogens of the National Toxi-
cology Program (NTP), U.S. Department of
Health and Human Services.
This list was narrowed by excluding those
chemicals already on TRI or proposed for
addition in response to a petition. The
remaining chemicals underwent a toxicity
screen using numerical criteria guidelines and a
production volume screen. This narrowed the
list of candidates to approximately 400
chemicals.
The candidates underwent a further hazard
assessment, including a detailed review of the
toxicity of each to determine whether the
chemical meets the statutory criteria for listing.
Q26 How many of the chemicals proposed
to be added by EPA were not added because
they did not meet the criteria for listing?
A EPA determined that three of the proposed
chemicals did not meet the statutory criteria for
listing and so they were not added. These three
chemicals are:
Clomazone
5-Chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol
Tetrasodiumethylenediaminetetraacetate
Q27 Why did EPA defer the addition of 40
chemicals and one chemical category?
A EPA decided to defer action on 40
chemicals and one chemical category. More
time was needed to address technical and policy
issues that were raised about these chemicals.
EPA did not wish to delay action on the addition
of 286 chemicals that met the listing criteria, so
the public comments on the deferred chemicals
will be addressed in a future rulemaking.
Q28 If EPA proposed 313 chemicals and
deferred or dropped 44, how is it that 286
chemicals were finalized?
A The discrepancy arises from the addition of
the diisocyanates. The 313 chemicals in the
proposed rule includes three individual
diisocyanates. As an alternative, EPA proposed
adding the three diisocyanates and 17 other
diisocyanates as a delimited category, but the
additional 17 diisocyanates were not counted in
the 313 proposed chemicals. EPA finalized the
alternative proposal, and the 17 additional
diisocyanates were counted among the 286
chemicals finalized.
Q29 Where can lists of the added and
deferred chemicals be obtained?
A The lists are in the final rule which was
published in the Federal Register on November
30, 1994 (59 FR 61432). Copies may be
obtained by contacting the EPCRA Hotline.
Q30 How many additional reports will be
submitted due to the addition of 286
chemicals?
A The first reports for these chemicals will be
required for reporting year 1995 and will be
submitted by July 1, 1996. EPA estimates that
about 10,500 additional reports and 3,500
certification statements will be submitted,
assuming facilities use the alternate threshold
reporting option, which is also effective for the
1995 reporting year and beyond. The alternate
threshold reporting option is further discussed in
Section I of this Appendix.
Q31 What chemicals have been deleted
from the TRI list?
A The following chemicals have been deleted
from the TRI list:
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Barium sulfate
Butyl benzyl phthalate
Color Index (C.I.) Acid Blue 9 diammonium salt
C.I. Acid Blue 9 disodium salt
Copper phthalocyanine compounds substituted
with only bromine, chlorine, and/or
hydrogen
Di-n-Octyl phthalate (n-dioctyl phthalate)
Melamine
Sodium hydroxide (solution)
Sodium sulfate (solution)
Terephthalic acid
Titanium dioxide
Appendix A Questions and Answers
TRI
OMMuit
EPA modified the listing for aluminum oxide to
cover only fibrous forms of the chemical.
Q32 What is the status of EPCRA section
313 petitions to date?
A EPA has responded to and is currently
working on many petitions to modify the
EPCRA section 313 list of toxic chemicals. The
following is a summary of section 313 petition
activity to date.
EPCRA Section 313 Petitions
Chemical
Acetone
Aluminum oxide (non-fibrous)
Alloys
Ammonium sulfate (solution) (2)
Antimony tris(iso-octyl -mercaptoacetate
Barium sulfate
Butyl benzyl phthalate
Cadmium selenide
Cadmium sulfide
CFC-11 (3)
CFC-114
CFC-115
CFC-12
Chromium (III) compounds
C.I. Acid Blue 9 disodium and diammonium salts (4)
C.I. Pigment Blue 15
C.I. Pigment Green 36
C.I. Pigment Green 7
Cobalt and compounds
Copper mono-chlorophthalocyanine (5)
Cyclohexane
Chromium antimony titanium buff rutile
Decabromodiphenyl ether
Di-n-Octyl phthalate
Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate
Diethyl phthalate
Disodium and monosodium methane arsenate
Ethylene
Ethylene glycol
Glycol ethers
Halon 1211
Halon 1301
Halon 2402
Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (6)
Action Requested
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
List
List
List
List
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Modify
List
List
List
List
Status
Proposed
Granted
Denied (1)
Proposed
Denied
Granted
Granted
Denied
Denied
Granted
Granted
Granted
Granted
Denied
Granted
Granted
Granted
Granted
Denied
Proposed
Denied
Denied
Denied
Granted
Pending
Pending
Pending
Denied
Pending
Granted
Granted
Granted
Granted
Partially Granted
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Appendix A Questions and Answers
Hydrochloric acid
Inorganic fluorides
Iron chromite
Manganese and compounds
Manganese and compounds in slags
Melamine
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Molybdenum trioxide
Nickel and compounds
ortho-Phenylphenol
Phosphoric acid
Phosphoric acid
Phthalic anhydride
Propylene
Sodium hydroxide (solution)
Sodium sulfate (solution)
Sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid
Terephthalic acid
Titanium dioxide
Trifluralin
Zinc borate hydrate
Zinc sulfide
82 RCRA Chemicals (6)
Modify
List
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Modify
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
Delist
List
Pending
Denied
Withdrawn
Denied
Pending
Granted
Withdrawn
Withdrawn
Withdrawn
Denied
Denied
Withdrawn
Pending
Withdrawn
Denied
Granted
Granted
Denied
Proposed
Granted
Granted
Withdrawn
Denied
Denied
Partially Granted
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
EPA is reviewing whether certain constituent metals of alloys should be reportable.
The ammonium sulfate (solution) proposed deletion will not result in a loss of reporting, but rather in more focused reporting.
CFC = Chlorofluorocarbon
C.I. = Color Index
Finalized as copper phthalocyanine compounds substituted only with bromine, chlorine, and/or hydrogen.
Refer to Question 23 for a complete list of the HCFCs and RCRA chemicals that were added to the list.
V. POLLUTION PREVENTION QUESTIONS
For more information:
Anning Smith, Environmental Assistance Division (202) 260-1576
Q33 When will EPA publish the final
guidance for the PPA-required data
elements?
A The information required by the Pollution
Prevention Act of 1990 (PPA) and the guidance
for reporting that information have been
discussed by the Toxics Data Reporting
Subcommittee of the National Advisory Council
for Environmental Policy and Technology
(NACEPT). NACEPT is an independent
advisory council that provides advice and
recommendations to EPA on environmental
issues. EPA has considered the Council's ideas
as it developed final guidance for the
requirements of the PPA. EPA anticipates
publishing the proposed guidance for public
review in August 1995 and final guidance by
December 1995.
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Appendix A Questions and Answers
Q34 The Form R expiration date is listed as
11/92. Is the Form R valid for reporting year
1993?
A November 1992 was the expiration date
given by the Office of Management and Budget
(OMB) when it approved the form on May 19,
1992. However, the Pollution Prevention Act
Implementation provisions of the 1993
Appropriations Act allows the Agency to
continue to use this Form R until revisions are
promulgated by law. Therefore, this Form R is
still valid and should be used for all submissions
until changes are made to the
Form R.
Q35 Why don't the totals reported for off-
site transfers for energy recovery, recycling,
and treatment for one part of the Form R
equal the quantities of chemicals reported for
energy recovery off-site, recycling off-site,
and treatment off-site in another part? Do
these represent different quantities? Why
are the data reported in two places on the
Form R?
A The Source Reduction and Recycling
Activities section (Section 8) of Form R
contains the aggregate quantities undergoing
each type of off-site waste management practice
(recycling, energy recovery, treatment, or
disposal). In the Transfers of the Toxic
Chemical in Wastes to Off-Site Locations
section (Section 6) of Form R, the same quantity
is reported, but by off-site location and by the
specific type of each waste management
practice applied to the chemical. The quantities
reported in Sections 6 and 8 are different if the
facility has reported accidental or one-time
releases not related to production. Quantities
reported in Section 8 do not include such
quantities, while quantities reported in Section 6
do. If the facility has not reported any non-
production related releases, the quantities
reported in Section 8 and Section 6 should be
the same. Differences in the data are also due to
different interpretations made by reporting
facilities when completing Sections 6 and 8.
EPA is building on the experience gained from
the 1991, 1992, and 1993 reports to develop
final guidance for reporting facilities.
Q36 How does the quantity released as
reported in the "Source Reduction and
Recycling Activities" section (Section 8) of
the Form R differ from the quantities
reported in the "Releases of the Toxic
Chemical to the Environment On-Site"
section (Section 5)?
A The quantity reported as released in
Section 8.1 can differ from the total of the
releases reported in Section 5 in two basic ways.
First, the quantity reported in Section 8 includes
quantities sent off-site for disposal, which are
reported in Section 6 and not in Section 5.
Second, the quantity reported in Section 8
should not include any quantities released to the
environment because of catastrophic, remedial,
or one-time events that are non-routine (not
associated with production operations). Such
quantities would be included as part of the total
releases reported in Section 5.
Q37 Why are the off-site energy recovery,
recycling, and treatment data characterized
differently from these same activities on-site?
A The difference in how the data are
characterized is based on the level of knowledge
the facility has. For example, a facility is able
to estimate the amount of the toxic chemical
recovered by on-site recycling processes
because this activity is under its control. The
facility is not likely to know the amount
recovered through a similar activity occurring
off-site which is not under its control. What the
facility should know, however, is the quantity of
the chemical sent off-site for the purpose of
recycling. This same difference in knowledge
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TH
MUM*.
Appendix A Questions and Answers
applies to on-site and off-site energy recovery
and treatment. The facility can estimate
amounts combusted for energy and destroyed
through their treatment processes, but only
know the amounts sent off-site for the purpose
of energy recovery and treatment.
Q38 Why are the quantities reported in the
"Source Reduction and Recycling Activities"
section (Section 8) mutually exclusive of one
another?
A These quantities are designed to add up to
the total amount of the TRI chemical in wastes
(exclusive of catastrophic, remedial, or one-time
non-production related releases). To
accomplish this, the individual quantities
undergoing each type of waste management
activity must be mutually exclusive. Any
double or multiple counting of an amount of the
reported TRI chemical in waste will inflate the
actual total. This also gives a more accurate
picture of how the toxic chemical in wastes is
managed within the waste management
hierarchy.
Q39 Why are catastrophic releases
reported separately?
A The amounts reported as recycled, used for
energy recovery, treated, and released in Section
8 identify the quantities of the toxic chemical in
waste that should be subject to pollution
prevention efforts. The catastrophic releases are
reported separately because they cannot be
predicted and are generally not amenable to
pollution prevention efforts.
Q40 Why are the recycling numbers so
large?
A The recycling numbers are especially large
in comparison with amounts of the toxic
chemical reported as being released to the
environment. These amounts are not
unexpected, however. Quantities recycled are
likely to be much larger than release quantities
because the purpose of recycling is to recover
the chemical for further use. Unlike the
quantities released, which leave the process, the
recycled amounts return to the process again and
again, and can be estimated based on the total
number of times an amount is recovered from
wastes and returned for further use.
Q41 How will EPA use the future years'
estimates? What if actual estimates differ
from the projected estimates?
A EPA will use the future estimates data as
indicators of future trends in waste management.
The future year estimates are projections and do
not represent a commitment or a quantity that
the facility must meet under penalty of
enforcement.
Q42 What is the purpose of the production
index?
A The production index is a ratio of
production during the reporting year and
production during the prior year and is intended
to provide a potential indicator of progress in
source reduction. It also allows data users to
assess the impact of business changes on
changes in total waste generated. By
multiplying the sum of the waste quantities
reported for the prior year by the production
index, a data user can estimate the amount of the
toxic chemical that would have been expected to
enter wastes in the reporting year, given the
change in production. Comparing this expected
quantity for the current reporting year to the
sum of the actual quantities for the current
reporting year can yield an indication of whether
source reduction is occurring. (See analysis in
Chapter 2 of this document.)
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Appendix A Questions and Answers
Q43 How is a chemical that is treated on-
site and then disposed of reported in the
"Source Reduction and Recycling Activities"
section (Section 8) of the Form R?
A The amount of a chemical destroyed in on-
site treatment is the quantity reported as treated
on-site. Any amount not destroyed (the
balance) is reported as the quantity "released"
(including transferred off-site for disposal).
Q44 Does EPA plan to review the quality of
the data reported in Section 8 of the Form R?
A EPA has instituted a computerized review
of the new data, primarily to check potential
data discrepancies between different sections of
the form.
Q45 Over 800,000 pounds of various metals
and metal compounds have been reported as
transferred to energy recovery. Can metal
compounds be used for energy recovery?
A No. These reports were made in error.
They may represent metal compounds in waste
solvents that were sent to an energy recovery
unit. EPA's instructions cite metals as an
example of the type of chemicals that should not
be reported as undergoing energy recovery
because they do not contribute to the heating
value of the waste stream.
Q46 A large quantity of toluene was
reported as burned off-site for energy
recovery in 1993. Does any of the toluene get
released to the environment as a result of
this?
A Energy recovery processes are not 100%
efficient. Therefore, some small amount of the
toluene is likely to be released, either as un-
combusted material or as fugitive releases from
the handling of the toluene-containing material
prior to combustion.
Q47 What is the difference between energy
recovery and incineration?
A Both incineration and energy recovery
involve combustion of a toxic chemical in a
waste. However, they have different purposes.
Energy recovery is combustion occurring in a
boiler, kiln, or industrial furnace in which the
heat from the combustion is used to generate
steam or to heat other materials in a
manufacturing process. Incineration is
combustion with the primary purpose being the
destruction of the toxic chemical.
Q48 How are the data elements in Section 8
of Form R different from those stated in the
PPA?
A Facilities do not report the "quantity
entering any waste stream prior to recycling,
treatment, or disposal" as stated in the PPA.
This number is derived by EPA by adding up
the individual quantities that were reported as
released, used for energy recovery, treated, and
recycled. This total number is available in the
public database for each chemical reported by a
facility. Energy recovery, not discussed in the
PPA, has aspects of both recycling and waste
treatment, and is reported separately rather than
included as part of the quantities reported as
treated or recycled. Instead of reporting the
percent changes of quantities from the prior year
and for the next two years, the Form R collects
the actual prior year quantity and the estimated
two future years' quantities in pounds per year.
Quantities treated, recycled, or undergoing
energy recovery are reported separately by
whether they occur on-site or off-site.
Q49 Will 1994 TRI reporting be different
from 1993 TRI reporting?
A The 1994 TRI reporting will use essentially
the same Form R and instructions as were used
for the 1993 reporting.
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Appendix A Questions and Answers
Q50 What is the Office of Pollution
Prevention and Toxics (OPPT) doing to
reduce TRI releases?
A OPPT is using TRI data to help target
activities, chemicals, facilities, and industry
categories that are of high concern. The
Pollution Prevention Policy Council's initiative,
"Source Reduction Review Project," is one
example where the TRI data were used as a
screening tool to identify a group of industrial
categories as long-term targets of opportunity.
As a part of this project, OPPT is working with
other program offices to incorporate prevention
into their programs, through regulation where
feasible and through guidance and voluntary
efforts. OPPT is also working with industry
(usually through trade associations) to raise
awareness of the benefits of pollution
prevention. OPPT also conducts training
programs that help orient government and
industry toward pollution prevention and
incorporate prevention into what they do. A
state grants program is available to help states
develop pollution prevention programs. OPPT
and the Office of Research and Development
have developed a clearinghouse that provides
information on pollution prevention for
industry, government, and public interest groups
to use in encouraging and implementing
prevention.
QSl The quantity of certain chemicals
released (at a particular facility or
nationwide) is decreasing. What does this
mean?
A The TRI database does not include specific
explanations of the reasons for changes in
quantities reported by facilities. The new TRI
data can give some indication of whether
changes are due to shifting of chemicals off-site
for energy recovery or recycling, decrease in
economic activity or production levels, or
source reduction. However, other factors may
also cause changes, such as substitution of one
chemical (that may or may not be in TRI) for
another, changes in accounting or estimation
techniques, and other reasons. A study
completed by OPPT examined how some of the
above factors contributed to changes in releases
and transfers between 1989 and 1990. The
study found that source reduction was a
significant factor in explaining some of the
changes. However, fluctuations in production
were more frequently cited than changes due to
source reduction for individual facilities'
increases and decreases. This is an important
consideration because measuring progress in
source reduction must also take into account
production changes.
Source reduction is too complex to be captured
by only one measure. These new data collected
on Form R will help EPA better evaluate release
trends and will also be critical in developing a
comprehensive understanding of the effects of
pollution prevention activities. The data
provide EPA a more comprehensive view of
waste management practices. They shift the
focus from releases to movement up the waste
management hierarchy.
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Appendix A Questions and Answers
m
OrtlMMU
VI. EXPOSURE AND HEALTH EFFECTS QUESTIONS
For more information:
Linda Rusak, Chemical Screening and Risk Assessment Division (202) 260-5273
Q52 How much of these chemicals am I
exposed to?
A Estimating exposure based on release
quantities requires an analysis of chemical- and
site-specific characteristics. There is no simple
conversion of release quantity to concentration
in the environment or dose received by
individuals.
Natural environmental processes can: transform
the chemical (e.g., sunlight decomposes some
chemicals); transfer it from one medium to
another (e.g., water to air); or concentrate it
(e.g., bioaccumulation of the chemical in fish).
Concentration in the environment can depend on
the volume of water in the receiving stream into
which the chemical is released; dispersion of air
releases as a function of local meteorological
conditions; the height from which the release
occurs; integrity of landfill liners or other
containment of disposed materials; and many
other factors. Finally, your exposure to the
chemicals will depend on factors such as
distance from the release, source and treatment
of your drinking water supply, etc.
Q53 What are my chances of getting sick
when I have been exposed to chemicals?
A The likelihood of becoming sick from
chemicals is determined by the length of time
someone is exposed and the amount of chemical
to which he or she is exposed, as well as the
"inherent" toxicity of the chemical. The risk
increases as the amount of exposure increases.
Q54 When are higher exposures more
likely?
A Accidents can expose the facility's workers
and surrounding community to higher
concentrations of the chemicals. Other
conditions that increase risk of exposure include
dust-releasing operations (grinding, mixing,
blasting, dumping, etc.), other physical and
mechanical processes (heating, pouring,
spraying, spills, and evaporation from large
surface areas such as open containers), and
"confined space" exposures (working inside
vats, reactors, boilers, small rooms, etc.).
During process start-up and shutdown
operations, there also is a greater likelihood of
exposure. The closer one is to a release, the
greater the potential for exposure.
Q55 Is the risk of getting sick higher for
workers in the facilities than for community
residents?
A Yes. Exposures in the community, except
possibly in cases of fires or spills, are usually
much lower than those found in the workplace.
However, people in the community may be
exposed to contaminated water as well as to
chemicals in the air over long periods. Because
of this, and because of exposure of sensitive
populations, such as children or people who are
already ill, community exposures may cause
health problems.
Q56 If I have acute (short-term) health
effects, will these actually develop into
chronic effects?
A Not always. Most chronic (long-term)
effects result from repeated exposures to a
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Appendix A Questions and Answers
chemical. Although many acute effects are
reversible, some exposures may also cause
chronic health effects.
Q57 Can I get long-term effects without
ever having short-term effects?
A Yes, because long-term effects can occur
from repeated or continuous exposures to a
chemical at levels not high enough to make you
immediately sick.
Q58 Don't all chemicals cause cancer?
A No. Most chemicals tested by scientists do
not cause cancer.
Q59 Should I be concerned if a chemical
causes cancer in animals?
A Yes. Most scientists agree that a chemical
that causes cancer in animals should be treated
as a suspected human carcinogen unless proven
otherwise.
Q60 Should I be concerned if a chemical is
a teratogen (a substance which causes fetal
malformations) in animals?
A Yes. Although some chemicals may affect
humans differently than they affect animals,
damage to animals suggests that damage can
occur in humans.
Q61 But don't they test animals using
much higher levels of a chemical than people
usually are exposed to?
A Yes. That's so effects can be seen more
clearly using fewer animals. But high doses
alone don't cause cancer unless the chemical is
a cancer agent. In fact, a chemical that causes
cancer in animals at high doses could cause
cancer in humans exposed to low doses,
especially over long periods of time.
Q62 Can men as well as women be affected
by chemicals that cause reproductive system
damage?
A Yes. Some chemicals reduce potency or
fertility in either men or women. Some damage
sperm and eggs, possibly leading to birth
defects.
Q63 Aren't pregnant women at the greatest
risk from reproductive hazards?
A Not necessarily. Pregnant women are at
greatest risk from chemicals which harm the
developing fetus. However, chemicals may
affect the ability to have children, so both men
and women of child-bearing age are at higher
risk.
Q64 What is the risk to public health
resulting from toxic emissions to the air?
A While the TRI data represent a useful
means of identifying potential air toxics sources,
these data are not sufficient to accurately
determine the magnitude of the public health
risk posed by the emissions from a given
facility. For example, TRI provides no
information concerning the potential exposure
to these emissions. These data are most useful
to point out the direction for further analyses of
public health risk. In addition to identifying
new regulatory projects, the data can be used to
make priority decisions for the air toxics
regulatory agenda.
Q65 Is there any difference between
fugitive and stack air emissions when it
comes to my health?
A Dispersion of the chemical and its
concentration at various distances from the point
of release are affected by whether, for example,
the chemical is emitted from a tall stack at high
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Appendix A Questions and Answers
TO
IMbMot,
temperatures or a pipe fitting near the ground at
ambient temperature. Thus, your exposure
could vary depending on the manner in which
the release occurs. In general, a ground or near-
ground release, such as through fugitive
emissions, will more likely result in a higher
exposure and, therefore, a greater possible
health hazard for nearby residents than
emissions from tall stacks.
Q66 Can my drinking water be
contaminated by these toxic chemicals?
A Again, this depends on the amount and
concentration released, characteristics at the site,
including the relationship of the release to the
water supply, both surface and below ground,
the distance to where the drinking water intake/
well is located, and treatment, if any, the water
receives before it is piped to your house.
Q67 Are the plants with the largest releases
always the most important in terms of public
health?
A No. It is not possible to determine risks to
public health strictly from knowing the amount
of a chemical which is released by a facility
over a year. A release total is an important first
step in identifying a facility that may pose a
public health hazard. Other factors that are
necessary to the risk assessment process include
specific information on: the environmental
medium of the release, chemical toxicity and
potency, local meteorological and topographical
characteristics, where people live and work
(potential population exposure), and when and
how releases occur. Because some chemicals
are more toxic than others, knowing only the
quantity of chemicals released to the
environment is not sufficient to determine its
importance with respect to risk.
Q68 Is there a risk of getting sick when I
have been exposed to a chemical that is
released in small quantity?
A It depends upon the inherent ability of the
chemical to cause effect. Chemicals such as
cyanide can make you sick even if you are
exposed in small quantity.
Q69 Why should I be concerned about
getting ill when I am exposed to
Pharmaceuticals and pesticides which have
been tested for safety?
A Uncontrolled use of such chemicals may
pose the likelihood of an individual becoming
sick depending upon how long that person is
exposed and the amount of exposure. It will also
depend upon the inherent toxicity of the
chemical.
Q70 How does EPA determine the health
and environmental effects of chemicals?
A EPA has developed guidelines to assess
these effects. The available information on each
chemical is evaluated using these guidelines and
a determination is made on a case-by-case-basis.
EPA is currently in the process of revising these
guidelines. For further information call the
EPCRA Hotline, (800) 535-0202.
Q71 Why should I be concerned about
chemicals that accumulate at extremely low
levels?
A These chemicals are persistent and
accumulate in soil, plants, and organisms and,
therefore, pose the chance of causing an adverse
impact on human health and the environment
even when released at low levels. Over a
number of years such chemicals can accumulate
in larger quantities.
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Appendix A Questions and Answers
Q72 If I am exposed to a neurotoxin, will it
affect my ability to work?
A TRI contains chemicals that produce a
variety of effects on the nervous system.
However, depending upon how long a person is
exposed to and the amount of the chemical, the
effect may be slight to severe.
VII. COMPLIANCE AND ENFORCEMENT QUESTIONS
For more information:
Maria Eisemann, Office of Compliance (202) 564-7016
Barbara Reilly, Office of Regulatory Enforcement (202) 564-4176
Q73 How many inspections have EPA's
Regional offices conducted in support of the
Office of Compliance (OC) EPCRA section
313 program?
A Since October 1988, EPA field offices
have conducted 4,446 inspections of facilities
subject to EPCRA section 313 reporting
requirements.
FY1988- 153
FY 1989 - 768
FY 1990-701
FY 1991-666
FY 1992 - 774
FY 1993 - 836
FY 1994 - 548
Q74 How many civil complaints have been
issued?
A EPA has issued 916 civil complaints
(almost all of which were against non-reporters)
since October 1988.
FY 1990 - 206
FY 1991 - 179
FY1992- 134
FY 1993-219
FY 1994 - 178
Q75 What is the total amount of proposed
penalties levied against EPCRA section 313
violators?
A EPA's Office of Compliance has levied
proposed penalties in excess of $54,000,000 in
the EPCRA section 313 program since October
1988. In fiscal year 1994 EPA proposed
$14,671,911 in civil administrative penalties.
Q76 What is EPA doing about
Supplemental Environmental Projects
(SEPs)?
A A Supplemental Environmental Project is
one that the respondent/defendant agrees to
conduct as a term of settlement in exchange for
partial mitigation of a civil penalty. These
projects reduce risk to human health and the
environment beyond that which is required by
law (federal, state, or local). Since fiscal year
1991 (when EPA began tracking SEPs), EPA
has settled 185 EPCRA section 313 cases
containing one or more SEPs.
Q77 What is the EPCRA section 313
compliance and enforcement program doing
about data quality?
A Data quality has emerged as a second
important focus for the EPCRA section 313
compliance and enforcement programs, both at
Headquarters and in the Regions. Now that the
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section 313 non-reporters compliance and
enforcement program has matured, EPA is
beginning to concentrate more on the quality of
the TRI data submitted to EPA and the states.
EPA and its Regions are using a variety of tools,
from compliance assistance to issuing cases, to
ensure compliance with the regulations.
Q78 Without a final regulation in place,
how is EPA enforcing the Pollution
Prevention Act reporting requirements?
A Submission of the data to EPA and the
states is required by the Pollution Prevention
Appendix A Questions and Answers
Act as mandated by Congress. Each of the EPA
Regional offices will receive a complete listing
of those facilities that have received a Notice of
Noncompliance (NON) for not reporting on the
revised Form R. In accordance with the
EPCRA Enforcement Response Policy, EPA
may issue civil penalties against those facilities
that do not comply with the terms of the NON.
VIII. 33/50 PROGRAM QUESTIONS
For more information:
Mike Burns, Environmental Assistance Division (202) 260-6394
Q79 How is the 33/50 Program related to
the TRI program?
A In February 1991, the EPA Administrator
announced the establishment of the 33/50
Program. It is a voluntary TRI release reduction
program that asks industries to work with EPA,
the environmental community, and the states to
initiate or expand pollution prevention activities
at individual facilities. EPA sought a 33%
reduction in TRI releases and off-site transfers
for treatment and disposal of 17 selected toxic
chemicals and chemical categories by 1992 and
is seeking a 50% or greater reduction by 1995.
These reductions will be measured using the
1988 TRI data as a baseline. EPA expects the
public accountability fostered by TRI and the
Pollution Prevention Act to continue to play a
vital role in persuading companies to take
voluntary actions to prevent pollution from toxic
chemicals.
The 17 chemicals and chemical categories
targeted for reductions are: benzene, cadmium
and compounds, carbon tetrachloride,
chloroform, chromium and compounds, cyanide
and compounds, dichloromethane, lead and
compounds, mercury and compounds, methyl
ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, nickel and
compounds, tetrachloroethylene, toluene, 1,1,1-
trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, and xylenes.
For further information, see Chapter 4, "TRI
Reporting Profiles for 33/50 Program
Chemicals," of this document.
Q80 Is the 33/50 Program ending at the end
of 1995?
A The 33/50 Program's ultimate 50%
reduction goal is targeted to be achieved by the
end of 1995. In fact, 1993 TRI projection data
suggest that the goal may have been achieved by
the end of 1994. However, the 33/50 Program
will continue at EPA at least through 1996 and
into 1997. Companies are still encouraged to
enroll in the Program throughout 1995, and
company reduction goals need not be
constrained to the Program's 1995 national
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Mb"**. I
Appendix A Questions and Answers
target year. Some 33/50 Program companies
have set pollution reduction goals that extend
well past 1995. Furthermore, while many
company reduction projects may be completed
by the end of 1995, EPA must wait for 1994 and
1995 TRI data to be reported and assembled to
analyze and report on the full extent of 33/50
Program achievements. Accordingly, EPA's
administration of the 33/50 Program will not
terminate at the close of the 1995 calendar year.
Q81 What is EPA planning to do as a
follow-up to the 33/50 Program?
A EPA has initiated a decision-making
process to determine what, if anything, should
be the next generation of the 33/50 Program.
Public input is being sought on key questions,
such as whether a next-generation voluntary
program is warranted, what its goals would be,
what industries would be encouraged to
participate, etc. The full set of next-generation
decision-making questions appears at the end of
the 33/50 Program chapter (Chapter 4) of this
report. EPA hopes to make a public
announcement concerning a next-generation
program early in the summer of 1995.
Q82 What company recognition activities
is EPA planning for 33/50 Program
participants throughout the remaining life of
the Program?
A All companies that enroll in the 33/50
Program receive Certificates of Appreciation
signed by the Administrator, and their names
are listed by EPA in periodic 33/50 Program
Progress Reports. As the Program approaches
achieving its 50% reduction goal, the Agency is
assessing options for commending companies
for their reduction achievements, including
recognizing companies that meet their own
reduction targets and/or all companies that
contribute to achieving the Program's national
goals. EPA is also working with a panel of
interested parties to determine whether 33/50
Program Awards should be issued to a select set
of companies undertaking exemplary reduction
activities. Other recognition options are also
being explored by this group, including
developing a compendium of 33/50 Program
Success Stories, Recognition of some type will
be made at a major 33/50 Program conference
timed to celebrate achievement of the Program's
50% reduction goal.
IX. AIR QUESTIONS
For more information:
Vasu Kilaru, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (919) 541-5332
Al Rush, Office of Air and Radiation (202) 260-6002
Q83 What legal tools are available to the
Agency to reduce toxic air emissions?
A Title III of the amended Clean Air Act
(CAA) is the primary regulatory tool by which
EPA will control emissions of air toxics. Under
section 112(d), EPA must issue regulations
requiring the maximum degree of reduction in
emissions that is achievable. After the
application of the maximum achievable control
technology (MACT) standards, section 112(f)
states that EPA must issue additional standards
within eight years if necessary to further protect
the public.
Also, EPA has authority to abate "imminent and
substantial endangerment" to public health
under several statutes. In particular, section 303
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Appendix A Questions and Answers
of the CAA and section 106 of Comprehensive
Emergency Response, Compensation, and
Liability Act (CERCLA) provide that EPA can
issue administrative orders or seek injunctive
relief in court to address such hazards. Any
facility-specific enforcement action would
typically be preceded by a detailed facility-
specific analysis of emissions and risk. EPA
would consider use of these authorities to
reduce emissions from facilities that pose high
risks due to toxic air pollutants.
Q84 How much of the 1.7 billion pounds of
toxic chemicals emitted to the air is
addressed by the air toxics section of the 1990
Clean Air Act Amendments?
A The 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments
(CAAA) address over 1.2 billion pounds of the
1.7 billion pounds of toxic chemicals released to
the air as reported to the TRI for 1993. The
remaining 500 million pounds are subject to
control under Title I of the CAA as volatile
organic compounds under the ambient air
standard for ozone or are subject to the
particulate matter ambient air standard.
Q85 When will EPA promulgate
regulations to reduce these emissions?
A In accordance with the CAA, EPA
published on July 16, 1992, the final list of
categories of sources to be regulated
(57 FR 31576). The proposed schedule for
regulation was published by EPA on September
24, 1992 in the Federal Register (57 FR 44147).
A final regulation for Hazardous Organic
National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air
Pollutants (HON) for the synthetic organic
chemical manufacturing industry was published
on February 28, 1994. The HON will have far-
reaching effects because it requires reductions
of up to 110 hazardous air pollutants. The
requirement will result in substantial reductions
in emissions from the affected facilities.
Q86 Why are some of the 189 hazardous
air pollutants listed in the amendments to the
Clean Air Act not included in the TRI?
A Below are 14 chemicals listed as hazardous
air pollutants in the new CAA that were not
listed on EPCRA section 313 for the 1993
reporting year. Nine of the 14 were proposed
for addition on January 12, 1994, as part of the
Agency's proposed expansion of the TRI
chemical list. On November 22, 1994, EPA
issued a rule that added six of those nine
chemicals to the TRI list.
Proposed and added
Dimethyl formamide
Hexamethylene-1,6-diisocyanate
Hexane
Phosphine
Polycyclic Organic Matter (polycyclic
aromatic compounds)
Triethylamine
Proposed and deferred
Caprolactam
Isophorone
Mineral fibers
Not proposed
Coke Oven Emissions
p,p'-Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene
(DDE)
Radionuclides (including radon)
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane
There are various reasons why the remaining
hazardous air pollutants were not proposed for
addition to EPCRA section 313. Two examples
follow: 1) Coke oven emissions is a process
category. It consists of a mixture of various
chemicals that are individually listed on EPCRA
section 313 or are being proposed for addition to
EPCRA section 313, i.e., polycyclic aromatic
compounds. EPA believes that for the purposes
of the Toxics Release Inventory coke oven
emissions are more appropriately covered by
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Appendix A Questions and Answers
listing the constituents rather than the process
category. 2) Other chemicals such as 2,3,7,8-
tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin are not produced in
quantities that will meet or exceed the EPCRA
section 313 reporting thresholds. Listing this
type of chemical would not result in the
submission of TRI reports.
Q87 How will EPA regulate TRI chemicals
with large quantities of air emissions?
A Listed below are the 10 chemicals with the
greatest total reported air emissions in TRI for
1993 (see Table 1-25), and the authority by
which they will be regulated under the Clean
Air Act Amendments.
Chemical
Toluene
Methanol
Ammonia
Acetone
Xylene
Carbon disulfide
Methyl ethyl ketone
Hydrochloric acid
Chlorine
Dichloromethane
Regulated under
Clean Air Act Amendment
Title I and Title III,
section 112(b)
Title I and Title III,
section 112(b)
Title III, section 112(r)
Title I
Title I and Title III,
section 112(b)
Title I and Title III,
section 112(b)
Title I and Title III,
section 112(b)
Title III, section 112(b)
Title III, section 112(b)
and 112(r)
Title III, section 112(b)
Title I of the CAAA covers emission reduction
programs for volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) to meet ambient air quality standards.
These programs are controlled to some extent by
state and/or local governments. Six of the 10
TRI chemicals listed above are regulated under
Title I as VOCs that participate in atmospheric
photochemical reactions to produce ozone, a
regulated ambient air pollutant.
Title III, section 112(b) of the CAAA, lists
hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) that EPA is
required to regulate by source categories. Eight
of the 10 TRI chemicals listed above are
considered CAAA HAPs. EPA's approach will
lead to the early regulation of source categories
that emit one or more of the HAPs. Therefore,
significant reductions of all of the HAPs emitted
by an industrial plant will be achieved rather
than reduction of just one specific pollutant.
For example, the HAPs (also referred to as air
toxics) will be regulated under one of the first
emission standards to be promulgated under the
CAAA. The Hazardous Organic National
Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air
Pollutants will affect many sources of toxic
emissions, such as process vents, equipment
leaks, and storage tanks at chemical
manufacturing plants, and will address the
emissions of over 110 of the pollutants listed in
section 112 of Title III. Hydrochloric acid
emissions will be regulated by Maximum
Available Control Technology (MACT)
standards covering other source categories.
Title III, Section 112(r) of the CAAA, requires
EPA to develop risk management planning
(RMP) regulations to help prevent accidental
releases of at least 100 substances. In January
1994, EPA promulgated a final list consisting of
140 toxic and flammable substances, as well as
Division 1.1 explosives, which will be subject to
the requirements in the RMP rulemaking.
Facilities producing, handling, or storing
threshold quantities of listed substances,
including chlorine and ammonia, will be
required to undertake a risk management
program and develop risk management plans
available to the public. The program must
include a hazard assessment, prevention
program, and emergency response program.
EPA published a proposed RMP rule in October
1993.
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In addition to the other air pollutant regulations,
section 604 of Title VI mandates restrictions of
ozone-depleting chemicals. On December 10,
1993, EPA published a final rule (58 FR 65018)
that phases out the production of ozone-
depleting chemicals, including Freon 113,
dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12), and 1,1,1-
trichloroethane (methyl chloroform), by January
1, 1996, due to their ozone-depleting potential.
The effective date of this rule was January 1,
1994. (See question 23 for the ozone depleters
added to TRI.)
Appendix A Questions and Answers
The EPA's Technology Transfer Network
Bulletin Board System (TTN BBS) is an
excellent resource for information regarding
proposed and promulgated rules pursuant to the
1990 CAAA. The modem number is (919) 541-
5742, and it operates at 8N1 (8 databits, No
parity, 1 stopbit). For more information
regarding the TTN BBS, contact the help desk
at (919) 541-5384.
X. WATER QUESTIONS
For more information:
Arnold Kuzmak, Office of Water (202) 260-5821
Q88 How do the surface water releases
compare from 1992 to 1993 for specific
chemicals?
A Of the top 15 chemicals released to water,
the following chemicals showed a decrease:
sulfuric acid (-13%), methanol (-45%),
ammonium sulfate (solution) (-25%), ethylene
glycol (-13%), ammonia (-16%), hydrochloric
acid (-63%), formaldehyde (-5%), chloroform
(-31%), chlorine (-30%), and manganese
compounds (-23%). Chromium compounds,
listed as the chemical with the 15th largest total
releases to water in 1990, decreased 13%
between 1992 and 1993. Chloroform and
chromium compounds are both chemicals
targeted for release reduction by EPA's 33/50
program.
Decreases for these chemicals were nearly off-
set by phosphoric acid releases, which increased
by 17 million pounds, or about 11%, due
primarily to releases from a single fertilizer
facility.
Q89 What are the water quality impacts
and toxicity concerns for the TRI chemicals
with the largest surface water releases?
A TRI reports 217 chemicals discharged
directly into the water environment. Nearly
97% (by weight) of these discharges consists of
seven chemicals.
Two of these chemicals (phosphoric acid and
sulfuric acid) affect water quality primarily by
altering the pH of the water body, a chemical
parameter EPA already regulates for industrial
and municipal discharges to water.
Three other chemicals (ammonium sulfate,
ammonia, and ammonium nitrate) primarily
affect water quality by the introduction of
ammonia to the water body. EPA has issued
water quality criteria for ammonia. For several
years, EPA has required states to pay special
attention to them when developing water quality
standards and regulatory control strategies. EPA
also regulates the oxygen demand from
ammonia and the nutrient impact of all three
ammonia chemicals.
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Appendix A Questions and Answers
Methanol is a semi-volatile chemical that
biodegrades readily and is toxic only at
moderately high levels.
Ethylene glycol is essentially antifreeze.
Ethylene glycol is not a priority pollutant, and
EPA does not have water quality criteria for this
chemical. It is moderately toxic to aquatic
organisms at high levels.
EPA will examine the remaining 210 chemicals
to see if their toxicity or the characteristics of
the receiving waters require short-term or long-
term attention. The environmental impact of
these discharges is much more dependent on the
toxicity of the chemicals and on the physical,
chemical, and biological characteristics of the
receiving waters than simply on the weight of
these chemicals.
Q90 How does EPA (or the states) regulate
EPCRA section 313 chemicals discharged to
water?
A Under section 301 of the Clean Water Act
(CWA), the discharge of any pollutant by any
person is unlawful unless it is in compliance
with the provision of the Act. This provision is
implemented by EPA and the states through the
development of effluent guidelines, the adoption
of water quality standards, and the issuance of a
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System (NPDES) permit. Pursuant to
Congressional directive, these programs have
focused on a subset of toxic pollutants of
greatest concern. There are 126 such toxic
chemicals; they are known as "priority
pollutants." This list includes 94 of the TRI
chemicals. States are in the process of adopting
water quality standards for those priority
pollutants that could reasonably be expected to
interfere with water quality. The states and EPA
then use standards, together with best available
treatment guidelines, to set enforceable permit
limits on the amounts of these and other toxic
pollutants that cities and industries are allowed
to discharge to waters of the United States.
While many of the TRI chemicals with the
largest surface water discharges are controlled, a
number of the small-volume chemicals with
high toxicity levels are not fully regulated. EPA
will continue to work with the states to ensure
that all appropriate standards and permits are
adopted. EPA is also preparing to issue federal
water quality standards if states do not adopt
standards as Congress has directed. In addition,
states and EPA regulate the overall toxicity of
effluents with permit limits that rely upon
biological toxicity tests; these limits serve, in
part, to control the discharge of those TRI
chemicals for which there are no state water
quality standards.
Q91 Which of the TRI chemicals are
covered by water quality criteria? What are
your plans to develop water quality criteria
for chemicals that are on the EPCRA section
313 list, but for which criteria have not been
developed?
A EPA has published aquatic life and/or
human health protective ambient water quality
criteria for 134 of the TRI chemicals. There is a
current capability to develop four to six aquatic
life protective water quality criteria a year.
Obviously, at this level of effort, it would take
many years to complete criteria for all of the
chemicals on the TRI list.
Because criteria and advisory development is a
multi-year process, EPA is careful to set
priorities before beginning work. First, EPA
collects a variety of toxicology and exposure
information on chemicals we are considering for
criteria or advisories. Then, EPA ranks the
pollutants. Finally, EPA meets with other
affected offices to obtain their views before
making a final selection of chemicals for criteria
A-24
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Appendix A Questions and Answers
TO
and advisory development. TRI data will play a
major role in setting these priorities.
Once EPA issues a criteria document for a
chemical, the next step is for states to adopt
them as water quality standards under state law.
Those standards are then used to derive
enforceable NPDES permit limits for specific
direct discharging facilities.
Q92 Are the TRI chemicals covered by the
state water quality standards? If not, why
not?
A A number of the TRI chemicals are
covered by state water quality standards.
Recently, under the CWA, EPA's emphasis on
adoption and revision of chemicals in state
water quality standards has been on the subset
of TRI chemicals appearing on the CWA
section 307(a)(l) list. This is a list of 126
pollutants that Congress has identified for
priority attention in EPA's water program. The
emphasis on this list for state standards stems
from the mandate in the 1987 CWA
amendments that EPA ensure that these
chemicals, in particular, are covered in state
water quality standards.
The Agency is very concerned with any
pollution sources causing problems with human
health or with aquatic life. EPA will review the
TRI data, particularly in the context of the
pollutant ranking described above, and intends
to move aggressively in the water quality
standards area for unregulated pollutants.
Q93 EPA has completed its review of the
state assessments under Section 304(1) of the
CWA, which reported the names and
locations of water bodies in the United States
that are not in attainment with water quality
standards. Separate lists have been prepared
for waters impacted by any pollutants and
for waters and point sources where water
quality is entirely or substantially impacted
due to priority pollutants from point sources.
Were the TRI data used in these
assessments?
A States may have used similar types of
information in generating their lists, but the
actual TRI data submitted to EPA were not
available to them at the time they did their
assessments.
Q94 Were the TRI data used in EPA's
review of the states' lists developed under
Section 304(1)?
A Yes, to some degree. Under the statute,
EPA had until June 4, 1990, to approve or
disapprove the state lists. At a minimum, the
list of facilities submitted by states and planned
EPA additions to these lists were reviewed
against the list of facilities identified in the TRI
as discharging significant amounts of priority
pollutants.
Q95 Will future state assessments of waters
under Section 304(1) use TRI data?
A Yes, EPA will continue to review updates
to state lists against the current and subsequent
TRI submittals.
Q96 What are the difficulties in resolving
any differences between the 304(1) lists
submitted by the states and the TRI data?
A Each facility reporting to TRI a significant
release of toxics will need a separate review to
determine if its receiving water should be
included on future state lists of waters not
meeting water quality standards. Although EPA
expects the state lists to be generally consistent
with the TRI data, in some cases, the TRI data
include loadings from spills and other releases
not regulated by permits. There are also some
cases where states did not list waters on the
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Appendix A Questions and Answers
section 304(1) lists due to a lack of discharge or
ambient data for some toxics. In such cases,
EPA and the states will, over time, fill any data
gaps by collecting (and/or having dischargers
collect) additional effluent and ambient data. In
some cases, this may also require permitting of
previously unpermitted discharges.
Q97 The Office of Prevention, Pesticides
and Toxic Substances has prepared
information on the industrial categories that
are responsible for the majority of the
discharges of the TRI chemicals. What is the
process for deciding whether to revise
effluent guidelines or to develop new effluent
guidelines to reflect the TRI information?
A EPA is required to publish a biennial
effluent guidelines plan under section 304(m) of
the CWA. The purpose of the plan is to identify
those industrial categories for which effluent
limitations and standards should be developed
or revised. Plans were published in 1990 and
1992. The choice of industries to be regulated is
based on a number of factors, including TRI
data. A Task Force is currently advising EPA on
how to improve the process for selection of
additional industries, and this may lead to a
greater reliance on TRI data.
Q98 How will EPA use TRI to implement
the Public Water Supply Supervision
Program of the Safe Drinking Water Act?
A The Office of Ground Water and Drinking
Water will use the TRI data in a variety of ways
to identify potential contaminants in specific
geographic areas.
In particular, these data could be source data
for vulnerability assessments to determine
frequency of monitoring by public water
systems.
The Office of Ground Water and Drinking
Water could review chemicals reported in
the TRI database to identify candidates for
future maximum contaminant level
developments.
The Office of Ground Water and Drinking
Water compares hazardous waste injection
data with TRI data to identify and match
those contaminants released.
Q99 How will EPA use the TRI data to
improve the management of the permit
program?
A EPA will investigate the feasibility of EPA
Headquarters and Regions and states using TRI
data to determine whether permits issued to
some or all of these facilities control
contaminants listed as releases in TRI reports.
The Office of Wastewater Enforcement and
Compliance (OWEC) used TRI data to begin to
identify new undetected significant industrial
users discharging to POTWs and to identify
illegal unpermitted discharges.
OWEC used data to identify discharges by
industrial users to POTWs to determine whether
additional NPDES permit limits are needed.
OWEC, EPA Regional offices, and states will
use the data for geographic and national
planning and targeting of activities to high
priority areas (i.e., near coastal areas, wetlands)
and to target inspections to suspected violators
that could lead to permit modification, new or'
revised limits when the permit is reissued, or an
enforcement action.
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Appendix A Questions and Answers
i
TK
Mb Mm,
XI. UNDERGROUND INJECTION QUESTIONS
For more information:
Robert Smith, Office of Water (202) 260-5559
QlOO How are the TRI data used in the
Underground Injection Control (UIC)
program of the Safe Drinking Water Act?
A EPA and the implementing states verify the
accuracy of TRI-reported underground injection
operations to determine if these operations are
properly authorized and in compliance with the
program's requirements.
QlOl What does a TRI injection discharge
listing mean to an area's ground water
resources?
A A listing for any particular facility may,
depending on well classification and operating
status, pose a threat to underground sources of
drinking water. For that reason, each
underground injection listing in the TRI
database is checked against authorized facilities.
If not properly authorized, the operation would
be subject to state or EPA enforcement action.
If authorized, the operation would be subject to
a compliance review on a prescribed schedule.
Q102 What do the TRI data show as
underground injection operations?
A Generally, the largest number of facilities
are injecting waste into Class I wells, which are
industrial or municipal disposal wells injecting
waste below the lowermost underground
sources of drinking water. When constructed
and operated in compliance with program
requirements, these wells are expressly designed
to prevent the movement of formation and
disposed fluids into protected aquifers. Other
facilities may be injecting waste into Class V
wells, which are important because they may be
directly discharging into aquifers protected by
the program and are a high priority for
inspection and enforcement follow-up. EPA
bans injection of hazardous waste at or above
underground sources of drinking water.
Q103 Does EPA have any estimation of
what percentage of the TRI releases to
underground injection wells are going to
Class I (deep underground injection of
industrial or municipal wastes) wells?
A The current TRI Form R does not
differentiate between underground injection
releases by well type. Other UIC volume data
reported by the states and the Regions indicate
that the major percentage of TRI releases are to
Class I industrial (non-hazardous) and Class I
hazardous injection wells.
Q104 How are Class I injection wells
monitored to ensure against any toxic
releases to the environment?
A All Class I wells are rigorously monitored
to prevent any loss of fluids injected in the
receiving geologic formations. Class I wells
must be properly sited and adequately cased and
cemented to protect underground sources of
drinking water and isolate the injection zone;
the well casing, tubing, and annular seal must be
tested for mechanical integrity; a test for any
fluid movement along the borehole must be run
at least every five years, and the operator must
identify all wells within a specified distance
from the injection well bore to assure that all
abandoned wells are properly plugged so that
there is no potential for fluid movement by these
paths.
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Appendix A Questions and Answers
QlOS Have any Class I wells released
fluids to underground sources of drinking
water (USDWs), and, if so, were these wells
adequately repaired?
A Instances of contamination of underground
sources of drinking water by Class I wells have
been rare. EPA and the states have identified
only two cases where hazardous injected wastes
contaminated underground sources of drinking
water (USDWs), and one case where a Class I
well was suspected of causing contamination.
All three cases occurred prior to the
implementation of a state or federal UIC
program. EPA also identified eight cases where
leakage from Class I hazardous wells entered
non-USDW formations. These leaks were minor
in nature and immediately adjacent to the well
bore. All of these cases were addressed by either
repairing the wells or properly plugging and
abandoning operations.
XII. SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE QUESTIONS
For more information:
Chris Prins, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (202) 260-4608
Q106 How can a Local Emergency
Planning Committee (LEPC) and the
community use the TRI data?
A LEPCs can use the TRI data for
emergency planning for response to chemical
accidents. The LEPCs receive notifications of
accidental releases under EPCRA section 304.
They can compare the data received under
section 304 to the TRI data to help screen the
risks posed by manufacturing facilities in their
community. They also can review TRI
information along with chemical inventory
information submitted by facilities under
sections 311 and 312 of EPCRA to obtain a
"chemical profile" of their community for use
in planning for response to chemical accidents.
Q107 What role do TRI data play in
chemical accident prevention?
A TRI data are used to support two activities
related to chemical accident prevention:
TRI data are used to identify chemical
handling facilities that could benefit from
information on chemical process safety for
preventing accidental chemical releases.
TRI data are used as one source of
background material in learning more about
facility activities. For example, these data
can assist a team in preparing for a chemical
safety audit at a particular chemical-handling
facility.
QlOS Are the TRI chemicals regulated
under the provisions of the Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation, and
Liability Act (CERCLA)?
A Approximately 263 of the 316 individually
listed TRI chemicals reportable for 1993 are also
CERCLA hazardous substances. TRI chemicals
that are also CERCLA hazardous substances are
subject to all of the requirements of CERCLA, as
amended, such as reporting, liability, financial
responsibility, clean-up, and penalties.
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Appendix A Questions and Answers
Q109 Are the EPCRA section 313
reporting requirements similar to CERCLA
reporting requirements?
A There are few similarities between the
reporting requirements of EPCRA section 313
and those of CERCLA section 103. Section 313
requires the owner or operator of a facility
where a toxic chemical is manufactured,
processed, or otherwise used to submit a toxic
chemical release form to the EPA when the
quantity of the toxic chemical exceeds the
threshold quantity established by section 313(f)
of EPCRA.
The reporting requirements of section 103 of
CERCLA require any person in charge of a
vessel or facility to report the release of a
hazardous substance into the environment, in a
quantity equal to or greater than its reportable
quantity, to the National Response Center. The
purpose of reporting under CERCLA section
103 is to allow the federal government to assess
each reported release to determine if a response
action is warranted.
In addition, EPCRA section 304 requires
reporting of these releases to state and local
authorities.
QllO How many TRI chemicals are
regulated under the Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act (RCRA)?
A Approximately two-thirds of the 316
individually listed TRI chemicals reportable for
1993 are regulated under RCRA. An additional
21 chemicals and two chemical categories
subject to RCRA were recently added to the TRI
list (see Q23). More detailed information is
contained in the TRI Chemical Regulatory
Matrix in Appendix E of this document.
Forty of the individually listed TRI chemicals
are currently used to identify a waste as a
characteristic hazardous waste. When such
chemicals are found in the waste above
specified levels, the waste is subject to RCRA
regulation.
In addition, 153 of the individually listed TRI
chemicals are also listed as hazardous wastes
when they are unused or discarded in
commercial chemical products.
Qlll Are all land releases reported under
TRI regulated under RCRA?
A Some land releases may be accidental
releases or chemicals in wastes that are not
regulated by RCRA. Most of the land releases
reported to TRI fall under one of the following
categories: on-site disposal of hazardous wastes
which are regulated under RCRA or authorized
state hazardous waste programs; and industrial
solid waste or waste from mining and mineral
processing activities that would be regulated
under state solid waste management programs
insofar as they do exist. Some mineral
processing wastes are regulated as hazardous
wastes.
Under EPCRA section 313, facilities that
manufactured or processed 25,000 pounds or
used 10,000 pounds of a listed chemical must
report. Under RCRA, only those facilities that
generate more than 100 kilograms (220 pounds)
of hazardous waste per month must report.
Q112 Can you make direct comparisons
between TRI data and data in the RCRA
program for amounts of hazardous waste
generated, waste minimization, etc.?
A It is difficult to make comparisons for
several reasons:
TRI reports individual chemical constituent
data; RCRA requires reporting on a total
waste stream that represents a substantially
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TKI
Appendix A Questions and Answers
larger volume than any single chemical
contained in the waste stream. A RCRA
hazardous waste stream may or may not
contain TRI chemicals.
TRI reports toxic chemicals released to air,
land, water; data collected in the RCRA
program report hazardous waste generation
and management in regulated land disposal,
incineration, storage, or treatment units.
RCRA also distinguishes between regulated
and exempt wastes. A particular TRI
chemical may occur in a waste that is
exempt and need not be reported under
RCRA. For example, certain wastewater
treatment activities are exempt from RCRA,
as are small quantity generators who
generate less than 100 kg/month of
hazardous waste.
Currently, only facilities in SIC codes 20-39
are required to report to TRI; RCRA is not
limited by SIC code.
Under RCRA, hazardous waste generators
are required to report on existing or planned
waste minimization activities at facilities on
a biennial basis. The current reporting
forms request information on reduction of
the volume of waste generated. These data
differ from TRI data in that they represent
specific RCRA waste streams rather than
individual chemical constituents. EPA's
Office of Solid Waste is exploring
approaches to refine the utility of the waste
minimization data collected through the
biennial reporting system and to coordinate
the results with TRI data.
The biennial report does request the CAS
number of TRI chemicals that are contained
in RCRA waste streams, to facilitate a link
between the two data sources.
Qll3 How many facilities are regulated by
the RCRA program and what is the overlap
with facilities that report for TRI?
A Under Subtitle C, RCRA regulates about
4,850 Treatment, Storage, Incineration, and
Land Disposal facilities, including: 1,500 land
disposal facilities; 350 incinerators; 3,000
storage/treatment facilities. RCRA also
regulates more than 200,000 large and small
quantity generators and about 18,000
transporters. These sites and facilities are listed
in the Resource Conservation and Recovery
Information System (RCRIS) and may be cross-
checked with TRI facilities by EPA ID number.
Of the 200,000 large and small quantity
generators that are regulated under Subtitle C of
RCRA, approximately 17,000 of the large
quantity generators (LQGs) report to RCRA's
biennial reporting system. Approximately
10,000 of these LQGs fall within SIC codes 20
to 39, and, of these, approximately 7,000 sites
report for TRI.
Q114 How are TRI releases of hazardous
wastes regulated?
A Hazardous wastes must be stored, treated,
or disposed of in hazardous waste management
units regulated under the RCRA or under
authorized state laws. Hazardous waste land
disposal units, including landfills, land
treatment, surface impoundments, and waste
piles, must meet applicable design and operating
controls, such as liners and leak detection
systems and groundwater monitoring systems to
detect releases out of the unit. All facilities that
store, treat, or dispose of hazardous wastes are
subject to corrective action requirements to
clean up hazardous wastes or hazardous
constituents that migrate from any waste
management unit at the facility.
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APPENDIX B
PUBLIC ACCESS TO THE
TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY
EPA continues to add new avenues of public
access to the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI).
Every year, EPA expands its outreach activities
to new potential users of the data. Through its
outreach activities, EPA identifies and engages
the assistance of organizations to help promote
TRI awareness, provide access, and increase
data usage. Libraries, journalists, national
public interest and environmental groups, and
state governments remain key outreach
participants. Since the value of TRI increases as
more people use it, EPA hopes that these
organizations will acquaint new users with TRI,
help people who already know about TRI to
better use and understand the data, and, when
possible, provide information on how to
improve TRI products and services.
Accessing TRI is easy. EPA offers the data in a
variety of common computer and hard copy
formats to ensure that everyone can easily use
the information. TRI is available on diskette,
CD-ROM, and computer bulletin boards. It is
available on an on-line national computer
database. TRI reports are available from the
states and from EPA. For each reporting year,
many states make their data available before
EPA releases data from the national database.
You can contact your state EPCRA Coordinator
or you can call your EPA Regional TRI
Coordinator for assistance. (See listing of
Regional coordinators and state EPCRA
contacts in Appendix G.) Many other routes
for accessing TRI are described below.
TRI has proven to be a rich source of data for a
broad public audience. For instance, educators
are using the data to conduct studies and courses
on the environment; labor unions are using the
TRI data to improve conditions for workers; and
businesses are using the data in many waysas
a basis for reducing large stocks of toxic
chemicals, to cut costs, to improve operations,
to reduce the use of toxic chemicals, and for a
variety of other reasons. Concerned citizens are
a growing user group. These individuals, on
their own and through organized groups, are
using TRI to raise and answer questions about
chemical releases in their communities. States
use the national data to compare releases within
industries.
Looking forward, avenues of public access to
TRI will continue to grow, and TRI will
continue to be an important first step for
discovering which chemicals are being
manufactured, released, or transferred in
communities across the country. The diversity
of the groups across the country who use TRI
will also increase as will the varied uses of the
data. TRI will increasingly become the data
source used to positively influence the views of
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Appendix B Public Access
companies, legislators, and the public regarding
the overall conditions of the nation's
environment.
related to EPCRA and copies of selected
EPCRA documents on a limited basis. Contact:
EPCRA Hotline.
ACCESSING TOXICS RELEASE
INVENTORY (TRI) PRODUCTS
AND SERVICES
(For addresses and detailed ordering
information, see page B-7.)
Assistance Services
TRI User Support Service (TRI-US)
The TRI-US Service provides general
information about the Toxics Release Inventory
and support for access to any of the data
formats. TRI specialists can help determine the
data product best suited for the individual user's
needs. The service provides a comprehensive
search assistance for the TRI on-line and CD-
ROM applications. TRI-US provides both
NLM/TOXNET and CD-ROM training through
individual sessions and workshops.
Documentation for all TRI products is available
from TRI-US. This support service provides
referrals to EPA Regional and state TRI contacts
and to the libraries where TRI is available.
Referrals to other TRI resource centers in local
areas are also available. Hours: 8:00 a.m. -
4:30 p.m. (Eastern Time), Monday - Friday.
Contact: EPA/TRI-US.
EPCRA Hotline
The Emergency Planning and Community
Right-to-Know (EPCRA) Hotline provides
regulatory, policy, and technical assistance to
federal agencies, local and state governments,
the public, the regulated community, and other
interested parties in response to questions
related to EPCRA. The Hotline provides
information on the availability of documents
On-line Access
The National Library of Medicine (NLM)
TOXNET System makes TRI accessible to
concerned citizens and to businesses and
organizations interested in environmental or
public health issues. TOXNET offers state-
of-the-art, user-friendly, on-line searching.
The system features a variety of on-line user
assistance features, a flexible command
language, and "free text" search capability.
Users can print specific portions of the
records either on-line or off-line, and there
are a wide variety of customized text options
built into the system. The menu-driven
search package allows individuals with
limited computer skills to use the TRI on-
line database efficiently and effectively.
The chemical fact sheets can also be
accessed via the TOXNET system. On-line
costs range from $18 - $20 per hour. Access
is available 7 days/week, 24 hours/day. An
NLM password is necessary to use the file.
The system contains the complete national
TRI data for all reporting years.
The TOXNET is also available on the
Internet. The address for the file is
toxnet.nlm.nih.gov. Contact the TRI
Representative at NLM for more
information. Contact/Availability: NLM/
1993 data will be available spring 1995.
The Integrated Risk Information System
(IRIS) contains health risk assessment and
adverse health effects information
summaries agreed on by various EPA
programs. It is available on-line via the
NLM TOXNET system. The system is
useful in the risk assessment process. IRIS
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Appendix B Public Access
TO
is also available on diskette from NTIS.
Contact/Availability: National Technical
Information Service (NTIS), NLM.
The Right-to-Know Computer Network
(RTK NET) has TRI data for 1987-1993,
along with health facts for each TRI
chemical. RTK NET is an on-line computer
telecommunications link to environmental
and other databases. This service promotes
pollution prevention by putting TRI data
together with other prevention strategies. It
provides communication among individuals
concerned about toxics use reduction and
seeks to increase use and analysis of TRI
and related data. RTK NET links TRI with
other environmental data, all civil cases
brought by the U.S. EPA, and a portion of
the 1990 Census, among other databases.
The Internet telnet address for RTK NET is
rtknet.org.
The TRI data can be accessed by modem
from any computer. (Set computer
parameters to 2400, 8,N,1. Dial-in using the
modem number listed under ordering
information and type "public" (lower case)
at the prompt for user i.d.) Participants can
communicate with one another through
computer-generated mail, in addition to
exchanging and reviewing documents
electronically.
In addition to the TRI data, the following
databases on RTK NET may be of interest to
TRI users:
CENSUS - U.S. Census Bureau 1990
extracted demographic data for states,
counties, and "places" with TRI and
FINDS links
CERCLIS - CERCLA "Superfund"
Information System
DOCKET - EPA civil litigation cases
filed by the Department of Justice
ERNS - EPA Emergency Response
Notification System, 1991 data
FINDS - Identifying information and
location of all facilities regulated by
EPA
NPL - EPA Superfund National
Priorities List of Sites
PCS - EPA Water Permit Compliance
System contains files on facilities, pipes,
and pollutant limits
ROADMAPS- Regulatory levels and
health effects of TRI chemicals
Training is available from the computer
service on using telecommunications, using
RTK NET, and searching the database.
Contact/Availability: RTK NET/1993 data
will be available spring 1995.
Public Access
Servers and Bulletin Boards
Internet Access to TRI
EPA has the following TRI information
available to Internet users free of charge from
three different EPA sources: the EPA Gopher
server, the EPA FTP file server, and the EPA
World Wide Web (WWW) server.
1993 TRI Public Data Release document-
ASCII Text format and Lotus spreadsheet
files corresponding to the data tables in the
document. An index to the files is available;
see below for location of this index.
ARC/INFO CIS files for all 50 statesTRI
data from 1987-1992, written in ARC/Info
format for geographical information system
(GIS) applications. These are extremely
large files, ranging in size from 1 to 65
megabytes each. (The accompanying
Metadata record gives a listing of file sizes
and approximate download times.)
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TO
Mb Mm. I
Appendix B Public Access
The information available through the EPA
servers is identical; which server you use will
depend on your preferred method of access.
Internet users are advised to consult with their
system administrators for specific access
procedures. The address of each EPA server is
given below:
EPA GOPHER SERVER
Address gopher.epa.gov
The Gopher server is a menu-driven, user-
friendly Internet utility which allows users
to download files directly to their Internet
accounts. The user starts at a Main Menu
and follows a series of sub-menus to the
desired items.
To get to the TRI files, use the following
menus:
Main -> Option 9 (EPA Offices and
Regions) -> Option 2 (Office of Prevention,
Pesticides, and Toxic Substances) -> Option
3 (Toxic Substances) -> Option 1 (Toxic
Release Inventory)
EPA FTP SERVER
Address ftp.epa.gov
The FTP server also allows the user to log
directly onto EPA's servers by 'anonymous
login' and download files directly.
Operation is slightly more complex than that
of the Gopher as the user is required to know
a specific pathname to the files.
The TRI Public Data Release files can be
found in the directory \pub\gopher\
TRI_Chem (NOTE: The FTP server is case
sensitive, so filenames must be entered
exactly as written.) The index to these files
is in a file called 00 index.txt.
The TRI ARC-INFO CIS files for 1987-
1993 are in the directory \pub\gopher\
TRI_coverages. The GIS format files are
organized by state and stored in compressed
(gzip) form in subdirectories by EPA region
(e.g. regl). Accompanying documentation
for the files are in: metadat.txt, doc2.txt,
doc3.txt, and doc4.txt.
An extract of the TRI ARC-INFO GIS files
for 1993 only is in the directory \pub\
gopher\tri93. These files are organized by
state and are in uncompressed form.
EPA WORLD WIDE WEB SERVER
Address http:\\www.epa.gov\
The World Wide Web server is a graphical
user interface allowing access not only to
text but to images as well. Using a WWW
program (or 'browser') such as Mosaic,
users can access both the Gopher and the
FTP servers in a user-friendly fashion. A
text-based World Wide Web program called
"lynx" is available on some systems, which
allows downloading capabilities without
graphics.
For more information on the EPA's Internet
servers, contact the Internet support group at the
e-mail address: internet_support@unixmail.
rtpnc.epa.gov.
GPO ELECTRONIC BULLETIN
BOARD
The Government Printing Office (GPO)
provides an electronic bulletin board with
TRI state-specific data. Contact/
Availability: GPO/1993 (data will be
available summer 1995).
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Appendix B Public Access
Electronic Media
Compact Disc
Read Only Memory (CD-ROM)
The TRI CD-ROM contains the complete
national TRI, starting with the first inventory in
1987. Chemical Fact Sheets (formerly TRI-
FACTS) containing reference material on the
health and ecological effects of the regulated
substances are also available on the same CD-
ROM. Contact/Availability: NTIS,
Government Printing Office (GPO), Federal
Depository Libraries, EPA Regional Offices/a
CD-ROM containing 1993 data will be available
from these sources summer 1995.
The NESE-DB (National Economics, Social
and Environmental Data Bank) CD-ROM
includes the TRI state data and the national
public data file on CD-ROM. The disc is
produced quarterly by the Department of
Commerce and provides access to socio-
economic as well as environmental statistics and
information. The data are gathered from over
15 federal agencies. Contact/Availability:
Department of Commerce, selected federal
depository libraries/1993 data will be available
summer 1995.
Diskettes
Requestors can select either 5.25 or 3.5 inch
diskettes by state or for the country in DBASE
III PLUS or Lotus 1-2-3 (version 2.0).
Diskettes are accompanied by documentation.
Contact/Availability: NTIS, GPO/1993 data
will be available summer 1995.
Magnetic Tapes
Each annual TRI from 1987 to the most recent
release is available on 9-track tapes and includes
tape documentation. The magnetic tapes
contain the complete national data which are
updated for back years. Tapes can be ordered in
ASCII or EBCDIC format in a 1600 or 6250 bpi
density. The reporting facilities' names and
addresses are also available on tape in the same
formats and densities with tape documentation.
Contact/Availability: NTIS/1993 data will be
available summer 1995.
Printed Media
TRI Information Kit
The TRI Information Kit is designed to acquaint
a broad and disparate audience with the TRI.
The information kit is appropriate for those
familiar or unfamiliar with TRI. It contains a
brochure, bookmark, poster, and other
explanatory materials. It is designed to answer
the "who, what, when, why, where, and how"
questions of TRI in clear, non-jargon language.
The kit provides a broad explanation of TRI, as
well as examples of how various groups have
used TRI, where it can be accessed or obtained,
and organizations that are sources for further
information about TRI and the chemicals
reported. Order No. EPA-749-F-93-002.
Contact: National Center for Environmental
Publications and Information (NCEPI).
Chemical Fact Sheets
In July 1994 OPPT initiated a pilot project,
entitled Chemicals in the Environment, designed
to provide brief (two-page) information
summaries on chemicals of interest to the Office
as part of its effort to provide the public with
information on chemicals. The initial goal was
to provide summaries that would supplement
environmental release information for TRI
chemicals. During the information collection
phase for the first 20 summaries, the Staff began
preparing more detailed (10-page) summaries of
technical information on which statements in the
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in
Appendix B Public Access
shorter summary were based. OPPT identified
the short summary as a "fact sheet" and the
longer summary as a "support document."
Differing in the level of detail and in the use of
technical information, each summary provides a
reader with information about a chemical's:
identity,
production and use,
environmental fate, and
health and environmental effects.
The summaries also contain a directory of names
and phone numbers of groups to contact for
additional information.
The pilot project has been completed. Fact
sheets are now available for 20 high-volume TRI
chemicals. Fact sheets for 20 additional TRI
chemicals are in various stages of review. Plans
are to complete fact sheets for additional TRI
chemicals, as well as for other chemicals of
interest to OPPT. OPPT intends to make these
fact sheets and the support documents available
to the public through the Internet system.
TRI Reports
EPA assembles several detailed annual reports
providing summaries, analyses, and comparison
of TRI data by year. The reports summarize data
on total releases and transfers of TRI chemicals;
geographic distribution of TRI releases and
transfers; industrial patterns of releases and
transfers; the interstate and intrastate transport of
wastes and other kinds of analyses. Contact:
EPCRA Information Hotline.
Microfiche
TRI microfiche contain the complete TRI for
each reporting year through 1990. EPA
discontinued microfiche for distribution to focus
more attention on other media. The microfiche
have a users' guide and indices to help locate
specific facility reports. Microfiche can be
obtained for a specific state or the whole
country. The microfiche are available in over
3,000 libraries across the country. Availability:
Selected public libraries.
Form R Facsimile
Computer-generated facsimiles of TRI reporting
forms will be provided upon request. Contact/
Availability: TRI Information Management
Branch/1993 data will be available spring 1995.
Guidance Documents
"Toxic Chemical Release Inventory Risk
Screening Guide"Method for evaluating TRI
data for environmental managers. Vols. 1 and 2,
July 1989. EPA Document No.: 560/2-89-002.
Contact: NTIS.
"Chemicals, the Press and the Public" - A
journalist's guide to reporting on chemicals in
the community. Contact: National Safety
Council.
For a comprehensive listing and ordering
information for TRI products, services, and
documents contact TRI-US and the EPCRA
Hotline. (See TRI-US and EPCRA Hotline,
under "Ordering Information.")
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Appendix B Public Access
TH
Ordering Information
National Library of Medicine (NLM)
Specialized Information Services
TRI Representative
8600 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, MD 20894
Call: (301)496-6531
Hours: 7 days/week; 24 hours/day
National Technical Information Service
(NTIS)
U.S. Department of Commerce
5285 Port Royal Rd.
Springfield, VA 22161
Call: (703)487-4650
Fax: (703)321-8547
Rush order: (800) 553-NTIS
Hours: 8:30 a.m. - 5:00 p.m. (Eastern Time)
U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO)
Superintendent of Documents
P.O. Box 371954
Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954
Call: (202)512-1800
Fax: (202)512-2250
Hours: 8:30 a.m. - 4:00 p.m. (Eastern Time)
(To order CD-ROM and printed reports)
U.S. Government Printing Office (GPO)
Superintendent of Documents
Attn: Electronic Products Sales Coordinator
P.O. Box 37082
Washington, DC 20013-7082
Call: (202)512-1530
Fax: (202)512-1262
Hours: 8:30 a.m. - 4:00 p.m. (Eastern Time)
(To order diskettes and magnetic tapes and to
access the electronic bulletin board)
Public and Depository Libraries
Contact the EPCRA Information Hotline at (800)
535-0202 or TRI-US at (202) 260-1531.
TRI Information Management Branch
Tonya Richardson
Call: (202)260-3757
Fax: (202)260-4655
Emergency Planning and Community Right-
to-Know Information (EPCRA) Hotline
Call: (800)535-0202
Fax: (703)412-3333
(To request documents only)
Hours: 8:30 a.m. - 7:30 p.m. (Eastern Time)
U.S. Department of Commerce
NESE-DB CD-ROM
STAT-USA, Room 4885
Washington, DC 20277-2787
Call: (202) 482-1986 or (800) STAT-USA
Toxics Release Inventory User Support
Service (TRI-US)
U.S. EPA
401 M Street, SW. (MC-7407)
Washington, DC 20460
Call: (202) 260-1531
Fax: (202)260-4659
Hours: 8:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. (Eastern Time)
National Center for Environmental
Publications and Information (NCEPI)
Cathy Cain
26 West Martin Luther King Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45268
Call: (513)489-8190
Fax: (513)489-8695
Right-to-Know Computer Network (RTK
NET)
1742 Connecticut Avenue, NW.
Washington, DC 20009-1171
Call: (202)797-7200
Fax: (202)234-8584
Modem: (202)234-8570
(Parameters 8,n,l. Login as "public.")
National Safety Council (NSC)
Environmental Health Center
1050 17th Street, NW., Suite 770
Washington, DC 20036
Call: (202) 293-2270
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APPENDIX C
TRI DATA QUALITY PROGRAM
The goals of EPA's data quality program for
TRI are to: (1) identify and assist facilities that
must report so that data submitted will be of the
highest quality; (2) insure high quality data
entry; (3) correct and normalize as much of the
submitted data as possible in order to maximize
the utility of the data; (4) accurately assess the
relative validity of release estimates and other
data, and (5) ensure completeness of the
database with compliance and enforcement
measures.
IDENTIFICATION AND
ASSISTANCE TO FACILITIES
Through mass mailings to all facilities within
the manufacturing sector of the economy, work
with a wide variety of trade associations, local
and national seminars, training courses, and
enforcement activities, EPA has endeavored to
locate all facilities required to report under
section 313 of EPCRA and inform them of their
obligations. In addition, EPA has prepared
various materials to assist facilities in
complying with EPCRA. These include
detailed reporting instructions, a question-and-
answer document, magnetic media reporting
instructions, general technical guidance, and 16
industry-specific guidance documents. In
addition, EPA maintains a toll-free hotline to
answer regulatory and technical questions to
assist facilities.
DATA ENTRY QUALITY ACTIVITIES
EPA continues to place a high emphasis on data
entry accuracy within the Toxics Release
Inventory database. EPA's internal review of
3% of the records showed a data entry accuracy
rate of over 99%. This is up from a 1987
reporting year rate of 97.5%. EPA continued
the computerized edit checks at the point of data
entry, including a high percent of verification
and formalization of data reconciliation
activities. EPA mailed copies of the release and
transfer estimates to all reporting facilities to
allow them to verify the entered data. EPA also
received 53% of the 1993 submissions from
facilities reporting on magnetic media, which
ensures against EPA data entry errors. This
compares to 35% magnetic media submissions
for 1992. EPA is continuing to encourage the
use of magnetic media by all submitters.
CORRECTION AND
NORMALIZATION OF DATA
Because Congress has required that EPA make
the TRI data available to the public through
computer telecommunications, EPA has found it
necessary to undertake a variety of activities to
make the data more usable. This is due to the
fact that computers only retrieve data in exactly
the format requested (e.g., if asked for "Los
Angeles," the computer will not identify
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Appendix C Data Quality Program
I
facilities listed under "LA"), and facilities report
their data in a wide variety of ways. As a result,
EPA has taken steps to use a consistent name
for all counties, used a variety of nomenclature
standards for names within the database, added
latitude and longitude representing the center of
the zip code area in which the facility is found,
and has taken other steps to assist in the
utilization of the data.
EPA generates a facility identification number
at the time of data entry. Linkage between all
years of reports has been made to the best of
EPA's ability. This allows easy retrieval of
cross-year data, even when a facility is sold or
changes its name. The identification number
has been sent to all facilities. Facilities are
required to use this number on all future Form R
reports submitted to the Agency. Use of this
number facilitates data quality and cross-year
analysis.
In 1994, EPA provided all states with a listing
of facilities that reported for 1993 to verify that
both the state and federal government received
the same data. States that responded found
cases where facilities had not reported to one or
the other government. States provided copies of
forms to the EPA where EPA had not received
copies, and vice-versa. This activity has
provided a critical step to assist EPA in
coordinating the data collection with the states.
Every year EPA issues Notices of
Noncompliance (NONs) to facilities who use
invalid forms or provide incomplete forms,
incomplete facility identification, or incorrect/
missing chemical identification. These facilities
are also notified by telephone to make sure their
follow-up revisions correct these errors. A
facility that does not comply with a NON may
be subject to civil penalties.
For reporting year 1993, EPA has again issued
Notices of Technical Error (NOTEs) for missing
required data or for incorrect information, such
as facility identification numbers or invalid
codes. The response rate to the NONs and
NOTEs has been very good and has prevented
errors from recurring in following years. To
help facilities avoid these types of errors, a list
of common errors was provided in the 1989
through 1993 reporting year instructions. Due
to lack of a final regulation for the pollution
prevention data elements and budget cuts for the
TRI program, EPA did not issue NOTEs for the
1991 and 1992 reporting years.
ACCURACY EVALUATION
The accuracy of the release data can vary. Some
releases can be estimated fairly easily, just by
knowing how much of the chemical was used
during the reporting year or by weighing drums
of solid/liquid waste. Where monitoring of
release streams or wastes has been done, release
estimates may be within 20% of actual amount
released, although infrequent, non-
representative sampling may lead to much less
accuracy. Estimates of fugitive air emissions
and complex wastewaters for which monitoring
data are not available may be off by one or even
two orders of magnitude, particularly when the
release is a small percentage of the amount of
the chemical actually processed.
For the 1987 and 1988 reporting years, EPA
conducted audits at facilities to determine how
well facilities complied with the law and
estimated release quantities. These audits did
not "confirm" estimates through monitoring, but
determined how well facilities used available
data and estimation techniques to calculate
releases.
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Appendix C Data Quality Program
TR1
(Mb MUM
Overall, based on the audit of 156 facilities,
1987 total annual releases appeared to have been
underestimated by 2%, representing the net
effect of overestimates and underestimates. For
non-zero release estimates, more than three-
quarters were within a factor of two of EPA's
best estimate. About 15% were in error by an
order of magnitude or more.
The survey of the 1988 data focused on facilities
in Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes
28 (chemical manufacturing), 29 (petroleum
refining), and 34 (metal finishing and
fabrication). Ninety facilities were visited. The
aggregate 1988 release estimates in these
industries were more accurate than their 1987
estimates, since their aggregate 1988 estimates
were found to be approximately equal to the
estimates calculated by the EPA contractor.
For the 1987 and 1988 reporting years, in a
different type of survey, EPA also identified
approximately 1,800 forms with suspect release
data and telephoned facilities to discuss how to
improve and correct their estimates. The
information from this survey was also used to
improve the reporting instructions and technical
guidance.
COMPLIANCE ACTIVITIES
EPA has taken steps to make data quality a
priority in its enforcement program. Some
inspections also focused on data quality in
addition to non-reporting violations. EPA has
developed a guidance manual for EPA Regional
inspectors outlining what to look for when
auditing an EPCRA reporting facility. The
manual contains detailed guidance on how to
determine if a facility has identified all
reportable chemicals, made proper threshold
determinations, and provided reasonable release
estimates.
In fiscal year 1990, $1 million was awarded to
11 states to develop and implement TRI data
quality assurance programs. These projects
focused on one or more broad data quality
assurance objectives: 1) verification of the
accuracy of the estimates and other data
submitted by the facilities; 2) identification of
facilities that should have reported but did not;
and 3) identification of discrepancies between
TRI data reported to EPA and to the state.
Quality assurance activities included facility site
visits and telephone audits, cross-checking TRI
data against other state data, such as permit data,
using computer algorithms to identify suspect
estimates, and comparing TRI data across
reporting years.
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APPENDIX D
SUMMARY OF EPA PROGRAM
OFFICE, REGIONAL OFFICE, AND
STATE USES OF TRI DATA
EPA PROGRAM OFFICE USE
Office of Enforcement and
Compliance Assurance (OECA)
TRI data will continue to be heavily used by the
new Office of Enforcement and Compliance
Assurance (OECA), the consolidated office that
is replacing both the Office of Enforcement and
the Office of Compliance Monitoring. OECA is
composed of several smaller offices, including
the Office of Regulatory Enforcement and the
Office of Compliance.
TRI data will, as in the past, be used as a tool in
facility inspection targeting, both in the Regions
and at Headquarters. TRI reporting data are
used in the EPCRA Targeting System (ETS),
which provides local access to TRI reporting-
status data and additional facility information
contained in EPA's Facility Index System
(FINDS), as well as to Dun & Bradstreet, for
facilities potentially subject to EPCRA Section
313 reporting requirements. TRI data will also
continue to be cross-checked with data collected
under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA)
to identify those facilities or types of businesses
that reported under some but not all of the
reporting rules.
The TRI database is among the 12 Agency
databases that are linked in the Agency's
Integrated Data for Enforcement Analysis
(IDEA) system. IDEA provides enforcement
planners with complete compliance profiles of
industry sectors (as well as individual
corporations) across the different statutes
administered and enforced by EPA. IDEA will
be used by all of the offices comprising the
Office of Enforcement and Compliance
Assurance for enforcement screening, targeting,
and planning, as well as development of
enforcement policy.
Enforcement planners will continue to use TRI
data to distinguish between industrial sectors
based on risk, in terms of types of chemicals
reported, total pounds of toxic chemicals
released, types of releases, and average pounds
released per facility (or industrial sector). Until
new techniques for assessing risk can be
developed, TRI data give the Agency a sound
"surrogate" for the risks posed to the public by
toxic chemical releases.
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Appendix D EPA and State Data Use
TRI data, already an important tool in achieving
pollution prevention, will continue to play a key
role in the Office of Enforcement and
Compliance Assurance. Because it gives
Agency enforcement staff a picture of what
chemicals are being released to air, land, and/or
water, or transferred off-site, TRI is an
excellent starting point for identifying
opportunities for both toxics use reduction and
source reduction among a broad spectrum of
facilities, from small, single-facility business to
multi-facility corporations. It will only grow in
importance as more chemicals are added to the
list of those covered by EPCRA Section 313.
Finally, because EPCRA is a right-to-know
statute that places data on toxic releases into the
hands of the public, it is a good mechanism for
EPA to begin implementing the environmental
justice program. That program calls upon both
the government and industry to be more
sensitive to the issues of both the environmental
and human health conditions in minority and
low-income communities.
Office of Air and Radiation (OAR)
OAR has used the data for a variety of tasks
related to the implementation of the Clean Air
Act Amendments of 1990 (CAAA), including
the following:
TRI data on the number of facilities emitting
a chemical and amount emitted are used in
setting research priorities for the 189
Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) identified
in the CAAA.
TRI data were used to estimate the number
of major sources of HAPs that might be
affected by regulations under section 112(g),
the modifications provision of the CAAA.
TRI estimates of transfers to publicly owned
treatment works (POTWs) were used in
establishing maximum achievable control
technology (MACT) standards required by
Title III of the CAAA.
TRI data are used to target potential sources
for inclusion in the Early Reductions
Program, which is a means of achieving
enforceable reductions of toxic emissions
before a regulation is in place.
TRI data are used in inventories of air toxics
emissions and in air toxics "Locating and
Estimating" documents, which help state
and local air agencies identify potential
source categories of air toxics in their
communities.
TRI data are used to verify the quality and
completeness of point source emission
inventories in state implementation plans.
TRI data are used to aid in identifying
potential or actual violations of the National
Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)
for lead.
TRI data were used to identify which of the
189 HAPs might be emitted as particulates
and thus might be captured by control
equipment used in response to the NAAQS
for particulate matter.
TRI data will be used as a measure of the
progress of the CAAA in reducing air toxics.
TRI facility-level locational information
(latitude/longitude) is being used in
conjunction with other geographic/
demographic data to improve exposure
assessment.
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Appendix D EPA and State Data Use
TM
Office of Pollution Prevention
and Toxics (OPPT)
OPPT is using TRI data in a variety of ways to
support EPA's Source Reduction Review
Project (SRRP). The SRRP is an EPA-wide
effort to promote source reduction in the
regulatory development process. For example,
data on the types of source reduction practices
already adopted by some facilities are helpful
for identifying candidate facilities for site visits,
as well as technologies that could serve as the
basis for prevention-oriented standards under
the Agency's traditional environmental control
programs (e.g., effluent guidelines under the
Clean Water Act).
TRI data form the backbone of EPA's
innovative 33/50 Program, which seeks to
achieve voluntary national reductions of 33% by
1992 and 50% by 1995 in the releases and off-
site transfers of 17 high-priority TRI chemicals,
using 1988 TRI reporting as a baseline. EPA
has used TRI reporting data to identify more
than 8,900 parent companies of the more than
19,300 facilities that have reported one or more
of the target chemicals since 1988 (see
Chapter 4). Assessments of the 33/50
Program's progress in meeting its ambitious
national goals, as well as the progress individual
companies are making in achieving their own
reduction targets, are made directly from
environmental data already being reported
annually in TRI.
The OPPT Existing Chemicals Program
continues to use the TRI data for risk screening,
testing, and pollution prevention activities in the
Risk Management assessment processes. TRI
data serve as a major input to exposure and risk
assessments in OPPT. TRI data have also been
useful in identifying target audiences for risk
notification efforts following Risk Management
assessment.
The TRI is especially important to the Existing
Chemical Program's new initiatives on pollution
prevention. TRI data are used for targeting
chemicals/uses/facilities for pollution
prevention assessment and for evaluating
pollution prevention actions. TRI data are also
used by the Chemical Assessment Desk and
other OPPT outreach efforts to respond to
inquiries from a variety of sources.
Office of Solid Waste and
Emergency Response (OSWER)
TRI data, in combination with other information
on waste minimization, are useful in analyzing
long-term trends and identifying particular
industry practices that warrant attention by the
program.
With respect to enforcement, TRI data
supplement other existing data sources and can
be called on to assist in the development of
OSWER enforcement priorities. TRI data also
are valuable as a means of establishing liability
under both the Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of
1980 (CERCLA) and the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976
(RCRA).
Another site-specific function of the TRI
database relates to its role in providing release
and transfer information that can be used when
developing inventories for the Superfund site
discovery program and when undertaking
Superfund preliminary assessments of sites. In
the reportable quantity (RQ) program, TRI data
could be used to support future rulemaking
under CERCLA (e.g., designation of additional
hazardous substances). In addition, states use
the TRI data in conjunction with other data
obtained under EPCRA for accident prevention
planning.
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Appendix D EPA and State Data Use
Office of Water (OW)
TRI is being used as a source of data regarding
discharge/release of contaminants to
groundwater and surface water. The TRI data
are used with other pertinent exposure and
toxicity-related factors (e.g., quantity produced,
occurrence in water, human health effects) in
identifying and prioritizing drinking water
contaminants. The prioritized list will be used
to identify candidates for regulatory
consideration.
TRI data were used as a screening mechanism
for possible sources of wellhead contamination.
Using TRI and other relevant data in a
Geographic Information System (GIS), potential
contamination sources have been identified.
These sources may affect community
groundwater systems in the development and
implementation of wellhead protection
programs. EPA Regional offices continue to
coordinate groundwater programs, using GIS as
a cross-program tool.
The OW document, "Guidance for Water
Quality-based Decisions: The TMDL Process,"
identifies the TRI as an important information
source. In particular, TRI data can be used
when developing section 303(d) lists. Section
303(d) lists, which must be submitted biennially
by states, are composed of impaired waters
which need additional controls in order to meet
or maintain water quality standards.
OW's Gulf of Mexico Program uses the TRI
data and other information to identify and
quantify inputs of toxic chemicals to the Gulf.
This information is then used to calculate a
toxicity index for various Gulf estuaries.
The Office of Water Enforcement and
Compliance (OWEC) has used TRI data to
identify industrial users with the greatest
combination of toxic pollutants to city sewer
systems. Certain facilities are referred to EPA
Regional offices for further evaluation.
OWEC also used TRI data to identify industrial
users (lUs) that are subject to pretreatment
standards, but that are located in cities that are
not required to have pretreatment programs.
Comparing location of users to cities without
approved pretreatment programs may be a way
of identifying IDs for which EPA is responsible.
OW is also matching permitted facilities with
facilities that reported TRI discharges to surface
water. This will help identify unpermitted
dischargers.
The TRI data were also used in compiling a
report to Congress on the National Pretreatment
Program and in identifying the types and
sources of pollutants discharged to publicly
owned treatment works (POTWs).
OW is evaluating the types and volumes of TRI
discharges reported by "minor" and "major"
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System (NPDES) facilities to assess the relative
risk presented by minor as compared to major
facilities.
In developing effluent guidelines, OW needs to
understand which pollutants are released from
pesticide manufacturing facilities and the
patterns of those releases. Some TRI data are
useful for screening purposes; however, the OW
effluent guidelines program also screens for a
number of pollutants not reported under TRI.
TRI data, in conjunction with the Permit
Compliance System (PCS) database, were used
in the development of a national database of
point source discharges that may result in
sediment contamination. The data generated
from this inventory will be combined with data
on conditions at specific locations. This will
-------
Appendix D EPA and State Data Use
TRI
[Mb Rtfui.
provide a valuable tool for identifying the
potential magnitude of contamination problems
in the nation's freshwater and estuarine bottom
deposits, selecting facilities and industries that
may require additional regulation, determining
where permitting efforts should be focused, and
identifying locations for further sediment
testing.
REGION AND STATE
USE OF TRI DATA
EPA's 10 Regional Offices continue to use and
promote the use of TRI data both internally and
externally. Some on-going applications of TRI
data include:
Targeting facilities for compliance and
enforcement inspections. In 1994, 548
inspections were conducted. To date,
proposed fines totaling more than $54
million have been assessed by EPA
Regional Offices against facilities who
either did not report, reported late, or sent in
poor quality data. Ohio, the state with the
most aggressive EPCRA section 313
enforcement program, conducted over 100
inspections in 1993.
Developing approaches for integrating the
TRI with other databases to identify
industries or geographic areas of concern.
The TRI has been used by Regions III, IV,
and IX to identify sites for environmental
justice projects. Eighteen states are
conducting GIS studies using TRI, and 10
states have used or are using the TRI for
environmental justice studies.
Identifying and reporting on pollution
prevention practices by reporting facilities.
These analyses have led to the development
of technical assistance and peer information
exchange programs in a number of Regions.
A majority of the states have toxics use
reduction or pollution prevention legislation
that uses TRI data to track progress.
Generating interest in and awareness of
EPA's Right-to-Know program in order to
foster a better informed public. TRI
demonstrations and presentations have been
given at a variety of educational institutions
which have led to the development of course
offerings that include the TRI as a tool.
Below are some more detailed descriptions of
how some of the EPA Regional Offices and
states are using the TRI data.
REGIONS' USE OF TRI
Targeting Project
U.S. EPA Region IX is leading an effort to
develop a partnership between industry and
regulatory agencies to reduce the level of
releases and transfers in southwest Los Angeles
County by fostering and implementing pollution
prevention projects. This area was selected due
to the high concentration of industrial facilities.
Data from the TRI have shown that the area's
toxic releases are the highest in the state and
Region IX. The central theme of the partnership
will be industry-driven, agency-supported,
voluntary pollution prevention projects. All
projects submitted by industry to the partnership
will be evaluated with respect to the pollution
prevention hierarchy of media reductions and
must go "beyond compliance" (below allowable
limits, ahead of schedule, and a voluntary
action). Projects must make good business
sense with a suitable return on investment,
particularly in an area such as Los Angeles
County which has experienced a severe business
downturn. The partnership is named "Mutual
Efforts to Reduce Industrial Toxics" (MERIT).
r>5
-------
TO
Appendix D EPA and State Data Use
Region IX has drafted a set of guidelines for the
partnership that will help companies to
voluntarily assess their releases to all media and
work with other companies and agencies to
develop pollution prevention projects. Also, a
community advisory board is being established
to provide input into the program.
Companies that participate will be eligible for
expedited processing of their permit
applications and will be able to receive
compliance assistance from other partnership
companies. Participating companies will also
have an opportunity to provide meaningful input
to regulators on how to encourage additional
pollution prevention projects.
Examples of MERIT partnership projects
include:
The Oil Refinery Roundtable and the Metal
Finishers Waste Minimization Audit Workshop
are designed to identify pollution prevention
options that are available, transferable, and free
of legal, regulatory, and proprietary barriers.
A project associated with electric car
development involves the principles of "Design
for the Environment" engineering to design
batteries for disassembly and recycling/reuse,
while avoiding hazardous waste disposal
problems.
TRIPQUIC
The Air and Toxics Division in U.S. EPA
Region VI has used the TRI data to analyze
releases and transfers in areas of interest to the
states, in particular the Louisiana industrial
corridor, the Houston metropolitan area, the
U.S./Mexico border, and the Gulf of Mexico.
TRIPQUIC, a TRI data manipulation and
mapping tool, is being used to produce
numerical tables, bar graphs, pie charts, and
maps that help federal and state officials better
understand and analyze the data. Some of these
TRIPQUIC analyses assisted the Region VI
staff in negotiations with industrial groups to
arrange for 33/50 Program and pollution
prevention workshops. TRI data were used to
aid the EPA staff in the development of
environmental justice calculation software.
STATES' USE OF TRI
Healthy People 2000
The Arizona Department of Health Services
(ADHS), in support of the objectives of the
Public Health Services (PHS) of the U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services
(DHHS) "Healthy People 2000," has established
goals to reduce human exposure to toxic agents
by reducing the total pounds of those agents
released into the air, water, and soil each year.
The baseline for Arizona will come from two
sources : the 1988 TRI and the Arizona
Department of Environmental Quality 1991
Toxic Data Reports (state filers not otherwise
subject to TRI).
ADHS will monitor the number of pounds
reported which are DHHS-listed carcinogens
and toxic agents listed by the Agency of Toxic
Substances and Disease Registry.
TRI Used to identify Customers
South Carolina has created TRI software that
allows users to customize searches and reports
on one year's entire database. The program
gives public, private, and governmental interests
the chance to work with the data much more
efficiently. Michael Juras, South Carolina's
EPCRA 313 Coordinator, has advertised the
availability of this software program in state
trade publications, noting, "My thought was to
at least make it easier to market pollution
D-6
-------
Appendix D EPA and State Data Use
i
TO
Ottawa*
prevention technology for those firms who need
detailed information on waste streams.
Enabling the free enterprise resolution of toxic
pollution is an important goal." South
Carolina's new Air Toxics Program and new
Storm Water Program are using the TRI
package to identify their own customers.
Waste Reduction Assistance Program
The Florida Department of Environmental
Regulation sponsors a voluntary, cooperative,
non-regulatory waste reduction program known
as the Waste Reduction Assistance Program
(WRAP). Retired engineers are sent out at the
request of the facility to provide
expertise in reducing the use of hazardous
substances, the generation of hazardous waste,
and releases of air toxics. The program covers
facilities handling TRI chemicals. The initial
focus of the visit is on housekeeping issues, but
inventory management, preventive maintenance,
and potential process modifications are also
examined. Upon completion of the visit, the
engineer provides the facility with a list of
suggestions to reduce waste generation and save
related expenses. Typical suggestions include
materials substitution, such as replacing 1,1,1-
trichloroethane with less hazardous materials or
non-toxic cleaners, or recycling used water in
electroplating operations.
Over the past four years, more than 184
facilities have participated in the program,
including a number of Department of Defense
facilities. More than $3.7 million in economic
savings have been achieved by Florida
businesses and government facilities as a result
of these source reduction efforts.
Multi-Media Waste Reduction Targeting
North Carolina's Department of Environment,
Health, and Natural Resources has developed a
database that contains release and transfer data
and waste reduction data from a variety of
sources to facilitate waste reduction assessment
by the North Carolina Pollution Prevention
Program. The objective of this project is to
integrate multi-media environmental release
data into other statewide waste reduction efforts,
including technical assistance, training, grants,
research, and demonstration efforts of hazardous
waste reduction.
Currently, this database is used by North
Carolina's Office of Waste Reduction to
determine various multi-media waste releases
by industries in preparation for site visits and
technical assistance. Ongoing projects utilizing
these data include: using the data to assist
industries in waste reduction plans; and
evaluating the toxicological factors versus the
risk factors of various chemicals in the database
and directing technical assistance efforts
towards the reduction of those chemicals. The
database will also be used as a basis for
targeting problem sectors (e.g., SIC codes,
geographic regions, company sizes), and
allocating funding, resources, and technical
assistance.
D-7
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APPENDIX E
REGULATORY MATRIX:
TRI CHEMICALS
IN OTHER FEDERAL PROGRAMS
Many of the chemicals covered under TRI are
also subject to other environmental laws. The
following matrix indicates whether the currently
listed TRI chemicals are subject to any of the
following selected environmental laws:
1. EPCRA302: EPCRA section 302 (codified
at 40 CFR Part 355), facilities with listed
extremely hazardous substances (EHSs) in
quantities greater than their Threshold
Planning Quantities (TPQs) must report to
the State Emergency Response Commission.
TPQs are based on a combination of acute
toxicity and ability of the substance to
become airborne. The list of EHSs and their
TPQs can be found at 40 CFR Part 355
Appendix A. For more information, contact
the EPCRA Information Hotline: 1-800-535-
0202.
2. CAA 112: The Clean Air Act (CAA)
section 112(b), National Emission Standards
for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPS;
codified at 40 CFR Part 61), lists the
Hazardous Air Pollutants and includes
emissions standards and monitoring
requirements for plants with listed
chemicals.
3. CERCLA: Under the Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation,
and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA; 42
USC 9601 et seq.), releases of listed
substances at or above their Reportable
Quantities (RQs) must be reported to the
National Response Center. RQs are set on
the basis of aquatic toxicity, acute
mammalian toxicity, ignitability, reactivity,
chronic toxicity, and carcinogenicity, with
possible adjustment on the basis of
biodegradation, hydrolysis, and photolysis.
The list of CERCLA hazardous substances
and their RQs can be found at 40 CFR
302.4. For more information, contact the
RCRA/Superfund Hotline: 1-800-424-9346.
4. FIFRA: The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide,
and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) creates a
statutory framework under which EPA,
through a registration process, regulates the
development, sale, distribution, and use of
pesticides.
5. NPDWR: The National Primary Drinking
Water Regulations under the Safe Drinking
Water Act, Subparts B and G (codified at 40
CFR Part 141) list Maximum Contaminant
E-1
-------
6.
Appendix ERegulatory Matrix
Levels (MCLs) for certain chemicals. The
MCL is the maximum permissible level of a
contaminant in public drinking water
systems. MCLs are based on health factors,
but are also required by law to reflect the
technological and economic feasibility of
removing the contaminant from the water
supply. Further information is available
from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline: 1-
800-424-4791.
PPL: The Clean Water Act (CWA)
regulates the discharge of pollutants into
waterways by industrial sources, municipal
sources, and other sources. These sources of
water pollution are subject to effluent
limitations based on guidelines and water
quality standards. Approximately 125
pollutants make up a "Priority Pollutants
List." EPA has developed water quality
criteria for all the priority pollutants.
7. RCRA(P/U): Under the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA),
hazardous waste is required to be managed
"cradle to grave" (i.e., from the point of
generation to the point of ultimate disposal).
For a waste to be classified as hazardous, it
can be an F, K, P, or U listed hazardous
waste (40 CFR 261.30 - 261.33) or exhibit
one of the following characteristics:
ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or
toxicity. The chemicals on the P and U list
are commercial chemical products, off-
specification species, container residues, and
spill residues. The chemicals on the P list
have been identified as acute hazardous
waste; those on the U list have been
identified as toxic waste. For more
information, contact the RCRA/Superfund
Hotline: 1-800-424-9346.
E-2
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Appendix ERegulatory Matrix
i
ra
CAS
NumberO
75-07-0
60-35-5
67-64-1
75-05-8
53-96-3
107-02-8
79-06-1
79-10-7
107-13-1
309-00-2
107-18-6
107-05-1
7429-90-5
1344-28-1
117-79-3
60-09-3
92-67-1
82-28-0
7664-41-7
6484-52-2
7783-20-2
62-53-3
90-04-0
104-94-9
134-29-2
120-12-7
7440-36-0
7440-38-2
1332-21-4
7440-39-3
98-87-3
55-21-0
71-43-2
92-87-5
98-07-7
98-88-4
94-36-0
100-44-7
7440-41-7
92-52-4
111-44-4
542-88-1
108-60-1
103-23-1
353-59-3
75-25-2
74-83-9
75-63-8
Chemical
Acetaldehyde
Acetamide
Acetone
Acetonitrile
2-Acetylaminofluorene
Acrolein
Acrylamide
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Aldrin
Allyl alcohol
Allyl chloride
Aluminum (fume or dust)
Aluminum oxide (fibrous forms)
2-Aminoanthraquinone
4-Aminoazobenzene
4-Aminobiphenyl
1 -Amino-2-methylanthraquinone
Ammonia
Ammonium nitrate (solution)
Ammonium sulfate (solution)
Aniline
o-Anisidine
p-Anisidine
o-Anisidine hydrochloride
Anthracene
Antimony
Antimony compounds
Arsenic
Arsenic compounds
Asbestos (friable)
Barium
Barium compounds
Benzal chloride
Benzamide
Benzene
Benzidine
Benzoic trichloride
Benzoyl chloride
Benzoyl peroxide
Benzyl chloride
Beryllium
Beryllium compounds
Biphenyl
Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether
Bis(chloromethyl) ether
Bis(2-chloro- 1 -methylethyl)
ether
Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate
Bromochlorodifluoromethane
(Halonl211)
Bromoform
Bromomethane
Bromotrifluoromethane
(Halon 1301)
EPCRA CAA
302 112(b)
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X X
CERCLA FIFRA NPDWR
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X X'
X X
X
RCRA RCRA
PPL P U
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X
X
X X
X
X X
X X
X X
E-3
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TO
Mb IMซu
Appendix E Regulatory Matrix
CAS
NumberQ
106-99-0
141-32-2
71-36-3
78-92-2
75-65-0
85-68-7
106-88-7
123-72-8
4680-78-8
569-64-2
989-38-8
1937-37-7
2602-46-2
16071-86-6
2832-40-8
3761-53-3
81-88-9
3118-97-6
97-56-3
842-07-9
492-80-8
128-66-5
7440-43-9
156-62-7
133-06-2
63-25-2
75-15-0
56-23-5
463-58-1
120-80-9
133-90-4
57-74-9
7782-50-5
10049-04-4
79-11-8
532-27-4
108-90-7
510-15-6
75-00-3
67-66-3
74-87-3
107-30-2
126-99-8
1897-45-6
7440-47-3
7440-48-4
7440-50-8
8001-58-9
120-71-8
Chemical
1 ,3-Butadiene
Butyl acrylate
n-Butyl alcohol
sec-Butyl alcohol
tert-Butyl alcohol
Butyl benzyl phthalate
1 ,2-Butylene oxide
Butyraldehyde
C.I. Acid Green 3
C.I. Basic Green 4
C.I. Basic Red 1
C.I. Direct Black 38
C.I. Direct Blue 6
C.I. Direct Brown 95
C.I. Disperse Yellow 3
C.I. Food Red 5
C.I. Food Red 15
C.I. Solvent Orange 7
C.I. Solvent Yellow 3
C.I. Solvent Yellow 14
C.I. Solvent Yellow 34
C.I. Vat Yellow 4
Cadmium
Cadmium compounds
Calcium cyanamide
Captan
Carbaryl
Carbon disulfide
Carbon tetrachloride
Carbonyl sulfide
Catechol
Chloramben
Chlordane
Chlorine
Chlorine dioxide
Chloroacetic acid
2-Chloroacetophenone
Chlorobenzene
Chlorobenzilate
Chloroethane
Chloroform
Chloromethane
Chloromethyl methyl ether
Chlorophenols
Chloroprene
Chlorothalonil
Chromium
Chromium compounds
Cobalt
Cobalt compounds
Copper
Copper compounds
Creosote
p-Cresidine
EPCRA CAA
302 112(b)
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
CERCLA FIFRA NPDWR
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X X
X X
X
X X
X
X
X
XXX
X X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X X"
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X
XXX
XXX
X X
RCRA RCRA
PPL P U
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X
X
X
E-4
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Appendix E Regulatory Matrix
TO
CAS
NumberO
1319-77-3
108-39-4
95-48-7
106-44-5
98-82-8
80-15-9
135-20-6
110-82-7
94-75-7
1163-19-5
2303-16-4
615-05-4
39156-41-7
101-80-4
25376-45-8
95-80-7
334-88-3
132-64-9
96-12-8
106-93-4
124-73-2
84-74-2
25321-22-6
95-50-1
541-73-1
106-46-7
91-94-1
75-27-4
75-71-8
107-06-2
540-59-0
75-09-2
120-83-2
78-87-5
78-88-6
542-75-6
76-14-2
62-73-7
115-32-2
1464-53-5
111-42-2
117-81-7
84-66-2
64-67-5
119-90-4
60-11-7
119-93-7
79-44-7
57-14-7
105-67-9
Chemical
Cresol (mixed isomers)
m-Cresol
o-Cresol
p-Cresol
Cumene
Cumene hydroperoxide
Cupferron
Cyanide compounds
Cyclohexane
2,4-D (acetic acid)
Decabromodiphenyl oxide
Diallate
2,4-Diaminoanisole
2,4-Diaminoanisole sulfate
4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether
Diaminotoluene (mixed isomers)
2,4-Diaminotoluene
Diazomethane
Dibenzofuran
1 ,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane
1 ,2-Dibromoethane
Dibromotetrafluoroethane
(Halon 2402)
Dibutyl phthalate
Dichlorobenzene (mixed isomers)
1 ,2-Dichlorobenzene
1 ,3-Dichlorobenzene
1 ,4-Dichlorobenzene
3 ,3'-Dichlorobenzidine
Dichlorobromomethane
Dichlorodifluoromethane
(CFC-12)
1 ,2-Dichloroethane
1 ,2-Dichloroethylene
Dichloromethane
2,4-Dichlorophenol
1 ,2-Dichloropropane
2,3-Dichloropropene
1 ,3-Dichloropropylene
Dichlorotetrafluoroethane
(CFC-114)
Dichlorvos
Dicofol
Diepoxybutane
Diethanolamine
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
Diethyl phthalate
Diethyl sulfate
3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine
4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene
3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine
Dimethylcarbamyl chloride
1,1 -Dimethyl hydrazine
2,4-Dimethylphenol
EPCRA CAA
302 112(b)
X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
CERCLA FIFRA NPDWR
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
XXX
X
X
X
X
X
X X
XXX
X
X
X
XXX
X
XXX
X
X X
X X
XXX
XXX
X
X X
X
X X
X
X X
X X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
RCRA RCRA
PPL P U
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X
X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
E-5
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TO
Mil Mm,
Appendix E Regulatory Matrix
CAS
NumberQ
131-11-3
99-65-0
528-29-0
100-25-4
534-52-1
51-28-5
121-14-2
606-20-2
25321-14-6
123-91-1
122-66-7
106-89-8
110-80-5
140-88-5
100-41-4
541-41-3
74-85-1
107-21-1
151-56-4
75-21-8
96-45-7
2164-17-2
50-00-0
76-13-1
76-44-8
118-74-1
87-68-3
77-47-4
67-72-1
1335-87-1
680-31-9
302-01-2
10034-93-2
7647-01-0
74-90-8
7664-39-3
123-31-9
78-84-2
67-63-0
80-05-7
120-58-1
7439-92-1
58-89-9
108-31-6
12427-38-2
7439-96-5
7439-97-6
67-56-1
72-43-5
109-86-4
Chemical
Dimethyl phthalate
m-Dinitrobenzene
o-Dinitrobenzene
p-Dinitrobenzene
4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol
2,4-Dinitrophenol
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
2,6-Dinitrotoluene
Dinitrotoluene (mixed isomers)
1 ,4-Dioxane
1 ,2-Diphenylhydrazine
Epichlorohydrin
2-Ethoxyethanol
Ethyl aery late
Ethylbenzene
Ethyl chloroformate
Ethylene
Ethylene glycol
Ethyleneimine
Ethylene oxide
Ethylene thiourea
Fluometuron
Formaldehyde
Freon 113
Glycol ethers
Heptachlor
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachloro- 1 ,3-butadiene
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
Hexachloroethane
Hexachloronaphthalene
Hexamethylphosphoramide
Hydrazine
Hydrazine sulfate
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen fluoride
Hydroquinone
Isobutyraldehyde
Isopropyl alcohol (manufacturing)
4,4'-Isopropylidenediphenol
Isosafrole
Lead
Lead compounds
Lindane
Maleic anhydride
Maneb
Manganese
Manganese compounds
Mercury
Mercury compounds
Methanol
Methoxychlor
2-Methoxyethanol
EPCRA CAA
302 112(b)
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X X
X*
X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X X
X X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
x+
CERCLA FIFRA NPDWR
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X
XXX
X X
X
X X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
XXX
X
X
X
X X
X X
X X
XXX
X
RCRA RCRA
PPL P U
X X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
E-6
-------
Appendix ERegulatory Matrix
CAS
NumberQ
96-33-3
1634-04-4
101-14-4
101-61-1
101-68-8
74-95-3
101-77-9
78-93-3
60-34-4
74-88-4
108-10-1
624-83-9
80-62-6
90-94-8
1313-27-5
76-15-3
505-60-2
91-20-3
134-32-7
91-59-8
7440-02-0
7697-37-2
139-13-9
99-59-2
98-95-3
92-93-3
1836-75-5
51-75-2
55-63-0
88-75-5
100-02-7
79-46-9
156-10-5
121-69-7
924-16-3
55-18-5
62-75-9
86-30-6
621-64-7
4549-40-0
59-89-2
759-73-9
684-93-5
16543-55-8
100-75-4
2234-13-1
20816-12-0
56-38-2
87-86-5
79-21-0
108-95-2
Chemical
Methyl acrylate
Methyl tert-butyl ether
4,4'-Methylenebis
(2-chloroaniline)
4,4'-Methylenebis(N,N-dimethyl)
Methylenebis(phenylisocyanate)
Methylene bromide
4,4'-Methylenedianiline
Methyl ethyl ketone
Methyl hydrazine
Methyl iodide
EPCRA CAA
302 112(b)
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
Methyl isobutyl ketone i X
Methyl isocyanate
Methyl methacrylate
Michler's ketone
Molybdenum trioxide
Monochloropentafluoroethane
(CFC-115)
Mustard gas
Naphthalene
alpha-Naphthylamine
beta-Naphthylamine
Nickel
Nickel compounds
Nitric acid
Nitrilotriacetic acid
5-Nitro-o-anisidine
Nitrobenzene
4-Nitrobiphenyl
Nitrofen
Nitrogen mustard
Nitroglycerin
2-Nitrophenol
4-Nitrophenol
2-Nitropropane
p-Nitrosodiphenylamine
N,N-Dimethylaniline
N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine
N-Nitrosodiethylamine
N-Nitrosodimethylamine
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine
N-Nitrosomethylvinylamine
N-Nitrosomorpholine
N-Nitroso-N-ethylurea
N-Nitroso-N-methylurea
N-Nitrosonornicotine
N-Nitrosopiperidine
Octochloronaphthalene
Osmium tetroxide
Parathion
Pentachlorophenol
Peracetic acid
Phenol
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X
X
X X
CERCLA FIFRA NPDWR
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
XXX
X
X X
RCRA RCRA
PPL P U
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
E-7
-------
TO
I)* Mm,
Appendix E Regulatory Matrix
CAS
NumberQ
106-50-3
90-43-7
75-44-5
7664-38-2
7723-14-0
85-44-9
88-89-1
1336-36-3
1120-71-4
57-57-8
123-38-6
114-26-1
115-07-1
75-55-8
75-56-9
110-86-1
91-22-5
106-51-4
82-68-8
81-07-2
94-59-7
7782-49-2
7440-22-4
100-42-5
96-09-3
7664-93-9
79-34-5
127-18-4
961-11-5
7440-28-0
62-55-5
139-65-1
62-56-6
1314-20-1
7550-45-0
108-88-3
584-84-9
7440-28-0
62-55-5
139-65-1
62-56-6
1314-20-1
7550-45-0
108-88-3
584-84-9
91-08-7
26471-62-5
95-53-4
636-21-5
Chemical
p-Phenylenediamine
2-Phenylphenol
Phosgene
Phosphoric acid
Phosphorus (yellow or white)
Phthalic anhydride
Picric acid
Polybrominated biphenyls
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
Propane sultone
beta-Propiolactone
Propionaldehyde
Propoxur
Propylene
Propyleneimine
Propylene oxide
Pyridine
Quinoline
Quinone
Quintozene
Saccharin (manufacturing)
Safrole
Selenium
Selenium compounds
Silver
Silver compounds
Styrene
Styrene oxide
Sulfuric acid
1 , 1 ,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Tetrachlorvinphos
Thallium
Thioacetamide
4,4'-Thiodianiline
Thiourea
Thorium dioxide
Titanium tetrachloride
Toluene
Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate
Thallium
Thallium compounds
Thioacetamide
4,4'-Thiodianiline
Thiourea
Thorium dioxide
Titanium tetrachloride
Toluene
Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate
Toluene-2,6-diisocyanate
Toluenediisocyanate
(mixed isomers)
o-Toluidine
o-Toluidine hydrochloride
EPCRA CAA
302 112(b)
X
X X
X X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X X
X X
X
X X
X
X
CERCLA FIFRA NPDWR
X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X X
X
X
X
X X
X
X X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X
X X
X
X X
X
X X
X
X
X
X X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
RCRA RCRA
PPL P U
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
E-8
-------
Appendix E Regulatory Matrix
TDI
IMb Mm.
CAS
NumberQ
8001-35-2
68-76-8
52-68-6
120-82-1
71-55-6
79-00-5
79-01-6
75-69-4
95-95-4
88-06-2
1582-09-8
95-63-6
126-72-7
51-79-6
7440-62-2
108-05-4
593-60-2
75-01-4
75-35-4
1330-20-7
108-38-3
95-47-6
106-42-3
87-62-7
7440-66-6
12122-67-7
Chemical
Toxaphene
Triaziquone
Trichlorfon
1 ,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
1 , 1 ,2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11)
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Trifluralin
1 ,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)
phosphate
Urethane
Vanadium (fume or dust)
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl bromide
Vinyl chloride
Vinylidene chloride
Xylene (mixed isomers)
m-Xylene
o-Xylene
p-Xylene
2,6-Xylidine
Zinc (fume or dust)
Zinc compounds
Zineb
EPCRA CAA
302 112(b)
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
CERCLA FIFRA NPDWR
XXX
X X
X X
XXX
X X
X X
X
X
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X X
X X
XXX
X
X
X
X X
X X
RCRA RCRA
PPL P U
X X
X
X X
X X
X X
X
X
X X
X
X
X X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
Compound categories do not have CAS numbers ().
E-9
-------
APPENDIX F
TRI FORM R FOR 1993
The 1993 Form R (a copy of which follows) is divided into two parts:
Part I (Facility Identification Information) Part II (Chemical-Specific Information)
contains information on such matters as contains information such as chemical
name, address, parent company information, identity, facility activities and uses of the
and contact names and phone numbers for the chemical, on-site release and transfer
facility. amounts, on-site waste treatment methods
and efficiencies, and data on source
reduction and recycling activities.
Readers who are interested in a more in-depth understanding of who is required to report to TRI and
how to fill out the Form R are referred to the EPCRA Information Hotline at 1-800-535-0202.
F-1
-------
(IMPORTANT: Type or print; read instructions before completing form)
Form Approved OMB Number: 2070-0093
Approval Expires: 11/92 Page 1 of 9
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
FORM R
TOXIC CHEMICAL RELEASE
INVENTORY REPORTING FORM
Section 313 of the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986,
also known as Title III of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act
TRI FACILITY ID NUMBER
Toxic Chemical, Category, or Generic Name
WHERE TO SEND
COMPLETED FORMS:
1. EPCRA Reporting Center
P.O. Box 3348
Merrifield, VA 22116-3348
ATTN: TOXIC CHEMICAL RELEASE INVENTORY
2. APPROPRIATE STATE OFFICE
(See instructions in Appendix F)
IMPORTANT: See instructions to determine when "Not
Applicable (NA)" boxes should be checked.
Enter "X" here if
this Is a revision
For EPA use only
PART I. FACILITY IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION
SECTION 1.
REPORTING
YEAR
19
SECTION 2. TRADE SECRET INFORMATION
2.1
2.2
Are you claiming the toxic chemical identified on page 3 trade secret?
Yes (Answer question 2.2;
Attach substantiation forms)
No (Do not answer 2.2;
Go to Section 3)
If yes in 2.1, is this copy:
Sanitized
Unsanitized
SECTION 3. CERTIFICATION (Important: Read and sign after completing all form sections.)
I hereby certify that I have reviewed the attached documents and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, the
submitted information is true and complete and that the amounts and values in this report are accurate based on
reasonable estimates using data available to the preparers of this report.
Name and official title of owner/operator or senior management official
Signature
Date Signed
SECTION 4. FACILITY IDENTIFICATION
Facility or Establishment Name
:T:R[j:Fi;i)i^;:[D:NtiiTiber:|
Sfreet Addresss;
4.1
County
Zip Code
PUT LABEL HERE
EPA Form 9350-1 (Rev. 12/4/93) - Previous editions are obsolete.
-------
Page 2 of 9
KvFPA EPA FORM R
United States PARTI FAPII ITY IDFNTIPIPATI
Environmental Protection rซri i i. i nwii-i i i ik/i_i^i i ii-iv*jni i
Agency INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
SECTION 4. FACILITY IDENTIFICATION (Continued)
4.2
4,3
4.4 /
i.s
4.6
4,7
4,8
4.9
4.10
This report contains information for: i i .
(Important: check only one) a' entire Taci
Name I
Technical Contact '
Name I
Public Contact '
SiC Code
3. b. c. d.
Uiitude
Lainuae Degrees Minutes Seconds Degre
Longitude
Dun & Bradstreet Numbers) (9 digits) a'
b.
EPA Identification Number(s) (RCRA I.D, No.) a
(12 characters)
FaciKty NPDES Permit Nซmber
-------
Page 3 of 9
3-EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA FORM R
PART II. CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC
INFORMATION
TRI FACILITY ID NUMBER
Toxic Chemical, Category, or Generic Name
SECTION 1 . TOXIC CHEMICAL IDENTITY (Important: DO NOT complete this
section if you complete Section 2 below.)
1.1
1,2
13
CAS Number (Important Enter only one number exactly as it appears on the Section 31 3 list. Enter category code if reporting a chemical category.)
Toxic Chemical or Chemical Category Jtome (Important; Enter only one name exactly as it appears on fee Section 313 list)
Generic Chemical Name (Important; Complete Otfy if Part I, Section 2,1 ischecl'
ted 'yes,* Generic Name roust be structurally descriptive.)
SECTION 2 MIXTURE COMPONENT IDENTITY (|mPortant: DO NOT complete this
btU IIUIM 2. MIA I UKt UUMHUNEIMI lUtlMTI IY section jf you complete Section 1 a
above.)
Generic Chemical Name Provided by Supplier (important: Maximum of 70 characters, including numbersjetters, spaces, and punctuation.)
SECTION 3. ACTIVITIES AND USES OF THE TOXIC CHEMICAL AT THE FACILITY
(Important: Check all that apply.)
Manufacture
the toxic
chemical:
a. I I Produce
If produce or import:
c.
For on-site use/processing
b.
Import
d. | | For sale/distribution
As a byproduct
As an impurity
Process
the toxic
chemical:
As a reactant c.
As a formulation component d.
As an article component
Repackaging
3,3
Otherwise use
the toxic
chemical:
a.
b.
As a chemical processing aid c.
As a manufacturing aid
Ancillary or other use
SECTION 4. MAXIMUM AMOUNT OF THE TOXIC CHEMICAL ON-SITE AT ANY TIME
DURING THE CALENDAR YEAR
(Enter two-digit code from instruction package.)
EPA Form 9350-1 (Rev. 12/4/93) - Previous editions are obsolete.
-------
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA FORM R
PART II. CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC
INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
Page 4 of 9
TRI FACILITY ID NUMBER
Toxic Chemical, Category, or Generic Name
SECTION 5. RELEASES OF THE TOXIC CHEMICAL TO THE ENVIRONMENT ON-SITE
. Total Release (pounds/
year) (enter range code from
instructions or estimate)
5.2
5.3
emissions
or non-point sir
Stack or point air
emissions
Discharges to receiving
streams or water bodies
(enter one name per fcox)
5.3.1 Stream or Water Body Name
B. Basis of
Estimate
(enter code)
C. % From
Stormwater
5.3.2 Stream or Water Body Name
5.3,3 Stream or Water Body Name
5,4
5,5
5.5.1
5.5.2
5,5.3
5,5,4
Underground injections
on-stte
Releases to land on-srte
Landfill
Land treatment/
application farming
Surface impoundment
Other disposal
Check here only if additional Section 5.3 information is provided on page 5 of this form.
EPA Form 9350-1 (Rev. 12/4/93) - Previous editions are obsolete.
Range Codes: A = 1 -10 pounds; B = 11 - 499 pounds;
C = 500 - 999 pounds.
-------
Page 5 of 9
wEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPAFC
PART II. CHEMI
INFORMATION
TF
\mi* n
)RM R
CAL-SPECIFIC
(CONTINUED)
SECTION 5.3 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON RELEASES OF THE TOXIC
ENVIRONMENT ON-SITE
Discharges to receiving A. Total Release (pounds/ B. Basi
5.3 streams or water bodies year) (enter range code from Estii
(enter one name per box) instructions or estimate) (ente
5.3, Stream or Water Body Name
5.3,_ Stream or Water Body Name
5.3- Stream or Water Body Name
SECTION 6. TRANSFERS
V FACILITY ID NUMBER
xic Chemica , Category, or Generic Name
CHEMICAL TO THE
s of C. % From
mate Stormwater
r code)
OF THE TOXIC CHEMICAL IN WASTES TO OFF-SITE LOCATIONS
6.1 DISCHARGES TO PUBLICLY OWNED TREATMENT WORKS (POTW)
6.1. A Total Quantity Transferred to POTWs and Basis of Estimate
6.1 , A. 1 Total Transfers (pounds/year)
(enter range code or estimate)
6.1. B POTW Name and Location Information
_ _ pQTWName |
6.1. B.
iS^i&ifitt^ii;;;
oiy !
State |
iisiipl
Zip Cade
6.1. A.2 Basis of Estimate
(enter code)
POTWName
D.l.D.
Street Address j
City | jit
ilfiilij 3
wฎw
!ง;!@iซJS;:|
If additional pages of Part II, Sections 5.3 and/or 6.1 are attached, indicate the total number of
pages in this box and indicate which Part II, Sections 5.3/6,1 page tr
iis is, here.
(example: t, 2, 3, etc.)
EPA Form 9350-1 (Rev. 12/4/93) - Previous editions are obsolete.
Range Codes: A = 1 -10 pounds; B = 11 - 499 pounds;
C = 500 - 999 pounds.
-------
Page 6 of 9
4J-EPA
EPA FORM R
PART II. CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC
INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
TRI FACILITY ID NUMBER
Toxic Chemical, Category, or Generic Name
SECTION 6.2 TRANSFERS TO OTHER OFF-SITE LOCATIONS
Oftsite EPA identification Number {RCRAJD No.) j
6*2.
Oft-Srte Location Name j
Street Address |
City |
State I ililiill
A, Total Transfers (pounds/year)
(enter range cods or estimate}
1.
2.
3.
4.
iHiliiii
Is location under control of rซ
facility or parent company?
B. Basis of inmate
{enter code)
1.
2.
3.
4.
Yes | | No
& Type of Waste Treatment/Disposal/
Recycling/Energy Recovery (enter code)
1. M
2. M
3. M
4. M
SECTION 6.2 TRANSFERS TO OTHER OFF-SITE LOCATIONS
" 5 OfMteSPAldentification Number {RCRAJD M
ป**<-
Off-Site location Name j
Street Address |
City |
State | iPH
A, Total Transfers (pounds/year)
(enter range code or estimate)
1.
2.
3.
4.
iiiijiiii
Is location under control of re
facility or parent company?
B. 8asts of Estimate
(enter code)
1.
2.
3.
4.
..
jpomno | r i
a | Yes | | No
C, Type of Waste Tmtoent/Wsposatf
fiei^ding/Enero^ Recovery (enter code)
1. M
2. M
3. M
4. M
if additional pages of part It, Section 6,2 are attached, indicate the total number of pages in this
box
and indicate which Part H, Section 6.2 page this is, here.
(example; 1,2,3, etc*)
EPA Form 9350-1 (Rev. 12/4/93) - Previous editions are obsolete.
Range Codes: A = 1 -10 pounds; B = 11 - 499 pounds;
C = 500 999 pounds.
-------
Page 7 of 9
EPA FORM R
Environmental Protection PART II. CHEMICAL-SPECIFIC
Agency INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
TRI FACILITY ID NUMBER
Toxic Chemical, Category, or Generic Name
ff additional copies of page 7 are attached, indicate the total number of pages in this
and indicate which page 7 this is, here.
box
(example: 1, 2f 3, etc.)
EPA Form 9350-1 (Rev. 12/4/93) - Previous editions are obsolete.
-------
EPA FORM R
United States PART II PHFMIPAI -QPFfNFIP
Environmental Protection rMIII II. UnCIVIIlrMI_-OrCV*irilr
Agency INFORMATION (CONTINUED)
Page 8 of 9
TRI FACILITY ID NUMBER
Toxic Chemical, Category, or Generic Name
SECTION 7B. ON-SITE ENERGY RECOVERY PROCESSES
Not Applicable (NA) - Check here if no on-site energy recovery is applied to any waste
stream containing the toxic chemical or chemical category.
Energy Recovery Methods [enter 3-character code(s)]
SECTION 7C. ON-SITE RECYCLING PROCESSES
Q Not Applicable (NA) - Check here if no on-site recycling is applied to any waste
stream containing the toxic chemical or chemical category.
Recycling Methods [enter 3-character code(s)]
1
6
234
789
5
10
EPA Form 9350-1 (Rev. 12/4/93) - Previous editions are obsolete.
-------
Page 9 of 9
^|=PA EPA FORM R
Protection PART II. CHEMICAL-SPECIF
Agency INFORMATION (CONTINUEI
TRI FACILITY ID NUMBER
"1^ Chemical, Category, or Generic Name
3)
SECTION 8. SOURCE REDUCTION AND RECYCLING ACTIVITIES
AH quantity estimates can be reported
using up to two significant figures.
8.1
8.2
0.3
8,4
84
8.6
8,7
8.8
8,0
Quantity released *
Quantity used for energy
recovery on-site
Quantity used for energy
recovery off-site
Quantity recycled on-site
Quantity recycled off-site
Quantity treated on-site
Quantity treated off-site
Column A
1992
(pounds/year)
Column B
1993
(pounds/year)
Column C
1994
(pounds/year)
Column D
1995
(pounds/year)
Quantity released to the environment as a result of
remedial actions, catastrophic events, or one-time events
not associated with production processes (pounds/year)
Production ratio or activity index
8.10
BAtiA
8.10,2
8.10,3
8,10.4
8,11
Did your facility engage in any source reduction activities for this chemical during
the reporting year? If not, enter "NA" in Section 8,10.1 and answer Section 8.11.
Source Reduction Activates
[enter eode(s}J
Methods to identify Activity (enter codes)
a.
a.
a.
a.
b. c.
b. c.
b. c.
b. c.
Is additional optional information on source reduction, recycling, or
pollution control activities included with this report? (Check one box)
YES NO
n en
* Report releases pursuant to EPCRA Section 329(8) including "any spilling, leaking, pumping, pouring, emitting, emptying, discharging,
injecting, escaping, leaching, dumping, or disposing into the environment." Do not include any quantity treated on-site or off-site.
EPA Form 9350 -1 (Rev. 12/4/93) - Previous editions are obsolete.
-------
APPENDIX G
EPA REGIONAL OFFICE
AND STATE TRI CONTACTS
EPA REGIONAL
SECTION 313 COORDINATORS
USEPA Region I
Connecticut. Maine. Massachusetts. New
Hampshire. Rhode Island. Vermont
Dwight Peavey (ATO)
Office of Technical Assistance
One Congress Street
Boston, MA 02203
(617) 565-4502
FAX (617) 565-4939
USEPA Region II
New Jersey. New York.
Puerto Rico. Virgin Islands
Nora Lopez (MS-105)
Pesticides and Toxics Branch
2890 Woodbridge Ave., Bldg. 10
Edison, NJ 08837-3679
(908) 906-6890
FAX (908) 321-6788
USEPA Region III
Delaware. District of Columbia. Maryland.
Pennsylvania. Virginia. West Virginia
Mikal Shabazz (3AT32)
Pesticides and Toxics Branch
Air, Radiation, and Toxics Division
841 Chestnut Street Bldg.
Philadelphia, PA 19107
(215)597-3659
FAX (215) 597-3156
USEPA Region IV
Alabama. Florida. Georgia. Kentucky.
Mississippi. North Carolina. South
Carolina. Tennessee
Pat Steed
Title III Implementation Unit
345 Courtland St., NE
Atlanta, GA 30365
(404) 347-1033 (ext. 36)
FAX (404) 347-1681
G-1
-------
3
Appendix G EPA Regional and State Contacts
USEPA Region V
Illinois. Indiana. Michigan. Minnesota.
Ohio. Wisconsin
ThelmaCodina(SP-14J)
Pesticides and Toxics Branch
77 W. Jackson Blvd.
Chicago, IL 60604
(312)886-6219
FAX (312) 353-4342
USEPA Region VI
Arkansas. Louisiana. New Mexico.
Oklahoma. Texas
Warren Layne (6TPT)
Pesticides and Toxics Branch
1445 Ross Avenue, Suite 700
Dallas, TX 75202-2733
(214) 665-8013
FAX (214) 665-2164
USEPA Region VII
Iowa. Kansas. Missouri. Nebraska
Jim Hirtz (TOPE)
Toxics and Pesticides Branch
726 Minnesota Ave.
Kansas City, KS 66101
(913)551-7020
FAX (913) 551-7065
USEPA Region VIII
Colorado. Montana. North Dakota. South
Dakota. Utah. Wyoming
Kathie Atencio (8ART-TS)
Toxic Substances Branch
999 18th Street, Suite 500
Denver, CO 80202-2405
(303)293-1735
FAX (303) 293-1229
USEPA Region IX
Arizona. California. Hawaii. Nevada.
American Samoa. Guam. Northern
Marianas
Pam Tsai (A-4-3)
Pesticides and Toxics Branch
75 Hawthorne Street
San Francisco, CA 94105
(415)744-1116
FAX (415) 744-1073
USEPA Region X
Alaska. Idaho. Oregon. Washington
Phil Wong (AT083)
Pesticides and Toxics Branch
1200 Sixth Avenue
Seattle, W A 98101
(206) 553-4016
FAX (206) 553-8338
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Appendix G EPA Regional and State Contacts
STATE TRI PUBLIC CONTACTS
Alabama
Ed Poolos
Alabama Emergency Response Commission
Alabama Department of Environmental
Management
1751 Congressman W.L. Dickinson Drive
Montgomery, AL 36109
(205)260-2717
Fax (205) 272-8131
Alaska
Camille Stephens
Department of Environmental Conservation
Government Preparedness and
Response Program
410 Willoughby Avenue, Suite 105
Juneau.AK 99801-1795
(907) 465-5220
Fax (907) 465-5244
American Samoa
Pati Faiai
American Samoa Environmental
Protection Agency
Office of the Governor
American Samoa Government
Pago Pago, AS 96799
International Number (684) 633-2304
Arizona
Daniel Roe
Arizona Emergency Response Commission
Division of Emergency Management
5636 East McDowell Road
Phoenix, AZ 85008
(602)231-6346
Fax (602) 231-6313
Arkansas
John Ward
Arkansas Department of Pollution Control
and Ecology
8001 National Drive
Little Rock, AR 72209
(501) 562-7444
Fax (501) 562-0297
California
Steve Hanna
California Environmental Protection Agency
555 Capitol Mall, Suite 235
Sacramento, CA 95814
(916) 324-9924
Fax (916) 322-6005
Colorado
Tamara Vanhorn
Colorado Emergency Planning Commission
Colorado Department of Public Health
and Environment
4300 Cherry Creek Drive South
Denver, CO 80222-1530
(303) 692-3017
Fax (303) 759-5355
Connecticut
David Jersey
SERC Coordinator
Department of Environmental Protection
Bureau of Waste Management
79 Elm Street
Hartford, CT 06106-5127
(203) 424-3373
Fax (203) 566-5255
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(MilMm.1
Appendix G EPA Regional and State Contacts
Delaware
Joanne Deramo
Division of Air and Waste Management
Department of Natural Resources and
Environmental Control
89 Kings Highway
P.O. Box 1401
Dover, DE 19903
(302)739-4791
Fax (302) 739-3106
District of Columbia
Leslie B. Nesbitt
SARA Title III
Office of Emergency Preparedness
Frank Reeves Center for Municipal Affairs
2000 14th Street, Northwest
8th Floor
Washington, DC 20009
(202) 673-2101 Ext. 3161
Fax (202) 673-7054
Florida
Bret Timmons
Florida Emergency Response Commission
Secretary, Florida Department of
Community Affairs
2740 Centerview Drive
Tallahassee, FL 32399-2100
(904)413-9929
(800) 635-7179 (in Florida)
Fax (904) 488-1739
Georgia
Burt Langley
Georgia Emergency Response Commission
205 Butler Street, Southeast
Floyd Tower East, Suite 1166
Atlanta, GA 30334
(404) 656-6905
Fax (404) 657-7893
Guam
Fred M. Castro
Guam Environmental Protection Agency
D-107 Harmon Plaza
130 Roj as Street
Harmon, Guam 96911
International Number (671) 646-8863/8864
Hawaii
Marsha Mealey
Hawaii State Emergency Response
Commission
Hawaii Department of Health
P.O. Box 3378
Honolulu, HI 96801
(808) 586-4694
Fax (808) 586-7537
Idaho
Margaret Ballard
Idaho Emergency Response Commission
1109 Main Street
State House
Boise, ID 83720-3401
(208) 334-3263
Fax (208) 334-3267
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Appendix G EPA Regional and State Contacts
Illinois
Joe Goodner
Office of Chemical Safety
Illinois Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 19276
2200 Churchill Road
Springfield, IL 62794-9276
(217)785-0830
Fax (217) 782-1431
Indiana
Paula Smith
Indiana Department of Environmental
Management
Office of Pollution Prevention
and Technical Assistance
P.O. Box 6015
Indianapolis, IN 46206-6015
(317)232-8172
Fax (317) 233-5627
Iowa
Pete Hamlin
Department of Natural Resources
Wallace Office Building
900 East Grand Avenue
DesMoines, IA 50319
(515)281-8852
Fax(515) 281-8895
Kansas
Jon Flint
Kansas Emergency Response Commission
Forbes Field Building 283
Topeka, KS 66620
(913)296-1690
Fax (913) 296-1545
Kentucky
Alex Barber
Kentucky Department for Environmental
Protection
14 Reilly Road
Frankfort, KY 40601-1132
(502) 564-2150
Fax (502) 564-4245
Louisiana
Linda Brown
Department of Environmental Quality
P.O. Box 82263
Baton Rouge, LA 70884-2263
(504) 765-0737
Fax (504) 765-0742
Maine
Rayna Leibowitz
State Emergency Response Commission
Station Number 72
Augusta, ME 04333
(207) 287-4080
Fax (207) 287-4079
Maryland
Patricia Williams
SARA Title III Reporting
Maryland Department of the Environment
Toxics Inventory Program
2500 Broening Highway
Baltimore, MD 21224
(410)631-3800
Fax(410) 631-3321
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Appendix G EPA Regional and State Contacts
Massachusetts
Suzi Peck
Massachusetts Department of Environmental
Protection
Bureau of Waste Prevention
Toxics Use Reduction Program
1 Winter Street
Boston, MA 02108
(617) 292-5870
Fax (617) 556-1090
Michigan
Richard Jackson
Emergency Planning and Community
Right-to-Know Commission
Michigan Department of Natural Resources
Environmental Response Division
P.O. Box 30028
Lansing, MI 48909
(517)373-8481
Fax (517)335-3624
Minnesota
Steven Tomlyanovich
Minnesota Emergency Response Commission
B5 State Capitol Building
75 Constitution Avenue
St. Paul, MN 55155
(612)282-5396
Fax (612) 296-0459
Mississippi
John David Burns
Mississippi Emergency Response Commission
Mississippi Emergency Management Agency
P.O. Box 4501
Jackson, MS 39296-4501
(601) 960-9000
Fax (601) 352-8314
Missouri
Jim Penfold
Technical Assistance Program
Department of Natural Resources
P.O. Box 176
Jefferson City, MO 65102
(314)526-6627
Fax (314) 526-3350
Montana
Tom Ellerhoff
Montana Emergency Response Commission
ESD/DHES
Cogswell Building C-108, Capitol Station
Helena, MT 59620
(406) 444-2544
Fax (406) 444-1374
Nebraska
John Steinauer
State of Nebraska Department of
Environmental Quality
P.O. Box 98922
Lincoln, NE 68509-8922
(402)471-4230
Fax (402) 471-2909
Nevada
Kelli Hammack
Nevada Division of Environmental Protection
333 West Nye Lane
Capitol Complex
Carson City,NV 89710
(702) 687-5872
Fax (702) 885-0868
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Appendix G EPA Regional and State Contacts
New Hampshire
Leland Kimball
New Hampshire Office of Emergency
Management
Title III Program
State Office Park South
107 Pleasant Street
Concord, NH 03301
(603)271-2231
Fax (603) 225-7341
New Jersey
Andrew Opperman
Bureau of Hazardous Substances Information
Division of Environmental Safety,
Health, and Analytical Programs
New Jersey Department of Environmental
Protection and Energy
401 East State Street, CN-405
Trenton, NJ 08625
(609) 984-3219
Fax (609) 633-7031
New Mexico
Max Johnson
New Mexico Emergency Response
Commission
Chemical Safety Office
Emergency Management Bureau
P.O. Box 1628
Santa Fe,NM 87504-1628
(505) 827-9223
Fax (505) 827-3456
New York
William Miner
New York Emergency Response Commission
State Department of Environmental
Conservation
Bureau of Spill Prevention and Response
50 Wolf Road/Room 340
Albany, NY 12233-3510
(518)457-4107
Fax (518) 457-4332
North Carolina
Emily Kilpatrick
North Carolina Emergency Response
Commission
North Carolina Division of Emergency
Management
116 West Jones Street
Raleigh, NC 27603-1335
(919)733-3865
Fax (919) 733-6327
North Dakota
Robert W. Johnston
North Dakota State Division of Emergency
Management
P.O. Box 5511
Bismarck, ND 58502-5511
(701)328-2111
Fax (701) 328-2119
Northern Marianas
F. Russell Mecham, III
Division of Environmental Quality
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana
Islands
Doctor Torres Hospital
P.O.Box 1304
Saipan, MP 96950
International Number (670) 234-6984
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TW
Appendix G EPA Regional and State Contacts
Ohio
Cindy DeWulf
Division of Air Pollution Control
P. O. Box 163669
Columbus, OH 43216-3669
(614) 644-4830
Fax (614) 644-3681
Oklahoma
Monty Elder
Department of Environmental Quality
Risk Communication
1000 Northeast Tenth Street
Oklahoma City, OK 73117-1212
(405)271-8062
Fax (405) 271-1152
Oregon
Dennis Walthall
Oregon Emergency Response Commission
State Fire Marshall
4760 Portland Road, Northeast
Salem, OR 97305-1760
(503) 378-3473 Extension 231
Fax (503) 373-1825
Pennsylvania
James Tinney
Bureau of Worker and Community
Right-to-Know
Room 1503/Labor and Industry Building
7th and Forster Streets
Harrisburg,PA17120
(717)783-2071
Fax (717) 787-8363
Puerto Rico
Genaro Torres
Director of Superfund and Emergencies
Title III-SARA Section 313
Environmental Quality Board
Fernandez Junco Station
P.O.Box 11488
Santurce, PR 00910
(809) 766-8056
Fax (809) 766-2483
Rhode Island
Martha Delaney Mulcahey
Department of Environmental Management
Division of Air Resources
Attention: Toxic Release Inventory
291 Promenade Street
Providence, RI02908-5767
(401)277-2808 Ext. 7032
Fax (401)277-2017
South Carolina
Michael Juras
South Carolina SERC - EPCRA
Reporting Point
Department of Health and
Environmental Control
2600 Bull Street
Columbia, SC 29201
(803)896-4117
Fax (803) 896-4002
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Appendix G EPA Regional and State Contacts
TN
I)* Mm.
South Dakota
Lee Ann Smith
South Dakota Emergency Response
Commission
Department of Environment
and Natural Resources
Joe Foss Building
523 East Capitol
Pierre, SD 57501-3181
(605) 773-3296
Fax (605) 773-6035
Tennessee
Betty Eaves
Tennessee Emergency Response Council
Tennessee Emergency Management Agency
3041 Sidco Drive
Nashville, TN 37204
(615) 741-2986
Fax (615) 242-9635
Texas
Becky Kurka, TRI Coordinator
Office of Pollution Prevention and Recycling
Texas Natural Resources Conservation
Commission
P.O. Box 13087
Austin, TX 78711-3087
(512)239-3100
Fax (512) 239-3165
Utah
John Jones
Utah Hazardous Chemical Emergency
Response Commission
Utah Department of Environmental Quality
Division of Environmental Response and
Remediation
P.O. Box 144840
Salt Lake City, UT 84116
(801) 536-4100
Fax (801)536-4113
Vermont
Gary Gulka
Pollution Prevention and
Education Division
103 South Main Street
West Office Building
Waterbury, VT 05671-0404
(802) 241-3888
Fax(802) 241-3296
Virgin Islands
Ben Nazario
Department of Planning and Natural Resources
U.S. Virgin Islands Emergency Response
Commission Title III
Nisky Center, Suite 231
Charlotte Amalie
St. Thomas, VI00802
(809) 773-0565 (St. Croix)
(809) 773-9310 (St. Croix Fax)
(809) 774-3320 (St. Thomas)
(809) 774-5416 (St. Thomas Fax)
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(*"*
Appendix G EPA Regional and State Contacts
Virginia
Roland Owens
Virginia Emergency Response Council
Virginia Department of Environmental Quality
(9th Floor)
P.O. Box 10009
Richmond, VA 23240-0009
(804) 762-4482
Fax (804) 762-4453
Washington
Idell Hansen
Department of Ecology
Community Right-to-Know Unit
P.O. Box 47659
Olympia, WA 98504-7659
(206) 407-6727
Fax (206) 407-6715
Wisconsin
Russ Dunst
Department of Natural Resources
101 South Webster
P.O. Box 7921
Madison, WI53707
(608) 266-9255
Fax (608) 267-5231
Wyoming
Mike Davis
Hazardous Materials Planner
Wyoming Emergency Response Commission
Wyoming Emergency Management Agency
P.O. Box 1709
Cheyenne, WY 82003-1709
(307) 777-4900
Fax (307) 635-6017
West Virginia
Carl L. Bradford
West Virginia Emergency
Response Commission
West Virginia Office of Emergency Services
Main Capital Building 1, Room EB-80
Charleston, WV 25305-0360
(304) 558-5380
Fax (304) 344-4538
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