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                                          PREFACE

The National Environmental Justice Advisory Council (NEJAC) is a federal advisory committee that was
established by charter on September 30,1993, to provide independent advice, consultation, and
recommendations to the Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on matters related
to environmental justice. The NEJAC is made up .of 25 members, and one DFO, who serve on a parent council
that has six subcommittees., Along with the NEJAC members who fill subcommittee posts, an additional 39
individuals serve on the various subcommittees. To date, NEJAC has held ten meetings in the following
locations:                                 .                .  '

           Washington, D.C., May 20, 1994      .           •'.-_'

           Albuquerque, New Mexico, August 3 through 5, 1994          .

           Herndon, Virginia, October 25 through 27, 1994        ,

           Atlanta, Georgia, January 17 and 18,1995              .

           Arlington, Virginia, July 25 and 26,1995

           Washington, D.C., December 12 through 14/1995

           Detroit, Michigan, May 29 through 31,  1996

           Baltimore, Maryland, December 10 through 12,1996                                .

      •     Wabeno, Wisconsin, May 13 through 15,1997

           Durham, North Carolina, December 8 through  10, 1997

The NEJAC also has held other meetings which include:

      •     Environmental Justice Enforcement and Compliance Assurance Roundtable, San Antonio, Texas,
           October 17 through 19, 1996
                                  „                        -'
           EPA Region 4 Environmental Justice Enforcement Roundtable, Durham,  North Carolina, December
           11, through 13,1997         .'.-'•

As a federal advisory committee, the NEJAC is bound by all requirements of the Federal Advisory Committee
Act (FACA) of October 6,1972. Those requirements include:

           Members must be selected and appointed by EPA                                    , .  "

           Members must attend and participate fully in meetings of NEJAC

           Meetings must be open to the public, except as specified by the Administrator

           All meetings must be announced in the Federal Register               •

           Public participation must be allowed at all public meetings

           The public must be provided access to materials distributed during the meeting

           Meeting minutes must be kept and made available to the public

           A designated federal official (DFO) must be present at all meetings of the NEJAC (and its
           subcommittees)              •

           NEJAC must provide independent judgment that is not influenced by  special interest groups

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      Each subcommittee, formed to deal with a specific topic and to facilitate the conduct of the business of
 NEJAC, has a DFO and is bound by the requirements of FAQA.  Subcommittees of the NEJAC meet
 independently of the full NEJAC and present their findings to the NEJAC for review. Subcommittees cannot
 make recommendations independently to EPA. In addition to the six subcommittees, NEJAC has established a
 P'rptocol Committee, the members of which are the chair of NEJAC and the chairs of each subcommittee.

      Members of the NEJAC are presented in the table on the following page. A list of the members of each
 of the six subcommittees are presented in the appropriate chapters of the report.
                    NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE ADVISORY COUNCIL
                             MEMBERS OF THE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL
                                          (1997-1998)
       Designated Federal Official:
       Mr. Robert Knox
       Acting Director, EPA Office of Environmental Justice
                                       General Members
       Mr. Don Aragon
       Ms. Leslie Ann Beckhoff
       Ms. Jean Belille
       Ms. Christine Benally
       Ms. Sue Briggum
       Ms. Dollie Burwell
       Mr. Luke Cole
       Ms. Mary English
       Ms. Rosa Franklin
       Mr. Arnoldo Garcia
       Mr. Graver Hankins
       Mr. James Hill
Chair:
Mr. Haywood Turrentine
Mr. Lawrence Hurst
Ms. Annabelle Jaramillo
Ms. Lillian Kawasaki
Mr. Charles Lee
Mr. Gerald Prout
Ms. Rosa Hilda Ramos
Mr. Arthur Ray
Mr. Robert Lewis Shaw
Mr. Gerald Torres
Mr. Baldemar Velasquez
Mr. Damon Whitehead
Ms. Margaret Williams
   EPA's Office of Environmental Justice (OEJ) maintains transcripts, summary reports, and other material
distributed during the meetings. Those documents are available to the public upon request.

Comments or questions can be directed to OEJ through the Internet.  OEJ's Internet E-mail address is:

     envlronmental-justice-epa@epamail.epa.gov.

Executive Summaries of the reports of "the NEJAC meetings are available in English and Spanish on the
Internet at the NEJAC's World Wide Web home page:

   „  http:/www.ttemi.com/nejac.
                                                                                                        / 'ft

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                                   EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
              INTRODUCTION

This executive summary provides highlights of the
tenth  meeting of the National  Environmental
Justice   Advisory   Council   (NEJAC),   held
December  8  through 10,  1997 at the Regal
University Hotel in Durham, North Carolina.  The
Executive  Council  of the  NEJAC  met on
December  8  and 10, 1997.   Each of the six
subcommittees met for a full day on December 9,
1997.   In  addition,  on  December 8, 1997,
members of the NEJAC participated in a site tour
of three communities in the Durham area to learn
about environmental issues and concerns related
to the communities.  The  NEJAC also hosted
public comment periods on December 8 and 10,
1997. Approximately 245 persons attended the
meetings and the public comment sessions.

The NEJAC is a federal advisory committee that
was established  by  charter, on September 30,
1993 to provide independent advice, consultation,
and recommendations to the Administrator of the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on
matters related to environmental justice.  Mr.
Haywood Turrentine, Laborers' District Cfouncil
Education and Training Trust Fund (an affiliate of
the  Laborers  International  Union  of North
America), serves as the newly elected chair of the
Executive Council.   Mr.  Robert  Knox, Acting
Director,  EPA Office of Environmental Justice
(OEJ), serves as the acting Designated Federal
Official (DFO) for the Executive Council. Exhibit
ES-1  lists the chair and DFO for the Executive
Council, as well as trie persons who chair the six
subcommittees of the NEJAC and the EPA staff
appointed  to  serve as the  DFOs   for the
subcommittees.

To date, the NEJAC has held ten meetings.  OEJ
maintains public transcripts and summary reports
of the proceedings of the meetings.   Those
documents are available  to the  public  upon
request.    The public also  can  access the
executive summaries of reports  of  previous
meetings as well as  other NEJAC publications
through the Internet at http://www.ttemi.com/
nejac. Versions of the executive, summaries are
available in both English and Spanish.

                OVERVIEW

Mr.  Turrentine - opened the  meeting of the
Executive Council by expressing  his gratitude and
                               Exhibit ES-1
      NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL
      JUSTICE ADVISORY COUNCIL
   CHAIRS AND DESIGNATED FEDERAL
            OFFICIALS (DFO)

 Executive Council:
        Mr. Haywqod Turrentine, Chair
        Mr. Robert Knox, Acting DFO

 Enforcement Subcommittee;   '
        Mr. Arthur Ray, Chair
        Ms. Sherry Milan, DFO

 Health and Research Subcommittee:
       , Ms. Mary English, Chair
        Ms. Carol Christensen, co-DFO
        Mr. Lawrence Martin, co-DFO

 Indigenous Peoples Subcommittee:
        Mr. James Hill, Chair
        Ms. Elizabeth Bell, DFO

 International Subcommittee:
        Mr. Baldemar Velasquez, Chair
        Ms. Dona Canales, DFO

 Public Participation and
 Accountability Subcommittee:
 '       Ms. Rosa Hilda Ramos, Chair
        Ms. Renee Goins, DFO

 Waste and Facility Siting Subcommittee:
        Mr. Charles Lee, Chair
        Mr. Kent Benjamin, DFO
appreciation to all individuals who volunteer their
time to the NEJAC and its activities.  He then
recognized the efforts of the former chair of the
NEJAC  and other members of  the NEJAC,
explaining that, although the current council has
many new members, there would be no need to
"reinvent"  what the  previous  council  had
accomplished. Mr. Turrentine expressed his hope
that the members of the current council would
carry on the hard work and  dedication  of the
members of the earlier bodies.

Mr. Turrentine  made  special mention of the
Enforcement Subcommittee of the  NEJAC for its
Durham, North Carolina, December 8 through 10,1997
                                       ES-1

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 Executive Summary
    National Environmental Justice Advisory Council
 efforts in planning and coordinating activities for
 t|ie    Environmental   Justice    Enforcement
 Roqndtable that was  held  on December  11
 through  13,  199?  at  North  Carolina Central
 University (NCCU) in Durham, North Carolina.
 The roundtable meeting provided an opportunity
 for stakeholders in environmental justice issues to
 exchange ideas about how communities can play
 a more active role in enforcement and compliance
 assurance activities.

 fyfr. Fred Hansen, Deputy Administrator of EPA,
 emphasized the continuing commitment  of the
 E=PA Administrator to  ensure  environmental
 justice. Exhibit ES-2 presents a letter from the
 EPA Administrator  and  Mr. Hansen to  the
 membe.rs of  the  NEJAC and  the meeting
 participants. Mr. Hansen stressed the importance
 of the NEJAC in helping to create a model that
 other federal agencies can follow in carrying out
 their  environmental  justice strategies  and
 President Clinton's commitment to improve race
 relations.  Mr. Harjsen identified for the NEJAC
 issues he believes have  high priority for EPA:
 le'ad, asthma, and Title VI of the Civil Rights Act
 df 1964. He emphasized that he and the EPA
 Administrator also are committed to improving the
 diversity in the workforce of EPA.  Mr. Hansen
 announced that EPA's draft guidance on Title VI
 would be distributed to the NEJAC by the end of
 December  1997.   He added  that  the  EPA
 Administrator  has  requested that the  senior
 managers for each EPA program office identify
 additional ways in which the agency can increase
 its efforts to ensure environmental justice.

 Ms. Sylvia Lowrance, Principal Deputy Assistant
Administrator,  EPA Office of Enforcement and
 Compliance  Assurance (OECA), provided  the
 NEJAC with  an  update  on  the  agency's
 environmental justice activities. She stated that
 EPA  is  reconvening  its  Executive  Steering
Committee on Environmental Justice to ensure
that EPA's efforts to respond to concerns raised
by the  NEJAC  are  coordinated among EPA
offices.  She ajso  announced  that EPA is
developing a grants program in which the agency
v^ilf provide "seed money" to a small number of
states to support the states' own programs related
to Title VI. She informed the NEJAC that EPA's
Community and University Partnership  (CUP)
drant Program will not be funded in 1998.

NJr. John Hankinsqn, Regional Administrator, EPA
Region 4, stated that EPA had made significant
 progress in the four years during which he has
 served as the top official  in the region.  He
 stressed the importance of preventing  health
 threats to  communities,  and  engaging  in
 discussions about enforcement and "ways to use
 existing laws in preventive ways." Mr. Hankinson
 concluded  his   remarks  by  stressing  his
 commitment to the development of partnerships
 and the conduct of dialogue to address such
 important issues as environmental enforcement,
 health risks, and community education.

 On December 8, 1997, members of the NEJAC
 participated in a site tour of several communities
 near Durham,  North  Carolina.   Exhibit  ES-3
 presents a photograph of the members  of the
 NEJAC  listening  to  environmental  justice
 concerns   of  the  members  of  the  Shiloh
 community. The site  tour also  stopped  at the
 Eufala  Street  Landfill in  Fayetteville,  North
 Carolina to listen to the environmental concerns
 of members of the community, who wish to be
 relocated because of the landfill.

 The NEJAC hosted public comment periods on
 December 8 and 10,1997.  More than 36 people
 participated in the two public comment periods.
 Mr.  Richard  Moore,  Southwest  Network for
 Environmental and Economic Justice and former
 chair of the NEJAC, addressed the NEJAC to
 stress that the environmental justice movement is
 not driven by a federal advisory committee, but by
 those "brothers and sisters" to whom the NEJAC
 listens to during the public comment periods, as
 well as those the NEJAC meets on the site tours.
 Issues discussed during the two public comment
 periods included concerns about the effects of
 confined animal feeding operations (CAFO) on
 communities, the identification of environmental
 justice cases related to indigenous peoples, the
 siting of polyvinylchloride (PVC) companies in
 Louisiana, and the protection of farm workers.

 The Executive Council also heard presentations
 by   representatives   of   EPA's   Office   of
 Administration   and   Resource   Management
 (OARM) at Research Triangle Park (RTP); EPA's
 Office of Children's Health Protection (OCHP);
 EPA's Office  of  Air  Quality  Planning  and
 Standards  (OAQPS)  at RTP; and the White
 House Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ).
ES-2
Durham, North Carolina, December 8 through 10, 1997

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National Environmental Justice Advisory Council
                           Executive Summary
                                                                                          . Exhibit ES-2
                      UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                                    WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460
                                        DEC  08 1997
                                                                                 OFFICE OF
                                                                             THE ADMINISTRATOR
     Dear Council Members and Meeting Participants,

           Welcome to the tenth meeting of the National Environmental Justice Advisory Council
     (NEJAC). We thank Haywood Turrentine, the newly elected Council Chair, for accepting this
     important position.  We are confident that he will continue the excellent leadership demonstrated
     by former NEJAC Chair Richard Moore. We thank the NEJAC members and community leaders
     who helped EPA organize this important event, and also Steve Herman, Sylvia Lowrahce, John
     .Hankinson, Robert Knox, and other EPA staff for their hard work in planning this meeting.

           We are pleased by the Council's progress in advancing the cause of environmental justice.
     You have increased awareness and understanding of environmental justice issues at EPA and
     among the general public.  And we have many NEJAC successes to be proud of,  such as:
     publication of The Model Plan for Public Participation, substantive involvement in the
     Administration's Brownfields Initiative, and hosting more than 35 public meetings — including the
     second Enforcement Roundtable, which will provide opportunities for exchange between EPA
     and local citizens on environmental enforcement and compliance activities.  Through our work
     with NEJAC, EPA has been better able to ensure that all Americans are provided the information
     and tools they heed to get involved in making their neighborhoods and their families safer and
     healthier.

           NEJAC brings together individuals with a personal commitment to environmental justice.
     Your involvement in the process of finding solutions and your valuable advice to EPA is critical to
     the task of building a better world for our children and their children to come.  As we approach
     the fourth anniversary of the President's Executive Order 12898 on Environmental Justice, we
     should reflect on our many accomplishments and seek new opportunities for phange.  We look
     forward to continuing our work together as we take the necessary steps to achieve public health
     and environmental protection in every community.

           Best wishes for a successful meeting,
     Carol M. Browner
     Administrator
Fred Hansen
Deputy Administrator
                                                                             Recycled/Recyclable
                                                                             Printed with Soy/CinoU Me on ftftr tint
                                                                             contain* at tout 50% raeyctod fiber
Durham, North Carolina, December 8 through 10,1997
                                                                                                   ES-3

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 Executive Summary
    National Environmental Justice Advisory Council
 Exhibit ES-3: Members of the NEJAC and other
 participants listening to the environmental
 justice concerns of the Shiloh community near
 Durham, North Carolina.


             COMMON THEMES

 During the meetings of the Executive Council and
 the subcommittees, the members of the NEJAC
 discussed a wide  range of  issues related  to
 environmental justice. Specific concerns raised
 Irjclude:

 •   Improving the integration of environmental
    justice into the policies and activities of each
    EPA program office

 •   Ensuring that OCHP coordinates activities in
    consultation with the  NEJAC  and other
    federal agencies

 •   Improving  the progress  of  EPA  in  its
    development of guidance on Title VI, as well
    as addressing complaints received related to
    potential violations under Title VI
  il       ,         |,'IN'| ,            III
 •   Improving EPA's response to resolutions and
    Issues raised during public comment periods

 •   Maintaining    EPA's    commitment   to
    environmental justice by continuing to fund
    the CUP grant program

 •   Ensuring the   early  involvement of  all
    stakeholders,     particularly     affected
    communities, in decision making
                „ „ in
    Ensuring  that the proposed White House
    meeting on environmental justice includes in
    the planning process the participation of the
    NEJAC and other community leaders

•   Clarifying    the  relationship    between
    environmental  justice  and Indian  country,
    given  the special  nature  of the sovereign
    status of tribes
 Members of the NEJAC lauded the efforts of Mr.
 Hansen and the EPA Administrator, noting that
 much progress had been made in environmental
 justice; however, several  members noted that
 there continues to be a "big gap" in the area of
 integrating environmental justice throughout the
 agency. The NEJAC approved a resolution from
 the Waste and Facility Siting  Subcommittee, in
 which the NEJAC requests that  EPA  actively
 pursue the integration of environmental justice
 components into the activities of all programs and
 media offices of the agency, as well as the efforts
 of other federal agencies.

 Members of the NEJAC urged the  director of
 OCHP to coordinate efforts with the NEJAC, other
 EPA program offices, and other federal agencies,
 particularly the National Institute of Environmental
 Health  Sciences (NIEHS).   The Health  and
 Research  Subcommittee  discussed  at  length
 during its deliberations the protection of children's
 health and how the.subcommittee could assist
 OCHP in achieving its goals.

 Members of the NEJAC expressed concern about
 the slow progress of the agency to formulate how
 to use Title VI as an enforcement mechanism.
 The members expressed particular concern about
 the slow progress in developing guidance on Title
 VI and responding to complaints received about
 potential violations of Title VI.   Noting that the
 number  of EPA's legal staff responsible  for
 responding to Title  VI complaints  had been
 reduced from four attorneys to two, while EPA's
 Office of, C|vil Rights (OCR) had been operating
 without an appointed  director for more than one
 year,  the members  expressed  concern about
 EPA's commitment in this area. The members of
 the NEJAC strongly recommended  that  EPA
 appoint a permanent director of OCR who has
 extensive experience in the civil rights field and
 that EPA establish "strike teams" to investigate
 complaints under Title VI.   In addition,  the
 Executive Council approved a resolution from the
 Enforcement Subcommittee in which the NEJAC
 requests that the agency  develop a policy to
 ensure that claims of violations are addressed in
 a timely manner.

 Members  of the NEJAC  expressed  strong
 concern that many of the resolutions forwarded to
the EPA Administrator do  not  receive   an
 adequate response from the agency. During the
 public  comment periods,  many commenters
 expressed outrage that they continue to present
ES-4
                                                 Durham, North Carolina, December 8 through 10, 1997

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 National Environmental Justice Advisory Council
                           Executive Summary
their testimony to the NEJAC and EPA still does
•not respond to their concerns,  particularly the
case of St. James Parish, Louisiana and to cases
involving indigenous peoples.

Members of the NEJAC expressed concern about
the suspension in 1998 of funding for the CUP
grant program,  emphasizing the importance of
such grants to communities. The members also
expressed  concern  that  the  agency  would
suspend funds during an evaluation process of
the program, rather than after the evaluation had
been completed.  The members of the NEJAC
agreed to send a letter to the EPA Administrator
requesting  that the  NEJAC be involved  in  the
evaluation  of the grant program  and that EPA
commit to continuing to fund the program.

Members of the NEJAC continued to emphasize
the importance of involving ajl stakeholders early
in the decision-making process.  The Executive
Council of the NEJAC approved a resolution from
the  Public Participation  and   Accountability
Subcommittee in which the NEJAC requests that
EPA modify its public notice processes to provide
early   notification to  communities  of  EPA's
intention to develop  a  project  and to  make
accessible to the public not only documents but
also share its expertise with communities to help
them understand technical issues.

Members of the NEJAC also  stressed .that  the
planning process for the proposed White House
meeting  on  environmental  justice  must  be
community-based and community-driven. They
also recommended that the meeting  should be
viewed not only as an opportunity to address
substantive issues, such as exploring ways to
encourage the Interagency Working Group (IWG)
on Environmental Justice to take action, but as a
new beginning  rather than the  culmination of,
events. The members also urged that diverse
populations be represented during the planning of
the meeting and that the federal agencies should
provide  an  update  on   the  'progress  on
implementing   their  environmental   justice
strategies.

Members of the NEJAC also discussed the need
to clarify the relationship between environmental
justice and  Indian country because tribes, unlike
other communities, are sovereign nations. The
Indigenous Peoples  Subcommittee  during  its
deliberations agreed to draft a resolution for the
June  1998 meeting of the NEJAC which  will
address the relationship of environmental justice
and Indian country and the lack of infrastructures
within tribes to develop environmental programs.

   SUMMARIES OF THE SUBCOMMITTEE
                MEETINGS

Summarized below are the deliberations of the
members  during the  meetings  of  the  six
subcommittees of the NEJAC.

Enforcement Subcommittee

The Enforcement Subcommittee discussed the
activities of its  work  groups and reviewed
selected action  items  and  resolutions.   The
subcommittee also heard' comments during a
public  dialogue  period on  the  environmental
justice concerns  and the cumulative effects of
industries  on the communities  in  St. James
Parish, Louisiana.

The status of each work group was reported as
follows:                  •    • • _

•   The Work Group on the Open-Market Trading
   of Air Emissions Credits heard a presentation
   from representatives of EPA's Office of Air
   and Radiation (OAR), to address what the
   subcommittee described  as the agency's
   inadequate   response  to   Enforcement
   Resolution No. 7 about EPA's policy on open-
   market trading of air emissions credits.

•   The  Work   Group  on .  the   Policy  on
   Supplemental Environmental Projects (SEP)
   was disestablished because the members of
   the  subcommittee agreed that EPA  had
   incorporated  many of the  work  group's
   recommendations into its interim revised
   policy on the use of SEPs in the settlements
   negotiated by EPA.

•   The Work Group  on Worker  Protection
   updated the subcommittee on its activities,
   noting in particular its work in support of the
   subcommittee's   co-sponsorship  of  the
   Environmental    Justice     Enforcement
   Roundtable  that  was held December 11
   through 13,1997 at NCCU in Durham, North
   Carolina. One of the topics discussed during '
   the roundtable meeting was issues related to
   the protection of workers from environmental
   hazards.
Durham, North Carolina, December^ through 10, 1997
                                      ES-S

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    ,
 Executive Summary
     National Environmental Justice Advisory Council
 In addition, the members of the subcommittee
 agreed to form a work group to address concerns
 related to Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
 The primary goal of the work group would be to
 review EPA's draft guidance on Title VI and
 submit comments to the Executive Council to be
 forwarded to the EPA Administrator.

 The members of the subcommittee also heard
 reports on the following issues:  the EPA-state
 performance  partnership  agreements  (PPA),
 CAFOs, Title  VI, activities of the EPA Region 3
 Criminal    Investigation    Division,   federal
 enforcement authorities under the imminent and
 substantial endangerment clauses contained in
 specific environmental  legislation,  and public
 participation in the  Resource Conservation and
 Recovery Act (RCRA) corrective action program.

 Health and Research Subcommittee

 The  members of  the  Health  and  Research
 Subcommittee discussed  the development of
 administrative procedures that would enable the
 subcommittee to achieve its goals  effectively.
 The subcommittee also discussed several issues
 related to the protection- of children's health to
 identify topics that  should be the focus of the
 sybcommittee's consideration of this topic. Listed
 below are a few of the actions to  which the
 members agreed:
  '.;.            '  't,K          :    ,   ;
 •   Identify the mission of OCHP and explore
    ways in which the office will influence the
    overall  mission   of  EPA   related  to
    environmental health and children.

 •   Determine how the subcommittee can assist
    OCHP in achieving its goals.

 •   Determine how EPA and other agencies can
    coordinate their efforts to address issues that
    affect children's health.

The subcommittee also heard presentations on
the  environmental  justice  activities  of  EPA's
 Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (OPPT),
 EPA's   chemical    indexing   system,  and
transnational research programs, as  well as a
 report from OCHP.

The  subcommittee  also  adopted   several
significant action items which encourage NIEHS
and EPA to coordinate efforts to increase funding
to support the work  of NIEHS.   Efforts  are
 underway to draft a  resolution  in  which the
 NEJAC requests that EPA agree that OCHP will
 work with NIEHS to. expand the work done by
 NIEHS on issues of children's health.

 Indigenous Peoples Subcommittee

 The deliberations of the Indigenous ^Peoples
 Subcommittee  focused  on   a   number  of
 environmental justice cases related to indigenous
 peoples. The members of the subcommittee also
 reviewed selected action items and resolutions
 and approved the mission statement for  the
 subcommittee.

 The environmental justice cases discussed by the
 subcommittee were:

 •    The opposition of the Mattaponi Indian Tribe
     to the construction of a water pumping station
     and reservoir in King William County, Virginia.

 •    The opposition of the Navajo community of
     Crownpoint, New Mexico to the proposed in
     situ uranium leach mines in  two Navajo
     communities.

 •    The concerns of the Spirit Lake Nation, North
     Dakota about the emergency waiver of an
     environmental impact statement (EIS) under
     the Natipnal Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)
     granted by President Clinton to buiid an outlet
     to control the flooding of Spirit Lake.

 •    The opposition of the Native Coalition for
     Cultural Restoration of Mount Shasta to the
     building of a second ski resort on Mount
     Shasta, California, as well as the prevention
     of geothermal testing in the area of Medicine
     Lake Highlands, California.

 The subcommittee also heard presentations and
 reports  on  community-based environmental
'protection (CBEP) framework developed by EPA
 and the Arctic Marine Environmental Education
 Project of EPA's Office of International Activities
 (OIA).

 International Subcommittee

 The   deliberations   of   the   International
 Subcommittee focused on a review of the goals
 and mission of the subcommittee, and included
 an update on the formation of the subcommittee's
 South Africa Working Group.
ES-6
                                                 Durham, North Carolina, December 8 through 10, 1997

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 National Environmental Justice Advisory Council
                           Executive Summary
The subcommittee  heard reports  on  EPA's
international programs in South Africa and areas
along the border between the United States and
Mexico.

Public Participation and Accountability
Subcommittee

Much  of  the  deliberations  of  the  Public
Participation  and Accountability Subcommittee
focused on ways to improve public participation in
the activities of the NEJAC. Topics discussed
included the  planning of NEJAC site tours and
public   comment  periods  of  the  NEJAC,
development of a public participation  process,
identification of technical and other resources to
assist communities,  hosting a meeting of the-
NEJAC in  Puerto Rico, and  establishment of
requirements applicable at the state  level  for
public participation.

The subcommittee reviewed selected action items
from earlier  public  comment  periods of the
NEJAC and subcommittee meetings, as well as
minutes from an informal conference call held on
November  17, 1997.  The subcommittee also
discussed the need to incorporate revisions into
the NEJAC model plan for public participation,
planning  for  the  next  meeting   of  the
subcommittee,  and forming a work  group to
address issues in Puerto Rico and the Caribbean.

The subcommittee heard presentations on the
process and procedures for public participation at
the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC),
public   participation  in  the   designation  of
Superfund sites, risk assessments  and issues
related  to   public  participation,. and EPA's
framework for CBEP.

Waste and Facility Siting Subcommittee

The Waste  and  Facility  Siting Subcommittee
agreed  to  form  several  work groups  which
include:

•    Work Group on Risk Assessment to plan a
    roundtable meeting to facilitate discussions
    about  community  concerns   related  to
    cumulative  risk;  disease  clusters;  and
    cultural, economic, and behavioral issues that
 .   affect levels of exposure to risk.
 •   Work  Group  on   RCRA  to  address
    environmental justice  issues  specific to
   - permitting and siting facilities,  particularly
    waste transfer facilities under RCRA.

 •   Work  Group  on   Community   Impact
    Statements  (CIS) to  continue  examining
    issues related to the use of CISs.

 The subcommittee heard presentations.on EPA's
 national   Superfund   relocation  policy;  risk
 assessment   and   Superfund;  the   Dutch
 Boy/International  Harvester Site;  social siting
 criteria developed by EPA's Office of Solid Waste
 (OSW); issues related to Brownfields, CISs, and
 Superfund sites in Puerto Rico; issues related to
 waste transfer stations; and the environmental
 justice action agenda of EPA's  Office of Solid
 Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER).

              NEXT MEETING

 The next meeting of the  NEJAC is tentatively
 scheduled for May 31 through June 3,1998 in the
 San Francisco Bay  area, California.   Planned
 activities will include a site tour  of the local
 community and two opportunities for the  public to
 offer comment.   Exhibit  ES-4 identifies  the
 NEJAC's preferences for the dates and locations
 of other future meetings.
                                Exhibit ES-4
    FUTURE MEETINGS OF THE NEJAC

     June 1998       San Francisco Bay area,
                    California

     December 1998  Louisiana

     May 1999       New York or New Jersey

     December 1999  Chattanooga, Tennessee
 SUMMARY OF RESOLUTIONS APPROVED

This  section   summarizes   the   resolutions
discussed by the subcommittees and approved by
the Executive Council of the NEJAC:
Durham, North Carolina, Decembers through 10,1997
                                       ES-7

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 Executive Summary
    National Environmental Justice Advisory Council
 Jjesplution from the Enforcement
 Subcommittee
 'h,       •  •"    "I!ii'       •  "    '<     "
 Tjiis section presents a summary of the resolution
 forwarded by the Enforcement Subcommittee and
 approved by the Executive Council of the NEJAC.
  1      •  '      '-T!5       ,.'  . ,  : .','   '  :   .   .
 «   The members discussed a resolution in which
    the NEJAC requests that EPA develop policy
    to ensure that claims of violations under Title
    VI are addressed in  a timely manner and
    tracked publicly.

 Resolutions from  the Health and Research
 Subcommittee

 This  section  presents  a summary of  the
 resolutions  forwarded  by  the  Health   and
 Research Subcommittee  and  approved by the
 Executive Council of the NEJAC.

 •   The members discussed a resolution in which
    the  NEJAC  requests  that   the   EPA
    Administrator seek to expand funding for
    community-based  research and that the
    agency   document  existing   cases  of
    community-based research.

 •   The members discussed a resolution in which
    the NEJAC  requests that  EPA establish
    partnerships with various federal and tribal
    agencies to develop funding for research into
    the effects of mining on the health of Native
    American workers and communities.

 Resolutions from  the Indigenous Peoples
 Subcommittee

This  section  presents  a summary of  the
 resolutions forwarded by the Indigenous Peoples
 Subcommittee and approved by the Executive
 Council of the NEJAC.
 V:  ;:     	;   H :   •:  ,  • ;   ;,•-••   '
 •...  The members discussed a resolution in which
    the NEJAC urges EPA to advocate within the
    agency the requirement that a full EIS be
    conducted  for the proposed  inlet  at Spirit
    Lake, North Dakota, whether or not required
    by law, and that the agency advocate for a
    repeal of the enacted EIS emergency waiver.

•   The members discussed a resolution in which
    the NEJAC requests that EPA recommend to
    the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USAGE)
    that the EIS  developed for the proposed
    reservoir near Newport News, Virginia did not
    adequately include the social, economic, and
    cultural effects such a project would have on
    the Mattaponi Indian  Tribe  and that the
    USAGE conduct .a supplemental EIS  to
    include such considerations.
   . ;   •  '.•   ,i.;i.  . ,     •••••.•  	'   :."
 Resolutions from the International
 Subcommittee

 This  section  presents  a  summary of  the
 resolutions  forwarded  by  the   International
 Subcommittee and approved by the Executive
 Council of the NEJAC.   ,

 •   The members discussed a resolution in which
    the NEJAC joins the 50th Anniversary of the
    United Nations Declaration of Human Rights
    on December 10,1997, and calls on the U.S.
   , government to adhere to the letter and spirit
    of declaration to protect,  conserve,  and
    restore the environment, communities, and
    social, economic,  and democratic rights.

 *   The members discussed a resolution in which
    the NEJAC urges OIA, through its South
    African Environmental Justice Initiative, to
    highlight the importance of a  partnership
    between the NEJAC and the South African
    Environmental  Justice  Network  and  its
    affiliated community  groups,  as well as
    drawing on  the  expertise  of  the   U.S.
    environmental justice communities and their
    networks.

 Resolution from the Public Participation and
Accountability Subcommittee

This section presents a summary of the resolution
forwarded  by the  Public  Participation  and
Accountability Subcommittee and approved by
the Executive Council of the NEJAC.

•  The members discussed a resolution in which
   the NEJAC requests that EPA:

       Modify its public notice processes to
       provide early notification to communities
       of EPA's intention to develop a project

   -   Prepare public notices to notify and invite
       the participation of members of affected
       communities as  soon  as a proponent
       informs EPA of its intention to develop a
       project
ES-8
                                                 Durham, North Carolina, December 8 through 10, 1997

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 National Environmental Justice Advisory Council    	'    	    \   Executive Summary


        Make accessible to the public not only
        documents such as letters, reports,  and                                 .
        files, but also  share  its expertise with
        communities to help  them  understand
        technical issues         -      .      ,

        Invite representatives of low-income  and                             -    ,
        minority communities  to  participate in                         '
        meetings with proponents of projects           •    .    .    '   :;

        Provide to affected  communities  the
        same forum for open discussions that is
        provided to proponents of projects and                   .  •  '
        encourage the  early involvement of the
        public   in   EPA's   decision-making     ,
        procedures to ensure that individuals  can
        participate in decisions  affecting their ,
        communities                    ,'••••..                              ,

 Resolutions from the Waste and Facility Siting
 Subcommittee
                          '                                       '                    9»r
 This  section  presents  a  summary  of  the
 resolutions forwarded by the Waste and. Facility
 Siting  Subcommittee  and approved  by  the
 Executive Council of the NEJAC.                                                    •

 •   The members of the subcommittee discussed
    a resolution in which the NEJAC requests that
    EPA provide to the subcommittee a status
    report on actual and potential NPL sites in
    Puerto Rico.  The resolution  specifically
    requests that the report include schedules,                             '
    timetables,  and  goals for the expedited
    cleanup of the NPL sites.                                       .     .

•   The members of the subcommittee discussed                                  .        .
    a resolution in which the NEJAC requests that
    EPA  actively  pursue  the integration   of
    environmental justice components  into  the
    activities of all program and media offices of
    the  agency and into  the  efforts  of  other
    federal agencies.                                                                •
Durham, North Carolina, Decembers through 10,1997                                              ES-9

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