United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Policy, Planning,
And Evaluation
(2163)
EPA 230-R-93-003
August 1993
4>EPA
A Guide To Selected National
Environmental Statistics
In The U. S. Government
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Printed on Recycled Paper
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A Guide To
Selected National Environmental Statistics
In the U.S. Government
August 1993
&EPA
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation
Environmental Statistics and Information Division
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
A Guide to Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S.
Government (1993) has been prepared by members of the Environmental
Statistics and Information Division (ESID) in the Office of Policy, Planning and
Evaluation of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
This publication is the product of contributions by many individuals, both
inside and outside the federal government. ESID wishes especially to thank the
many government statisticians and analysts who provided information,
documents, and advice. Appreciation also goes to members of an ad hoc advisory
review committee composed of members from both government and outside
agencies, who reviewed the selections and provided input on statistical
programs, and to those contractors who helped to produce this final product.
Without the cooperation of these many people, this project would not
have been possible. However, because ESID has been selective in coverage and
content, it is solely responsible for errors or omissions.
Page ii
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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FOREWORD
I am proud to report that the document you are now holding - A Guide to
Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government - has been
rated as "the best source of information on national level environmental data" in
the United States (Coleman, E.J. & R.A. Morse, DATA - Where It Is and How To
Get It: The 1993 Directory of Business Environment and Energy Source Data, p.
186).
Now in its second edition, the Guide provides a comprehensive review of
government programs that generate environmental and environmentally-related
statistics. It describes how the data are collected, what their temporal and
geographic coverage is, what experts to contact for more information, and how to
acquire the data and the reports that interpret them. In addition, electronic PC and
online versions of the Guide provide quick access to many tables, graphs, and
maps of selected summary environmental statistics. These statistics provide
insight into national environmental conditions and trends.
I think you will find this Guide a useful tool, whether you are a policy
analyst researching environmental information for decision-making, an industry
representative seeking business-relevant environmental data, or a student
preparing a term paper on the state of the U.S. environment. The next time you
ask the question "Who in the U.S. government collects data on air quality and
what are the trends?" the identity of the source of this information will be right at
your fingertips. Similarly, if you want information on water quality, solid or
hazardous waste, land use, forest fires, contaminants in fish and wildlife,
recreational trails, or any of a wide range of environmental topics, the Guide will
tell you where to write or call.
I particularly want to thank all of the government agencies that worked
with our Environmental Statistics and Information Division to produce the
Guide. We will continue working with these agencies to keep the Guide
up-to-date and to provide coverage of new and evolving environmental
programs.
I welcome your comments and suggestions on the Guide. We want to
retain "the best" rating and provide a product that fulfills your needs for
environmental information sources. Let me know how we're doing.
_
irdl M. Browner^ Administrator
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
August 1993
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Statistical Programs
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ii
FOREWORD iii
INTRODUCTION vii
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Economic Research Service
Major Uses of Land in the United States 1
Soil Conservation Service
National Resources Inventory 3
U.S. Forest Service
Forest Insect and Disease Conditions in the United States 4
Forest Inventory and Analysis 5
Forest Service Range Management Information System 7
Land Areas of the National Forest System 8
Recreation Information Management System 9
Tree Planting in the United States 10
Wildland Fire Statistics n
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Bureau of the Census
Farm and Ranch Irrigation Survey 12
Annual Surveys of Government Finances and Government
Employment 13
Decennial Census of Population 15
National and Subnational Population Estimates and National and State
Population Projections ,....,.... 17
Survey of Pollution Abatement Costs and Expenditures 19
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Benthic Surveillance Project 20
Biological Effects Surveys and Research 22
Classified Shellfishing Waters 24
Fisheries Statistics Program 26
Living Marine Resources 27
Mussel Watch Project , 29
National Climatic Data Center 31
National Coastal Pollutant Discharge Inventory Program , 32
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
Argonne National Laboratory
Month and State Current Emissions Trends 34
Energy Information Administration
National Energy Information Center 35
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center 36
Integrated Data Base Program 38
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DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
National Center for Health Statistics
Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 39
DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR
Bureau of Land Management
Public Lands Statistics 41
Range Site Inventory 42
Timber Sale Information System 43
Bureau of Mines
Minerals Information Program 44
National Park Service
Master Deed Listing 46
National Park Service Gaseous Pollutant Monitoring Network 47
National Park Service Visibility Monitoring Network 48
National Recreational Trails, Long-Distance Trail Management, and
National Trail Inventory and Plan 49
National Wild and Scenic Rivers System 51
Public Use Analysis and Reporting Program 52
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program 53
National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation 55
National Wetlands Inventory 57
North American Breeding Bird Survey 60
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Lands 61
Waterfowl Breeding Population and Habitat Survey 62
U.S. Geological Survey
National Hydrologic Bench-Mark Network Program 63
National Land Use and Land Cover Mapping Program 65
National Stream Quality Accounting Network 66
National Trends Network/National Acid Deposition Program 68
National Water Conditions Reporting System 70
National Water Use Information Program 72
Water Resources Assessment Program 74
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Highway Administration
Highway Statistics 75
Research and Special Programs Administration
National Transportation Statistics 77
U.S. Coast Guard
Marine Pollution Retrieval System 78
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
National Air Pollution Control Program 79
Office of Ecological Processes and Effects Research
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program, Long-Term
Monitoring Project 80
National Surface Water Survey , 81
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability
Information System 83
Quids To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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Office of Radiation Programs
Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System 84
Office of Solid Waste
Hazardous Waste Survey 85
Non-Hazardous Waste Survey 86
Office of Toxic Substances
Toxics Release Inventory , 87
INDICES
DATABASE INDEX 88
KEY WORD INDEX 90
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INTRODUCTION
At a time when management of natural resources and protection of environmental
quality is high on the national agenda, access to relevant environmental statistics is essential. This
document - A Guide to Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
(Guide) - responds to the need to help analysts, decision makers, researchers, students, and others
obtain policy-relevant environmental statistics and publications and locate experts who are
knowledgeable about the data.
TheGuide.isareferencetoselected,frequentlysought-after,national-level,time-series
environmental statistics that are compiled and distributed by the U.S. government on a regular
basis. As a starting point, it is a directory to various environmental statistical programs and the
data they collect, but is not intended to supplant information that can be obtained directly from the
government agencies.
This is the second edition of the Guide and the prototype of an evolving sourcebook that
will continue to be updated and expanded over time. One-time-only statistical surveys and
regional statistical programs that do not represent the "national" picture were not included in this
issue.
The statistical programs in the Guide are arranged by government department, agency,
and program title. Each entry contains information about a separate statistical program (e.g.,
program purpose, data coverage and collection methods, geographic coverage, agency contacts^
pertinentpublications, and database access options). Information in the records was prepared and
provided by government agencies in response to a questionnaire. The Guide also contains an
index of over 150 key words and phrases that can be used to locate desired programs.
Statistical coverage in the Guide includes data related to the state-of-the-environment
(e.g., air and water quality, status of biotic resources),pressures on the environment (e.g., energy
use, mining, transportation, etc.), human health and welfare issues (e.g., exposure to toxic
chemicals), and societal responses to environmental problems (e.g., pollution abatement
expenditures, cleanup of toxic wastes, etc.).
In the future, this Guide initiative may be expanded to include spatial environmental
data, more information on international, transnational, and global environmental data, and
additional references to important health, ecological, and economic impacts. Environmental
statistics gathered by other sources - state and local governmental organizations,
non-governmental organizations,research institutions, corporations, and national associations -
may also be developed. If possible, future editions will more clearly document the quality,
completeness, and limitations of the data.
In addition to the hardcopy version, the Guide is available in an electronic version that
can be viewed on an IBM-compatible personal computer with 640K of memory, DOS 3.0 or
higher, and an EGA or VGA monitor. Eitherversion ofthe Guide can be used by starting with th*
Table of Contents or with the Index of Key Words. Statistical programs are listed by agency and
title in the Table of Contents. For example, to find out about air quality statistics collected by
EPA, use the Table of Contents to find "EPA, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards," and
then "National Air Pollution Control Program." However, to find statistics on carbon monoxide,
search the Index of Key Words for carbon monoxide. One may also start a search by consulting
the Index of Data Bases. Any of these actions will lead to the appropriate program or programs.
In addition, the User's Guide for the electronic version explains how to conduct a customized
search on any word or group of words in the Guide.
Guide to Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
Page vii
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Comments on the Guide and suggestions for expanding the coverage of the Guide in
future editions are welcomed. If you would like to place an order for the electronic version or for
additional hard copies of the Guide, please contact:
Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation
Environmental Statistics and Information Division
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (PM-222-B)
401M Street, S.W.
Washington, DC 20460
Telephone: (202) 260-2680
Page viii
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Major Uses of Land in the United States
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Major Uses of Land in the United States
OFFICE:
Economic Research Service
Resource and Technology Division
Land and Capital Assets Branch
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
For more than fifty years, the Economic Research Service
and its predecessor agencies have estimated acreages and
maintained an inventory of the major uses of land in the
United States at intervals coinciding with the Census of
Agriculture.
DATA COVERAGE:
Estimates are made for major land use classes: cropland;
grassland pasture and range; forest land; special use; and
unclassified use. Each major class is further classified by
specified uses and some by ownership. Land uses are also
designated as agricultural and nonagricultural.
Agricultural land uses include: cropland (cropland
harvested, cropland failure, cultivated summer fallow,
and idle cropland); grazing lands (cropland pasture and
permanent pasture and range); grazed forest land; and
miscellaneous agricultural uses (farmsteads, farm roads,
and farm lanes).
Special land uses include: forest land not grazed;
intensive uses (highways and roads, railroads, and
airports); and extensive uses (national parks, state parks,
wilderness areas, federal wildlife areas, state wildlife
areas, national defense areas, and federal industrial
facilities). Unclassified other land uses include: urban and
otherspecialusesnotinventoriedandothermiscellaneous
areas such as marshes, open swamps, bare rock areas,
deserts, and tundra. Data are analyzed for trends.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Data from the Bureau of the Census, agencies of the
Department of Agriculture, public land management and
conservation organizations, and other sources are
assembled, analyzed, and synthesized to estimate state,
regional, and national land use acreages. Barnard and
Hexem (1988) describe how the statistical series on
acreages of cropland and other land in the United States
are constructed and used; they also identify sources of
current and historical data and information used in
constructing the series.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
The major uses of land are inventoried every five years
coinciding with years in which the Census of Agriculture
is completed. The inventories generally have been
comparable in format and coverage since 1945. The series
on "cropland used for crops" dates back to 1909.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
All 50 states.
CONTACTS:
Arthur B. Daugherty
Agricultural Economist
Economic Research Service
U.S. Department of Agriculture
1301 New York Ave., NW, Room 408
Washington, DC 20005-4788
Phone: (202) 219-0424
Ken Krupa
Agricultural Economist
Economic Research Service
U.S. Department of Agriculture
1301 New York Ave., NW Room 408
Washington, DC 20005-4788
Phone: (202) 219-0424
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contacts.
PUBLICATIONS:
Barnard, C.H. and R.W. Hexem. 1988. Major Statistical
Series of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Vol. 6:
Land values and land use. Agricultural Handbook
No. 671. Washington, DC: Resources and
Technology Division, Economic Research Service,
U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Daugherty, A.B. 1991. Major Uses of Land in the United
States: 1987. Agricultural Economic Report (AER)
No. 643. Washington, DC: Resources and
Technology Division, Economic Research Service,
U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Frey, H.T. and R.W. Hexem. 1985. Major Uses of Land in
the United States: 1982. Agricultural Economic
Report (AER) No. 535. Washington, DC: Resources
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August 1993
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DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Major Uses of Land In the United States
and Technology Division, Economic Research
Services. U.S. Department of Agriculture
DATABASE(S):
Major Land Uses Database (MLU) #89003
The MLU database contains state, regional, and
national estimates of 15 major land use classes for
Census of Agriculture years between 1945 and
1987. The MLU database is available on one 5.25"
diskette in LOTUS 1-2-3 (Release 2) for $25. It is
also available on magnetic medium.
For information, contact:
ERS-NASS
341 Victory Drive
Hcrndon,VA 22070
Phone: (800) 999-6779
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DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
National Resources Inventory
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
National Resources Inventory
OFFICE:
Soil Conservation Service
Resources Inventory Division
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
For 50 years, the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) has
been conducting periodic inventories of the nation's soil,
water, and related resources. The National Resources
Inventory (NRI), which is an extension and modification
of earlier inventories, provides data on the status,
condition, and trends of these resources of nonfederal land
in the United States.
DATA COVERAGE:
The many types of data collected by the NRI process are
organized into eight general categories: soil
characteristics and interpretations (including agricultural
land capability); land cover; land use (including irrigated
and non-irrigated cropland, grazed and ungrazed forest
land, prime farmland, etc.); erosion (such as sheet and rill,
wind, and ephemeral gullies); land treatment (such as
irrigation, tillage, and windbreaks); conservation
treatment needs; vegetative conditions (such as wetlands,
rangeland condition and species, and pasture
management); and potential for conversion to cropland.
COLLECTION METHODS:
The NRI is a multi-resource inventory based on soils and
related resource data collected at scientifically selected
random sample sites. The NRI sample design was
developed by the Iowa State University (ISU) Statistical
Laboratory at Ames. It uses census area and point
methods for data collection. Data collection involves both
field investigation and remote sensing (photo-
interpretation).
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data are collected on a five-year cycle. Recent surveys
were conducted in 1977,1982,1987, and 1992.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
The 1992 and 1982 NRI data were collected from nearly
one million sample sites from all counties of the United
States except those in Alaska, and in Puerto Rico and the
Virgin Islands. The 1987 data were collected from
300,000 such sites. The 1992 and 1982 NRI data have
high degrees of reliability at the multi-county level and
the 1987 provides a high degree of reliability at the state
level. Data estimates can be made by Major Land
Resources Areas; SCS Administrative Areas; Water
Resources Council Aggregated Subareas; and other
multi-county geographic subdivisions.
CONTACT:
JeffGoebel
Resources Inventory and Geographic Information
Systems Division
Soil Conservation Service
U.S. Department of Agriculture
P.O. Box 2890
South Agricultural Building, Room 6175
Washington, DC 20013
Phone: (202) 720-4530
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service.
1984. Basic Statistics 1977 National Resources
Inventory. Statistical BulletinNo. 686. Washington,
DC: Department of Agriculture, SCS/ISU.
. 1987. Basic Statistics 1982 National Resources
Inventory. Statistical BulletinNo. 756. Washington,
DC: Department of Agriculture, SCS/ISU.
. 1989. Summary Report 1987 National Resource
Inventory. Statistical BulletinNo. 790. Washington,
DC: Department of Agriculture, SCS/ISU.
DATABASE(S):
National Resources Inventory Database
The database contains 1977, 1982 and 1987
National Resources Inventory data sets. The 1992
data are currently being analyzed.
For more information contact:
Iowa State University Computation Center
Ames, IA 50010
Phone: (515) 294-3402
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Forest Insect and Disease Conditions in the United States
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Forest Insect and Disease Conditions in the United States
OFFICE:
U.S. Forest Service
Forest Pest Management
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
TheForcstPestManagementofficeshavebeen collecting
data on insect and disease conditions on forest lands of all
ownerships since 1952.
DATA COVERAGE:
Data are collected on federal, state, and private forest
lands in the United States. Data are analyzed for type of
insect/disease damage (e.g., pine beetle, gypsy moth,
spruce budworm, dwarf mistletoe, root diseases, etc.),
size of area affected, and dollars lost by region and
ownership. Trend data are available.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Much of the data is collected in special aerial and ground
surveys which record short-term changes in pest activity.
The information supplements tree mortality information
gathered in periodic forest resource inventories done by
the Forest Service.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data arc collected yearly.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Entire United States.
CONTACT:
Thomas H. Hofacker, Entomologist
U.S. Forest Service, 204 RPD
U.S. Department of Agriculture
P.O. Box 96090
Washington, DC 20090-6090
Phone:(202)205-1600
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 1992. Forest
Insect and Disease Conditions in the United States,
1991 (and earlier reports in the series). Washington,
DC.
. 1985. Insect and Disease Conditions in the United
States, 1979 to 1983. Washington, DC.
DATABASE(S):
Maintained by Forest Pest Management offices
nationwide.
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DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Forest Inventory and Analysis
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Forest Inventory and Analysis
OFFICE:
U.S. Forest Service
Forest Inventory, Economics, and Recreation Research
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program is
responsible for making and keeping current a
comprehensive inventory and analysis of the renewable
forest and rangeland resources of the United States. Initial
inventory efforts began in the West in 1930 and, by the
1960's, inventories were completed for all of the 48
conterminous states and many of the important forested
states had been re-inventoried. The inventory data and
analysis provide trend information on the extent,
condition, ownership, and composition of the nation's
forests as well as information about wildlife habitat,
forage production, and other resource characteristics
needed for resource planning.
DATA COVERAGE:
At least 43 kinds of resource data are collected for sample
plots during the inventory, including land use, land
ownership, forest type, stand age, stand size and volume
classes, harvest history, soils data, tree data (species,
diameter at breast height, height, cull, etc.), other
vegetation data, and non-timber data. These data are used
to make estimates of forest land area, species
composition, timber volume, and net annual timber
growth, removals, and mortality by forest type, state,
region, ownership, softwood and hardwood sawtimber
species, productivity class, diameter class, and other
classifications. The volume of roundwood products
harvested by material, species group, region, and product
are estimated. Estimates also are made of areas harvested
or otherwise disturbed, regenerated to forest, or cleared
for other use. Additional estimates of recreation use,
wildlife values, site productivity, physiographic
characteristics, and other items are made.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Data are gathered using a two-phase sampling design,
with the first phase involving the interpretation of aerial
photography and the second phase involving ground
measurements at sample plots, each covering one acre.
Depending upon the extent to which remote sensing is
used, ground sample intensity ranges from one plot per
3,000 acres to one plot per 10,000 acres. Methodologies
are generally described in the various publications listed
below.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Statewide timber inventory information has been
collected continuously for aboutSO years. In most regions
of the United States, the third inventory cycle has been
completed and some areas have been inventoried as many
as five times. Each year, some 50 million acres are
inventoried in the conterminous United States. Currently,
this rate of coverage translates into an inventory cycle of
12 years for the nation.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Entire United States and Puerto Rico.
CONTACT:
James T. Bones
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Forest Service
P.O. Box 96090
Washington, DC 20090-6090
Phone: (202) 205-1343
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 1993. Forest
Statistics of the United States, 1992 (Prepublication
draft). Washington, DC: Forest Inventory,
Economics and Recreation Research.
. 1990. The Forest Biomass Resource of the United
States. General Tech. Report WO-57. Washington,
DC: Forest Inventory, Economics and Recreation
Research.
. 1987. Forest Service Resource Inventory: An Over-
view. Washington, DC: Forest Inventory and Eco-
nomics Research.
Waddell, K.L., D.D. Oswald, and D.S. Powell. 1989.
Foreststatistics of the United States, 1987. Resource
Bulletin PNW-RB-168. Portland, OR: Department
of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest
Research Station.
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Forest Inventory and Analysis
DATABASE(S):
NationalRcsourcesPlanningAct(RPA)TimberDatabase
Thisdatabaseprovidessampleplotlevelstatisticsas
described under Data Coverage. Public access is via
data tape or direct linkage.
Eastwide Forest Inventory Database
This database provides county level, sample plot
level, and tree level statistics as described under
Data Coverage. Public access is via data tape or
direct linkage.
Forest Inventory and Analysis
This database provides individual project databases
of county level, sample plot level, and tree level
statistics as described under Data Coverage. Seven
databases are maintained by individual inventory
projects. Public access is via data tape or direct
linkage.
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DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Forest Service Range Management Information System
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Forest Service Range Management Information System
OFFICE:
U.S. Forest Service
Range Management Staff
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The Forest Service Range Management Information
System (FSRAMIS) collects and analyzes data on grazing
in National Forests and National Grasslands.
DATA COVERAGE:
FSRAMIS provides grazing use statistical data on the
number of grazing animals (cattle, horses and burros,
sheep and goats), animal unit month, and number of
permittees at the national level and for each type of Forest
Service land (National Forests, National Grasslands),
region, and state. Other variables measured include:
allotmentcondition;improvementinventoryandactivity;
grazing capacity; actual use; authorized use; and
unauthorized use. Data are analyzed for trends in
ecological potential.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Data on grazing on the National Forest System lands are
extracted from the grazing permits. Data on free-roaming
horse and burro populations are estimated by census.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data are collected on cycles ranging from annual to once
every 3-5 years.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
National Forest System lands throughout the United
States.
CONTACT:
Robert M. Williamson, Director
Range Management Staff
U.S. Forest Service
Department of Agriculture
P.O. Box 96090
Washington, DC 20090-6090
Phone: (202) 205-1460
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
DepartmentofAgriculture,ForestService.l990. Grazing
Statistical Summary. Washington, DC.
. Administration of the Wild Free-Roaming Horse and
Burro Act - Report to Congress. Biennial Report in
cooperation with U.S. Department of the Interior,
Bureau of Land Management. Washington, DC.
DATABASE(S):
Forest Service Range Management Information System
(FSRAMIS)
FSRAMIS contains three types of information. The
first, allotment, is production potential, acreages,
analysis, and geographic identification data. The
second, improvement, includes cost, status,
maintenance, condition, and geographic
identification. The third, permits, includes
permittee, livestock grazing, and other use
information for permitted, authorized, and actual
use.
GuideTo Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1933
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DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Land Areas of the National Forest Service
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Land Areas of the National Forest System
OFFICE:
U.S. Forest Service
Lands Staff
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The Lands Staff collects data on the extent and
characteristics of forest, range, and related lands within
the National Forest System.
DATA COVERAGE:
Data are available on the number of units and acreages of
National Forest, Purchase Units, National Grasslands,
Land Utilization Project Areas, Experimental Forest
Areas, Experimental Range Areas, designated
Experimental Areas, Wilderness Areas, Primitive Areas,
National Scenic Research Areas, National Wild and
ScenicRiversAreas,NationalRecreationAreas,National
GameRefuges,NationalMonumentAreas,andotherland
areas, water areas, and interests in land that are
administered by theNational Forest System ordesignated
for administration through the National Forest System for
Forest Service regions, state and county, and
congressional districts.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Gross and net areas are generated by survey and map
compilation. Other data are generated by census and
inventory.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Statistics are updated annually. Some data are available
from 1891 to present.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
All fifty states (containing National Forest System
Lands), Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands.
CONTACT:
Philip S. Dunning, Computer/Program Analyst
U.S. Forest Service
Department of Agriculture
P.O. Box 96090
Washington, DC 20090-6090
Phone:(202)205-0843
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Land Areas of
the National Forest System (annual). Washington,
DC.
DATABASE(S):
Land Ownership Status (LOS)
The LOS contains data on ownership, partial
interests, encumbrances, and use restrictions. Data
are geographically located by administrative forest,
proclaimed National Forest, state, county, ranger
district, congressional district, principal meridian,
township, range, and by map quad and tract number
for colonial metes and bounds areas.
Pages
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Recreation Information Management System
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Recreation Information Management System
OFFICE:
U.S. Forest Service
Recreation, Cultural Resources and Wilderness
Management Staff
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The Recreation Information Management (RIM) System
collects information on the use, condition, and facilities of
recreation sites within the over 191 million acres of the
National Forest System.
DATA COVERAGE:
The following statistics are available by state, region, and
fiscal year: recreation visitor days by type of activity (e.g.
camping, hiking, winter sports, hunting, fishing, and
non-consumptive wildlife use); number of sites and
capacity by kind of site (e.g. boating, campgrounds,
skiing); recreation trail mileage by primary management
objective (motorized or non-motorized); and service
level (standard or less than standard) for various types of
trails (e.g. wilderness, National Recreation Trails,
National Scenic Trails, National Historic Trails). In
addition, a national recreation directory is maintained
that provides information on campground location, size,
elevation, number of various types of units, and
facilities.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Data are extracted from user and entrance fee receipts and
non-fee visitation counts for lands and waters
administered by the Forest Service.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Statistics are updated annually at the end of the fiscal year.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
All Forest Service owned land (over 191 million acres) in
the continental United States, Alaska, and Puerto Rico.
CONTACT:
Robert M. Cron
Recreation, Cultural Resources and Wilderness
Management Staff - Fourth Floor Central
U.S.D.A. Forest Service
P.O. Box 96090
Washington, DC 20090-6090
Phone: (202) 205-1408
FOR PUBLIC INQUnilES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service.
Federal Recreation Fee Report, including Federal
Recreation Visitation and Fee Data (annual). A
Report to the Congress. Washington, DC.
DATABASE(S):
The RIM System (See Summary Program Description
and Data Coverage).
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Tree Planting In the United States
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Tree Planting in the United States
OFFICE:
U.S. Forest Service
State and Private Forestry (Cooperative Forestry)
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The program consists of a national summary of tree
planting in the United States.
DATA COVERAGE:
The Forest Service compiles data on the following: the
number of tree seedlings planted or seeded; acres of tree
planting(includingacresseededandacresofwindbarriers
planted); acres of timber stand improvement; and
production of tree planting stock (including seedlings
produced for windbarrier stock). Data are categorized by
state and by ownership categories (federal, state, other
public, industrial, or nonindustrial private).
COLLECTION METHODS:
Data are reported to the Forest Service by state forestry
agencies, territories, and other federal agencies.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data arc collected yearly.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
United States and territories.
CONTACT:
Robert D. Mangold
Nursery and Tree Improvement Specialist
U.S. Forest Service
P.O. Box 96090
Washington, DC 20090-6090
Phone:(202)205-1379
FOR PUBLIC ENQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 1993.
Tree Planting in the United States -1992 (and earlier
reports in this series). Washington, DC.
DATABASE(S):
The data presented in the forest planting report come from
many sources. Tabular data are available upon request.
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DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Wildland Fire Statistics
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Wildland Fire Statistics
OFFICE:
U.S. Forest Service
Fire and Aviatibn Management Staff
SimiMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The Fire and Aviation Management Staff collects data on
wildland fires on public and private lands throughout the
United States. They also make available the year-to-date
data collected by the Boise Interagency Fire Center.
DATA COVERAGE:
Data include: year-to-date and annual figures fornumber
of wildland fires and acres burned on public and private
lands. Origin of fires (lightning, human, etc.) is available
for Forest Service lands only. Trend data are available.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Actual counts of the number of wildfires and acres of
forest land burned.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data are collected daily by the Boise Interagency Fire
Center and yearly by the Fire and Aviation Staff.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Entire United States.
CONTACT:
Judith Leraas
National Fire Prevention Officer
U.S. Forest Service
P.O. Box 96090
Washington, DC 20090-6090
Phone: (202) 205-1498
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. National
Forest Fire Report (annual). Washington, DC.
, Fire and Aviation Management Staff. 1992.
1984-1990 Forest Fire Statistics. Washington, DC.
DATABASE(S):
National Forest Fire Report Database
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.August 1993
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Farm and Ranch Irrigation Survey
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Farm and Ranch Irrigation Survey
OFFICE:
Bureau of the Census
Agriculture Division
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The Farm and Ranch Irrigation Survey is conducted on a
sample of the farms and ranches reporting irrigation in the
Census of Agriculture to provide detailed data relating to
on-farm irrigation practices.
DATA COVERAGE:
The survey generates statistics on: total acres of farm and
ranch land irrigated; acres irrigated by category of land
use; acres and yield of irrigated and nonirrigated crops;
quantity of water applied; method of application to
selected crops; acres irrigated and quantity of water used
by source; acres irrigated by type of water distribution
systems; and number of irrigation wells and pumps.
Alsorcportedareirrigationexpendituresformaintenance
andrepairofirrigation equipment and facilities; purchase
of energy for on-farm pumping of irrigation water;
investment in irrigation equipment, facilities, and land
improvement; and cost of water received from off-farm
water suppliers.
Additional information is provided on the number of
irrigated farms; depth and pumping capacity of wells
used; the number of pumps and quantity of energy used in
irrigation; application of chemicals inirrigation; timingof
irrigation; and crop yields from irrigated farms.
COLLECTION METHODS:
The survey is a probability sample of all irrigated farms
and ranches identified in the Census of Agriculture,
except farms in Alaska and Hawaii, horticultural
speciality farms, and abnormal farms. The survey is
conducted by questionnaire. Two types of statistical
estimation procedures are used to account for selection of
survey sample and for nonresponse to the questionnaire.
Methodologies are more generally described in the
publications listed below.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Farm and Ranch Irrigation Surveys were conducted in
1979,1984, and 1988. The next survey is scheduled for
1993. Selected irrigation data for on-farm irrigation have
been collected in the Census of Agriculture since 1890.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Estimates are made for the 27 leading irrigation states, 18
water resource areas, and the entire conterminous United
States.
CONTACT:
Dave Peterson
Special Surveys Branch, Agriculture Division
Bureau of the Census
Room 436, Iverson Mall
Washington, DC 20233
Phone: (301) 763-8260
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
Public Information Office
Phone: (301) 763-1113
PUBLICATIONS:
Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. Farm
andRanch!rrigationSurvey(1979),(1984),(1988).
Washington, DC.
DATABASE(S):
Farm and Ranch Irrigation Survey
Data are available on flexible diskettes, computer
tapes, compact disk read-only memory
(CD-ROM), and online access.
For information on these services and published
reports, contact Data User Services Division,
Customer Services, Bureau of the Census,
Washington, DC 20233 or call (301) 763-4100.
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Annual Surveya of Government Finances and Government Employment
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Annual Surveys of Government Finances and Government Employment
OFFICE:
Bureau of the Census
Governments Division
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
These parallel surveys of state and local government
finances and employment cover all aspects of state and
local government activities and contain detailed data for
some specific activities that relate to the environment.
DATA COVERAGE:
The finance survey variables include: functions and
servicessuchas health, sanitation, environmental services
(natural resources, parks and recreation, sewerage, and
solid waste management), housing and community
development, and water utilities; character and object
items such as current operations, construction and land
and equipment; and revenue items.
The employment survey variables are: employees -
full-time, part-time, and full-time equivalent; payroll;
and functions that are the same as those described under
the finance survey.
The finance survey produces detailed data for
expenditures for both current operations and capital
outlay. The employment survey contains data for these
same functions, showing number of employees and
monthly payroll.
Both the finance and employment surveys are designed
primarily to generate data on the total activity of state and
local governments. This provides analysts with the ability
to determine the relationships among the various
functions of government - for example, comparing
education orpoliceexpenditureswithsewerageoutlays or
the percentage that any specific function is of the total.
Trend data for both series are available in national
summations that go back to the early 1950s for
employment and early 1900s for finance data. Individual
government data for the largest units of government
(cities greater than 50,000 population, counties greater
than 100,000 population, and all the state governments)
follow relatively consistent patterns for about the past 30
years.
COLLECTION METHODS:
The sample is the same for both surveys. It is a stratified
random sample of local governments in the United States.
Units include: all state governments; all county
governments with a population of 50,000 or more; all
municipalities with a population of 25,000 or more; and
other units of local government that meet specified
financial or functional criteria. Estimates of major U.S.
totals, such as total revenue or total expenditures, are
subject to a computed sampling variability of less than
one-half of one percent. Other local government totals,
such as functional expenditures, are generally subject to
sampling variability of less than one percent.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Surveys are conducted annually.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
The data are aggregated to national totals and to totals for
each of the fifty states and the District of Columbia. The
surveys also publish data for large individual
governments such as county governments (population
greater than 100,000), municipal governments
(populations greater than 75,000), and each of the state
governments.
CONTACT:
Gerald T. Keffer, Chief
Finance and Taxation Branch, Governments Division
U.S. Bureau of the Census
Washington, DC 20233
Phone: (301) 763-5356
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
Concerningpurchaseoftapes,microficheorpublications,
call or write:
Customer Services
Data User Services Division
U.S. Bureau of the Census
Washington, DC 20233
Phone: (301) 763-4100
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Annual Surveys of Government Finances and Government Employment
PUBLICATIONS:
Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. State
Government Finances. (Annual).
. City Government Finances, (annual).
. Government Finances, (annual).
. County Government Finances, (annual).
. Public Employment, (annual).
. City Employment, (annual).
. County Government Employment, (annual).
DATABASEฎ:
Annual Survey of Government Finance
File A is a data file for a sample of approximately
35,000 individual units of government containing
revenue, expenditures, debt, and assets for eachunit.
File B is a data file for U.S. and state area
aggregations. The totals of each state area are
divided into eight different records (state and local
summation, state government only, local
government summation, county government
summation, municipal government summation,
township government summation, special district
government summation, and school district
summation). This file contains 416 records.
Annual Survey of Government Employment
This is a single data file for a sample of
approximately 23,000 individual unite of
government containing employment and payroll
data for the month of October. (Note: The samples
for the Annual Finance and Annual Employment
Surveys are the same. The difference in the counts
between Finance File A and the Employment File is
that the former includes additional units in states
where it was possible to obtain universe data
annually instead of relying on the sample.)
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Decennial Census of Population
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Decennial Census of Population
OFFICE:
Bureau of the Census
Population Division
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The decennial census provides a comprehensive set of
population statistics for the United States. Basic
demographic characteristics are collected on a
100-percent basis. Social and economic characteristics
are collected from a large sample of all households and
persons in group quarters.
DATA COVERAGE:
The decennial census provides demographic (e.g., age,
race, sex, relationship, Hispanic origin), social (e.g.,
education, migration, ancestry, language), and economic
(e.g., occupation, industry, income, place of work)
characteristics of the population of the United States,
Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa,
the Northern Marianas, and Palau. Trend data are
available from previous decennial censuses.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Basic demographic data are collected from 100-percent
of the population. Social and economic characteristics are
collected from a large sample - approximately one-in-six
in 1980 and 1990.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Decennial.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
The fifty states, the District of Columbia, and substate
areas such as counties, county subdivisions, cities, towns,
villages, and census tracts. Also covers Puerto Rico, the
Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Northern
Marianas, and Palau.
CONTACT:
Philip N. Fulton
Assistant Division Chief for Census Programs
Population Division, U.S. Bureau of the Census
Washington, DC 20233
Phone: (301) 763-7890
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
The results of the Census of Population are issued in
various forms; printed reports, computer tape files,
CD-ROM, and microfiche. Computer tape files are
designed to provide statistics with greater detail than is
feasible or desirable to provide in printed and microfiche
reports. Many computer tape files also are released on
CD-ROM. The following is a brief summary of 1990
census data releases:
P.L. 94-171, Population Counts - In accordance with
Public Law (P.L.) 94-171, the Census Bureau has
provided population tabulations to all states for
legislative reapportionment/redistricting.
Summary Tape Files (STFs) 1A, IB, and 1C, and 2A, 2B,
and 2C - Complete count population and housing
data summarized for a wide range of census
geography (United States, metropolitan areas,
urbanized areas, American Indian and Alaska
Native areas, states, county subdivisions, places,
census tracts, block numbering areas, block groups,
and block).
Summary Tape Files (STFs) 3A and 3C - Sample
population and housing data summarized for a wide
range of census geography (as shown above but
excluding blocks).
Census/Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) Special
File - Sample census data to support affirmative
action planning.
Summary Population and Housing Characteristics
(CPH-1) reports - Complete count population and
housing data derived from STF 1.
Summary Social, Economic, and HousingCharacteristics
(CPH-5) reports - Sample population and housing
data for local governments, including American
Indian and Alaska Native areas.
General Population Characteristics (CP-1) reports -
Detailed statistics on age, sex, race, and/or Hispanic
origin, marital status and household relationship
presente2 for states, counties, places of 1,000 or
more inhabitants, etc.
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
Page 15
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Decennial Census of Population
The Census Bureau is in the process of releasing STF 313
(databyZIPCode)andSTF4(detailedsamplepopulation
and housing characteristics), and STFs ID and s3D
(population and housing data for Congressional Districts
of the 103rd Congress) as well as Public Use Microdata
Sample (PUMS) tape files. Numerous additional repoit
scries arc in preparation. All products are expected to be
released by October 1993.
Customized special tabulations of census data may be
obtained on a cost reimbursable basis.
DATABASE^):
CENDATA
CENDATA is the Census Bureau's online
information service. It is available through two
information vendors, CompuServe and DIALOG.
For more information, contact:
Data User Services Division
U.S. Bureau of the Census
Washington, DC 20233
Phone:(301)763-2074
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National and Subnational Population Estimates and National and State Population Projections
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National and Subnational Population Estimates and National and State
Population Projections
OFFICE:
Bureau of the Census
Population Division
Population Estimates and Projections Branches
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The Population Estimates and Projections Branches
produce current estimates of the U.S. population (the fifty
states, the District of Columbia, the counties,
incorporated areas, Puerto Rico, and the territories) and
project the future population.
DATA COVERAGE:
Statistics include: estimates of the total, resident, and
civilian population of the United States and by state, with
components of change; estimates of national and state
population by age, sex, race, and/or Hispanic origin;
projections of future population by age and sex for states
and by age, sex, race, and/or Hispanic origin for the
United States; yearly estimates of county population;
biennial estimates of the population of incorporated
places and functional minor civil divisions; and estimates
of populations of metropolitan and nonmetropolitan
areas; population migration by region; population
density; and population growth rate.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Estimates of the U.S. population are derived by updating
the total population including Armed Forces overseas at
the time of the last census, year by year, through the
components of population change. State population totals
are estimated using vital statistics, school enrollment,
internal migration (based on Federal income tax data), net
international migration, and Medicare enrollment. State
estimates for age and sex are developed by a procedure
that carries forward the decennial census data for each
single year of age by state, and allows for births, deaths,
and net migration. Net migration is estimated usingschool
enrollmenttoobtainaschool-agemigrationrate,whichis
then converted to rates for single years of age. The
methodology to develop household estimates is based on
national trends and estimated state trends in adult
population per household, and on estimates of adult
population for states. For detailed descriptions of specific
methodologies, see reports referenced in Publications.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data are updated annually.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Entire United States.
CONTACTS:
For national estimates:
Frederick W. Hollmann
National Projections Branch
U.S. Bureau of the Census
Washington, DC 20233
Phone:(301)763-7950
For national projections:
Jennifer Day
National Projections Branch
U.S. Bureau of the Census
Washington, DC 20233
Phone: (301) 763-1902
For subnational estimates:
Edwin Byerly
Subnational Estimates Branch
U.S. Bureau of the Census
Washington, DC 20233
Phone: (301) 763-5072
For state projection statistics:
Paul Campbell
Demographic Statistician
Population Division
U.S. Bureau of the Census
Washington, DC 20233
Phone: (301) 763-1902
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contacts.
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National and Subnatlona) Population Estimates and National and State Population Projections
PUBLICATIONS:
Bycrly, E. 1990. State Population and Household
Estimates: July 1, 1989. Current Population
Reports, Series P-25, No. 1058. Washington, DC.
Day, J. 1992. Population Projections of the United States,
by Age, Sex, Race, and Hispanic Origin: 1992 to
2050. Current Population Reports, Publication
Series P-25, No. 1092. Washington, DC.
Hollman.F.W. 1992.U.S.PopulationEstimates,byAge,
Sex, Race, and Hispanic Origin: 1980 to 1991.
Current Population Reports, Series P-25, No.
1095. Washington, DC.
Starsinic, D.E. & R.L. Forstall. 1989. Patterns of
Metropolitan Area and County Population
Growth: 1980-1987. Current Population
Reports, Series P-25, No. 1039. Washington, DC.
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census.
1990. Population Estimates for Metropolitan
Statistical Areas, July 1, 1988, 1987, and 1986.
Current Population Reports, Series P-25, No.
1088-B. Washington, DC.
. Estimates of the Population of the United States to
August 1 (annual). Current Population Reports,
Publication Series P-25. Washington, DC.
Wetrogen, S.I. 1990. Projections of the Population of
States, by Age, Sex, and Race: 1989-2010.
Current Population Reports, Publication Series
P-25, No. 1053. Washington, DC.
DATABASE(S):
CENDATA
The Census Bureau's online information service is
available through two information vendors,
CompuServe and DIALOG, and on tape and
diskette. For more information, contact:
Data User Services Division
U.S. Bureau of the Census
Washington, DC 20233
Phone: (301) 763-2074
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Survey of Pollution Abatement Costs and Expenditures
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Survey of Pollution Abatement Costs and Expenditures
OFFICE:
Bureau of the Census
Industry Division
Special Surveys Branch
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
Thesurvey collects information on annual operating costs
and capital expenditures for pollution abatement
activities in manufacturing industries. The survey was
started in 1973 and has been conducted annually except
for 1987. The survey provides estimates of pollution
abatement spending for detailed levels of industrial
classification.
DATA COVERAGE:
Estimates of pollution abatement operating costs and
capital expenditures are made for manufacturing plants
with 20 employees or more (except the apparel group).
Detailed estimates are provided by pollution type and for
the following three-digit standard industrial
classification (SIC) industries: food and kindred
products; tobacco manufacturers; textile mill products;
lumber and wood products; furniture and fixtures; paper
and allied products; printing and publishing; chemicals
and allied products; petroleum and coal products; rubber
and miscellaneous plastics products; leather and leather
products; stone, clay, and glass products; primary metal
industries; fabricated metal products; machinery, except
electrical; electric and electronic equipment;
transportation equipment; instruments and related
products; and miscellaneous manufacturing industries.
Detail is also provided for expenditures by sector, for
industries by four-digit SIC codes, and for States by
two-digit SIC codes. Capital expenditures are provided
for air and water pollution abatement by abatement
technique (changes-in-production processes and
end-of-line techniques), for air pollution abatement by
type of pollution abated, and for hazardous and
nonhazardous solid waste management. Operating costs
include labor, depreciation, materials and supplies,
services, equipment leasing, and other costs. Costs
recovered by manufacturing plants from their pollution
abatement activities also are given.
COLLECTION METHODS:
The probability sample includes about 20,000
manufacturing plants. The sample is selected as a
subsample of the Annual Survey of Manufacturers which
represents about 360,000 plants in the country. The
probability of selection is based on the plant size in terms
of total value of shipments. Response to the survey is
about ninety percent.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Except for 1987, when no survey was conducted, data
have been collected annually since 1973.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
The sample is selected to represent the entire United
States. Estimates are given also for states and regions, but
with less detail.
CONTACT:
Jesse Havard
Industry Division
Bureau of the Census
Washington, DC 20233
Phone: (301) 763-1755
Gretchen Dickson
Industry Division
Bureau of the Census
Washington, DC 20233
Phone: (301) 763-1755
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. 1991.
Manufacturers' Pollution Abatement Capital
Expenditures and Operating Costs. Current
Industrial Reports MA200(91)-1 (and earlier
reports in this series). Washington, DC.
DATABASE(S):
None available for public access.
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Tho Bonthk: Surveillance Project
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Benthlc Surveillance Project
OFFICE:
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Office of Ocean Resources, Conservation
and Assessment
Coastal Monitoring and Bioeffects Assessment Division
BiocCfccts Assessment Branch
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The Bentbic Surveillance Project, an element of the
National Status and Trends (NS&T) Program, monitors
contaminant concentrations in bottomfish and sediments
in ncarshorc waters of the United States. The Project also
monitors bottomfish for indicators of contaminant
exposure. The measurement of contaminant
concentrations in marine organisms bridges the gap
between which chemicals are associated with sediment
participates, and which ones are taken up and potentially
bioaccumulated by marine species. Because of their
mobility, bottomfish reflect environmental conditions
over a wider geographical area than do sediments or
sedentary organisms.
DATA COVERAGE:
Bottomfish and surfucial sediment are analyzed for over
70 contaminants including 24 polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAHs); 20 congeners of polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs); 15 chlorinated pesticides, including
chlordane and DDT (and breakdown elements of DDT);
butyltins; four major elements; and 12 trace elements.
Sediments also are analyzed for total organic carbon
content (TOC), and for spore concentrations of the
bacterium Clostridiumperfringens, which is associated
with sewage contamination. For bottomfish, chemical
analyses arc performed on stomach contents, liver and
bile tissue matrices. The frequency of external disease
conditions (such as external tumors and fin rot) and
internal lesions (such as liver and kidney tumors) also is
recorded at cachsitc. DNAadducts, bile metabolites, and
mixed function oxidasc enzyme levels are measured in
fish atselected sites. The length, age,gender, and stomach
contents arc recorded for each fish sample. Analytical
data include correlations of contaminant findings (i.e.,
urban contamination levels vs. rural levels, temporal
trends in contaminant levels for specific regions, and
national rankings of contaminated areas for major
contaminant groups).
COLLECTION METHODS:
Compositesediment, tissue, andstomachcontentsamples
are collected from three collectionstations per site and are
stored for subsequent chemical analysis. Sites are chosen
to represent contaminant levels in the surrounding area
and to avoid small-scale patches of contamination, or
"hot spots". Multiple fish species are sampled to
accommodate the project's national scope; the species
selected at a site depends on availability. Fish are
collected in bottom trawl nets in waters ranging from 1 to
70 meters in depth. Sediments are skimmed from the top
three centimeters of the bottom surface at stations located
within 500 meters of the site center and positioned near
trawl sampling track(s). The occurrence of
pollution-associated diseases are derived from the
observed incidences of each disease per number of fish
sampled at each site.
Analytical procedures adhere to the standard procedures
of theNS&TQuality Assurance (QA) Project, established
for all laboratories participating in the NS&T Program.
As part of the QAProject, laboratories associated with the
Benthic Surveillance Project participate in yearly
intercomparison exercises administered by the National
Research Institute of Standards and Technology (MIST),
and the National Research Council (NRC) of Canada.
Becausedifferentfishspecies metabolize contaminants at
different rates and are more likely than others to develop
tumors, data from individual sampling sites may depend
to some extent on the selected species.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
From 1984 through 1986, samples were collected from
monitoring sites on an annual basis. Since 1987, sites
have been monitored every other year. As of July 1992,
the database contains six years of analytical data, from
1984 to 1989; sediment and fish tissue samples are
collected from March through September along U.S.
coasts. Samples collected in 1991 arenowbeinganalyzed
for contaminants. Data representing 1984-88 conditions
are summarized in NOAA reports.
GEOGRAPHICAL COVERAGE:
Samples are collected from estuaries, bays, and
near-shore marine areas of theEast, Gulf, and West coasts
of the United States, as well as Alaska. Presently,
sampling is conducted at approximately 100 sites,
however, fewer sites (about 50) were monitored when the
Project was initiated in 1984. Sites generally are located
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
The Benthic Surveillance Project
between 10 and 100 kilometers apart. Monitoring
activities are designed to describe national and regional
distributions of contamination.
CONTACT:
Dr. Donna D. Turgeon
Supervisory Ecologist
NOAA/NOS/ORCA22/SSMC4-10652
1305 East-West Highway
Silver Spring, MD 20910
Phone: (301) 713-3034
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
1991. Metal Contaminant Assessment for the
Southeast Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico Coasts:
Results of the National Benthic Surveillance
Project over the first four years, 1984-1987.
NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-
SEFC-284. Beaufort, NC.
. 1990. Contaminants in Fish Tissue from Estuarine
and Coastal Sites of the Northeastern United
States: Data Summary for the Baseline Phase of
the National Status and Trends Program Benthic
Surveillance Project, 1984-1986. NOAA
Technical Memorandum NMFS-F/NEC-79.
Woods Hole, MA.
--. 1989. National Benthic Surveillance Project: Pacific
Coast: Part II, Technical Memorandum
NMFS/NWC-170. Seattle, WA.
. 1988. National Benthic Surveillance Project: Pacific
Coast: Part I, Summary and overview of the
results for Cycles I and HI. NOAA Technical
Memorandum NMFS/NWC-156. Seattle, WA.
Benthic Surveillance data are available upon request
through a number of reports and publications. Raw data,
collected between 1984 and 1988, are available in
microfiche and on 3.5" diskettes in PC and Macintosh
formats.
DATABASE(S):
National Status and Trends Program (NS&T) Database
The NS&T database contains data for site and station
locations (latitudes and longitudes) and chemical
concentrationsofallmatricesfortheBenthicSurveillance
Project.
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Biological Effects Surveys and Research
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Biological Effects Surveys and Research
OFFICE:
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Office of Ocean Resources, Conservation
and Assessment
Coastal Monitoring and Bioeffects Assessment Division
Bioeffccts Assessment Branch
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The National Status and Trends (NS&T) Program
conducts multi-year bioeffects assessment studies in
selected coastal areas where NS&T monitoring data
indicatemoderate-to-highlevelsofcontaminants. These
studies complement NS&T contaminant monitoring
activities, by examining the relationships between
contaminant exposure and indicators of biological
response. Analyses concentrate on sediment toxicity,
reproductive impairment, genetic damage, and the
prevalence of disease. Results will be used to develop
estimates concerning the magnitude and extent of
environmental degradation in the selected study areas
and, when all areas have been surveyed, the cumulative
data will be assembled to provide an overall national
estimate. The studies also provide a means to determine
the applicability of new bioeffects indicators for future
monitoring projects.
DATA COVERAGE:
Bottomflsli are examined for prevalences of liver tumors
and external lesions; signs of genetic damage (DNA
alternatives in blood cells); enzyme activity associated
with PAH metabolism; indicators of reproductive
dysfunction, including ovarian development, plasma
cstradiol levels, and vitcllogen levels; and signs of
reproductive impairment, including egg size, egg yolk
development, and embryo abnormalities. Bioassay
toxicity analyses are conducted on the survival and
development of benthic invertebrates exposed to
sediment and water samples of varying degrees of
contamination. Bioassay test organisms are also
examined for signs of genetic damage and cell toxicity.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Bioeffects surveys are conducted in areas where NS&T
monitoringdataandrelatedassessmentsindicateelevated
levels of multiple contaminants in sediment and tissues,
prevalences of diseases, or low abundances and species
richness of benthic invertebrates. Sample designs vary
among study areas, and are determined for each study area
by specific problems requiring greater resolution.
Generally, sites are non-random, representing highly
contaminated areas to areas of moderate to low
contaminant levels. The data are primarily the incidences
of observed biological effects that occur as a result of
exposure of biota to toxicants, and correlations with
contaminant levels associated with toxicity and adverse
bioeffects. Measurements of toxicant-related effects in
biota are mostly the observed incidences of sublethal
effects in collected bottom fish and benthic organisms, as
wellasbioassaytestresults. Data are compiled on several
categories of toxic effects associated with known levels of
sediment contaminants to identify, where possible, two
guidelines for each chemical analyte: effects range-low
(ERL) values, the contaminant concentrations at which
effects begin, and effects range-medium (ERM), the
concentrations at which effects usually occur.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Biological effects studies were initiated in 1986 and range
from two to four years in duration at each study area.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Study areas are located primarily in urban estuaries.
Studies have been or are being conducted in Boston
Harbor, Long Island Sound, the Hudson-Raritan Estuary,
Tampa Bay, Southern California, and San Francisco Bay.
CONTACT:
Dr. Douglas A. Wolfe, Chief
NOAA/NOS/ORCA22/SSMC4-105
1305 East-West Highway
Silver Spring, MD 20910
Phone: (301) 713-3034
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
1992. An Evaluation of the Extent and Magnitude
of Biological Effects Associated with
Chemical Contaminants in San Francisco Bay,
California. NOAATechnical MemorandumNOS
ORCA 64. Seattle, WA.
Page 22
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Biological Effects Surveys and Research
. 1991. Status and Trends in Toxicants and the
Potential for their Biological Effects in Tampa
Bay, Florida. NOAA Technical Memorandum
NOSOMA58. Seattle, WA.
, 1990. The Potential for Biological Effects of
Sediment-sorbed Contaminants Tested in the
. National Status and Trends Program. NOAA
Technical Memorandum NOS OMA 52.
Seattle,WA.
Biological Effects Surveys and Research data are
available upon request through a number of reports and
publications.
DATABASE(S):
Not yet available.
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
Page 23
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Classified ShelHisMng Waters
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Classified Shellf ishing Waters
OFFICE:
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Office of Ocean Resources, Conservation
and Assessment
Strategic Environmental Assessments Division
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
Classified shcllfishing waters are monitored as an
indicatorofbacterialwaterqualitynationwide.Watersare
classified for the commercial harvest of oysters, clams,
and mussels based on the presence of actual or potential
pollution sources and coliform bacteria levels in surface
waters. Each shellfish-producing state classifies its
waters in accordance with guidelines established by the
National Shellfish Sanitation Program.
DATA COVERAGE:
Approximately 2,000 classified shellfishing areas are
defined byname, location (nautical chart number, estuary,
state, region), classification (approved, prohibited,
conditionally approved, or restricted), size, and pollution
sources (identified for all non-approved areas).
Trends in classification by region from 1966 to 1990 and
by selected estuaries in the northeast, southeast, Gulf of
Mexico, and Pacific from 1971 to 1990 are available.
Areas that were reclassified because of improved or
diminished water quality are distinguished from thosethat
were reclassified as a result of improved monitoring.
Data also are collected on administration of state
programs, including: identification of state agencies
responsible for monitoring waters, assigning
classification, analyzing water samples, etc.; number of
personnel; budgets; number of sampling stations;
frequency of sampling; and other factors that may
influence classification.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Data are collected by questionnaire and followed by
interviews. Classifications are noted on 265 Nautical
Charts (NOS 1:80,000).
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data were compiled in 1966,1971,1974,1980,1985,
and 1990. The next survey is scheduled for 1995.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
East, West, and Gulf Coasts of the United States.
CONTACT:
Sharon Adamany
Environmental Analyst
NOAA/NOS/ORCAl/SSMC4-9th Floor
1305 East-West Highway
Silver Spring, MD 20910
Phone: (301) 713-3000
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration. 1989. The Quality
of Shellfish Growing Waters on the West Coast.
Rockville, MD: Strategic Assessment Branch.
. 1991. The 1990 National Shellfish Register of
Classified Estuarine Waters. Rockville, MD:
Strategic Assessment Branch.
Leonard, D.L.,M. A. Broutman, andK.E.Harkiiess. 1989.
The Quality of Shellfish Growing Waters on the
East Coast of the United States. Rockville, MD:
National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration.
Broutman, M.A. and D.L. Leonard. 1988. National
Estuarine Inventory: The Quality of Shellfish
Growing Waters in the Gulf of Mexico. Rockville,
MD: National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration.
. 1986. National Estuarine Inventory: Classified
Shellfish Growing Waters by Estuary. Rockville,
MD: National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration.
Page 24
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Classified Shellfishing Waters
DATABASE(S):
National Shellfish Register
This database contains shellfish area name, size,
classification, chart number, state, and region.
Also included are pollution sources, contact
persons, budget data, and sampling stations.
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
Page 25
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Fisheries Statistics Program
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Fisheries Statistics Program
OFFICE:
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Marine Fisheries Service
Office of Research and Environmental Information
Fishery Statistics Division, F/RE1
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The Fishery Statistics Division develops and maintains a
national collection of statistics (biological, economic, and
sociological) on domestic commercial and recreational
fisheries, as well as joint ventures and foreign catch in the
U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). It maintains data
files on the processing, freezing, and holding of fishery
products, and monthly information on imports and
exports of fishery products. The Division also aids in
developing policies and operational guidelines for the
coordinated collection and publication of basic fishery
statistics. It develops, implements, and manages
computerized data systems for handling, archiving, and
retrieving statistical databases.
DATA COVERAGE:
The following data are collected: monthly and annual
commercial landings (catch) in pounds and value by
species, state, county, year, waterbody, and distance from
shore; annual operating units and number of vessels and
fishermen by state, year, and country; annual processed
products data by state, county, plant, species, and type of
processing; annual world catch by species, country, and
area; weekly shrimp imports by country and count size;
and recreational finfish saltwater catch by species and
geographic area.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Commercial data are obtained through census of first
buyers of seafood, review of logbooks, intercept surveys,
and reporting by observers. Recreational data are
collected through extensive telephone and intercept
surveys designed as a stratified random sample.
Approximately 44,000 households in coastal counties are
contacted for the telephone survey.
On-site interviews are conducted with as many as 56,000
marine recreational anglers for an intercept survey.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data are collected daily, monthly, and/or yearly
depending on subject and area covered.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
All commercial catch by U.S. flag-vessels landed in the
continental United States, Puerto Rico, and other ports
outside the fifty states. Recreational information covers
marine waters only.
CONTACT:
Mark Holliday
Fishery Statistics Division, F/RE1
National Marine Fisheries Service
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
1335 East West Hwy., Rm. 8313
Silver Spring, MD 20910
Phone: (301) 713-2328
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Department of Commerce, NOAA, National Marine
Fisheries Service. 1993. Fisheries of the United
States 1992 (and earlier reports in this series).
Current Fishery Statistics No. 9200. Washington,
DC.
. 1984. Marine Recreational Fishery Statistic Survey,
Pacific Coast, 1979-1980. Current Fishery
Statistics No. 8393. Washington, DC.Current
Fishery Statistic Survey No. 8392. Washington,
DC.
. 1987. Marine Recreational Fishery Statistic Survey,
PacificCoast, 1986. CurrentFishery Statistics No.
8393. Washington, DC.
DATABASE(S):
Databases are maintained by field offices of the National
Fisheries Service, Fisheries Statistics Division in Silver
Spring, MD.
Page 26
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Living Marine Resources
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Living Marine Resources
OFFICE:
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Office of Ocean Resources, Conservation
and Assessment
Strategic Environmental Assessments Division
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The Living Marine Resources Program gathers data from
published sources onspatial and temporal distributions of
marine species (invertebrates, fishes, seabirds, and
mammals). Information includes distributions by life
stage, statistics on commercial harvest, and status of
seabird colonies. In 1990, additional information was
gathered on sampling programs.
DATA COVERAGE:
Gulf of Mexico: spatial and temporal distributions for
adult, juvenile, and reproductive life stages of 73 species
of invertebrates and fishes.
Gulf of Mexico shrimp harvest: 1960-1988 (by month)
harvest weight for seven shrimp species.
Gulf of Mexico estuaries: spatial and temporal
distributions for adult, juvenile, reproductive, larval and
egg life stages of 44 species of invertebrates and fishes in
25 estuaries.
Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas: spatial and temporal
distributions for adult and juvenile stages of 102 species
of invertebrates, fishes and marine mammals.
West Coast: spatial and temporal distributions for adult,
juvenile, and reproductive life stages of 130 species of
invertebrates, fishes, and marine mammals.
Southeast estuaries: spatial and temporal distributions for
adult, juvenile, reproductive, larval and egg life stages of
40 species of invertebrates and fishes in 20 estuaries.
Alaska seabird colonies: populations of thirty species of
seabirds within 1,300 individual colonies.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Data are compiled from published literature and agency
databases.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Ongoing.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Entire U.S., Exclusive Economic Zone including Alaska,
excluding Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and protectorates.
CONTACTS:
Tom LaPointe, Operations Research Analyst
NOAA/NOS/ORCAl/SSMC4-9th Floor
1305 East-West Highway
Silver Spring, MD 20910
Phone:(301)713-3000
Robert Wolotira, Fisheries Biologist
NOAA/NOS/ORCAl/SSMC4-9th Floor
1305 East-West Highway
Silver Spring, MD 20910
Phone: (301) 713-3000
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contacts.
PUBLICATIONS:
Bulger, A.J., B.P. Hayden, M.E. Monaco, and M.G.
McCormick-Ray. 1989. Towards a
Biogeographic Estuarine Salinity Classification.
Rockville, MD: National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration.
Monaco, M.E. 1986. National Estuarine Inventory:
LivingMarine Resources ComponentPreliminary
West Coast Study. Rockville, MD: National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
. and R.L. Emmett. 1988. Living Marine Resources
Program: Estuarine Living Marine Resources
Project: Washington State Component. Rockville,
MD: National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration.
Monaco, M.E., T. Czapla, D.M. Nelson, and M. Pattilo.
1989. Estuarine LivingMarine Resources Project:
Texas Component. Rockville, MD: National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
Page 27
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Living Mwine Resources
Ray, G.C., M.G. McCormick-Ray, J.A. Dobbin, D.N.
Ehler, and D.J. Basta. 1980. Eastern United States
Coastal and Ocean Zones Data Atlas. Washington,
DC: National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration.
Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration, Strategic
Assessment Branch. 1989. Bering, Chukchi, and
Beaufort Seas Coastal, and Ocean Zones Strategic
Assessment: Data Atlas. Washington, DC:
Government Printing Office.
, Strategic Assessment Branch and Northwest and
Alaska Fisheries Center. 1988. West Coast of
North America Strategic Assessment: Data Atlas,
Marine Mammal Volume, Pre-Publication
Edition Rockville, MD: National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration.
, Strategic Assessment Branch and SoutheastFisheries
Center. 1986. Gulf of Mexico Coastal and Ocean
Zones Strategic Assessment: Data Atlas.
Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
DATABASE(S):
Computer Mapping and Analysis System (CMAS)
CMAS is a geo-referenced database. It requires a
MacIntoshmicrocomputer.Formore information,
sec Contacts.
Page 28
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
The Mussel Watch Project
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Mussel Watch Project
OFFICE:
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Office of Ocean Resources, Conservation
and Assessment
Coastal Monitoring and Bioeffects Assessment Division
Coastal Monitoring Branch
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The Mussel Watch Project, an element of the National
Status and Trends (NS&T) Program, monitors a suite of
contaminants in the tissue of bivalve mollusks (mussels
and oysters) and in sediments in coastal and estuarine
waters of the United States. Mussels and oysters serve as
useful indicators of temporal trends in environmental
quality because they accumulate some contaminants in
their tissue at levels many times higher than in the
surrounding water and they adjust quickly to changes in
contamination.
DATA COVERAGE:
Molluscan tissue samples are monitored annually at over
200 sites for about 70 contaminants including 24
polycycjic aromatic hydrocarbon's (PAHs); 20 congeners
of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs); 15 chlorinated
pesticides, including chlordane and DDT (and breakdown
elements of DDT); butylins; four major elements; and 12
trace elements. On a less frequent basis, sediments are
collected at Mussel Watch sites and analyzed for the same
chemicals. Also, on less than annual frequency, mussels
and oysters are examined for disease incidences
(neoplasia and Perkinsus marinus, or "Dermo" disease).
The first five years of mussel tissue data have been
examined for temporal trends.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Samples are collected from the same site*each year, and
stored for subsequent chemical analysis. Sampling sites
are chosen to represent contaminant levels in the
surrounding area to avoid small-scale patches of
contamination, or "hot spots". Three composite samples
(30 mussels or 20 oysters) are collected at each site.
Sediment samples are collected at three stations within
each site, a station being anywhere within 500 meters of a
site center. Generally, mollusks are collected in the
intertidaltoshallowsubtidalzones.Associatedsediments
may be collected as much as 2 kilometers away from the
site center. Sediment samples are skimmed from the top 2
centimeters of the sediment surface. To minimize the
effects of seasonal influences on contaminant
concentrations, mollusks are collected within three weeks
of each annual cycle. Because no single bivalve
molluscan species occupies the entire geographic range
monitored by the Mussel Watch Project, samples must be
obtained from several species.
All Mussel Watch laboratories participate in the NS&T
Quality Assurance Project. Since it is possible that
chemical concentrations in molluscan tissues can be
affected by reproductive stage, the stage of gonadal
maturation is determined at each site. Because the same
molluscan species cannot be collected throughout the
country, tissue data cannot be used uncritically to describe
the spatial distribution of contamination. For organic
contaminants, it is probably acceptable to consider
mussels and oysters as equivalent matrices, but for
elemental analytes, especially silver, copper, and zinc,
uptake by the different genera are not always equivalent.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Bivalve mollusks are collected from most sites once a
year. Surface sediments were monitored annually from
1986 to 1988 and have been monitored on a
less-than-annual basis since that time. The database
presently contains six years of analytical data, from 1986
to 1991. Some Mussel Watch sites coincide with sites
occupied from 1976 to 1978 by the EPA Mussel Watch
Program, which enables the examination of decadal
contaminant trends.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Samples are collected from approximately 240 sites in all
marine coastal U.S. states, including Alaska and Hawaii.
About 200 of these sites are monitored on an annual basis.
Fewer sites (about 150) were represented when the
Project was initiated in 1986. Site locations were
expanded in 1992 to include the Great Lakes (using zebra
mass&ls,Dreissenapolymorpha), the U.S. Virgin Islands,
and Puerto Rico. On average, the distances between
sampling sites are 20 kilometers in estuaries and
embayments and 100 kilometers along open coastline.
CONTACT:
Dr. Thomas P. O'Connor, Chief
NOAA/NOS/ORCA 21/SSMC4-9th Floor
Silver Spring, MD 20910
Phone: (301 713-3028
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
Page 29
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
The Mussel Watch Project
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Battcllc Ocean Sciences. 1991. Year 5 Final Report on
NationalStatusandTrendsMusselWatchProject:
Collection of Bivalves and Surficial Sediments
from Coastal U.S. Atlantic and PaciGc Locations
and Analyses for Organic Chemicals and Trace
Elements. Contract No. 50-DGNC-0-00048.
Duxbury, MA.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
1989. National Status and Trends Program for
Marine Environmental Quality Progress Report:
A Summary of Data on Tissue Contamination
from the First Three Years (1986-1988) of the
Mussel Watch Project. NOAA Technical
Memorandum NOS OMA 49. Rockville, MD.
. 1991. Second Summary of Chemical Contaminants
in Sediments from the National Status and Trends
Program. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS
OMA 59. Washington, DC.
O'Connor, T.P. 1992. Recent Trends in Coastal
Environmental Quality: Results from the First
Five Years of the NOAA Mussel Watch Project.
Washington, DC: National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration.
The Geochemical and Environmental Research Group.
1991. Phase 5 NOAA Status and Trends Mussel
Watch Program: Year 5 Technical Report.
College Station, TX.
Mussel Watch Project data, representing 1986-1990
conditions, have been summarized in a number of reports
and publications and are available upon request. Raw
data, collected between 1986 and 1988, are available in
microfiche and on 3.5" diskettes in PC and Macintosh
formats.
DATABASE(S):
National Status and Trends Program (NS&T) Database
The database includes data for site and station
locations (latitudes and longitudes) and chemical
concentrations of all matrices for the Mussel
Watch Project.
_
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Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Climatic Date Center
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Climatic Data Center
OFFICE:
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Environmental Satellite and Data
Information Service
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) collects,
processes, and archives meteorological and
climatological data from a global network of stations.
Records begin in the mid- 19th century and continue to the
present.
DATA COVERAGE:
Climatic variables (e.g., temperature, precipitation, solar
radiation, storms, wind, and floods) are summarized for
bothshort-termand long-termperiods ofrecord. Data are
available in published form, on microfiche, or on
magnetic tape. Derived values relating to growing season
and heating and cooling degree days are also produced.
Special statistical summaries of actual and derived values
of meteorological elements over the world's oceans as
well as summaries used in the study of air pollution are
available.
COLLECTION METHODS:
For about four decades, NCDC has been receiving
climatic data from across the United States and around the
globe. Principal sources in the United States are the
National Weather Service (NWS), the Federal Aviation
Administration, the U.S. Air Force, the U.S. Navy, and the
U.S. Coast Guard. The NWS's Cooperative Station
Network is comprised mainly of 10,000 volunteer
observers and has been recording daily records since the
1800's. As aircraft began to fill the skies, information on
the upper atmosphere was needed. Balloon-borne
instruments radioed data; radars began to probe the
clouds; rockets reached the fringes of the atmosphere; and
by weather satellites, both geo-stationary and polar
orbiting, which continuously record the weather.
Technical advancements led NCDC to archive some of
their data on CD-ROMs so thatusers could look at a large
amount of climatic data at one time. The NCDC plans to
archive new datasets using the latest technical advances
available, such as ASOS, Profiler, NEXRAD, and
STORM.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Observations are taken at varying intervals, from every
fifteen minutes to oncepermonth. Collections are dailyor
monthly depending on type and source of information.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Global land and sea, but coverage is primarily U.S. and
dependencies, especially for summarized data.
CONTACT:
National Climatic Data Center
NOAA/NESDIS/NCDC
Federal Building
Asheville, NC 28801
Phone: (704) 271-4800
Climate Research Requests:
Phone: (704) 271-4994
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration. 1988. Selective Guide
to Climatic Data Sources. Key to Meteorological
Records Documentation No. 4.11. Washington, DC:
National Environmental Satellite Data and
Information Service.
. Climatological Data (by state), (monthly and annual).
. Climatic Data for the World, (monthly).
. Storm Data, (monthly).
DATABASE(S):
NCDC's data and information are available to the public.
Data are in manuscript, or on magnetic tape or diskette. See
"Selective Guide to Climatic Data Sources" for a complete
list of databases and data sets.
NCDC has established a Research Customer Service to assist
researchers with data needs and requests. Consultation is
provided in the areas of data set availability, applicability of
data to a particular research project, and data set limitations.
For more information on this service, see Contact.
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
Page 31
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Coastal Pollutant Discharge Inventory Program
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Coastal Pollutant Discharge Inventory Program
OFFICE:
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Ocean Service
Office of Ocean Resources, Conservation
and Assessment
Strategic Environmental Assessments Division
Pollutant Source Characterization Branch
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The National Coastal Pollutant Discharge Inventory
(NCPDI) Program is a series of database development and
analytical activities within the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration's Strategic Environmental
Assessments Division program of coastal and estuarine
areas. The cornerstone of the program is a comprehensive
database and computational framework that has been
developed pver the last nine years. The database contains
pollutant loading estimates for all major categories of
point, nonpoint, and riverine sources located in coastal
counties or the 200-mile Exclusive Economic Zone that
discharge to the estuarine, coastal, and oceanic waters of
the contiguous U.S. (excluding the Great Lakes).
DATA COVERAGE:
The pollutant discharge estimates in the NCPDI are made
for the following base years for each coastal component:
East Coast -1982; West Coast -1984; and Gulf Coast -
1987. The estimates can be considered to approximate
pollutant discharge conditions for a five-year period
around the base year. Estimates are made for nine major
source categories and 17 pollutants. Source categories
include: pointsources;urbannonpointsources;nonurban
nonpoint sources; irrigation return flow; oil and gas
operations; marine transportation operations; accidental
spills; and dredging operations. Pollutant parameters
include: flow (wastewater flow or surface runoff);
oxygen-dcmandingmaterials(BOD);particulate matter;
nutrients(totalnitrogenandphosphorus);metals(arsenic,
cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, mercury, and
zinc); petroleum hydrocarbons (oil and grease);
pesticides (35 compounds); pathogens (fecal coliform
bacteria); and wastewater treatment sludges. The
pollutant estimates can be aggregated by county, USGS
hydrologic cataloging unit, or estuarine watershed.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Estimates are based on a combination of computed
methodologies and actual monitored observations. Data
sources include EPA's Permit Compliance System,
Industrial Discharge File, and Construction GrantsNeeds
Survey, USGS Land Use/Land Cover Database, and
USDA's National Resource Inventory and SOILS-5
Database. Fordetaileddescriptionsofthe methodologies,
the reader is directed to the various reports listed under
Publications.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Estimates are seasonal (winter, spring, summer, and fall)
for a base year. Updated discharge estimates for 1987 for
the coastal areas of the Gulf of Mexico and for 1989 forthe
East Coast are being prepared.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Coastal areas of the continental United States, excluding
the Great Lakes.
CONTACT:
Daniel R. Farrow, Chief
Pollutant Sources Characterization Branch
NOAA/NOS/ORCA12/SSMC4-9th Floor
1305 East-West Highway
Silver Spring, MD 20910
Phone: (301) 713-3000
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Arnold, F.D. and D.G. Farrow. 1987. The National
Coastal Pollutant Discharge Inventory: Pollutant
Discharge Concentrations for Industrial Point
Sources. Rockville, MD: National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration.
Arnold, F.D., J.A. Lowe' and D.G. Farrow. 1988. The
Coastal Pollutant Discharge Inventory: Analysis
of Pollutant Discharges from West Coast Point
Sources (Draft). Rockville, MD: National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Basta, D.J., B.T. Bower, C.N. Ehler, F.D. Arnold, B.P.
Chambers, and D.G. Farrow. 1985. The National
Coastal Pollutant Discharge Inventory. Rockville,
Page 32
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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MD: National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration.
Farrow, D.G., F.D. Arnold, M.L. Lombardi, M.B. Main
andP.D.Eichelberger.l986.TheNational Coastal
Pollutant Discharge Inventory: Estimates for
Long Island Sound. Rockville, MD: National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
DATABASE(S):
The National Coastal Pollutant Discharge Inventory
Agricultural Pesticide Use in Coastal Areas
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Coastal Pollutant Disharge Inventory Program
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
AUCJUST 1993
Page 33
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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
Month and State Current Emissions Trends
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
Month and State Current Emissions Trends
OFFICE:
Aigonne National Laboratory
Energy and Environmental Systems Division
Policy and Economic Analysis Group
Energy Policy Section
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The Month and State Current Emissions Trends
(MSCET) program provides emissions estimates for
nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and nonmethane volatile
organic compounds. The data set can be used to monitor
regional and/or seasonal emissions trends or trends for
specific emission source groups.
DATA COVERAGE:
National and sectoral emissions estimates for nitrogen
oxides, sulfur dioxide, and nonmethane volatile organic
compounds are generated for all states in the contiguous
United States. The database contains emissions data
estimated by month and state for 68 emission source
groups. Six general emission categories are: electric
utilities, industrial fuel combustion, commercial/
residential fuel combustion, industrial processes,
transportation, and miscellaneous. The database has been
updated to include the National Acid Precipitation
Assessment Program's emissions inventory.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Emissions are estimated from fuel consumption and
economic activity data. The fuel consumption data are
taken from Department of Energy, Energy Information
Administration data tapes and reports. Economic activity
data are taken from various economic statistics reports,
most frequently the Bureau of Economic Analysis
publication Survey of Current Business. A detailed
description of the methodology is presented in Kohout
ct.al., 1990.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Monthly fuel consumption and economic activity data are
collected annually, and preliminary data are updated as
they become available. Emissions are estimated twice: a
preliminary flash cstimateearly in the following calendar
year, and a final estimate about six months later.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, DC.
CONTACT:
;
Dan Miller
Argonne National Laboratory
9700 South Cass Avenue
Argonne, EL 60439-4815
Phone: (708) 252-5775
FOR PUBLIC INQUHOES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Kohout, E.J., D.J. Miller, L.A. Nieves, D.S. Rothman,
C.L. Saricks, F. Stodolsky and D. A. Hanson. 1990.
Current Emission Trends for Nitrogen Oxides,
Sulfur Dioxide, and Volatile Organic Compounds
by Month and State: Methodology and Results.
Argonne National Laboratory Report,
ANL/EAIS/TM-25. Argonne, IL.
DATABASE(S):
Month and State Current Emissions Trends (MSCET)
Database
The MSCET database contains emissions
estimates by state and month for 1975 to 1990 for
68 emission source groups. Data are available in
ASCII, SAS, or tab-delimited formats on
magnetic tape, diskettes, or hardcopy.
Page 34
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
National Energy Information Centei
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
National Energy Information Center
OFFICE:
Energy Information Administration
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The Energy Information Administration (EIA) is the
Department of Energy's independent statistical and
analytical agency, with a mandate to collect and publish
data and prepare analyses on energy production,
consumption, prices, and resources, and projections of
energy supply and demand.
DATA COVERAGE:
EIA collects and disseminates data on the following:
energy sources; energy reserves; total production;
consumption by source, by end use sector, per capita, and
per GNP dollar; energy imports and exports; and related
economic and statistical information, both historical and
forecasted (e.g., energy efficiency indicators). Also
available are data on the production of specific fuel types
(e.g., coal, oil and natural gas plant liquids, and natural
gas); production of nuclear and hydroelectric power; use
of certain renewable energy sources - such as solar,
geothermal, wood, andwind; andproductionofelectricity
by source.
COLLECTION METHODS:
The methods for generating energy statistics, which are
varied, are described in AppendixE of the Annual Energy
Review. They include survey reporting by energy
production, transmission, and distribution companies and
end users, and calculations and estimations made by EIA.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data are collected monthly, quarterly, yearly, biennially,
and triennially.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Entire United States and some global.
CONTACT:
National Energy Information Center
U.S. Department of Energy
Forrestal Building, 1F-048
Washington, DC 20585
Phone: (202) 586-8800
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Department of Energy, Energy Information Administra-
tion. 1993. Annual Energy Review 1992 (and ear-
ly reports in this series). DOE/EIA-0384(92).
Washington, DC.
. 1990. Annual Energy Outlook 1990 with Projections
to 2010. Washington, DC.
--. 1990. EIA Publications Directory 1977-1989, Dis-
tribution Category UC-98. DOE/EIA - 0149
77-89). Washington, DC.
Also available are monthly, quarterly, and annual reports
by energy source and triennial reports on energy
consumption.
DATABASE(S):
See the National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Catalog of "Energy Data Files" and "Energy Modeling
Programs" prepared by the Energy Information
Administration. Both available from NTIS or the EIA.
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
Page 35
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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
Caxbon DfoxJdo Information Analysis Center
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center
OFFICE:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Environmental Sciences Division
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The objective of the Carbon Dioxide Information
Analysis Center (CDIAC) is to compile, evaluate, and
distribute information related to carbon dioxide (COz) in
support of tfcc Department of Energy's Carbon Dioxide
RescarchProgram(CDRP).Toaccomplishthisobjective,
CDIAC identifies researchers' needs for data, models,
and information; obtains, evaluates, and ensures the
quality of the information; and works with other national
and international data centers as well as with individual
researchers to promoteandfacilitatetheexchangeofdata.
CDIAC supports the data and information needs of
researchers studyingthe effects ofincreasingatmospheric
COa on climate, carbon cycle processes, and resources.
DATA COVERAGE:
Variables measured and analyzed include any
COa-related or greenhousegas-related parameter. Trend
data include: atmospheric CC>2 and methane
concentrations fromsurfacemonitoringsites and from ice
cores; COj emissions resulting from fossil fuel
consumption and cement production; historical land use
data in Southeast Asia; long-term temperature,
precipitation, cloudiness, and sunshine records for the
United States; global and hemispheric temperature
anomalies; dust veil indices; umbral/penumbral ratios;
and radiocarboa data from oceanographic cruises.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Datasctsthatarc archived and distributed by CDIAChave
either been sent to CDIAC voluntarily by the collecting
agency or researcher or have been sent to CDIAC as a
result of contracts made by CDIAC. CDIAC identifies
data sets critical to greenhouse and global wanning issues
by conducting surveys of researchers and users of
CDIAC's data products; contacting researchers and
agencies addressing global warming issues; attending
scientific conferences and symposia; and soliciting
suggestions from DOE managers. CDIAC does not
impose format restrictions on individuals and agencies
that archive data at CDIAC. CDIAC accepts the data in
whatcverform(i.e.,hardcopy,dBASEfiles,LOTUSfiles,
flat ASCII files) is most convenient for the contributor.
Irrespective of the source, CDIAC reviews all data sent to
CDIAC before documenting and distributing the data set.
These reviews, which are often extensive, involve
consultation with the contributing agency Or researcher.
CDIAC does not correct or distribute any data sets or
computer models without the written consent of the
contributing individual or agency. ... .r,
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
The frequency of data collection with the CDRP program
ranges from hourly (e.g., atmospheric CO2
concentrations) to decennial (e.g., land use changes in
Southeast Asia).
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Global.
CONTACT:
Robert M. Cushman, Director
Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
P.O. Box 2008
Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6335
Phone: (615) 574-0390
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
Contact Sonja B. Jones at the address and phone number
listed above.
PUBLICATIONS:
Boden, T.A., P. Kanciruk, and M.P. Farrell. 1990. Trends
'90: A compendium of data on global change.
ORNL/CDIAC-36. Oak Ridge, TN: Oak Ridge
NationaILaboratory,CarbonDioxideInformation
Analysis Center.
Boden, T.A., RJ. Sepanski, and F.W. Stoss (eds). 1991.
Trends '91: A Compendium of Data on Global
Change. ORNL/CDIAC-46.OakRidge,TN:Oak
Ridge National Laboratory, Carbon Dioxide
Information Analysis Center.
Burtis, M.D. (ed.). 1989. Carbon Dioxide Information
Analysis Center Catalog of Databases and
Reports. Environmental Sciences Division
Publication No. 3477. Oak Ridge, TN: Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, Carbon Dioxide Information
Analysis Center.
_
Page 36
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center
Quinlan, F.T., T.R. Karl, and C.N. Williams, Jr. 1987.
*CDIAC Numeric Data Collection: United States
Historical Climatology Network (HCN) Serial
Temperature and Precipitation Data. NDP-019.
Oak Ridge, TN: Oak Ridge National Laboratory,
Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center.
DATABASE(S):
All reports and data packages described in the above
reports are available on request. For a complete listing and
description of CDIAC databases, order "CDIAC
Communications" from the contact listed above.
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
Page 37
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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
Integrated Data Base Program
DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
Integrated Data Base Program
OFFICE:
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management and
Office of Environmental Restoration and
Waste Management
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The Integrated Data Base Program (EDB) maintains data
on all spent radioactive fuel and waste in the United
States.
DATA COVERAGE:
The radioactive materials considered are spent fuel,
high-level waste, transuranic waste, low-level waste,
mixed waste, commercial uranium mill tailings, remedial
action waste, and decommissioning waste. For each
category, current and projected inventories are given
through the year 2020, and the radioactivity and thermal
power are calculated based on reported or estimated
isotopic compositions. In addition, characteristics and
currcntinvcntoriesarereportedformiscellaneous, highly
radioactive materials that may require geologic disposal.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Yearly query of national DOE lead sites for each waste
type and occasional direct inquiry of individual
generator/storage sites.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data arc collected annually.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Entire United States.
CONTACT:
Jerry A. Klein, Program Manager
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
P.O. Box 2003
Oak Ridge, TN 37831-7358
Phone: (615) 574-6823
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Department of Energy. 1992. Integrated Data Base for
1992: U.S. Spent Fuel and Radioactive Waste
Inventories, Projections, and Characteristics (and
earlier reports in this series). Washington, DC.
DATABASE(S):
Various working databases are maintained at Oak Ridge
National Laboratory. Information is available on a
case-by-case basis.
Page 38
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys
OFFICE:
National Center for Health Statistics
Office of Wai and Health Statistics Systems
Division of Health Examination Statistics
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The National Health Survey Act of 1956 provided for the
establishment and continuation of a National Health
Survey to obtain information aboutthe healthstatus of the
population in the United States. The National Center for
Health Statistics is responsible for this program. During
the 1960s three Health Examination Surveys (HES Cycle
I, II, and III) were conducted on probability samples of the
civilian, non-institutionalized population of the United
States. A nutritional component was included in
subsequenthealthexaminationsurveys:thefirstNational
Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES I)
conducted during 1971-75, NHANES II conducted
during 1976-80, the Hispanic Health and Nutrition
Examination Survey (HHANES) conducted during
1982-84, and the ongoing NHANES HI. Environmental
data collection effort mainly started with NHANES H..
DATA COVERAGE:
NHANES I:
Data collected include: general physical examina-
tion, nutrition examination, carbon monoxide
tests, and tobacco use.
NHANES II:
In addition to the variables listed above, the fol-
lowing data were collected: lead and carboxy-
hemoglobin in whole blood; organochlorine pes-
ticide residues, and metabolites in urine specimens
(2,4,6-trichlorophenol; 2,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridi-
nol; 2,4,5-trichlorophenol; pentachlorophenol;
para-nitrophenol; 2,4,5-T; 2,4,*D; silvex; di-
camba; alpha-monocarboxylicacid; dicarboxylic
acid); organochlorine pesticide residues and me-
tabolites in serum (trans-nonachlor; heptachlor
epoxide; oxychlordane; heptachlor; alpha-BHC;
beta-BHC; gamma-BHC; delta-BHC; aldrin;
endrin; dieldriii; DDT; DDE; DDD; hexachloro-
benzene; and mirex). Also analyzed were: heating
fuel used; tobacco use; and pesticide and disinfec-
tant exposure and poisoning.
HHANES:
Data comparable to the NHANES II study were
collected from the Hispanic population.
NHANES HI:
Data collected include lung function assessment,
tests of central nervous system function, and di-
etary intake. In addition to variables listed above
for previous studies, the following data are col-
lected: occupation and protective equipment and
exposure to volatile substances, sources of drink-
ing water, and cadmium and cotinine in urine.
Blood from the Priori ty Toxicant Reference Range
Study is analyzed for: benzene; toluene; ethylben-
zene; xylenes; styrene; trimethylbenzenes; car-
bon tetrachloride; chloroform; dichloromethane;
trichlorpmethane;trichloroethylene;tetrachloroe-
thylene;anddichlorobenzenes.Alsothefollowing
pesticides are measured in urine: penta-chloro-
phenol; 2, 4-dichlorophenol; 2, 5-dichlorophe-
nol; 1,4,5-trichlorophenol; 2,4,6-trichlorophe-
nol; 4-nitrophenol; 3,4,5-trichloro-2-pyridinol;
1-naphthol; 2-naphthol; isopropoxyphenol; car-
bofuranphenol; and 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic
acid.
COLLECTION METHODS:
The Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys are
complex, multi-stage, stratified, probability sample
surveys. The process of selecting a sample of persons to be
examined involves the selection of primary sampling
units, census enumeration districts, segments,
households, eligible persons, and finally sample persons.
The pesticides and volatiles are being measured on a
volunteer subgroup only. Data are collected by direct
physical examinations, tests, measurements, and
interviews.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Periodic (as determined appropriate).
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Entire United States.
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
Page 39
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DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys
CONTACT:
Robert Murphy, Director
Division of Health Examination Statistics
National Center for Health Statistics
3700 East West Hwy., Room 258
Hyattsville, MD 20782
Phone: (301) 436-7068
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
Sec Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Anncst, J.L., J.L. Pirkle, and D. Makuc. 1983.
Chronological trend in blood lead levels between
1976 and 1980. N. Engl. J. Med. 308:1373-1377.
and K.R. Mahaffey. 1984. Blood Lead Levels for
Persons Ages 6 Months-74 Years. Vital and
Health Statistics Series. Series 11, No. 233 DHHS
(Pub. No. PHS 84-1683). Washington, DC:
Government Printing Office.
Kutz R, B. Cook, O. Carter-Pokras, D. Brody, and R.
Murphy. 1992. Selected pesticide residues and
metabolites in urine from a survey of the general
population. J. of Toxic, and Environ. Hlth. 37:
277-291.
Mahaffey, K.R., J.L. Annest, J. Roberts, and R.S.
Murphy. 1983. Prevalence of elevated blood lead
levels by selected demographic and
socioeconomic factors (NHANES n). N. Engl. J.
Mcd. 307:573-579.
Murphy, R. and C. Harvey. 1985. Residues and
metabolites of selected persistent halogenated
hydrocarbons in blood specimens from a general
population survey. Environ. Hlth. Persp.
60:115-120.
, F. Kutz, and Strassman. 1983. Selected pesticide
residues or metabolites in blood and urine
specimens from a general population survey.
Environ. Hlth. Persp. 48:81-86.
National Center for Health Statistics. Blood carbon
monoxide levels in persons 3-74 years of age,
U.S., 1976-80. AdvanceDataNo.76. Hyattsville,
MD.
DATABASE(S):
A list of HANES datatapes and publications can be
requested from:
Scientific and Technical Information Branch
Division of Data Services
3700 East-West Highway
Hyattsville, MD 20782
Phone: (301) 436-8500
Page 40
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Public Lands Statistics
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Public Lands Statistics
OFFICE:
Bureau of Land Management
Office of Public Affairs
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
This program provides a national summary of key
statistics for all of the Bureau of Land Management
(BLM) lands, at the state level in most cases.
DATA COVERAGE:
Data summarized include statistics on: mineral and
surface ownership; grazing permits/leases; range
conditions; forest utilization; wildlife populations;
threatened and endangered species; status of wild horses
and burros; cultural resources activities; recreation visits;
and listing of recreation, wilderness, and wilderness study
areas. Data also containnational mineral statistics such as
leasing, permitting, development/exploration activity,
patents issued, and plans of operation approved.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Some data are estimates whereas other data reflect actual
counts or measurements.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Annual.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Most of the surface resource statistics are restricted to the
270 million acres administered by BLM throughout the
United States. Mineral statistics pertain to the 732 million
acres of federal mineral estates subject to surface and
subsurface mineral development. Mineral lands include
public lands administered by BLM and other agencies,
acquired lands, and lands that have been patented with
some or all minerals reserved to the United States.
CONTACT:
June Wrona
Office of Public Affairs
Bureau of Land Management (130)
1849 C Street, NW
Washington, DC 20240
Phone: (202) 208-5717
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
For additional information, pertaining to a particular state
or area, contact the Office of Public Affairs, Bureau of
Land Management in the state of interest.
PUBLICATIONS:
Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management.
1992. Public Land Statistics 1991 (and earlier
reports in this series). Washington, DC.
DATABASE(S):
Various data management systems maintained at
headquarters and state-level offices of the BLM (e.g., the
Grazing Authorization and Billing System, the Range
Management Automated System).
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
Page 41
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Range Site Inventory
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Range Site Inventory
OFFICE:
Bureau of Land Management
Division of Rangeland Resources
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The Range Site Inventory provides an on-the-ground
assessment of rangeland administered by the Bureau of
Land Management (BLM).
DATA COVERAGE:
The Range Site Inventory produces data and maps on
habitat types which can be interpreted, along with other
data, as to their production capabilities and suitability for
grazing, wildlife, recreation, natural beauty, watershed
management, and open space. A range or ecological site
map provides the basic ecological data for planning the
use, development, rehabilitation, and management of
rangeland. To date, data on approximately 89,648,000
acres have been compiled. Additional inventories are
being conducted annually. Data are also used to evaluate
the potential of range ecosystems to produce and sustain
distinctive kinds and amounts of vegetation.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Data arc collected by double sampling range sites
(harvesting and estimating) and soil surveys.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Every ten years.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
All inventories completed to date are within the
administrative boundaries of BLM lands authorized for
livestock grazing in the western United States.
CONTACT:
Jim Fox, Chief
Division of Rangeland Resources
Bureau of Land Management (220)
17251 Street, NW
Premier Building, Room 909
Washington, DC 20240
Phone: (202) 653-9193
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
Contact State Director and Service Center Director of the
affiliated state.
PUBLICATIONS:
U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land
Management. 1976. National Range Handbook.
H-4419-1. Washington, DC.
. 1992. Public Land Statistics 1991 (and earlierreports
in this series). Washington, DC.
DATABASE(S):
Inventory Data System (IDS)
The IDS is maintained at the BLM Service Center
using ASPENY2 database software on a
Honeywell mainframe. BLM uses SITEFORMas
input data to describe soil, vegetation composition
and production, and ecological status as well as
location and climate characteristics.
Page 42
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Timber Sale Information System
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Timber Sale Information System
OFFICE:
Bureau of Land Management
Division of Forestry
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
This program maintains a database on all Bureau of Land
Management (ELM) timber sales. It produces detailed
information on every timber sale offered and/or sold and
is capable of generating reports to give current status of
individual timber sales or summaries of particular
information for any administrative unit from the resource
area level up to the bureau level.
DATA COVERAGE:
Data include information on each cutting unit (e.g.,
acreage, volume, value, and species of timber, uncut
volume and acreage, and unhauled volume and acreage).
For each timber sale, the database has the following
information: appraised value; total purchase price; sale
date; approval date; expiration date; purchaser; total
volume and value by species; unpaid balance; contract
modifications; and termination date.
COLLECTION METHODS:
The information on cutting unit acreage and volume and
appraised sale value is generated when the sale is
advertised.The information on totalpurchase price, value
of cutting units, sale date, purchaser, and total purchase
price is generated when the sale is made. Information on
cutting and payment is generated monthly, and contract
modifications and termination data are generated as they
occur.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Periodically (dependent on activity in the timber sales
program).
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
This program covers all timber sales made by the BLM.
The BLM timber sale program is mostly in California,
Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, and
Wyoming.
CONTACT:
Bob Bierer
Division of Forestry
Bureau of Land Management (230)
1849 C Street, NW
Washington, DC 20240
Phone: (202) 653-8864
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management.
Material Disposal Report (annual). Denver, CO:
Bureau of Land Management.
. 1992. Public Land Statistics 1991 (and earlier reports
in this series). Washington, DC.
DATABASE(S):
Timber Sale Information System
This system is made up of two separate databases
for BLM: the Oregon Consolidated Timber Sale
Information System which covers the states of
Oregon and Washington and the Material Disposal
System which covers all other states.
Consolidated Timber Sale Information System
This system is made up of the following Aspen/2
databases: prospectus information; sale appraisal
information; purchaser information; posting
NO-BIDS; approval and expiration dates; cutting
unit specifics; sale modification entries; timber
payment entries; contract termination and
defaults; and road maintenance, contributed
payments, etc.
Material Disposal System
This system is made up of the following Aspen/2
databases for sawtimber: timber sale contract
information; species summaries; cutting and
hauling information; and sale unit and
modifications information.
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
Page 43
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Minerals Information Program
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Minerals Information Program
OFFICE:
Bureau of Mines
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The Bureau of Mines collects and interprets data
concerning mineral production, consumption, and trade
both in the United States and worldwide. It perform!;
assessments on the worldwide availability of minerals and
identifies potential mineral resources. Comprehensive
analyses arc also made on the impact of government
policies, economic conditions, and political events on the
mineral industry and mineral supplies.
DATA COVERAGE:
Data arc collected on over 100 ferrous, nonferrous, and
industrial mineral commodities, including abrasives,
aluminum, antimony, arsenic, asbestos, natural asphalt,
barium, bauxite, beryllium, bismuth, boron, bromine,
cadmium, calcium, calcium carbonate, cement, cesium,
chromium, clays, cobalt, columbium, copper,
corundum-emery, diamond, diatomite, explosives,
feldspar, ferroalloys, fluorspar, fused alumina, gallium,
garnet, gemstones, germanium, gold, graphite,
grccnsand, gypsum, hafnium, helium, indium, iodine,
iron ore, iron and steel, iron oxide pigments,
kyanitc-mullitc, lead, lime, lithium, magnesium and
magnesium compounds, manganese, mercury, mica,
molybdenum, nepheline syenite, nickel, nitrogen, peat,
perlite, phosphate rock, platinum-group metals, potash,
pumice, quartz crystal, rare earths, rhenium, rubidium,
salt, sand and gravel, scandium, selenium, silicon, silicon
carbide, silver, sodium compounds, staurolite, crushed
stone, dimension stone, strontium, sulfur, talc, tantalum,
tellurium, thallium, thorium, tin, titanium, tripoli,
tungsten, vanadium, vermiculite, wollastonite, yttrium,
zeolites, zinc, and zirconium.
For most of these mineral commodities, statistical
coverage includes uses and production by weight and by
state and country, imports, exports, value, recovery from
scrap, mine locations, mine capacities, and mine wastes.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Bureau of Mines commodity specialists collect data on
specific minerals and materials, and state activity
specialists collect information from U.S. companies
operating mines and mineral processing plants. Country
specialists obtain data from foreign governments, U.S.
embassies, and international publications, and they visit
mines overseas to monitor mineral ..production and
consumption worldwide.
>
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data are collected monthly, quarterly, semi-annually,
and/or annually.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Entire United States and over 160 foreign countries.
CONTACTS:
Donald G. Rogich, Chief
Division of Mineral Commodities
Bureau of Mines
Department of the Interior
2401E Street, NW
Washington, DC 20240
Phone:(202)501-9448
Harry V. Makar, Chief
Branch of Metals
Phope: (202) 501-9432
Jim Lemons, Chief
Branch of Materials
Phone: (202) 501-9572
Aldo F. Barsotti, Chief
Branch of Industrial Minerals
Phone: (202) 501-9399
Bill Engels, Program Manager
Branch of State Activities
Phone: (202) 501-9746
David L. Baraa, Chief
Office of Public Information
Phone: (202) 501-9649
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contacts.
PUBLICATIONS:
Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines. 1992.
Mineral Commodity Summaries 1992 (annual).
Washington, DC.
_
Page 44
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Minerals Information Program
. 1992. State Mineral Summaries 1992 (annual).
Washington, DC.
. The Mineral Position of the United States. Annual
Report of the Secretary of the Interior, under the
Mining and Minerals Policy Act of 1970.
Washington, DC.
. 1992. Minerals Yearbook, 1990. Vol. 1, Metals and
Minerals. Vol. 2, Area Reports: Domestic. .Vol. 3,
Area reports: International. Washington, DC.
- (Individual chapters are available as separate
reports.)
DATABASE(S):
MINES-DATA
Late in 1989, a computer bulletin board service
was introduced by the Bureau of Mines. Coverage
includes aluminum, bauxite, beryllium, bismuth,
cadmium, chromium, copper, gallium, gold and
silver, iron and steel scrap, lead, magnesium,
mercury, molybdenum, platinum-group metals,
silicon, thallium, thorium, tin, titanium,
vanadium, and zinc.
Guide Jo Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
Aygust1993
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DEPARTMENT OFTHE INTERIOR
Master Deed Listing
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Master Deed Listing
OFFICE:
National Park Service
Land Resources Division
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The Master Deed Listing provides data and information
on the number of units and size of all lands within the
authorized boundariesoftheNationalParkService (NFS)
system.
DATA COVERAGE:
Primary data are number of units and size in acres by type
(e.g., national park, national monument, etc.), by
ownership (e.g., federal, private, state or political
subdivision thereof), and by state. Data also include:
owner's name; size of ownership (if federal, how and
when acquired, at what cost, and with what reservations);
and size of NPS unit.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Data are generated through surveys and inventories of
NPS properties.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
The database is updated monthly.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Entire United States, American Samoa, Guam, Puerto
Rico, and the Virgin Islands.
CONTACT:
Rence Minnick, Chief
Coordination and Control Branch
National Park Service
P.O. Box 37127
Washington, DC 20013-7127
Phone:(202)343-3862
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
The Department of the Interior, National Park Service
publishes the following reports as of September 30 and
December 31 annually:
Summary of Acreages (alphabetical by area with
summary by type of unit);
Listing of Acreages by Region (alphabetical by area
within regional jurisdictions);
Listing of Acreage, by State and County (alphabetical by
area on regional basis, showing acreage by
county/state);
Listing of Acreage by State (total acreage by state);
State and County Reports by States (alphabetical by state,
showing acreage by county and area(s) within
county).
DATABASE(S):
Master Deed Listing
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service Gaseous Pollutant Monitoring Network
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service Gaseous Pollutant Monitoring Network
OFFICE:
National Park Service
Air Quality Division
Monitoring and Data Analysis Branch
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The primary objectives of the gaseous pollutant
monitoring program are to: establish existing or baseline
concentrations in National Park Service (NFS) units;
assess trends in air quality inNPS units; judge compliance
with national air quality standards; assist in the
development and revision of national and regional air
pollution control policies for rural areas; provide data for
atmospheric model development and evaluation; and
correlate effects of existing air quality on park resources.
DATA. COVERAGE:
Variables measured include ozone, sulfur dioxide, and
meteorological parameters including wind speed, wind
direction, temperature, dew point, solar radiation, and
precipitation.
COLLECTION METHODS:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reference
or equivalent methods are used to monitor ozone and
sulfur dioxide on a continuous basis. Sulfur dioxide is
measured on a 24-hour time-integrated basis using filter
packs with subsequent analysis of the filters using ion
chromatography. Ozone is measured at 41 NFS areas;
sulfur dioxideat33; and meteorological parameters at39.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Hourly; additionally, sulfur dioxide is collected on a
time-integrated basis with two twenty-four-hour
samples per week.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Nationwide in selected Class I and Class II National Park
units as designated under the Clean Air Act.
CONTACT:
Miguel I. Flores, Chief
Monitoring and Data Analysis Branch
National Park Service - AIR
P.O. Box 25287
Denver, CO 80225
Phone: (303) 969-2072
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
Ron Lawler Heavner or Bob Carson
Air Quality Monitoring Systems Specialists
National Park Service - AIR
P.O. Box 25287
Denver, CO 80225
Phone: (303) 969-2072
PUBLICATIONS:
Technical report series are available on request. The
series are entitled,Gaseous Pollutant and Meteorological
Monitoring Annual Data Summary. The Reports are
available for each National Park area that is in the
network. Requests should be made to the address listed
under For Public Inquiries.
DATABASE(S):
The NFS maintains an environmental database
management system based on ORACLE for internal use.
All NFS data are submitted to the EPA's AIRS database.
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
Page 47
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Recreational Trails, Long-Distance Trail Management, and National Trail Inventory and Plan
Christopher Seller
Outdoor Recreation Planner
National Park Service - 782
P.O. Box 37127
Washington, DC 20013-7127
Phone:(202)343-5267
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
Sec Contacts.
PUBLICATIONS:
National Park Service. 1988. National Recreation Trails
Guide. Washington, DC.
. 1989. Trails of theMid-AtlanticRegion. Washington,
DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
. 1990. Reporton America'sNational Scenic, National
Historic, and National Recreational Trails:
1989-1990. Washington, DC.
DATABASE(S):
Statistical Summary of America's National Recreational
Trails
Statistical Summary of America's Long-Distance Trails
Nationwide Trails Inventory (by NFS Region)
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Wild and Scenic Rivers System
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Wild and Scenic Rivers System
OFFICE:
National Park Service
Park Planning and Protection Division
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
This program is designed to collect data on wild and
scenicrivers of the nation which have outstandingnatural,
recreational, or cultural values, in a free-flowing
condition and which provide for public enjoyment
without destroying those values.
DATA COVERAGE:
The basic statistics are: number and cumulative length of
rivers in the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System;
river miles in the system, including miles by agency
administration and classification (wild, scenic, and
recreational); number of rivers formally studied pursuant
to Congressional direction; and number of rivers and river
mileage potentially eligible for designation as listed on
the Nationwide Rivers Inventory.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Inventory of designated and proposed wild and scenic
rivers.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data for the Nationwide Rivers Inventory were collected
in the late 1970s and early 1980s. National Wild and
Scenic River designations are updated biennially or as
designations occur.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Entire United States.
CONTACTS:
John Haubert
Outdoor Recreation Planner
National Park Service
P.O. Box 37127
Washington, DC 20013-7127
Phone: (202) 208-4290
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
For Nationwide Rivers Inventory contact:
Chris Brown
Outdoor Recreation Planner
National Park Service
P.O. Box 37127
Washington, DC 20013-7127
Phone:(202)343-3765
PUBLICATIONS:
Department of the Interior, National Park Service. 1982.
The Nationwide Rivers Inventory. Washington,
DC.
Olson, W.K. 1988. Natural Rivers and the Public Trust.
Washington, DC.
Watanabe, A. 1988. Two Decades of River Protection: A
Report on the National Wild and Scenic Rivers
System. Washington, DC.
DATABASE(S):
River Mileage Classification for Components of the
National Wild and Scenic Rivers System
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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DEPARTMENT OFTHE INTERIOR
Public Use Analysis and Reporting Program
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Public Use Analysis and Reporting Program
OFFICE:
National Park Service
Public Use Reporting Branch
Socio-Economic Studies Division
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The National Park Service (NFS) public use data
collection program emphasizes timely production of
edited information for a variety of administrative,
resource management, planning, and other technical
applications.
DATA COVERAGE:
Statistical data include: total visits; recreational visits,
visitor hours, and visitor days; nonrecreational visits,
visitor hdurs, and visitor days; bus traffic; and overnight
stays (tent, recreation vehicle, backcountry, concession
lodging, concession campgrounds) by state, region,
category, urban/rural location, theme, fee collection
status, acreage, and wilderness.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Actual counts of visitors entering areas administered by
the NPS. Multipliers and conversion factors used in
compiling data are verified by twelve month sample
surveys of visitors conducted every three years. Monthly
data areauditcd and reconciled before being published by
the end of the third week following the close of the month.
Thirty field audits are conducted by a central office at
major reporting areas every year.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data are collected, edited, and published monthly. The
computer database contains monthly data back to 1979;
paper records go back to 1904.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
All areas of the national park system (National Parks,
Monuments, Recreation Areas, Battlefields, Historic
Sites, etc.) receiving publicuse (326 outof 359 designated
areas) in the continental United States, Alaska, Virgin
Islands, Guam, Hawaii, Samoa, and Puerto Rico.
CONTACTS:
Kenneth Hornback, PhD.
Chief, Socio-Economic Studies Division
National Park Service
Denver Service Center, TNT
P.O. Box 25287 '
Denver, CO 80225
Phone: (303) 969-6977
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
National Park Service
DSC-TNT
P.O. Box 25287
Denver, CO 80225
Phone:(303)969-6977
PUBLICATIONS:
National Park Service. Statistical Abstract (annual).
Washington (Denver): Statistical Office.
. Monthly .Public Use Report. Washington (Denver):
Statistical Office.
DATABASE(S):
On-line access is not available.
Page 52
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Contaminant Bramaratoring Program
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program
OFFICE:
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Fish and Wildlife Enhancement
Division of Environmental Contaminants
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program
(NCBP) is maintained by the Fish and Wildlife Service
(FWS) to document temporal and geographic trends in
concentrations of certain persistent environmental
contaminants that may threaten fish and wildlife. The
NCBP originated as the FWS segment of the National
Pesticide Monitoring Program, a multi-agency
monitoring effort by the member agencies of the Federal
Committee on Pest Control. Since 1965, FWS has
periodically determined concentrations of potentially
toxic elements and selected organochlorine chemicals in
fish and wildlife collected from a nationwide network of
stations. The NCBP is being phased out with the
implementation of the broader Biomonitoring of
Environmental Status and Trends (BEST) Program.
DATA COVERAGE:
Organochlorine chemical residues measured in fresh-
water fish, starlings, and waterfowl samples and analyzed
for trends include: p,p'-DDT and DDT-metabolites,
p,p'-DDE and p,p'-DDD (TDE); PCBs (aroclor 1242,
1248, 1254,1260); aldrin, dieldrin, endrin; heptachlor;
heptachlor epoxide; chlordane (five isomers); toxa-
phene;benzenehexachloride; lindane; hexachloroben-
zene; methoxychlor; mirex;pentachloroanisole; and dac-
thal. In addition, freshwater fish are analyzed for elemen-
tal contaminants, including: arsenic; cadmium; copper;
lead; mercury; selenium; and zinc.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Composite samples of whole freshwater fish are collected
in replicate from 112 stations in major rivers throughout
the United States and in the Great Lakes. Preferred fish
species, methods of collecting, shipping, archiving, and
preparing samples, and data analysis procedures are
described in Ribick et al., 1983; Lowe et al., 1985;
Schmidtt et al., 1990; Schmidtt and Brumbaugh, 1990
(See Publications). Quality control samples are analyzed
to estimate accuracy and precision of results.
Starlings are collected in replicate from 139 terrestrial
sites in the contiguous 48 states. Chemical and statistical
methodologies are described in Bunck et al., 1987.
Wings of mallards and black ducks shot by hunters in the
continental United States are collected to assess body
burden of organochlorine compounds in migratory birds.
Procedures for collecting, pooling, sample preparation,
chemical analysis, and statistical analysis are described in
Cain, 1981 and Prouty and Bunck, 1986.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
This monitoring program has continued at two- to
four-year intervals since 1965.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
The fishmonitoringnetwork covers the major rivers of the
United States and the Great Lakes. Starling collection
sites are located within each five-degree block of latitude
and longitude in the contiguous 48 states. Mallards are
collected throughout the continental United States and
black duck are collected from the Atlantic Flyway.
CONTACTS:
Chief
Division of Environmental Contaminants
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
4401N. Fairfax Drive
Suite 330
Arlington, VA 22203
Phone: (703) 358-2148
Christopher J. Schmitt (fish data)
Fishery Biologist
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
National Fisheries Contamin&it Research Center
4200 New Haven Road
Columbia, MO 65201
Phone: (314) 875-1800
James K. Aiidreasen (all data)
Division of Environmental Contaminants
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
4401 North Farifax Drive
Arlington, VA 22203
Phone: (703) 358-2148
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
Page 53
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DEPARTMENT OFTHE INTERIOR
National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
Sec Contacts.
PUBLICATIONS:
Bunck, C.M., R.M. Prouty, and AJ. Krynitsky. 1987.
Residues of organochlorine pesticides and
polychlorobiphenyls in starlings (Sturnus
vulgaris) from the continental United States,
1982. Environ. Mon. Assess. 8:59-75.
Cain, B.W. 1981. Nationwide residues of organochlorine
compounds in wings of adult mallards and black
ducks, 1979-80. Pesticide Mon. J. 15:128-134.
Lowe, T.P., T.W. May, W.G. Brumbaugh, and D. A. Kane.
1985. National Contaminant Biomonitoring
Program: Concentrations of seven elements in
freshwater fish, 1978-1981. Arch. Environ.
Contam. Toxcol. 14:363-388.
Prouty, R.M. and C.M. Bunck. 1986. Organochlorine
residues in adult mallard and black duck wings,
1981-82. Environ. Mon. Assess. 6:49-57.
Schmidtt, CJ. and W.G. Brumbaugh. 1990. National
Contaminant Biomonitoring Program:
Concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead,
mercury, selenium, and zinc in U.S. freshwater
fish, 1976-1984. Arch. Environ, Contam.
Toxicol. 19:731-747.
Schmidlt, C.J., M.A. Ribick, J.L. Ludke, and T.W. May.
1983. Organochlorine Residues in Freshwater
Fish, 1976-1979. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Publication 152. Washington, DC.
Schmitt, CJ., J.L. Zajicek and M.A. Ribick. 1985.
National PesticideMonitoring Program: Residues
of organochlorine chemicals in U.S. freshwater
fish, 1980-81. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
14:225-260.
Schmitt, CJ., J.L. Zajicek and P.H. Peterman. 1990.
National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program:
Residues of organochlorine chemicals in U.S.
freshwater fish, 1976-1984. Arch. Environ.
Contam. Toxicol. 19:748-781.
DATABASE(S):
Environmental Contaminant Data Management System
(ECDMS)
The ECDMS is the cataloging, sample
management, and data storage system for residue
data from field studies conducted by the Fish and
Wildlife Service. Data are from same matrices
consisting of animal and plant tissues, sediments,
soils, and water. The system contains data on
pesticides, elements, PCBs, and other compounds.
Page 54
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation
OFFICE:
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Federal Aid Division
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and
Wildlife-Associated Recreation has been conducted
every five years since 1955. It represents one of the oldest
and most comprehensive continuing recreation surveys.
The purpose of the survey is to gather information on the
number of anglers, hunters, and non-consumptive
wildlife recreation participants in the United States, as
well as how often they participate and how much money
they spend on these activities. Non-consumptive
recreationists are those who enjoy photographing,
observing, and feeding wildlife.
DATA COVERAGE:
Numerical data include: number of participants in differ-
enttypes of hunting, fishing, and wildlife-associated rec-
reation activities; days of participation and trips; species
hunted and fished; types of expenditures; and selected so-
cioeconomic characteristics of participants.
COLLECTION METHODS:
The 1985 survey was conducted in two phases. In the first
phase, a sample of almost 110,000 households nationwide
was screened, mostly by telephone, to determine who in
the household had participated in wildlife activities. The
second phase of the survey consisted of detailed
in-person interviews conducted with subsamples of
anglers, hunters, and non-consumptive wildlife
participants who were identified in the screening phase.
Sample sizes were designed to provide statistically
reliable results atthestate level for the surveyed activities.
In 1985, a total of 33,973 anglers and hunters and 30,177
non-consumptive users were in the detailed sample.
Some changes have been made in the 1991 survey design.
For example, telephone interviews were conducted three
times during the year (as opposed to once) and
interviewees were asked to recall hunting, fishing, and
non-consumptive activities for the previous four months
(as opposed to one-year recall). Despite these changes,
data from the 1991 survey will be comparable with
previous survey results.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Five-year intervals (except between the 1985 and 1991
surveys because additional time was required to revise
survey design).
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
The entire United States.
CONTACT:
Sylvia Cabrera
Federal Aid Division
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Mailstop 322 ARLSQ
4401 North Fairfax Drive
Arlington, VA 22030
Phone:(703)358-2156
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
Richard Aiken
Federal Aid Division
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Mailstop 322 ARLSQ
4401 North Fairfax Drive
Arlington, VA 22030
Phone: (703) 358-2156
PUBLICATIONS:
Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service.
1988.1985 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting,
and Wildlife-Associated Recreation (and earlier
reports in this series). Washington, DC.
. 1988. Net Economic Recreation Values for Deer, Elk,
and Waterfowl Hunting and Bass Fishing, 1985.
Fish and Wildlife Service Report 85-1.
Washington, DC.
. 1988. Net Economic Values of Non-Consumptive
Wildlife-Related Recreation, 1985. Fish and
Wildlife Service Report 85-2. Washington, DC.
. 1989. Wildlife-Related Recreation on Public Lands,
1985. Fish and Wildlife Service Report 85-3.
Washington, DC.
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
Page 55
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DEPARTMENT OFTHE INTERIOR
National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation
~. 1989. Hunting on Wetlands, 1985. Fish and Wildlife
Service Report 85-4. Washington, DC.
. 1989. Black Bass Fishing in the United States. Fish
and Wildlife Service Report 85-6. Washington,
DC.
. 1989. Trout Fishing in the United States Fish and
Wildlife Service Report 85-7. Washington, DC.
. 1993. 1991 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting and
Wildlife-Associated Recreation. Washington,
DC.
DATABASE(S):
The database provides the statistics described under Data
Coverage. Public access by data tape or diskette is
available.
Page 56
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Wetlands Inventory
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Wetlands Inventory
OFFICE:
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Fish and Wildlife Enhancement
Branch of Special Projects
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
In 1975, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service established the
National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) to develop
technically sound and comprehensive information on the
characteristics and extent of wetland resources in the
United States.
DATA COVERAGE:
Status and trends information is available for selected
wetland types including: estuarine wetlands; palustrine
wetlands; lacustrine wetlands; and deepwater habitats in
the lower forty-eight states. In addition, statistical data
are available for coastal waters and bay bottoms, coastal
marshlands and mangroves, recent changes in inland
vegetated wetlands, recent changes in lacustrine
deepwater habitats, estimates of current annual wetland
losses, estimates of wetland losses by flyways, states with
significant changes in wetland resources, indicators of
development pressures on wetland resources, and causes
of wetland losses. The Emergency Wetlands Resources
Act of 1986 requires that updates of the wetland status and
trends be produced on a 10-year cycle with reports due in
1990, 2000, 2010, etc.
COLLECTION METHODS:
A stratified random sample is used with the basic data
strata being formed by state boundaries and the 35
physical subdivisions described by E.H. Hammond
(1970). Additional strata specific to the study are special
coastal strata encompassing the Marine Intertidal
category, the Estuarine System, and other strata
encompassing the Great lakes. This results in over 200
strata for the study. Sample units are allocated to strata in
proportion to the expected amount of wetland and
deepwater habitat acreage as estimated by earlier work.
Each sample unit is a four-square-mile area, two miles on
each side. After the units are selected at random within
strata and plotted on U.S. Geological Survey topographic
maps, aerial photography is obtained for the new time
period. All wetland and deepwater habitat changes are
marked as to cause, either natural or human induced. The
photointerpreted data for each unit is then prepared for
computer analysis. Several quality control checks are
routinely made to eliminate errors.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data are collected continuously with updates on a
ten-year cycle. The 1990 update provides trend data on
wetlands losses and gains between the 1970s and the
1980s.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
The wetland mapping phase of the project has produced
map coverage for approximately seventy percent of the
lower forty-eight states, twenty-two percent of Alaska,
and all of Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and Guam. Wetland status
and trends information is designed to provide statistical
estimates on a national basis (lower forty-eight states). In
addition, regional intensification studies are available for
the Chesapeake Bay Region (Delaware, Maryland,
Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Virginia), and the
Central Valley of California. Other statewide status
information is available for the states of Florida,
Delaware, New Jersey, Illinois, Washington, Maryland,
and Connecticut. Status reports covering the coastal
wetlands of Alaska and the Prairie Pothole Region (North
Dakota, South Dakota, Minnesota) are also available.
CONTACTS:
Thomas E. Dahl
information.
for wetlands status and trends
Linda Shaffer - for digital wetland map information.
National Wetlands Inventory
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
9720 Executive Center Drive
Suite 101 Monroe Building
St. Petersberg, FL 33702-2440
Phone: (813) 893-3624
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
Earth Sciences Information Center
U.S. Geological Survey
507 National Center
Reston, VA 22092
Phone: (703)860-6045
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
Page 57
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Wetlands Inventory
National Wetland Inventory maps can be ordered by
calling:
1-800-USA-MAPS
In Virginia: (703)648-6045
PUBLICATIONS:
Dahl,T.E.1990.WctlandsLossesintheUnitedStatesmid
1780s to mid 1980s. Washington, DC: U.S.
Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife
Service.
~ and C.E. Johnson. 1991. Status and Trends of
Wetlands in the Conterminous United States, mid
1970's to mid 1980's. Washington, DC: U.S.
Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife
Service.
Prayer, WE., TJ. Monahan, DC Bowden, and F.A.
Graybill. 1983. Status and Trends of Wetlands and
Deepwater Habitats in the Conterminous United
States 1950s to 1970s. Colorado State University:
Department of Forest and Wood Science.
Hammond, E.H. 1970. Physical Subdivisions of the
United States. In: National Atlas of the United
States. Reston, VA: U.S. Geological Survey.
Hefner, J.M. and J.D. Brown. 1985. Wetland Trends in the
SoutheasternUnited States. Atlanta, GA: Fish and
Wildlife Service.
Tiner, R.W. Jr. 1984. Wetlands of the United States:
Current Status and Recent Trends. Washington,
DC: Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife
Service.
Wilen, B.C. and W.E. Prayer. 1988. Status and Trends of
U.S. Forested Wetlands. In: Proceedings of the
International Forested Wetlands Resource:
Identification and Inventory. Baton Rouge, LA.
. and R.W. Tiner Jr. 1989. The National Wetlands
Inventory - the First Ten Years. In: Wetlands:
Concerns and Successes. American Water
Resources Assoc.
DATABASE(S):
Wetland Plant Species Database
The database is a listing of plants occurring in
wetlands, as defined by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service's wetland definition and classification
system. It lists scientific and common names and
distribution of 6,728 plant species. It can be
accessed by family, scientific, or common name,
region, state, and wetland indicator status. The
database is updated as additional information is
received.
State and regional subdivisions of the Wetland
Plant Species Database are available on floppy
disks from:
BIODATA,Inc.
13950 West 20th Avenue
Golden, CO 80401
Phone: (303)278-1046
Books
Books contains bibliographic citations for almost
300 sources such as national, regional, and state
floras, checklists, and botanical manuals used to
compile the Wetland Plant Species Database.
Wetland Values Citation Database
This is a bibliographic database with over 12,000
listings of worldwide published scientific
literature on wetland functions and values. It has
an extensive number of searchable fields,
including geographic descriptors, hydrological
units, ecological regions, and wetlands types, as
well assubject, title, and abstractfields. Itincludes
literature from the 1950s to the present.
Information on the Wetlands Values Citation
Database is available from:
Paul Alford
National Wetlands Inventory
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services
9720 Executive Center Drive
Suite 101 Monroe Building
St. Petersberg, FL 33702-2440
Phone: (813)893-3624
Wetland Geographic Information System
The National Wetlands Inventory is constructing a
geo-referenced wetland databaseusinggeograph-
ic information system (GIS) technologies. Three
systems comprise the GIS:
(1) The Wetlands Analytical Mapping System
(WAMS);
(2) The Map Overlay and Statistical System
(MOSS); and
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Wetlands Inventory
(3) The Cartographic Output System (COS). To
date, more than 7,746 NWI maps representing
12.8% of the continental United States have been
digitized. Statewide databases have been built for
New Jersey, Indiana, Washington, Illinois, Dela-
ware, and Maryland and are in progress for Virgin-
ia, Minnesota, South Dakota, and South Carolina.
NWI digital data are also available for portions of
33 otherstates. Wetland GIS database files maybe
purchased from The National Wetlands Inventory
office in St. Petersburg, FL (see Contacts).
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
North American Breeding Bird Survey
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
North American Breeding Bird Survey
OFFICE:
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Office of Migratory Bird Management
Patuxent Wildlife Research Center
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The Breeding Bird Survey Program, started in 1966,
providesauniformbasis for assessinglong-term trends in
avian populations throughout North America.
DATA COVERAGE:
Total number of individuals recorded by species, survey
route, and state are available. Long-term trend analyses
are performed every two years.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Field procedures provide uniform sampling of bird
populations by major physiographic regions across the
continent. The data collection methods, which involve
ccnsusingof birds by sightand sound forspecified periods
of time along established survey routes during the
brecdingseason(usuallythemonthofJune), and methods
for data processing and analysis are described inRobbins,
Bystrak and Geissler (1986).
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data arc collected annually.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Randomly distributed roadside routes have been
established within each one degree block of latitude and
longitude in the conterminous United States and the
roadcd areas of Alaska and Canada.
CONTACT:
Bruce Peterjohn, Ornithologist
Patuxent Wildlife Research Center
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Department of the Interior
Laurel, MD 20708
Phone: (301) 498-0330
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Droege, S. and J.R. Sauer. 1990. North American
Breeding Bird Survey Annual Summary 1989
Stud. Avian Biol. 90(8). Washington, DC: U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service. ,
Robbins, C.S., D. Bystrak and P. Geissler. 1986. The
Breeding .Bird Survey: Its First 15 Years,
1965-1979. Resource Pub. No. 157. Washington,
DC: Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife
Service. ;
DATABASE(S):
Breeding Bird Survey Database
This database contains raw counts, weather
information, route histories, and observer
, information. , i
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Lands
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Lands
OFFICE:
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Division of Realty
Branch of Operations
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
There are two primary data series that are compiled and
reported to the general public: the "Annual Report of
Lands Under Control of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service" and the "Migratory Bird Conservation
Commission Annual Report."
DATA COVERAGE:
The following data are collected: unit number and
acreages; acquisition type; and location of FWS
properties, including National Wildlife Refuges,
Waterfowl Production Areas, and National Fish
Hatcheries, coordination areas, and administrative sites.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Inventories of property are conducted for the Real
Property Management Information System.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Updated annually since 1945.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
The contiguous United States, Alaska, Hawaii, and
associated governments and possessions.
CONTACT:
Olivia A. Short
Chief, Branch of Operations
Division of Realty
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Mailstop 622 ARLSQ
4401 North Fairfax Drive
Arlington, VA 22030
Phone: (703) 358-1811
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service.
1992. Annual Report of Lands Under Control of
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service as of September
30, 1992. Washington, DC: Department of the
Interior.
. Migratory Bird Conservation Commission: Annual
Report. Washington, DC: Department of the
Interior.
DATABASE(S):
Real Property Information System (using Paradox
software).
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DEPARTMENT OFTHE INTERIOR
Waterfowl Breeding Population and Habitat Survey
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Waterfowl Breeding Population and Habitat Survey
OFFICE:
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Office of Migratory Bird Management
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
This survey is designed to provide annual breeding
population estimates and measure breeding habitat
changes over a major portion of the duck,goose, and swan
breeding ranges in North America.
DATA COVERAGE:
Variables measured include number of breeding
waterfowl by species (for example, northern pintail and
mallard, Canada goose, canvasback and redhead, and
Tundra swan) and number of waterbodies (ponds)
available' during the breeding season. Annual
comparisons and long-term trend information are
available.
COLLECTION METHODS:
This survey is an aerial plot survey. Individual duck,
goose, and swan populations by species and ponds are
counted on strip transects that total 71,110 kilometers for
anapproximatelyonepercentsampleofthetotalsurveyed
area. Detcctability bias is corrected through the use of a
double-sampling scheme. Waterfowl along a small
portion of the transect lengths are counted from the
ground. These counts represent a census, allowing the
correction of the aerial counts by using ratio estimators.
The number of breeding waterfowl for each species and
the number of waterbodies is the target population.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data collected on an annual basis.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Includes the fifty states, Yukon Territory, Northwest
Territories, Alberta, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, western
Ontario, North and South Dakota, and Montana.
CONTACT:
Dr. Robert J. Blohm, Chief
Branch of Operations
Office of Migratory Bird Management
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Mailstop634ARLSQ
4401 North Fairfax Drive
Arlington, VA 22030
Phone: (703) 358-1838
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Canadian Wildlife
Service. 1987. Standard Operating Procedures for
Aerial Waterfowl Breeding Ground Population
and Habitat Surveys in North America.
Washington, DC.
. Trends in Duck Breeding Populations (annual).
Laurel, MD: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
Office of Migratory Bird Management.
. StatusofWaterfowlandFallFlightForecast(annual).
Laurel, MD: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
Office of Migratory Bird Management.
DATABASE(S):
For data information, see Contact.
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Hydrologic Bench-Mark Network Program
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Hydrologic Bench-Mark Network Program
OFFICE:
U.S. Geological Survey
Water Resources Division
Office of Water Quality
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
TheNationalHydrologicBench-MarkNetworkProgram
was initiated in 1964 to provide a nationally uniform basis
for assessing long-term trends in the physical and
chemical characteristics of surface waters largely
unaffected by land use activities. Water quality
monitoringiscarriedoutin basins where there is generally
no man-made storage, regulation, or diversion.
Groundwater in hydrologic benchmark basins is not
affected by pumping, and the probability is small that
human activity would increase within the basin.
DATA COVERAGE:
Principal constituents monitored in freshwater and
analyzed for trends are pH, alkalinity, sulfate, nitrate,
phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium,
chloride, suspended sediment, fecal coliform bacteria,
fecal streptococcal bacteria, dissolved oxygen, and
dissolved oxygen deficit. Trace elements monitored in
freshwater and analyzed for trends are arsenic, cadmium,
chromium, iron, lead, manganese, mercury, selenium, and
zinc. The following radionuclides are also monitored but
have not been analyzed for trends: gross alpha, gross beta,
radium-226, and uranium.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Data-collection stations are maintained at selected
locations to provide standardized records on surface- and
ground-water conditions. A variety of automated
instruments are used to measure and record water
nditions.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data are collected monthly at four percent of the sites,
bimonthly at eighteen percent of the sites, and quarterly at
seventy-eight percent of the sites. Trace element
collection is quarterly only, and radionuclides are only
collected semiannually.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Coverage includes fifty-eight locations in thirty-seven
states.
CONTACTS:
Richard A. Smith, Hydrologist
Water Resources Division
U.S. Geological Survey
410 National Center
Reston, VA 22092
Phone: (703) 648-6870
Richard B. Alexander, Hydrologist
Water Resources Division
U.S. Geological Survey
410 National Center
Reston, VA 22092
Phone: (703) 648-6869
Timothy Miller
National Networks Coordinator
Water Resources Division
U.S. Geological Survey
412 National Center
Reston, VA 22092
Phone: (703) 648-6868
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
For general information about the USGS water data
program, contact the National Water Information
Clearinghouse at (800) 426-9000.
For state-level information about the USGS water data
program, contact the District Chief of the USGS District
Office in the state of interest. Addresses and telephone
numbers for each District office are given in the Water
Resources Division Information Guide.
For information about the USGS water data program
networking, contactTimothy Miller (see Contacts above).
For information about the USGS water data program
administration, contact:
Assistant Chief Hydrologist for Operations
U.S. Geological Survey
441 National Center
Reston, VA 22092
Phone:(703)648-5031
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S Government
August 1993
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Hydrotogtc Bench-Mark Network Program
PUBLICATIONS:
Data on strcamflow, ground-water levels, and water
quality of surface and ground water are available for each
state by water year in a publication series entitled "U.S.
Geological Survey Water-Data Reports." These reports
may be purchased from the National Technical
Information Service (NTIS), U.S. Department of
Commerce,Springfield,VA22161.Reference copies can
be inspected at appropriate USGS offices nationwide.
Data are also available in tables, charts, and
machine-readable files.
DATABASE(S):
Water Data Storage and Retrieval System (WATSTORE)
WATSTOREcontainssurfacewaterdataandother
water quality and water resource data from the
NationalHydrologicBench-MarkNetwork.Data
are available on magnetic medium and as hard
copy.
Information about the data system and computer-related
matters can be obtained from:
USGS Branch of Computer Technology
440 National Center
Rcston.VA 22092
Phone: (703) 648-5605
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Land Use and Land Cover Mapping Program
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Land Use and Land Cover Mapping Program
OFFICE:
U.S. Geological Survey
Office of Geographic and Cartographic Research
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
As part of its National Mapping Program, the USGS
produces and distributes land use and land cover maps and
digitized data. Land use refers to human activities that are
directly related to the land. Land cover describes the
vegetation, water, natural surface, and artificial
constructions atthe land surface. Associated maps display
information on political units, hydrologic units, census
county subdivisions, and in some cases, federal land
ownership.
DATA COVERAGE:
Land use and land cover areas are classified into nine
major classes: urban or built-up land; agricultural land;
rangeland; forestland; water areas; wetlands; barrenland;
tundra; and perennial snow or ice. Each major class is
subdivided into several minor classes, for thirty-seven
minor classes total. For example, forest lands are further
classified as deciduous, evergreen, or mixed forest land,
and water is further classified as streams and canals, lakes,
reservoirs, or bays and estuaries.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Remotesensingdata are used, includingsatellite imagery,
high-altitude imagery, medium-altitude remote sensing
(1:20,000) imagery, and low-altitude imagery.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data were collected in the late 1970s and early 1980s.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
1:250,000 maps are available for the continental United
States. Digitized data at 1:250,000 scale are available for
most of the East, Midwest, West Coast, and parts of the
Rocky Mountain states and Texas. A few areas, including
Hawaii, are available at 1:100,000 scale.
CONTACT:
Richard L. Kleckner
Office of Geographic and Cartographic Research
U.S. Geological Survey
590 National Center
Reston, VA 22092
Phone: (703) 648-5741
Kathy F. Lins
Office of Geographic and Cartographic Research
512 National Center
Reston, VA 22092
Phone: (703) 648-4535
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
Earth Sciences Information Center
U.S. Geological Survey
507 National Center
Reston, VA 22092
Phone: (703) 860-6045
To order maps, call 1-800-USA-MAPS.
PUBLICATIONS:
Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey. 1986.
Land Use and Land Cover Digital Data from
1:250,000 - and 1:100,000 Scale Maps, U.S.
Geodata Users Guide 4. Washington, DC:
Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological
Survey.
DATABASE(S):
U.S.GeoData
The U.S.GeoData database contains digitized data
on land use and land cover (see above description),
elevation models, digital line graphs forplanimet-
ric data, and geographic names information. Land
use and land cover data are produced in two for-
mats (the vector polygon and the composite theme
grid cell) and are available in ASCIIcharacter orin
IBM binary format from the Earth Sciences In-
formation Center. Summary land use data for cen-
sus county subdivisions, hydrologic units, and
political units are available onmicrofiche from the
Earth Sciences Information Center.
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
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DEPARTMENT OFTHE INTERIOR
National Stream Quality Accounting Network
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Stream Quality Accounting Network
OFFICE:
U.S. Geological Survey
Water Resources Division
Office of Water Quality
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The National Stream Quality Accounting Network
(NASQAN) program, started in 1972, provides a
nationally uniform basis for assessing large-scale and
long-term trends inthephysical, chemical, andbiological
characteristics of the nation's surface waters. Water
quality monitoring is carried out at the stations which are
generally located on major rivers at the downstream end
of the accounting unit.
DATA COVERAGE:
Principal constituents monitored in freshwater and
analyzed for trends are pH, alkalinity, sulfate, nitrate,
phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium,
chloride, suspended sediment, fecal coliform bacteria,
fecal streptococcal bacteria, dissolved oxygen, and
dissolved oxygen deficit.
Trace elements monitored in freshwater and analyzed for
trends are arsenic, cadmium, chromium, iron, lead,
manganese, mercury, selenium, and zinc.
Also operating within NASQAN is the Radiochemical
Surveillance Network consisting of 46 sampling sites.
The following radionuclides are also monitored at
forty-sixsitesbuthavenotbeen analyzed fortrendsrgross
alpha, gross beta, radium-226, and uranium. Additional
radiochemical data are collected from the Tritium
Network, which monitors tritium concentrations at 13
streamflow and 9 atmospheric precipitation sampling
sites throughout the United States.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Data-collection stations are maintained at selected
locations to provide standardized records on surface- and
ground-water conditions. A variety of automated
instruments are used to measure and record water
conditions. Standard laboratory analyses are performed
on samples according to the substance being measured.
Quality control procedures are carried out in the
laboratory.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data are collected bimonthly at fifty-eight percent of sites
and quarterly at forty-two percent of sites. Trace element
collection is quarterly and radionuclides are collected
semianiuially. Annual data summaries are available for
each state.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Coverage includes: twenty-one water resource regions,
213 water resource subregions, 411 monitoring stations,
and the fifty states plus Puerto Rico.
CONTACTS:
Richard A. Smith, Hydrologist
Water Resources Division
U.S. Geological Survey
410 National Center
Reston,VA 22092
Phone: (703) 648-6870
Richard Alexander, Hydrologist
Water Resources Division
U.S. Geological Survey
410 National Center
Reston,VA 22092
Phone: (703) 648-6869
Timothy Miller
National Networks Coordinator
Water Resources Division
U.S. Geological Survey
412 National Center
Reston,VA 22092
Phone: (703) 648-6868
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
For general information about the USGS water data
program, contact the National Water Information
Clearinghouse at (800) 426-9000.
For state-level information about the USGS water data
program, contact the District Chief of the USGS District
Office in the state of interest. Addresses and telephone
numbers for each District office are given in the Water
Resources Division Information Guide.
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Stream Quality Accounting Network
For information about the USGS water data program
networking, contactTimothyMiller(seeContactsabove).
For information about the USGS water data program
administration, contact:
Assistant Chief Hydrologist for Operations
U.S. Geological Survey
441 National Center
Reston,VA 22092
Phone: (703) 648-5031
PUBLICATIONS:
Alexander, R.B. and R.A. Smith. 1988. Trends in lead
concentrations in major U.S. rivers and their
relation to historical changes in gasoline-lead
consumption. Water Resources Bulletin.
24:557-569.
Gilliom, R.J., R.B. Alexander, and R.A. Smith. 1985.
Pesticides in the Nation's Rivers, 1975-1980 and
Implications for Future Monitoring. U.S.
Geological Survey Water Supply Paper No. 2271.
Reston, VA: Department of the Interior.
Hirsch, R.M., J.R. Slack, and R.A. Smith. 1982.
Techniques of trend analysis for monthly water
quality data. Water Resources Research.
18:107-121.
Smith, R.A., R.B. Alexander, and G. Wolman. 1987.
Water quality trends in the nation's rivers. Science
235:1607-1615.
--. 1987. Analysis and Interpretation of Water-Quality
Trends in Major U.S. Rivers, 1974-81. U.S.
Geological Survey Water-Supply PaperNo.2307.
Reston, VA.
Smith, R.A. and R.B. Alexander. 1985. Trends in
concentrations of dissolved solids, suspended
sediment, total phosphorus, and inorganic
nitrogen at U.S. Geological Survey National
Stream Quality Accounting Network stations.
In: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper
No. 2275. Reston, VA.
. 1983. A Statistical Summary of Data from the U.S.
Geological Survey's National Water Quality
Networks. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File
Report No. 85-533. Reston, VA.
. 1982. A Study of Trends in Dissolved Oxygen and
Fecal Coliform Bacteria at NASQAN Stations
U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report No.
82-1019. Reston, VA.
Smith, R.A., R.M. Hirsch, and J.R. Slack. 1982. A Study
of Trends in Total Phosphorus Measurements at
NASQAN Stations. U.S. Geological Survey
Water-Supply Paper No. 2190. Reston, VA.
DATABASE(S):
Water Data Storage and Retrieval System (WATSTORE)
WATSTORE contains surface water data and other water
quality and water resource data from the National Stream
and Quality Accounting Network. Data are available on
magnetic medium and as hard copy.
Information about the data system and computer-related
matters can be obtained from:
Branch of Computer Technology
USGS
440 National Center
Reston, Virginia 22092
Phone:(703)648-5605
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Add Deposition Program / National Trends Network
INTERAGENCY PROGRAM
National Acid Deposition Program / National Trends Network
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The National Acid Deposition Program/National Trends
Network (NADP/NTN) was the first, and continues to be
the only U.S. network to monitor precipitation chemistry
on a national scale. The current network consists of 196
sites in the conterminous U.S., Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and
American Samoa. Sites are located in predominantly
rural areas to avoid localized influences of large point
sources and major urban centers. Nearly 14 years of
continuous data are available from sites with the greatest
longevity; many of these sites are associated with State
Agricultural Experiment Stations.
The primary objective of the NADP/NTN network is to
determine geographic patterns of temporal trends in
chemical deposition. The program provides scientists,
managers and policy makers with weekly precipitation
chemistry data and information on geographical patterns
and temporal trends in concentrations and deposition of
hydrogen (H), sulfate (SO4), nitrate (NO3), ammonium
(NH4), calcium (Ca), magnesium (mg), sodium (Na),
potassium (K), chloride (Cl), and ortho-phosphate (PO4)
ions in precipitation. Final, quality-assured data are
available to a multitude of data users upon request, within
six months of sample collection.
DATA COVERAGE:
Principal constituents monitored in precipitation and
analyzed for trends are pH, specific conductance,
hydrogen ions, sulfate and nitrate ions, ammonium and
calcium ions, and chloride, magnesium, sodium, and
potassium ions.
COLLECTION METHODS:
The NADP/NTN monitoring program has developed
criteria and protocols which ensure uniformity in siting,
sampling methods, analytical techniques, data handling,
and overall network operations. Precipitation is collected
by wet/dry precipitation collectors and rain gages.
Analytical methods for the chemical variables measured
are: laboratory pH; field pH; laboratory conductivity;
electrometricdetcctionofhydrogen(also reported as pH);
automated colorimetric detection of ammonium; atomic
absorption spectrophotometric detection of calcium,
magnesium, sodium, and potassium; and ion
chromatographic detection of sulfate, nitrate, and
chloride. Methodologies are described in National
Atmospheric Deposition Program (1988) - See
Publications. This interagency program involves
participation by many federal agencies.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Samples are collected weekly. Data from some sites are
available from 1979.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
The entire United States; however, not all states have
stations located within their boundaries. The trend
analysis report covers nineteen stations located mainly
in the eastern United States.
CONTACT:
Ranard J. Pickering
U.S. Geological Survey
416 National Center
Reston.VA 22092
Phone: (703) 648-6875
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
Carol Simmons
NADP/NTN Coordinator
Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory
Colorado State University
Ft. Collins, CO 80523
Phone: (303) 491-5580
PUBLICATIONS:
National Atmospheric Deposition Program. 1988.
NADP/NTN Site Operation Instruction Manual.
Ft. Collins, CO: Colorado State University,
Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory.
--. 1991. NADP/NTN Annual Data Summary:
Precipitation Chemistry in the United States,
1990. Ft. Collins, CO: Colorado State University,
Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory.
Schertz, T.L. and R.M. Hirsch. 1985. Trend Analysis of
Weekly Acid Rain Data, 1978-83. U.S.
Geological Survey Water Resources
Investigations Report WR185-4211. Reston, VA.
Sisterson, D.L., V.C. Bowersox, A.R. Olsen, T.P. Meyers
and R.J. Vong. 1990. Acidic Deposition: State of
Science and Technology, Report 6: Deposition
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Trends Network
MonitoringMethods and Results. Washington,
DC: National Acidic Precipitation Assessment
Program.
DATABASE(S):
The Acid Deposition System (ADS)
The ADS database contains all data from the
NADP/NTN precipitation chemistry monitoring
program along with data from several other North
American precipitation chemistry networks.
For more information, see Contact.
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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DEPARTMENT OFTHE INTERIOR
National Water Conditions Reporting System
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Water Conditions Reporting System
OFFICE;
U.S. Geological Survey
Water Resources Division
Office of Scientific Information Management
Hydrologic Information Unit
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
This program collects and analyzes streamflow data from
190 sites in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico;
groundwater levels from about 200 sites in the
conterminous United States; reservoir contents from 100
reservoirs in the United States and Canada; and limited
water-quality data from five sites on major rivers. These
data, or summaries thereof, are published in the free
monthly newsletter, "National Water Conditions."
DATA COVERAGE:
Streamflow data include maximum, minimum, and mean
monthly discharge, and also maximum and minimum
daily discharges for the period of record. Classed data
(quartiles) for the current thirty-year reference period
(1951-80 at this time) include monthly, quarterly, and
annual (water-year and calendar year) means.
Pcriod-of-rccord monthly averages, maximums and
minimums are available for groundwater levels,
reservoirs, and water quality data.
Data reveal trends in stream flow and volume (for
example, effects of droughts, floods, and reservoirs on
discharges). Spatial data (e.g. maps) and descriptive text
arc generated from the data.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Sampling locations and rivers sampled are selected so as
to provide an overall picture of conditions in the nation.
Selection criteria depend upon purpose (e.g., majorrivers
are chosen by streamflow). The data collection design is
based on professional judgment that data are
representative; a statistical design was not developed or
implemented.
Data parameters are measured by recording
instrumentation and stored in the WATSTORE database.
USGS personnel extract the data from WATSTORE and
the external source listed under Databases (below) and
conduct statistical analyses to produce trends in national
water conditions.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Frequency includes: monthly means for all streamflow
with highest, lowest, and last available day of month for
some sites; month end reservoir contents; and month end
groundwater levels.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Entire United States, Puerto Rico, and southern Canada.
Streamflow sites were selected to provide enough data to
define maps of streamflow conditions on a monthly basis.
Reservoirs were selected to provide a general picture.
Groundwater network provides data on areas of
significant groundwater use.
CONTACT:
Thomas G. Ross, Chief
Hydrologic Information Unit
U.S. Geological Survey
419 National Center
Reston,VA 22092
Phone: (703) 648-6814
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
National Water Conditions Newsletter (since 1944).
Subscription free upon request.
DATABASE(S):
Water Data Storage and Retrieval System (WATSTORE)
WATSTORE contains surface water data and other water
quality and water resource data from the National Water
Conditions Reporting System. Data are available on
magnetic medium and as hard copy.
Information about the data system and computer-related
matters can be obtained from:
USGS Branch of Computer Technology
440 National Center
Reston, Virginia 22092
Phone: (703) 648-5605
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August 1993
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Water Conditions Reporting System
Additional information used in the National Water
Conditions Report is furnished by the Bureau of
Reclamation, the Corps of Engineers, the National Ocean
Service, the NOAA/USDA Joint Agricultural Weather
Facility, and other sources.
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
Page 71.
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DEPARTMENT OFTHE INTERIOR
National Water Use Information Program
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Water Use Information Program
OFFICE:
U.S. Geological Survey
Water Resources Division
Program Coordination and Technical Support
Branch of Water Use Information
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The National Water Use Information Program is a
federal-state cooperative program designed to collect,
store, analyze, and disseminate water-use information
both nationally and locally. The program began in 1978 to
meet the need for a single source of uniform information
on water use. The water-use information from the
program complements long-term USGS data on the
availability and quality of the nation's water resources.
The objective of theprogram is to determine, on a national
level, how much fresh and saline surface water and
groundwater are withdrawn and for what purposes, how
much of this wateris consumed duringuse, and howmuch
water is returned to the source after use.
DATA COVERAGE:
Water withdrawals from surface- and ground-water
sources and consumptive use estimates are compiled by
state and water resources regions for the following
water-use categories: public supply; domestic;
commercial; industry; mining; irrigation; livestock; and
thermoelectric power generation. Instream use is
estimated for hydroelectricpowergeneration. Trend data
are available at five-year intervals from 1950 to 1990.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Water-use data are based on direct measurements or
estimation, depending upon whether the parameter is
mctcrcd or not. The data are compiled through a census,
primarily mail surveys or permit reports required to meet
state regulations. Personnel of cooperating states collect:
water-use data and aggregate these data by county and
hydrologic unit. The point data are stored in state-level
databases; the aggregated data are compiled by the USGS
for incorporation into the national Aggregated Water Use
Data System (AWUDS).
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
National compilations of "Estimated Use of Water in the
United States" have been published by the USGS since
1950 at five-year intervals. Many states compile and
publish monthly or annual water use data as part of the
cooperative program.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Water use estimates are compiled for all fifty states,
Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, and the District of Columbia.
Data are available for 1985 by county and four-digit
hydrologic subregion.
CONTACT:
Wayne Solley, Chief
Branch of Water Use Information
U.S. Geological Survey
414 National Center
Reston,VA 22092
Phone: (703) 648-5670
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
Sandra Holmes
Technical Information Specialist
U.S. Geological Survey
419 National Center
Reston,VA 22092
Phone: (703) 648-6815
PUBLICATIONS:
U.S. Geological Survey. Estimated Use of Water in the
United States, published for 1950, 1955, 1960,
1965,1970,1975,1980,1985. Reston, VA.
. 1992. Preliminary Estimates of Water Use in the
United States, 1990. U.S. Geological Survey
Open-File Report 92-63. Reston, VA.
DATABASE(S):
Aggregated Water Use Data System (AWUDS)
AWUDS contains estimates by source for various
water-use categories. The database contains over
120 data elements for all fifty states, Puerto Rico,
Virgin Islands, and Washington, DC. Latest
information available is for 1990. The database is
maintained in the USGS district office in
Doraville, GA State Water Use Data System.
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Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Water Use Information Program
State Water Use Data System (SWUDS)
SWUDS provides specific water-use information
for each state. Databases are maintained by
USGS in district offices in each state.
For more information, contact:
Robert Pierce, Hydrologist
U.S. Geological Survey
6481-B Peachtree Industrial Blvd.
Doraville, GA 30360
Phone: (404) 986-6860
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
Page 73
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DEAPRTMENTOFTHE INTERIOR
Water Resources Assessment Program
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Water Resources Assessment Program
OFFICE:
U.S. Geological Survey
Water Resources Division
Office of Water Assessment and Data Coordination
Branch of National Water Summary
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The principal goal of the program is to develop summary
level statisticson waterresourcesatthe state andnational
levels appropriate forthepreparation of USGS'sbiennial
report, National Water Summary. Each report is oriented
toward a spccificwatcr resource theme (e.g., groundwater
quality).
DATA COVERAGE:
Summary information is derived from direct
measurement data and statistics for national and state
levels include: water availability (e.g., surface and
groundwater potential, use, and development); water
quality (e.g., point and nonpoint sources of pollution,
cutropbication, bottom sediment contamination,
saline-water intrusion, hazardous wastes, radioactive
wastes, and acidic precipitation); hydrologic hazards and
land use (e.g., flooding, land subsidence, sinkholes,
erosion, sedimentation, wetlands, and resource
development); and institutional and management
activities. Also covered are seasonal hydrologic
conditions and hydrologic events such as precipitation,
strcamflow, floods, and storms. The results of time-series
monitoring, spatial data analyses, and one-time studies
arc reported. Most of the spatial data are state level.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Data summarized in the National Water Summary are
compiled from existing U.S. Geological Survey and
other-agency data files.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data arc compiled periodically for National Water
Summary reports.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Entire United States, Puerto Rico, and Trust Territories.
CONTACT:
Richard W. Paulson, Chief
Branch of National Water Summary
U.S. Geological Survey
407 National Center
Reston, VA 22092
Phone: (703) 648-6851
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
Books and Open File Reports Section
USGS
Federal Center, Box 25425
Denver, CO 80225-0425
Phone: (303) 236-7476
PUBLICATIONS:
Department of the Interior, Geological Survey. 1991.
National Water Summary 1988-89 - Hydrologic
Events and Floods and Droughts. Water Supply
Paper No. 2375. Washington, DC.
. 1990. National Water Summary 1987-Hydrologic
Events and Water Supply and USe. Water Supply
Paper No. 2350. Washington, DC.
. 1988. National Water Summary 1986 - Hydrologic
Events and Groundwater Quality. Water-Supply
Paper No. 2325. Washington, DC.
. 1986. National Water Summary 1985 - Hydrologic
Events and Surface Water Resources.
Water-Supply Paper No. 2300. Washington, DC.
. 1985. National Water Summary 1984 - Hydrologic
Events, Selected Water-Quality Trends, and
GroundwaterResources. Water-Supply PaperNo.
2275. Washington, DC.
See contact for additional publications in this series.
DATABASE(S):
Because this program uses existing U.S. Geological
Survey and other-agency databases, it is not a database
source.
Page 74
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
' - "- --" - - ' August1993
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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Highway Statistics
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Highway Statistics
OFFICE:
Federal Highway Administration
Office of Highway Information Management
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The program includes the collection, analysis, summary,
and dissemination of a broad range of data related to the
physical characteristics of the nation's highway system, as
well as the traffic/travel and related performance activity
which occurs on those systems.
DATA COVERAGE:
Data are compiled by the state highway and transportation
agencies, using guidelines prepared by the Federal
Highway Administration (FHWA) and approved by the
Office of Management and Budget. Data reported to
FHWA include characteristics such as: traffic volumes;
travel estimates (for example, miles traveled and fuel
consumption per vehicle and per capita); vehicle speeds;
distribution of vehicle types and weights by highway
category; vehicle fuel efficiency ratings and motor fuel
consumption; vehicle registrations and driver licensing
(including revenues related to latter variables); state and
local highway finance; Federal Highway Trust Fund
status; highway mileage; pavement condition; and
accidents. Data also include personal travel
characteristics collected as part of the Nationwide
Personal Transportation Study (NPTS). Trend data for
many of the characteristics date back to the early 1900s.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Data collection methods vary by program. Some data are
collected by a full census whereas other data are collected
using a statistical sample basis, such as collection of travel
data. Methodologies are generally described in reference
publications listed below.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Highway statistics have been published annually since
1945. Most data are reported on an annual basis with the
exception of speed data which are reported quarterly and
traffic volumes/fuel consumption data which are reported
monthly. NPTS data are available for 1969,1977,1983,
and 1990.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
National coverage with further stratification by state and
functional highway category.
CONTACT:
Frank E. Jarema, Chief
National Data Management and Dissemination Division
Federal Highway Administration, HPM-40
400 7th Street, SW
Washington, DC 20590
Phone: (202) 366-0160
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Department of Transportation. 1985. Highway Statistics:
Summary to 1985. Washington, DC: Department
of Transportation, Federal Highway Administra-
tion.
. 1992. Highway Statistics 1991 (and earlier annual
reports in this series). FHWA-PL-90-003.
Washington, DC: Department of Transportation,
Federal Highway Administration.
. 1992.1990 Nationwide Personal Transportation Sur-
vey: Summary of Travel Trends. FHWA-
PL-92-027. Washington, DC: Department of
Transportation, Federal Highway Administration.
--. 1991. Selected Highway Statistics and Charts 1989
(and earlier reports in this series). FHWA-
PL-91-001. Washington, DC: Department of
Transportation, Federal Highway Administration.
. 1986. Personal Travel in the United States: 1983-
1984 Nationwide Personal Transportation Study,
2 vols. Washington, DC: Department of Trans-
portation, Federal Highway Administration.
. Driver Licenses (annual). FHWA-PL-(year)-002.
Washington, DC: Department of Transportation,
Federal Highway Administration.
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
Page 75
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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Highway Statistics
. Motor Fuel Reported by States (monthly). Washing-
ton, DC: Department of Transportation, Federal
Highway Administration.
. Traffic Volume Trends (monthly). Washington, DC:
Department of Transportation, Federal Highway
Administration.
DATABASEฎ:
Highway Statistics Information Retrieval System
(HSIRS)
TheHSIRS databasecontains "Highway Statistics
Summary to 1985" and "Highway Statistics" for
years 1986-1991.
For more information, contact:
Walter Hagen
Federal Highway Administration (HPM-40)
400 7th Street, SW
Washington, DC 20590
Phone: (202) 366-3208
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Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
National Transportation Statistics
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
National Transportation Statistics
OFFICE:
Research and Special Programs Administration
Volpe National Transportation Systems Center
Center for Transportation Information
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The program includes the collection, analysis, and
summary of selected national transportation statistics
from a wide variety of government and private sources.
DATA COVERAGE:
Statistics are generated for various transportation modes
including air carrier, general aviation, automobile, bus,
truck, local transit, rail, water, oil pipeline, and natural gas
pipeline. For example, data are reported for passenger
travel by automobile, airplane, bus, and railroad and
freight miles of travel by truck, railroad, airplane,
pipeline, and waterway. Basic descriptions of U.S.
transportation, such as operating revenues and expenses,
and vehicle and passenger miles, are provided.
Supplementary data include transportation and the
economy, and energy in transportation. Data show
ten-year trends and, in some instances, extend back to
1955.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Data are abstracted from government and private data.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data are collected on an annual basis.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Entire United States.
CONTACT:
Kathleen Bradley
Transportation Data Specialist
Volpe National Center for Transportation Information
Transportation Systems Center
55 Broadway
Cambridge, MA 02142
Phone: (617) 494-2614
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Department of Transportation, Research and Special
Programs Administration. 1992. National
Transportation Statistics Annual Report, 1992.
DOT-NTSC-RSPA-92-1. Cambridge, MA:
Department of Transportation.
. 1990. Transportation Safety Information Report,
1989 Annual Summary. DOT-TSC-RSPA-90-4.
Cambridge, MA: Department of Transportation,
Volpe National Transportation Systems Center.
. 1990. U.S. International Air Travel Statistics, CY
1989. Cambridge, MA: Department of
Transportation, Volpe National Transportation
Systems Center.
DATABASE(S):
None provided.
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
Page 77
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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Marina Pollution Retrieval System
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Marine Pollution Retrieval System
OFFICE:
U.S. Coast Guard
Pollution Response
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
TheMarinePollutionRetrievalSystemcontainsdetailsof
pollution incidents in the coastal zone where the Coast
Guard is the on-scene coordinator and in the inland zone
where Coast Guard personnel assist an on-scene
coordinator for the Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA).
DATA COVERAGE:
Records are kept on: oil spills (number, volume, date,
substance, costs for federally-funded responses, and case
histories); spills of hazardous substances (substance
name, CHRIS ID code, physical/chemical properties);
geographic information (latitude and longitude and/or
river mile number, waterbody name, city, state, and,
where applicable, vessel name and ID); facility
information(name,address,IDcodes);and transportation
information (air, land, inland, and coastal waterways).
COLLECTION METHODS:
The Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended
(Section311),andExecutive Order 11735require that any
discharge of an oil or a hazardous substance in a harmful
quantity be reported to the U.S. Coast Guard. Data are
reported for actual spills only, i.e., discharges which
entered the water. Incidents which are reported to EPAand
occurred in waters under Coast Guard jurisdiction are also
compiled. Asample data reportingform is provided in the
Coast Guard publication listed below.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data arc collected when spills occur.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Entire United States.
CONTACT:
Commandant (G-MEP-2)
Marine Information Branch
U.S. Coast Guard
2100 Second St., SW
Washington, DC 20593
Phone: (202) 267-2611
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Coast Guard. 1989. Polluting Incidents In and Around
U.S. Waters, 1984, 1985, and 1986 (and earlier
reports in this series). COMDTINST M16450
series. Washington, DC.
DATABASE(S):
Marine Pollution Retrieval System (MPRS)
MPRS is a computer-based system developed by
the Coast Guard to support Pollution Response.
Initially designed for the Collection and
Maintenance of discharge data, subsequent
modifications have been made to permit the
inclusion of additional data describing clean-up
(response) activities and penalty actions. MPRS is
available to Congress, government agencies,
academia, and private interests.
Page 78
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
National Air Pollution Control Program
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
National Air Pollution Control Program
OFFICE:
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Data Analysis Section
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The Air Pollution Control Program collects and analyzes
data on ambient air quality and air pollution levels and
compares them to National Ambient Air Quality
Standards (NAAQS).
DATA COVERAGE:
Ambient concentrations of the following criteria air
pollutants are monitored and analyzed for ten-year trends
and recent changes: sulfur dioxide; nitrogen dioxide;
carbon monoxide; total suspended particulates; ozone;
and lead.
Emission estimates are available for particulates, sulfur
oxides, nitrogen oxides, reactive volatile organic
compounds, carbon monoxide, and lead. Data are broken
down by the following emission sources: transportation
(e.g.,motorvehicles,aircraft);stationaryfuelcombustion
(e.g., coal, natural gas); industrial processes (e.g., copper,
pulp mills); solid waste disposal; and miscellaneous
sources (e.g., forest fires, agricultural burning). Air
quality trends for major urban areas are provided.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Data on ambient air quality conditions are based upon
actual direct measurements. The data are analyzed for
trends and these trends are supplemented with trends for
nationwide emissions, which are based upon best
available engineeringcalculations. Data are collected and
reported to EPA by state and local agencies.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data are collected hourly and daily. Estimates are
provided for 1940, 1950, 1960, and 1970 to give a
historical perspective on national air quality and pollutant
emissions and for 1975 to present as an indication of
recent trends.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
All fifty states, with metropolitan statistical areas
(populationgreaterthan500,000)moreheavilyanalyzed.
CONTACT:
Thomas C. Curran, Chief
Data Analysis Section
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Environmental Protection Agency, MD-14
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
Phones: (919) 541-5558 or (919) 541-5467
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Environmental Protection Agency. 1992. National Air
Quality and Emissions Trends Report, 1991 (and
earlier reports in this series).
EPA-450-R-92-001. Research Triangle Park,
NC.
. 1992. National Air Pollutants Emissions Estimates
1900-1991 (and earlier reports in this series).
EPA-450-R-92-013. Research Triangle Park,
NC.
DATABASE(S):
Aerometric Information Retrieval System (AIRS)
The AIRS contains data on air quality and pollution
collected from state and local agencies.
Contact:
Andrea Kelsey
National Air Data Branch
Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
Phone: (919) 541-5549
Howard Wright
National Air Data Branch
Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
Phone: (919) 541-5584
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993 " '*" - .-.
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program, Long-Terrn Monitoring Project
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program, Long-Term
Monitoring Project
OFFICE:
Office of Ecological Processes and Effects Research
Corvallis Environmental Research Laboratory
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The Long-Term Monitoring Project (LTMP) was
initiated in 1983 to monitor trends in low-acid
neutralizing capacity (ANC) surface waters across a
gradient of acidic atmospheric deposition. LTMP
operates with cooperators affiliated with federal agencies
andunivcrsitiesinsixgeographicregions.TheLTMPwas
preceded by the National Surface Water Survey.
DATA COVERAGE:
Variables monitored include pH, ANC, calcium,
magnesium, potassium,sodium,sulfate,chloride,nitrate,
dissolved organic carbon, and aluminum. Trend data are
not available because of the short period of record (since
1983).
COLLECTION METHODS:
Sec Publications.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data are collected seasonally.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Coverage includes approximately ninety lake sites in
Maine, Vermont, the Adirondacks, and the Upper
Midwest; two mountainous regions of Colorado; and
approximately eight streams in the Catskills area of New
York.
CONTACT:
John Stoddard
Technical Director, TIME/Long-Term Monitoring
Environmental Research Laboratory-Corvallis
Environmental Protection Agency
200 SW 35th St.
Corvallis, OR 97333
Phone: (503) 754-4441
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Ford, J. 1988. Long-Term Monitoring and Acid
Deposition. Washington, DC: Environmental
Protection Agency.
Newell, A.D. 1987.Predictingspringlake chemistry from
fall samples. In: R. Perry, R.M. Harrison, J.N.B.
Bell, and J.N. Lester, eds. Acid Rain: Scientific
and Technical Advances. London: Selper Ltd.
, A.D., C.F. Powers, and SJ. Christio. 1987. Analysis
of Data from Long-Term Monitoring of Lakes.
EPA-600/4-87/014. Corvallis, OR: Environmen-
tal Protection Agency, Office of Research and De-
velopment.
DATABASE(S):
None provided.
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Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August19ง3
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
National Surface Water Survey
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
National Surface Water Survey
OFFICE:
Office of Ecological Processes and Effects Research
Environmental Research Laboratory
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The National Surface Water Survey consists of two parts:
the National Lake Survey and the National Stream
Survey.
The purpose of the National Lake Survey is to quantify,
with known statistical confidence, the current status,
extent, and chemical and biological characteristics of
lakes in regions of the United States that are potentially
sensitive to acidic deposition.
The purpose of the National Stream Survey (NSS) is to
determine the percentage, extent, and location of streams
in the United States that are presently acidic or have low
acid-neutralizing capacity and may, therefore, be
susceptible to future acidification, as well as to identify
streams thatrepresent important classes in eachregion for
possible use in more intensive studies or long-term
monitoring. The NSS provides an overview of stream
water chemistry in regions of the United States that are
expected, on the basis of previous alkalinity data, to
contain predominantly low acid-neutralizing capacity
waters.
DATA COVERAGE:
Variables monitored include: acid neutralizing capacity
(ANC), aluminum, ammonium, base cations,
conductance, major ions, metals, nitrate, organics, pH,
and sulfate.
COLLECTION METHODS:
A randomly selected subset of lakes was sampled using
appropriate methods. The sample results were then
weighted to estimate the chemical compositions of lake
populations with known confidence. Uncertainties with
time of sampling, spatial variability, and population
definition are included in specific research projects to
improve confidence in estimates.
The NSS employed a randomized, systematic sample of
regional stream populations and used rigorous quality
assurance protocols for field sampling and laboratory
chemical analysis.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
"Index" sample taken at the time of the fall overturn for
lakes and high and low flow for streams.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Northeastern, Southeastern, UpperMidwest, and Western
United States for lakes, and Middle Atlantic, Southeast,
and Southern Blue Ridge Province for streams.
CONTACT:
Dixon Landers
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Environmental Research Laboratory
200 SW 35th St.
Corvallis, OR 97333
Phone: (503) 754-4427
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Brakke, D.F., D.H. Landers and J.M. Eilers. 1988.
Chemical and physical characteristics of lakes in
the northeastern United States. Environ. Sci.
Technol. 22:155-163.
Brakke, D.F., D.H. Landers and J.M. Eilers. 1987.
Hydrologic and chemical characteristics of
darkwater, clearwater, and acidic lakes in the
United States. In: Proceedings of UNESCO/TUP
Symposium.
Eilers, J.M., D.F.Brakke, D.H. Landers and P.E. Kellar.
1988. Characteristics of lakes in mountainous
areas of the western United States. Verh. Internal.
Verein. Limnol. 23:144-151.
Eilers, J.M., D.H. Landers and D.F. Brakke. 1988.
Chemical and physical characteristics of lakes in
the southeastern United States. Environ. Sci.
Technol. 22:172-177.
Eilers, J.M., D.F. Brakke and D.H. Landers. 1987.
Chemical and physical characteristics of lakes in
the Upper Midwest, United States. Environ. Sci.
Technol. 22:164-172.
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
Page 81
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
National Surface Water Survey
Eilers, J.M., P. Kanciruk, R.A. McCord, W.S. Overton,
L.Hook, D J. Blick, D.F. Brakke, RE. Lellar, M.S.
DeHan, M.E. Silverstein and D.H. Landers. 1987.
Characteristics of Lakes in the Western United
States. Vol 2, Data Compendium for Selected
Physical and Chemical Variables.
EP/600/3-86-054b. Washington, DC: Environ-
mental Protection Agency.
Herlihy, A.T., P.R. Kaufmann and M.E. Mitch. 1991.
Chemical characteristics of streams in the eastern
United States: II. Sources of acidity and low ANC
streams. Water Resources Research. 27:624-642.
Herlihy, A.T., P.R. Kaufmann, M.E. Mitch and D.D.
Brown. 1990. Regional estimates of acid mine
drainage impacts on streams of the Mid-Atlantic
and southeastern United States. Water, Air, and
Soil Pollution. 50:91-107.
Kaufmann, P.R., A.T. Herlihy, M.E. Mitch and W.S.
Overton. 1991. Chemical characteristics of
streams in the eastern United States: I. Synoptic
survey design, acid base status, and regional
patterns. Water Resource Research. 27:611-627.
Kaufmann, P.R., A.T. Herlihy, J.W. Elwood, M.E. Mitch,
W.S. Overton, MJ. Sale, J.J. Messer, K.A. Cou-
gan, D.V. Peck, K.H. Reckhow, A.J. Kinney, S.J.
Christie, D.D. Brown, C.A. Hagley and H.I. Jager.
1988. Chemical Characteristics of Streams in the
Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern United States.
Vol. 1, Population Descriptions and Physiochemi-
calRelationships.EPA/600/3-88/021a. Washing-
ton, DC: Environmental Protection Agency.
Landers, D.H., W.S. Overton, R.A. Linthurst and D.R
Brakke. 1988. Eastern lake survey: Regional
estimatesoflakechemistry.Environ.Sci.Technol.
22:128-135.
Landers, D.H., J.M. Eilers, D.F. Brakke, W.S. Overton,
RE. Kellar, M.E. Silverstein, R.D. Schonbrod,
R.E. Crowe, R.A. Linthurst, J.M. Omernik,
S.A. Teague and E.P. Meier. 1987.Characteristics
of Lakes in the Western United States. Vol. 1,
PopulationDescriptions and Physicochemical
Relationships. EPA/600/3-86/054a. Washington,
DC: Environmental Protection Agency.
Linthurst, R.A., D.H. Landers, J.M. Eilers, D.F. Brakke,
W.S. Overton, E.P. Meier and R.E. Crowe. 1986.
Characteristics of Lakes in the Eastern United
States. Vol. 1, Population Descriptions and Physi-
cochemical Relationships. EPA/600/4-86/007a.
Washington, DC: Environmental Protection
Agency.
Mitch,M.E.,P.R.Kaufmann,A.T.Herlihy,W.S.Overton,
and MJ. Sale. 1990. National Stream Survey
DatabaseGuide.EPA/600/8-90/055. Washington,
DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Overton, W.S., P. Kanciruk, L.A. Hook, J.M. Eilers, D.H.
Landers, D.F. Brakke, D.J. Blick, Jr., R.A. Lin-
thurst, M.D. DeHaan and J.M. Omernik. 1986.
Characteristics of Lakes in the Eastern United
States. Vol. 2, Lakes Samples and Descriptive Sta-
tistics for Physical and Chemical Variables.
EPA/600/4-86/007b. Washington, DC: Environ-
mental Protection Agency.
Sale, M.J., P.R. Kaufmann, H.I. Jager, J.M. Coe, K.A.
Cougan, A.J. Kinney, M.E. Mitch and W.S. Over-
ton. 1988. Chemical Characteristics of Streams of
the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern United States.
Volume II: Streams Sampled, Descriptive Statis-
tics, and Compendium of Physical and Chemical
Data.EPA/600/3-88/021b. Washington, DC: U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency.
DATABASE(S):
The database is available: see Contact, and Mitch, et al.
(1990) under Publications.
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Information System
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability
Information System
OFFICE:
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Com-
pensation and Liability Information System (CERCLIS)
contains information on abandoned or uncontrolled haz-
ardous waste sites.
DATA COVERAGE:
The CERCLIS database contains information on the loca-
tion of over 30,000 sites. In addition, the database con-
tains information on pre-remedial actions such as the dis-
covery date and the completion date of a preliminary as-
sessment, site inspection, and the date of final hazardous
ranking determination. Of the sites, over 1,200 are listed
on the National Priority List (NPL). CERCLIS also con-
tains information such as: description of NPL site (pre-
dominantland uses, waste treatmentstorage and disposal,
distance tonearestpopulation);owner/generatorinforma-
tion; regulatory and response history; waste description
(physical state, predominant waste type and quantity of
waste); environmental impact information; water use in-
formation; and the remedial events occurring at the NPL
sites, includingplanned and actual starts and completions,
prior year obligations, current year obligations, and out-
lays to date.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Data are collected during inventory, assessment, and
cleanup of uncontrolled hazardous waste sites. EPA
Regional Offices maintain the data in CERCLIS
databases.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
On-line updating.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Sites throughout the entire United States and the
territories.
CONTACTS:
For telephone inquiries concerning the database, call
(703) 538-7234.
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
Written requests for information should be addressed to:
Freedom of Information Officer
Environmental Protection Agency
401M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20460
PUBLICATIONS:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
Waste andEmergency Response. 1991. Superfund
NPL Characterization Project: National Results.
EPA/540/8-91/069. Washington, DC.
DATABASE(S):
ComprehensiveEnvironmentalResponse,Compensation
and Liability Information System (CERCLIS)
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
Page 83
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System
OFFICE:
Office of Radiation Programs
National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring
System (ERAMS) was implemented in 1973 and has
operated continuously ever since. The ERAMS monitors
radioactivity associated with air, drinking water, surface
water, and milk. Prior to 1973 and dating back to 1960,
several national networks of environmental radiation
samplingstationswereoperatedbytheU.S.PublicHealth
Service. When EPA was established, these networks were
consolidated and modified into the single national
network now known as ERAMS.
DATA COVERAGE:
Data for pasteurized milk include concentrations of: lo-
dine(I)-131, Barium(Ba)-140, Cesium(Cs)-137, Potas-
sium(K)-40, Strontium(Sr)-89, Sr-90, and Car-
bon(C)-14. For airborne particulates: Geiger-Mueller
field estimates, gross beta, gamma scans, Pluto-
nium(Pu)-238, Pu-239, Pu-240, Uranium(U)-234,
U-235, U-238, and Krypton(Kr)-85. For precipitation:
Hydrogen(H)-3, gross beta, gamma scans, Pu-238,
Pu-239, Pu-240, U-234, U-235, and U-238. For drink-
ing water: H-3, gamma scans, gross alpha, gross beta, Ra-
dium(Ra)-226, Ra-228, Sr-89, Sr-90, Pu-238, Pu-239,
Pu-240, U-234, U-235, U-238, and 1-131. For surface
water: H-3 and gamma scans.
COLLECTION METHODS:
The ERAMS program includes 332 sampling stations
distributed throughout the fifty states, the Virgin Islands,
Panama Canal, and Puerto Rico. Stations were selected to
provide optimum radiation source and population
coverage. Many stations are located downstream from
nuclear power plants. See Publications for description of
methods.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Analytical frequency is different for different analyses,
ranging from twice weekly for gross beta in air to every
two years for Krypton-85. Analytical frequencies for
specific radionuclides can be found in the quarterly
publication "Environmental Radiation Data" and the
"Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System
(ERAMS) Manual."
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Sampling stations are sited throughout the fifty states, the
Virgin Islands, Panama Canal, and Puerto Rico.
CONTACT:
Dr. John G. Griggs
National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
1504 Avenue A
Montgomery, AL 36115
Phone: (205) 270-3450
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
Dr. Charles M. Petko
National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
1504 Avenue A
Montgomery, AL 36115
Phone: (205) 270-3411
PUBLICATIONS:
Environmental Protection Agency. Environmental
Radiation Data (quarterly). Montgomery, AL.
.Analytical Capability oftheEnvironmentalRadiation
Ambient Monitoring System. Washington, DC.
. Radiological Health Data and Reports. Washington,
DC.
DATABASE(S):
Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System
(ERAMS)
The ERAMS contains analytical data from
approximately 1973 to the present covering the
main networks of ERAMS for the following
media: air particulates, precipitation, drinking
water, surface water, and milk. The data are
organized geographically by city and state and
include latitude and longitude plotting
coordinates.
Page 84
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Hazardous Waste Surcev
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Hazardous Waste Survey
OFFICE:
Office of Solid Waste
Communications, Analysis and Budget Division
Information Management Staff
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The Office of Solid Waste manages two major national
information systems to support the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Subtitle C
program: the Resource Conservation and Recovery
Information System (RCRIS) and the Biennial Reporting
System (BRS).
DATA COVERAGE:
RCRIS is a national program management and inventory
system of RCRA hazardous waste handlers. Handlers are
characterized as fitting one or more of the following
categories: treatment, storage and disposal facilities
(TSDFs); large quantity generators (LQGs); small
quantity generators (SQGs); and transporters. RCRIS
captures identification and location data for all handlers
and a wide range of information on TSDFs regarding
permit/closure status, compliance with federal and state
regulations, and cleanup activities.
BRS is a national system that collects data on the
generation, management, and minimization of hazardous
waste. BRS captures detailed data on the generation of
hazardous waste from LQGs and data on waste
management practices from TSDFs. These data are
collected every other year and provide the ability to
perform trend analysis.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Data are collected through the Biennial Hazardous Waste
Report, EPA Forms (Notification and Part A Permit
Applications), other data submittals by hazardous waste
facilities (Part B Permit Applications) as well as
inspections and assessment of RCRA sites.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data maintained in the BRS are collected every two years.
Data maintained in the RCRIS are collected as the event or
activity occurs (i.e., as the Notification of Hazardous
Waste Activity Form is submitted or as inspections are
performed).
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Entire United States.
CONTACT:
For RCRIS:
Kevin Phelps
OSW/Information Management Branch (OS-312)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
401M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20460
Phone: (202) 260-4697
For BRS:
John Fogarty
OSW/Information Management Branch (OS-312)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
401 M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20460
Phone: (202) 260-4697
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
Liza Hearns
OSW/Information Management Branch (OS-312)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
401 M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20460
Phone: (202) 260-4697
PUBLICATIONS:
Office of Solid Waste. 1991. 1987 National Biennial
RCRA Hazardous Waste Report. Washington,
DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
. 1992. Hazardous Waste FOIA Reports Catalog.
Washington, DC: Environmental Protection
Agency.
DATABASE(S):
Biennial Reporting System (1989)
Resource Conservation and Recovery Information
System (RCRIS)
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
Page 85
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Non-Hazardous Waste Survey
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Non-Hazardous Waste Survey
OFFICE:
Office of Solid Waste
Office of Policy, Planning and Information
Information Management Staff
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
Data are collected through survey and reporting
mechanisms on non-hazardous ("solid") wastes
generation and management. Various capabilities are
available for retrieving and analyzing these data.
Generally, theinformationavailableconsistsofregulated
entities and waste volumes generated and managed.
DATA COVERAGE:
National statistics are available for wastes generated and
managed. The data covers the industrial sector and the
municipal landfill sector.
Industrial: Statistics are available on the amounts of
non-hazardous waste by type of industry (e.g., textile,
pulp and paper, water treatment), management practices
(e.g., landfills, surface impoundments, incineration,
recycling), and by size of establishment.
Municipal Landfills: Trend data are available on:
quantity of materials generated in the municipal waste
stream (including paper, glass, metal, plastics, rubber,
leather, textiles, wood, other nonfood waste, food, yard,
and miscellaneous inorganic waste); quantity and type of
wasteacceptedandrefused(e.g., household, commercial,
construction); quantity of materials recovered from the
municipal waste stream; quantity of materials generated
and recovered per capita; size and capacity of facility;
monitoring systems; types of liners and covers;
hydrological characteristics and proximity to drinking
water supplies; and number of persons using these
sources.
COLLECTION METHODS:
Data arecollectedbysurveymethods and directreporting.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data collection and reporting frequency range from once
to every two years.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Entire United States.
CONTACT:
Myra Galbreath, Chief
OSW/Information Management Branch (OS-312)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
401M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20460
Phone: (202)260-4697
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Office of Solid Waste and Office of Emergency Response.
1988.NationalSurveyofSolidWaste(Municipal)
Landfill Facilities. Washington, DC: Environ-
mental Protection Agency.
. 1990. Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste in
the United States: 1990 Update. EPA-530-
SW-90-042. Washington, DC: Environmental
Protection Agency.
. 1992. Characterization of Municipal Solid Waste in
the United States: 1992 update. EPA-530-
R-92-019. Washington, DC: Environmental
Protection Agency.
DATABASE(S):
Industrial Subtitle D Survey
Municipal Landfill Subtitle D Survey
Page 86
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Toxics Release Inventory
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Toxics Release Inventory
OFFICE:
Office of Toxic Substances
Economics and Technology Division
SUMMARY PROGRAM DESCRIPTION:
The Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) is a mandatory
annual inventory of the release of 328 toxic chemicals to
air, water, land, and off-site disposal from more than
17,000 manufacturing facilities across the country.
DATA COVERAGE:
Data collected include: facility information, including
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and National
PollutionDischargeEliminationSystempermitnumbers;
pounds/year emissions information for air, water, and
land djsposal, and off-site transfers of wastes; treatment
processes and efficiencies; and waste reduction data.
COLLECTION METHODS:
The Emergency Planning and Community Right-
to-Rnow Act requires manufacturers to report to EPAand
the states on the amounts of over 300 toxic chemicals that
they release directly to air, water, or land, or that they
transfer to offsite facilities that treat or dispose of wastes.
Survey submissions on forms are tabulated and stored by
EPA on computer tape or disc, and the data are compiled
into an annual inventory of releases and transfers.
COLLECTION FREQUENCY:
Data are collected yearly through mandatory industry
reporting.
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE:
Entire United States.
CONTACT:
Samuel Sasnett
Environmental Protection Specialist
Economics & Technology Division ฃTS-792A)
Office of Toxic Substances
Environmental Protection Agency
401 M Street, S.W.
Washington, DC 20460
Phone: (202) 260-1821
FOR PUBLIC INQUIRIES:
See Contact.
PUBLICATIONS:
Environmental Protection Agency. 1991. The Toxics
Release Inventory: National and Local
Perspectives. EPA 560/4-91-014. Washington,
DC.
. 1992. 1990 Toxic Release Inventory: Public Data
Release. EPA-700-S-92-002. Washington, DC.
DATABASE(S):
TOXNET/Toxic Release Inventory
All data from the Toxic Release Inventory include
more than 74,000 reports filed by 17,000
manufacturing facilities on 328 toxic chemicals.
Data are also available on diskette, CD-ROM,
tape, and microfiche.
For more information, contact:
National Library of Medicine
Phone: (301) 496-6531
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
August 1993
Page 87
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KEY WORD INDEX
KEY WORD INDEX
Acid precipitation, 68
Agriculture, land use, 1
See also Cropland, Irrigation
Air
pollution, 34,47,48, 79
pollution, expenditures to control, 19
quality, 34,47,48,79
radioactivity, 84
Sec also Emissions
B
Birds
breeding, 60
contaminant levels in, 53
migratory, 62
See also Waterfowl
Carbon dioxide, 36
ambient conditions, 34, 36
emission trends, 34,36
Carbon monoxide, 39,79
Census, decennial, 15
CERCLIS, 83
Chemicals
contaminant levels in fish and wildlife, 20,22, 29, 53
contaminants in marine sediments, 20
organic, volatile, 34,79
organochlorine, 20,29, 39, 53,87
toxic, 87
Climate, 31,36
Coasts
environmental quality, 20,22
pollutant discharge, 32
population, 17
Conservation needs, 3
Contamination
See Pollution; Radiation
Cropland
erosion, 3
use, 1
Cultural resources, 41
Ducks
See Birds; Waterfowl
Emissions, 34, 36,79
Energy, 35
Estuaries, pollutant discharge, 32
Expenditures to control and abate pollution, 19
by state and local governments, 13
Fire, forest, 11
Fisheries, 26
shellfish, 24, 26,27, 29
Fishing, 26, 55
Forests, 1
Bureau of Land Management lands, 41
disease, 4
fire, 11
inventory, 5
land areas, 1, 8, 65
pest management, 4
range management, 7
recreation areas, 9
timber sales, 43
tree planting, 10
use, 41
Fuel
consumption, 35, 75
heating, 35
production, 35
radioactive, 38
Gas, natural, 35
See also Oil and gas pipelines
Grazing
Bureau of Land Management land, 42
Forest Service land, 7
non-federal land, 3
permits, 41
Page 90
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
December 1992
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KEY WORD INDEX
Greenhouse gases, 36
Groundwater, 63, 70, 72, 74
H
Hazardous waste, 78, 83, 85
Hazards, water, 74
Health, human, 39
Highways, 1, 75
See also Transportation
Horses and burros, 7, 41
Hunting, 55
1
Industrial waste, 85
See Manufacturing
Irrigation, 12
N
National Park System
gaseous pollutants, 47
lands, 46
visibility monitoring, 48
visitor use, 52
Nitrogen oxides
ambient conditions, 79
emission trends, 34, 79
Nutrition, 39
Oceans, pollutant discharge
See Coasts; Fisheries; Marine resources
Oil
gas pipelines, and, 77
production, 35
spills, 78
Ozone, 34,47, 79
Lakes, 80, 81
Land areas
Bureau of Land Management lands, 41
Fish and Wildlife Service lands, 61
National Forest System lands, 8
National Park Service lands, 46
non-federal land, 3
Land cover, 65
Land use, 1, 65
forest, 5
irrigation, 12
Lead, 32, 39,44, 53, 63, 66, 79
M
Manufacturing, pollution abatement, 19
Marine organisms
contaminant concentrations, 20, 22, 29
resources, 27
See also Fisheries
Marine pollution, 78
Master deed listing, NFS, 46
Milk, radioactivity, 84
Minerals, 41, 44
Parks
~~ See National Park System
Particulates,
ambient conditions, 48, 79
emission trends, 79
Pesticides
residues in fish and wildlife, 20, 22, 29, 53
' residues in humans, 39
Plants
forests, 5
wetlands, 57
Pollution
air, 31, 34, 47, 48, 79
coastal discharge, 32
expenditures to control and abate, 13, 19
water, 32, 63, 66, 74, 78, 80, 81, 87
Population, 15
estimates, human, 17
wildlife, 41
Precipitation
acid, 68
rain, 31, 36
Radiation, ambient, 84
Radioactive fuel and waste, 38
Guide To Selected National Environmental Statistics in the U.S. Government
December 1992
Page 91
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KEY WORD INDEX
Range, 41
ecological condition, 3,7,41,42
Recreation, 41
forest, 9
government expenditures, 13
parks, 52
rivers, 51
trails, 9,49
wildlife-associated, 55
Rivers, wild and scenic, 51
s
Shellfish, waters, 24
Shrimp, 26,27
Soil resources, 3
Solid waste, 13,19,86,87
Streamflow, 70
Streams, 63,66,70,81
Sulfur dioxide, 34, 47,79
ambient conditions, 47,79
emission trends, 34,79
radioactivity, 63, 66, 84
resources, 3, 70, 74
surface, 80, 81
use, 12, 72
Waterfowl, 61
breeding, 62
See also Birds
Weather, 31, 36
Wetlands, 57, 62
Wildlife
pesticides and chemicals, 20, 22, 29, 53
populations, 41
recreation, and, 55
refuges, 61
Timber sales, 43
Tobacco, 39
Trails, 9, 49
Transportation, 75, 77
See also Highways
Tree planting, 10
V
Visibility monitoring, National Park Service, 48
w
Waste
hazardous, 78,83,85,87
non-hazardous, 86
radioactive, 38
Water
conditions, 63, 66,70,74, 81
ground, 63,70,72,74
pollution, 32, 63, 66,74, 78, 80,81, 87
pollution, expenditures to control, 13,19
quality, 63, 66,74,81
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December 1992
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