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plants are adapted to growing in soils that, during part
or all of the growing season, are too wet for plants that
normally grow in upland conditions.
Wetlands exist in a broad range of environmental
conditions but have in common, under natural condi-
tions, plant communities, soils, and hydrology that
difier from most upland plant communities. Wetland
Urban planners and developers often incorporate
wetlands into their projects as natural buffers between
different land uses and as natural filters for storm-
water runoff.
• Providing wildlife habitat.
» Providing recreational and educational
opportunities, and
• Augmenting or providing wastewater treatment,
• Improving water quality,
> Recharging ground water,
» Decreasing erosion,
• Reducing flooding,
Wetlands can serve the public in a number of ways
by providing economic, health, and aesthetic benefits,
such as:
Wetlands are now recognized as some of the
most productive natural areas in the world.
They are also important as buffers between
uplands and streams or lakes, performing such func-
tions as controlling shoreline erosion, filtering pollu-
tants from upland runoff, and storing floodwaters.
Their important values and functions are derived
from a combination of their high natural productivity
and location within the landscape. However, the values
of wetlands to the environment and society have not al-
ways been recognized. More than half of the wetlands
that existed in the lower 48 states when this nation was
formed have been lost in the process of building our in-
dustrial, residential, and agricultural resources.
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