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FIELD STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES
FOR
t
PREPARATION OF A SITE
SAFETY PUN-
F.S.O.P. 9
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OFFICE OF EMERGENCY AND REMEDIAL RESPONSE
HAZARDOUS RESPONSE SUPPORT DIVISION
WASHINGTON, O.C. 20460
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The mention of trade names or commercial production tfiis manual 1s
for Illustration purposes and does not const1tute?e'h'd^r*e!ment or
recommendation for use by the Environmental;?rjitection.Agency.
Contents of this manual do not necessarily reflect the views and
policies of the Environmental Protection Agency.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. INTRODUCTION
II. GENERAL REQUlRDlENTS
A. Fl ow
III. PUN DEVELOPMENT
A Routine Operations
IV. PLAN
V. SAMPLE
A Cample £.eS1te'SI>ety" Plan
B Example "II - site Safety Plan
C Emergency Operating Code
D Response Safety Checklist
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Finn STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES
HO:
ESS: SITE SAFETY PLAN DEVELOPMENT
Prepared by:
Approved by:
n«te:
I INb PKULtUUHtb
MIK bUJUtNLt
INFURNATION/GI'tKATING GOAL5/5PftIPICAUON5
fiMIPf/NOTTS
aI Requirements
The site safety plan must:
1 - Describe the known hazards and evaluate the risks associated with the Incident and with each
activity conducted.
? - Describe requirements for an environmental surveillance program.
- Delineate work areas.
- Describe Levels of Protection to be worn by personnel and delineate specific Job functions.
«
- List key personnel and alternates responsible for s'lte safety, response operations, and
protection of the public. In addition, list key personnel and alternates of public and private
organizations who could become associated with the response.
- Establish procedures to control site access.
- Describe decontamination procedures for personnel and equipment.
- Establish site emergency procedures.
- Address emergency medical care for Injuries and toxlcologlcal problems. As well as routine medical
5lt III A
•ROUTINE OPERATION
Specify any routine and special training required for responders.
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SECTION III
PLAN DEVELOPMENT
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F.S.O.P. f9
- Control procedures must be Implemented to prevent unauthorized
access. Site security procedures - fences, signs, security
patrols, and check-In procedures, as appropriate, must be
established. Procedures must also be established to control
the entry of authorized personnel Into work zones where
personnel protection Is required.
- Establish Decontamination Procedures
Decontamination procedures for personnel and equipment must be
established. Arrangements must also be made for the proper
disposal of contaminated material, solutions, and equipment.
• Address Requirements for an Environmental Surveillance Program
«
A program to monitor site hazards must be Implemented. This
would Include air monitoring and sampling, as well as other
nedla sampling at or around the site. Site monitoring should
address potential exposure to the chemicals present, their
hazards, possible migration, and associated safety
requirements.
• Specify Any Routine and Special Training Required
*
Personnel must be trained not only In general safety
procedures and use. of safety equipment, but In any specialized
• work they may be expected to do.
- Establish Procedures for Weather-Related Problems
Weather conditions can affect site work. Temperature
extremes, high winds, storms, etc. Impact on personnel
'safety. Work practices must be established to protect workers
from the effects of weather and shelters provided, when
necessary. Temperature extremes, especially heat and Its
effect on people wearing protective clothing, must be
considered and procedures established to monitor for and
Minimize heat stress.
Page 5
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F.S.O.P. f9
111 B. ON-S1TE DUR6ENCJES
Establish Sit. Emergency Procedures
~
ti ' on.,1t, person,
they have. «"•"* «'ons with the special
» Post the location of nearest telephone ,1, mn ,t
that
be
needed are: ——»•«•• organizations that might be
• •
- Fire
- Police
• Health
- Explosives experts
- Local hazardous material response units
• Civil defense
• Rescue
Address and define procedures fn- *k
workers. Clear, audible \£Srt£ .X* Tap1d evac"tion of
established, we InSarked ™~129 S1gnals should be
the site. andlniern1S JnrSSSi-c« 10Catfd thrOU9hout
developed. An example of cStl^llt ?"m?!l1fat1oris plans
emergency operations based on J« hi! could be used for
""talned In Attachment C dlr"t-read1ng Instruments Is
Page 6
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F.S.O.P. f9
— A complete list of emergency equipment should be attached
to the safety plan. The list should Include emergency
equipment available on-s1te, as well as all available
medical, rescue, transport, f1re-f1ght1ng, and m1t1gat1ve
equipment.
• Address emergency medical care.
— Determine location of nearest medical or emergency care
facility. Determine Its capability to handle chemical
exposure cases.
-- Arrange for treating, admitting, and transporting of
Injured or exposed workers.
»
— Post the medical or emergency care facility's location,
travel time, directions, and telephone number.
— Determine local physician's office location, travel
directions, availability, and post telephone number if
other medical care Is not available.
.. Determine nearest ambulance service and post telephone
number.
— List responding organization's physicians, safety officers,
or lexicologists names and telephone numbers. Also Include
nearest poison center, if applicable.
— Maintain accurate records on any exposure or potential
exposure of site workers during an emergency (or routine
operations). The minimum amount of Information needed
'(along with any medical test results) for personnel '
exposure records Is contained In Attachment 0.
• Advise workers of their duties during an emergency. In
particular, it Is Imperative that the site safety officers,
standby rescue personnel, decontamination workers, and
emergency medical technicians practice emergency procedures.
- Incorporate Into the plan, procedures for the decontamination
of Injured workers and for their transport to medical care
facilities. Contamination of transport vehicles, medical care
facilities, or of medical personnel may occur and should be
addressed in the plan. Whenever feasible these procedures
should be discussed with appropriate medical personnel in
advance of operations.
- Establish procedures In cooperation with local and state
officials for evacuating residents who live near the site if
necessary.
Page 7
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F.S.O.P. *9
PROCESS: SITE SAFETY PLAN
II1C. SITE SAFETY PLAN SCOPE AND DETAIL
The plan's scope, detail, and length are based on:
• Information available about the Incident.
- Time available to prepare a site-specific plan.
• Reason for responding.
*
Three general categories of response exist and will be referred
to In this FSOP as: emergencies, characterizations, and remedial
actions. Although considerations for personnel safety are
generic and Independent of the response category, safety
requirements and plans vary considerably 1n scope, detail, and
length. These variations are generally due to the reason for
responding (or category of response). Information available, and
the severity of the Incident with Its concomitant dangers to the
responder.
Page 8
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nan STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES
NO:
CSS: SITE SAFETY PLAN DEVELOPMENT
Prepared by:
Approved by:
Date:
AHNb PKOl.MHJKtb
INFORMATION/OPERATING GOALS/SPECIFICATIONS
IRAINIMG
.dial Action
of Plan
of Plan
re of work
Ing Time
History
Comprehensive
Follow plan as described
Site mitigation and restoration
Time enough for detailed planning
Available site documentation
OHSS - 11/04
Chapter 9
U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, Offlet
of Emergency and Remedial
Response's (OCRR). Standard
Operating Safety Gvldes
(November. 1984)
CM
O
ro
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FIELD STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES
NO:
ESS: SITE SAFETY PLAN DEVELOPMENT
Prepared by:
Approved by:
Date:
ATING PROCEDURES
iNFORMATION/OPERATinG GOALS/SPECIFICATIONS
GUrOC/*OTCS
dent Characterization
f Plan
se
of work
ng Time
1 story
Plan modified w/work progression
Use of brief site specific plan
•
Multiple purpose
Ample time
Available Information
OMSS - 11/M
Chapter 9
U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. Office
of Emergency and Remedial
Response's (OCR*). Standard
Operating Safety Gvldet
(November. 1994)
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SECTION IV
PLAN IMPLEMENTATION
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F.S.O.P. *9
PROCESS: SITE SAFETY PLAN
IV. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SITE SAFETY PLAN
rep
misinterpretation. ambiguity and US ? "U$t bc *r1tten to "old
cause. The plan must bl revleweS liS'X" th!1 vepbal orde"
personnel. Once the sifefy illn it J» ?proved by VtHfltd
Ptrfodlcmy examined In! iod1f1.d JPl61"6"^. U needs to be
changes In site work tnd cSditlSi. nccc$sar>' to rtfltet tny
,
should be written In coordnation «f I J ^ If pos,$1t>1«. the plan
A 1 personnel from these orSlS C "1"1^"* Involved.
,f, they .gree with
-rns^s'St^irs :% » «»•- «*«, ^ ^
Frequent safety meetlnJs^hJu S £ £?lr '^"SWtlvlttes. ^
site harards, changes In operation SI k!f? il] 1nfo™ed about
requirements, and for exchSnws Sf ilfi*' ?d1f1e««on$ of safety
sBwa-wsraSSas*-
-r
a sss: sis;,H™
Page 12
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SECTION V
SAMPLE SAFETY PLANS AND OPERATING COOES
4/85
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r.S.U.P. f?
WOCESS: SITE SAFETY PLAN
V. SAMPLE SAFETY PLANS AND OPERATING CODES
Attachments A and B *r. «^
one sample ol*n ^ ."l! r° «x*"ipl« of Sit* Safety Pi
o be
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F.S.O.P.
ATTACWUiT A
(Suggested format for .imn,^ site safety
SITE SAFETY PLAN
(Name of
1-
II. APPROVALS
(SIGNATURE)
)n-scene-Coord1nator"
(SIGNATURE)
(SIGNATURE)
III. Surmary of Minimum Requirements
A. The safety offlcer/deslgnee shall:
1. Describe chemicals, hazards, and risk Involved
2. List key personnel
a. Response manager (OSC)/alternate
b. Safety offlcer(s)/alternate
c. Other responsible site personnel /alternate
3. Prescribe Levels of Protection
: SUPP°rt —• ««»1«ti., reduction
5. Implement procedures to control '
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F.S.O.P. f9
6. Define decontamination procedures.
7. Delineate entry and escape routes.
8. Identify/contact medical facility, etc.:
a. Fire
b. Ambulance
c. Police
d. Health
e. Etc.
9. List responsible parties and emergency contacts:
a. Federal Government EPA/USCG/CDC/OSHA
b. State Government Environmental/Health Agency
c. County/City Government
10. . Establish personnel air monitoring.
11. Specify routine and special training needed
12. Establish procedures for managing weather-related problems.
•
B. Levels of Protection
1. Level C protection should be used for those job functions listed
below where there 1s no potential for personnel contact with
either hazardous materials or gases, vapors, or partlculates
exceeding requirements for wearing air-purifying respirators.
(Identify job functions 1n this paragraph:
e.g. - monitoring/surveillance, supervisors,
observers, etc.)
(Identify specific type of respirator 1n this paragraph:
e.g. • approved respirator and type of canister.)
(Identify skin protection In this paragraph:
e.g. - double boots, double gloves, Tyvek/Saran hooded,
disposable coveralls, etc.)
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F.S.O.P. f9
2. Level B protection should be used for those Job functions listed
below, based either on potential or known site conditions and/or
vipor and gas concentrations, for which Level C 1s unsatisfactory.
Identify job functions In this paragraph:
(e.g. - Heavy equipment operations, samplers, equipment/
drum handlers, etc.)
Identify specific respiratory protection 1n this paragraph:
(e.g. - self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), supplied air
respirator)
Identify skin protection 1n this paragraph:
(e.g. - double boots, double gloves, type of chemical re-
sistant garment, etc)
3. If Level A protection Is applicable, write a paragraph 1n plan
listing where and when It 1s to be worn.
4. Level D Is not adequate protection for any work on-slte where
potential for exposure Is possible.
£• levels C and B nay be modified based on monitoring and sampling
data collected on-slte. Safety deslgnee should not auke any
edification to the Level of Protection without discussing It
with the On-Scene-Coordinator.
C. . Air nonitorlng - Refer to Standard Operating Safety Guides, Part 8,
Air Surveillance, (and/or FSOP 18.)
0. Training
• Personnel must have both formal training and prior-on-the-job
training for those tasks they are assigned to at the Incident. All
unfamiliar activities will be rehearsed beforehand.
E. Respiratory Protection Program
All contractor and government personnel Involved in on-site
activities shall have a written respiratory protection program. A11
personnel wearing air-purifying respirators and self contained units
on-s1te are required to be fit-tested. All personnel wearing
respirators must be properly trained and physically fit. All
respirators are to be properly decontaminated at the end of each
workday.
Persons having beards or facial hair lust not wear a respirator if a
proper mask-to-face-seal can not be demonstrated by a fit test. A
log of all Individuals wearing personnel protective equipment shall
be Maintained, including time In exclusion zone.
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F.S.O.P. *9
F. All contractor and government personnel who ire exposed to hazardous
levels of chemicals or use respirators must be enrolled In a medical
monitoring program.
G. General Safety Rules and Equipment
1. There will be no eating, drinking, or smoking In the exclusion or
contamination reduction zone.
2. All personnel must pass through the contamination reduction zone
to enter or exit the exclusion zone.
3. As a minimum, emergency eye washes will be on, the hot side of the
contamination reduction zone and/or at the work station.
«
4. As a minimum, an emergency deluge shower and/or spray cans are to
be located on the clean side of the contamination reduction area.
5. At the end of the work day, all personnel working 1n the
exclusion area shall take a hygienic shower.
6. All supplied breathing air shall be certified as grade 0 or
better.
7. Where practical, all tools/equipment will be spark proof,
explosion resistant, and/or bonded and grounded.
.8. Fire extinguishers will be on-site for use on equipment or small
fires only.
9. Since site evacuation may be necessary if an explosion, fire, or
release occurs, an individual shall be assigned to sound an alert
and notify the responsible public officials if required. For
example, the evacuation signal nay be two long horn blasts every
30 seconds until all personnel are evacuated and accounted for.
10. An adequately stocked first-aid kit will be on-scene at all times
during operational hours. It is suggested that an oxygen
inhalator respirator be available and a qualified operator be
present. The location of these items and the operator shall be
posted.
H. Morning Safety Meeting
A morning safety meeting will be conducted for all site personnel
and they will sign a daily attendance sheet and should sign a master
sheet indicating they have read the site safety plan and will
comply. The safety procedures and the day's planned operations
should be discussed.
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F.S.O.P. f9
Attachment B
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL
APPENDIX A - SAMPLE SAFETY PLAN
Assistance 1n preparing the safety plan can be obtained from the OHS
Designee located 1n Room _ of Building
or by telephoning
REVIEW
Response Safety Committee Chairperson
APPROVALS
OSC/SFC
OHS Deslgnee
QIC
PROJECT LEADER
Branch
Building
Room
Phone
DATE OF PLAN PREPARATION
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE RESPONSE
Site Name Site No.
HAZARDOUS/SUBSTANCES (known or suspected, contaminated media or in
storage container, etc.):
Page 18
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F.S.O.P. 19
OCCUPATIOHAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL
HAZARD ASSESSMENT
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F.S.O.P. *9
DECONTAMINATION AND DISPOSAi
Procedure, .confte, p,™nel. „„
Instrumentj. equlpnent. etc):
Disposal
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
In event of personnel
Ingestlon):
In event of personnel Injury:
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F.S.O.P 19
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL
In event of potential or actual fire or explosion:
In event of potential or actual Ionizing radiation
exposure:
* °f "lv1ronTOnt" ««'««* (spr«d of
lt):
outside
EMERGENCY SERVICES (co»l»f *»~ ». »....,
Location
Emergency Medical Facility
11st availahl»
Telephone
Ambulance Service
Page 21
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F.S.O.P f9
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL
Location Telephone
F1re Department
Police Department
Poison Control Center
PERSONNEL POTENTIALLY EXPOSED TO HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
Personnel Authorized to Enter site
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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F.S.O.P. *9
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANUAL
«*"««*
ALTERNATIVE WORK PRACTICES
APPROPRIATE LITERATURE c
LEVEL OF PROTECTION
SITE MAP
ss'SS
s,
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F.S.O.P. 99
ATTACHMENT C
Emergency Operation Codes
Re§1-Time Monitor
(suggested minimum action plan)
(Site Name)
CODE DESIGNATIONS
1. GREEN
A. Normal operations
2. YELLOW A
«
A. Cessation of specific work activity on-site because of:
(1) Indications of emissions from the site such as continuous
organic readings on direct-reading instrument of
* ppm above background (measured 20-30 ft. from point of
suspected release), and
(2) Current or projected meteorologlc conditions Indicate a
probable Impact on work activity.
B. If background readings above * ppm are obtained during
cessation of activity, redesign activity to lower releases and/or
delay that on-site activity until off-site air monitoring
indicates acceptable off-site concentration.
C. Site personnel will Immediately notify EPA/State of site
condition.
3. YELLOW B
A. Termination of all work on-site because of:
(1) Indications of emissions from the site such as continuous
organic readings on direct-reading Instrument
* ppm above background: (measured approximately 1,000
ft. frorc work area or site property limits),,-and
(2) Current or projected meteorologlc conditions indicate a "
potential impact on inhabited areas.
B. Site personnel will Immediately notify EPA/State of site
conditions.
C. EPA/State will modify off-site air wnitoring to meet the needs
of contingency plan.
Page 24
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F.S.O.-P.-f9
4. RED
A. Termination of all work on-site because of:
(1) Indications of emissions from the site such as continuous
organic readings on direct-reading Instruments
* ppm above background (measured downwind at the nearest
occupied area off-site, and
(2) Current or projected meteorologlc conditions Indicate a
potential Impact on Inhabited areas.
B. Site personnel will Immediately notify EPA/State of site
conditions.
C. Local officials making evacuation/public health decisions will be
advised by EPA/State to:
(1) Release a public health advisory to potentially affected
areas since on-s1te control methods will not reduce the
source of contamination; and/or
(2) Implement a temporary relocation plan because on-s1te
activities Indicate a potential for continuous above
background/acceptable readings at the nearest Inhabited
areals).
^Concentration should be determined by appropriate response
personnel.
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F.S.O.P. 09
SArmr CHECK-OFF
(»1n1num required data)
I. Before Response
1. Incident: Site
a. Response Dale?
<
2. Type of Response: Spill nre
3. Incident Safety Plan: Region
4. Suspected chemlcal(s) Involved: (a)
5. Protective Level(s) Involved: A -a
(a) If Level C - 1. Identify Canister
2. Describe air monitoring sources(s)
(b) If Level D JUSTIFY (In consents section
S. SCBA-Ident1fy Buddy: Name/Organization
7. last*Response: (a) Level Used: A
II. AFTER RESPONSE
1. Protective Level Used: A
a. Level C - Identify cannlster-
c. L.V.! B „ c *,. protKt10n:
2. List posslbl,
(b) Medical Attention/Exam Performed: Yes Ho
C D
B
.xposur.: S,« „ ,bo,e
3-
,.,
Cleaned:
No Action:
4. ApproxlMU urn in exclusion ,rM: __ hours per ,,y ^ ^
5. Was Mdkil attention/exam requlrtd for this
Part I: DATE PREPARED: „„,«„,„ by
Part II: DATE PREPARED: R,v1ewd
COIHENTS:
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