-------
LABORATORY PLAN
FOR THE
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Part II: Survey of EPA
Laboratory Requirements
March 1972
Prepared by:
Laboratory Operations Division
Office of Research and Monitoring
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPENDIX A: OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND MONITORING
Section I: National Environmental Research Center,
Research Triangle Park, N.C.
Section II: National Environmental Research Center,
Cincinnati, Ohio
Section III: National Environmental Research Center,
Corvallis, Oreg.
Section IV: Western Environmental Research Laboratory
Las Vegas, Nev.
APPENDIX B: OFFICE OF CATEGORICAL PROGRAMS
Section I: Office of Pesticides Programs
Section II: Office of Solid Waste Management Programs
Section III: Office of Radiation Programs
APPENDIX B: OFFICE OF AIR AND WATER PROGRAMS
Section I: Office of Air Programs
Addendum A: Resource Requirements for Sampling
and Analysis Support
Addendum B: Ann Arbor Facility History
Section II: Office of Water Programs
APPENDIX D: OFFICE OF ENFORCEMENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL
Section I: Cincinnati and Denver Field Investigation Centers
Section II: Marine Investigation Center
Section III: Air Pollution Field Investigation Center
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APPENDIX E: REGIONAL OFFICES
Section I: Region I
Section II: Region II
Section III: Region III
Section IV: Region IV
Section V: Region V
Section VI: Region VI
Section VII: Region VII
Section VIII: Region VIII
Section IX: Region IX
Section X: Region X
Figure
C-l
C-2
C-3
C-4
C-5
E-I-1
E-I-2
LIST OF FIGURES
Title Page
Organization of Office of Air Programs C-I-3
OAP Existing Personnel in Existing
Facilities, By Program C-I-4
Management Concept of OAP Field
Facilities C-I-6
Office of Water Programs Organization
Structure C-II-2
Office of Water Programs Field Facilities
Management Concept C-II-3
Region I Organization E-I-3
Surveillance and Analysis Division
Organization, Region I E-I-^
11
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Figure Title Page
E-II-1 Region II Organization E-II-U
E-II-2 Surveillance and Analysis Division
Organization, Region II E-II-5
E-VI-1 Region VI Organization E-VT-10
E-VII-1 Proposed Organization, Surveillance
and Analysis Division, Region VII E-VII-^
E-IX-1 Functions of Technical Support
Branch, Surveillance and Analysis
Division, Region IX E-IX-3
LIST OF TABLES
Table Title Page
1 National Laboratories - Summary of
Personnel Staffing by Location 2
2 Regional Laboratories - Summary of
Personnel Staffing by Location 3
A-l Laboratory Resources - Office of
Research and Monitoring - NERC,
Research Triangle Park, N.C. A-I-38
A-2a Laboratory Resources - Office of
Research and Monitoring (excluding
pending water legislation) - NERC,
Cincinnati, Ohio A-II-^U
A-2b Laboratory Resources - Office of
Research and Monitoring (including
pending water legislation) - NERC,
Cincinnati, Ohio A-II-^6
A-3a Laboratory Resources - Office of
Research and Monitoring (excluding
pending water legislation) - NERC,
Corvallis, Oreg. A-III-30
111
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Table Title Page
A-3b Laboratory Resources - Office of
Research and Monitoring (including
pending water legislation) - NERC,
Corvallis, Oreg. A-III-32
A-k Laboratory Resources - Office of
Research and Monitoring - WERL,
Las Vegas, Nev. A-IV-11)-
B-l Laboratory Resources - Office of
Categorical Programs - Pesticides B-III-17
B-2 Laboratory Resources - Office of
Categorical Programs - Solid Wastes B-III-18
B-3 Laboratory Resources - Office of
Categorical Programs - Radiation B-III-19
C-l Laboratory Resources - Office of
Air Programs - Research Triangle, N.C. C-I-19
C-2 Laboratory Resources - Office of
Air Programs - Ann Arbor, Mich. C-I-21
C-3 Existing Laboratory Research Facilities,
Water Supply Programs C-II-5
C-4 Proposed Additional Laboratory Research
Facilities, Water Supply Programs C-II-7
C-5 Laboratory Resources - Office of
Water Programs (water supply programs) C-II-16
C-6 Laboratory Resources - Office of
Water Programs (excluding water supply
programs) C-II-1T
D-l Specific Capabilities of Cincinnati
and Denver Field Investigation Centers D-2
IV
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Table Title Page
D-2 Laboratory Resources - Office of
Enforcement and General Counsel D-II-5
E-I-1 Professional Staff, Region I E-I-1
E-I-2 Laboratory Resources, Region I E-I-5
E-I-3 Laboratory Component Summary, Region I E-I-9
E-II-1 Staffing Requirements, Region II E-II-10
E-II-2 Laboratory Component Summary, Region II E-II-13
E-III-1 Technical Support Branch, Region III E-III-2
E-III-2 Laboratory Resources, Region III E-III-U
E-III-3 Laboratory Component Summary, Region III E-III-6
E-IV-1 Present Staff by Discipline, Region IV E-IV-3
E-IV-2 Laboratory Resources, Region IV E-IV-6
E-IV-3 Laboratory Component Summary, Region IV E-IV-25
E-V-1 Program Category Summary, Region V
Laboratories, Fiscal Years 1972-77 E-V-6
E-V-2 Present Professional Staffing, Region V
Laboratories E-V-7
E-V-3 Projected Professional Staffing, Region V
Laboratories E-V-8
E-V-^ Capabilities, Region V Laboratories E-V-9
E-V-5 Facilities and Equipment, Region V
Laboratories E-V-10
E-V-6 Laboratory Resources, Region V E-V-11
E-V-7 Laboratory Component Summary, Region V E-V-^5
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Table Title
E-VT-1 Laboratory Service Plan, Region VI
E-VT-2 Laboratory Resources, Region VI,
Division Summary
E-VI-3 Laboratory Resources, Region VI,
Divisional Breakdown
E-VI-^ Laboratory Component Summary, Region VI
E-VTI-1 Laboratory Resources, Region VII
E-VTI-2 Existing and Projected Laboratory Space
and Staff, Region VII
E-VII-3 Laboratory Component Summary, Region VII
E-VIII-1 Laboratory Resources, Region VIII
E-VIII-2 Laboratory Component Summary, Region VIII
E-IX-1 Laboratory Capabilities, Region IX
E-IX-2 Laboratory Resources, Region IX
E-IX-3 Laboratory Component Summary, Region IX
E-X-1 Consolidated Laboratory Services,
Man-Hours, Region X
E-X-2 Consolidated Laboratory Services, Costs,
Region X
E-X-3 Laboratory Resources, Region X
E-X-^ Laboratory Component Summary, Region X
Page
E-VI-11
E-VI-lU
E-VI-15
E-VI-^0
E-VII-6
E-VII-T
E -VII -11
E-VIII-10
E -VIII -13
E-IX-4
E-IX-6
E-IX-22
E-X-2
E-X-6
E-X-16
VI
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A separate document, Part I of the EPA Laboratory Plan, presents
a series of recommendations which comprise the proposed plan for EPA
laboratories.
This document, Part II, reviews the laboratory needs of the Agency.
It was developed by requesting that every organizational entity within
EPA submit a description of its present-day laboratories, its ongoing
laboratory programs, and the extent to which these laboratories are
adequate for existing programs. Each responding component of the
Agency also has attempted to document its expected program growth as
it relates to the laboratories. These data are contained in individual
appendices of this report, which are organized as follows:
Appendix A: Office of Research and Monitoring
Appendix B: Office of Categorical Programs
Appendix C: Office of Air and Water Programs
Appendix D: Office of Enforcement and General Counsel
Appendix E: Regions
After this information from throughout the Agency was received, a
comprehensive review was undertaken by Office of Planning and Management
to compare the consistency of these data with the budget ceiling.
Wherever personnel projections exceeded the budget ceiling, these pro-
jections were modified accordingly. On the basis of this analysis, a
composite set of projections, by location, was prepared, consolidating
the data of individual programs. The resulting projections are shown
in Tables 1 and 2. They reflect the personnel staffing summaries for
the EPA laboratory system covering the period FY 1972 to FY 1977.
The summaries of personnel in both tables were based on the
following:
c For FY 1972, the actual allocation of positions was used
o For FY 1973> the projections were predicated on program
estimates derived from the FY 1973 budget ceiling
o For FY 197^ to 1977, projections for OCP and the Regions
were based on Appendices B and E respectively, and pro-
jections for ORM and OAWP were developed from the budget
ceiling provided by 0PM.
The numbers for a given location do not reflect the consolidation
recommended in the plan (Part l). The projections in these tables
include all organizational components (ORM, OCP, OAWP, OEGC, Regions)
located within a particular geographic area.
The personnel projected in Table 2 for the Regions are for the
laboratory component of the Region (Surveillance and Analysis Division)
only and are not intended to be used for estimating total Regional staffing.
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TABLE 1
NATIONAL LABORATORIES -
SUMMARY OF PERSONNEL STAFFING BY LOCATION
Laboratory
Research Triangle Park, N.C.
Rockville, Md.
Chamblee, Ga.
Perrine, Fla.
Montgomery, Ala.
Cincinnati, Ohio
Edison, N.J.
Gig Harbor, Wash.
Dauphin Island, Ala.
Corvallis, Oreg. '
Narragansett, R.I.
Gulf Breeze, Fla.
College, Alaska
Athens, Ga.
Duluth, Minn.
Ada, Okla.
Grosse lie, Mich.
Las Vegas, Nev.
Winchester, Mass.c
Ann Arbor, Mich.
Washington, D.C.C
Belts ville, Md.C
Bay St. Louis, Miss.
TOTAL
FYT2
9*6
60
87
55
70
751
26
10
22
8k
92
39
16
63
91
60
10
208
19
157
1*
58
k9
2987
FY73
1167
60
87
66
70
773
26
10
22
99
106
65
16
65
120
60
10
222
19
25*
Ik
68
57
3*56
aFY7*
127*
58
87
69
70
791
2k
11
23
125
109
85
16
71
123
72
12
228
19
265
15
76
78
3699
aFY75
1358
59
87
Ik
70
823
22
11
2k
13*
114
89
16
71
129
75
12
232
19
257
17
82
87
3860
aFY76
1*16
62
87
78
70
8*5
19
12
2k
1*1
119
89
16
73
13*
78
12
237
19
258
20
87
96
3922
aFY77
1*71
63
87
83
70
865
17
12
2*
1*7
12*
91
16
75
1*0
80
12
25*
19
260
20
90
101
*121
Budgeted positions used for FY 197* - 1977 except where otherwise noted.
Includes Wenachee, Wash., Field Station.
Projections provided by OCP.
includes personnel assigned to field sites.
eincludes Bears Bluff Field Station and NEWSL.
f
Includes pesticides laboratory.
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TABLE 2
REGIONAL LABORATORIES -
SUMMARY OF PERSONNEL STAFFING BY LOCATION
r\
Laboratory
Needham, Mass.
Edison, N.J.
New York, N.Y.
Rochester, N.Y.
Philadelphia, Pa.
Charlottesville, Va.
Wheeling, W.Va.
Annapolis, Md.
Athen, Ga.
Chicago, 111.
Grosse lie, Mich.
Evansville, Ind.
Cleveland, Ohio
Minneapolis, Minn.
Dallas, Tex.
Ada, Okla.
Baton Rouge, La.
Kansas City, Kan.
Denver, Colo.
San Francisco, Calif.
Alameda, Calif.
Seattle, Wash.
TOTAL
FYT2
16
28
10
6
7
11
11
56
23
6
12
9
3
25
14
6
12
77
8
21
11
572
FY73
24
50
12
9
17
11
11
72
47
6
12
9
3
31
14
6
30
103
9
29
30
535
FY74
45
62
13
9
—
38
11
11
76
74
6
12
9
3
70
14
6
k2
102
9
31
^5
688
FY75
k7
66
Ik
9
—
4i
n
11
80
80
6
12
9
3
85
14
6
48
115
11
35
47
750
FY76
50
70
15
9
—
44
11
11
82
87
6
12
9
3
95
14
6
49
121
11
37
49 •
791
FY77
51
70
15
9
—
47
11
11
85
93
6
12
9
3
100
14
6
51
121
11
38
51
814
Projected staffing as submitted to task group unless otherwise noted.
Includes staff assigned to NFIC (memo dated 1/27/72) and pesticides laboratory.
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APPENDIX A
Office of Research and Monitoring
-------
The Office of Research and Monitoring (ORM) is responsible for
EPA's major research efforts. This research is carried out by three
National Environmental Research Centers located in Research Triangle
Park, N.C., Cincinnati, Ohio, and Corvallis, Oreg., and at the Western
Environmental Research Laboratory (WERL) in Las Vegas, Nev.
The responsibilities of each Center and WERL are discussed by
program codes. The resource requirements for each location, in terms of
dollars and man-years for fiscal 1972 through 1-977, are grouped at the
end of each section of the appendix.
A-l
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SECTION I: NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER
RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, N.C.
To provide sound\scientific bases for control of environmental pol-
lutants which adversely affect human health and welfare, the National
Environmental Research Center (NERC) in Research Triangle Park, N.C.,
conducts comprehensive research programs on the long- and short-term
effects of environmental pollutants, development of sampling and meas-
urement methods and instrumentation, environmental formation and decay
of pollutants, and environmental meteorology.
In addition to the research programs, the Center maintains and
operates a national environmental surveillance program and a national
environmental data information service, provides laboratory and other
technical services to organizations external to the Center, develops
environmental quality criteria and state-of-the-art documents, and
operates the fuel and fuel additives registration program.
The Center accomplishes its mission through in-house activities
located at the Research Triangle Park (RTF) facilities, research facil-
ities at the University of North Carolina, and several assigned satel-
lite research laboratories, as well as through research and development
contracts with public and private organizations, research grants, inter-
national programs, and interagency agreements.
Concept of Operation
The mission of the Center is broadly stated in terms of media,
categories, and disciplines in order to accommodate possible shifts of
emphasis over the next few years. The on-site research and monitoring
activities at the Research Triangle Park will continue to concentrate on
air pollution problems and to provide the research and monitoring backup
to support EPA's regulatory mission in air pollution. The present close
coordination with the Office of Air Programs is expected to be strength-
ened and intensified.
The program of research in health and ecological effects will be
broadened to include pesticides and radiation as well. Close interfaces
are being established between these programs, the satellite laboratories
of this Center, and related research programs in the other NERC's at
Cincinnati, Ohio and Corvallis, Oreg.
Through our satellite laboratories at Montgomery, Ala., and Rockville,
Md., we envision a cohesive program of research in radiation with special
emphasis on the effects of ionizing and nonionizing radiation on human
health and biological systems. We expect this program to be closely
coordinated with that of the Western Environmental Research Laboratory at
A-I-1
-------
Las Vegas, Nev., the health and ecological programs at Research Triangle
Park, and NERC-Cincinnati. The program will be responsive to the needs
of the Office of Radiation Programs and EPA.
The pesticides toxicology and chemistry programs at Perrine, Fla.,
Chamblee, Ga., and Wenatchee, Wash., should become an integral part of the
total RERC-RTP mission in environmental research. They will continue to
be responsive to the needs of the Office of Pesticides Programs and the
EPA regulatory mission.
We anticipate addition of several research activities currently
assigned to the Offices of Categorical and Air and Water Programs. Exam-
ples are research on control systems for stationary sources of air pollu-
tants, the community pesticides program, and certain aspects of the water
hygiene program. Present plans provide for reassigning the operating
direction of the research and development program on control systems for
stationary sources of air pollution to this Center in July 1972.
A-I-2
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PROGRAM CODE: 110101: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS-AIR-ESTABLISHMENT OF
CRITERIA AND STANDARDS-POLLUTANT CHARACTERIZATION
Objectives
The objectives of this program are to:
« Provide a basis for selection of strategies for pollutant
control
e Issue air quality criteria for those pollutants for which
National Ambient Air Quality Standards are to be proposed
and promulgated
e Revise air quality criteria
o Develop guidance for proposed emission standards for hazardous
pollutants
c Evaluate impact of emissions from mobile sources on air
quality.
Description
Information developed under other programs, augmented by information
developed Tinder contract, is summarized for use in considering the need
for control and the appropriate control strategy to be employed. Fol-
lowing such decisions, documentation required in support of opted control
strategies is developed. This documentation consists of criteria docu-
ments for those pollutants for which National Ambient Air Quality Standards
will be established. In other instances, the documentation will identify the
hazardous nature of the pollutant and provide guidance for establishment
of emission standards.
As new information becomes available, criteria documents will be
revised and reissued, especially when the new information supports modi-
fication of air quality standards.
Other major efforts undertaken in this program center around the
evaluation of impact of emissions from mobile sources (light-and heavy-
duty vehicles and aircraft) on air quality, thereby providing guidance
for emission standards consistent with National Ambient Air Quality
Standards.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
This program is related to other EPA programs involving research
on:
A-I-3
-------
o Community Health Effects Surveillance Studies (CHESS)
o Ecological Impact
e Biomedical Support
e Formation and Decay of Pollutants
e Instrumentation and Analytical Methods Development
o Standardization of Instrumentation and Analytical Methods.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
This program interacts with the Office of Science and Technology and
the National Science Foundation. These agencies fund programs which are
utilized in examination of pollutants, and close coordination is required
to avoid duplication of effort and to ensure that other programs are
formulated to provide EPA the maximum assistance.
A-I-k
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PROGRAM CODE: 110102: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS-AIR-ESTABLISHMENT OF
CRITERIA AM) STANDARDS-FUEL AND FUEL ADDITIVE REGISTRATION
Objectives
The objectives of this program are to register all fuels and fuel
additives and to determine if they should be controlled.
Description
All fossil fuels in general use (except coal) and their additives
will be registered and the related test procedures and protocols will
be developed. Data submitted by industry for purposes of registration
will provide basic information concerning fuels and additives. After
test procedures and protocols (for tests to be conducted by manufacturers)
have been developed and incorporated into the registration procedures,
information on emission products and their effects on public health,
welfare, and performance of emission control devices will also be avail-
able. The information thus obtained from industry, supplemented by the
results of research by EPA, will provide a comprehensive data bank avail-
able for use in screening, evaluating, and supporting decisions on the
need for control of a fuel or fuel additive.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Other EPA research programs provide input to fuel and fuel additive
registration:
o CHESS
o Ecological Impact
o Biomedical Support
e Formation and Decay of Pollutants
o Standardization of Instrumentation and Analytical Methods.
This program will provide input into the pollutant characterization
program.
A-I-5
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PROGRAM CODE: 110103: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS-AIR-ESTABLISHMENT OF
CRITERIA AND STANDARDS-REGIONAL AIR POLLUTION STUDY
Objectives
The Regional Air Pollution Study is to provide:
o A description of the transport, dispersion, and other atmos-
pheric processes associated with both stable and reactive
pollutants, in enough detail to allow meaningful prediction
of pollutant distribution over distances on the order of 150
kilometers
o An improved understanding of the atmospheric reactions asso-
ciated with SOp, NO , hydrocarbons, ozone, organic nitrates,
and aldehydes x
o Definition of an optimum network designed to measure and
monitor air quality and meteorology over a typical Air Quality
Control Region
o Definition of an optimum system for obtaining and up-dating
emission inventories for a Region
e A comprehensive and detailed emission inventory for a Region
o A demonstration and evaluation of how the effectiveness of
air pollution control strategies may be assessed and predicted
within an air quality region
o A basis for developing improved control strategies.
Description
The Regional Study will involve a detailed analysis of the sources
of pollution, meteorology, and air quality within and near the St. Louis
area. The study will require more /comprehensive source inventory and
meteorological and air quality data than have heretofore been obtained.
The study is expected to take 5 years to complete. An optimum program will
consider additional studies at coastal and mountainous sites, following
completion of the St. Louis study. Special field studies involving
atmospheric tracers, aircraft, mobile laboratories, and remote sensing
of air quality and meteorological conditions will be carried out.
The Regional Study should provide a sound scientific body of infor-
mation that can be used to better assess the adequacy of States' Imple-
mentation Programs and to develop Implementation Programs for pollutants
which EPA decides need to be controlled. An improved quantitative
description of physicochemical factors affecting air quality will be help-
ful for evaluation of control strategies, urban planning, and general
environmental improvement. The knowledge gained will be suitable for a
A-I-6
-------
comprehensive evaluation and improvement of available mathematical
models of air quality on an urban-regional scale, as well as providing
data to develop new modeling techniques.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
The Regional Study will require air quality and emission data avail-
able through the National Aerometric Data Information Services and the
Division of Air Surveillance. Trace technology and the chemical labora-
tories of the Division of Chemistry and Physics and aircraft capabilities
of WERL will be used. Interaction with other EPA offices and centers
would be as required pending the approved reorganization. The results of
the study will be transferred to the Office of Air Programs for imple-
mentation in the field.
i
Interaction with Other Laboratories
The National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
provides meteorologists on assignment to EPA. Other agencies (National
Science Foundation, AEG, NOAA, National Center for Atmospheric Research)
may conduct complementary studies that could enhance greatly the value of
the total effort. Although not included in budget, mesoscale forecasting
and modeling studies supported by the grant program would be relevant.
A-I-T
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PROGRAM CODE: 110200: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS-AIR-RESEARCH-AIR
POLLUTION EFFECTS (SPECIFICALLY, 110201 AND 110203)
Objectives
Health research needs are practical and problem-oriented. Studies
are designed to define the relationship between environmental pollutants,
singly or in combination, and specific undesirable effects. The specific
objectives are to:
e Provide health intelligence for establishing environmental
standards
e Evaluate existing environmental standards
e Quantitate pollutant burdens in exposed populations
o Quantitate health benefits of pollutant controls.
Description
This program includes laboratory studies in animals or cellular sys-
tems, clinical studies on human subjects, and epidemiologic studies on
human populations. Both intramural investigations and extramural arrange-
ments with universities, industry, private research institutions, and other
governmental agencies are involved. Analysis of the economic value of the
effects is an integral part of the program.
A-I-8
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 110202: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS -AIR-RESEARCH-AIR
POLLUTION EFFECTS-ECOLOGICAL IMPACT
Objectives
The primary objective is to determine the effects of environmental
stressors—primarily air pollutants—upon the terrestrial ecosystem,
upon components of that ecosystem, and upon those materials and structures
used by man to modify the environment for his own use. Data collected in
this element must be quantitative in nature to be useful in developing
the predictive tools EPA needs.
Description
The work centers on the ecosystem as the basic unit. The systems
to be investigated are being selected because of their economic importance,
their closeness to major pollutant sources, and their extent on a national
basis. The basic tools of ecosystems analysis, the predictive models,
have not been developed to date; however, they are required if EPA is to
move from a fire-fighting agency to that of an environmental management
agency. During the first 2 years of this planning phase the major
emphasis will be on the development of the tools needed to conduct eco-
systems research. Six models have been identified.
Successional Model. In major wild land situations, the primary
concern of the ecologist is that the succession of plants, and thus
the wildlife habitat, will be altered as a result of effects of
man-made environmental stressors. This model will be developed by
an in-house program using local grasses, weeds, and shrubs to develop
and test our own model of the effects of oxidant upon the system.
In addition, under contract, the University of California will
develop a model of effects of photochemical oxidant upon a western
mixed conifer ecosystem in the San Bernardino National Forest.
Yield or Biomass Model. The major effect of pollutants upon man's
food supplies is through the effects upon agricultural lands. Work
in this area has been limited in many ways due to restraints of
time, money, and facilities. During the next 2 years the facility
restraint will be lifted. With some restructuring of programs (now
under way), the effects of the other restraints can be reduced
enough to begin to give data which will allow the program to pro-
ceed in this area. By the third year, a meaningful agricultural
yield model should be available for the effects of sulfur dioxide,
photochemical oxidants, nitrogen oxides, and peroxyacylnitrate.
Some limited data will be available on interactions of these pollutants,
Mass Transfer Model. The transport of toxic materials through food
chains is one of EPA's major concerns in both the aquatic and the
A-I-9
-------
terrestrial ecosystems. In order to conduct meaningful research in
this area, it will be necessary to rely heavily on radioisotope work
already under way in other agencies, along with studies of our own.
The Center's efforts will combine the fuel additives work with this
work to give models for a number of toxic elements. The priorities
for these are mercury, lead, cadmium, manganese, and iron, in that
order. These choices are based upon preliminary models of the
terrestrial system. A "model" ecosystem is being developed and
should be operational by the end of 1973- This system will enable
rough screening of fuel additives and provide data for verifying
the models.
Population Models. With wild land populations of mammals and insects,
the interrelations between individuals and between groups of individ-
uals are of primary importance in the effects of stressors upon the
ecosystem, as well as in the transfer of toxic materials through
food chains. As a first approximation, mosquito populations and
microorganisms will be used to develop models. Both are sensitive
to manipulation and can thus be used to verify concepts. This work
will center around data from the old mosquito control program and
from laboratory studies. Models should be completed by the end of
FY 1973- Sulfur dioxide, ozone, mercury, lead, cadmium, and manganese
will be used.
Mechanism Models. To identify the sites of action of pollutants it
is necessary to develop models that will give indications of how
plants operate under the stress of a pollutant. These models will
have a low priority but are needed if we are to determine how to
breed resistant plants without a long-term breeding effort. The
first such model, which is already under way, is being developed
from in-house data collected over the last 5 years. It should be
completed by the end of FY 1972. Others will be developed as they
are identified and data obtained. Sulfur dioxide and ozone will be
used for this initial work.
By the beginning of FY 197^ the Center will be in a position to under-
take major ecosystems studies. The first such study is at San Bernardino.
The work has not begun but a protocol is being developed under contract
with the University of California. Five campuses and several other
Federal and State agencies are taking part. A second study will involve
the Agricultural-Forest-Old Field Ecosystem of Piedmont, N.C. It will
examine the impact of sulfur dioxide and ozone in selected locations near
the Center.
Materials Models. Materials are used extensively as man's means of
adapting the environment to his own needs. The costs of these
materials increase constantly. Any factor which impacts on this
cost must be taken into consideration in determining the effects of
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those factors. Air pollutants and probably water pollutants fall
into that category. This program presently covers these studies.
However, it is the consensus of feeling that they should be a
separate program in order to make them more visible and allow them
some degree of autonomy from the biological aspects of ecology.
The present program calls for studies on the effects of common
air pollutants on metals, fabrics, paints, building materials,
and elastomers.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
This program of necessity will interact with the Corvallis
NERC, which has been assigned responsibility for ecology.
We hope that this relationship will enable us to work cooperatively
with the Gulf Breeze Laboratory, Gulf Breeze, Fla., on a pesticide study
encompassing both terrestrial and estuary systems, as well as a study
with the National Water Quality Laboratory in Duluth, Minn., investi-
gating the impacts of sulfur oxides acid rainfall on a major system in
the eastern United States. Assistance from the Center's Satellite Labs
and from the Western Environmental Research Laboratory is also
contemplated.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
The EPA ecological impact program has maintained working inter-
agency cooperative agreements with the USDA's Agricultural Research
Service and Forest Service for several years. This arrangement has
proved beneficial to all parties. We plan to continue and broaden
these relationships as new funds permit.
Plans are under way to develop a viable ecosystems modeling
research program in North Carolina in conjunction with local univer-
sities and other Federal agencies. Our work presently interacts closely
with North Carolina State University. We use their facilities, equipment,
and staff through a cooperative agreement handled by ARS. The plan is to
transfer this arrangement to EPA next fiscal year.
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PROGRAM CODE: 110301: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS-AIR-RESEARCH-
ATMOSPHERIC PROCESSES AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL PHENOMENA-
METEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH
Objectives
The main objectives are to:
o Develop analytical formulations to estimate the relation-
ship between any arbitrary distribution of pollutant sources
and the resultant air quality
o Describe and evaluate the impact of air pollutants on
visibility, weather, and climate, on scales ranging from
local to global dimensions
o Provide an accurate and updated description of the roles
and interrelationships of atmospheric processes and ecology
in effective air, water, and land resource management.
In order to meet these main objectives, the following secondary
objectives will have to be achieved:
o Valid physicochemical-diffusion models, to account for atmos-
pheric reactions involving sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides,
hydrocarbons, ozone, organic nitrates, and aldehydes (by
FY 1976)
o Diffusion model capable of describing the concentration
distribution of the automotive-generated nonreactive (carbon
monoxide) pollutant (by FY 1973)
o Adaptation of planetary boundary layer models to simulate
urban boundary layer dispersion processes (by FY 197*0
o An improved mathematical model for predicting the dispersion
of pollutants (including heat and water vapor) from large
electric power generation facilities (by FY 197*0
e Development of remote sensing techniques for measuring mixing
depths and vertical temperature and wind profiles within the
planetary boundary layer (by FY 1973)
o Implementation of regional-global geophysical monitoring
networks (by FY 1973) and expansion of networks (by 1974).
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Description
Current and proposed efforts focus on the development of a hier-
archy of general urban-regional diffusion models; theoretical modeling
efforts involving an assessment of new empirical and numerical modeling
techniques are under way. Diffusion model tests and validation will be
carried out in appropriate urban areas; remote sensing instrument proto-
types will be modified to give field units capable of measuring vertical
wind and temperature profiles. Global turbidity network will be expanded;
lead monitoring at remote maritime areas will be continued; precipitation
chemistry network data will be analyzed for relating local weather
influences; the identification of stratospheric sulfur and natural pre-
cipitation washout of power plant plumes will be made through aircraft
monitoring and field tests. Synoptic scale weather and climatic data
will be analyzed to quantify air pollution potential forecasts and im-
prove forecasting techniques useful to Air Quality Control Regions.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
The studies utilize air quality and precipitation chemistry data
available through the National Aerometric Data Information Services and
the Division of Air Surveillance. Tracer technology and chemical labora-
tory facilities of the Division of Chemistry and Physics support field
tests.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
In interagency agreements, NCAA provides meteorologists and tech-
nicians on assignment to EPA. TVA and AEG support work in plume studies
and sulfur studies.
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PROGRAM CODE: 110302: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS-AIR-RESEARCH-
ATMOSPHERIC PROCESSES AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL PHENOMENA-
FORMATION AND DECAY OF POLLUTANTS
Objectives
Pollution control strategies are based on knowledge of atmospheric
chemistry and physics. Detailed knowledge is needed on how pollutants
react with each other, with the permanent atmospheric gases, with
sunlight, and with the hydrosphere and biosphere. Formation and
destruction of pollutants in these interactions determine their con-
centrations and lifetimes in the atmosphere. Both gaseous and par-
ticulate pollutants are involved in the interactions. Aerosols are
formed in polluted air from the reactions of gases. Past atmospheric
chemistry and physics programs have provided a base of knowledge for
the pollution control strategy which is now being put into effect.
Although there has been much progress, many important aspects of the
problem still have not been studied, and many others that have been
studied have not yielded satisfactory understanding.
Other objectives include to enhance definition of the chemical and physical
production and decay or removal of pollutants of importance in the atmosphere;
to assess, by 3/30/73> the contribution of pollutants through their atmos-
pheric reactions to the atmospheric loading of fine particulates; and to
provide information in a timely fashion to meet schedules for revision of
criteria documents.
Description
Laboratory and field studies are directed at an understanding of
the formation and decay of air pollutants on an urban scale and, to a
limited extent over the planning period, on regional and global scales.
The program will result in knowledge on which to base pollution
control strategies and specific pollution control decisions. It will
be disseminated in books, reports, journal articles, press releases,
discussions in committees, presentations at scientific meetings, public
speeches, and in other appropriate ways, as approved by EPA.
This program element involves laboratory and field studies of
atmospheric reactions related to the formation and decay of air pol-
lutants. The proposed program will be carried out in a combination of
'ays:
e By application of the techniques of experimental chemistry
and physics in the Office of Air Programs laboratory
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o By measurement of the ambient polluted atmosphere at selected
geographical locations
o By study, analysis, and computation based on existing
scientific information.
There are no external projects or tasks which are necessary to
support this program. However, some of the modeling work carried out
under the meteorological research program and some of our work are mutually
supporting. A significant number of research grants are made under this
program.
The number of field studies (supported by laboratory studies) that
can be undertaken depends on the resources available. With minimal
resources, approximately one small field study per year can be under-
taken. Results from these studies must be used to estimate the atmos-
pheric chemistry at other sites. Such estimations involve extreme
extrapolation of data with low probability of accuracy. Additional
resources would allow a greater number of field studies per year and
would therefore allow greater success in predicting atmospheric chem-
istry at other sites.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Although the program is oriented primarily to air pollution prob-
lems, some of the knowledge gained will undoubtedly have a bearing on
the control of pollution in water and on the land. These intermedia
benefits are likely to be indirect and difficult to predict precisely.
One obvious area of intermedia impact is in identifying the reactions
of the products of solid waste combustion or slow decomposition. If
the chemistry of air pollutants is more fully known, better estimates
can be made of the consequences of gasification of solid wastes.
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PROGRAM CODE: IIOJOJ: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS-AIR-RESEARCH-
ATMOSPHERIC PROCESSES AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL PHENOMENA-
METEOROLOGICAL SUPPORT
Objectives
There are a number of objectives in this program:
e To gather, evaluate, and appraise environmental quality and
meteorological-climatological information needed for abate-
ment and compliance actions
e To provide technical guidance and consultation to States and
local control officials
o To provide technical assistance for monitoring and surveys,
as well as for special in-house investigations concerning
the impact of pollutants on public health and welfare, agricul-
ture, and property
o To provide meteorologists for specialized training courses.
Description
The program carries on these activities:
e Consultation
o Data analysis and interpretation
o Staff support activities to EPA, as required
e Appropriate meteorological input to Implementation Plans
o Proper recognition of meteorological factors in abatement
and compliance investigations
e Better understanding of meteorology and its relationship
to environmental quality and ecology by personnel in the
field
o Appropriate meteorological information and liaison with
National Weather Service during air pollution episodes.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
The program provides assistance as required by other EPA programs.
NOAA provides meteorologists on assignment to EPA. The program maintains
technical liaison with meteorologists assigned to the 10 Regional Offices.
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PROGRAM CODE: 11*01: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS-AIR-RESEARCH-
MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL METHODS-INSTRUMENTATION
AND ANALYTICAL METHODS DEVELOPMENT
Objectives
Sections 103 and 101*. Of the Clean Air Act authorize instrumen-
tation and analytical methods development. Other provisions of the
Act require that instrumentation and analytical techniques be avail-
able for enforcing standards that have been or will be set. Control
of air pollution depends on the ability to determine the concentrations
of pollutants in the ambient air and at the sources of the pollutants.
The measurement of the pollutants depends on the availability of accu-
rate and consistent instrumentation and methodology.
No truly satisfactory methods or instruments are currently available
for routine monitoring of ambient air or pollution sources for most
pollutants, yet Federal, State, and local control agencies must soon
enforce a series of controls on emissions from sources and must monitor
the ambient air to achieve the National Ambient Air Quality Standards.
The potential market for instruments does not provide sufficient incen-
tive for private industry to invest the required capita] in research
and development. Therefore, the Federal Government must fund the R&D
phases of instrumentation and methodology development, with private
industry undertaking commercialization.
Because of the accelerated air pollution control program called for
in the Clean Air Amendments of 1970, particularly on new source perform-
ance standards and emission standards for hazardous pollutants, a major
expansion is needed in the instrumentation and analytical methods
development program. Of particular importance is the lack of methodology
for measuring emissions from stationary sources.
Description
This program consists of research, development, testing, and eval-
uation and covers all measurement needs of the air pollution control
program. The 37 pollutants or classes of pollutants assigned the
highest priority for control must be covered by adequate measurement
techniques.
A manual method will be developed for all of these pollutants, both
for ambient air and source emissions. Approximately one-third of the
pollutants will have continuous instrumentation developed for ambient
air monitoring; approximately one-half will have stationary source moni-
toring instrumentation developed. In addition, many diverse categories
of industries must be covered, each with its unique requirements for
emissions sampling methodology.
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Instrumentation for measuring compliance with the standards
applicable to 1975 and 1976" light duty motor vehicles (including ad-
vanced power sources) will be developed, as well as instrumentation to
measure emissions from other mobile source classes such as heavy-duty
vehicles, aircraft, off-highway vehicles, locomotives, and vessels.
For further improvement in monitoring capabilities, long-path and
remote monitoring instrumentation also will be developed.
The goal is measurement methods to cover all of the control pro-
grams, pollutant characterization studies, and air monitoring activities.
With regard to stationary sources, methods will be made available for each
polluting industry covered by new source performance standards and
hazardous emissions standards and for additional existing sources coming
under control. New monitoring capabilities, including remote capabilities
in the long term, will be made available.
With regard to mobile sources, support is needed for new enforce-
ment mechanisms (such as assembly-line testing and State inspection sys-
tems), lower emission level measurements required by new standards,
measurement requirements as additional pollutants (oxygenates, hydro-
carbons, polycyclic organic matter) come under study and control, and
control of additional mobile sources.
In addition to better coverage of the 37 pollutants by ambient air
monitoring methodology (emphasizing pollutants covered by the National
Ambient Air Quality Standards and revisions), methods with greater pre-
cision, accuracy, reliability, ease of use, and lower cost will be made
available; also, new capabilities of multipollutant measuring instru-
ments, portability, integrated path, and integrated time measurements
will be made available.
This program involves application of existing and new technology
in physics and chemistry to the peculiar measurement requirements of
the air pollution control program. It employs in-house research,
complemented by contract research in the private sector and interagency
agreements with other Federal laboratories and Federal contract labora-
tories.
Requirements are identified through interaction with the operational
users and testing existing methodology, (instrumentation requirements
are currently being documented in a long-range research plan.) Measure-
ment methods based on the best available technology will be recommended
at the time the first groups of ambient air quality standards, new source
performance standards, and hazardous substance emission standards are
promulgated. These methods will be developed in close coordination with
the Stationary Source Pollution Control Programs. As rapidly as possible
improved methods, where needed, will be developed as replacements for
tentative methods.
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At the same time, work will be progressing on instrumental methods
where these are needed. Efforts will be initiated on subsequent stand-
ards so that evaluated methods can be available when standards are
promulgated.
Finally, because of the great potential of remote optical methods
and long-path optical methods for measuring pollutants in sources or in
the ambient air, such techniques will be developed. Close coordination
will be maintained with both the Mobile Source Pollution Control Pro-
grams and the program to develop revised or new criteria documents so
that methods and instrumentation can be provided these programs on a
timely basis.
The anticipated rate of funding will not allow fully tested and
approved methods until late in FY 197^- This assumes a great increase
in funding in FY 1973 and 197^ compared to FY 1972. A program that would
also include development of ultimate methods or the establishment of
equivalency methods proposed by industry or instrument vendors would
require even greater funding. Measurement methods to identify and
characterize additional air pollutants would also require additional
funding.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Certain types of remote sensing equipment are useful in aerial
monitoring of water pollution. Methods and instrumentation for measure-
ment of emissions from incinerators may relate to solid waste control
programs. Instrumentation for measurements of air quality with respect
to pesticides may be included in this program element. Air and source
sampling methods for particulates are related to those used for radiation
monitoring.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Remote sensing instrumentation developed by NASA (Langley) and DOD
(Edgewood Arsenal) can be useful to the air pollution control program.
These activities are followed closely to avoid duplication. Liaison is
maintained with NOAA, AEG, and the National Bureau of Standards. The
research grants made outside the Government are monitored.
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PROGRAM C ODE: 1104 02 : ENVIRONMENTAL S TANDARDS -AIR -RESEARCH-
MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL METHODS-STANDARDIZATION OF
INSTRUMENTATION AND ANALYTICAL METHODS
Objectives
The objective is to provide EPA with standard manual methods,
standardized instrumental methods, and calibration standards by which
affected parties can determine compliance with existing air pollution
control regulations and standards.
Standardized measurement methods must be published along with the
various air pollution standards promulgated by EPA. The Clean Air
Amendments of 1970 call for the promulgation of National Ambient Air
Quality Standards (Section 109), standards of performance for new
stationary sources (Section 111), national emission standards for
hazardous air pollutants (Section 112), emission standards for moving
sources (Title II, Sections 202, 206, 207), and for the regulation of
fuels (Section 21l). Also, measurement methods must be specified in
the State Implementation Plans.
Description
This program standardizes the manual and instrument methods needed
to qualitatively and quantitively measure air pollutants. It also
develops and operates a quality control system involving use of cali-
bration standards to ensure appropriate and effective utilization of
these methods.
Further, it involves an international program of standardizing
air pollution measurements. Participation in this program has been
initiated but will have to be maintained at a very low level unless
additional funds are available.
This program provides a compendium of standardized measurement
methods for determining such things as compliance with standards, per-
formance of air pollution control systems, and air quality trends; it
also provides calibration standards. Most of the candidates for
standardization come from the R&D program on instrumentation and
analytical methods.
In addition, this program reviews measurement methods recommended
for the air pollution control program; where appropriate, carries out
collaborative testing; solicits comments on proposed methods from
advisory groups; revises, modifies, and improves methods; obtains final
endorsement of advisory groups; and publishes the methods.
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Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Standardized methods and instrumentation for incinerator emissions
may be useful to the solid waste program.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
This program maintains liaison with the National Bureau of Stand-
ards, the Intersociety Committee, the Standardization Advisory Committee,
and the international standardization groups.
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PROGRAM CODE: 510101: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS-PESTICIDES -
ESTABLISHMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND STANDARDS-
HUMAN EXPOSURE
Objectives
The ultimate objective of this research is to provide data neces-
sary for the intelligent assessment of the hazard to human health of
exposure to single pesticides, combinations of pesticides, and pesticides
in combination with other environmental factors. The studies will be
concerned with identification of pesticide metabolites and the effects
of the parent pesticides and their metabolites on normal biological
functions, including function of the primate nervous system. In addition,
the teratological effects of environmental pollutants will be studied, with
special emphasis on pesticides. This project will methodically test
environmental pollutants, singly and in combination, then establish dose
response data to allow an appropriate extrapolation of human risk.
The program will develop, evaluate, and improve techniques and chemical
methods for direct and indirect measurement of exposure of persons to pesti-
cides under field use conditions and correlate exposure with toxic effects.
This will be done in specific exposure situations such as in the home or
garden, at or near pesticide applications in the field, in specific
work areas of pesticide formulating plants, and in various other areas
where pesticides may contaminate man and his environment. How exposure
of man and contamination of his environment can be reduced will be deter-
mined.
Description
In a typical statistically designed experiment, animals will be
exposed for a prescribed period of time with the compound(s) under
investigation. Excreta and blood will be collected separately and
analyzed for metabolites and various endogenous materials. At the end
of the treatment period the animals will be sacrificed. Excreta and
tissue will be sampled for chemical and enzymatic analyses. In addition,
tissues will be examined for gross pathological changes.
EEG's will be recorded from anesthetized monkeys fed small, daily
doses of selected pesticides. The records will be stored on magnetic
tape and various computer-assisted, time series analyses will be per-
formed.
Operant conditioning techniques will be used to evaluate food and
water drive and learning ability. Performance level on a previously
learned task will permit assessment of memory-retention.
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Compounds will be administered to pregnant rhesus monkeys at
various doses to determine the dose response characteristics. If a
compound is found to be teratogenic, another group of animals will be
treated.
The laboratories in Perrine, Chamblee, and Wenatchee participate
in this program.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Development of the primate breeding and research capabilities
offers broad opportunity throughout EPA for cooperative studies.
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PROGRAM CODE: 510201: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS-PESTICIDES-RESEARCH-
PESTICIDE POLLUTION EFFECTS-RESIDUE TOXICOLOGY
Objectives
This program evaluates the acute and subacute toxicity of pesticides
by different routes and. various dosage levels and combinations. The
aim is to determine safe levels of exposure in laboratory animals and
thus obtain data useful in ultimately establishing possible safe levels
of exposure for man.
The toxicity of at least six pesticides will be studied per year
in laboratory animals (principally rats). This will include deter-
mination of 1-dose LD^o values for pesticides by the oral and dermal
routes and 90-dose oral LDjo values, as well as determination of the
effect of these compounds upon reproduction when fed as a component of
the diet or when given to female rats by injection.
Further, the program will:
o Determine the chemical changes and the factors responsible
when workers come in direct contact with pesticides or with
residues on foliage or other surfaces in the environment
o Determine hazards of pesticide spillage during transportation
and storage
c Evaluate techniques and methods for determining hazard and
for decontaminating surfaces.
Description
These studies will be concerned with the major pesticide chemicals
and related compounds in current use or expected to be used in the near
future. They will include study of the effect on mortality, growth rate,
clinical signs of poisoning, hematology, gross and microscopic pathology
of organs, and cholinesterase activity in blood and other tissues of
animals treated with carbamates or organic phosphorous pesticides. In
the reproduction studies, attention will be given to the effect of
pesticides on fertility, gestation, viability, lactation indices, and
development of abnormalities in the offspring.
This program is carried out at Perrine, Chamblee, and the National
Center for Toxicological Research in Pine Bluff, Ark. This Center is
operated by FDA; funding is shared with EPA.
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PROGRAM CODE: 510301: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS-PESTICIDES-RESEARCH-
MOVEMENT, FATE, PERSISTENCY, AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL PHENOMENA-
PESTICIDE EXPOSURE HEALTH EFFECTS
Objectives
General objectives are to:
e Determine in 14 study areas the levels of selected pesticides
in human tissues, and in environmental media such as food,
water, air, and soil
o Study the effects of pesticides upon the health status of a
group of subjects selected for the known frequent contact
with these chemicals
o Determine the types of pesticides to which the human popula-
tion within the 14 study areas are exposed and the ecologic
factors that may effect their health status
o Undertake such special studies as may be necessary to provide
specific information on individual chemicals or attendant
problems.
Description
Approximately 1,500 people in occupational contact with these chem-
icals are under intense surveillance to determine any illnesses or bio-
chemical changes. Their health status is compared to a similar group
with relatively minor exposure. This surveillance comprises an annual
physical examination, determination of pesticide residues, and a bat-
tery of 22 biochemical tests to determine the functioning of the vital
organs. The Ik areas were selected because of heavy pesticide usage and
demographic and climatic characteristics.
Human tissues obtained by autopsy and biopsy from the general popu-
lation will be analyzed for pesticide residues. In addition, blood and
urine specimens will be analyzed for pesticide residues. Environmental
samples, including ambient air, household dust, foods, water, clothing
and other media, will be analyzed. As necessary, acute poisoning cases
will be investigated by standard epidemiologic procedures.
This study is carried out at Perrine.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Close interaction is maintained with the regulatory activities of
EPA.
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PROGRAM CODE: 510^02; ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS -PESTICIDES -RESEARCH-
MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL METHODS -PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
Objectives
The objective is to develop multiresidue methods for determining
the extent of human and animal exposure to persistent and biodegradable
pesticides and to develop, evaluate, and apply various instrumental
techniques to a program of basic and applied pesticide chemical research.
Further, the program will:
o Elucidate the mechanism of action of pesticides and their
metabolic products
c Develop a methodology and capability for isolation, detection,
identification, confirmation, and quantitation of pesticide
residues, metabolites, and other chemical contaminants.
Description
Activity in trace elemental analysis will be increased during
FY 1972 to permit full time method development employing gas chromato-
graphic and atomic absorption techniques. These methods will be made
available primarily to community study contract projects and monitoring
activities .
Proton and p- magnetic resonance studies of the interaction of
pesticides with biological substrates will continue.
Development of a multiresidue method for determining the extent of
human and animal exposure to biodegradable pesticides will be continued
in FY 1972. Field testing of a new system for determining pesticide
levels in air will be completed during the year.
During FY 1973> additional instrumental services may be provided,
including field ion spectra and positive and negative ion chemical
ionization spectra.
During FY 197^-1977* an electron spin resonance spectrometer will
be acquired, permitting initiation of mechanistic studies of the photo-
chemical behavior of pesticides and their environmental transformation
products. Research in areas employing magnetic resonance techniques
will continue to be applied to studies of the biochemical interaction of
pesticides with biological systems.
This program is carried out in Perrine.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
This activity requires close coordination with research, monitoring,
and enforcement activities of EPA.
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PROGRAM CODE: 610201: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS-RADIATION-RESEARCH-
RADIATION EFFECTS-HUMAN STUDIES
Objectives
The objective of these epidemiologic studies is to quantify the risk
to man of developing various diseases following exposure to radiation
and to develop a program to protect him.
Description
The specific risks to be evaluated in the stated populations are:
o Development of neoplasms of all organ sites in the Japanese
atomic bomb survivors, patients treated with ^Ij for hyper-
thyroidism, and patients treated for malignant neoplasms with
external radiation
o Development of thyroid neoplasms in young adults who received
diagnostic doses of ^Ij as children and in the young adults
of Utah who were exposed to fallout from the Nevada test site
o Development of lung malignancies in patients who have body
burdens of thorium dioxide and are continuously exhaling thoron.
Established epidemiological methods of collecting, such as question-
naires, record searching, and abstracting of pertinent data, will be used
to obtain original and follow-up data.
These studies are carried out in Rockville.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Planning for these studies has been coordinated with National
Academy of Sciences, AEG, DHEW, and the Governor of Utah's Nuclear Energy
Commission.
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PROGRAM CODE: 610202: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS -RADIATION-RESEARCH-
RADIATION EFFECTS -EXPERIMENTAL RADIONUCLIDE STUDIES
Objectives
The objectives of this program are to determine some of the environ-
mental characteristics and biological effects of a wide spectrum of
important radionuclides such as tritium, krypton, plutonium, strontium,
and transuranic elements that are actual or potential environmental
contaminants.
It is essential to have a productive, mission-oriented radionuclide
research program of broad scope in order to assist EPA in setting Environ-
mental Radiation Standards. Basic scientific information is needed to
indicate types of effects to be expected from various levels of radio
nuclides in the environment.
Description
Attempts to attain these objectives will be pursued primarily through
definition of the dose-effect relationships of low-levels of environmental
radionuclides in a variety of animal species, with long-term observation
of exposed animals for radiation-induced teratogenesis, carcinogenesis,
and-mutagenesis.
The results of this program will be a series of reports on the
biological and physicochemical effects of specific environmental radio-
nuclides on various stages of the ecosystem.
These studies are carried out in Rockville and Montgomery.
Relationship to EPA Programs
The efforts of this program would require coordination with, and
provide information of value to, the Office of Air Programs for krypton,
tritium, plutonium, and the transuranic elements and with the Office of
Water Programs for tritium, strontium, plutonium, and the transuranic
elements. Additional intraoffice interfacing is with the Divisions of
Surveillance and Inspection, Technology Assessment, and Criteria and
Standards.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Extramural relationships of this program should involve: AEG -
Division of Biology and Medicine and Division of Operational Safety, NASA,
National Institutes of Health, and State fish and game agencies.
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PROGRAM CODE: 610203: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS-RADIATION-RESEARCH-
RADIATION EFFECTS-EXPERIMENTAL ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION STUDIES
Objectives
The principal objectives of this program are to define the
biological effects of exposure to electromagnetic radiation and provide
the scientific bases for formulating, evaluating, and supporting the
population exposure standards. The detailed objectives are to:
o Determine if there are genetic effects from exposure to non-
ionizing radiation
e Determine and describe the effects of radiation on the central
nervous system and glands controlling physiological integration
c Determine the interactions between electromagnetic fields and
molecular systems that could lead to genetic and central ner-
vous system effects
o Define the physical and biological parameters that determine
energy absorption, and hence biological hazard, in the near
and far field of electromagnetic radiators
e Examine whether data from high dose radiation studies, ionizing
and nonionizing, can be used to predict moderate or low dose
effects
e Determine if there are cumulative effects and if there is an
irreversible component to nonionizing radiation effects
o Determine whether certain subpopulations (developing fetus,
aged, genetic variants) are more radiation sensitive than the
normal adult.
Description
The laboratory effort in FY 1972 and 1973 will be to identify the
interactions between electromagnetic fields and molecular systems that
lead to genetic and neurophysiological effects and to investigate directly
the existence of genetic and behavioral effects. Molecular level effects
will be explored, initially at 2.^5 GHz in solutions of proteins, bovine
serum albumin and ribonuclease, and nucleic acids, both during and after
irradiation. Transient and persistent changes in conformation and in
biological activity will be measured using the techniques of absorption
spectroscopy, optical rotation, chromatography, gel filtration, and
electrophoresis.
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Genetic effects (for example, mutations, chromosome aberrations,
and changes in the biological activity of DNA) resulting from irra-
diation with both continuous and pulsed 2.5^- GHz microwaves will be
examined with standard techniques in bacterial and mammalian systems,
initially E. coli and Chinese hamsters. Behavioral and neurophysio-
logical effects will be examined in small primates, dogs, and rodents
at O.h and 2.^5 GHz; dependent variables will include EEG changes and
changes in performance, learning, memory, and other behavioral and
physiological indices. Contracts will be used to establish an infor-
mation clearing house to identify current work in progress and problem
areas, to extend the frequency capability of the laboratory to 5-5
and 10 GHz in a study of low level irradiation on physiological proc-
esses, and to provide for theoretical investigations and calculations
of initial energy deposition. Grants will be used to fund basic and
applied studies which complement and supplement intramural research
activities.
This work is being carried out at Rockville and Montgomery.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Coordination with other interested agencies is being developed,
particularly with DHEW and various laboratories of DOD such as the
School of Aerospace Medicine, Brooks AFB, Tex.; Walter Reed Institute
of Research, Washington, B.C., and Naval Aerospace Medical Center,
Pensacola, Pla.
A-I-30
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PROGRAM CODE: 61020^: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS-RADIATION-RESEARCH-
RADIATION EFFECTS-MULTIPLE ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS STUDIES
Objectives
The objective of multiple environmental stress studies is to
investigate possible synergistic or additive effects of environmental
agents on the effects of radiation. These environmental agents,
including viruses, metals such as methyl mercury and cadmium, chem-
icals such as DDT and NTA, and various physical agents, were chosen
according to their occurrences in man and his environment and the
likelihood of their interacting with radiation effects.
Description
Within the multiple environmental stress studies program, projects
have been developed to investigate:
o The role of viruses in radiation-caused tumors using tissue
culture techniques with mammalian (when appropriate, human)
cells and simian or human viruses. Screening for tumor
viruses in cats is done with the electron microscope
e Effects of environmental agents, such as methyl mercury,
cadmium, lead, DDT, NTA, and elevated temperature on
radiation responses of hamsters and rats, including tumor-
igenesis, teratogenesis, genetic changes, life shortening,
and other physiological changes. An aquatic animal
(salamander) will be used in similar preliminary studies
e Effect of these environmental agents on the metabolism of
selected radionuclides--tritium, for example.
These studies are carried out in Rockville.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs;
This activity requires close coordination with other research
activities of EPA.
A-I-51
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PROGRAM CODE: 610301: ENVIROIMENTAL STANDARDS-RADIATION-RESEARCH-
Em/IROKMENTAL INTERACTIONS-RADIATION PATHWAY STUDIES
Objectives
This program will investigate, through field and laboratory re-
search, the behavior, movement, and fate of radionuclides in the aquatic,
terrestrial, and air environments for the purpose of assessing the
radiation dose to man.
Description
Laboratory studies will investigate pathways by which radionuclides
such as ^"PU, 55pe^ 129i, -^Zn, and tritium move through the environ-
ment to man. These investigations will deal primarily with metabolic
studies concerned with uptake of select radionuclides by specific en-
vironmental media, particularly living organisms. Field studies will
also be conducted at selected sites such as at environmental nuclear
power stations operating at full power. Boiling water reactors and
pressurized water reactors will be of primary concern for investigating
the types, amounts, and environmental movement of radioactive material
discharges.
• This research will be done in Rockville.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Since the program on radiation pathway studies deals primarily
with behavior of radioactive materials in the aquatic, terrestrial, and
air environments, coordination with the Office of Air and Water Pro-
grams will be required where radiation exposure to man is of concern.
Coordination will be needed not only among the various programs
within the Division of Research, such as between the laboratory and
field aspects of radiation ecology, but also between the Division of
Research and other Divisions within the Office of Radiation Programs.
Coordination with the Division of Criteria and Standards will assist in
identifying problem areas in which research is required and will also
permit appropriate research data to be used in defining standards. The
Division of Technology Assessment may likewise require research assistance
in its assessment of specific reactor operations, such as field meas-
urements on the performance of control equipment used in a reactor
facility. Research developments useful in monitoring the environment
more efficiently may be effectively used by the Division of Surveillance
and Inspection.
A-I-32
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Interaction with Other Laboratories
Coordination may also be required with State agencies concerned
with environmental radiation matters, as well as with Federal and private
organizations. Currently, coordination has been identified with the
following:
e DHEW (PHS hospitals), for samples of human tissue to be used
in determining isotope effect of tritium
c USDA (Forest Service) and Department of the Interior (Bureau
of Land Management), for guidance in conducting soil plant
uptake studies to assess concentration of radionuclides in
plants
o AEG, for assistance and coordination of field studies con-
ducted at AEC nuclear power installations and other related
facilities such as fuel reprocessing plants
o State and Federal fish and game agencies, for any coordination
required in conducting uptake studies involving aquatic and
terrestrial wildlife
e Baylor College of Medicine, for follow-up studies on excretion
of tritium by patients who received tritiated compounds in
support laboratory studies on the behavior of tritium in
humans.
A-I-33
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PROGRAM CODE: 61C401: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS-RADIATION-RESEARCH-
MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL METHODS-RADIOCHEMICAL METHODS
AND MEASUREMENTS
Objectives
The program objectives include assessment of available methods,
and development of new ones, for radionuclide determination from all
possible types of samples. The radionuclides under investigation will
include those expected from reactor effluents and other possible sources
of pollutants.
Description
The program will be conducted as three separate phases: methodology
for actinide analysis, improvement of tritium measuring methods, and
evaluation of methodology for other radionuclides. Actinide methodology
development will include liquid ion-exchange separation and alpha
spectrometric analysis. Tritium measurement sensitivity will be
improved by electrolytic enrichment of tritium in low-level samples.
Radiochemical methods for other radionuclides where available will
be tested and modified if necessary. New procedures will be tried in
order to improve accuracy, yield, and sensitivity where considered
necessary.
Work is being performed at Montgomery.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
This project is conducted in concert with WERL and the Nuclear
Engineering Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio.
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PROGRAM CODE: 610^02; ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS -RADIATION -RESEARCH-
MONITORING AM) ANALYTICAL METHODS-ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
METHODS AND MEASUREMENTS
Objectives
Priority objectives of this program are to:
o Develop laboratory exposure-calibration facilities for the
electromagnetic spectrum bands of 1-10 MHz, 100-^00 MHz,
and 1-10 GHz, as well as a field measurement system for
these same frequencies
o Determine theoretical estimates of population exposure from
electromagnetic radiation sources based on available data
e Develop and evaluate the use of liquid crystals, micro-
thermocouples, and infrared emission sensors as a means
of determining absorbed dose from electromagnetic field
exposures in phantoms, that is, the eye and the skull
o Provide nuclear instrumentation such as the development and
evaluation of the suitability of thermoluminescent dosimetry
for environmental radiation surveillance
e Determine theoretical solution of plane wave interaction
with a finite slab geometry for various complex permittivities
and thermal properties
c Begin development of an electric field probe for direct
measurement of field strength in the phantom system
c Provide electronics system support for the other program
elements.
Description
Engineering-physics techniques will be applied in the area of
electromagnetic radiation measurement. The range of project activity
will encompass areas of applied dosimetry, theory, calibration, and
facility support. Specifically, methods will be developed and evaluated
from fundamental bases, keeping in mind the theoretical limitations and
the engineering approximations involved. Estimates of uncertainty will
be established.
This research will be carried out at Rockville and Montgomery.
A-I-35
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Interaction with Other Laboratories
Liaison is maintained with DHEW on exposure measures. Estimates
of population exposure will be coordinated with the Human Studies
Branch, Division of Technical Assessment in Montgomery, and the Radio-
logical Engineering Laboratory of the Division of Research.
A-I-J6
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SUMMARY OF RESOURCES
The following table summarizes the projected resources (man-years
and dollars) for programs at the RTP National Environmental Research
Center. This is the base program; pending legislation, such as the
Water Pollution Control and Abatement Act now before Congress, should
have little immediate effect on the programs at Research Triangle Park,
and thus only one summary table is presented.
A-I-57
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TABLE A-l
LABORATORY RESOURCES - OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND MONITORING
NERC, RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, N.C.
Program Code - Facility
110101 -
110102 -
110103 -
110104 -
110201 -
110203 -
110202 -
110301 -
110302 -
110303 -
110401 -
110402 -
510101
510201
510201 -
510301 -
510402 -
610201 -
610202 -
610202 -
610203 -
610203 -
610204 -
610301 -
RTF
RTF
RTF
RTF
RTF
RTF
RTF
RTF
RTF
RTF
RTF
RTF
Perrine, Fla.
Chamblee, Ga.
Wenatchee, Wash.
Perrine, Fla.l
Chamblee, Ga.i
Pine Bluff, Ark.
Perrine, Fla.
Perrine, Fla.
Rockville, Md.
Rockville, Md.
Montgomery, Ala.
Rockville, Md.
Montgomery, Ala.
Rockville, Md.
Rockville, Md.
FY72
$1000
923
1113
0
56.5
1852
3421
1003
3292
3206
535
5399.5
1394
1082
959.6
4000
142.6
180.7
360
598
856
328.9
328.9
134.3
177.6
M/Y
13
13
0
1
41
73
26
12
20
1
61
11
43
13
0
8
9
13
18
3
11
11
5
8
FY73
$1000
898
907
4230
78.5
19,000
7,300
1395.8
2780
2694.9
533.4
4084
1211.3
5850
1000
4000
4200
180.7
1860
606.4
91.7
2708.3
243.3
172
M/Y
13
8
1
2
54
95
26
11
20
1
51
11
48
14
0
13
9
18
19
3
27
11
8
FY74
$1000
1449
1453
6520
86
19,950
7,665
2698
3390
3047
560
6054
2331
6143
1050
4000
4410
394
1953
636.9
93.5
2846.5
191.9
189
M/Y
21
16
10
2
67
117
38
18
33
2
76
17
53
15
0
18
15
23
20
4
34
7
8
FY75
$1000
2000
2000
2500
95
20,948
8,048
4000
4000
3400
588
8000
3425
6450
1103
4000
4631
608
2051
668.4
96.6
2990.4
200.5
208
M/Y
28
23
18
2
80
139
50
25
47
2
100
22
58
16
0
23
21
28
21
5
41
8
9
FY76
$1000
2300
2000
2500
104
22,000
8,446
4JDOO
4000
3900
617
8000
3575
6772
1158
4000
4862
682
2153
701.8
101.4
3139.6
210.5
229
M/Y
32
23
18
2
93
161
50
25
49
2
100
23
63
17
0
28
21
33
22
6
48
9
9
FY77
$1000
2600
2000
2500
115
23,095
8,873
4000
4000
4500
648
8000
3725
7111
1216
4000
5105
686
2261
737.1
106.0
3397
221.1
252
M/Y
36
23
18
2
105
183
50
25
50
2
100
24
69
20
0
34
21
38
23
7
55
10
10
H
V>l
00
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TABLE A-l (continued)
Program Code - Facility
610401 - Montgomery, Ala.
610402 - Rockville, Md.
972302 - RTF
9723Jl-Perrine, Fla.
972361 - Montgomery, Ala.
£ Noise - RTF
? Solid Wastes - RTF
Toxic Substances - RTF
FY72
$1000
160.8
302.4
300.
342
390
— —
M/Y
9
10
14
14
26
FY73
$1000
249.9
301.5
375
359
410
4000
3500
10,000
M/Y
14
10
15
14
26
9
9
28
FY74
$1000
275
326
510
377
430
4200
3675
10,500
M/Y
15
11
17
14
26
18
18
56
FY75
$1000
302
352
570
396
451
4410
3859
11,025
M/Y
15
12
19
14
26
27
27
84
FY76
$1000
333
370
630
416
474
4631
4052
11,576
M/Y
16
12
21
14
26
36
36
112
FY77
$1000
366
388
690
436
498
4862
4254
12,155
M/Y
17
13
23
14
26
48
48
144
H
VO
a RTF = Research Triangle Park, N.C.
" Program Element to be assigned.
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SECTION II: NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER
CINCINNATI, OHIO
The National Environmental Research Center (NERC), Cincinnati, Ohio,
conducts research and seeks solutions to a broad spectrum of environmental
problems of air pollution, water pollution, solid waste management, radi-
ation and nuclear engineering, and environmental toxicology. The
major theme of the Center is development of pollution control processes
and total systems. It conducts its programs through in-house research,
extramural programs, and interagency efforts.
The program is executed by the Office of the Director and five
line divisions:
o Environmental Toxicology Research Division, which conducts
research on health effects of air pollution
c Robert A. Taft Water Research Division, which develops
water pollution control processes for municipalities, for
industrial problems such as mine drainage, and develops
analytical methods for water quality data
o Edison, N.J., Water Quality Research Division, which develops
solutions to water pollution problems such as oil and
hazardous spills, industrial waste, combined sewer waste,
and watercraft waste
c Solid Waste Research Division, which conducts research on
the multi-faceted problems of solid waste management. Research
ranges from collection through processing to final disposal;
emphasis is on resource recovery systems
c Radiochemistry and Nuclear Engineering Division, which serves
as a focal point for research concerning aspects of nuclear
power facilities in commercial operation.
Figure A-l shows the interim organization of NERC-Cincinnati.
A-II-1
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EWIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY RESEARCH DIVISION
The function of this division is to detect and define harmful effects
of environmental pollutants in biological systems; namely in animals and
microorganisms in order to provide expert intelligence and data necessary
for criteria which serve for establishment of new standards or modification
of existing standards. The development of meaningful health and welfare
effect parameters requires the integration of input from various scientific
approaches involving a number of disciplines. The primary responsibilities
of the toxicology program are to assess the potential health hazard of
substances entering the ecosystem, to develop accurate methods of pre-
dicting the potential toxicity of these substances for man and animals,
and to elucidate mechanisms for extrapolation of experimental animal
data to human health and welfare effects. In addition to the toxicologic
studies related directly to human health effects, investigations of
effects of pollution in energy-producing animals are conducted by studies
of transport of pollutants resulting in contamination of terrestrial and
aquatic food chains. The laboratory accomplishes its mission through
in-house activities in close cooperation with the water, solid waste, and
radiation surveillance programs at NERC, Cincinnati; through contracts
with public and private organizations, research grants, international
programs, and interagency agreements.
A-II-2
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PROGRAM CODE: 110203: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - AIR - RESEARCH -
AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS - BIO-MEDICAL SUPPORT
Objective
The toxicology program is conducted to:
e Identify the acute and subacute effects on critical organ
systems qualitatively and quantitatively
e Examine pollutants of such character or concentrations which
are unsuitable for human studies due to ethical and medico-
legal limitations
o Provide in vitro and in vivo manipulative approaches to develop
techniques for subsequent application to clinical and epidemio-
logical investigations
o Study carefully selected chronic exposure conditions for identi-
fying potential carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic effects.
Description
The research program is structured on a basis of fully integrated
professional disciplines and competency; functionally, research investi-
gations are planned and undertaken on the basis of pollutant sources,
specificity, chemical and biologic utilization, and host response. The
inhalation route of exposure is of primary interest; however, comparison
of toxicologic effects following the ingestion of polluted water and diet
are also under way. Functionally, the total program consists of 21 indi-
vidual studies (tasks) which were combined into five well defined projects:
c Toxicological Assessment of Mobile Emissions (TAME). This
project has been designed to provide data on potentially toxic
effects of marketed automobile fuels, fuel additives, and
diesel fuels, as well as on emissions from other mobile sources.
The goals are to determine compliance with standards applicable
to 1975 and 1976, and to provide data for the fuel and fuel
additives registration program
o Toxicological Assessment of Stationary Sources (TASS). This
project investigates pollutants from stationary sources, such
as cadmium, mercury, and other heavy metals. Of particular
interest are substances in the environment which are under con-
sideration for standard setting
A-II-3
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o Toxicological Evaluation of Potentially Hazardous Substances.
Of particular interest are the classes of pollutants which have
been determined to have the highest priority for control. As
a part of this program, a standardized toxicologic protocol is
being developed
e Toxicological Evaluation of Environmental Interactions. A wide
variety of factors—such as age, sex, physiological state,
infectious and chronic diseases, humidity, and temperature--
interact with environmental pollutants in a synergistic or
antagonistic manner to produce biological effects. There is a
need to investigate the multiple causes of biological effects
in the various arrays found in the environment
o Support Services for Environmental Technology. The necessary
support capabilities include: bioengineering and exposure
system engineering, laboratory animal care and management,
aerometry and analytical chemistry, and data processing and
biostatistics. These service functions provide vital support
to the on-going program.
The biological effects investigations emphasize development of an
animal model system for optimal determination of the effects of environ-
mental pollutants on reproductive efficiency, teratogenicity, mutagenicity,
carcinogenicity, and aging. Distribution of the toxic material through-
out the tissues, biotransformation of the material, and metabolic and
excretion routes are determined when appropriate. A standardized animal
model, particularly the three-generation rodent system, serves as the
primary method for routine toxicologic screening of potentially toxic
substances; it provides necessary data for the primary and secondary
standard setting process. The program proposes to pool the professional
resources necessary to conduct standard toxicology screening protocols
at three levels of biological complexity and relevance:
e Cellular and subcellular level for rapid production and evalu-
ation of toxicity, as well as detailed exploration of mechanisms
of action
e Intact animal level for studies relating to specific organ
toxicity
e Toxicologic evaluation in several animal species, which provides
data relevant to health effects in normal and susceptible popula-
tions. The data obtained in this manner will also be applicable t<
evaluation of economic effects due to production losses in energy-
producing animals and to ecological effects due to transport of
hazardous substances from species to species.
-------
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Major cooperation and interaction are exercised with the following:
o The other four divisions of NERC, Cincinnati, to provide the
necessary toxicological support
o All other EPA in-house or contract laboratories conducting
technological research, such as Perrine Primate Laboratory
and the National Toxicological Center in Pine Bluff, Ark.
o Research Programs in the other NERC's and the Office of
Categorical Programs to coordinate all pollution effect studies.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
It is necessary to maintain close liaison, particularly with FDA,
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, AEC, DOD, and
USDA, as well as various environmental health and welfare programs in
universities and private industry. These activities must be closely
followed and continuous scientific contact maintained to avoid dupli-
cation of research and to promote combined effort in controlling all
toxic substances in the environment.
A-II-5
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ROBERT A. TAFT WATER RESEARCH DIVISION
The Robert A. Taft Water Research Division is composed of the Office
of the Director, and three line organizations (the Advanced Waste Treat-
ment Research Laboratory, Analytical Quality Control Laboratory, and Mine
Drainage Pollution Control Branch).
The Division, in concert with the Director, NERC, and Headquarters'
staff, plans, develops, and organizes an integrated approach to accom-
plish national goals. The Division:
o Supervises development of specific plans and schedules
e Provides policy and guidance on budget development
o Exercises control of funds made available to the Division
o Provides advice to Director, NERC, on program progress
e Serves as liaison with other NERC and Headquarters programs.
A-II-6
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Advanced Waste Treatment Research Laboratory
The Advanced Waste Treatment Research Laboratory conducts a national
research, development, and demonstration program directed toward upgrad-
ing waste-water treatment technology required by municipalities and others
for removal of the maximum possible amounts of physical, chemical, and
biological pollutants. New and improved treatment methods are required
for the purpose of restoring and maintaining the Nation's waters at a
quality suitable for repeated reuse. Intramural research and development
is carried out in the laboratory, at field sites, and pilot plant facili-
ties to develop and verify new and improved treatment processes and means
for nonpollutional disposal of waste concentrates separated during treat-
ment. The laboratory also implements extramural projects utilizing
contracts, grants, and interagency agreements in order to develop and
demonstrate new or improved treatment processes, sludge handling, condi-
tioning, and disposal. Data and information required to define the
problems and research needs in wastewater treatment are developed and
compiled by the laboratory, and techniques and instruments utilized to
control, program, and stabilize treatment operations are tested. A sub-
stantial amount of technical assistance is provided to other elements of
EPA, other Federal agencies, States, municipalities, industries, and
consultants.
This program has furnished consultation to the British, German,
and'French governments in connection with an advanced waste treatment
project sponsored under the NATO Committee on Challenges to Modern
Society. Consultation on wastewater treatment has been provided to
the government of Romania. A joint meeting of U.S. and Japanese
officials on wastewater treatment headed by staff from this program
was held in Japan. Fjcpert committee service and report writing on
wastewater reuse was provided to the World Health Organization.
A-II-7
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PROGRAM CODE: 320101: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - MUNICIPAL
SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION - RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT
AND DEMONSTRATION - SEWERED WASTES
Objectives
The objective is to provide needed technology to meet current and
projected stringent water quality standards by providing the most effective
and economical treatment and control methods for sewered and nonsewered
wastes. This will maximize the benefits of the Nation's huge current and
planned investment in sewered collection systems and treatment facilities.
Description
The Laboratory accomplishes these objectives through its applied
research on various pollutants and treatment or control processes and
techniques, operation of pilot plant treatment systems and full scale
demonstration projects, providing laboratory and other technical services
(consultation and technology-transfer to organizations external to the
Division), developing state-of-the-art documents, design criteria, and
capital and operating cost estimates, and implementing program plans
through grants and contracts.
Some new or improved treatment process alternatives are developed
through the more fundamental research and development activities of Pro-
gram 328100. Those which are applicable to municipal waste problems are
further developed and demonstrated to meet existing water quality stand-
ards. Process design modifications to reduce capital and operating cost,
to improve performance and reliability, or to permit adaptation to exist-
ing municipal pollution control facilities are evaluated. One example is
the use of pure oxygen to upgrade existing overloaded secondary treatment
plants with a minimum capital expenditure. Another is nitrification-
denitrification and mineral addition to existing secondary facilities to
permit high efficiency removal of nutrients.
In addition, alternative treatment systems or combinations of proc-
esses to meet specific discharge requirements (such as the stringent
standards on the Potomac River) are evaluated to find the least cost
solution. An example is the use of physical-chemical treatment in lieu
of biological treatment. To date, some 1? cities are in various stages of
building physical-chemical systems which offer the advantages of reduced
capital costs and land requirements.
Field evaluations of process systems are also conducted to demon-
strate applicability under varying climates, conditions, and raw waste-
water characteristics. For example, ammonia stripping, an inexpensive
method of nitrogen removal, cannot be used in areas where the air temper-
ature approaches the freezing temperature of water. Preliminary data
point up the potential problem of settling the sludge produced with pure
A-II-8
-------
oxygen aeration, an otherwise very economical unit process. More evalu-
ation on the problem is needed this winter.
Also, methods of providing in-sewer treatment to prevent sulfide
production and subsequent sewer corrosion are "being evaluated. Sulfide
corrosion of concrete sewers can reduce the useful life of collection
systems from 50 years to 5 years, thereby significantly increasing the
replacement frequency and cost.
Treatment system evaluations are conducted at pilot plant facilities
such as Blue Plains, Washington, B.C., Pomona, Calif., and Lebanon, Ohio,
and through the demonstration grant program.
Activities will diminish in this area in future years as the major
investment in municipal treatment facilities is completed. Expanding
activity will be required in the area of combined sewers and urban run-
off and nonsewered wastes.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
The major interaction of this program has been with the Office of
Water Programs, construction grants, and technology transfer. Consider-
ation of solid waste and air pollution problems associated with waste-
water treatment is routine in this program. As EPA develops, the solid
waste, air, and water hygiene programs will be expanded and more clearly
defined. The municipal technology program is intended to serve as a
basis for, or be a part of, demonstrations of model environmental improve-
ment activities in selected metropolitan areas, or on a regional or river
basin basis.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Technical information crosses all laboratory, professional, and geo-
graphical boundaries. Worldwide communications are maintained with other
laboratories working in fields of mutual interest through technical publi-
cations, staff exchanges of experiences, and organized meetings.
A-II-9
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PROGRAM CODE: 328100: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - MULTIPLE SOURCES
OF WATER POLLUTION - RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION
ADVANCED WASTE TREATMENT AND WATER RENOVATION
Objectives
The objectives are to provide the basic technology to achieve any
desired degree of treatment of point sources of pollution and to develop
and demonstrate, in an effective and economical manner, process tech-
nology capable of treating municipal, industrial, and agricultural waste
waters to meet any standards for discharge or reuse.
To achieve higher water quality and reuse applications, new or
improved methods must be made available in:
o Dissolved nutrient removal
o Refractory organics removal
o Suspended and colloidal solids removal
o Dissolved inorganics removal
e Dissolved biodegradable organics removal
e Microorganism removal
o Water reuse process systems
o Sludge treatment and disposal methods
o Process optimization techniques
o Process instrumentation and automation technology.
Description
The program comprises basic process research, development, and demon-
stration activities and covers all needs for treatment, control, and reuse
of wastewaters. Both in-house efforts and extramural grants and contracts
are used to achieve program objectives. Much of the overall effort is
directed toward development of completely new advanced waste treatment
processes for removing those pollutants required to meet water quality
standards and reuse requirements independent of sources.
The techniques of nitrification-denitrification and chemical precipi-
tation, developed to remove nitrogen and phosphorus from municipal waste-
waters, are now being applied to remove these nutrients from poultry
wastes.
A-II-10
-------
Research and development is also conducted on methods to improve or
upgrade existing treatment processes. Process optimization studies and
process instrumentation development to reduce costs and improve perform-
ance are an important function of the program. For example, application
of a phosphorus sensor to control chemical dosing can reduce chemical
costs by $UO,000 per year in a 10 million-gallon-per-day facility. Since
some of the technology is not available and the existing technology is
far from optimum, intensive efforts are concentrated on developing methods
which are cost effective.
Where appropriate, pilot plants and field sites are used to maintain
in-house capability for research and development on new treatment proc-
esses. Other EPA elements may call on these pilot facilities or may
assign program task forces to conduct work in special problem areas.
These facilities may also be used for researching industrial waste prob-
lems and as training facilities for operators of advanced waste treatment
plants. Present pilot plants sites include Cincinnati and Lebanon, Ohio,
Blue Plains, Washington, D.C., Pomona, Calif., and Piscataway, Md. The
Cincinnati and Blue Plains pilot plants evaluate a variety of physical-
chemical treatment and biological systems. Process optimization experi-
ments and demonstrations are now being and will be expanded in subsequent
work.
It is anticipated that the program emphasis will shift to water
quality and reuse applications as problems in treatment technology are
solved. Also, the same personnel will be phased into industrial treat-
ment problem areas on an industry by industry basis. This action will
preserve the technical core of personnel in advanced water treatment and
provide continuing solutions to industrial problems without the require-
ment for new in-house lab facilities.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Major interaction of this program is with solid waste research and
water quality research. Economical operation may be achieved by the
combined handling and treatment of solid wastes (concentrated pollutants)
resulting from wastewater treatment facilities and by such solid wastes
as trash and rubbish. Waste treatment processes are intimately connected
to research being conducted on water quality requirements. "Treatability,"
as a part of determining environmental safety required under the pending
Toxic Substances Act, can be conducted efficiently at these facilities.
Work on nitrilotriacetate, heavy metals, and linear alkylate sulfonate
treatability has been conducted in cooperation with water quality research
programs.
Continuous liaison with other NERC's, particularly Corvallis, is
required to ensure that developments in municipal wastewater treatment
area can be translated and evaluated for use in other pertinent areas.
For example, new treatment techniques must be evaluated for possible
application in cold climates.
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Interaction with Other Laboratories
Liaison with other organizations includes the AEG, Department of
Housing and Urban Development, TVA, Public Health Service, Department of
the Interior, Department of Transportation, Federal Power Commission,
National Science Foundation, and Department of Commerce.
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Analytical Quality Control Laboratory
The Analytical Quality Control Laboratory conducts a program to
assure the validity of physical, chemical, microbiological, and biologi-
cal water quality data collected by EPA. The lab conducts analytical
methods research, provides leadership in the selection of laboratory and
field procedures, develops and evaluates automatic water quality monitor-
ing instrumentation, conducts a reference sample program for methods and
performance evaluation, and advises other laboratories in the development
of internal quality control programs.
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PROGRAM CODE: 310^00: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - WATER -
RESEARCH - MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL METHODS
(SPECIFICALLY 310^01 AND 310^02)
Objectives
The objectives are to:
o Develop laboratory and field methods for detection, identifica-
tion, and measurement of water pollutants, including methods
for determination of effects of these substances on water
quality
e Develop improved methods for identifying, concentrating, recov-
ering, and controlling viruses, rickettsia, and other organisms
in a water environment
o Conduct a program leading to the standardization of methodology
within EPA and cooperating agencies
e Develop systems for ensuring the reliability of all analytical
data generated by or for EPA
c Prepare, publish, and distribute manuals, guidelines, and other
documents to accomplish these objectives.
Description
The Laboratory's method and performance evaluation section conducts
all intralaboratory method studies to evaluate selected analytical pro-
cedures and for operating a reference sample program for EPA, State, and
industry laboratories.
The microbiological methods section concentrates on development and
improvement of methodology for microbiological analyses and conducts a
continuing search for new and improved pollution indicators and tech-
niques for the detection and enumeration of currently used indicator
organisms and pathogens. Further development of this technique in
other product areas will also be investigated.
The physical and chemical methods section selects and develops ana-
lytical procedures for characterization and evaluation of samples of
surface waters, sewages, industrial wastes, and brines. Methods are
developed in the areas of general analyses, trace metals, oil identifi-
cation, pesticide identification, and specialized organic pollutants
characterization.
The instrumentation development section is responsible for the design
and development of instrumentation systems for continuous water quality
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monitoring, including research on new sensors, telemetry systems, and
central data handling facilities.
The biological methods section develops laboratory and field pro-
cedures for collection, identification, and determination of the
significance of aquatic organisms in surface waters.
In addition, a program is being conducted to evaluate the effective-
ness of different filtration systems for detecting small quantities of
viruses in large volumes of water. This enumeration technology is neces-
sary to determine the acceptability of water and renovated wastewater
supplies for domestic use. The degree of removal of viruses, bacteria,
and other pathogenic organisms by wastewater treatment processes is being
studied in parallel with process development pilot plant studies. The
kinetics of virus inactivation in wastewaters by iodine, ozone, and
chlorine are also being studied. This work is being carried out by the
Advanced Waste Treatment Research Laboratory.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
This program responds to analytical requirements of EPA's Office of
Water Programs. There is also coordination with other programs (such as
air, pesticides, and solid wastes) involving program management and oper-
ations, as well as analytical methods common to the programs.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Methods are distributed to all interested State and municipal labora-
tories. There is frequent interchange of analytical needs and proposed
methodology with other laboratory personnel. A newsletter is distributed
to State, municipal, and industrial laboratories as a means of promul-
gating EPA methods and procedures.
Other coordination involves support to other agencies developing or
publishing standard methods.
National and international virology activities are coordinated by
the program staff through an annual conference.
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Interaction with Other Laboratories
Results of this program are used "by several State and interstate
agencies in their mine drainage abatement programs and in formulation of
laws. Informal cooperation with other Federal agencies such as the
Department of Interior and USDA promotes technology transfer. A formal
agreement with the Office of Saline Water relates to the location of
a reverse osmosis unit for test work in mine drainage'.
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EDISON, N.J., LABORATORY DIVISION
Present research activities at the Edison Laboratory are primarily
directed at national programs dealing with water pollution problems.
However, the functional nature of all programs assigned to this Division
requires a comprehensive examination of the total environmental threat.
This Division presently serves as the focal point for national
research and monitoring activities for the five programs outlined on
the following pages. Responsibilities include conceiving, developing,
and implementing novel and advance concepts which can provide significant
technical and operational impact to the individual programs. Other re-
quirements include developing new procedures for data measurement and
evaluation; initiating unique concepts involving various combinations of
known and unknown control, treatment, prevention, and restoration methods,
which might vary due to geographical location; application of cost analysis
for control, prevention, restoration, and cleanup measures; and cor-
relation of. EPA demonstration and research programs with other efforts
in and outside the Government.
Research and monitoring laboratory facilities at Edison are inte-
grated and shared with Region II's Surveillance and Analysis Division.
This eliminates duplication of scientific and field equipment and fosters
efficient use of multidiscipline scientific teams.
The Division accomplishes its mission through in-house activites,
contracts with public, private, and industrial organizations, research
grants to universities, and interagency agreements.
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PROGRAM CODE: 320100: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - MUNICIPAL SOURCES
OF WATER POLLUTION-RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION
(SPECIFICALLY 320102, 320103, AND 3201014-)
Objectives
The objective is to develop technology for the management, treatment,
and control of pollution generated by wet-weather conditions.
Description
Based on escalating costs of pollution abatement, it has been demon-
strated that alternatives to combined sewer separation should be considered.
This program is involved in research, development and demonstration of
such alternate means of controlling pollution generated by wet-weather
conditions. The approach is to refine an overall philosophy and develop
new or improved methods which encompass various control and treatment'
techniques.
The concept of peak load storage facilities to alleviate major impact
in established sewer systems will be investigated. The total systems
approach, integrating the dry- and wet-weather flows, including an urban
intelligence network for control, is of prime consideration. Special
attention is given to reclamation and reuse of storm waters for recrea-
tional purposes, water supply, and esthetic enhancement. In every case,
the environmental impact in the surroundings is fully weighed.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Major interactions of this program are with the Technology Division,
Office of Research and Monitoring, and NERC, Cincinnati. Specific coordi-
nation at Cincinnati is with the Advanced Waste Research Treatment Labora-
tory and the Analytical Quality Control Laboratory.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Many State water pollution control agencies now recognize in
their design standards the need for providing facilities for treating
storm and combined sewer overflows. The necessary technical input to
these States' standards is being provided by EPA, since no other
Government agency is active in this area.
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PROGRAM CODE: 321100: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - INDUSTRIAL SOURCES
OF WATER POLLUTION - RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION
(SPECIFICALLY, 321101 AND 321102)
Objectives
The program is to develop technology for prevention, treatment, and
recovery of wastes from the metal production, finishing, and plating
industry and the chemical manufacturing industries.
Description
This program is to develop and demonstrate new and improved tech-
nology for the prevention, treatment, recovery, and reuse of industrial
wastes. In all cases, the total environmental impact is considered to
ensure that air and solid waste problems are not created.
The program has made, and probably will continue to make, wide use
of grants, supplemented on occasion by contracts and on-site industrial
participation. The intent is to develop an industrially oriented cadre
of personnel who will be capable of moving from industry to industry as
specific problem areas are corrected. This attack permits maximum util-
ization of human resources without major investment in specialized
facilities.
The metal and metal products program includes the ferrous and non-
ferrous industries, both very large water users, as well as metal finishing
operations. These industries discharge large amounts of spent acids,
particulate matter, oil, and a variety of toxic substances such as heavy
metals, cyanide, phenols, and fluoride. The machinery and transportation
equipment facilities discharge substantial quantities of suspended solids,
oil, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
The chemicals and allied products program comprises both the
broad subclasses of organic and inorganic chemicals manufacturing.
These industries produce a wide variety of wastes which may be
extremely complex and resistant to/conventional treatment. In addition
to large volumes of relatively clean cooling water, significant quan-
tities of process wastes high in contaminant loads are produced.
Organic chemical manufacturing produces wastewaters high in biochemical
oxygen demand, refractory organics, oils, color, odor, and taste. The
wastes from inorganic chemical processes are particularly high in
suspended and dissolved solids.
The ultimate goal in approaching new technology is closed-loop con-
trol as accomplished by techniques such as recycling, wastewater reuse
after internal treatment, and chemical and by-product recovery. Strong
emphasis is also placed on in-plant control technology for abating as
much of the waste problem as possible at the source.
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Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Major interactions of this program are with the Technology Division,
Office of Research and Monitoring, and WERC, Cincinnati. Specific coordi-
nation at Cincinnati is with the Advanced Waste Research Treatment Labora-
tory and the Analytical Quality Control Laboratory.
Because of the toxic nature of wastes discharged by industries in
this program, a great deal of coordination exists between the biological
and chemical programs at NERC, Corvallis. In addition, special attention
is paid to the programs accomplished at EPA's laboratory in Grosse lie,
Mich., which shares a portion of the program assigned to Edison. This
program eventually calls for complete recycling of wastes rather than
the discharge of toxic and heavy metals. In light of the requirements
of the 1899 Refuse Act, there is an urgent need to implement the recom-
mendations of this program.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
A great deal of interaction is maintained with industry and non-
profit research groups such as Franklin Institute and Battelle.
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PROGRAM CODE: 322101: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - TRANSPORTATION
SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION - RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT
AND DEMONSTRATION - WATERCRAFT WASTES
Objectives
The objective of this program is development of technology for pre-
vention, treatment, and monitoring of wastes from watercraft.
Description
This program serves"as EPA's national center for research activities
on controlling pollution caused by wastes from watercraft. It is respon-
sible for creating and implementing a program to develop and demonstrate
treatment and control devices that can handle sanitary wastes, oils, lit-
ter, bilge water, ballast water, wash waters, and chemicals from various
classes of watercraft. Handling of these wastes must meet Federal stand-
ards as they become effective.
In-house efforts are aimed at developing new treatment techniques
and systems, as well as establishing standard tests by which off-the-
shelf systems can be evaluated. In addition to grant and contract
monitoring, in-house efforts are aimed at evaluating the effectiveness
of treatment devices now available or to be developed through program
research efforts. These programs provide the expertise required to
develop procedures and guidelines for operational certification and sug-
gest improved innovative approaches to the handling of wastes from water-
craft.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Major interactions of this program are with the Surveillance and
Analysis Division of Region II; Office of Oil & Hazardous Materials,
Office of Water Programs; NERC, Cincinnati; and Technology Division,
ORM.
The Water Quality Improvement Act of 1970, Section 13, requires EPA
to promulgate Federal standards of performance for marine sanitation
devices, which shall be designed to prevent the discharge of untreated
or inadequately treated sewage into or upon the navigable waters of the
United States from new vessels and existing vessels, except vessels not
equipped with installed toilet facilities.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
The Oil and Hazardous Substances Control Research and Development
Committee of the National Response Team closely follows activities of
Maritime Administration (MarAd), Army Corps of Engineers, Coast Guard,
and Navy to avoid duplication of effort.
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PROGRAM CODE: 326101: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - OIL AND
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SPILLS - RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT
AND DEMONSTRATION - HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SPILLS
Objectives
This program is to develop technology for prevention, detection,
monitoring, containment, treatment, and recovery of hazardous polluting
chemicals spilled into the water environment.
Description
This program is responsible for initiation, planning, execution, and
management .of research programs relating to prevention, detection, control
and treatment of spills of hazardous polluting substances in watercourses.
These programs also include studies on fate and effects of spilled haz-
ardous materials, ultimate disposal of recovered materials, and redevelop-
ment and restoration of damaged water ecosystems.
Although emphasis is placed on water pollution, the functional nature
of the programs is to examine comprehensively the total environmental
threat. Recognizing that control of a spilled hazardous material in one
medium often shifts pollution to another medium (in a different chemical
form), all sources of environmental exposure are considered.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Major interactions of this program activity are with the Surveillance
and Analysis Division of Region II; Office of Oil & Hazardous Materials,
Office of Water Programs; NERC, Cincinnati; and Technology Division,
OEM.
The Water Quality Improvement Act of 1970, Section 12, specifically
directs EPA to designate as hazardous substances, other than oil as
defined in Section 11 of the Act, such elements and compounds, which,
when discharged in any quantity into or upon the navigable waters of the
United States or adjoining shorelines, or the waters of the contiguous
zone, present an imminent and substantial danger to the public health or
welfare, including, but not limited to, fish, shellfish, wildlife, shore-
lines, and beaches; and establish, if appropriate, recommended methods
and means for the removal of such substances.
In light of these requirements, program needs and positions have
been assigned in such a manner as to provide answers as rapidly as pos-
sible.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
The Oil and Hazardous Substances Control Research and Development
Committee of the TTational Response Team closely follows activities of
MarAd, Army Corps of Engineers, Coast Guard, and Navy to avoid duplication
of effort.
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PROGRAM CODE: 326102: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - OIL AND
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SPILLS - RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT
AND DEMONSTRATION OIL SPILLS
Objectives
The objective of this program is development of technology for pre-
vention, detection, monitoring, containment, treatment, recovery, fate,
and effect of petroleum products spilled into the water environment.
Description
The program is responsible for initiation, planning, execution, and
management of research programs relating to prevention, detection, control,
treatment, and cleanup of spills of crude and refined oil products. Par-
ticular emphasis is given to spill problems in estuarine areas, fast-
moving rivers, and shorelines. In addition, solutions to problems asso-
ciated with generating, handling, treating, disposing, and recycling of
waste oils are being developed.
Program encompasses in-depth investigations on the fate, effect, and
persistence of oil, or its fractions in water, sediments, biological
communities, and the food web. Also included is the development of legally
defensible oil identification techniques—both passive and active proce-
dures. Remote sensing and continuous monitoring from aircraft, as well
as fixed installations, are part of this program.
Other major responsibilities involve development of standard perform-
ance tests by which hardware used for containment, prevention, control, or
cleanup of spills can be evaluated. To accomplish these needs, an oil
and hazardous materials environmental test basin is being constructed,
with anticipated start-up by FY 197^-•
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Major interactions of this program are with the Surveillance and
Analysis Division of Region II; Office of Oil & Hazardous Materials,
Office of Water Programs; NERC, Cincinnati; and the Technology Division,
ORM.
The Water Quality Improvement Act of 1970, Section 11, specifically
directs that the following be developed: "procedures and techniques to
be employed in identifying, containing, dispersing and removing oil; a
schedule, prepared in cooperation with the States, identifying a) dis-
persants and other chemicals, if any, that may be used...., b) waters in
which such dispersants and chemicals may be used...., and c) the quanti-
ties of such dispersant or chemical which can be used safely...." In
accomplishing these programs it is essential that the Division coordinate
all of its activities with the above mentioned programs and offices.
During major spill incidents, this Division provides technical support
A-II-25
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to the Office of Oil & Hazardous Materials, as well as the individual
Regional Offices of EPA.
In light of these requirements, program needs and positions have
been assigned in such a manner as to provide answers as rapidly as pos-
sible.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
The Oil and Hazardous Substances Control Research and Development
Committee of the National Response Team closely follows activities of
MarAd, Army Corps of Engineers, Coast Guard, and Navy to avoid any dupli-
cation of effort.
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SOLID WASTE RESEARCH DIVISION
The Solid Waste Research Division plans, conducts, and evaluates
research on solid waste management systems and system requirements in
order to develop new and improved means of managing solid wastes from all
sources. Special efforts are directed toward the socio-economic sciences
and their relationship to solid waste management systems. Municipal
scale projects and specific demonstrations are used to encourage the
application of new and improved methods, techniques, and equipment for
solid waste management.
Analytical and pilot plant facilities are maintained to carry out
and support research studies designed to develop new waste handling or
processing methods or to improve existing means of resource recovery,
processing, and the ultimate disposal of solid wastes.
The Division uses extramural research contracts and grants to help
attain program objectives. Programs are assigned that require research
at the bench, pilot plant, and municipal scale. Current and near term
efforts are directed primarily toward:
o Determining means of recovering or using materials and energy
from solid wastes
o Developing new and improved means of salvaging, recycling, and
utilizing all forms of solid wastes
c Determining the attitudes and behavior of the general populace
toward resource recovery and toward reduction of the amount of
waste generated
e Developing new and improved means of collection and transporta-
tion, effective comminution and separation systems, effective
thermal degradation, and other processing schemes for solid
waste prior to resource recovery or ultimate disposal
e Developing and evaluating new and improved methods for disposal
of all forms of unrecyclable solid wastes (including hazardous
materials) without insult to the environment.
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PROGRAM CODE: 1*10200: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - SOLID
WASTES - RESEARCH - ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
Objective
The tentative objective is to identify the major effects that stor-
ing, collecting, transporting, processing, and disposing of solid wastes
have on man, animals, aquatic life, plants, materials, and the environ-
ment .
Description
This program is to be initiated in FY 197^- Current and projected
research should begin to produce positive results. Such results will
then require more definitive determination of environmental effects.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
There are obvious relationships to other EPA programs in this area.
Solid wastes can be generated by other media and categorical sources; in
like fashion, the handling of solid wastes can have effects on these
areas.
Constraints
The delay of this program until FY 197^- is a major constraint. This
effort should be on-going, but fiscal realities prevent this.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Other laboratories, Federal and non-Federal, have a cursory approach
to environmental effects in their solid waste research efforts. This
approach, albeit minimal, is built into solid waste research but does not
receive the necessary prominence.
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PROGRAM CODE: UlOSOO: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - SOLID
WASTES - RESEARCH - ENVIRONMENTAL PHENOMENA
Objective
The tentative objective is to establish by FY 1977 the causes,
sources, transport, fate, and effects of major pollutants from solid
waste management practices in the surrounding environment through studies
of atmospheric, climatologic, hydrologic, and soil processes.
Description
This program, to be initiated in FY 197^, could be handled well by
a functional research approach.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
The broad mandate of investigations into environmental phenomena
necessitates the need for interaction with all EPA research responsi-
bilities.
Constraints
The delay in starting this program is the major constraint. The
current lack of an integrated approach in EPA to research of this type
is another important constraint.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
It is anticipated that other Federal and non-Federal laboratories
will be participating in research in this area in a more positive fashion
when the program is initiated.
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PROGRAM CODE: UlOUOO: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - SOLID
WASTES - RESEARCH - MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL METHODS
Objective
The tentative objective is to develop the most urgently needed
methods and techniques for measuring and monitoring pollutants in air,
land, and water resulting from solid waste management practices.
Description
A minimal effort has been on-going in solid waste research to develop
appropriate analytical methods. It is anticipated that a reasonably
major effort will be started in FY 197^-j expanding upon past work.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
The stated objective of this program implicitly involves the total
EPA efforts in the monitoring and analytical method development area.
Constraints
It is unfortunate that this effort, by fiscal necessity, needs to
be curtailed until FY
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Doubtlessly, there needs to be interaction with Federal and non-
Federal laboratories on the development of analytical methods and
monitoring technology associated with solid waste in the environment,
through all steps from generation to disposal.
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PROGRAM CODE: H21100: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - MUNICIPAL
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT
AND DEMONSTRATION
Objectives
The objective is to study and develop the necessary technology to
improve existing solid waste management techniques for storing, moving,
processing, and disposing of municipally generated wastes. Technical
improvements will be made available for State and local use in providing
better environmental approaches to solid waste management for their con-
stituents. The information will provide the backbone for setting guide-
lines and developing standards.
Description
This program involves primarily the management of municipally gener-
ated solid wastes. It encompasses storage, collection, transport,
processing, systems management, specialized wastes, and disposal. Such
an encompassing program involves basic and applied research.
Environmentally acceptable and practical storage methods are pres-
ently, for the most part, not well integrated with collection/transport
systems, potential recycling schemes, and disposal technology. Improved
storage methods are needed for all solid waste sources but primarily
required for residential, commercial, and industrial. Large improvements
could be made in solid waste storage provided adequate resources were
available.
As presently practiced municipal solid waste collection is a costly,
labor-intensive operation. Technological improvements have been evolving
at a slow rate. The improvements made to date have not been developed on
a systems basis that takes into account preceding and following solid
waste management techniques and needs; for example, the packer truck
works against the follow-up separation of waste. Research will aim to
improve existing approaches, as well as to develop new, innovative, and
less labor-intensive collection procedures. It is also necessary to
undertake human factors research. To date, this important area has been
totally neglected.
The anticipated results will provide hardware systems and information
systems that will make collection safer and better, while hopefully main-
taining a status quo or reducing collection costs.
The ever increasing difficulty that urban areas have in locating end
processing and disposal sites means that solid wastes must be transported
longer distances. Trucks are now the primary means. There is a growing
interest in rail and barge transport. Preliminary studies have been
undertaken in pipeline transport.
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It is necessary to optimize transport systems from an economic and
environmental acceptability viewpoint. The transport of solid waste must
be integrated into a system which acknowledges storage/collection and
attendant processing/reclamation and disposal. The concept of large
facilities which receive materials from large regions is growing in this
Nation. However, the technology for solid waste transport has not
advanced to the point of meeting this concept in an adequate fashion.
The information that will be generated through this research effort will
be applicable in the development of guidelines and standards that will
promote overall acceptable solid waste handling.
A small portion of solid waste falls into a specialized category
requiring special handling. The costs are out of proportion to volume
or weight. Specialized wastes encompass such things as bulky white goods,
leaves and tree trimmings, sewage and water treatment sludges, fly ash,
litter, hospital wastes, and other minor materials. All too frequently
these materials are not picked up by municipal or private forces because
of cost or lack of proper techniques and equipment. The on-going and
anticipated improvements in air and water quality will have a major impact
upon the generation of solid waste materials requiring improved processing
reuse approaches and disposal procedures. This area has received little
research emphasis in the past. A unified approach to this problem area
is needed to improve environmental quality and to ensure the proper dis-
position of such materials.
Solid waste processing is the focal point for resource recovery (in
the form of materials or energy) and for improved transport and disposal
techniques. The separation of valuable materials from municipal solid
wastes can at best be described as antiquated. More truthfully, it is
almost nonexistent. Some efforts are under way to develop automated and
technically sound separation procedures. Materials separation holds the
key to expanding resource recovery. Associated with separation is a neces-
sity for size reduction of the heterogeneous solid waste stream. The
recovery of materials and energy from thermal degradation is in an infan-
tile stage in this Nation and the world. The densification of solid
wastes may be an important component of improved transport and disposal
practices.
There will always be a residue material requiring ultimate disposal
no matter how extensive processing and resource recovery are. Existing
disposal practices are, for the most part, unacceptable and environment-
ally unsound. Sanitary landfilling procedures do not have a sound
scientific base. Our "cover and forget" approach may lead to long range
environmental problems. Technology is needed for improving current prac-
tices for "normal" municipal solid wastes, plus the myriad of other waste
materials that are disposed of on land. The land has been an acceptable
receptor of waste materials and has adequately degraded such materials
without undue environmental harm, provided adequate dispersion has occurred.
Our current approach to localized and concentrated waste disposal may
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prove deleterious in years to come if currently unproven technology is
followed. The anticipated ban on ocean disposal of hazardous waste will
mean increased land disposal of these materials. A major research effort
is under way to determine what these materials are and proper processing
and disposal approaches.
The need for a systemized approach to solid wastes is most evident.
It is essential that the technological, economic, and social tradeoffs
associated with all aspects of solid waste management "be recognized and
balanced. In concert with a balanced approach to systematic solid waste
management is the need to integrate the solid waste impact on both the
air and water media. A major shift in program emphasis is anticipated
which will take into account the total environment. Finally, there is a
need to develop a scientific basis and criteria for local and regional
solid waste management.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Solid waste management is not an entity unto itself in environmental
management. There are major and varied points of interaction with all
other EPA programs as they currently exist. Unfortunately, EPA's current
organizational structure permits only limited interaction in areas of
mutual interests. A few examples are: the leachate generated from sani-
tary landfills poses a significant wastewater treatment problem primarily
because of its composition; the development of improved thermal degrada-
tion procedures cannot be done at the expense of air quality; the process-
ing and disposal of waste pesticides and containers are of importance to
solid waste management and should be of equal importance to the pesticides
program; the production, handling, and disposal of radionuclides should
be viewed as the responsibility of EPA and not a discrete program respon-
sibility. It is irresponsible to approach environmentally integrated
problems with tunnel vision. The development of guidelines and standards
should be an integrated effort.
Constraints
The magnitude of solid wastes generated on a national level from all
sources and the ever increasing rat'e of solid waste generation demand that
increased resources be devoted to this highly neglected environmental area.
There are numerous scattered resources within EPA and other Federal agen-
cies that need to be coalesced into a cohesive structure that will permit
more rapid and sounder research results to be generated.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
There are other researchers earnestly at work on the development of
improved technology and approaches to solid wastes. For example, the
Department of Interior's Bureau of Mines has an active solid waste pro-
gram; Interior's forest product laboratory is working on the increased
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utilization of waste cellulose fibers. AEG is very much concerned with
disposal of radioactive waste. The Department of Commerce is a store-
house of information on available resources and their depletion. DOD is
concerned with disposal of explosive and toxic materials. The General
Services Administration has changed its paper specifications to include
post consumer fibers. Indeed, there is probably no Federal agency
that does not have a solid waste problem, or is not interested and
doing some major or minor research in the area of improving solid
waste management. Liaison has been made and maintained with most
other Federal agencies.
Non-Federal laboratories are also working in the solid waste area
and continue to make significant contributions.
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PROGRAM CODE: 1+22100: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - INDUSTRIAL
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT - RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND
DEMONSTRATION (SPECIFICALLY 1+22121 AND U22123)
Objectives
The objectives are to:
e Develop a practical, detailed classification system for indus-
trial solid wastes capable of becoming standardized and based
upon physical and chemical properties, hazardous characteristics,
and recycling potential
e Provide industries with the necessary process technology to
enable them to safely and reasonably meet contemplated disposal
criteria. Also, to suggest approaches that will result in more
waste being recycled
o Develop strategies for implementing technological developments,
thereby ensuring adequate and timely operation of abatement and
control standards.
Description
This program will consist of four major projects:
o Development of a practical classification system
e Compilation and analysis of survey data from industrial solid
waste management studies of several States
o Development of strategies for mitigating industrial, solid waste
problems
o Development of guidelines and standards.
The major research required by the program will be undertaken by
contract. Contracts related to background studies and the classification
of industrial wastes will precede development of strategies. Output of
the program will be applicable nationwide to all levels of the industrial
solid waste problem.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
This program interacts in many ways with the Office of Solid Waste
Management Programs. Industrial waste management strategies will involve
changes in technology and economic policy and may require manufacturing
restrictions.
A-II-35
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and depletion allowances. Other offices of EPA, USDA, the Department of
the Interior, the Treasury Department, the Commerce Department, the Coun-
cil on Environmental Quality, and the National Material Policy Commission
will interface with this program.
A-II-38
-------
RADIOCHEMISTRY AND NUCLEAR ENGINEERING DIVISION
The Radiochemistry and Nuclear Engineering Division (RNED) is EPA's
focal point for research to provide information about commercially oper-
ated nuclear power facilities concerning:
e Extent of radiation exposure of the population
© Effective radiological surveillance
e Reduction of population radiation exposure to the lowest prac-
ticable level.
A-II-39
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PROGRAM CODE: 610U01: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - RADIATION -
RESEARCH - MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL METHODS -
RADIOCHEMICAL METHODS AND MEASUREMENTS
Objectives
The four interrelated objectives of this research are to:
o Provide public information concerning radioactive material dis-
charge at typical nuclear power stations (including identity,
amounts, pathways, and dispersion or concentration in the
environment) in order to contribute to the rational assessment
of the environmental impact of proposed new facilities
o Develop and test techniques and systems for assessing population
radiation exposure from nuclear power facilities, for inclusion
in radiological surveillance programs
e Recommend radiological surveillance programs to assure compli-
ance with Federal and local regulations, for use by EPA moni-
toring groups, State environmental protection agencies, and
utilities
o Evaluate operations at nuclear power facilities, especially
waste processing, for recommending procedures leading to the
lowest practicable population radiation exposures
Description
Research is undertaken by performing field studies at selected oper-
ating commercial nuclear power stations, in cooperation with the station
operator, the State environmental protection agency, AEG, and the Office
of Radiation Programs (ORP) of EPA. Samples are collected and measure-
ments made within the station, at discharge points for radioactive efflu-
ents, and in the immediate neighborhood. The measurements trace radio-
nuclides from source to man, quantify the relationships among radionuclide
production, discharge, and environmental levels, indicate the major and
minor radiation sources and pathways, and test various monitoring tech-
niques. The facilities under study are selected because they typify sta-
tion operation, utilize waste treatment processes of interest, and provide
necessary information on environmental pathways. The results are published
in detailed reports of field studies, in summaries of the environmental
impact of nuclear power stations, and as recommendations for radiological
surveillance and radioactive waste processing.
The initial part of the program—to undertake studies for providing
information of a broad nature concerning the environmental impact of the
two kinds of nuclear power stations (boiling water and pressurized water
reactors) now being built throughout the United States--will be completed
A-II-^0
-------
in FY 1973. Beginning in FY 1973, the following topics are to be under-
taken :
o Study of aspects of nuclear power facility operation that lead
to relatively high population radiation exposures (to recommend
correction), or to relatively low values (to recommend emula-
tion)
o Study of environmental impact of new types of nuclear power
stations, such as gas-cooled reactors and liquid-metal breeder
reactors, that will begin operation within the next few years
o Support of Eastern Environmental Radiation Laboratory (EERL) and
Western Environmental Research Laboratory (WERL) in studies of
the influence of specific environmental aspects that lead to
unusually high population radiation exposures at particular
operating reactors
o Study of the radiological impact of the growth of the industry
(for example, multiple stations and stations near centers of
population).
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Recommendations for radiological surveillance programs are given to
the Surveillance and Inspection Division in ORP for use in monitoring
radioactive effluents and environmental radiation at nuclear power facili-
ties . Analytical radiochemical methods are provided to EERL and WERL for
their activities in support of the Surveillance Division.
Cooperative programs of studies at nuclear power facilities are under-
taken with EERL, WERL, and ORP. RNED provides technical guidance as needed;
these groups provide instrumental and analytical support as needed.
Scientific guidance and technical support for the studies at nuclear
power facilities have been provided by ORM specialists in biology and
limnology, and such support in meteorology will also be useful in the
future.
This Division will be available to support other activities with
guidance in the area of radioactivity measurements, tracer studies with
radionuclides, and trace analysis by nuclear activation.
Interaction with Other Agencies
Because of the regulatory responsibilities of AEG and State environ-
mental protection agencies, the activities of this Division concerned
with commercially operated nuclear power facilities must be closely
coordinated with these gwo groups.
-------
SUMMARY OF RESOURCES
The following tables include two major program increases due to
(l) a projected comprehensive Health Effects Research Program and (2)
the Water Pollution Control and Abatement Act now pending in Congress.
The rationale for the Health Effects Program is essentially that
all research in EPA should be evaluated against one of two criteria,
(l) to provide health intelligence for regulatory action and (2) to
quantify health benefits of environmental control. The major national
environmental standards established by EPA have been principally based
on evidence that adverse health effects are associated with uncontrolled
pollution. Health intelligence provides EPA with inputs to select a
control strategy designed to minimize adverse health effects at an
exposure level which is socially acceptable and least costly. Having
instituted a control strategy, EPA can assess the benefits of the in-
curred costs by employing its health program to quantify health benefits
of environmental control. Such results allow EPA to evaluate control
actions and to make appropriate adjustments in control strategies in the
light of documented health benefits. This action will assure the public
that scarce resources are not wasted on misguided action programs that
achieve control but not the intended benefits.
In presenting EPA's rationale for health research, the prior
mentioned criteria were used to assess EPA's health research needs and
show what the present base program and an expanded program require.
The attached resources tables include this expanded program.
The proposed Water Pollution Control and Abatement Act, now before
Congress, requires an acceleration and expansion of continuing programs
for the prevention and abatement of water pollution. This includes
studies relating to the causes, effects, extent, prevention, and abate-
ment of water pollution as well as the treatment and control technology
for minimizing or eliminating water pollution.
This legislation specifically provides for programs for storm and
combined sewer pollution control, municipal pollution control, indus-
trial pollution control, joint municipal and industrial pollution con-
trol, agricultural pollution control, mine water pollution control and
oil and hazardous materials pollution control. The Act also provides
for the study of social and economic costs and benefits, health and
welfare effects, methods and procedures to identify and measure the
effects of pollutants, studies in connection with the control of pol-
lution of lakes, especially the Great Lakes, vessel pollution control,
A-II-^2
-------
pesticides pollution control., and methods of reducing the total flow of
sewage. Finally, the Act requires programs for pollution control in
rural and other areas where collection of sewage by conventional tech-
niques is infeasible, such as an Alaskan Village water and sewage
demonstration program.
Table A-2a shows the present base programs, not including the pro-
grams which would result from the proposed Water Pollution Control Abate-
ment Act. Table A-2b shows the present base programs plus the additional
resources required to respond to the proposed Act.
A-II-U3
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TABLE A-2a
LABORATORY RESOURCES - OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND MONITORING
(excluding pending water legislation)
NERC, CINCINNATI, OHIO
Program Code - Facility
110203 - Cincinnati, Ohio
310401 - Cincinnati, Ohio
310402 - Cincinnati, Ohio
320101 - Cincinnati, Ohio
320102 - Edison, N.J.
320103 - Edison, N.J.
321101 - Edison, N.J.
322101 - Edison, N.J.
324101 - Cincinnati, Ohio
326101 - Edison, N.J.
326102 - Edison, N.J.
328101 - Cincinnati, Ohio
328102 - Cincinnati, Ohio
328103 - Cincinnati, Ohio
328104 - Cincinnati, Ohio
328105 - Cincinnati, Ohio
328106 - Cincinnati, Ohio
328107 - Cincinnati, Ohio
328108 - Cincinnati, Ohio
328109 - Cincinnati, Ohio
328110 - Cincinnati, Ohio
421122 - Cincinnati, Ohio
421123 - Cincinnati, Ohio
421124 - Cincinnati, Ohio
421125 - Cincinnati, Ohio
FY72
$1000
1312
1289
932
2437.3
2758.8
1213.2
373
771
2882.5
1707
3843.2
430.8
183.4
262.3
144.7
267.6
284.7
979.8
461.7
166.9
225.5
52
42.4
50.2
1172
M/Y
43
33
24
23
3
1
4
2
11
6
10
11
4
6
4
8
5
14
15
5
2
0
0
0
15
FY73
$1000
1378
1423
1028
2470.3
2585.8
1209.5
485
740.7
3081
1650
3775
425
200
213.4
135.5
165.8
315
816.2
508.3
200.6
255.2
52
42.4
50.2
1172
M/Y
43
36
26
25
3
1
4
2
15
6
10
10
3
6
4
8
5
14
15
5
2
0
0
0
15
FY74
$1000
1447
1565
1131
2594
2715
1270
509
740.7
3389
1444
3303
446
210
224
142
174
331
857
534
211
268
57
47
55
1289
M/Y
43
38
27
25
3
1
4
2
16
5
9
10
3
6
4
8
5
14
15
5
2
1
1
1
16
FY75
$1000
1519
1722
1244
2724
2851
1333
535
617.7
3728
1238
2831
469
221
235
149
183
347
900
560
221
281
63
51
61
1418
M/Y
43
40
29
25
3
1
4
2
17
4
8
10
3
6
4
8
5
14
15
5
2
1
1
1
17
FY76
$1000
1595
1894
1368
2860
2993
1400
561
494.7
4101
1032
2359
492
232
247
157
192
365
945
588
232
295
69
56
67
1560
M/Y
43
42
30
25
3
1
4
1
18
3
7
10
3
6
4
8
5
14
15
5
2
2
2
2
17
FY77
$1000
1674
2083
1505
3003
3143
1470
590
370
4511
825
1887
517
243
259
165
202
383
992
618
244
310
76
62
73
1716
M/Y
43
44
32
25
3
1
4
1
20
3
5
10
3
6
4
8
5
14
15
5
2
2
2
2
18
-------
TABLE A-2a (continued)
Program Code - Facility
421126 - Cincinnati, Ohio
421127 Cincinnati, Ohio
421128 - Cincinnati, Ohio
422121 - Cincinnati, Ohio
422123 - Cincinnati, Ohio
424121 - Cincinnati, Ohio
610401 - Cincinnati, Ohio
972324 - Cincinnati, Ohio
FY72
$1000
2073.6
102
235.4
170
84.1
3597
79.8
324.7
M/Y
11
0
1
1
0
9
5
15
FY73
$1000
2073.6
102
235.4
170
71.1
3597
130
750
M/Y
11
0
1
i
0
9
6
30
FY74
$1000
2281
112
259
300
200
4000
140
960
M/Y
12
1
1
4
3
10
6
32
FY75
$1000
2509
123
285
300
200
4000
150
990
M/Y
12
1
2
3
2
11
6
33
FY76
$1000
2760
136
313
300
200
4000
120
1050
M/Y
13
2
2
2
1
12
6
35
FY7 7
$1000
3036
149
345
300
100
4000
131
1110
M/Y
13
2
2
1
1
13
6
37
H
H
-------
TABLE A-2b
LABORATORY RESOURCES - OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND MONITORING
(including pending water legislation)
NERC, CINCINNATI, OHIO
Program Code - Facility
110203 - Cincinnati, Ohio
310401 - Cincinnati, Ohio
310402 - Cincinnati, Ohio
320101 - Cincinnati, Ohio
320102 - Edison, N.J.
320103 - Edison, N.J.
320104 - Edison, N.J.
320105 - Cincinnati, Ohio
321101 - Edison, N.J.
321102 - Edison, N.J.
321113 - Cincinnati, Ohio
322101 - Edison, N.J.
324101 - Cincinnati, Ohio
326101 - Edison, N.J.
326102 - Edison, N.J.
328101 - Cincinnati, Ohio
328102 - Cincinnati, Ohio
328103 - Cincinnati, Ohio
328104 - Cincinnati, Ohio
328105 - Cincinnati, Ohio
328106 - Cincinnati, Ohio
328107 - Cincinnati, Ohio
328108 - Cincinnati, Ohio
328109 - Cincinnati, Ohio
328110 - Cincinnati, Ohio
421122 - Cincinnati, Ohio
421123 - Cincinnati, Ohio
421124 - Cincinnati, Ohio
421125 - Cincinnati, Ohio
421126 - Cincinnati, Ohio
421127 - Cincinnati, Ohio
421128 - Cincinnati, Ohio
FY72
$1000
1312
1289
932
2437.3
2758.8
1213.2
373
771
2882.5
1707
3843.2
430.8
183.4
262.3
144.7
267.6
284.7
979.8
461.7
166.9
225.5
52
42.4
50.2
1172
2073.6
102
235.4
M/Y
43
33
24
23
3
1
4
2
11
6
10
11
4
6
4
8
5
14
15
5
2
0
0
0
15
11
0
1
FY73
$1000
1378
2023
1428
8370.3
7185.8
1709.5
630
1000
1285
1000
1500
740.7
10,081
9650
14,375
3325
775
1113.4
735.5
1425.8
1565
5416.2
1908.3
1300.6
1255.2
52
42.4
50.2
1172
2073.6
102
235.4
M/Y
43
50
34
50
19
7
2
2
19
10
10
2
25
15
24
22
9
11
10
11
13
33
22
14
8
0
0
0
15
11
0
1
FY74
$1000
1447
2165
1931
15,970
9515
3440
800
850
1400
2000
3000
740.7
12,389
13,044
14,803
6446
1210
824
1142
1724
1651
8357
4234
1861
2198
57
47
55
1289
2281
112
259
M/Y
43
53
37
43
23
7
2
2
24
13
20
2
48
24
23
23
8
11
10
11
10
34
22
15
10
1
1
1
16
12
1
1
FY75
$1000
1519
2222
2044
17,424
13,451
7033
1000
650
2558
3000
3500
617.7
15,728
15,738
11,831
4669
1321
935
1299
1723
1747
7000
4260
2071
2881
63
51
61
1418
2509
123
285
M/Y
43
55
37
45
23
7
3
2
26
14
23
2
71
26
20
29
9
11
10
11
10
34
22
15
15
1
1
1
17
12
1
2
FY76
$1000
1595
2344
1968
19,960
12,393
6950
1000
375
2364
3000
4000
494.7
16,701
17,332
9559
3792
1432
947
1607
1502
2000
5545
3488
2132
2695
69
56
67
1560
2760
136
313
M/Y
43
56
37
45
23
7
3
2
27
15
24
1
72
34
16
29
9
11
10
11
11
33
18
15
15
2
2
2
17
13
2
2
FY77
$1000
1674
2283
1905
19,903
8993
1770
2900
300
2086
2500
3000
370
17,741
17,125
9087
2217
1443
859
1515
1522
1903
3592
3018
2244
2310
76
62
73
1716
3036
149
345
M/Y
43
54
37
45
21
7
4
1
27
17
29
1
72
36
15
24
9
11
10
11
10
33
18
15
12
2
2
2
18
13
2
2
H
H
CT\
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TABLE A-2b (continued)
Program Code - Facility
422121 - Cincinnati, Ohio
422123 - Cincinnati, Ohio
424100 - Cincinnati, Ohio
610401 - Cincinnati, Ohio
972324 - Cincinnati, Ohio
FY72
$1000
170
84.1
3597
79.8
324.7
M/Y
1
0
9
5
15
FY73
$1000
170
71.1
3597
130
750
M/Y
1
0
9
6
30
FY74
$1000
300
200
4000
140
960
M/Y
4
3
10
6
32
FY75
$1000
300
200
4000
150
990
M/Y
3
2
11
6
33
FY76
$1000
300
200
4000
120
1050
M/Y
2
1
12
6
35
FY77
$1000
300
100
4000
131
1110
M/Y
1
1
13
6
37
I
H
H
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SECTION III: NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER
CORVALLIS,OREG.
The National Environmental Research Center (MERC), Corvallis, Oreg.,
currently conducts research principally in the water pollution area.
This is because the eight laboratories associated with it are, but
with one exception, water pollution research laboratories of the former
Federal Water Quality Administration. The one exception is the Gulf
Breeze (pesticides research) Laboratory, formerly of the Bureau of
Commercial Fisheries.
Current management and planning effort seeks to upgrade ongoing
activities — to improve efficiency, effectiveness, and economies of action.
The next order of priority is to broaden the scope of the research pro-
grams to encompass impacts of pollutants throughout the entire environ-
ment. Moving in this direction will commence in FY 1973- With such
broadened scope, which will permit pursuing pollutants, their degradation
products, their fate through all phases of the environment, the working
thread of continuity will be the ecological reactions of significance.
The Center's activities are carried out in Alaska Water Laboratory,
College, Alaska, Grosse lie Laboratory, Grosse lie, Mich., Gulf Breeze
Laboratory, Gulf Breeze, Fla., Robert S. Kerr Water Research Center, Ada,
Okla., National Marine Water Quality Laboratory, West Kingston, R.I.,
National Water Quality Laboratory, Duluth, Minn., Pacific Northwest Water
Laboratory, Corvallis, Greg., and Southeast Water Laboratory, Athens, Ga.
A Southern California Marine Research Laboratory is planned for FY 1973
and
As environmental research is intensified and broadened to meet the
needs of regulatory responsibilities of EPA, emphasis in program growth
and need for resources will be on the Center site in Corvallis. This is
necessary to develop a Center with capabilities to effectively sense,
understand, measure, and learn to deal in meaningful ways with ecological
responses of environmental pollution. Associated laboratories will experi-
ence more limited growth, principally in response to program needs that
are largely keyed to geographic requirements for successful 'accomplishment.
A-III-1
-------
Laboratory Responsibilities
Responsibility for the operational direction of assigned programs
includes the management necessary to effectively use delegated authorities
and allocated resources to implement, direct, and monitor an improved
plan provided by ORM. The broad research objectives are to:
o Generate knowledge needed for refinement of control standards
c Improve understanding of environmental and ecological impacts
as a basis for more effective environmental control
o Develop effective control technologies that can be demonstrated
and put to broadened use to restore and protect environmental
quality
In addition to in-house research, specific activities required to
accomplish these objectives will include evaluation of grant applications,
rejection or recommendation for award, preparation and approval of grant
award packages, technical and administrative supervision of ongoing grant
projects, final report review and preparation for publication, grant close-
out, and equipment recovery. Initiation of new grant applications to meet
recognized needs follows. Similar activities will be carried out with
regard to research contracts.
Laboratory activities will include preliminary verification of claims
in applications for grants for demonstration of new treatment processes,
analysis of demonstration facility streams to verify accuracy of grantee's
report, evaluation of automatic analyzers,'controllers, and package treat-
ment units coming into the market, development of new treatment techniques,
and identification of components and the effects of proprietary additives.
Laboratories also serve as a clearinghouse for recovery, utilization, or
reassignment of instrumentation and equipment retrieved from completed
grant projects.
The Headquarters Divisions responsible for providing program man-
agement over particular aspects of the program are covered in the state-
ment of each laboratory's programs-.
Laboratory activities under the National Applied Science and Tech-
nology Research and Development Program for waste treatment and abatement
of pollution include,but are not limited to, such activities as:
o Identification of waste sources, volumes, and standard raw
waste loads for each significant waste parameter present for
each unit process or operation conducted
c Identification of current methods of treatment, treatment effec-
tiveness and cost, and the extent to which treatment methods are
being applied
A-III-2
-------
e Determination of the national significance of each source and
establishing a priority for development of effective and eco-
nomical treatment methods
e Research, development, and demonstration of the effectiveness
and economics of new or improved methods of waste treatment.
The overall objectives of the national program are to develop the
Best Practicable Control Technology for implementation by January 1976,
the Best Available Control Technology by January 1981, and Closed Loop
Technology by January 1985. The laboratory will, through in-house and
extramural activities, assist in the attainment of these objectives.
Approach to Industrial Water Pollution Control Programs
Congress and the Executive Branch have placed the primary burden
upon industry to control its pollution. However, the industrial pollu-
tion control program was created by Congress to assist industry to develop
treatment and control technology. Resources in dollars and manpower to
develop this technology in EPA will be limited to the relative overall
magnitude of the industrial problems.
Faced by standards and enforcement actions, industry will continue
to accelerate its control actions with the progressive industry members
leading the way.
There is no question at this time of the growth, magnitude, and com-
plexity of the industrial pollution problems as compared to other control-
lable point sources. Nor is there any question on the extent and use of
our Nation's waters by industry.
To date, the nature and immensity of industrial problems have re-
sulted in development of a research and development program which has
been primarily extramural in nature. Since its beginning, the objective
of the program has been to develop the technology to achieve any required
degree of pollution control by least cost methods for all significant
sources of pollution, with minimum environmental impact.
Meeting this objective requires:
e Identification of needs:
- Through state-of-the-art studies
- Through regional and industrial identification of needs
- Through continuing program and projects evaluation
o Development of technology for wastewater treatment and control:
- For municipal acceptance
- For meeting water quality standards
A-III-3
-------
- For zero discharge (reuse and recycle)
- For total environmental control (air, water, solids,
treatment and control optimized systems)
e Economic optimization;
- By establishing proper in-plant measures
- By developing by-product recovery systems
- By establishing technology for water conservation
- By developing zero discharge.
The zero discharge approach will result from extensive applications
of closed loop systems. Consideration of air and solid wastes industrial
pollution problems is deemed appropriate for the vast majority of indus-
tries. For the short term, efforts will be concentrated on a small group
of high pollution potential industries—the food, pulp and paper, metals,
chemical, petroleum, and textile industries, for example.
To concentrate EPA efforts on the most significant industries, a pro-
gram is visualized which establishes a critical mass of industrial pollu-
tion control personnel at a few laboratories. At present, these are the
Pacific Northwest Water Laboratory, The Robert S. Kerr Water Research
Center, the Southeast Water Laboratory (all of which report to NERC,
Corvallis), and the Edison Laboratory (which reports to NERC, Cincinnati).
There will be a need for shifting program efforts from a small set of
high-polluting industries to the next ranking set as technology is devel-
oped. In addition to the shifting of program emphasis, the overall program
will be continued as a predominantly extramural program (grants and con-
tracts) .
The in-house program will remain relatively small and concentrate on
specific process gaps in grants and contracts and on processes common to
many industries.
In addition to these programs the Thermal Pollution Program is another
important EPA effort which is now receiving emphasis.
As currently visualized, general assignments for the HERC's are: Cor-
vallis, agricultural-based industries (food, pulp and paper, and agricul-
tural chemicals) and Cincinnati, nonagricultural-based industries (metals,
chemicals, petroleum, and textiles). If executed, this will be accomplished
by shifting municipal processes personnel to the industrial program. In
most cases, the transfers in effect should merely broaden current process
technology efforts to include industrial wastes. The shifting of emphasis
is of high priority but will be accomplished at a reasonable pace.
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PROGRAM CODE: 31020U: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - WATER - RESEARCH -
WATER QUALITY REQUIREMENTS - AGRICULTURAL USES
Objectives
This program is needed to provide data to establish criteria that
will provide a sound scientific basis for setting water quality standards
for agricultural uses. More elastic criteria are needed to characterize
water quality for irrigation use as modified by climate soil factors,
management practices, drainage, quality of water, and kinds of crops
grown. It is essential to determine tolerance limits for herbicides
transported in irrigation water from noncrop areas to cropland.
Description
Agricultural uses of water include those of irrigating and watering
livestock and poultry. The physical and chemical characteristics of irri-
gational waters may have an important effect on plants, the soil, and
domestic animals consuming such waters. Constituents of water may cause
physiological disturbances and toxic algae or protozoans in water con-
sumed may be deleterious. Special studies are needed in relation to
trace elements and their concentrations. From the standpoint of poten-
tial toxicants, it is believed that if the water is safe for aquatic
plants and other aquatic life, it is safe for use for irrigation.
In order to avoid overlapping of water quality as related to USDA,
existing knowledge of water quality criteria for domestic animals and
irrigation use should be consolidated. Additional data should be pro-
vided as need indicates, hopefully through USDA.
In respect to the fact that the development of scientifically sound
and legally defensible water quality criteria for freshwater aquatic life
is the first (top) priority mission, Agriculture Water Uses (31020^) is
of medium priority. This program will be carried out at Corvallis.
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PROGRAM CODE: 310206: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - WATER - RESEARCH -
WATER QUALITY REQUIREMENTS - FRESHWATER FISHES,
OTHER FRESHWATER LIFE, AND WILDLIFE
Objectives
The program is to provide data to establish criteria that will pro-
vide the sound scientific basis for setting water quality standards for
freshwaters. The ultimate objective is to develop valid criteria for
setting water quality standards for the propagation of freshwater fishes,
other aquatic life, and wildlife. The specific objective of the program
is to develop criteria for important fishes and invertebrates and for
their food chain organisms. The program includes, but is not limited to,
the areas of temperature and dissolved oxygen, mercury and other heavy
metals, pesticides, and complex organic effluents.
Description
To accomplish these objectives, a variety of aquatic animals including
fishes and their food organisms must be exposed to pollutants of concern
to determine the effects on all life stages. This permits establishing
safe concentrations that may persist in water and not cause harm. Tests
last from a few weeks to 2 years, depending on the organism being tested.
Techniques for testing aquatic animals are few, and methods must be
constantly developed to test other pollutants and new animals. Often,
chemical analytical methods are not sufficiently sensitive to measure
biologically important concentrations, and chemical research is necessary
before bioassays can be performed.
When new chemicals, such as pesticides are being considered for use
or registration and for EPA enforcement activity, standardized bioassays
are needed to determine toxicity for specific chemicals or species in
order to assess their environmental impact. If residues are produced in
the flesh, these too must be measured. Such activity continually requires
more space and manpower to meet agency needs.
The research is carried out at Duluth, the Fish Toxicology Field
Station, Newtown, Ohio, and the Western Fish Toxicology Field Station,
Corvallis, Oreg. It includes aquatic organisms from all parts of the
Nation—even those like salmon that spend a portion of their life in the
ocean. Work must be performed in diverse geographical locations in
order to be close to the organisms to be tested and the water types
and pollution problem of concern.
The research assignment to develop criteria for water quality
standards is specified in the authorizing legislation.
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First priority is given to establishing safe levels for pollutants
of most immediate concern such as mercury and PCB.
Second priority is given to developing better testing methods to
more quickly assess environmental impact. Often these two needs can be
met simultaneously.
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PROGRAM CODE: 310209: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - WATER - RESEARCH - WATER
QUALITY REQUIREMENTS - MARINE FISHES, OTHER MARINE LIFE AND WILDLIFE
Objectives
The program is to provide data to establish criteria that will pro-
vide the sound scientific basis for setting water quality standards for
marine and estuarine waters. The ultimate objective is to develop valid
criteria for setting water quality standards for the propagation of
important marine fishes and invertebrates and their food chain organisms.
Specific objectives include, but are not limited to determining:
o Safe levels of pesticides and pesticide derivatives in
estuaries and coastal waters
e Effects of organic chemicals, heavy metals, petroleum,
and petroleum by-products on marine life
c Temperature and dissolved oxygen requirements for marine
life.
Description
To accomplish these objectives, acute and chronic effects of pollu-
tants on the various life stages of the organisms must be determined in
order to specify safe levels of the pollutant involved. With the great
number of toxic substances being released into the environment, the pro-
gram requires a high level of effort for an extensive period of time.
Field testing is required in many cases to validate laboratory findings.
Without adequate facilities such as construction of the National
Marine Water Quality Laboratory at Narragansett and the acquisition of
Bears Bluff Field Station to provide access to flowing seawater, the
marine program is handicapped in meeting its responsibility.
This is a national program not limited by geographic or political
boundaries. It is to provide criteria for marine life, these criteria
being an integral part of water quality standards.
Priority
This is the first (No. l) research priority of the National Marine
Water Quality Laboratory, in order to develop scientifically sound and
legally defensible water quality criteria for marine and estuarine aquatic
life. It is mandated in the Water Quality Act.
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PROGRAM CODES: 310209: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS -WATER -RESEARCH -WATER
QUALITY REQUIREMENTS - MARINE FISHES, OTHER MARINE LIFE AND WILDLIFE.
ALSO: 510102: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - PESTICIDES - ESTABLISHMENT OF
ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA AND STANDARDS - ANIMAL WELL-BEING
Objectives
Objectives of this program are related to effects of pesticides and
other pollutants on aquatic ecosystems. Elements common to these eco-
systems are:
o Decomposer organisms and nutrient regenerators such as bacteria,
ciliate protozoans, and algae
o Organisms, such as algae, small rooted plants, and trees, which
produce food through the process of photosynthesis
o Animals which feed upon ciliate protozoans, algae, weeds, trees,
and other animals, and detritus formed from them.
Research will be performed on these elements, integrating data ob-
tained so as to yield knowledge for prediction of effects of pesticides
and other compounds on aquatic ecosystems.
Description
Bioassays will be conducted on pesticides to be used in or near the
marine environment. This information will be sent to EPA's Pesticide
Regulation Division. Also, chronic laboratory experiments will be con-
ducted on effects of sublethal concentrations of chemical contaminants
on estuarine organisms. Further, the effect on organisms of the inter-
actions of more than one pesticide or a pesticide and other pollutants
will be studied under several environmental conditions.
The Gulf Breeze laboratory provides the primary research relative
to pesticides in water environment in these two programs.
Part of the FY 1973-77 resources will be used to establish narine
field stations in the Pacific Northwest, in Southern California, and
in the tropics.
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PROGRAM CODE: 310301: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - WATER - RESEARCH -
HYDROLOGIC PROCESSES AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL PHENOMENA -
FATE OF POLLUTANTS IN FRESH SURFACE WATERS
Objective
The objective is to describe and predict the movement and character-
istics of pollutants in fresh surface waters and the mechanisms which
affect the ultimate fate of such contaminants. The purpose is to relate
the concentrations and forms of pollutants to the size, character, com-
position, and location of their sources in order to establish effective
water quality standards, treatment and control requirements, and basin
planning.
Description
Research is conducted to:
e Determine the rates of movement, accumulation, and degradation
of pollutants in surface water systems and the chemical, physi-
cal, and biological factors which influence these phenomena
c Determine the distribution of pollutants in surface water eco-
systems
c Develop, in simulated streams, predictive models for pollutant
fate
c Verify models in the natural environment.
This program is being conducted in Athens.
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PROGRAM CODE: 310302: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - WATER - RESEARCH -
HYDROLOGIC PROCESSES AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL PHENOMENA -
FATE OF POLLUTANTS IN GROUND WATERS
Objective
The broad objective of the program is to develop methods for protect-
ing ground water quality. This is done by defining, describing, and quan-
tifying the fate of pollutants entering and traversing ground water
terrains. Specific objectives include:
o Determination of the scope and nature of ground water pollution
problems
o Establishment of scientific criteria for disposal site selection
o Determination of the effects of surface activities on ground
water environments
e Development of monitoring and management systems for ground
water environments
o Development of optimum waste disposal procedures relative to
subsurface disposal.
Description
This field and laboratory program characterizes the movement, distri-
bution, and interactions of pollutants in ground water environments. It
provides the scientific basis for development of ground water standards,
control technology, and restorative techniques. The FY 1972 in-house
program includes investigations of pollutants in ground water beneath
cattle feedlots, of ground water "brine pollution problems in the South
Central Region, and of the degradation of cattle hormones.
This program receives program management from the Division of
Processes and Effects. Top priority projects both in-house and extra-
mural will include comprehensive surveys by regions for identification
of ground water pollution problems to serve as a basis for planning
future research efforts, development of improved monitoring techniques,
and development of optimum waste disposal procedures relative to sub-
surface disposal. This program is carried out in Ada.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
The solid waste program of the Office of Categorical Programs con-
ducts demonstrations of landfill operations which could bear on ground
water pollution; no relationship has been established. The Standards
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Development Division of the Office of Water Programs requires data as
developed under 310302 for ground water standards; liaison is maintained.
Pending legislation (S. lOlU) includes provisions for the establish-
ment of effluent standards for ground water environments.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
A draft memo of agreement between EPA and the Department of the
Interior (primarily the Geological Survey) spells out the functions and
responsibilities of both agencies toward protecting and enhancing ground
water quality. Liaison is also maintained with the Bureau of Mines, the
Corps of Engineers, and certain State research programs.
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PROGRAM CODE: 310303: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - WATER - RESEARCH -
HYDROLOGIC PROCESSES AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL PHENOMENA -
FATE OF POLLUTANTS BT MARINE WATERS
Objectives
The objectives are to:
o Establish scientific criteria for disposal site selection and use
o Determine the environmental effects of ocean disposal in exist-
ing disposal sites
e Develop monitoring systems for ocean disposal.
Description
Field and laboratory studies are conducted to characterize processes
governing the transport, distribution, and transformation of pollutants
in coastal and estuarine waters. Typical work includes chemical, bio-
logical, and physical measurements of heavy metals, polychlorinated
biphenyls, and other pollutants in several selected estuarine and coastal
locations. The FY 1972 program is largely designed to satisfy EPA's
responsibilities for regulating ocean disposal.
The present in-house program is centered at Corvallis, Oreg., and
most in-house work is undertaken along the nearby Pacific Northwest coast.
Because marine ecosystems and environmental parameters differ broadly
among ocean basins and because pollution loads vary, a broader geographi-
cal effort, together with more expertise on marine pollution problems on
each coast, is needed to develop marine water quality standards.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
This program is coordinated with the estuarine programs of the Office
of Water Programs. The work is related to that of the Narragansett Marine
Water Quality Laboratory and the Gulf Breeze Laboratory.
Constraints
Pending legislation to regulate ocean dumping, if passed, will catch
EPA ill-prepared to designate ocean dumping sites and to prescribe proto-
cols for their environmentally-safe use.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
This program requires coordination with the marine sciences programs
of other Federal agencies including: NOAA, NASA, the Department of the
Interior, the Geological Survey, National Science Foundation, and the
Coast Guard.
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PROGRAM CODE: 310301*: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - WATER -
RESEARCH - HYDROLOGIC PROCESSES AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL
PHENOMENA - FATE OF POLLUTANTS IN LARGE LAKES
Objective
The objective is to understand and predict the various chemical,
physical, and biological processes which affect water quality so that
rational technological and administrative controls may be applied to
enhance the water quality of the lakes.
Description
Field measurements and laboratory analyses are conducted to verify
mathematical models to describe and predict the time-space distribution
of pollutants and their resulting effect on the water quality of the
Great Lakes and other large lakes. Also, the methodology for relating
water quality to ecology will be developed. Procedures are developed
for determining the adequacy of water quality standards, wastewater treat-
ment needs, and overall water quality management requirements in large
lake systems.
This program is centered at Grosse lie because it is close to the
Great Lakes.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
The major interactions of this program are with the Office of Water
Programs and with Regions II, III, and V. The large lakes program pro-
vides a scientific basis for developing water quality standards and for
dealing with pollution situations in the Great Lakes.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Liaison is maintained with NOAA, the Coast Guard, and counterpart
laboratory and field research programs in Canada, as well as academic
institutions in the Great Lakes basin. Liaison is maintained with the
International Joint Commission, Great Lakes Basin Commission, and the
joint U.S./Canadian International Field Year for the Great Lakes.
A-III-1.4
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PROGRAM CODE: 310^00: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - WATER - RESEARCH -
MONITORING AND ANALYTICAL METHODS
(SPECIFICALLY 31*01 and 310403)
Objective
The objective is to develop methods for detection, identification,
and quantification of water pollutants, including pesticides, trace
metals, and organic substances.
Description
Research is conducted in a number of areas to develop new methodology
or to improve on existing methodology. Areas include all types of spec-
troscopy, activation analysis, electrochemical techniques, and others.
This program area also includes research directed toward the development
of techniques, and special devices needed to permit rapid, accurate, and
economical detection, characterization, quantification, and monitoring
of all types of pollution sources.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
The major interaction of this program is with the Office of Water
Programs in relation to the setting and enforcement of water quality
standards. Close contact is maintained with Region IV for the purpose
of providing solutions to regional water quality problems. The work on
ecological cycling of pollutants, including nutrients, is closely related
to several other EPA research programs.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Liaison is maintained with the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TVA,
Battelle Northwest, Geological Survey, and academic institutions for the
purpose of exchanging research data and methodologies. Consultation on
equipment and instrumentation is conducted with the Smithsonian Institu-
tion, Beltsville Experimental Station, Analytical Chemistry Laboratory
(Cape Kennedy, Fla.), Savannah River Laboratory, Corps of Engineers, Navy
Mine Defense Laboratory, and the Marshall Space Flight Center.
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PROGRAM CODE: 321100: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - INDUSTRIAL SOURCES OF
WATER POLLUTION - RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION
Objective
This program area is that portion of the research, development,
and demonstration program charged with the task of developing and
demonstrating new or improved methods for the abatement of pollution
caused by the discharge of pollutants from various industrial sources.
Description
Congress and the Executive Branch have placed the primary burden
upon industry to control its pollution. However, the industrial pollution
control program was created by Congress to assist industry to develop
treatment and control technology. Resources in dollars and manpower
to develop this technology in EPA will be limited to the relative overall
magnitude of the industrial problems.
Faced by standards and enforcement actions, industry will continue
to accelerate its control actions with the progressive industry members
leading the way.
To date, the nature and immensity of industrial problems have
resulted in development of a research and development program which has
been primarily extramural in nature. Since its beginning, the objective
of the program has been to develop the technology to achieve any required
degree of pollution control by least cost methods for all significant
sources of pollution, with minimum environmental impact, and with the
emphasis on closed loop water systems.
To concentrate EPA efforts on the most significant industries, a
program is visualized which establishes a critical mass of industrial
pollution control personnel at a few laboratories. At present, the
following specific programs are carried out by the assigned laboratories:
Program Element Title Laboratory
321101 Metal & Metal Products Grosse lie
321102 Chemicals & Allied Products Athens
321103 Power Production Corvallis
32110U Paper & Allied Products Corvallis
A-III-16
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Program Element Title Laboratory
321105 Petroleum & Coal Products Ada
321106 Food & Kindred Products Corvallis,
Athens and Ada
321107 . Machinery & Transportation
Equipment Manufacturing Corvallis
321108 Stone, Clay, & Glass
Products Corvallis
321109 Textile Mill Products Athens
321110 Lumber & Wood Products Corvallis
321111 Rubber & Plastic Corvallis
321112 Miscellaneous Industrial
Sources Ada
321113 Joint (industrial/Municipal) Athens and
Wastes Ada
There will be a need for shifting program efforts from a small set
of high-polluting industries to the next ranking set as technology is
developed. In addition to the shifting of program emphasis, the over-
all program will be continued as a predominantly extramural program
(grants and contracts). The in-house program will remain relatively
small and concentrate on specific process gaps in grants and contracts
and on processes common to many industries.
This program is required as a basis for EPA's enforcement program.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
This program is structured to fulfill priority requirements identified
by the Regional Administrators.
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PROGRAM CODE: 322000: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - TRANSPORTATION SOURCES
OF WATER POLLUTION - RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION
(SPECIFICALLY 322102 AND 322103)
Objective
The objectives of this program area are to develop methods for:
e Controlling erosion from construction sites and pollution from
dredging spoils
o Catching and disposing of sediments from eroded construction
sites and dredged spoil piles
e Predicting the effect of any particular dredging system upon
the dredge spoil and the waters so as to be able to utilize the
best methods available.
Description
Present day practices during heavy construction projects cause severe
pollution problems. Stripping grass and trees from the earth leaves the
soil open to extremely high rates of erosion. It is estimated that 20,000
to ^0,000 times as much erosion takes place from such areas as compared
to the same site prior to the stripping of the top cover. The siltation
of downstream areas is a logical result of this erosion.
The program area is also concerned with control of water pollution
caused by deliberate disturbance of existing beds of water courses
and the disposal of any materials removed from the bed, except when such
activities are related to mineral extraction.
In one project involving a large construction site, work is being
jointly supported by the State, EPA, and the construction company (Levit
& Co.). This project should provide some of the information required to
allow State and local officials to plan and enforce local sediment ordinance
and laws.
Another project will attempt to determine the physical and chemical
effects of the consolidation of various dredged spoils on the surrounding
waters. This program effort will be carried out by NERC, Corvallis.
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PROGRAM CODE: 323100: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - AGRICULTURAL SOURCES OF
WATER POLLUTION - RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION
Objectives
Agricultural pollution (encompassing feedlot runoff, irrigation return
flows fertilizer and pesticide runoff from crop and forest lands, natural
runoff, aquaculture, land disposal of sludges and non-sewered rural
wastes) is not now a major factor in water quality degradation. The basic
objectives are to develop and demonstrate means to minimize the adverse
water quality impact of these sources by improved farm management prac-
tices, new or improved facilities or equipment, and new or refined tech-
nology in such areas as manure recycle, "trickle" irrigation systems,
new fertilizers, or related activities.
Description
In the area of forestry and logging, interest is directed at control
of fertilized forest runoff and log storage practices which will reduce
sediment and organic loading. Further interest is directed toward methods
of harvesting timber and controlling runoff from active logging areas.
The agricultural (cropland) runoff control program includes work
designed to develop and demonstrate management techniques, mathematical
modeling tools such as systems analysis, and improved cultural practices.
A number of watershed studies are under way to define not only the fate
and effect of many commonly used pesticides and herbicides, but also to
demonstrate and evaluate control measures. Among measures to be con-
sidered are foam applications of pesticides, physical structures for
runoff control, and improved cultivation practices. From these projects,
an array of guidelines, methods, and criteria will be formulated to aid
farmers in controlling the pesticide-, herbicide-, and fertilizer-carrying
sediment reaching water courses every year.
With ever-increasing loads of salinity causing extensive degradation
of such water courses as the Colorado River Basin, irrigation return flow
quality improvement and quantity reduction is of paramount importance.
Emphasis is being placed on:
o Canal lining
e Development and verification of computerized systems analyses of
irrigation water management practices
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o Development and demonstration of automatic control systems
for scheduling of water usage to result in minimum runoff
and percolation through soil profiles
o Defining the nature and extent of salinity problems
o Correlation of return flow improvement with those practices
implicated as beneficial
c Development of tailwater recycling to eliminate the discharges
e Demonstration of desalinization of return and recycle flows
where deemed necessary.
The programs in confined animal and poultry operations are designed
to eliminate damaging runoff by such means as:
o Full scale demonstrations of biological, chemical, and physical
treatment systems currently being developed
o Demonstration of land loading rates of treated wastes as a
pathway of recycle
o Waste conversion of dehydration, pyrolysis, and other suitable
techniques for by-prpduct recovery and nutrient refeeding as
another set of recycle pathways
c Development and demonstration of large animal production units
employing maximum reutilization of wastes and energy to meet
future demands
o Fate and effect studies and control or removal techniques of
feed additives (growth hormones and antibiotics).
Natural runoff from forested areas, mineral springs, and subsurface
mineral salt deposits has been recognized as a major source of sediment,
salt, and nutrients, (in some cases greater than 50 percent). Control
measures for these unheralded but awesomely large sources of water
pollution must be outlined and developed. A program has been initiated
in FY 1972 to develop and demonstrate biological degradation of sulfate-
bearing wastes from natural runoff.
Program Element Title Laboratory
323101 Forestry & Logging Corvallis , with
consultation from
U.S. Forest Ser-
vice and U.S.
Department of the
Interior
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Program Element
Title
Laboratory
323102
323103
32310^
323105
323107
Unnumbered
Unnumbered
Agricultural Run-Off
Irrigation Return Flows
Animal Feedlots
Non-Sewered Rural Wastes
Natural Run-Off
Sludge Disposal on Land
Aquaculture (fish farming)
Athens, with primary
cooperation from USDA
Ada, with primary
consultation and
cooperation from U.S.
Department of the Interior
Livestock at Ada,
poultry at Athens,
with primary coordination
from USDA
Athens; no program
at present
Ada, with primary
consultation from U.S.
Bureau of Mines; no
program at present
Ada and Athens, with
coordination from USDA
Athens, with consultation
from USDA and TVA
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PROGRAM CODE: 32^100: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - MINING SOURCES OF
WATER POLLUTION - RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION
Objectives
The objectives of the mining pollution control technology program
are to develop and demonstrate the necessary technology (including
procedures, techniques, methods, and systems) which may be required to
abate the present pollution caused by mining operations and abandoned
mining sites and to allow mining to be carried on in the future without
causing environmental degradation.
Description
Mining is the extraction of minerals or fuels from the earth, and
a mineral may be defined as any naturally occurring substance that is
neither vegetable or animal. For the purpose of describing this
research area, extraction is defined as the process of severing a mineral
or fuel from the earth to and including the crushing, grinding,
screening, and refuse separation steps necessary to produce a standard
saleable material.
Some form of mining is carried out in each of the 50 States, and
present levels of technology are not able to prevent environmental
degradation from occurring at most of these mining operations. Because
mining causes long-term—almost permanent—degradation of the environment,
it is urgent that the technology needed for control and prevention be
developed and demonstrated at the earliest possible time.
The present mining pollution control technology program is based on
technology development and demonstration using grants and contracts
under Sections 5 and 6 and field level demonstration of these developed
methods and techniques through grants to the States under Section Ik of
the appropriate act.
The several segments of the mining pollution control technology
program are based in three of our laboratories. Mine Drainage. (32^101)—
which deals principally with drainage from coal mines — is centered in
Cincinnati. Oil Production (32^102), Oil Shale (32^103), and Other
Mining Sources (32U10U) are centered in Ada. Phosphate Mining (32^105) is
centered in Athens.
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PROGRAM CODE: 328201: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - MULTIPLE SOURCES
OF WATER POLLUTION - RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION -
MULTIPLE SOURCES - EUTROPHICATION AND LAKE RESTORATION
Objective
The objective is to develop and demonstrate eutrophication"control
and lake restoration procedures including:
e Development of technology to control and reverse the eutrophi-
cation process
e Development of methods for characterizing the degree of eutro-
phication in bodies of water and for predicting the impact of
nutrient sources on the eutrophication of natural waters
e Demonstration of restoration of eutrophic lakes.
Description
Field and laboratory studies are conducted to describe the relation
between nutrient types and amounts versus the algal responses produced.
Methods for and measurements of nutrient cycles among water, biota, and
sediment, and numbers and distribution of algal populations are developed
and applied. Mathematical models for predicting the effects of nutrients
are developed.
Methods and technology are developed and tested to control the eutro-
phication process and to restore eutrophic lakes, including removal of
accumulated nutrients by harvesting algae and weeds, enhancement of
oxidative processes by aeration, chemical precipitation of nutrients from
the water, and removal of nutrient rich bottom sediments.
The Corvallis laboratory carries out this research effort.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
This program interacts with the Office of Water Programs in relation
to nutrient pollution abatement activities, as well as with Regional
Offices having eutrophication problems.
The nutrient cycling work under this program closely relates to the
pollutant cycling work done under the J>1QJ>Q1, JlOJOk, and J28203 programs
at Athens, Grosse lie, and Ada.
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Constraints
The Water Quality Act of 1970 explicitly identifies "clean lakes"
and eutrophication research, and supplemental funding was obtained in FY
1971 for this program. Pending legislation would increase the support
for eutrophication work and greatly attenuate the restriction for con-
ducting only research; that is, it would allow applications to nutrient
polluted lakes.
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PROGRAM CODE: 328202: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - MULTIPLE
SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION - RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND
DEMONSTRATION - MULTIPLE SOURCES - COLD CLIMATE
Objective
The objective is to provide the basis for establishment of equitable
and effective water quality criteria requirements and the tools (design
information) to meet these water quality criteria requirements in cold
climates.
Description
Unlike other parts of the Nation, Alaska water quality conditions
(baseline) as they now exist are largely unknown. The tolerances of
Arctic aquatic species to various forms of man-induced pollution are not
well known and, in many cases, completely unknown. This makes water
quality criteria difficult, if not impossible, to set. The Cold Climate
Research Program provides the scientific basis for establishing these
criteria. Waste treatment systems for Arctic application capable of
handling practically any waste that man might introduce must be developed
to provide any level of treatment up to that required for direct reuse.
The Alaska laboratory is presently carrying out this program.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
This program interacts with all other EPA research and development
programs. The program evaluates all environmental parameters in relation
to extremely low temperatures.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Liaison is maintained with all Federal agencies with activities in
Alaska and with appropriate State agencies.
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PROGRAM CODE: 328200: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - MULTIPLE SOURCES OF
WATER POLLUTION - RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION -
MULTIPLE SOURCES (SPECIFICALLY 328203 AND 32820U)
Objective
This program is to develop and demonstrate technology for the improve-
ment of water quality by means other than conventional wastewater treat-
ment. This includes, but is not limited to:
o Research on methods of modifying environmental conditions to
minimize or reduce pollutional effects
e Changes in product technology to eliminate or reduce pollutants
o Techniques cf managing waste discharges and their receiving
waters to minimize pollutional effects
o Utilization of soil for the treatment of liquid wastes and
sludge.
Description
The activities of the program are divided into four areas according
to common methodology and objectives:
Environmental Control Technology. Research seeks to provide the tech-
nology to minimize or reduce pollutional effects through modification
of environmental conditions such as in-stream aeration, reservoir
destratification, biological manipulation, iri situ chemical treatment,
and control of pollution from bottom sediments. Also under investigation
are methodologies for minimizing pollutional effects by managing waste
discharges or their receiving waters, by, for example, dispersion, detention,
diversion, dilution, or flow regulation.
Product Control Technology. Research is related to control of the
development of phosphorus-free, detergents to reduce phosphorus pol-
lution.
Soil Treatment Technology. Research and development relates to
utilization of soils for the treatment of liquid wastes and sludges.
Research includes the adaptability of different soil systems to the
treatment of various wastes, microbiological processes involving
soil bacteria, physical-chemical interactions of pollutants with
soils, development of the concepts of soil-sludge interactions, and
development of design and operating criteria for practical applica-
tion.
A-III-26
-------
Biological Control Technology. Research is directed to development
of treatment applications, environmental management, and ecological
technology. This includes the development of nonconventional bio-
logical mechanisms for treatment of point-source pollutants, devel-
opment of regulatory mechanisms to achieve a greater measure of
control of the aquatic food chain to diminish the adverse effects
of non-point-source pollutants, and development of ecological tech-
nology to maximize protection and utilization of aquatic resources.
This program area is centered at Corvallis and Ada.
*•
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Major interactions of this program are with the Office of Air and
Water Programs in relation to treatment technology and with the Office
of Enforcement and General Counsel in relation to pollution abatement
activities.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Primary liaison is maintained with the Corps of Engineers and USDA.
A-III-27
-------
SUMMARY OF RESOURCES
The attached resources tables include two major program increases
due to (l) a projected comprehensive Health Effects Research Program
and (2) the Water Pollution Control and Abatement Act now pending in
Congress.
The rationale for the Health Effects Program is essentially that
all research in EPA should be evaluated against one of two criteria,
(l) to provide health intelligence for regulatory action and (2) to
quantify health benefits of environmental control. The major national
environmental standards established by EPA have been principally based
on evidence that adverse health effects are associated with uncontrolled
pollution. Health intelligence provides EPA with inputs to select a
control strategy designed to minimize adverse health effects at an
exposure level which is socially acceptable and least costly. Having
instituted a control strategy, EPA can assess the benefits of the in-
curred costs by employing its health program to quantify health benefits
of environmental control. Such results allow EPA to evaluate control
actions and to make appropriate adjustments in control strategies in the
light of documented health benefits. This action will assure the public
that scarce resources are not wasted on misguided action programs that
achieve control but not the intended benefits.
In presenting EPA's rationale for health research, the prior
mentioned criteria were used to assess EPA's health research needs and
show what the present base program and an expanded program require. The
attached resources tables include this expanded program.
The proposed Water Pollution Control and Abatement Act, now before
Congress, requires an acceleration and expansion of continuing programs
for the prevention and abatement of water pollution. This includes
studies relating to the causes, effects, extent, prevention, and abate-
ment of water pollution as well as the treatment and control technology
for minimizing or eliminating water pollution.
This legislation specifically provides for programs for storm and
combined sewer pollution control, municipal pollution control, indus-
trial pollution control, joint municipal and industrial pollution con-
trol, agricultural pollution control, mine water pollution control and
oil and hazardous materials pollution control. The Act also provides
for the study of social and economic costs and benefits, health and
welfare effects, methods and procedures to identify and measure the
effects of pollutants, studies in connection with the control of pol-
lution of lakes, especially the Great Lakes, vessel pollution control,
A-III-28
-------
pesticides pollution control, and methods of reducing the total flow of
sewage. Finally, the Act requires programs for pollution control in
rural and other areas where collection of sewage by conventional tech-
niques is infeasible, such as an Alaskan Village water and sewage
demonstration program.
Table A-5a shows the present base programs, not including the pro-
grams which would result from the proposed Water Pollution Control Abate-
ment Act. Table A-Jb shows the present base programs plus the additional
resources required to respond to the proposed Act.
A-III-29
-------
TABLE A-3a
LABORATORY RESOURCES - OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND MONITORING
(excluding pending water legislation)
NERC, CORVALLIS, OREG.
Program Code - Facility
310204 -
310206 -
310206 -
310209 -
310301 -
310302 -
310303 -
310304 -
310401 -
310403 -
321101 -
321102
321103 -
321104 -
321105 -
321106
321107 -
321108 -
321109 -
321110 -
321111 -
Corvallis, Oreg.
Corvallis, Oreg.
Duluth, Minn.
Narragansett, R.I.
Athens, Ga.
Ada, Okla.
Corvallis, Oreg.
Grosse lie, Mich.
Athens, Ga.
Athens, Ga.
Grosse lie, Mich
Athens, Ga.
Ada, Okla.
Corvallis, Oreg.
Corvallis, Oreg.
Ada, Okla.
Corvallis, Oreg.
Athens, Ga.
Ada, Okla.
Corvallis, Oreg.
Corvallis, Oreg.
Athens, Ga.
Corvallis, Oreg.
Corvallis, Oreg.
221119 [Athens, Ga.
321113
Ada, Okla.
Athens, Ga.
|Ada, OKia.
322102 -jcorvallis, Oreg.
322103 -ICorvallis, Oreg.
FY72
$1000
0
313
4383
4452
856
378
1485
1028
429
458
290
883
75
626.7
175
871.1
0
50
511.4
100
0
278
703.4
204
200
M/Y
0
5
70
54
15
9
15
7
11
8
3
5
0
5
1
14
0
0
1
0
0
4
4
3
2
FY73
$1000
100
304
4036
3865
1000
450
1650
1150
473
625
365
1025
250
700
375
775
150
250
700
125
150
325
858
175
125
M/Y
2
6
76
59
15
9
15
7
12
9
3
5
0
5
1
14
0
0
1
0
0
4
4
3
2
FY74
$1000
170
6743
4524
1100
1470
4225
2900
497
700
402
1128
263
770
394
853
158
263
735
131
158
358
944
184
131
M/Y
4
90
64
21
15
21
12
12
10
3
5
0
5
1
15
0
0
1
0
0
4
4
3
2
FY75
$1000
200
7828
5183
1250
2222
6300
2300
521
775
442
1240
276
847
413
938
165
276
772
138
165
393
1038
193
138
M/Y
5
97
70
24
20
24
15
12
11
3
6
0
6
1
15
0
0
1
0
0
4
4
3
2
FY76
$1000
200
8913
5842
1400
2850
8185
2400
548
850
486
1364
289
932
434
1032
174
289
810
145
174
433
1142
203
145
M/Y
5
105
76
27
25
27
20
12
12
3
6
0
6
1
16
0
0
1
0
0
5
5
3
2
FY77
$1000
200
10,000
6500
1600
3375
9700
2500
575
925
534
1500
304
1025
456
1135
182
304
851
152
182
476
1256
213
152
M/Y
5
112
81
30
30
30
25
12
13
4
6
0
6
1
17
0
0
1
0
0
5
5
3
2
I
H
H
H
-------
TABLE A-3a (continued)
Program Code - Facility
323101 - Corvallis, Oreg.
323102 - Athens, Ga.
323103 - Ada, Okla.
323104 1 .* -
1 AQ3.} UKJ.3*
323106 - Corvallis, Oreg.
324105 - Athens, Ga.
328201 - Corvallis, Oreg.
328202 - College, Alaska
328203 - Ada, Okla.
328204 - Corvallis, Oreg.
510102 - Gulf Breeze, Fla.
110202 - Corvallis, Oreg.
310209 Is* Cal±f- (Proposed)
1 Gulf 'Breeze, Fla.
972331 Narragansett, R.I.
972342 Athens, Ga.
972332 Duluth, Minn.
972343 Ada, Okla.
972344 Corvallis, Oreg.
972345 College, Alaska
972352 Gulf Breeze, Fla.
FY72
$1000
100
406.3
1105
1132.5
0
222
2101
1019
1004
674
723.7
—
440
388
378
404
210
91
56
M/Y
0
2
3
6
0
1
18
12
11
8
34
— —
22
16
21
17
25
4
4
FY73
$1000
100
403
1025
1075
133.2
22
2658
1022.3
1001
1494.4
1100
2000
250
462
407
397
424
625
96
59
M/Y
0
2
3
6
0
1
21
12
11
8
40
10
1
22
16
21
17
25
4
4
FY74
$1000
105
423
1076
1182
140
222
4400
1073
1050
4100
1325
750
2000
500
485
428
417
445
840
100
62
M/Y
0
2
3
6
0
1
23
12
11
19
48
12
10
2
22
16
21
17
28
4
4
FY75
$1000
110
444
1130
1301
147
233
6325
1127
1103
5600
1600
1000
2000
750
509
449
438
468
930
105
65
M/Y
0
2
3
7
0
1
25
12
11
19
58
13
10
3
22
16
21
17
31
4
4
FY76
$1000
116
467
1187
1431
154
245
8185
1183
1158
7600
1700
1000
2000
1000
535
472
459
491
1020
111
68
M/Y
0
2
3
7
0
1
27
12
11
19
60
14
10
3
22
16
21
17
34
4
4
FY77
$1000
122
490
1246
1574
162
257
9635
1243
1216
7600
2100
1000
2000
1500
562
495
482
516
1110
116
71
M/Y
0
2
3
7
0
1
27
12
11
19
72
15
10
3
22
16
21
17
37
4
4
H
H
H
H
-------
TABLE A-3b
LABORATORY RESOURCES - OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND MONITORING
(including pending water legislation)
NERC, CORVALLIS, OREG.
Program Code -
310204 -
310206 -
310206 -
310209 -
310301 -
310302 -
310303 -
310304 -
310401 -
310403 -
321101 -
321102
321103 -
321104 -
321105 -
321106
321107 -
321108 -
321109 -
321110 -
321111 -
Facility
Corvallis, Oreg.
Corvallis, -Oreg.
Duluth, Minn.
Narragansett, R.I.
Athens , Ga .
Ada, Okla.
Corvallis, Oreg.
Grosse lie,
Athens, Ga.
Athens, Ga.
Grosse lie,
Athens, Ga.
Ada, Okla.
Mich
Mich
Corvallis, Oreg.
Corvallis, Oreg.
Ada, Okla.
Corvallis, Oreg.
Athens, Ga.
Ada, Okla.
Corvallis, Oreg.
Corvallis, Oreg.
Athens, Ga.
Corvallis, Oreg.
Corvallis, Oreg.
321112 lAthens.'.Ga-
321113
322102 -
322103 -
(Ada, Okla.
Athens , Ga .
Ada, Okla.
Corvallis, Oreg.
Corvallis, Oreg.
FY72
$1000
313
4383
4452
856
378
1485
1028
429
458
290
883
75
626.7
175
871.1
0
50
511.4
100
278
703.4
204
200
M/Y
5
7
54
15
9
15
7
11
8
3
5
0
5
1
14
0
0
1
0
4
4
3
2
FY73
$1000
100
604
8586
7500
1950
1475
5450
2900
873
925
1365
2575
500
2550
1450
3600
600
1200
2400
500
600
1200
2092
175
125
M/Y
2
16
112
97
30
14
30
12
22
15
23
20
3
35
8
50
5
12
6
5
3
12
14
3
2
FY74
$1000
1170
10,496
10,000
2650
2625
7200
3000
997
1050
1402
3422
700
3600
2100
5200
850
1750
3400
700
850
1700
2456
184
131
M/Y
7
132
102
34
20
60
15
24
17
28
25
3
36
10
52
6
15
7
7
3
16
16
3
2
FY75
$1000
1200
11,025
10,000
3800
2850
9310
3100
1021
1175
2442
4260
902
4750
2695
6800
1150
2250
4600
900
1150
2300
2662
193
138
M/Y
8
133
109
34
25
72
20
25
20
30
28
4
44
11
65
7
18
10
9
5
17
19
3
2
FY76
$1000
1200
11,576
10,094
4600
3375
11,010
3200
998
1150
2286
3286
850
4450
2550
6350
1050
2100
4250
850
1050
2100
2758
203
145
M/Y
8
130
118
42
30
82
25
25
21
30
31
4
44
12
66
7
18
10
9
5
16
20
3
2
FY77
$1000
1200
12,149
10,000
4800
3500
11,200
3300
975
1125
2034
3050
750
3900
2252
5600
925
1850
4700
750
925
1860
2494
213
152
M/Y
8
133
118
50
33
90
28
25
22
31
31
4
44
12
69
7
18
10
9
6
16
20
3
2
I
H
H
H
ro
-------
TABLE A-3b (continued)
Program Code -
Facility
323101 - Corvallis, Oreg.
323102 - Athens, Ga.
323103 - Ada, Okla.
323104 1 Athens, Ga.
lAda, Okla.
323106 - Corvallis, Oreg.
324105 - Athens, Ga.
328201 - Corvallis, Oreg.
328202 - College, Alaska
328203 - Ada, Okla.
328204 - Corvallis, Oreg.
510102 - Gulf Breeze
, Fla.
110202 - Corvallis, Oreg.
310209 1^' Calif. (Proposed)
iGulf Breeze, Fla.
972331 - Narragansett, R.I.
972342 - Athens, Ga.
972332 - Duluth, Minn.
972343 - Ada, Okla.
972344 - Corvallis, Oreg.
972345 - College, Alaska
972352 - Gulf Breeze
, Fla.
FY72
$1000
100
406.3
1105
1132.5
222
2101
1019
1004
674
723.7
440
388
378
404
210
91
56
M/Y
0
2
3
6
1
18
12
11
8
34
22
16
21
17
25
4
4
FY73
$1000
400
1853
4525
6575
533.2
22
2658
2022.3
3001
2800.4
1400
2000
250
462
407
397
424
625
96
59
M/Y
6
20
15
26
2
1
21
16
21
9
40
10
1
22
16
21
17
25
4
4
FY74
$1000
605
2423
7076
7182
2140
222
4400
873
4050
4100
1725
750
2000
500
485
428
417
445
840
100
62
M/Y
6
20
15
26
2
1
23
12
26
19
48
12
10
2
22
16
21
17
28
4
4
FY75
$1000
1110
5444
5630
6801
3147
233
6325
827
4103
5600
2100
1000
2000
750
509
449
438
468
930
105
65
M/Y
6
20
15
27
2
1
25
12
26
19
58
13
10
3
22
16
21
17
31
4
4
FY76
$1000
1116
5467
5687
6931
3154
245
8185
683
3158
7600
2200
1000
2000
1000
535
472
459
491
1020
111
68
M/Y
6
20
15
27
2
1
27
10
26
19
60
14
10
3
22
16
21
17
34
4
4
FY77
$1000
1122
5490
5746
7074
3162
257
9635
543
2216
7600
2600
1000
2000
1500
562
495
482
516
1110
116
71
M/Y
6
20
15
27
2
1
27
9
21
19
72
15
10
3
22
16
21
17
37
4
4
1
H
H
H
-------
SECTION IV: WESTERN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY
(LAS VEGAS, NEV.)
The principal mission of the Western Environmental Research Labora-
tory (WERL), Las Vegas, Nev., is to study and assess the impact of
pollutants as they move and are transferred in the environment; emphasis
is on pathways to man. The laboratory effort is especially directed
towards those studies which elucidate the processes, physical, chemical,
and biological, by which pollutants are transported through the biosphere
to man as the receptor. Research is also directed towards counter-
measures which can prevent or minimize potential adverse effects. Some
of WERL's activities are supervised by the Office of Categorical Programs
(see Appendix B).
Monitoring efforts at WERL include providing aerial remote sensing
and sampling in cooperation with the NERC's and Regional Offices for
water pollution source identification, terrestrial evaluation, and air
pollution sampling and tracking. WERL is also responsible for the opera-
tional conduct of the National Eutrophication Study field survey
involving approximately 1,000 lakes across the United States. WERL
maintains long term continuous monitoring networks in the western United
States in connection with AEC nuclear testing activities, conducts
special investigations such as the uranium mill tailings study in western
states, and surveys nuclear facilities located across the country.
The elements entitled The Studies of Radiation Effects and Radiation
Pathways call for lab and field investigations to ascertain the potential
hazard from selected radionuclides that might be released to the environ-
ment from nuclear testing activities, weapons fabrication, and other
nuclear sources. An animal farm is maintained to permit studies of the
nature of the exposure and subsequent ingestion of radionuclides by
selected animal species. Studies of the metabolism of such radionuclides
is especially considered. Soil-plant relationships in the transport of
radionuclides to animals and man are examined.
Laboratory analogs to the ecosystem are established for controlled
experimentation of the source transport processes found in nature.
Emphasis is placed on those specific nuclides such as tritium and plu-
tonium which are of the greatest current and future possible concern to
A-IV-1
-------
man. Beginning in FY73> new studies will be started on environmental
transport processes of chemical pollutants, in addition to on-going
research in the field of radiation. These new studies will also be an
extension of investigations concerned with the effects of environmental
stressors upon the terrestrial ecosystem.
The new programs would interface with studies at KERC-RTP and
NERC-Corvallis.
A-IV-2
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 32610A: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - OIL AND HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS SPILLS - RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION -
OIL AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SPILL
Objective
The objective is to provide emergency response to support the Oil
and Hazardous Materials Division, Office of Air and Water Programs, in
monitoring and evaluation of hazardous polluting substances in water-
courses on a nationwide basis.
Description
The Water Quality Improvement Act of 1970, Section 12, specifically
directs EPA to designate as hazardous substances, other than oil as
defined in Section 11 of the Act, such elements and compounds, which,
when discharged in any quantity into or upon the navigable waters of
the United States or adjoining shorelines, or the waters of the contiguous
zone, present an imminent and substantial danger to the public health or
welfare, including, but not limited to, fish, shellfish, wildlife, shore-
lines, and beaches; and establish, if appropriate, recommended methods
and means for the removal of such substances.
.Using a C-12J aircraft, a specialized team of WERL personnel will
be prepared to fly, with field equipment (including boats or ground
vehicles) and a mobile laboratory, to oil and hazardous spill locations
to assess rapidly the situation so that effective control or corrective
measures can be taken. .Aerial remote sensing techniques would be used
to identify extent of spills, and ground teams would be deployed to col-
lect samples and make direct measurements of the polluting substance.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
There is operational response to the Oil and Hazardous Materials
Division, and interplay with all Regional Offices.
A-IV-3
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 328206: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - MULTIPLE SOURCES OF
WATER POLLUTION - RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION -
MULTIPLE SOURCES - LAKE SURVEY
Objectives
EPA has been assigned responsibilities for developing and demonstra-
ting eutrophication control and restoration procedures including:
e Development of technology to control and reverse the
eutrophication process
e Development of methods for characterizing the degree of
eutrophication in bodies of water and for predicting the
impact of nutrient sources on the eutrophication of natural
waters
o Demonstration of restoration of eutrophic lakes.
In order to determine the extent of the lake eutrophication problem
throughout the United States, WERL will survey approximately 1,000 lakes
across the United States which receive sewage treatment plant effluents
to gather data on various physical and chemical parameters relating to
lake eutrophication.
Description
Field teams using amphibious aircraft will collect remote sensing
data (using differential radiometers) over each lake identifying
chlorophyll si content. Samples will be collected and measurements made
of dissolved oxygen, turbidity, conductivity, temperature, and pH.
Immediate analysis will be made in a mobile field laboratory and the
samples then sent to WERL for further nutrient analyses. Data will be
processed at the WERL for STORET storage and forwarding to the NERC-
Corvallis for nutrient balance and control measure analyses.
Relationahip to Other EPA Programs
This program will be coordinated closely with NERC-Corvallis which
has responsibility of identifying lakes to be surveyed and for ultimate
data evaluation. Interaction with the Office of Water Programs and
Regional Offices will also be necessary in making the field surveys.
A-IV-k
-------
PROGRAM CODE: unassigned: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - MULTIPLE SOURCES OF
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION - EPA AERIAL MONITORING PROGRAM
Objective
The surveillance and enforcement responsibilities of EPA require
that environmental pollutants from a number of sources be rapidly
identified and evaluated. In addition, the pollutants must be identified
by source in order to assign responsibility for the pollution. Aerial
surveillance provides the flexibility to perform both source-oriented
and area surveillance in the most timely manner. The equipment used
has application in air, water, and terrestrial surveillance, allowing
economy in equipping surveillance aircraft and centralization of an
aerial surveillance facility to serve all disciplines. WERL will pro-
vide, on a national basis, aerial remote sensing, sampling, and detection
support to EPA Regional Offices, NERC's and other program offices for pol-
lution source identification, monitoring, and documentation.
Description
The proposed project will provide the aircraft and instrumentation
capability to perform surveillance of air, water, and terrestrial pol-
lutants including radioactive, toxic, noxious, and thermal wastes. This
surveillance will incorporate direct aerial measurement on a real-time
basis while flying through contaminated air masses, remote passive
measurements of pollutants in all three media using multispectral
scanning and aerial photography, active remote measurement using micro-
wave scanning and tuneable laser LIDAR, and collection of pertinent
samples. Helicopter capability will be added to the current fixed wing
aircraft capability to permit acquiring extensive ground truth and sea
truth measurements and samples concurrently with remote sensing data
acquisition.
Using aircraft and techniques of aerial sampling and contaminant
detection, WERL will perform monitoring activities and collect necessary
environmental samples for the assessment of existing and potential pollution
problem areas as required. Data will be analyzed and reported on a rapid
basis so that indicated corrective or enforcement action can be taken.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
There is operational response and interplay with all Regional Offices,
NERC's, Office of Categorical Programs, Office of Air and Water Programs,
and Office of Enforcement and General Counsel.
A-IV-5
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PROGRAM CODE: 610202: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - RADIATION - RESEARCH -
RADIATION EFFECTS - EXPERIMENTAL RADIONUCLIDE STUDIES
Objectives
The objectives of this program are to determine some of the environ-
mental characteristics and biological effects of a wide spectrum of
important radionuclides such as tritium, plutonium, and transuranic
elements that are actual or potential environmental contaminants.
It is essential to have a productive, mission-oriented radionuclide
research program of broad scope in order to assist EPA in setting
Environmental Radiation Standards. Basic scientific information is
needed to indicate types of effects to be expected from various levels
of radionuclides in the environment.
Description
Attempts to attain these objectives will be pursued primarily through
definition of the dose-effect relationships of low-levels of environmental
radiation in a variety of animal species, with long-term observation
of exposed animals for radiation-induced teratogenesis, carcinogenesis,
and mutagenesis.
The results of this program will be a series of reports on the
biological and physicochemical effects of specific environmental
radionuclides on various stages of the ecosystem.
Relationship to EPA Programs
The efforts of this program would require coordination with, and
provide information of value to, the Office of Radiation Programs and
the Office of Air Programs for tritium, plutonium, and the transuranic
elements.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Extramural relationships of this program should involve: AEC -
Division of Biology and Medicine and Division of Operational Safety,
NASA, National Institutes of Health, and State fish and game agencies.
A-IV-6
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PROGRAM CODE: 6l020k: EWIROWMENTAL STANDARDS - RADIATION - RESEARCH -
RADIATION EFFECTS - MULTIPLE ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS STUDIES
Objectives
The objectives are:
e To determine synergistic effects of various combinations
of pollutants, such as lung exposure to sub-carcinogenic alpha
radiation when combined with cigarette smoking. Is it more
carcinogenic than cigarette smoking alone?.
e To determine the effect of the normal radionuclide content
of tobacco on lung carcinogenesis.
Description
Laboratory experiments have investigated a possible synergism between
the inhalation of cigarette smoke, which contains tar products, and
alpha radiation as a result of the presence of naturally occurring
polonium-210 in tobacco. Other possible synergisms such as radiation
and pesticides, radiation and atmospheric gaseous pollutants, and other
combinations will be investigated in a similar manner. Rats are used
as-the smoking animal, and the inhalation continues until the animals
die of natural causes. The development of cancer is the end point.
The significance of these studies is beyond the health effects of smoking
because the combination of a chemical carcinogen and radiation .occurs
in the uranium mines and certain studies.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Coordination with,the Office of Radiation Programs will assist that
program to establish appropriate standards for uranium miners.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
This program is closely related with ongoing health effect research
at NERC-RTP.
A-IV-T
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PROGRAM CODE: 610205: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - RADIATION - RESEARCH -
RADIATION EFFECTS - AEC RADIATION EFFECTS PROGRAM
Objectives
The objective is to assess potential hazard to humans and the
environment resulting from nuclear weapons testing.
Description
The potential hazards from selected radionuclides such as might be
released to the environment from nuclear sources (for example, testing
activities and nuclear reactors) are investigated in the laboratory and
in the field. Radionuclide metabolism in beef and dairy animals and in
plants, soil-plant relationships, transport and deposition parameters,
and analytical methodology development are included in this project.
Research studies conducted under this project serve to provide data
of current interest to the AEC nuclear testing program at the Nevada
Test Site. Establishment of testing criteria and radiation protection
standards requires the understanding of the behavior of selected radio-
nuclides in man's food chain and in his environment. The environmental
impact of certain long-lived radionuclides, such as plutonium, requires
particular attention as the dose commitment assumes significant importance
as the short-lived species become less prevalent. The laboratory green-
house facilities, microplots, and farm and dairy facilities are used in
this project.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Results will have concurrent application to air pollution, water
pollution, and radiation programs. Coordination with the WERL Off-
Site Radiological Safety Program is required.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Coordination will be required with the Nevada Applied Ecology Group
and the Office of Effects Evaluation, Nevada Operations Office, AEC.
A-IV-8
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PROGRAM CODE: 610301: EWIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - RESEARCH -
ENVIRONMENTAL INTERACTIONS - RADIATION PATHWAY STUDIES
Objectives
This program will investigate, through field and laboratory research,
the behavior, movement, and fate of radionuclides in the aquatic,
terrestrial, and air environments for the purpose of assessing the
radiation dose to man.
Description
Laboratory studies will investigate pathways by which radionuclides
such as 2?9pu, 55pe, ^-29i, and tritium move through the environment to
man. These investigations will deal primarily with metabolic studies
concerned with uptake of select radionuclides by specific environmental
media, particularly living organisms.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Since the program on radiation pathway studies deals primarily
with behavior of radioactive materials in the aquatic, terrestrial, and
air environments, coordination with the Office of Air and Water Programs
will be required where radiation exposure to man is of concern.
Coordination with the Office of Radiation Programs will assist in
identifying problem areas in which research is required and will also
permit appropriate research data to be used in defining radiation standards.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Coordination may also be required with State agencies concerned with
environmental radiation matter as well as with Federal and private organi-
zations. Currently, coordination has "been identified with the following:
DREW (PHS hospitals), for samples of human tissue to be used in
determining isotope effect of tritium
USDA (Forest Service) and Department of the Interior (Bureau of
Land Management), for guidance in conducting soil plant uptake
studies to assess concentration of radionuclides in plants
A-IV-9
-------
AEG, for assistance and coordination of field studies conducted at
AEG nuclear power installations and other related facilities such
as fuel reprocessing plants
State and Federal fish and game agencies, for any coordination
required in conducting uptake studies involving aquatic and
terrestrial wildlife
Baylor College of Medicine, for follow-up studies on excretion of
tritium by patients who received tritiated compounds in support
of laboratory studies on the behavior of tritium in humans.
A-IV-10
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PROGRAM CODE: 610J502: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - RADIATION - RESEARCH -
ENVIRONMENTAL INTERACTIONS - AEG ANIMAL INVESTIGATION PROGRAM
Objectives
The over-all objective is to evaluate the uptake and distribution of
radionuclides in tissue and bone samples from domestic and game animals
in the environs of nuclear testing and to investigate claims of radiation
damage to animals. Special objectives include:
o Determination of tissue concentration of fresh or aged fission
and activation products in bovine and wildlife which range on
and around the Nevada Test Site
o Evaluation of migration patterns of wild animals on the Nevada
Test Site as related to environmental parameters, for example,
season precipitation
c Evaluation of radiation effect on beef animals grazing at the
Nevada Test Site.
Description
The radionuclide distribution in animals that are potential components
of man's food chain will be studied. Alleged damage to domestic animals
from AEC activities will be investigated.
AEG is continually subjected to allegations of radiation injury to
animals as a result of testing activities. Veterinary services are
provided in this project to investigate those claims. In addition, sur-
veillance of domestic and game animals in areas adjacent to nuclear testing
sites for a variety of radionuclides is required to provide information
on the uptake and distribution of certain radionuclides in animals and to
serve as input into nuclear design and testing criteria.
Bovine samples are collected from the beef herd ranging on the Nevada
Test Site as well as from animals purchased from ranchers in the near off-
site areas. Mule deer are sampled from periodic hunts as are other species,
for example, doves, chukar, ducks, and an occasional road kill of such
animals as desert bighorn sheep.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Results will have concurrent application to air pollution, water
pollution, and radiation effects programs. Coordination with the State
fish and game agencies and the WERL Off-Site Radiological Surveillance
Program will be required.
A-IV-11
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Interaction with Other Laboratories
Coordination is required with the Office of Effects Evaluation,
Nevada Operations Office, AEG.
A-IV-12
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SUMMARY OF RESOURCES
The following table summarizes the projected resources (man-years
and dollars) for programs at WERL. This is the base program; pending
legislation, such as the Water Pollution Control and Abatement Act
now before Congress, should have little immediate effect on the pro-
grams at WERE, and thus only one summary table Is presented.
A-IV-1J
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TABLE A-4
LABORATORY RESOURCES - OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND MONITORING
WERL, LAS VEGAS, NEV.
Program Code
110202
32610A
328206
610202
6102 ok
610301
6l0205GP5a
6l0302GP5a
Aerial Surveillance
972362
New research programs
FY72
$1000 M/Y
218 6
628.5 10
68 2
88 3
232 11
380 23
65 1*
—
680 20
150 7
FY73
$1000 M/Y
500 10
530 15
806 23
67 4
107 6
378 12
131 3
44 2
300 10
750 22
1457 4l
FY74
$1000 M/Y
975 12
560 15
391 18
108 5
203 6
517 13
144 3
48 2
287 10
840 23
2280 46
FY75
$1000 M/Y
1300 13
592 15
200 10
125 6
220 8
542 13
158 3
50 2
297 10
870 24
2408 49
FY76
$1000 M/Y
1300 14
625 15
210 10
130 7
218 9
569 14
174 3
52 2
307 10
900 25
2600 54
FY77
$1000 M/Y
1300 15
660 15
220 10
134 8
226 11
596 15
191 3
55 2
317 10
930 25
2740 59
Reimbursable programs - funded by AEG
Program elements to be assigned
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APPENDIX B
Office of Categorical Programs
-------
The Office of Categorical Programs (OOP) has laboratory- respon-
sibilities in pesticides, solid wastes, and radiation. These respon-
sibilities are discussed by program code numbers. The resource require-
ments for each, in terms of dollars and man-years for fiscal 1972
through 1977, are grouped at the end of the appendix.
B-l
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Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Major interactions of the laboratory portion of this program are
with the Office of Research and Monitoring, especially Perrine Primate
Laboratory and Chamblee Toxicology Laboratory for counsel in analytical
methodology.
Constraints
Petitions have a statutory time limit that provides for up to 15
days to determine acceptability for filing, up to 60 days from filing
to determine usefulness of the pesticide for the purpose proposed, and
up to 90 days from the certification of usefulness to take final action.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
All methods of residue determination must "be validated in two
laboratories. One laboratory is in the Office of Pesticides Programs
and the other is any one of the many FDA regional laboratories. These
labs are used since FDA has responsibility for surveillance and enforce-
ment of pesticide residue tolerances.
B-I-2
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PROGRAM CODE: 521^02: ABATEMENT AMD CONTROL-PESTICIDES-PRODUCT
SURVEILLANCE-SAMPLE ANALYSIS
Objectives
The objectives are to test and report on surveillance product samples
on a current basis, to develop new or improved test methods, and to re-
examine methodology related to renewal registrations.
Description
Section 6 of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
for FY 1972, plus Sections 3 through 7 of the proposed Federal Environ-
mental Pesticide Control Act of 1971 for fiscal years 1973-77, indicate a
need to develop conclusive evidence on content safety, and effectiveness of
pesticide products as the basis for regulatory actions under these Acts.
At the present time the content of active ingredient is determined on
approximately 6,000 officially-collected samples annually. About 35 percent
of the samples are screened for pesticide contaminants such as chlorinated
hydrocarbon pesticides like DDT and dieldrin, and organophosphorus pesticides
like malathion and parathion. Screening for other toxic contaminants such
as arsenic, mercury, and dioxins will be increased when methodology is de-
veloped. These analyses are carried out in five chemistry laboratories
located in Beltsville, Md. (Region III), New York, N.Y. (Region II), Gulfport,
Miss. (Region IV), Denver, Colo. (Region VIIl), and San Francisco, Calif.
(Region EC).
Present safety testing is confined to mammalian toxicity. About 15
percent (l, 000) of samples collected are tested, and most of these only
on oral toxicity screening tests. Biological effectiveness testing takes
30 percent of present samples collected. Major areas of pesticide prod-
ucts are not tested at all, can no longer be tested (due to limitations
in personnel and laboratories), or are only in the methods development
stages: animal repellents, invertebrate controls, livestock insecticides,
stored-product insecticides, crop insecticides, plant regulators, nemati-
cides, and viricides. This work is carried out at Beltsville, Md. (animal
biology, plant biology, entomology, microbiology, and pharmacology) and
Corvallis, Oreg. (plant biology) (Region X).
Samples analyzed and tested are from batches offered to the public.
Analytical and test data on samples are important to prevent injury to
humans and other organisms in the environment. Laboratory evidence will
also prevent use of ineffective products which might result in severe
disease infestations and epidemics, unsafe living conditions, crop fail-
ures, food shortages, unsaleable food products, and other undesirable
situations.
B-I-3
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Reports of tests and analytical results are the basis for determin-
ing product compliance with existing Federal regulations. Results are
used as evidence to institute civil or criminal proceedings and notices
of warning. New and improved methods for product testing and analysis
will be developed concerning such areas as safety to man, animals, and
plants; illegal residues; minimum dosage rates for safe and effective
usage; and environmental contamination. Research information supports
registration and enforcement decisions.
Priorities
The priority of this program is 1.1.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Interaction with Office of Research and Monitoring will be critical
on: residue toxicology; effects studies on human exposure, crops, and
plant life; pesticide degradation as related to residue profile studies of
the soil, estuarine and marine organisms, occupational groups, and urban
and rural communities. The needs developing from label reviews, toler-
ance setting, and administrative actions on marketed pesticides will re-
quire complementary studies and input to monitoring studies.
Constraints
The possible transfer of four of the chemistry labs to Regions II,
IV, VIII, and DC could change growth figures. The physical move of the
chemistry laboratory from Gulfport to the Mississippi Test Facility in
Bay St. Louis will put this lab into a location with good expansion po-
tential.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
These laboratories provide assistance to State and local organi-
zations wherever possible in support of accident investigations and
other problems involving pesticides.
B-I-4
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PROGRAM CODE: 510502: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS-PESTICIDES-ENVIRON-
MENTAL SURVEILLANCE-RESIDUE PROFILES
Objectives
The objectives are to determine levels, trends, and other character-
istics of pesticides, heavy metals, and other related material in soils of
major land use areas and major urban areas, in crops grown on these soils,
and other related environmental media; and to continue under current author-
ities, the National Soils Monitoring Program and other special studies in
36 States and 15 urban areas. Soil samples, run-off water, and silt will
be analyzed for chlorinated hydrocarbons, organophosphates, mercury,
cadmium, arsenic, and lead. An additional two studies will be carried out
to study movement of pesticides from the soil to nontarget plants and
animals.
Description
Monitoring the environment to determine the characteristics and
degree of pesticide and other pollution is an integral part of the
effort to preserve environmental quality. The Federal Environmental
Pesticide Control Act directs formulation of a national plan for moni-
toring pesticides and authorizes monitoring and surveillance in air,
soil, water, man, plants, and animals.
The soil, because of its ability to hold and release pesticides
over long periods of time, is an important environmental concern.
Special soil studies are done when problem areas are identified either
from the National Soils Monitoring Program or are referred by other
agencies. The laboratory is located in Gulfport, Miss. This program
involves 13,300 randomly selected sites, of which 3>325 are sampled
each year and resampled every fifth year. They represent 0.25 percent
of all the United States cropland and 0.0025 percent of the noncrop-
land.
When fully implemented in FY 197^, this program will provide more
precision than has ever been possible in documenting the amounts, kinds,
persistence, movement, and fate of pesticides in the United States.
These findings will have a direct bearing on the pesticide registra-
tion process. They will be a major contribution to the determination
and interpretation of effects research. They will provide early
identification of gross contamination or significant magnification of
residues in both terrestrial and aquatic food chains. And, finally,
they will provide a sound basis for correlating environmental dose and
effects on humans and other nontarget organisms.
Priorities
The priority of this program is 1.1.
B-I-5
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Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Close coordination is required with other laboratories in this
Office, the Office of Water Programs, and the Office of Research and
Monitoring in analytical methodology, quality control, and instru-
mental sharing.
Constraints
The Plant Protection Division of USDA is reimbursed for the col-
lection of soil samples. The heavy metal analysis of soil samples and
nontarget terrestrial plants and animals is performed under contract
to a private laboratory. The move from the present location in
Gulfport to the Mississippi Test Facility will increase the growth
potential of the program.
B-I-6
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PROGRAM CODE: 530602: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING-PESTICIEDS-PROFESSIONAL TRAINING AND
MANPOWER PLANNING-SPECIAL SKILLS DEVELOPMENT
Objectives
The objectives are to develop analytical competence in regional
and State product analysis laboratories and to have standardized
pesticide residue methodology.
Description
The new Pesticides Act makes provision for State surveillance to
insure that the purposes of these sections on pesticide applicators
and pesticide management consultants are fully met. Working with the
States on these problems requires special skills for regional pesti-
cides representatives and special skills development for State control
officials. Also, when implementing the new Act, as well as the Public
Health Act, Title 42 as related to surveillance activities, formal
training is needed through resident courses on laboratory methodology
and epidemiological aspects of pesticides usage. The enforcement of
Federal regulations for pollution control requires dependable and valid
data. State and local control.agencies share in these same requirements
when court actions are involved within their political subdivisions.
Uniform State actions and upgrading State and local competence, in-
cluding development of analytical competence and adoption of standard-
ized methodology, will result in multiple benefits in improved usage
and control.
Regional pesticide representatives will be given special training
and will be the nucleus for subsequent training consultation for the
States. Special laboratory and epidemiological courses will be prepared
at Perrine, Fla., the Regions, and field locations. Consultative
services will be given to State control agencies, other Federal agencies,
and industrial organizations subject to regulatory control of pesticides
and their wastes and containers.
Technical training will be provided for formal resident and field
courses in the definition, characteristics, toxicity, and general back-
ground data of pesticide compounds; minor repair of analytical equip-
ment and instrumentation; and methodology for analysis of pesticide
residues.
Priorities
The priority of this program is 2.1.
B-I-T
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Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Since the courses will be at Perrine, Fla., there will be close
cooperation with the Office of Research and Monitoring.
Training in operation of laboratory instruments and equipment, as
well as in fundamentals of methodology, can be applied to requirements
in other EPA programs such as water, solid wastes, and the Regional
Laboratories.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
The chemist training program is designed to assist State agencies
in training the staff they will need to assist in the administration of
the new Pesticide Act.
B-I-8
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SECTION II: OFFICE OF SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS
The laboratory responsibility of the Office of Solid Waste Manage-
ment Programs is to provide support for its technical assistance
activities.
Facility Information
Location Cincinnati, Ohio
EPA Region N/A (Considered part of HDA)
Former Organization Bureau of Solid Waste Management, PHS
Number of Buildings 1
Leased One building
Type of Construction Masonry
Net Useable Program
Space 1400
B-II-1
-------
PROGRAM CODE: ^30200: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL FLAMING,
AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING-SOLID WASTES-TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Objective
The objective is to support field activities of the Office by
providing analytical laboratory support.
The laboratory, located in Cincinnati, conducts analysis of solid
waste management materials and other materials and substances resulting
from solid waste management treatment and disposal processes. The
laboratory also assists States in establishing laboratory requirements
for their programs.
Priority
The priority of this program is 1.1.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
The laboratory cooperates with Research Services, Solid Waste
Research of the Office of Research and Monitoring on analytical pro-
cedures, and also with the Office of Water Programs on analysis of
selected materials.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
The laboratory provides analytical guidance for State, local, and
industrial laboratories.
B-II-2
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SECTION III: OFFICE OF RADIATION PROGRAMS
The laboratory activities of the Office of Radiation Programs
are carried out at four separate locations.
CINCINNATI, OHIO
PROGRAM CODE: 621F01: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL-RADIATION-SPECIAL
STUDIES-NUCLEAR POWER FACILITIES
Objectives
This special study determines the dose delivered to the critical
populations living in the vicinity of a nuclear fuel reprocessing plant
and measures the effect of the dose on parameters such as discharge
concentrations, intake concentrations, and the distribution and habits
of the population.
Description
The study examines pathways and special population groups at risk.
It determines intake parameters of quantity and concentration. Both
demographic and intake surveys related to these critical pathways are
involved.
Priorities
The priority of this study is l.h.
B-III-1
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EASTERN ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION LABORATORY
(MONTGOMERY, ALA.)
Eastern Environmental Radiation Laboratory (EERL) in Montgomery,
Ala., serves as a technical and scientific resource to the south-
eastern States. It conducts environmental surveillance, assists State,
Federal, and international agencies in the operation of radiological
monitoring programs, and develops and improves methods for the deter-
mination of specific radionuclides found in the environment.
Facility Information
Location
EPA Region
Former Organization
Number of Buildings
Number of Complexes
EPA Owned
Leased
Type of Construction
Net Usable Program Space,
Current Employee Strength
Maximum Employees Housed
ft,*
Montgomery, Ala.
Region IV
Bureau of Radiological
Health, PHS
28
1
Buildings
Land (ll.6 acres)
Wood
50,000
TO
125
B-III-2
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PROGRAM CODE: 610501: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS -RAD 1ATI ON-ENVIRON-
MENTAL SURVEILLANCE-NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION-MONITORING
PROGRAM
Objective
The objective is to provide a continuing record of the levels of
environmental radioactivity and data from which to make a continuing
evaluation of the national population radiation exposure from environ-
mental sources.
Description
This project analyzes samples from the eastern part of the United
States from our established networks (Pasteurized Milk Network, Insti-
tutional Total Diet Network, Tritium Surveillance Network), and reports
data in suitable form for publication in Radiation Data Reports.
Priorities
The priority of this project is 1.2.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
A proposed project will use the Networks as a mechanism for
obtaining data necessary to isolate and identify pesticides and other
toxic elements. Interstate carrier water samples are analyzed for the
Office of Water Programs. This project also uses data from the
Radiation Alert Network of the Office of Air Programs.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
This project analyzes samples from State laboratories and provides
them with quality control services.
Constraints
Samples come only from eastern part of the United States.
B-III-3
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PROGRAM CODE: 621801: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL-RADIATION-TECHNICAL
ASSISTANCE-ASSISTANCE TO GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS (EPA APPROPRIA-
TIONS)
Objective
This project provides off-site monitoring capabilities for the
NASA Pioneer Program. It will assess potential hazards to the general
public if radioactive material is released to the environs during
launch operation at the Eastern Test Range, Cape Kennedy, Fla., when
Space Nuclear Auxiliary Power devices are used as a source of power.
Description
The project is to establish the capability for the total environ-
mental monitoring of 238Pu in air, water, vegetation, and soil, as
well as to assess the hazard to the general public in event of the off-
site release of 238Pu. It will develop emergency procedures to be
followed in the event of a release and provide for coordination with
the Florida State Health Department.
Priorities
The priority of this project is 1.3-
Constraints
The project is limited in general to activities in Florida.
B-III-U
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PROGRAM CODE: 621F01: ABATEMENT AND COWTROL-RADIATION-SPECIAL
STUDIES-NUCLEAR POWER FACILITIES
Objective
This special study measures and evaluates the release and buildup
of radionuclides from a nuclear power facility into an impounded cooling
lake.
Description
Following waste releases from the reactor, a composited sample is
collected of all liquid waste discharged to the condenser cooling water
in batch releases. The lake is sampled in detail so as to describe the
distribution of radionuclides throughout the system.
Priorities
The priority of this project is 1.1.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Coordination is required with the Radiochemistry and Nuclear
Engineering Branch of the Office of Research and Monitoring.
Constraints
Study is confined to one area of country at this time.
B-III-5
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PROGRAM CODE: 630603: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING,
AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING-RADIATION-PROFESSIONAL TRAINING AND MAN-
POWER PLANNING-DIRECT TRAINING
Objective
The objective is to provide, on a national basis, a series of
regularly scheduled courses in environmental radiation surveillance and
protection designed to increase the competencies of personnel working
in the profession, train new personnel, and serve as a mechanism for
disseminating the philosophy, policies, and goals of the Office of
Radiation Programs.
Description
Training will be provided in the form of short-term courses to
members of all agencies having programs concerning the environmental
impact of radiation in an effort to help reduce and control man's ex-
posure.
Priorities
The priority of this project is l.k.
Relationship to Other Programs
There are many types of training courses that could be conducted
with the other training programs in EPA. Courses such as basic statis-
tics, environmental statistics, and basic physiological responses to the
environment are basic to all training programs.
B-III-6
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NORTHEASTERN RADIOLOGICAL HEALTH LABORATORY
(WINCHESTER, MASS.)
The Northeastern Radiological Health Laboratory (NERHL) in
Winchester, Mass., serves as a technical and scientific resource to
most of the northeastern States. The laboratory is operated by the
Bureau of Radiological Health of PHS, and our personnel occupy part
of the laboratory under a Memorandum of Agreement with FDA. The
group is administratively responsible to the Surveillance and Inspec-
tion Division, Office of Radiation Programs, and conducts special
studies and routine surveillance activities for that Office.
Facility Information
Location
EPA Region
Former Organization
Number of Buildings
Number of Complexes
Leased
Type of Construction
Net Usable Program
Space, ft2
Current Employee Strength
Maximum Employees Housed
Winches ter, Mas s.
Region I
Bureau of Radiological
Health, PHS
1
1
Part of one building
(Memorandum of Agree-
ment with the FDA)
Masonry
11,250
2k
80
B-III-7
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PROGRAM CODE: 610501: EWIROMEINTAL STANDARDS-RAD]^ION-ENVIRON-
MENTAL SURVEILLANCE-NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION MONITORING
PROGRAM
Objective
The objective is to provide a continuing record of the levels of
environmental radioactivity and data from which to make a continuing
evaluation of the national population radiation exposure from environ-
mental sources. In addition, a quality control program is conducted
to service EPA radiological laboratories and States requesting the
services and to initiate a limited program for nuclear facility
operations.
Description
Special studies are conducted at nuclear facilities to determine
impact on the environment and obtain data for estimating population
dose. The findings from this study are published as Surveillance and
Inspection Division Reports.
Priorities
The priority of the monitoring portion of this project is 1.1.
The quality control portion is 1.2.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Interstate carrier water samples are analyzed for the Office of
Water Programs.
Constraints
Samples come only from northeastern part of the United States.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
This project analyzes samples from State laboratories and provides
them with quality control services.
B-III-8
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PROGRAM CODE: 621^01: ABATEMENT AMD CONTROL-RADIATION-EMISSIONS
MOHITORING-NUCLEAR FACILITY INSPECTIONS
Objective
The program provides documentation of environmental radioactivity
resulting from nuclear facility discharges, either to assure compliance
with environmental standards or to serve as a "basis for reducing exces-
sive levels.
Description
Utilizing information from previous EPA studies at operating nuclear
power stations and other available information, NERHL will design a pro-
cedure for inspecting nuclear facilities and test this model in coopera-
tion with the State at selected operating nuclear power reactors. The
procedures will be up-dated based on operational experience.
Priorities
The priority of this project is 1.3.
B-III-9
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 62IF01: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL-RADIATION-SPECIAL STUDIES-
NUCLEAR POWER FACILITIES
Objectives
This special study will determine the dose delivered to the critical
populations living in the vicinity of a nuclear fuel reprocessing plant
and will measure the effect on the dose of parameters such as discharge
concentrations, intake concentrations, and the distribution and habits
of the population.
Description
The study will examine pathways and special population groups at
risk. It will determine intake parameters of quantity and concentration.
Both demographic and intake surveys related to these critical pathways
will be involved.
Priorities
The priority of this project is l.lj-.
B-III-10
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WESTERN ENVIROM4ENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY
(LAS VEGAS, NEV.)
The Western Environmental Research Laboratory (WERL) in Las Vegas,
Nev., serves primarily as a technical and scientific resource to the
States west of the Mississippi, including Alaska, Hawaii, and certain
areas of the Pacific. Nationwide monitoring support is provided to all
Regional Offices, NERC's and other program offices. Many WERL projects
depend entirely on the cooperation and assistance of various State organi-
zations, local government, other Federal agencies, universities, research
groups, and private citizens. Some of WERL's activities are administered
by the Office of Research and Monitoring (see Appendix A).
In addition to conducting programs funded directly by EPA, WERL,
under a Memorandum of Understanding with AEG, is responsible for the
public health and safety program related to AEC's nuclear testing. WERL
is responsible for comprehensive radiological safety programs in public
areas around the Nevada Test Site and at other locations where nuclear
tests are conducted.
Facility Information
Location
EPA Region
Former Organization
Number of Buildings
Number of Complexes
Land Leased (Main Complex)
Leased
Type of Construction
Net Usable Program Space,
Current Employee Strength
Maximum Employees Housed
ft2
Las Vegas, Nev.
Region IX
Bureau of Radiological Health,
PHS
1
2
6.6
7 buildings: 1-GSA, 6-EPA
Mas onry
82,500
239
350
B-III-11
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PROGRAM CODE: 610501: HWIRONMENTAL STANDARDS -RADIATION -ENVIRONMENTAL
SURVEILLANCE-NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION MONITORING PROGRAM
Objective
The objective is to provide a continuing record of the levels of
environmental radioactivity and data from which to make a continuing
evaluation of the national population radiation exposure from environ-
mental sources. In addition, whole body counting will be done on the
Eskimos in Alaska. The results will be correlated with known changes in
dietary habits. A data bank is being developed on Eskimo cesium - 1J7
body burdens.
Description
This project analyzes samples from the western States from our
established networks (Pasteurized Milk Network, Institutional Total
Diet Network, Tritium Surveillance Network) and reports data in suit-
able form for publication in Radiation Data Reports. The Eskimo surveil-
lance study uses portable whole body counting to determine cesium-137
burdens in Eskimos. The data are also published in Radiation Data
Reports.
Priorities
The priority of the network monitoring portion of this project is
1.2. The Eskimo surveillance study is 1.5.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Interstate carrier water samples are analyzed for the Office of
Water Programs.
Constraints
Samples come from the western part of the United States for the
most part. Whole body counting is confined to Alaska; other whole body
counting is conducted at WERL in support of nuclear testing monitoring
programs.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
This project analyzes samples from State laboratories and provides
them with quality control services.
B-III-12
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PROGRAM CODE: 610502: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDAIfflS-RADmTION-ENVIROIMEFTAL
SURVEILLANCE-ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION OFF-SITE RADIOLOGICAL SAFETY
PROGRAM
Objective
The objective is to document radiation from nuclear testing activi-
ties — both the external exposures to people living in the vicinity of
nuclear testing activities and the levels in all pertinent environmental
media.
Description
A comprehensive off-site radiological safety program will be pro-
vided for nuclear testing activities, including testing of weapons
devices, underground engineering applications of nuclear explosives,
and testing of experimental nuclear engines for propulsion of space-
craft.
Priorities
The priority of this project is 1.2.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
The program utilizes data from Radiation Alert Network of the
Office of Air Programs and the Pasteurized Milk Network of the Office
of Categorical Programs.
B-III-13
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PROGRAM CODE: 621^01: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL-RADIATION-EMISSIONS
MONITORING-NUCLEAR FACILITY INSPECTIONS
Objective
The program provides documentation of environmental radioactivity
resulting from nuclear facility discharges, either to assure compliance
with environmental standards or to serve as a basis for reducing
dosage levels.
Description
Combined aerial and ground surveys will be conducted at each site
selected.
Priorities
The priority of this project is 1.4.
B-III-lU
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PROGRAM CODE: 621801; ABATEMENT AND CONTROL-RADIATION-TECHNICAL
ASSISTANCE-ASSISTANCE TO GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS (EPA APPROPRIA-
TIONS)
Objective
The objective is to provide technical support to the State of
Colorado regarding population exposures in homes where uranium mill
tails have been used as a construction material.
Description
Technical assistance, manpower, and equipment are provided to
support Colorado and other States where piles of tailings are located.
This involves conducting a gamma survey and indoor radon sampling study
of structures in affected communities. Funds are also provided to
screen western communities with a mobile scanning unit to determine
the possibility of problems relating to distribution of tailings.
Priorities
The priority of this project is 1.1.
Constraints
Study is confined to nine western States.
B-III-15
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PROGRAM CODE: 630603: GENERAL ASSISTANCE-ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING AND
ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING-RADIATION-PROFESSIONAL TRAINING AND MANPOWER
PLANNING-DIRECT TRAINING
Objective
The objective is to provide, on a national basis, a series of
regularly scheduled courses in environmental radiation surveillance
and protection designed to increase the competencies of personnel
working in the profession, train new personnel, and serve as a mechan-
ism for disseminating the philosophy, policies, and goals of the
Office of Radiation Programs.
Description
Training will be provided in the form of short-term courses to
members of all agencies having programs concerning the environmental
impact of ionizing radiation in an effort to help reduce and control
man's exposure.
Priorities
The priority of this project is 1.4.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
There are many types of training courses that could be conducted
with the other training programs in EPA. Courses such as basic
statistics, environmental statistics, and basic physiological responses
to the environment are basic to all training programs.
B-III-16
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TABLE B-l
LABORATORY RESOURCES - OFFICE OF CATEGORICAL PROGRAMS - PESTICIDES
Program Code - Facility
521A02, Pesticide Labeling & Stds. -
Tolerance Setting
Washington, B.C.
aTotal Program Element, $1000
521402, Product Surveillance -
Sample Analysis
Beltsville, Md.
Corvallis, Oreg.
Hew York, N.Y.
Denver, Colo.
Gulfport, Miss.
San Francisco, Calif.
aTotal Program Element, $1000
Man-Years
510502, Environmental Surveillance -
Residue Profiles
Gulfport, Miss.
^otal Program Element, $1000
530602, Professional Training &
Manpower Planning - Special
Skills Development
Perrine, Fla.
aTotal Program Element, $1000
FYT2
$1000
22k
1048.0
1910.5
1030
1302.5
100
100
M/Y
14
58
7
10
8
7
8
124
42
5
5
FY73
$1000
224
1156.0
2310.5
1030
1318.5
100
100
M/Y
14
68
8
12
9
8
145
42
5
5
FY74
$1000
240
1240.0
2700.0
1300
1380.0
100
100
M/Y
15
76
9
13
10
9
160
63
5
5
FY75
$1000
275
1300.0
3100.0
1500
1450.0
100
100
M/Y
17
82
10
14
11
10
11
175
71
5
5
FY76
$1000
330
1360.0
3300.0
1700
1530.0
100
100
M/Y
20
87
10
15
12
11
11
185
74
5
5
FTT7
$1000
330
1430.0
3400.0
1700
1600.0
100
100
M/Y
20
90
11
15
12
11
11
190
79
5
5
w
I
H
H
H
aAs carried on Office of Planning & Management printouts,
revised to 10/13/71.
-------
TABLE B-2.
LABORATORY RESOURCES - OFFICE OF CATEGORICAL PROGRAMS - SOLID WASTES
Program Code - Facility
^30200, Technical Assistance
Cincinnati, Ohio
^otal Program Element $1000
FYT2
$1000
90
889-3
M/Y
3
FYT3
$1000
100
1015.3
M/Y
r.
3
FY7^
$1000
125
1190.0
M/Y
k
FY75
$1000
135
1310.0
'M/Y
4
FY?6
$1000
150
1^50.0
M/Y
5
FY77
$1000
170
1590.0
M/Y
5
td
H
fe
aAs carried on Office of Planning & Management printouts,
revised to 10/13/71.
-------
TABLE B-3
LABORATORY RESOURCES - OFFICE OF CATEGORICAL PROGRAMS - RADIATION
td
H
H
Program Code - Facility
610501, National Environmental
Radiation Monitoring
Program
Montgomery, Ala.
Winchester, Mass.
Las Vegas, Nev.
Subtotal
^otal Program Element, $1000
610502, AEC Off -Site Radiological
Safety Program
(Reimbursable)
Las Vegas, Nev.
62LU01, Nuclear Facility Inspections
Winchester, Mass.
Las Vegas, Nev.
Subtotal
bTotal Program Element, $1000
621801, Assistance to Governmental
Organizations
Montgomery, Ala
(NASA Reimbursable)
Las Vegas, Nev.
Subtotal
bTotal Program Element, $1000
FY72
$1000 M/Y
81.4 6
211.2 12
160.5 9
^53.1 27
936.6
1942.0 110
148.0 7
77-9 7
225.0 14
202.7
15.0 o
313.6 14
328.6 14
271.5
FY73
$1000 M/Y
83.0 6
224.2 13
175.0 9
482.2 28
939.6
2073.0 no
200.0 13
155-0 9
355-0 22
203.7
4oo.o 15
4oo.o 15
427.5
FY74
$1000 M/Y
84.0 6
239.2 14
200 10
523.2 30
990.0
2100.0 110
240.0 14
180.0 11
420.0 25
210.0
350.0 15
350.0 15
450.0
FY75
$1000 M/Y
86.0 6
249.2 14
210.0 10
545.2 30
1040.0
2150.0 no
280.0 16
205.0 12
285.0 28
220.0
200.0 7
200.0 7
470.0
FY 6
$1000 M/Y
88.0 6
259.2 14
220.0 10
567.2 30
1090.0
2175.0 110
290.0 16
210.0 12
500.0 28
240.0
150.0 6
150.0 6
490.0
FY77
$1000 M/Y
88.0 6
269.2 14
225 . o 10
582.2 30
1140.0
2200.0 110
300.0 16
215.0 12
515.0 28
250.0
150.0 6
150.0 6
520.0
-------
TABLE B-3 (continued)
tri
H
H
H
O
Program Code - Facility
621F01, Special Studies -
Nuclear Power Facilities
Montgomery, Ala
Winchester, Mass.
Subtotal
^otal Program Element, $1000
630603, Professional Training &
Manpower Planning - Direct
Training
Montgomery, Ala
Las Vegas, Ilev.
Subtotal
'"Total Program Element, $1000
FY72
$1000 M/Y
17^.2 13
81.3 5
255-5 18
639.4
85.4 5
123.1 6
208.5 11
304.9
FY73
$1000 M/Y
170.0 13
170.0 13
642.4
87.0 5
140.0 7
227.0 12
3*. 9
FY74
$1000 M/Y
170.0 13
170.0 13
670.0
90.0 5
150.0 7
240.0 12
310.0
FY75
$1000 M/Y
710.0
92.0 5
160.0 7
252.0 12
310.0
FY76
$1000 M/Y .
740.0
92.0 5
170.0 7
262.0 12
310.0
FY77
$1000 M/Y
780.0
92.0 5
180.0 7
272.0 12
310.0
As carried on Office of Planning & Management
printouts, revised to 10/13/71
-------
APPENDIX C
Office of Air and Water Programs
-------
The laboratory responsibilities of the two programs of the Office
of Air and Water Programs (OAWP) are described in separate sections.
The activities of each are discussed by program codes, followed by
resource requirements in terms of dollars and man-years for fiscal 1972
through 1977.
C-l
-------
SECTION I: OFFICE OF AIR PROGRAMS
Currently, the Office of Air Programs (OAP) has some responsibility
in five EPA program categories:
o 121000, stationary source pollution control
e 122000, mobile source pollution control
e 126000, federal sources of air pollution
o 130000, general assistance, environmental planning and training
o 110000, environmental standards-air.
The work on Federal sources of air pollution is partly carried out
operationally at Rockville, Md., and does not concern the Task Group
effort. This is similarly true for all of OAP program direction support.
The Office-of Research and Monitoring (ORM) is responsible for most
of the category environmental standards-air; the subcategory ambient air
quality surveillance is under the program direction and resource allo-
cation control of OAP but under the operational control of ORM. OAP
decides on the control routes and ambient air quality standards for pol-
lutants. Thus, under environmental standards - air, ORM and OAP have
responsibility to see that a desirable environment is adequately defined
and that the air environment is monitored.
Under general assistance, OAP has responsibility, with the Regional
Offices, to assure the most favorable development of State and local
agencies by providing financial, technical, and training assistance.
OAP has almost sole responsibility, with some involvement of the
Office of Enforcement and General Counsel (OEGC) for the Federal mobile
source pollution control program under category 122000.
Finally, under stationary source pollution control, OAP sets new
source performance standards and hazardous pollutant emission standards,
and with the Regional Offices and OEGC has responsibility for adequate
control of all stationary sources of air pollution. OAP's responsi-
bility for research, development, and demonstration on stationary
source control technology will be treated in the following projections,
although it is marked for transfer to ORM in FY1972. All of these
C-I-1
-------
responsibilities are carried out in GAP field facilities and become
the basis of mission and requirements for the facilities.
OAF Organization
The current organizational structure (Figure C-l) coincides with
the program, geographical location, and facilities management concept.
There are two major programs under the Deputy Assistant Administrator:
Stationary Source Pollution Control (SSPC) and Mobile Source Pollution
Control (MSPC), each headed by a program director. The first has GAP
responsibility for all program categories except 122000, Mobile Source
Pollution Control, and will be located in the Research Triangle, N.C.,
area and at OAP headquarters. The second has responsibility for 122000
and is located at Ann Arbor, Mich, or similarly at headquarters outside
the scope of the Task Group effort.
Existing Facilities
The total program is housed at seven locations: Ann Arbor; Raleigh,
Durham, Research Triangle Park, and Technical Center, all in the Research
Triangle area; Cincinnati, Ohio; and Rockville. Current locations of
personnel presently on board are shown in Figure C-2. Moves planned in
FY 1972 are shown by arrows; whether all or some of the personnel will
move is indicated. Those moves pertinent to the Task Group effort are:
o The remaining 20 people of the Division of Control Systems is
scheduled to move from Cincinnati to the Technical Center by
March 1, 1972
c The Office of Manpower Development is scheduled to move into
the Technical Center by December 1, 1971.
Thus, since the Research Triangle area has been designated as one
field facility in guidance given to the Task Group, OAP programs will be
housed at two Field Facilities: SSPC programs in the Research Triangle
area and MSPC programs in Ann Arbor.
Proposed Field Facility Systems Concept
Future field facility and laboratory requirements of OAP can best
be met by continuing the existing situation. Some slight modification
of the Ann Arbor facility is planned during FY 1972, and program require-
ments at both the Research Triangle and Ann Arbor will grow. OAP plans
to receive direct analytical and research services from other EPA labora-
tories; pending development of adequate mechanisms to assure the
provision of such services, OAP does not plan new laboratories for these
purposes. In addition, various programs for which OAP has responsibility
will require other EPA organizations to request laboratory services for
C-I-2
-------
Technical
Coordination
Staff
Dr. John T. Middleton
Deputy Assistant
Administrator
Operations
Review
Staff
Executive
Officer
o
i
Stationary Source
Pollution Control
Programs
Emergency Operations
Control Center
Office of
Manpower Development
Mobile Source
Pollution Control
Programs
Division of Control
Systems
Division of Applied
Technology
Division of Standards
Development and
Implementation
Division of Certifica-
tion and Surveillance
Division of Emission
Control Technology
Division of Advanced
Automobile Power
Systems Development
FIGURE C-l. ORGANIZATION OF OFFICE OF AIR PROGRAMS
-------
Research Triangle
Ann . * v Waterside
Arbor Raleigh Durham RTF TC Cinn. Rockville Mall
Environmental Standards - Air
Ambient Air Quality Surveillance 9^-
Abatement & Control - Stationary
Source Pollution Control Programs
Research, Development & Demon-
stration 59 23—^-20
c
Emission Standards & Regulations 63 *"^8
Emergency Episode Control 1 9
Surveillance of Federal/State
Standards 7—^11
Abatement & Control - Mobile
i Source Pollution Control 118
|—| .-_,..
-P" General Asst. , Environmental
Planning & Training .
Training 1*9 *"
Technical Information 38
Air Quality Management 6 1*0 8
Financial Assistance 1
Comprehensive Agency Reviews 11
Abatement & Control
Federal Sources 10 10 +.
General Supervision 3 9 18 *-
Program Direction & Support 15 *-
FIGURE C-2. OAF EXISTING PERSONNEL IN EXISTING FACILITIES, BY PROGRAM
(A-all, S-some)
-------
their programs. Thus, OAP field facility requirements (after the moves
of this year) are as follows:
o Technical Center to house programs of OEM operational control
but for which OAP hag planning control or service require-
ments; also to provide space for programs of OAP control
(portion of SSPC)
o Raleigh-Durham area to provide housing for remaining SSPC
e Ann Arbor facility to provide housing for MSPC.
OEM is to supply to the Task Group laboratory requirements for programs
over which it has operational control.
Figure C-3 presents management lines of OAP's concept for manage-
ment of its field facilities and programs. In ORM terminology presented
to the Task Group, program direction, operational direction, and super-
vision follow the same management lines in OAP. The program directors
are responsible for programs and their housing facilities in their
separate locations. Their Executive Officers are the focal points for
the provision of services from outside organizations and for any
centralized facility services such as in-house auto testing at Ann Arbor.
Building maintenance and security, contracting, and administration of
personnel requirements are examples of the former services.
The Ann Arbor and Research Triangle field facilities will house the
principal program operation of OAP, and facility requirements have been
justified on that basis. Future program responsibilities, as defined
above under current OAP programs and in generalized terms, include:
e Program policy development and evaluation
o Development of air quality and source emission standards
o Technical direction, support, and evaluation of Regional air
activities
o Development of programs for technical assistance and technology
transfer
o Selected demonstration programs
c Interim direction of stationary source control technology
development.
C-I-5
-------
Deputy Assistant Administrator
for
Air Program
I
SSPCP
•Program Director
I
MS PGP
Program Director-
o
H
Executive Offices
Centralized Facility
Services
Executive Officer
Centralized Facility
Services
Programs
in
Research Triangle
Programs—
in
Ann Arbor
Outside
Services
J
Outside
•Services
FIGURE C-3. MANAGEMENT CONCEPT OF OAP FIELD FACILITIES
-------
RESEARCH TRIANGLE, N.C., FIELD FACILITY
The mission of the Research Triangle, N.C., Field facility is to:
c Define desirable air quality goals by establishing National
Ambient Air Quality Standards
e Assure the conduct of an adequate program across the Nation
for control of air pollutant emissions from stationary sources
by:
- providing evaluation, direction, and support to EPA's pro-
gram of assistance to State and local governments and to
activities carried out on a regional basis for standards
and implementation plans enforcement
- establishing national standards for the control of station-
ary sources
- carrying out a national R&D program for the control of sta-
tionary sources of air pollution.
Several EPA organizations have units housed in the Research Triangle
area. GAP plans to keep SSPC there. A number of buildings are used at
present, and something comparable will be needed in the future. Require-
ments are primarily limited to office space in the Raleigh-Durham areas
and to more special needs (such as experimental laboratory space, com-
puters, and training briefing rooms) at the Technical Center in Research
Triangle Park. Functions to be performed at these facilities include
briefly: stack testing, industrial studies, air quality management pro-
cedures development, agency evaluations, technical direction, support,
and evaluation of Regional air activities, standards setting, State
plans review, approval, and promulgation, in-house and contract research
on the development and demonstration of control techniques, literature
storage and retrieval services, editorial services, air pollution
emergency operations, development and conduct of training courses, man-
agement of training grants and fellowships, and environmental impact
statement and Federal procurement reviews.
Facility requirements are defined and justified on the basis of
program objectives, activities, and resource needs to accomplish them.
A complete listing of the programs categories OAP will conduct at the
Research Triangle area, with their 5-year projections of resource needs,
is given in Table C-l at the end of this Section.
All of the work is to be carried out under existing legislation,
the Clean Air Amendments of 1970, and has a priority of 1.
C-I-7
-------
Description
The laboratory requirements at the Research Triangle involve four
program categories:
Environmental Standards- Air. This area provides the information
and tools for making judgements on the effects of air pollutants on
various receptors, allows determination of the status of the
environment with respect to contamination of the air, and provides
for the link-up of the sources and the receptors of pollution. About
hO pollutants will be examined over the 6-year period for control.
Whereas the decision for control of a pollutant, control route, and
air quality standards are the responsibility of OAP, most of the
field operational aspects under this program category are the
responsibility of OEM, including air quality surveillance, and the
laboratory requirements will be defined in OEM's plan.
Abatement and Control - Stationary Sources of Air Pollution. This
area provides OAP with the tools required to set standards, develop
technology to achieve the standards, and undertake the enforcement
activities required to ensure compliance with these standards. The
1970 Amendments require that national performance standards be set
for the control of air pollution from new facilities in designated
classes of industries and that emission standards be set for haz-
ardous materials for which it is not practical to set ambient air
quality standards. It is expected that 31 categories of industries
and 8 to 10 pollutants will be covered by new source performance
standards by FY 197^- Hazardous emission standards for asbestos,
beryllium, and mercury will be issued in 1972. Plans allow for the
examination of three or four pollutants per year for this control
route. Another program element involves review, approval, and
promulgation of State implementation plans. The thrust of this pro-
gram is to approve State timetables for meeting primary ambient air
quality standards for sulfur oxides, particulate matter, carbon
monoxide, photochemical oxidants, hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides.
The objective of the work in the research, development and demon-
stration subcategory is to assure the development and availability
of fully adequate and feasible technology for achieving compliance
with established ambient air quality and source-emission standards.
The engineering approach used here involves development of control
technology by scaling up a process through laboratory, pilot, and
demonstration phases. Work is divided into investigations for
particulate matter, sulfur oxides on a short and long-term basis,
nitrogen oxides, and control of hazardous pollutants.
The enforcement subcategory pertains to enforcement activities
involving (l) surveillance and inspection to determine compliance
with State Implementation Plans, new source performance standards
C-I-8
-------
for stationary sources, and national emission standards for
stationary sources of hazardous air pollutants; (2) the gathering
of data where noncompliance is apparent; and (3) the conduct of
enforcement proceedings. Responsibility for this subcategory is
shared with OEGC.
General Assistance, Environmental Planning and Training - Air. A
coordinated Federal, State, and locak air pollution control effort
is called for in the Clean Air Act. The Act delegates the primary
responsibility for controlling air pollution from stationary
sources and major in-use mobile sources to the States. The primary
role of the Federal Government (a responsibility of GAP with
Regional Offices) is to provide leadership, financial and technical
assistance, and a supply of trained manpower. The Federal Govern-
ment can assume a direct enforcement posture where the States have
failed to carry out their mandatory or delegated responsibilities.
This category provides the States with the assistance necessary to
develop and maintain effective and comprehensive air pollution control
programs, and as such, it is the initial thrust of a compliance tech-
nique which is geared to obviate the need for Federal take-over.
The financial assistance program provides matching grants to State,
regional, and local agencies for purposes of planning, developing,
establishing, improving, or maintaining programs in air pollution
control. The program is geared at elevating agencies to mainte-
nance status. Maintenance status implies the capability to mount
and maintain a comprehensive and effective air pollution control
program in five main technical and administrative areas attuned to
meeting the legislative requirements of the Clean Air Act. Cur-
rently, only 10 percent of the agencies supported have reached
maintenance status. Only 13 of the 50 states have reached such
status, whereas all must have reached it by FY 197^ to fully carry
out the mandates of the Clean Air Act.
The present level of technical expertise in States is inadequate to
carry out all the requirements of the Clean Air Act. The Federal
Government's technical assistance program provides both direct and
indirect assistance to the States. The direct assistance is pro-
vided by consulting on technical and operational problems and
by assisting in the collection of date for developing control
strategies. Indirect assistance is supplied through the develop-
ment of Air Quality Management Procedures Documents and through
development and operation of a national data bank for stationary
and mobile source emissions. Air Quality Management Procedures
Documents provide States with guidance in such areas as air pollu-
tion engineering, air quality measurement, program management, data
processing, and source listing.
C-I-9
-------
The manpower program is designed to provide State, regional, and
local agencies with a continual supply of new people and to
increase the skills of those people already employed in air pollu-
tion control. State and local control agencies currently have 5100
budgeted positions which must be increased to 8000 by 197^-. The
manpower pool is increased by giving grants to individuals to study
fields related to air pollution control and to academic institu-
tions to conduct courses in air pollution control. Skill levels
of individuals are increased through intensive short-term training
conducted by EPA and through grants to individuals employed in air
pollution control agencies.
Abatement and Control - Federal Sources of Air Pollution. Federal,
activities impact on the environment through direct Federal proj-
ects, such as highway and airport construction, and through indi-
rect activities funded by the Federal Government, such as the
activities of grantees and contractors. Control of these activities
can have significant impact on controlling pollution. The Clean
Air Act provides for the submission and review of environmental
impact statements before any Federal project may be initiated and
for the control of the activities of contractors and grantees.
These activities are covered by the subcategories environmental
impact statement review and federal procurement.
In addition to these four program categories, the Research Triangle
facility carries over the following activities: research and develop-
ment, demonstration and testing, training, criteria and standards, sur-
veillance and intelligence, technical information, program assistance,
and management and support activities.
Constraints
There are several factors which place constraints on OAP's contri~
bution to the Task Group, both in terms of defining more realistically
OAP facility requirements and in aiding other EPA organizations to
define theirs. These relate to:
o Further clarification of OAP program responsibility under the
recently issued EPA order 1110.2h
e Possible decentralization or transfer of portions of program
elements within EPA
o Possible impacts from the recipient EPA organization upon
location and program content of program elements already
marked for transfer from OAP
e Limitations in available projections of laboratory services
(sampling and analysis primarily) OAP requires
C-I-10
-------
c Limitations (for guidance to others) in current GAP projec-
tions of operational mechanisms (such as in the program element
surveillance of Federal and State standards).
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
OAP programs at the Research Triangle have extensive ties to other
EPA laboratories. This is especially true to ORM, where direct
research and analytical services are required; these have been defined
in a June 9» 1971 memorandum to Dr. S. M. Greenfield from Dr. J. T.
Middleton, titled, "Coordination of Technical Support with BAPS".
Within this, requirements specific to analytic services relate to:
o Emission testing and analysis in support of new source per-
formance standards, national emission standards for stationary
sources of hazardous air pollutants, and industry studies
o Analytical methods development and standardization
o Air quality surveillance.
Addendum A to this Appendix gives guideline projections for direct
sampling and analysis laboratory services required of ORM. Concerning
air quality surveillance, in addition to air quality data needs as
specified under the program element on air surveillance, direct services
are required in support of emergency operations. Three ORM positions
for this purpose are included in the projections for the emergency
episode control element. Meteorological experts are provided by ORM
in support of several OAP program elements; these are not included in
the above projections and should be shown in ORM's submittal. Also, the
approaches defined under the programs at this facility will require
direct laboratory services to the OEGC and Regional Offices for source
testing within the program element surveillance of Federal and State
standards. The Research Triangle Facility will require housing of
personnel for support functions such as contract procurement and
research grants administration (if determined to be housed there) not
included in the resource projections.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
The SSPC programs relate to about hO laboratories outside EPA.
Some of the more significant efforts are control technology research by
TVA, Bureau of Mines, and Argonne National Laboratory within the Federal
Government, and by ESSO Research and Engineering and Battelle N¥ outside
the Government. Twelve private labs are doing stack sampling and
ianalysis under contract.
C-I-11
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ANN ARBOR, MICH., MOTOR VEHICLE EMISSION LABORATORY
The mission of the new facility in Ann Arbor, Mich., is to carry
out EPA's national MSPC program. The entire program moved in October
1971. Addendum B to this Appendix delineates the background history of
development of this facility. OAF is currently leasing an additional
7000 square feet of office space to house the overflow of engineering
staff for the Advanced Automotive Power Systems and certification pro-
grams. A description of the new Y-shaped building is as follows:
Location - 2565 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, Mich.
Area - l6 acres plus 7.5 under option
Space - 116,000 ft2, including 19,000 ft2 for office and computer
areas and 30,000 ft for vehicle storage
Special rooms - 15 chassis dynamometer test rooms; 8 engine dyna-
mometer rooms for testing a variety of engines and future
power sources, and 2 large controlled-temperature soak areas
Supporting laboratory facilities - vehicle wash room, vehicle prep-
aration room, fuel blending room, calibration-gas lab, elec-
tronic lab, instrument lab, smoke-meter test room, chemistry
labs, flow calibration lab, engine storage room, cleaning room,
craft shop, and shipping and receiving area
Pertinent special equipment - (l) automotive emission gas analysis
system for each special room (includes nondispersive infrared
for carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, flame ionization
detector for hydrocarbons, and chemiluminescence for NOX);
(2) Dispersive IR, on-line gas chromatography, and smoke
meters; (3) automatic data processing units.
Primary functions of the facility are to:
o Develop new or novel low-emission power systems for light-duty
vehicles
o Provide technical support to the low-emission vehicle certifi-
cation board
o Review and evaluate applications for certification of motor
vehicles and engines
o Develop assembly line testing
o Develop and conduct surveillance of emissions of in-use
vehicles
o Characterize emissions being considered for control
C-I-12
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o Assess availability of, or develop, control technology for
existing mobile sources as a basis for establishing standards
and to test and evaluate control techniques
« Develop standardized emission testing procedures
c Develop emissions standards and fuel regulations.
The control of new mobile source emissions and development of tech-
niques for control of in-use mobile emissions is a Federal national pro-
gram and primarily the responsibility of OAP, with involvement of OEGC.
This program, EPA's program category abatement and control - mobile
sources of air pollution, contains EPA's effort to ensure control of
emissions from mobile sources to levels determined by other program
categories. The work is to be carried ou\ under existing legislation and
has a priority of 1. This program is divided into five subcategories.
A detailed listing of resource requirements is given in Table C-2 at the
end of this Section. Objectives are summarized below.
Research, Development and Demonstration. EPA has stressed research
on those areas where industry, for historical and vested interest
reasons, has shown the greatest reluctance for investment - namely,
the development of unconventional propulsion systems potentially
capable of emissions performance superior to the conventional
internal combustion engine. This program has increasingly assumed
the aspect of a compliance-oriented program whose basic thrust is
to ensure the validity of the 1975-7& standards. The primary objec-
tive is to provide direct proof that an unconventionally-powered
low emission vehicle capable of meeting the 1975-76 standards can
be produced by the mandatory dates, or with a minimum extension of
such dates. This subcategory also includes the Federal Clean Air
Incentive Program; its mission is to ensure that viable ideas on
unconventional power sources originating outside the automobile
industry or government are given the opportunity for demonstration
on a cost shared basis. The program is to provide incentive to
investors to develop promising approaches through partial reimburse-
ment of research costs on the basis of proven performance and a
guaranteed government market for any vehicle which meets low emis-
sion specifications and is competitive in performance and reliability
with conventional vehicles.
Emission Standards and Regulations. This subcategory contains the
work to translate needed emission reductions from mobile sources
into mobile source emission standards as promulgated in the Federal
Register. The ultimate objective is to promulgate those emission
regulations for mobile sources which are determined necessary to
achieve ambient air quality goals. Because it is impossible to
measure actual emissions from over a hundred million vehicles while
they are on the road, procedures must be developed to simulate
average road conditions in the laboratory. Results must approximate
C-I-13
-------
actual emissions as closely as possible, and the measurements must
require a relatively short time. This subcategory also includes
studies required under Section 211 prior to the establishment of
motor vehicle fuel standards and whatever additional work is needed
to develop those standards.
Enforcement. Enforcement includes the certification of prototype
vehicles or engines before the beginning of a new model year to
ensure that the prototypes are capable of meeting emission stand-
ards. Enforcement includes the quality assurance program which
seeks to ensure that vehicles, as they are manufactured, are in
all significant respects the same with regard to their emission
performance as the prototypes previously certified. Current
planning indicates that, pending the successful surmounting of
technical problems, the quality assurance program will begin
routine operation with the 1973 model-year.
Monitoring. This subcategory measures samples of vehicles which
are in general use to determine whether they continue to meet
emission standards. It will make recommendations on the need for
recalling classes of vehicles which are exceeding standards. Mon-
itoring will also yield valuable information on national automotive
emissions, which can be used for setting or refining air quality
improvement strategies. The recall surveillance program for light-
duty vehicles will start with the 1972 model-year.
Financial Assistance. This subcategory involves the granting of
funds to States to allow them to set up motor vehicle inspection
programs in the event that these are demonstrated to be effective
in improving air quality. Inspection programs will seek to ensure
that individual vehicles within a given area meet requirements for
emissions. Only demonstration funding from another program category
is planned for fiscal 1972 and 1973.
Constraints
Total facility requirements may change at Ann Arbor pending further
development of currently undefined, program needs. These relate to heavy-
duty vehicle testing, additional office space, and State inspection
testing.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
ORM develops instrumentation and analytical methods in support of
the MSPC program. Also, ORM develops responsibility for research to ini-
tially characterize motor vehicle emissions. An agreement could be worked
out with ORM to house four to six chemists at Ann Arbor to provide direct
analytical support to MSPC and to carry out ORM's emission characteriza-
tion research. OEGC is responsible for enforcement of fuels regulations;
pending the specific substance controlled, analytical services may be
-------
required (determination of compliance vith regulation of lead in gaso-
line , for example).
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Services are procured from many outside laboratories. Other
Government work includes provision of personnel for management of the
Advanced Automotive Powers Systems contracts by NASA Lewis; battery
development work by the Naval Research Laboratory; characterization of
emissions of aircraft and of heavy-duty and off-highway vehicles by the
Bureau of Mines; Rankine and turbine components research by Aerospace
Corporation (AF); EPA emissions testing for the Washington, D.C., inspec-
tion system; and performance testing of a turbine car by New York City.
About 30 private labs are under contract for work ranging from surveil-
lance of light-duty in-use vehicles to certification of new heavy-duty
vehicles.
C-I-15
-------
ADDENDUM A: RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS FOR SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS SUPPORT
FY72 FY73 FY7^ FY75 FY76
National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants
Total resources
2.5 5-0
355
(170)
FY77
Man-years
Funds ($1000)
Direct operations
Contract testing
Industry Studies
Total resources
Man-years
Funds ($1000)
Direct operations
Contract testing
(90) .
(152) (285)
5.6 10.0
780 1055
(1^5) (255)
(535) (800)
New Source Performance Standards
Total resources
Man-years
Funds ($1000)
Direct operations
Contract testing
10.0
13.0
1895
5.2
U75
(185)
(290)
6.6
525
(220)
(305)
6.8
5^0
(230)
(310)
7.0
5^5
(235)
(310)
12.h iU.8 16.2 16.6
1195 1375 1510 1650
(295) (375) (UlO) (^50)
(900) (1000) (1100) (1200)
(98U) (1250)
lU.O 15.3
2017 2215
(667) (790)
(1350) (1U25)
15.6 17.0
2l|20 26^5
(895) (1020)
(1525) (1625)
These requirements represent total support both for analytical and
emission testing. Approximately 50 percent is projected for performance
by source testing contractors (resources are included in retrospective
program element projections) and 50 percent will be done by in-house
effort (by ORM, and included under air quality surveillance program
element projections). In-house requirements will be for such analyses
as trace metals (requiring special instruments), analyses needed more
promptly than our contractors are required to perform them, and other
special techniques, such as neutron activation analysis. With current
contractor capabilities we do not believe that a significant realloca-
tion of our total analysis to contractors is feasible.
C-I-16
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ADDENDUM B: ANN ARBOR FACILITY HISTORY
As far back as raid-October of 196?, personnel of the National Air
Pollution Control Center (NAPCA) had laid tentative plans for a special
purpose building specifically designed for the unique types of emission
testing to be encountered in the motor vehicle pollution control program.
Although a tentative signal was given to proceed with the general build-
ing design, no site had been selected. Part of the urgency for a new
building was the need for a large truck chassis dynamometer as a result
of a test procedure development program for the certification of heavy-
duty gasoline powered vehicles. A special chassis dynamometer was
contracted for, designed, and custom built; however, it had to be put in
storage in 1968 when plans for this first building (or other possible
leased buildings) failed to materialize in time.
The proposed building was approved late in December 1968. In the
meantime, a general area northeast of Ann Arbor was delineated as the
most desirable location for the building site. NAPCA then requested
that a transferable option be obtained on a suitable site in this area.
On Feb. 9j 1969? the general requirements were outlined for a site that
GSA would option. GSA surveyed the area without success, then recom-
mended on April JO, 1969 that the geographical area be enlarged and that
a complete project, including construction of the building, be solicited
by "lease acquisition procedural methods." As this was agreed to, GSA
advertised for a build-lease facility in June, 1969.
Five sites were recommended in August; by mid-September, two
potential lessors had been selected. Offers were received on Sept. 25,
1969; the low bid was by Kassob-Joseph, Inc. of Toledo, Ohio, for the
annual rental value of $1,529>500 for a building costing about
$10,000,000. Various difficulties and considerations forced a delay in
proceedings, but NAPCA finally issued a letter of acceptance to^Kassob-
Joseph on Jan. 21, 1970 agreeing to pay $1,535?000 rent on an annual
basis. A final completion date, after two time extensions, of Sept. 23,
1971 was established and the site work was started on June 21, 1970.
Actual completion dates were divided into different phases of construc-
tion. The total gross area of the facility is 116,000 square feet.
Phase I consists of three parts, A, B, and C. Phase I-A and I-B were
accepted by the Government for delivery, beneficial use, and occupancy
on August 2, 1971. These sections of Phase I represent about 37,000
square feet or 32 percent of the gross space and contain heavy-duty
testing areas, chemical and instrumental support labs, craft shops, and
chassis dynamometer test cells for evaluation and development purposes.
Phase II, I-C, and the offices were accepted as of Sept. 21, 1971.
Phase I-C represents 8 percent of the gross area and contains the
mechanical equipment for the building. Phase II contains emission
testing equipment for light-duty vehicles and represents about 30,000
square feet of space. The office wing is L-shaped and contains approx-
imately 19,000 square feet of space.
C-I-17
-------
Phase III was accepted for beneficial occupancy as of Nov. 1, 1971.
This area contains heavy-duty chassis dynamometers and engine testing
rooms for development and evaluation purposes and contains about 21,000
square feet of space.
Three rooms in the laboratory were left partially completed until
final specifications were developed. They are classified as environ-
mental control rooms. They are:
Room 303-A. This is a chassis dynamometer room for light-duty
vehicles with a temperature range of 350° to 120°F and a humidity
variation of 10 to 90 percent relative humidity. The work outlined
for this chassis dynamometer room is 100 percent scheduled for the
procedures development branch. Their main use of this room will be
twofold. One is to continually establish and validate temperature
and humidity correction factors for nitrogen oxides emissions on
new control systems as they become available. This facility is
desired by December 1971 for evaluation of 1973 vehicle control
systems. This work cannot be done by contract because manufacturer-
owned prototype vehicles would be involved and are confidential.
The second use is to establish new procedures utilizing temperature
and humidity effects. This portion of testing could be let out to
private contractors, except as it may relate to advance control
systems concepts. The cost of finishing the room is estimated to
be $319,000.
Room U27. At the present time it is to be converted to gas turbine
testing of the engine-dynamometer type. Considerable work would
have to be done in finishing and converting this room for this
specialized type of testing. As a turbine test room this would be
supported 100 percent by the Emission Control Technology Branch.
The conversion cost is estimated at $105,000.
Room 325. It has been planned for chassis dynamometer testing of
light- and medium-duty vehicles and is to have a temperature range
of -50° to 120°F and 10 to 90 percent relative humidity control.
The work planned for this room is about 75 percent usage in test-
ing vehicles with advance powerplants or vehicles involved in the
Clean Car Incentive Program. ' Recent legislation requires verifi-
cation of emission systems in that they should not adversely affect
the performance and safety of vehicles at the variety of ambient
conditions found in the United States. At the present time, it is
proposed to finish this room for operation at normal atmospheric
testing conditions but to install necessities now (such as insul-
ated floors) for conversion later for low temperature and high
humidity conditions. The estimated cost of the preliminary work
needed for normal testing is $165,000.
C-I-18
-------
TABLE C-l
LABORATORY RESOURCES - OFFICE OF AIR PROGRAMS
RESEARCH TRIANGLE, N.C.
o
H
Program Code
Environmental Standards - Air
110501 Sampling Network Operations
110502 National Aerometric Data
Information Service
Abatement & Control - Stationary
Sources of Air Pollution
Research, Development &
Demonstration
121101 Particulate Control
121102 Short-Term SOX Control
121103 Long-Term SOX Control
12110U NOX Control
121105 Control Technology - Other
Pollutants
121106 Land Use Planning &
Transportation
Emission Standards & Regulations
121301 New Source Performance Standards
121302 Industry Studies
121303 Hazardous Pollutants & Standards
12130l| Review, Approval, & Promulgation
of Enforcement Plansc
Enforcement
121501 Emergency Episode Control"3-
12150U Surveillance of Federal/State
Standards0
General Assistance, Environmental
Planning & Training - Air
Financial Assistance - State,
Interstate & Local Programs
130101 Control Program Grants -
Administration
Technical Assistance
130202 Air Quality Management &
Procedures Development
FY?2
$1000
2,279
690
500
16,083
U,236
1,585
185
515
1,925
2,030
592
790
850
369
^,567
1,915
M/Y
76
26
h
65
2k
9
3
3
38
30
12
36
10
25
1
52
FY73
$1000
2,620
700
2,710
10,709
M57f
^,590
1,830
750
1,955
2,050
592
800
870
1,670
50,5^0
1,915
M/Y
117
32
7
58
18
16
15
6
38
30
12
36
12
121;
1
52
FY7U
$1000
2,620
7^0
3,150
8,080
2,500
8,H50
U,820
3,000
1,955
3,100
590
800
850
3,300
60,000
2,635
M/Y
117
3U
12
^7
11
35
22
7
38
ho
12
36
10
176
1
69
FY75
$1000
2,620
770
^,670
5,500
5,000
10,700
8,000
3,800
1,955
I;, 000
590
800
850
3,900
65,000
2,700
M/Y
117
35
17
37
21
ko
35
8
38
^5
12
36
10
176
1
70
FY76
$1000
2,620
810
5,260
U,500
5,000
19,500
iU,ooo
U,200
1,955
U,ooo
590
800
850
3,900
68,000
2,300
M/Y
117
37
17
33
21
ho
h5
9
38
h5
12
36
10
176
l
66
FY77
$1000
2,620
850
2,130
U,500
5,000
15,000
20,000
U,6oo
1,955
U,ooo
590
800
850
3,900
70,000
2,255
M/Y
117
39
10
33
21
ho
52
10
38
h5
12
36
10
176
1
63
-------
TABLE C-l (continued)
o
i
H
Program Code
130203 Comprehensive Agency Reviews
Technical Information
130301 Technical Information & Pub-
lications
Training & Manpower Planning0
130601 Air Pollution Training Courses
130602 Training Grants & Fellowships
130603 Manpower Development Services6
Abatement & Control - Federal
Sources of Air Pollution
126900 Environmental Impact Statement
Reviews
126EOO Federal Procurement
General Supervision
972303 General Supervision - Durham -
Media
Total Man-Years8-
FY?2
$1000
252
1,393
1,350
3,705
770
2^9
kk
300
M/Y
11
38
32
3
23
10
0
12
5^3
FY73
$1000
252
1,591
1,370
3,705
780
300
95
300
M/Y
11
k9
3^
3
2k
15
5
12
727
FY7U
$1000
kOQ
1,590
1,370
2,520
860
330
100
320
M/Y
19
*9
3k
3
26
16
5
13
832
FY75
$1000
USD
1,590
1,370
1,890
900
350
100
330
M/Y
21
U9
.3U
3
27
18
5
13
868
FY76
$1000
500
1,590
1,370
1,260
9l|0
380
110
350
M/Y
2k
k9
3k
2
28
19
6
Ik
879
FY77
$1000
525
1,590
1,370
630
990
Uio
120
360
M/Y
25
U9
3k
1
30
20
6
lU
882
Temporary positions not included
Operational mechanisms and Federal/Regional/State roles need clarification
cNumber of positions to be decentralized undefined at present
d
Three positions for air surveillance support from ORM at Technical Center; projections assume increasing Regional Office
roles
eTotals include 11 positions for career development not housed at Research Triangle
g
$25,000 over ceiling request not included; 10 and 17 additional positions would be required in '73 and '7k respectively,
and 7 thereafter.
-------
TABLE C-2
LABORATORY RESOURCES - OFFICE OF AIR PROGRAMS
ANN ARBOR, MICH.
O
H
ro
H
Program Code
Abatement & Control - Mobile Sources
of Air Pollution
Research, Development &
Demonstration
122101 Advanced Automotive Power
Systems Program
122102 Federal Clean Air Incentive
Program and Procurement
Emission Standards & Regulations
122301 Mobile Source Regulations
Development
122302 Motor Vehicle Fuel Regulations
Development
Monitoring
122^01 In-Use Mobile Enforcement
Enforcement
122501 New Mobile Source Enforcement
Total Man-Year sa
FY72
$1000
7,200
3,671
3,755
9
2,1*90
1,300
M/Y
27
10
61
—
lU
U5
157
FY73
$1000
10,882.1
—
3,861
1*0
3,700
2,225
M/Y
52
.—
75
3
22
102
25U
FY7l|
$1000
16,100
— •
^,500
1,000
U, 700
2,900
M/Y
60
~
80
5
28
120
293
FY75
$1000
12,700
•
5,200
800
5,300
3,000
M/Y
55
—
80
5
33
123
296
FY76
$1000
1,000
—
5,200
Uoo
5,600
3,100
M/Y
25
—
80
5
35
128
273
FY77
$1000
500
—
5,000
125
5,700
3,200
M/Y
10
~
80
h
37
130
261
aTemporary positions not included
-------
SECTION II: OFFICE OF WATER PROGRAMS
This section presents the Office of Water Programs (OWP) laboratory
needs as determined by the best available data. Currently, there are
19 EPA program areas for which OWP has some responsibility. Of
these, all but five will be carried out either at Headquarters or in the
Regional Offices. Three of these five have operating laboratories that
are of concern here. Other areas of program concern have been decen-
tralized, and laboratory requirements are the responsibility of the
Regions. The three codes with OWP Headquarters related activities are:
310000, Environmental Standards - Water; 321000, Abatement and Control -
Industrial Sources of Water Pollution; and 330000, General Assistance,
Environmental Planning and Environmental Training - Water. Two addi-
tional codes are planning for laboratory needs as early as FY 197^-j or sooner
if resources can be made available. These codes are: 320000, Abatement
and Control - Municipal Sources of Water Pollution; and 326000, Abate-
ment and Control - Oil and Hazardous Materials Spills.
Organization and Facilities
The current organizational structure is presented in Figure C-4.
Those areas in the structure concerned with operating laboratories are
the Water Supply Programs Divisions, the Applied Technology Division, and
the Manpower Development Staff. Future laboratory needs have been
identified for the Municipal Waste Water Programs Division and the Oil
and Hazardous Materials Division.
Program areas with operating laboratories (310000, 329000, 330000)
are conducted at four field locations: Cincinnati, Ohio; Narragansett,
R.I.; Gig Harbor, Wash.; and Dauphin Island, Ala. All four house opera-
tions of the Division of Water Supply. The Manpower Development Staff
and the Applied Technology Division maintain laboratories in Cincinnati.
Sites have not been selected for codes without current field activities
operations.
Figure C-5 presents OWP's concept for management of its field
facilities and programs. Program direction, operational direction, and
supervision planned for OWP follow the same management lines as ORM's.
In addition, there is a strong interface with the decentralized regional
components of the programs. Executive officers are the focal points for
the provision of services from outside organizations (buildings, con-
tracting, and personnel) and for any centralized facility services (for
example, analytical laboratories and library).
C-II-1
-------
DEPUTY ASSISTANT ADMINISTRATOR
FOR
WATER PROGRAMS
Manpower
Development
Staff
o
H
H
ro
Director
Pollution Source Control
Programs
Director
Standards Development
and
Implementation Programs
Applied
Technology
Division
Municipal
Waste Water
Programs
Division
Planning
and Interagency
Programs
Division
Oil and
and Hazardous
Materials
Division
Water Quality
Standards
Division
Water
Pro
Div
FIGURE C-k. OFFICE OF WATER PROGRAMS ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE
-------
Deputy Assistant Administrator
for
Water Programs
-Program Director
o
i
H
H
vi.
Executive Offices
Centralized Facility
Services
Regional
Programs
Program in
•Field Facility
Outside Services.
FIGURE C-5. OFFICE OF WATER PROGRAMS FIELD FACILITIES MANAGEMENT CONCEPT
-------
The Water Supply Programs Division is the only EPA activity that
produces or protects products (public water supply and shellfish) from
the environment. Other EPA activities are geared to prevent public
byproducts from entering the environment. Reflecting this situation,
there are two pieces of legislation authorizing OWP activities and,
thus, some differences in concept regarding the field laboratories.
One of the most important problems facing the water supply programs
is the establishment of adequate facilities to meet its needs. Current
facilities are summarized in Table C-J- The laboratories should be
established and maintained as a group of research and technical support
facilities for the direct support of the programs. Liaison and close
working relationships should be maintained between them and the water
pollution control laboratories to provide for the exchange of technical
information among the laboratories during emergencies or on other highly
important problems facing the water supply or the water pollution
control programs. These relationships will be influenced by their
geographical locations. Where the two types of laboratories are located
on adjoining sites ( such as the National Marine Water Quality Research
Laboratory and the Northeast Water Supply Laboratory in Narragansett,
R.I.), a plan for joint use of sophisticated and expensive research
equipment (such as the mass spectrometer and electron microscope) should
be established and followed.
The projection of needs for additional laboratory facilities is made
within the framework of certain concepts as follows:
e Laboratories shall be located in strategic areas where impor-
tant and/or unique water supply problems exist
e To the extent possible, new facilities or expansion of exist-
ing facilities will be constructed in proximity with existing
or proposed water pollution laboratories. This allows for
joint use of expensive and complicated analytical and other
instrumentation, including the attendant staff to operate these
pieces of equipment; special consideration must be made for
adequate sources of marine water at some laboratories because
of responsibilities dealing with shellfish and specialized
facilities such as aquarium rooms, pilot plants, and the like
must be available to each program; arrangements could also be
made for central services such as GSA Car Pool, GSA store,
library facilities, and maintenance services
o The activities carried out in the several laboratories will be
coordinated in planning, execution, and evaluation to ensure
maximum utilization of facility and personnel resources
o In addition to multidiscipline-oriented laboratories, the
facilities will be provided with sufficient space designed and
equipped for the high volume analytical and other services
required to provide assistance to the technical operations arm
of the water supply programs
C-II-U
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TABLE C-3
EXISTING LABORATORY RESEARCH FACILITIES, WATER SUPPLY PROGRAMS
Name and
Location
Northwestern Water
Hygiene Laboratory
Gig Harbor, Wash.
Gulf Coast Water
Hygiene Laboratory
Dauphin Island, Ala.
Northeastern Water
Supply Laboratory
Narr agans ett, R.I.
Cincinnati Water
Hygiene Laboratory
Cincinnati, Ohio
Occupancy
Status
Temporary Building
State Owned
Government Owned
Government Owned
Privately Owned
Rented
Gross
Space
(sq ft)
3,700
12, 000
20,000
12,000
Staff
Capacity
7
23
33
35
On Board
12
25
35
30
Types of
Laboratory Facilities
Bacteriology, virology,
limited chemistry capabil-
ity, small wet laboratory
Similar to the Northeast
Laboratory
Chemistry, virology,
microbiology, toxicology,
wet laboratory with water
temperature control
Chemistry, microbiology,
toxicology, pilot plant
for water treatment
studies
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o Staffing of the individual laboratories will take into consid-
eration the important and unique water supply and shellfish
problems identified with the particular geographical area of
the laboratory.
Table C-h lists additional laboratory facilities for water
supply programs including completely new facilities located in strate-
gically important geographic areas as well as modifications and addi-
tions to existing facilities.
The other water programs are more flexible as regards location, but
sites should be selected so that they can receive direct analytical and
support services from other EPA laboratories. For training programs, the
availability of technical expertise to provide lectures should be con-
sidered; in the areas of both training and technical assistance, the
availability of speciality, technical expertise, and equipment for ana-
lytical purposes is a requirement. Pending the development and main-
tenance of adequate mechanisms to assure these services, OWP does not
plan laboratory needs for these special purposes.
The water supply laboratories will house the principal operations,
including program development and evaluation support, development of
water supply and shellfish standards, technical support and evaluation
of regional water supply activities, and technical assistance. The
technical support activities of the Applied Technology Division are
designed to provide consultation to headquarters and regions, conduct
special studies, provide for centralized low-level radionuclide anal-
ysis in water for the Regions, and serve as a manpower pool for short-
term increased regional needs. The direct training activities of the
Manpower Development Staff are responsible for developing and con-
ducting short-term in-house training courses. These courses are con-
ducted either at the central facility or in cooperation with the regional
training officers at any appropriate site. Many technical courses
require specialized talent and laboratories that are borrowed for
special lectures from local resources.
The four existing water supply facilities will be summarized as
a program package. Other programs are discussed separately. All have
a priority of 1 since they are required by law. A detailed laboratory
facility requirement report including discussion of additional facilities
and details on expansion of current facilities is available.
These Water Supply Laboratories as a group are faced with con-
straints and deficiencies in terms of their capabilities for fully and
effectively serving the needs of the programs. In general, these are
inadequacies in size and type of facilities, understaffing in terms of
numbers of professional and support personnel for the many problems on
which work should be conducted, and lack' of professional and technical
personnel and laboratory space for technical support to the operations
C-II-6
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TABLE C-4
PROPOSED ADDITIONAL LABORATORY RESEARCH FACILITIES, WATER SUPPLY PROGRAMS
Name and
Location
Northwestern Water
Supply Laboratory
Manchester, Wash.
Gulf Coast Water
Hygiene Laboratory
Dauphin Island, Ala.
Northeastern Water
Supply Laboratory
Narragansett, R.I.
Cincinnati Water
Hygiene Laboratory
Cincinnati, Ohio
Southwestern Water
Supply Laboratory
Calif., Nev., or
Ariz.
Northwest Water
Treatment
Laboratory
Proposed
Facility
New Building on
Government Site
Modifications and
Additions to
Present Facility
Modifications and
Additions to
Present Facility
Space in New Pro-
posed EPA Building
New Building on
Government Site
Q
a. Stationary Unit
at a Community
Water Supply
Diversion Point
b. Two Unit Mobile
Water Treatment
Plant
Gross
Space
(sq ft)
18,1*00
ll*, 000
19,200
18, 000
18, 000
5, ooo
Additional (A)
or Total (T)
Staff
1*0 (T)
13 (A)
30 (A)
1*0 (T)
1*0 (T)
8
7
Estimated
Cost,
$1000
1,820
1,120
2,1*00
500
1,800
300
Status
Site acquired, plans
and specifications
completed
Preliminary planning
completed
Plans and specifi-
cations completed
Funds required for
furniture and equip-
ment only
Preliminary planning
initiated
o
I
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unit must be located at the raw water sources; therefore, existing or proposed
facilities in the northwest will not be suitable.
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GULF COAST WATER HYGIENE LABORATORY, DAUPHIN ISLAND, ALA.
The Gulf Coast Water Hygiene Laboratory, as in the case of the
Northeast Water Supply Laboratory, is currently overcrowded and in
critical need of laboratory space for investigations involving virology,
chemistry, and biotoxicology. Efforts in the Gulf Coast area do not
essentially duplicate activities in the northeast. The studies con-
ducted at the Gulf Coast laboratories are designed around the climatic,
hydrographic, and other peculiarities of the area that present quite
different problems than prevail in the less temperate northeast area.
There is a need to provide laboratory facilities designed and equipped
for analytical and technical support to the operating arm of the water
supply programs. To provide for these additional laboratory facilities,
preliminary plans have been developed and submitted for internal review
and consultation with facility management personnel. The plan includes
a minimum of alterations to the present structure. In fact, the labora-
tory modules will receive little if any modification, although they may
be reassigned to other purposes than the specific discipline for which
they are currently used.
This facility provides for:
e The development of improved analytical methods, including
evaluation and standardization, for identifying chemical,
biological, and viral contaminants in drinking, recreational,
and food producing waters
c Studies of harmful or potentially harmful biological sub-
stances in the freshwater and marine environments
o Technical assistance to the water supply operations program
and technical services to the states and other Federal agencies
on problems related to water supply in the southeastern areas
of the United States.
C-11-10
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NORTHEASTERN WATER SUPPLY LABORATORY, NARRAGANSETT, R.I.
Activities are currently conducted at the Shellfish Sanitation
Research Center. Plans are under development to add another 19,200
square feet of space to the Narragansett complex thereby permitting the
expansion of water supply activities. The functional utility of the
Narragansett Laboratory will thus be increased by permitting additional
activities to be carried out in support of the overall program in
virology, providing specialized facilities for hazardous research on
pathogenic organisms and toxic chemicals,, and providing facilities for
laboratory and technical assistance support to regional programs. The
proposed facility will include laboratories that will allow study with
highly infectious agents, including virus and infectious bacteria and
protozoans. The facility will also allow for investigation of highly
potent marine toxins such as that of paralytic shellfish poison.
The construction of these additions is an example of the opportunity
for the water supply programs and the water pollution control programs
to operate cooperatively in facilities in close proximity and for mutual
benefit. It would be desirable that the proposed additions and modifi-
cations to the Northeastern Water Supply Laboratory and the proposed
National Marine Water Quality Laboratory be constructed simultaneously
and that the design and operation of these facilities be of such nature
that mutual use of such facilities, equipment, and services may be
maximized. The FY 1967 appropriation included $1,37^,000 for this con-
struction. Inflation dictates that supplemental funds will be needed.
C-II-11
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CINCINNATI WATER HYGIENE LABORATORY, CINCINNATI, OHIO
The Cincinnati Water Hygiene Laboratory will provide for a program
of technological studies leading to the development of scientific bases
for health-oriented criteria for water quality, the development and
evaluation of water treatment processes, and the determination of health
effects of potentially toxic inorganic compounds, organics, and bio-
logical substances. The facility will also be equipped and staffed to
relate water quality to health and to maintain a National Water Quality
Register of the characteristics of water supplies in the country.
The current staff is temporarily housed in the Taft Center prior to
moving to the proposed EPA building on the campus of the University of
Cincinnati. The new facility will be provided with laboratories for
chemistry, bacteriology, virology, toxicology and related disciplines, and
water treatment engineering, including pilot plant facilities that may
not be located in the new building. Appropriate support facilities such
as animal rooms and media preparation facilities will be required, but
these may be available as central services provided by the entire
facility.
C-II-12
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OWP LABORATORIES, EXCLUDING WATER SUPPLY
Two OWP program activities are located in Cincinnati, Ohio.
Decisions on other future activity location have not been made. Detailed
facility requirements have been prepared for the entire Cincinnati
complex, Including provisions for special features such as classrooms,
mobile facility hookup, and field equipment storage.
General Assistance, Technical Support
The Applied Technology Division maintains a staff of support per-
sonnel specializing principally in industrial wastes and radiological
pollution of waters. The staff is a mix of engineering and laboratory
personnel. The main functions are to provide:
e Low level specific radionuclide analyses in water to water
pollution control programs
© Special industrial waste surveys
c Emergency support to enforcement, Regional, and Headquarters
needs
c Spe-cial consultation to the Justice Department, Refuse Act Per-
mit Program, and in review of Environmental Impact Statements
o Assistance in coverage of emergency situations such as oil and
hazardous materials spills.
Current laboratory and office space is in a leased facility at
5555 Ridge Road. A shortage or lack of space has required dual occupancy
with other programs. Present facilities are viewed as interim.
A shortage of resources has prohibited developing this group into
a working unit capable of meeting the variety of responses it could
handle.
This group's principal interaction has been with the ORM and NFIC
activities in Cincinnati for cooperative laboratory work. Substantial
interaction occurs with Region and Headquarters as needed, and support
is provided to the National Training Center as needed.
Direct Training Programs
The Manpower Development Staff maintains the National Training
Center in the Taft Center at Cincinnati. Its mission is to provide
training for personnel of public agencies and other persons with suit-
able qualifications in technical matters relating to the causes, pre-
C-II-13
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vention, and control of water pollution. National Training Centers and
central core training themes are listed below:
Cincinnati, Ohio - Control Technology Training Program
Corvallis, Oreg. - Ecologically-Oriented Training Program
Research Triangle Park, N.C. - Health Effects Training Program
Because of constrained funding in FY 1972 and FY 1973> Cincinnati will
provide most of the training resources for the three national programs.
Minimal training resources will be available at Corvallis and Research
Triangle Park. Regional direct technical training needs for all water
quality programs will be provided by satellite activities located in
each Region. National direct technical training centers may play a dual
role by providing training resources for Regions in which they are
located. Regions II, IV, V, VI, and X currently have at least minimal
direct technical training activities and facilities. The other Regions
are in the process of investigating or developing such resources.
Again, because of funding constraints, Regional direct technical train-
ing activities will function at minimal personnel and facilities
resource levels in FY 1972 and FY 1973.
The National Training Center determines direct technical training
needs of a national scope; plans, prepares, conducts, and evaluates a
program of scheduled short-term training courses, symposiums, and
seminars with national interest at Cincinnati, or by special arrange-
ment, at other locations; supports training needs within Region V; pro-
vides consultative services and support to other OWP offices, Federal
agencies, foreign governments, all State, local, industrial, educational
institutions, and other public agencies in matters relating to training
and education in subject matter concerning causes, prevention, and con-
trol of water pollution; and plans for, and performs, program support
duties for OWP training operations at Cincinnati and, as requested, for
all other OWP training facilities.
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FUTURE LABORATORY NEEDS
Work in program code 320703 (abatement and control - municipal
sources of water pollution - financial assistance and incentives -
operation and maintenance) is not in operation but is planned to be
initiated in FY 197^ • The principal objectives are that laboratories
in each Region should have the capacity to:
o Provide backup for a Regional Office technical assistance
program to cope with the more difficult municipal wastewater
treatment plant process control problems that which will be
identified in operation and maintenance inspections
o Train and certify Federal and State wastewater treatment plant
inspectors
o Assist with development and implementation of a plant labora-
tory rating program
o Assist with education of instructors conducting treatment plant
operator training
c Develop and evaluate on-line instruments for monitoring of
process operation and control.
Implementation will involve the Regions and a centralized training
activity to assist them. The latter may be achieved in conjunction with
the manpower development program.
Work in program code 32600 (abatement and control - oil and
hazardous materials spills) currently does not have specific laboratory
capability; plans are to begin such an activity in FY 197^- Specialized
activities and resource constraints indicate that duplication in the
Regions of all activities could not be accomplished, although the Regions
will maintain the lead responsibility to respond to problems and call
for assistance. Areas being considered for Regional support are
specialized emergency laboratory response, analytical support, aerial
surveillance and remote sensing, technical consultation, and other
specialized activities.
C-II-15
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TABLE C-5
LABORATORY RESOURCES - OFFICE OF WATER PROGRAMS
(water supply programs)
Program Code -Facility
Northwestern Laboratory
310000 Environmental
Standards - Water
329000 Abatement and
Control - Water Supply
Systems
330000 General Assistance
Total
Gulf Coast Laboratory
310000
329000
330000
Total
Northeastern Laboratory
310000
329000
330000
Total
Cincinnati Laboratory
310000
329000
330000
Total
FY72
$1000
112
76
36
22k
1*60
122
50
632
397
609
90
1096
11*5
723
132
1000
M/Y
6
5
2
13
16
6
3
25
19
20
3
1*2
7
29
8
1*1*
FY73
$1000
112
76
36
22k
1*60
122
50
632
397
609
90
1096
1^5
723
132
1000
M/Y
6
5
2
13
16
6
3
25
19
20
3
1*2
7
29
8
1*1*
FY71*
$1000
291
176
100
567
369
1+70
195
1031*
580
1096
120
1796
209
1621*
ll*9
1982
M/Y
ll*
5
i*
23
17
12
2
31
22
35
5
62
9
1*8
8
65
FY75
$1000
379
132
128
639
527
590
210
1327
763
1273
150
2186
308
2l6o
169
2637
M/Y
16
8
5
29
23
17
7
>*7
28
1*1
6
75
12
62
8
82
FY76
$1000
1*68
359
ll*8
975
5l*7
660
210
ll*17
819
1720
158
2697
321
251*6
177
30l*l*
M/Y
21
13
6
1*0
23
19
9
51
31
56
6
93
12
70
8
90
FY77
$1000
1*98
1*52
183
1133
577
690
220
ll*87
709
1936
158
2803
386
2361
177
2921*
M/Y
22
18
7
1*7
23
20
9
52
28
62
7
97
15
68
8
91
o
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LABORATORY RESOURCES - OFFICE OF WATER PROGRAMS
(excluding water supply programs)
Program Code - Facility
Cincinnati
330000 General
Assistance
330200 Technical
Support
330603 Direct
Training
320000 Abatement
Control - Municipal
Sources of Water
Pollution
320703 Operation and
Maintenance51
a 326000 Abatement and
Control - Oil and
Hazardous Materials
Total
FY?2
$1000
U15
3^0
—
—
755
M/Y
21
16
—
—
37
FY73
$1000
550
U60
—
—
1010
M/Y
21
21
--
—
1+2
FY7^
$1000
75^
500
500
7230
898!*
M/Y
29
23
30
95
177
FY75
$1000
936
520
825
8850
11,131
M/Y
36
2k
35
106
201
FY76 -
$1000
962
520
950
10,105
12,537
M/Y
37
2k
ho
130
231
FY77
$1000
990
520
1000
11,650
1^,160
M/Y
37
2k
ko
167
268
o
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H
Implementation would require FY72 supplement or FY 73 amendment. New water legislation may
require these.
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APPENDIX D
Office of Enforcement and General Counsel
-------
The Office of Enforcement and General Counsel (OECG) plans a
system of national field investigation centers (NFIC's). Their mission
is to provide technical support on a quick-response basis for enforce-
ment field investigations. NFIC's provide specialized expertise and
laboratory analyses on a nonroutine basis for enforcement actions. They
respond to the needs of the Deputy Assistant Administrator for Water
Enforcement, the Deputy Assistant Administrator for General Enforcement,
and the Regional Administrators. In addition, they work jointly with
the Surveillance' and Analysis Division in the Regional Office and with
technical programs in the Off ice of Research and Monitoring, Office of
Media Programs, and Office of Categorical Programs.
Two NFIC's are currently in operation: one in Cincinnati (CFIC)
and one in Denver (DFIC). They provide a highly mobile, interdisciplinary
team of personnel capable of investigating and solving a wide variety of
routine and complex water pollution problems. Table D-I presents their
special areas of expertise. DFIC and CFIC conduct investigations on
specific agricultural, industrial, and geographical (for example, lake
eutrophication) problems and as a consequence are not identical.
In addition, a Marine Investigation Center (MIC) is planned which
will manage a national program of coastal investigation, technical assist-
ance, and other necessary studies related to abatement of pollution in
marine waters of the United States.
An Air Pollution Field Investigation Center (APFIC) is planned for
Research Triangle Park, N.C. This center will provide technical support
for air pollution enforcement actions. Resources have been planned for
enforcement actions involving stationary air pollution sources. The
potential laboratory needs for the Mobile Source Enforcement program
have not been determined. They may involve: import vehicle testing,
assembly line testing, in-use testing, and fuels regulation.
Plans for field investigation centers for the Pesticides Enforce-
ment Program have not been determined at this time due to pending legis-
lation. Nor have resources for field investigation centers been
estimated for water hygiene, radiation, solid waste, or noise pollution,
since EPA does not at this time have enforcement authority in these
areas.
D-l
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TABLE D-l: SPECIFIC CAPABILITIES OF CINCINNATI AND DENVER
FIELD INVESTIGATION CENTERS
Bacteriological, chemical, and biological investigations in estuaries,
lakes, rivers, streams, and discharges
Limnological studies in all types of water bodies
In-plant industrial waste surveys
Municipal waste surveys
Municipal waste treatment plant construction, operation, and design
Adaption of new instrumentation and investigative techniques to
enforcement field conditions
On-the-job training of technical personnel
Gathering and preparation of data for enforcement actions
Survey design, implementation, and completion
Compilation and interpretation of data from records and surveys
Formulation of conclusions and recommendations
Prediction of effects of pollution or pollution abatement on water
quality
Evaluation of waste treatment plant effectiveness
Cause-effect relationships of wastes on aquatic life, water supplies,
and other legitimate water uses
Analog and digital computer capabilities to support field investigations
In-plant control measures and process modification to reduce waste
loads
Reservoir operation and control
Expertise on treatment of specific wastes is available in:
Primary metals - steel, aluminum, lead, zinc
Textile mill products
Meat processing
D-2
-------
Dairy products
Canned and frozen foods
Inorganic chemical production
Organic chemical production
Paper and allied products
Petroleum refineries
Oil fields
Petrochemical processes
Metal finishing
Mercury
Coke plant by-products
Thermal
Radiation
Machine tool and metal fabrication
Beet sugar
Ore processing
Foundries
Mining
Food processing
Pulp and paper
Dye manufacturing
Agricultural drainage
D-3
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Concept of NFIC's
The concept of NFIC's involves three elements. First, the Surveil-
lance and Analysis (S&A) Divisions in the 10 Regional Offices will be
used for technical analyses, field investigations, and laboratory support
for routine enforcement needs. The Divisions are equipped to conduct
routine surveillance, monitoring, and small scale field studies for the
more common pollutants. The S&A staffs provide laboratory assistance to
State and local agencies and assist with matters of quality control.
Second, NFIC's will provide specialized expertise and laboratory
analyses when they exceed the resources or abilities of the S&A Divisions
and will also supplement the resources of the Divisions when additional
personnel and equipment are needed to conduct technical investigations.
Specialized expertise and laboratory analyses are provided on a nonroutine
basis, when necessary for enforcement actions. NFIC's provide technical
support on a quick-response basis for field investigations. The staffs
are expertly qualified to identify environmental insults which support
EPA's legal position in enforcement actions and are a source of expert
witnesses for some scientific specialities. Further, the NFIC's pro-
vide assistance in developing reports on technical investigations which
support enforcement actions and conferences.
Third, OBGC will, in special situations, be able to call upon the
laboratories managed by the Offices of Research and Monitoring, Cate-
gorical Programs, and Air and Water Programs, for technical assistance
not within the capabilities of NFIC's.
NFIC's provide assistance when requested by the Deputy Assistant
Administrator for Water Enforcement, Deputy Assistant Administrator for
General Enforcement, or the Regional Administrators. NFIC's for water
pollution investigations report to the Deputy Assistant Administrator
for Water Enforcement. The NFIC for air pollution reports to the
Deputy Assistant Administrator for General Enforcement.
When possible, NFIC's are to be located adjacent to EPA Research
Centers for several reasons:
e To permit partial utilization of common laboratory facilities
o To develop close working relationships between enforcement
and research personnel
c To facilitate transition of research findings to enforcement
field investigation teams
o To minimize travel time and cost for consultation with research
experts or utilization of library facilities.
D-h
-------
The concept of utilizing NFIC's is based on:
e Providing agressive enforcement activities with maximum
independence of external institutional pressures
o Supporting the inordinate demand of court actions for
evidentiary data
e Providing maximum responsiveness to the needs of OEGC.
NFIC's also ensure economic efficiency, flexibility of resources, and the
capability of rapid cross-fertilization of research findings.
NFIC's provide the flexibility to tackle tough cases on a quick-
response basis when an environmental insult is publicly noticed. They
are a strike-force capability which enhances managerial confidence in
the ability to respond to unpredictable crises and national problems.
The responsibilities of each Center are discussed by program codes.
The resource requirements for each, in terms of dollars and man-years
for fiscal 1972 through 1977; are grouped at the end of the appendix.
D-5
-------
SECTION I: CINCINNATI AND DENVER FIELD INVESTIGATION CENTERS
The Cincinnati Field Investigation Center (CFIC) and the Denver
Center (DFIC) act under the control of Enforcement headquarters in sup-
port of the Regions. Amoung the functions they perform:
o Special water enforcement investigations retained under
headquarters control for a variety of reasons, including
expeditious action and privity of communication
o Investigations of conditions that are international, nation-
wide, or multiregional, accomplished under headquarters
authority
o Investigations requested by a specific Region to meet study
needs beyond its immediate capabilities
c Support of Regions by supplying specialized analyses and
engineering services
e Personnel training, improvement of investigation methods,
and evaluation of equipment.
D-I-1
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PROGRAM CODE: 328501: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL-MULTIPLE SOURCES OF
WATER POLLUTION-ENFORCEMENT
Objectives
CFIC and DFIC provide OECG the technical support required to
enhance water quality by the enforcement of procedures in the Federal
Water Pollution Control Act (FWPCA), as amended, and the Refuse Act of
1899.
The Centers provide sound technical data through specialized studies
conducted by experts in water pollution control. The specialized skills
and disciplines of personnel of the Centers are continuously disseminated
through on-site training and consultation with other personnel in EPA
involved in water pollution control.
Description
Each Center:
o Maintains a mobile group of experienced professional engineers,
biologists, chemists, microbiologists, and other specialists
for rapid response where pollution of the water environment
does or may constitute violations of Federal, State, or local
laws, regulations, or ordinances
e Provides technical support to determine acceptability of State
water quality, and, where necessary, provides the technical
expertise and field investigations needed to assist in formu-
lation of appropriate and acceptable standards
o Provides expert testimony and advice on a wide variety of
specialized technical disciplines, conducts water quality
investigations, prepares reports, and presents evidence in
support of OECG in connection with 180-day notices, con-
ferences, hearings, court proceedings, and other related
procedures
o Obtains information on types and quantities of toxic sub-
stances being discharged to public waters and reports findings
to OECG
o Provides technical consultative services to OECG, Regions,
other Federal agencies, State and interstate agencies, and
municipal and private entities. These services assist
D-I-2
-------
in planning and conducting water pollution control activities
so as to assure compliance with (or prove noncompliance with)
Section 10 of FWPCA, as amended, comparable state laws and
regulations, and other Federal statutes for protection of the
water environment. (Consultative services to non-KPA groups are
provided only with concurrence of the Deputy Assistant Adminis-
trator for Water Enforcement.) Examples of such services include
constituent analyses, treatment of industrial and municipal
wastes, field-laboratory analytical procedures, eutrophication,
subsurface waste disposal, agricultural and feed lot wastes,
fish kills, thermal pollution, and toxic substances
e Provides assistance to improve operation of wastewater treat-
ment plants and develops and improves criteria for the design
of new plants, insofar as required to assure compliance with
water quality standards and enforcement of Section 10 of
FWPCA, as amended
e Develops and improves field investigative techniques and pro-
cedures for evaluation of water quality for its own use and for
use of other agencies charged with enforcement and compliance
responsibilities
e Conducts complex field investigations of pollution control
problems in support of OECG which require specialized inter-
disciplinary competencies, using its own personnel, as well
as other employees of EPA. In cooperation with Regions,
States, and other governmental agencies, also conducts or
supervises large scale, field investigations requiring a greater
number of personnel" than are available at the Center. In con-
nection with such surveys, provides instruction on methods of
conducting field studies
e Acts as a technical advisor to OECG in the use of alternatives
available for pollution abatement activities under the FWPCA,
the Refuse Act, and State statutes.
Priorities
The priority of these Centers is 1.1.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Missions and resources are coordinated with the Marine Investigation
Center to assure the most efficient utilization of water enforcement
personnel and facilities. The Centers will be working with the Surveil-
lance and Analysis Division in the Regional Offices to assure the best
use of personnel and facilities.
D-I-3
-------
There are calls on the Office of Research and Monitoring (ORM^ for
rapid application of analytical research, recommendations for quality
control, and especially calls upon experts for consultation in enforce-
ment matters and for appearance as expert witnesses. These interactions
are with all ORM laboratories on a national basis consistent with the
broad scope of enforcement needs.
There are similar calls on other Federal technical resources including
DHEW, the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, and
the Department of the Interior.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
There are calls for assistance from non-Federal institutions --
universities, foundations, and consulting laboratories. In turn, the
Centers sometimes require consultation, expert testimony, specialized
laboratory services, and assistance in design of instruments and
laboratory automation.
-------
SECTION II: MARINE INVESTIGATION CENTER
The Marine Investigation Center (MIC) performs a number of functions:
o Operates a field station under EPA's Office of Water Enforce-
ment, and manages a national program of field investigations,
technical assistance, and other necessary studies related to
abatement of pollution in estuaries and other marine waters of
the United States, in accordance with provisions of FWPCA and
the functional responsibilities of EPA
o Provides governmental coordination in enforcement investiga-
tions as well as participates in development of marine regu-
latory programs with other Federal and State agencies
« Conducts water quality investigations and provides expert
testimony and advice on a wide variety of specialized technical
subjects related to enhancement of quality of marine waters in
support of the Office of Water Enforcement
e Initiates reports and distributes information on all matters
of deleterious substances discharged to marine waters. Also,
describes effects of such substances and recommends suitable
control programs as well as pollution abatement methods for
upgrading the quality of harvested shellfish.
D-II-1
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 328501: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL-MULTIPLE SOURCES OF
WATER POLLUTION-ENFORCEMENT
Objectives
In general,, MTC's objectives are similar to those of CFIC and DFIC,
except that they apply specifically to marine waters.
Prescription
In general, MIC's activities are similar to those of CFIC and DFIC,
except that they specifically involve marine waters.
Projected Resources
MIC's general requirements are shown in the laboratory resources
sheets at the end of this Appendix. In addition, MEC has these special
requirements:
o Office space for scientists and administrative personnel
(3,500 ft2)
o Laboratory facilities for chemical and biological analysis of
water and other materials (5,000 ft )
e Storage and working areas for boats and other field vehicles
and equipment (2,000 ft2).
Priorities
The priority of this Center is 1.1.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
In general, MIC bears the same relationship to other EPA programs
as CFIC and DFIC.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
In general, MIC interacts with other laboratories in the same way
as CFIC and DFIC.
D-II-2
-------
SECTION III: AIR POLLUTION FIELD INVESTIGATION CENTER
The Air Pollution Field Investigation Center (APFIC) performs the
same functions as CFIC and DFIC, except in the area of air pollution
control.
PROGRAM CODE: 121500: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL-STATIONARY SOURCES OF
AIR POLLUTION-ENFORCEMENT (SPECIFICALLY, 121502, 121503, AND 121505)
Ob j ecti ves
APFIC provides OECG the technical support required to enhance air
quality by the enforcement of State implementation plans, standards of
performance for new stationary sources, and national emission standards
for hazardous air pollutants and other requirements of the Clean Air
Act.
The Center provides this support with sound technical data from
specialized studies conducted by experts in air pollution control.
Description
In general, APFIC"s activities are similar to those of CFIC and
DFIC, except that they involve air pollution. In addition, APFIC pro-
vides capabilities in testing sources of pollution. APFIC can:
o Perform source tests on new sources to assure compliance with
standards of performance for new stationary sources
e Conduct source tests, continuous network sampling, and labora-
tory analyses in support of national emission standards for
hazardous air pollutants
e Conduct source tests and ambient air quality monitoring in
support of enforcement of State implementation plans.
Priorities
The priority of this Center is 1.1.
D-II-3
-------
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
In general, APFIC "bears the same relationship to other programs
as CFIC and DFIC.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
In general, APFIC interacts with other laboratories in the same
way as CFIC and DFIC.
-------
TABLE D-2
LABORATORY RESOURCES - OFFICE OF ENFORCEMENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL
Program Code - Facility
328501, Abatement & Control - Multiple
Sources of Water Pollution - Enforcement
Cincinnati Field Investigation Center
Denver Field Investigation Center
Marine Investigation Center
121500, Abatement & Control - Stationary
Sources of Air Pollution - Enforcement
Air Pollution Field Investigation Center
FY 72
$1000
1,600
1,500
a
M/Y
6k
60
a
FY 73
$1000
1,650
1,650
320
375
M/Y
66
66
20
15
FY 74
$1000
1,700
1,700
600
750
M/Y
66
66
35
30
FY 75
$1000
1,750
1,750
650
875
M/Y
66
66
35
35
FY 76
$1000
1,800
1,800
700
900
M/Y
66
66
35
35
FY 77
$1000
1,850
1,850
750
950
M/Y
66
66
35
35
tt
H
H
Approximately 10 man-years and $200, 000
allocated to Cincinnati and Denver for estuary
and marine water investigations
-------
APPENDIX E
Regional Offices
-------
SECTION I: REGION I LABORATORY PLAN
BACKGROUND
Status
Region I's current program objectives are to provide the following:
e Analytical support in terms of chemistry, biology, and micro-
biology to existing environmental pollution control programs
c Technical assistance to other agencies within the Region for
environmental pollution control programs
e Expert testimony to support enforcement in the Region for
environmental pollution control programs.
Professional Staff
Within Region I, present staffing by technical discipline is shown
in Table E-I-1
TABLE E-I-1: PROFESSIONAL STAFF, REGION I
Title
Discipline
Laboratory Chief
Chemistry Chief
Chemist
Chemist
Chemist
Biology Chief
Microbiologist
Biologist
Biologist
Biologist
Chemist
Chemist
Chemist
Chemist
Microbiologist
Microbiologist
Biologist
Biologist
E-I-1
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Director
Technical Support
Branch
Research, Development, and
Monitoring Branch
Surveillance
Branch
Oil and Hazardous
Materials
Spill Section
Industrial
Pollution Control
Section
Inventory and
Monitoring
Section
Pesticides
Investigation
Section
FIGURE E-I-2. SURVEILLANCE AND ANALYSIS DIVISION ORGANIZATION, REGION I
-------
DESCRIPTION OF LABORATORY SYSTEM
Mission
In the past, the mission of the Technical Support Branch has been
fourfold:
1. Provide chemical, biological, and other necessary laboratory
support to Regional programs for analysis of samples and
identification of pollutants relating to all areas of environ-
mental concern
2. Provide consultation and assistance to State, local, and other
Federal agencies and industry in areas of laboratory method-
ology, techniques, and quality control and provide support
services, as required
3. Insure analytical quality control for Regional sample collec-
tion, handling, and analyses
4. Provide technical expertise in testimony in support of enforce-
ment actions.
Since this mission reflects current EPA concepts, no change is
required with the possible exception of expanding Item 2 above in terms
of laboratory certification. However, these goals as stated may be
misleading since resources now available essentially permit services for
water pollution programs only. Additional manpower will provide suffi-
cient development of laboratory support to all EPA programs within the
Region since other resources are, for the most part, adequate.
Projected Resources
Laboratory resources are summarized in Table E-I-2.
TABLE E-I-2: LABORATORY RESOURCES, REGION 1
Fiscal
Year
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
PRESENT
Man
1000 Years
234 13
--
__
--
—
__
ADDITIONAL
Man
1000 Years
18 2
440 22
189 9
21 1
69 3
23 1
TOTAL PROJECTED
Man
1000 Years
252 15
7^0 37
966 46
987 47
1025 50
1148 51
E-I-5
-------
The rationale for increased resources is essentially based upon the
expansion of water programs as a result of present and proposed legislation
and the emerging needs of the air and categorical programs.
Two positions considered to be an immediate need in the laboratory
are in the areas of technical assistance for analytical air determina-
tions and overall analytical quality control. These requirements are
currently being met with a part-time arrangement that is completely
inadequate; therefore, we propose allocation and funding of positions
for this purpose in FY 1972.
In addition, we are forecasting an increase of J>6 people in
the next 5 years. Since the need to implement these programs exists
now, we are requesting 22 new positions in FY 1973 and 9 new positions
in FY 197^- Of the overall total of new positions requested, 23 will
principally relate to water programs, 10 to air programs, and 3 to categori-
cal programs. In FY 1973? wg propose 16 positions in water programs, in-
cluding 6 in enforcement, 5 in technical assistance, 2 in pollution source
monitoring, and 3 others; 5 positions in air programs including 3 in tech-
nical assistance and 2 in enforcement; and 1 position in the pesticides
program. In FY 197^-, we would continue to proceed in essentially the same
direction but with the requirement for fewer additional personnel.
The priorities in a sense have been included in Table E-I-2; in terms
of specific program areas, they have been discussed above and are shown
in the summary table at the end of this section. It is difficult to define
such priorities now in terms of specifics such as order of need, grade,
and discipline, since much of the requirements lack definition at this
time. We plan to maintain an updated inventory of future laboratory
personnel needs.
The predictions included here are based upon the fact that pesticides
formulation determinations will continue to be performed in the Pesticides
Program Office Laboratory in New York City in conjunction with the current
enforcement program. Further, any future pesticides work in the Regional
laboratory will be confined to limited residue analyses in air, water,
and soils.
Finally, it is apparent that increasing numbers of State, university,
institutional, municipal, and private laboratories are providing data for
use in evaluating EPA programs. To assure the validity of th^se data, a
program of laboratory certification is required. The existing Regional
EPA laboratories can best provide primary response to this need.
E-I-6
-------
Interaction with Other Laboratories
The principal area of interaction as proposed would involve a pro-
gram to develop compatibility in methods and techniques and to assure
competency of personnel in those laboratories where data are generated
for evaluation in conjunction with existing EPA programs. In addition,
the normal requirements for technical assistance and support, particu-
larly to State laboratories, will be expanded to encompass air and
catergorical program areas. Finally, the contact and coordination with
other EPA and non-EPA laboratories across the country- Cincinnati, Ohio,
Gulfport, Miss.- will expand as program diversity and demand increase.
E-I-7
-------
LABORATORY COMPONENT SUMMARY
The following table summarizes, in detail, a revised set of projected
resources (dollars and man-years) for the components o~" the Region's pro-
grams which require laboratories. The laboratory is maintained within the
Surveillance and Analysis Division of the Region, although it may provide
services to other parts of the organization.
This summary table may represent a different set of projected labora-
tory resources estimates than are given elsewhere in this section. It was
obtained by providing several assumptions to the Regional Office and ask-
ing that the estimates be revised in light of these assumptions. These
assumptions emphasized that the Regional laboratories should have a multi-
media role, with programs under way in water, air, land, and other environ-
mental pathways. It was also assumed that the laboratory staff need be
sufficiently large to provide a "critical mass" of expertise and skills to
effectively implement national environmental programs. These summary tab-
les reflect the revised staffing needs, based on these assumptions.
E-I-fc
-------
TABLE E-I-3
LABORATORY COMPONENT SUMMARY, REGION I
H
vb
PROGRAM
CODE
AIR
1J0200
126DOO
126900
121500
NOISE
230200
WATER
310500
320300
321300
328200
328300
328400
325100
325400
320400
321400
322400
323400
324400
FY 72
$K M/Y
9 1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
18 1
-
-
-
-
-
FY 73
$K M/Y
60 3
-
_
60 3
-
-
-
-
-
20 1
-
-
20 1
20 1
20 1
-
-
-
FY 74
$K M/Y
84 4
21 1
-
63 3
-
-
-
-
-
21 1
-
-
21 1
42 2
42 2
21 1
-
-
FY 75
$K M/Y
84 4
21 1
-
84 4
-
-
-
-
-
21 1
-
-
21 1
42 2
42 2
21 1
-
-
FY 76
$K M/Y
90 4
23 1
23 1
90 4
23 1
-
-
-
-
23 1
-
-
23 1
45 2
45 2
23 1
-
-
FY 77
$K M/Y
90 4
23 1
23 1
90 4
23 1
-
-
-
-
23 1
-
-
23 1
45 2
45 2
23 1
-
-
Principally in the Surveillance and Analysis Division
$K=units of $1,000 M/Y=man-years
-------
TABLE E-I-3 (continued)
fd
H
H
O
PROGRAM
CODE
WATER, cont.
320500
321500
323500
321*500
328500
320700
325DOO
325900
326300
3261*00
326500
3291*00
330200
330JOO
330500
330600
SOLID WASTE
1+30200
PESTICIDES
530200
521500
52l!tOO
RADIATION
630200
610500
TOTAL
IT 72
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
11+1+ 8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1*5 3
-
36 2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
252 15
IT 73
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
280 lit
20 1
-
-
-
-
-
20 1
160 8
-
1+0 2
-
-
20 1
-
-
-
-
71*0 37
IT 7!*
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
315 15
21 1
-
-
-
21 1
-
21 1
189 9
-
1*2 2
-
-
1+2 2
-
-
-
-
966 1*6
IT 75
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
315 15
21 1
-
-
-
21 1
-
21 1
189 9
-
1+2 2
-
-
1+2 2
-
-
-
-
987 1+7
IT 76
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
337 15
23 1
-
-
-
23 1
-
23 1
202 9
-
1+5 2
23 1
-
1+5 2
-
-
-
-
1025 50
IT 77
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
337 15
1+5 2
-
-
-
23 1
-
23 1
202 9
-
1+5 2
23 1
-
1+5 2
-
-
-
-
111+3 51
-------
SECTION II: REGION II LABORATORY PLAN
BACKGROUND
Mission
Region II encompasses the New York-New Jersey area and also directs
Puerto Rican activities. Since the country's largest and most congested
metropolitan area is under its aegis as well as extensive shoreline
including ocean, rivers, and lakes and their vessels, Region II's respon-
sibilities are extremely varied. For the purposes of this document,
focus will be on the Surveillance and Analysis Division (SAD) and its
laboratory and field investigation services.
Region II's Surveillance and Analysis Division and the Edison Water
Research Division of NERC, Cincinnati, maintain an integrated laboratory
program and facility at Edison, N.J. This type of operation is highly
beneficial to both activities since it eliminates duplication of sophis-
ticated scientific and field equipment, and fosters cross fertilization
of multidiscipline teams.
The Surveillance and Analysis Division, in addition to main-
taining its own laboratory and field program at Edison, is responsible
for assuring uniformity of analytical procedures and techniques in the
two field offices - Puerto Rico and Rochester, N.Y. - reporting to the
Regional Administrator. As required, Edison provides technical assist-
ance to these offices since both installations maintain only basic
laboratory and field capabilities.
Objectives
Responsibilities of SAD primarily involve providing technical serv-
ices, in the form of laboratory analyses and field investigations, for
the three operating Regional Divisions - Air and Water, Enforcement, and
Categorical. Laboratory and investigating capabilities are located in
Puerto Rico, Rochester, N.Y., and Edison, N.J., with the latter being
the installation for carrying out the more complex and involved studies
and analyses.
The primary thrust of these facilities is in support of the enforce-
ment program. Monitoring and surveillance, for the purpose of detecting
violations in air and water quality standards, are also carried out. In
E-II-1
-------
addition, response and damage assessment teams are activated during all
oil and hazardous materials spill incidents occurring within the Region.
Program Code Summary
The following codes, all in the water area, comprise the SAD program:
310502 Water Quality Monitoring and Reporting
31050*1 Water Quality Control - Information System (Storet)
320*4-00 Pollution Source Monitoring - Municipal
320703 Operation and Maintenance
321UOO Pollution Source Monitoring - Industrial
326301 Spill Prevention and Response
326*100 Spill Monitoring
330201 Major Technical Support
330202 Basic Technical Support
330203 Estuarine and Oceanographic Studies
33020*1 International Activities
330302 Standards and Enforcement
330303 Technical Studies
Present Laboratory Professional Staff
Edison Laboratory Branch
Chief, Laboratory Branch
Chief, Chemistry Section
Chemist
Chemist
Chemist
Chemist
Chief, Biology Branch
Biologist
Chief, Microbiology Br.
Microbiologist
F. T. Brezenski
L. Kahn
B. Deblinger
W. Coakley
R. Becker
G. Karras
E. Karvelis
R. Davis
I. Seidenberg
I. Katz
E-II-2
-------
Rochester Field Office, Laboratory Branch
Acting Chief, Chemistry Section - M. ¥. Ruszaj
Chemist - Z. Dobbs
Chemist - H. F. Moore
Chemist - F. Tedde
Acting Chief, Biology Section - Sprague
Puerto Rico Field Office
No laboratory personnel assigned.
LABORATORY SYSTEM CONCEPT
Organization
Figures E-II-1 and E-II-2 indicate the tentative and unapproved
organization charts of Region II and the Surveillance and Analysis
Division, respectively.
Note that Figure E-II-1 indicates a Pesticides Inventory and Analy-
sis Branch. At the present time, the investigating portion of this
program has been assigned to the Surveillance and Analysis Division of
the Region; however, the laboratory is still under Headquarters' control.
It is contemplated that this facility will become a part of SAD.
Management Process
Unlike the other Divisions within the Region, Surveillance and
Analysis does not have a Headquarters counterpart. Rather, this Division
is responsible to the Regional Administrator, and receives both program
and administrative direction from his office. Technical policy guide-
lines are provided by the Assistant Administrator for Research and
Monitoring in his role as Science Advisor for EPA. The Director receives
general guidance regarding program goals and needs from the Regional
Administrator.
DESCRIPTION OF LABORATORY SYSTEM
Edison Field Investigations Branch
This Branch, which is equipped with a mobile laboratory, as well as
a 65-foot oceangoing survey vessel, will' carry out a wide variety of
complex field investigations designed to determine air emission and waste
discharge rates and loadings, and assess environmental impact and damage
resulting from waste discharges and spills. In addition to providing all
E-II-3
-------
REGIONAL
ADMINISTRATOR
DEPUTY REGIONAL
ADMINISTRATOR
Surveillance
& Analysis
Division
Air & Water
Programs Div.
FIGURE E-II-1. REGION II ORGANIZATION
-------
i
H
Puerto Rico
Laboratory Branch
Edison
Field Investigation Branch
Operations & Review
Section
Chem
Unit
Bio
Unit
Micro
Unit
FIGURE E-II-2. SURVEILLANCE AND ANALYSIS DIVISION ORGANIZATION, REGION II
-------
field and background services associated with these programs, complete
interpretive reports will be provided to the Division requesting action.
The Branch will consist of three sections: monitoring, investiga-
tions, and oil and hazardous materials. All but the latter section will
be subdivided into two units - air and water. The monitoring section
will be primarily concerned with planning, coordinating, and implementing
water and air surveillance programs to determine compliance with Federal
standards.
The investigations section, which will have four four-man investi-
gating teams, will be primarily concerned with planning, coordinating,
and carrying out studies relating to "point sources" of pollution - air
emissions, municipal and industrial wastes, landfill runoff, thermal
discharges, and the like. This section will have expertise and equip-
ment such as unit processes, flow measurement, and electronic monitoring
equipment.
The oil and hazardous materials section is primarily responsible
for responding to oil and hazardous materials spills, 2k hours a day.
It is also involved in assessing the environmental damages resulting
from these catastrophes as well as developing a program of inspection
of terminals, lagoon storage areas, tank farms, and the like, to prevent
spills.
Edison Laboratory Branch
This Branch provides analytical services in the areas of micro-
biology, chemistry, and biology. More specifically, samples from the
enforcement, water hygiene, water quality surveillance, and industrial
and sanitary waste programs are characterized for chemical contaminants,
microbial populations, and biological flora. The laboratory maintains
marine-oriented expertise in the three disciplines since the major study
area is salt water. In this vein, a methodology review program and
quality control program is maintained.
Microbiology Section
Surveillance Unit - Responsible for the determination of bac-
terial densities in bathing beach and shellfish harvesting waters; bottom
sediments; sewage treatment plant effluents; food and paper processing
plant effluents. These activities are accomplished by assaying for
routine indicator bacteria (coliforms, fecal coliforms, fecal strepto-
cocci). This unit also has the capability of performing detailed micro-
biological examinations to determine nature and source of contamination.
For example, biochemical and serological characterizations of the Group
D streptococci are performed since many of these organisms are host
specific.
E-II-6
-------
Pathogenic Unit - Has the capability to detect and identify patho-
genic microorganisms in samples mentioned above. Organisms tested for
are: Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio Parahaemolyticus, Liptospira, and
Staphylococci. Detection systems include biochemical, serological, and
fluorescent antibody.
Water Hygiene Unit - Responsible for characterizing the bac-
teriological quality of water supply and potable water treatment systems.
Membrane filtration and MPN procedures are used to accomplish this func-
tion.
The following disciplines function in the microbiology program:
Microbiologists (Professional) 2
Immunologist (Virologist) 1
Microbiology Technicians 3
University Co-op Student 1
Biology Section
The Biology Section provides qualitative data on macroorganisms
residing in the benthic and aqueous phases of fresh and marine waters.
Prime concern is given to productivity as measured by chlorophyll content
and to ultimate oxygen demands of sediments and water as measured by
Warburg respirometry. The section maintains test animals for bioassay
and provides toxicity data on hazardous chemical spills. It also
responds to fish kills and Red Tide in conjunction with established
programs with representatives from New Jersey, New York, and Sandy Hook
laboratories. Two professional biologists carry out these functions.
Chemistry Section
Oil and Hazardous Materials Unit - Provides analytical services
to the oil and hazardous materials response team. Specific functions
include the extraction and identification of oil and chemicals from salt
and fresh water. Attempts to identify the source of spill materials by
organic and inorganic chemical characterization with relation to source
compounds obtained from oil tankers, refineries, and chemical plants.
Trace Elements Analysis Unit - By emission spectroscopy and
atomic absorption spectrophotometry, heavy metals are detected, identi-
fied and assayed in water, fish, sediment, and aquatic vegetation. The
unit provides expert testimony and toxic metal data for enforcement programs.
Inorganic Analysis Unit - Performs routine sanitary chemistry
on industrial and municipal wastes. Parameters include phenols, cyanides,
E-II-7
-------
fluorides, and arsenic. Provides data on chemical water quality of
streams and estuaries via BOD, pH, DO, nitrogen and phosphorous cycle
components, COD, TOD, turbidity, color, and suspended materials. Most
of the above activity is accomplished by auto-analyzers and wet chemical
methodology.
Organic Analysis Unit - Provides organic characterization of
process wastes and specific residues such as chlorinated hydrocarbon
pesticides. Analyzes sewage treatment plant effluents, salt water, and
fresh water receiving streams for total organic carbon content. Pro-
vides support to oil and hazardous unit. Accomplishes the above by use
of UV and infra-red spectroscopy, gas chromatography, and column chroma-
tography.
Air Analysis Unit - Analyzes for air contaminants. Par-
ticulates, gases, and hydrocarbons are identified and assayed. These
activities are accomplished by auto-analyzers and gas chromatog-
raphy. At the present time, there is no active laboratory program of
air analyses. Requests for personnel to perform such analyses have been
made. Present equipment (Technicon auto-analyzers and gas chromatographs)
is being complemented and modified to meet these needs. The following
disciplines function in the chemistry program:
Analytical Chemists 2
Organic Chemist 1
Inorganic Chemists 2
Chem. Lab Technicians 3
University Co-op Student 1
Operations and Review Section
This section provides the laboratory with a quality control pro-
gram to ensure that data derived from laboratory sections are accurate. It
maintains contact with the EPA Analytical Quality Control (AQC) Unit in
Cincinnati, Ohio. Besides specifying methodology as presented in the EPA
manual, it participates in the round-robin testing and method evaluation
program of AQC, primarily in the area of chemical analyses. At the pres-
ent time there is no active EPA-wide AQC program for microbiology. Cur-
rently, committees and task groups are being established; however, in the
area of shellfish testing a control has been established. This procedure
involves the processing of reference shellfish samples and participation
in a newly established program with the National Shellfish Sanitation
Program and the Food and Drug Administration. Finally, this section is
responsible for automating routine chemical analyses where applicable
and modifying current fresh-water procedures (as required) for salt water.
This activity is important since most of the project study areas involve
estuary and marine waters. Quality control charts and IBM System 7
E-II-8
-------
mini-computer programs are being established to provide overall control
of chemical data. There is no separate staffing pattern for this section.
A microbiologist and chemist from the microbiology and chemistry sections,
in addition to regular duties, are detailed to carry out these functions.
One university co-op student provides technician services for this sec-
tion.
Puerto Rico Field Office - Laboratory Branch
Presently consisting of a mobile laboratory, this Branch is under
the day-to-day supervision of the San Juan Office Director. Technical
direction of the laboratory staff in the areas of analytical methods,
data reporting procedures, analytical quality control, and the like is
the responsibility of this Division. Basic chemical, microbiological,
and biological investigations and analyses will be conducted by this
facility. Trace element, pesticide and/or oil analyses, which may be
required as part of an ongoing program, will be provided by the Edison
Water Quality Laboratory. It is anticipated that laboratory personnel
at this facility will perform a dual function: they will be responsible
for participating in field investigations and studies as well as labora-
tory services.
Rochester Field Office
The Rochester Field Office provides laboratory and field investi-
gating services, in the northern area of New York State, for the three
Regional Divisions. Also, it has International Joint Commission respon-
sibilities, which are primarily limited to monitoring and reporting on
changes in water quality on the American side of Lake Ontario. Also
located at Rochester is the International Field Year on the Great Lakes
(IFYGL) study group, which receives technical direction from research
and monitoring and administrative direction from this office. Region
II's responsibility for this program also involves providing all neces-
sary sampling and chemical analyses associated with this research activity.
The Operations Branch is responsible for providing complete laboratory -
chemical, biological, microbiological analyses - and field investigating
services. Essentially, this Branch is a smaller, and combined mirror
image of the Laboratory and Field Investigations Branches at Edison.
The Technical Support Section will handle such things as all nonroutine
industrial investigations, IJC reporting responsibilities, STORET data
handling and retrieval, oil and hazardous materials spills, air pollution
inquiries, and citizen inquiries.
PROJECTED RESOURCES AND PROGRAMS
The present laboratory staff at Edison, N.J., under SAD totals 19.
To provide adequate services for the Air and Water Division, Enforcement
Division, and Categorical Division programs plus the surveillance and
monitoring program, staffing would be as shown in Table E-II-1.
E-II-9
-------
TABLE E-II-1. STAFFING REQUIREMENTS, REGION II
Needs
Present
FY72
FY73
FY?U
FY75
FY76
FY?7
Technical
Staff
16
29
5^
59
6l
65
72
Clerical
Staff
2
3
3
3
U
U
k
Lab Support
Staff
1
2
3
3
3
3
3
Total
19
3^
60
65
68
72
79
The Edison Laboratory has been operating as a "Regional" facility
even though staffing and budgeting have not been compatible with this
mission. This fact is one reason why immediate and then gradual pro-
gressive growth as shown above is required. The close interaction with
the R&M laboratory allowed for operation at this level. The real stress
point, however, was with inadequate position allocation. The laboratory
concept calls for a strong, centralized, laboratory base at Edison, N.J.
The Rochester Field Office must operate as a satellite to serve the
western portion of New York. Logistics make it impractical for this
area to be serviced by the Edison laboratory. The mobile laboratory,
however, will be available for support if needed. The Rochester facility
has the capability for routine chemical analyses and basic biological
work. It does not have the capability for microbiological analyses.
Consequently, assistance must be provided by the Edison laboratory. In
addition, trace metals, pesticides, and oil identifications will be per-
formed at Edison since instrumentation such as GC, atomic absorption, IR,
UV, and emission spectroscopy are available there.
Tentative plans are for the Pesticides Inventory and Analysis Branch
to remain in New York. Cost for constructing this laboratory at another
location was estimated to be $500,000, and relocation at this time would
be uneconomical.
For FYT3, ^1 people are needed for Edison and the remainder for Rochester
(9) and Puerto Rico
E-II-10
-------
Interaction with Other Laboratories
As mentioned previously, there is a great deal of interaction
between the NERC's, specifically Cincinnati, and SAD since we share
common laboratory facilities and equipment. Also, because of location,
there is significant interplay between the Edison Laboratory and the
National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration's Sandy Hook
Marine Laboratory, Sandy Hook, N.J. In the past, sampling programs have
been combined, analysis performed, and interlaboratory training provided
with this facility.
As a result of the types of programs normally handled by a "Regional
Laboratory," there is always a great deal of interplay among commonwealth,
interstate, and State laboratories. Training and technical assistance
are frequently provided to the Interstate Sanitation Commission, New York
Department of Environmental Conservation, New Jersey Department of Envi-
ronmental Protection, Environmental Quality Board, Puerto Rico, and the
respective Health Departments in the Virgin Islands.
E-II-11
-------
LABORATORY COMPONENT SUMMARY
The following table summarizes, in detail, a revised set of projected
resources (dollars and man-years) for the components of the Region's pro-
grams which require laboratories. The laboratory is maintained within the
Surveillance and Analysis Division of the Region, although it may provide
services to other parts of the organization.
This summary table may represent a different set of projected labora-
tory resources estimates than are given elsewhere in this section. It was
obtained by providing several assumptions to the Regional Office and ask-
ing that the estimates be revised in light of these assumptions. These
assumptions emphasized that the Regional laboratories should have a multi-
media role, with programs under way in water, air, land, and other environ-
mental pathways. It was also assumed that the laboratory staff need be
sufficiently large to provide a "critical mass" of expertise and skills to
effectively implement national environmental programs. These summary tab-
les reflect the revised staffing needs, based on these assumptions.
E-II-12
-------
LABORATORY COMPONENT SUMMARY, REGION II
H
H
PROGRAM
CODE
AIR
130200
126DOO
126900
121500
NOISE
230200
WATER
310500
320300
321300
328200
328300
328400
325100
325400
320400
321400
322400
323400
324400
FY 72
$K M/Y
66 3
-
-
-
-
220 10
-
-
-
176 8
-
-
22 1
110 5
132 6
-
22 1
-
FY 73
$K M/Y
161 7
-
-
-
-
253 11
-
-
-
184 8
-
-
23 l
115 5
138 6
-
23 1
-
FY 74
$K M/Y
216 9
-
-
-
12 0.5
264 11
-
-
-
192 8
-
-
24 1
120 5
144 6
-
24 1
-
FY 75
$K M/Y
275 11
-
-
-
25 1
275 11
-
-
-
200 8
-
-
25 1
125 5
150 6
-
25 1
-
FY 76
$K M/Y
286 11
-
-
-
26 1
286 11
-
-
-
208 8
-
-
26 1
130 5
156 6
-
52 2
-
FY 77
$K M/Y
324 12
-
-
-
27 1
297 11
-
-
-
243 9
-
-
27 1
162 6
162 6
-
54 2
-
Principally in the Surveillance and Analysis Division
$K=units of $1,000 M/Y=man-years
-------
TABLE E-II-2 (continued)
H
PROGRAM
CODE
WATER,
cent.
320500
321500
323500
321*500
328500
320700
325DOO
325900
326300
3261+00
326500
3291*00
330200
330300
330500
330600
SOLID WASTE
1*30200
PESTICIDES
530200
521500
521400
RADIATION
630200
610500
TOTAL
FY 72
?K M/Y
-
-
-
-
132 6
1*1* 2
-
22 1
-
88 1*
-
11 0.5
132 6
1*1* 2
-
1*1* 2
11 0.5
11 0.5
-
-
-
-
1287 58.5
FY 73
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
161 7
1*6 2
-
23 1
-
92 1*
-
11.5 0.5
161 7
69 3
-
1*6 2
23 1
23 1
-
-
-
-
1552.5 67.5
FY 7!*
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
168 7
1*8 2
-
1*8 2
-
96 1*
-
12 0.5
168 7
72 3
-
1+8 2
2l+ 1
2l* 1
-
-
-
-
1701* 71
FY 75
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
200 8
50 2
-
50 2 _
-
100 1*
-
12.5 0.5
175 7
75 3
-
50 2
25 1
37-5 1.5
-
-
-
-
1875 75
FY 76
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
208 8
52 2
-
52 2
-
130 5
-
13 0.5
208 8
101* 1*
-
52 2
26 1
52 2
-
-
-
-
2067 79-5
FY 77
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
216 8
51* 2
-
108 2
-
135 5
-
13-5 0.5
216 8
108 1*
-
5'* 2
51* 2
67.5 2.5
-
-
-
-
2268 81*
-------
SECTION III: REGION III LABORATORY PLAN
BACKGROUND
Laboratories presently under the supervision of Region III are
responsible for providing support for all elements of the Regional water
pollution control program. Laboratory support for water hygiene, air
pollution, solid wastes, radiation, and pesticides programs is presently
provided by other laboratories having national responsibilities in these
areas. The extent, method, and timing of any decentralization of this
support is unresolved at this time. This plan includes resources for
these programs in only qualitative terms since no planning base exists.
Region III laboratories are located in Wheeling, W. Va; Annapolis,
Md; and Charlottesville, Va. The Charlottesville Laboratory will be
moved to Philadelphia during FT72 and will serve as the basis for a
central technical support laboratory. The remaining two laboratories
will continue to provide routine support for sampling in the geographic
areas served by the Annapolis and Wheeling Field Offices. All analyses
requiring special equipment or expertise will be performed by the
Philadelphia Laboratory. Table E-III-1 is a summary of pertinent infor-
mation concerning each of the Laboratories.
LABORATORY SYSTEM CONCEPT
The Annapolis and Wheeling Laboratories are supervised by a Chief
Chemist who is administratively responsible to the Field Office Director.
Technical and overall program supervision is provided by the Chief, Tech-
nical Support Branch, Division of Surveillance and Analysis. The Phila-
delphia Laboratory is under the direct supervision of the Chief, Technical
Support Branch. The three laboratories are operated as a single unit.
Workloads and specific analytical assignments are determined by the Chief,
Technical Support Branch, in consultation with the Field Office Directors
and the Chief, Surveillance Branch. Work assignments are made to provide
for maximum operational efficiency of the three laboratories and for best
utilization of available equipment and expertise.
DESCRIPTION OF LABORATORY SYSTEM
The present laboratory system is composed of a central laboratory and
two satellite laboratories providing laboratory support for all Regional
water pollution control programs. Because of the time dependence of many
E-III-1
-------
TABLE E-III-1: TECHNICAL SUPPORT BRANCH, REGION III
i
H
H
ro
Laboratory
Priir.ary Support
Responsibility
Special Expertise
Staff
Space
Major Equipment
Special Equipment
Work Load
(Surfer Average)
Samples Analysis
Critical Needs
Charlottesville (Philadelphia)
Region III - All Non-Routine Analysis
Fresh Waters Tributary to the Atlantic
Ocean
Sanitary Chemistry
Organic Chemical Analysis
Sediments
Fresh Water Benthos
Chemist 5
Bacteriologist 1
Biologist 1
lion-Professional 0
Temporary k-
Tentative
Requested
Present for Phila.
Lab U.ltOO sq ft 5,000 sq ft
Office 1,300 sq ft 3,000 sq ft
Storage 2,000 sq ft 3,000 sq ft
Outdoor Storage 5,000 sq ft 6,000 sq ft
Atomic Absorption
Gas Chromatograph
IR Spectrophotometer
Autoanalyzer
Titralyzer
TOC Analyzer
Boats , l6-ft John Boat
One UO-ft Trailer Laboratory
200/Month
3,000/Konth
Staff
Equipment in Microbiology Laboratory
Annapolis
Estuarine Waters
Sanitary Chemistry
Bacteriological Analysis
Nutrients
Sediments
Marine Plankton
Chemist 3
Bacteriologist 2
Biologist 1
Non-Professional 5
Temporary 5
Present
Lab 2,300 sq ft
Office 2,300 sq ft
Storage 1,100 sq ft
Outdoor Storage 1, 100 sq ft
Atomic Absorption
Gas Chromatograph
IR Spectrophotometer
Autoanalyzer (2)
TOC Analyzer
Boats
One 36 -ft Inboard
One 23-ft Inboard -Outboard
Two 16 -ft Outboard
Four Automatic Water Quality
Monitors
600/Konth
6,000/Konth
Staff
Additional Space
Wheeling
Ohio River Basin
Sanitary Chemistry
Industrial Waste
Mine Drainage
Fresh Water Fish
Chemist 5
Bacteriologist 1
Biologist h
Non -Professional 1
Temporary 1
Present
Lab 2,600 sq ft
Office 1,000 sq ft
Storage 2,200 sq ft
Outdoor Storage 2,100 sq ft
Atomic Absorption
Gas Chromatograph
IR Spectrophotometer
Autoanalyzer
Titralyzer
TOC Analyzer
Boats One 2U- ft Inboard
Two l6-ft John Boats
One UO-ft Trailer Laboratory
One Automatic Water Quality
Monitor
250/Month
12,000/Month
None
-------
of the analyses performed and relatively long travel time from many
parts of the Region to Philadelphia, the two permanent satellite labora-
tories are needed at their present locations. Many of the analyses are
performed specifically for enforcement purposes and virtually all others
have potential enforcement applications; therefore, it will not be
feasible to utilize other non-EPA laboratories to support surveillance
and monitoring activities.
Major programs now supported include the enforcement, water quality
monitoring, and planning elements of the Regional water pollution control
program. More than half of the resources are programmed to be used
directly in conjunction with the enforcement program. Individual program
elements supported by the laboratories are listed in Table E-III-2.
It is anticipated that analytical support for other EPA programs
will be provided by the Philadelphia Laboratory with the assistance of
the Annapolis and Wheeling Laboratories.
The supervision and administrative framework now established will
be adequate to support these programs.
Because of the special needs of the air pollution control program,
most of the analytical work associated with sampling will be performed
in the field. A minimum of one and, ideally, three self-propelled moni-
toring vans are needed to support anticipated enforcement-related moni-
toring by mid-FY73.
Three self-propelled laboratories are needed to support the water
program. One mobile laboratory would be assigned to each of the existing
laboratories and staffed by analytical laboratory staff. For the pur-
poses of this plan, it is assumed that all six of the needed vans will
be obtained in FY73- It is also assumed that the facilities and re-
sources required to support the monitoring phase of the Refuse Act Pro-
gram will be made available. This program will utilize newly allocated
resources that will not count against the ceilings imposed by the guide-
lines.
Additional resources are needed greatly exceeding the 5 percent aver-
age program growth rate specified in the guidelines for development of the
plan. Reorientation of the water pollution control program to stress
enforcement is placing an increasingly heavy workload on the already
minimal resources.
E-III-3
-------
TABLE E-III-2: LABORATORY RESOURCES, REGION III
i
H
H
H
I
Program
Code
310502
320303
3201*00
320502
320703
321302
3211+00
321502
321301
3221*00
323502
3231*00
32UUOO
321*502
325100
326301
326503
330202
330201
130200
1+30200
521500
610500
Short Title
Water Quality Monitoring and
Reporting
Ocean Disposal Permits
Pol. Source Monit. - Municipal
Enforcement Field Invest. -Mun.
Oper.& Maintenance -Mun.
Refuse Act Permits
Pol. Source Monit. -Ind.
Enforcement Field Invest. -Ind.
Licenses and Permits
Pol. Source Monit.- Trans.
Enf. Field Invest. - Agriculture
Pol. Source Monit. - Agriculture
Pol. Source Monit. -Mining
Enf. Field Invest. -Mining
Fed. Activities Assistance
Spill Prevention & Response
Enforcement Actions
Basic Technical Support
Major Technical Support
Air -Technical Assistance
Solid Wastes -Technical
Assistance
Pesticides - Enforcement
Radiation - Environmental
Surveillance
Subtotal
Major Equipment Items
Total
FY?2
$1000
lU,OCO
-
-
110,000
-
56,000
16,000
138,000
10,000
-
- .
-
10,000
16,000
6,000
12,000
8,000
86,000
98,000
l+.OOO
2,000
-
_
586,000
150,000
736,000
M /Y
0.7
0
0
5.5
0
2.8
0.8
6.9
0.5
0
0
0
0.5
0.8
0.3
0.6
0.1*
It. 3
i*.9
0.2
0.1
0
0
29-3
Pa
1-10
2-1
1-12
1-2
1-18
1-8
1-11
1-1
1-9
1-16
1-5
1-15
1-13
1-3
1-17
l-ll*
1-1*
1-6
1-7
FY73
$1000
ll*,000
-
-
110,000
-
136,000
16,000
138,000
10,000
-
-
-
10,000
16,000
6,000
12,000
8,000
86,000
98,000
120,000
10,000
-
_
790,000
350,000
1,11*0,000
M /Y
0.7
0
0
5.5
0
6.8
0.8
6.9
0.5
0
0
0
0.5
0.8
0.3
0.6
O.I*
l*.3
U.9
6.0
0.5
0
0
39-5
p
1-10
2-1
1-12
1-2
1-18
1-8
1-11
1-1
1-9
1-16
1-5
1-15
1-13
1-3
1-17
l-ll*
1-1+
1-6
1-7
FY7l*
$1000
lit, 000
-
2,000
100,000
2,000
ll*l*,000
16,000
11*6,000
10,000
-
-
-
10,000
16,000
6,000
12,000
8,000
86,000
98,000
126,000
10,000
-
_
806,000
75,000
881,000
M/Y
0.7
-
0.1
5.0
0.1
7.2
0.8
7.3
0.5
0
0
0
0.5
0.8
0.3
0.6
0.1*
1*.3
"*.9
6.3
0.5
0
0
1*0.3
p
1-10
2.1
1-12
1-2
1-18
1-8
1-11
1-1
1-9
1-16
1-5
1-15
1-13
1-3
1-17
l-ll*
1-1*
1-6
1-7
FY75
$1000
16,000
2,000
2,000
96,000
2,000
150,000
18,000
152,000
12,000
-
2,000
2,000
12,000
18,000
6,000
ll*,000
8,000
86,000
98,000
166,000
12,000
-
_
871* , ooo
75,000
9!+9,000
M/Y
0.8
0.1
0.1
1+.8
0.1
7.5
0.9
7.6
0.6
0
0.1
0.1
0.6
0.9
0.3
0.7
0.1+
U.3
1+.9
8.3
0.6
0
0
1*3.7
P
1-10
2-1
1-12
1-1*
1-18
1-8
1-11
1-1
1-9
1-16
1-5
1-15
1-13
1-2
1-17
1-11+
1-3
1-6
1-7
FY76
$1000
16,000
2,000
2,000
92,000
2,000
156,000
18,000
158,000
12,000
2,000
2,000
2,000
12,000
18,000
6,000
ii+,ooo
10,000
86,000
98,000
166,000
12,000
-
_
886,000
75,000
961,000
M/Y
0.8
0.1
0.1
1+.6
0.1
7.8
0.9
7.9
0.6
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.6
0.9
0.3
0.7
0.5
1+.3
1+.9
8.3
0.6
0
0
1*1*. 3
P
1-10
2-1
1-12
1-1*
1-18
1-8
1-11
1-1
1-9
1-16
1-5
1-15
1-13
1-2
1-17
l-ll*
1-3
1-6
1-7
FY77
$1000
18,000
l+.OOO
1+,000
88,000
l+.OOO
162,000
20,000
i6U,ooo
ii+,ooo
2,000
1*,000
1*,000
ii+,ooo
20,000
6,000
16,000
10,000
86,000
98,000
166,000
12,000
-
_
898,000
75,000
973,000
M/Y
0.9
0.2
0.2
1+.1+
0.2
8.1
1.0
8.2
0.7
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.7
1.0
0.3
0.8
0.5
It. 3
1+.9
8.3
0.6
0
0
1+5.8
P
1-10
2-1
1-12
1-1+
1-18
1-8
1-11
1-1
1-9
1-16
1-5
1-15
1-13
1-2
1-17
1-lU
1-3.
1-6
1-7
"p = Priority.
-------
LABORATORY COMPONENT SUMMARY
The following table summarizes, in detail, a revised set of projected
resources ( dollars and man-years) for the components of the Region's pro-
grams which require laboratories. The laboratory is maintained within the
Surveillance and Analysis Division of the Region, although it may provide
services to other parts of the organization.
This summary table may represent a different set of projected labora-
tory resources estimates than are given elsewhere in this section. It was
obtained by providing several assumptions to the Regional Office and ask-
ing that the estimates be revised in light of these assumptions. These
assumptions emphasized that the Regional laboratories should have a multi-
media role, with programs under way in water, air, land, and other environ-
mental pathways. It was also assumed that the laboratory staff need be
sufficiently large to provide a "critical mass" of expertise and skills to
effectively implement national environmental programs. These summary tab-
les reflect the revised staffing needs, based on these assumptions. .
E-III-5
-------
TABLE E-III-3
LABORATORY COMPONENT SUMMARY, REGION III
t
H
H
H
I
ON
PROGRAM
CODE
AIR
130200
126DOO
126900
121500
NOISE
2J0200
WATER
310500
320300
321300
328200
328300
328^00
325100
325^00
320^00
321400
322^00
323^00
32^00
FY 72
$K M/Y
k 0.2
-
-
-
-
14 0.7
-
10 0.5
-
56 2.8
-
-
-
26 1.3
-
-
-
-
FY 73
$K M/Y
120 6
-
-
-
-
20 1
-
10 0.5
-
136 6.8
-
-
-
kk 2.2
-
-
-
-
FY Ik
$K M/Y
220 11
-
-
-
2 0.1
2k- 1.2
2 0.1
16 0.8
-
214 10.7
-
-
-
62 3.1
-
-
-
-
FY 75
$K M/Y
220 11
-
-
-
2 0.1
26 1.3
2 0.1
16 0.8
-
22k 11.2
-
-
-
66 3-3
-
-
-
-
FY 76
$K M/Y
2^0 12
-
-
-
2 0.1
28 1.4
2 0.1
16 0.8
-
236 11.8
-
-
-
70 3-5
-
-
-
-
FY 77
$K M/Y
2^0 12
-
-
-
2 0.1
30 1.5
2 0.1
16 0.8
-
2^8 12. h
-
-
-
1^ 3-7
-
-
-
-
Principally in the Surveillance and Analysis Division
$K=units of $1, 000 M/Y=man-years
-------
TABLE E-III-3 (continued)
I
H
PROGRAM
CODE
WATER, cent.
320500
321500
323500
321*500
328500
320700
325DOO
325900
326300
326^00
326500
3291*00
330200
330300
330500
330600
SOLID WASTE
430200
PESTICIDES
530200
521500
521400
RADIATION
630200
610500
TOTAL
FY 72
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
138 6.9
-
6 0.3
-
20 1
-
-
-
144 7.2
-
20 1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
438 21.9
FY 73
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
200 10
-
6 0.3
6 0.3
20 1
-
-
8 0.4
144 7.2
-
20 1
-
6 0.3
30 1.5
-
-
-
-
770 38.5
FY 74
$K M/Y
. -
-
-
-
344 17.2
-
10 0.5
10 0.5
20 1
-
-
16 0.8
176 8.8
-
20 1
-
20 1
60 3
-
-
-
-
1216 60.8
FY 75
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
362 18.1
-
10 0.5
10 0.5
20 1
-
-
16 0.8
184 9.2
-
20 1
-
20 1
60 3
-
-
-
-
1258 62.9
FY 76
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
380 19
-
10 0.5
10 0.5
22 1.1
-
-
16 0.8
194 9.7
-
22 1.1
-
22 1.1
60 3
-
-
-
-
1330 66.5
FY 77
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
400 20
-
10 0.5
10 0.5
24 1.2
-
-
16 0.8
204 10.2
-
24 1.2
-
24 1.2
60 3
-
-
-
1384 69.2
-------
SECTION IV: REGION IV LABORATORY PLAN
BACKGROUND
The organization of EPA has resulted in strong delegation of author-
ity to Regional Offices. This delegation includes most of the legisla-
tively mandated assignments and Agency missions - including, but not
limited to, enforcement, surveillance, and technical support/assistance
activities. The need for technical data to support all Regional activ-
ities has grown to such proportions that a Regional laboratory is an
absolute necessity for fulfilling EPA goals. Proximity to study areas,
knowledge of a Region's environmental problems, and effective interper-
sonal relationships between laboratory and client all point to a system
consisting of laboratories to support the Regional Office's delegated
responsibility. The Surveillance and Analysis Division (SAD) provides
the core on which to build a Regional laboratory operation.
In Region IV, a technical support laboratory for the water program
has existed for several years at Athens, Ga. The Southeast Water Laboratory
(SEWL) has provided almost all data used for enforcement, technical
assistance to State and Federal agencies, and many other technical serv-
ices. Building on this capability, the new SAD laboratory will provide
the technical support (analyses, expertise, data processing, systems
analysis, investigations, and the like) required by all Regional Office
activities. The laboratory will be established on a functional basis.
Because of the proven practicality of and necessity for maintaining
analytical, field, investigatory, and data processing personnel in a
cohesive work force, almost all SAD activities will be considered as the
Region's laboratory support unit. Requests for SAD assistance normally
take the form of field studies, analyses, data processing, and reporting
with SAD personnel overlapping into more than one activity.
The objectives of the current laboratory system are:
e To provide investigations and technical data in support of
enforcement activities, including the Permit Program
c To provide technical assistance in the form of studies and
analyses to local agencies, States, and other Federal
E-IV-1
-------
agencies in Region IV in matters dealing with environmental
protection
o To provide a program of laboratory and investigatory support
for all other Regional activities within authority provided
by Federal legislation
e To provide analytical support within available resources to
other EPA organizations when unique capabilities in the
Region IV laboratory would benefit high-priority programs
in these organizations
e To direct the Region IV environmental monitoring program
o To collect information and data for pollution source inven-
tories .
Although these objectives refer chiefly to the water program, some
support of air and categorical programs has been initiated. The major
laboratory support for air, pesticides (formulation analyses), radio-
logical, and solid wastes programs is provided by EPA laboratories at
Raleigh-Durham, Gulfport, Montgomery, and Cincinnati, respectively. No
laboratory requirements for a Reg-iona! noise program have been identi-
fied a^ this time. Although Cincinnati has provided water hygiene labora-
tory support in the past, Region IV SAD is now assuming this responsibility
Permanent staff members by discipline are listed in Table E-IV-1.
The number of temporary employees varies; presently, they number approx-
imately 25 - mostly technicians, aides, and clerical staff.
LABORATORY SYSTEM CONCEPT
Technical support is required nationally for all EPA programs.
The broad responsibilities carried by the Regions, however, demand that
a support group be established within each Region. The Surveillance
and Analysis Divisions were established to meet such responsibilities.
These Divisions must have laboratory capabilities to fill technical
assistance and surveillance needs as well as enforcement requirements.
Without Regional laboratory capabilities, the effectiveness of the
SAD's will be diminished and perhaps eliminated altogether in some
program support areas.
As mentioned previously, a support laboratory for water programs
has existed for several years in Athens, Ga. Field laboratories were
established to answer the needs of long-term studies; at present,
two such field sites exist: Fort Lauderdale, Fla., and Naples, Fla. The
primary support laboratory in Athens is located at the SEWL facility.
This laboratory houses three national research programs aligned with
the National Environmental Research Center (NERC) in Corvallis, Oreg.
E-IV-2
-------
TABLE E-IV-1: PRESENT STAFF BY DISCIPLINE, REGION IV
Discipline
Sanitary Engineer
Electronic Engineer
Civil Engineer
Computer Systems Analyst
Computer Programmer
Card Punch Operator
Computer Specialist
Chemist
Aquatic or Other Type Biologist
Microbiologist
Electronics Technician
Engineering, Physical Science,
or Other Technician
Secretary, Clerk-Typist
Administrative Aide
Engineering Draftsman
Total
Permanent Staff
13
1
1
1
1
2
1
15
11
h
2
9
9
i
1
72
E-IV-3
-------
Although the number of SAD personnel is approximately equal to the num-
ber of research personnel at SEWL, SAD activities occupy only one-third
as much usable space.
Except for activities at the two fixed field study sites in Flor-
ida, all technical support studies and surveillance activities in the
field (the eight Region IV states) are conducted from Athens, frequently
through use of field study teams using mobile laboratory facilities.3
The study teams comprise SAD analytical and investigatory staff in
Athens who are brought together as the occasion demands to investigate
specific environmental pollution problems. Surveillance activities, or
monitoring as they are sometimes synonymously labeled, are defined to
be long-term programs in Region IV and consequently are serviced by a
permanent staff backed up by the analytical capabilities of the SAD
program. The chemical, biological, and bacteriological analyses needed
for pollution studies are frequently performed in the field, but the
more complicated procedures must be performed in Athens where unique
analytical capabilities are available.
The joint tenancy arrangement for research and SAD at SEWL has
proved to be one of EPA's most effective working relationships. Not
only are economies of administration and cohabitation realized, but the
arrangement has also:
e Optimized the analytical proficiency of the SAD chemical
analysis group
e Accelerated technology transfer in the fields of contaminant
characterization, fate of pollutants, and certain industrial
and agricultural research
o Exposed the research staff on a continuing basis to the
realities of pollution control problems and helped focus
their studies on these problems
e Permitted joint use of highly refined, unique (to EPA) ana-
lytical equipment and ADP hardware
e Permitted joint use of an excellent technical library.
aThere are three major mobile laboratories, but two of these are
assigned. Construction of a fourth unit will start soon. The use of
mobile laboratories has obviated the need for satellite facilities
spread throughout Region IV.
E-I7-U
-------
Management Process
As a major arm of the Regional organization, the Director of SAD
reports to the Regional Administrator. The Administrator, in turn, sets
the priorities of SAD as determined by EPA national goals. He requests
the Director of SAD to respond to assistance requests of all other Divi-
sions in the Regional organization and to technical assistance requests
of local, State, and other Federal agencies within Region IV. Requests
for assistance from EPA activities outside the Regional structure are
honored as resources permit (for example, special oil pollution and heavy
metal analyses have been conducted for enforcement actions outside Region
IV).
Technical policy guidance for all SAD activities in the 10 Regions
is received directly from the Office of Research and Monitoring in
Headquarters.
DESCRIPTION OF LABORATORY SYSTEM
Mission
To provide sound technical bases for those EPA legislatively man-
dated actions delegated to Region IV, SAD (the Region IV laboratory
support activity) will conduct investigations, make analyses, process
.data, monitor environmental quality, maintain pollution source inven-
tories, provide pollution emergency assistance, and general specific
technical expertise at the direction of the Regional Administrator.
Future emphasis will be toward total functionalization of SAD responsi-
bilities and toward embracing activities in addition to programs.
Program Areas
Information on program code areas is provided in the individual
work sheets. Laboratory resources are projected for FY72 through FY77-
The basic assumption in all program code resource projections is that
the manpower and funding requirements summary furnished by 0PM will be
adhered to as closely as possible. A proportion of the national totals
were used for Region IV needs, and this proportion was based on FY?2
allocations. Where new programs were started (for example, air), a
working base of funds and personnel was assumed at the point of program
initiation.
Table E-IV-2 summarizes the SAD data including projected laboratory
resources. New water legislation has not been considered in the projected
resources.
E-IV-5
-------
TABLE E-IV-2: LABORATORY RESOURCES, REGION IV
Program Code
310500
320HOO
321300
3211+00
3231+00
and 324HOO
325DOO
326HOO
.328500
330200
121500 and
110500
1+00000 Series
500000 Series
600000 Series
Short Title
WATER PROGRAM
Water Quality Surveillance
Pollution Source Monit. -Hun.
Effluent Standards and
Regulations
Pollution Source Monit. -
Industrial
Pollution Source Monit. -
Agricultural and Mining
Coordination and Assistance
Spill Monit.
Enforcement
Tech. Assistance
AIR PROGRAM
Enforcement and Ambient Air
Qual. Surv.
SOLIDS WASTES PROGRAM
PESTICIDES PROGRAM
Athens
Gulfport
Total
RADIOLOGICAL PROGRAM
To be handled by Montgomery
Lab
FY72
$1000
18?
1+3
UJ+
1+1+
__
18
96
66
922
20
—
—
85
1,525
M/Y
12
2
2
2
__.
1
5
3
1+1+
3
—
--
1+
78
FY73
$1000
188
^3
110
1+1+
36
18
96
120
97k
150
20
20
320
2,139
M/Y
12
2
5
2
2
1
5
6
hi
8
i
i
16
108
FY7H
$1000
200
U5
132
1+1+
36
18
105
lH5
790
220
i+o
60
360
2,195
M/Y
13
2
6
2
2
1
5
7
Hi
12
2
3
18
111*
FY75
$1000
220
55
13H
H5
38
36
110
170
79°
250
Ho
60
360
2,308
M/Y
1U
3
6
2
2
2
6
8
ia
13
2
3
18
120
FY76
$1000
2ltO
55
136
60
55
36
115
185
790
260
60
60
Uoo
2,1*52
M/Y
15
3
6
3
3
2
6
9
ia
13
3
3
20
127
FY77
$1000
260
55
ll+O
60
55
36
120
220
800
280
60
60
It 00
2,5^6
M/Y
16
3
6
3
3
2
6
10
Hi
1H
3
3
20
130
-------
Interactions with other laboratories have not been included on
individual work sheets; rather, they are presented below as follows:
e EPA has contracted with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to
provide sampling and analytical assistance in support of the
water quality surveillance program; because of analytical
incompatibility, high cost per analysis, and slow reporting
of results, this contract has proven generally ineffective
in Region IV
e On matters dealing with fish and wildlife kills, SAD, Region
IV, maintains a close working relationship with the Wildlife
Disease and Fisheries Disease Cooperative Programs at the
University of Georgia and Auburn University, respectively
o Each State in Region IV maintains a laboratory in support of
many and, in some cases, all of the same environmental areas
of concern to EPA; the purpose of the SAD laboratory support
group is not to preempt State responsibilities but to optimize
operation of both State and Federal laboratories through
cooperative quality control programs, specialized analytical
technology, and any other means deemed necessary; the Regional
EPA statutory responsibilities will not be relinquished to
State programs, however; generally, the States will confine
their laboratory activities to more routine programs of a
local nature; close communication between States and the
EPA-SAD activity in Region IV prevents overlap of activity;
various members of the SAD staff participate in annual reviews
of State program grant documents; State laboratory and inves-
tigatory capabilities have improved steadily over the last
several years - most State labs have atomic absorption and
pesticide analysis capabilities
e Where EPA is not permitted to provide analytical assistance
(for example, to private industry), the use of industrial
and/or private laboratories is encouraged; a quality control
program controlled by EPA is needed where private labs provide
analyses for Refuse Act permits
o Alternative means of fulfilling SAD responsibilities from
ongoing programs of other Federal agencies are constantly
sought; remote sensing capability of NASA and DOD are examples
of such programs; to avoid duplication, the Shellfish Sanita-
tion Program of the FDA and the diverse environmental programs
of the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Agency are also
explored for input to SAD programs.
E-IV-T
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 310500: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - WATER -
WATER QUALITY SURVEILLANCE
Objective
The objective is to collect and provide timely interpretation of water
quality data for the purpose of problem discovery, early warning of poten-
tial pollution problems, long-term quality trends, surveillance of known
problems (enforcement surveillance), and general water quality management.
Description
This program consists of a Regional system for water quality data
collection and interpretation. The number and location of sampling sta-
tions are determined by program staff. These stations may be continuous
automatic monitors operated by staff, USGS contracted stations, sites
where cooperators collect samples, or sites visited intermittently for
primary purposes other than surveillance.
Data collected as part of the formal program as well as data obtained
by states and other Federal agencies provide inputs to a computerized
storage and retrieval system known as STORET. Program staff interpret the
data for objective reasons stated above. As part of water quality manage-
ment operations, systems analysis and mathematical modelling capabilities
are available.
Special staff capabilities include: computer specialist, electronics
engineer and technicians, sanitary engineers, keypunch operators, computer
system programmer, and systems analyst.
Special equipment includes programmable medium-speed terminal (DATA
100) with CRT, key punch and verifier, slow speed (DATEL) terminal, 10
automatic water quality monitors, decollator, tape drive unit, electronic
shop equipment, Gerber chart reader with paper tape punch, Itek equipment,
high-speed paper tape reader, and microfilm camera and reader. Access to
PDF 8 minicomputers in SEWL is also available.
Projected Resources and Priorities .
Man-Years Priority
12 1.2
12 1.2
13 1.2
Ih 1.2
15 1.2
16 1.2
E-IV-8
Fiscal Year
1972
1973
197^
1975
1976
1977
Dollars
187,000
188,000
200,000
220,000
21*0,000
260,000
-------
Interaction with Other EPA Programs
Information and services from the surveillance program are furnished.
to other Regional (including other SAD activities) and Headquarters
programs for purposes of enforcement, long-term trend analysis, early
warning, Regional water quality management (planning), data processing
and management assistance, and State program planning. The air and
water, enforcement, management, and monitoring (Headquarters) programs
are primary recipients of surveillance program information and services.
Technical policy guidance is received directly from the Assistant
Administrator for Research and Monitoring.
Constraints
Location of the present program at SEWL provides surveillance pro-
gram access to minicomputers, electronic equipment, the large computer
complex at the University of Georgia, and close contact with analytical
specialists and other SAD staff.
E-TV-9
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 3201*00: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL -
MUNICIPAL SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION -
POLLUTION SOURCE MONITORING -MUNICIPAL
Objective
The objective is to develop an inventory of municipal pollution
sources and determine if abatement of pollution from such sources is
adequate or if not adequate, whether remedial measures are being imple-
mented and on schedule.
Description
Through updating of State program plans, construction grant infor-
mation, and direct contact with States, the municipal source monitoring
program is able to maintain an information system consistent with objec-
tives above. Information from the monitoring program is furnished
Regional enforcement and water activities for necessary actions. A slow-
speed terminal at the Regional Office in Atlanta is available for data
processing. A portion of resources is directed to investigation and
lab orat ory analys e s.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Fiscal Year Dollars Man-Years Priority
1972 1*3,000 2 1.1
1973 i*3,000 2 1.1
197^ U5,000 2 1.1
1975 55,000 3 1.1
1976 55,000 3 1.1
1977 55,000 3 1:1
Interaction with Other EPA Programs
See Description above. Technical policy guidance is received from
the Assistant Administrator for Research and Monitoring.
Constraints
The program must be located with Program 310500 for effective use of
terminals, computer programmers, mathematical modelling, and the like.
E-IV-10
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 321300: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - INDUSTRIAL SOURCES OP
WATER POLLUTION - EFFLUENT STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS
Objectives
The objectives are to provide receiving water quality monitoring
for Refuse Act Permit program activities and to provide analytical and
technical assistance on other matters concerning the permit program.
Description
A portion of the staff in the Refuse Act Permit program is assigned
to the Region IV Surveillance and Analysis Division for the primary pur-
pose of performing water quality investigations in the vicinity of
industrial waste outfalls subject to requirements of the 1899 Refuse Act.
Compliance and adequacy of effluent standards are verified through
studies of waste receiving waters. Support laboratory services for
effluent analyses are also provided.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Fiscal Year
1972
1973
197^
1975
1976
1977
Interaction with Other
Dollars
tt,000
110,000
132,000
13^,000
136,000
11+0,000
EPA Programs
Man-Years Priority
2 1.1
5 1.1
6 l.l
6 1.1
6 1.1
6 1.1
There is direct tie-in with enforcement programs, both Regional and
Headquarters .
Constraints
This effort must be located with other support laboratory activities
or it will be ineffective.
Q
The shift in permit program workload to monitoring activities may
require increases in manpower and .dollars in excess of that shown.
This figure is subject to modification to k or 5 positions with
commensurate increase in dollars.
E-IV-11
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 32lUOO: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - INDUSTRIAL SOURCES OF
WATER POLLUTION - POLLUTION SOURCE MONITORING - INDUSTRIAL
Objective
The objective is to develop an inventory of industrial pollution
sources and determine if abatement of pollution from such sources is
adequate or if not adequate, whether remedial measures are being imple-
mented and on schedule.
Description
Through information from national industrial waste inventories,
Refuse Act Permit program, State program plans, and direct contact with
States, the industrial source monitoring program is able to maintain an
information system consistent with the above objectives. Information
from the monitoring program is furnished Regional enforcement and water
activities for necessary actions. A slow-speed terminal is available at
the Regional Office in Atlanta for data processing. A portion
of resources is directed to investigation and laboratory analyses.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-Years Priority
2 1.2
2 1.2
2 1.2
2 1.2
3 1.2
3 1.2
Interaction with Other EPA Programs
See Description above. Technical policy guidance is received from
Assistant Administrator for Research and Monitoring.
Constraints
This work must be located with Regional surveillance program for
access to equipment and expertise in this program.
Fiscal Year
1972
1973
197^
1975
1976
1977
Dollars
1A.OOO
1*,000.
1^,000
1+5,000
60,000
60,000
E-IY-12
-------
PROGRAM CODES: 323^00 AND JZkkQO: ABATEMENT AMD CONTROL -
AGRICULTURAL AMD MINING SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION - POLLUTION
SOURCE MONITORING
Objective
The objective is the same as for other pollution source monitoring,
but focused on agriculture and mining.
Description
These activities include not only inventory activities but field
investigation and laboratory support. Considerable agricultural and
mining pollution problems exist in Region IV.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Priority
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.1
Technical policy guidance comes from ORM. There is direct infor-
mation input to other Regional programs.
Constraints
This work is an integral component of the SAD program and must be
located with other branches.
Fiscal Year
1972
1973
197^
1975
1976
1977
Interaction with Other
Dollars
-
36,000
36,000
38,000
55,000
55,000
EPA Programs
Man -Years
-
2
2
2
3
3
E-IV-13
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 325DOO: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL -
FEDERAL INSTALLATION SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION -
COORDINATION AND ASSISTANCE
Objectives
The objectives are to assist in providing technical advice and
assistance to Federal agencies on the prevention, control, and abate-
ment of water pollution and to review water resources and Corps of
Engineers' projects and applications for Federal permits and licenses
(Section 10).
Description
A limited amount of personnel resources is assigned to the Regional
SAD activity for laboratory support and technical review (especially where
familiarity with permit sites is a factor).
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-Years Priority
1 1.2
1 1.2
1 1.2
2 1.2
2 1.2
2 1.2
This activity is in support of Regional coordination and assistance
program area.
Constraints
Access to support laboratory capability and investigation groups
familiar with coordination and assistance projects is mandatory.
Fiscal Year
1972
1973
197^
1975
1976
1977
Interaction with Other
Dollars
18,000
18,000
18,000
36,000
36,000
36,000
EPA Programs
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 326^00: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL -
OIL AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SPILLS - SPILL MONITORING
Objective
The objective is to provide chemical and biological analytical sup-
port as needed to identify sources and assess damage from oil and hazard-
ous material spills.
Description
Select personnel are located in various disciplinary groups in the
SAD program. Their sole responsibility is to provide"the necessary
expertise and support. These personnel use the facilities and equipment
in the support laboratory for their daily operations, and they work
closely with other members of the SAD team.
The latest analytical instrumentation, sampling equipment, and
skills are applied to analytical requirements and damage assessment. The
spill monitoring group is an integral part of the Region IV pollution
emergency response group.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-Years Priority
5 1.1
5 1.1
5 1.1
6 1.1
6 l.l
6 l.l
This effort necessitates working closely with the Regional enforce-
ment program and, of course, with other members of the pollution emergency
team in Regional Office.
Constraints
The personnel assigned to spill monitoring must have access to full
resources of the Regional support laboratory.
E-IV-15
Fiscal Year
1972
1973
197^
1975
1976
1977
Interaction with Other
Dollars
96,000
96,000
105,000
110,000
115,000
120,000
EPA Programs
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 328500: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL -
MULTIPLE SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION - ENFORCEMENT
Objective
The objective is to provide field investigations, analytical data,
and reports for use in Regional enforcement activities.
Description
A portion of the Regional enforcement staff is assigned directly to
support laboratory operations for the purpose of performing field inves-
tigations or analyses of all types.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Fiscal Year
1972
1973
197^
1975
1976
1977
Interaction with
Dollars
66, oooa
120,000
llf-5,000
170,000
185,000
220,000
Other EPA Programs
Man-Years
3a
6
7
8
9
10
Priority
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
This activity is an arm of the Regional enforcement program.
Constraint
Location of this effort with'other support laboratory activities is
mandatory for reasons of economy and effectiveness.
This figure is subject to revision in FYT2.
E-IV-16
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 330200: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING - WATER - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Objective
The objective is to provide the major technical assistance program
for water quality problems in Region IV in support of Regional activities,
State, and Federal agencies.
Description
A multidiscipline staff will conduct investigations, perform analy-
ses, interpret results, and provide laboratory quality control, consulta-
tion, and review on water quality problems throughout Region IV. The
technical assistance personnel form the core of the SAD staff dealing with
water problems. They have broad responsibilities and deal with a wide
variety of water quality problems.
The majority of analytical equipment, boats and motors, sampling gear,
and the like now available for Region IV's support laboratory is obtained
through technical assistance funds. In addition to routine equipment,
the following are available: spark source mass spectrometer (joint use
with SEWL Research programs), liquid and gas chromatographs, bioassay
field laboratory unit, specially designed microscope for plankton work,
UV and IR instruments, atomic absorption spectrophotometers, Finnigan GC -
Mass Spec, Technicon Autoanalyzers. The Region 3V support laboratory is
probably the best equipped EPA Regional laboratory in the country. Highly
trained specialists on the staff make the laboratory operation effective.
A 2-|-year reimbursable project for the National Park Service is
located at Naples, Fla. The FY?2 budget is $158,000 and 8 man-years.
The project is known as the South Florida Ecological Study. Water
quality monitoring at Big Cypress Jetport is included.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Fiscal Year Dollars Man-Years Priority
1972 922,000 (158,000 reimb) Mia (Priorities vary with
, "type of assistance
1973 97^,000 (193,000 reimb) ^7 provided. This pro-
gram generally handles
790,000 4l top priority assignments.
Includes reimbursable positions.
Includes 10 reimbursable positions and 1 for water hygiene support.
E-IV-17
-------
Fiscal Year Dollars Man-Years Priority
1975 790,000 ill
1976 790,000 ill
1977 800,000 Ul
Interaction with Other EPA Programs
There is extensive interaction with Regional enforcement and water
programs. Water hygiene support has been initiated.
Constraints
The benefits derived from joint tenancy of research and Regional SAD
activities at SEWL are manifested more for technical assistance than for
any other SAD group.
E-IV-18
-------
PROGRAM CODES: 121500: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - STATIONARY SOURCES OF AIR
POLLUTION - ENFORCEMENT; AND 110500: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS -
AIR - AMBIENT AIR QUALITY SURVEILLANCE
Objectives
The objectives are as follows:
e To provide investigatory and analytical support for the Region
IV air quality enforcement program
o To develop an ambient air quality surveillance capability for
the Region and to provide technical assistance to State, local,
and Federal agencies in Region IV dealing with air sampling and
analysis.
Description
This organizational concept outlines the technical support needed to
develop a Regional laboratory work plan to accomplish the objectives of
enforcement and ambient air monitoring. Region IV will continue to develop
an organizational structure reflecting decentralization of the air programs
involving future transfers of personnel, funds, and equipment to the Region.
These support activities should be amenable, in part, to in-house efforts
such as planning and conducting laboratory investigations, field investi-
gations, and supplemental contract activities in surveillance phases of
air pollution control work. The laboratory support activities would also
include special field studies and emergency episode monitoring, all of
which require specialized air sampling equipment and personnel. Other
activities would entail support for State and local agencies in establish-
ing and operating a standard air sampling network and data reporting system.
Future plans include a program for monitoring a new source performance
standard and hazardous pollutants. All of these activities could be fur-
ther enhanced by having access to automatic data handling and processing
equipment.
E-IV-19
-------
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-Years Priority
3b 1.2
8 1.2
12 1.1
13 1.1
13 1.1
Ik 1.1
Interaction with Other EPA Programs
The ambient air quality surveillance program would support the Divi-
sion of Enforcement, the Division of Air and Water Programs, and Head-
quarters.
Constraints
The enforcement and ambient air quality surveillance laboratory
activities must be located with other support laboratory activities or they
will be ineffective.
Fiscal Year
1972
1973
197^
1975
1976
1977
Dollars
20, OOCa
150,000
220,000
250,000
260,000
280,000
3 FY72 monies would primarily cover equipment that would be necessary for
emergency episode monitoring and field study activities.
This figure includes: one professional air chemist fulltime, preferably
trained in continuous monitoring and familiar with all analytical methods
and procedures for all criteria pollutants; one technician assigned full-
time to assist in special field studies and backup for emergency episode
monitoring; and one clerical employee assigned fulltime to the laboratory
for communications and receiving and recording air quality data as needed
for emergency episode and special field studies.
E-IV-20
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 1^30200: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL
PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING -
SOLID WASTES - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Objective
The objective is to provide investigatory and analytical support for
the Region IV solid wastes program.
Description
In spite of limited resources projected for solid wastes efforts,
there will be a need for some Regional laboratory support capability in
the form of technical assistance (for example, quality control) to State
and local governments. Solid wastes control programs are frequently
associated with air and water pollution problems, and the degree to which
this .association is projected for future laboratory needs is reflected in
the resources.
Support for potential solid wastes enforcement programs is also
reflected in the resource summary. The National Disposal Sites Program
will also require SAD support.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-Years Priority
1 1.3
2 1.2
2 1.2
3 1.2
3 1.2
Data developed will apply in some instances to responsibilities
of Region Air and Water and Enforcement Divisions.
Constraints
To take full advantage of SAD perspnnel capabilities and analyti-
cal equipment, this activity must be located with the SAD group at SEWL.
E-IV-21
Fiscal Year
1972
1973
197^
1975
1976
1977
Interaction with Other
Dollars
-
20,000
ho, ooo
kO,000
60,000
60,000
EPA Programs
-------
TABLE E-IV-3 (continued)
ro
o\
PROGRAM
CODE
WATER, cont.
320500
321500
32J500
324500
328500
320YOO
325DOO
325900
326300
326400
326500
329400
330200
330300
330500
330600
SOLID WASTE
430200
PESTICIDES
530200
521500
521400
RADIATION
630200
610500
TOTAL
FY 72
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
44 2
-
18 1
-
-
96 5
-
-
750 35
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1115-5 56
FY 73
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
100 5
-
18 l
-
-
96 5
-
-
770 36
-
-
-
20 1
20 1
-
-
-
-
1465.5 72
FY 74
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
120 6
-
18 1
-
-
105 5
-
-
700 32
-
-
-
40 2
40 2
20 1
-
-
-
1567.5 76
FY 75
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
120 6
-
36 s
-
-
no 6
-
-
700 32
-
-
-
40 2
40 2
20 1
-
-
-
1644 80
FY 76
$K MA
-
-
-
-
140 7
-
36 2
-
-
115 6
-
-
700 32
-
-
-
60 3
4o 2
20 1
-
-
-
1702 82
FY 77
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
160 8
-
36 2
-
-
120 6
-
-
710 32
-
-
-
60 3
40 2
20 1
-
-
-
1781 85
-------
SECTION V: REGION V LABORATORY PLAN
This section details the background and current status of laboratory
capabilities in Region V, specific functions of the proposed Regional
Laboratory Center, a description of the laboratory boats required in
conjunction with the Center, and a summary of resource requirements.
BACKGROUND
The Region V laboratory system, consisting of the laboratories and
professional personnel in the Illinois, Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, and
Minnesota-Wisconsin District Offices, is responding to rapidly expanding
pollution control needs. These demands are increasing not only in the
water programs, which are well established, but also in the air, radia-
tion, solid wastes, and pesticides programs and must deal with new organic
substances, industrial wastes, and environmental problems from many other
areas of technology.
The effectiveness of national EPA actions is reflected prominently
in the increasing demands in Region V. These demands have reinforced
surveillance and enforcement actions of the States. Illinois, for
example, is currently carrying out a vigorous enforcement program that
is outrunning the rate of development of pollution standards. This
activity, in turn, increases demands on Region V for cooperative efforts
in laboratory services and technology.
Region V is uniquely situated adjacent to four Great Lakes, having
vast areas of inland waterways. Mutual efforts between the United States
and Canada have resulted in growing participation in international pollu-
tion control efforts, such as exemplified by the International Joint
Commission (iJC). Increasing contingencies - oil and hazardous mate-
rials spills - further expand the high-priority fast-response needs of
the regional EPA.
Superimposed on these activities, the highly industrialized six-
State area of Region V is creating many new types of wastes, particularly
organic chemical wastes, that also add to demands for laboratory services,
new methodologies, and increased capabilities.
E-V-1
-------
It is in this frame of reference that Region V proposes the estab-
lishment of a Regional Laboratory Center to keep pace with growing and
anticipated demands for laboratory services and pollution control meth-
odology, and to reinforce the rapid response capabilities of the District
Office Laboratories.
PROPOSED REGIONAL LABORATORY CENTER
We propose to create a Regional Laboratory Center in Fiscal Year
1972 to occupy expanded laboratory facilities presently identified as
the Illinois District Office, at 1819 Pershing Road, Chicago, 111.
The Regional Laboratory Center will assume all of the laboratory
functions necessary for the support of the Illinois District Office,
which will maintain its surveillance and enforcement functions. The
Regional Laboratory Center will also provide considerable analytical
support for the other District Offices and will provide new monitoring,
air, and categorical program support. The Center, together with the
laboratories currently in the Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, and Minnesota-
Wisconsin District Offices, will comprise the laboratory system of
Region V.
To provide the capabilities necessary for the open lake monitoring
program, river monitoring, and support of IJC Programs, the Regional
Laboratory Center must be furnished with a laboratory-equipped vessel
and some laboratory-equipped boats. These vessels are included under
the appropriate program descriptions but briefly consist of:
e A laboratory vessel of at least 110 feet capable of providing
safe operation in the open waters of any of the Great Lakes
with sufficient laboratory, deck, storage, and living space
to permit at least a 2-week extended lake sampling survey
e Two laboratory boats of smaller size capable of working out
of harbors on a daily sampling basis for near shore, harbor,
and tributary mouth studies; these boats must be of sufficient
size to permit safe return to harbor if they are caught in
unexpected weather (we have two 65-foot boats available that
were laboratory-equipped 8 years ago; they can be reactivated
to carry this need for awhile, but they should be replaced or
refitted in the next year or two to meet expanded present and
future program requirements)
c Three smaller high-speed laboratory boats of about 1+2-feet
length are needed for river basin work: one for the Ohio
River, one for the Mississippi, and one for Lake Michigan
Tributaries.
E-V-2
-------
Functions
The Regional Laboratory Center will have the following functions:
c Expand present capabilities in the water programs
c Develop capabilities and methodology for chemical and biologi-
cal analyses required for monitoring, enforcement, and surveil-
lance functions in the air, solid wastes, pesticides, and
radiation pollution control programs
c Provide analytical quality control and certification services
for the District Office laboratories
e Develop and provide a regional task force to support special-
ized field needs of the District Offices and their laboratories
e Provide training to District Laboratory personnel in advanced
methodology
o Develop automated, rapid analysis techniques
e Develop capabilities and techniques for analysis of oils,
hazardous materials, and special industrial wastes
o Coordinate EPA laboratory services in the region.
The Regional Laboratory Center will address itself to the develop-
ment of new capabilities and methodology to meet these expanding needs.
The Laboratory will also provide technical backup and laboratory support
in international pollution control activities.
Organization and Management
The Regional Laboratory Center will be headed by a Laboratory Direc-
tor (Chief, Technical Support Branch) responsible to the Director of the
Surveillance and Analysis Division. The Laboratory Director will discuss
the program needs with the Director of Surveillance and Analysis and with
the Directors of the District Offices. He will coordinate laboratory
services and workloads consistent with program needs. He will determine,
provide, and implement laboratory programs, directions, and priorities of
major program thrusts of all of the District Office Laboratories.
Thrust of Major Programs
Program emphasis in Region V will continue along present lines in
the water programs and will expand to include the current and projected
laboratory needs for chemical, biological, and microbiological analyses
in pesticides, solid wastes, water hygiene, air, .and radiation programs.
E-V-3
-------
Particular emphasis will "be placed on the development of laboratory
capabilities in pesticides, organic materials, and automated continuous
analytical techniques. New needs generated by the developing programs
of EPA will be reflected in revisions of the program plan of the Regional
laboratory as required.
OVERALL REGIONAL LABORATORY SYSTEM
Status of Laboratories
Currently there are five operating laboratories in Region V, one in
each of the following District Offices:
Illinois District Office, Chicago
Michigan District Office, Grosse lie
Ohio District Office, Fairview Park (Cleveland)
Indiana District Office, Evansville
Minnesota-Wisconsin District Office, Minneapolis.
All of these laboratories function well; however, to keep up with
growing demands for laboratory services, they need additional staffing.
They have developed varying degrees of expertise consistent with
their special geographic needs and within the constraints of funding.
Instead of scaling up the laboratory capabilities of the District Offices,
the Regional Laboratory Center will be utilized to provide the necessary
expanding program support.
Objectives
The objectives of the laboratory system are:
e To provide laboratory support in chemical, biological, and
microbiological analyses within their capabilities in the
surveillance, enforcement, Refuse Act permits, and monitoring
programs of the region
o To provide technical liaison with State agencies
e To provide cooperative laboratory analyses with Canadian pol-
lution control agencies on international surveillance,
enforcement, and monitoring actions
e To provide contingencies support in hazardous materials and
oil spills.
-------
Program Category Summary
The programs involving Region V laboratories are shown in Table
E-V-1. Table E-V-2 indicates present staffing; total projected profes-
sional staffing of the Regional Laboratory Center and the District
Office Laboratories is presented in Table E-V-3 for Fiscal Years 1972
through 1977. Proposed equipment and capabilities are outlined in
Tables E-V-4 and E-V-5.
The total funding and personnel resources for the laboratory
services of Region V, projected for Fiscal Years 1972 through 1977, are
as indicated in Table E-V-6. The funding requirements designated are
for support of laboratory personnel only and also include funding for
designated monitoring vessels and boats. Physical resources for genera-
tion of laboratories and equipment are not included.
E-V-5
-------
TABLE E-V-1
PROGRAM CATEGORY SUMMARY, REGION V LABORATORIES, FISCAL YEARS 1972-1977
Program
Code
31030Xb
310300b
310301b
310502
320^00a
321^00a
32U400a
326301
328301
328501
330200
330201
330202
130200
230200
430200
530200
630200
Short Title
Great Lakes Open Water Monitoring
Hydrologic Processes and Other
Environmental Phenomena
Fate of Pollutants in Surface Waters
Water Quality Monitoring and Reporting
Pollution Source Monitoring - Municipal
Pollution Source Monitoring - Industrial
Pollution Source Monitoring - Mining
Spill Prevention and Response
Refuse Act Permits
Enforcement
Water - Technical Assistance
Major Technical Support
Basic Technical Support
Air - Technical Assistance
Noise - Technical Assistance
Solid Wastes - Technical Assistance
Pesticides - Technical Assistance
Radiation - Technical Assistance
Regional
Laboratory
Center
0
o
o
o
o
e
o
0
o
o
0
e
o
o
e
o
o
o
Michigan
District
Office
0
o
0
o
o
o
Ohio
District
Office
o
o
o
0
Indiana
District
Office
0
e
e
o
0
o
0
o
Minnesota-
Wisconsin
District
Office
0
o
o
o
ON
JCodes 320300, 321300, and 32^^00 now combined and designated 328UOO.
These codes to be assigned to Region V.
-------
TABLE E-V-2: PRESENT PROFESSIONAL STAFFING, REGION V LABORATORIES
Laboratory
Illinois
District
Office
Michigan
District
Office
Ohio
District
Office
Indiana
District
Office
Minnesota-
Wi scons in
District
Office
Professional Personnel
10 Chemists
2 Microbiologists
3 Physical Science Technicians
h Chemists
1 Microbiologist
1 Aquatic Biologist
4 Chemists
1 Physical Scientist
2 Microbiologists
2 Aquatic Biologists
6 Chemists
2 Aquatic Biologists
1 Microbiologist
1 Physical Science Technician
2 Biological Lab. Technicians
2 Chemists
1 Physical Science Technician
Total Laboratories Staff
Total District Offices Staff
Total
Laboratory
Staff
15
6
9
12
3
^
Total
District Office
Staff
36
21
31
38
12
138
E-V-T
-------
TABLE E-V-3: PROJECTED PROFESSIONAL STAFFING,
REGION V LABORATORIES
Laboratory
Regional Laboratory
Center
Illinois District
Office
Michigan District
Office
Ohio District
Office
Indiana District
Office
Minnesota -Wisconsin
District Office
Total
Number of Professional Personnel
FY 1972
1st
half
0
15
6
9
12
3
^5
2nd
half
27
0
6
9
12
3
57
1973
53
0
6
9
12
3
83
197^
70
0
6
9
12
3
100
1975
91
0
6
9
12
3
121
1976
105
0
6
9
12
3
135
1977
115
0
6
9
12
3
1U5
E-V-8
-------
TABLE E-V-4: CAPABILITIES, REGION V LABORATORIES
Laboratory
Significant Capabilities
Special Capabilities
Functional Work Areas
Capabilities Not
Currently In-House
Regional
Laboratory
Center
1st half of FY72: None
2nd half of FY72: Same as
Illinois District Office and
expanding to include biology
1st half of FY72: None
2nd half of FY72: Same as
Illinois District Office and
expanding
1st half of FY72: None
2nd half of FY72: Same as
Illinois District Office and
expanding all program areas
N.A.
Illinois
District
Office
Chemical Analyses: pesticides,
oil, phenols, cyanides, organic
carbons, DO, minerals, metals, BOD;
Microbiological: coliform, strep-
tococci, salmonella
2nd half of FY72: None
Technicon - simultaneous chemical
analyses, metals analysis - rapid
method
2nd half of FY72: None
Monitoring: water quality,
pollution source - municipal,
industrial, dredging, oil and
hazardous materials spills
bottom sediment
2nd half of FY72: None
Radiochemistry, biology,
virology, air pollution,
water hygiene
2nd half of FT72: None
Michigan
District
Office
All standard biological-
microbiological analyses and wet
chemistry, oils, Hg, Na, K, Cu,
DO, chlorides, conductivity, pH,
bacteria, total carbon, solids,
coliform, streptococci, salmonella,
phytoplankton, diatom, benthos,
algae, biomass
Pesticides, mud samples, dredging,
chlorinated organic compounds
analyses
Monitoring: water quality,
pollution source - municipal,
industrial, dredging, mud
sample analyses - bottom
sediments
Rapid metals analysis for
industrial wastes, radio-
chemistry, virology, air
pollution, water hygiene
Ohio
District
Office
Chemistry: BOD, cyanide, phenols,
pH, alkalinity, DO, conductivity
nitrogen, nitrates, wet chemistry,
water analyses, phosphates, sul-
fates; Biological: diatom analyses,
algal identificators
Preliminary analyses of pathogens.
Chemists and biologists are quali-
fied divers
Monitoring: water quality,
pollution source-
municipal, industrial;
Enforcement: municipal,
industrial
mining sources monitoring*
spill monitoring*
water quality standards*
*Very small part of total work
Metals analysis, algal assays,
radiation technology, auto-
mated analysis equipment for
continuous analyses, pesti-
cides
Indiana
District
Office
Chemistry: acidity, alkalinity,
arsenic, total and organic carbon,
BOD, COD, color, cyanide, DO,
fluorides, petroleum products,
pesticides, metals by AA, nitrogen-
nitrates, nitrite, ammonia, phenol,
phosphorous, selenium, sulfate,
turbidity, solids
Organic carbons analyses - Indiana
State University aquatic biology,
microbiology, special rearing
technique for midge larvae
Monitoring: water quality,
pollution source - municipal,
industrial, agricultural,
mining, transportation,
hazardous spills
Enforcement: agricultural
Field Investigations:
municipal, industrial
Contingencies: oil and
hazardous spills
Radiation technology
automated assembly line
analyses equipment for
continuous samples
Minnesota-
Wisconsin
District
Office
Routine oxygen demand tests, pH,
conductivity, DO, temperature
analyses, BOD, solids
Expect to have soon: nitrogen,
nitrates, cyanide, phenols
X-ray diffraction personnel
capability - use University of
Minnesota X-ray unit
Monitoring: water quality
Field Investigations: munic-
ipal, industrial
dredging, taconite mining
Pesticides, organic com-
pounds, metals, carbon filter,
radiation analyses, oils,
could develop capability in
air quality
-------
TABLE E-V-5 : FACILITIES AHD REQUIREMENT,
REGION V LABORATORIES
Laboratory
Major Equipment
Mobile Units
Regional Laboratory Center
1st half of FYY2:
2nd half of FY72:
District Office
None
Same as Illinois
FY72: 2 65-ft lab boats
FTT3: 3 ^2-ft lab boats
1 110-ft lab vessel
Illinois District Office
Gas chromatographs
Refractometer
DO analyzer
TOC analyzer
Kjeldahl rack
Colorimeter
pH meter
Turbidimeter
Six-channel Technicon
Two-channel Technicon
Atomic absorption
Spectrophotometer
Mercury analyzer
None
Michigan District Office
Speetrophotoroeters
Auto-analyzer
BOD incubators
Microscopes:
A.O. microstar
Dissecting hydrophotometer
Dredges
1 U2-ft lab boat for DO,
chlorides, conductivity,
pH on a continuous basis
1 trailer lab (semi-mobile)
for bacteria, total carbon,
solids for sewer waters
Ohio District Office
Auto-analyzer
I.E. spectrophotometer
6 Kjeldahl units
COD apparatus
pH meter
DO meter
Cyanide distillation equipment
6 micro-kjeldahl units
Freezer-incubator still
Phenol equipment
Soxhlet extractors
Mini-cook fish tank
Microscopes
Large centrifuge
None (use Coast Guard boats
for sampling)
Indiana District Office
Chemical!
AA spectrometer
Auto-analyzer
Colorimeter
Carbon analyzer
Conductance bridge
Gas chromatograph
I.E. spectrometer
Orion specific ion meter
pH meters
Polarograph
Titralyzer
Turbidimeter
UV - visible spectrometer
Aquatic Biology & Microbiology!
AO microstar compound microscope
Bausch & Lctnb dynazoom compound microscope
B&L dissecting microscope and camera
1 32-ft trailer lab for
chemical and microbiological
analyses
1 kO-ft trailer lab on loan
to Washington at Blue Plains
Minnesota-Wisconsin
District Office
DO meter
pH meter
Kjeldahl apparatus
Cyanide distillation equipment
1 1*5-ft trailer lab for
chemical and microbiological
analyses, BOD, pH, alkalinity,
solids, etc.
E-V-10
-------
£-V-o: LABORATORY RESOURCES, REGION V
Program Code
3l030Xb
3l0300b
310301b
310502
32o4ooa
32l400a
32440Qa
326301
328301
328501
330200
330201
330202
130200
230200
430200
530200
630200
Total
FYT2
$1000
0
86
0
280
60
180
20
80
80
140
20
60
140
0
0
0
0
0
i,i46
M/Y
0
4
0
14
3
9
l
4
4
7
1
3
7
0
0
0
0
0
57
FY73
$1000
310
280
190
280
100
220
60
100
l4o
14 0
20
60
l4o
4o
0
20
40
0
2,140
M/Y
5
6
4
14
5
11
3
5
7
7
1
3
7
2
0
1
2
0
83
FY74
$1000
280
280
390
280
100
24 0
60
100
160
i4o
40
60
l4o
80
0
4o
4o
40
2,470
M/Y
8
9
7
14
5
12
^
5
8
7
2
3
7
4
0
2
2
2
100
FY75
$1000
360
280
450
280
100
240
60
100
180
200
4o
120
l4o
100
0
40
60
40
2,790
M/Y
12
14
10
14
5
12
3
5
9
10
2
6
7
5
0
2
3
2
121
FY76
$1000
400
280
350
280
100
260
60
100
200
260
60
i4o
160
100
20
4o
80
40
2,912
M/Y
14
14
12
14
5
13
3
5
10
13
3
7
8
5
1
2
4
2
135
FY77
$1000
400
280
350
280
100
260
60
100
220
300
60
14 0
200
l4o
40
40
120
40
3,130
M/Y
14
14
12
14
5
13
3
5
11
15
3
7
10
7
2
2
6
2
1^5
320400, 321400, and 324400 now combined and designated 328400.
bThese codes to be assigned to Region V.
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 3103OX: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - WATER -
GREAT LAKES OPEN WATER MONITORING
Objectives
The objectives are:
e Establishment of environmental baselines for all Great Lakes
o Determine water quality trends, long-range prediction of
environmental phenomena, and subsequent impact
e Provide basic data for development of meaningful criteria for
establishment or revision of water quality standards
e Develop data on water movement
o Prepare periodic reports on monitoring data and trends for
each of the Great Lakes.
Description
In this program, activities are to:
o Collect periodic water samples at selected reference sampling
points to:
- Establish baseline information
- Determine long-range water quality trends
- Alert against rapid changes in water quality or aquatic biota
o Provide water quality information for developing criteria for
protection of aquatic environment and for establishing water
quality standards
o Collect samples at additional sampling points to augment spe-
cial studies or provide requested surveillance to support the
activities of the IJC enforcement, or State programs as
needed
e Develop models of Great Lakes Basins as required
o Conduct sampling and analysis required to evaluate the predic-
tions of the model
o Developi data on water movement by making current measurements
as required to check and supplement earlier work
E-V-12
-------
e Collect, consolidate, and evaluate data and prepare periodic
monitoring and trend reports on each of the Great Lakes.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Amount ($1000)
Man -Years
Priority
FY72
0
0
1.10
FY73
310a
5
1.10
FY7^
280
8
1.10
FY75
360
12
1.10
FY76
Uoo
Ik
1.10
FY77
Uoo
lU
1.10
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
This program is applicable to water only. It supports the IJC
programs. It provides information fundamental to the research and
monitoring program and information of value to enforcement, surveil-
lance, and water quality standards program.
Constraints
This program will require development of a vessel suitable for open
lakes sampling and analytical capabilities. This vessel must be large
enough to operate safely in all kinds of weather, to provide onboard
living accommodations, with sufficient laboratory, storage, and deck
space to maintain a survey of at least 2-weeks' duration. No such
vessel is presently available. It is recommended that a vessel with a
minimum length of 110 feet be purchased. Such a vessel properly equipped
will cost between $250,000 and $350,000.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
The Regional Laboratory Center will interact with District Office
Laboratories and with Canadian, State, and national EPA laboratories.
Largest portion of this amount required for purchase of necessary
laboratory vessel; maintenance and operation of vessel included in
subsequent year's budget.
E-V-13
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 310300: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - WATER -
RESEARCH - HYDROLOGIC PROCESSES AND OTHER
ENVIRONMENTAL PHENOMENA
Objectives
The objectives of this program are;
o Determination of environmental trends
c Assessment of new pollutants and new sources of pollutants
e Support of regulatory programs
e Development of meaningful criteria for standards for
particular bodies of water, air districts, and land areas
e Long-range prediction of environmental phenomena and subse-
quent impact
o Periodic measurements at selected reference sampling points
o Alerting against sudden environmental changes and standards
violations
c Providing a basis for legal action.
Description
To achieve these objectives, the following activities are conducted:
o Develop models of river basins, air districts, and land areas
as required
o Collect environmental samples at strategic sites within basins
(according to predicted model)
e Analyze samples to verify predicted concentrations
o Provide analytical services for water and air quality monitor-
ing network
c Provide wide variety of analytical services to investigations
of an enforcement nature as well as to support nonenforcement-
related studies utilizing entire spectrum of available techniques
o Support State pollution control agencies with technical advice
and analytical support
E-V-lU
-------
e Provide long-range predictions of environmental phenomena and
subsequent impacts
e Collect, consolidate, and evaluate data from all available
sources and provide periodic monitoring and trend reports on
each of Region V's land, air, and water basins.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Amount ($1000)
Man -Years
Priority
FY72
86
4
1.13
FY73
28oa
6
1.13
FY74
280b
9
1.13
FY75
280
14
1.13
FY76
280
14
1.13
FY77
280
14
1.13
Relationship with Other EPA Programs
This program is applicable to all EPA programs. It supports Refuse
Act permits, water quality standards program, enforcement, surveillance,
and other research and monitoring programs.
Constraints
This program requires three laboratory equipped boats of about 4-5-ft
size for safe operations on the Ohio River, the Mississippi River, and
the Lake Michigan tributaries. Presently, there are no laboratory boats
of sufficient size to work safely on these waters.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
The Regional Laboratory Center and District Office Laboratories inter-
act with the Air Pollution Laboratory at Ann Arbor, National Environmental
Research Center at Cincinnati, various States, and Canadian laboratories.
Includes $140,000 for purchasing and equipping two 42-ft boats,
Includes $70,000 for purchasing and equipping one 42-ft boat.
E-V-15
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PROGRAM CODE: 310301: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - WATER RESEARCH -
HYDROLCGIC PROCESSES AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL PHENOMENA -
FATE OF POLLUTANTS IN FRESH SURFACE WATERS
Objective
The objectives are to:
o Establish environmental baseline for all Great Lakes
e Determine input loads to the lakes
e Determine water quality trends
e Assess new pollutants
e Alert against standards violations
e Provide a basis for legal action
o Provide basic data for establishment or revision of water
quality standards
e Predict long-range environmental phenomena and subsequent
impact.
Description
Activities are to:
o Develop models of river inputs and lake and tributary basins
as required
e Collect periodic water samples at strategic reference sites
within the inshore and harbor areas and at tributary mouths to:
- Establish baseline information
- Determine water quality trend information
- Alert against rapid changes in near shore water quality or
in the aquatic biota
- Alert against standards violations
- Provide a basis for legal action
e Support State pollution control agencies and State water supply
evaluations
E-V-16
-------
o Develop water quality information and determine effects of
water quality on aquatic biota
o Provide analytical support to other Federal agencies in their
water quality control activities
e Develop water quality information to implement operation of
monitoring stations network in cooperation with the State
governments
e Provide water quality inventory information on all Great Lakes
and their tributaries
c Collect, consolidate, and evaluate data and prepare periodic
monitoring and trend reports on each of the Great Lakes Basins
o Provide analytical support to oceanographic, inshore, and
harbor area studies including analysis of various aquatic
organisms
e Provide analytical support for other Federal agencies con-
cerned with special water quality investigations such as the
Corps of Engineers dredging samples and U.S. Coast Guard spill
investigation samples.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Amount ($1000)
Man -Years
Priority
FY72
0
0
1.8
FY73
190
k
1.8
FY7^
390a
7
1.8
FY75
U50a
10
1.8
FY76
350
12
1.8
FY77
350
12
1.8
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
This program is applicable to water only. It supports research and
monitoring programs on the Great Lakes, enforcement program, surveil-
lance program, and water quality standards program (also supports State
monitoring programs).
Replacement or refitting of one 65-ft boat in each year (197^ and 1975)
estimated at $1^0,000 each year.
E-V-17
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Constraints
This program will require use of laboratory boats equipped for
near-shore sampling on the Great Lakes. These boats must be capable of
operation under adverse weather conditions for a sufficient period of
time to make port safely. They need not have long-term living accom-
modations but should be suitable for an occasional overnight stay in
remote harbor locations.
We presently have two used 65-ft vessels on consignment from the
U.S. Army (presently on loan to universities) that would suffice for an
interim period for this type of work. They must be recovered from the
universities and upgraded before they could be put back into useful
service. Consideration should be given to replacement or extensive re-
equipping of these boats within the next few years. The major drawback
with using these boats is their slow (6-knot) cruising speed. Faster
boats would be more useful and would save money, since the required
sampling could be done in much shorter time.
E-V-lB
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PROGRAM CODE: 310500: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - WATER -
WATER QUALITY SURVEILLANCE
Objective
The objective is to develop water quality information to implement
operation of the monitoring stations network in cooperation with the
State governments.
Description
This program comprises the review of existing State-Federal moni-
toring stations and the determination and installation of additional
stations needed.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Amount ($1000)
Man -Years
Priority
FY?2
280
111
1.2
FY73
280
111
1.2
YYjh
280
Ik
1.2
FY75
280
111
1.2
FY76
280
11+
1.2
FY77
280
Hi
1.2
Laboratory Services - FY72 Breakdown by Laboratories
Regional Laboratory Center
Michigan District Office
Ohio District Office
Indiana District Office
Minnesota-Wisconsin District Office
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
This program will relate to all programs functioning under the Fed-
eral Water Quality Act of 1970 and with the methodology and certification
development programs of the Regional Laboratory Center.
Constraints
Emphasis of pollution control activities by the States will bear on
priorities.
Dollars
160,000
20,000
ho, ooo
ho ,000
20,000
M/Y
8
, l
2
2
1
E-V-19
-------
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Regional Laboratory Center is to provide field task force, labora-
tory support, and methodology to the District Offices. District Office
Laboratories are to provide local support to the Regional Laboratory in
interface with State laboratories.
E-V-20
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PROGRAM CODE: 320*100: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - MUNICIPAL SOURCES OF
WATER POLUTION - POLUTION SOURCE MONITORING - MUNICIPAL TRAINING
Objective
The objective of this effort is to maintain, on a current basis,
the municipal waste inventory and an implementation schedule.
Description
This program comprises testing and evaluation activities to help:
o Establish the State water control office procedures for main-
taining the municipal waste inventory and keeping the imple-
mentation schedule current
o Initiate an effluent monitoring program to spot check data
reported to the State agencies.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Amount ($1000)
Man -Years
Priority
FY72
60
3
1.3
FY73
100
5
1.3
FY7k
100
5
1.3
FY75
100
5
1.3
FY?6
100
5
1.3
FY77
100
5
1.3
Laboratory Services - FY72 Breakdown by Laboratories
Regional Laboratory Center
Michigan District Office
Ohio District Office
Indiana District Office
Minnesota-Wisconsin District Office
Relationship with Other EPA Programs
Because measurement techniques must be established and proven prior
to their application by the District Offices, close cooperation is
Dollars
20,000
0
20,000
20,000
0
M/Y
1
0
1
1
0
E-V-21
-------
necessary between this program activity and the methodology development
functions of the National Environmental Research Center at Cincinnati
and the Regional Laboratory Center.
Constraints
A need for the Region to make an impact in cleaning up the Great
Lakes will bear on priorities in this program.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
District Office Laboratories and the Regional Laboratory interact
closely with States' monitoring laboratories to provide methodology
support and quality control certifications.
E-V-22
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 321*100: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL -
INDUSTRIAL SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION -
POLLUTION SOURCE MONITORING - INDUSTRIAL
Objective
The objective of this work is to maintain, on a current basis, an
inventory of industrial discharges and an implementation schedule.
Description
This program comprises the following:
e Development of an industrial waste inventory through the
Corps of Engineers permit program and expansion to include
industries not covered in the Corps of Engineers program
e Utilization of State and industry effluent data to update the
inventory
e Establishment of an effluent monitoring program to spot check
industry reported data.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Amount ($1000)
Man-Years
Priority
FY72
180
9
l.U
FY73
220
11
l.U
FYY^
2^0
12
l.k
FY75
2^0
12
1.1*
FY?6
260
13
1-^
FY?7
260
13
l.U
Laboratory Services - FY72 Breakdown by Laboratories
Dollars M/Y
Regional Laboratory Center 1*0,000 2
Michigan District Office U0,000 2
Ohio District Office 14-0,000 2
Indiana District Office .60,000 3
Minnesota-Wisconsin District Office . 0 0
E-V-23
-------
Relationship with Other EPA Programs
Accelerated Great Lakes spill prevention and enforcement field
investigations programs relate to this effort.
Constraints
Four hundred new industries scheduled for surveillance in Region V
will constrain available laboratory capabilities.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Regional Laboratory interacts with District Office Laboratories;
in turn, these installations interact with States' laboratories.
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 32MKX): ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - MINING SOURCES
OF WATER POLLUTION - POLLUTION SOURCE MONITORING - MINING
Objective
The objective is to develop base information on locations, pollution
contribution, and hydrological, geologic, and physical aspects of aban-
doned mines to provide support to the State agencies in controlling
mining related pollution.
Description
This program relies heavily on chemical analyses, particularly of
metals, carbonaceous substances, and processing chemicals. It is also
related to water quality, the ultimate residence of nonsoluble pollutants,
and the long-range effects of mining pollutants as possible poisons to
fish life. 1963 data indicate that Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio accounted
for 103 million tons of coal out of a total U.S. production of ^77 mil-
lion tons.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Amount ($1000)
Man -Years
Priority
FY72
20
1
1.11
FY73
60
3
l.ll
FYjk
60
3
1.11
FY75
60
3
1.11
FY76
60
3
1.11
FY77
60
3
1.11
Laboratory Services - FY72 Breakdown by Laboratories
Regional Laboratory Center
Michigan District Office
Ohio District Office
Indiana District Office
Minnesota-Wisconsin District Office
Relationship with Other EPA Programs
This program will interface with related pollution source monitor-
ing programs - industrial and municipal - and with the surveillance and
enforcement programs.
Dollars
0
0
0
20,000
0
M/Y
0
0
0
1
0
E-V-25
-------
Constraints
The constraints are geographic, the locations of abandoned mines.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
District Office Laboratories interact with the Regional Laboratory
for analytical support services in metals and carbonaceous materials.
E-V-26
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PROGRAM CODE: 326301: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - OIL AND HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS SPILLS - STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS - SPILL
PREVENTION AND RESPONSE
Objective
The objective is to administer and carry out efficient coordinated
action to minimize damage from spills of oil and hazardous materials.
Description
This program is intended primarily to keep the Contingency Plan
current and immediately responsive to the unpredictable emergency events
in the Region. This is to be accomplished via the maintenance of a
capable response team; development and implementation of a preventative
program; coordination with Federal, State, and local agencies in improv-
ing the Inland Regional Contingency Plan; promotion of State and local
programs, and assistance in developing contingency plans, response capa-
bilities, and prevention programs.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Amount ($1000)
Man -Years
Priority
FY?2
80
k
1.5
FY73
100
5
1.5
FY?^
100
5
1.5
FY75
100
5
1.5
FY76
100
5
1.5
FY77
100
5
1.5
Laboratory Services - FY72 Breakdown by Laboratories
Dollars M/Y
Regional Laboratory Center 1+0,000 2
Michigan District Office 0 0
Ohio District Office 20,000 1
Indiana District Office 20,000 1
Minnesota-Wisconsin District Office 0 0
Relationship with Other EPA Programs
Contact with the water quality, enforcement, and pesticides programs
is expected in carrying out the spill prevention program.
E-V-27
-------
Constraints
A need in the Region to make an impact in cleaning up the Great
Lakes will reinforce priorities in this program.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
There is interaction with the Regional Laboratory to supply fast
response technical teams to District Office Laboratories in contingency
situations. Regional Laboratories interact with State laboratories
and request advanced technology from National Environmental Research
Centers.
E-V-28
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 328300: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - MULTIPLE SOURCES OF WATER
POLLUTION - STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS
Objectives
The objectives are to review public notices regarding applications
for Federal permits for construction on navigable waters submitted by
the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Department of Transportation, and the
U.S. Coast Guard and to assess the impact on water quality and applicable
laws; also, to review applications for licenses submitted to the Federal
Power Commission and to obtain certification by the State Water Pollution
Control Agency.
Description
When necessary, this program will employ field investigations,
sampling, and laboratory analyses. It will also review public notices,
request additional information if necessary, coordinate reviews with
other EPA components, Federal, and State agencies.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Amount ($1000)
Man-Years
Priority
FY72
80
k
1.7
FY73
lUO
7
1.7
FY7^
160
8
1.7
FY75
180
9
1.7
FY76
200
10
1.7
FY77
220
11
1.7
Laboratory Services - FY72 Breakdown by Laboratories
Regional Laboratory Center
Michigan District Office
Ohio District Office
Indiana District Office
Minnesota-Wiseonsin District Office
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
This program relates to the accelerated Great Lakes program and
Corps of Engineers dredging operations.
Dollars
0
20,000
20,000
20,000
20,000
M/Y
0
1
1
1
1
E-V-29
-------
Constraints
Activities of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the U.S. Coast
Guard, and States' water pollution control laws pose constraints.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Interactions are with the Regional Laboratory to provide continuous
analysis support to the District Offices. Both of these interact with
States' laboratories and Canadian laboratories, as needed.
E-V-30
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 328500: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - MULTIPLE SOURCES OF
WATER POLLUTION - ENFORCEMENT
Objective
The objective is to provide necessary field sampling and investi-
gations to support enforcement actions against industrial and municipal
waste dischargers.
Description
This program comprises sampling, testing, and evaluating activities
to:
e Supply information needed to support enforcement actions
o Develop a brief attack plan based on depth of data required
for prosecution
e Aid in recommending enforcement actions.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Amount ($1000)
Man-Years
Priority
FY72
lUo
7
1.1
FY73
iko
7
1.1
FY7U
iho
7
1.1
FY75
200
10
1.1
FY76
260
13
1.1
FY77
300
15
1.1
Laboratory Services - FY72 Breakdown by Laboratories
Regional Laboratory Center
Michigan District Office
Ohio District Office
Indiana District Office
Minnesota-Wisconsin District Office
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
The program relates to all programs supported under the Federal
Water Quality Act of 1970.
Dollars
60,000
20,000
20,000
ho ,000
0
M/Y
3
l
l
2
0
E-V-51
-------
Constraints
Manpower requirements pose constraints as a function of magnitude
of activities of industries and municipalities in waste discharges.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Regional Laboratory interacts with District Office Laboratories and
with States' and national EPA laboratories.
E-V-32
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PROGRAM CODE: 330200: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL
PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING - WATER -
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Objective
The objective is to provide.basic technical support for water qual-
ity surveys conducted by the Office of Water Hygiene.
Description
This program will provide direct laboratory capability to supple-
ment the tests presently done. Analytical capability at the Regional
level is needed for those tests requiring quick analyses to maintain
validity, such as bacteriological analyses, identification of inverte-
brate organisms and microorganisms, viruses, salmonella, algae, and
chemical substances.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Anount ($1000)
Man -Years
Priority
FY72
20
1
1.15
FY?3
20
1
1.15
FY?^
1+0
2
1.15
FY75
ho
2
1.15
FY?6
60
3
1.15
FY77
60
3
1.15
Laboratory Services - FY?2 Breakdown Laboratories
Regional Laboratory Center
Michigan District Office
Ohio District Office
Indiana District Office
Minnesota-Wisconsin District Office
Dollars
20,000
0
0
0
0
M/Y
1
0
0
0
0
Relationship with Other EPA Programs
This program will supplement surveillance and monitoring programs
and will relate with all water programs.
E-V-33
-------
Constraints
This program is presently legislatively restricted to interstate
carriers.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
The Region V Office of Water Hygiene routinely sends samples to the
four water hygiene laboratories spread across the country. Only time
independent analyses are done.
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 330201: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL
PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING - WATER -
MAJOR TECHNICAL SUPPORT
Objective
The objective is to obtain adequate State surveillance of public
water supplies.
Description
The pollution-free quality of water supplies in the six-State area
of Region V will be evaluated on a continuing basis to determine the
adequacy of State surveillance and needs for State Surveillance Agency
improvement. Chemical, biological, and microbiological analyses and
assays will be needed in support of this work.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Amount ($1000)
Man -Years
Priority
FY72
60
3
1.6
FY73
60
3
1.6
FY71*
60
3
1.6
FY75
120
6
1.6
FY?6
1^0
7
1.6
FY77
1^0
7
1.6
Laboratory Services - FY72 Breakdown by Laboratories
Regional Laboratory Center
Michigan District Office
Ohio District Office
Indiana District Office
Minnesota-Wisconsin District Office
Dollars
60,000
0
0
0
0
M/Y
3
0
0
0
0
Relationship with Other EPA Programs
This program will relate with all programs functioning under the
Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1970, the accelerated Great Lakes
program, and the solid wastes and water hygiene programs.
E-V-35
-------
Constraints
The constraints are geographic with respect to proximity of analyt-
ical capabilities to the four Great Lakes and the several rivers that
function as the major sources of public water supplies.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Regional Laboratory Center interacts with the District Office Labo-
ratories .
E-V-J6
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PROGRAM CODE: 330202: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL
PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING - WATER -
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE - BASIC TECHNICAL SUPPORT
Objective
The objective is to provide technical support in pollution control
matters for legislative, public information, public complaint, and review
purposes.
Description
This program, while not requiring extensive direct laboratory analyses
support, will nevertheless require specific technical expertise developed
within the laboratory as a result of needs peculiar to the geographic area.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Amount ($1000)
Man -Years
Priority
FY?2
1UO
7
1.9
FY?3
lUO
7
1-9
FY7U
1UO
7
1.9
FY75
lUO
7
1.9
FY76
160
8
1.9
FY77
200
10
1.9
Laboratory Services - FY72 Breakdown by Laboratories
Regional Laboratory Center
Michigan District Office
Ohio District Office
Indiana District Office
Minnesota-Wisconsin District Office
Relationship with Other EPA Programs
This activity relates to all programs, particularly the surveillance
and enforcement programs and including the media and categorical programs.
Constraints
Availability of necessary technical expertise within the Region poses
some constraint.
Dollars
60,000
20,000
20,000
20,000
20,000
M/Y
3
1
1
1
1
E-V-37
-------
Interaction with Other Laboratories
The Regional Laboratory Center will provide the technical expertise
for the program. It will interface with the National EPA Laboratories
and with the District Office Laboratories necessary to obtain needed
consulting services. Interaction with Canadian laboratories is expected
also.
E-V-38
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PROGRAM CODE: 130200: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL-
PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING - AIR -
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Objective
The objective is to provide methodology and air pollution standards
to States' enforcement and surveillance activities with industrial and
municipal air pollution dischargers.
Description
This program will develop necessary air pollution methodology and
standards and will provide certification of the standards used by States
in their enforcement and surveillance activities. It will provide lab-
oratory analytical support in sampling, location, and monitoring of air
pollution sources. The special expertise required in chemical analyses
of organic substances and their derivatives, carbonaceous, powdered
heavy metals, and toxicological substances will be developed.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Amount ($1000)
Man-Years
Priority
FY72
0
0
1.12
FY73
ho
2
1.12
FY7^
80
h
1.12
FY75
100
5
1.12
FY76
100
5
1.12
FY77
1^0
7
1.12
Relationship with Other EPA Programs
This effort relates to research and monitoring - environmental pro-
grams .
Constraints
Legislative and funding constraints apply here.
Interactions with Other Laboratories
Regional Laboratory Center interacts with the motor emissions pol-
lution control laboratory at Ann Arbor, the Grosse lie office of Research
and Monitoring Laboratory, and other national EPA laboratories.
E-V-39
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PROGRAM CODE: 230200: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING AND
ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING - NOISE - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Objective
The objective is to help the States in Region V implement noise
pollution abatement programs.
Description
This program will provide technical assistance to complement State
programs and to provide the impetus for the formation of State-wide
noise pollution abatement programs where these do not exist. Assistance
in the form of design information, planning, and minor testing will be
provided.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Amount ($1000)
Man -Years
Priority
FY72
0
0
1.18
FY?3
0
0
1.18
FY7U
0
0
1.18
FY75
0
0
1.18
FY76
20
1
1.18
FY77
UO
2
1.18
Relationship with Other EPA Programs
The surveillance, monitoring, and enforcement programs will gain
experience with the particular nuances of implementing noise pollution
abatement programs.
Constraints
This program may be constrained by the degree of receptiveness
of the States to the implementation of noise pollution abatement pro-
grams.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
It is proposed that the program personnel will utilize the infor-
mation acquired through the noise pollution hearings of FY71-72 to
identify those non-Federal laboratories having expertise in this area.
Liaison should be maintained with these laboratories. In addition,
research needs should continue to be forwarded to the NERC at Research
Triangle Park, N.C., which is responsible for health effects research.
-------
PROGRAM CODE: ^30200: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL
PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING - SOLID WASTES -
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Objective
The objective is to establish and apply analytical laboratory capa-
bilities in Region V to support implementation of the principle of solid
wastes recycling and ultimate disposal effects studies.
Description
This program will provide chemical, biological, and microbiological
analysis capabilities for solid wastes. It will include:
e All solid wastes - residential, commercial, industrial, and
agricultural at the local level
e Training programs to provide operating laboratory personnel
o Assistance to the Cincinnati Division of Demonstration Oper-
ations in Region V.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Amount ($1000)
Man -Years
Priority
FY?2
0
0
1.17
FY73
20
1
1.17
FY7^
Uo
2
1.17
FY75
UO
2
1.17
FY76
ko
2
1.17
FY77
ho
2
1.17
Relationship with Other EPA Programs
This program interacts with:
o Federal Water Pollution Control Act programs - cooperation in
solving dredging and municipal waste sludge disposal
o National Air Pollution Control Act programs - assistance in
open burning problems
o Illinois State Water Survey programs - pollutional effects of
leachate from landfills on ground water.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
States' laboratories, National Environmental Research Center in Cin-
cinnati, and Corps of Engineers Laboratories will interact with this
program.
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 530200: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL
PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING - PESTICIDES -
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Objectives
The objectives are to develop basic analytical methodology for
determination of insecticides, pesticides, and rodenticides and to apply
these methods as the bases for more advanced developments.
Description
This program will provide the means for establishing Regional lab-
oratory capabilities in insecticide, pesticide, and rodenticide analyses.
These will be in chemical, microbiological, biological areas, including
toxicity effects and effects on the human nervous system. Initial capa-
bilities will be required to accommodate 1,000 samples per year.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Amount ($1000)
Man-Years
Priority
FY?2
0
0
1.1U
FY73
1+0
2
1.1U
FY71+
Uo
2
1.1U
FY75
60
3
l.ll*
FY76
80
k
l.ll*
FY77
120
6
1.1U
Relationship with Other EPA Programs
This program will interface with the hazardous spills prevention
program.
Regional Laboratory Center will interact with the South Agriculture
Laboratory in Washington, B.C., and the Beltsville Laboratory in Mary-
land.
Constraints
Legislation and funding pose constraints.
E-V-1+2
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PROGRAM CODE: 630200: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL
PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING - RADIATION -
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Objective
The objective is to strengthen Regional capabilities for assessing
environmental hazards from radiation sources.
Description
Program personnel will provide the States with technical assistance
in the form of minor testing, design information, and alternative method-
ologies for controlling the level of radiation from various sources.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Amount ($1000)
Man-Years
Priority
FY72
0
0
1.16
FY73
0
0
1.16
FY7h
ho
2
1.16
FY75
ho
2
1.16
FY76
ho
2
1.16
FY77
ho
2
1.16
Relationship with Other EPA Programs
This program should interface with the surveillance, Office of
Research and Monitoring, environmental, and enforcement programs in
Region V to build up a body of experience for future program expansion
if warranted.
Constraints
Manpower and funding limitations will focus the program mainly into
the area of assessment of nuclear power plant siting problems (environ-
mental impact statements).
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Regional Laboratory Center personnel should maintain constant contact
with personnel at Argonne National Laboratory (AEG) and other university
centers having expertise in radiation (for example, those associated with
the Argonne Universities Association).
-------
LABORATORY COMPONENT SUMMARY
The following table summarizes, in detail, a revised set of projected
resources (dollars and man-years) for the components of the Region's pro-
grams which require laboratories. The laboratory is maintained within the
Surveillance and Analysis Division of the Region, although it may provide
services to other parts of the organization.
This summary table may represent a different set of projected labora-
tory resources estimates than are given elsewhere in this section. It was
obtained by providing several assumptions to the Regional Office and ask-
ing that the estimates be revised in light of these assumptions. These
assumptions emphasized that the Regional laboratories should have a multi-
media role, with programs underway in water, air, land, and other environ-
mental pathways. It was also assumed that the laboratory staff need be
sufficiently large to provide a "critical mass" of expertise and skills to
effectively implement national environmental programs. These summary tab-
les reflect the revised staffing needs, based on these assumptions.
-------
LABORATORY COMPONENT SUMMARY, REGION V
H
VJ1
PROGRAM
CODE
AIR
1J0200
126DOO
126900
121500
NOISE
230200
WATER
310500
320300
321300
328200
328300
328400
325100
325400
320400
321400
322400
323400
324400
FY 72
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
-
200 10
-
-
40 2
80 4
260 13
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
FY 73
$K M/Y
105 5
-
-
-
-
200 10
-
-
JOO 15
100 5
280 14
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
FY 74
$K M/Y
360 18
-
-
-
-
200 10
-
-
480 2k
120 6
300 15
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
FY 75
$K M/Y
380 19
-
-
-
-
200 10
-
-
560 28
120 6
300 15
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
FY 76
$K M/Y
400 20
-
-
-
20 1
220 11
-
-
620 31
140 7
320 16
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
FY 77
$K M/Y
420 21
-
-
-
40 2
2hO 12
-
-
64o 32
160 8
320 16
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Principally in the Surveillance and Analysis Division
$K=units of $1,000 M/Y=man-years
-------
TABLE E-V-7 (continued)
PROGRAM
CODE
WATER, cont.
J20500
JS1500
323500
321*500
328500
320700
325DOO
325900
326300
3261*00
326500
329UOO
330200
330300
330500
330600
SOLID WASTE
1*30200
PESTICIDES
530200
521500
5211*00
RADIATION
630200
610500
TOTAL
FY 72
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
120 6
-
-
-
80 1*
-
-
20 1
160 8
' -
-
20 1
-
-
-
20 1
-
-
1000 50
FY 73
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
120 6
-
-
-
100 5
-
-
20 1
160 8
-
-
20 1
20 1
20 1
-
1*0 2
-
-
11*85 71*
1*80
FY 7!*
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
120 6
-
-
-
120 6
-
-
20 1
160 8
-
-
1*0 2
20 1
1*0 2
-
1*0 2
-
-
2020 101
1*70
FY 75
$K MA
-
-
-
-
ll*0 7
-
-
-
120 6
-
-
20 1
160 8
-
-
20 1
20 1
1*0 2
-
1*0 2
20 1
-
2ll*0 107
370
FY 76
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
lUO 7
-
-
-
120 6
-
-
20 1
ll*0 7
-
-
-
1*0 2
1*0 2
-
1*0 2
20 1
-
2280 111*
230
FY 77
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
lUO 7
-
-
-
120 6
-
-
20 1
160 8
-
-
-
1*0 2
1*0 2
-
1*0 2
20 1
-
21*00 120
230
(Funiinc for boats and operation, not shown above)
-------
SECTION VI: REGION VI LABORATORY PLAN
BACKGROUND
In October, 1971, the Acting Regional Administrator, Region VI,
appointed an Ad Hoc Committee to develop and recommend a service
or support-oriented laboratory systems approach consistent with or-
ganization, management processes, and existing or highly probable
future programs. EPA Order 1110.19 (June 28, 1971) provides the au-
thority to "develop, propose and implement an approved regional program
for comprehensive and integrated environmental management activities."
This laboratory systems approach will afford the Regional Administrator
closer management capability for surveillance and evaluation of the
various alterations that the environment will undergo in the future.
This section details the background and current status of labo-
ratory capabilities in the Region, lists specific functions of a
proposed laboratory for Region VT, delineates organizational structure
and resource requirements, and presents individual laboratory work
plan "work sheets" for each Program Code activity.
Current Status of Laboratories
The objectives of the current laboratory program are to perform
the analytical laboratory services in support of the following Regional
programs:
e Enforcement
e Water
o Air
e Pesticides
o Radiation
e Solid Waste
e Noise.
The priority of laboratory services and magnitude of problems arising
from these programs change from time to time. This changing pattern will
E-VI-1
-------
substantially alter the support services required to satisfy program
objectives. As presented below, laboratory services in support of the
Regional operating programs during the past year have been performed
at nine different laboratories. Three laboratories are located in
Region VI :
o Robert S. Kerr Water Research Center
Ada, Okla.
o Baton Rouge Facility
Baton Rouge, La.
o Houston Facility
Houston, Tex.
The remaining six, located elsewhere in the United States, are:
o National Field Investigation Center
Denver, Colo.
o Southeast Water Laboratory
Athens, Ga.
e Western Environmental Research Laboratory
Las Vegas, Nev.
e National Environmental Research Center
Cincinnati, Ohio
c National Field Investigation Center
Cincinnati, Ohio
o National Environmental Research Center
Research Triangle Park, K.C.
To identify current laboratory services provided to the Region by
all EPA.facilities, it was necessary to inventory their workloads and
capabilities. Programs requiring 'support laboratory services were pri-
mary to the accomplishment of this inventory. Other items inventoried
included:
o Parameters analyzed
c Number of analyses
o Source of samples analyzed
e Existing laboratory capabilities
o Existing laboratory equipment
E-VI-2
-------
e Existing laboratory staff
e Regional program areas supported.
The current laboratory program summaries have been compiled and are
available upon request.
Analysis of Current Regional Laboratory Program
The Ad Hoc Committee assessed the status of the current program.
The following can be concluded from the Committee's analysis:
1. The Regional laboratory program has been primarily a water
and wastewater oriented program. Except for a limited num-
ber of pesticide and solid waste analyses associated with
water enforcement activities, the Regional laboratories have
concentrated their efforts on water analysis.
2. All air, radiation, or solid waste samples obtained in the
Region have been sent to the respective National Environ-
mental Research Centers or State-operated laboratories for
analysis.
J. The Regional Noise Abatement Program is not operational; at
the present time, Region VI has no noise analysis capabili-
ties.
4. Sources and types of samples obtained in Region VI were com-
piled and summarized by media:
o Water
- Mississippi River Basin
- Louisiana Gulf Coast
- Texas Gulf Coast
- Major municipal-industrial areas in Region
- Interstate and navigable waters in Region
o Air
- Major municipal-industrial areas in Region
- Some isolated areas (e.g. Four Corners)
E-VI-3
-------
o Pesticides
- Agricultural areas in Region
- Texas and Louisiana Gulf Coast
- Major municipalities
c Radiation
- Oklahoma, New Mexico, and Arkansas River Basin
e Solid Waste
- Major municipal-industrial areas in Region
c Noise
- Major municipal-industrial areas in Region
o Miscellaneous
- Oil pollution - offshore oil operators off the coast
of Louisiana and Texas
- Brine pollution - Texas Panhandle, Western Oklahoma,
and New Mexico
- Ground water pollution - arid and semiarid sections
of Region
- Thermal pollution - Texas Gulf Coast
The majority of the samples obtained in Region VI during the
past year were analyzed at the Surveillance and Analysis
Laboratory in Ada, Okla. The analysis of the current Regional
laboratory program indicated the following areas of concern:
o The distance separating the laboratory located in a
remote part of the Region and the Regional Office has
created a communication gap (travel time between Ada and
Dallas is approximately 3 hours as there is no major
commercial air transportation to Ada); the distance and
travel time between Dallas, Baton Rouge, Houston, and the
Ada laboratory facilities have resulted in a less effec-
tive program.
-------
o The majority of the samples analyzed at Ada during the
past year were obtained from the Texas and Louisiana
Gulf Coast areas and from the Lower Mississippi Basin;
in many cases it was necessary to lease small aircraft
to transport samples to the laboratory from the source,
a very uneconomical practice.
6. There is a need for air analytical laboratory capabilities in
Region VI. These capabilities should be sufficient in scope
to support existing Regional surveillance and enforcement
activities and projected to support activities for which
statutory authority and responsibilities have been or will be
assigned to the Regional Office.
7. The Regional laboratories now have the necessary analytical
equipment and expertise to carry out the current minimal
Regional pesticide program. These capabilities could and
should be utilized to the fullest, and the program expanded
to fulfill the Regional responsibilities assigned to the
Region under the President's Reorganization Plan No. 3-
8. The Regional Solid Waste Analytical Laboratory Program is non-
existent. The existing laboratory capabilities could be
utilized to initiate and implement a sound solid waste sur-
veillance and enforcement program.
9. Radiation analytical requirements in the Region are of such
minor scope that laboratory services could continue to be
performed by the Western Environmental Research Laboratory at
Las Vegas, Nev., and State-operated laboratories.
10. In the development of a conceptual Regional laboratory plan,
the following considerations should be carefully evaluated:
e The responsibilities assigned to the Region in response
to existing, pending, and future EPA statutory authority
associated with environmental stress problems
e The mission of EPA and the program implemented by the
Regional Office to accomplish the mission
e The Regional Analytical Laboratory Services needs to suc-
cessfully implement Regional programs; consideration
should be given to the following:
-What parameters must we be capable of analyzing to sup-
port our operating program?
E-VI-5
-------
REGIONAL
ADMINISTRATOR
REGIONAL
LABORATORY SERVICES
DIRECTOR
I
H
O
ORGANIC
SECTION
INORGANIC
SECTION
BIOLOGICAL AND
MICROBIOLOGICAL
SECTION
ANALYTICAL
METHODOLOGY
AND QUALITY
CONTROL
(Air, Water, and Solid
Waste Capabilities)
Organic Chemicals
Including Pesticides
(Air, Water, and Solid
Waste Capabilities)
Inorganic Chemicals
Including Heavy
Metals and Physical
Characteristics
Coliforms
Bacteria
Plankton
Benthic
Fish
FIGURE E-VI-1. REGION VI ORGANIZATION
-------
A summary of the resource requirements for implementing the
single laboratory services plan is presented in Table E-VI-1.
TABLE E-VI-1: LABORATORY SERVICE PLAN, REGION VI
ACTIVITY
Administrative&c Support
Administrati on
Organic Analysis
Inorganic Analysis
Biological and Microbiological
Analytical Methodology and
Quality Control
Subtotal
Annual Operating Costs
Initial Startup for Regional
Laboratory Facilities
Total
$1000
121.3
286.2
236.3
169.7
73-5
887-0
173-0
6Uo.o
l,700.0a
M/Y
8
16
13
9
h
50
a This amount does not include initial installation for labora-
tories in the Region; for example, land acquisition, construc-
tion, laboratory equipment. These aspects are under study;
the costs for a central laboratory with several satellite labora-
tories will be issued later.
Projected Regional programs will be based not only on present
enabling legislation and responsibilities assigned to the Region
through the President's Reorganization Plan No. 3> but also on new
legislation and new environmental stress problems associated with the
total environment. Citizen participation and interest concerning
environmental impact will result in a need for additional laboratory
capabilities. The administration of the Industrial Waste Permit Pro-
gram will also require laboratory characterization and verification
of industrial waste. This activity will result in a major impact on
the laboratory services program.
Presently the air program is- concerned with the implementation of
the air standards program. Enforcement activities in this area have
been minimal, but with formulation of state implementation programs
the air enforcement program will no doubt be accelerated. Few or no
surveillance or enforcement activities have been initiated by the
Regional Office in the areas of solid waste and noise. It is
E-VI-11
-------
anticipated that both of these programs will be accelerated during this
planning period.
Regional programs must be flexible to be responsive to changes
resulting from the passage of new enabling legislation and to unique
problems that may arise in the Region. All Regional programs will con-
tinue to provide consultation and assistance to state and local environ-
mental control offices.
DESCRIPTION OF LABORATORY SYSTEM
Mission
The present function of the Regional Laboratory System is to ini-
tiate, formulate, plan, coordinate, guide, and administer a program for
providing sound scientific analytical services to the Regional operating
programs to assure the effective implementation of EPA programs for which
statutory authority and responsibility have been assigned to the Region
VI Office.
The projected function of the Regional Laboratory System is to expand
Regional laboratory activities to effectively implement new legislative
proposals and anticipated laboratory service needs.
Program Codes
Personnel, equipment, and facilities were considered in the initial
Regional laboratory planned resource requirements for FY 1972 through
1977- Each laboratory resource was related to a specific program objec-
tive, and laboratory resources were geared to output objectives.
All program divisions were requested to assess their laboratory needs
by program codes. The summary tables on the following pages represent the
best estimates for Region VI's needs.
Interaction with Other Laboratory Facilities
Other Federal and non-Federal laboratories are available in Region VI
to perform laboratory functions that could satisfy EPA program require-
ments. In some instances, the general characteristics of these labora-
tories do not lend themselves to agency-type analysis. Therefore, nothing
more than a cursory examination was made for many of these facilities.
Possibly the largest impact of the interaction with other than EPA
laboratories is made on the Regional surveillance program. Much of the
data obtained for the Regional Water Quality Surveillance program is
obtained from a cooperative state-USGS matching program. Regional pro-
grams also utilize data from State pesticide, radiation, water, air and
solid waste laboratories.
E-VT-12
-------
Particularly noteworthy are excellent laboratory facilities at the
following locations:
e .Texas A&M University -- Excellent neutron activation analysis
capabilities
e NASA/Houston — Aerial surveillance capabilities
o NASA/Mississippi Testing Facilities at Slidell — Aerial sur-
veillance; systems analysis for managing data; ADP capability
o Texas Instruments, Inc., Dallas — Airborne surveillance;
heavy metal analysis.
The Regional Office conducts a few limited activities concerning
aerial surveillance in the Houston Ship Channel-Galveston Bay area. The
oil and hazardous materials program is currently negotiating for some
contract aerial surveillance work along the Lower Mississippi River and
its estuary.
It is mandatory that laboratory support services be performed in
EPA laboratories by EPA personnel for all Regional activities that have
any enforcement implications.
E-VI-1J
-------
TABLE E-VI-2
LABORATORY RESOURCES, REGION VI, DIVISION SUMMARY
DIVISION
Air and Water
Categorical
Programs
Enforcement
Surveillance and
Analysis
Pesticides
TOTALS
FYT2
$1000
500
-
150
410
-
1,060
M/Y
21
-
10.9
19
-
50.9
FY73
$1000
510
-
351
680
55
1,596
M/Y
27
-
24.8
31.5
3
86.3
FY74
$1000
535
95
450
926
87
2,093
M/Y
32
3
30.8
43
4
112.8
FY75
$1000
620
111
412
1,269
113
2,525
M/Y
36
k
28.8
59
5-5
133-3
FY76
$1000
650
113
412
1,593
140
2,908
M/Y
38
5
28.8
7^
7
152.8
FY77
$1000
700
115
412
1,9^8
174
3,349
M/Y
4l
5
28.8
90.5
9
174.3
-------
TABLE E-VI-3
LABORATORY RESOURCES, REGION VI, DIVISIONAL BREAKDOWN
AIR AND WATER DIVISION
Program Code
126DOO
126900
130201
320703
321301
325901
329^00
330205
330501
TOTAL
FY 72
$1000
35
50
170
70
25
20
60
45
25
500
M/Y
2
2
5
4
1
1
3
2
1
21
FY 73
$1000
45
60
130
85
1+0
20
60
45
25
510
M/Y
3
3
7
5
2
1
3
2
1
27
FY 74
$1000
50
75
90
85
1*0
20
70
65
40
535
M/Y
3
4
8
5
3
1
3
3
2
32
FY 75
$1000
55
90
150
100
4o
35
40
65
45
620
M/Y
3
5
10
6
3
2
2
3
2
36
FY 76
$1000
55
• 90
180
115
40
35
40
50
45
650
M/Y
3
5
12
7
3
2
2
2
2
38
FY 77
$1000
60
100
210
120
40
35
4o
50
^5
700
M/Y
3
6
14
7
3
2
2
2
2
4i
-------
TABLE E-VI-3 (continued)
CATEGORICAL PROGRAMS DIVISION
Program Code
430200
230200
TOTAL
FY 72
$1000
-
M/Y
-
FY 73
$1000
-
M/Y
-
FY 74
$1000
20
75
95
M/Y
1
2
3
FY 75
$1000
36
75
ill
M/Y
2
2
k
FY 76
$1000
38
75
113
M/Y
2
3
5
FY 77
$1000
40
75
115
M/Y
2
3
5
ENFORCEMENT DIVISION
Program Code
328501
328301
321301
TOTAL
FY 72
$1000
140
10
150
M/Y
10
•9
10.9
FY 73
$1000
196
155
351
M/Y
14
10.8
24.8
FY Ik
$1000
260
190
450
M/Y
18
12.8
30.8
FY 75
$1000
222
190
412
M/Y
16
12.8
28.8
FY 76
$1000
222
190
412
M/Y
16
12.8
28.8
FY 77
$1000
222
190
412
M/Y
16
12.8
28.8
SURVEILLANCE AND ANALYSIS DIVISION
Program Code
310502
330202
330203
330201
326301
325DOO
TOTAL
FY 72
$1000
86
140
_
108
11
65
4 10
M/Y
4
6.5
_
5
• 5
3
19
FY 73
$1000
194
183
22
151
22
108
680
M/Y
9
8.5
1
7
1
5
31.5
FY 74
$1000
280
204
^3
194
33
172
926
M/Y
13
9.5
2
9
1.5
8
43
FY 75
$1000
387
290
65
258
54
215
1,269
M/Y
18
13-5
3
12
2.5
10
59
FY 76
$1000
538
366
86
280
65
258
1,593
M/Y
25
17
4
13
3
12
74
FY 77
$1000"
753
398
108
323
86
280
1,948
M/Y
35
18.5
5
15
4
13
90.5
PESTICIDES DIVISION
521500
530200
TOTAL
FY 72
$1000
0
M/Y
0
FY 73
$1000
38
17
55
M/Y
2
1
3
FY 74
$1000
60
27
87
M/Y
3
1
4
FY 75
$1000
75
38
113
M/Y
4
1.5
5-5
FY 76
$1000
90
50
140
M/Y
5
2
7
FY 77
$1000
114
60
174
M/Y
6
3
9
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 126DOO: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL-FEDERAL SOURCES OF
AIR POLLUTION-DIRECT SUPPORT TO FEDERAL AGENCIES
Objectives
The objectives are to assess environmental conditions at Federal
installations and to assist other Federal agencies in the collection
and evaluation of environmental data.
Description
Activities include collecting and analyzing ambient and source
samples at Federal installations and supporting other Federal agencies
in evaluating air quality and emission information.
Collected data are then summarized in a form suitable for review
by other Federal Agencies.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-
FY Years Dollars Priority
1972 2 35,000 3.2
1973 3 45,000 3.2
197^ 3 50,000 3.2
1975 3 55,000 3.2
1976 3 55,000 3.2
1977 3 60,000 3.2
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Data obtained are useful to the Enforcement and Surveillance and
Analysis Divisions. Air, water, and noise information may be collected
using a similar approach.
Constraints
Federal installations may, in some cases, have their own environ-
mental assessment capability. This service may need to be provided
on an "as requested" basis.
E-VI-17
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 126900: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL-FEDERAL SOURCES OF AIR
POLLUTION-ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT REVIEWS
Objectives
The objectives are to assess Environmental conditions (during the
ETS Review Process) prior to development of a potential source of
emissions. After construction, assessments are made to assure that no
significant deterioration of the atmosphere has occurred.
Description
Activities include obtaining atmospheric or stock samples in areas
being designated for possible construction of sources of emissions and,
subsequently, analyzing these samples in a central laboratory. Sampling
will be conducted by a field activities group that is coordinated by
the central laboratory.
All data obtained are then summarized in a form suitable for use
by the EES Review Program.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Procedures used may be applicable to the water, pesticides, and
noise programs within the original office.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-
FY Years Dollars Priority
1972 2 50,000 1.2
1973 3 60,000 1.2
197^ k 75,000 1.2
1975 5 90,000 1.2
1976 5 90,000 1.2
1977 6 . 100,000 1.2
Constraints
See remarks concerning the Ada facility under Program Code 130201.
Comments
EIS Reviews cannot be completely effective without prior knowledge
of atmospheric conditions in the area of question. The field activities
group may be made available for multiple purposes including samples for
this program element activity.
E-VI-18
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 130201: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING-AIR-TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE-
DEVELOPMENT OF STATE PLANS
Objective
The objective is to determine compliance with and/or progress
toward meeting Federal ambient air quality or emission standards.
Description
Activities include obtaining atmospheric or stack samples in
areas under routine surveillance through the use of a field activities
group. Subsequently, these samples are transferred to a central
laboratory (as required) for analysis.
Through the use of monitoring instrumentation, short and long-
term sampling is considered as required, particularly during emer-
gency episode conditions. All data are summarized for reporting to
all segments of EPA as needed.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-
FY Years Dollars Priority
1972 5 170,000 i.l
1973 7 130,000 i.l
197^ 8 90,000 1.1
1975 10 150,000 3.1
1976 12 180,000 3.1
1977 1^ 210,000 3.1
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Laboratory capabilities will include equipment to be used by
water and pesticides programs and the provision of data that may be
used by the enforcement division.
Constraints
For Region VI, laboratory facilities are available, to a limited
extent, at the Ada Center. Political constraints may preclude develop-
ment of a central laboratory at another location. The alternative
would be to utilize Ada as a support (method development) group to the
central laboratory.
E-VI-19
-------
Comments
A laboratory capable of analyzing routine samples at the regional
level is required to allow immediate and close environmental assess-
ment capability to the Regional Administrator.
E-VI-20
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 230200: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING-NOISE-TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Objective
The objective is to provide assistance through consultation to
State and local agencies for conducting noise abatement programs.-
Description
Utilization of laboratory services by the noise program would
include maintenance of master calibration units and a limited number
of noise measuring and recording units. Dependent upon future legis-
lation, EPA involvement in the sampling program would be minimal;
therefore, a laboratory staff for noise would be small. Their respon-
sibilities would be to conduct and analyze noise surveys on Federal
facilities and provide training and calibration services to State and
local agencies. The laboratory needs could be contracted to a respon-
sible firm capable of meeting the strict requirements needed for en-
forcement use.
Constraints
Constraints would be of an administrative nature in maintaining
supervision of the firm so that data taken could be used in enforce-
ment proceedings. The extent of future legislation would control the
requirement for other governmental laboratory service or contract
with a private firm. Legislation is expected to be moderate, and the
resources are planned, based upon contracting the needed services.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Data obtained are useful to the Enforcement and Surveillance and
Analysis Divisions. Air, water, and noise information may be collected
using a similar approach.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-
FY Years Dollars Priority
1972 -
1973
197^ 2 75,000 3.2
1975 2 75,000 3.2
1976 3 75,000 3.2
1977 3 75,000 3.2
E-VI-21
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PROGRAM CODE: 310502: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS-WATER-WATER QUALITY
SURVEILLANCE-WATER QUALITY MONITORING AND REPORTING
Objectives
The objectives are to develop and maintain up-to-date water quality
information system; also, to provide water quality monitoring network
that has as its goal 200 stations throughout the Region.
Description
Activities include performing analytical services for the water
quality monitoring network.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-
FY Years Dollars Priority
1972 U 86,000 1.1
1973 9 193,500 1.1
197^ 13 279,500 1.1
1975 18 387,000 1.1
1976 25 537,500 1.1
1977 35 752,500 1.1
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
These activities support the Air and Water Division and the
Enforcement Division.
E-VI-22
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PROGRAM CODE: 320703: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL-MUNICIPAL SOURCES OF
WATER POLLUTION-FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE AND INCENTIVES -
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE
Objectives
The objectives are to monitor the process effluents on plants
(facilities) constructed by EPA and to determine program effectiveness
by conducting close surveillance programs over facility operation
(analytical approach).
Description
On a bimonthly basis (or as required), samples of effluent are
collected from the 1200 plants presently in operation and from those to
be constructed in the future. To determine efficiency of operation,
data are analyzed. Data are to be provided in a form suitable for
evaluation of progress.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
This activity has aspects that are applicable to Enforcement and
Surveillance and Analysis Divisions.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-
FJT Years Dollars Priority
1972 ^ 70,000 1.2
1973 5 85,000 1.2
197^ 5 85,000 3.2
1975 6 100,000 3.2
1976 7 115,000 3.2
1977 7 120,000 3.2
Constraints
Such analysis is presently being performed by State agencies;
however, they have not been questioned in the past. Thus, tests
should be conducted in this area.
Comments
This activity may be more effectively accomplished through use of
a small mobile laboratory that could spotcheck efficiency of process.
E-VI-23
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PROGRAM CODE: 321301: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL-INDUSTRIAL SOURCES OF
WATER POLLUTION-EFFLUENT STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS-
LICENSES AND PERMITS
Objectives
The objectives are to determine levels of pollution that may
occur during and subsequent to dredging operations conducted by the
Corps of Engineers.
Description
Activities include collecting and analyzing samples of sediment and
water associated with dredging projects located within Corps operational
sites and providing the Federal facilities activity with information as
to the pollution capacity of these materials.
Projected'Resources and Priorities
Man-
FY Years Dollars Priority
1972 1 25,000 1.2
1973 2 40,000 1.2
197^ 3 40,000 1.2
1975 3 40,000 1.2
1976 3 40,000 1.2
1977 3 40,000 1.2
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
This activity is related to water hygiene and standards activities.
Constraints
The Corps of Engineers, in some cases, conducts its own analysis
on these samples using prescribed EPA techniques; they may object to
having this function transferred.
Comments
Current thinking is that EPA should be performing its own
analyses on these samples.
E-VI-24
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PROGRAM CODE: 325DOO: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL-FEDERAL INSTALLATION
SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION-COORDINATION AND ASSISTANCE
Objective
The objective is to provide analytical support to other Federal
agencies in their water quality control activities. These activities
are responsive to Section 5B of the Clean Water Act of 1966. Services
are administered on a priority basis whereby EPA priority needs are
fulfilled before services are provided other Federal agencies.
Description
Activities include analytical services on Corps of Engineers
dredging samples, reservoir quality samples, and requests from Bureau
of Reclamation for water quality surveys. Services are provided the
Coast Guard for technical backup on proceedings under the 1924 Oil
Pollution Act.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-
FY Years Dollars Priority
1972 3 64,500 1.2
1973 5 107,500 1.2
1974 8 172,000 1.2
1975 10 215,000 1.2
1976 12 258,000 1.2
1977 13 279,500 1.2
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
This program ties in with activities of the Federal activities program
and the Air and Water Programs Division.
Constraints
EPA priorities are fulfilled before requests from other Federal
agencies are considered.
Comments
1972 services are being provided to the Corps of Engineers for
dredging spoil analysis and the U.S. Coast Guard for analysis of
samples used to enforce the 1924 Oil Pollution Act.
E-VI-25
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PROGRAM CODE: 325901: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL-FEDERAL INSTALLATION
SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION-IMPACT STATEMENTS
Objective
The objective is to provide analytical information necessary for
evaluation process during Environmental Impact Statement Review.
Description
Activities include collecting water samples in areas being con-
sidered as possible construction sites for potential sources of emissions
and analyses of these data for possible assessment prior to construction.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-
•^ Years Dollars Priority
1972 1 20,000 1.1
1973 1 20,000 1.1
197^ 1 20,000 1.1
1975 2 35,000 1.1
1976 2 35,ooo 1.1
1977 2 35,000 1.1
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
These activities relate to air and solid wastes, with some
possible connection to pesticides efforts.
Comments
This capability is necessary to provide the Council of Environ-
mental Quality (CEQJ with information on which to base judgments as
to potential environmental insult of construction projects.' Informa-
tion can be geared so that long-range effects can also be assessed.
E-VT-26
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PROGRAM CODE: 326301: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL-OIL AND HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS SPILLS-STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS-
SPILL PREVENTION AND RESPONSE
Objectives
The objectives are to minimize the possibilities of a spill
occurring, and to minimize the harmful effects on the environment when
a spill, does occur, by providing water pollution control expertise.
Description
Analytical services include the "fingerprinting" of oils and
identification of hazardous materials. Chemical and biological analyses
are provided to determine beneficial use damages on shellfish and fish-
food chains as a result of oil and hazardous materials spills. These
analyses provide a basis for recovery of damage suits against the
company causing the spill of oil and hazardous materials.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-
FY Years Dollars Priority
1972 0.5 10,750 1.1
1973 1 21,500 1.1
197^ 1.5 32,250 1.1
1975 2.5 53,750 1.1
1976 3 64,500 1.1
1977 4 86,000 1.1
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Federal activities programs fo the Air and Water Division interact
with this activity.
E-VI-27
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PROGRAM CODES: 32830!: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL-MULTIPLE SOURCES OF
WATER POLLUTE ON-STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS-REFUSE ACT PERMITS;
321301: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL-INDUSTRIAL SOURCES OF WATER
POLLUTION-EFFLUENT STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS-
LICENSES AND PERMITS
Objective
The objective is to insure that no Federal permit is issued, pur-
suant to the provisions of Sections 10 and 13 of the 1899 Rivers and
Harbors Act or other enabling legislation, without full consideration
of environmental factors and the inclusion of permit conditions that
will protect or enhance the quality of the receiving waters.
Description
Activities and responsibilities of the permit program include:
evaluation and conditioning of applications for Federal permits, pro-
viding advice to Federal permitting agencies with respect to various
water quality considerations, validation of data submitted by appli-
cants for Federal permits, and referral of cases to Regional enforce-
ment personnel for handling.
It is anticipated that applications submitted by "major polluters"
will require extensive study and detailed technical review. This
activity will require on-site surveys and sampling of various indus-
trial process waste streams to validate permit application data and to
develop plans for corrective action. The complexity of the industrial
facilities and the necessity for specific technical knowledge of the
individual cases will require that permit personnel be involved in this
activity.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-
FY Years Dollars Priority
1972 0.9 10,000 i
1973 10.8 155,000 2
197U 12.8 190,000 2
1975 12.8 190,000 2
1976 12.8 190,000 2
1977 12.8 190,000 2
E-VI-28
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Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Water Programs- Will provide statistical information relating to
quality and quantity of industrial discharges into the waterways of
the Region.
Enforcement Programs- Will provide technical bases for legal
actions against permit violators.
Constraints
It is essential that close coordination and good communication be
maintained between the permit program and the laboratory or labora-
tories. This situation is most difficult under present circumstances.
Ideally, a centrally located laboratory, supplemented by lesser labora-
tory capabilities located in the lower Mississippi and Texas Gulf
Coast areas, would best serve program needs. Accessibility is and
should be a prime consideration. It is necessary to be able to work
directly with the laboratories. Delays resulting from the inacces-
sibility of poorly located laboratory facilities would have a serious
and adverse impact on the program.
E-VI-29
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PROGRAM CODE: 328501: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL-MULTIPLE SOURCES OF
WATER POLLUTION-ENFORCEMENT
Objectives
The Enforcement Branch is responsible for advising the Regional
Administrator in matters pertaining to the enforcement of standards for
environmental quality and for the conduct of enforcement activities in
the water, air, noise, radiation, pesticides, and solid waste areas.
The Branch is responsible for reviewing enforcement cases to assure
appropriate content and consistency with established policies and pro-
cedures and to maintain comprehensive information on the status of
Regional enforcement activities and of State and industry compliance
plans and actions.
Description
To implement the broad program objectives listed above, the branch
must have the capacity to obtain and develop evidence and then assess
the adequacy and validity of the legal analytical, economic, scientific,
and technical data and findings in the development of enforcement
policy and actions and other legal proceedings. Program objectives at
this time call for concentration of effort in the heavily industrialized
Texas and Louisiana Gulf Coast area as well as the Lower Mississippi.
This responsibility necessitates an adequately equipped and staffed
laboratory easily accessible to the Regional enforcement office to
quickly collect and receive the samples and work with Regional enforce-
ment personnel in the use and development of these samples in enforce-
ment activities. Ready access and availability of a laboratory to the
Regional office is critical.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-
FY Years Dollars Priority
1972 10 iJ*o,ooo 1.1
1973 1^ 196,000 1.1
197^ 18 260,000 2.1
1975 16 222,000 3.2
1976 16 222,000 3.2
1977 16 222,000 3.2
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
This program element is very closely related to other EPA pro-
grams, namely: Permits, Air and Water, and Categorical Programs
(Pesticides, Hazardous Materials, Solid Wastes, Noise, and Radiation).
The collection, compilation, and review of data, development of enforce-
ment actions, and the prosecution of violations occurring in these
media are of prime importance.
E-VI-30
-------
Constraints
The support needed by this program element must be readily avail-
able and accessible. Program personnel must be in close communication
with support personnel to insure proper planning of investigation,
overcome technical difficulties, and so forth, in the collection of
evidence for litigation. The support facility must be readily
accessible to the shipment of samples from points within the Region
and also the support personnel must be able to respond rapidly and
investigate violations as they arise unexpectedly in the Region.
E-VT-31
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PROGRAM CODE: 329^00: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS -
SYSTEMS MONITORING
Objectives
The objectives are to provide analytical information with respect
to water supply systems operated by States and municipalities. Current
practice is to send selected samples of these systems to the Cincinnati
facility for the more difficult parameter analyses.
Description
Activities include the collection of samples from water supply
systems on a routine basis or as required during special conditions;
also, analyses of these samples (in a central laboratory) for those
materials that the State cannot assess or for which data are required
in a more rapid manner than that provided by the Cincinnati laboratory.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-
FY Years Dollars Priority
1972 3 60,000 1.3
1973 3 60,000 1.3
1974 3 70,000 1.3
1975 2 k-0,000 3-3
1976 2 40,000 3-3
1977 2 40,000 3-3
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Information collected may be useful to Enforcement and Surveil-
lance and Analysis Divisions.
Constraints
Through the present arrangement, the water hygiene program has
maintained excellent relations with the highly competent staff of the
Cincinnati laboratory. It is felt that altering this process may tend
to strain this relation.
Comments
Since State agencies are building up their competence in this
area, this activity should perform quality control functions until
the agencies attain full capability.
E-VI-32
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PROGRAM CODE: 330201: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING-WATER-TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE-
MAJOR TECHNICAL SUPPORT
Objectives
The objectives are to develop studies, field investigations, and
water quality data necessary to recommend solutions to the specific
water pollution problems and to support EPA enforcement proceedings
under 180-day standards' violations, shellfish conference proceedings,
and 1899 Refuse Act cases.
Description
Analytical services include the entire spectrum of available tech-
niques in support of major technical support activities. Chemical,
biological, and microbiological services are included.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-
FY Years Dollars Priority
1972 5 107,500 1.1
1973 1 150,500 1.1
197^ 9 193,500 1.1
1975 12 258,000 1.1
1976 13 279,500 1.1
1977 15 322,500 1.1
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
This activity relates in part to technical assistance activities
of the Enforcement Division, Air and Water Programs Division, and Cate-
gorical Programs Division.
E-VI-33
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PROGRAM CODE: 330202: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING-WATER-TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE-
BASIC TECHNICAL SUPPORT
Objectives
The objectives are to develop water quality information to deter-
mine if enforcement actions are needed and also in support of State
pollution control agencies and State water supply evaluations. Tech-
nical data are provided to support 180-day standards' violations, shellfish
conference proceedings, and 1899 Refuse Act violations.
Description
Activities include providing wide variety of analytical services
during investigations of an enforcement nature, as well as in support of
nonenforcement-related studies.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-
FY Years Dollars Priority
1972 6.5 339,750 l.l
1973 8.5 362,750 1.1
197^ 9-5 204,250 l.l
1975 13-5 290,250 l.l
1976 17 365,500 l.l
1977 18.5 397,750 1.1
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Activities are expected to expand into air pollution studies in the
near future.
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 330203: GENERAL ASSISTANCE/', ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING-WATER-TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE-
ESTUARINE AND OCEANOGRAPHIC STUDIES
Objectives
The objectives are to develop water quality information and deter-
mine effects of water quality on estuarine ecology. These services are
required to support the recommendations of the EPA report of the national
estuarine study.
Description
Activities include analytical support to estuarine and oceano-
graphic studies, including analyses on various aquatic organisms.
Projected Resource and Priorities
Man-
FY Years Dollars Priority
1972 0 0 1.3
1973 1 21,500 1.3
197^ 2 1^3,000 1.3
1975 3 6^,500 1.3
1976 k 86,000 1.3
1977 5 107,500 1.3
E-VI-35
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PROGRAM CODE: 330205: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING-WATER-TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE-
MAJOR TECHNICAL SUPPORT-WATER HYGIENE
Objectives
The objectives are to provide State and municipalities with
analytical laboratory assistance during special conditions, such as
epidemics, spills, etc.; and to assist State and local agencies during
development of water hygiene programs by providing analytical infor-
mation regarding water supplies.
Des cription
Activities include coordinating with appropriate agencies regarding
an optimum sampling program and development of projects as required
(routine or special cases); collecting samples and forwarding them to
central laboratory; and analyzing samples and assisting agencies in
assessing information with regard to handling procedures or subsequent
actions to be taken.
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Sampling program information gathered during special or emergency
conditions may be useful to Enforcement Division.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-
FY Years Dollars Priority
1972 2 lj-5,000 1.2
1973 2 Il5,000 1.2
197^ 3 65,000 1.2
1975 3 65,000 1.2
1976 2 50,000 1.3
1977 2 50,000 1.3
Constraints
Refer to Program Code 329^00 since the same comments apply.
Comments
As with Program Code 329^00, this function may be phased out as
States build capability in this area. Quality control (for routine
samples) may be best approach for this activity.
E-VT-36
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PROGRAM CODE: 330501: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVTRONMEM'AL PLANNING
AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING-WATER-FEDERAL WATER QUALITY CONTROL
AND WATER HYGIENE PLANNING AND REPORTS TO CONGRESS-
WATER QUALITY PLANNING
Objective
The objective is to assist in the development and monitoring of
Federal Water Quality Planning activities.
Description
Activities include developing models of river basins as required;
collecting water samples at strategic sites within river basin (accord-
ing to predicted model); and analyzing water samples (for DO, NO:*, S0j.,
TBS) to verify predicted concentrations.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-
FY Years Dollars Priority
1972 1 25,000 3.2
1973 1 25,000 3.2
1974 2 40,000 3.2
1975 2 45,000 3.2
1976 2 45,000 3.2
1977 2 45,000 3.2
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Program applicable to water only; however, the same approach could
be useful in other EPA programs.
Comments
Sampling could be conducted by river authorities.
E-vT-37
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PROGRAM CODE: *I30200: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING-SOLID WASTES-TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Objectives
The objectives are to provide, through consultation, technical
assistance in the area of solid waste management to States and local
governments and other eligible agencies to upgrade their solid waste
management systems.
Description
State and local agencies are presently responsible for all
sampling and analysis with respect to design and operation of solid
waste disposal systems. Special samples are, on occasion, analyzed at
the Solid Waste Research Laboratory in Cincinnati. If present legis-
lation is changed to include enforcement responsibility, this concept
of local sampling and analysis should be authorized under the new
legislation.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-
FY Years Dollars Priority
1972
1973
197^ 1 20,000 3.2
1975 2 36,000 3.3
1976 2 38,000 3.5
1977 2 U0,000 3.5
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Current analyses in air and water programs would be applicable
for certain solid waste samples.
Constraints
Constraints involve licensing of laboratories at local level to
provide the quality of analysis required for all design, operations,
and enforcement needs.
Comments
Using local laboratories appears to be less expensive then main-
taining these services in a government facility or facilities. How-
ever, a cost benefit study should be conducted to determine whether
the quality of data provided by these laboratories is sufficient to
achieve program goals. In addition, supervision would be required to
monitor these laboratories. Data in resources and priorities reflect
this supervisory role.
E-VI-38
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LABORATORY COMPONENT SUMMARY
The following table summarizes, in detail, a revised set of projected
resources (dollars and man-years) for the components of the Region's pro-
grams which requires laboratories. The laboratory is maintained within the
Surveillance and Analysis Division of the Region, although it may provide
services to other parts of the organization.
This summary table may represent a different set of projected labora-
tory resources estimates than are given elsewhere in this section. It was
obtained by providing several assumptions to the Regional Office and ask-
ing that the estimates be revised in light of these assumptions. These
assumptions emphasized that the Regional laboratories should have a multi-
meda role, with programs underway in water, air, land, and other environ-
mental pathways. It was also assumed that the laboratorystaff need be
sufficiently large to provide a "critical mass" of expertise and skills to
effectively implement national environmental programs. These summary tab-
les reflect the revised staffing needs, based on these assumptions.
E-VT-39
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TABLE E-VI-U
LABORATORY COMPONENT SUMMARY, REGION VI
PROGRAM
CODE
AIR
130200
126DOO
126900
121500
NOISE
2J0200
WATER
310500
320300
321300
328200
328300
328400
325100
325^00
320^00
321^00
322^00
3231*00
32^00
FY 72
$K M/Y
170 5
35 2
50 2
-
-
86 4
-
25 1
-
10 0.9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
FY 73
$K M/Y
130 7
^5 3
60 3
-
-
19U 9
-
kO 2
-
155 10.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
FY 7^
$K M/Y
90 8
50 3
75 ^
-
75 2
280 13
-
kO 3
-
190 12.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
FY 75
$K M/Y
150 10
55 3
90 5
-
75 2
387 18
-
4o 3
-
190 12.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
FY 76
$K M/Y
180 12
55 3
90 5
-
75 3
538 25
-
kO 3
-
190 12.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
FY 77
$K M/Y
210 Ik
60 3
100 6
-
75 3
753 35
-
ko 3
-
190 12.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Principally in the Surveillance and Analysis Division
$K=units of $1,000 M/Y=man-years
-------
TABLE E-VI-4 (continued)
PROGRAM
CODE
WATER, cont.
320500
321500
323500
324500
328500
320700
325DOO
325900
326300
326^00 .
326500
329400
330200
330300
330500
330600
SOLID WASTE
430200
PESTICIDES
530200
521500
521400
RADIATION
630200
610500
TOTAL
FY 72
SK M/Y
-
-
-
-
l4o 10
70 4
65 3
20 1
11 0.5
-
-
60 3
293 13-5
-
25 1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1060 50.9
FY 73
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
196 14
85 5
108 5
20 1
22 1
-
-
60 3
4oi 18.5
-
25 1
-
-
17 1
38 2
-
-
-
1596 86.3
FY 74
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
260 18
85 5
172 8
20 1
33 1-5.
-
-
70 3
506 23.5
-
40 2
-
20 1
27 1
60 3
-
-
-
2093 112-8
FY 75
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
222 16
100 6
215 10
35 2
54 6.5
-
-
40 2
678 31-5
-
45 2
-
36 2
38 1.5
75 4
-
-
-
2525 133-3
FY 76
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
222 16
115 J
258 12
35 2
65 3
-
-
40 2
782 36
-
45 2
-
38 2
50 2
90 5
-
-
-
2908 152.8
FY 77
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
222 16
120 7
280 13
35 S
86 4
-
-
40 2
879 40.5
-
4$ 2
-
40 2
60 3
1.4 6
-
-
-
3349 174.3
•1-
H
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SECTION VII: REGION VII LABORATORY PLAN
BACKGROUND
Region VII, comprised of the four states—Iowa, Missouri, Kansas,
and Nebraska—with headquarters located in Kansas City, Mo., has as its
mission supporting to the fullest extent possible the water and enforce-
ment programs. The laboratory is under the Technical Support Branch of
• the Surveillance and Analysis Division. Although the laboratory operates
primarily as a complementary section to field operations, it provides
services to all technical programs in the Region upon request.
At this time, the Regional facility is judged to be inadequate to
support existing needs and requests for laboratory support. The physical
facilities have also been declared unsafe for personnel from the Facili-
ties Branch in Washington. The Region is presently seeking new laboratory
facilities. This need has been acknowledged by the appropriate Assistant
Administrators, and GSA has received certification of fund availability.
An agreement has been reached between GSA and a lessor to provide approxi-
mately 20, 000 square feet of space for an EPA support laboratory for a
period of 15 years at an estimated cost of $250,000 per annum. Initial
expenditures on furniture will be about $160,000.
Current laboratory work is divided among enforcement (50 percent);
water programs including feedlot and planning studies (20 percent); sur-
veillance (10 percent); assistance to other Federal agencies (10 percent);
and analytical quality control (10 percent).
The laboratory staff is delineated as follows:
Chemists - 6
Microbiologists - 2
Technician - 1
Aide - 1.
In addition, the Region has four biologists who will operate out of the
expanded laboratory facility but are presently occupying space in the
Regional Office.
LABORATORY DESCRIPTION
The Missouri Basin Regional Laboratory was established early in
1968 to support the technical programs then the responsibility of the
Region. Technical assistance to the various States, water quality sur-
veillance, international cooperation, water quality standards setting,
E-VII-1
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enforcement, and support to other Federal agencies were the more signifi-
cant activities requiring laboratory backup.
Since 1968, the one-chemist and one-biologist facility has been
expanded into a multiplicity of rooms comprising 2,700 square feet in
various buildings, hallways, and entrance lobbies of the Kansas City
Sewage Treatment Plant. Approximately 2,100 square feet of this space
has been converted to usable laboratory, office, and storage space.
Some of the equipment required in a modern laboratory is available.
Through dedication, ingenuity, and continual rearrangement of equipment
setups, the staff provides the maximum amount of technical support pos-
sible with this limited facility.
The technical programs that the present Interim Regional laboratory
is supporting have increased in importance and impact on the total pol-
lution abatement and water quality enhancement program. The present
location on lease from the Kansas City, Mo., Pollution Control Department
exists because of a special relationship between the two organizations.
The only feasible alternative is to lease space.
The present Regional program activity has greatly expanded beyond
those programs first designed for water quality operations only. Total
EPA responsibility includes solid wastes, air, and water programs. Wo
other laboratory facility exists other than the present interim Labora-
tory.
The emphasis placed on EPA regulatory efforts, enforcement activities
and support of State programs makes it essential that adequate technical
support be available. Of the four States to be the special interest of
Region VII, only one has a reasonable laboratory. This laboratory is
located in a university and serves as a teaching and research facility
while providing the more routine laboratory support.
Region VII is composed of industrial centers, agricultural activi-
ties, and a reasonably dense grouping of small communities. This com-
bination makes the problems diverse and numerous. All require' State and
Federal support.
Meeting the laboratory needs of Region VII program elements is
essential to achievement of EPA goals. The necessary funding to provide
relief from this problem is estimated at $250,000 per fiscal year for
rent and $160, 000 for initial laboratory equipment and furniture--
60 percent for "A" priority, 10 percent for "B" priority, and 30 percent
for "C" priority programs.
E-VII-2
-------
Because of past delays, the required additional laboratory capability is
a current and pressing need.
LABORATORY SYSTEM CONCEPT
Region VII's system concept has its basis in the belief that labora-
tory operations belong in the Surveillance and Analysis Division under
the direct supervision of the Technical Support Branch. The laboratory
should provide chemical and bacteriological support as a service to
requesting programs. Biology is not in the laboratory table of organi-
zation but functions as a separate group because of the unique importance
of biological investigations and the requirement for the biologists to
design and conduct studies, and interpret and report results (see Figure
E-VII-1).
It is also proposed that two satellite laboratory facilities be
developed to support investigations of water quality problems in the
Ozark Lakes in Missouri and feedlot waste problems in Iowa and Nebraska.
Suggested locations are Springfield, Mo., and Mead, Nebr., which could
be in conjunction with the agricultural extension service field sta-
tion.
So that services will be responsive to Regional needs, these labo-
ratories should be under administrative and technical control of the
Regional Administrator. Policy and technical input would be expected
from Headquarters personnel in research areas that have national
implications or priority.
The major objective of the laboratory is to provide support to
requesting programs under priorities provided by the Regional Adminis-
trator. With a service group concept, the division of effort into
program element categories preempts the prerogatives of the Regional
Administrator.
Description
The laboratory scheme desire'd in Region VII is based on the premise
that laboratory services are a support function. This support may be
for discrete jobs or a continuing effort of monitoring, surveillance, or
special study.
At the present time, the function of the laboratory is to provide
support services for all requests in the priority established by the
Regional Administrator. It is anticipated that future functions would
be the same. If the status of the air program is resolved (that is,
regionalization vs. central control), then this function could be inte-
grated into the operations accordingly.
E-VII-3
-------
DIVISION OF
SURVEILLANCE Aim ANALYSIS
OPERATIONS AND
MAINTENANCE
OIL AND HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
SURVEILLANCE AND
EVALUATION
WATER SUPPLY
TECHNICAL SUPPORT
H
FIELD
INVESTIGATIONS
BIOLOGICAL
INVESTIGATIONS
FIGURE E-VII-1. PROPOSED ORGANIZATION, SURVEILLANCE AND ANALYSIS DIVISION, REGION VII
-------
Programs supported by the laboratory Include enforcement, both field
investigations and permits; planning; technical assistance; special
studies; and water quality monitoring. Resource projections are shown
in Table E-VTI-1. Projected growth of 5 percent per year is not adequate
since the Region is lacking in laboratory resources at the present time.
The relation of the laboratory operation with other programs will
depend on the structuring of internal priorities that evolves from
organizational development at the Headquarters level. Any attempt to
predict this structuring would be tantamount to prognosticating the
future.
Constraints on development are primarily the allocation of resources
in terms of manpower and ceilings and the recognition of the need to
achieve long-term goals as well as short-range objectives.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
The primary interest in coordinating with other laboratories is to
exchange information and ideas and to avail ourselves of the expertise
that exists within the Agency. This type of interaction depends upon the
development of mutual trust and friendship between individual laboratory
staffs and the mutual desire for cooperation. The high degree of sophis-
tication in laboratory instrumentation makes this type of interaction
mandatory if EPA is to achieve maximum benefit from these resources.
The laboratory will also interact with the Analytical Quality Con-
trol Group in Cincinnati. It is our belief that data developed for
regulatory purposes must be accompanied by an analytical quality control
validation. The Cincinnati AQC Laboratory is the leader in this field.
SUMMARY
Table E-VII-2 summarizes existing laboratory capabilities in terms
of program element utilization along with required laboratory capabili-
ties for achievement of the desired level of program activity.
The assigned priorities indicate the following:
e A = The indicated laboratory capability required by the program
element is essential to future expansion or improvement of the
program and this need cannot be met by any other means
e B = Same as "A" except the program needs can be met by use of
an alternate approach within the Region although use of the
alternate means would decrease the effectiveness of the program
element
o C = Same as "B" except the alternate means entail relying on
programs external to the Region for support in these areas.
E-VII-5
-------
TABLE E-VII-1: LABORATORY RESOURCES, REGION VII
Laboratory
Site
Kansas City,
Mo.
Springfield,
Mo.
Mead,
Nebr.
Total
FY72
Man-
Years
15
--
—
15
$1000
300a
--
--
300
FY73
Man-
Years
20
1
2
23
$1000
500
25
50
575
FY71+
Man-
Years
30
5
7
1+2
$1000
750
150
200
1,100
FY75
Man-
Years
ho
10
10
60
$1000
800
300
300
1,1+00
FY76
Man-
Years
50
13
10
73
$1000
1,000
i+oo
300
1,700
FY77
Man-
Years
56
13
10
79
$1000
1,700
1+00
300
2,1+00
a
is figure does not include cost of physical facilities or equipment.
-------
TABLE E-VII-2: EXISTING AMD PROJECTED LABORATORY SPACE AM) STAFF, REGION Vi±
Program
Element
Technical Assistance
Technical Support
Monitoring and
Surveillance
Applied R&D
Manpower Development
TOTAL
Existing Lab
Utilization
Space
250 ft2
1,850 ft2
None
None
None
2,100 ft2
Staff
1
7
None
None
2
10
Program Needs for
Lab Capability
Space
U,650 ft2
2,790 ft2
1,860 ft2
6,500 ft2
2,950 ft2
18,750 ft2
Staff
17
10
7
20
2
56
Assigned
Priority
A
A
B
C
C
Meeting of the "A" priority laboratory capability needs is an essen-
tial first step in EPA's effort to abate water pollution-within this
Region. The meeting of the "B" priority laboratory capability needs is
essential to the effectiveness of this Region's abatement and control
program efforts. The "C" priority laboratory needs are required to
achieve a minimum program -within this Region.
Technical Assistance
The present program provides technical assistance to States only upon
request with no real effort made to solicit such requests. Any samples
received for analysis from States are forwarded to either Cincinnati or
Athens. The awkwardness of this arrangement and the resulting delays
in obtaining results have in some cases strained our relationship with
State programs. The Corps of Engineers is provided technical assistance
by our present laboratory to the extent of analyzing 24 samples per
month. Approximately 10 percent of the present laboratory 250
and 1.0 man-year are utilized by this program element.
of space
The desired program is one where we are able to encourage the States
to expand and refine their abatement and control program activities by
offering technical assistance as an incentive. The Corps of Engineers
has also indicated a need for additional technical assistance with expan-
sion of the present workload to approximately 50 samples per month. The
laboratory capability required to achieve this program is estimated at
ft2 with a staff of 17.
E-VII-7
-------
Technical Support
The present laboratory supports the enforcement, Federal activities,
planning grants, and construction grants programs. Field studies to
obtain empirical information for enforcement actions, provide an empiri-
cal base for certification of Federal facilities, and obtain basic
information with which to delineate planning needs for river basins are
the program activities involved. The present laboratory also processes
samples in support of the maintenance and inspection efforts of the
construction grants program. Almost 90 percent of the present laboratory
space, or 1,850 ft , and 7-0 man-years are utilized by this program element.
The desired program is a significantly expanded enforcement effort
including the area of Federal facilities and an increased effort in the
maintenance and inspection phase of the construction grants program.
The laboratory capability required to achieve these levels of program
activity is estimated at 2,790 ft2 with a staff of 10.
Monitoring and Surveillance
Present program efforts are centered around an interagency reimburs-
able agreement ($93,000/yr) with the U.Sk Geological Survey for the
collection and analysis of U3 monthly water samples from ^3 different
locations. Samples are also collected monthly at h other stations by
local programs and 1 other station by the Region VII staff. These 5
samples per month are analyzed by the existing Regional laboratory, which
represents almost no utilization of this existing laboratory capability.
The desired program is to maintain the present number of monitoring
stations but with less dependence on the U.S. Geological Survey for
analysis of the samples collected. This would involve utilizing the U.S.
Geological Survey through the reimbursable agreement for continued sample
collection and routine analysis of the samples. The Regional laboratory
would perform the nonroutine analysis of the samples as a direct func-
tion of the basic data needs of the various enforcement and abatement and
control program efforts in the Region. This degree of versatility is
necessary for the monitoring and surveillance program to be able to
quickly respond to changes in these basic data needs and to provide the
necessary analytical quality control essential to enforcement program
efforts. The laboratory capability required to achieve this desired
program is 1,860 ft2 with a staff of 7.
Applied Research and Development
Present R&D program efforts within the Region are research grants
with no direct technology transfer. There is a need for such feedback
in direct support of Regional abatement and control programs, particu-
larly in the areas of agriculture (principally feedlot and other types
of agricultural run-off problems), sediment, and nonferrous mining.
E-VII-8
-------
These efforts would be conducted strictly in those areas where there is
a lack of or an inadequate technological base for the conduct of Regional
abatement and control programs. The technology developed and the methods
by which it is applied would be made available to the other Regions.
The laboratory capability required to adequately support this program is
estimated at 6,500 ft^ and a staff of 20. The location of this program
effort in Kansas City is requested to facilitate the transfer of tech-
nology from the applied R&D program to those who need it in the Regional
abatement and control program.
Manpower Development
The present manpower development program within the Region does not
include direct training. The main program activity involves on-the-job
training of waste treatment plant operators through contractual arrange-
ments. For State and local personnel to participate in Water Quality
Office training courses they must travel to either Ada, Okla., or Cin-
cinnati, Ohio. The distance and expense involved in doing so severely
limit the number of State and local personnel who can receive this
training because of limited funds available at the State and local level
for out-of-state travel. It is therefore desirable to locate a direct
training facility in the Kansas City area to decrease the expense per
student per day to State and local personnel who can attend these courses.
It is estimated that 2,950 ft of space is required to achieve this
desired program activity level with no increase in staff, since existing
Regional staff personnel and guest lecturers would be used to conduct
courses.
E-VTI-9
-------
LABORATORY COMPONENT SUMMARY
The following table summarizes, in detail, a revised set of projected
resources (dollars and man-years) for the components of the Region's pro-
grams which require laboratories. The laboratory is maintained within the
Surveillance and Analysis Division of the Region, although it may provide
services to other parts of the organization.
This summary table may represent a different set of projected labora-
tory resources estimates than are given elsewhere in this section. It was
obtained by providing several assumptions to the Regional Office and ask-
ing that the estimates be revised in light of these assumptions. These
assumptions emphasized that the Regional laboratories should have a multi-
media role, with programs under way in water, air, land, and other environ-
mental pathways. It was also assumed that the laboratory staff need be
sufficiently large to provide a "critical mass" of expertise and skills to.
effectively implement national environmental programs. These summary tab-
les reflect the revised staffing needs, based on these assumptions.
E-VII-10
-------
LABORATORY COMPONENT SUMMARY, REGION VII
PROGRAM
CODE
AIR
130200
126DOO
126900
121500
NOISE
230200
WATER
310500
320300
321300
328200
328300
328^00
325100
325^00
320^00
321^00
322^00
323^00
32^00
FY 72
$K M/Y
70 1
-
-
-
-
30 2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
20 1
100 5
-
20 1
-
FY 73
$K M/Y
130 k
-
-
-
-
100 k
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
75 3
150 6
-
80 3
25 1
FY 7^
$K M/Y
200 8
-
-
-
-
100 k
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
125 5
150 6
-
125 5
50 2
FY 75
$K M/Y
225 9
-
-
-
-
100 4
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
150 6
150 6
-
150 6
75 3
FY 76
$K M/Y
225 9
-
-
-
-
100 k
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
150 6
150 6
-
150 6
75 3
FY 77
$K M/Y
225 10
-
-
-
-
100 k
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
150 6
175 7
-
150 6
75 3
Principally in the Surveillance and Analysis Division
$K=units of $1,000 M/Y=man-years
-------
TABLE E-VII-3 (continued)
M
PROGRAM
CODE
WATER, cent.
320500
J21500
323500
321*500
328500
320700
325DOO
325900
326300
3261*00
326500
3291*00
330200
330300
330500
330600
SOLID WASTE
1+30200
PESTICIDES
530200
521500
5211*00
RADIATION
630200
610500
TOTAL
FY 72
$K M/Y
-
20 1
-
-
-
-
10 0.5
-
-
-
-
-
25 1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
295 12.5
FY 73
$K M/Y
10 0.5
20 1
10 0.5
10 0.5
10 0.5
-
10 0.5
-
-
10 0.5
-
20 1
50 2
-
-
10 0.5
-
20 1
-
-
-
-
740 J0.5
FY 7l*
$K M/Y
10 0.5
20 1
10 0.5
10 0.5
10 0.5
-
20 1
,
-
10 0.5
-
1*0 2
80 3
10 0.5
-
10 0.5
-
1*0 2
-
-
-
-
1020 1*2.5
FY 75
$K M/Y
10 0.5
20 1
10 0.5
10 0.5
10 0.5
-
20 1
-
-
10 1
-
1*0 2
110 1+
10 0.5
-
10 0.5
-
1*0 2
-
-
-
-
1150 1*8
FY 76
$K M/Y
10 0.5
20 1
10 0.5
10 0.5
10 0.5
-
20 1
-
-
10 1
-
1*0 2
125 5
10 0.5
-
10 0.5
-
1*0 2
-
-
-
-
1165 1*9
FY 77
$K M/Y
10 0.5
20 1
10 0.5
10 0.5
10 0.5
-
20 1
-
-
10 1
-
50 2
125 5
10 0.5
-
10 0.5
-
1*0 2
-
-
-
-
1200 51
-------
SECTION VIII: REGION VIII LABORATORY PLAN
BACKGROUND
Region VIII laboratory in Denver, Colo., provides technical support
to all Regional program elements - water quality (including water hygiene
or water supply), air, solid wastes management, radiation, pesticides,
and manpower development - and technical assistance to State laboratory
programs or other requesting groups. Specific program objectives are
the following:
e To provide and coordinate analytical laboratory support to
Regional program elements for all types of environmental media
c To insure analytical quality control for Regional laboratory
analysis and for analytical data provided by self-monitoring
polluters, other Federal, State, and local agencies
c To develop and provide consultation and assistance to State,
local, and other agencies in analytical methodology, and to
provide associated laboratory support services as required
e To provide technical expertise in support of enforcement
actions.
Analytical capabilities of the laboratory are sufficiently compre-
hensive to permit the conduct of chemical, physical, and biological
analysis on all types of environmental media and waste products. This
work is accomplished by a multidiscipline staff with individual exper-
tise in inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, pesticides analysis,
radiochemistry, microbiology, and biology. Interfaces with the National
Environmental Research Center laboratories are maintained in the areas
of analytical quality control and the field application and testing of
analytical methods developed by research program elements. Reliance is
placed on the national laboratories for the conduct of special pollutant
analyses that require sophisticated expertise and instrumentation beyond
Regional program capabilities.
Mobile units complement the fixed laboratory resources and provide
the capability to conduct on-site physical, chemical, and microbiological
analyses of liquid effluent and receiving water samples.
E-VIII-1
-------
Based on FY72 position allocations from the Office of Resources
Management, laboratory staffing is being implemented in terms of providing
services only to water quality program elements (exclusive of water
hygiene). The proposed composition of the laboratory staff by discipline
and the current status of recruitment efforts are summarized below:
Position Status
Supervisory Inorganic Chemist (GS-12)
Supervisory Aquatic Biologist (GS-12)
Microbiologist (GS-ll)
Radiochemist (GS-ll)
Fishery Biologist (GS-9 )
Inorganic Chemist '(GS-9 )
Aquatic Biologist (GS-7 )
Inorganic Chemist (GS-5 )
Physical Science Technician (GS-6 )
Physical Science Technician (GS-5 )
On-Board
Filled
Filled
Vacant
Vacant
Vacant
On-Board
On-Board
Recruiting
Vacant
Recruiting efforts have been intentionally-held back because of a
lack of adequate laboratory space. At the present time, the only labora-
tory space occupied by Region VIII is a 40-ft semitrailer that pre-
viously served as a mobile unit for the Wheeling Field Station of the
former Ohio Basin Region. Although the interior of the unit has been
reworked to the point that 38 separate analyses including heavy metals
can be conducted on water samples, the small amount of working space
severely limits the sample load that can be handled. Moreover, the space
does not permit either microbiological or biological analysis and is less
than adequate for meeting the minimum water chemistry needs of the Region.
Pending the leasing and completion of a permanent facility, interim space
will have to be secured consistent with the minimal needs of the chemistry,
biology, and microbiology programs.
The decision to develop a radiochemical competency in Region VIII,
at least in the water quality area, is based on the rather extensive
radiation surveillance needs of the Region. Such needs stem from the
location within the Regional boundaries of the bulk of U.S. mining and
milling operations for uranium recovery and the majority of proposed
Plowshare projects. The radiochemistry function of the laboratory does
not involve any significant initial expenditure for nuclear instrumen-
tation and the like, since this activity is not a new program effort,
but rather a continuation of the routine radioactivity surveillance of
the waters of the Colorado River Basin, a project that started in the
early 1960's. Until the laboratory was moved and consolidated into the
Alameda Laboratory of Region IX, the Salt Lake City Laboratory of the
E-VIII-2
-------
Colorado-Bonneville Basins Office (formerly the Colorado River Water
Quality Project) performed the radioactivity analyses associated with
water and bottom sediment samples from the Colorado River Basin (Radium
Monitoring Network). This service was continued until the creation of
EPA Regions removed the Radium Monitoring Network from Region IX respon-
sibility, thereby eliminating the need for a substantial radiochemistry
group in the Alameda Laboratory. Correspondingly, the nuclear instrumen-
tation and equipment are being transferred from Region IX to Region VIII.
In addition to the need for surveillance and the.possession of the neces-
sary equipment, Region VIII also has the necessary technical expertise
in the field-of radiological water pollution control (the Acting Chief of
the Technical Support Branch, Surveillance and Analysis Division, pre-
viously was in charge of the Federal Water Quality Administration radio-
activity programs). Because of this unique set of circumstances, it is
logical that the Region conduct its own radiological analyses instead of
utilizing a national research laboratory such as the Western Environ-
mental Research Laboratory.
Presently, analytical support for the water hygiene, air, and solid
wastes management programs is obtained from centralized laboratories
located in Cincinnati, Ohio, and Raleigh-Durham, N.C. Similar support
for the national pesticides program is provided by the Denver Chemistry
Laboratory of the Pesticides Office. This laboratory has not been
"regionalized" and still receives program direction and support from
Headquarters.
LABORATORY SYSTEM CONCEPT
Future planning involves expanding the laboratory functions from
servicing of the Regional water quality program to a full-service labora-
tory that can meet the analytical needs of all Regional program elements.
This effort will be accomplished by expanding the present staff along the
same lines of scientific disciplines, adding specialists in the field of
air sample analysis, and expanding the coverage of the pesticides labora-
tory to include pesticides residue analyses and other types of organic
analyses.
Program Codes
The FYT2 staffing pattern for the Regional laboratory was developed
from position allocations in the program codes listed as follows:
c Environmental Standards - Water
310500 Water Quality .Surveillance
o General Assistance, Environmental Planning and Environmental
Training - Water
330200 Technical Assistance
E-VIII-3
-------
e Abatement and Control - Industrial Sources of Water Pollution
321300 Effluent Standards and Regulations
321^00 Pollution Source Monitoring
o Abatement and Control - Agricultural Sources of Water Pollution
323^00 Pollution Source Monitoring
c Abatement and Control - Oil and Hazardous Materials Spills
326400 Spill Monitoring
The objectives and activities associated with these program elements are
briefly described below.
Water Quality Surveillance (310500)• A network of 88 water quality
stations is maintained within the six States of Region VIII to monitor
trends in water quality characteristics and to serve as a "pollution
alert" system. In accordance with an interagency reimbursable agreement
($117,3^5/1972 cost), the U.S. Geological Survey collects all the
samples and performs the bulk of the physical, chemical, and bacterio-
logical analyses. The current workload imposed on the resources of the
Regional laboratory is not significant, amounting on an annual basis to
98 nutrient analyses and 50 trace metals analyses. Radioactivity analyses
on quarterly samples collected at 22 stations are currently being
processed by the Radiological Activities Section, Office of Water Pro-
grams, Cincinnati. However, these analyses will be performed in the
Regional laboratory as soon as adequate laboratory space is secured. An
expanded role is planned for the Regional laboratory in the area of
water quality surveillance. This program will not be at the expense of
a reduction in Geological Survey participation, but will occur as the
result of the Regional laboratory analyzing samples for parameters that
are not routinely measured by the Geological Survey. It is also planned
to initiate a program providing for the examination and evaluation of
biological conditions at the network stations on a fixed schedule, per-
haps annually.
Technical Assistance (330200). The basic objectives of this program
element are to provide the States with analytical support upon request
and to upgrade the analytical capabilities of State laboratories. The
latter will be accomplished through the establishment of quality control
programs between the Federal-State laboratories, technical consultation
and instruction in the application and conduct of analytical methods,
and training of State personnel in the Regional laboratory. Compre-
hensive analytical capabilities are also required for the conduct of
technical field studies performed by the Surveillance and Analysis
Division in response to State requests. Because of the embryonic growth
stage of the Region, the technical assistance capabilities of the
laboratory have not been the subject of a State request; however,
E-VIII-^
-------
after the States become aware of this service, we are confident that they
will make substantial use of the available technical services to improve
and upgrade their water pollution abatement and control programs.
Effluent Standards and Regulations (321300). Both the permanent
and mobile laboratory resources of the Region will be used to provide
the Refuse Act Permit Program with analytical support for the effluent
monitoring program.
Pollution Source Monitoring (321^00 and 323*100). Analytical sup-
port is provided to enforcement field surveys conducted by the Enforce-
ment Division or jointly by the Enforcement Division and the Surveillance
and Analysis Division. This work involves the analysis of effluent and
receiving water samples. It is imperative that the handling of samples
be consistent with the procedures required for successful legal action and
that the analytical methodology employed stand up in a court of law.
Spill Monitoring (326^-00). Technical support is provided to the oil
and hazardous materials program. Specific activities include the analysis
of waste products and receiving water samples to document concentrations
following spills, determination of the biological toxicity of spilled
materials as an input to clean-up and other post-spill procedures, and
fish-kill investigations that involve estimates of the number of fish
killed and autopsies.
Laboratory Functions
The primary responsibility of the laboratory is to provide support
to the Regional enforcement program. Consequently, requests from the
enforcement program will receive priority over all other requests for
laboratory services. For FYT2, the enforcement program has projected a
need for approximately 10,000 analyses; however, because of space limi-
tations, it is doubtful that the laboratory will be able to handle such
a workload if it materializes.
Increases in Regional laboratory resources (money and positions) will
be required during FY's 73-77 to meet expanded involvement in the activ-
ities associated with the program codes discussed in the preceding
paragraphs and the expansion of laboratory responsibilities to completely
cover all Regional programs. The areas of increased or additional
responsibilities are briefly outlined below by Regional program.
Water Quality Program (including Water Hygiene). Analytical support
in the form of sample analysis will be performed in accordance with
activities generated under seven program categories (each under the major
program objective, Abatement and Control).
E-VIII-5
-------
e Municipal Sources of Water Pollution (320000)
320400 Pollution Source Monitoring
320700 Financial Assistance and Incentives
320703 Operation and Maintenance
e Transportation Sources of Water Pollution (322000)
322^00 Pollution Source Monitoring
o Mining Sources of Water Pollution (32^000)
32^400 Pollution Source Monitoring
o Federal Installation Sources of Water Pollution (325000)
325000 Coordination and Assistance
o Water Resources Development (327000)
327^00 Pollution Source Monitoring
o Multiple Sources of Water Pollution (328000)
328^00 Pollution Source Monitoring
o Water Supply Systems (329000)
329500 Enforcement
The greatest increase in workload associated with these expanded respon-
sibilities will be associated with the operation and maintenance activ-
ities and the Regional water hygiene program. The function of the water
hygiene program is the surveillance and certification of water supplies
servicing interstate carriers. This activity currently generates an
analytical load of about 600 trace element analyses, 10 carbon-chloro-
form extract determinations, 10 radioactivity analyses, and 20 complete
water analyses (Vj separate parameters). It is proposed that the
responsibility for conducting these analyses be shifted from the- four water
hygiene laboratories located outside the Region to the Regional labora-
tory. Sample analyses required in support of the O&M program will prob-
ably number several hundred per year. However, a significant percentage
of these analyses will be performed at the wastewater treatment plants
during the course of the field studies. A training laboratory will be
located contiguous with the operational laboratories of the Regional
facility. Although this specific laboratory module will be under the
control and direction of the Manpower and Development Branch, Air and
Water Division, the laboratory staff will be responsible for maintaining
the training laboratory in a state of readiness (reagent preparation
and the like), demonstrating the operation of laboratory instrumentation
to trainees, and participating in training programs as guest lecturers.
Support to the manpower and development program should not require
additional positions.
E-VIII-6
-------
Air Quality Program. The air program of the Regional laboratory
will operate within the following categories and sub-categories:
• Environmental Standards - Air (110000)
110500 Ambient Air Quality Surveillance
e General Assistance, Environmental Planning and Environmental
Training - Air (130000)
1J0200 Technical Assistance
e Abatement and Control - Stationary Sources of Air Pollution
(121000)
121300 Emission Standards and Regulations
121500 Enforcement
e Abatement and Control - Federal Sources of Air Pollution
(126000)
126000 Direct Support to Federal Agencies.
As is the case for the Regional water hygiene program, the provision for
air analyses at the Regional level is a shift away from the current
dependence on the centralized North Carolina'laboratories. Capabilities
in the field of air analysis (ambient air and pollution sources) will be
developed to meet the analytical support requirements of the Regional
air program. These requirements will be related to Sections of the 1970
Clean Air Act: Sections 109 and 110, Ambient Air Quality Standards;
Section III, Standards of Performance for New Sources; Section 112,
Hazardous Air Pollutants; Section 115, Abatement by Conference Procedure.
In terms of minimal needs, the laboratory should be staffed and equipped
to conduct analyses for the six air quality parameters for which ambient
air standards have been established. These are:
Particulates (suspended and settleable)
Sulfur dioxide
Hydrocarbons
Nitrogen oxide
Photochemical oxidants
Carbon monoxide
The training laboratory, discussed in the preceding section, will serve
the air training program as well as the water program. In this respect,
the role of the laboratory air quality specialists will be analogous to
the relationship between the "water" chemists and the water training
program.
Solid Waste Management Program. The Regional laboratory will pro-
vide the analytical support associated with the evaluation of the impact
E-VTII-7
-------
of leachates from solid waste disposal sites in water resources. This
activity can be considered an extension of services provided to the
water quality program.
Radiation Program. A radiochemistry group will provide the analytical
support for environmental surveillance activities conducted in the Region.
The workload comprising all types of environmental media will be produced
by activities such as the long-term Radium Monitoring Network (water,
effluent, and bottom sediment samples), special monitoring programs
associated with Plowshare projects, field studies to document the impact
of radioactive waste emissions (liquid and gaseous) from industrial
sources, and technical assistance to the States to meet their radiation
surveillance requirements. The applicable program categories and sub-
categories are:
o Environmental Standards - Radiation (610000)
610500 Environmental Surveillance
a General Assistance, Environmental Planning and Environmental
Training - Radiation (630000)
630200 Technical Assistance
o Abatement and Control - Radiation (621000)
621^00 Emissions Monitoring.
Pesticides Program. Applicable program categories and subcategories
are:
a Environmental Standards - Pesticides (510000)
510500 Environmental Surveillance
e General Assistance, Environmental Planning and Environmental
Training - Pesticides (530000)
530200 Technical Assistance
o Abatement and Control - Pesticides (521000)
521500 Enforcement.
A pesticide chemistry group will provide support for pesticide surveil-
lance activities conducted in the Region. The major workload is gener-
ated by the sampling program coordinated by national program Pesticides
Enforcement Division (each 1500 samples/annum from overall pickup of
about 8000 samples). These samples are partially produced from outside
the Region, a situation that will probably continue because of the
national distribution patterns of these pesticides products. We cannot
anticipate long-term reduction in this sample load. Samples repre-
senting environmental surveillance, accidents, and investigations will
E-VIII-8
-------
require some increase in capacity. Technical support and assistance of
State and local programs will also require resources. New legislation
is pending, and we believe that minimum projections in this area indicate
a probable mandate for increased and speedier sample analysis, with
specific direction to provide technical support to the States.
Projected Laboratory Resources
The projected resources for the Regional laboratory for FY 72-77
are presented in Table E-VTII-1. Man-years for FY72 are only those
serving the Regional water quality program; for FY's 73-77, the projected
staffing levels are based on providing service to all Regional programs.
For example, the breakdown of FY's 73 and 77 is as follows:
FT73 FY77
Water Quality (excluding Water Hygiene) 16 22
Water Hygiene 1 2
Air Quality 2 6
Pesticides 10 l4
29 W
Interaction with Other EPA Programs
There is interaction with the enforcement program and the media and
categorical program offices as a result of providing analytical support
to Headquarters activities that are carried out by Regional program
components. Regarding the utilization of laboratory resources, the
greatest commitment is to the water enforcement program. Regionalization
of the Denver Pesticide Laboratory will not change its interaction with
the enforcement program. Until such time as all EPA Regions have the
capability to check product formulations analytically, the pesticides
analysis component of the Region VTII laboratory will continue to process
samples collected in States other than those comprising Region VIII.
There is no interaction "per se" with the laboratory component of
the National Field Investigations Center-Denver (enforcement program)
other than probable close communication between the respective laboratory
staffs on the subject of analytical methodology. However, because of
its location, NFIC-Denver will be utlized as a primary service source
in situations where the Region's analytical workload exceeds the capacity
of the Regional laboratory.
The Regional laboratory will participate in analytical quality con-
trol programs administered and coordinated by the National Environmental
Research Centers and their satellite laboratories. Further, the Regional
E-VIII-9
-------
TABLE E-VIII-1
LABORATORY RESOURCES, REGION VIII
Fiscal Year
1972
1973
I9Jh
1975
1976
1977
Estimated Cost
Laboratory Space
Modifications, Furniture
and Accessories, and Rent ( $)
95, 000a
860, oood
90, ooo
90, ooo
90, ooo
90, ooo
Major Equipment
Items ($)
70, ooo
155,000
150, oooe
75, 000f
15,000
50,000s
Laboratory
Operating
Expenses ($)
i5,ooob
42, 500
50,000
52,500
57,500
60, 000
Personnel -
Salary, Benefits
and Travel ( $)
105,000
Uo6, ooo
508, ooo
6oh, ooo
689, ooo
758, ooo
Man-Years
10°
29
37
Ul
kk
h^
H
O
Leasing and remodeling of 2000 ft of interim laboratory space - $30,000.
Two mobile laboratory units to support Refuse Act Permit Program - $65,000.
Includes initial chemical reagents expenditure of $5,000 for laboratory startup.
Regional laboratory staff also includes three temporary positions; the Denver Pesticides Laboratory has
seven permanent positions and two temporary positions.
$830,000 for Regional laboratory and $30,000 for mobile air laboratory.
Regional laboratory space requirements:
10,000 ft2
Usable laboratory space
Office space
Shop
Warehouse and storage
Open .
_
Total 18, 000 ft Estimated renovation and furnishings - $7^0, 000
Estimated annual rental - $90,000.
Includes$100,000 for GC-mass spectrometer combination. Instrument will be used to support the organic
chemistry program, particularly pesticides analysis.
_P
Includes a $60,000 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer to complement the mass spectrometer.
3,000 f\f-
500 ft2
3,000 ft;
1,500 ft.
18,000 ft2
-------
Moratory will look to the analytical programs of the national centers
>r expert guidance on analytical methodology and assistance in the form
' performing specialized analyses that cannot be performed in the
igional laboratory.
mstraints
Headquarters approval must be obtained on this plan for a full-service
;gional laboratory. Until such approval is granted, the laboratory func-
.on will be limited to providing analytical.support to the water quality
•ogram. To be consistent with the EPA policy of decentralizing routine
•ogram activities by placing the responsibilities for carrying out these
:tivities in the Regions, the expanded program is necessary.
iteraction with Other Laboratories
The Regional laboratory will work closely with other laboratories
ion-EPA) in the area of quality control. The Regional laboratory will
.so provide consultation and training in the application and conduct of
lalytical methods and assistance in the analysis of environmental samples.
ijor interaction will be with State laboratories and U.S. Geological
irvey laboratories.
E-VTII-ll
-------
LABORATORY COMPONENT SUMMARY
The following table summarizes, in detail, a revised set of proje
resources (dollars and man-years) for the components of the Region's £
grams which require laboratories. The laboratory is maintained withir
Surveillance and Analysis Division of the Region, although it may pro~v
services to other parts of the organization.
This summary table may represent a different set of projected lat
tory resources estimates than are given elsewhere in this section. It
obtained by providing several assumptions to the Regional Office and s
ing that the estimates be revised in light of these assumptions. Thes
assumptions emphasized that the Regional laboratories should have a
multimedia role, with programs under way in water, air, land, and othe
environmental pathways. It was also assumed that the laboratory staff
need be sufficiently large to provide a "critical mass" of expertise s
skills to effectively implement national environmental programs. Thes
summary tables reflect the revised staffing needs, based on these
assumptions.
E-VIII-12
-------
H
H
tt
PROGRAM
CODE
AIR
130200
126DOO
126900
121500
NOISE
230200
WATER
310500
320300
321300
328200
328300
3281+00
325100
325^00
32*00
3211+00
3221+00
323UOO
324^00
FY 72
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
? 1
? 0.75
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
FY 73
$K M/Y
? 1
-
-
? 1
-
'._
-
-
-
? 2
? 1-3
- .
-
-
-
-
-
-
FY 7l+
$K M/Y
? 1.5
-
-
? 2. '5
-
-
-
-
-
? 2.5
? 1.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
FY 75
$K M/Y
? 2.5
-
- '
1 3-5
-
-
-
-
-
? 3-0
? 2.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
FY 76
$K M/Y
? 2.5
-
-
•>. ' 3.5
-
-
-
-
-
? 3.0
? 2.25
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
FY 77
$K M/Y
? 2.5
-
-
? 3-5
-
-
-
-
-
? 3.0
? 2.25
-
-
-
-
- -
-
-
Principally in the Surveillance and Analysis Division
$K=units of $1,000 M/Y=man-years
-------
TABLE E-VIII-2 (continued)
PROGRAM
CODE
WATER, cont .
320500
321500
J23500
32U500
328500
320700
325DOO
325900
326300
326400
326500
3291*00
330200
330300
330500
330600
SOLID WASTE
1*30200
PESTICIDES
530200
521500
510500
5211*00
RADIATIOH
630200
610500
TOTAL
FY 72
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
? l*.25
? 0.1
-
-
1 0.15
-
-
-
">. 1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
122.5 7.25
FY 73
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
? 9
1 0.2
1 0.1
-
? 0.3
-
-
-
? 3
-
-
-
? 0.1
? 0.25
? 7.75
? 2
-
? 1
-
1*1*8.5 29
FY 7!*
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
? 10
? 0.2
? 0.1
-
? 0.3
-
-
-
? 1+.3
-
-
-
? 0.3
? 0.5
? 8.5
? 3
-
? 1.5
-
558 37
FY 75
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
? 10.5
? 0.2
? 0.1
-
? 0.3
-
-
-
? l*.6
-
-
-
? 0.3
? 0.5
? 8.5
? 3
-
? 2
-
656.5 M
JTT 76
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
? 11.25
? 0.2
? 0.2
-
? 0.3
-
-
-
1 5.5
-
-
-
? 0.3
? 1
? 9
J 3
-
? 2
-
7U6.5 1*1*
FY 77
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
? 11.25
7 0.2
? 0.2
-
? 0.3
-
-
-
1 5-5
-
-
-
? 0.3
? 1
? 9
? 3
-
? 2
-
8.8 111*
-------
SECTION IX: REGION IX LABORATORY PLAN
BACKGROUND
Region IX laboratory resource requirements are presented in this
section. It covers non-research program needs in terms of dollars and
man-years for the period FY 1972 through FY 1977- Laboratory require-
ments identified herein are for the sole Regional laboratory facility
now located at Alameda, Calif.
The following assumptions have been made in preparing this plan:
o Support for laboratory operations (for example, field survey
planning, sample collection, data evaluation, report writing)
is not to be included in the laboratory requirements identified
herein
o Pesticide laboratory requirements in support of pesticide mar-
keting inspections are not to be included in .the laboratory
requirements identified herein
e Needed facility improvements and space requirements are not to
be included in the laboratory requirements identified herein
e Regional administrative support and overhead are not to be
included in the laboratory requirements identified herein
c Regional growth during the period FY72-77 will parallel the
projections made by EPA headquarters in "Funding and Manpower
Requirements by Responsible Planning Office - Tentative Oper-
ating Plan" dated October 13, 1971. The Regional share of
projected EPA growth will be approximately proportional to the
FY72 allocation received by the Region as compared with the
national EPA allocation.
The last assumption applies to projected laboratory requirements for
carrying out existing legislative mandates. In view of the limited
information available and lack of clear guidelines, projected laboratory
requirements for "proposed legislation" and "emerging needs" have not
been prepared. As suitable guidelines become available, appropriate
projections will be made by Region IX. It should be recognized that
pending legislation in two areas will have a significant effect on the
Region's projected laboratory requirements:
E-EC-1
-------
e Pending legislation on ocean disposal and protection of marine
resources will impact this Region more than most "because of
the many miles of ocean coastline along the California coast
and the many islands of the Pacific
o Pending legislation on pesticides will impact this Region more
than others because it uses well over 20 percent of all pesti-
cides used in the nation.
EXISTING LABORATORY FACILITIES
The Surveillance and Analysis Division, Region IX, is located in
the Regional Office, San Francisco, Calif. The existing Regional
laboratory is across San Francisco Bay from the Regional Office in
the City of Alameda. All laboratory support for the Region is conducted
by the Technical Support Branch of the Surveillance and Analysis Division.
The Technical Support Branch laboratory is located in a portion of a
converted warehouse, constructed for a World War II military installation.
The functions of the Technical Support Branch are presented in
Figure E-IX-1. The purpose of the laboratory is to provide competent
chemical, biological, microbiological, and other laboratory support to
Regional operating programs for analysis of samples and identification
of pollutants for all Regional programs as directed, with first priority
given to enforcement and regulatory-related activities. It provides
technical experts for testimony in support of enforcement actions. It
also provides technical consultation and assistance to State, local, and
other agencies in methodology and analytical quality control.
The laboratory has grown on a piecemeal basis, keeping pace with
requirements. Also, when a project field station would close, staff and
equipment capabilities were transferred to the existing facility. A list
of organizational sub-units and approximate space assignments in FY?2,
excluding outside storage space, is as follows:
Chemistry 3800 ft2
Biology 1200 ft2
Microbiology , 700 ft2
Support (dishwash, sample process,
autoclave, and the like) 1900 ft^
Storage and Stock ^000 ft2
The laboratory technical staff is specialized in three main areas:
chemistry, both organic and inorganic (six professionals); biology (one
professional); and microbiology (two professionals). The analytical
service is a production-type operation with primary emphasis placed on
regulatory-enforcement programs. Laboratory analytical capability and
instrumentation are summarized on Table E-IX-1.
E-IX-2
-------
td
SURVEILLANCE AND ANALYSIS DIVISION
CHEMISTRY SECTION
5.
6.
Organic and inorganic
chemistry analyses
-Field investigation
assistance
Training assistance
Analytical quality
control
Expert witness
Assistance in oil and
hazardous materials
emergencies
TECHNICAL SUPPORT BRANCH
MICROBIOLOGY SECTION
BIOLOGY SECTION
1. Microbiological analyses
2. Field investigations
3. Planning and conduct
of training
U. Analytical quality
control
5. Expert witness
1. Toxicity bioassays
2. AGP analyses
3. Biota identification and
enumeration
U. Training
5. Expert witness
FIGURE E-IX-1
FUNCTIONS OF TECHNICAL SUPPORT BRANCH, SURVEILLANCE AND ANALYSIS DIVISION, REGION IX
-------
TABLE E-IX-1: LABORATORY CAPABILITIES, REGION IX
BIOLOGY
Benthic Identification
Algal Identification
Fresh Water
Analytical
Algal Growth Studies
Fish Bioassay
Media
Instrumentation
Dissecting Microscopes
Compound Microscopes
Photomicrography
Data Interpretation
Sea Water
Camera Attachments
Incubator
CHEMISTRY
Nutrients
Trace Metals
Demand Tests
Mineral Analysis
Phys ical
Carbon
Analytical
Pesticides
and Herbicides
PCB's
Water—Fresh or Saline
Media
Sediments
Soils
Instrumentation
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometers
Ultraviolet Spectrophotometers
Infrared Spectrophotometers
Gas Chromatographs
Gas Chromatograph - Mass Spectrometer
Scanning UV Spectrophotometer
Oil Comparison and
Identification
Data Interpretation
Tissue
Plants
Fluorometers
Turbidimeters
Auto Analyzers
Automatic Titrator
Carbon Analyzer - Water
pH Meters
MICROBIOLOGY
Total and Fecal Coliform
Fecal Streptococcal Group
- Membrane Filter Technic
- MPN Technic
Water—Fresh
Saline
Waste
Analytical
IMVIC Test
Pathogenic Microorganisms
Data Interpretation
Differentiation of Enterobacteriaceae
Media
Instrumentat ion
Compound Microscope
UV - Fluorescence Microscope
Sediments
Soils
Tissue
Incubators
Autoclave
E-IX-4
-------
Based upon present demands and assigned priority work, the laboratory
is capable of processing the following total number of samples per year:
Minimum Maximum
Q
Chemistry
Organic 800 900
Inorganic 1,000 1,500
Biology 1^00 500
Microbiology 1,700 2,200
Laboratory resource requirements by Program Code are projected for
FY72 through FY77 in Table E-IX-2. Following this table are the indi-
vidual worksheets for each code number.
Dumber of analyses range from 3 to 25 per sample,
E-DC-5
-------
TABLE E-IX-2: LABORATORY RESOURCES, REGION IX
Program
Code
328501
328301
310502
3201+00
3211+00
323*100
32l|l|00
326100
330201
330202
330206
330303
330603
121504
TOTAL
FY?2
$1000
38
63
87
10
16
10
7
15
53
21
6
10
111
-
350
M/Y
2.3
3.8
5.3
0.6
0.9
0.6
o.k
0.9
3.2
1-3
0.3
0.6
0.8
-
21
FY73
$1000
57
138
93
10
16
10
7
15
53
21
6
10
Hi
35
1+85
M/Y
3.5
8.2
5.7
0.6
0.9
0.6
0.1+
0.9
3.2
1.3
0.3
0.6
0.8
2.0
29
FY7l|
$1000
68
138
100
10
17
11
7
15
53
21
6
10
Ik
55
525
M/Y
ll.O
8.2
6.0
0.6
1.0
0.7
OA
0.9
3.2
1.3
0.3
0.6
0.8
3-0
31
FY75
$1000
71+
162
105
11
18
11
8
17
53
21
6
10
lU
70
580
M/Y
1+.5
9-8
6.k
0.7
l.l
0.7
0.5
1.0
3-3
1.3
0.3
0.6
0.8
k.O
35
FY76
$1000
79
169
111
11
18
12
8
18
53
21
6
10
111
90
620
M/Y
U.8
10.1
6.7
0.7
1.1
0.7
0.5
1.1
3-3
1.3
0.3
0.6
0.8
5.0
37
FY77
$1000
81
176
116
12
20
12
9
20
53
21
6
10
Hi
90
6to
M/Y
k.9
10.5
7.0
0.7
1.2
0.7
0.5
1.2
3.3
1.3
0.3
0.6
0.8
5-0
38
H
CTs
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 328501: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - MULTIPLE
SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION - ENFORCEMENT
Objectives
The objectives are to provide timely analytical support for regional
enforcement actions and expert witnesses as required for court actions.
Description
This program receives the highest priority of all laboratory activi-
ties. The program comprises a variety of analyses and techniques in the
fields of organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, microbiology, and biol-
ogy. Generally, all methods used are recognized standard procedures.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-Years Pr ior ity
2.3 1.1
3.5 1.1
U.O 1.1
U.5 l.l
U.8 l.l
U.9 l.l
The major interaction of this program is with the Regional Enforce-
ment Division. More minor interactions may occur with Regional Air and
Water and Categorical Divisions.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Limited interaction with other EPA laboratories will occur as
required to verify procedures and to obtain assistance where specialized
expertise is lacking. Interaction with State laboratories may occur
where joint State/Federal enforcement actions are planned.
Fiscal Year
1972
1973
197^
1975
1976
1977
Relationship to Other
Dollars
38,000
57,000
68,000
7^,000
79,000
81,000
EPA Programs
E-IX-7
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 328301: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - MULTIPLE SOURCES
OF WATER POLLUTION - STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS -
REFUSE ACT PERMITS
Objective
The objective is to provide laboratory support for the analysis of
industrial wastes as required by the regional Refuse Act Permit program.
Description
This program receives high priority in the laboratory since result-
ing analyses may lead to enforcement or regulatory actions. Resulting
analyses also provide input to the regional-industrial waste inventory.
The program comprises a variety of analyses and techniques in the fields
of organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, and microbiology. Generally,
all methods used are recognized standard procedures. Modification of
standard procedures is often required because of interferences encoun-
tered in certain industrial wastes.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Fiscal Year Dollars Man-Years Priority
1972 63,000 3.8 1.1
1973 138,000 8.2 l.l
' 197^ 138,000 8.2 1.1
1975 162,000 9.8 1.1
1976 169,000 10.1 1.1
1977 176,000 10.5 1.1
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
The major interaction of this program is with the Regional Enforce-
ment Division and Surveillance Branch of the Surveillance and Analysis
Division.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Limited interaction with other EPA laboratories will occur as
required to verify procedures and to obtain assistance where specialized
expertise is lacking. Interaction with State laboratories and indus-
trial laboratories may occur where comparative analyses are required.
E-DC-8
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 310502: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - WATER -
WATER QUALITY SURVEILLANCE - WATER QUALITY
MONITORING AND REPORTING
Objective:
The objective is to provide timely analytical reports to regional
environmental monitoring program.
Description
This program comprises a variety of analyses and techniques in the
fields of organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, biology, and micro-
biology. Generally, methods used are recognized standard procedures.
This program is expected to expand when a nationwide EPA monitoring
strategy is developed and the Region becomes more involved in air
monitoring.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Fiscal Year
1972
1973
197U
1975
1976
1977
Dollars
87,000
93,000
100,000
105,000
111,000
116,000
Man-Years
5.3
5-7
6.0
6.k
6.7
7.0
Priority
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
This program will interact with all Regional programs to some extent.
Major interaction at Headquarters level will be with Research and Moni-.
toring and Air and Water Programs.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Limited interaction will occur with other Federal and State labora-
tories engaged in environmental monitoring in similar locations to assure
consistency of methods and procedures.
E-IX-9
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 32CA-00: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - MUNICIPAL SOURCES OF
WATER POLLUTION - POLLUTION SOURCE MONITORING - MUNICIPAL
Objective
The objective is to provide laboratory support for the analysis of
municipal wastes as required for treatment plant surveys and investiga-
tions.
Description
This program comprises a variety of analyses and techniques in the
fields of organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, and microbiology.
Generally, methods used are recognized standard procedures.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Fiscal Year Dollars Man-Years Priority
i.U
1972
1973
197^
1975
1976
1977
10,000
10,000
10,000
11,000
11,000
12,000
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.7
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
This program will interact primarily with the Regional construction
grants and municipal inventory programs. Minor interaction may occur
with Regional enforcement program.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Interaction will occur primarily with municipal sewage treatment
plant laboratories and occasionally with State laboratories to assure
consistency of method and procedures.
E-EC-10
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 321^00: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - INDUSTRIAL
SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION -
POLLUTION SOURCE MONITORING - INDUSTRIAL
Objective
The objective is to provide laboratory support for the analysis of
industrial wastes as required for treatment plant surveys and investiga-
tion.
Description
This program comprises a variety of analyses and techniques in the
fields of organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry and microbiology.
Generally, methods used are recognized standard procedures.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Fiscal Year
1972
1973
197^
1975
1976
1977
Relationship to Other
Dollars
16,000
16,000
17,000
18,000
18,000
20,000
EPA Programs
Man -Years
0.9
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.2
Priority
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
This program will interact primarily with the Refuse Act Permit
program.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Interaction will occur primarily with industrial plant laboratories
and occasionally with State laboratories to assure consistency of methods
and procedures.
E-IX-11
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 323^00: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - AGRICULTURAL
SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION -
POLLUTION SOURCE MONITORING - AGRICULTURAL
Objective
The objective is to provide laboratory support for the analysis of
agricultural wastes as required for special investigations of agricul-
tural pollution.
Description
This program comprises a variety of analyses and techniques in the
fields of organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, and microbiology.
Generally, methods used are recognized standard procedures.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Fiscal Year
1972
1973
197^
1975
1976
1977
Relationship to Other
Dollars
10,000
10,000
11,000
11,000
12,000
12,000
EPA Programs
Man -Years
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
Priority
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
This program will interact primarily with Regional Categorical
Programs, Air and Water Divisions, and Surveillance Branch of Surveil-
lance and Analysis Division.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Very little interaction with other laboratories is anticipated.
E-IX-12
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 32^00: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - MINING
SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION -
POLLUTION SOURCE MONITORING - MINING
Objective
The objective is to provide laboratory support for the analysis of
mining wastes as required for surveys and investigations of mine drain-
age problems.
Description
This program comprises a variety of analyses and techniques in the
field of inorganic chemistry (primarily heavy metals) and biology (fish
toxicity bioassays). Generally, methods used are recognized standard
procedures.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Fiscal Year
1972
1973
197^
1975
1976
1977
Dollars
7,000
7,000
7,000
8,000
8,000
9,000
Man -Years
o.h
o.k
o.k
0.5
0.5
0.5
Priority
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
This program will interact primarily with the Regional Surveillance
Branch, Surveillance and Analysis Division, and Air and Water Division.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Very little interaction is anticipated with other laboratories.
E-EC-13
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 326100: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - OIL AM) HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
SPILLS - RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION
Objective
The objective is to provide timely laboratory support for analyses
of samples collected from oil or hazardous materials spills as required
for possible enforcement actions.
Description
This program receives high priority in the laboratory since result-
ing analyses may lead to enforcement and regulatory actions. The program
requires specialized techniques and equipment for the comparative analy-
ses of oil samples and a variety of capabilities in the fields of organic
and inorganic chemistry. Careful control of samples and analyses is
required since data may be used in legal actions by EPA or U.S. Coast
Guard.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-Years Priority
0.9 1.2
0.9 1.2
0.9 1.2
1.0 1.2
1.1 1.2
1.2 1.2
The major interaction of this program is with the Regional Enforce-
ment Division.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Limited interaction with other EPA laboratories will occur as
required to verify procedures and to obtain assistance where specialized
expertise is lacking.
Fiscal Year
1972
1973
1971!
1975
1976
1977
Relationship to Other
Dollars
15,000
15,000
15,000
17,000
18,000
20,000
EPA Programs
E-IX-lU
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 330201: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNOTG
AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING - WATER - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE -
MAJOR TECHNICAL SUPPORT
Objective
The objective is to provide laboratory support for special investi-
gations of unusual pollution sources and their effects on the environment.
Description
This program comprises a variety of analyses and techniques in the
fields of inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, microbiology, and
biology. Resulting data will be used to support investigations and
reports related to special environmental problems such as dredging
effects, reservoir operations, water reclamation, and pesticide con-
tainer disposal.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-Years Priority
3.2 1.6
3.2 1.6
3.2 1.6
3-3 1.6
3.3 1.6
3.3 1.6
The major interaction of this program is with the Regional Categori-
cal and Air and Water Divisions.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Very little interaction with other laboratories is anticipated.
Fiscal Year
1972
1973
197^
1975
1976
1977
Relationship to Other
Dollars
53,000
53,000
53,000
53,000
53,000
53,000
EPA Programs
E-rs-15
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 330202: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING - WATER - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE -
BASIC TECHNICAL SUPPORT
Objective
The objective is to provide laboratory support for brief technical
assistance investigations requested by States and other Federal agencies,
Description
This program comprises a variety of analyses and techniques in the
fields of inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, microbiology, and
biology. Resulting data will be used in response to requests for tech-
nical assistance.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-Years Priority
1.3 . 1.6
1.3 1.6
1.3 1.6
1.3 1.6
1.3 1.6
1.3 1.6
The major interaction of this program is with the Regional Air and
Water Division.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Very little interaction with other laboratories is anticipated.
Fiscal Year
1972
1973
197^
1975
1976
1977
Relationship to Other
Dollars
21,000
21,000
21,000
21,000
21,000
21,000
EPA Programs
E-IX-16
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 330206: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING - WATER - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE -
BASIC TECHNICAL SUPPORT - WATER HYGIENE
Objective
The objective is to provide laboratory support for investigations
of municipal water supply problem and other water hygiene related
activities.
Description
The program comprises primarily chemistry and bacteriological analy-
ses. Generally, all methods used are recognized standard procedures.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-Years Priority
0.3 1.8
0.3 1.8
0.3 1.8
0.3 1.8
0.3 1.8
0.3 1.8
The major interaction of this program is with the Regional Air and
Water Division.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Limited interaction with State laboratories may occur.
Fiscal Year
1972
1973
197^
1975
1976
1977
Relationship to Other
Dollars
6,000
6,000
6,000
6,000
6,000
6,000
EPA Programs
E-IX-17
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 330303: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING - WATER - TECHNICAL INFORMATION -
TECHNICAL STUDIES
Objective
The objective is to provide technical information related to labora-
tory operations, primarily analytical quality control procedures.
Description
This program provides other laboratories with information about the
EPA analytical quality control program and encourages them to participate
to insure uniformity and consistency in the quality and accuracy of
laboratory analyses.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Fiscal Year Dollars Man-Years Priority
1972
1973
197^
1975
1976
1977
10,000
10,000
10,000
10,000
10,000
10,000
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.6
Relationship to Other EPA Programs
Major interaction is with the Research and Monitoring's Analytical
Quality Control Laboratory at Cincinnati.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Major interaction will occur with other Federal, State, and local
laboratories.
E-IX-18
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 330603: GENERAL ASSISTANCE', ENVIRONMENTAL FLAMING
AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING - WATER - PROFESSIONAL TRAINING
AND MANPOWER PLANNING - DIRECT TRAINING
Objective
The objective is to provide direct training to other Federal, State,
and local officials on laboratory analyses, field techniques, and data
interpretation.
Description
This program utilizes EPA staff with expertise in microbiology,
chemistry, biology, sampling methodology, data interpretation, and the
like to present training courses as requested by other Federal, State,
or local agencies. Training courses may take place at Alameda or other
locations as appropriate for the trainees.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Fiscal Year
1972
1973
197^
1975
1976
1977
Relationship to Other
Dollars
Ik, 000
Ik, 000
Ik, 000
Ik, 000
Ik, 000
Ik, 000
EPA Programs
Man-Years
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
Priority
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
This program will interact with all Regional programs to some extent
and with Headquarters Air and Water and Research and Monitoring programs.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Limited interaction with other EPA laboratories as required to
obtain technical assistance in course presentations.
E-IX-19
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 121500: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - STATIONARY SOURCES OF
AIR POLLUTION - ENFORCEMENT
Objective
The objective is to provide timely analytical support to monitoring
enforcement, and technical assistance programs engaged in Regional air
pollution control.
Description
Air monitoring analyses will be performed from mobile laboratories
and from the Regional laboratory facility as required to meet monitoring
and enforcement analytical requirements.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-Years Priority
2 1.2
3 1.2
k 1.2
5 1.2
5 1.2
The major interaction of this program is with the Regional Enforce-
ment Division. More minor interactions will occur with the Regional Air
and Water Programs Division and the Surveillance Branch of Surveillance
and Analysis Division.
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Limited interaction with other EPA laboratories will occur as
required to verify procedures and to obtain assistance where specialized
expertise is lacking. Interaction with State laboratories may occur
where joint State/Federal actions are planned.
Fiscal Year
1972
1973
197^
1975
1976
1977
Relationship to Other
Dollars
-
35,000
55,000
70,000
90,000
90,000
EPA Programs
E-EC-20
-------
LABORATORY COMPONENT SUMMARY
The following table summarizes, in detail, a revised set of projected
resources (dollars and man-years) for the components of the Region's pro-
grams which require laboratories. The laboratory is maintained -within the
Surveillance and Analysis Division of the Region, although it may provide
services to other parts of the organization.
This summary table may represent a different set of projected labora-
tory resources estimates than are given elsewhere in this section. It was
obtained by providing several assumptions to the Regional Office and ask-
ing that the estimates be revised in light of these assumptions. These
assumptions emphasized that the Regional laboratories should have a multi-
media role, with programs under way in water, air, land, and other environ-
mental pathways. It was also assumed that the laboratory staff need be
sufficiently large to provide a "critical mass" of expertise and skills to
effectively implement national environmental programs. These summary tab-
les reflect the revised staffing needs, based on these assumptions.
E-IX-21
-------
TABLE E-IX-3
LABORATORY COMPONENT SUMMARY, REGION IX
PROGRAM
CODE
AIR
1J0200
126DOO
126900
121500
NOISE
230200
WATER
. 310500
320300
321300
328200
328300
3281*00
325100
3251*00
J20400
3211*00
3221*00
323^00
321*1+00
IT 72
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
-
87 5.3
-
-
-
63 3.8
-
-
-
10 0.6
16 0.9
-
10 0.6
7 o.i*
FY 73
5K M/Y
-
-
-
35 2
-
93 • 5-7
-
-
-
138 8.2
-
-
-
10 0.6
16 0.9
-
10 0.6
7 o.i*
FY 71*
$K M/Y
-
-
. .
55 3
-
100 6
-
-
-
138 8.2
-
-
-
10 0.6
17 1.0
-
11 0.7
7 O.i*
FY 75
$K M/Y
-
-
-
70 1*
-
105 6.1*
-
-
-
162 9.8
-
-
-
11 0.7
18 1.1
-
11 0.7
8 0.5
FY 76
$K M/Y
-
-
-
90 5
-
Ill 6.7
-
-
-
169 10.1
-
-
-
11 0.7
18 l.l
-
12 0.7
8 0.5
FY 77
$K M/Y
-
-
-
90 5
-
116 7
-
-
-
176 10.5
-
-
-
12 0.7
20 1.2
-
12 0.7
9 0.5
ro
ro
Principally in the Surveillance and Analysis Division
-------
TABLE E-IX-3 (continued)
PROGRAM
CODE
WATER, cont.
520500
321500
323500
321*500
328500
320700
325DOO
325900
326300
3261*00
326500
3291*00
330200
330300
330500
330600
SOLID WASTE
1*30200
PESTICIDES
530200
521500
5211*00
RADIATION
630200
610500
TOTAL
FY 72
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
38 2.3
-
-
-
-
15 0.9
-
-
80 1*.8
10 0.6
-
li* 0.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
350 21
FY 73
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
57 3-5
-
-
-
-
15 0.9
-
-
80 U.8
10 0.6
-
li* 0.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
1*85 29
FY Ik
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
68 1*.0
-
-
-
-
15 0.9
-
-
80 i*.8
10 0.6
-
ii* 0.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
525 31
FY 75
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
71* 1*.5
-
-
-
-
17 1
-
-
80 i*.g
10 0.6
-
iii 0.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
580 35
FY 76
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
79 1*.8
-
-
-
-
18 l.l
-
-
80 i*.9
10 0.6
-
lit 0.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
620 37
FY 77
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
81 1*.9
-
-
-
-
20 1.2
-
-
80 i*.9
10 0.6
-
lit 0.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
61*0 38
-------
SECTION X: REGION X LABORATORY PLAN
BACKGROUND
Region X encompasses a large area extending from Alaska on the
north and including Washington, Oregon, and Idaho on the south. The
general mission statement applies here; however, the emphasis in Region
X is on water-oriented programs, including marine life, because of the
long coastline covered. These and other programs are currently sup-
ported by various facilities within the Region and elsewhere.
For water pollution control programs, service is provided by the
Regional Laboratory (which will be completely transferred from Portland,
Oreg., to Redmond, Wash., by January 1972), Consolidated Laboratory
Services in the National Environmental Research Center at Corvallis,
Oreg., and the Alaska Water Laboratory. Water hygiene support is
provided by one of four Division Laboratories in Cincinnati, Ohio,
Narragansett, R.I., Dauphin Island, Ala., or Gig Harbor, Wash.,
and the radiological laboratories in Montgomery, Ala., and Las Vegas,
Nev. Air pollution control programs obtain any laboratory backup
through their Headquarters facilities as do solid waste management pro-
grams. Laboratory service for pesticides programs, exclusive of water
analyses, is provided for product chemistry by the San Francisco Labora-
tory and for use analyses by the Corvallis Laboratory (or other "use"
laboratories). For radiological programs, support is obtained through
facilities in Las Vegas, Nev., and Montgomery, Ala-.
In the future, it is planned to provide for Region X analytical
needs through a fixed laboratory facility in the Seattle vicinity for
those services that can logistically and economically be provided there.
The remaining services will be provided by the Alaska Water Laboratory,
Regional mobile laboratories, or other governmental or private facilities,
Although historic analytical data are not available for all EPA opera-
tional programs in Region X, reasonably complete records have been main-
tained by Consolidated Laboratory Services for water pollution control
activities in the Northwestern Region of EPA since 1968. These data are
shown in Table E-X-1.
In addition, approximately ^00 oil and 150 pesticides samples were
analyzed in the Portland facility of EPA in 1970. Each oil sample was
analyzed for from five to seven different parameters. Pesticides
samples were analyzed for an average of 12 different pesticides.
E-X-1
-------
TABLE E-X-1: CONSOLIDATED LABORATORY SERVICES, MAW-HOURS, REGION X
Month
July
Aug
Sept
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb
March
April
May
June
Total
FY71
399
698
685
558
UU5
152
195
362
177
169
M*7
305
^592
FY70
6^3
U09
392
hQh
161*
ll*5
136
205
1*60
605
1050
53U
5227
FY69
298
58U
1*12
513
362
350
327
U03
388
321
398
203
^559
FY68
190
221
17^5
2^00
865
U02
777
523
6Qh
7U6
^57
M$5
9^75
E-X-2
-------
Although comparable Portland Laboratory data for the years 1968 and 1969
are not at hand, it is estimated they are 50 percent and 75 percent of
the 1970 totals, respectively.
Cost of performing individual analyses was computed on the basis of
experience in the Consolidated Laboratory and is presented in Table
E-X-2. These cost data do not include equipment amortization nor over-
head charges, but represent essentially bench-time personnel costs.
Based on these data, projected costs are assumed to be $l6,000/man-year
for FY?2 up to $20,000/man-year in FY77.
As mentioned above, laboratory services were not provided in
Regional facilities for program activities other than water pollution
control; therefore, it is not possible to display historic trends for
these services. For planning purposes, however, a moderate level of
future laboratory service is assumed for these programs at the Regional
level.
LABORATORY SYSTEM CONCEPT
The Region X Laboratory will be organizationally located in the
Technical Support Branch of the Surveillance and Analysis Division.
This Division maintains environmental monitoring systems and conducts
special studies in support of activities of the Air and Water, Categori-
cal, and Enforcement Divisions. The Regional Laboratory will provide
the analytical backup for the Division's projects either through in-house
capability or contractual arrangements. Additionally, the Regional
Laboratory will provide guidelines, training, and analytical quality con-
trol for other laboratories performing services impinging upon Regional
activities; for example, municipal or industrial laboratories performing
effluent analysis in conformance with the industrial waste discharge
permit program.
One of the major Regional activities affecting laboratory operations
is the enforcement program. The field studies required to support a
strong enforcement program in turn require strong chemical and biological
laboratory capability. In many instances, very rapid turnaround times
are required. The Regional Laboratory will have the necessary expert
staff and instrumentation to respond to these enforcement situations and
to back up their work with expert testimony in court.
Another aspect of the laboratory program involves support of regional
programs in Alaska. Routine analytical support will be provided by the
Alaska Water Laboratory with support from the Regional Laboratory as
required for enforcement-type field investigations: the primary support
laboratory may be either the Alaska Water Laboratory or the Regional Lab-
oratory depending on analytical, logistics, and time requirements.
E-X-3
-------
TABLE E-X-2: CONSOLIDATED LABORATORY SERVICES, COSTS, REGION X
Parameter
Heavy Metals
Arsenic •
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Zinc
Mercury
Subtotal
Nutrients
Kjeldahl Nitrogen
Ammonia
Nitrite
Nitrate
Total Phosphorous
Total Carbon
Total Organic Carbon
Subtotal
Miscellaneous
Turbidity
Hardness
PBI
Grease and Oil
pH
Alkalinity
Conductivity
Subtotal
No. of
Analyses
26k
21+3
U8
368
35^
368
36U
1+08
1+28
1+60
l+6l
1+72
1+17
228
72
307
1+28
1+32
12
!+97
21+2
255
Time/Analysis
(Minutes)
30.0
32.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
32.0
32.0
20.0
26.0
25.0
ll+.O
ll+.O
16.0
15.0
10.0
2.5
2.2
16.0
30.0
2.5
3-2
3.2
SIX MONTHS' TOTAL ( 10/70-3/71)
Total
Man-Hours
132.0
129.6
16.0
122.6
118.0
196.3
19!+. 1
136.0
l,Ol+l+.6
185-5
19L7
107.6
110.1
111.2
57.0
12.0
775.1
12.8
15-7
115-2
6.0
20.7
12.9
13.6
196.9
2,016.6
Total Cost at
$16 . 12/Man-Hour
$ 2,127.81+
2,089.15
257-92
1,976.31
1,902.16
3,l61+.36
3,128.89
2,192.32
$16,838.95
$ 2,990.26
3,000.20
1,73^-51
1,77^.61
1,792.51+
918.81+
193. M+
$12, 1+9!+. 6l
$ 206.3!+
253-08
1,857.02
96.72
333.68
207.9!+
219.23
$ 3,17^.03
$32,507-59
-------
Interaction with Other Laboratories
Close coordination will be maintained with the National Environ-
mental Research Center in Corvallis on such analytical problems as algae
assay procedures. The Regional Laboratory will also work on a contin-
uing basis with the analytical quality control program laboratories in
Cincinnati and North Carolina. At the State level, the Regional Labora-
tory will operate very closely with the laboratories of the State pol-
lution control agencies to avoid duplication of analyses and to develop
consistent methodology.
Program Codes
This system is designed to provide laboratory support in the form
of analytical competence, technical guidance, and expert testimony for
operational programs under the purview of the Region X Office. The
worksheets on the following pages display the extent of support by
individual program codes. Table E-X-3 summarizes the laboratory
resources required for this program. Note that a substantial increase
is projected for FY?3 with moderate subsequent growth.
E-X-5
-------
TABLE E-X-3: LABORATORY RESOURCES, REGION X
Program( s )
Air
Water
Solid Waste
Pesticides
Total
FY72
$1000
0
182
0
0
182
Man-
Years
0
10.8
0
0
10.8
FY73
$1000
180
283
17
68
5U8
Man-
Years
10
16.6
1
h
31.6
FY7U
$1000
200
337
27
90
65U
Man-
Years
11.5
18.7
1.5
5
36.7
FY75
$1000
215
373
38
llU
7UO
Man-
Years
12
19.6
2
6
39-6
FY76
$1000
225
1+10
50
lUO
825
Man-
Years
12.5
20.6
2.5
7
U2.6
FY77
$1000
235
UlO
60
160
865
Man-
Years
13
20.6
3
8
UU.6
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 130200: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING - AIR - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Objectives
The objectives are to develop the capability for supporting opera-
tional programs in the Regional Office and to provide assistance to State
and local pollution control agencies in monitoring emission sources and
ambient air quality.
Description
The bulk of this program consists of mobile laboratory facilities -
1 unit each for Oregon and Washington and 2 units each for Alaska and
Idaho. Each unit will be equipped with the following stationary source
monitors:
o Automatic S02 analyzer
e EPA test train-water vapor and particulates
e N02 - mechanical methods.
Three of the units will have continuous monitoring instruments
(S02, CO, and Ox) and the remainder will use all mechanical methods.
Each unit will be self-sufficient and will be manned by a professional
employee and two technicians.
The Regional Laboratory will have facilities comparable to that in
the mobile units to provide analytical backup and calibration capability
for the mobile units. Any analyses requiring a high degree of accuracy
(such as optical or electron microscope, particle counter) will be con-
ducted at a national facility.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-Years Priority
0
10 (1) 1
11-5 (1.5) 1
12 (2) 1
12.5 (2.5) 1
13 (3) 1
Clumbers in () are for fixed location lab support.
E-X-7
Fiscal Year
72
73
7k
75
76
77
Dollars
0
170, oooa
195,000
205,000
215,000
225,000
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 310500: ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS - WATER -
WATER QUALITY SURVEILLANCE
Objectives
The objectives are to develop a data base sufficient to establish
concentrations and trends of a wide range of specific pollutants in
surface and subsurface waters of the Region; further, to detect viola-
tions of water quality criteria and to provide data with which to judge
the effectiveness of Regional water pollution abatement programs.
Description
Program objectives are achieved through the establishment and main-
tenance of a water quality monitoring network. A large number of samples
of fresh and marine water are analyzed for physical, chemical, biological,
microbiological, and radiological content. Analyses may take place in
a centralized Regional laboratory for conservative pollutants or in the
field for nonconservative pollutants. A Regional centralized labora-
tory is needed to satisfy the limited sample-holding time allowed for
valid results.
Instrumental and remote sensing techniques are used in concert with
the more traditional methods of water quality analyses. Calibration of
electronic water quality sensors is accomplished in the field where
possible or in a centralized laboratory.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Man-Years Priority
2 1
k 1
k 1
h i
5 i
5 i
Fiscal Year
72
73
Ik
75
76
77
Dollars
32,000
68,000
72,000
76 ; ooo
100,000
100,000
E-X-8
-------
PROGRAM CODES: 320UOO: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - MUNICIPAL SOURCES
OF WATER POLLUTION - POLLUTION SOURCE MONITORING - MUNICIPAL;
3211+00: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - INDUSTRIAL SOURCES OF WATER
POLLUTION - POLLUTION SOURCE MONITORING - INDUSTRIAL;
322^00: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - TRANSPORTATION SOURCES OF
WATER POLLUTION - POLLUTION SOURCE MONITORING - TRANSPORTATION;
323*100: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - AGRICULTURAL SOURCES OF WATER
POLLUTION - POLLUTION SOURCE MONITORING - AGRICULTURAL;
321+1*00: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - MINING SOURCES OF WATER
POLLUTION - POLLUTION SOURCE MONITORING - MINING;
3251+00: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - FEDERAL INSTALLATION SOURCES OF
WATER POLLUTION - POLLUTION SOURCE MONITORING - FEDERAL;
3271+00: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT -
POLLUTION SOURCE MONITORING - WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT;
3281+00: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - MULTIPLE SOURCES OF WATER
POLLUTION - POLLUTION SOURCE MONITORING
Objective
The objective is to determine the liquid waste characteristics of
municipal, industrial, agricultural, mining, transportation, and water
resource development activities. Initial emphasis is placed on deter-
mining existing conditions of industrial and municipal discharges, with
future emphasis being placed upon assuring compliance with waste dis-
charge permits over a broader scope of pollution sources. Concurrently,
considerable effort will also be expended to develop strong quality
control programs at private, institutional, and industrial laboratories.
This effort is necessary to insure adequacy of data from self-monitoring
programs.
Description
This activity involves two main areas of effort. The first is
field sampling, which may be done over a short period of time by one
individual or may cover several days and involve large numbers of
personnel. Sampling activities will focus on determinations of effluent
quality and receiving water quality in the immediate vicinity of the
outfall. The second major area involves analytical support. Many of the
routine, simpler analyses will be run in the field. In some instances
this effort may involve use of small mobile laboratories. The majority
of the analytical work, however, will be handled at the Regional Labora-
tory. It will generally be of routine nature with large numbers of
similar analyses such as metals and nutrients. Bioassay analyses of
effluents will also be conducted to determine compliance with limita-
tions on toxic constituents. Another aspect of the laboratory support
will involve the analytic work associated with a Regional quality control
program, including analyses of split samples with industry.
E-X-9
-------
Projected Resources and Priorities
Fiscal Year Dollars Man-Years Priority
72 31,000 1.8 1
73 73,000 U.3 1
7^ 110,000 6.h 1
75 135,000 7.3 1
76 lUo,000 7.3 1
77 11+0,000 7.3 1
E-X-10
-------
PROGRAM CODES: 326^00: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - OIL
AND HAZARDOUS MATERIAL SPILLS - SPILL MONITORING;
AND 320500, 321500, 323500, 32^500: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL -
MUNICIPAL, INDUSTRIAL, AGRICULTURAL AND
MINING SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION -
FIELD INVESTIGATION STUDIES
Objectives
The objectives are to conduct biological and chemical investigations
yielding scientific evidence of violations of water quality protection
laws and standards; further, to provide expert interpretation of
scientific data resulting from these investigations.
Description
Samples of liquid wastes and the waters receiving these wastes are
analyzed for the presence of hazardous substances and other character-
istics that render the receiving water unfit for its intended uses.
Sophisticated analytical techniques are often required to define the
source or sources of pollutants observed in the receiving water. It is
often necessary to demonstrate the deleterious effects of wastes.
Effluent and receiving water bioassays under carefully controlled labora-
tory conditions are frequently used to demonstrate the toxic character-
istics of a waste. Analytical work for enforcement purposes requires
special sample handling techniques to assure the admissibility of the
data. Sample identification and secure storage documentation are
required in addition to unimpeachable analytical quality control.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Fiscal Year Dollars Man-Years Priority
72 109,000 6.1* 1
73 121,000 7.1 1
7k 130,000 7.1 1
75 135,000 7.1 1
76 11*0,000 7.1 1
77 1^0,000 7.1 1
E-X-11
-------
PROGRAM CODES: JJOJOO: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING - WATER - TECHNICAL INFORMATION;
320300: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - MUNICIPAL SOURCES OF
WATER POLLUTION - EFFLUENT STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS;
321300: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - INDUSTRIAL SOURCES OF
WATER POLLUTION - EFFLUENT STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS;
322300: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - TRANSPORTATION SOURCES
OF WATER POLLUTION -EFFLUENT STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS;
323300: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - AGRICULTURAL SOURCES OF
WATER POLLUTION - EFFLUENT STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS;
32^300: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - MINING SOURCES OF WATER
POLLUTION - EFFLUENT STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS
Objective
The objective is to conduct technical studies needed to support
operating programs/State agencies, and others as appropriate.
Description
Work performed under these categories usually takes the form of a
technical study to define a specific problem and preparation of a report
or guidelines. Examples of such studies are those conducted by Region X
on dredging activities, an industrial waste guide on mining, fish hatch-
ery waste problems, and bacteriological studies of industrial effluents.
These studies may be short or may cover a period of a year or two. Labo-
ratory support for this type of study must be tailored to the specific
need and may vary quite widely.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Fiscal Year Dollars Man-Years Priority
72 10,000 0.6 1
73 21,000 1.2 1
7k 25,000 1.2 1
75 27,000 1.2 1
76 30,000 1.2 1
77 30,000 1.2 1
E-X-12
-------
PROGRAM CODE: 430200 - GENERAL ASSISTANCE ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING - SOLID WASTES - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Objective
The objective is to bring about the improvement of existing solid
wastes management systems through provision of technical assistance to
public and private agencies and organizations, industrial groups, and
individuals.
Description
Technical assistance will be provided through sampling and analysis
of leachate from landfills. Additional studies may involve analyses of
gaseous emissions from these areas and the extent of solid waste sta-
bilization.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Fiscal Year Dollars Man-Years Priority
72 0 0
73 17,000 1 1
7U 27,000 1.5 1
75 38,000 2 1
76 50,000 2.5 1
77 60,000 3 1
E-X-13
-------
PROGRAM CODES: 521500: ABATEMENT AND CONTROL - PESTICIDES - ENFORCEMENT;
AND 530200: GENERAL ASSISTANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING AND
ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING - PESTICIDES - TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Objectives
The objectives are to provide technical support for Regional/Federal
enforcement activities and also to provide technical assistance to State
and local regulatory agencies.
Description
Official samples of pesticides products will be chemically analyzed
for FIFRA compliance. When indicated, the samples will be forwarded to
national pesticides use laboratories for efficiency studies. The labora-
tory will have the competence to develop an environmental pesticides
monitoring program when needed. Analytical laboratory support will be
provided upon request to State and local laboratories, in addition to
technical guidance and consultation as needed.
Projected Resources and Priorities
Fiscal Year Dollars Man-Years Priority
72 00
73 68,000 h 1
7^ 90,000 5 1
75 11^,000 6 1
76 1^0,000 7 1
77 160,000 8 1
-------
LABORATORY COMPONENT SUMMARY
The following table summarizes, in detail, a revised set of projected
resources (dollars and man-years) for the components of the Region's pro-
grams which require laboratories. The laboratory is maintained within the
Surveillance and Analysis Division of the Region, although it may provide
services to other parts of the organization.
This summary table may represent a different set of projected labora-
tory resources estimates than are given elsewhere in this section. It was
obtained by providing several assumptions to the Regional Office and ask-
ing that the estimates be revised in light of these assumptions. These
assumptions emphasized that the Regional laboratories should have a multi-
media role, with programs under way in water, air, land, and other environ-
mental pathways. It was also assumed that the laboratory staff need be
sufficiently large to provide a "critical mass" of expertise and skills to
effectively implement national environmental programs. These summary tab-
les reflect the revised staffing needs, based on thses assumptions.
E-X-15
-------
TABLE E-X-4
LABORATORY COMPONENT SUMMARY, REGION X
M
PROGRAM
CODE
AIR
130200
126DOO
126900
121500
NOISE
230200
WATER
310500
320300 '
321300
328200
328300
3281*00
325100
3251*00
3201*00 '
32ll*00
3221*00
3231*00
321*1*00
FY 72
$K M/Y
-
-
-
-
23 1
23 l
-
-
-
96 1*
FY 73
$K M/Y
96 1*
1*8 2
-
-
2k 1
2k 1
-
-
-
li*i* 6
FY Ik
$ K M/Y
150 6
50 2
-
-
50 2
50 2
-
-
-
200 8
FY 75
$K M/Y
182 7
52 2
-
-
52 2
52 2
-
-
-
208 8
FY 76
$K M/Y
189 7
5l* 2
-
-
5k 2
81 3
-
-
-
2^3 9
FY 77
$K M/Y
221* 8
56 2
-
-
56 2
8lt 3
-
-
-
280 10
Principally in the Surveillance and Analysis Division
$K=units of $1,000 M/Y=man-years
-------
TABLE E-X-1* (continued)
PROGRAM
CODE
WATER, cent.
320500 '
321500
323500
321+500
328500
320700
325DOO
325900
326300
326^00
326500
329l)-00
330200
330300
330500
330600
SOLID WASTE
1*30200
PESTICIDES
530200
521500
5211+00
RADIATION
630200
610500
TOTAL
FY 72
$K M/Y
120 5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
262 11
FY 73
$K M/Y
11*8 7
-
21* 1
72 3
-
2l* 1
1*8 2
-
-
-
-
1*8 2
-
-
-
720 30
FY 7l*
$K M/Y
250 10
-
25 1
125 5
-
50 2
125 5
-
-
-
50 2
-
-
-
1125 1*5
FY 75
$K M/Y
286 11
-
26 1
130 5
-
52 2
130 5
-
-
-
-
52 2
-
-
-
1222 1*7
FY 76
$K M/Y
297 11
-
27 1
135 5
-
5!* 2
135 5
-
-
-
-
5l* 2
-
-
-
1323 1*9
FY 77
$K M/Y
308 11
-
28 1
11*0 5
-
56 2
140 5
-
-
-
-
56 2
-
-
-
li*28 51
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