June 1976
Enviror
OOOK76003
Small
Task
Establishing National
Effluent Limitations Guidelines
and Standards
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Contents
2 What is an effluent limitation
guideline?
What is an effluent limitation?
What is a point source?
What are new source performance
standards?
Do effluent limitations alter our
approach to pollution control?
How does the permit system work?
What is the scope of NPDES?
What are the penalties for non-
compliance?
3 What control technologies will be
employed to achieve effluent
reductions? What is the timetable?
5 What industries come under the
program?
What's involved in developing
guidelines and standards?
Where can the data used to develop
effluent limitations be found?
What does the development
document include?
6 What does the economic document
include?
Who prepares the documents?
Who reviews the contractors' drafts?
Are the contractors' draft
development documents available
to the public?
7 What is the next step in establishing
guidelines and standards?
How does the public know when
regulations are being proposed or
promulgated?
How does the development document
which supports the proposed
regulation differ from the contractors'
draft development document?
What is an economic analysis
document?
8 Are the economic and technical
documents available to the public?
How does EPA solicit comments
from the public?
What kind of comments does EPA
especially invite?
How should comments be submitted?
Which regulations have been
promulgated?, ... .
9 Where can finaj economic documents
be obtained? , .,».' .,, •..,..
* ri , '."'''./ , '••'•'i-'.-l «
Where can final ^fVf-,
documents be obtained?
ft) Further Questions?
Publications Available.
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The Federal Water Pollution
Control Act Amendments of 1972
have initiated the world's most
massive attack on polluted rivers, lakes
and ocean waters.
- The Amendments provide sharply
increased financial help to States and
communities and strengthen
enforcement of the Act by the States
and the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. EPA provides
grants to States and communities to
construct municipal sewage treatment
plants; these grants will reach $18
billion under the Amendments.
A critical element of this broad, new
national program for clean water is a
system of effluent limitations and
permits applicable to dischargers of
wastes into navigable waters. EPA and
the States issue waste-water discharge
permits to individual factories, power
plants, refineries, etc. based on
national effluent limitations guidelines.
These guidelines govern the amount,
and the chemical, physical and
biological characteristics of effluent
that industry may dump into
waterways.
(Effluent controls and the permit
system also apply across-the-board to
municipal sewage treatment plants.)
The system of limitations and permits
is designed to help America reach two
great goals of the 1972 Act—by July
1983, water that is clean enough for
swimming, boating, and protection of
fish, shellfish and wildlife, and by 1985,
no more discharges of pollutants into
the Nation's waters.
This booklet—through a series of
questions and answers—discusses how
effluent limitations guidelines and new
source performance standards for
industry are put together, their complex
nature, and the scope of their
application to industry. It explains how
outside technical experts and the
general public may participate in the
development of these guidelines and
standards. It also tells where the
documents which form the basis of the
guidelines and standards may be
obtained or examined.
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What is an effluent limitation
guideline?
An effluent limitation guideline sets
forth the degree of reduction of a
pollutant that is attainable through the
application of various levels of
technology. The guidelines are
developed by EPA based on the
total body of known information on
effluents from a particular industry.
What is an effluent limitation?
An effluent limitation is a restriction
on the amount of a pollutant that may
be released from a point source into a
body of water. These limitations, based
on EPA's effluent limitations guidelines,
are spelled out in the discharge
permits each industry must obtain in
order to discharge pollutants into the
Nation's waterways.
What is a point source?
A point source is any discernible,
confined conduit, including pipes,
ditches, channels, sewers, tunnels,
vessels and other floating craft, from
which pollutants are discharged.
What are new source performance
standards?
New source performance standards
reflect the greatest degree of effluent
reduction which EPA determines to be
achievable through the application of
the "best available demonstrated
control technology, processes,
operating methods, or other
alternatives, including, where
practicable, a standard permitting no
discharge of pollutants." They apply to
any new point sources (buildings,
structures, facilities, or installations
from which pollutants are discharged),
on which construction begins after the
publication of proposed regulations
prescribing standards of performance
for those sources.
Do effluent limitations alter our
approach to pollution control?
Yes. The thrust of enforcement is
shifted from water quality standards,
which regulate the amount of pollutants
in a given body of water, to effluent
limitations, which regulate the amount
of pollutants put into the water from
specific point sources.
Also, each industry must now
monitor its own discharges of
pollutants, and submit periodic reports
to control agencies. If the limitations
do not achieve a desired water quality
for a certain waterway, more stringent
restrictions on the effluent may be
imposed by the State or EPA.
How does the permit system work?
Effluent limitations are the basis for
wastewater discharge permits issued by
EPA or the States. The permits are
issued under the National Pollutant
Discharge Elimination System
(NPDES), a national program
established under the 1972 Water Act.
Each industrial, agricultural, and
publicly-owned point source discharger
must apply for and obtain a permit. If
a discharger cannot comply
immediately with the proposed
limitations, the permit will include a
schedule setting forth specific dates
when the required reduction of
pollutants must be achieved. Many
States have been authorized by EPA to
run their own permit systems, which
are monitored and reviewed periodically
by EPA.
What is the scope of NPDES?
NPDES affects tens of thousands of
industries, municipal sewage treatment
plants, and agricultural sources,
including feedlots. It also applies to
acid mine drainage from surface and
subsurface coal mines where the
drainage is from a point source, and to
working oil rigs on land and offshore.
_ By the spring of 1975, effluent
limitations had been set for, and
permits issued to, nearly all major
industrial dischargers in the Nation.
What are the penalties for
non-compliance?
Non-compliance with NPDES
permits carries severe civil and
criminal penalties. Civil violations
carry penalties not exceeding $10,000
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per day. Willful or negligent violations
can bring fines of up to $25,000 a day
and one year in prison for the first
offense, and up to $50,000 a day and
two years in prison for subsequent
violations.
What control technologies will be
employed to achieve effective effluent
reduction by industry? What is the
timetable?
By July 1, 1977, all industries
discharging wastes into navigable waters
must achieve "best practicable control
technology currently available,"
according to the Act. This control
technology represents the average of
the best existing waste treatment
performance within each industry
category or subcategory.
In categories of industry where
waste treatment performance is
generally inadequate, EPA may, in
compensation, establish tougher effluent
limitations, provided that the
technology necessary to clean up is
available at a reasonable cost. In most
plants, effluent limitations may well be
met by controlling in-plant technology
rather than by building additions to
treatment plants. In-plant controls may
include conserving water, controlling
leaks, purchasing better quality raw
materials, substituting chemical
additives or changing manufacturing
processes.
By July 1, 1983, the "best available
technology economically achievable"
must be in force. This technology will
be based on the very best control and
treatment measures that have been
developed or are capable of being
developed within the appropriate
industrial category or subcategory.
In meeting the two deadlines,
dischargers are required to treat their
wastes to a degree made possible by the
two technologies, but are not required
to use any particular method or process
of pollution control.
A third level of treatment is
established by the Act for new sources,
such as factories, which are built after
publication of proposed regulations
prescribing a standard of performance.
The Act describes this level of
treatment as the "best available
demonstrated controlled technology,
processes, operating methods or other
alternatives including, where
practicable, a standard permitting no
discharge of pollutants."
In some cases, the new source
performance standard may be
somewhat more stringent than either
the 1977 or 1983 limitation for existing
sources because better systems for
treating wastes can be built right into
new plants. The selection of technology
and hence the development of
standards for 1977, 1983 and new
sources include consideration of the
economic impact of uniform
compliance with resulting standards.
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Table 1 Group I Industries
Industrial Category
Asbestos Manufacturing
Builders Paper and
Board Mills
Canned & Preserved Fruits
& Vegetable Processing
Canned & Preserved Seafood
Processing
Cement Manufacturing
Dairy Product Processing
Electroplating
Feedlots
Ferroalloy Manufacturing
Fertilizer Manufacturing
Glass Manufacturing
Grain Mills
Inorganic Chemicals
Manufacturing
Iron & Steel Manufacturing
Leather Tanning & Finishing
Meat Product & Rendering
Processing
Nonferrous Metals
Manufacturing
Organic Chemicals
Manufacturing
Petroleum Refining
Phosphate Manufacturing
Plastics & Synthetic
Materials
Pulp, Paper and
Paperboard Mills
Rubber Processing
Soap & Detergent
Manufacturing
Steam Electric Power Plants
Sugar Processing
Textile Mills
Timber Products Processing
Phase I Segments
Building, Construction &
Paper
Builders Paper & Roofing
Felt
Citrus, Apple & Potatoes
Catfish, Crab, Shrimp &
Tuna
Cement Manufacturing
Dairy Product Processing
Copper, Nickel, Chrome &
Zinc
Feedlots
Smelting & Slag Processing
Basic Fertilizer Chemicals
Insulation Fiberglass
Flat Glass
Grain Processing
Major Inorganic Products
Steel Making
Leather Tanning & Finishing
Red Meat Processing
Bauxite Refining
Primary Aluminum
Smelting
Secondary Aluminum
Smelting
Major Organic Products
Petroleum Refining
Phosphorus-Derived
Chemicals
Synthetic Resins
Unbleached Kraft & Semi-
chemical Pulp
Tire & Synthetic
Soap & Detergent
Manufacturing
Steam Electric Power Plants
Beet Sugar
Cane Sugar Refining
Textile Mills
Plywood, Hardboard &
Wood Preserving
Phase II Segments
Textile, Friction Materials,
& Sealing Devices
Major Significant Products
Fish Meal, Salmon, Bottom
Fish, Sardine, Herring, Clam,
Oyster, Scallop, and Abalone
Precious and Other Metal
Plating
Calcium Carbide
Electrolytic Ferroalloys
Formulated Fertilizer
Pressed & Blown Glass
Animal Feed, Breakfast
Cereal, and Wheat Starch
Significant Inorganic Products
Forming & Finishing
Foundries
Processor
Renderer
Poultry
Zinc
Lead
Primary Copper Smelting
& Refining
Secondary Copper
Significant Organic Products
Other Non-Fertilizer Phosphate
Chemicals
Synthetic Polymers
Synthetic Resins—Addendum
Bleached Kraft, Sulfite,
Groundwood, Soda, Drink &
Non-integrated Paper Mills
Fabricated & Reclaimed Rubber
Raw Cane Sugar Processing
Wet Storage, Sawmills,
Particleboard & Insulation Board
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Table 2 Group II Industries
Paint and Ink
Converted Paper
Fish Hatcheries
Transportation
Asphalt-Paving
Auto and Other
Laundries
Water Supply
Coal Mining
Mineral Mining
Petroleum and Gas
Extraction
Furniture
Machinery and
Machinery
Products
Ore Mining and
Dressing
Misc. Chemicals
Misc. Foods and
Beverages
Concrete Products
Clay and Gypsum
Steam Supply
What industries come under the
effluent guidelines program?
The Act identified a minimum of 28
categories (Group I) of industrial
dischargers for which EPA was
required to develop effluent limitations
guidelines for existing sources, and
standards of performance for new
sources. In addition, the Act directed
EPA to revise this list of categories
and thus another 18 categories (Group
II) were established.
Because of the diversity of many of
the 28 categories of dischargers
designated as Group I priority, some of
the industries were further divided
into Phase I and Phase II segments.
See Tables 1 and 2.
What's involved in developing
guidelines or standards?
First, some basic technical factors
must be considered:
• cost of pollution control
• age of the industrial facilities
• manufacturing processes employed
• environmental impact of pollution
controls (other than water
quality)
• energy
Because broad differences exist in
discharges within each industrial
category, EPA developed more than
500 subcategories. Guidelines and
standards must be established for each
of these subcategories. Studies are made
of typical waste loads and of the
available treatment and control
technologies. The end result is a
comprehensive analysis of the
pollutants in discharges and
identification of the substances to be
controlled.
The entire range of available control
technology within each subcategory is
identified from the least to the most
efficient. Consideration also is given to
technologies only in the development
or pilot stage.
An engineering analysis is made of
each general level of technology to
determine costs. The analysis includes
estimates for investment, operation,
maintenance, and energy. These studies
identify the pollution reduction possible
at a given cost level. They also provide
the basis for an economic analysis of
the impact of compliance with the
alternative limitations under
consideration.
Where can the data used to develop
effluent .limitations be found for a
specific industry?
The overall data necessary to
establish guidelines and standards for
an industrial category are collected
and analyzed and published in two
major studies—"Development
Document for Effluent Limitations
Guidelines and New Source
Performance Standards" and
"Economic Impact Analysis of Effluent
Guidelines." The documents for each
category are published by EPA for
both proposed and final limitations and
are released simultaneously with the
proposed and final effluent regulations.
What does the development
document include?
It provides information on the
methods used in an industrial category
to control pollutants to meet
requirements of the Act. It reports the
degree of reduction of pollutants in
effluent that is attainable under
various levels of control technology
through 1983 and for new sources.
Costs to industry are also estimated.
What does the economic document
include?
It provides an analysis of the
economic impact of compliance with
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the limitations guidelines and
standards identified in the development
document, The focus of the analysis is
on impacts to prices, production,
employment, the community,
industrial growth and foreign trade.
Who prepares the documents?
A mass of data must be obtained and
evaluated by EPA before limitations
guidelines or standards are proposed by
the Agency. EPA has retained
consulting contractors to provide
studies on the best practicable and
best available technology for an
industrial category (draft development
documents), and studies on the
economic impact of the technologies
on the category (economic document).
EPA works closely with the contractors
to provide a day-by-day evaluation of
control problems and solutions.
The technical contractor's report is
considered to be a draft of the
development document. It is
subsequently revised by the Agency
to become an EPA publication. The
economic analysis however, remains a
contractor's report and is considered
along with any other information
available to EPA regarding economic
impact.
Who reviews the contractors'
completed drafts?
There is intensive review of the
contractors' draft development
documents both inside and outside
EPA.
When the draft development
documents are received by EPA, they
are distributed immediately to
external reviewers for critical analysis.
These reviewers include State and
territorial water or environmental
departments, Federal agencies, public
interest groups, environmental groups,
and industries and trade associations
directly concerned with effluent
guidelines development. Comments are
normally requested within 30 days.
This gives EPA time to consider the
comments while preparing proposed
rule-making documents.
EPA's review is by staff members and
by the Effluent Standards and Water
Quality Information Advisory
Committee (ES & WQIAC). The
Committee, established under the
1972 Act, and chosen from the scientific
community by EPA's Administrator,
provides, assesses, and evaluates
scientific and technical information
on effluent standards and toxic
substances.
The economic document for a
category cannot be completed until
the cost information in the draft
development document has been
received and reviewed. Therefore,
the economic studies are not available
for review by the public until
regulations are actually proposed in
the Federal Register. Both the
development document limitations and
guidelines, and the accompanying
analysis are reviewed by other
government agencies prior to proposal
and promulgation.
This process of internal and external
review (see flow chart) is carried on
simultaneously to meet the time
constraints set forth in the Act.
Are the contractors' draft development
documents available to the public?
Yes. They may be inspected at any
of EPA's ten Regional Office libraries
listed below or at EPA's Public
Information Reference Unit in
Washington, D.C.
Effluent Limitations
Guidelines and Standards
Development Process
Contracts awarded
for technical studies
and economic
impact analysis
Prior work with
industry a major
factor in contractor
selection
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EPA Regional
Region I
John F. Kennedy
Federal Bldg.
Boston, MA 02203
Region II
26 Federal Plaza
New York, NY 10007
Region III
1 6th and Walnut Sts.
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Region IV
1421 Peachtree St., NE
Atlanta, GA 30309
Region V
230 S. Dearborn St.
Chicago, IL 60604
Office Libraries
Region VI
1600 Patterson St.
Dallas, TX 75201
Region VII
1735 Baltimore Ave.
Kansas City, MO 64108
Region VIII
1860 Lincoln St.
Denver, CO 80203
Region IX
100 California St.
San Francisco, CA
94111
Region X
1200 Sixth Ave.
Seattle, WA 98101
What is the next step in establishing
guidelines and standards?
The next step is to consider the
comments and information received
during the comment period and to
incorporate consideration of the
completed economic impact analysis.
After the limitations are accepted as
appropriate, the proposed regulation is
published in the Federal Register. At
the same time, development and
economic documents are released in
support of these proposed guidelines
and standards.
How does the public know when
regulations are being proposed or
promulgated?
All proposed and promulgated
regulations appear in the Federal
Register which provides a uniform
system for making regulations and legal
notices issued by Federal agencies
available to the public. Published daily,
Monday through Friday (except
holidays), the Federal Register is
available in most libraries. Individual
copies are available at 75 cents an issue
from the Superintendent of Documents,
U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, D.C. 20402. Subscription
rates are $50 per year, payable in
advance.
How does the Development Document
which supports the proposed
regulation differ from the contractors'
draft Development Document?
The document may differ from the
drafts due to modifications made by
EPA after reviewing the information
and comments received from the
internal and external review of the
draft. Modifications may concern,
particularly, assessment of
practicability or availability of
technology, and conclusions about
effluent limitations guidelines and
standards of performance for new
sources.
What is an Economic Analysis
document?
The economic document is actually
the study submitted to EPA by the
contractor. It is not an official EPA
document, but has been carefully
Draft Contractor
Reports sent to
EPA technical staff
Industry associa-
tions
Professional organi-
zations
Government agencies
Public interest
groups
ES&WQIAC
Economic analysis
begins
Development of Pro-
posed Effluent Limi-
tations, Guidelines
and Standards
Economic analysis
completed and
reviewed
Comments from
industry and public
analyzed
Informal meetings
with industry to
clarify comments
Development docu-
ment revised as
appropriate
Final development
of Effluent Limita-
tions Guidelines
and Standards
Comments from
industry and public
analyzed
Informal meetings
with industry to
clarify comments
Final review by
other Federal
agencies
Effluent Limitations
Promulgation of
final Guidelines
and Standards
Preamble summa-
rizes all comments
Preamble explains
EPA action on com-
ments; Notes
changes from pro-
posed regulation
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reviewed by the agency. It receives the
same consideration as the Development
Document before and during the
proposed rule making process.
Are the economic and technical
documents available to the public?
Yes. The reports are routinely sent to
the internal and external reviewers and
anyone else who has requested to be
added to the mailing list for specific
proposed reports. EPA will mail copies
to others upon request.
To be included in the mailings, write
to Distribution Officer, Effluent
Guidelines Division (WH-552), EPA,
Washington, D.C. 20460. Please
indicate the specific documents
(economic or development) you want
by industrial category. EPA will send
these as soon as the reports are
available.
After the guidelines and standards
are promulgated in the Federal
Register, final economic and
development documents will be
published.
How does EPA solicit comments
from the public?
To meet deadlines in the Act and
terms of a court order, the notices of
proposed rule-making ask that formal
public comments be submitted within 30
days of publication in the Federal
Register. People on the mailing list
receive copies of the development and
economic documents supporting the
proposed regulations. These
documents reflect EPA's judgment as
to what are the best, workable
regulations. However, the documents
are based in large part upon the initial
draft reports of the contractors.
The comment period is short, but the
requirements of a court order issued by
the District Court for the District of
Columbia compel EPA to develop final
regulations as expeditiously as possible.
However, all information or comments,
including, whenever possible, material
received after the deadline, are
considered by the Agency and may be
the basis for appropriate amendments
to promulgated regulations.
What kind of comments does EPA
especially invite?
In addition to soliciting specific
comments on the development and
economic documents EPA also seeks
data and guidance on how to resolve
problems identified by the reviewer. For
instance, comments that the Agency
is acting on inadequate data should
include, where possible, any additional
appropriate data and should indicate
how such data pertain to the
development of the regulations. If
comments question the approach taken
in establishing an effluent limitation
guideline or standard of performance,
EPA solicits suggestions as to what
alternative approach should be taken.
Comments on the economic and
technical reports, and their
recommended guidelines and standards,
bring a variety of issues to the Agency's
attention prior to the publication of
notices of proposed rule-making. Issues
identified in this manner can be
discussed and their resolutions
explained in the notices of proposed
rule-making. Unresolved issues are
also specified in the notices.
How should comments be submitted?
Comments should be submitted in
triplicate to the Distribution Officer,
Effluent Guidelines Division
(WH-552), EPA, Washington, D.C.
20460.
All comments received before or
after publication of the notices of
proposed rule-making are available for
inspection and copying at EPA's
Public Information Reference Unit.
Which regulations have been
promulgated?
Regulations for all 28 of the Group
I, Phase I, industrial segments and 17
of the 19 Group I, Phase II, industries
were promulgated by December 31,
1975. Regulations for the remaining
Group I, as well as the Group II
categories, were to be promulgated
in 1976.
8
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Following is information on which
regulations have been proposed or
promulgated for the various industries.
Where can final economic documents
. be obtained?
Final economic reports are
distributed in both paper copy and
- microfiche by the National Technical
Information Service (NTIS), Spring-
field, Virginia 22151.
Table 5 lists the economic reports
presently available through NTIS.
Where can final development
documents be obtained?
Final development documents are
submitted for printing at the time
promulgated regulations appear in the
Federal Register. They are usually
available 10-12 weeks later from the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S.
Government Printing Office,
Washington, D.C. 20402 (cite the
industrial category, segment name,
GPO stock number, and GPO catalog
number when ordering).
The final documents will subsequently
be available from NTIS, in both paper
copy and microfiche (specify the
industry, segment, NTIS accession
number and the format desired). See
Table 6 for a list of development
documents currently available through
GPO and NTIS.
NOTE: The contractors' reports,
proposed development and economic
documents, and final development
documents are available for review
in the EPA Regional Office libraries
listed on page 7.
Table 3 Group I
Group I
Industry
Asbestos
Builders Paper
Cement
Dairy
Electroplating
Feedlots
Ferroalloy
Fertilizers
Fruits & Vegetables
Glass
Glass — Fiberglass
Grain
Inorganics
Iron & Steel
Leather
Meat
Meat — Poultry
(Phase II only)
Nonferrous
Organics
Petroleum
Phosphates
Plastics & Synthetics
Pulp & Paper
Rubber
Seafood
Soap & Detergent
Steam Electric
Sugar — Beet
Sugar — Cane
Textiles
Timber
•Will have a Phase II segment
Phase
Vol. & No. of
Federal Register
Vol. 39, #39
Vol. 39, *91
Vol. 39, #35
Vol. 39, -103
Vol. 39, #61
Vol. 39, *32
Vol. 39, -37
Vol. 39, #68
Vol. 39, #56
Vol. 39, #32
Vol. 39, #15
Vol. 39, #55
Vol. 39, #49
Vol. 39, #126
Vol. 39, #69
Vol. 39, *41
Vol. 39, *68
Vol. 39, #81
Vol. 39, #91
Vol. 39, #35
Vol. 39, #67
Vol. 39, #104
Vol. 39, #36
Vol. 39, -124
Vol. 39, "72
Vol. 39, "196
Vol. 39, #22
Vol. 39, #55
Vol. 39, #130
Vol. 39, #76
**Denotes interim fina
i
Date
Promulgated
2/26/74
5/9/74
2/20/74
5/28/74
3/28/74
2/14/74
2/22/74
4/8/74
3/21/74
2/14/74
1/22/74
3/20/74
3/12/74
6/28/74
4/9/74
2/28/74
4/8/74
4/25/74
5/9/74
2/20/74
4/5/74
5/29/74
2/21/74
6/26/74
4/12/74
10/8/74
1/31/74
3/20/74
7/5/74
4/18/74
il regulations
Phase
Vol. & No. of
Federal Register
Vol. 40, #6
Vol. 40, #80
Vol. 40, #37
Vol. 40, "9
Vol. 40, #204
Vol. 40, #11
Vol. 40, #2
Vol. 40, #100
*
Vol. 40, #2
*
Vol. 40, #40
Vol. 41, *2
Vol. 40, #18
Vol. 40, #16
*
Vol. 40, #7
Vol. 40, #231
Vol. 40, #40
Vol. 40, #11
II
Date
Promulgated
1/9/75
4/24/75**
2/24/75**
1/14/75
10/21/75**
1/16/75
1/3/75
5/22/75**
1/3/75
2/27/75**
1/5/76**
1/27/75**
1/23/75
1/10/75
12/1/75
2/27/75**
1/16/75
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Further Questions?
If you want additional information
on the program, wish to be placed on
the mailing list for specific proposed
background documents, or wish to
comment on the proposed regulations,
please write:
Distribution Officer
Effluent Guidelines Division
(WH-552)
EPA
Washington, D.C. 20460
For answers to questions on the
technical aspects of the program, write
to Director, Effluent Guidelines
Division at the above address. In
addition, each EPA Regional Office
has an Enforcement Division (same
addresses as libraries) which can also
answer questions concerning effluent
guidelines and permits.
Publications Available
For additional copies of this booklet
or free copies of the following, write
to:
Public Information Center (PM-215)
EPA
Washington, D.C. 20460
Federal Water Pollution Control Act
Amendment of 1972, Public Law
92-500, 92nd Congress.
The Federal Water Pollution Control
Act Amendments of 1972:
HIGHLIGHTS.
A Citizen's Guide to Clean Water:
Good introduction to the problem and
what can be done to solve it, including
citizen action.
First Things First—A Strategy
Against Water Pollution: General
pamphlet outlining EPA's strategy for
combating water pollution.
Areawide Waste Treatment
Management Planning: General
pamphlet on an EPA program which
calls upon local governments in a
particular planning area to work
together to find and implement
solutions to their common water
quality 'management problems.
Please write to the Water Planning
Division (WH-454), EPA, Washington,
D.C. 20460 for:
Water Quality Strategy Paper: EPA's
detailed strategy for combating
pollution where it is most serious and
for preventing clean water from
becoming polluted.
Guidelines for Areawide Waste
Treatment Management: Describes the
essentials of public participation in
areawide waste treatment management
planning.
Write to the Superintendent of
Documents, U.S. Government Printing
Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 for:
Toward Cleaner Water: the New
Permit Program to Control Water
Pollution: (GPO Stock No. 1973
546-312/140), cost: 50 cents.
10
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Table 4 Group 11
Group II Vol. & No. of
Industry Federal Register
Furniture (timber) Vol. 40, *106
Paint & Ink Formulating Vol. 40, *145
Paving & Roofing Materials Vol. 40, *143
Oil & Gas Extraction Vol. 40, *179**
Mineral Mining Vol. 40, *201**
Coal Mining Vol. 40, *202**
Ore Mining Vol. 40, *215**
••Denotes interim final regulations
Table 5 Group I, Phase I Economic Reports
NTIS
Industry Segment Accession No.
Asbestos
Builders Paper
Cement PB-234442/AS
Dairy
Electroplating Copper, Nickel,
Chrome & Zinc PB-23 6595 / AS
Feedlots
Ferroalloy Smelting & Slag PB-234045/AS
Fertilizer
Fruits &
Vegetables Apple, Citrus & PB-240195/AS
Potato Processing
Glass Fiberglass
Flat Glass PB-234845/AS
Grain Grain Processing PB-240196/AS
Inorganics Major Inorganic
Products PB-234457/AS
Leather
Meat
Nonferrous Bauxite, Primary
Aluminum Smelting
Secondary Alum-
inum Smelting PB-239161/AS
Organics
Petroleum
Phosphates
Plastics &
Synthetics
Pulp & Paper &
Builders Paper
Rubber Tire & Synthetic PB-23 569 1/ AS
Seafood Catfish, Crab,
Shrimp, Tuna PB-234214/AS
Soap & Detergent
Steam Electric PB-239315/AS
Sugar Beet Sugar
Cane Sugar
Textiles
Timber
Date
Promulgated
6/2/75
7/28/75
7/24/75
9/15/75
10/16/75
10/17/75
11/6/75
Papercopy Microfiche
$4.00
$6.00
$4.50
$7.50
$3.75
$7.00
$5.00
$6.25
$3.75
$4.75
$9.50
$1.45
$2.25
$1.45
$2.25
$1.45
$2.25
$1.45
$2.25
$2.25
$1.45
$2.25
Available
After
5/75
5/75
6/75
5/75
5/75
5/75
5/75
5/75
5/75
5/75
5/75
5/75
5/75
5/75
5/75
5/75
5/75
5/75
11
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Table 6 Group I, Phase I Development Documents
Category
Segment Name
EPA Report Number
Asbestos Manufacturing
Builders Paper & Board Mills
Canned & Preserved
Fruits & Veg. Processing
Canned & Preserved Seafood
Processing
Cement Manufacturing
Dairy Product Processing
Electroplating
Feedlots
Ferroalloy Manufacturing
Fertilizer Manufacturing
Glass Manufacturing
Grain Mills
Inorganic Chemicals Manuf.
Iron & Steel Manufacturing
Leather Tanning & Finishing
Meat Product
& Rendering Processing
Nonferrous Metals Manuf.
Organic Chemicals Manuf.
Petroleum Refining
Phosphate Manufacturing
Plastics & Synthetic Materials
Pulp, Paper & Paperboard Mills
Rubber Processing
Soap & Detergent Manuf.
Steam Electric Powerplants
Sugar Processing
Textile Mills
Timber Products Processing
Building Construction
& Paper
Builders Paper &
Roofing Felt
Citrus, Apple & Potatoes
Catfish, Crab, Shrimp
&Tuna
Cement Manufacturing
Dairy Product Processing
Copper, Nickel, Chrome
&Zinc
Feedlots
Smelting & Slag Processing
Basic Fertilizer Chem's
Insulation Fiberglass
Flat Glass
Grain Processing
Major Inorganic Prod's
Steel Making
Leather Tanning & Finishing
Red Meat Processing
Bauxite Refining
Primary Aluminum Smelt.
Secondary Alum. Smelt.
Major Organic Products
Petroleum Refining
Phosphorous Derived
Chemicals
Synthetic Resins
Unbleached Kraft &
Semichemical Pulp
Tire & Synthetic
Soap & Detergent Manuf.
Steam Electric Power Plants
Beet Sugar
Cane Sugar Refining
Textile Mills
Plywood, Hardbpard &
Wood Preserving
EPA-440/1-74-017-S
EPA-440/l-74-026-a
EPA-440/l-74-027-a
EPA-440/1-74-020-S
EPA-440/l-74-005-a
EPA-440/l-74-021-a
EPA-440/1-74-003-2
EPA-440/1
EPA-440/1
EPA-440/1
EPA-440/1
EPA-440/1
EPA-440/1
EPA-440/1
EPA-440/1
EPA-440/1
EPA-440/1
•74-004-a
•74-008-s
•74-011-a
-74-001-]
•74-001-c
•74-028-2
•74-007-2
74-024-2
•74-016-E
•74-012-2
EPA-440/1-74-019-<
EPA-440/1-74-019-c
EPA-440/l-74-019-<
EPA-440/1-74-009-2
EPA-440/1-74-014-2
EPA-440/1-74-006-E
EPA-440/1-74-010-2
EPA-440/1-74-025-E
EPA-440/1-74-013-Z
EPA-440/1-74-018-E
EPA-440/1-74-029-J
EPA-440/1-74-002-t
EPA-440/1-74-002-1
EPA-440/1-74-022-;
EPA-440/1-74-023-i
June 1976
The reader is free to quote or reproduce any part of this publication without further permission.
12
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Price & GPO Stock
Number
fr
$1.70
$1.75
$2.45
$4.50
$1.60
$2.05
$2.40
$3.25
$2.10
$2.00
El. 50
fl.65
51.75
>3.60
10.30
11.95
12.20
1.45
1.80
1.70
3.60
2.75
1.90
J.65
S.45
!.25
:.35
.90
.00
.10
.65
.30
5501-00827
5501-00909
5501-00790
5501-00920
5501-00866
5501-00898
5501-00816
5501-00842
5501-00780
5501-00868
5501-00781
5501-00814
5501-00844
5502-00121
5501-00906
5501-00818
5501-00843
5500-00118
5501-00817
5501-00819
5501-00812
5501-00912
5503-00078
5501-00815
5501-00910
5501-00885
5501-00867
055-001-01001
5500-00117
5501-00826
5501-00903
5501-00853
GPO Catalog
Order Number
Number
EP1.8/3:B86
EP1.8/3:B86/2
EP1.8/3:AP5
EP1.8/3:C28
EP1.8/3-.C33
EP1.8/3:D14
EP1.8/3:C79
EP1.8/3:F32
EP1.8/3:SM3
EP1.8/3:F41
EP1.8/3:IN7
EP1.8/3:G46
EP1.8/3:G76
EP1.8/3:IN7/2
EP1.8/3:ST3
EP1.8/3:L48
EP1.8/3-.M46
EP1.8/3:B32
EP1.8/3:AL8
EP1.8/3.-AL8/2
EP1.8/3:OR3
EP1.8/3:P44
EP1.8/3:P56
EP1.8/3.-R31
EP1.8/3-.P96
EP1.8/3:T51
EP1.8/3:SO1
EP1.8/3-.ST3/2
EP1.8/3:B39
EP1.8/3-.C16
EP1.8/3:T29
EP1.8/3:P74
NTIS
Accession
Number
PB-238320/AS
PB-238076/AS
PB-238649/AS
PB-238614/AS
PB-238610/AS
PB-238835/AS
PB-238834/AS
PB-238651/AS
PB-238651/AS
PB-238652/AS
PB-238078/AS
PB-238316/AS
PB-238611/AS
PB-238837/AS
PB-238648/AS
PB-238836/AS
PB-238463/AS
PB-238464/AS
PB-241905/AS
PB-238612/AS
PB-241018/AS
PB-239241/AS
PB-238833/AS
PB-238609/AS
PB-288613/AS
PB-240853/AS
PB-238462/AS
PB-238147/AS
PB-238832/AS
PB-240811/AS
NTIS
Price
Paper Micro
$5.75
$4.95
$7.50
$3.60
$4.55
$4.90
$5.75
$4.60
$4.00
$3.50
$3.75
$6.10
$24.80
$3.95
$4.70
$3.45
$3.70
$10.25
$5.25
$6.25
$5.15
$5.95
$4.75
$4.85
$19.25
$4.00
$5.15
$9.50
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
$2.25
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D.C. 20402
13
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OFFICE OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS (A-107)
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460
OFFICIAL BUSINESS
PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE $300
POSTAGE AND FEES PAID
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
EPA-335
THIRD CLASS BULK RATE
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