A Citizen's Guide
To Radon
The Guide To Protecting
Yourself And Your Family
From Radon


                 Printed on Recycled Paper (50% Post-Consumer Content)
                       www.epa.gov/radon/pubs/citguide.html

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         Radon is
        estimated
         to cause
     thousands of
      lung cancer
     deaths in the
   U.S. each year.
                     A Citizen's Guide to Radon
                    EPA  Recommends:

                         Test your home for radon—if's easy and
                         inexpensive.

                         Fix your home if your radon level is
                         4 picocuries per liter (pd'/L) or higher.

                         Radon levels less than 4 pd'/L still pose a
                         risk, and in many cases may be reduced.
30,000
                        deaths
                        per year
                        10,000
                                21,000
                                                    8,000
                                                           2,800
                                RADON*  Drunk  Falls in  Brownings  Home
                                       Driving  the Home         Fires
                               to EPffs 2003 Assessment of Kisks from Radon in Homes (EPA 402-R-03-003). The
                               numbers of deaths from other causes are taken from the Centers for Disease
                               Control and Prevention's 1333-2001 National Center for Injury Prevention and
                               Control Report and 2002 National Safety Council Reports.
2 U.S. EPA 402-K-07-009, Revised May 2007

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Ration is  a  cancer-causing, radioactive  gas.
You can't see radon.  And you can't smell it or taste it.  But it may be a
problem in your home.
  Radon is estimated to cause many thousands of deaths each year. That's
because when you breathe air containing radon, you can get lung cancer.  In
fact, the Surgeon General has warned that radon is the second leading cause
of lung cancer in the United States today.  Only smoking causes more lung
cancer deaths.  If you smoke and your home has high radon levels, your
risk of lung cancer is especially high.


Ration can He found all over  the  U.S.
Radon comes from the natural (radioactive) breakdown of uranium in soil,
rock and water and gets into the air you breathe. Radon can be found all
over the U.S. It can get into any type of building—homes, offices, and
schools —and result in a high indoor radon level. But you and your family
are most likely to get your greatest exposure at home, where you spend most
of your time.


You shoulti test for ration.
Testing is the only way to know if you and your family are at risk from
radon. EPA and the Surgeon General recommend testing all homes below
the third floor for radon. EPA also recommends testing in schools.
  Testing is inexpensive and easy—it should  only take a few minutes of your
time.  Millions of Americans have already tested their homes for radon (see
page 5).


You  can fix a ration problem.
Radon reduction systems work and they are not too costly. Some radon
reduction systems can reduce radon levels in  your home by up to 99%. Even
very high levels can be reduced to acceptable levels.


New homes  can he hunt wtth ration-resistant features.
Radon-resistant construction techniques can be effective in preventing radon
entry. When installed properly and completely, these simple and inexpensive
techniques can help reduce indoor radon levels in homes. In addition,
installing them at the time of construction makes it easier and less expensive
to reduce radon levels further if these passive techniques don't reduce radon
levels to below 4 pCi/L.  Every new home should be tested after occupancy,
even if it was built radon-resistant. If radon levels are still in excess of 4
pCi/L, the passive system should be activated by having  a qualified mitigator
install a vent fan. For more explanation of radon resistant construction
techniques, refer to EPA publication, Building Radon Out: A Step-by-Step Guide
on How to Build Radon-Resistant Homes (see page 15).
                                                  U.S. EPA402-K-07-009, Revised May 2007

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    Any home may
      have a radon
           problem.
RADON GETS IN THROUGH:

1. Cracks in solid floors.

2. Construction joints.

3. Cracks in walls.

4. Gaps in
  suspended floors.

5. Gaps around
  service pipes.

6. Cavities inside walls.

7. The water supply.
                           A Citizen's Guide to Radon
HOW DOES  RADON GET INTO YOUR HOME?

Radon is a radioactive gas.  It comes from the natural decay of uranium
that is found in nearly all soils. It typically moves up through the ground
to the air above and into your home through cracks and other holes in the
foundation.  Your home traps radon inside, where it can build up. Any
home may have a radon problem. This means new and old homes, well-
sealed and drafty homes, and homes with or without basements.
  Radon from soil gas is the main cause of radon problems. Sometimes
radon enters the home through well water (see page 8). In a small number
of homes, the building materials can give off radon, too. However, building
materials rarely cause radon problems by themselves.
                          Nearly 1 out of every 15 homes in the U.S. is estimated to have elevated
                        radon levels.  Elevated levels of radon gas have been found in homes in your
                        state. Contact your state radon office (see back cover) for general
                        information about radon in your area. While radon problems may be
                        more common in some areas, any home may have a problem. The only
                        way to know about your home is to test.
                          Radon can also be a problem in schools and workplaces.  Ask your state
                        radon office (see back cover) about radon problems in schools, daycare and
                        childcare facilities, and workplaces in your area (also visit www.epa.gov/
                        radon).
  4  U.S. EPA 402-K-07-009, Revised May 2007

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HOW TO TEST YOUR HOME
You can't see radon, but it's not hard to find out if you have a radon
problem in your home.  All you need to do is test for radon.  Testing is easy
and should only take a few minutes of your time.
  The amount of radon in the air is measured in "picocuries per liter of
air/' or "pCi/L." Sometimes test results are expressed in Working Levels
(WL) rather than picocuries per liter (pCi/L) (4 pCi/L equals 0.016 WL).
There are many kinds of low-cost "do it yourself" radon test kits you can
get through the mail and in some hardware stores and other retail outlets.
If you prefer, or if you are buying or selling a home, you can hire a qualified
tester to do the testing for you.  You should first contact your state radon
office about obtaining a list of qualified testers.  You can also contact a
private radon proficiency program for lists of privately certified radon
professionals serving your area.  For links and more information, visit
www.epa.gov/radon/proficiency.html.

There are Two General Ways  to Test for Radon:

SHORT-TERM TESTING:
The quickest way to test is with short-term tests. Short-term tests remain in your
home for two days to SO days, depending on the device.  "Charcoal canisters/' "alpha
track/' "electret ion chamber," "continuous monitors/'and "charcoalliquid
scintillation" detectors are most commonly used for short-term testing. Because
radon levels tend to vary from day to day and season to season, a short-term test is
less likely than a long-term test to tell you your year-round average radon level. If you
need results quickly, however, a short-term test followed hy a second short-term test
may he used to decide whether to fix your home (see also page 7 under Home Sales).
Testing is easy
and should only
take a few
minutes of
your time.
LONG-TERM TESTING:
Long-term tests remain in your home for more than 90 days.  "Alpha track" and
"electret" detectors are commonly used for this type of testing. A long-term test will
give you a reading that is more likely to tell you your home's year-round average radon
level than a short-term test.

How To Use a Test Kit:
Follow the instructions that come with your test kit. If you are doing a
short-term test, close your windows and outside doors and keep them
closed as much as possible during the test. Heating and air conditioning
system fans that re-circulate air may be operated.  Do not operate fans or
other machines which bring in air from outside. Fans that are part of a
radon-reduction system or small exhaust fans operating only for short
periods of time may run during the  test. If you are doing a short-term test
lasting just 2  or 3 days, be sure to close your windows and outside doors at
least 12 hours before beginning the  test, too. You should not conduct
                                                    U.S. EPA402-K-07-009, Revised May 2007

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                          A Citizen's Guide to Radon
short-term tests lasting just 2 or 3 days during unusually severe storms or periods of
unusually high winds. The test kit should be placed in the lowest lived-in level of the
home (for example, the basement if it is frequently used, otherwise the first floor). It
should be put in a room that is used regularly (like a living room, playroom, den, or
bedroom) but not your kitchen or bathroom. Place the kit at least 20 inches above the
floor in a location where it won't be disturbed —away from drafts, high heat, high
humidity, and exterior walls. Leave the kit in place for as long as the package says.  Once
you've finished the test, reseal the package and send it to the lab specified on the package
right away for analysis. You should receive your test results within a few weeks.

EPA Recommends the Following Testing Steps:


Step 1. Take a short-term test.  If your result is 4 pCi/L or higher, take a follow-
          up test (Step 2) to he sure.

Step 2. Follow up with either a long-term test or a second short-term test:

                 • For a better understanding of your year-round average
                   radon level, take a long-term test.

                 • If you need results quickly, take a second short-term test.

          The higher your initial short-term test result, the more certain you can
          be that you should take a short-term rather than a long-term follow up
          test. II your first short-term test result is more than twice EPA's 4 pd/L
          action level, you  should take a  second short-term test immediately.

Step 3. • If you followed up with a long-term test: Fix your home if your long-
            term test result is 4 pd/L or more.

          • If you followed up with a second short-term test:  The higher your
            short-term results, the more certain you can he that you should fix
            your home. Consider fixing your home if the average of your first and
            second test is 4 pd/L or higher (see also page 7 under Home Sales).

                                                                         O

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WHAT YOUR TEST RESULTS MEAN

The average indoor radon level is estimated to be about 1.3 pCi/L, and
about 0.4 pCi/L of radon is normally found in the outside air.  The U.S.           Tttct  n K fi/iim
Congress has set a long-term goal that indoor radon levels be no more           ICOI yUUl IIUIIIC
than outdoor levels. While this goal is not yet technologically achievable        ilOW diltl S3V6
in all cases, most homes today can be reduced to 2 pCi/L or below.               •«•• ••« monHo   If
   Sometimes short-term tests are less definitive about whether or not           yUUl
your home is above 4 pCi/L. This can happen when your results are close       VOU fiiiti Moh
to 4 pCi/L.  For example, if the average of your two short-term test results       ratinn latralc  fiv
is 4.1 pCi/L, there is about a 50% chance that your year-round average is         laUUII ICVClOj HA
somewhat below 4 pCi/L.  However, EPA believes that any radon exposure      VOUF hOUtB tiOfOFB
carries some risk—no level of radon is safe.  Even radon levels below 4 pCi/L    trnii /f*»/»/f*i
pose some risk, and you can reduce your risk of lung cancer by lowering        yUU   iCUlUC
your radon level.                                                              SBll it*
   If your living patterns change and you begin occupying a lower level of
your home (such as a basement) you should retest your home on that level.
   Even if your test result is below 4 pCi/L, you may want to test again
sometime in the future.
   RADON AND HOME SALES

   More and mope, home buyers ana renters are asking about radon levels before they buy or rent a home.
   Because real estate sales happen quickly, there is often little time to deal with radon and other issues. The
   best thing to do is to test for radon NOW and save the results in case the buyer is interested in them.  Fix a
   problem if it exists so it won't complicate your home sale. If you are planning to move, call your state radon
   office (see back page) for EPA's pamphlet "Home Buyer's and Seller's Guide to Radon," which addresses some
   common questions (www.epa.gov/radon/pubs/realestate.html).  You can also use the results of two short-term
   tests done side-by-side (four inches apart) to decide whether to fix your home.

   Buring home sales:

   • Buyers often ask if a home has been tested, and if elevated levels were reduced.

   • Buyers frequently want tests made by someone who is not involved in the home sale. Your state radon
   office (see back cover) can assist you in identifying a qualified tester.

   • Buyers might want to know the radon levels in areas of the home (like a basement they plan  to finish) that
   the seller might not otherwise test.

   Today many homes are built to help prevent radon from coming in.  Building codes in your state or local area
   may require these radon-resistant construction features. If you are buying or renting a new home, ask the
   owner or builder if it has radon-resistant features.  The EPA recommends building new homes with radon-
   resistant features in high radon potential (Zone 1) areas. Even if built radon-resistant, every new home should
   be tested for radon after occupancy. If you have a test result of 4 pd/L or more, you can have a qualified
   mitigator easily add a vent fan to an existing passive system for about $300 and further reduce the radon level
   in your home. For more information, refer to the EPA's Map of Badon Zones and other useful EPA documents
   on radon-resistant new construction (see publications on page 15), or visit www.epa.gov/radon.
                                                          U.S. EPA402-K-07-009, Revised May 2007

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  If you've tested
    the air in your
 home and found
a radon problem,
  and your water
    comes from a
  well, have your
     water tested.
                    A Citizen's Guide to Radon
RADON IN WATER

There are two main sources for the
radon in your home's indoor air,
the soil and the water supply.
Compared to radon entering the
home through water, radon
entering your home through the
soil is usually a much larger risk.
  The radon in your water supply
poses an inhalation risk and an
ingestion risk. Research has shown
that your risk of lung cancer from
breathing radon in air is much
larger than your risk of stomach
cancer from swallowing water with
radon in it. Most of your risk from
radon in water comes from radon
released into the air when water is used for showering and other household
purposes.
  Radon in your home's water is not usually a problem when its source is
surface water. A radon in water problem is more likely when its source is
ground water, e.g., a private well or a public water supply system that uses
ground water. If you are concerned that radon may be entering your home
through the water and your water comes from a public water supply,
contact your water supplier.
  If you've tested your private well and have a radon in water problem, it
can be fixed. Your home's water supply can be treated in two ways. Point-
of-entry treatment can effectively remove radon from the water before it
enters your home.  Point-of-use treatment devices remove radon from your
water at the tap, but only treat a small portion of the water you use and are
not effective in reducing the risk from breathing radon released into the air
from all water used in the home.
  For more information, call EPA's
Drinking Water Hotline at (800) 426-4791
or visit www.epa.gov/
safewaterfradon.html. If
your water comes from
a private well, you can
also contact your
state radon office.

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HOW TO  LOWER THE RADON LEVEL

IN YOUR HOME

Since there is no known safe level of radon, there can always be some
risk. But the risk can be reduced by lowering the radon level in your
home.
  There are several proven methods to reduce radon in your home, but the
one primarily used is a vent pipe system and fan, which pulls radon from
beneath the house and vents it to the outside.  This system, known as a soil
suction radon reduction system, does not require major changes to your
home. Sealing foundation cracks and other openings makes this kind of
system more effective and cost-efficient. Similar systems can also be
installed in houses with crawl spaces. Radon  contractors can use other
methods that may also work in your home. The right system depends on
the design of your home and other factors.
  Ways to reduce radon in your home are discussed in EPA's Consumer's
Guide to Radon Reduction. You can get a  copy from your state radon office,
or view it online at www.epa.gov/radon/pubs.
  The cost of reducing radon in your home depends on how your home
was built and the extent of the radon problem. Most homes can be fixed for
about the same cost as other common home repairs.  The average house
costs about $1,200 for a contractor to fix, although this can range from about
$800 to about $2,500. The cost is much less if a passive system was installed
during construction.
RADON AND HOME
RENOVATIONS

II you are planning
any major structural
renovation, such as
converting an unfin-
ished basement area
into living space, it is
especially important to
test the area for ration
he fore you hegin the
renovation. If your
test results indicate a
ration prohlem, ration-
resistant techniques
can he inexpensively
included as part of the
renovation.  Because
major renovations can
change the level of
radon in any home,
always test again after
work is completed.

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                           A Citizen's Guide to Radon
Most homes can
       be fixed for
  about the same
     cost as other
   common home
            repairs.
   Lowering high radon levels requires technical knowledge and special
skills.  You should use a contractor who is trained to fix radon problems. A
qualified contractor can study the radon problem in your home and help
you pick the right treatment method.
   Check with your state radon office for names of qualified or state certi-
fied radon contractors in your area. You can also contact private radon
proficiency programs for lists of privately certified radon professionals in
your area.  For more information on private radon proficiency programs,
visit www.epa.gov/radon/proficiency.html. Picking someone to fix your radon
problem is much like choosing a contractor for other home repairs—you
may want to get references and more than one estimate.
   If you are considering fixing your home's radon problem yourself, you should
first contact your state radon office for guidance and assistance.
   You should also test your home again after it is fixed to be sure that
radon levels have been reduced. Most soil suction radon reduction systems
include a
monitor that will
indicate whether
the system is
operating
properly.  In
addition, it's a
good idea to
retest your home
every two years
to be sure radon
levels remain
low.
10  U.S. EPA 402-K-07-009, Revised May 2007
                                                  Note: This diagram is a composite view of several mitigation options.
                                                  The typical mitigation system usually has only one pipe penetration
                                                  through the basement floor; the pipe may also oe installed on the
                                                  outside of the house.

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THE RISK OF LIVING WITH  RADON
Radon gas decays into radioactive particles that can get trapped in
your lungs when you breathe. As they break down further, these
particles release small bursts of energy. This can damage lung tis-
sue and lead to lung cancer over the course of your lifetime.  Not
everyone exposed to elevated levels of radon will develop lung cancer.
And the amount of time between exposure and the onset of the disease
may be many years.
  Like other environmental pollutants, there is some uncertainty about
the magnitude of radon health risks. However, we know more about
radon risks than risks from most other cancer-causing substances. This
is because estimates of radon risks are based on studies of cancer in
humans (underground miners).
  Smoking combined with radon is an especially serious health risk.
Stop smoking and lower your radon level to reduce your lung cancer
risk.
  Children have been reported to have greater risk than adults of
certain types of cancer from radiation, but there are currently no
conclusive data on whether children are at greater risk than adults
from radon.

Your chances of getting lung cancer from ration depend mostly on:

• How much radon is in your home
• The amount of time you spend in
  your home

• Whether you are a smoker or have
  oversmoked
Scientists are
more certain
about radon risks
than risks from
most other
cancer-causing
substances.
                                                     U.S. EPA 402-K-07-009, Revised May 2007   11

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                      A Citizen's Guide to Radon
                    RADON RISK  IF YOU SMOKE
    It's never too
   late to reduce
your risk of lung
   cancer.  Don't
 wait to test and
      fix a radon
 problem. If you
   are a smoker,
   stop smoking.
Ration
Level
20pCi/L
WpCi/L
8pCi/L
4pCI/L
2pCI/L
1.3pCi/L
0.4pCi/L
If 1,000 people who
smoked were exposed
to this level over a
lifetime*. . .
About 260 people
could get lung cancer
About 150 people
could get lung cancer
About 120 people
could get lung cancer
About 62 people
could get lung cancer
About 32 people
could get lung cancer
About 20 people
could get lung cancer
The risk of cancer from
radon exposure compares to**. . .
< 250 times the risk
of drowning
< 200 times the risk of
dying in a home fire
< 30 times the risk of
dying In a fall
< 5 times the risk of dying
In a car crash
4 6 times the risk of dying
from poison
(Average indoor radon level)
(Average outdoor radon level)
WHAT TO DO:
Stop Smoking and. . .
Fix your home
Fix your home
Fix your home
Fix your home
Consider fixing
between 2 and 4 pCi/L
(Reducing
radon levels
below
2pCI/Lis
difficult)
Note: If you are a former smoker, your risk may be lower.
RADON  RISK IF YOU'VE  NEVER SMOKED
Radon
Level
20pCi/L
WpCI/L
8pCI/L
4pCi/L
2pCi/L
1.3pCI/L
0.4pCI/L
If 1,000 people who
never smoked were
exposed to this level
over a lifetime*. ..
About 36 people
could get lung cancer
About 18 people
could get lung cancer
About 15 people
could get lung cancer
About 7 people
could get lung cancer
About 4 people
could get lung cancer
About 2 people
could get lung cancer
The risk of cancer from
radon exposure compares to**. . .
< 35 times the risk
of drowning
4 20 times the risk of dying
In a home fire
< 4 times the risk of
dying in a fall
< The risk of dying in a
car crash
4 The risk of dying
from poison
(Average Indoor radon level)
(Average outdoor radon level)
WHAT TO DO:
Fix your home
Fix your home
Fix your home
Fix your home
Consider fixing
between 2 and 4 pCi/L
(Reducing
radon levels
below
2pCI/Lls
difficult)
                    Note: If you are a former smoker, your risk may be higher.
                    *lifedme risk of lung cancer deaths from m Assessment et Risks Inm Radon la Homes (B>A 402-R-03-003).
                    ••Comparison data calculated using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's 1999-2001 National Center for Injury Prevention and Control Reports.
12  U.S. EPA 402-K-07-009, Revised May 2007

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         RADON
         MYTHS
       MYTH: Scientists
       aren't sure radon
FACT:  Although some scientists dispute the precise number of
       deaths due to radon, all major health organizations (like the
       Centers for Disease Control, the American Lung Association
       and the American Medical Association) agree with estimates
       that radon causes thousands of preventable lung cancer
       deaths every year. This is especially true among smokers,
       since the risk to smokers is much greater than to non-
       smokers.
  MYTH: Ration testing is
          difficult, time
         consuming and
            expensive.
FACT:  Radon testing is easy. You can test your home yourself or
       hire a qualified radon test company. Either approach takes
       only a small amount of time and effort.
MYTH: Ration test kits are
      not reliable and are
         difficult to find.
FACT:  Reliable test kits are available from qualified radon testers
       and companies. Reliable testing devices are also available
       by phone or mail-order, and can be purchased in hardware
       stores and other retail outlets. Call your state radon office
       (see back cover or visit www.epa.gov/radon) for help in
       identifying radon testing companies.
     MYTH:  Homes with
          can't be fixed.
FACT:   There are simple solutions to radon problems in homes.
        Hundreds of thousands of homeowners have already fixed
        radon problems in their homes.  Radon levels can be readily
        lowered for about $800 to $2,500 (with an average cost of
        $1,200). Call your state radon office (see back cover) for
        help in identifying qualified mitigation contractors.
MYTH: Radon only affects
   certain kinds of homes.
FACT:  House construction can affect radon levels.  However, radon
       can be a problem in homes of all types: old homes, new
       homes, drafty homes, insulated homes, homes with
       basements, homes without basements. Local geology,
       construction materials, and how the home was built are
       among the factors that can affect radon levels in homes.
                                                       U.S. EPA 402-K-07-009, Revised May 2007    13

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       RADON
       MYTHS
                            A Citizen's Guide to Radon
    MYTH: Radon is only a
        problem in certain
      parts of the country
FACT:   High radon levels have been found in every state.  Radon
        problems do vary from area to area, but the only way to
        know your radon level is to test.
      MYTH: A neighbor's
       test result is a good
  indication ol whether your
     home has a problem.
FACT:   It's not. Radon levels can vary greatly from home to home.
        The only way to know if your home has a radon problem is
        to test it.
        MYTH: Everyone
         should test their
         water lor radon.
FACT:   Although radon gets into some homes through water, it is
        important to first test the air in the home for radon. If your
        water comes from a public water system that uses ground
        water, call your water supplier. If high radon levels are
        found and the home has a private well, call the Safe Drinking
        Water Hotline at (800) 426-4791 for information on testing
        your water.
  MYTH: It's difficult to sell
      homes where radon
      problems have been
             discovered.
FACT:   Where radon problems have been fixed, home sales have
        not been blocked or frustrated.  The added protection is
        sometimes a good selling point.
    MYTH: I've lived in my
       home for so long, it
      doesn't make sense
       to take action now.
FACT:   You will reduce your risk of lung cancer when you reduce
        radon levels, even if you've lived with a radon problem for a
        long time.
   MYTH: Short-term tests
         can't be used for
        making a decision
      about whether to fix
             your home.
FACT:   A short-term test followed by a second short-term test* can
        be used to decide whether to fix your home.  However, the
        closer the average of your two short-term tests is to 4 pd/L,
        the less certain you can be about whether your year-round
        average is above or below that level. Keep in mind that
        radon levels below 4 pCi/L still pose some risk. Radon levels
        can be reduced in most homes to 2 pd/L or below.
        *lf the ration test is part of a real estate transaction, the result of two short-term
        tests can he usetl in deciding whether to mitigate.  For more information, see EPA's
        "Home Buyer's ami Seller's Guide to Ration."
14  U.S. EPA 402-K-07-009, Revised May 2007

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       FURTHER
INFORMATION
FOR   EPA Radon Web Site
         www. epa. gov/radon
         EPA radon page includes links to
         publications, hotlines, private
         proficiency programs and more.
                        Hotlines

                        1-800-SOS-RADON (767-7236)
                        Operated by the National Safety Council
                        in partnership with EPA to order radon
                        test kits.

                        1-866-55RA06N (557-2366)
                        Operated by the National Safety Council
                        in partnership with EPA, for live help with
                        radon questions.

                        1-800-644-6333
                        Radon Fix-It Hotline, operated by the
                        National Safety council in partnership
                        with EPA for information on how to
                        mitigate your home.

                        1-866-528-3187
                        Radon Hotline in Spanish, operators can
                        be reached  9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. to assist
                        with information about radon, or ordering
                        a radon test kit.

                        1-800-426-4731
                        Safe Drinking Water Hotline, operated
                        under contract to EPA. For information
                        on testing, treament, radon in water, and
                        drinking water standards.
EPA Regional Offices
www. epa. gov/iaq/
whereyoulive.html
Check the above Web site for a
listing of your EPA regional office.

EPA Publications
Radon publications in print can be
downloaded via the EPA radon
website at www.epa.gov/radon/
pubs

Radon publications may be
ordered through the National
Service Center for Environmental
Publications (NSCEP) by calling 1-
800-490-9198, by visiting the
NSCEP website at www.epa.gov/
ncepihom, or by e-mail at
nscep@bps-lmit. com
                                                      U.S. EPA 402-K-07-009, Revised May 2007    15

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                               A Citizen's Guide to Radon
          U.S.  EPA Assessment of Risks
                 from Radon in Homes
   In June 2003, the EPA revised its risk estimates for radon
   exposure in homes. EPA estimates that about 21,000 annual
   lung cancer deaths are radon related. EPA also concluded that
   the effects of radon and cigarette smoking are synergistic, so
   that smokers are at higher risk from radon.  EPA's revised
   estimates are based on the National Academy of Sciences 1998
   BEIR VI (Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation) Report which
   concluded that radon is the second leading cause of lung
   cancer after smoking.
                                                    Surgeon  General
                                                    Health  Advisory
                                                  "Indoor radon is the second-leading
                                                  cause of lung cancer in the United
                                                     States and breathing it over
                                                   prolonged periods can present a
                                                 significant health risk to families all
                                                  over the country. It's important to
                                                  know that this threat is completely
                                                  preventable. Radon can be detected
                                                 with a simple test and fixed through
                                                 well-established venting techniques."
                                                                    January 2005
State Ration Offices (wwviLepa.gov/laq/wh8peyoullve.html)
Call your state radon office for additional help with any of your radon questions. Up-to-date information on how to contact your state radon office is
also available on EPA's Web site at www.epa.gov/iao/whereyoulive.html, or call EPA's toll free Indoor Air Quality Information Clearinghouse (IAQ INFO) at
(800) 438-4318 to obtain the current listing.

Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland (EPA Region 3)
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Local-Toll
334-206-5391
907-474-7201
602-255-4845
501-661-2301
916-449-5674
303-692-3420
860-509-7367
302-739-4731
202-535-2999
850-245-4288
404-651-5120
808-586-4700
208-332-7319
217-782-1325
317-233-7147
515-281-4928
785-296-1560
502-564-4856
225-925-7042
207-287-5676
215-814-2086
413-586-7525
517-335-8037
651-215-0909
601-987-6893
573-751-6160
Toll-Free
800-582-1866
800-478-8324

800-482-5400
800-745-7326
800-846-3986

800-464-4357

800-543-8279
800-745-0037

800-445-8647
800-325-1245
800-272-9723
800-383-5992
800-693-5343

800-256-2494
800-232-0842

800-RADON95
800-723-6642
800-798-9050
800-626-7739
866-628-9891

Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Local-Toll
406-841-5280
402-471-0594
775-687-5394 X275
603-271-4674
609-984-5425
505-827-1093
518-402-7556
919-571-4141
701-328-5188
614-644-2727
405-702-5165
503-731-4014 X664
717-783-3594
787-274-7815
401-222-2438
803-898-3893
605-773-3151
615-687-7000
512-834-6688
801-536-4250
802-865-7730
804-786-5932
360-236-3253
304-558-6772
608-267-4795
307-777-6015
Toil-Free
800-546-0483
800-334-9491

800-852-3345 X4674
800-648-0394

800-458-1158x27556

800-252-6325
800-523-4439


800-23RADON


800-768-0362
800-438-3367
800-232-1139
800-572-5548
800-458-0145
800-439-8550
800-468-0138

800-922-1255
888-569-7236
800-458-5847
Tribal Radon Program Offices
Hopi Tribe (Arizona)
Inter-Tribal Council of America
Navajo Nation
928-734-3100
602-307-1509
928-871-7672
                                             This document was prepared by the  United States Environmental Protection Agency,
                                                     Indoor Environments Division (6609J), Washington, D.C. 20460
                                                            U.S. EPA 402-K-07-009, Revised May 2007

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