ESTUARY
PROGRAM

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THE  NATIONAL ESTUARY PROGRAM

 The EPA National  Estuary  Program (NEP) is a  unique  and voluntary program
 established in 1987 under the Clean Water Act Amendments (CWA).  A successful
 ecosystem-based management program, it works to restore and maintain the water
 quality and ecological integrity of estuaries of national significance.

 To achieve these goals, NEPs involve community members and other key partners to
 develop and implement a management plan. Citizens are fully engaged throughout
 this process to  ensure that local  needs are addressed in this  Comprehensive
 Conservation and Management Plan (CCMP).  The CCMP contains specific actions
 to apply CWA programs in a way that fully supports these local priorities.

 The 28 NEPs across the country have demonstrated an impressive ability to secure
 and leverage funds, protect and restore coastal habitats,  and  broaden  public
 understanding of estuaries.  NEPs have  also made substantial gains in identifying
 environmental challenges and tackling complex water quality and ecosystem issues.

 The NEP looks  broadly  across the watershed  and  recognizes  the  connection
 between  upstream sources of pollution and  downstream  impacts.  It offers an
 effective  means  of  securing   commitments  necessary  to  achieve  tangible
 environmental results.
THE  NEP APPROACH

WHAT IS AN NEP?
Each NEP consists of a collection of stakeholders, organized in a decision-making framework that
facilitates collaboration, consensus-building, and public input. NEP stakeholders typically include
representatives from Federal, state and local governments, nonprofit organizations, affected
business and industries, academia, and the general public. EPA is a participant and provides
management guidance, along with financial and technical assistance. Together the group works
to articulate common goals and take action to address a wide range of issues in their CCMP.

NEPs are guided by a director and staff that are housed in a program office located within the
estuarine watershed. NEPs work to improve the health of their estuary - its waters, habitats,
and living resources within a particular geographic boundary encompassing the estuary and
surrounding environments.

WHAT IS THE NEP APPROACH?
•  Establish a governance structure
•  Involve community stakeholders as equal partners
•  Engage the public throughout the decision-making process
•  Collaborate to identify problems and solutions
•  Build on water quality control measures and tailor them to specific places
•  Set measurable goals and objectives and monitor effectiveness of actions - adjust if necessary
•  Develop and implement a Comprehensive Conservation Management Plan (CCMP)

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WHAT MAKES THE NEP SUCCESSFUL?
•   Environmental issues transcend political jurisdictions so NEPs are defined by watershed  or  ecosystem
    boundaries.

•   The NEP governance structure provides a neutral forum to bring together a diverse set of stakeholders and
    create a level decision-making process.

•   NEPs seek to fully engage citizens throughout the decision-making and problem-solving process,

•   NEP stakeholders work through a consensus-building process to identify CCMP goals, objectives, and actions
    that reflect their local priorities and interests.

•   NEPs seek to ensure that decisions are based on sound science and actions are implemented using adaptive
    management strategies.

•   NEPs produce periodic assessments of conditions in their estuarine ecosystems that are shared with policy
    makers and the public.

•   NEPs have developed and applied innovative and adaptive  approaches that effectively address habitat and
    water quality-related challenges.

•   NEP stakeholders' actions and long-term commitment have produced tangible environmental results.

•   NEPs share their  lessons learned through effective outreach and education efforts.
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                                                                                                                                          nservation Associ;

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A  CREDIBLE  BLUEPRIN i
Integrating common EPA goals: a snapshot of the NEP approach
The National Estuary Program (NEP) is a collaborative, effective, efficient, and
adaptable coastal ecosystem-based nelwork. With over 20 years' experience
implementing key provisions of the Clean Water Act, the NEP is the nation's
principal watershed program—one that  offers a viable, effective method of
protecting and managing all types of  watershed environments,  including
non-coastal areas.

The NEP decision-making structure and long-term approach build cooperative
relationships that facilitate trust among participants. This creates ownership of
CCMP actions developed by those community members who play a role in
implementing tiiem.


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COLLABORATIVE

NEPs are a catalyst to bring together citizens, affected businesses and industry,
nonprofit groups, different levels of government, and varied government agencies
that may not have worked together cooperatively in the past. A consensus-building
process is used by NEP participants to collectively design and create a CCMP
that represents their diverse perspectives and interests. This close  collaboration
generates long-term support and commitment on their part to then implement actions
in the CCMP. The participation and involvement of all NEP stakeholders throughout the
CCMP development and implementation process is critical to the program's success.

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EFFECTIVE

NEPs and their partners  have protected and restored over 1
million acres of habitat since 2000. The habitat efforts carried out
by the NEPs, their partners, and many volunteers have yielded
measurable  environmental results.  These projects not only
improve the coastal habitats directly, but the water quality in
these estuaries, rivers,  streams, and wetlands as well, thereby
benefiting the living resources that are found in or use these vital
places.

For example, NEPs work to enhance riparian areas, thus reducing
pollution entering rivers and streams that would adversely impact
fish and other aquatic life.  NEPs  also conduct projects  to
restore tidal flow to wetlands,  enabling them to better capture
sediments and filter pollutants. To protect shorelines and minimize
coastal  erosion, some NEPs  construct 'living  shorelines"  by
placing native  plants and biodegradable organic materials near
the water's edge. This creates a natural buffer or breakwater to
absorb waves and trap sediments.
Photo Credit: Br\

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EFFICIENT
NEPs  around  the  country  have  become  efficient  at
leveraging funds to  increase  their ability  to  restore
and protect  their coastal ecosystems.  The  NEPs have
obtained over $10 for every $1 provided by EPA, generating
nearly $4 billion for on-the-ground efforts since 2003. Getting
smart about funding  means developing strategies, targeting
programs to pursue funding that supports priorities, fostering
alliances with public and private partners, and demonstrating
results to donors. It also means crediting sponsors for their
contributions and encouraging staff development of new and
creative initiatives.
-  •_.
    .   -
                                                                t: t
                                                                     Credit: Nancy Laurson

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                                                                                ADAPTABLE
                                                                                 NEPs set measurable goals and objectives and use ecosystem-
                                                                                 based indicators to assess progress. This is done through a process
                                                                                 of adaptive management - continuously monitoring and sometimes
                                                                                 adjusting efforts if necessary - if goals and objectives are not being
                                                                                 met. This is also what mates NEPs successful in their ability to adapt
                                                                                 to emerging issues facing our coasts and estuaries, such as climate
                                                                                 change. It's a method that can be readily adapted by and transferred
                                                                                 to any watershed group in the country.
I & Sharon Drake
                                                                                                     Photo Credit: Mobile Bay National Estuary Program

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                                                       The NEP-A Collaborative,
                                                         Effective, Efficient, and
                                                           Adaptable Coastal
                                                      Ecosystem-Based Program
istuary Program

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VIS  TAN   NEP  NEAR   YOU
                                                                                              Albemarle-Pamllco Sounds, NC
                                                                                                     apnep.org

                                                                                              Baratarla-Terrebonne Estuary, LA
                                                                                                     btnep.org

                                                                                                  Bamegat Bay, NJ
                                                                                                     bbep.org

                                                                                                  Buzzards Bay, MA
                                                                                                   buzzardsbay.org

                                                                                                   Casco Bay, ME
                                                                                                cascobay. usm, malne, edu

                                                                                                  Charlotte Harbor, FL
                                                                                                     chnep.org

                                                                                             Coastal Bend Bays and Estuaries, "IX
                                                                                                     cbbep.org

                                                                                                 Delaware Estuary, DE
                                                                                                  delawareestuary.org

                                                                                                Delaware Inland Bays, DE
                                                                                                   inlandbays.org
       Galveston Bay, TX
        gbep.state.tx.us

     Indian River Lagoon, FL
sjwmd.com/indianriverlagoon/index.html

     Long Island Sound, CT
     longislandsoundstudy. net

  Lower Columbia River Estuary, WA
          lcrep.org

    Maryland Coastal Bays, MD
       mdcoastalbays.org

     Massachusetts Bays, MA
         massbays.org

         Mobile Bay, AL
       mobllebaynep.com

         Morro Bay, CA
          mbnep.org

      Narragansett Bay, Rl
          nbep.org

  New York-New Jersey Harbor, NY
       harborestuary.org
      Peconlc Estuary, NY
     peconlcestuary.org

Plscataqua Region Estuaries, NH
      nhep.unh.edu

     Puget Sound, WA
       psp.wa.gov/

  San Francisco Estuary, CA
       sfestuary.org

  San Juan Bay, Puerto Rico
       estuarlo.org

   Santa Monica Bay, CA
    santamonicabay.org

     Sarasota Bay, FL
     sarasotabay.org

      Tampa Bay, FL
        tbep.org

     Tillamook Bay, OR
        tbnep.org

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