United States
                     Environmental Protection
                     Agency
Municipal Environmental Research
Laboratory
Cincinnati OH 45268
                    Research and Development
EPA-600/S2-84-045  Apr. 1984
4>EPA         Project  Summary

                    Field Manual  for Plunging
                    Water  Jet  Use  in  Oil  Spill
                    Cleanup
                    James H. Nash and John S. Farlow
                      A short, illustrated manual on the use
                    of plunging water jets has been prepared
                    for field and planning personnel con-
                    cerned with the cleanup of spilled,
                    floating pollutants. Plunging water jets
                    can often make possible the  control
                    (and, as a consequence, the cleanup) of
                    spilled oil and other floating pollutants
                    where stream and estuary currents are
                    too swift for the use of conventional
                    equipment. The manual provides the
                    practical knowledge needed to divert
                    floating pollutants from faster currents
                    into slower areas—information on how
                    the plunging water jet operates and
                    how to fabricate (from readily available
                    materials) and use the equipment in the
                    field.
                      This Project Summary was developed
                    by EPA's Municipal Environmental Re-
                    search Laboratory, Cincinnati,  OH. to
                    announce key findings of the research
                    project that is  fully documented in a
                    separate report of the same title (see
                    Project Report  ordering information at
                    back).

                      Water jets aimed vertically downwards
                    from  above the water surface carry
                    entrained air into the water column (see
                    Figure 1). The expansion  of this air
                    returning to the surface generates a
                    horizontal surf ace current that carries the
                    floating pollutant laterally in relation to
                    the direction of the stream flow. This
                    lateral motion can be used in a diver-
                    sionary manner to carry  the floating
                    pollutant into naturally occurring regions
                    of low flow where conventional  equip-
                    ment works efficiently.  This system is
                    relatively unaffected by waves and works
well in currents up to at least 6 knots.
  A movie of the operation and use of the
plunging water jet has been prepared. For
more information on the movie and the
procedures for borrowing it, contact the
Project Officer listed below.
  The full report was submitted in fulfill-
ment of Contract No. 68-03-3056 by
Mason & Hanger-Silas Mason Co., under
the sponsorship of the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency.

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Figure  1.    Multiple, advancing plunging water jets can move moderate amounts of floating oil horizontally almost any useful distance. Prototype
            equipment is being tested here at the USEPA Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory's OHMSETT facility in Edison. NJ.
  James H. Nash is with Mason & Hanger - Silas Mason Co., Inc.. Leonardo, NJ
    07737.
  John S.  Farlow is the EPA Project Officer (see below).
  The complete report, entitled "Field Manual for Plunging Water Jet Use in Oil
    Spill Cleanup," (Order No. PB 84-158 880; Cost: $8.50, subject to change) will
    be available only from:
           National Technical Information Service
           5285 Port Royal Road
           Springfield, VA 22161
           Telephone: 703-487-4650
  The EPA Project  Officer can be contacted at:
           Oil & Hazardous Materials Spills Branch
           Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory—Cincinnati
           U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
           Edison. NJ 08837
                                                                                  U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE; 1984 — 759-015/7644

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