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                                                              U.S. EPA Headquarters Library

                                                                    Mail code 3201

                                                              1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW

                                                                Washington DC 20460
                                               •''•. "S LIBRARY

                                               '•'-.'.:.;.iAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                                               tGTON, D.C. 2G46Q

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       A GUIDE TO THE USE OF FY1990 STATE-BY-STATE ENFORCEMENT
                    INFORMATION FOR EPA AND THE STATES
    The following charts summarize FY1990 year end Federal and State environmental enforcement data
from the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Strategically Targeted Activities Reporting System
(STARS).  The summaries contain national. Regional, and State-specific data on program authorization
status, universe of regulated facilities, the number of Significant Noncompliers and the number addressed,
the number of EPA and State judicial and administrative enforcement actions, and the number of EPA
criminal referrals.

    Users of these data should recognize that it is a subset of information on program performance, and
without the use of more detailed information, or without dialogue with appropriate EPA program
enforcement personnel and State officials, accurate conclusions about program performance cannot be
developed. In addition, due to the dynamic nature of the automated and manual databases that form the
basis of this summary, and also due to tuning of data retrievals  for this report, some data may not
precisely match data reported in other EPA reports.  The data reported in STARS (and taken from the
national enforcement  data bases) does not include all enforcement activities, especially activities
undertaken by State agencies.

    The report does not contain data for the Office of Air and Radiation's (OAR) Mobile Source
Enforcement program.  Also, by agreement with the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
(OSWER), this summary does not include data on Superfund (and Superfund-related EPCRA) enforcement
activities.  Due to the unique nature of the Superfund program, a summary containing Superfund
enforcement data without comparable data on federal Fund-financed activities and State activities would
not accurately portray program performance. Information on Superfund activities can be obtained from
OSWER. Information on Mobile Source activities can be obtained from OAR. Comparisons between this
summary and other EPA reports on enforcement activities should recognize that data for the Mobile Source
and Superfund, programs are not included in this State-by-State summary.

    In  the UIC. PWS and FIFRA programs,  the region-wide totals for universes,  significant
noncompliance and enforcement activities include enforcement on Indian lands.

                                   Authorization Status

Clean Air Act - Approved State Implementation Plans (SIP) are fully enforceable by the States.  The
summary  format does not lend itself to a standard-by-standard listing of delegations for NSPS and
NESHAP.  Questions about specific delegations should be directed to the appropriate EPA Regional
Office or the Office of Air and Radiation.

National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) - N «= State has been delegated authority
for the NPDES program; P »  State has been delegated authority for the pretreatment program; FF =
State has been delegated authority for Federal Facilities; FULL =  State  has delegation for ali three
programs; E « State has no delegation and EPA runs the program.
Underground Injection Control (UIC) Program - F = State has full delegation for the program;
has no delegation and EPA runs the program; S = EPA and the State share program authority.

The authorization status codes for all other programs are self-explanatory.

State delegations do not apply to Indian Lands.
                                                                                    State

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                      Counties to Violation of at leasi one TJAAOS Standard
 Background information is provided on the number of counties in violation of at least one of the
 following National Ambient Air Quality Standards (ozone, CD, SO2, and participate matter).
                                Universe of Reulaed Facilities
 The percentages next to the universe of facilities in each Regional and State summary reflect the number of
 facilities or sources in a particular Region or State regulated under each statute compared to the national
 total of regulated facilities or sources under each statute.
  jx • SIP sources are Class A sources.  The NESHAP universe reflects all sources, regardless of geographic
 location.

 NPDHS - The number of major municipal and industrial facilities reported in STARS in the fourth quarter.

 PWS • The number of Community Water Systems is provided (Regional totals include systems on Indian
 Lands which are not included in State totals). The universe data does not include non-community systems.
 which are also regulated by EPA and the States.

 iflC - The universe data includes totals for the high priority Class I and II wells but not for Classes III - V.

                               Significant KoncompHgrs (SNC)

 Att - The air program has defined SNC as a violation of SIP requirements in areas not attaining
 primary ambient air quality standards for the pollutant for which the source is in violation, violations
 of NSPS,  violations of NESHAPs (non-transitory), and violations of Prevention of Significant
 Deterioration and new source review requirements. Asbestos Demolition and Renovation activities are
 not included.  The SNC universe includes both SNCs that existed (not previously addressed) at the
 beginning of FY 1990 (fixed list) and SNCs that were identified during FY 1990 (new or dynamic).

 NJ22EL - The NPDES program has defined SNC to include violations of effluent  limits, reporting
 requirements, and/or violations of formal enforcement actions. The SNC data included in mis summary
 are for sources that appeared on the Exceptions List during FY1990.  The data  includes all SNCs that
 appeared during the year (i.e., those addressed in a "timely and appropriate" manner  and SNCs on the
 exceptions list that were identified as SNC for two consecutive Quarterly Noncompliance Reports).

 UIC - SNC includes Class I, II, in, and V wells that failed mechanical integrity, exceeded  injection
 pressure, or received unpermitted injection material.

 PWS - An SNC is a Community Water System that meets the criteria for significant noncomplier
 status. The data includes both new SNCc (SNCs subject to the Timely and Appropriate (T&A) period)
 as well as Exceptions (SNCs that were not addressed during T&A).

 ££EA  - During FY 1989, a new definition of SNC was phased into the the RCRA  program. SNCs
 identified during FY 1990 are those treatment, storage and disposal (TSD) facilities (including Federal
 Facilities) that are classified as  High Priority Violators (HPVs) according to the revised Enforcement
 Response Policy (December 21, 1987).  Note: Included are those TSD facilities that are designated
 HPVs because of Land Disposal Restrictions violations. SNCs discovered prior to the beginning of FY
 1990 consist of those land disposal facilities with Class I violations of groundwater monitoring
 requirements, financial responsibility requirements, or dosure/post-closure requirements. This also
 includes any Treatment or Storage Facility (TSF) in violation of a  corrective action compliance
 schedule.

TSCA - The TSCA program defines SNC as violations of PCB disposal, manufacturing , processing,
distribution, storage, record-keeping, or marking. SNC  also covers Asbestos-in-Schools violations,
 import certification and record-keeping violations, and testing or  pre-manufacture notification

-------
violations. Data included in the summaries is for fixed base SNCs (i.e.. violations of TSCA that
warrant issuance of a civil complaint, or equivalent, with a proposed penalty of $25,000 or greater).
Addressed SNCs are those where the  administrative complaint, or equivalent, has been issued).

FIFRA  - The FIFRA program has defined SNC to include  1) total allegations of significant use
violations identified by EPA and referred to the States' for action, and 2) total significant use violations
identified for EPA action. Addressed SNCs refers to a completed investigation for State referrals under
FIFRA Section 27, and to initiating an enforcement action for EPA cases.

                                    Administrative Actions
Administrative action totals for EPA and the States for all programs may include actions taken to
address violations other than those violations defined as SNC and, therefore, it is not possible to draw
a direct relationship between enforcement activity levels and SNC. Administrative actions include
those formal administrative actions that are independently enforceable, require the recipient to take
some corrective/remedial action within a specified period of time,  refrain from some certain behavior,
and to achieve or maintain compliance.

National and Regional totals of Wetlands enforcement activities are provided, but only data for civil
judicial referrals are disaggregated to the State level.   The charts do not include national or State
totals for the Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasures (SPCC) program but does include Regional
totals for those Regions which provided us with their activity levels.

State FIFRA administrative actions contained in this summary of actions taken are for agricultural
use/follow-up, non-agricultural use/follow-up, and restricted use pesticides dealerships.  State-issued
warning letters are not included in the administrative order totals however, the number issued by each
State is  footnoted on each State chart

                                 Civil and Criminal Referrals

EPA civil and criminal referrals are those mat were referred to the Department of Justice in FY1990.
Data on State criminal enforcement activities are not available.

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