A Hands-on Guide to
 mplementing the
             	 A

          NaturalGas(\
          EPA PnilllTinU PREVENTED F

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Welcome                                           tK
Natural  Gas  STAR  Partr                   1
    Since the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
    launched the Natural Gas STAR Program in 1993,
    more than 90 companies—representing natural gas
production, processing, transmission, and distribution
operations—have voluntarily partnered with EPA to identify
and implement cost-effective, gas-saving technologies
and management practices. This partnership has provided
significant economic and environmental benefits. Thanks
to partner efforts, methane emissions have been reduced
by more than 220 billion cubic feet as of 2001, with sav-
ings estimated at over $660 billion.
This demonstration of industry ingenuity and commitment
has shown that active participation in the Gas STAR
Program not only offers quantifiable environmental
benefits, but also provides opportunities for partners to
improve operational efficiency, maximize revenues, and
enhance each company's competitive edge in the natural
gas marketplace.
To help you make the most of your participation in the
Natural Gas STAR Program, EPA created this
Implementation Guide to support your company's efforts
         guide you through the Program's milestones. Featured
         within this document is information about the phases of
         program implementation and descriptions of the tools and
         services EPA has developed to assist you.
         We hope that you find this Implementation Guide an effec-
         tive tool for implementing the Natural Gas STAR Program
         in a profitable and efficient manner. We look forward to
         your success in reducing methane emissions through the
         Natural Gas STAR Program and proving that cooperative,
         voluntary partnerships are an effective method for achiev-
         ing both economic and environmental goals.
         Sincerely,
         The Natural Gas STAR Program Team
         Reducing Methane  Emissions
                Increasing  Efficiency
                       Maximizing  Profits
to initiate projects that reduce methane emis
and to

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Table  of Contents

Getting Started	1
    Develop Internal Program Support	1
    Incorporate Natural Gas STAR into Corporate Policy	2
    Take Advantage of Natural Gas STAR Communications Resources	2
Assessing Methane Emissions Reductions Opportunities	5
    Review Best Management Practices (BMPs)	6
    Review Partner Reported Opportunities (PROs)	7
    Take Advantage of EPA Technical Resources	7
    Utilize EPAs Online BMP/PRO Analysis Tool	8
Developing an Implementation Plan	9
    Review the Core Elements of the Implementation Plan	9
    Determine Your Implementation Approach	10
    Evaluate Your Implementation Plan Periodically	12
Reducing Methane Emissions	13
    Use Natural Gas STAR Tools and Services to Implement BMPs and PROs	13
    Take Advantage of Technology Transfer Opportunities	14
Documenting Success	17
    Compile Information on Emissions Reductions Accomplishments	17
    Streamline Data Collection	18
    Take Advantage of EPAs Online Tools	18
Continuing Your Success	20
    Enhance Your Gas STAR Participation	20
    Stay Informed About the Latest Gas STAR Information	21
    Earn Public Recognition for Your Voluntary Efforts	21
Resources...                                                                                ...23

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          Implementation Guide
              Web Companion
Throughout this guide, you will find many references to
the Natural Gas STAR Web site atwww.epa.gov/gasstar.
This Implementation Guide has a Web companion that
provides all the information contained in this document
as well as  links to templates for download, time-saving
data collection and reporting tools, and regularly updated
information about technologies, workshops, and
program-related news.
Note the icons below to quickly and easily identify
content that is most relevant to your particular
industry sector.
                Production
                                                                    Processing
                                                                    Transmission
                                                                    Distribution

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Getting  Started
Y
     our company signed a Memorandum of
     Understanding (MOU)—now what? Before you
     launch your first Natural Gas STAR project, EPA rec-
ommends taking some introductory steps to lay the
groundwork for a successful partnership and maximize
your gas-saving opportunities.

Develop Internal  Program Support
Creating a supportive corporate environment for Natural
Gas STAR from the beginning is an important first step.
This initial outreach will help your company as you plan
and implement your initial emissions reductions activities
and expand your program efforts in coming years. Ways
in which you can develop and maintain internal program
support include:
• Educating management and field personnel about the
  Program and your company's commitment to reducing
  methane emissions and protecting the environment.
  Translate the implementation activities into specific eco-
  nomic benefits, and present this  information to key deci-
  sion-makers to justify program investments.
• Involving  staff at all levels when  determining how to
  implement the Program. Interact with operations and
  environmental managers as well  as others in field and
  headquarters offices to nurture program buy-in.
i Leveraging
 existing corporate infrastruc-
 ture, such as company envi-
 ronmental committees, to gen-
 erate awareness of Natural Ga;
 STAR and to implement gas-saving measures.
i Establishing communications with corporate media or
 public relations personnel to ensure program messages
                                                           Implementation Tip—Create a
                                                                    Gas STAR Team
                                                       Many partners find it useful to establish a Gas STAR
                                                       Team composed of company employees from different
                                                       departments. Depending on the size of your organiza-
                                                       tion, you might consider recruiting individuals from
                                                       management; environment, health, and safety (EH&S);
                                                       operations; planning; marketing; public relations; and
                                                       other personnel from company headquarters and field
                                                       offices. An internal Gas STAR Team can help you edu-
                                                       cate staff about the Program; identify methane emis-
                                                       sions reductions opportunities; provide feedback on the
                                                       value of methane emissions reductions activities; collect
                                                       data for compiling and submitting the annual  report; and
                                                       promote milestones and other achievements.

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  are effectively delivered company-wide and externally to
  customers and other stakeholders.
• Developing routine, ongoing communications mecha-
  nisms to keep senior management and key staff
  informed. Use e-mail listservs, Web forums, newsletters,
  and regularly scheduled satellite or phone conferences
  to share information.

Incorporate Natural Gas STAR into
Corporate Policy
As you build the foundation for internal program support,
identifying where the Natural Gas STAR Program can
complement and be integrated with other company initia-
tives and programs can be helpful. The benefits of partici-
pating in Natural Gas STAR are far-reaching and can have
a positive impact across multiple company programs and
policies. For example, several partners have found that
Gas STAR can be incorporated into their ISO 14000 certi-
fication plan. Other areas to incorporate the Gas STAR
Program include:
• Environmental and operations activities.
• Efficiency improvements and pollution prevention
  programs.
• Environmental management systems.
• Greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction strategies.
• Public relations campaigns.

Take Advantage of Natural Gas STAR
Communications Resources
EPA offers a variety of resources to help you launch your
Natural Gas STAR efforts and communicate with key
company audiences. Many of the following products are
offered online at the Natural Gas STAR Web site,
www.epa.gov/gasstar.
• Natural Gas STAR Program Videos. EPA has pro-
  duced two short videos to help implementation man-
  agers introduce employees to the Natural Gas STAR
  Program and the benefits of participation. The videos
  outline the Program, describe methane emissions
  reductions technologies and practices, and feature testi-
  monials from program partners.
• Communications Toolkit. Use this Web-based toolkit
  to assist in communicating your program participation.
  The toolkit contains a variety of creative approaches—or
  "tools"—designed for easy customization. Each is tai-
    Success Story: Columbia Gas & Columbia Gulf Transmission
                                                                    COLUMBIAGAS
    Upon joining Natural Gas STAR, Columbia formed a steering team to facilitate program management and decision-
    making. The team consists of employees from key groups (management, field staff, public relations, EH&S, and
    others) from both transmission companies. Columbia attributes the team with streamlining program decision-making,
    eliminating multiple levels of review, and playing an instrumental role in identifying methane emissions reductions
    technologies and practices.

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  bred for a specific audience, such as shareholders and
  potential investors, employees, peers, and customers.
  The tools are available in PDF or HTML files to comple-
  ment the methods of communicating your program
  participation.
           Implementation Tips—
  Secure Upper  Management Support
  Visible management  support will invigorate field person-
  nel and result in a stronger Gas STAR Program. Make
  sure to share your successes with upper management.
  Involve Field Personnel
  Field staff are instrumental to successful program
  implementation. Regular meetings between the imple-
  mentation manager and field staff help ensure that
  employees are well-informed of existing and new tech-
  nologies. Good communication pays off in increased
  revenues and environmental benefits.
The Natural Gas STAR Communications Toolkit can help
you gain support throughout your company, inform and
motivate employees, enhance your corporate image, and
generate positive publicity.
It is organized into three components and can be cus-
tomized to promote your program participation at all levels
of implementation.
• Announcing Your Partnership. Announce your new
  partnership to  peers, shareholders, employees, and the
  public. Your participation in the Program demonstrates
  your company's commitment to doing business in an
  environmentally responsible manner.
The following tools are available as PDF or HTML files:
     • Communications templates: press release, Web
      site, company newsletter, stockholder newsletter,
      and an annual/environmental report.
    • Partner samples: press releases and newsletters
      released by partner companies on their work and
      program participation.
Gaining Support. Gaining support from management
and operations staff is critical in making your STAR
Program a success. The Natural Gas STAR Program
provides many tools to help you gain commitment from
managers and employees for implementation. The fol-
lowing tools are available:
    • Guide to Participation fact sheet
    • Presentations
    • Natural Gas STAR program videos
    • Journal articles
    • Program forms
    • Technical support documents
    • Natural Gas STAR logos
Publicizing Achievements. As a Natural Gas STAR
partner, take advantage of opportunities to publicize
your STAR activities, achievements, and special awards
for implementation excellence. Inform others about  how
your voluntary activities are protecting the environment
while increasing efficiency and reducing costs.

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    Sjiiir.i! litf STAR
        I inmivii
                   O
You can use the following templates and tools to
publicize your company's success in implementing Natural
Gas STAR. The following tools are available as PDF or
HTML files:
      • Press releases: accomplishments, awards,
        new projects.
      • Web site: feature page, awards page.
      • Company newsletter: accomplishments,
        awards.
      • Stockholder newsletter: accomplishments,
        awards.
      • Annual/environmental report:
        accomplishments.
      • Utility billing insert: accomplishments, public
        awareness card.
      • Partner samples for publicizing achievements.
A template and sample index is also available to help you
easily locate PDF or HTML files and to assist you in using
the Natural Gas STAR Communications Toolkit to commu-
nicate your program participation.
    Kerr-McGee credits its success implementing Gas STAR to support at all levels: senior management, division level
    management, and operations and field staff. High-level corporate support early on was instrumental in launching
    the Program,  and the integration of Gas STAR into the existing program structure of the Environmental Excellence
    Teams has made it sustainable and facilitated all aspects of the Program by providing a mechanism for communica-
    tion, education, and reporting.
    The company uses its Environmental Excellence Team to implement the Program and build internal support. This
    team  meets regularly with field staff to analyze new emissions reductions opportunities, promote methane emissions
    reductions achievements internally, and educate new employees about the company's partnership with EPA. Kerr-
    McGee was awarded the Natural Gas STAR Production Partner of the Year award in 2000.

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Assessing  Methane

Emissions  Reductions

Opportunities

    Iow that you have established a system to facilitate
    internal communications and program management
    decisions, the next step is to assess how you will
make Natural Gas STAR work for your company and how
you will maximize methane emissions reductions opportu-
nities. In most cases, this is best achieved using a two-
step approach:
       Review your company's past operations and
identify activities that  resulted in reduced methane emis-
sions. Developing an  inventory of past emissions reduc-
tions projects not only helps to identify future opportuni-
ties, but it also allows you to document your company's
past achievements, and include these reductions in your
annual report.
 FEP 2.  Evaluate the Natural Gas STAR Best
Management Practices (BMPs) and Partner Reported
Opportunities (PROs), as well as any additional activities
your company may have engaged in, for future implemen-
tation and for inclusion in your company's implementation
plan.
Both of these steps require  that you first familiarize your-
self with the Natural Gas STAR BMPs and PROs.

Where Do Most Leaks Occur?
       Production: Pneumatic devices, glycol
       dehydrators, and fugitive emissions at the
       well site.
       Processing: Leaks from plants and booster
       stations, including compressor rod packing,
    i!l  valves, and open-ended lines.
       Transmission: Pipeline leaks and blow-
       downs; leaks and venting at compressor sta-
       tions, such as valves, compressor seals, and
       open-ended lines.
       Distribution: Leaks at gate stations and
  	'  metering stations, such as valves and open-
       ended-lines.

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Review Best  Management Practices
(BMPs)
The Natural Gas STAR Program is built upon a set of
proven methane emissions reductions strategies identified
by EPA and representatives from the natural gas industry.
From gas production to distribution operations, the core
BMPs are aimed at reducing leaks and process venting
from the  largest sources. They are considered to be gen-
erally cost-effective and widely applicable across the
industry. Together, these technologies and practices repre-
sent significant opportunities for the industry to reduce
methane emissions and increase product savings.
The following BMPs have been identified for each industry
sector:
                   Identify and Replace High-
                   Bleed Pneumatic Devices
                   Install Flash Tank Separators
                   on Glycol Dehydrators
            BMP 3 Partner Reported Opportunities
                                                                    Implement DI&M Programs at
                                                                    Gate Stations and Surface
                                                                    Facilities*
                                                 T                  Identify and Rehabilitate Leaky
                                                 Transmission
                                                                    Distribution Pipe*
                                                                    Implement DI&M Programs at
                                                                    Compressor Stations**
                                                                    Use Turbines at Compressor
                                                                    Stations for New Installations
                                                                    or When Retiring Reciprocating
                                                                    Engines**
                                                                    Identify and Replace High-
                                                                    Bleed Pneumatic Devices**
                                                                    Partner Reported Opportunities

                                                 *BMPs typically reported by distribution sector.
                                                 **BMPs typically reported by transmission sector.
Distribution
Production
Processing
                   Replace Gas Pneumatics with
                   Instrument Air Systems
                   Install Flash Tank Separators
                   on Glycol Dehydrators
                   Implement Directed Inspection
                   and Maintenance (DI&M) at
                   Gas Plants and Booster
                   Stations
"We're convinced that proactive
 environmental responsibility is good
 business. Efforts to reduce our methane
 emissions often improve the operating
 efficiency of the pipelines, and that leads
 to financial reward."
                   — Steve Wilner, Columbia Gas and
                         Columbia Gulf Transmission
                   Partner Reported Opportunities

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Review Partner Reported
Opportunities (PROs)
As part of your company's commitment to the Natural
Gas STAR Program, EPA encourages you to identify addi-
tional activities and technologies for reducing emissions
and improving your operational efficiency. Called PROs,
these management practices are a major source of reduc-
tions for Natural Gas STAR partners and serve as an
opportunity for companies to pursue innovative emissions
reductions ideas.
PROs also fuel much of the technology transfer process
that occurs within the Program when partners share
quantitative and qualitative information about gas-
saving practices.
To date, there are more than 50 PROs, and that num-
ber grows every year. PROs can be used as a one-time
reduction opportunity or as part of your company's
long-term  emissions reductions strategy. PROs include
activities such as installing vapor recovery units,
installing plunger lifts, using pipeline pumpdown tech-
niques  to lower line pressure before maintenance, and
installing smart regulators.

Take Advantage of EPA Technical
Resources
Natural Gas STAR  has developed a series of technical
documents and other tools to help partners evaluate
methane mitigation technologies and practices for their
own operations. More than a dozen Lessons Learned
studies, developed with input from Natural Gas STAR part-
ners, serve as effective guides for implementing BMPs and
PROs. These studies contain:
• Descriptions of methane emissions reductions technolo-
  gies and practices.
• Suggested step-by-step decision process for imple-
  menting the practice.
• Summarized cost and benefit information.
• Helpful implementation tips and reference sources for
  more information.

In addition to the Lessons Learned studies, numerous
PROs are described in PRO fact sheets, which offer:
• Brief description of the PRO.
• Discussion of the methane reduction potential.
• Possible frequency of application and life cycle for the PRO.

• Additional information, including potential benefits and
  costs with a simple calculation of the time to payout.
• Sources for more information.

These fact sheets provide partner companies with infor-
mation for evaluating the applicability of specific technolo-
gies and practices to their operations.
Both the Lessons Learned studies and the PRO fact
sheets are available on the Natural Gas STAR  Web site.
Visit regularly as EPA continually develops new materials.

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Utilize EPA's  Online BMP/PRO
Analysis Tool
Natural Gas STAR'S online BMP/PRO Analysis Tool assists
partners in performing economic evaluations of BMPs and
PROs and in documenting potential emissions reductions
savings. This Web-based tool enables the user to conduct
a customized site-specific or company-wide evaluation of
selected BMPs and/or PROs. These evaluations can then
be used in the decision-making process to determine the
optimal level of implementation of a specific BMP or PRO.
• The tool prompts users to enter operational information
  and economic parameters, such as capital cost, operat-
  ing costs, and current gas price.
• For some calculations, users can select default values
  for both economic and operational inputs.
Based on this information, the tool performs an economic
analysis for the selected BMP or PRO, providing details on
the total cost, return on  investment, payback period, and
net present value. Results are presented in both tabular
and graphical formats, including a graphical display of pay-
back period.
"The [EPA Natural Gas STAR] Program's
 wealth of information about emissions
 reductions tactics eliminated time spent
 exploring and testing new solutions."
                        —  Mike Milliet, ChevronTexaco
    Keyspan field employees are encouraged to identify "quick-hit" opportunities and are expected to contribute to
    the company's participation in Natural Gas STAR by informing the internal STAR team when a potential reduction
    opportunity is discovered. Managers and facility workers then examine the opportunity, determine its feasibility,
    and implement the new practice where appropriate.

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Developing  an
Implementation Plan
    After determining the BMPs and PROs that are
    appropriate and cost-effective for your company,
    the next step is to draft and submit an implemen-
tation plan.

Review the  Core Elements of the
Implementation Plan
An implementation plan summarizes how your company
intends to incorporate the Gas STAR Program into your
operations over a 3- to 5-year period. Overall, the imple-
mentation plan should:
• Conduct an inventory of past emissions reductions
  activities. Accounting for historical reductions will create
  a permanent record of your company's methane emis-
sions reductions efforts and help identify future opportu-
nities. Creating an emissions reductions inventory will:
    • Help quantify the environmental and economic
     benefits of historical activities—great for proving
     value to management.
    • Help identify company best practices, which may
     be applicable to other facilities.
    • Help identify facilities that have the most room for
     improvement.
    • Create a permanent, documented record of past
     achievements in methane reduction.
                                                  Oceaiy Energy
   Upon joining the Natural Gas STAR Program, Ocean Energy conducted a thorough review of its operations,
   dating back to 1990, to identify historical emissions reductions. This process was instrumental in helping the
   company plan its future activities.

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   • Identify BMPs, PROs, and other planned emissions
     reductions activities that match your company's envi-
     ronmental and economic objectives.
   • Outline the planned scope of implementation, noting
     installations or facilities to be included and an antici-
     pated implementation schedule.
   • Submit your plan using the template form provided
     by EPA or devise your own format.
   Your implementation plan represents your company's
   intentions at the time of submission and is not binding.
   At any time, you may revise it to adjust for changing
   business conditions or corporate organization. All plans
   are kept confidential by EPA. Visit the Gas STAR  Web
   site to download the implementation plan template or
   request samples from an  EPA Natural Gas STAR  pro-
   gram manager.

   Determine Your Implementation
   Approach
   To maximize gas savings, EPA encourages you to
   implement methane emissions reductions practices as
             Implementation Tip
    Use the online BMP/PRO Analysis Tool to help you
     decide which cost-effective BMPs and PROs to
          feature in your implementation plan.
broadly as possible. Gas STAR partners have adopted
several different implementation strategies.
• Integrate with Current Activities. When conducting
  regular maintenance or replacement activities, incor-
  porate Gas STAR Program activities and document
  methane savings. For example, El Paso Natural Gas
  Company now makes a practice of repairing and
  documenting leaks as soon as they are identified,
  rather than waiting for scheduled repair cycles.
• Develop a Pilot Project. Pilot projects can take
  many different forms. Consider identifying specific
  facilities or sites at which to implement one or more
  Natural Gas STAR BMPs or PROs. Many partners
  start their Gas STAR Program with a pilot project,
      Kerr-McGee's implementation plan highlights three key areas of activity:
      1. Identification of BMPs that the company can integrate into all new facilities where practical.
      2. Evaluation of the usefulness of the BMPs and PROs at older facilities on a case-by-case basis.
      3. Development of inventories of existing facilities to determine and document past methane emissions reductions.
      Kerr-McGee pays special attention to BMPs and PROs during new construction efforts, as it is  more efficient to imple-
      ment activities during the design stage than to retrofit later.
10

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                                                       UNOCAL"
   Unocal Gulf Region USA initiated a technology-focused pilot project at its Fresh Water Bayou Facility in Louisiana to
   test the conversion of its natural gas-powered pneumatic instrument system to a compressed air powered system.
   The success of the project reinforced senior management support of the Natural Gas STAR Program and prompted
   the company to look for other opportunities to install instrument air systems.
 focusing on one or more BMPs on a small scale at
 select facilities. Pilot projects help partners determine
 associated costs and savings, timeframes, staffing,
 and operational requirements of a BMP or PRO
 before investing in large-scale improvements.
 Based on the results from a pilot project, you can
 determine whether or not those activities make sense
 for your company to repeat at other facilities and
 sites. Positive results from a pilot project can also
 help sell the Program internally.
i Conduct a Baseline Study. Conduct a baseline
 study of a methane emissions reductions technology
 or practice, and use the results to set performance
 standards or to create a "rule of thumb" to help
 determine future  activities. For example, Marathon Oil
 Company conducted an in-depth review of pneumat-
 ic controllers as part of the company's Natural Gas
 STAR efforts. In addition to measuring the typical
 pneumatic performance, the study discovered that if
 an operator could hear or feel the gas escaping from
 a device, then it was economical to replace it with a
 low-bleed device. This rule of thumb was adopted
 company-wide.
i Submit Your Implementation Plan. You may choose
 to submit your plan using a template form provided
 by EPA or devise your own format.
      When Should You Submit Your
       Implementation  Plan to EPA?
            Within one year of joining the Program.
            Within one year of joining the Program.
            Within six months of joining the Program.
            Within six months of joining the Program.

                                                                                                  11

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   Evaluate Your Implementation Plan
   Periodically
   To ensure that you are maximizing the benefits of the
   BMPs and PROs, EPA encourages you to revisit and
   revise your implementation plan every three years.
   Consider:
   • Redefining your company's approach and expected
     level of effort.
   • Re-assessing potential methane emissions reduc-
     tions activities. Re-evaluate the applicability of BMPs
     and PROs to company operations and conduct cost-
     benefit analyses to determine the profitability of possi-
     ble activities. EPA's Online Analysis Tool can help.
   • Take advantage of EPA assistance—Natural Gas
     STAR service representatives, case studies, work-
     shops, and a frequently updated Web site are all
     available resources to help you keep your company's
     implementation strategy current.
  Natural Gas STAR Representatives
              at Your Service
Natural Gas STAR service representatives are avail-
able to assist you in planing your company's par-
ticipation and implementation strategies, and will
make a personal site visit if requested. An up-to-
date service representative listing is available on
the Natural Gas STAR Web site.
      ChevronTexaco focused its pilot project on a geographic region—its Gulf Coast regional facilities—rather than on a
      specific technology. The company encouraged operating personnel to develop their own methods for reducing emis-
      sions and to share those ideas with the rest of the pilot group.
12

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Reducing  Methane
Emissions
     Up until this point in your partnership with EPA,
     you have established the internal framework for
     launching your company's efforts. These activities
have included:
• Creating a supportive internal environment with
  active involvement from senior management and
  field staff.
• Opening channels of communication to discuss
  methane emissions reductions technologies
  and practices.
• Assessing BMPs and PROs to identify the best fit
  with corporate objectives and policies.
• Developing and submitting an implementation plan.
Putting your implementation plan into action and reduc-
ing methane emissions is the next level of participation
in the Natural Gas STAR Program.
Use Natural Gas STAR Tools
and Services to Implement BMPs
and PROs
As described earlier in this guide, EPA has developed a
number of tools to help your company realize the finan-
cial and environmental benefits of participating in Gas
STAR. Below is a summary of products and services
that may help you to effectively manage your program
efforts. These materials are available for download at
the Natural Gas STAR Web site.
• Lessons Learned studies. Revisiting these studies
  frequently can offer added insights into the implemen-
  tation of key technologies and practices. The simple,
  step-by-step decision process format and implemen-
  tation tips provide valuable information based on the
  experiences of Natural Gas STAR partner companies.
• PRO fact sheets. Periodically review the PRO fact
  sheets for new ideas and basic information for evalu-
  ating the economic feasibility of implementing relevant
  PROs in your operations. A detailed list of fact sheets
  is posted online and new PRO fact sheets are added
  as they become available, including the operating
  requirements and applicability information.
                                                                                             13

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                                                                   Natural Gas Service Company.
      El Paso Natural Gas Company has taken "Lessons Learned" to a higher level. The company developed environ-
      mental training modules and a lessons-learned database to help educate employees and demonstrate success-
      ful and unsuccessful activities. The database serves to share cost and benefit information about select environ-
      mental initiatives, while the modules provide instruction specific to El Paso Natural Gas.
    Case studies. Learn how other partners have imple-
    mented Natural Gas STAR. These case studies track
    a company's involvement with the Program from the
    decision to join to the evaluation of BMPs and PROs,
    to the documentation of results.

    Companies including Kerr-McGee, Unocal Gulf Region
    USA, Columbia Gas and Columbia Gulf Transmission,
    and KeySpan  Energy Delivery (formerly Brooklyn Union
    Gas) are profiled.  EPA adds case studies to the Natural
    Gas STAR Web site as they become available. Please
    visit the site for a  complete list.

    Online Analysis  Tool. Check out the online
    BMP/PRO Analysis Tool to evaluate new technologies
    and consider whether they are cost-effective to imple-
    ment at your company.
          Do You Have a PRO to Share?
     EPA encourages you to identify and implement new
     PROs. If you discover a new way to reduce methane
     emissions, please let us know. This fuels the Gas
     STAR technology transfer process.
14
Take Advantage of Technology
Transfer Opportunities
The Natural Gas STAR  Program can be a technical
asset in today's competitive environment. EPA continu-
ally assesses emerging technologies and facilitates
peer-based exchange of technical and economic infor-
mation on BMPs and PROs. This technology transfer
process is one of the Gas STAR Program's most impor-
tant missions.
To ensure that information on emerging technologies
and important analyses are shared with partners, EPA
offers the following services to assist in the transfer of
information:
Information Exchange
• Technology Transfer Workshops focus on issues
  related to reducing emissions from individual industry
  sectors.
• Annual Implementation Workshops provide partners
  and other interested companies with an opportunity
  to obtain information about the most current, cost-
  effective emissions reductions technologies and prac-
  tices, exchange ideas with other partners, and learn
  about new Gas STAR Program activities and initiatives.
  The workshop is typically held in October.

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i Research Support. Natural Gas STAR has provided
 funding and other support to the Gas Research
 Institute, New York State Energy Research
 Development Authority, and to Southern Research
 Institute through EPAs Environmental Technology
 Verification program.
"The Natural Gas STAR Program showed us
 how to do things that we were already doing
 a little bit better. It showed us what some
 partners were doing, some of the equipment
 they were using, rather than what we had
 used in the past. And, it showed us how we
 could take account of our emissions."
           — James Frederick, Unocal Gulf Region USA
 In 2000, the Natural Gas STAR Program partnered with the Gas Technology Institute (GTI) to investigate natural gas
 emissions from U.S. gas processing plants. The primary goal of the study was to determine the cost-effectiveness
 of conducting a directed inspection and maintenance program to reduce emissions at these facilities.
 GTI surveyed more than 101,000 individual equipment components at four plants.  Major findings included:
 • Approximately 2.6 percent of the surveyed components were leaking.
 • Vibrational, high-use, or heat-cycle gas service components were the most leak-prone.
 • Valves, connectors, compressor seals, and open-ended lines made up almost 90 percent of leaking components.
 • 92 percent of leakage and 78 percent of methane emissions could be eliminated through cost-effective measures
  with a payout of one year or less.
 • Repair of these leaks would lead to annual natural gas savings worth nearly $284,000 per site.
 • Repairing only the 10 most cost-effective to repair leaks at each site would reduce gas losses by 35 percent.
 Conclusion: Processing plant operators can reduce gas losses significantly while enhancing  profits by
 conducting periodic comprehensive leak detection and repair  programs.
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   Technology Analysis
   • Engineering and economic studies based on expe-
    riences and data voluntarily provided by partner com-
    panies.
   • Lessons Learned studies describe partner experi-
    ences in implementing the BMPs and include detailed
    economic and technical information.
   • Additional PRO fact sheets describe new methane
    emissions reductions practices identified by program
    partners.
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Documenting
Success
    The valuable information that partners provide in
    their annual reports helps the Program to better
    understand the sources of methane emissions and
opportunities to reduce them.
Each spring, EPA asks that you submit an annual
progress report, documenting the methane emissions
reductions activities your company has undertaken in the
previous calendar year. Reporting is essential because it:
• Creates a permanent record of your company's vol-
  untary reductions.
• Demonstrates to company management the financial
  and environmental benefits of participating in Natural
  Gas STAR.
• Drives the technology transfer process.
• Proves that voluntary partnerships can be effective at
  reaching environmental goals.
While your report remains confidential, EPA uses these
data to develop technical and economic analyses of
emerging technologies and management practices.
These analyses are then used in tools like the
Lessons Learned studies, PRO fact sheets, or online
analysis tools.
Compile Information on Emissions
Reductions Accomplishments
As mentioned in the "Getting Started" section of this
guide, your field staff or Gas STAR Team can help you
collect data and compile your annual report. Typically,
you will need to collect the following information for
each BMP and PRO implemented:
• Brief description or name of practice.
• Cost summary.
• Methane emissions reductions in million cubic feet,
  either by direct measurement or calculated estimate.
  Default values for industry-reviewed methane emis-
  sions reductions are also available for many BMPs and
  PROs.
           Implementation Fact
  Most implementation managers estimate that they
  spend approximately 25 to 40 hours per year on
  Natural Gas STAR Program activities, which includes
  preparing the annual report.
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   • Total value of gas saved.
   • Expected implementation for next year.
   • Any past activities implemented but not previously
    reported.
   EPA encourages you to submit additional comments
   about any BMPs and/or PROs implemented, describing
   additional economic, operational, environmental, or
   safety benefits achieved by implementing the practices.
   This information is important for developing future PRO
   fact sheets and Lessons Learned studies.

   Streamline Data  Collection
   Completing your annual  report is easier if you plan your
   information collection ahead of time:
   • Advise staff of reporting requirements in advance-
    preferably as soon as you sign your MOU—then con-
    tinue to document and measure year-round as appro-
    priate.
   • Be specific about information  to be gathered and
    time your requests to prevent last-minute overload.
   • Store data electronically in a spreadsheet program or
    other type of database to allow users to summarize
    and manipulate data.
   • Couple reporting measurements with other routine
    annual surveys when possible.
   "Making sure that all individuals responsible
   for providing data understand what is needed
   and why is the best way to ensure accurate
   reporting results. Face-to-face meetings
   work best."
            — Marilee Doherty, Reliant Energy Minnegasco
Take Advantage of EPA's Online Tools
Online Reporting Tool—The Annual Report Time-Saver!
The Online Reporting Tool is a Web-based tool that guides
users through the reporting process. The tool prompts
users to enter company-specific emissions reductions
data and then perform various calculations, such as total
emissions reductions and the value of the gas saved.
Online reporting is password-protected to ensure security
of all information. Partners can return to partially complet-
ed reports and finish them as time allows. Once the report
is complete, partners can print out the final form for their
records and submit it electronically to EPA.
Online Data Collection and Management Tool—A
Streamlined Data Management System!
The Online Data Collection and Management Tool provides
implementation managers with a simple Web-based
mechanism to collect information from different facilities
across their companies, aggregate these data, analyze the
results, and generate and submit an annual report, if
desired. The tool:
• Enables individuals from different facilities across the
  company to record project-level emissions reductions
  information.
• Provides for all data entry at the facility level via the
  Internet using password-protected access.
• Enables implementation managers to run summary
  reports of individual practices as well as company-wide
  activities.
• Facilitates information sharing internally or when sub-
  mitted to the Natural Gas STAR Program as part of the
  annual reporting process.
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Success Story: Columbia Gas and Columbi;
jsmission
                                                          COLUMBIAGAS
According to Columbia Gas and Columbia Gulf Transmission, setting measurable goals and objectives in the
planning phase and then following through to maintain and increase momentum is essential. By devising metrics
to measure and report reductions and savings, and incorporating measurements into the company's existing
centralized reporting systems, Columbia streamlined data collection and will reduce future administrative costs.
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                                                             Continuing
                                                             Your  Success
20
       Success is an ongoing process. As technological,
       political, and economic circumstances change,
       new opportunities for process improvements and
   environmental protection will arise. Keep in touch with
   Gas STAR for the latest developments on emissions
   reductions technologies.

   Enhance Your Gas STAR Participation
   Natural Gas STAR is an evolving partnership that was
   built with direct input and guidance from natural gas
   industry professionals. To maximize your partnership in
   the Program, here are some ways you can stay actively
   involved:
   • Exchange technology and information with other
    partners.
   • Revisit BMPs and PROs for new opportunities to
    increase your company's efficiency.
   • Provide input and ideas to EPA and endorsing organ-
    izations on the direction of the Natural Gas STAR
    Program.
   • Consider providing assistance and guidance in devel-
    oping technical and economic evaluations of new
    reduction opportunities.
i Collaborate with EPA on a case study or journal arti-
 cle highlighting your company's Gas STAR experi-
 ences and accomplishments.
i Visit Natural Gas STAR'S Communications Toolkit
 online to discover the many ways you can promote
 your program  participation and achievements to
 employees and customers.
i Attend the Annual  Natural Gas STAR Implementation
 Workshop or Regional Technology Transfer
 Workshops to interact with peers and learn the latest
 Gas Star developments.
  Implementation Tip—Attend Regional
     Technology Transfer Workshops
  Natural Gas STAR conducts a series of Regional
  Technology Transfer Workshops, focusing on issues
  related to reducing emissions from individual industry
  sectors and processing operations. Visit the Natural
  Gas STAR Web site at www.epa.gov/gasstar for loca-
  tions, dates, and  times.

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  Help bring new companies into the Program. The
  more partners that become involved in Gas STAR,
  the richer the technology transfer opportunities.
"The workshops provide a lot of interaction
 between companies, with presentations
 about practices implemented. There are also
 roundtable discussions where partners can
 talk back and forth and answer questions or
 ask them of others."
              — Tom Berringer, Marathon Oil Company
Stay Informed About the Latest Gas
STAR Information
EPA strives to provide new information on emerging
technologies and practices to partners. Visit the Natural
Gas STAR Web site frequently and watch your mail for
new program publications and other developments
such as:
• Partner Update. The Natural Gas STAR Partner
  Update features partnership news, partner profiles,
  articles about new technologies, and information
  about industry-related events.
• Workshops. Annual and regional workshops provide
  opportunities for EPA and partners to interact and
  discuss program  innovations.
• New Technical Materials. EPA strives to continually
  develop new documents and products to help part-
  ners more efficiently implement the Natural Gas STAR
  Program. Visit the Gas STAR Web site  for updates on
  new materials.
Earn Public Recognition for Your
Voluntary  Efforts
EPA recognizes exceptional Natural Gas STAR partners
in technical articles and public service announcements
placed in trade journals, such as the Harvard Business
Review and Oil & Gas Journal, as well as through its
prestigious awards program. The awards, presented at
the Annual Implementation Workshop, recognize the
achievements of partners who have embraced efficiency
and incorporated strategic emissions management into
their operations. Companies are evaluated for Partner of
the Year Awards based on significant contributions in the
areas of technology development, outreach, and pro-
gram implementation. The Communication Toolkit is also
a great resource to help partners promote their achieve-
ments by using the templates and samples.
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Resources
       Need more information about implementing the
       Natural Gas STAR Program? Visit the Natural Gas
       STAR Web site at www.epa.gov/gasstar. The
following items are available to help you reduce methane
emissions:
• Comprehensive BMP and PRO descriptions.
• Case studies.
• Communications Toolkit.
• Information on how to obtain copies of the award-win-
  ning Natural Gas STAR videos.
• Lessons Learned studies.
• Partner Update.
i Presentations.
i PRO fact sheets.
i Program forms and templates—Memorandum of
 Understanding, Implementation Plan, and Annual
 Report.
i STAR service representatives contact information.
i Trade journal articles about Natural Gas STAR or
 authored by Natural Gas STAR partners.
i Web-based Tools—Online BMP/PRO Analysis Tool,
 Online Reporting Tool, and the Online Data Collection
 and Management Tool.
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