UnMd SIMM
Environ >*nhttl Protection
Agmcy
Off let of
Pwtiddw and Toxic
Washington DC 20480
January 1983
PwticidM
<>EPA
The Calcium and
Sodium Hypochlorite
Salts
Pesticide Registration
Standard Part I
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The Calcium and Sodium Hypochlorite Salts
Pesticide Registration Standard
PART I
Michael F. Branagan
Bruce A. Kapner
James L. Skaptason
Alex Arce
William Boodee
Barbara Breithaupt
Linda Garczynski
Robert Hoist
Steven Hopkins
Arturo Castillo
Russel Scarato
Arthur Schlosser
Myra Smith
Ann Stavola
Project Manager (SPRD)
Project Manager (SPRD)
Section Head (SPRD)
Pharmacologist (TB/HED)
Chemist (RCB/HED)
Plant Physiologist (PSB/BFSD)
Writer Editor (SPRD)
Plant Physiologist (EEB/HED)
Wildlife Biologist (EEB/HED)
Product Manager (RD)
Economist (EAB/BFSD)
Environmental Chemist (EFB/HED)
Microbiologist (PSB/BFSD)
Aquatic Biologist (EEB/HED)
December 31, 1982
Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances
Environmental Protection Agency
401 M Street, SW
Washington, D.C. 20460
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- TABLE OF CONTENTS -
Chapter I Introduction
Purpose of this Standard
Organization of the Standard
Registration and Reregistration under Standards
Simplified Registration Procedures
page
...1
Chapter II Regulatory Position and Rationale.
Introduction
Description of Chemical
Regulatory Position
Regulatory Rationale
Acceptable Ranges and Limits
Tolerance Reassessment
Chapter III Registration and Reregistration under this
General Standard
Introduction
Registration under the General Registration Process
Reregistration under the General Registration Process
Registration and Reregistration of Products that are not being
Processed under the General Registration Process
Data Compensation
Amendments to this Stc»ndard
Compliance with an Amended Standard
Reporting Production under Section 7 FIFRA
.11
Chapter IV Guide for Label Preparation
General Information
Registration Number
Establishment Number
Product Name
Type Size Requirements
Storage and Disposal Statements
Use Directions
Standard Statements of Formula
Standard Master Labels
Sample Certification Statement
.22
Bibliography,
.89
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CHAPTER I: JJJTO3DUCTIOSI
A. Purpose of this Standard
B. Organization of the Standard
C. Registration and Reregistration under Standards
D. Simplified Registration Procedures
A. Purpose of this Standard
The purpose of the hypochlorite registration standard is two fold. First,
this standard is intended as a tool for the Environmental Protection Agency
(the Agency) for the registration and reregistration of single active ingredient
calcium and sodium hypochlorite pesticide products. Secondly, the purpose of
this standard is to announce the introduction of the general registration process,
a pilot program intended to streamline the registration/reregistration process.
B. Organization of the Standard
The standard for calcium and sodium hypochlorites will be published in
two parts. This document is Part I, which includes all single active
calcium and sodium hypochlorite products except those included in Part II.
Part II includes all sodium hypochlorite products which contain intention-
ally added inerts such as detergents, soaps, and abrasives and typically
are marketed as cleansers. These products typically do not possess Toxicity
Category I eye irritation potential. The Agency has determined that
these products are candidates for exemption under section 25(b) of the
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act, as amended, (FIFRA)
because they possess a very low hazard potential.
Part I of this standard combines, in one document, both a registration
standard document and a guidance package and is physically divided into
two sections: Chapters I and II present an overview of the standards
process and Agency decisions, while Chapters III and IV provide an updated
and expanded guidance package, necessary for the registration/reregistration
of products containing these chemicals.
The first chapter introduces the concept and legal principles involved in
registering or reregistering products under this standard. Chapter II presents
the regulatory position and rationale for the position. The basis of the
regulatory rationale is presented in a scientific appendix, available from the
Agency upon request. Chapter III provides step-by-step instructions for
registering and reregistering products under this standard and specifies the
procedures to amend this standard. Chapter rv provides guidance on the prepa-
ration of products and labels. A bibliography of the references that form the
data base supporting registrations under the standard appears after Chapter TV.
C. Registration and Reregistration under Standards
Section 3 of FIFRA, 1978, requires that anyone seeking to market a pesticide
obtain the approval of the Agency prior to marketing, with approval contingent
upon Agency evaluation of the results of scientific studies of the chemical
under consideration and of the label proposed for the product.
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In addition, FIFRA requires the Agency to prepare testing guidelines that
provide guidance for adequate testing by current scientific and regulatory
standards. Tests performed according to these guidelines permit the Agency to
make uniform regulatory decisions on the registration of new products and
reregistration of all existing pesticide products. Because many previously
registered products relied upon testing which came to be considered inadequate
by current testing standards, Congress, in 1972, directed the Agency to reassess
and reregister all previously registered products, to bring their registrations
and their data bases into compliance with current requirements. See FIFRA
section 3(g).
To accomplish this reassessment and reregistration of the approximately 43,000
currently registered products, the Agency developed a three step process for
each pesticide chemical. The steps are: identifying and reevaluating the
relevant data on the active ingredient, documenting the results of the
reevaluation, and reregistering the existing products based on the health and
safety conclusions in the document. New products containing the pesticide would
also be registered based on the conclusions from the review.
This document, called a registration standard, presents the Agency's reassessment
of and basis for the registration and reregistration of products containing
these chemicals. The document also serves as the basis for registration of new
products that will be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this
standard.
All existing single active ingredient calcium and sodium hypochlorite products
which are included in Part I must now be reregistered under the provisions of
this standard.
D. Simplified Registration Procedures
Since the initiation of the registration standard process in 1977, the
Agency has continously sought ways to reduce both the processing time
and costs associated with the registration of products subject to completed
standards. As a result of that evaluation, the Agency has determined
that the registration process can be simplified for some products, especially
some end-use products with no significant loss in public or environmental
protection. One outcome of this desire for simplification of the registration
process is the development of the concept of the general registration.
This concept is based on the belief that for some categories of chemicals
and some use patterns, the development of standard labeling including uniform
precautionary statements, and the setting of acceptable performance standards
can provide an amount of public protection equivalent to product-by-product
review.
The highlights of the general standard process are as follows:
0 Under its provision applicants will be given a set of registrations for
all applicable formulations of the pesticide product encompassed by a
general registration standard upon Agency acceptance of properly
completed certification(s) that the pesticide product(s) to be marketed
is/are or will be in compliance with the testing and labeling
requirements specified in the standard.
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0 The standard will include master labels for each acceptable formulation
of the pesticide(s) included in the standard. Each master label will
include all of the required precautionary labeling and all of the
currently accepted use labeling for each formulation. A master label
will cover a range of concentrations of the active ingredient for a
particular formulation type, provided the precautionary labeling and
range of acceptable uses does not vary within the range.
0 Registrants will be permitted to market any nunber of individual pro-
ducts using all, or part, of the currently accepted uses from each
registration granted under the provisions of a single general register-
ation certification for each active ingredient.
0 All products fron an individual registrant using the same master label
will bear the same registration number and be considered as a single
registration. The registration number will be the company number
followed by a code for the general registration standard label.
0 The review of the certification(s) will be limited to confirmation that
they are properly executed. Applicants will be sent a notification of
Agency approval.
0 The general registration process does not exempt registrants from other
requirements of FIFRA, including the need for all registrants to report
the production volume of all pesticides under section 7 of FIFRA, or
adverse effects information under 6(a)2 FIFRA.
In the general registration process, the name and address required by FIFRA
section 3(c)(l)(A) is specified in the certification. The generic name of the
pesticide required by section 3(c)(l)(B) is specified in the certification. The
requirement for a complete copy of the label, all claims, and directions for
use specified by section 3(c)(l)(C) is satisfied by the standard labels
presented in the standard. The tests required at the option of the
Administrator of EPA by section 3{c)(l)(D) are provided by the studies listed
in the bibliography of the incorporated standard. The complete formula of the
pesticide, as required by section 3(c)(l)(E), is provided by the formula
specified for each of the standard formulations, in Chapter IV of the
incorporated standard and the Confidential Statements of Formula submitted by
the applicant. The certification statement includes a request that all
products be classified as required by section 3(c)(l)(F). The certification by
the applicant that all required Offers-To-Pay have been delivered to the
companies specified in Tables 1 and 2 in Chapter III will serve both as the
submission of such offers to the Administrator and as evidence of delivery as
required by section 3(c)(1)(D) (ii) of FIFRA.
While the Agency has not determined that this new approach is appropriate
for all end-use products, the Agency has judged that this new approach
is appropriate for Toxicity Category I products containing sodium or
calcium hypochlorite as the sole active ingredient and therefore should
be implemented at this time. The Agency is confident that the general
standard approach will streamline the registration/reregistration process.
The Agency strongly encourages registrants and applicants for registration
of Toxicity Category I sodium and calcium hypochlorite products to utilize
this streamlined process, in an effort to maintain flexibility during
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this pilot effort, applicants will be permittted the option to register
new Toxicity Category I products and reregister current Toxicity Category
I products either by the new streamlined process or by the conventional
registration process. Registrants of current products that are labeled
as Toxicity Category II, III or IV must either supply the data specified
in the standard to demonstrate the appropriate toxicity category or change
their labeling to Toxicity Category I labeling. Registrants who change
their labeling to Toxicity Category I may reregister by either the general
registration or the conventional reregistration process. Registrants of
current products who wish to maintain other than Toxicity Category I
labeling must be registered and reregistered using the conventional
registration/reregistration process and cannot utilize the general regist-
ration process.
To reduce any risks resulting from implementation of this new approach,
the Agency will closely monitor early certifications to determine the
degree of registrant compliance with the provisions of this document.
Only if monitoring indicates a high degree of compliance will the Agency
consider the process for widespread implementation. To facilitate the
monitoring of this pilot effort, applicants for general registration
will be required to submit labels and Confidential Statements of Formula
for each different product. This information will be used to determine
the degree of compliance. It will not be used in evaluating the registrant's
application. At the end of this 18 month pilot effort, the Agency intends
to evaluate the success of this effort and explicitly determine whether
similar or more extensive (e.g. section 25(b) FIFRA) regulatory reforms
are justified.
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CHAPTER II: REGULATORY POSITION AND RATIONALE
A. Introduction
B. Description of Chemical
C. Regulatory Position
D. Regulatory Rationale
E. Acceptable Ranges and Limits
F. Tolerance Reassessment
A. Introduction
This chapter presents the Agency's regulatory position and rationale based on
an evaluation of all registered products containing calcium or sodium
hypochlorites as the sole active ingredient. Lithium hypochlorite, a third
hypochlorite salt registered as a pesticide, is not considered within the scope
of this standard because of the special toxicity/exposure problems encountered
with lithium residues, resulting from certain of the chemical's registered uses.
All of the products subject to Part I of the standard can be divided into two
groups. Group 1 includes all those products that are eligible to be registered
under the general registration process. Group 2 includes all other hypochlorite
products covered by Part I of the standard. Those will be reregistered on a case-
by-case basis.
Group 1 includes a) liquid, sole active ingredient, calcium and sodium hypochlorite
products with water as the only intentionally added inert ingredient, and b) solid,
sole active ingredient, calcium hypochlorite products with a formula consistent
with that on page 26 of this standard. Provided, that to be included in Group 1,
all products must bear labeling consistent with the sample labels on pages 30-85
in this standard, and be in child-resistant packaging when appropriate. These
products are subject to registration/reregistration under the general registration
process.
Group 2 products will be handled outside of the general registration process. All
products in this group will be registered/reregistered on a case-by-case basis.
This group includes all calcium and sodium hypochlorite products where the
applicant proposes changes from the labeling specified for Group 1 products.
These include, for example, products for which Toxicity Category II, III, or Tvi/
eye irritation labeling is proposed or those for which an exemption from the
child-resistant packaging requirement is proposed.
B. Description of Chemicals
Calcium and sodium hypochlorites are chlorinated inorganic disinfectants.
Calcium hypochlorite is principally sold as a solid, powder, granular, or tablet
product, while sodium hypochlorite is normally sold only as a liquid.
I/Toxicity Categories range fron TV to I, with I representing the
highest level of toxicity and/or irritability (40 FR 28279). Products
which can result in any eye irritation that is irreversible within 21
days possess Toxicity Category I eye irritation potential. Such products
must use DANGER as their signal word on the label. Such products must
also be marketed in child-resistant packaging if used in the home environment
(46 FR 15105).
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Products containing 5 to 6 percent sodium hypochlorites are commonly
known as household bleach.
Calcium and sodium hypochlorites are registered as sanitizers and
disinfectants of surfaces, as disinfectants of water, and as chemicals to
control microorganisms on certain foods and in certain industrial processes.
C. Regulatory Position
Based on a review of the available scientific data and other relevant inform-
ation on the calcium and sodium salts of hypochlorites, the Agency has made the
following determinations:
1. Applicability of the General Registration Process
0 The use patterns and hazards are generally consistent among products
and are well understood by both producers and users.
0 There is sufficient information to classify most single active ingred-
ient calcium and sodium hypochlorites products as general use
products.
0 The time and resources required for a product-by-product review
would not afford additional public health protection commensurate
with the additional time and resources required over the general
registration approach for products in Group 1.
0 Based on the above findings, general registration certifications
will be accepted for all applicants seeking to market sodium or
calcium hypochlorite as sole active ingredient pesticide products
in Group 1.
2. Registration Status
0 Products formulated and labeled in accordance with this standard will
have a composition that warrants the proposed claims.
0 The required certification, labeling, confidential statement of
formula and other materials required to be submitted by FIFRA.
0 Products formulated and labeled in accordance with this standard, when
used in accordance with widespread and commonly recognized practice,
will not generally cause unreasonable adverse effects on the
environment.
3. Other Findings
0 After reviewing the human hazard data for calcium and sodium hypo-
chlorite, the Agency has determined that child-resistant packaging
(44 FR 13109) is required for all end-use products for which Category I
eye irritation toxicity labeling is appropriate, if labeled for use in the
home environment. Products labeled with directions that they may only be
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purchased and applied by a "service person" are not required to
use child-resistant packaging.^/
D. Regulatory Rationale
After a review of the available product chemistry and toxicity data, the
Agency has determined that all calcium and sodium hypochlorite single
active ingredient products are eye irritants whose potential for hazard
from use of these products may be mitigated with appropriate precautionary
labeling.
Based on a review of the available product chemistry, toxicity, environmental
fate, and ecological effects data on calcium and sodium hypochlorites, the
Agency has determined that any hazards associated with the uses of calcium and
sodium hypochlorite are relatively small, when used in accordance with the
label directions set forth in this standard.
Exposure to residues remaining on food contact surfaces, to chlorine contained
in solutions, and to vapors from undiluted or diluted products will be small
when the applicator follows required labeling and use directions. These
labeling requirements are specified in Chapter IV of this standard. Exposure to
the undiluted product will be small, and are primarily limited to the time
required to dilute the concentrated product. Exposure to use dilutions of
calcium and sodium hypochlorite is very small, despite their widespread use,
because they are used at such low concentrations.
The Agency has determined that the available toxicity and exposure information
is sufficient to evaluate the risks associated with the uses of calcium and
sodium hypochlorites. The Agency has further determined that these risks are
not unreasonable. In light of the determination of acceptable risk, the Agency
has concluded that it should continue registration of calcium and sodium
hypochlorite under the conditions set forth in this standard.
The Agency has decided not to perform a full ecological effects hazard
assessment of the currently accepted uses that result in point source
discharges of effluents treated with calcium and sodium hypochlorites. This
decision is based on the premise that facilities which discharge large
quantities of treated effluent will, in all likelihood, be required to obtain a
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination system (NPDES) permit. Such permits
are tailored to a specific site or point of discharge and are usually required
in situations which could result in large and prolonged effects on the
environment. Small discharges, by contrast, normally do not require NPDES
permits because their effects are usually localized and transitory in nature.
2/ A service person is defined as one who provides a service of controlling
pests without delivering any unapplied pesticide to any person so served. The
term "service person" includes, but is not limited to, a janitor, pest control
operator, maintenance person, lawncare and landscape personnel. "Service
person" does not include a household servant, such as maid, housekeeper, or
private gardener (46 FR 15105).
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Finally, the Agency has determined that the required hazard labeling, specified
in this standard, is sufficient to minimize the likelihood of significant
of significant discharges of effluents containing calcium and sodium hypochlorite.
All evironmental fate data requirements for the hypochlorite salts have been
fulfilled by the document, ".Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Chlorine"
(Tobler et al., MRID GS0029026), published by the Environmental Protection
Agency.
The Agency has decided to continue its current policy of exempting Group 1 and
Group 2 formulations of hypochlorites from the product-by-product efficacy data
requirement normally levied on sanitizers and disinfectants. The Agency has con-
cluded that the published literature data can reasonably be extrapolated to the
full range of Group 1 and Group 2 products.
E. Acceptable Ranges and Limits
1. Product Composition Standard
a. Solid Formulations
The Agency will permit marketing of solid manufacturing-use and end-use calcium
hypochlorite products at concentrations up to 70 percent active ingredient
(A.I.), as declared on the label.
b. Liquid Formulations
The Agency will permit marketing of manufacturing-use and end-use liquid
hypochlorite products containing either calcium or sodium hypochlorite at
concentrations up to 12.5 percent A.I., as declared on the label.
Because of the inherent instability of liquid formulations of calcium
and sodium hypochlorites, manufacturers of a liquid hypochlorite product
are permitted to overformulate their products up to 25 percent above the
label declaration. Overformulation will assure that the concentration
of active ingredient, as declared on the label, will be present in the
product for a reasonable period of time after manufacture. Therefore,
products which declare 12.5 percent A.I., the maximum upper limit for
liquid hypochlorite products, may contain an absolute upper limit of
15.6 percent A.I. To calculate the upper and lower limits of A.I. for
your product use the following formula:
% A.I. declared on label x 1.25 = A.I. Upper Limit
% A.I. declared on label = A.I. Lower Limit
EXAMPLE: The ABC Chemical Corporation has a registered product
with a label declaration of 10 percent A.I. The product
must contain between 10.0 and 12.5 percent A.I.
10.0 x 1.25 = 12.5 A.I. Upper Limit
10.0 == 10.0 Upper Limit
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2. Acute Toxicity Limits
a. Toxicity Category I products
Products which fall into Toxicity Category I, based on eye irritation
potential, will be acceptable under a general registration certification.
b. Other Products
The Agency recognizes that eye and skin irritation data may exist which
could place some products in a Toxicity Category other than I. In addition,
many products have been registered in the past, in the absence of data or
using data unacceptable by current standards, with precautionary labeling
indicating an eye irritation potential other than Toxicity Category I.
Based on the information reviewed to date, the Agency has determined that
products which claim lesser eye irritation potential must be judged
individually, using data developed for the actual formulated product. All
applicants currently claiming an eye irritation potential other than that
designated in Toxicity Category I must either (1) change their labeling
to the Toxicity Category I labeling specified in chapter TV and be subject
to the provisions of this standard or (2) submit all data specified in
Chapter III and be considered for registration/reregistration under this
standard on a product-by-product basis.
3. Use Pattern Limits
Under this standard, the Agency will permit marketing of end-use products
labeled for use as:
0 sanitizers of surfaces (e.g. wooden butcher blocks, stainless steel tops,
concrete floors, tile walls); or
0 sanitizers of commercial and household laundry; or
0 agents to wash or assist in lye peeling of fruits and vegetables (sodium
hypochlorite only); or
0 agents to help control microorganisms on mushrooms (pins), potatoes, sweet
potatoes (postharvest), pimento and tomato seeds, pecans, fish fillets,
refining sugar (calcium hypochlorite only); or
0 agents to help control microorganisms on eggs for human consumption; or
0 disinfectants of poultry drinking water; or
0 disinfectants of human drinking water (emergency/public/individual),
swimming pool water, hubbard/immersion tank water, spas/hot tub,
hydrotheraphy pools, human drinking water systems (e.g. water mains); or
0 disinfectants of nonporous hard surfaces (e.g. tile, glass, stainless steel,
fibreglass); or
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0 agents to help control microorganisms in sewage, wastewater, industrial
and pulp and paper process water systems; or
0 algicides/slimicides in cooling towers or evaporative condensers; or
0 sanitizers of dialysis machines; or
0 sanitizers of toilet bowls; or
0 agents to help control algae and bacteria in fish and lobster ponds/tanks
and conditioning oysters; or
0 agents to help control slime on boat bottoms; or
0 agents to sanitize and deodorize artificial sand beaches; or
0 agents to kill scavenger fish in fish hatchery ponds.
Under this standard, the Agency will permit marketing of manufacturing-use
only products labeled for formulation into end-use products for any of
the above uses. Manufacturing-use products may not be marketed as an
end-use product. End-use products cannot be marketed for reformulation
into other end-use products.
F. Tolerance Reassessment
An exemption frcm the-requirement for a tolerance was established (40 CFR
180.1054) for residues of calcium hypochlorite which may occur in or on raw
agricultural commodity potatoes resulting frcm the use of washing solutions
containing calcium hypochlorite. After reexamining the exemption from the
requirement for a tolerance, the Agency has determined that the exemption is
still appropriate under current scientific standards.
Food processing plants, dairies, canneries, breweries, wineries, beverage
bottling plants and eating establishments use hypochlorites for sanitizing
premises and for disinfecting equipment and utensils. A food additive
regulation allowing the use of sodium or calcium hypochlorites as a terminal
sanitizing rinse on food processing equipment has been established (21 CFR
178.1010). A food additive regulation permitting the use of sodium hypochlor-
ites in washing or assisting in lye peeling of fruits and vegetables has been
established (21 CFR 173.315) by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
The provisions of the Food Drug and Cosmetic Act (40 CFR 180.1001 (a))
require the establishment of a exemption for a tolerance for the use of
calcium hypochlorite on mushroon pins (pre-harvest), sweet potatoes
(post harvest), pimento seeds, tomato seeds, pecans (post harvest), fish
fillets. An exemption for the requirement of a tolerance will be pursued
by the Agency for these uses.
The provisions of the Food Drug and Cosmetic Act (21 CFR 173 Subpart D -
Specific Usage Additives) require the establishment of a food additive
regulation for calcium hypochlorite in sugar syrup and raw sugar. The Agency
has informed the appropriate registrants that a food additive regulation must
be obtained frcm the FDA for these uses to remain acceptable.
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CHAPTER III: REGISTRATION AND REREGISTRATION UNDER THIS STANDARD
A. Introduction
B. Registration under the General Registration Process
C. Reregistration under the General Registration Process
D. Registration and Reregistration of Products that are not
being Processed under the General Registration Process
E. Data Compensation
F. Amendments to this Standard
G. Compliance with an Amended Standard
H. Reporting Production under Section 7 FIFRA
A. Introduction
This chapter is intended to provide applicants with the procedures for
registering and reregistering products containing either calcium or sodium
hypochlorites as the sole active ingredient.
Section B provides the procedures to be followed for the registration of
all new products subject to the general registration process. Section C
provides the procedures for reregistering the existing products subject
to the general registration process. Section D provides the procedures
for registering or reregistering all other sole active ingredient sodium
or calcium hypochlorite products except those to be covered under Part II
of the standard. Section E discusses the data compensation implications
of registration and reregistration under this standard.
Section F provides procedures for amending the standard to expand the form-
ulations and uses of Hypochlorites beyond those approved in this standard.
Section G details the procedural requirements for expanding marketing under a
general registration certificate to include new formulations and uses approved
in an amended standard. Finally, Section H discusses the obligations of
registrants to report production under the provisions of FIFRA Section 7.
0 To register a new product using the general registration process, turn
to Section B of this chapter.
0 To reregister a currently registered product using the general regist-
ration process, turn to Section C of this chapter.
0 To register a new product outside of the general registration process,
turn to Section D of this chapter.
0 To reregister a current product outside of the general registration
process, turn to Section D of this chapter.
0 Applicants seeking to amend this standard should turn to Section F
of this chapter.
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All submissions for reregistrations must be sent to:
Product Manager 32
Disinfectants Branch
Registration Division (TS-767)
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
401 M Street, SW
Washington, D.C. 20460
(703) 557-3965
All submissions for new registrations must be sent to:
Process Coordination Branch
Registration Division (TS-767)
The United States Environmental Protection Agency
401 M Street, S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20460
(703) 557-7700
B. Registration under the Gteneral Registration Process
THIS SECTION IS ONLY APPLICABLE TO APPLICANTS SEEKING TO MARKET NEW SODIUM OR
CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE SOLE ACTIVE INGREDIENT PRODUCTS IN GROUP 1. ALL
PRODUCTS MEETING THIS TEST MAY BE REGISTERED UNDER THE GENERAL REGISTRATION
PROCESS. FOR A DISCUSSION OF THE GROUPINGS, SEE CHAPTER II, PAGE 5.
A single general registration application provides a separate registration for
each general formulation type and includes all acceptable uses for each formu-
lation, as specified in the; master labels. Registrants may market under labels
bearing all uses or selected uses without additional approval by the Agency.
Applicants for new registrations must:
0 obtain a company number from the Agency if none is currently assigned (See
Chapter IV),
0 obtain an establishment number from the Agency for the facilities where
the product(s) are to be manufactured (See Chapter IV),
0 notify all data submitters cited in Table 1 or Table 2 on pages 18 and 19,
as appropriate, that you will enter into negotiations to provide compen-
sation for data supporting your registrations to the extent required
in the footnote to the tables (See also Section E below).
0 submit separate general registration certification(s) for calcium
hypochlorite and/or sodium hypochlorite (See Chapter IV, Section J below),
0 submit finished printed labeling for each different product to be
marketed, prior to marketing^/
3/During this pilot effort, five copies of each finished printed
label must be submitted to the product manager specified above. Each
different label used must be submitted to the Agency. These labels must be
submitted to the Agency on or before the first shipment of products bearing the
new label. These labels will be used only to evaluate the pilot effort. No
premarket review and clearance of the labels will be performed by the Agency.
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0 submit a completed Confidential Statement of Formula (EPA Form 8570-4),
prior to marketing.^/
Based on the findings in this standard, the applicant is granted a final
general registration by the Agency under the provisions of FIFRA section
3(c){5), upon notification by theAgency of the approval. This general registra-
tion permits a registrant to distribute, sell, offer for sale, hold for sale,
ship, deliver for shipment, or receive and (having so received) deliver or offer
to deliver any product in compliance with the general registration provisions of
this standard.
If you do not comply with these conditions after the registrations are issued,
the registrations will be subject to cancellation in accordance with FIFRA
section 6{b)(1).
All certifications and other submissions must be sent to the addresses
specified in Section A of this chapter.
Proceed directly to Section B and the remaining sections of this chapter.
C. Reregistration under the General Registration Process
THIS SECTION IS ONLY APPLICABLE TO APPLICANTS SEEKING TO CONTINUE
MARKETING CURRENTLY REGISTERED CALCIUM OR SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE SOLE ACTIVE
INGREDIENT PRODUCTS IN GROUP 1. ALL PRODUCTS MEETING THIS TEST MAY BE
REGISTERED UNDER THE GENERAL REGISTRATION PROCESS. FOR A DISCUSSION OF
THE GROUPINGS, SEE CHAPTER II, PAGE 5.
This general registration application provides a separate registration for each
general formulation type and includes all acceptable uses for each formulation,
as specified in the master labels. Registrants may market their products under
labels bearing all uses or selected uses without additional approval by the
Agency.
Applicants with current registrations must:
0 notify all data submitters cited in Table 1 or Table 2, as appropriate, that
that you will enter into negotiations to provide compensation for data sup-
porting your registrations to the extent required in the footnote to the
tables (See also Section E below).
0 submit within 90 days, a separate general registration certification for
each different calcium hypochlorite and/or each different sodium
hypochlorite product (See Chapter IV, Section J below),
V A completed Confidential Statement of Formula (EPA Form 8570-4)
for each product must be submitted to the Agency. These completed forms
must be submitted to the Agency on or before the first shipment of products
using the new formula. The confidential statements of formula will be
reviewed over the life of the pilot effort to assess their value.
No premarket review and clearance of the Confidential Statements of
Formula will be performed prior to issuance of the registration.
13
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0 submit within 90 days, a crosswalk of old registration numbers and new
general registration numbers (See Chapter IV, Section J below),
0 submit a completed Confidential Statement of Formula (EPA Form 8570-4),
prior to market ing .V
0 submit new labels that comply with this standard within one year from the
date of publication of this standard, and thereafter, ship only under the
new labels.
If you do not comply with these conditions, the registration will be subject to
cancellation in accordance with FIFRA section 6(b)(l).
All certifications and other submissions must be sent to the addresses
specified in Section A of this chapter.
Products will be reregistered upon approval of the certification by the Agency.
D. Registration and ^r^istratic^^PitstieirQ Processed Under
under the General Registration Process
THIS SECTION IS ONLY APPLICABLE TO APPLICANTS SEEKING TO REGISTER OR REREGISTER
SODIUM OR CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE SOLE ACTIVE INGREDIENT PRODUCTS IN GROUP 2.
FDR A DISCUSSION OF THE GROUPINGS, SEE CHAPTER II, PAGE 5.
Applicants seeking to register a new product must;
0 obtain a company number from the Agency if none is currently assigned (See
Chapter IV),
0 obtain an establishment number from the Agency for the facilities where
the product (s) are to be manufactured (See Chapter IV),
0 submit a completed Application for Registration (EPA Form 8570-1),
0 submit a completed Confidential Statement of Formula (EPA Form 8570-4),
0 submit a certification Statement (EPA Form 8570-21) and an Offer-to-Pay
Statement (EPA Form 8570-23),
0 notify all data submitters cited in Table 1 or Table 2, as appropriate, that
you will enter into negotiations to provide compensation for data support-
ing your registrations to the extent required in the footnote to the
tables (See also Section E below).
0 identify the Toxicity Category proposed for the product, as indicated on
draft labeling to be submitted with the application. Finished printed
labeling must be submitted after the Agency has determined that the
claimed labeling is appropriate. ) ,
0 submit data according to the specifications of this Section.
14
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All forms may be obtained from either the Regional Offices of EPA or
Process Coordination Branch (TS-767), at EPA Headquarters, Registration
Division, Office of Pesticide Programs, 401 M Street, S.W., Washington,
D.C. 20460.
Turn directly to Subsection 1 "Required Testing", below, for testing
specifications.
Registrants seeking to reregister exisiting products must, within 90 days;
0 notify all data submitters cited in Table 1 or Table 2, as appropriate,
that you will enter into negotiations to provide compensation for data
supporting your registrations to the extent required in the footnote to
the tables (See also Section E below),
0 submit an agreement to submit the product chemistry and toxicity
data specified below, in Subsection 1, and for each product,
0 submit a completed Application for Amendment (EPA Form 8570-1),
0 submit a Confidential Statement of Formula (EPA Form 8570-4),
0 submit a Certification Statement (EPA Form 8570-21) and an Offer-to-
Pay Statement (EPA Form 8570-23),
Registrants seeking to reregister existing products must, within 9 months;
0 submit product chemistry and toxicology data according to the
specifications of this Section.
0 submit three copies of the label for the product proposed for re-
registration.
Finished printed labeling must be submitted after the Agency has determined
that the proposed labeling is appropriate.
All forms may be obtained from either the Regional Offices of EPA or Process
Coordination Branch (TS-791) at EPA Headquarters, Registration Division, Office
of Pesticide Programs, 401 M Street, S.W., Washington, D.C., 20460.
Registrants with products currently registered may continue to use their
existing labeling, until the Agency has evaluated the submitted studies,
and validated the previously approved label.
The Agency may suspend the registration of your product(s) containing sodium or
calcium hypochlorites unless, within the specified time, you have informed the
Agency how you will satisfy the requiretients of this standard. Any such
suspension under FIFRA section 3(c)(2)(B) will remain in effect until you have
complied with the terms of this standard. The effects of such a suspension,
issued under FIFRA section 3(c)(2)(B), are clearly different from those of
suspensions under FIFRA section 6. A section 3 suspension remains in effect
only while noncompliance continues. A section 6 suspension, on the other hand,
precedes cancellation proceedings.
15
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1. Required Testing for New Products
The following studies must te performed for products with other than Toxicity
Category I precautionary labeling. All studies must be conducted on the actual
product which will appear in the marketplace. Studies may not be conducted on a
product made specifically for these tests which will differ from the product
which will be marketed. These tests must be conducted on the actual product
which has been identified by a unique sample number. The same sample must be
used for all product chemistry and toxicitytests. The sample number must
appear in conjunction with the results from each test.
a. Product Chemistry Data
A completed Confidential Statement of Formula (EPA Form 8570-4) must be
submitted to the Agency. The results of the following tests must be submitted
to the Agency, in addition to the information requested in the directions for
the confidential statement of formula form: specific gravity, titration for
available chlorine, pH, and concentration of excess free alkali^/.
Products must also be tested for storage stability for a period of 60 days.
These products must be tested in the same type of container which will be used
in channels of trade. Storage conditions, such as temperature, humidity, expo-
sure, to sunlight, must be similar to the conditions typically experienced by
this product during shipping and storage. The following analysis must be
performed at day zero, day 30 and day 60 on products tested for storage
stability: specific gravity, titration for available chlorine, pH and concen-
tration of excess free alkali.
b. Toxicity Data
A primary eye irritation and a primary skin irritation study must be submitted
to the Agency for all products claiming a Toxicity Category other than I. The
toxicity tests must be conducted according to the proposed Guidelines (43 FR
37359-37361), except as modified below (46 FR 15105).
0 Eye irritation test will be evaluated and categories assigned based on a
21-day observation period. Reversibility of effects will be considered in
categorizing products for eye irritation. This policy modifies the previous
categorization criteria based on a 7-day observation period.
0 Dermal irritation testing will be conducted on intact skin only for a
period of 4 hours, or longer depending on certain conditions of expected
patterns of human use and exposure. This policy modifies the previous
Guidelines testing on intact and abraded skin for a period of 24 hours.
c. Physical/Chemical Hazard Data
Solid calcium hypochlorite products which claim less stringent physical/chemical
hazards than prescribed by the standard labels must submit data to justify such
claims. Registrants should submit a protocol for testing of the physical/chemical
hazard potential of their products if less stringent labeling is proposed. Regis-
trants are cautioned NOT to initiate testing until the Agency has reviewed and
approved the test protocol. Registrants should contact the Product Manager for
guidance.
j>/ Specific gravity, pH determination, and concentration of free alkali applies to
liquid calcium and sodium hypochlorite products only. Titration analysis applies
to both solid and liquid products
16
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2. Required Testing for Existing Products
All of the data specified in Section 1, above, must be submitted. However,
the Agency will consider on a case-by-case basis the use of previously sub-
mitted or bridging data that fullfil the intent of Section 1, above.
All submissions must be sent to the address specified in section A above.
E. Data Compensation
Section 3(c)(l){D)(ii) of FIFRA provides that with regard to data submitted
after December 31, 1969, by an applicant in support of an application, the
Administrator cannot consider such data in support of a second applicant's
application for fifteen years after the original submission without the second
applicant having made an offer to compensate the first submitter and submitted
such offer to the Administrator accompanied by evidence of delivery of the
offer to the original data submitter.
Paragraph 3(c)(2)(D) provides that "No Applicant for registration of a
pesticide who proposes to purchase a registered pesticide from another producer
in order to formulate such purchased pesticide into an end-use product shall be
required to - (i) submit or cite data pertaining to the safety of such
purchased product; or (ii) offer to pay reasonable compensation otherwise
provided for by paragraph (1)(D) of this subsection for the use of any such
data." This provision is ccnmonly refered to as the the "formulators1
exemption".
In addition the regulations implementing FIFRA provide for specific procedures
once a standard, such as this one, has been published (40 CFR 162.9-3). Of
special importance is subsection (c) which requires that after a standard is
completed every application must include an acknowledgement that the
application relies on all data which, according to the standard, supports the
registrability of each use for which registration is sought.
The primary source of data for this standard is published literature, which is
not conpensable. In two areas however, data was used which meets the criteria
specified above and is, therefore, potentially compensable.
The first area is ecological effects. The ecological effects data were
submitted after December 31, 1969, in support of an application. The data are
required for all registered uses of calcium or sodium hypochlorites.
Therefore, these data are potentially subject to the provisions of the
formulators1 exemption.
The second area of potentially compensable data is acute toxicity. These data
are required to determine the acute toxicity of the active ingredients in manu-
facturing-use products and as such are also potentially subject to compensation.
The Agency has further determined that the acute toxicity data required to
determine the toxicity of the active ingredients are sufficient and that no
additional data need be required to evaluate the toxicity of most individual
products. Therefore these data are also potentially subject to the formulators1
exemption.
17
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Applicants subject to the formulators' exemption, who must submit additional
studies, are not required to cite or offer to pay compensation for the
existing studies of the types they are submitting. This is not necessary
because the Agency has concluded that some of the existing studies of
the type being replaced are not relevent to their products. Tables 1 and 2
show the data that must be cited for each kind of product. They are required
to offer compensation for the studies which they do not repeat.
Current Agency policy exempts simple formulations of hypochlorites from
the product-by-product efficacy data requirements for sanitizers and
disinfectants. The Agency has determined that there is sufficient published
information on the efficacy of the available chlorine in the products to
support the omission of efficacy data review for these chemicals and,
thus, continue this exemption policy. The basis of this decision lay in
the characteristics and history of use of these chemicals and because
the labels specify dosages, which are measurable in the use dilutions by
readily available test kits for active chlorine. Thus, a waiver of efficacy
review for these chemicals will not significantly affect the public
health provided that label directions are properly followed by the applicator.
F. Amendments to this Standard
All new formulations outside currently accepted ranges and limits and/or uses
not specifically approved :.n this standard must be approved by the Agency prior
to marketing. The procedure for seeking such approval is by formal application
to amend this standard. After the standard is modified to expand the range of
accepted uses, registrants are permitted to market products labeled for such
uses under the revised standard subject to any limitations specified in the
amended standard. Applicants will be notified directly when an amendment is
accepted.
Applications for amendments to the standard should be submitted in the form of
a letter to the Agency. The letter should specify the part of the standard that
is proposed for modification, proposed text for modification and the
justification (including data, if appropriate). The letter should be sent to
the product manager at the address specified in Section B of this chapter.
G. Compliance with an Amended General Standard
When an amendment to the standard is accepted, all holders of general regist-
rations are free to modify existing labels or initiate, new products in
compliance with the revisions without notifying the Agency, as provided
in their general registration, provided they comply with any new requirements
of the amended standard. Whenever an amendment to the standard is granted on
the basis of potentially compensable data, all registrants seeking to add the
changes to their registrations will be required to submit an amended certifica-
tion. This amended certification will confirm the appropriate offers-to-pay
have been made. When the Agency initiates changes in existing labeling or
product composition limits, the amendment will specify the terms and conditions
of the change, including the schedule for compliance.
All new labels must be submitted to the Agency. These will not be used to
evaluate the application. They are needed by the Agency to evaluate the pilot
effort.
20
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As the standard is amended, registrants with registrations under previous
editions must comply with the newer amendments to the standard, in order to
continue to legally market their products. Compliance with an amended standard,
though, may require some action by a registrant (e.g. submission of data, reprint-
ing of labels to remove a disallowed use) or no action at all (e.g. when amend-
ments permit optional new uses where no compensation is involved).
Registrants will not be required to reprint their labels upon issuance of every
amendment to the standard. Rather, the Agency will require mandatory reprinting
of labels in only very limited circumstances (e.g. evidence of adverse effects,
revocation of tolerances, etc.). Generally, most amendments to the standard will
add versatility to their current registration(s) (new uses, tolerances, exemptions
from the requirement for a tolerance, etc.) and will allow, but not necessarily
require, reprinting of labels, provided the registrant complies with any new
provisions of the amended standard. Registrants should consult the Product Manager
for questions on reprinting of labels arising from an amended standard.
H. Reporting of Production under Section 7 of FIFRA
Section 7 of FIFRA and the regulations in 40 CFR 167.1 through 167.5 require
that all production volume of pesticides registered under this standard must be
reported to the Agency. Production volume is requested from individuals or
companies who are registered as establishments which produce a pesticide, as
opposed to an individual or company which has registered products. The production
volume is requested in this fashion because some registrants may not produce
their own pesticides, but have another individual or company produce their product.
Pesticide producers must report production volume within 30 days of its receipt
of its EPA Establishment Number and annually, thereafter. Generally, the production
volume reporting forms (EPA Form 3540-16) will automatically be mailed to all
producers with an EPA Establishment number. Producers are required to report
production annually, regardless of whether a pesticide is produced by the regist-
ered establishment. Registrants and applicants unfamiliar with reporting require-
ments should contact their EPA Regional Office for further details on reporting
of production under section 7 of FIFRA.
21
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Chapter IV: GUIDE FOR LABEL PREPARATION
A. General Information
B. Registration Numbers
C. Establishment Numbers
D. Product Name
E. Type Size Requirements
F. Storage and Disposal Statements
G. Use Directions
H. Standard Statement of Formula
I. Standard Master Labels
J. Sample Certification Statement
A. General Information
All calcium or sodium hypochlorite products subject to this standard must
comply with the labeling requirements specified in this Chapter. These
requirements are intended to assure that each label contains accurate,
complete and sufficient instructions and precautions which reflect the
scientific data for that product and its ingredients. These requirements
also incorporate terminology and label formatting which are sufficiently
standardized to avoid confusion to both the manufacturer and the user of the
product.
Certain labeling statements (e.g. signal word, child hazard statement and
ingredient statement) must appear at fixed locations on the label, a
concept known as Format Labeling. Format Labeling does, though, allow
discretionary placement of the first aid statement and all other precautionary
label statements, use directions and claims, provided a referral statement
(e.g. "See Additional Precautions on Side Panel" or "See Additional
Precautions on Back Panel") appears on the label. Applicants must customize
the standard labels for registration number, establishment number, product
name, type size, container disposal statement, and use directions as
specified in Sections B through G, respectively.
Section H provides standard labels for all existing formulations of
calcium or sodium hypochlorites as sole active ingredients. These labels
incorporate all of the format requirements.
Bulletins, leaflets, circulars, brochures, data sheets, flyers and other
graphic printed matter referenced on the label and/or distributed in connection
with the product are termed collateral labeling and also must be consistent
with this general standard.
Finally, applicants should note that while the standard specifies the
minimum label statements that must appear on the label, it does not forbid
the inclusion of nonpesticidally related text on the label. Applicants
are only prohibited from placing any other pesticidally-related language
on the label without prior Agency review and approval (through the process
of amending the standard - See Chapter III, Section F). If claims appear
on the label as nonpesticidal claims and are found by the Agency to be
pesticidally related, they are subject to the enforcement provisions of
FIFRA. The inclusion of pesticidally-related language on the label which
22
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has not been reviewed and approved by the Agency is a deviation from the
stipulated language of the standard and may subject the registrant to
the misbranding provisions of the FIFRA {section 12(a)(l)(E)). For the
purposes of this section, pesticidally-related language means all statements,
designs, or graphic representations relative to the products' use as a
pesticide. The term also applies to any statements, designs, or graphic
representations concerning the safety of the product or its ingredients
whether or not these claims are related to its pesticidal use.
B. Registration Numbers
The registration number assigned to the pesticide product must appear on the
label, preceded by the phrase "EPA Reg. No." or "EPA Registration No.". The
registration number must be set in type of a size and style similar to other
print on that part of the label on which it appears and must run parallel to
it. The registration number must not appear in such a manner as to suggest or
imply recommendation or endorsement of the product by the Agency (see 40 CFR
162.10).
The Agency has determined that its method for assigning this number will differ
for general registrations from the previous method. The registration number
has, in the past, been composed of two parts, a unique company number followed
by a unique product number. Under the new system, a company number will remain
unique, but all companies using the same standard label will use the same
product number. A list of standard labels and their corresponding product
numbers is presented in Section I of this chapter. In addition, the sample
labels show the correct product number.
All products not registered or reregistered the general registration process
will continue to use individual registration numbers.
C. Establishment Number
The EPA establishment number, preceded by "EPA Est.", is the final establish-
ment at which the product was produced, and may appear in any suitable location
on the label or immediate container. It must also appear on the wrapper or
outside container of the package if the EPA establishment number on the immediate
container cannot be clearly read through such wrapper or container (see
40 CFR 162.10).
New applicants must request an establishment number by completing EPA form
number 3540-8. If this form was not attached to this registration standard, it
may be obtained by phone request frcm either the Regional Offices of EPA or
Process Coordination Branch (TS-767), at EPA Headquarters, Registration
Division, Office of Pesticide Programs, 401 M Street, S.W., Washington, D.C.,
20460 at (703)-557-7700. The procedures for applying for the establishment
number are provided on the reverse of the form.
Applicants who will not produce their own product(s), but contract with another
company to manufacture product(s), need only obtain a company number by the
method outlined above. The producer who actually manufactures the product must,
however, comply with the provisions for obtaining an EPA establishment number
outlined above. An establishment number must appear on the product. The
establishment number which must appear on the product is that of the company
manufacturing the product.
23
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D. Product Name
The tqp center panel of the standard labels is reserved for the product name. A
product is misbranded if "it is an imitation of, or is offered for sale under
the name of another pesticide" FIFRA 2(q)(l)(C). In this context, Use of
the word "chlorine" alone or in combination with other wording in the
name or label text to describe products other than liquified chlorine is
misbranding of a product and a violation of section 2(q){l)(A) FIFRA, as
amended, and section 162.10(a}(5)(vii) of the regulations. All labels with such
wording must be corrected in accordance with the timetable for submission of
labels specified in this standard.
The following examples are considered acceptable alternatives:
UNACCEPTABLE ACCEPTABLE
Dry Chlorine
Liquid Chlorine
Dry Granular Chlorine
Chlorine Tablets
Dry Chlorinating {Chemical, Compound,
or Product)
Liquid Chlorinating (Chemical, Compound,
or Product)
Dry Granular Chlorinating (Chemical,
Powder or Product)
Chlorinating Tablets
Any product failing to satisfy the above requirements within the timetables
established in this standard (See Section C and D in Chapter III) will be
considered misbranded and subject to enforcement proceedings.
E. Type Size Requirements
The signal word and the statement, "Keep out of reach of children", must appear
on the front panel in accordance with the type size requirements prescribed below
(see 40 CFR 162.10). Labeling regulations now being drafted require a minimum
8 point (3 mm) type size for all print on a label. When the final guidelines
are published, the below list may be modified accordingly.
Size of Label
on Front Panel
in Square Inches
Signal Word As
Required Minimum
Type Size All Capitals
"Keep out of
Reach of Children"
As Required
5 and under
above 5 to 10
above 10 to 15
above 15 to 30
over 30
6 point
10 point
12 point
14 point
18 point
6 point
6 point
8 point
10 point
12 point
24
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F. Storage and Disposal Statements
All labels are required to bear storage and disposal statements. These
statements are developed for specific containers, sizes, and chemical content.
These instructions must be grouped and appear under the heading STORAGE AND
DISPOSAL in the directions for use. This heading must be set in the same type
size as required for the child hazard warning. Registrants should note that
minor modifications of the following statements are permitted to tailor
the statements to a particular type of container used by the manufacturer.
Manufacturers are required to use the storage and disposal statements on the
standard labels in this standard for all solid and liquid products,
except as specified below.
Manufacturing-Use Products
Manufacturers of hypochlorite manufacturing-use products who register under
this standard must include the following statements on their labels,
under the heading of STORAGE AND DISPOSAL.
Store this product in a cool dry area, away from direct
sunlight and heat to avoid deterioration. In case of spill,
flood areas with large quantities of water. Product or
rinsates that cannot be used should be diluted with water
before disposal in a sanitary sewer. Do not contaminate food
or feed by storage, disposal or cleaning of equipment.
Large metal containers should be rinsed thoroughly with
water and returned to manufacturer for reconditioning or
discarded in an approved landfill. Large storage containers
should be thoroughly washed with water before reuse.
End-Use Products
The following statements are appropriate for all liquid end-use products
containing either calcium or sodium hypochlorite registered under this standard.
Store this product in a cool dry area, away from direct
sunlight and heat to avoid deterioration. In case of spill,
flood areas with large quantities of water. Product or
rinsates that cannot be used should be diluted with water
before disposal in a sanitary sewer. Do not contaminate food
or feed by storage, disposal or cleaning of equipment.
Manufacturers of liquid hypochlorite end-use products must include the follow-
ing statements on their label, under the heading of STORAGE AND DISPOSAL.
Modifications of this statement are permitted to tailor this statement to a
particular type of container used by the manufacturer.
Rinse empty container thoroughly with water and either
return to manufacturer or discard by placing this container
in trash collection or burying in an approved landfill.
25
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G. Use Directions
The standard labels presented in Section I specify the full range of use
directions currently accepted for a formulation. Applicants may delete, but not
add, whole uses fron these labels.
Applicants seeking to market for new uses must apply to amend the standard
using the procedures outlined in Chapter III. New uses cannot be incorporated
into a label until notification that the change is acceptable and the
standard has been amended.
The standard labels are intended to serve a range of actual percentages of
active ingredient. The ranges of active ingredient are specified in a list at
Section H. The use dilutions in the directions of the standard labels are
specific for the percentages of A.I. for that particular label. Registrants
with products containing different concentrations of A.I. must adjust the
dosages with the following formula:
OZ. OF PRODUCT = ppm avail, chlorine x # gal, water x 128 oz./gal.
% A.I. x 10,000
EXAMPLE: 128 oz. = 500 X 100 x 128
5.00 x 10,000
H. Standard Statement of Formula
Products marketed under a general registration must have a formula consistent
with the following standard formulae:
1. Calcium Hypochlorite
a. Solid Products Up to 70 Percent Active Ingredient (-20001)
Ingredient
Active Ingredient
Calcium Hypochlorite
Inert Ingredients
Calcium Hydroxide
Sodium or Calcium Carbonate
Sodium or Calcium Bicarbonate
Sodium or Calcium Sulfate
Sodium or Calcium Chloride
Binders/Mold release
agents (for tablets)
Water
Range of Percentages
Up to 75.0
Up to 10.0
Up to 65.0
Up to 5.0
Up to 10.0
26
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b. Liquid Products Up to 12.5 Percent Active Ingredient (-20002)
Ingredient Range of Percentages
Active Ingredients
Calcium Hypochlorite
Inert Ingredients
Water
Calcium Hydroxide
Calcium Carbonate
Calcium Chloride
Other Inorganic Salts
Up to 15.60
Up to 84.40
Up to 2.0
0.5
Up to
Up to
Up to
0
0.5
2. Sodium Hypochlorite Up to 12.5 Percent Active Ingredient (-20003)
Ingredient Range of Percentages
Active Ingredient
Sodium Hypochlorite
Inert Ingredients
Water
Sodium Hydroxide
Sodium Carbonate
Sodium Chloride
Other Inorganic Salts
Up to 15.60
Up to 84.40
Up to 2.0
Up to 0.5
Up to 12.5
Up to 0.5
All inert ingredients must of a purity which is suitable for its intended
use for products bearing directions for use on food, food contact surfaces,
drinking water, swimning pool water, hydrotherapy/spa/hot tub water,
hubbard/immersion bath water.
Perfumes and detergents are inappropriate in swimming pool products.
I. Standard Master Labels
1. Introduct ion
This section provides sample labels for all currently acceptable pesticide
products containing sodium or calcium hypochlorite as the sole active
ingredient.
All products must bear labeling consistent with these standard labels in both
content and format. The labels must be customized by individual applicants as
specified in Sections B through F of this Appendix. It is very important to
note that the use directions in the standard labels have been tailored to the
two widely used percent A.I.'s: 70 and 12.5. Products with a percent
A.I. which differs from that used in a standard label must calculate the
correct dosage (see Section G, Chapter IV) to obtain the required parts per
million (ppm) of available chlorine.
27
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2. List of Labels
The current list of standard labels for calcium or sodium hypochlorite as sole
active ingredients is presented in Table 3, followed by all of the labels
listed in the Table. Applicants with products that fall within specifications
stated in Table 3 should go directly to the label at the referenced page number.
3. Labeling Flexibility
Applicants are advised that the label directions which follow Table 3
are generic in nature and are not intended to list every specific registered
site of these chemicals. The label directions are written in this fashion
because many apparently dissimilar sites can be functionally identified
as part of a larger single group. For example, a generic site such as
non-porous hard surfaces includes a multiplicity of specific surfaces
(tile floors and walls, sinks, toilet bowls, etc.) that fall under this
generic classification but are too numerous to list in a single label
(See Chapter II, Section E).
In the interests of flexibility, the Agency will permit manufacturers to
alter use directions to indicate the specific surfaces that will be
treated with their product. Thus, the applicant and registrant is
permitted to alter the use directions of the master standard labels in
two ways: (1) alter the dosages to allow for a product that differs in
concentration from the standard label and (2) add specific surfaces to
be treated. You should contact the Product Manager if questions arise
about the directions for use.
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TABLE 3
INDEX TO AND DESCRIPTION OF STANDARD LABELS
PRODUCT # CHEMICAL % A.I. FORM
TOX.CAT.
PAGE
End-Use Products
-20001 Calcium Hypochlorite Up to 70 Solid I 30
-20002 Calcium Hypochlorite Up to 12.5 Liquid I 46
-20003 Sodium Hypochlorite Up to 12.5 Liquid I 62
Manufacturing-Use Products
-20004 Calcium Hypochlorite Up to 70 Solid I 77
-20005 Calcium Hypochlorite Up to 12.5 Liquid I 80
-20006 Sodium Hypochlorite Up to 12.5 Liquid I 83
29
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PRODUCT NAME
ACTIVE INGREDIENT:
Calcium Hypochlorite .70%
INERT INGREDIENTS: 35%
KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN
DANGER
STATEMENT OF PRACTICAL TREATMENT (FIRST AID)6/
IF CONTACT WITH EYES OCCURS, flush with cold water for at least 15 minutes. Get
medical attention.
IF CONTACT WITH SKIN, brush off excess chemical and flush skin with cold water
for at least 15 minutes. If irritation persists, get medical attention.
IF SWALLOWED, feed bread soaked in milk, followed by olive oil or cooking oil.
DO NOT induce vomiting. Call a physician iitmediately.
(See additional precautions on side panel.)
Manufactured by:
ABC Chemical Corporation
P.O. Box 99
New York, New York
99999
EPA REG NO. 10237-20001
NET CONTENTS:
EPA EST 10237-KS-l
6/ It is only suggested that First Aid statements be placed on the front panel.
If placed on another panel (e.g. the back panel), the label must have the referral
statement, "See other precautions on back panel".
30
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PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS
HAZARDS TO HUMANS AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS
DANGER: Highly corrosive. Causes skin and eye damage. May be fatal if
swallowed. Do not get in eyes, on skin or on clothing. Wear goggles or
safety glasses and rubber gloves when handling this product. Irritating
to nose and throat. Avoid breathing dust. Remove and wash contaminated
clothing before reuse.
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
This product is toxic to fish. Do not discharge into lakes, streams, ponds or
public waterways unless in accordance with a NPDES permit. For guidance,
contact the regional office of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL HAZARDS
STRONG OXIDIZING A3ENT: Mix only with water. Use clean dry utensils. Do
not add this product to any dispensing devise containing remnents of any
other product. Such use may cause a violent reaction leading to fire or
explosion. Contamination with moisture, organic matter or other chemicals
will start a chemical reaction and generate heat, chlorine gas (and
possible fire and explosion). In case of contamination or decomposition,
do not reseal container. If possible, isolate container in open air or
well ventilated area. Flood area with large volumes of water, if necessary.
31
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DIRECTIONS FOR USE
It is a violation of federal law to use this product in a manner inconsistent
with its labeling.
STORAGE AND DISPOSAL
Keep this product dry in a tightly closed container, when not in use. Store
in a cool, dry, well ventilated area away fron heat or open flame. In case
of decomposition, isolate container (if possible) and flood area with large
amounts of water to dissolve all material before discarding this container.
Do not reuse empty container but place in trash collection. Do not
contaminate food or feed by storage, disposal, or cleaning of equipment.
SWIMMING POOL WATER DISINFECTION
For a new pool or spring start-up, superchlorinate with 10 to 20 oz. of product
for each 10,000 gallons of water to yield 5 to 10 ppm available chlorine
by weight. Check the level of available chlorine with a test kit. Adjust
and maintain pool water pH to between 7.2 to 7.6. Adjust and maintain
the alkalinity of the pool to between 50 to 100 ppn.
To maintain the pool, add manually or by a feeder device 2 oz. of this product
for each 10,000 gallons of water to yield an available chlorine residual
between 0.6 to 1.0 ppm by weight. Stabilized pools should maintain a residual
of 1.0 to 1.5 ppm available chlorine. Test the pH, available chlorine residual
and alkalinity of the water frequently with appropriate test kits. Frequency of
water treatment will depend upon temperature and number of swimmers.
Every 7 days, or as necessary, superchlorinate the pool with 10 to 20 oz. of
product for each 10,000 gallons of water to yield 5 to 10 ppm available chlorine
by weight. Check the level of available chlorine with a test kit. Do not reenter
pool until the chlorine residual is between 1.0 to 3.0 ppm.
At the end of the swimming peel season or when water is to be drained from the
pool, chlorine must be allowed to dissipate from treated pool water before
discharge. Do not chlorinate the pool within 24 hours prior to discharge.
WINTERIZING POOLS - While water is still clear & clean, apply 0.6 oz. of product
per 1000 gallons, while filter is running, to obtain a 3 ppm available chlorine
residual, as detemined by a suitable test kit. Cover pool, prepare heater, filter
and heater components for winter by following manufacturers' instructions.
SPAS, HOT-TUBS, IMMERSION TANKS, ETC.
SPAS/HOT-TUBS - Apply 0.5 oz. of product per 500 gallons of water to obtain a free
available chlorine concentration of 5 ppm, as determined by a suitable chlorine
test kit. Adjust and maintain pool water pH to between 7.2 and 7.8. Some oils,
lotions, fragrances, cleaners, etc. may cause foaming or cloudy water as well as
reduce the efficiency of the product.
To maintain the water, apply 0.5 oz. of product per 500 gallons of water over the
surface to maintain a chlorine concentration of 5 ppm.
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After each use, shock treat with 1.5 oz. of this product per 500 gallons of water
to control odor and algae.
During extended periods of disuse, add 1.5 oz. of product daily per 500 gallons
of water to maintain a 3 ppm chlorine concentration.
HUBBARD AND IMMERSION TANKS - Add 0.5 oz. of this product per 100 gallons of water
before patient use to obtain a chlorine residual of 25 ppm, as determined by a
suitable test kit. Adjust and maintain the water pH to between 7.2 and 7.6. After
each use drain the tank. Add 0.5 oz. to a bucket of water and circulate this solution
through the agitator of the tank for 15 minutes and then rinse out the solution.
Clean tank thoroughly and dry with clean cloths.
HYDROTHERAPY TANKS - Add 1 oz. of this product per 1000 gallons of water to
obtain a chlorine residual of 1 ppm, as determined by a suitable chlorine test
kit. Pool should not be entered until the chlorine residual is below 3 ppm. Adjust
and maintain the water pH to between 7.2 and 7.6. Operate pool filter continuously.
Drain pool weekly, and clean before refilling.
SANITIZATION OF NONPOROUS POOD CONTACT SURFACES
RINSE METHOD - A solution of 100 ppm available chlorine may be used in the
sanitizing solution if a chlorine test kit is available. Solutions containing
an initial concentration of 100 ppn available chlorine must be tested and
adjusted periodically to insure that the available chlorine does not drop below
50 ppm. Prepare a 100 ppm sanitizing solution by thoroughly mixing 1 oz. of this
product with 40 gallons of water. If no test kit is available, prepare a sanit-
izing solution by throughly mixing 1 oz. of this product with 20 gallons of
water to provide approximately 200 ppm available chlorine by weight.
Clean equipment surfaces in the normal manner. Prior to use, rinse all surfaces
thoroughly with the sanitizing solution, maintaining contact with the sanitizer
for at least 2 minutes. If solution contains less than 50 ppm available
chlorine, as determined by a suitable test kit, either discard the solution or
add sufficient product to reestablish a 200 ppm residual. Do not rinse
equipment with water after treatment and do not soak equipment overnight.
Sanitizers used in automated systems may be used for general cleaning but may
not be re-used for sanitizing purposes.
IMMERSION METHOD - A solution of 100 ppm available chlorine may be used in the
sanitizing solution if a chlorine test kit is available. Solutions containing
an initial concentration of 100 ppm available chlorine must be tested and
adjusted periodically to insure that the available chlorine does not drop below
50 ppm. Prepare a 100 ppm sanitizing solution by thoroughly mixing 1 oz. of
this product with 40 gallons of water. If no test kit is available, prepare a
sanitizing solution by throughly mixing 1 oz. of this product with 20 gallons
of water to provide approximately 200 ppm available chlorine by weight.
Clean equipment in the normal manner. Prior to use, immerse equipment in the
sanitizing solution for at least 2 minutes and allow the sanitizer to drain. If
solution contains less than 50 ppm available chlorine, as determined by a
33
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suitable test kit, either discard the solution or add sufficient product to
reestablish a 200 ppm residual. Do not rinse equipment with water after
treatment.
Sanitizers used in automated systems may be used for general cleaning but may
not be re-used for sanitizing purposes.
FLOW/PRESSURE METHOD - Disassemble equipment and throughly clean after use.
Assemble equipment in operating position prior to use. Prepare a volume of a
200 ppm available chlorine sanitizing solution equal to 110 % of volume
capacity of the equipment by mixing the product in a ratio of 1 oz. product
with 20 gallons of water. Pump solution through the system until full flow is
obtained at all extremities, the system is completely filled with the sanitizer
and all air is removed frcm the system. Close drain valves and hold under
pressure for at least 2 minutes to insure contact with all internal surfaces.
Remove some cleaning solution from drain valve and test with a chlorine test
kit. Repeat entire cleaning/sanitizing process if effluent contains less than
50 ppm available chlorine. Rinse system with potable water prior to use.
CLEAN-IN-PIACE METHOD - Throughly clean equipnent after use. Prepare a volume
of a 200 ppm available chlorine sanitizing solution equal to 110 % of volume
capacity of the equipment by mixing the product in a ratio of 1 oz. product
with 20 gallons of water. Pump solution through the system until full flow is
obtained at all extremities, the system is completely filled with the sanitizer
and all air is removed frcm the system. Close drain valves and hold under
pressure for at least 10 minutes to insure contact with all internal surfaces.
Remove some cleaning solution from drain valve and test with a chlorine test
kit. Repeat entire cleaning/sanitizing process if effluent contains less than
50 ppm available chlorine. Rinse system with potable water prior to use.
SPRAY/FOG METHOD - Preclean all surfaces after use. Use a 200 ppm available
chlorine solution to control bacteria, mold or fungi and a 600 ppm solution to
control bacteriophage. Prepare a 200 ppn sanitizing solution of sufficient size
by throuoghly mixing the product in a ratio of 1 oz. product with 20 gallons of
water. Prepare a 600 ppm solution by thoroughly mixing the product in a ratio
of 3 oz. product with 20 gallons of water. Use spray or fogging equipment
which can resist hypochlorite solutions. Always empty and rinse spray/fog
equipment with potable water after use. Throughly spray or fog all sufaces
until wet, allowing excess sanitizer to drain. Vacate area for at least 2
hours. Prior to using equipment, rinse all surfaces treated with a 600 ppm
solution with a 200 ppm solution.
SANITIZATION OF POROUS POOD CONTACT SURFACES
RINSE METHOD - Prepare a sanitizing solution by throughly mixing 3 oz. of this
product with 20 gallons of water to provide approximately 600 ppm available
chlorine by weight. Clean surfaces in the normal manner. Prior to use, rinse
all surfaces thoroughly with the sanitizing solution, maintaining contact with
the sanitizer for at least 2 minutes. Rinse equipnient with water after
treatment and do not soak equipment overnight.
IMMERSION METHOD - Prepare a sanitizing solution by throughly mixing, in an
immersion tank, 3 oz. of this product with 20 gallons of water to provide
approximately 600 ppn available chlorine by weight. Clean equipnient in the
34
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normal manner. Prior to use, immerse equipment in the sanitizing solution for
at least 2 minutes and allow the sanitizer to drain. Rinse equipment with water
after treatment.
SPRAY/FOG METHOD - Preclean all surfaces after use. Prepare a 600 ppm available
chlorine sanitizing solution of sufficient size by throuoghly mixing the
product in a ratio of 3 oz. product with 20 gallons of water. Use spray or
fogging equipment which can resist hypochlorite solutions. Always empty and
rinse spray/fog equipment with potable water after use. Throughly spray or fog
all sufaces until wet, allowing excess sanitizer to drain. Vacate area for at
least 2 hours. Prior to using equipment, rinse all surfaces with a 200 ppm
available chlorine solution. Prepare a 200 ppm sanitizing solution by thoroughly
mixing 1 oz. of this product with 20 gallons of water.
SANITIZATION OF NONPORQUS NON-POOD CONTACT SURFACES
RINSE METHOD - Prepare a sanitizing solution by throughly mixing 1 oz. of this
product with 20 gallons of water to provide approximately 200 ppm available
chlorine by weight. Clean equipment surfaces in the normal manner. Prior to
use, rinse all surfaces thoroughly with the sanitizing solution, maintaining
contact with the sanitizer for at least 2 minutes. Do not rinse equipment with
water after treatment and do not soak equipment overnight.
IMMERSION METHOD - Prepare a sanitizing solution by throughly mixing, in an
immersion tank, 1 oz. of this product with 20 gallons of water to provide
approximately 200 ppm available chlorine by weight. Clean equipment in the
normal manner. Prior to use, immerse equipment in the sanitizing solution for
at least 2 minutes and allow the sanitizer to drain. Do not rinse equipment
with water after treatment.
SPRAY/FOG METHOD - Preclean all surfaces after use. Prepare a 200 ppm available
chlorine sanitizing solution of sufficient size by throuoghly mixing the
product in a ratio of 1 oz. product with 20 gallons of water. Use spray or
fogging equipment which can resist hypochlorite solutions, prior to using
equipment, throughly spray or fog all sufaces until wet, allowing excess
sanitizer to drain. Vacate area for at least 2 hours.
DISINFECTION OF NONPOROUS NON-FOOD CONTACT SURFACES
RINSE METHOD - Prepare a disinfecting solution by throughly mixing 3 oz. of
this product with 20 gallons of water to provide approximately 600 ppm
available chlorine by weight. Clean equipment surfaces in the normal manner.
Prior to use, rinse all surfaces thoroughly with the disinfecting solution,
maintaining contact with the solution for at least 10 minutes. Do not rinse
equipment with water after treatment and do not soak equipment overnight.
IMMERSION METHOD - Prepare a disinfecting solution by throughly mixing, in an
immersion tank, 3 oz. of this product with 20 gallons of water to provide
approximately 600 ppm available chlorine by weight. Clean equipment in the
normal manner. Prior to use, immerse equipment in the disinfecting solution for
at least 10 minutes and allow the sanitizer to drain. Do not rinse equipment
with water after treatment.
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SANITIZATION OF POROUS NON-POOD CONTACT SURFACES
RINSE METHOD - Prepare a sanitizing solution by throughly mixing 3 oz. of this
product with 20 gallons of water to provide approximately 600 ppn available
chlorine by weight. Clean surfaces in the normal manner. Prior to use, rinse
all surfaces thoroughly with the sanitizing solution, maintaining contact with
the sanitizer for at least 2 minutes. Do not rinse equipment with water after
treatment and do not soak equipment overnight.
IMMERSION METHOD - Prepare a sanitizing solution by throughly mixing, in an
immersion tank, 3 oz. of this product with 20 gallons of water to provide
approximately 600 ppm available chlorine by weight. Clean equipment in the
normal manner. Prior to use, immerse equipment in the sanitizing solution for
at least 2 minutes and allow the sanitizer to drain. Do not rinse equipment
with water after treatment.
SPRAY/FOG METHOD - After cleaning, sanitize non-food contact surfaces with 600
ppn\ available chlorine by throuoghly mixing the product in a ratio of 3 oz. of
this product with 20 gallons of water. Use spray or fogging equipment which can
resist hypochlorite solutions. Always empty and rinse spray/fog equipment with
potable water after use. prior to using equipment, throughly spray or fog all
sufaces until wet, allowing excess sanitizer to drain, vacate area for at least
2 hours.
SEWAGE & WASTEWVTER EFFLUENT TREATMENT
The disinfection of sewage effluent must be evaluated by determining the total
number of coliform bacteria and/or fecal coliform bacteria, as determined by
the Most Probable Number (MPN) procedure, of the chlorinated effluent has been
reduced to or below the maximum permited by the controlling regulatory
jurisdiction.
On the average, satisfactroy disinfection of secondary wastewater effluent can
be obtained when the chlorine residual is 0.5 ppm after 15 minutes contact.
Although the chlorine residual is the critical critical factor in disinfection,
the importance of correlating chlorine residual with bacterial kill must be
emphasized. The MPN of the effluent, which is directly related to the water
quality standards requirements, should be the final and primary standard and
the chlorine residual should be considered an operating standard valid only to
the extent verified by the coliform quality of the effluent.
The following are critical factors affecting wastewater disinfection.
1. Mixing: it is imperative that the product and the wastewater be
instantaneously and ccmpletly flash mixed to assure reaction with
every chemically active soluble and particulate component of the
wastewater.
2. Contacting: Upon flash mixing, the flow through the system must be
maintained.
3. Dosage/Residual Control: Successful disinfection is extremely
dependent on response to fluctuating chlorine demand to maintain a
predetermined, desirable chlorine level. Secondary effluent should
36
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contain 0.2 to 1.0 ppn chlorine residual after a 15 to 30 minute
contact time. A reasonable average of residual chlorine is 0.5 ppm
after 15 minutes contact time.
SEWAGE AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT
EFFLUENT SLIME CONTROL - Apply a 100 to 1000 ppm available chlorine solution at a
location which will allow complete mixing. Prepare this solution by mixing 2 to 20
oz. of this product with 100 gallons of water. Once control is evident, apply a 15
ppm available chlorine solution. Prepare this solution by mixing 0.3 oz. of this
product with 100 gallons of water.
FILTER BEDS - SLIME CONTROL: Remove filter from service, drain to a depth of 1 ft.
above filter sand, and add 16 oz. of product per 20 sq/ft evenly over the surface.
Wait 30 minutes before draining water to a level that is even with the top of the
filter. Wait for 4 to 6 hours before conpletely draining and backwashing filter.
DISINFECTION OF DRINKING WATER (EMERGENCY/PUBLIC/INDIVIDUAL SYSTEMS)
PUBLIC SYSTEMS: Mix a ratio of 1 oz. of this product to 6000 gallons of water.
Begin feeding this solution with a hypochlorinator until a free available
chlorine residual of at least 0.2 ppn and no more than 0.6 ppm is attained
throughout the distribution system. Check water frequently with a chlorine test
kit. Bacteriological sampling must be conducted at a frequency no less than
that prescribed by the National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations.
Contact your local Health Department for further details.
INDIVIDUAL SYSTEMS: - DUG WELLS Upon completion of the casing (lining) wash the
interior of the casing (lining) with a 100 ppm available chlorine solution
using a stiff brush. This solution can be made by throughly mixing 1 oz. of
this product into 40 gallons of water. After covering the well, pour the
sanitizing solution into the well through both the pipesleeve opening and the
pipeline. Wash the exterior of the pump cylinder also with the sanitizing
solution. Start pump and pump water until strong odor of chlorine in water is
noted. Stop pump and wait at least 24 hours. After 24 hours flush well until
all traces of chlorine have been removed from the water. Contact your local
Health Department for further details.
INDIVIDUAL WATER SYSTEMS: DRILLED, DRIVEN & BORED WELLS - Run pump until water
water is as free frcm turbity as possible. Pour a 100 ppm available chlorine
sanitizing solution into the well. This solution can be made by throughly
mixing 1 oz. of this product into 40 gallons of water. Add 5 to 10 gallons
of clean, chlorinted water to the well in order to force the sainizer into
the rock formation. Wash the exterior of pump cylinder with the sanitizer.
Drop pipeline into well, start pump and pump water until strong odor
of chlorine in water is noted. Stop pump and wait at least 24 hours. After 24
hours flush well until all traces of chlorine have been removed from the
water. Deep wells with high water levels may necessitate the use of special
methods for introduction of the sanitizer into the well. Consult your local
Health Department for further details.
INDIVIDUAL WATER SYSTEMS: FLOWING ARTESIAN WELLS Artesian wells generally
do not require disinfection. If analyses indicate persistant contamination,
the well should be disinfected. Consult your local Health Department for
further details.
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EMERGENCY DISINFECTION - When boiling of water for 1 minute is not practical,
water can be made potable by using this product. Prior to addition of the
sanitizer, remove all suspended material by filtration or by allowing it to
settle to the bottom. Decant the clarified, contaminated water to a clean
container and add 1 grain of this product to 1 gallon of water. One grain is
approximately the size of the letter "0" in this sentence. Allow the treated
water to stand for 30 minutes. Properly treated water should have a slight
chlorine odor, if not, repeat dosage and allow the water to stand an addition-
al 15 minutes. The treated water can then be made palatable by pouring it
between clean containers for several times.
PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS
RESERVOIRS - ALGAE CONTROL: Hypochlorinate streams feeding the reservoir. Suitable
feeding points should be selected on each stream at least 50 yards upstream from
the points of entry into the reservoir.
MAINS - Thoroughly flush section to be sanitized by discharging from hydrants.
Permit a water flow of at least 2.5 feet per minute to continue under pressure
while injecting this product by means of a hypochlorinator. Stop water flow when a
chlorine residual test of 50 ppm is obtained at the low pressure end of the new
main section after a 24 hour retention time. When chlorination is completed, the
system must be flushed free of all heavily chlorinated water.
NEW TANKS, BASINS, ETC. - Remove all physical soil from surfaces. Place 4 oz. of
this product for each 5 cubic feet of working capacity (500 ppn available chlorine.
Fill to working capacity and allow to stand for at least 4 hours. Drain and flush
with potable water and return to surface.
NEW FILTER SAND - Apply 16 oz. of this product for each 150 to 200 cubic feet of
sand. The action of the product dissolving as the water passes through the bed will
aid in sanitizing the new sand.
NEW WELLS - Flush the casing with a 50 ppm available chlorine solution of water
containing 1 oz. of this product for each 100 gallons of water. The solution
should be pumped or fed by gravity into the well after thorough mixing with agitation.
The well should stand for several hours or overnight under chlorination. It may
then be pumped until a representative raw water sample is obtained. Bacterial
examination of the water will indicate whether further treatment is necessary.
EXISTING EQUIPMENT - Remove equipment from service, thoroughly clean surfaces of
all physical soil. Sanitize by placing 4 oz. of this product for each 5 cubic feet
capacity (approximately 500 ppm available chlorine). Fill to working capacity and
let stand at least 4 hours. Drain and place in service, if the previous treatment
is not practical, surfaces may be sprayed with a solution containing 1 oz. of this
product for each 5 gallons of water (approximately 1000 ppm available chlorine).
After drying, flush with water and return to service.
EMERGENCY DISINFECTION AFTER FLOODS
WELLS - Thoroughly flush contaminated casing with a 500 ppm available chlorine
solution. Prepare this solution by mixing 1 oz. of this product with 10 gallons of
water. Backwash the well to increase yield and reduce turbidity, adding sufficient
38
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chlorinating solution to the backwash to produce a 10 ppm available chlorine
residual, as determined by a chlorine test kit. After the turbididty has been
reduced and the casing has been treated, add sufficient chlorinating solution to
produce a 50 ppm available chlorine residual. Aggitate the well water for several
hours and take a representative water sample. Retreat well if water samples are
biologically unacceptable.
RESERVOIRS - In case of contamination by overflowing streams, establish
hypochlorinating stations upstream of the reservior. Chlorinate the inlet water
until the entire reservior obtains a 0.2 ppm available chlorine residual, as
determined by a suitable chlorine test kit. In case of contamination from surface
drainage, apply sufficient product directly to the reservior to obtain a 0.2 ppm
available chlorine residual in all parts of the reservior.
BASINS, TANKS, FLUMES, ETC. - Thoroughly clean all equipment, then apply 4 oz.
of product per 5 cu. ft. of water to obtain 500 ppm available chlorine, as
determined by a suitable test kit. After 24 hours drain, flush, and return to
service. If the previous method is not suitable, spray or flush the equipment with
a solution containing 1 oz. of this product for each 5 gallons of water (1000 ppm
available chlorine). Allow to stand for 2 to 4 hours, flush and return to service.
FILTERS - When the sand filter needs replacement, apply 16 oz. of this product for
each 150 to 200 cubic feet of sand. When the filter is severely contaminated,
additional product should be distributed over the surface at the rate of 16 oz. per
20 sq. ft.. Water should stand at a depth of 1 foot above the surface of the
filter bed for 4 to 24 hours. When filter beds can be backwashed of mud and silt,
apply 16 oz. of this product per each 50 sq. ft., allowing the water to stand at a
depth of 1 foot above the filter sand. After 30 minutes, drain water to the level
of the filter. After 4 to 6 hours drain, and proceed with normal backwashing.
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM - Flush repaired or replaced section with water. Establish a
hypochlorinating station and apply sufficient product until a consistent available
chlorine residual of at least 10 ppm remains after a 24 hour retention time. Use
a chlorine test kit.
EMERGENCY DISINFECTION AFTER FIRES
CROSS CONNECTIONS OR EMERGENCY CONNECTIONS - Hypochlorination or gravity feed
equipment should be set up near the intake of the untreated water supply. Apply
sufficient product to give a chlorine residual of at least 0.1 to 0.2 ppm at the
point where the untreated supply enters the regular distribution system. Use a
chlorine test kit.
EMERGENCY DISINFECTION AFTER DROUGHTS
SUPPLEMENTARY WATER SUPPLIES - Gravity or mechanical hypochlorite feeders should be
set up on a supplementary line to dose the water to a minimum chlorine residual
of 0.2 ppm after a 20 minute contact time. Use a chlorine test kit.
WATER SHIPPED IN BY TANKS, TANK CARS, TRUCKS, ETC. - Thoroughly clean all containers
and equipment. Spray a 500 ppm available chlorine solution and rinse with potable
water after 5 minutes. This solution is made by mixing 1 oz. of this product for
each 5 gallons of water. During the filling of the containers, dose with sufficient
amounts of this product to provide at least a 0.2 ppm chlorine residual, use a
chlorine test kit.
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EMERGENCY DISINFECTION AFTER MAIN BREAKS
MAINS - Before assembly of the repaired section, flush out mud and soil. Permit a
water flow of at least 2.5 feet per minute to continue under pressure while inject-
ing this product by means of a hypochlorinator. Stop water flow when a chlorine
residual test of 50 ppm is obtained at the low pressure end of the new main section
after a 24 hour retention time. When chlorination is completed, the system must be
flushed free of all heavily chlorinated water.
COOLING TOWER/EVAPORATIVE CONDENSER WATER
SLUG FEED METHOD - Initial Dose: When system is noticably fouled, apply 10 to
20 oz. of this product per 10,000 gallons of water in the system to obtain from
5 to 10 ppm available chlorine;. Repeat until control is achieved.
Subsequent Dose: When microbial control is evident, add 2 oz. of this product
per 10,000 gallons of water in the system daily, or as needed to maintain
control and keep the chlorine residual at 1 ppm. Badly fouled systems must be
cleaned befor treatment is begun.
INTERMITTENT FEED METHOD - Initial Dose: When system is noticably fouled, apply
10 to 20 oz. of this product per 10,000 gallons of water in the system to obtain
5 to 10 ppm available chlorine. Apply half (or 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5) of this intial
dose when half (or 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5) of the water in the system has been lost
by blowdown.
Subsequent Dose: When microbial control is evident, add 2 oz. of this product
per 10,000 gallons of water in the system to obtain a 1 ppm residual. Apply
half (or 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5) of this intial dose when half (or 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5)
of the water in the system has been lost by blowdown. Badly fouled systems must
be cleaned before treatment is begun.
CONTINUOUS FEED METHOD - Initial Dose: When system is noticably fouled, apply
10 to 20 oz. of this product per 10,000 gallons of water in the system to obtain
5 to 10 ppm available chlorine.
Subsequent Dose: Maintain this treatment level by starting a continuous feed of
1 oz. of this product per 3,000 gallons of water lost by blowdown to maintain
a 1 ppm residual. Badly fouled systems must be cleaned before treatment is
begun.
BRIQUETTES OR TABLETS - Initially slug dose the system with 10 oz. of this
product per 10,000 gallons of water in the system. Badly fouled systems must be
cleaned before treatment is begun.
Subsequent Dose: When microbial control is evident, add 2 oz. of this product
per 10,000 gallons of water in the system daily, or as needed to maintain
control and keep the chlorine residual at 1 ppm. Badly fouled systems must be
cleaned before treatment is begun.
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LAUNDRY SANITIZERS
Household Laundry Sanitizers
IN SOAKING SUDS - Thoroughly mix 1 Tbs. of this product to 10 gallons of wash
water to provide 200 ppm available chlorine. Wait 5 minutes, then add soap or
detergent. Immerse laundry for at least 11 minutes prior starting the
wash/rinse cycle.
IN WASHING SUES - Thoroughly mix 1 Tbs. of this product to 10 gallons of wash
water containing clothes to provide 200 ppm available chlorine. Wait 5 minutes,
then adding soap or detergent and start the wash/rinse cycle.
Coranercial Laundry Sanitizers
Wet fabrics or clothes should be spun dry prior to sanitization. Thoroughly mix
1 oz. of this product with 20 gallons of water to yield 200 ppm available
chlorine. Promptly after mixing the sanitizer, add the solution into the
prewash prior to washing fabrics/clothes in the regular wash cycle with a good
detergent. Test the level of available chlorine, if solution has been allowed
to stand. Add more of this product if the the available chlorine level has
dropped below 200 ppm.
FARM PREMISES
Remove all animals, poultry, and feed from premises, vehicles, and enclosures.
Remove all litter and manure from floors, walls and surfaces of barns, pens,
stalls, chutes and other facilities occupied or transverse by animals or
poultry. Empty all troughs, racks and other feeding and watering appliances.
Throughly clean all sufaces with soap or detergent and rinse with water. To
disinfect, saturate all surfaces with a solution of at least 1000 ppm available
chlorine for a period of 10 minutes. A 1000 ppm solution can be made by
thoroughly mixing 2 oz. of this product with 10 gallons of water, imnerse all
halters, ropes and other types of equipment used in handling and restraining
animals or poultry, as well as the cleaned forks, shovels and scrapers used for
removing litter and manure, ventilate buildings, cars, boats and other closed
spaces. Do not house livestaock or poultry or employ equipment until chlorine
has been dissipated. All treated feed racks, mangers, troughs, automatic
feeders, fountains and waterers must be rinsed with potable water before reuse.
PULP AND PAPER MILL PROCESS WATER SYSTEMS
SLUG FEED METHOD - Initial Dose: When system is noticably fouled, apply 10 to
20. oz. of this product per 10,000 gallons of water in the system to obtain
from 5 to 10 ppm available chlorine. Repeat until control is achieved.
Subsequent Dose: When microbial control is evident, add 2 oz. of this product
per 10,000 gallons of water in the system daily, or as needed to maintain
control and keep the chlorine residual at 1 ppm. Badly fouled systems must be
cleaned before treatment is begun.
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INTERMITTENT FEED METHOD - Initial Dose: When system is noticably fouled, apply
10 to 20 oz. of this product per 10,000 gallons of water in the system to
obtain 5 to 10 ppn available chlorine. Apply half (or 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5) of
this intial dose when half (or 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5) of the water in the system
has been lost by blowdown.
Subsequent Dose: When microbial control is evident, add 2 oz. of this product
per 10,000 gallons of water in the system to obtain a 1 ppm residual. Apply
half (or 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5) of this intial dose when half (or 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5)
of the water in the system has been lost by blowdown. Badly fouled systems must
be cleaned before treatment is begun.
CONTINUOUS FEED METHOD - Initial Dose: When system is noticably fouled, apply
10 to 20 oz. of this product per 10,000 gallons of water in the system to
obtain 5 to 10 ppn available chlorine.
Subsequent Dose: Maintain this treatment level by starting a continuous feed of
2 oz. of this product per 1,000 gallons of water lost by blowdown to maintain
a 1 ppm residual. Badly fouled systems must be cleaned before treatment is
begun.
BRIQUETTES OR TABLETS - Initially slug dose the system with 10 oz. of this
product per 10,000 gallons of water in the system. Badly fouled systems must be
cleaned before treatment is begun.
Subsequent Dose: When microbial control is evident, add 2 oz. of this product
per 10,000 gallons of water in the system daily, or as needed to maintain control
and keep the chlorine residual at 1 ppm. Badly fouled systems must be cleaned
before treatment is begun.
AGRICULTURAL USES
POST-HARVEST PROTECTION - Potatoes can be sanitized after cleaning and prior to
storage by spraying with a sanitizing solution at a level of 1 gallon of
sanitizing solution per tons cf potatoes. Thoroughly mix 1 oz. of this product
to 10 gallons of water to obtain 500 ppm available chlorine.
Disinfect leafcutting bee cells and bee boards by inmersion in a solution
containing 1 ppm available chlorine for 3 minutes. Allow cells to drain for 2
minutes and dry for 4 to 5 hours or until no chlorine odor can be detected.
This solution is made by thoroughly mix 1/4 Tsp. of this product to 200 gallons
of water. The bee domicile is disinfected by spraying with a 0.1 ppm solution
until all surfaces are thoroughly wet. Allow the domicile to dry until all
chlorine odor has dissipated.
FOOD EGG SANITIZATION - Throuoghly clean all eggs. Thoroughly mix 1 oz. of this
product with 20 gallons of warm water to produce a 200 ppn available chlorine
solution. The sanitizer temperature should not exceed 130°F. Spray the warm
sanitizer so that the eggs are thoroughly wetted. Allow the eggs to thoroughl
dry before casing or breaking. Do not apply a potable water rinse. The solution
should not be re-used to sanitize eggs.
FRUIT & VEGETABLE WASHING - Thoroughly clean all fruits and vegetables in a
wash tank. Thoroughly mix 1 oz. of this product in 200 gallons of water to
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make a sanitizing solution of 25 ppm available chlorine. After draining the
tank, submerge fruit or vegetables for 2 minutes in a second wash tank
containing the recirculating sanitizing solution. Spray rinse vegatables with
the sanitizing solution prior to packaging. Rinse fruit with potable water only
prior to packaging.
SEEDS - To control bacterial spot (Xanthomonas vesticatoris) on Pimento seeds,
initially remove moist seeds from ripe fruits. To control surface fungi and bacteria
on Tonato seeds initially wash seeds, iirmediately soak seeds in 39,000 ppn solution
for 15 minutes with continuous aggitation. After treatment rinse seeds in potable
water for 15 minutes. Dry seeds to normal moisture. The solution may be made by
mixing 8 oz. of this product with 1 gallon of water.
MUSHROOMS - To control bacterial blotch (Pseudgnonas tolaasii), use a 100 to 200 ppm
solution prior to watering mushroom production surfaces. This solution may be made
by mixing 0.2 to 0.4 oz. of this product with 10 gallons of water. First application
should begin when pins form, and thereafter, between breaks on a need basis depending
on the occurence of bacterial blotch. This product may be applied directly to pins
to control small infection foci. Apply 1.5 to 2.0 oz. per square foot of growing space.
POST-HARVEST ROOTS - To control and reduce the spread of soft rot causing organisms
in water and on sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas), spray or dip the potatoes with a
150 to 500 ppm solution for 2 to 5 minutes. Thoroughly mix 0.3 to 1.0 oz. of this
product per 10 gallons of water to obtain this solution. Monitor the chlorine
concentration and change the solution after one hour or as needed.
A3UACULTURAL USES
PISH PONDS - Remove fish from ponds prior to treatment. Thoroughly mix 20 oz.
of this product to 10,000 gallons of water to obtain 10 ppm available chlorine.
Add more product to the water if the available chlorine level is below 1 ppm
after 5 minutes. Return fish to pond after the available chlorine level
reaches zero.
FISH POND EQUIPMENT - Thoroughly clean all equipment prior to treatment.
Thoroughly mix 1 oz. of this product to 20 gallons of water to obtain 200 ppm
available chlorine. Porous equipment should soak for one hour.
MAINE LOBSTER PONDS - Remove lobsters, seaweed etc. from ponds prior to
treatment. Drain the pond. Thoroughly mix 1200 oz. of this product to 10,000
gallons of water to obtain at least 600 ppm available chlorine. Apply so that
all barrows, gates, rock and dam are treated with product. "Permit high tide to
fill the pond and then close gates. Allow water to stand for 2 to 3 days until
the available chlorine level reaches zero. Open gates and allow 2 tidal cycles
to flush the pond before returning lobsters to pond.
CONDITIONING LIVE OYSTERS - Thoroughly mix 1 oz. of this product to 10,000
gallons of water at 50 to 70°F to obtain 0.5 ppn available chlorine. Expose
oysters to this solution for at least 15 minutes, monitoring the available
chlorine level so that it does not fall below 0.05 ppn. Repeat entire process
if the available chlorine level drops below 0.05 ppm or the temperature falls
below 50°F.
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CONTROL OF SCAVENGERS IN FISH HATCHERY PONDS - Prepare a solution containing 200
ppm of available chlorine by mixing 0.5 oz. of product with 10 gallons of water.
Pour into drained pond potholes. Repeat if necessary, DO not put desirable fish
back into refilled ponds until chlorine residual has dropped to 0 ppm, as determined
by a test kit.
SANITIZATION OF DIALYSIS MACHINES
Flush equipment thoroughly with water prior to using this product. Thoroughly
mix 7 02. of this product to 60 gallons of water to obtain at least 600 ppm
available chlorine. Immediately use this product in the hemodialysate system
allowing for a minimum contact time of 15 minutes at 20°F C. Drain system of
the sanitizing solution and thoroughly rinse with water. Discard and DO NOT
reuse the spent sanitizer. Rinsate must be monitored with a suitable test kit
to insure that no available chlorine remains in the system.
This product is recommended for decontaminating single and multipatient
hemodialysate systems. This product has been shown to be an effective
disinfectant (virucide, fungicide, bactericide, pseudomonicide) when tested by
AOAC and EPA test methods. This product may not totally eliminate all
vegatative microorganisms in hemodialysate delivery systems due to their
construction and/or assembly, but can be relied upon to reduce the number of
microorganisms to acceptable levels when used as directed. This product should
be used in a disinfectant program which includes bacteriologiocal monitoring of
the hemodialysate delivery system. This product is NOT recortmended for use in
hemodialysate or reverse osmosis (RO) membranes.
Consult the guidelines for hemodialysate systems which are available from the
Hepititis Laboratories, CDC, Phoenix, AR 85021.
TOILET BOWL SANITIZERS
[These products are marketed as individual packages for placement in the
toilet. Therefore, use directions are not appropriate.}
[Claims are limited to sanitization. No claims for disinfection are permited.
ASPHALT OR WC»D ROOFS AND SIDINGS
To control fungus and mildew, first remove all physical soil by brushing and hosing
with clean water, and apply a 5000 ppm available chlorine solution. Mix 1 oz. of
this product per gallon of water and brush or spray roof or siding. After 30 minutes,
rinse by hosing with clean water.
BOAT BOTTOMS
To control slime on boat bottoms;, sling a plastic tarp under boat, retaining enough
water to cover the fouled bottom area, but not allowing water to enter enclosed
area. This envelope should contain approximately 500 gallons of water for a 14
foot boat. Add 3.5 oz. of this product to this water to obtain a 35 ppm available
chlorine concentration. Leave immersed for 8 to 12 hours. Repeat if necessary. Do
not discharge the solution until the free chlorine level has dropped to 0 ppm, as
determined by a swimming pool test kit.
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ARTIFICIAL SAND BEACHES
To sanitize the sand, spray a 500 ppm available chlorine solution containing 0.1 oz,
of this product per gallon of water at frequent intervals. Small areas can be
sprinkled with a watering can.
POOD PROCESSING PLANTS
POULTRY DRINKING WATER - Spray or flush with a solution containing 1 oz. of this
product for every gallon of water. Treat poultry drinking water to a dosage of
1 to 5 ppm available chlorine by adding 1 to 5 oz. of this product per 1000
gallons of water.
FISH FILLETING - Eviscerated and degilled fish removed from the fishing vessel are
placed in a wash tank of seawater or fresh water which has been treated with enough
product to produce a chlorine residual of 25 ppm, as determined by a test kit.
Remove fish frcm treated water 24 to 48 hours before filleting. After scaling the
fish are again washed in a 25 ppm solution, and are ready for filleting.
PECAN CRACKING AND DYEING - Prepare a 1000 ppm available chlorine soaking solution
by adding 1 oz. of this product for each 5 gallons of water to obtain a 1000 ppm
available chlorine content. Soak for a minimum of 10 minutes. After removal, age
pecans for 24 hours. Before bleaching, pecans are placed in a rotary cleaner
where they are washed, drained, and soaked in a 2% sulphuric acid bath at 80 to
90°F for 1 minute. Transfer to a solution containing 100 oz. of this product for
each 100 gallons of water (5000 ppm). After 4 to 8 minutes, they are drained and
washed in a 1% sulphuric acid bath at 80 to 90°F. They are then dried.
BACTERIAL CONTROL IN SUGAR REFINERIES - To reduce dust-collecting bacteria, apply
a solution containing 16 oz. of this product for each gallon of water (8000 ppm
available chlorine) continuously by gravity into the recirculating low concentration
syrup in the dust collector. Adjust the feed to give a chlorine residual of about
10 ppm in the syrup leaving the dust collector system. To reduce gun-forming
bacteria, coat raw sugar with a solution of low concentration of product to
control bacteria. To control of thermophillic bacteria in vacuum pans, feed a
solution containing 1 pound of this product for each ton of sugar (dry weight) in
the vacuun pans.
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PRODUCT NAME
ACTIVE INGREDIENT:
Calcium Hypochlorite 12.5%
INERT INGREDIENTS: 87.5%
KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN
DANGER
STATEMENT OF PRACTICAL TREATMENT {FIRST AID)6/
IF CONTACT WITH EYES OCCURS, flush with water for at least 15 minutes. Get
prompt medical attention.
IF CONTACT WITH SKIN OCCURS, wash with plenty of soap and water.
IF SWALLOWED, drink large quantities of milk or gelatin solution, if these are
not available, drink large quantities of water. DO NOT give vinegar or other
acids. DO NOT induce vomiting. Get pronpt medical attention.
(See additional precautions on side panel.)
Manufactured by:
ABC Chemical Corporation
P.O. Box 99
New York, New York
99999
EPA REG NO. 10237-20002 EPA EST 10237-KS-l
NET CONTENTS:
6/It is only suggested that First Aid statements be placed on the front panel.
If placed on another panel (e.g. the back panel), the label must have the referral
statement, "See other precautions on back panel".
46
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PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS
HAZARDS TO HUMANS AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS
DANGER: Corrosive, may cause severe skin and eye irritation or chemical burns
to broken skin. Causes eye damage. Wear safety glasses or goggles and rubber
gloves when handling this product. Wash after handling. Avoid breathing vapors.
Vacate poorly ventilated areas as soon as possible. Do not return until strong
odors have dissipated.
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
This product is toxic to fish. Do not discharge into lakes, streams, ponds or
public waterways unless in accordance with a NPDES permit. For guidance,
contact the regional office of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL HAZARDS
STRONG OXIDIZING AGENT: Mix only with water according to label directions.
Mixing this product with chemicals (e.g. ammonia, acids, detergents, etc.)
or organic matter (e.g. urine, feces, etc.) will release chlorine gas which
is irritating to eyes, lungs and mucous membranes.
47
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DIRECTIONS FOR USE
It is a violation of federal law to use this product in a manner inconsistent
with its labeling.
NOTE: This product degrades with age. Use a chlorine test kit and increase
dosage, as necessary, to obtain the required level of available chlorine.
STORAGE AND DISPOSAL
Store this product in a cool dry area, away from direct sunlight and heat to
avoid deterioration. In case of spill, flood areas with large quantities of
water. Product or rinsates that cannot be used should be diluted with water
before disposal in a sanitary sewer. Do not reuse container but place in trash
collection. Do not contaminate food or feed by storage, disposal or cleaning of
equipment.
SWIMMING POOL WATER DISINFECTION
For a new pool or spring start-up, superchlorinate with 52 to 104 oz. of product
for each 10,000 gallons of water to yield 5 to 10 ppm available chlorine by weight,
Check the level of available chlorine with a test kit. Adjust and maintain pool
water pH to between 7.2 to 7.6. Adjust and maintain the alkalinity of the pool to
between 50 to 100 ppm.
To maintain the pool, add manually or by a feeder device 11 oz. of this product
for each 10,000 gallons of water to yield an available chlorine residual
between 0.6 to 1.0 ppm by weight. Stabilized pools should maintain a residual
of 1.0 to 1.5 ppm available chlorine. Test the pH, available chlorine residual
and alkalinity of the water frequently with appropriate test kits. Frequency of
water treatment will depend upon temperature and number of swimmers.
Every 7 days, or as necessary, superchlorinate the pool with 52 to 104 oz. Of
product for each 10,000 gallons of water to yield 5 to 10 ppm available chlorine
by weight. Check the level of available chlorine with a test kit. Do not reenter
pool until the chlorine residual is between 1.0 to 3.0 ppm.
At the end of the swimming pool season or when water is to drained from the
pool, chlorine must be allowed to dissipate from treated pool water before
discharge. Do not chlorinate the pool within 24 hours prior to discharge.
WINTERIZING POOLS - While water is still clear & clean , apply 3 oz. of product
per 1000 gallons, while filter is running, to obtain a 3 ppm available chlorine
residual, as detemined by a suitable test kit. Cover pool, prepare heater, filter
and heater components for winter by following manufacturers' instructions.
SPAS, HOT-TUBS, IMMERSION TANKS, ETC.
SPAS/HOT-TUBS - Apply 5 oz. of product per 1000 gallons of water to obtain a free
available chlorine concentration of 5 ppm, as determined by a suitable chlorine
test kit. Adjust and maintain pool water pH to between 7.2 and 7.8. Some oils,
lotions, fragrances, cleaners, etc. may cause foaming or cloudy water as well as
reduce the efficiency of the product.
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To maintain the water, apply 5 oz. of product per 1000 gallons of water over the
surface to maintain a chlorine concentration of 5 ppm.
After each use, shock treat with 8 oz. of this product per 500 gallons of water
to control odor and algae.
During extended periods of disuse, add 3 oz. of product daily per 1000 gallons
of water to maintain a 3 ppm chlorine concentration.
HUBBARD AND IMMERSION TANKS - Add 5 oz. of this product per 200 gallons of water
before patient use to obtain a chlorine residual of 25 ppn, as determined by a
suitable test kit. Adjust and maintain the water pH to between 7.2 and 7.6. After
each use drain the tank. Add 5 oz. to a bucket of water and circulate this solution
through the agitator of the tank for 15 minutes and then rinse out the solution.
Clean tank thoroughly and dry with clean cloths.
HYDROTHERAPY TANKS - Add 1 oz. of this product per 1000 gallons of water to
obtain a chlorine residual of 1 ppm, as determined by a suitable chlorine test
kit. Pool should not be entered until the chlorine residual is below 3 ppm. Adjust
and maintain the water pH to between 7.2 and 7.6. Operate pool filter continuously.
Drain pool weekly, and clean before refilling.
SANITIZATION OF NONPOROUS POOD CONTACT SURFACES
RINSE METHOD - A solution of 100 ppm available chlorine may be used in the
sanitizing solution if a chlorine test kit is available. Solutions containing
an initial concentration of 100 ppm available chlorine must be tested and
adjusted periodically to insure that the available chlorine does not drop below
50 ppni. Prepare a 100 ppn sanitizing solution by thoroughly mixing 1 oz. of this
product with 10 gallons of water. If no test kit is available, prepare a sanit-
izing solution by thoroughly mixing 2 oz. of this product with 10 gallons of
water to provide approximately 200 ppm available chlorine by weight.
Clean equipment surfaces in the normal manner. Prior to use, rinse all surfaces
thoroughly with the sanitizing solution, maintaining contact with the sanitizer
for at least 2 minutes. If solution contains less than 50 ppm available
chlorine, as determined by a suitable test kit, either discard the solution or
add sufficient product to reestablish a 200 ppm residual. Do not rinse
equipment with water after treatment and do not soak equipment overnight.
Sanitizers used in automated systems may be used for general cleaning but may
not be re-used for sanitizing purposes.
IMMERSION METHOD - A solution of 100 ppm available chlorine may be used in the
sanitizing solution if a chlorine test kit is available. Solutions containing
an initial concentration of 100 ppm available chlorine must be tested and
adjusted periodically to insure that the available chlorine does not drop below
50 ppm. Prepare a 100 ppm sanitizing solution by thoroughly mixing 1 oz. of this
product with 10 gallons of water. If no test kit is available, prepare a sanit-
izing solution by thoroughly mixing 2 oz. of this product with 10 gallons of water
to provide approximately 200 ppm available chlorine by weight.
Clean equipment in the normal manner. Prior to use, immerse equipment in the
sanitizing solution for at least 2 minutes and allow the sanitizer to drain. If
49
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solution contains less than 50 ppm available chlorine, as determined by a
suitable test kit, either discard the solution or add sufficient product to
reestablish a 200 ppm residual. Do not rinse equipment with water after
treatment.
Sanitizers used in autonat<5d systems may be used for general cleaning but may
not be re-used for sanitizing purposes.
FLOW/PRESSURE METHOD - Disassemble equipment and throughly clean after use.
Assemble equipment in operating position prior to use. Prepare a volume of a
200 ppm available chlorine sanitizing solution equal to 110% of volume
capacity of the equipment by mixing the product in a ratio of 2 oz. product
with 10 gallons of water. Pump solution through the system until full flow is
obtained at all extremities, the system is completely filled with the sanitizer
and all air is removed frcn the system. Close drain valves and hold under
pressure for at least 2 minutes to insure contact with all internal surfaces.
Remove some cleaning solution from drain valve and test with a chlorine test
kit. Repeat entire cleaning/sanitizing process if effluent contains less than
50 ppm available chlorine. Rinse system with potable water prior to use.
CLEAN-IN-PIACE METHOD - Throughly clean equipment after use. Prepare a volume
of a 200 ppm available chlorine sanitizing solution equal to 110% of volume
capacity of the equipment by mixing the product in a ratio of 2 oz. product
with 10 gallons of water. Pump solution through the system until full flow is
obtained at all extremities, the system is completely filled with the sanitizer
and all air is removed from the system. Close drain valves and hold under
pressure for at least 10 minutes to insure contact with all internal surfaces.
Remove some cleaning solution from drain valve and test with a chlorine test
kit. Repeat entire cleaning/sanitizing process if effluent contains less than
50 ppm available chlorine. Rinse system with potable water prior to use.
SPRAY/FOG METHOD - Precleari all surfaces after use. use a 200 ppm available
chlorine solution to control bacteria, mold or fungi and a 600 ppm solution to
control bacteriophage. Prepare a 200 ppm sanitizing solution of sufficient size
by thoroughly mixing the product in a ratio of 2 oz. product with 10 gallons of
water. Prepare a 600 ppm solution by thoroughly mixing the product in a ratio
of 6 oz. product with 10 gallons of water. Use spray or fogging equipment which
can resist hypochlorite solutions. Always empty and rinse spray/fog equipment
with potable water after use. Throughly spray or fog all sufaces until wet,
allowing excess sanitizer to drain. Vacate area for at least 2 hours. Prior to
tisi-ng equipment, rinse all surfaces treated with a 600 ppm solution with a 200
ppm solution.
SANITIZATION OF POROUS POOD CONTACT SURFACES
RINSE METHOD - Prepare a sanitizing solution by throughly mixing 6 oz. of this
product with 10 gallons of water to provide approximately 600 ppm available
chlorine by weight. Clean surfaces in the normal manner. Prior to use, rinse
all surfaces thoroughly with the sanitizing solution, maintaining contact with
the sanitizer for at least 2 minutes. Rinse equipment with water after
treatment and do not soak equipment overnight.
IMMERSION METHOD - Prepare a sanitizing solution by throughly mixing, in an
immersion tank, 6 oz. of this product with 10 gallons of water to provide
50
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approximately 600 ppm available chlorine by weight. Clean equipment in the
normal manner. Prior to use, immerse equipment in the sanitizing solution for
at least 2 minutes and allow the sanitizer to drain. Rinse equipment with water
after treatment.
SPRAY/FOG METHOD - Preclean all surfaces after use. Prepare a 600 ppn available
chlorine sanitizing solution of sufficient size by throuoghly mixing the
product in a ratio of 6 oz. product with 10 gallons of water. Use spray or
fogging equipment which can resist hypochlorite solutions. Always empty and
rinse spray/fog equipment with potable water after use. Throughly spray or fog
all sufaces until wet, allowing excess sanitizer to drain. Vacate area for at
least 2 hours. Prior to using equipment, rinse all surfaces with a 200 ppm
available chlorine solution. Prepare a 200 ppm sanitizing solution by thoroughly
mixing 2 oz. of this product with 10 gallons of water.
SANITIZATION OF NONPOROUS NON-FOOD CONTACT SURFACES
RINSE METHOD - Prepare a sanitizing solution by throughly mixing 2 oz. of this
product with 10 gallons of water to provide approximately 200 ppm available
chlorine by weight. Clean equipment surfaces in the normal manner. Prior to
use, rinse all surfaces thoroughly with the sanitizing solution, maintaining
contact with the sanitizer for at least 2 minutes. Do not rinse equipment with
water after treatment and do not soak equipment overnight.
IMMERSION METHOD - Prepare a sanitizing solution by throughly mixing, in an
immersion tank, 2 oz. of this product with 10 gallons of water to provide
approximately 200 ppn available chlorine by weight. Clean equipment in the
normal manner. Prior to use, immerse equipment in the sanitizing solution for
at least 2 minutes and allow the sanitizer to drain. Do not rinse equipment
with water after treatment.
SPRAY/FOG METHOD - Preclean all surfaces after use. Prepare a 200 ppm available
chlorine sanitizing solution of sufficient size by throuoghly mixing the
product in a ratio of 2 oz. product with 10 gallons of water. Use spray or
fogging equipment which can resist hypochlorite solutions, prior to using
equipment, throughly spray or fog all sufaces until wet, allowing excess sanitizer
to drain. Vacate area for at least 2 hours.
DISINFECTION OF NONPOROUS NON-FOOD CONTACT SURFACES
Of
RINSE METHOD - Prepare a disinfecting solution by throughly mixing 6 oz.
this product with 10 gallons of water to provide approximately 600 ppn
available chlorine by weight. Clean equipment surfaces in the normal manner.
Prior to use, rinse all surfaces thoroughly with the disinfecting solution,
maintaining contact with the solution for at least 10 minutes. Do not rinse
equipment with water after treatment and do not soak equipment overnight.
IMMERSION METHOD - Prepare a disinfecting solution by throughly mixing, in an
immersion tank, 6 oz. of this product with 10 gallons of water to provide
approximately 600 ppm available chlorine by weight. Clean equipment in the
normal manner. Prior to use, immerse equipnent in the disinfecting solution for
at least in minutes and allow the sanitizer to drain. Do not rinse equipnent
with water after treatment.
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SflNITIZATION OF POROUS NON-POOD CONTACT SURFACES
RINSE METHOD - Prepare a sanitizing solution by throughly mixing 6 oz. of this
product with 10 gallons of water to provide approximately 600 ppm available
chlorine by weight. Clean surfaces in the normal manner. Prior to use, rinse
all surfaces thoroughly with the sanitizing solution, maintaining contact with
the sanitizer for at least 2 minutes. Do not rinse equipment with water after
treatment and do not soak equipment overnight.
IMMERSION METHOD - Prepare a sanitizing solution by throughly mixing, in an
inmersion tank, 6 oz. of this product with 10 gallons of water to provide
approximately 600 ppm available chlorine by weight. Clean equipment in the
normal manner. Prior to use, immerse equipment in the sanitizing solution for
at least 2 minutes and allow the sanitizer to drain. Do not rinse equipment
with water after treatment.
SPRAY/FOG METHOD - After cleaning, sanitize non-food contact surfaces with 600
ppm available chlorine by throuoghly mixing the product in a ratio of 6 oz. of
this product with 10 gallons of water. Use spray or fogging equipment which can
resist hypochlorite solutions. Always empty and rinse spray/fog equipment with
potable water after use. prior to using equipment, throughly spray or .fog all
sufaces until wet, allowing excess sanitizer to drain. Vacate area for at least
2 hours.
SEWAGE & WASTEWATER EFFLUENT TREATMENT
The disinfection of sewage effluent must be evaluated by determining the total
number of coliform bacteria and/or fecal coliform bacteria, as determined by
the Most Probable Number (MPN) procedure, of the chlorinated effluent has been
reduced to or below the maximum permited by the controlling regulatory
jurisdiction.
On the average, satisfactroy disinfection of secondary wastewater effluent can
be obtained when the chlorine residual is 0.5 ppm after 15 minutes contact.
Although the chlorine residual is the critical critical factor in disinfection,
the importance of correlating chlorine residual with bacterial kill must be
emphasized. The MPN of the effluent, which is directly related to the water
quality standards requirements, should be the final and primary standard and
the chlorine residual should be considered an operating standard valid only to
the extent verified by the coliform quality of the effluent.
The following are critical factors affecting wastewater disinfection.
1. Mixing: It is imperative that the product and the wastewater be
instantaneously and ccmpletly flash mixed to assure reaction with
every chemically active soluble and particulate component of the
wastewater.
2. Contacting: Upon flash mixing, the flow through the system must be
maintained.
3. Dosage/Residual Control: Successful disinfection is extremely
dependent on response to fluctuating chlorine demand to maintain a
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predetermined, desirable chlorine level. Secondary effluent should
contain 0.2 to 1.0 ppm chlorine residual after a 15 to 30 minute
contact time. A reasonable average of residual chlorine is 0.5 ppm
after 15 minutes contact time.
SEWAGE AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT
EFFLUENT SLIME CONTROL - Apply a 100 to 1000 ppm available chlorine solution at a
location which will allow complete mixing. Prepare this solution by mixing 10 to
100 02. of this product with 100 gallons of water. Once control is evident, apply
a 15 ppm available chlorine solution. Prepare this solution by mixing 3 oz. of
this product with 100 gallons of water.
FILTER BEDS - SLIME CONTROL: Remove filter from service, drain to a depth of 1 ft.
above filter sand, and add 80 oz. of product per 20 sq/ft evenly over the surface.
Wait 30 minutes before draining water to a level that is even with the top of the
filter. Wait for 4 to 6 hours before completely draining and backwashing filter.
DISINFECTION OF DRINKING WATER (EMERGENCY/PUBLIC/INDTVIDUAL SYSTEMS)
PUBLIC SYSTEMS: Mix a ratio of 1 oz. of this product to 100 gallons of water.
Begin feeding this solution with a hypochlorinator until a free available chlorine
residual of at least 0.2 ppm and no more than 0.6 ppm is attained throughout the
distribution system. Check water frequently with a chlorine test kit. Bacterio-
logical sampling must be conducted at a frequency no less than that prescribed by
the National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations. Contact your local Health
Department for further details.
INDIVIDUAL SYSTEMS: DUG WELLS Upon completion of the casing (lining) wash the
interior of the casing (lining) with a 100 ppm available chlorine solution using a
stiff brush. This solution can be made by throughly mixing 1 oz. of this product
into 10 gallons of water. After covering the well, pour the sanitizing solution
into the well through both the pipesleeve opening and the pipeline. Wash the exterior
of the pump cylinder also with the sanitizing solution. Start pump and pump water
until strong odor of chlorine in water is noted. Stop pump and wait at least 24
hours. After 24 hours flush well until all traces of chlorine have been removed
from the water. Consult your local Health Department for further details.
INDIVIDUAL WATER SYSTEMS: DRILLED, DRIVEN & BORED WELLS Run pump until water is
as free from turbity as possible. Pour a 100 ppn available chlorine sanitizing
solution into the well. This solution can be made by throughly mixing 1 oz. of
this product into 10 gallons of water. Add 5 to 10 gallons of clean, chlorinted
water to the well in order to force the sainizer into the rock formation. Wash the
exterior of pump cylinder with the sanitizer. Drop pipeline into well, start pump
and pump water until strong odor of chlorine in water is noted. Stop pump and wait
at least 24 hours. After 24 hours flush well until all traces of chlorine have
been removed from the water. Deep wells with high water levels may necessitate the
use of special methods for introduction of the sanitizer into the well. Consult
your local Health Department for further details.
INDIVIDUAL WATER SYSTEMS: FLOWING ARTESIAN WELLS Artesian wells generally do not
require disinfection. If analyses indicate persistant contamination, the well
should be disinfected. Consult your local Health Department for further details.
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EMERGENCY DISINFECTION - When boiling of water for 1 minute is not practical,
water can be made potable by using this product. Prior to addition of the
sanitizer, remove all suspended material by filtration or by allowing it to
settle to the bottom. Decant the clarified, contaminated water to a clean
container and add 1 drop of this product to 20 gallons of water. Allow the
treated water to stand for 30 minutes. Properly treated water should have a
slight chlorine odor, if not, repeat dosage and allow the water to stand an
additional 15 minutes. The treated water can then be made palatable by pouring
it between clean containers for several times.
PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS
RESERVOIRS - ALGAE CONTROL: Hypochlorinate streams feeding the reservoir. Suitable
feeding points should be selected on each stream at least 50 yards upstream from
the points of entry into the reservoir.
MAINS - Thoroughly flush section to be sanitized by discharging from hydrants.
Permit a water flow of at least 2,5 feet per minute to continue under pressure
while injecting this product by means of a hypochlorinator. Stop water flow when a
chlorine residual test of 50 ppn is obtained at the low pressure end of the new
main section after a 24 hour retention time. When chlorination is completed, the
system must be flushed free of all heavily chlorinated water.
NEW TANKS, BASINS, ETC. - Remove all physical soil from surfaces. Place 20 oz. of
this product for each 5 cubic feet of working capacity (500 ppm available chlorine).
Fill to working capacity and allow to stand for at least 4 hours. Drain and flush
with potable water and return to surface.
NEW FILTER SAND - Apply 80 oz. of this product for each 150 to 200 cubic feet of
sand. The action of the product dissolving as the water passes through the bed will
aid in sanitizing the new sand.
NEW WELLS - Flush the casing with a 50 ppm available chlorine solution of water
containing 5 oz. of this product for each 100 gallons of water. The solution
should be pumped or fed by gravity into the well after thorough mixing with agitation.
The well should stand for several hours or overnight under chlorination. it may
then be pumped until a representative raw water sample is obtained. Bacterial
examination of the water will indicate whether further treatment is necessary.
EXISTING EQUIPMENT - Remove equipment from service, thoroughly clean surfaces of
all physical soil. Sanitize by placing 21 oz. of this product for each 5 cubic feet
capacity (approximately 500 ppm available chlorine). Fill to working capacity and
let stand at least 4 hours. Drain and place in service. If the previous treatment
is not practical, surfaces may be sprayed with a solution containing 5 oz. of this
product for each 5 gallons of water (approximately 1000 ppm available chlorine).
After drying, flush with water and return to service.
EMERGENCY DISINFECTION AFTER FLOODS
WELLS - Thoroughly flush contaminated casing with a 500 ppni available chlorine
solution. Prepare this solution by mixing 5 oz. of this product with 10 gallons of
water. Backwash the well to increase yield and reduce turbidity, adding sufficient
chlorinating solution to the backwash to produce a 10 ppm available chlorine
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residual, as determined by a chlorine test kit. After the turbididty has been
reduced and the casing has been treated, add sufficient chlorinating solution to
produce a 50 ppn available chlorine residual. Aggitate the well water for several
hours and take a representative water sample. Retreat well if water samples are
biologically unacceptable,
RESERVOIRS - In case of contamination by overflowing streams, establish
hypochlorinating stations upstream of the reservior. Chlorinate the inlet water
until the entire reservior obtains a 0.2 ppm available chlorine residual, as
determined by a suitable chlorine test kit. In case of contamination from surface
drainage, apply sufficient product directly to the reservior to obtain a 0.2 ppm
available chlorine residual in all parts of the reservior.
BASINS, TANKS, FLUMES, ETC. - Thoroughly clean all equipment, then apply 20 oz.
of product per 5 cu. ft. of water to obtain 500 ppm available chlorine, as
determined by a suitable test kit. After 24 hours drain, flush, and return to
service. If the previous method is not suitable, spray or flush the equipment with
a solution containing 5 oz. of this product for each 5 gallons of water (1000 ppm
available chlorine). Allow to stand for 2 to 4 hours, flush and return to service.
FILTERS - When the sand filter needs replacement, apply 80 oz. of this product for
each 150 to 200 cubic feet of sand. When the filter is severely contaminated,
additional product should be distributed over the surface at the rate of 80 oz. per
20 sq. ft.. Water should stand at a depth of 1 foot above the surface of the
filter bed for 4 to 24 hours. When filter beds can be backwashed of mud and silt,
apply 80 oz. of this product per each 50 sq. ft., allowing the water to stand at a
depth of 1 foot above the filter sand. After 30 minutes, drain water to the level
of the filter. After 4 to 6 hours drain, and proceed with normal backwashing.
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM - Flush repaired or replaced section with water. Establish a
hypochlorinating station and apply sufficient product until a consistent available
chlorine residual of at least 10 ppm remains after a 24 hour retention time. Use
a chlorine test kit.
EMERGENCY DISINFECTION AFTER FIRES
CROSS CONNECTIONS OR EMERGENCY CONNECTIONS - Hypochlorination or gravity feed
equipment should be set up near the intake of the untreated water supply. Apply
sufficient product to give a chlorine residual of at least 0.1 to 0.2 ppm at the
point where the untreated supply enters the regular distribution system. Use a
chlorine test kit.
EMERGENCY DISINFECTION AFTER DROUGHTS
SUPPLEMENTARY WATER SUPPLIES - Gravity or mechanical hypochlorite feeders should be
set up on a supplementary line to dose the water to a minimum chlorine residual
of 0.2 ppm after a 20 minute contact time. Use a chlorine test kit.
WATER SHIPPED IN BY TANKS, TANK CARS, TRUCKS, ETC. - Thoroughly clean all containers
and equipment. Spray a 500 ppm available chlorine solution and rinse with potable
water after 5 minutes. This solution is made by mixing 5 oz. of this product for
each 10 gallons of water. During the filling of the containers, dose with sufficient
amounts of this product to provide at least a 0.2 ppm chlorine residual. Use a
chlorine test kit.
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EMERGENCY DISINFECTION AFTER MAIN BREAKS
MAINS - Before assembly of the repaired section, flush out mud and soil. Permit a
water flow of at least 2,5 feet per minute to continue under pressure while inject-
ing this product by means of a hypochlorinator. Stop water flow when a chlorine
residual test of 50 ppm is obtained at the low pressure end of the new main section
after a 24 hour retention time. When chlorination is completed, the system must be
flushed free of all heavily chlorinated water.
COOLING TOWER/EVAPORATIVE CONDENSER WATER
SLUG FEED METHOD - Initial Dose: When system is noticably fouled, apply 52 to
104 oz. of this product per 10,000 gallons of water in the system to obtain from
5 to 10 ppm available chlorine. Repeat until control is achieved.
Subsequent Dose: When microbial control is evident, add 11 oz. of this product
per 10,000 gallons of water in the system daily, or as needed to maintain
control and keep the chlorine residual at 1 ppm. Badly fouled systems must be
cleaned befor treatment is begun.
INTERMITTENT FEED METHOD - Initial Dose: When system is noticably fouled, apply
52 to 104 oz. of this product per 10,000 gallons of water in the system to obtain
5 to 10 ppm available chlorine. Apply half (or 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5} of this intial
dose when half (or 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5) of the water in the system has been lost by
blowdown.
Subsequent Dose: When microbial control is evident, add 11 oz. of this product
per 10,000 gallons of water in the system to obtain a 1 ppm residual. Apply
half (or 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5) of this intial dose when half (or 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5)
of the water in the system has been lost by blowdown. Badly fouled systems must
be cleaned before treatment is begun.
CONTINUOUS FEED METHOD - Initial Dose: When system is noticably fouled, apply 52
to 104 oz. of this product per 10,000 gallons of water in the system to obtain 5
to 10 ppm available chlorine.
Subsequent Dose: Maintain this treatment level by starting a continuous feed of
1 oz. of this product per 1,000 gallons of water lost by blowdown to maintain a
1 ppm residual. Badly fouled systems must be cleaned before treatment is begun.
BRIQUETTES OR TABLETS - Initially slug dose the system with 52 oz. of this
product per 10,000 gallons of water in the system. Badly fouled systems must be
cleaned before treatment is begun.
Subsequent Dose: When microbial control is evident, add 11 oz. of this product
per 10,000 gallons of water in the system daily, or as needed to maintain
control and keep the chlorine residual at 1 ppm. Badly fouled systems must be
cleaned before treatment is begun.
LAUNDRY SANITIZERS
Household Laundry Sanitizers
IN SOAKING SUDS - Thoroughly mix 2 oz. of this product to 10 gallons of wash
water to provide 200 ppm available chlorine. Wait 5 minutes, then add soap or
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detergent. Immerse laundry for at least 11 minutes prior starting the wash/rinse
cycle.
IN WASHING SUDS - Thoroughly mix 2 oz. of this product to 10 gallons of wash
water containing clothes to provide 200 ppm available chlorine. Wait 5 minutes,
then add soap or detergent and start the wash/rinse cycle.
Commercial Laundry Sanitizers
Wet fabrics or clothes should be spun dry prior to sanitization. Thoroughly mix
2 oz. of this product with 10 gallons of water to yield 200 ppm available
chlorine. Promptly after mixing the sanitizer, add the solution into the
prewash prior to washing fabrics/clothes in the regular wash cycle with a good
detergent. Test the level of available chlorine, if solution has been allowed
to stand. Add more of this product if the the available chlorine level has
dropped below 200 ppm.
FARM PREMISES
Remove all animals, poultry, and feed from premises, vehicles, and enclosures.
Remove all litter and manure from floors, walls and surfaces of barns, pens,
stalls, chutes and other facilities occupied or transverse by animals or
poultry. Empty all troughs, racks and other feeding and watering appliances.
Throughly clean all sufaces with soap or detergent and rinse with water. To
disinfect, saturate all surfaces with a solution of at least 1000 ppm available
chlorine for a period of 10 minutes. A 1000 ppm solution can be made by
thoroughly mixing 11 oz. of this product with 10 gallons of water. Imnerse all
halters, ropes and other types of equipment used in handling and restraining
animals or poultry, as well as the cleaned forks, shovels and scrapers used for
removing litter and manure. Ventilate buildings, cars, boats and other closed
spaces. Do not house livestaock or poultry or employ equipment until chlorine
has been dissipated. All treated feed racks, mangers, troughs, automatic
feeders, fountains and waterers must be rinsed with potable water before reuse.
PULP AND PAPER MILL PROCESS WATER SYSTEMS
SLUG FEED METHOD - Initial Dose: When system is noticably fouled, apply 52 to
104 oz. of this product per 10,000 gallons of water in the system to obtain from
5 to 10 ppm available chlorine. Repeat until control is achieved.
Subsequent Dose: When microbial control is evident, add 11 oz. of this product
per 10,000 gallons of water in the system daily, or as needed to maintain
control and keep the chlorine residual at 1 ppm. Badly fouled systems must be
cleaned befor treatment is begun.
INTERMITTENT FEED METHOD - Initial Dose: When system is noticably fouled, apply
52 to 104 oz. of this product per 10,000 gallons of water in the system to obtain
5 to 10 ppm available chlorine. Apply half (or 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5) of this intial
dose when half {or 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5) of the water in the system has been lost by
blowdown.
Subsequent Dose: When microbial control is evident, add 11 oz. of this product
per 10,000 gallons of water in the system to obtain a 1 ppm residual. Apply
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half (or 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5) of this intial dose when half (or 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5)
of the water in the system has been lost by blowdown. Badly fouled systems must
be cleaned before treatment is begun.
CONTINUOUS FEED METHOD - Initial, Dose: When system is noticably fouled, apply 52
to 104 oz. of this product per 10,000 gallons of water in the system to obtain
5 to 10 ppm available chlorine.
Subsequent Dose: Maintain this treatment level by starting a continuous feed of
1 oz. of this product per 1,000 gallons of water lost by blowdown to maintain a
1 ppm residual. Badly fouled systems must be cleaned before treatment is begun.
BRIQUETTES OR TABLETS - Initially slug dose the system with 52 oz. of this
product per 10,000 gallons of water in the system. Badly fouled systems must be
cleaned before treatment is begun.
Subsequent Dose: When microbial control is evident, add 11 oz. of this product
per 10,000 gallons of water in the system daily, or as needed to maintain
control and keep the chlorine residual at 1 ppm. Badly fouled systems must be
cleaned before treatment is begun.
AGRICULTURAL USES
POST-HARVEST PROTECTION - Potatoes can be sanitized after cleaning and prior to
storage by spraying with a sanitizing solution at a level of 1 gallon of
sanitizing solution per tons of potatoes. Thoroughly mix 1 oz. of this product
to 2 gallons of water to obtain 500 ppm available chlorine.
Disinfect leafcutting bee cells and bee boards by immersion in a solution
containing 1 ppm available chlorine for 3 minutes. Allow cells to drain for 2
minutes and dry for 4 to 5 hours or until no chlorine odor can be detected.
This solution is made by thoroughly mix 1 Tsp. of this product to 100 gallons
of water. The bee domicile is disinfected by spraying with a 0.1 ppm solution
until all surfaces are thoroughly wet. Allow the domicile to dry until all
chlorine odor has dissipated.
FOOD EGG SANITI2ATION - Thoroughly clean all eggs. Thoroughly mix 2 oz. of this
product with 10 gallons of warm water to produce a 200 ppm available chlorine
solution. The sanitizer temperature should not exceed 130° P. Spray the warm
sanitizer so that the eggs are thoroughly wetted. Allow the eggs to thoroughl
dry before casing or breaking. D:> not apply a potable water rinse. The solution
should not be re-used to sanitize eggs.
FRUIT & VEGETABLE WASHING - Thoroughly clean all fruits and vegetables in a
wash tank. Thoroughly mix 5 oz. of this product in 200 gallons of water to make
a sanitizing solution of 25 ppm available chlorine. After draining the tank,
submerge fruit or vegetables for 2 minutes in a second wash tank containing the
recirculating sanitizing solution. Spray rinse vegatables with the sanitizing
solution prior to packaging. Rinse fruit with potable water only prior to
packaging.
SEEDS - To control bacterial spot (Xanthcmonas vesticatoris) on pimento seeds,
initially remove moist seeds from ripe fruits. To control surface fungi and bacteria
on Tomato seeds initially wash seeds. Immediately soak seeds in 39,000 ppm solution
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for 15 minutes with continuous aggitation. After treatment rinse seeds in potable
water for 15 minutes. Dry seeds to normal moisture. The solution may be made by
mixing 40 oz. of this product with each gallon of water.
MUSHROOMS - To control bacterial blotch (Pseudononas tolaasii), use a 100 to 200 ppm
solution prior to watering mushroom production surfaces. This solution may be made
by mixing 1 to 2 oz. of this product with 10 gallons of water. First application
should begin when pins form, and thereafter, between breaks on a need basis depending
on the occurence of bacterial blotch. This product may be applied directly to pins
to control small infection foci. Apply 7.5 to 10 oz. per square foot of growing space.
POST-HARVEST ROOTS - To control and reduce the spread of soft rot causing organisms
in water and on sweet potatoes (Iponoea batatas), spray or dip the potatoes with a
150 to 500 ppm solution for 2 to 5 minutes. Thoroughly mix 3 to 10 oz. of this
product per 20 gallons of water to obtain this solution. Monitor the chlorine
concentration and change the solution after one hour or as needed.
A3UACULTURAL USES
FISH PONDS - Remove fish from ponds prior to treatment. Thoroughly mix 103 oz.
of this product to 10,000 gallons of water to obtain 10 ppm available chlorine.
Add more product to the water if the available chlorine level is below 1 ppm after
5 minutes. Return fish to pond after the available chlorine level reaches zero.
FISH POND EQUIPMENT - Thoroughly clean all equipment prior to treatment.
Thoroughly mix 2 oz. of this product to 10 gallons of water to obtain 200 ppm
available chlorine. Porous equipment should soak for one hour.
MAINE LOBSTER PONDS - Remove lobsters, seaweed etc. fron ponds prior to
treatment. Drain the pond. Thoroughly mix 6,200 oz. of this product to 10,000
gallons of water to obtain at least 600 ppm available chlorine. Apply so that
all barrows, gates, rock and dam are treated with product. Permit high tide to
fill the pond and then close gates. Allow water to stand for 2 to 3 days until
the available chlorine level reaches zero. Open gates and allow 2 tidal cycles
to flush the pond before returning lobsters to pond.
CONDITIONING LIVE OYSTERS - Thoroughly mix 5 oz. of this product to 10,000
gallons of water at 50 to 70°F to obtain 0.5 ppm available chlorine. Expose
oysters to this solution for at least 15 minutes, monitoring the available
chlorine level so that it does not fall below 0.05 ppm. Repeat entire process
if the available chlorine level drops below 0.05 ppm or the temperature falls
below 50°F.
CONTROL OF SCAVENGERS IN FISH HATCHERY PONDS - Prepare a solution containing 200
ppm of available chlorine by mixing 2 oz. of product with 10 gallons of water.
Pour into drained pond potholes. Repeat if necessary. Do not put desirable fish
back into refilled ponds until chlorine residual has dropped to 0 ppm, as determined
by a test kit.
SANITIZATION OF DIALYSIS MACHINES
Flush equipment thoroughly with water prior to using this product. Thoroughly
mix 6 oz. of this product to 10 gallons of water to obtain at least 600 ppm
available chlorine. Immediately use this product in the hemodialysate system
allowing for a minimum contact time of 15 minutes at 20°C. Drain system of
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the sanitizing solution and thoroughly rinse with water. Discard and DO NOT
reuse the spent sanitizer. Rinsate must be monitored with a suitable test kit
to insure that no available chlorine remains in the system.
This product is recommended for decontaminating single and multipatient
hemodialysate systems. This product has been shown to be an effective
disinfectant (virucide, fungicide, bactericide, pseudomonicide) when tested by
AOAC and EPA test methods. This product may not totally eliminate all
vegatative microorganisms in herodialysate delivery systems due to their
construction and/or assembly, but can be relied upon to reduce the number of
microorganisms to acceptable levels when used as directed. This product should
be used in a disinfectant program which includes bacteriologiocal monitoring of
the hemodialysate delivery system. This product os NOT reccmnended for use in
hemodialysate or reverse osmosis (RO) membranes.
Consult the guidelines for hemodialysate systems which are available from the
Hepatitis Laboratories, CDC, Phoenix, AR 85021.
ASPHAL:: OR WOOD ROOFS AND SIDINGS
To control fungus and mildew, first remove all physical soil by brushing and hosing
with clean water, and apply a 5000 ppm available chlorine solution. Mix 5 oz. of
this product per gallon of water and brush or spray roof or siding. After 30 minutes,
rinse by hosing with clean water.
BOAT BOTTOMS
To control slime on boat bottoms, sling a plastic tarp under boat, retaining enough
water to cover the fouled bottom area, but not allowing water to enter enclosed
area. This envelope should contain approximately 500 gallons of water for a 14
foot boat. Add 18 oz. of this product to this water to obtain a 35 ppm available
chlorine concentration. Leave immersed for 8 to 12 hours. Repeat if necessary. Do
not discharge the solution until the free chlorine level has dropped to 0 ppm, as
determined by a swimming pool test kit.
ARTIFICIAL SAND BEACHES
To sanitize the sand, spray a 500 ppm available chlorine solution containing 5 oz.
of this product per 10 gal. of water at frequent intervals. Small areas can be
sprinkled with a watering can.
FODD PROCESSING PLANTS
POULTRY DRINKING WATER - Spray or flush with a solution containing 5 oz. of this
product for every gallon of water. Treat poultry drinking water to a dosage of
1 to 5 ppm available chlorine by adding 5 to 25 oz. of this product per 1000
gallons of water.
FISH FILLETING - Eviscerated and degilled fish removed frcm the fishing vessel are
placed in a wash tank of seawater or fresh water which has been treated with enough
product to produce a chlorine residual of 25 ppm, as determined by a test kit.
Remove fish frcm treated water 24 to 48 hours before filleting. After scaling the
fish are again washed in a 25 pprn solution, and are ready for filleting.
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PECAN CRACKING AND DYEING - Prepare a 1000 ppn available chlorine soaking solution
by adding 5 oz. of this product for each 5 gallons of water to obtain a 1000 ppm
available chlorine content. Soak for a minimum of 10 minutes. After removal, age
pecans for 24 hours. Before bleaching, pecans are placed in a rotary cleaner
where they are washed, drained, and soaked in a 2% sulphuric acid bath at 80 to
90°F for 1 minute. Transfer to a solution containing 512 oz. of this product for
each 100 gallons of water (5000 ppm). After 4 to 8 minutes, they are drained and
washed in a 1% sulphuric acid bath at 80 to 90°F. They are then dried.
BACTERIAL CONTROL IN SUGAR REFINERIES - To reduce dust-collecting bacteria, apply
a solution containing 84 oz. of this product for each gallon of water (8000 ppm
available chlorine) continuously by gravity into the recirculating low concentration
syrup in the dust collector. Adjust the feed to give a chlorine residual of about
10 ppm in the syrup leaving the dust collector system. To reduce gum-forming
bacteria, coat raw sugar with a solution of low concentration of product to
control bacteria. To control of thermophillic bacteria in vacuum pans, feed a
solution containing 84 oz. of this product for each ton of sugar (dry weight) in
the vacuum pans.
TOILET BOWL SANITIZERS
[These products are marketed as individual packages for placement in the toilet.
Therefore, use directions are not appropriate.]
[Claims are limited to sanitization. No claims for disinfection are permitted.]
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PRODUCT NAME
ACTIVE INGREDIENT:
Sodium Hypochlorite ,12.5%
INERT INGREDIENTS: 87.5%
KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN
DANGER
STATEMENT OF PRACTICAL TREATMENT (FIRST AID)6/
IF CONTACT WITH EYES OCCURS, flush with waiter for at least 15 minutes. Get
prompt medical attention.
IF CONTACT WITH SKIN OCCURS, wash with plenty of soap and water.
IF SWALLOWED, drink large quantities of milk or gelatin solution, if these are
not available, drink large quantities of water. DO NOT give vinegar or other
acids. DO NOT induce vomiting. Get prompt medical attention.
(See additional precautions on side panel.)
Manufactured by:
ABC Chemical Corporation
P.O. Box 99
New York, New York
99999
EPA REG NO. 10237-20003 EPA EST 10237-KS-l
NET CONTENTS:
6/ It is only suggested that First Aid statements be placed on the front panel.
If placed on another panel (e.g. the back panel), the label must have the referral
statement, "See other precautions on back panel".
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PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS
HAZARDS TO HUMANS AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS
DANGER: Corrosive, may cause severe skin and eye irritation or chemical burns
to broken skin. Causes eye damage. Wear safety glasses or goggles and rubber
gloves when handling this product. Wash after handling. Avoid breathing vapors.
Vacate poorly ventilated areas as soon as possible. Do not return until strong
odors have dissipated.
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
This product is toxic to fish. Do not discharge into lakes, streams, ponds or
public waterways unless in accordance with a NPDES permit. For guidance,
contact the regional office of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL HAZARDS
STRONG OXIDIZING AGENT: Mix only with water according to label directions.
Mixing this product with chemicals (e.g. ammonia, acids, detergents, etc.)
or organic matter (e.g. urine, feces, etc.) will release chlorine gas which
is irritating to eyes, lungs and mucous membranes.
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DIRECTIONS FOR USE
It is a violation of federal law to use this product in a manner inconsistent
with its labeling.
NOTE: This product degrades with age. Use a chlorine test kit and increase
dosage, as necessary, to obtain the required level of available chlorine.
STORAGE AND DISPOSAL
Store this product in a cool dry area, away from direct sunlight and heat to
avoid deterioration. In case of spill, flood areas with large quantities of
water. Product or rinsates that cannot be used should be diluted with water
before disposal in a sanitary sewer. Do not reuse container but place in trash
collection. Do not contaminate food or feed by storage, disposal or cleaning of
equipment.
SWIMMING POOL WATER DISINFECTION
For a new pool or spring start-up, superchlorinate with 52 to 104 oz. of product
for each 10,000 gallons of water to yield 5 to 10 ppn available chlorine by weight.
Check the level of available chlorine with a test kit. Adjust and maintain pool
water pH to between 7.2 to 7.6. Adjust and maintain the alkalinity of the pool to
between 50 to 100 ppm.
To maintain the pool, add manually or by a feeder device 11 oz. of this product
for each 10,000 gallons of water to yield an available chlorine residual
between 0.6 to 1.0 ppm by weight. Stabilized pools should maintain a residual
of 1.0 to 1.5 ppm available chlorine. Test the pH, available chlorine residual
and alkalinity of the water frequently with appropriate test kits. Frequency of
water treatment will depend upon temperature and number of swiirroers.
Every 7 days, or as necessary, superchlorinate the pool with 52 to 104 oz. of
product for each 10,000 gallons of water to yield 5 to 10 ppm available chlorine
by weight. Check the level of available chlorine with a test kit. Do not reenter
pool until the chlorine residual is between 1.0 to 3.0 ppm.
At the end of the swimming pool season or when water is to drained from the
pool, chlorine must be allowed to dissipate from treated pool water before
discharge. Do not chlorinate the pool within 24 hours prior to discharge.
WINTERIZING POOLS - While water is still clear & clean , apply 3 oz. of product
per 1000 gallons, while filter Is running, to obtain a 3 ppm available chlorine
residual, as detemined by a suitable test kit. Cover pool, prepare heater, filter
and heater components for winter by following manufacturers' instructions.
SPAS, HOT-TUBS, IMMERSION TANKS, ETC.
SPAS/HOT-TUBS - Apply 5 oz. of product per 1000 gallons of water to obtain a free
available chlorine concentration of 5 ppm, as determined by a suitable chlorine
test kit. Adjust and maintain pool water pH to between 7.2 and 7.8. Sane oils,
lotions, fragrances, cleaners, etc. may cause foaming or cloudy water as well as
reduce the efficiency of the product.
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TO maintain the water, apply 5 oz. of product per 1000 gallons of water over the
surface to maintain a chlorine concentration of 5 ppm.
After each use, shock treat with 8 oz. of this product per 500 gallons of water
to control odor and algae.
During extended periods of disuse, add 3 oz. of product daily per 1000 gallons
of water to maintain a 3 ppm chlorine concentration.
HUBBARD AND IMMERSION TANKS - Add 5 oz. of this product per 200 gallons of water
before patient use to obtain a chlorine residual of 25 ppm, as determined by a
suitable test kit. Adjust and maintain the water pH to between 7.2 and 7.6. After
each use drain the tank. Add 5 oz. to a bucket of water and circulate this solution
through the agitator of the tank for 15 minutes and then rinse out the solution.
Clean tank thoroughly and dry with clean cloths.
HYDROTHERAPY TANKS - Add 1 oz. of this product per 1000 gallons of water to
obtain a chlorine residual of 1 ppm, as determined by a suitable chlorine test
kit. Pool should not be entered until the chlorine residual is below 3 ppm. Adjust
and maintain the water pH to between 7.2 and 7.6. Operate pool filter continuously.
Drain pool weekly, and clean before refilling.
SANITIZATION OF NONPOROUS POOD CONTACT SURFACES
RINSE METHOD - A solution of 100 ppm available chlorine may be used in the
sanitizing solution if a chlorine test kit is available. Solutions containing
an initial concentration of 100 ppm available chlorine must be tested and
adjusted periodically to insure that the available chlorine does not drop below
50 ppm. Prepare a 100 ppm sanitizing solution by thoroughly mixing 1 oz. of this
product with 10 gallons of water. If no test kit is available, prepare a sanit-
izing solution by thoroughly mixing 2 oz. of this product with 10 gallons of
water to provide approximately 200 ppm available chlorine by weight.
Clean equipment surfaces in the normal manner. Prior to use, rinse all surfaces
thoroughly with the sanitizing solution, maintaining contact with the sanitizer
for at least 2 minutes. If solution contains less than 50 ppm available
chlorine, as determined by a suitable test kit, either discard the solution or
add sufficient product to reestablish a 200 ppm residual. Do not rinse
equipment with water after treatment and do not soak equipment overnight.
Sanitizers used in automated systems may be used for general cleaning but may
not be re-used for sanitizing purposes.
IMMERSION METHOD - A solution of 100 ppm available chlorine may be used in the
sanitizing solution if a chlorine test kit is available. Solutions containing
an initial concentration of 100 ppm available chlorine must be tested and
adjusted periodically to insure that the available chlorine does not drqp below
50 ppm. Prepare a 100 ppm sanitizing solution by thoroughly mixing 1 oz. of this
product with 10 gallons of water. If no test kit is available, prepare a sanit-
izing solution by thoroughly mixing 2 oz. of this product with 10 gallons of water
to provide approximately 200 ppm available chlorine by weight.
Clean equipment in the normal manner. Prior to use, immerse equipment in the
sanitizing solution for at least 2 minutes and allow the sanitizer to drain, if
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solution contains less than 50 ppm available chlorine, as determined by a
suitable test kit, either discard the solution or add sufficient product to
reestablish a 200 ppm residual. Do not rinse equipment with water after
treatment.
Sanitizers used in automated systems may be used for general cleaning but may
not be re-used for sanitizing purposes.
FLOW/PMSSURE METHOD - Disassemble equipment and throughly clean after use.
Assemble equipment in operating position prior to use. Prepare a volume of a
200 ppm available chlorine sanitizing solution equal to 110% of volume
capacity of the equipment by mixing the product in a ratio of 2 oz. product
with 10 gallons of water. Pump solution through the system until full flow is
obtained at all extremities, the system is completely filled with the sanitizer
and all air is removed from the system. Close drain valves and hold under
pressure for at least 2 minutes to insure contact with all internal surfaces.
Remove some cleaning solution from drain valve and test with a chlorine test
kit. Repeat entire cleaning/sanitizing process if effluent contains less than
50 ppm available chlorine. Rinse system with potable water prior to use.
CLEAN-IN-PIACE METHOD - Throughly clean equipment after use. Prepare a volume
of a 200 ppm available chlorine sanitizing solution equal to 110% of volume
capacity of the equipment by mixing the product in a ratio of 2 oz. product
with 10 gallons of water. Pump solution through the system until full flow is
obtained at all extremities, the system is completely filled with the sanitizer
and all air is removed from the system. Close drain valves and hold under
pressure for at least 10 minutes to insure contact with all internal surfaces.
Remove some cleaning solution from drain valve and test with a chlorine test
kit. Repeat entire cleaning/sanitizing process if effluent contains less than
50 ppm available chlorine. Rinse system with potable water prior to use.
SPRAY/FOG METHOD - Preclean all surfaces after use. Use a 200 ppm available
chlorine solution to control bacteria, mold or fungi and a 600 ppm solution to
control bacteriophage. Prepare a 200 ppm sanitizing solution of sufficient size
by thoroughly mixing the product in a ratio of 2 oz. product with 10 gallons of
water. Prepare a 600 ppm solution by thoroughly mixing the product in a ratio
of 6 oz. product with 10 gallons of water. Use spray or fogging equipment which
can resist hypochlorite solutions. Always empty and rinse spray/fog equipment
with potable water after use. Throughly spray or fog all sufaces until wet,
allowing excess sanitizer to drain. Vacate area for at least 2 hours. Prior to
using equipment, rinse all surfaces treated with a 600 ppm solution with a 200
ppm solution.
SANITIZATION OF POROUS FOOD CONTACT SURFACES
RINSE METHOD - Prepare a sanitizing solution by throughly mixing 6 oz. of this
product with 10 gallons of water to provide approximately 600 ppm available
chlorine by weight. Clean surfaces in the normal manner. Prior to use, rinse
all surfaces thoroughly with the sanitizing solution, maintaining contact with
the sanitizer for at least 2 minutes. Rinse equipment with water after
treatment and do not soak equipment overnight.
IMMERSION METHOD - Prepare a sanitizing solution by throughly mixing, in an
immersion tank, 6 oz. of this product with 10 gallons of water to provide
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approximately 600 ppm available chlorine by weight. Clean equipment in the
normal manner. Prior to use, immerse equipment in the sanitizing solution for
at least 2 minutes and allow the sanitizer to drain. Rinse equipment with water
after treatment.
SPRAY/FOG METHOD - Preclean all surfaces after use. Prepare a 600 ppm available
chlorine sanitizing solution of sufficient size by throuoghly mixing the
product in a ratio of 6 oz. product with 10 gallons of water. Use spray or
fogging equipment which can resist hypochlorite solutions. Always empty and
rinse spray/fog equipment with potable water after use. Throughly spray or fog
all sufaces until wet, allowing excess sanitizer to drain, vacate area for at
least 2 hours. Prior to using equipment, rinse all surfaces with a 200 ppm
available chlorine solution. Prepare a 200 ppm sanitizing solution by thoroughly
mixing 2 oz. of this product with 10 gallons of water.
SANITIZATION OF NONPOROUS NON-FOOD CONTACT SURFACES
RINSE METHOD - Prepare a sanitizing solution by throughly mixing 2 oz. of this
product with 10 gallons of water to provide approximately 200 ppm available
chlorine by weight. Clean equipment surfaces in the normal manner. Prior to
use, rinse all surfaces thoroughly with the sanitizing solution, maintaining
contact with the sanitizer for at least 2 minutes. Do not rinse equipment with
water after treatment and do not soak equipment overnight.
IMMERSION METHOD - Prepare a sanitizing solution by throughly mixing, in an
immersion tank, 2 oz. of this product with 10 gallons of water to provide
approximately 200 ppm available chlorine by weight. Clean equipment in the
normal manner. Prior to use, immerse equipment in the sanitizing solution for
at least 2 minutes and allow the sanitizer to drain. Do not rinse equipment
with water after treatment.
SPRAY/FOG METHOD - Preclean all surfaces after use. Prepare a 200 ppm available
chlorine sanitizing solution of sufficient size by throuoghly mixing the
product in a ratio of 2 oz. product with 10 gallons of water. Use spray or
fogging equipment which can resist hypochlorite solutions, prior to using
equipment, throughly spray or fog all sufaces until wet, allowing excess sanitizer
to drain. Vacate area for at least 2 hours.
DISINFECTION OF NONPOROUS NON-FOOD CONTACT SURFACES
RINSE METHOD - Prepare a disinfecting solution by throughly mixing 6 oz. of
this product with 10 gallons of water to provide approximately 600 ppm
available chlorine by weight. Clean equipment surfaces in the normal manner.
Prior to use, rinse all surfaces thoroughly with the disinfecting solution,
maintaining contact with the solution for at least 10 minutes. Do not rinse
equipment with water after treatment and do not soak equipment overnight.
IMMERSION METHOD - Prepare a disinfecting solution by throughly mixing, in an
immersion tank, 6 oz. of this product with 10 gallons of water to provide
approximately 600 ppm available chlorine by weight. Clean equipment in the
normal manner. Prior to use, immerse equipnient in the disinfecting solution for
at least 10 minutes and allow the sanitizer to drain. Do not rinse equipment
with water after treatment.
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SANITIZATION OF POROUS NON-FOOD CONTACT SURFACES
RINSE METHOD - Prepare a sanitizing solution by throughly mixing 6 oz. of this
product with 10 gallons of water to provide approximately 600 pprc available
chlorine by weight. Clean surfaces in the normal manner. Prior to use, rinse
all surfaces thoroughly with the sanitizing solution, maintaining contact with
the sanitizer for at least 2 minutes. Do not rinse equipment with water after
treatment and do not soak equipment overnight.
IMMERSION METHOD - Prepare a sanitizing solution by throughly mixing, in an
immersion tank, 6 oz. of this product with 10 gallons of water to provide
approximately 600 ppm available chlorine by weight. Clean equipment in the
normal manner. Prior to use, immerse equipment in the sanitizing solution for
at least 2 minutes and allow the sanitizer to drain. Do not rinse equipment
with water after treatment.
SPRAY/FOG METHOD - After cleaning, sanitize non-food contact surfaces with 600
ppm available chlorine by throuoghly mixing the product in a ratio of 6 oz. of
this product with 10 gallons of water. Use spray or fogging equipment which can
resist hypochlorite solutions. Always empty and rinse spray/fog equipment with
potable water after use. prior to using equipment, throughly spray or fog all
sufaces until wet, allowing excess sanitizer to drain. Vacate area for at least
2 hours.
SEWAGE & WASTEWATER EFFLUENT TREATMENT
The disinfection of sewage effluent must be evaluated by determining the total
number of coliform bacteria and/or fecal coliform bacteria, as determined by
the Most Probable Number (MPN) procedure, of the chlorinated effluent has been
reduced to or below the maximum permited by the controlling regulatory
jurisdiction.
On the average, satisfactroy disinfection of secondary wastewater effluent can
be obtained when the chlorine residual is 0.5 ppm after 15 minutes contact.
Although the chlorine residual is the critical critical factor in disinfection,
the importance of correlating chlorine residual with bacterial kill must be
emphasized. The MPN of the effluent, which is directly related to the water
quality standards requirements, should be the final and primary standard and
the chlorine residual should be considered an operating standard valid only to
the extent verified by the coliform quality of the effluent.
The following are critical factors affecting wastewater disinfection.
1. Mixing: It is imperative that the product and the wastewater be
instantaneously and completly flash mixed to assure reaction with
every chemically active soluble and particulate component of the
wastewater.
2. Contacting: Upon flash mixing, the flow through the system must be
maintained.
3. Dosage/Residual Control: Successful disinfection is extremely
dependent on response to fluctuating chlorine demand to maintain a
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predetermined, desirable chlorine level. Secondary effluent should
contain 0.2 to 1.0 ppn chlorine residual after a 15 to 30 minute
contact tiitie. A reasonable average of residual chlorine is 0.5 ppm
after 15 minutes contact time.
SEWAGE AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT
EFFLUENT SLIME CONTROL - Apply a 100 to 1000 ppn available chlorine solution at a
location which will allow complete mixing. Prepare this solution by mixing 10 to
100 oz. of this product with 100 gallons of water. Once control is evident, apply
a 15 ppn available chlorine solution. Prepare this solution by mixing 3 oz. of
this product with 100 gallons of water.
FILTER BEDS - SLIME CONTROL: Remove filter from service, drain to a depth of 1 ft.
above filter sand, and add 80 oz. of product per 20 sq/ft evenly over the surface.
Wait 30 minutes before draining water to a level that is even with the top of the
filter. Wait for 4 to 6 hours before completely draining and backwashing filter.
DISINFECTION OF DRINKING WATER (EMERGENCY/PUBLIC/INDIVIDUAL SYSTEMS}
PUBLIC SYSTEMS: Mix a ratio of 1 oz. of this product to 100 gallons of water.
Begin feeding this solution with a hypochlorinator until a free available chlorine
residual of at least 0.2 ppn and no more than 0.6 ppn is attained throughout the
distribution system. Check water frequently with a chlorine test kit. Bacterio-
logical sampling must be conducted at a frequency no less than that prescribed by
the National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations. Contact your local Health
Department for further details.
INDIVIDUAL SYSTEMS: DUG WELLS Upon completion of the casing (lining) wash the
interior of the casing (lining) with a 100 ppn available chlorine solution using a
stiff brush. This solution can be made by throughly mixing 1 oz. of this product
into 10 gallons of water. After covering the well, pour the sanitizing solution
into the well through both the pipesleeve opening and the pipeline. Wash the exterior
of the pump cylinder also with the sanitizing solution. Start pump and pump water
until strong odor of chlorine in water is noted. Stop pump and wait at least 24
hours. After 24 hours flush well until all traces of chlorine have been removed
from the water. Consult your local Health Department for further details.
INDIVIDUAL WATER SYSTEMS: DRILLED, DRIVEN & BORED WELLS Run pump until water is
as free from turbity as possible. Pour a 100 ppn available chlorine sanitizing
solution into the well. This solution can be made by throughly mixing 1 oz. of
this product into 10 gallons of water. Add 5 to 10 gallons of clean, chlorinted
water to the well in order to force the sainizer into the rock formation. Wash the
exterior of pump cylinder with the sanitizer. Drop pipeline into well, start punp
and pump water until strong odor of chlorine in water is noted. Stop pump and wait
at least 24 hours. After 24 hours flush well until all traces of chlorine have
been removed from the water. Deep wells with high water levels may necessitate the
use of special methods for introduction of the sanitizer into the well. Consult
your local Health Department for further details.
INDIVIDUAL WATER SYSTEMS: FLOWING ARTESIAN WELLS Artesian wells generally do not
require disinfection. If analyses indicate persistant contamination, the well
should be disinfected. Consult your local Health Department for further details.
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EMERGENCY DISINFECTION - When boiling of water for 1 minute is not practical,
water can be made potable by using this product, prior to addition of the
sanitizer, remove all suspended material by filtration or by allowing it to
settle to the bottom. Decant the clarified/ contaminated water to a clean
container and add 1 drop of this product to 20 gallons of water. Allow the
treated water to stand for 30 minutes. Properly treated water should have a
slight chlorine odor, if not, repeat dosage and allow the water to stand an
additional 15 minutes. The treated water can then be made palatable by pouring
it between clean containers for several times.
PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS
RESERVOIRS - ALGAE CONTROL: Hypochlorinate streams feeding the reservoir. Suitable
feeding points should be selected on each stream at least 50 yards upstream from
the points of entry into the reservoir.
MAINS - Thoroughly flush section to be sanitized by discharging from hydrants.
Permit a water flow of at least 2.5 feet per minute to continue under pressure
while injecting this product by means of a hypochlorinator. Stop water flow when a
chlorine residual test of 50 ppm is obtained at the low pressure end of the new
main section after a 24 hour retention time. When chlorination is completed, the
system must be flushed free of all heavily chlorinated water.
NEW TANKS, BASINS, ETC. - Remove all physical soil from surfaces. Place 20 oz. of
this product for each 5 cubic feet of working capacity (500 ppm available chlorine)
Fill to working capacity and allow to stand for at least 4 hours. Drain and flush
with potable water and return to surface.
NEW FILTER SAND - Apply 80 oz. of this product for each 150 to 200 cubic feet of
sand. The action of the product dissolving as the water passes through the bed will
aid in sanitizing the new sand.
NEW WELLS - Flush the casing with a 50 ppm available chlorine solution of water
containing 5 oz. of this product for each 100 gallons of water. The solution
should be pumped or fed by gravity into the well after thorough mixing with agitation.
The well should stand for several hours or overnight under chlorination. It may
then be pumped until a representative raw water sample is obtained. Bacterial
examination of the water will indicate whether further treatment is necessary.
EXISTING EQUIPMENT - Remove equipment from service, thoroughly clean surfaces of
all physical soil. Sanitize by placing 21 oz. of this product for each 5 cubic feet
capacity (approximately 500 ppm available chlorine). Fill to working capacity and
let stand at least 4 hours. Drain and place in service. If the previous treatment
is not practical, surfaces may be sprayed with a solution containing 5 oz. of this
product for each 5 gallons of water (approximately 1000 ppm available chlorine).
After drying, flush with water and return to service.
EMERGENCY DISINFECTION AFTER FLOODS
WELLS - Thoroughly flush contaminated casing with a 500 ppm available chlorine
solution. Prepare this solution by mixing 5 oz. of this product with 10 gallons of
water. Backwash the well to increase yield and reduce turbidity, adding sufficient
chlorinating solution to the backwash to produce a 10 ppm available chlorine
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residual, as determined by a chlorine test kit. After the turbididty has been
reduced and the casing has been treated, add sufficient chlorinating solution to
produce a 50 ppm available chlorine residual. Aggitate the well water for several
hours and take a representative water sample. Retreat well if water samples are
biologically unacceptable.
RESERVOIRS - In case of contamination by overflowing streams, establish
hypochlorinating stations upstream of the reservior. Chlorinate the inlet water
until the entire reservior obtains a 0.2 ppn available chlorine residual, as
determined by a suitable chlorine test kit. In case of contamination from surface
drainage, apply sufficient product directly to the reservior to obtain a 0.2 ppm
available chlorine residual in all parts of the reservior.
BASINS, TANKS, FLUMES, ETC. - Thoroughly clean all equipment, then apply 20 oz.
of product per 5 cu. ft. of water to obtain 500 ppm available chlorine, as
determined by a suitable test kit. After 24 hours drain, flush, and return to
service. If the previous method is not suitable, spray or flush the equipment with
a solution containing 5 oz. of this product for each 5 gallons of water (1000 ppm
available chlorine). Allow to stand for 2 to 4 hours, flush and return to service.
FILTERS - When the sand filter needs replacement, apply 80 oz. of this product for
each 150 to 200 cubic feet of sand. When the filter is severely contaminated,
additional product should be distributed over the surface at the rate of 80 oz. per
20 sq. ft.. Water should stand at a depth of 1 foot above the surface of the
filter bed for 4 to 24 hours. When filter beds can be backwashed of mud and silt,
apply 80 oz. of this product per each 50 sq. ft., allowing the water to stand at a
depth of 1 foot above the filter sand. After 30 minutes, drain water to the level
of the filter. After 4 to 6 hours drain, and proceed with normal backwashing.
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM - Flush repaired or replaced section with water. Establish a
hypochlorinating station and apply sufficient product until a consistent available
chlorine residual of at least 10 ppm remains after a 24 hour retention time. Use
a chlorine test kit.
EMERGENCY DISINFECTION AFTER FIRES
CROSS CONNECTIONS OR EMERGENCY CONNECTIONS - Hypochlorination or gravity feed
equipment should be set up near the intake of the untreated water supply. Apply
sufficient product to give a chlorine residual of at least 0.1 to 0.2 ppm at the
point where the untreated supply enters the regular distribution system. Use a
chlorine test kit.
EMERGENCY DISINFECTION AFTER DROUGHTS
SUPPLEMENTARY WATER SUPPLIES - Gravity or mechanical hypochlorite feeders should be
set up on a supplementary line to dose the water to a minimum chlorine residual
of 0.2 ppm after a 20 minute contact time. Use a chlorine test kit.
WATER SHIPPED IN BY TANKS, TANK CARS, TRUCKS, ETC. - Thoroughly clean all containers
and equipment. Spray a 500 ppm available chlorine solution and rinse with potable
water after 5 minutes. This solution is made by mixing 5 oz. of this product for
each 10 gallons of water. During the filling of the containers, dose with sufficient
amounts of this product to provide at least a 0.2 ppm chlorine residual. Use a
chlorine test kit.
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EMERGENCY DISINFECTION AFTER MAIN BREAKS
MAINS - Before assembly of the repaired section, flush out mud and soil. Permit a
water flow of at least 2.5 feet per minute to continue under pressure while inject-
ing this product by means of a hypochlorinator. Stop water flow when a chlorine
residual test of 50 ppn is obtained at the low pressure end of the new main section
after a 24 hour retention time. When chlorination is completed, the system must be
flushed free of all heavily chlorinated water.
COOLING TOWER/EVAPORATIVE CONDENSER WATER
SLUG FEED METHOD - Initial Dcse: When system is noticably fouled, apply 52 to
104 oz. of this product per 10,000 gallons of water in the system to obtain from
5 to 10 ppm available chlorine. Repeat until control is achieved.
Subsequent Dose: When microbial control is evident, add 11 oz. of this product
per 10,000 gallons of water in the system daily, or as needed to maintain
control and keep the chlorine residual at 1 ppm. Badly fouled systems must be
cleaned befor treatment is begun.
INTERMITTENT FEED METHOD - Initial Dose: When system is noticably fouled, apply
52 to 104 oz. of this product per 10,000 gallons of water in the system to obtain
5 to 10 ppm available chlorine. Apply half (or 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5) of this intial
dose when half (or 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5) of the water in the system has been lost by
blowdown.
Subsequent Dose: When microbial control is evident, add 11 oz. of this product
per 10,000 gallons of water in the system to obtain a 1 ppm residual. Apply
half (or 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5) of this intial dose when half (or 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5}
of the water in the system has been lost by blowdown. Badly fouled systems must
be cleaned before treatment is begun.
CONTINUOUS FEED METHOD - Initial Dose: When system is noticably fouled, apply 52
to 104 oz. of this product per 10,000 gallons of water in the system to obtain 5
to 10 ppn available chlorine.
Subsequent Dose: Maintain this treatment level by starting a continuous feed of
1 oz. of this product per 1,000 gallons of water lost by blowdown to maintain a
1 ppm residual. Badly fouled systems must be cleaned before treatment is begun.
BRIQUETTES OR TABLETS - Initially slug dose the system with 52 oz. of this
product per 10,000 gallons of water in the system. Badly fouled systems must be
cleaned before treatment is begun.
Subsequent Dose: When microbial control is evident, add 11 oz. of this product
per 10,000 gallons of water in the system daily, or as needed to maintain
control and keep the chlorine residual at 1 ppm. Badly fouled systems must be
cleaned before treatment is begun.
LAUNDRY SANITIZERS
Household Laundry Sanitizers
IN SOAKING SUDS - Thoroughly mix 2 oz. of this product to 10 gallons of wash
water to provide 200 ppm available chlorine. Wait 5 minutes, then add soap or
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detergent. Immerse laundry for at least 11 minutes prior starting the wash/rinse
cycle.
IN WASHING SUDS - Thoroughly mix 2 oz. of this product to 10 gallons of wash
water containing clothes to provide 200 ppm available chlorine. Wait 5 minutes,
then add soap or detergent and start the wash/rinse cycle.
Commercial Laundry Sanitizers
Wet fabrics or clothes should be spun dry prior to sanitization. Thoroughly mix
2 oz. of this product with 10 gallons of water to yield 200 ppm available
chlorine. Promptly after mixing the sanitizer, add the solution into the
prewash prior to washing fabrics/clothes in the regular wash cycle with a good
detergent. Test the level of available chlorine, if solution has been allowed
to stand. Add more of this product if the the available chlorine level has
dropped below 200 ppm.
FARM PREMISES
Remove all animals, poultry, and feed from premises, vehicles, and enclosures.
Remove all litter and manure from floors, walls and surfaces of barns, pens,
stalls, chutes and other facilities occupied or transverse by animals or
poultry. Empty all troughs, racks and other feeding and watering appliances.
Throughly clean all sufaces with soap or detergent and rinse with water. To
disinfect, saturate all surfaces with a solution of at least 1000 ppm available
chlorine for a period of 10 minutes. A 1000 ppm solution can be made by
thoroughly mixing 11 oz. of this product with 10 gallons of water, immerse all
halters, ropes and other types of equipment used in handling and restraining
animals or poultry, as well as the cleaned forks, shovels and scrapers used for
removing litter and manure. Ventilate buildings, cars, boats and other closed
spaces. Do not house livestaock or poultry or employ equipment until chlorine
has been dissipated. All treated feed racks, mangers, troughs, automatic
feeders, fountains and waterers must be rinsed with potable water before reuse.
PULP AND PAPER MILL PROCESS WATER SYSTEMS
SLUG FEED METHOD - Initial Dose: When system is noticably fouled, apply 52 to
104 oz. of this product per 10,000 gallons of water in the system to obtain from
5 to 10 ppm available chlorine. Repeat until control is achieved.
Subsequent Dose: When microbial control is evident, add 11 oz. of this product
per 10,000 gallons of water in the system daily, or as needed to maintain
control and keep the chlorine residual at 1 ppm. Badly fouled systems must be
cleaned befor treatment is begun.
INTERMITTENT FEED METHOD - Initial Dose: When system is noticably fouled, apply
52 to 104 oz. of this product per 10,000 gallons of water in the system to obtain
5 to 10 ppm available chlorine. Apply half (or 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5) of this intial
dose when half (or 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5) of the water in the system has been lost by
blowdown.
Subsequent Dose: When microbial control is evident, add 11 oz. of this product
per 10,000 gallons of water in the system to obtain a 1 ppm residual. Apply
half (or 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5) of this intial dose when half (or 1/3, 1/4, or 1/5)
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of the water in the system has been lost by blowdown. Badly fouled systems must
be cleaned before treatment is begun.
CONTINUOUS FEED METHOD - Initial Dose: When system is noticably fouled, apply 52
to 104 oz. of this product per 10,000 gallons of water in the system to obtain
5 to 10 ppm available chlorine.
Subsequent Dose: Maintain this treatment level by starting a continuous feed of
1 oz. of this product per 1,000 gallons of water lost by blowdown to maintain a
1 ppm residual. Badly fouled systems must be cleaned before treatment is begun.
BRIQUETTES OR TABLETS - Initially slug dose the system with 52 oz. of this
product per 10,000 gallons of water in the system. Badly fouled systems must be
cleaned before treatment is begun.
Subsequent Dose: When microbial control is evident, add 11 oz. of this product
per 10,000 gallons of water in the system daily, or as needed to maintain
control and keep the chlorine residual at 1 ppm. Badly fouled systems must be
cleaned before treatment is begun.
AGRICULTURAL USES
POST-HARVEST PROTECTION - Potatoes can be sanitized after cleaning and prior to
storage by spraying with a sanitizing solution at a level of 1 gallon of
sanitizing solution per tons of potatoes. Thoroughly mix 1 oz. of this product
to 2 gallons of water to obtain 500 ppm available chlorine.
Disinfect leafcutting bee cells and bee boards by immersion in a solution
containing 1 ppm available chlorine for 3 minutes. Allow cells to drain for 2
minutes and dry for 4 to 5 hours or until no chlorine odor can be detected.
This solution is made by thoroughly mix 1 Tsp. of this product to 100 gallons
of water. The bee domicile is disinfected by spraying with a 0.1 ppm solution
until all surfaces are thoroughly wet. Allow the domicile to dry until all
chlorine odor has dissipated.
POOD EGG SANITIZATION - Thoroughly clean all eggs. Thoroughly mix 2 oz. of this
product with 10 gallons of warm water to produce a 200 ppm available chlorine
solution. The sanitizer temperature should not exceed 130° F. Spray the warm
sanitizer so that the eggs are thoroughly wetted. Allow the eggs to thoroughl
dry before casing or breaking. Do not apply a potable water rinse. The solution
should not be re-used to sanitize eggs.
FRUIT & VEGETABLE WASHING - Thoroughly clean all fruits and vegetables in a
wash tank. Thoroughly mix 5 oz. of this product in 200 gallons of water to make
a sanitizing solution of 25 ppm available chlorine. After draining the tank,
submerge fruit or vegetables for 2 minutes in a second wash tank containing the
recirculating sanitizing solution. Spray rinse vegatables with the sanitizing
solution prior to packaging., Rinse fruit with potable water only prior to
packaging.
AQUACULTURAL USES
FISH PONDS - Remove fish from ponds prior to treatment. Thoroughly mix 103 oz.
of this product to 10,000 gallons of water to obtain 10 ppm available chlorine.
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Add more product to the water if the available chlorine level is below 1 ppm after
5 minutes. Return fish to pond after the available chlorine level reaches zero.
FISH POND EQUIPMENT - Thoroughly clean all equipment prior to treatment.
Thoroughly mix 2 oz. of this product to 10 gallons of water to obtain 200 ppm
available chlorine. Porous equipment should soak for one hour.
MAINE LOBSTER PONDS - Remove lobsters, seaweed etc. from ponds prior to
treatment. Drain the pond. Thoroughly mix 6,200 oz. of this product to 10,000
gallons of water to obtain at least 600 ppm available chlorine. Apply so that
all barrows, gates, rock and dam are treated with product. Permit high tide to
fill the pond and then close gates. Allow water to stand for 2 to 3 days until
the available chlorine level reaches zero. Open gates and allow 2 tidal cycles
to flush the pond before returning lobsters to pond.
CONDITIONING LIVE OYSTERS - Thoroughly mix 5 oz. of this product to 10,000
gallons of water at 50 to 70°F to obtain 0.5 ppm available chlorine. Expose
oysters to this solution for at least 15 minutes, monitoring the available
chlorine level so that it does not fall below 0.05 ppm. Repeat entire process
if the available chlorine level drops below 0.05 ppm or the temperature falls
below 50°F.
CONTROL OF SCAVENGERS IN FISH HATCHERY PONDS - Prepare a solution containing 200
ppm of available chlorine by mixing 2 oz. of product with 10 gallons of water.
Pour into drained pond potholes. Repeat if necessary. Do not put desirable fish
back into refilled ponds until chlorine residual has dropped to 0 ppm, as determined
by a test kit.
SANITIZATION OF DIALYSIS MACHINES
Flush equipment thoroughly with water prior to using this product. Thoroughly
mix 6 oz. of this product to 10 gallons of water to obtain at least 600 ppm
available chlorine. Immediately use this product in the hemodialysate system
allowing for a minimum contact time of 15 minutes at 20°C. Drain system of
the sanitizing solution and thoroughly rinse with water. Discard and DO NOT
reuse the spent sanitizer. Rinsate must be monitored with a suitable test kit
to insure that no available chlorine remains in the system.
This product is reconmended for decontaminating single and multipatient
hemodialysate systems. This product has been shown to be an effective
disinfectant (virucide, fungicide, bactericide, pseudomonicide) when tested by
ADAC and EPA test methods. This product may not totally eliminate all
vegatative microorganisms in hemodialysate delivery systems due to their
construction and/or assembly, but can be relied upon to reduce the number of
microorganisms to acceptable levels when used as directed. This product should
be used in a disinfectant program which includes bacteriologiocal monitoring of
the hemodialysate delivery system. This product os NOT recommended for use in
hemodialysate or reverse osmosis (RO) membranes.
Consult the guidelines for hemodialysate systems which are available from the
Hepatitis Laboratories, CDC, Phoenix, AR 85021.
75
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ASPHALT OR WOOD ROOFS AND SIDINGS
To control fungus and mildew, first remove all physical soil by brushing and hosing
with clean water, and apply a 5000 ppm available chlorine solution. Mix 5 oz. of
this product per gallon of water and brush or spray roof or siding. After 30 minutes,
rinse by hosing with clean water.
BOAT BOTTOMS
To control slims on boat bottoms, sling a plastic tarp under boat, retaining enough
water to cover the fouled bottom area, but not allowing water to enter enclosed
area. This envelope should contain approximately 500 gallons of water for a 14
foot boat. Add 18 oz. of this product to this water to obtain a 35 ppm available
chlorine concentration. Leave immersed for 8 to 12 hours. Repeat if necessary. Do
not discharge the solution until the free chlorine level has dropped to 0 ppm, as
determined by a swimming pool test kit.
ARTIFICIAL SAND BEACHES
To sanitize the sand, spray a 500 ppm available chlorine solution containing 5 oz.
of this product per 10 gal. of water at frequent intervals. Small areas can be
sprinkled with a watering can.
TOILET BOWL SANITIZERS
[These products are marketed as individual packages for placement in the toilet.
Therefore, use directions are not appropriate.]
[Claims are limited to sanitization. No claims for disinfection are permitted.]
76
-------
PRODUCT NAME
ACTIVE INGREDIENT:
Calcium Hypochlorite 70%
INERT INGREDIENTS: 35%
KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN
DANGER
STATEMENT OF PRACTICAL TREATMENT (FIRST AID)6/
IF CONTACT WITH EYES OCCURS, flush with cold water for at least 15 minutes. Get
medical attention.
IF CONTACT WITH SKIN, brush off excess chemical and flush skin with cold water
for at least 15 minutes. If irritation persists, get medical attention.
IF SWALLOWED, feed bread soaked in milk, followed by olive oil or cooking oil.
DO NOT induce vomiting. Call a physician immediately.
(See additional precautions on side panel.)
Manufactured by:
ABC Chemical Corporation
P.O. Box 99
New York, New York
99999
EPA REG NO. 10237-20004 EPA EST 10237-KS-l
NET CONTENTS:
6/ It is only suggested that First Aid statements be placed on the front panel.
If placed on another panel (e.g. the back panel), the label must have the referral
statement, "See other precautions on back panel".
77
-------
PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS
HAZARDS TO HUMANS AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS
DANGER: Highly corrosive. Causes skin and eye damage. May be fatal if
swallowed. Do not get in eyes, on skin or on clothing. Vfear goggles or
face shield and rubber gloves when handling this product, irritating to
nose and throat. Avoid breathing dust. Remove and wash contaminated
clothing before reuse.
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
This product is toxic to fish. Do not discharge into lakes, streams, ponds or
public waterways unless in accordance with a NPDES permit. For guidance,
contact the regional office of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL HAZARDS
STRONG OXIDIZING AGENT: Mix only with water. Use clean dry utensils. Do
not add this product to any dispensing devise containing remnents of any
other product. Such use may cause a violent reaction leading to fire or
explosion. Contamination with moisture, organic matter or other chemicals
will start a chemical reaction and generate heat, chlorine gas (and
possible fire and explosion). In case of contamination or decomposition,
do not reseal container. If possible, isolate container in open air or
well ventilated area. Flood area with large volumes of water, if necessary.
78
-------
MANUFACTURING-USE ONLY
For manufacturing-use only in the formulation of end-use products intended as:
0 sanitizers of surfaces (e.g. wooden butcher blocks, stainless steel tops,
concrete floors, tile walls)? or
0 sanitizers of commercial and household laundry; or
0 agents to help control microorganisms on mushrooms (pins), potatoes, sweet
potatoes (postharvest), pimento and tomato seeds, pecans, fish fillets,
refining sugar; or
0 agents to help control microorganisms on eggs for human consumption; or
0 disinfectants of poultry drinking water; or
0 disinfectants of human drinking water (emergency/public/individual),
swimming pool water, hubbard/immersion tank water, spas/hot tub,
hydrotheraphy pools, human drinking water systems (e.g. water mains); or
0 disinfectants of nonporous hard surfaces (e.g. tile, glass, stainless steel,
fibreglass); or
0 agents to help control microorganisms in sewage, wastewater, industrial
and pulp and paper process water systems; or
0 algicides/slimicides in cooling towers or evaporative condensers; or
0 sanitizers of dialysis machines; or
0 sanitizers of toilet bowls; or
0 agents to help control algae and bacteria in fish and lobster ponds/tanks
and conditioning oysters; or
0 agents to help control slime on boat bottoms; or
0 agents to sanitize and deodorize artificial sand beaches; or
0 agents to kill scavenger fish in fish hatchery ponds.
Reformulators and repackagers of this product must obtain their own registrations
fron the Environmental Protection Agency.
[NOTE - IF MANUFACTURING-USE IS SPECIFIED ON THE LABEL, NO END-USE DIRECTIONS MAY
APPEAR ON THE LABEL.]
79
-------
PRODUCT NAME
ACTIVE INGREDIENT:
Calcium Hypochlorite 12.5%
INERT INGREDIENTS: 87.5%
KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN
DANGER
STATEMENT OF PRACTICAL TREATMENT {FIRST AID)6/
IF CONTACT WITH EYES OCCURS, flush with water for at least 15 minutes. Get
prompt medical attention.
IF CONTACT WITH SKIN OCCURS, wash with plenty of soap and water.
IF SWALLOWED, drink large quantities of milk or gelatin solution, if these are
not available, drink large quantities of water. DO NOT give vinegar or other
acids. DO NOT induce vomiting. Get prompt medical attention.
(See additional precautions on side panel.)
Manufactured by:
ABC Chemical Corporation
P.O. Box 99
New York, New York
99999
EPA REG NO. 10237-20005 EPA EST 10237-KS-l
NET CONTENTS:
6/ It is only suggested that First Aid statements be placed on the front panel.
If placed on another panel (e.g. the back panel), the label must have the referral
statement, "See other precautions on back panel".
80
-------
PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS
HAZARDS TO HUMANS AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS
DANGER: Corrosive, may cause severe skin and eye irritation or chemical burns
to broken skin. Causes eye damage. Wear face shield or goggles and rubber gloves
when handling this product. Wash after handling. Avoid breathing vapors. Vacate
poorly ventilated areas as soon as possible. Do not return until strong odors have
dissipated.
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
This product is toxic to fish. Do not discharge into lakes, streams, ponds or
public waterways unless in accordance with a NPDES permit. For guidance,
contact the regional office of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL HAZARDS
STRONG OXIDIZING AGENT: Mix only with water according to label directions.
Mixing this product with chemicals {e.g. ammonia, acids, detergents, etc.)
or organic matter (e.g. urine, feces, etc.) will release chlorine gas which
is irritating to eyes, lungs and mucous membranes.
81
-------
MANUFACIURING-USE ONLY
For manufacturing-use only in the formulation of end-use products intended as:
0 sanitizers of surfaces (e.g. wooden butcher blocks, stainless steel tops,
concrete floors, tile walls); or
0 sanitizers of commercial and household laundry; or
0 agents to help control microorganisms on mushrooms (pins), potatoes, sweet
potatoes (postharvest), pimento and tomato seeds, pecans, fish fillets,
refining sugar; or
0 agents to help control microorganisms on eggs for human consumption; or
0 disinfectants of poultry drinking water; or
0 disinfectants of human drinking water (emergency/public/individual),
swimming pool water, hubbard/iimiersion tank water, spas/hot tub,
hydrotheraphy pools, human drinking water systems (e.g. water mains); or
0 disinfectants of nonporous hard surfaces (e.g. tile, glass, stainless steel,
fibreglass); or
0 agents to help control microorganisms in sewage, wastewater, industrial
and pulp and paper process water systems; or
0 algicides/slimicides in cooling towers or evaporative condensers; or
0 sanitizers of dialysis machines; or
0 sanitizers of toilet bowls; or
0 agents to help control algae and bacteria in fish and lobster ponds/tanks
and conditioning oysters; or
0 agents to help control slime on boat bottoms; or
* agents to sanitize and deodorize artificial sand beaches; or
0 agents to kill scavenger fish in fish hatchery ponds.
Reformulators and repackagers of this product must obtain their own registrations
frcm the Environmental Protection Agency.
[NOTE - IF MANUFACTURING-USE IS SPECIFIED ON THE LABEL, NO END-USE DIRECTIONS MAY
APPEAR ON THE LABEL.]
82
-------
PRODUCT NAME
ACTIVE INGREDIENT:
Sodium Hypochlorite 12.5%
INERT INGREDIENTS: 87.5%
KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN
DANGER
STATEMENT OF PRACTICAL TREATMENT (FIRST AID)6/
IF CONTACT WITH EYES OCCURS, flush with water for at least 15 minutes. Get
pronpt medical attention.
IF CONTACT WITH SKIN OCCURS, wash with plenty of soap and water.
IF SWALLOWED, drink large quantities of milk or gelatin solution, if these are
not available, drink large quantities of water. DO NOT give vinegar or other
acids. DO NOT induce vomiting. Get prompt medical attention.
(See additional precautions on side panel.)
Manufactured by:
ABC Chemical Corporation
P.O. Box 99
New York, New York
99999
EPA REG NO. 10237-20006 EPA EST 10237-KS-l
NET CONTENTS:
6/ It is only suggested that First Aid statements be placed on the front panel.
If placed on another panel (e.g. the back panel), the label must have the referral
statement, "See other precautions on back panel".
83
-------
PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS
HAZARDS TO HUMANS AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS
DANGER: Corrosive, may cause severe skin and eye irritation or chemical burns
to broken skin. Causes eye damage. Wear face shield or goggles and rubber gloves
when handling this product. VKish after handling. Avoid breathing vapors, vacate
poorly ventilated areas as soon as possible. Do not return until strong odors have
dissipated.
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
This product is toxic to fish. Do not discharge into lakes, streams, ponds or
public waterways unless in accordance with a NPDES permit. For guidance,
contact the regional office of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL HAZARDS
STRONG OXIDIZING AGENT: Mix only with water according to label directions.
Mixing this product with chemicals (e.g. ammonia, acids, detergents, etc.)
or organic matter (e.g. urine, feces, etc.) will release chlorine gas which
is irritating to eyes, lungs and mucous membranes.
84
-------
MANUFACTURING-USE ONLY
For manufacturing-use only in the formulation of end-use products intended as:
0 sanitizers of surfaces (e.g. wooden butcher blocks, stainless steel tops,
concrete floors, tile walls); or
0 sanitizers of commercial and household laundry; or
0 agents to wash or assist in lye peeling of fruits and vegetables; or
0 agents to help control microorganisms on eggs for human consumption; or
0 disinfectants of poultry drinking water; or
0 disinfectants of human drinking water (emergency/public/individual),
swimming pool water, hubbard/immersion tank water, spas/hot tub,
hydrotheraphy pools, human drinking water systems {e.g. water mains); or
0 disinfectants of nonporous hard surfaces (e.g. tile, glass, stainless steel,
fibreglass); or
0 agents to help control microorganisms in sewage, wastewater, industrial
and pulp and paper process water systems; or
0 algicides/slimicides in cooling towers or evaporative condensers; or
0 sanitizers of dialysis machines; or
0 sanitizers of toilet bowls; or
0 agents to help control algae and bacteria in fish and lobster ponds/tanks
and conditioning oysters; or
0 agents to help control slime on boat bottoms; or
0 agents to sanitize and deodorize artificial sand beaches; or
0 agents to kill scavenger fish in fish hatchery ponds.
Reformulators and repackagers of this product must obtain their own registrations
from the Environmental Protection Agency.
[NOTE - IF MANUFACTURING-USE IS SPECIFIED ON THE LABEL, NO END-USE DIRECTIONS MAY
APPEAR ON THE LABEL.]
85
-------
J. Sample Statement of Certification
One of the following two certification statements must be submitted to
the Agency. Note that a separate statement must be submitted for
sodium hypochlorite and calcium hypochlorites.
I. CERTIFICATION FDR G3NERAL REGISTRATION WITH FORMULATOR EXEMPTION
Director
Registration Division (TS-767)
Office of Pesticide Programs (Attn: PM 32)
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
401 M Street, SW
Washington, D.C. 20460
Sir:
In accordance with the Sodium and Calcium Hypochlorites Registration Standard,
I am applying for a General Registration/Reregistration for pesticide products
containing (insert sodium or calcium) hypochlorite as a single active ingredient
as specified in the standard. I hereby incorporate the above-mentioned standard
as part of my application for registration/reregistration. I hereby request that
all products marketed under this general registration be classified for general
use.
I certify that all products marketed under this standard are or will be end-use
products and contain the active ingredient (insert sodium or calcium hypochlor-
ite) solely as the result of the incorporation into the product (during formula-
tion or packaging) of another product which contains that active ingredient.
This starting material is registered under FIFRA section 3, and is purchased by
us from another producer. I understand that if at any time this exemption is
no longer applicable, I will offer to pay compensation to the appropriate
additional firms and submit a revised certification to the Agency prior to
shipment of any end-use product not made from a registered product.
I certify that any quantity of this product which I distribute, sell, offer for
sale, hold for sale, ship, deliver, deliver for shipment, or receive and {having
so received) deliver or offer to deliver will comply with the conditions
specified in the above-mentioned general registration standard as amended on the
date of this submission. I understand, and agree on behalf of my firm,
that if at any time any portion of this certification is no longer true,
or if my firm fails to comply with the statements made in this certification,
my firm's products registered under this certification may be cancelled
in accordance with FIFRA section 6(b)(l).
Sincerely,
Name:
Title:
Address of Applicant:
Dated:
Name(s) and Address(es) of
any other person(s)
appearing on the label(s):
86
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2. CERTIFICATION FOR GENERAL REGISTRATION WITHOUT FORMULATOR EXEMPTION
Director
Registration Division (TS-767)
Office of Pesticide Programs (Attn: PM 32)
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
401 M Street, SW
Washington, D.C. 20460
Sir:
In accordance with the Sodium and Calcium Hypochlorites Registration Standard,
I am applying for a General Registration/Reregistration for pesticide products
containing (insert sodium or calcium) hypochlorite as a single active ingred-
ient, as specified in the standard. I hereby incorporate the above-mentioned
standard as part of my application for registration/reregistration. I hereby
request that all products marketed under this general registration be classified
for general use.
I certify in compliance with 40 CFR 162.3(d) that I have notified in writing
the companies who have submitted data upon which I have relied to support my
application, as specified in the standardand that I have offered to:
1. pay compensation for those data in accordance with sections 3(c)(l)(D) and
3(c)(2)(D) of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act, as,
amended; and
2. canmence negotiations to determine which data are subject to the
compensation requirements of FIFRA, and the amount and terms of
compensation due, if any.
I certify that any quantity of this product which I distribute, sell, offer for
sale, hold for sale, ship, deliver, deliver for shipment, or receive and (having
so received) deliver or offer to deliver will comply with the conditions speci-
fied in the above-mentioned general registration standard as amended on the date
of this submission.
I understand, and agree on behalf of my firm, that if at any time any portion
of this certification is no longer true, or if my firm fails to comply with the
statements made in this certification, my firm's products registered under this
certification may be cancelled in accordance with FIFRA section 6(b)(l).
Sincerely,
Name:
Title:
Address of Applicant:
Dated:
Name(s) and Address(es) of
any other person(s)
appearing on the label(s):
87
-------
REGISTRATION NUMBER CROSSWALK
This attachment is to be used only by registrants who: (1) have
products currently registered with the Agency, (2) wish to reregister
their products using the standard labeling in the Hypochlorite Salts
Registration Standard.
The following currently registered products, which are to be reregistered under
this standard, will now be assigned the following general registration numbers.
PAST EPA REG. NO.
PERCENTAGE ACTIVE
INGREDIENT
NEW GENERAL REGISTRATION
NUMBER
1.
1.
-20001
2.
2.
-20002
3.
3.
-20003
EXAMPLE: The ABC Chemical Corporation (company number J0237) has
six hypochlorite products and wants five of these
products to be converted to General Registration process.
Five products will be assigned new General Registration
numbers and all f:.ve of the old EPA Reg. Numbers will be
retired. The sixth product, which must undergo the product
specific review process to confirm the label claims, will
not appear on the form below.
PAST EPA.
REG. NO.
PERCENTAGE ACTIVE
INGREDIENT
NEW GENERAL REGISTRATION
NUMBER
2,
3,
10237-4
10237-2
10237-9
10237-11
none
10237-6
65.00 % A.I,
70.00 % A.I.
50.00 % A.I.
30.00 % A.I.
Calcium Hypochlorite
Calcium Hypochlorite
Calcium Hypochlorite
Calcium Hypochlorite
6.00 % A.I. Sodium Hypochlorite
1. 10237-20001
2. 10237-20002
3. 10237-20003
83
-------
OFFICE OP PESTICIDE PROGRAMS
REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY
Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base Supporting
Registrations Under the Standard
CASE GS0029
MIRD CITATION
GS0029078 Allied Chemical Corporation {1974} A Practical Guide to Chlorine
Bleach Making. Technical and Engineering Service Bulletin 72-
19.Industrial Chemicals Division. Morristown, NJ
GS0029060 Allison, V.D; Baird, T.T.; Black, J.A.; Carey, G.C.R.; Dunbar,
J.M.; Fraser, K.B.; Gibson, G.L.; Shepard, W. (1971) Infection
in Hospital - A code of practice. G.L. Gibson edit. E. & S.
Livingstone publ. Edinburgh and London
GS0029059 American Hospital Association (1974) Infection Control in the
Hospital, third edit, published by AHA Chicago, Illinois 60611
GS0029058 American Public Health Association (1964) Suggested Ordinance and
Regulations Covering Public Swimming Pools. APHA New York, NY
GS0029057 American Public Health Association/ American Water Works
Association/ Water Pollution Control Federation {APHA/AWWA/WPCF}
(1976) Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and
Wastewater. 14th edit.
GS0029071 Analytical Reference Service (1969) Study Number 35 Environmental
Protection Agency
GS0029072 Analytical Reference Service (1971) Study Number 40 Environmental
Protection Agency
GS0029067 Anderson, J.R. (1965) A Study of the Influence of Cyanuric Acid on
the Bactericidal Effectiveness of Chlorine. American Journal of
Public Health 55(10): 1629-1637.
005002173 Audia, W.V.; Preston, W.H., Jr. (1965) The effects of several
algaecides on aquatic plants. Pages 451-455, _In proceedings of
the Nineteenth Annual Meeting of the Northeastern Weed Control
Conference. Farmingdale, N.Y.: Northeastern Weed Control
Conference.
000007398 Babish, J.G. (1978) Report: Acute Dermal Toxicity Study in Rabbits.
(Unpublished study received Jan 19, 1979 under unknown
admin, no.; prepared by Food and Drug Research Laboratories,
Inc., submitted by Chlorine Institute, Inc., New York, N.Y.;
CDL:236802-C)
89
-------
000007399
Babish, J.G. (1978) Report: Approximate Acute Oral Toxicity
(LD^y) in Rats. (Unpublished study received Jan 19, 197y
under unknown admin, no.; prepared by Food and Drug Research
Laboratories, Inc., submitted by Chlorine Institute, Inc.,
New York, N.Y.; CDL:236H02-F)
000008204
000008206
000007397 Babish, J.G. (1978) Report: Approximate Acute Oral Toxicity
(LD5()) in Rats. (Unpublished study received Jan 19, 1979
under unknown admin, no.; prepared by Food and Drug Research
Laboratories, Inc., submitted by Chlorine Institute, Inc.,
New York, N.Y.; CDL:236802-B)
Babish, J.G. (1978) Report: Eye Irritation Test in Rabbits with
Fluorescein. (Unpublished study received Jan 19, 1979 under
unknown admin, no.; prepared by Food and Drug Research Labora-
tories, Inc., submitted by Chlorine Institute, Inc., New York,
N.Y.; CDL:236802-E)
Babish, J.G. (1978) Report: Eye Irritation Tests in Rabbits with
Fluorescein. (Unpublished study received Jan 19, 1979 under
unknown admin, no.; prepared by Food and Drug Research Labo-
ratories, Inc., submitted by Chlorine Institute, Inc., New
York, N.Y.; CDL:236H02-H)
000008203 Babish, J.G. (1978) Report: Primary Skin Irritation Study with
Rabbits. (Unpublished study received Jan 19, 1979 under unknown
admin, no.; prepared by Food and Drug Research Laboratories,
Inc., submitted by Chlorine Institute, Inc., New York, N.Y.;
CDL:236802-D)
000008205 Babish, J.G. (1978) Report: Primary Skin Irritation Study with
Rabbits. (Unpublished study received Jan 19, 1979 under unknown
admin, no.; prepared by Food and Drug Research Laboratories,
Inc., submitted by Chlorine Institute, Inc., New York, N.Y.;
CDL:236802-G)
000008202 Baker, R.G. (1974) Report to Olin Corporation: Primary Skin Irrita-
tion Test with Mildew Rid in Albino Rabbits: IBT No. 601-05594.
(Unpublished study received Mar 3, 1975 under 1258-161; prepared
by Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., submitted by Olin
Corp., Stamford, Conn.; CDL:233785-B)
000007374 Baker, R.G. (1976) Report to Jones Chemicals, Inc.: Acute Toxicity
Studies with Sodium hypochlorite. Sunny Sol 150: IBT No. 8530-
09248. (Unpublished study received Sep 7, 1976 under 1744-2;
prepared by Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., submitted by
Jones Chemicals, Inc., Caledonia, N.Y., CDL:225754-A)
GS0029045 Bass, M.; Heath, A. (1977) Toxicity of intermittent chlorination to
bluegill Lepomis macrochirus : interaction with temperature ln_
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 17(4):416-
423.
-------
000007496
000007276
000007275
Beavers, .l.B. (1977) Final Report: Acutfr Oral• • TJWBobwh i ^ Quail:
Project No. 133-107. (Unpublished study received Sep 8, 147 7
under 1258-427; prepared by Wildlif? Int., Lb1. in cooperation
with Washington College c'.nd Maryland, Dept. of Agriculture, Div.
of Inspection and Regulation, submitted by Olin Corp., Stamford,
Conn.; CDL:231907-B)
Beavers, J.B. (1978) Final Report: Acute Oral LD,-nBobwhjte Quail:
Project No. 156-103. (Unpublished study received Apr 4, 1978
under 35317-1; prepar«i by Wildlife International, Ltd., submit-
ted by Kuehne Chemical Co., Inc., Cranford, N..J.; COL:2333B!.!-B)
Beavers, J.B. (1978) Final Report: Eight-Day Dietary LC^Bobwhite
Quail: Project No. 156-101. (Unpublished study received Apr 4,
1978 under 35U7-1; prepared by VJildlife International, Ltd.,
submitted by Kuehne Chemical Co., Inc., Cranford, N.J.; CDL:
23338B-A).
000007278 Beavers
, J.B. (197i3) Final Report: Eight-Day Dietary LC5nMalUrd
Duck: Project No. 156-102. (Unpublished study received Apr 28,
197H under 35317-1; prepared by Wildlife International, Ltd.,
submitted by Kuehne Chemical Co., Inc., Cranford, N.-l.; CDL:
233S98-A)
000007405 Beavers, J.B.; Brown, R. (1978) Final Report: Right-Day Dietary
LC50—Bobwhite Quail: Project No. 150-101. (Unpublished study
received Jan 19, 1979 under unknown admin, no.; prepared by
Wildlife International, Ltd., submitted by Chlorine Institute,
Inc., New York, N.Y.; CDL:236804-D)
000007403 Beavers, J.B.; Fink, R.; Grimes, J.; et al. (1978) Final Report:
Acute Oral LD50—Bobwhite Quail: Project No. 158-103. (Unpub-
lished study received Jan 19, 1979 under unknown a
-------
GS0029064 Be Iloan, A. (1977) Chapter 2 - Methods of Testirvj tor Sterility and
Efficacy of Sterilizers, Sporicides and Sterilizing Processes.
Jri Disinfection, Sterilization, and Preservation, 2nd edit.,
S.S. Block, editor, Lea & Febig^r, publishers, Philadelphia, PA
GS0029019 Bonbana, A.C.; de- Paiva, J.G.; Alvares, S.; Antoniazxi, J.H. (1974)
Indamnatory reaction of the rabbit eye following placement of
some drugs used in endodontics. Rev. Assoc. Paul. Cir. Dent. Jul-
Auy 28(4):216-223.
00000741H Buccatjsco, R.J.; Hawes, M.; Stietel, C.; et al. (1978) Acute
Toxicity of Sodium hypochlorite to Bluegill ( Lepomis machro-
chirus ): Report No. BW-7B-7-234. (Unpublished study re-
ceived Jan 19, 1979 under unkown admin, no.; prepared by BG&G,
Bionanics, submitted by Chlorine Institute, Inc., New York,
N.Y.; CDL:23b803-C)
000007495 Buccafusco, R.J.; LeBlanc, G.A. (1977) Acute Toxicity of HTH to
Bluegill ( Leppmis macrochirus ), Rainbow Trout ( Saliro
gairdneri ) and the Water Flea ( Daphnia tnagna ). (Unpub-
lished study including letter dated Aug 15, 1977 from S.J. Bar-
bee to R.L. Bertrand, received Sep 8, 1977 under 1258-427; pre-
pared by BG&G, Bionomics, submitted by olin Corp., Stamford,
Conn.; CDL:2:31907-A)
000008190 Calmbacher, C.W. (1978) Acut*» Toxicity of Sodium hypochlorite Solu-
tion to the Bluegill Sunfish Lepomis macrochirus Rafinesque:
UCES Proj. No. 11506-72-01. (Unpublished study received Apr 4,
1978 under 35317-1; prepared by Union Carbide Corp., submitted
by Kuehne Cbanical Co., Inc., Cranford, N.J.; CDL:233389-A)
000008191 Calmbacher, C.W. (1978) Acute Toxicity of Sodium hypochlorite Solu-
tion to the Rainbow Trout, Salno gairdneri Richardson: UCES
Projt. No. 11506-72-02. (Unpublished study received Apr 4,
197b under 35317-1; prepared by Union Carbide Corp., submitted
by Kuehne Chemical Co., Inc., Cranford, N.J.; CDL:233390-A)
000007588 Campanella, J.L. (1974) Laboratory Report: Sodium hypochlorite.
(Unpublished study received Oct 1, 1974 under 1763-2; submitted
by Fields Point Chemical, Inc., Providence, R.I.; CDL:239326-A)
GS0029054 Campbell, W.E. (1977) Efficacy Review of Chlorine Literature dated
May 18, 1977.
GS0029024 Campt, D.D. (1930) Pesticide petition file 9E2241.
000022029 Cardinal Pools, Incorporated (1976) Sunny Sol 150: General Chem-
istry. Includes two undated methods. (Unpublished study
received Jun 20, 1977 under 36245-2; prepared in cooperation
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-------
GB0029076 Casarett, L.J. (1975) Chapter 9- Toxicology of the Respiratory
System j[n Toxicology- The Basic Science of Poisons, edited by
Casarett, L.J.; Doull, J. Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc., New
York, New York.
005008338 Clancey, V.J. (1976) Fire hazards of calcium hypochlorite.
Journal of Hazardous Materials 1:83-94.
GS0029070 Clarke, N.; Hill, W. (1977) Disinfection of Drinking Water,
Swinming Pool Water and Treated Sewage Effluents by N. Clarke
and W. Hill (1977) pg. 705 In Disinfection, Sterilization and
Preservation edit, by S. Block (1977), Lea and Febiger,
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000007438 Dayton, C. (1968) Laboratory Progress Report. (Unpublished study
received Oct 3, 1968 under 887-15; submitted by Bonewitz Chemi-
cal Services, Inc., Burlington, Iowa; CDL:122126-A)
000022028 Disco Chemical Corporation (1976) Sunny Sol 100: General Chemistry
Requirements. Includes two undated methods. (Unpublished study
received Jun 20, 1977 under 34803-1; prepared in cooperation
with Allied Chemical Corp. and others; CDL:230702-A)
000020072 Drube, R. (1978) Acute Oral Toxicity, Acute Dermal Toxicity, Primary
Skin Irritation and Corrosivity, Acute Eye Irritation Studies of
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution C (Surchlor; Sur-Shock). (Unpub-
lished study received July 18, 1979 under unknown admin, no.;
prepared by Hill Top Research, Inc., submitted by Surpass Chem.
Co., Inc., N.Y.; CDL:238938-D)
GS0029065 Dychdala, G. (1977) Chapter 10 - Chlorine and Chlorine Compounds.
Iri Disinfection, Sterilization, and Preservation, 2nd edit.,
S.S. Block, editor, Lea & Febiger, publishers, Philadelphia, PA
GS0029044 Environmental Protection Agency (1976) Fish Kills by Pollution
Fifteen-Year Summary 1961-1975 EPA-440/4-78-OU Office of Air
and Water Programs, Monitoring and Data Support Division, Data
Reporting Branch, Washington, D.C. 20460
GS0029023 Environmental Protection Agency (1980) Ambient water quality
criteria for chloroform. EPA 440/5-80-033. Office of Water
Regulations and Standards, Criteria and Standards Division,
Washington, D.C. 20460
GS0029074 Environmental Protection Agency (1980) Summary of Reported
Pesticide Incidents Involving Sodium Hypochlorite. Pesticide
Incident Monitoring System Report No. 367, Health Effects
Branch, Hazard Evaluation Division, Office of Pesticide
Programs.
-------
GS0029075 Environmental Protection Agency (1980) Summary of Reported
Pesticide Incidents Involving Calcium Hypochlorite. Pesticide
Incident Monitoring System Report No. 393, Health Effects
Branch, Hazard Evaluation Division, Office of Pesticide
Programs.
GS0029025 Environmental Protection Agency (1980) National interim primary
drinking water regulations. Aug. 27, 1980.
000007281 Erwin, R. (1976) Physical and Chemical Properties of Sodium hypo-
chlorite. (Unpublished study received Hay 13, 1977 under
38419-1; prepared by Erwin Chemical Laboratory, submitted by One
Stop Pool Service, Miami, Fla.; CDL:230274-D)
000007461 Estep, C.L.; Teske, R.H. (1968) Acute Oral Administration of Pitt-
chlor to Rats for Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company: Report R-547.
(Unpublished study received May 6, 1968 under 748-138; prepared
by Hill Top Research, Inc., submitted by PPG Industries, Inc.,
Chemical Div., Pittsburgh, Pa.; CDL:050201-D)
GS0029047 Federal Register (1979) Regulations for the Enforcement of the
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act. Vol. 44 No.
48 pgs. 13019-13024.
GS0029030 Federal Register (1980) Calcium hypochlorite; Exemption from
Requirement of tolerance. Vol 45 no. 227 pg. 77077.
GS0029048 Federal Register (1981) Pesticide Registration, ^registration, and
Classiication Procedures? Clarification of Policies on Special
Packaging. Vol 46 No. 41 pgs. 15104-15109.
GS0029027 Federal Register (1981) Regulations for the enforcement of the
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act; Temporary
exemption of nonliquid swinming pool chemicals fron child-
resistant packaging requirements. Vol 46 No. 135 pgs 36706-
36707.
GS0029020 Foa, V.; Locati, G. (1966) On two cases of pulmonary edema with
unusual etiology: hydrochloric acid and comercial bleachos
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000007580 Goldhanroer, R.E. (1973) Acute Inhalation in Rats: Acute Oral LD™
in Rats: Eye Irritation in Rabbits: Dermal Irritation in Rabbits.
(Unpublished study received July 2, 1973 under 1258-971; prepared
by Bicmetric Testing, Inc., submitted by Olin Corp., Stamford,
Conn.; CDL:239291-A)
GS0029079 Gosselin, R.E.j Hodge, H.C.; Smith, R.P.; Gleason, M.N. (19 )
Hypochlorite Jji Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products -
Acute Poisoning Fourth Edit. Williams 5. Wilkins Baltimore, MD
-------
000007492 Gross, P. (1948) Acute Toxicity Study of Pittchlor. (Unpublished
study received May 6, 1968 under 748-2; prepared by Industrial
Hygiene Foundation of America, Inc., submitted by PPG Indus-
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000007269 Hachik Bleach Company (1977) General Chemistry. Includes two
methods dated Jul 1977 entitled: Determination of excess Sodium
hydroxid in bleach solutions and Determination of available
chlorine in bleach solutions. (Unpublished study received Hay
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GS0029056 Horowitz, W. (1980) Official Methods of the Association of Official
Analytical Chemists. 13th edit. Published by the AOAC,
Washington, D.C. 20044 pgs. 59-65.
GS0029028 Householder, R.D. (1976) Determination of chlorine dioxide and
calcium hypochlorite using diethyl-p-phentlene diamine (DPD).
Unpublished study submitted by Olin under PP # 9E2241.
GS0029029 Householder, R.D. (1976) Residues of calcium hypochlorite on
vegetables dipped in aqueous calcium hypochlorite solution.
Unpublished study submitted by Olin under PP # 9E2241.
005009600 Hussain, A.; Trudell, P.; Repta, A.J. (1970) Quantitative
spectrophotometric methods for determination of sodium
hypochlorite in aqueous solutions. Journal of Pharmaceutical
Sciences 59(8):1168-1170.
005011175 Khanna, V.B.; Sharma, S.K.; Bhattacharya, A.K. (1970) An
iodimetric method for the determination of available chlorine
in bleaching powder. Indian Journal of Applied Chemistry
33(3):199-200.
GS002905L Koski, T.A..; Stuart, L.S.; Ortenzio, L.F. (1966) Comparison of
Chlorine, Bromine and Iodine as Disinfectants for Swimming Pool
Water. Applied Microbiology 14(2): 276-279.
GS0029050 Koski, T.A.; Ortenzio, L.F.; Stuart, L.S. (1967) Effect of
Algicidal Quaternaries on the Germicidal Activity of Chlorine
on Swimming Pool Water. Applied Microbiology 15(6):1291-1295.
005014892 Kukielka, J.; Kupiec, S. (1975) Metody wytwarzania podchlorynu
wapniowogo Methods of_ producing calcium hypochlorite
Przemysl Chemiczny. Chemical Industry. 54(4):219-224.
000007249 Latven, A.R. (1976) Sentry (30% Available Chlorine): Toxicology
Report. (Unpublished study including letter dated May 13, 1976
from A.R. Latven to George R. Dychdala, received May 14, 1976
under 335-188; prepared by Pharmacology Research, Inc., submit-
ted by Pennwalt Chemical Corp., Philadelphia, Pa.; CDL:227449-B)
-------
000007402
000007248 Latven, A.R. (1976) Sentry (65% Available Chlorine): Toxicology
Report. (Unpublished study including letter dated May 13, 1.976
fron A.R. Latven to George R. Dychdala, received May 14, 1976
under 335-188; prepared by Pharmacology Research, Inc., submit-
ted by Pennwalt Chemical Corp., Philadelphia, Pa.; CDL:227449-B)
000007560 Lavenhar, S.R.? Palanker, A.L. (1975) Final Report: Acute Inhala-
tion Toxicity in Rats. (Unpublished study received Hay 19,
1977 under 1258-427; prepared by Biometric Testing, Inc., sub-
mitted by Olin Corp., Stamford, Conn.; CDL:230229-J)
GS0029049 Lawrence, C.A.; Seymour S.S. (1977) Disinfection, Sterilization and
Preservation. Second Edit. Lea & Feibiger Publishers, PA. Pgs.
291-295.
00019313 LeBlanc, G.A. (1977) Acute Toxicity of Sodium hypochlorite Solution
to the Water Flea (Daphnia magna); ICG/T-79-076. (Unpublish-
ed study received Dec 7, 1978 under 230-69; prepared by EG*.G,
Bionomics, submitted by FTC Corp., Industrial Chemical Group,
Philadelphia, Pa.; CDL:236584-B)
LeBlanc, G.A.; Surprenant, D.C. (1978) Acute Toxicity of Sodium
hypochlorite to the Water Flea ( Daphnia magna ): Report No.
BW-78-7-206. (Unpublished study received Jan 19, 1979 under un-
known admin, no.; prepared by E&&G, Bionomics, submitted by
Chlorine Institute, Inc., New York, N.Y.; CDL:236803-D)
Mandell, H.C., Jr. (1971) A new calcium hypochlorite and a
discriminatory test. Fire Technology 7(2):157-161.
Martin, H. (1961) Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection.
4th ed. By Univ. of Western Ontario, Pesticide Research Insti-
tute. :Canada, Dept. of Agriculture, Research Branch, (p.
27 only; Publication 1093; also In unpublished submission re-
ceived Jan 26, 1965 under unknown admin, no.; submitted by Olin
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000007552 McGee, G.J.; Benton, J. (1976) Primary Eye Irritation. (Unpublish-
ed study received Feb 10, 1976 under 1258-161; prepared by McGee
Laboratories, Inc., submitted by Olin Corp., Stamford, Conn.;
CDL:239025-A)
000007261 McKenna, W.G. (1961) Lithium hypochlorite. (Unpublished study
including letter dated May 22, 1961 from T.C. George to M.G.
Herre, received Aug 24, 1971 under 7675-4; prepared by Associa-
tion of American Railroads, submitted by Lithium Corp. of
America, Gastonia, N.C.; CDL:009512-C)
005009652
000007498
-------
GS0029069 Mood, E.W. (1950) Effect, of Fret" Chlorine and Combined Available
Residual Chlorine upon Bacteria in Swinming Pools. American
Journal of Public Health 40:459 Jrt Disinfection of Drinking
Water, Swiiming Pool W.-^ter and Treated Sewage Effluents by N.
Clarke and W. Hill (1977) pg. 705 Jri Disinfection, Sterilization
and Preservation edit, by S. Block (1977), Lea and Fetaiyer,
publishers, Philadelphia, PA.
000007279 Morrissey, A.E. (1978) The Acute Toxicity of Sodiun hypochlorite
Solution to the Water Flea Dajghnia nagna (Straus): UCES
Proj. No. 11506-72-03. (Unpublished study received Apr 28,
1978 under 35317-1; prepared by Union Carbide Corp., submitted
by Kuehne Chemical Co., Inc., Cranford, N.J.; CDL:233599-A)
0000(P540 New England Testing Laboratory, Incorporated (1977) Certificate of
Analysis; Analysis for: Oral LD50, Primary Dermal Irritation,
Primary Eye Irritation, Dermal LD50. (Unpublished study re-
ceived May 9, 1977 under 1763-2; submitted by Fields Point
Chemical, Inc., Providence, R.I.; CDL:230000-A)
GS0029068 Odlang, T.; Pflug, J. (1976) Sporicidal Properties of Chlorine
Compounds; Applicability no Cooling Water for Canned Food.
Journal of Milk Food Technology 39:493.
GS0029053 Ortenzio, L.F. (1957) Report on Fungicides and Subculture Media:
Available Chlorine Germicidal Equivalent Concentration Tost.
Journal of the A.O.A.C. 40(3): 755-758.
000007422 Ortenzio, L.F.; Stuart, L.S. (1959) The behavior of Chlorine-bear-
ing organic compounds in the A.O.A.C. available Chlorine germi-
cidal equivalent concentration test. Journal of the Association
of Official Agricultural Chemists 42(3):630-633. (Also?In?un-
published submission received Dec 9, 1975 under 524-105; submit-
ted by Monsanto Co., St. Louis, Mo.; CDL:236611-B)
000007264 Ortenzio, L.F.; Stuart, L.S. (1964) A standard test for effricacy of
germicides and acceptability of residual disinfecting activity
in swinroing pool water. Journal of the Association of Official
Agricultural Chemists 47(3):540-547. (Also I_n unpublished
submission received Jan 22, 1971 under 7011-1; submitted by
Aquabrom, West Lafayette, Ind.; CDL:007985-B)
000007285 Paa, H. (1977) Report to Allied-Chlorine: Acute Toxicity Studies
with Sodium hypochlorite Solution: 1ST No. 8530-10159. (Un-
published study received Feb 22, 1977 under 33458-5; prepared by
Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., submitted by Allied
Chlorine and Chemical Products, Inc., Miami, Fla.; CDL:231463-A)
000007369 Paa, H. (1977) Report to Jones Chemicals, Incorporated: Acute Tox-
icity Studies with Sunny Sol 5.25% Bleach: IBT Mo. 8530-10145.
(Unpublished study received Mar 23, 1977 under 1744-1; prepared
by Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., submitted by Jones
Chemical, Inc., Caledonia, N.Y.; CDL:231821-A)
-------
OOOOO^jSl Palanker, A.L. (1975) Final Report: Acute Inhalation in Rats; Acute
Oivil LDcy in Rus; Eye Irritation in Rabbits; Dermal !rrita~
tion in Rabbits; Acute Dermal Toxicity in Rabbits. (Unpublished
study received Mar 3, 1975 under 1258-161; prepared by Bicmetric
Testing, Inc., submitted nyOlin Corp., Stamford, Conn.; CDL:
233785-A)
080029%] Palin, A.T. (1973) Chemistry and Control of Modern Chlorination.
published by LaMotte Chemical Products Company Chestertown,
Maryland 21620
005001505 Palmer, C.M.; Maloney, T.E. (1955) Preliminary screening for
potential algicides. Ohio Journal of Science LV(l):l-8.
000007250 Pennwalt Chemical Corporation (1969) Storage Stability Tests of
Pennswim Sentry. (Unpublished study including letter dated Jui
25, 1969 from G.R. Dychdala to Harold G. Alford, received May
14, 1976 under 335-188; CDL:227449-D)
GS0029021 Pfeifter, E.H. (1978) Cocarcinogenicity of chlorine. WaBolu
(Berlin) 3:129-136
GS0029031 Popa, L.; Fagarasan, M.; Pop, E.; Pops, L. (197«) A case of lethal
acute intoxication with sodium hypochlorite solution. CLUJUL
MED. (Rumania) 51(1):58-60.
GS0029073 Potts, A.M.; Gonasun, L.M. (1975) Chapter 13 - Toxicology of the
Eye Iji Toxicology - The Basic Science of Poisons, edited by
Casarett, L.,I..; Doull, J. Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc. New
York, New York
Pucci, L. (1977) Formula, Manufacturing Instructions, Finished Bulk
Specifications and Assay Procedures for Lysol Brand Scour-
ing Cream Formula £ KA1-83. (Unpublished study received Apr 5,
1977 under 777-48; submitted by Lehn and Fink Products Corp.,
Montvale, N.J.; CDL:235038-A)
005012141 Ramaswamy, S.; Kalyanam, N. (1951) Preparation of calcium
hypochlorite with 70-75 per cent available chlorine. Journal
of Scientific and Industrial Research 10B:282-287.
000007221 Sanders, B.O. (1972) Skin and Eye Irritation on 15 + 24 Germicidal
Cleaner. (Unpublished study received Aug 30, 1972 under 38-13;
prepared by Missouri Analytical Laboratories, Inc., submitted by
Sinclair Manufacturing Co., Carson, Calif.; CDL:000004-A)
GS0029022 Sawyer, C.L.; McCarty, P.L. (1967) Chemistry for sanitary engineers
second edit. McGraw-Hill Book Company New York, New York pgs.
363-371.
000007468
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OOOOU7227 Schultz, H. (1978) Quality Control Laboratory Report: Report
No. 9547-A. (Unpublished study received Apr 25, 1978 under 193-
16; prepared in cooperation with Dow Chemical Co., submitted by
Wonder Chemical Corp., Fairless Hills, Pa.; CDL:233827-1)
000007271 Schultz, H. (1978) Quality Control Laboratory Report: Report No.
9547-DD. (Unpublished study received May 30, 1978 under 7254-9;
prepared by Wonder Chemical Corp., submitted by Hachik Bleach
Co., Philadelphia, Pa.; CDL:235144-A)
000007378 Sperling, F. (1966) Results of Acute Oral (LD5Q) Toxicity Test.
(Unpublished study received Sep 22, 1966 under 1258-61; prepared
by Foster D. Snell, Inc., submitted by Olin Corp., Stamford
Conn.? CDL:050302-A)
GS0029055 Stuart, L.S.; Bogusky, J.; Ortenzio, L.P.; Friedl, J.L. (1950)
Chlorine Type Germicides for Disinfecting Previously Cleaned
Surfaces. Soap and Sanitary Chemicals, Official Proceedings,
37th Annual Meeting, CSMA.
GS0029066 Stuart, L.S.; Ortenzio, L.F. (1964) Swimming Pool Chlorine
Stabilizers. Paper presented at the 50th midyear meeting of the
Chemical Specialties Manufacturers Association, Chicago, May 19.
000007400 Stiefel, C.; Fratus, G.; Hawes, M.; et al. (1978) Acute Toxicity
of Sodium hypochlorite to Rainbow Trout ( Salno gairdneri ):
Report No. BW-78-8-280. (Unpublished study received Jan 19,
1979 under unknown admin, no.; prepared by EG&G, Bionomics,
submitted by Chlorine Institute, Inc., New York, N.Y.;
CDL:236803-B)
000020071 Surpass Chemical Company, Incorporated (1978?) Basic Manufacturing
Process of Surchlor and Sur-Shock. Includes two undated methods.
(Unpublished study received Jul 18, 1979 under unknown admin.
no.; CDL:238938-A)
005011199 Taylor, R.L. (1917) The effect of light on solutions of bleaching
powder. Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists
33:246-250.
GS0029026 Tobler, J.; Cohn, W.E.; Jolley, R.; Carpenter, J.; Ferguson, M.;
Stair, D.; Sigmon, C.; Hinkle, C.; Mattioe, J.; Middaugh, D.;
Cumning, R. (1981) Ambient water quality criteria for chlorine
(external review draft). Prepared by Science Applications, Inc.
800 Oak Ridge Turnpike Oakridge, TN for the U.S. EPA,
Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office Cincinnati, Ohio.
dated Jun 29.
005008744 Uehara, Y.; Uematsu, H.; Saito, Y. (1978) Thermal ignition of
calcium hypochlorite. Combustion and Flame 32(l):85-94.
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GS0029046 USDI/FW6 (1981) Quarterly progress report (April-June) of the
national fishery research laboratory, La Crosse, Wisconson and
southeastern fish control laboratory. Warm Springs, Georgia.,
July, 1981.
GS0029063 U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare (U.S.HEW) (1978)
Grade A Pasturized Milk Ordinance Section F. Public Health
Service/Food and Drug Administration, Washington, D.C. 20204
000007458 Wachter, K.A. (1978) Storage Stability Tests: 70% HTH» Granular
Dry Chlorine. (Unpublished study received Mar 14, 1978 under
10876-1; prepared by Olin Corp., submitted by Twinoak Products,
Inc., Piano, 111.; CDL:233414-A)
000007274 WARF Institute, Incorporated (1977) Report: Analysis for Acute Oral
Toxicity, Primary Skin Irritation, primary Eye Irritation: WARF
Institute No. 7091487. (Unpublished study including letter
dated Nov 9, 1977 from L.M. Wise to Memo for File, received Nov
10, 1977 under 35317-1; submitted by Kuehne Chemical Co., inc.,
Cranford, N.J.; CDL:232206-A)
GS0029062 White, G.C. (1972) Handbook of Chlorination for Potable Water,
Wastewater, Cooling Water, Industrial Processes and Swirrrning
Pools. Van Nostrand Reinhold publishers, pgs. 466-526.
000025213 Whitex Company (1976) Manufacturing Procedure for Jones Chemicals,
Inc.; Sunny Sol 5.25% Bleach. (Unpublished study received Jun
13, 1977 under 40703-1; CDL:230635-A)
000007230 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation (1968) Assay Report: Analysis
for Oral LD^Q: WARF No. 8021432. (Unpublished study received
Dec 12, 1969 under 292-72; submitted by Klenzade Products, St.
Paul, Minn.; CDL:002538-B)
GS0029077 WDJtOwicz, J.A. (1979) Chlorine Monoxide, Hypochlorous Acid, and
Hypochlorites. in Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. Third
Edition. John Wiley & Sons. New York 5:580-611
000007226 Wonder Chemical Corporation (1977) Product Chemistry Data. In-
cludes methods dated Jul 1977 entitled: Determination of avai-
lable chlorine in bleach solutions; method dated Jul 1977
entitled: Determination of excess Sodium hydroxide in bleach
solutions. (Unpublished study received Apr 25, 1978 under 193-
16; CDL:233827-A)
005021388 Wong, G.T.F.; Davidson, J.A. (1977) The fate of chlorine in sea-
water. Water Research 11(11) :971-978.
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