vvEPA
jfted States
ronmental Protection
Agency
SR-112
Research and
Development
INDEX AND ABSTRACTS TO PUBLICATIONS
THE EPA DRILLING FLUID HAZARD
ASSESSMENT RESEARCH PROGRAM
Prepared by
Environmental Research
Laboratory
Gulf Breeze FL 32561
EPA
SR-
112
401 K ?treet. S.W
Washington, DC 20480
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A30UT THIS PUBLICATION
THIS VOLUME SUMMARIZES RESULTS OF AN ONGOING RESEARCH PROGRAM. FROM 1976
TO THE PRESENT TIME, ERLGB CONDUCTED A RESEARCH PROGRAM TO EVALUATE THE '
POTENTIAL IMPACT OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT. THE
EXTRAMURAL PORTION QF THIS STUDY IS ESSENTIALLY COMPLETE; HOWEVER, THE
IN-HOUS£ EFFORT IS CONTINUING. THE EFFORT WAS A COMPOSITE OF IN-HOUSE AND
EXTRAMURAL ACTIVITIES, ADAPTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS CAEA) AND A FINAL
HAZARD ASSESSMENT EFFORT UN AGENCY REVIEW). DR. NORMAN RICHARDS DIRECTED
THE PROGRAM FROM 1976 TO 1981 WHEN DR. T. W. OUKE 3ECAME PROJECT LEADER.
OVER THAT TIME PERIOD 100 REPORTS, PUBLICATIONS AND JOURNAL ARTICLES IN
THE PEER-REVIEWED LITERATURE HAVE BEEN PRODUCED. THIS PUBLICATION LISTS THE
TITLE, JOURNAL OR PLACE QF PUBLICATION AND,' CWHEN AVAILABLE), AN ABSTRACT OF
THE PUBLICATION CONTENT (SEE PAGE i). ADDITIONALLY, AN AUTHOR INDEX CSSE
PAGE 87) AND A KEY WQ3D INDEX CSEE PAGE 68) ARE PROVIDED.
PERSONS DESIRING A REPRINT OR REPORT COPY SHOULD CONTACT MS. SUSAN
MEANS (COMMERCIAL 904-943-5311 OR FTS 686-9011) OR DR. TQM DUKEf PROJECT
DIRECTOR (COMMERCIAL 904-932-5311 OR FTS 686-9011) FOR DETAILS OR INFORMATION
RELATED TO TH£ PROJECT.
HSN3Y F. ENDS
LABORATORY DIRECTOR
PREPARATION DATE:
OCTOBER, 1984
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TABLE Or CONTENTS
A30UT THIS PUBLICATION,
TITLES AND ABSTRACTS..,
KEYWORD TITLE INDEX....
AUTHOR INDEX
PAGE
i
1
68
8?'
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ATEMAf JELL£t DALE F. LeAVITT, DIANA £. 8ARSHAW, AND M, CARMELA CUOMO. 1982.
EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUDS ON BEHAVIOR OF THE AMERICAN LOBSTER, HOMARUS
AMERICANUS, IN WATER COLUMN AND SUBSTRATE EXPOSURES. CAN. J. FISH. AQUAT.
SCI. 39C5):675-689. (£RL,GB X298#).
STUDIES WERE CONDUCTED TO EXPLORE THE EFFECTS OF DRILLING' MUDS ON
VARIOUS ASPECTS OF LOBSTER BEHAVIOR DIRECTLY RELATED TO SURVIVAL IN
THE FIELD. TQXICITY OF DIFFERENT DRILLING MUDS VARIED FROM IMMEDIATELY
LETHAL TO ADULT LOBSTERS TO APPARENTLY HARMLESS TO POSTLARVAL STAGES,
WITH.A VARIETY OF INTERMEDIATE EFFECTS. BOTH THE CHEMICAL TOXICITY IN
THE WATER COLUMN AND THE PHYSICAL EFFECTS OF COVERING THE SUBSTRATE
WITH. DRILLING MUD WERE STUDIED, AND 30TH INTERFERED WITH NORMAL
LOSSTER BEHAVIOR. THE STUDIES *RE MAINLY CONCERNED WITH POSTLARVAL
LOBSTERS CSTAGES VI AND V), I.E., JUST AFTER SETTLING ON THE BOTTOM.
THEY WERE TESTSD IN 36-D CHRONIC EXPOSURES <7MG/L) AND IN SEMINATURAL
AQUARIA WITH 1 MM LAYERS OF DRILLING MUD COVERING THE SUBSTRATE.
TOXICITY.IN THE WATER COLUMN MANIFESTED ITSELF IN FEEDING AND MOLTING
DELAYS, SEVERE DELAYS IN SHELTER CONSTRUCTION, INCREASED WALKING AND
SWIMMING, UNPROVOKED TAIL FLIPPING, AND LETHARGY. A NATURAL' BAY MUD
USED AS A .CONTROL CAUSED NO SUCH EFFECTS. PHYSICAL EFFECTS OF
SUBSTRATE COVER WERE APPARENT IN EXPERIMENTS WITH 1-, 2-, 4-MM LAYERS
OF DRILLING MUD AND SIMILAR LAYERS OF A MIXTURE OF 8ENTONITE AND
BARITE COVERING A NATURAL MUD .SUBSTRATE. IN DEPTHS OF 4 MM BOTH "KINDS
OF SUBSTRATE COVER CAUSED SEVERE DELAYS IN SHELTER CONSTRUCTION AND IN
QUALITY OF BURROWS CONSTRUCTED. THUS, SUBSTRATES WITH 4-MM TO PERHAPS
.AS LITTLE AS 1-MM COVERING OF DRILLING MUD MAY CAUSE INCREASED
EXPOSURE OF LOBSTERS TO PREDATORS AMD CURRENTS, RESULTING IN THE .
SUBSTRATE BECOMING UNSUITABLE FOR LOBSTER SETTLING *ND SURVIVAL.
AUBLE, GREGOR T., AUSTIN K. ANDREWS, RICHARD A. ELLISON, DAVID B, HAMILTON,
RICHARD A. JOHNSON, JAMES E. ROELLE, AND DAVID R. MARMOREK. 1982. RESULTS
OF AN ADAPTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT MODELING WORKSHOP CONCERNING
POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF DRILLING MUDS AND CUTTINGS ON.THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT.
EPA-600/9-82-019, U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, ENVIRONMENTAL
RESEARCH LABORATORY, GULF BREEZ5, FL. 64P.
AVAIL.-FROM NTIS, SPRINGFIELD, VA: P383-1141S5.
THE WORKSHOP WAS STRUCTURED AROUND CONSTRUCTION OF A MODEL SIMULATING
FATE AND.EFFECTS OF DISCHARGES FROM A SINGLE RIG INTO OPEN WATER AREAS'
OF THE GULF OF MEXICO, AND DISCUSSION OF FACTORS THAT MIGHT 'PRODUCE
DIFFERENT FATE AND EFFECTS IN ENCLOSED AREAS SUCH AS BAYS AND
ESTUARIES. THE SIMULATION MODEL WAS COMPOSED OF FOUR CONNECTED
SUBMODELS. A DISCHARGE/FATE SUBMODEL DEALT WITH THE DISCHARGE
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RIG AND THE SUBSEQUENT FATE OF DISCHARGED
MATERIAL, THREE EFFECTS SUBMODELS THEN CALCULATED BIOLOGICAL RESPONSES
AT DISTANCES AWAY FROM THE RIG FOR THE WATER COLUMN, SOFT BOTTOM
BENTHOS CASSUMING THE RIG WAS LOCATED OVER A SOFT BOTTOM ENVIRONMENT),
AND HARD BOTTOM BENTHOS
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BOBBIE, R.J., O.C. WHITS, AND P.H. BENSON. 1930. BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF
THE RESPONSE OF THE MARINE MIC30FQULING COMMUNITY STRUCTURE TO CLEANING
PROCEDURES DESIGNED TO MAINTAIN HEAT TRANSFER EFFICIENCY. IN: PROCEEDINGS
OF THE FIFTH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF MARINE CORROSION AND' FOULING. L.
ARITO, EDITOR, GRAFICAS OR3E S.L., BARCELONA, SPAIN. PP. 391-400. (ERL.GB
X184*).
THE MICROFOULING COMMUNITY THAT DEVELOPS IN ALUMINUM'PIPES SUBJECT TO
FLOWING S5A WATER IS MARKEDLY AFFECTED BY A MECHANICAL" CLEANING
PROCEDURE EMPLOYED TO MAINTAIN THE EFFICIENT HEAT TRANSFER PROPERTIES
NECESSARY IN THE CONDENSER SYSTEM OF THE OCEAN THERMAL ENERGY
CONVERSION SYSTEM, SENSITIVE MEASURES OF TH5 MICRQBIAL BIOMASS, SUCH
AS THE EXTRACTABLE LIPID PHOSPHATE, THE 6XTRACTA3LE PALMITIC ACID AND
THE TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON SHOW GOOD CORRELATING WITH THE HEAT- TRANSFER
EFFICIENCY CRF) IN THE EARLY STAGES OF FREE FOULING. AFTER MECHANICAL
CLEANING. WITH EITHER MANUALLY OPERATED BRUSHES OR THE M.A.N. SYSTEM,
MEASURES OF THE TOTAL BIOMASS SUCH AS TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON SHOW
REASONABLE CORRELATION TO THE (RF). AFTER CLEANING, MEASURES OF
CELLULAR BIOMASS SUCH AS LIPID PHOSPHATE OF LIPID PALMITIC ACID 00 NOT
CORRELATE WITH THE RF AND THE RATIOS OF TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON.
MECHANICAL CLEANING CHANGES THE COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF THE MICROBES.
THE MORPHOLOGY OF THE POPULATION BY SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY CSEM>
REVEALS SELECTIVE REMOVAL OF THE LARGER ANO MORPHOLOGICALLY 'MQR£
COMPLEX MICROEUKARYOTES WITH RETENTION OF A COMMUNITY ENRICHED IN
BACTERIA. EXAMINATION OF THE FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF THE COMMUNITY
SHOWS CLEANING-INDUCED SELECTIVITY NOT ONLY FOR THE BACTERIAL
PROKARYOTES 3UT FOR A SPECIFIC PROPORTION OF THE BACTERIA. A
POPULATION DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE BACTERIA RETAINED AFTER MANUAL
BRUSHING. AND CONTINOUS BRUSHING WITH THE M.A.N. SYSTEM CAN ALSO BE
DEMONSTRATED. SEM MORPHOLOGY, THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RF AND MEASURES
OF TOTAL AND CELLULAR 3IOMASS, THE INCREASE IN THE RATIO OF TOTAL
ORGANIC CARBON TO CELLULAR 3IOMASS AND THE STEADY INCREASE IN A
MICROBIAL POPULATION ENRICHED IN LINQLEIC ACID ALL POINT TO AN
ACCUMULATION OF EXTRACELLULAR 3IOPOLYMER WITH THE CLEANING PROCEDURES.
WITH INTERMITTENT CLEANING THE EXOpOLYMtR ACCUMULATION ENHANCES THE
COLONIZATION 3Y THE MICROEUKARYOTES BETWEEN THe CLEANING CYCLES.
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BOBBIE, RONALD J., AND DAVID
MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE
ACID METHYL ESTERS. APPL.
X009*).
C. WHITE. 1980. CHARACTERIZATION OF BENTHIC
BY HIGH RESOLUTION GAS CHRQMATOGRAPHY OF FATTY
ENVIRON. MIC.R08IOL. 39<6) : 1212-1222. C£RL,G8
FATTY ACIDS ARE A WIDELY STUDIED GROUP OF LIPIDS OF SUFFICIENT
TAXONOMIC DIVERSITY TO 3E USEFUL IN DEFINING' MICROBIAL COMMUNITY
STRUCTURE. THE EXTRAORDINARY RESOLUTION OF GLASS CAPILLARY GAS-LIQUID
CHROMATOGRAPHY CAN 3E UTILIZED TO SEPARATE AND TENTATIVELY IDENTIFY
LARGE NUM3ERS OF FATTY ACID METHYL ESTERS DERIVED FROM THE LIPIDS OF
ESTUARINE DETRITUS AND MARINE 3ENTHIC MICRQBIOTA WITHOUT THE BIAS OF
SELECTIVE METHODS REQUIRING CULTURE OS RECOVERY OF THE MICROBES. THE
GAS-LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSES ARE BOTH REPRODUCIBLE AND HIGHLY
SENSITIVE, AND THE. RECOVERY OF FATTY ACIDS IS QUANTITATIVE. THE
ANALYSES CAN BE AUTOMATED, AND THE DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUE OF MASS
SPECTRAL FRAGMENTATION ANALYSIS CAN BE READILY APPLIED. SPLITLESS
INJECTION ON GLASS CAPILLARY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC COLUMNS DETECTED BY
MASS SPECTRAL SELECTIVE ION MONITORING PROVIDES AN ULTRASENSITIVE AND
DEFINITIVE MONITORING. SYSTEM. RECIPROCAL MIXTURES OF BACTERIA AND
FUNGI, WHEN EXTRACTED AND ANALYZED. SHOWED PROGRESSIVE CHANGES OF
DISTINCTIVE FATTY ACID METHYL ESTERS DERIVED FROM THE LIPIDS. 3Y
MANIPULATING THE ENVIRONMENT OF AN ESTUARINE DETRITAL MICROBIAL
COMMUNITY WITH ANTIBIOTICS AND CULTURE CONDITIONS, IT WAS POSSIBLE TO
PRODUCE A COMMUNITY GREATLY ENRICHED IN EUCARYDTIC FUNGI, AS EVIDENCED
BY SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC MORPHOLOGY. THE FATTY ACID METHYL
ESTERS FROM THE LIPIOS IN THE FUNGUS-ENRICHED DETRITUS SHOWED
ENRICHMENT OF THE CIS OIENOIC AND THE CIS AND C20 POLYENOIC ESTERS.
MANIPULATION OF THE DETRITAL MICR03IQTA THAT INCREASED THE PROCARYOTIC
POPULATION RESULTED IN AN ABSENCE OF LA3GE STRUCTURES TYPICAL OF
FUNGAL MYCELIA OR DIATOMS, AS EVIDENCED BY SCANNING ELECTRON
MICROSCOPY, AND A SIGNIFICANTLY LARGER PROPORTION OF ANTEISO- AND
ISO-BRANCHED CIS FATTY ACID ESTERS, C17 CYCLOPROPANE FATTY ACID
ESTERS, AND THE CIS-VACCENIC ISOMER OF THE C13 MONOENQIC ,FATTY ACID
ESTERS. AS DETERMINED BY THESE TECHNIQUES, .A MARINE SETTLING COMMUNITY
SHOWED GREATER DIFFERENCES IN BACTERIAL AS CONTRASTED TO
MICROEUCARYOTIC POPULATIONS WHEN COMPARED WITH THE MICROBIAL
COMMUNITIES OF BENTHIC CORES.
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BOBBIE, R.J., J.S. NICKELS, G.A. SMITH, S.D. FAZIO, R.H. FINDLAY, W.M. OAVlSt
AND D.C. WHITE. 1981. EFFECT OF LIGHT ON 3IOMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF
ESTUARINE DETRITAL MICROBIOTA. APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIQL. 42C1):l50-158.
CERL,GB X189*).
COMPARISON OF ESTUARINE DETRITAL MICROBIOTA GROWN WITH AND WITHOUT
LIGHT IN THE ABSENCE OF MACROSCOPIC GRAZING SHOWED SHIFTS IN THE
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE THAT ENABLED CORRELATION BETWEEN VARIOUS
BIOCHEMICAL MEASURES. ANALYSIS OF THESE BIOCHEMICAL MEASURES SHOWED
THAT GROWTH IN LIGHT INDUCES THE SMALLEST INCREASES IN PRQCARYQTIC
ATTRIBUTES SUCH AS MURAMIC ACID? WALL GLUCOSAHINE; LIPID PHOSPHATE;
TOTAL EXTRACTABLE ADENOSINc NUCLEQTIDES; SHORT-BRANCHED, CYCLOPROPANE,
AND CISVACCENIC FATTY ACIDS; LIPID GLUCOSE AND MANNOSE; THE
INCORPORATION OF ACETATE.INTO LIPID; AND THE FORMATION OF
DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID FROM THYMIOINE. MEASURES OF THE MICROFAuNA SUCH
AS LIPID INOSITOL AND THE Y-LINOLENIC SERIES OF PQLYENOIC FATTY ACIDS
ALSO INCREASED MINIMALLY IN THE LIGHT-GROWN MICROBIOTA. MEASURES OF
SULFOLIPID SYNTHESIS, LIPID GLYCSRQL, TOTAL EXTRACTABLE PALMITATE,
18-CAR30N PQLYENOIC FATTY ACIDS, AND TOTAL POLYENOIC FATTY ACIDS
LONGER THAN 20 CARBONS INCREASED 10- TO 15-FQLO IN ALGAE AND FUNGI.
CHLOROPHYLL -A, LIPID GALACTQSE, AND THE 16- AND 20- CARSON ' POLYENOIC
FATTY ACIDS CHARACTERISTIC DF DIATOMS INCREASED MAXIMALLY * IN THE
LIGHT.. THIS INCREASE OF DIATOM MEASURE CORRELATED WITH THE SHEETS OF
DIATOMS DETECTED BY SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.
BOOKHOUT, CAZLYN G., ROBERT MONROE, RICHARD FORWARD, AND JOHN D. CQSTLOW, JR.
1982. EFFECTS OF SOLUBLE FRACTIONS OF USED LIGHT-WEIGHT LIGNOSULFONATE TYPE
MUD AND HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM ON THE COMPLETE LARVAL DEVELOPMENT OF CRABS,
RHITHROPANOPEUS HARRISII AND CALLINECTES SAPIDUS. EPA-600/3-82-Q1S, U.S.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY, GULF
BREEZE, FL. 64?.
AVAIL. FRQM NTIS, SPRINGFIELD, VA: PS82-1972Q3.
THE MUD AQUEOUS FRACTIONS CMAF) AND SUSPENDED PARTICULATE PHASE AND WAS 13.7 FOR DEVELOPMENT TO 1ST CRA3 STAGE. A
CONCENTRATION OF 1.1 PPM WAS NONTOXIC, 7.2 AND 14.5 NAC2)CROC4> WERE
SU3LETHAL AND CONCENTRATIONS OF 29.1 TO 53.1 PPM WERE ACUTELY TOXIC.
LOW CONCENTRATIONS OF NAC2>CROC4).CAUSED AW INCREASE IN SWIMMING SPEED
AND HIGH CONCENTRATIONS CAUSED A DECLINE. SURVIVAL OF CALLINECTES
SAPIDUS OCCURRED IN 1.1 TO 4.7 NAC2KROC4). THE LC50 FOR COMPLETE
ZOEAL DEVELOPMENT WAS ESTIMATED TO BE 2."9 PPM AND THE LC50 FOR
DEVELOPMENT TO 1ST CRA3 STAGE WAS ESTIMATED TO BE 1.0 PPM. STATISTICAL
ANALYSES OF THE DATA ON SURVIVAL, DURATION AND MORTALITY OF LARVAE ARE
PRESENTED.
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BOOKHQUT, C.G.t R.J. MONROE, R.3. FORWARD, JR.. AND J.D. COSTLOW, JR. 1984.
EFFECTS OF SOLUBLE FRACTIONS OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON DEVELOPMENT OF CRABS,
RHITHROPANOPEUS HAfiRISII- AND CALLINECTES SAPIQUS. WATER AIR SOIL PQLLUT.
21:133-197.. CERL.GB X374*).
THE HUD AQUEOUS FRACTION (MAP) AND SUSPENDED PARTICULATE PHASE CSPP)
OF LOW-DENSITY LIGNQSULFONATE TYPE MUD WITH FERROCHRQME ADDED WERE
NONTQXIC TO LARVAE DURING THE COMPLETE LARVAL DEVELOPMENT OF
RHITHRQPANDPEUS HARRISII. FIVE PERCENT (5000 PPM, 0,5? V/V MUD IN
WATER) MAP AND SPP WERE NOT TOXIC TO CALLINECTES SAPIDUS. SURVIVAL OF
C. SAPIDUS LARVAE DECREASED AS CONCENTRATIONS OF MAF AND'SPP INCREASED
FROM 5% (5000 PPM, 0.5 V/V MUD IN WATER) TO 50% (50,000 PPM, 5? V/V
MUD IN WATER). NO LARVAE REACHED THE 1ST CRAB STAGE IN 100? (100000
PPM, 10? V/V MUD IN WATER) MAF AND SPP. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE
DATA ON SURVIVAL, MORTALITY, AND BEHAVIOR ARE PRESENTED. BLUE CRAB
LARVAL BEHAVIOR IS AFFECTED BY EXPOSURE TO MAF AND SPP WITH THE
GENERAL EFFECT BEING A DECLINE IN SWIMMING SPEED. A SIGNIFICANT
REDUCTION WAS ONLY OBSERVED IN 100? MAF BUT WAS NOTICED IN 5, 25, 50,
AND 100? SPP.
BOTERO, LEONOR, AND JELLE ATEMA. 1982. BEHAVIOR AND SU3STR.ATE SELECTION
DURING LARVAL SETTLING IN THE LOBSTER HQMA3US AMERICANUS. J. CRUSTACEAN
8IQL. 2(l):59-69. (£RL,GB X399#).
DURING THE MOLT FROM THIRD- TO FOURTH-STAGE, LARVAE Or HOMARUS
AMERICANUS METAMORPHOSE INTO THEIR ADULT FORM AND PIGMENTATION. IN THE
COURSE OF THE FOURTH STAGE, THEIR PELAGIC LIFE CHANGES TO A BENTHIC
EXISTENCE. ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATE CHOICE EXPERIMENTS AND QUALITATIVE
ILLUMINATION EXPERIMENTS SHOW THAT DURING THE EARLY FOURTH STAGE THE
PHOTOTACTIC RESPONSE REVERSES FROM POSITIVE TO NEGATIVE. TOGETHER WITH
POSITIVE.THIGMOTAXIS, THIS RESULTS IN A CHOICE OF DARK CREVICES. AMONG
NATURAL SUBSTRATE CHOICES, PREFERENTIAL SETTLEMENT OCCURRED ON
MACROALGAL-COVERED ROCKS, FOLLOWED BY ROCKS ON SANDi MUD, AND SAND.
MOREOVER, WHEN NO CHOICE WAS GIVEN, SETTLING OCCURRED MOST RAPIDLY ON
MACROALGAL-COVERED ROCKS (34 H), FOLLOWED BY SCATTERED ROCKS ON SAND'
(33 H), AND MUD (62 H); NO SETTLING OCCURRED ON $ANO EVEN TWO WEEKS
AFTER THE LAST ANIMAL AHD SETTLED ON ALL OTHER SUBSTRATES. THESE
ANIMALS CONTINUED TO EXPLORE THE SAND SUBSTRATE WITH- DIVES TO THE
BOTTOM. ALTHOUGH MUD WAS NOT A PREFERRED SUBSTRATE IN CHOICE TESTS,
THE ANIMALS THAT CHOSE MUD AND THOSE THAT WERE PRESENTED ONLY WITH MUD
SETTLED SUCCESSFULLY AND WERE IMMEDIATELY EFFICIENT IN THEIR BURROWING
BEHAVIOR, CONSTRUCTING U-SHAPED TUNNELS WHEN IN THE CENTER OF THE
AQUARIUM WITHOUT USING A PEB3LS OR ROCK AS A STARTING POINT. THESE
LABORATORY TESTS CONFIRM FIELD OBSERVATIONS THAT LOBSTERS CAN
SUCCESSFULLY EXPLOIT A VARIETY OF SUBSTRATES. THEY SHOW THAT A
SUBSTRATE CAN 3E MANIPULATED TO MAKE SUITABLE BURROWS.
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3RANNQN, ANITA C. 1978. BARIUM, STRONTIUM AND CALCIUM IN THE EXQSKELETAL
AND SOFT TISSUES OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO, IN RELATION TO THE
HOLT CYCLE. M.S. THESIS. UNIVERSITY OF WEST FLORIDA, PENSACOLA, FL. 73P.
(ERL,GB
EXPERIMENTS WERE CONDUCTED USING THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO,
TO INVESTIGATE THE RELATIVE ACCUMULATION, STORAGE AND EXOSKELETAL
DEPOSITION OF BARIUM, STRONTIUM AND CALCIUM. BARIUM WAS DETERMINED SY
FLAMELESS ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY USING PYRQL YTICALL Y COATED
GRAPHITE TUBES. STONTIUM AND CALCIUM WERE DETERMINED BY FLAME ATOMIC
ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY. EXOSKELETAL CALCIUM DEPOSITION IN
PALAEMONETES PUGIO BEGAN IMMEDIATELY AFTER ECDYSIS AND PROCEEDED AT A
CONSTANT RATE. 3ARIUM AND STRONTIUM ARE DEPOSITED IN THE EXQSKELETON
ALONG WITH CALCIUM. THE DEGREE OF DEPOSITION OF 3ARIUM AND 'STRONTIUM
VARIED DURING THE COURSE ON MINERALIZATION OF THE EXOSKELETON. THE
EXOSKELETAL TISSUES SHOWED DISCRIMINATION IN FAVOR OF BARIUM "AND
AGAINST STRONTIUM. SY CONTRAST, THE HEPATOPANCREAS AND ABDOMINAL
MUSCLE SHOWED DISCRIMINATION IN FAVOR OF BOTH STRONTIUM AND BARIUM
RELATIVE. TO CALCIUM- THESE DIFFERENCES IN MINERAL DISCRIMINATION 3Y
EXOSKELETAL AND SOFT TISSUES SUGGEST THAT THE MECHANISM Or MINERAL
DEPOSITION IN THE EXOSKELETON MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE MECHANISMS OF
MINERAL UPTAKE BY SOFT TISSUES. THE UPTAKE AND TISSUE DISTRIBUTION OF
BARIUM WAS STUDIED USING BA-133. THE LEVEL OF ACCUMULATION VARIED WITH
THE STAGE IN THE MOLT CYCLE AND THE TISSUES EXAMINED. THE RELATIVE
ACCUMULATION AMONG THE TISSUES WAS CARAPACE > HEPATOPANCREAS >
ABDOMINAL MUSCLE. LONG TERM MAINTENANCE OF SHRIMP UNDER LABORATORY
CONDITIONS LED TO DECREASES IN THE WEIGHT OF CAST EXUVIA, INCREASES IN
THE CONCENTRATION OF CALCIUM IN THE ABDOMINAL EXOSKELETON, AND
DECREASES IN THE CONCENTRATION OF CALCIUM IN THE ABDOMINAL MUSCLE.
SHRIMP EXPOSED TO 3ARITE MEDIA ACCUMULATED BARIUM IN THEIR
HEPATOPANCREAS, ABDOMINAL MUSCLE AND EXOSKELETON WITH ACCUMULATION
INCREASING WITH THE DURATION OF THE EXPOSURE. EXPOSURE TO BARITE LED
TO AN ALTERATION IN THE MINERAL COMPOSITION OF CAST EXUVIA WITH
RELATIVE. CONCENTRATIONS OF EXUVIA OF EXPERIMENTAL SHRIMP BEING C A > 3A
> SR AND THAT OF CONTROL SHRIMP 3EING CA > SR > BA.
BRANNON, ANITA C., AND PHILIP J. CONKLIN. 1978. EFFECT OF SODIUM
PENTACHL030PHENATE ON EXOSKELETAL CALCIUM IN THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES
PUGIO. I.M: PENTACHLOROPHENOL: CHEMISTRY, pHARMACOLOGYt AND "ENVIRONMENTAL
TOXICOLOGY. K. RANGA.RAQ, EDITOR, PLENUM PRESS, NEW YORK, NYi PP. 205-211.
CERL9GB.X015*).
EXPOSURE OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO, TO MEDIA CONTAINING
SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHcNATE CNA-PCP) LED TO AN APPARENT INCREASE IN THE-
DRY WEIGHT OF EXUVIA AS WELL AS AN INCREASE IN THE TOTAL QUANTITY OF
CALCIUM.. THE ACTUAL CALCIUM CONCENTRATION CMC CA/MG DRY EXOSKELETQN)
IN EXUVIA DID NOT VARY SIGNIFICANTLY IN RELATION TO NA-PCP EXPOSURE.
WHETHER THE OBSERVED CHANGES IN EXUVIA FROM SHRIMP EXPOSED TO NA-PCP
ARE DUE TO A DECREASE IN THE RESORPTIDN OF THE OLD EXOSKELETON
PRECEEOING ECDYSIS REMAINS TO BE CLARIFIED.
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BRANNQN, ANITA C., AND K. RAMGA RAO. 1979. BARIUM, STRONTIUM AND CALCIUM
LEVELS IN THE cXQSKELSTON, HEPAT-3PANCRE AS AND ABDOMINAL MUSCLE OF THE GRASS
SHRIMP, PALAEMQNETES PUGIO: RELATION TO MOLTING AND EXPOSURE TO BARITE.
COMP. BIOCHEM. PHYSIOL. A CQMP. PHYSIDL. 63AI261-274. CERL,G8 XQ16*>.
1. THE BA, S* AND CA LEVELS IN THE EXQSKELETAL AND SOFT TISSUES OF THE
GRASS SHRIMPt PALAEMONETES PUGIO, WERE DETERMINED IN RELATION TO
cCDYSIS, POSTECDYSIAL MINERALIZATION OF THE CUTICLE AND EXPOSURE TO
MEDIA CONTAINING 3ARITE. 2. THE EXOSKELETAL TISSUES DISCRIMINATED IN
FAVOR OF BA AGAINST SR, RELATIVE TO CA. THE HSPATOPANCREAS AND .
ABDOMINAL MUSCLE DISCRIMINATED IN FAVOR OF BOTH BA AND SR. 3. THE
BA/CA AND SR/CA RATIOS Or THS EXOSXELETAL AND SOFT TISSUES VARIED
DURING THE MOLT CYCLE. 4. LONG TERM (106 DAYS) EXPOSURE OF SHRIMP TO
EITHER SEAWATER CIO 3 SALINITY) OR S£AWAT£R CONTAINING 500 MG SARITE/L
LED TO A DECREASE IN THE CA CONCENTRATION IN THE ABDOMINAL MUSCLE AND
AN INCREASE IN THE CA CONCENTRATION IN THE EXQSKELETON-. 5. WHEN
EXPOSED TO MEDIA CONTAINING SARITE THE SHRIMP INGESTED PARTICULATE
BA8ITE. 6, THE SHRIMP EXPOSED TO 8ARITE MEDIA ACCUMULATED HIGHER
LEVELS OF BA IN THEIH EXQSKELETAL AND SOFT TISSUES THAN CONTROL SHRIMP
IN SEAWATER. THE RELATIVE CONCENTRATIONS OF THE MINERALS IN THE EXUVIA
OF 3ARITE-EXPOSEO SHRIMP WERE CA>BA>SR, WHILE THOSE OF CONTROL SHRIMP
WERE: CA>SR>BA.
CANTELMO, F.R., AND K.R. RAO. 1978. EFFECT OF PENTACHLOROpHENOL CPCP) ON
MEIOBENTHIC COMMUNITIES ESTABLISHED IN AN EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEM. MAR. 8IOL.
46Cl):l7-22. CERL,GB X029*),
AQUARIA CONTAINING CLEAN SANO RECEIVED A CONTINUOUS SUPPLY OF SEAWATER
FROM SANTA ROSA SOUND, FLORIDA, USA, MIXED WITH KNOWN CONCENTRATIONS
C7, 7S AND 622 MG 1-1) OF PENTACHLOROPHENOL CPCP). AFTER 9 WEEKS,
NEMATQDES ACCOUNTED FOR 872 OF THE TOTAL MEIOFAUNA. NEMATQDS BIOMASS
AND DENSITIES WERE GREATEST IN AQUARIA EXPOSED TO 76 MG PCP 1-1 AND
WERE LEAST IN AQUARIA EXPOSED TO 622 MG PCP 1-1. EPISTRATE FEEDERS
WERE ABUNDANT IN CONTROL AQUARIA AND AQUARIA EXPOSED TO 7 AND 76 MG
PCP 1-1, BUT NOT IN AQUARIA EXPOSED TO 522 MG PCP 1-1. SELECTIVE
DEPOSIT FEEDERS WERE NOT ABUNDANT IN THE CONTROL AQUARIA AND AQUARIA
EXPOSED TO 7 MG PCP 1-1, BUT COMPRISED 19? OF THE NEMATODES IN AQUARIA
EXPOSED TO 76 MG PCP 1-1 AND 61% IN AQUARIA EXPOSED TO 622 MG PCP 1-1.
CANTELMO, ANGELA C., AND K. RANGA RAO. 1978, EFFECTS OF PENTACHLOROPHENOL
CPCP) AND.2,4-OINITROPHENOL CDNP) ON THE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF TISSUES FROM
THE BLUE CRAB, CALLINECTES SAPIDUS, UNDER DIFFERENT OSMOTIC CONDITIONS,
COMP, BIOCHEM. PHYSIOL. C COMP. PHARMACOL. 60C<2)J215-219. CERL,GB X028*).
1. THE EFFECTS OF ACCLIMATION TO 300 AND 940 MlLLIOSMOLE SEAWATER AND"
AN ACUTE HYPO-OSMOTIC STRESS ON THE WEIGHT-SPECIFIC OXYGEN CONSUMPTION
OF THE.GILLS, MUSCLE AND HEPATOPANCRSAS OF THE BLUE CRAB, CALLlNECTtS
SAPIDUS, WERE DETERMINED. 2. THE GILL AND MUSCLE TISSUES EXHIBITED AN
INCREASE IN OXYGEN CONSUMPTION ON ACCLIMATION OF CRABS TO A LOW
SALINITY. OR WHEN THE TISSUES WERE SUBJECTED TO AN ACUTE HYPO-OSMOTIC
STRESS. SIMILAR TREATMENTS DID NOT ALTER THE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF THE
HEPATOPANCREAS. 3. AT A CONCENTRATION OF 5 X 10-3 M, PENTACHLOROPHENOL
CPCP) AND 2,4-OINITROPHENOL CDNP) CAUSED INHIBITION OF OXYGEN
CONSUMPTION IN THE TISSUES EXAMINED. THE EXTENT OF THIS INHIBITION OF
OXYGEN CONSUMPTION WAS INDEPENDENT OF THE METABOLIC ACTIVITY OF 'THE
TISSUES.
PAGE
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CANTELMDt FRANK R-, AND K. RANGA 3AO. 1978. EFFECTS OF PENTACHLQROPHENQL ON
THE MEIOBENTHIC NEHATODES IN AN EXPERIMENTAL SYSTSM. IN: PENTACSLQROPHENQL:
CHEMISTRY, PHARMACOLOGY, AND ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY. K. SANGA RAO, EDITOR,
PLENUM PRESS, NEW YORK, NY. PP. 165-174. (ERL,GB X026*).
AQUARIA CONTAINING CLEAN SAND RECEIVED A CONTINUOUS SUPPLY OF SEAWATER
FROM SANTA ROSA SOUND, FLORIDA, MIXED WITH KNOWN QUANTITIES OF PCP FOR
NINE WEEKS CMAY 10 - JULY 12, 1976) FOR THE FIRST EXPERIMENT AND
OOWICIOE G-ST FOR THIRTEEN WEEKS CDECEMBER 27, 1976 - MARCH 28, 1977)
FOR THE SECOND EXPERIMENT, THE MEASURED CONCENTRATIONS OF PCP IN 'THE
FORMER EXPERIMENT WERE 776 AND 622 MG/L WHILE THE CONCENTRATIONS AT
1.8, 15.8 AND 161 MG/L WERE USED IN THE LATTER EXPERIMENT. AT EHE END
OF EACH EXPERIMENT THE MEIOFAUNA ESTABLISHED IN THE' CONTROL AND
EXPERIMENTAL AQUARIA HERE EXAMINED. NEMAT03ES WERE THE DOMINANT GROUP
AND AVERAGED 83? OF ALL THE MEIOFAUNA ENCOUNTERED. CONCENTRATIONS OF
1.8, 7 AND 15.3 MG PCP/L DID NOT AFFECT THE 8IOMASS AND DENSITY OF
NEMATODES. AN INTERMEDIATE CONCENTRATION OF PCP C76 MG/L) CAUSED AN
INCREASE IN 3IOMASS AND DENSITY OF NEMATODES COMPARED TO CONTROL
AQUARIA. HIGHER CONCENTRATIONS OF PC? C161 AND 622 MG/L) CAUSED A
DECREASE IN BIOMASS AND DENSITY OF NEMATQOES COMPARED TO CONTROL
AQUARIA. HARKED CHANGES IN NEMATODE SPECIES COMPOSITION AND SHIFTS IN
NEMATODE FEEDING TYPES WERE NOTICED IN THE AQUARIA EXPOSED TO 161 AND
622 MG .PCP/L. NEMATODES CLASSIFIED AS EPISTRATE FEEDERS WERE MOST
ABUNDANT IN THE CONTROL AQUARIA AND THOSE EXPOSED TO 1,8, 7, 15.8 AND
76 MG PCP/L. DEPOSIT FEEDERS WERE RELATIVELY ABUNDANT AMONG THE
NEMATOOES IN AQUARIA EXPOSED TO 161 AND 622 MG PCP/L. THE ALTERATIONS
JN NEMATODES OBSERVED IN THIS INVESTIGATION APPEARED TO BE DUE TO THE
VARIATIONS IN MACR03SNTHIC FAUNA AND FOOD (ALGAED SUPPLY CAUSED BY THE
3IOCIDAL EFFECTS OF PCP AND ALSO DUE TO THE TOXIC EFFECTS OF PCP ON
MEIOFAUNA.
PAGE
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CANTELMO, ANGELA C« , PHILIP J. CONKLIN, FcRRIS R. FOX, AND K. RANGA RAO,
1978. EFFECTS OF SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE AND 2,4-DINITROPHENOL ON
RESPIRATION IN CRUSTACEANS. IN: PENTACHLOROPH5NOL: CHEMISTRY,
PHARMACOLOGY, AND ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY. K. RANGA RAO, EDITOR, PLENUM
PRESS, NEW YORK, .NY. PP. 251-263. (ERL,G3 X027*).
THE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO, WAS
DETERMINED 'AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF THE MOLT CYCLE. AT EACH STAGE OF THE
MOLT CYCLc, THE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION VARIED IN RELATION TO PERIODS OF
. ACTIVITY. IN ORDER TO MINIMIZE THE ERRORS IN ESTABLISHING BASAL
(CONTROL) RATES OF OXYGEN CONSUMPTION, MEASUREMENTS WERE MADE OVER
EXTENDED PERIODS (1 TO 24 HOURS). IN CONTRAST TO THE PREVIOUS REPORTS
OF PROGRESSIVE INCREASES IN OXYGEN CONSUMPTION DURING PROECDYSIAL
STAGES IN OTHER CRUSTACEANS, WE NOTED SIGNIFICANT INCREASES IN OXYGEN
CONSUMPTION JUST PRIOR TO AND DURING THE ACTUAL SHEDDING OF
EXOSKELETON CECDYSIS) IN GRASS SHRIMP. THE EFFECTS OF SODIUM
PENTACHLOROPHENATE CNA-PCP) ON OXYGEN CONSUMPTION VARIED DEPENDING
THE STAGE OF THE MOLT CYCLE, CONCENTRATION OF NA-PCP AND EXTENT
PRE-EXPOSURE OF SHRIMP TO NA-PCP, AT CONCENTRATIONS OF 1.5
PPM, NA-PCP DID NOT ALTER THE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF
INTERMOLT AND PROcCDYSIAL STAGES OF THE MOLT CYCLE. LATS
SHRIMP EXPOSED TO 5.0 PPM NA-PCP EXHIBITED AN INCREASE
CONSUMPTION IN RELATION TO ECDYSIS TO THE SAME LEVEL
ON
OF
AND 5.0
SHRIMP IN
PROECOYAIAL
IN OXYGEN
AS THAT OF
CONTROL SHRIMP. HOWEVER, FOLLOWING ECDYSIS, THE SHRIMP EXPOSED TO 5.0
PPM NA-PCP EXHIBITED A DRAMATIC OECLINE IN OXYGEN CONSUMPTION AND DIED
WITHIN THREE HOURS. THIS INCREASED SENSITIVITY DURING THE EARLY
POSTSCOYSIAL PERIOD APPEARED TO BE RELATED TO AN INCREASE IN THE
UPTAKE OF NA-PCP AT THIS STAGE COMPARED TO INTERMOLT AND PROECDYSIAL
STAGES. A DECLINE IN OXYGEN CONSUMPTION AS NOTED ABOVE COULD BE
INDUCED IN INTERMOLT SHRIMP 3Y USING HIGHER CONCENTRATIONS OF NA-PCP.
EXPOSURE OF SHRIMP TO 10 OR 12 PPM NA-PCP, OR TO 5 PPM FOLLOWED 3Y 20
PPM NA-PCP CAUSED AN INITIAL INCREASE IN OXYGEN CONSUMPTION ANO A
SUBSEQUENT DECLINE LEADING TO DEATH. THc SURVIVAL TIME OF INTERMOLT
SHRIMP PRETREATfcD WITH 5 PPM NA-PCP WAS LONGER THAN THAT OF SHRIMP
EXPOSED DIRECTLY TD 10 OR 20 PPM NA-PCP. ALTHOUGH 20 PPM
2,4-OINITRQPHENOL CDNP) CAUSED AN INITIAL INCREASE IN OXYGEN
CONSUMPTION IN INTERMOLT SHRIMP, THIS WAS NOT FOLLOWED BY ANY DECLINE
IN OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OR DEATH DURING A 24-HOUR EXPOSURE. THE EFFECTS
OF NA-PCP AND DNP ON TISSUE RESPIRATION IN VITRO WERE STUDIED USING
THE BLUE CRAB, CALLINECTES SAPIOUS. AT CONCENTRATIONS OF 1 X 10-6 M
AND 5 X 10-5 M, THESE COMPOUNDS DID NOT ALTER THE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION
OF THE MUSCLE, GILL AND HEPATQPANCSEAS. AT A CONCENTRATION OF 5 X 10-3
M, BOTH NA-PCP AND DNP CAUSED AN INHIBITION OF OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF
ISOLATED TISSUES.
PAGE
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CANTELMO, FRANK R., M.E. TAGATZ, AND K. RANGA RAD. 1979. EFFECT OF 3ARITE
ON .MEIOFAUNA IN A FLOW-THROUGH EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEM. MAR, ENVIRON. RES.
2(45:301-309. (E3L,G3 X151).
THE EFFECTS OF BARITE C94-96S 3AS04), A MAJOR CONSTITUENT OF DRILLING
MUDS USED IN MARINE OIL DRILLING OPERATIONS, ON MEIOFAUNA WERE STUDIED
IN AN EXPERIMENTAL FLOW-THROUGH SYSTEM. AQUARIA CONTAINING SAND OR
VARYING PROPORTIONS OF 3ARITE AND SAND RECEIVED A CONTINUOUS SUPPLY OF
UNFILTERED SEAWATER FROM SANTA ROSA SOUND, FLORIDA, FOR TEN WEEKS. AT
THE END OF THIS PERIOD THE COMPOSITION, BIDMASS AND VERTICAL
DISTRIBUTION OF THE MEIOFAUNA WERE DETERMINED. MOST OF THE MEIOFAUNA
O99?) OCCURRED IN THE HIGHLY AEROBIC UPP£R 2 CM PORTION OF THE
SUBSTRATUM. ROTIFERA, FORAMINIFERA, HYDROZOA, TURBELLARIA, OSTRACODAf
POLYCHAETA AND BIVALVIA DID NOT EXHIBIT SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES
BETWEEN CONTROL AND EXPERIMENTAL AQUARIA. HOWEVER, THE DENSITIES OF
NEMATOOA, COPEPODA .AND COPEPODA NAUPLII VARIED WITH THE SUBSTRATE
COMPOSITION. THE MEIOFAUNAL DENSITIES IN THE AQUARIA CONTAINING 1:10
OR 1:3 MIXTURES OF 3ARITE AND SAND WERE GREATER THAN THAT IN JAQUARlA
CONTAINING SAND. ALONE. .A MARKED DECREASE IN MEIOFAUNAL DENSITY WAS
EVIDENT IN AQUARIA CONTAINING 5.5 CM O'F SAND COVERED WITH A 0.5 CM
LAYER OF BARITE.
CAPUZZO, JUDITH M., AND JENNIFER G. SMITH DERBY. 1982. DRILLING FLUID
EFFECTS TO.DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF'THE AMERICAN LOBSTER, EPA-6QQ/4-82-039,
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY, GULF
BREEZE, FL. 52P.
AVAIL. FROM NTIS, SPRINGFIELD, VA: P382-220740.
LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS WERE CONDUCTED TO EVALUATE THE IMPACT OF
/ DRILLING OPERATIONS FOR OIL EXPLORATION ON POPULATIONS OF THE AMERICAN
L03STER (HOMARUS AMERICANUS5. THE EFFECTS OF USED, WHOLE DRILLING
FLUIDS ON THE LARVAL STAGES OF THE LOBSTER WERE ASSESSED IN CONTINUOUS
FLOW SIOASSAY EXPERIMENTS. THE FIVE DRILLING FLUIDS TESTED WERE SHOWN
TO VARY MARKEDLY IN THEIR TOXICITY, WITH LC-50 VALUES RANGING FROM 74
PPM TO >500 PPM. SU3LETHAL EXPOSURES TO DRILLING FLUIDS RESULTED IN
REDUCTIONS IN GROWTH RATES, MOLTING FREQUENCIES, RESPIRATION RATES,
FEEDING .RATES, AND GROWTH EFFICIENCIES- REDUCED 0:N RATIOS AND
INCREASED PROTEIN:LI?ID RATIOS DEMONSTRATED A CHANGE IN THE ENERGETICS
OF THE LARVAL LOBSTERS AS A RESULT OF DRILLING FLUID EXPOSURE. RESULTS
SHOW THAT IT IS PRIMARILY THE CHEMICAL AND NOT THE PHYSICAL FEATURES
OF DRILLING.FLUIDS THAT WERE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS
OBSERVED, THE DRILLING FLUIDS TESTED THAT HAD A DIESEL COMPONENT WERE
MORE TOXIC THAN THOSc WITHOUT THIS COMPONENT, ALTHOUGH DIRECT
CORRELATIONS BETWEEN PERCENT DIESEL AND RELATIVE'TOXICITY COULD NOT 3E
MADE. THE PHENOL AND METAL CONTENT Or THE DRILLING FLUIDS MAY HAVE
ALSO CONTRIBUTED TO THEIR TOXICITY. FIELD DISPERSION 'STUDIES ON
DRILLING FLUIOS ARE DISCUSSED IN TERMS Or POTENTIAL IMPACT AREAS.
CONKLIN, P. J.» AND K. R, RAO. IN PREP. COMPARATIVE TOXICITY
AND OIL-ADDED DRILLING MUDS TO LARVAE OF THE GRASS SHRIMP,
INTERMEOIUS. ARCH. ,ENVIRON. CONTAM. TOXICOL. C£RL,G3 X471).
OF OFFSHORE
PALAEMONETES
PAGE 10
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CONKLIN, PHILIP J., AND K. RANGA RAO. 1978. TOXICITY OF SODIUM
PENTACHLDROPHSNATE (NA-PCP) TO THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMQNETES PUGIO, AT
DIFFERENT STAGES OF. THE MOLT CYCLE. BULL. ENVIRON. CONTAM. TOXICQL.
2Q(2):275-279. (ERL.GB X021#).
PENTACHLOROPHENDL (PCP) AND ITS SALTf SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE
(NA-PCP) ARE WIDELY USED AS BIOCIOES (BEVENUE AND 8ECKMAN 1967).
PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS INDICATE THAT AOULT CRUSTACEANS ARE MORE
TOLERANT THAN FISH TO PCP AND NA-PC? CGOODNIGHT 1942? KAILA AND
SAARIKQSKI 1977), THE TOXICITY DATA FOR CRUSTACEANS ARE BASED ON SHORT
TERM (USUALLY 96 HOURS OR LESS) BIOASSAYS ON INDIVIDUALS 'WHOSE
PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS IN RELATION TO THt MOLT CYCLE WAS UNKNOWN, SINCE
CHANGES IN THE PERMEABILITY OF CUTICLES ARE EXPECTEDF TO OCCUR IN
RELATION TO THE CYCLIC SHEDDING* SECRETION AND HARDENING OF THE
EXQSKELETON IN CRUSTACEANS (PASSANO I960) IT IS IMPORTANT TO EVALUATE
THE TOXICITY.OF PESTICIDES AT KNOWN STAGES OF THE- MOLT CYCLE. ALTHOUGH
THERE ARE REPORTS OF AN APPARENT INCREASE IN THE SENSITIVITY OF ADULT
CRUSTACEANS DURING OR SOON AFTER MOLTING CECDYSIS) TO TOXICANTS SUCH
AS COPPER CHU3SCHMAN 1967), AROCLOR 1254 CDUKE ET AL. 1970? NIMMQ ET
AL- 1971) AND METHOXYCHLOR (ARMSTRONG ET AL. 1976) THERE HAVE 3EEN NO
TOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATIONS IN RELATION TO THE DIFFERENT STAGES OF THE
MOLT CYCLE. THE CRUSTACEAN MOLT CYCLE IS DIVIDED INTO FIVE MAJOR
STAGES (A THROUGH E) AND SEVERAL SUBSTAGES (DRACH 1939) WHICH CAN 8E
IDENTIFIED 3Y DISTINCT MORPHOLOGICAL CRITERIA. THE AIM OF THIS
INVESTIGATION WAS TO EVALUATE THE TOXICITY OF NA-PCP TO THE GRASS
SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO, AT SPECIFIC STAGES OF THE MOLT CYCLE USING
STANDARD 96 HOUR BIOASSAYS.
CONKLIN, PHILIP J., AND K. RANGA RAO. 1978. TOXICITY OF SODIUM
PENTACHLOROPHENATE TO THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGID, IN RELATION TO
THE MOLT CYCLE. IN: PENTACHLOROPHENOL: CHEMISTRY, PHARMACOLOGY, AND
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY. K. RANGA RAO, EDITOR, PLENUM PRESS, NEW YORK, NY.
PP. 181-192. (ERL.GB X04Q*).
THE TDXICITY OF SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE CNA-PCP) TO THE GRASS
SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO, WAS EVALUATED AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF THE
MOLT. CYCLE. IN 96-HOUR 3IOASSAYS, THE SHRIMP IN LATER STAGES OF THE
PROECDYSIAL PERIOD EXHIBITED A GREATER SENSITIVITY TO NA-PCP THAN THAT
EXHIBITED BY SHRIMP IN THE INTERMQLT AND EARLY PRDECDYSIAL STAGES OF
THc MOLT CYCLE. THE SHRIMP IN LATER PRQECDYSIAL STAGES "GENERALLY
MOLTED (UNDERWENT ECOY5IS) DURING THE 96-HOUR TEST PERIOD AND DIED
SHORTLY AFTER SCDYSIS. THE 96-HOUR LC50 VALUE OBTAINED FOR THESE
SHRIMP (0,436 PPM) IS THE LOWEST OF ALL THE LCSO VALUES REPORTED
PREVIOUSLY FOR ADULT CRUSTACEANS AND IS COMPARABLE TO THOSE FOR FISH
AND LARVAL CRUSTACEANS, THE INCREASED SENSITIVITY TO NA-PCP DURING THE
EARLY POSTECDYSIAL PERIOD WAS ALSO APPARENT:IN A LONG-TERM (66 DAYS)
TEST. THE OBSERVED POSTECDYSIAL MORTALITY OF SHRIMP EXPOSED TO 1.0 PPM'
NA-PCP WAS NOT DEPENDENT ON THE DURATION OF EXPOSURE OF SHRIMP TO
NA-PCP DURING THE P30ECDYSIAL PERIOD, STUDIES WITH 14C-PCP INDICATE
THAT AN ABRUPT INCREASE IN THE UPTAKE OF PCp DURING THE PERIOD SHORTLY
AFTER ECDYSIS MAY CAUSE INCREASED MORTALITIES DURING THIS PERIOD.
PAGE 11
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CQNKLJNt PHILIP J. , DANIEL 6. OOUGHTIE, AND K. RANGA RAO, 1980. EFFECTS OF
8ARITE AND USED DRILLING MUDS ON CRUSTACEANS, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO
THE GRASS SHRlMPt PALAEMONtTES PUGIO. IN: SYMPOSIUM: RESEARCH ON
ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EFFECTS DF DRILLING FLUIDS AND CUTTINGS, JAN. 21-24,
1980, LAKE 8UENA VISTA, FL., VOL. 2. AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE,
WASHINGTON, DC. PP. 912-943. CERL,GB X226#).
WHEN EXPOSED TO MEDIA CONTAINING BARITS OR USED DRILLING MUD, THE
GRASS SHRIMP PALAEMONETES PUGIO INGESTED THE SETTLED BARITE AND
DRILLING MUD PARTICLES. ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDIES DM THE MIDGUT OF
SHRIMP EXPOSED FOR A 30-DAY PERIOD TO 100 OR 500 PPM BARITS-CONTAINING
MEDIA SHOWED THAT PROLONGED INGESTION OF BARITE CAUSES MARKED
PERTURBATIONS IN THE POSTERIOR MIDGUT EPITHELIUM. WHAT EFFECTS THE
INGESTION OF WHOLE DRILLING MUD PARTICLES HAS ON THE DIGESTIVE
EPITHELIA REMAINS TO BE STUDIED. DEPENDING ON THE TYPE OF PARTICULATE
MATERIALS AVAILABLE IN THE MEDIUM AT THE SAMg TIME'OF MOLTING, THE
GRASS SHRIMP INCORPORATED SAND GRAINS, BARITE, OR DRILLING MUD
PARTICLES INTO ITS STATOCYCTS —THE EQUILIBRIUM RECEPTORS LOCATED IN
THE BASAL ANTENNULAR SEGMENT. WHETHER THE PHYSIOLOGY OF THESE SENSE
ORGANS WOULD 3E AFFECTED BY THE INCORPORATION OF 8ASITE AND DRILLING
MUD PARTICLES MERITS FURTHER INVESTIGATION. A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE
TOXICITY Or 18 DIFFERENT SAMPLES OF USED CSPENT) DRILLING MUDS FROM AN
EXPLORATORY DRILLING RIG IN A LOCAL ESTUARY REVEALED THAT, DURING A
96-HR TEST PERIOD, NONE OF THE MUDS WAS TOXIC TO INTERMOLT GRASS
SHRIMP AT MUD CONCENTRATION OF 1000 UL/L (10 flND 100 PPM). BUT AS A
CONCENTRATION OF 1000 UL/L UOOO PPM), SIX OF THESE MUDS CAUSED 30 TO
602 MORTALITY.DF INTERMOLT GRflSS SHRIMP DURING A 96-HR TEST PERIOD,
WHILE ONE MUD CAUSED 100? MORTALITY. TOXICITY TESTS WITH MOLTING GRASS
SHRIMP YIELDED LC 50 VALUES OF 363 TO 739 UL/L FOR FIVE OF THE MUD
SAMPLES. A FLOW-THROUGH SYSTEM WAS EMPLOYED FOR ASSESSING TH£ TOXICITY
OF DRILLING MUD DURING THE MOLT CYCLE OF PALREMQNETES AND THE' LIFE
CYCLE OF MYSIDOPSIS BAHIA. MYSIDS AR£ FOUND TO BE MORE SENSITIVE' THAN
GRASS SHRIMP TO DRILLING MUD EXPOSURE. IN LIFE CYCLE TESTS WITH
MYSIDS, THE LC 50 FOR ONE Of THE MUOS WAS 50 UL/L. THE LC 50 VALUES
OBTAINED WITH TESTS INVOLVING MOLTING GRASS SHRIMP AND MYSIDS ARE
SEVERAL MAGNITUDES LOWER THAN THE PREVIOUSLY REPORTED LC 50 VALUES FOR
FISHES. THESE RESULTS EMPHASIZE THE NEEO FOR EMPLOYING SENSITIVE
ORGANISMS AND LONG-TERM TESTS FOR ASSESSING THE TOXIC AND SU8LETHAL
EFFECTS OF USED DRILLING MUDS.
CONKLIN, PHILIP J,, AND K. RANGA RAO. 1982. EFFECTS OF TWO DITHIOCARBAMATES
ON THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGID: HOLT-RELATED TOXICITY AND
INHIBITION OF LIM3 REGENERATION. ARCH- ENVIRON. CQNTAM. TOXICOL.
HC4):431-435.
-------
CQNKLIN, P.J., 0. DRYSOALE, D.G. DOUGHTIE, K.R. RAO, J.P. KAKAREKA, T.R.
GILBERT, AND R.F. SHOKES. 1983. COMPARATIVE TDXICITY OF DRILLING MUDS:
ROLE OF CHROMIUM AND PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS. MAR. ENVIRON.•RES.
1QC2):105-125. CERL,G8 X398*).
SAMPLES OF USEO DRILLING MUDS COLLECTED DURING THE COURSE OF A SINGLE
WELL DRILLING OPERATION EXHIBITED DIFFERENT DEGREES OF ACUTE TOXICITY
TO SHEEPSHEAD MINNOWS AND GRASS SHRIMP. FOR MOLTING GRASS SHRIMP
AND GRASS SHRIMP
CPALAEMONTES PUGIO.) GRASS SHRIMP THAT MOLTED DURING THE TESTS WERE
ESPECIALLY SENSITIVE TO THE DRILLING MUDS; THE 96-HR LC50S (363 TO
14,565 PPM MUD SY VOLUME) ARE CONSIDERABLY LOWER THAN THE PREVIOUSLY
REPORTED TDXICITY VALUES FOR DRILLING MUDS. SHEEPSHEAD MINNOWS WERE
CONSIDERABLY LESS SENSITIVE TO THE MUDS THAN WERE GRASS SHRIMP.
ALTHOUGH A NUMBER OF THE DRILLING MUDS CONTAINED RELATIVELY HIGH
AMOUNTS OF CHROMIUM, IN MOST INSTANCES THE OBSERVED TOXICITIES DID NOT
APPEAR TO BE ATTRIBUTABLE TD CHROMIUM ALONE. HOWEVER, THERE WAS A
SIGNIFICANT CORRELATION BETWEEN THE AMOUNT OF OIL PRESENT IN THE MUDS
AND THEIR TOXICITY TO GRASS SHRIMP.
PAGE 13
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CONNOR, SETH JOHN. 1933. EFFECTS OF DRILL MUD ON THE FREE AMINO ACID POOL
OF ACRQPORA CERVICQRNIS. M.S. THESIS. TEXAS ASM UNIVERSITY, COLLEGE
STATION, TX. 51P. (ERL,GB
FOUR SITU EXPERIMENTS WERE CONDUCTED TO TEST THE EFFECTS OF A USED
DRILL MUD ON THE FREE AMINO ACID POOL OF ACROPORA CERVICORNIS.
TWENTY-SIX HOUR EXPOSURES TO 19, 38, AND 76 PPM DRILL MUD CAUSED
SIGNIFICANT REDUCTIONS IN TOTAL NINHYORIN POSITIVE SUBSTANCES CNPS).
TISSUE DEGRADATION AND ZOOXANTHELLAE LOSS WERE ASSOCIATED WITH THE
LARGEST REDUCTIONS IN NPS AT THE 380 PPM MUD EXPOSURE LEVEL. EXPOSURES
, TO KAOLIN SOMETIMES PRODUCED SIGNIFICANT REDUCTIONS IN NPS. EIGHTEEN
AMINO ACIDS WERE IDENTIFIED AS ELEMENTS OF THE FREE AMINO ACID CFAA)
POOL: ASPARTATE, THREONINE, SERINE, GLUTAMATE/GLUTAMINE, GLYCINE,
ALANINE, CITRULLINE, VALINE, METHIONINS, LSUCINE, TYROSINE,
PHENYLALANINE, QRNITHINE, LYSINE, HISTIOINE, ARGININE, CYSTEIC ACID,
AND PROLINE. OF THESE. THE FIRST SIX LISTED ACCOUNTED FOR QVsR 90? OF
THE FAA POOL. GLYCINE WAS THE MOST ABUNDANT. MUD EXPOSURES RESULTED IN
SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER OR HIGHER LEVELS OF ASPARTATE, THREONINE, SERINE,
GLUTAMATE/GLUTAMINE, GLYCINE, AND ALANINE. NO CLEAR CASE QF RECOVERY
WAS NOTED FOR NPS OR FAA LEVELS.
CRAWFORD, RICHARD 8., AND JONATHAN D. GATES. 1981. DRILLING FLUID EFFECTS
ON TELEOST AND ECHINODERM DEVELOPMENT. BULL. MT. DESERT ISL. 8IOL. LAB,
20:10-14.
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CRAWFQRDi RICHARD B. 1983. EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON EMSRYO
DEVELOPMENT. EPA-600/3-83-021» U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY,
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY, GULF SREEZE, FL. 30P.
TOXICITY Or USED DRILLING FLUIDS TO EM3RYO DEVELOPMENT WAS
INVESTIGATED TO ASCERTAIN THE LIMITS Or SAFE USAGE OF THESE FLUIDS IN
MARINE ENVIRONMENTS. EMBRYOS USED AS TEST SYSTEMS WERE OF THE TELEOST,
FUNDULUS HETEROCLITUS, AND FOUR ECHINODERMS 6CHINARACHNIUS' PARMA,
STRQNGYLOCcNTROTUS PURPURATUSt LYTECHINUS PICTUS, LYTECHINUS
VARIEGATUS. THE DRILLING FLUIDS TESTED CAME'FROM VARIOUS SOURCES; 24
DIFFERENT SAMPLES WERE EVALUATED. IN ADDITION, SEVERAL COMMERCIAL
DRILLING FLUID COMPONENTS WERE EXAMINED IN THE TEST SYSTEMS INCLUDING
A SYNTHETIC. -REFERENCE MUD, STUDIES DEMONSTRATED THAT NO SINGLE
DRILLING. FLUID 13 "TYPICAL" AND THAT THE QUANTITATIVE EFFECTS OF
EMBRYOS VARY CONSIDERABLY FROM ONE FLUID TO ANOTHER. SOME DRILLING
FLUIDS ARE QUITE TOXIC TO ONE OR.MORE OF THE EMBRYO SYSTEMS, REQUIRING
DILUTIONS OF OVER IOCS) TO BECOME "SAFS". OTHERS ARE RELATIVELY
INNOCUOUS, REQUIRING VERY LITTLE DILUTION TO ACHIEVE A CONCENTRATION
IN WHICH EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT CAN PROCEED NORMALLY. ALSO, THE EFFECTS ON
DEVELOPMENT SHOW VARIATION FROM ONE FLUID TO ANOTHER, THUS INDICATING
THAT A VARIETY OF COMPONENTS OR COMPOUNDS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR TOXIC
MANIFESTATIONS.
PAGE 15
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D'ASARO, CHARLES N. 1982; CYCLING Or XEN03IOTIC5 THROUGH MARINE AND
ESTUA2INE SEDIMENTS. EPA-6QO/3-82-074, U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCYt
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY, GULF BREEZE, FL. 40P.
THE RESULTS Or FIVE BROADLY DEFINED PROJECTS ARE REPORTED: CYCLING OF
XENOBIOTICS WAS STUDIED WITH A PHOTO-BIOASSAY SYSTEM, THAT USED
TIME-LASPE PHOTOGRAPHY TO EVALUATE EFFECTS OF KEPONE AND SODIUM
PENTACHLORQPHENATE ON FEEDING ACTIVITY OF THE LUGWDRM, ARENICOLA
CRISTATA. RADIO-LABELED METHYL PARATHION WAS USED TO DEMONSTRATE FATE
AND EFFECT IN MICROCOSMS INHABITED BY LUGWQRMS. UPTAKE AND DEPURATION
OF CHRYSENE BY LUGWORMS WAS EVALUATED IN A FLOW-THROUGH SYSTEM. A
TOXIC SEDIMENT BIQASSAY SYSTEM WAS DEVELOPED TO PROVIDE A MEANS TO
TEST EFFECTS OF DREDGE SPOIL. THE SYSTEM INCLUDED MICROCOSMS THAT HELD
MYSIO SHRIMP, MYSIDOPSIS BAHIA; OYSTERS, CRASSDSTREA VIRGINICA? AND
LUGWORMS, ARENICOLA CRISTATA. CRITERIA OF EFFECT ' WERE SURVIVAL OF
MYSIDS, SHELL DEPOSITION AND BIOACCUMULATIQN BY OYSTERS, SUBSTRATE
REWORKING AND BIOACCUMULATIQN 3Y LUGWORMS, AND SETTLEMENT OF
ZOOPLANKTON. KEPONE-SORB£.D SEDIMENT AND DREDGE SPOIL FROM JAMES RIVER
AND HOUSTON SHIP CANAL WERE TESTED FOR 28 DAYS, LONG-TERM TESTS (100
DAYS), WITH THE SAME SYSTEMS, WcRE USED TO EVALUATE EFFECTS OF A
SPECIFIC-DRILLING MUD FROM AN ACTIVE EXPLORATORY PLATFORM.
PREDATOR-PREY TESTS OF SUSLETHAL EFFECTS OF XENQBIOTICS DEMONSTRATED
EFFECT IN QNS-PREY AND TWO-PREY SYSTEMS. THE EFFECTS OF METHYL
PARATION ON PREDATOR-PREY RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN GRASS SHRIMP,
PALAEMDNETES PUGIO? JUVENILE SHEEPHEAD MINNOWS, CYPRINODON VARIEGATUS?
AND GULF KILLIFISH, FUNDULUS GRANDIS, WERE DEMONSTRATED. THE EFFECTS
OF METHYL PARATHION ON THE PREDATOR PREY RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN
PALAEMONETES PUGID, AND PINFISH, LAGQDQN RHOM03IODES, WAS ALSO
DEMONSTRATED. A METHOD THAT COULD Be USED TO EVALUATE EFFECTS
XENQBIQTICS ON PREDATOR-PREY RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CRYPTICALLY SHADED
FLOUNDER AND PINFISH PREY WAS DEVELOPED, EVALUATION OF SU8LETHAL
EFFECTS, SUCH AS AVOIDANCE OF- POLLUTION GRADIENTS, WAS STUDIED IN A
TROUGH-TYPE AVOIOANCE-REPSONSE SYSTEM. THE SYSTEM RECORDED REPSONSES
AUTOMATICALLY AND INDEPENDENTLY OF AN OBSERVER. TESTS WITH PINFISH
DEMONSTRATED THAT THEY WILL AVOID CHLORINE-PRODUCED OXIDANTS, THE
SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED TO DEMONSTRATED TOXICANT-INDUCED CHANGES IN CYCLIC
BURROWING ACTIVITY BY PINK SHRIMP, PENAEUS DUDRARUM, EXPOSED TO METHYL
PARATHION. USEFULNESS OF SMALL-SCALE MICROCOSMS WAS EVALUATED BY
DEVELOPING METHODS TO CULTURE POLYCHAETES AND CRUSTACEANS. VARIOUS
ASPECTS OF THE BIOLOGY OF SELECTED SPECIES WERE STUDIED.
PAGE 16
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DAVIS, W.M-, AND O.C. WHITE. 1980. FLUOSOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF ADENOSINE
NUCLEOTIDE DERIVATIVES AS MEASURES OF THE MICROfOULINGt DSTRITAL AND
'SEDIMENTARY MICROBIAL 8IDMASS. AND PHYSIQLQGICflL STATUS. APPU ENVIRON.
MICROBIOL. 40C3):539-548. (ERL,GB X186*).
ADENOSINE, ADENINE, CYCLIC AOENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE CAM?), AMP,
NICOTINAMIO ADENINc DINUCLEOTIDE, ADENOSINE OIPHOSPHATE, AND AOENOSINE
TRIPHQSPHATE CATP) WERE RECOVERED QUANTITATIVELY -FROM .AQUEOUS PORTIONS
OF LIPID EXTRACTS OF MICROFDULING, OETRITAL, AND SEDIMENTARY MICROSIAL
COMMUNITIES. THESE COULD 3E DcTECTEO QUANTITATIVELY IN THE PICOMOLAR
RANGE BY FORMING THEIR 1-N&-ETHENQ DERIVATIVES AND ANALYZING 3Y
HIGH-PRESSURE LIPID CHROMATOGSAPHY WITH FLOURESCENT'DETECTION.' LIPID
EXTRACTION AND SUBSEQUENT ANALYSIS ALLOWED THE SIMULTANEOUS '
MEASUREMENT OF THE MICR03IAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE, TOTAL MICR08IAL
8IOMASS WITH THE QUANTITATIVE RECOVERY OF THE ADENINE-CQNTAINING
CELLULAR COMPONETS, WHICH WERE PROTECTED FROM ENZYMATIC DESTRUCTION.
THIS EXTRACTION AND FLOURESCENT OERIVATIZATION METHOD SHOWED
EQUIVALENCY .WITH THE LUCIFERIN-LUCIFERASE METHOD FOR BACTERIAL ATP
MEASUREMENTS. QUICK-FREEZING SAMPLES IN THE FIELD WITH DRY ICE-ACETONE
PRESERVED THE ATP AND ENERGY CHARGE CA RATIO OF ADENOSINE NUCLEOTIOES)
FOR ANALYSIS AT REMOTE LABORATORIES. THE METABOLIC LABILITY OF ATP IN
ESTUARINE OETRITAL AND MICRQFDULING COMMUNITIES, A5 WELL AS BACTERIAL
MONOCULTURES OF* CONSTANT BIOMASS, SHOWED ATP TO BE A PRECARIOUS
MEASURE OF BIOMASS UNDER SOME CONDITIONS. COMBINATIONS OF AOENOSINE
AND AOENINE NUCLEO-TIDES GAVE BETTER CORRELATIONS WITH "MICROBIAL
3IOMASS MEASURED AS EXTRACTA8LE LIPID PHOSPHATE IN THE DETRITAL AND •
MICROFQULING MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES THAN DID ATP ALONE. STRESSES SUCH
AS ANOXIA OF FILTERATION ARE REFLECTED IN THE RAPID ACCUMULATION OF
INTRACELLULAR AOENOSINE AND THE EXCRETION OF ADENOSINE AND AMP INTO
THE SURROUNDING MILIEU. INCREASES IN AMP AMD ADENOSINE MAY PROVE'TO 8E
MORE SENSITIVE INDICATORS OF METABOLIC STATUS THAN THE ENERGY CHARGE.
DERBY, CHARLES 0., AND JELLE ATcMA. 1981. INFLUENCE OF DRILLING MUDS ON THE
PRIMARY CHEMOSENSORY NEURONS IN WALKING LEGS OF THE LOBSTER, HQMARUS
AMERICANUS. CAN. J. FISH. AQUATIC SCI. 38C3)t268-274. CERL,GB X24l*>.
AVAIL. FROM NTIS, SPRINGFIELD, VA: PB82-128190.
THE EFFECTS OF WHOLE DRILLING MUDS ON THE NORMAL ACTIVITY Or WALKING
LEG CHEMOSENSORY NEURONS WERE EXAMINED USING EXTRACELLULAR
NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL RECORDING TECHNIQUES. EXPOSURE OF LEGS FOR 3-5 MIN
TO 10-MG/L DRILLING MUD SUSPENDED IN SEAMATER ALTERED RESPONSES TO
FOOD ODORS OF 29% OF THE CHEMDSECEPTORS EXAMINED (DATA POLLED FOR THE
TWO DRILLING MUDS TESTED); SIMILAR EXPOSURE TO 100-MG/L DRILLING MUD
RESULTED IN INTERFERENCE WITH 445g OF ALL RECEPTORS STUDIES. THE
EFFECTS OF BOTH OF THESE CONCENTRATIONS ARE STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT,
ALTHOUGH THEY ARE NOT DIFFERENT FROM £ACH OTHER. INTERFERENCE WAS
USUALLY MANIFESTED AS A MARKED REDUCTION IN THE NUMBER OF ACTION
POTENTIALS IN A RESPONSE. IN ONE PREPARATION, THE EXPOSURE TO DRILLING
MUD CAUSED A CHANGE IN THE TEMPORAL PATTERN OF THE SPIKES WITHOUT
AFFECTING THE TOTAL NUMBER OF SPIKES, OTHER CHEMOSENSORY NEURONS WERE
EXCITED BY 10-MG/L DRILLING MUD ITSELF. HOWEVER, NOT ALL
CHEMORECEPTORS ARE AFFECTED 3Y THESE DRILLING MUDS SINCE RESPONSES TO
FEEDING STIMULI WE3E RECORDED FROM THE LEGS OF LOBSTERS THAT HAD BEEN
EXPOSES TO DRILLING MUD FOR 4-8 D BEFORE THE NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL
EXPERIMENTS.
PAGE 17
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DERBY, CHARLES 0., AND JELLE ATEMA. 1982. NARROW-SPECTRUM CHEMORECEPTOR
CELLS IN THE WALKING LEGS Or THE L03STER HOMARUS AMERICANUS: . TASTE
SPECIALIST. J. CDMP. PHYSIOL, A SENS. NEURAL. BEHAV. PHYSIOL.
146(2):181-189. CERL,G3 X341*),
THE PRESENT STUDY DESCRIBES THE SPECIFICITY OF CHSMORECEPTORS IN THE
WALKING LEGS OF THE LOBSTER HOMARUS AMERICANUS. THE RESULTS INDICATE
THAT THE PERIPHERAL CODING SYSTEM OF THIS SPECIES IS BASED AT LEAST IN
PART ON NARROWLY-TUNEO CHEMORECEPTOR CELLS, WHICH REPRESENTS ONE OF
THE MOST EXTREME CASES TO DATE OF A CHEMOSENSORY SYSTEM BASED ON
LABELED LINE CODING. THE CHEMQRECEPTQRS IN THE LEGS OF L03STERS
FUNCTION IN THE LOCALIZATION AND HANDLING OF FOOD (DERBY AND ATEMA
19828). MULTI-UNIT NcUROPHYSICLOGlCAL ANALYSIS FO THES5 RECEPTORS HAS
DEMONSTRATED THAT CERTAIN AMINO ACIDS AND AMINES ARE HIGHLY EXCITATORY
STIMULI,.SOME PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS ARE MODEREEERATELY EXCITATORY,
WHEREAS CARBOHYDRATES* ALCOHOLS, NUCL50SIOES, AND NUCLEOTIDES ARE IN
GENERAL ONLY SLIGHTLY EXCITATORY CDERBY AND ATEMA 1932A). BY
SINGLE-UNIT EXRTRACELLULAR RECORDING TECHNIQUES, THE SPECIFICTY OF
SINGLE PRIMARY CHEMORECEPTORS CELLS IS DSESCRIBEO HERE IN DETAIL.
DODGE, RICHARD £., AND ALINA SZMANT-FROELICH. IN PRESS. EFFECTS OF DRILLING
FLUIDS ON REEF CORALS: A REVIEW. IN: WASTES IN THE OCEAN, VOLUME IV:
ENERGY • WASTES IN THE OCEAN. I.W. DUEDALL, EDITOR, JOHN WILEY £ SONS, INC.,
NEW YORK, NY. CERL,GB 480).
THIS CHAPTER REVIEWS RESEARCH ON THE EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUD'ON CORAL
REEF COMMUNITIES, CONCENTRATION ON THE MAJOR REEF FAUNS: THE
REEF-BUILDING OR HERMATYPIC CORALS. DRILLING MUD IS AN EFFLUENT
INTRODUCED TO THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT IN LARGE QUANTITES DURING A
TYPICAL OFFSHORE DRILLING OPERATION. CONCERN OVER ITS POSSIBLE
DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS, WHEN DRILLING ACTIVITIES ARE NEAR CORAL REEFS,
HAS BEEN THE IMPETUS FOR THE WORK TO BE DISCUSSED. THE TOPIC IS OF
RECENT ORIGIN; UNTIL 1977, THERE WERE NO LITERATURE REPORTS OF
DRILLING MUD .- CORAL STUDIES. .
DODGE, R.E. 1982. EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUD ON THE" REEF-BUILDING CORAL
MONTASTREA ANNULARIS. MAR. BIOL. 71C2):141-147.
-------
DODGE, .RICHARD E. 1982. GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF REEF-BUILDING CORALS
WITHIN AND EXTERNAL TO A NAVAL ORDINANCE RANGE: VIEQUES, PUERTO RICO. IN:
R££F AND MAN: PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CORAL REEF SYMPOSIUM,
MANILA, PHILIPPINES, 18-22, MAYi 1981. EDGAROO D. GOMEZ, ET AL.t EDITOR,
MARINE SCIENCE CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES, QUEZON CITY,
PHILIPPINES. PP. 241-248. C£RL,GB X424*).
THE SKELETAL GROWTH OF REEF-BUILDING CORALS IS KNOWN TO BE SENSITIVE
TO THE ENVJRONMEMT. IN PARTICULAR, HIGH LEVELS OF SEDIMENTAION AND
TURBIDITY LEAD TO DECREASED GROWTH RATE, SUPPRESSED GROWTH VARIATION,
AND ULTIMATELY, CORAL DEATH BECAUSE OF REDUCED ILLUMINATION NECESSARY
TO ZOOXANTHELLAE AND/OR INCREASED ENERGY EXPENDITURE 3Y THE CORAL
ANIMAL TO REMOVE IMPACTED SEDIMENTS. TO ASSESS THE EFFECT OF NAVAL
ORDINANCE RANGE USAGE AT VIEQUES, PUERTO RICO, SPECIMENS OF MONTASTREA
ANNUALRIS WERE COLLECTED FROM REEFS ADJACENT TO AND REMOVED FROM THE
RANGE AREA. GROWTH WAS MEASURED FROM ANNUAL INCREASMENTS REVEALED 3Y
X-SADIOGRAPHY OF MEDIAL SLABS OF THE CORAL SKELETONS. MEAN GROWTH
RATES AND GROWTH VARIANCES WERE CALCULATED FOR EACH STATION OR STATION
GROUPING OVER THE COMMON TIME PERIOD 1970-1977. STATISTICAL COMPARISON
OF THE GROWTH DATA REVEALS A GENERAL SIMILARITY BETWEEN RANGE AND
CONTROL .STATIONS. THIS EVIDENCE COUPLED WITH QUANTITATIVE CORAL
ABUNDANCE AND OIVcRSTIY DATA OF OTHERS INDICATE A LACK OF ANOMALOUS
AND ADVERSE. SEDIMENTATION/TURBIDITY CONDITIONS AFFECTING CORALS ON
REEFS NEAR3Y THE RANGE AREA. CHRONOLGISS OF CORAL BAND WIDTHS COMPARED
TO HISTORICAL RECORDED ENVIRONMENTAL DATA INDICATES THAT A MAJOR
NATURAL PARAMETER WHICH CONTROLS CORAL GROWTH IN VIEQUES IS ANNUAL
WATER TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS.
DODGE, RICHARD E., AND JUDITH C. LANG. 1933. ENVIRONMENTAL CORRELATES OF
HSRMATYPIC CORAL (MQNTASTREA ANNULARIS) GROWTH ON THE EAST FLOWER GARDENS
BANK, NORTHWEST GULF OF MEXICO. LIMNOL. OCEANOGR. 23C2):228-240. CERL,GB
X378*).
TIME SERIES Or ANNUAL LINEAR GROWTH INCREASMENTS FROM 12 MONTASTREA
ANNULARIS CE. AND SO HERMATYPIC CORALS COLLECTED AT THE EAST FLOWER
GARDENS BANK REEr IN THE NORTHWESTERN GULF OF MEXICO HAVE A COMMON
PATTERN.'THIS IS BEST EXPRESSED IN AN INDEX MASTER CHRONOLOGY CAVERAGE
BY YEAR. OF THE ANNUAL PERCENTAGE.DEVIATIONS FROM THE MEAN OF EACH
CORAL). COMPARISONS WITH TIME SERIES OF ENVIRONMENTAL DATA INDICATE
THAT CORAL. EXTENSION RATES VARY POSITIVELY WITH SEASONAL (FEBRUARY
THROUGH MAY - 4 MONTHS) SURFACE WATER TEMPERATURE AND NEGATIVELY WITH
ANNUAL .DISCHARGE OF THE ATCHAFALAYA RIVER. WE PROPOSE THE SECULAR
VARIATIONS OF WATER TEMPERATURE AND OTHER PARAMETERS ARE THE MAJOR
LONG-TERM CONTROLS OF CORAL GROWTH IN THE AREA. OUR DATA DO NOT
SUPPORT THE VIEW THAT SINKING OF THE FLOWcR GARDENS REEF, CAUSED BY
CATASTROPHIC COLLAPSE OF THE UNDERLYING SUBSTRATE, HAS 3£EN A PRIME
INFLUENCE ON THE.CORALS.
PAGE 19
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DQUGHTIE, DANIEL G.t AND K. RANGA RAQ. 1978. ULTRASTRUCTUSAL CHANGES
INDUCED BY' SODIUM PENTACHLORQPHENATE IN THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO,
IN RELATION TO THE MOLT CYCLE. IN: PEMTACHLORQPHENOL: CHEMISTRY,:
PHARMACOLOGY, AND -ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY. K. RANGA RAQ, EDITOR, PLENUM
PRESS, NEW YORK, NY. PP. 213-250. (ERL.GB X060*>.
INTERMOLT (STAGE C) GRASS SHRIMP WERE EXPOSED TO 1.0 PPM NA-PCP FOR
THE DURATION OF A MOLT CYCLE. GILLS, HEPATCPANCREAS, MIDGUT' CPORTION
OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT SURROUNDED BY HEPATOPANCREAS) AND HINDGUT
CPORTION OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT IN THE ABDOMEN) FROM CONTROL AND
EXPERIMENTAL SHRIM? AT KNOWN.STAGES OF THE MOLT CYCLE WERE EXAMINED AT
THE ULTRASTRUCTURAL LEVEL. ALTHOUGH SIGNS OF PATHOLOGY WERE EVIDENT IN
LATE- PROECDYSIAL SHRIMP, EXTENSIVE PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES WERE NOT
OBSERVED UNTIL AFTER ECDYSIS. THE EXTENT OF PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES
VARIED WITH THE TISSUE EXAMINED AND THE INTERVAL BETWEEN ECDYSIS AND
THE TIME OF FIXATION FOR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY, THE FOLLOWING
ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES WERE SEEN IN THE GILL EPITHELIUM OF SHRIMP
EXPOSED TO NA-PCP: FORMATION OF FLUID FILLED INVAGINATION OF THE
INTERMICROVILLAR APICAL MEMBRANE, INCREASE IN LYSOSOMAL ACTIVITY AND
EVENTUAL CYTOPLASMIC AND NUCLEAR DEGENERATION. THE PODOCYTES IN THE
GILL AXIS, THE GRANULAR SECRETORY CELLS ANO THE TEGUMENTAL GLAND CELLS
ALSO EXHIBITED MITOCHQNDRIAL SWELLING, NUCLEAR PYKNOSIS AND EVENTUAL
CYTOPLASMIC DEGENERATION. THE CELLS LINING THE LUMEN OF THE MIDGUT AND
HINDGUT OF SHRIMP EXPOSED TO NA-PCP EXHIBITED SWELLING OF THE APICAL
MEMBRANE OFTEN ACCOMPANIED BY RUPTURE, LOSS OF MICROVILLI FROM APICAL
FOCI AND INCREASED LYSOSOMAL ACTIVITY. PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES NOTED IN
THE HEPATOPANCREATIC CELLS OF THE EXPERIMENTAL SHRIMP WEREs HIGH
AMPLITUDE SWELLING OF MITOCHONDRIA INCLUDING VESICULATION OF CRISTAE,
PRESENCE. OF MYELIN BODIES WITHIN MITOCHONDRIA AND ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC
RETICULUM, INCREASE OF AUTOPHAGIC ACTIVITY AND LOSS OF MICROVILLI.
DOUGHTIc, D.G., AND K, RANGA RAO. 1979. COMPARATIVE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THREE
TYPES OF TEGUMENTAL GLANDS IN THE GILLS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES
PUGIO (ABSTRACT). AM. IDOL. 19C3):890. CERL.GB X236S).
A UNICELLULAR GLAND AND TWO TYPES OF MULTICELLULAR ROSETTE TEGUMENTAL
GLANDS OCCUR IN THE GILL AXIS OF PALAEMONETES. IN ON= TYPE OF ROSETTE
GLAND, THE SECRETORY CELLS HAVE A DEEPLY INFOLDED BASAL PLASMALEMMA
AND NUMEROUS MITOCHONDRIA; .THIS GLAND APPEARS TO BE INNERVATED. IN THE
OTHER TYPE OF ROSETTE GLAN3, THE SECRETORY CELLS HAVE A RELATIVELY
SMOOTH BASAL PLASMALEMMA AND FEW MITOCHONDRIA; BUT THEY POSSESS
EXTENSIVE RES AND MANY GOLGI BODIES. ACCESSORY CELLS, THE HILLOCK AND-
CANAL CELLS, OCCUR IN ASSOCIATION WITH BOTH TYPES OF ROSETTE GLANDS,
THE ROSETTE GLANDS AND THE UNICELLULAR GLANDS ARE eXDCSINEj THE
SECRETIONS BEING TRANSPORTED THROUGH CUTICULARIZED DUCTULES. THE
HILLOCK AND CANAL CELLS FORM THE FIBROUS BASAL REGION AND EPICUTICULAR
APICAL REGION OF THE DUCTULE, RESPECTIVELY. TRANSITORY CILIARY
STRUCTURES ASSOCIATED WITH OUCTULE REFORMATION ARE SEEN IN THE
UNICELLULAR GLANDS AND THE DEVELOPING ROSETTE GLANDS, BUT NOT IN 'THE
FULLY DEVELOPED ROSETTE GLANDS.
PAGE 20
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DOUGHTIE, DANIEL G., AND K. RANGA RAO. 1979. ULTRASTRUCTURE OF AN EXOCRINE
DERMAL GLAND IN.THE GILLS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMQNcTES PUGIO: OCCURRENCE
OF TRANSITORY CILIARY AXONEMES ASSOCIATED WITH THE SLOUGHING AND REFORMATION
OF THE DUCTULE. J. MORPHOL. 161C3):231-307. CERL,GB X150).
EXOCRINE DERMAL GLANDS, COMPARABLE TO THE CLASS 3 GLANDULAR UNITS OF
INSECTSt ARE FOUND IN TH£ GILLS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES
PUGID. THE DERMAL GLANDS ARE COMPOSED OF THREE CELLS: SECRETORY CELL,
HILLOCK CELL AND CANAL CELL. ORIGINATING AS A COMPLEX INVAGINATION OF
THS APICAL CYTOPLASM OF THE GRANULAR SECRETORY CELL, A DUCT ASCENDS
THROUGH THE HILLOCK AND CANAL CELLS TO THE CUTICULAR SURFACE. THE DUCT
IS DIVISA3LE INTO FOUR REGIONS: THE SECRETORY APPARATUS IN THE
GRANULAR SECRETORY CELL, THE LOCULAR COMPLEX, THE HILLOCK REGION
WITHIN THE HILLOCK CELL AND THE CANAL WITHIN THE CANAL CELL. A TUBULAR
DUCTULS IS CONTAINED WITHIN THE LATTER TWO REGIONS. AS THE OUCTULE
ASCENDS TO THE CUTICULAR SURFACE, ITS CONSTITUTION GRADUALLY CHANGES
FROM ONE OF A FIBROUS MATERIAL TO ONE WHICH POSSESSES LAYERS OF
EPICUTICLE. DURING THE PROECDYSIAL PERIOD, THE DUCTULE IS EXTRUDED
INTO THE ECDYSIAL SPACE AND THIS IS FOLLOWED BY THE SECRETION OF A NEW
DUCTULE. CHARACTERIZED ONLY BY A 3ASAL SODY AND" ROOTLETS THROUGHOUT
MOST OF THE INTERMOLT CYCLE, THE CILIARY QRGANELLtS GIVE RISE TO
TEMPORARY AXQNEMIC PROCESSES WHICH ASCEND THROUGH THE DUCTULE TOWARD
THE tCDYSIAL SPACE AT THE ONSET OF PROECDYSIS. SUSEQUtNTLY, THE OLD
OUCTULE IS SLOUGHED OFF AND A NEW DUCTULE IS REFORMED AROUND THE
CILIARY AXONEMES. FOLLOWING THIS REFORMATION, THE CILIARY AXENEMcS
DEGENERATE, THE FUNCTION OF CYTOPLASMIC PROCESSES, DERIVED FROM THE
APICAL CYTOPLASM Or THE SECRSTQRY CELL, IS ALSO DISCUSSED.
DOUGHTIE, D.G., AND K.R. RAO. 1981. CILIARY STRUCTURES IN THE BRANCHIAL
UNICELLULAR GLANDS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO. EXPERIENTIA
C8ASEL>. 37<5>:502-503. (ERL.GB X423*)*
A UNICELLULAR EXOCRINE GLAND POSSESSING AN EPICUTICLAR DUCTULE OCCURS
IN GRASS SHRIMP GILLS. THIS GLAND DISPLAYS ULTRA STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN
RELATION TO THE MOLT CYCLE. THESE CHANGES INCLUDE AN INCREASE IN THE.
QUANTITY OF SECRETORY GRANULES DURING LATE PREMQLT, AND THE
DEVELOPMENT OF CILIARY AXONEMES IN RELATION TO DUCTULE FORMATION.
PAGE 21
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DOUGHTIE, DANIEL G.f AND K. RANGA SAO. 1931. SYNCYTIAL NATURE AND
PHAGOCYTIC ACTIVITY OF THE BRANCHIAL POOOCYTES IN THE GRASS SHRIMP,
PALAEMONETES PUGIO. TISSUE L CELL. 13C1):93-104. CSRL.G3 X234#),
THE MORPHOLOGY Or THE BRANCHIAL POOOCYTES IN THE GRASS SHRIMP,
PALAEMONETES PUGIQ, WAS INVESTIGATED IN RELATION TO THE MOLT -CYCLE.
THE POOOCYTSS ARE LOCATED IN TH£ EFFERENT H6MOLYHPH CHANNELS IN THE
GILL AXIS, AND" POSSESS A SPECIALIZED PLASMALEMMA CONSISTING OF
INTERDIGITATION PEDICEL PROCESSES WHICH ARE .BRIDGED BY THIN
DIAPHRAGMS. THE TOPOGRAPHY OF THE PLASMALEMMAL SURFACE SUGGESTS THAT
THESE CELLS* LIKE SIMILAR CELLS IN OTHER ARTHROPODS, FUNCTION IN THE
ULTRAFILTRATION OF MICRO- AND MACRO- MOLECULAR SUBSTANCES FROM THE
HEMOLYMPH, ADDITIONALLY, THE BRANCHIAL PODOCYTES EXHIBIT PHAGOCYTIC
ACTIVITY. THIS ACTIVITY, THOUGH EVIDENT DURING THE PREMOLT PERIOD, IS
MOST PROMINENT DURING THE EARLY POSTMOLT PERIOD. AMONG THg CELL TYPES
SUBJECTED TO PHAGOCYTOSIS 3Y PODOCYTES ARE THE SECRETORY CELLS OF THE
TRICELLULAR AND ROSETTE-TYPE DERMAL GLANDS AND THE EPITHELIAL CELLS OF
THE GILL AXIS. DURING THE LATE PREMOLT AND EARLY PQSTMOLT PERIODS, THE
PODOCYTES OFTEN APPEAR AS SYNCYTIA, CONTAINING AS MANY AS FOUR NUCLEI,
THE EXACT INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN PHAGOCYTOSIS ANO SYNCYTIAL
FORMATION REMAIN TO BE ASCERTAINED. THESE ASPECTS AND THE" POSSIBLE
AMBULATORY ABILITIES OF THE BRANCHIAL POOOCYTES ARE DISCUSSED.
DOUGHTIc, DANIEL G., ANO K. RANGA RAO. 1982. ROSETTE GLANDS IN THE GILLS OF
THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO. I, COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY, CYCLICAL
ACTIVITY, AND INNERVATION. J. MORPHOL. 171Cl):41-67. CERL.GB X238*>.
AVAIL. FROM NTIS, SPRINGFIELD, VA: P382-207846,
TWO TYPES OF EXQCRINE ROSETTE GLANDS CCALLED TYPE A ANO TYPE 8),
LOCATED IN THE GILL AXES OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMQNETES PUGIO, ARE
DESCRIBED. THE TYPE A GLANDS ARE EMBEDDED WITHIN THE LONGITUDINAL
MEDIAN SEPTUM OF THE GILL AXES, WHEREAS THE TYPE 3 GLANDS TYPICALLY
PROJECT -INTO THE EFFERENT HEMOLYMPH CHANNELS OF THE GILL AXES-
ALTHOUGH BOTH GLANDS HAVE CERTAIN CG.MMQN CHARACTERISTICS CI.E., A
VARIABLE NUMBER OF RADIALLY ARRANGED SECRETORY CELLS, A CENTRAL
INTERCALARY CELL, ANO A CANAL C£LL THAT FORMS THE CUTICULAR DUCTULE
LEADING TO THE BRANCHIAL SURFACE), THEY DIFFER IN THE FOLLOWING
RESPECTS. THE TYPE B GLAND IS INNERVATED, 3UT THE TYPE A GLAND IS NOT?
AXONAL PROCESSES, CONTAINING BOTH GLANDULAR CCA. 900-1300 A> AND
AGRANULAR CCA. 450-640 A) VESICLES, OCCUR AT A JUNCTURE BETWEEN
ADJACENT SECRETORY CELLS AND THE CENTRAL CELL OF THE TYPE 3 GLAND. THE
SECRETORY CELLS OF TYPE A AND TYPE 8 GLANDS DIFFER IN THEIR SYNTHETIC
POTENTIAL AND MEMBRANE SPECIALIZATIONS. THESS DIFFERENCES ARE MORE
PRONOUNCED IN WELL-DEVELOPED, MATURE GLANDS, MOST FREQUENTLY
ENCOUNTERED IN LARGER C24-28 MM, TOTAL LENGTH) GRASS SHRIMP, THAN IN
THE UNDERDEVELOPED, IMMATURE GLANDS THAT ARE MOST ABUNDANT IN SMALLER
C14-18 MM, TOTAL LENGTH) GRASS SHRIMP, THUS, IN MATURE GLANDS, THE
SECRETORY CELLS OF THE TYPE A ROSETTE GLANDS ARE CHARACTERIZED BY
EXTENSIVE RER, ABUNDANT GQLGI , AND NUMEROUS SECRETORY GRANULES,
WHEREAS THE SECRETORY CELLS OF THE TYPE B GLAND ARE CHARACTERIZED 3Y
EXTENSIVELY INFOLDED AND INTERDIGITATEO BASAL PLASMALEMMAS AND BY THE
PRESENCE. OF NUMEROUS MITOCHONDRIA. IN GENERAL, 3DTH TYPES OF GLANDS
EXHIBIT INCREASED SECRETORY ACTIVITY SOON AFTER ECDYSIS. THE CENTRAL
AND CANAL CELLS IN BOTH GLANDS SEEM TO HAVE A ROLE IN THE MODIFICATION
OF THE SECRETED MATERIALS. THE POSSIBLE FUNCTIONS ASSIGNED TO THE TYPE
A GLAND: AND THE TYPE B GLAND INCLUDE PHENOL-OXIOASE SECRETION AND
OSMOREGULATIQN, RESPECTIVELY.
PAGE 22
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£2
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woiwoaH3 i33aiG
V *S3I3N3I3I^3G ltfl313>!SGX3 G33n
-------
DOUGHTIEf DANIEL G.f AND K. RANGA RAO. 1983. ULTSASTRUCTURAL AND
HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF DEGENERATIVE CHANGES IN THE ANTeNNAL GLANDS,
HEPATQPANCRtAS, AND MIDGUT OF GRASS SHRIMP EXPOSED TO TWO DITHIOCAR8AMATE
BIOCIOES. J,.INVERTE3R. PATHQL. 41(3):281-299. (ERL.GB X395*).
HISTOLOGICAL AND ULTRAST'RUCTURAL ALTERATIONS OBSERVED IN THE ANTENNAL
GLANDS, HEPATQPANCREAS, AND MIOGUT Or GRASS SHRIMP EXPOSED TO EITHER A
50? POTASSIUM DIMETHYLDITHIOCAR8AMATE 3IOCIOE CBUSAN-85; 5-60 PP3) FOR
14 DAYS, OS TO A DIFFERENT BIOCIDE, COMPOSED OF 15? SOOIUM
DIMETHYLDITHIOCARBAMATE AND 152 SODIUM ETHYLENE 3IODITHIOCAR8AMATE
CAQUATREAT DNM-30), FOR 3-4 DAYS (60-140 PP3) AND 23-35 DAYS "(40-120
PPS), WERE COMPARED AND CONTRASTED WITH THE NORMAL MORPHOLOGICAL
FEATURES IN CONTROL SHRIMP. ONLY THOSE EXPERIMENTAL SHRIMP' THAT
EXHI3.ITED VARIOUS DEGREES OF BRANCHIAL ABNORMALITY WERE EXAMINED,
ALTHOUGH THE ALTERATIONS IN BUSAN-EXPOStD SHRIMP WESE GENERALLY MORE
PRONOUNCED, THE. ANTENNAL GLANDS OF 32 OUT 36 EXPERIMENTAL SHRIMP
EXHIBITED ABNORMALITIES THAT WERE MANIFESTED PRIMARILY AS INCREASED
SECRETORY ACTIVITY BY THE LABYRINTH CELLS.. IN DITHIOCARBAMATE-EXPOSED
SHRIMP WITH "BLACK GILLS," THE LABYRINTH EPITHELIUM EXHIBITED MODERATE
NUCLEAR HYPERTROPHY, APPARENT CELL SLOUGHING, INTENSE SECRETORY
ACTIVITY* AND OCCASIONAL MtLANlZED LESIONS; ALTERATIONS IN THE
ANTEHNAL GLAND COELOMOSAC INCLUDED NUCLEAR PYKNOSIS, A GENERAL
DETERIORATION DF PODOCYTE ORGANIZATION, AND AN UNUSUAL INCREASE IN
HEMOLYMPH DENSITY ADJACENT TO AFFECTED TISSUES. ALTHOUGH THERE WAS AN
APPARENT INCREASE IN MITOTIC ACTIVITY IN THE HEPATOPANCREflTIC TUBULES
, OF SHRIMP EXPOSED TO AQUATRtAT FOR 28-35 DAYS, DEGENERATIVE CHANGES
| WERE MOST FREQUENT ANO EXTENSIVE IN THE HEPATOPANCREAS AND MIDGUT OF
1 OITHIOCARBAMATE-EXPOSED SHRIMP WITH "BLACK GILLS." THESE" OBSERVED
CHANGES INCLUDED THE DIMINUTION OF. THE BASAL MIDGUT AND
HEPATOPANCREATIC FIXED PHAGOCYTES, DEVELOPMENT OF MITOCHONDRIAL
'-. INCLUSIONS ANO MEGAMITOCHONDHIA, LOSS OF CYTOPLA5MIC DENSITY*
r. HEPATOPANCREATIC NUCLEAR PYKNOSIS, AND IRREVERSIBLE DEGENERATION OF
:>VEPATDPANCREATIC TUSLUE APICES. THIS STUDY SUGGESTS THAT SOME OF THE
IT-. OBSERVED ABNORMAL/PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES ARE THE INDIRECT CONSEQUENCE OF
X-SRANCHIAL DEGENERATION. A NUMBER OF POSSIBLE DEFENSIVE REACTIONS TO
,,,_OITHIQCARBAMAT£ POISONING, INCLUDING HETERQSTASIS, PHAGOCYTOSIS,
' .'.ENCAPSULATION, AND THE POSSIBLE PARTICIPATION Or RESERVE INCLUSION
:>; CELLS ARE PROPOSED,
PAGE 24
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DQUGHTIEf DANIEL G.t AND K. RANGA RAO. 1983, ULTRASTRUCTURAL AND
HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF DEGENERATIVE CHANGES LEADING TO BLACK GILLS IN .GRASS
SHRIMP EXPOSED TO A DITHIOCARBAMATE BIOClDE. J, INVERTEBR. PATHQL.
41(15:33-50. (ERL,G3 X384#).
PATHOLOGIC "MILKY" AND BROWN-BLACK GILLS OF GRASS SHRIMP, PALASMONSTES
PUGIO, EXPOSED TO LOW LEVELS C5 TO 60 PPB) OF A 50?
POTASSIUM-DIMETHYLOITHIQCARBAMATE 8IOCIDE (3USAN-85) FOR 14 DAYS WERE
STUDIED USING LIGHT AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPY. IN SHRIMP EXPOSED TO 5
PP3 BUSAN-85, ,4 GRADATION OF DEGENERATIVE CHANGES COULD 3E ASCERTAINED
BOTH WITHIN THE GILLS OF INDIVIDUAL SHRIMP AND AMONG THE GILLS OF
DIFFERENT SHRIMP. PRIMARY DEGENERATIVE CHANGES, FIRST EVIDENT IN THE
APICAL EPITHELIUM OF THE LAMELLAR PLATES, INCLUDED: SWOLLEN
MITOCHONDRIA, DILATED ROUGH ENDQPLASMIC RETICULUM, THE APPEARANCE OF A
DENSE GRAINY MATERIAL WITHIN THE SU8CUTICULAR SPACES AND OF
.PARACRYSTALLINE ELE-MENTS WITHIN THE EPITHELIAL CYTOPLASM, THE
FORMATION Or AUTOPHAGOSOMES, AND A LOSS OF MEMBRANE CONTINUITY.
GRANULAR HEMDCYTES MIGRATED INTO THE SUBCULTULAR SPACES AND APPEARED
TO PHA50CYTOSE THE GRAINY MATERIAL, WHILE OTHER HEMQCYTES PHAGOCYTOSED
AND ENCAPSULATED THE PATHOLOGICAL EPITHELIUM. LATER, THE LAMELLAR TIPS
BECAME CONGESTED WITH NUMEROUS INTEROIGITATING HEMOCYTES WHICH FORMED
A "PLUG". A NEW EPITHELIUM, DERIVED PARTLY FROM MITOSIS 'OF BASAL
LAMELLAR TISSUES, DEVELOPED SUBJACENT TO THE PLUG AND CONTRIBUTED TO
THE FORMAION OF AN ABNORMAL AND SOMETIMES PERFORATED CUTICLE DURING'
PREMOLT.. AT ECDYSIS, THE HEMDCYTE PLUGS IN THE APICAL REGION 'OF THE
LAMELLA WERE SLOUGHED RESULTING IN MARKEDLY TRUNCATED AND SWOLLEN
LAMELLAE. THIS PROCESS OF PATHOLOGICAL LAMELLAR REDUCTION APPEARS TO
BE AN IMPORTANT DEFENSE MECHANISM IN RESPONSE TO BRANCHIAL TRAUMA
CAUSED BY EXPOSURE TO ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS-
PAGE 25
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DOUGHTIct DANIEL G. , AND K. RANGA RAO, 1984. HISTDPATHOLOGICAL AND
ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE ANTENNAL GLAND, MIDGUT» HEPATOPANCREASt AND
GILL OF GRASS SHRIMP FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM. J,
INVERTEBR. PATHQL. 43U):89-108. CERL,GB X4Q01O.
GRASS 'SHRIMP, PALAEMONETtS PUGIO, WERE EXPOSED FOR ONE MONTH TO
SUBACUTE CONCENTRATIONS OF HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM (0,5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0
PPM) AFTER WHICH THc GILLS, MIOGUT, HEPATOPANCREAS, AND ANTENNAL
GLANDS WERE EXAMINED FDR HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL
CHANGES. PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES WERE GREATEST IN THE ANTENNAL GLANDS,
FOLLOWED BY HEPATOPANCREAS, GILLS, AND MIOGUT. SEVERE CHANGES OCCURRED
IN SOME SHRIMP, EVEN AT 0,5 PPM CHROMIUM. CELLS OF ALL TISSUES
FREQUENTLY HAD SOTH SWOLLEN MITOCHONDRIA AND ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC
ETICULUM. SMALL, SPHERICAL OR RING-LIKE INTRANUCLEAR INCLUSIONS,
POSSIBLE INDICATIVE OF CELLULAR HYPERACTIVITY OR MANIFESTIQNS OF
CHROMIUM AND/OR PROTcIN COMPLEXES, WERE MOST PREVALENT IN THE
HEPATOPANCREAS AND ANTENNAL GLANDS BUT ALSO OCCURRED IN THE MIDGUT AND
GILLS. OTHER MAJOR DEGENERATIVE CHANGES IN THE ANTENNAL GLANDS WERE
RESTRICTED TO THE LABYRINTH AND INCLUDED DIMINUTION OF BASAL
PLASMALEMMAL INFQLDINGS AND CYTOPLASM.IC DENSITY* NUCLEAR HYPERTROPHY
FOLLOWED 3Y WIDESPREAD NUCLEAR PYKNOSIS AND EPITHELIAL DeSQUAMATION.
IN SEVERELY ALTERED HEPATOPANCREAS HYPERTROPHY WAS INDICATED FOR THE
BASAL LAMINAE, NUCLEI, POSSIBLE FOR THE NJCLEQLI, THERE WAS AN
APPARENT REDUCTION IN MITOTIC EVENTS AND MANY OBSERVED MITOTIC NUCLEI
WERE ABNORMAL. ABNORMAL MIDGUT HYPERTROPHY WAS PRESENT IN ONLY EIGHT
OF TWENTY EXAMINED SHRIMP, EXPOSED TO 0.5 AND 1,0 PPM CHROMIUM.
FURTHER, THE GILLS OF ONLY 10 OF THE 40 EXAMINED CHROMIUM-EXPOSED
SHRIMP POSSESSED ABNORMAL FEATURES DETECTABLE WITH LIGHT MICROSCOPY,
ULTRASTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF TH£ LATTER INDICATED AN INCREASE IN
LYSOSOMES .AND A DECREASE IN CYTOPLASMIC DENSITY. IN ADDITION, THERE
WAS A PRONOUNCED DIMINUTION IN THE DEGREE OF LAMELLAR, SUBCUTICULAR
PLASMALEMMAL INFOLDING.. THIS L.4TTE2 FEATURE IS POSTULATED TO BE A
x MECHANISM FOR THE REGULATION OF CHROMIUM INFLUX, POSSIBLE EXPLANATIONS
FOR MOST OBSERVED ALTERATIONS IN THE ABOVE TISSUES ARE PROPOSED.
PAGE 26
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DUKEt THOMAS W.» AND PATRICK R. PARRISH. IN PREP. IMPACT OF DRILLING FLUIDS
ON THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT (ABSTRACT). TO B£ PRESENTED AT THE FIFTH
INTERNATIONAL OCEAN' DISPOSAL SYMPOSIUM, SEPT. 10-14, 1984, CORVALLIS, OR.
CERL.GB 507).
DRILLING FLUIDS, ALSO CALLED MUDS, ARE ESSENTIAL TO DRILLING PROCESSES
IN THE EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION OF OIL AND GAS FROM THE U.S. OUTER
CONTINENTAL SHELF COCS). THESE FLUIDS ARE USUALLY- DISCHARGED FROM
DRILLING.PLATFORMS INTO SURROUNDING WATERS OF THE DCS ANO AS SUCH ARE
REGULATED BY THE U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY C£PA) UNDER "THE
NATIONAL POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM (NPDES) PERMIT SYSTEM.
THIS PAPER PRESENTS A SUMMARY OF RESEARCH FINDINGS FROM A PROGRAM
CARRIED OUT BY THE EPA ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY OF GULF
BREEZE, FLORIDA, TO EVALUATE THE POTENTIAL IMPACT OF DRILLING' FLUIDS
ON THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT. THE FINDINGS WERE DEVELOPED THROUGH
COOPERATIVE EFFORTS OF SCIENTISTS FSOM GOVERNMENT, ACAOEMIA, AND
INDUSTRY. RESULTS SHOW THAT DRILLING FLUIDS CAN 3E TOXIC TO MARINE
ORGANISMS AT CERTAIN CONCENTRATIONS AND EXPOSURE REGIMES. FUTHERMORE,
THE FLUIDS CAN ADVERSELY AFFECT BENTHOS THROUGH PHYSICAL 'CONTACT BY
BURYING OR ALTERING SUBSTRATE CONDITIONS.SEVERAL MARINE SPECIES WERE
TESTED, INCLUDING CORALS (MONTASTREA ANNULARIS), LOBSTERS CHOMARUS
AMERICANUS), MYSIDS CMYSIDOPSIS 3AHIA), GRASS SHRIMP CPALAEMONETES
INTERM5DIUS), AND CLAMS (MERCENARY MERCENARIA). SUBLETHAL, AS HELL AS
LETHAL, RESPONSES RESULTED FROM EXPOSURE TO VARIOUS DRILLING FLUIDS.
FOR EXAMPLE, EXPOSURE OF THE LEGS OF LIVE L03STERS TO 10 PARTS PER
MILLION .CPPM) AND 100 PPM FOR 3 TO 5 MINUTES CAUSED DIMINISHED
RESPONSE BY THE LOBSTERS TO FOOD ODORS 3Y 29% AND 44% RESPECTIVELY.
THE CONCENTRATIONS CAUSING 50% MORTALITY CLCSO'S) IN 96 H, FOR LARVAL
LOBSTERS EXPOSED TO FIVE DRILLING FLUIDS, WERE FROM 74 PPM TO 500 PPM,
AND SUBLETHAL EXPOSURES RESULTED IN ALTERATION OF NORMAL GROWTH AND
RESPIRATION RATES. CORALS EXPOSED TO 100 PPM OF USED DRILLING FLUID
DEMONSTRATED SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED CALCIFICATION RATE, RESPIRATION
RATE, AND GROSS PHOTOSYNTHESIS. WHEN MYSIDS, GRASS SHRIMP, AND CLAMS
WERE SUBJECTED SEPARATELY TO^USED FLUIDS, THE 96-H LCSO'S VARIED FROM
25 TO >1,500 PPM. MORTALITY WAS SIGNIFICANTLY CO.05) CORRELATED WITH'
"DIESEL".OIL CONTENT OF THE USED FLUIDS. AN EXPERIMENTAL MACRQ8ENTHIC
COMMUNITY EXPOSED TO.DRILLING FLUIDS EXHIBITED STRUCTURAL
CHARACTERISTICS DIFFERENT FROM CONTROL COMMUNITIES. MODELS' PREDICTING
TH£ ENVIRONMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS OF DRILLING FLUIDS UNDER VARIOUS
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ARE DISCUSSED.
PAGE 27
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DUKE, THOMAS M. IN PRESS. POTENTIAL IMPACT OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON ESTUARINE
PRODUCTIVITY. IN: PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE
UTILIZATION OF COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS: PLANNING* POLLUTION, AND PRODUCTIVITY,
NOV. 22-27, 1982, RIO GRANDE, BRAZIL. CERL,G3 449).
THIS PAPER DISCUSSES THE POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF DRILLING" FLUIDS ON
SEMI-ENCLOSED BODIES OF WATER SUCH AS ESTUARIES. DRILLING FLUIDS HAVE .
BEEN DISCHARGED INTO OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF WATERS FOR MANY YEARS BUT
THERE IS SOME CONCERN OF POTENTIAL ECOLOGICAL IMPACT WHEN DRILLING
FLUID ARE DISCHARGED NEAR CORAL REEFS OR IN BAYS AND ESTUARIES. THE
CONCERN IS BASED ON POTENTIAL ADVERSE EFFECTS OF THE FLUIDS TO CORALS,
SHELLFISH, FISH, GRASS BEDS AND GENERAL PRODUCTIVITY. POTENTIAL
EFFECTS CAN. BE EVALUATED THROUGH A HAZARD ASSESSMENT PROCESS" THAT
INVOLVES EFFECTS AND EXPOSURE MEASUREMENTS. A SUGGESTED HAZARD
ASSESSMENT INVOLVING THc ADAPTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT' APPROACH
CAEA) IS PRESENTED. THE COMPONENTS OF THE ASA APPROACH ARE DESCRIBED
AND EVALUATED. IN DEVELOPING THE HAZARD ASSESSMENT, A REVIEW IS MADE
OF EXISTING EFFECTS DATA. A PRESENTATION IS MADE OF ISSUES OF CONCERN
SUCH AS: RESUSPENSION OF DRILLING FLUIDS IN SHALLOW, WIND-DRIVEN
ESTUARIES, RESTRICTION OF LIGHT PENETRATION TO PRIMARY PRODUCERS 3Y
SUSPENDED SEDIMENTS, CHANGES IN BENTHIC COMMUNITIES AND THEIR
SUBSTRATES, AND DIRECT TOXICITY OF THE FLUIDS TO ORGANISMS.
DUKE, THOMAS W. 1982. SUMMARY OF EPA DRILLING FLUID RESEARCH ACTIVITIES.
IN:. PROCEEDINGS: THIRD ANNUAL GULF OF MEXICO INFORMATION TRANSFER MEETING,
AUGUST 24-26, 1982, NEW ORLEANS, LA. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
MINERALS MANAGMENT SERVICE, NEW ORLEANS, LA. PP. 85-89. CERL,G8 461*).
AVAIL. FROM NTIS, SPRINGFIELD, VA: P383-147769.
DRILLING-FLUID RELATED RESEARCH AT THE U.S. EPA ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
LABORATORY, GULF BREEZE, IS SUMMARIZED. THE PROGRAM IS CONDUCTED
PRIMARILY THROUGH CONTRACTS, GRANTS, AND SOME INHOUSE PROJECTS
DESIGNED TO ASSESS THE POTENTIAL HAZARD TO THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT FROM
FLUIDS DISCHARGED IN OFFSHORE OIL AND GAS DRILLING AND EXPLORATIONS.
DUKE, T.W., P.R. PARRISH, R.M. MONTGOMERY, S.O. MACAULEY, J.M. MACAULEY, AND
G.M. CRIPE. 1984. ACUTE TOXICITY OF EIGHT LABORATORY-PREPARED GENERIC
DRILLING FLUIDS TO MYSIOS CMYSIDOPSIS 8AHIA). EPA-600/3-84-067, U-S
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY,' GULF
BREEZE, FL. HP*
AVAIL. FROM NTIS, SPRINGFIELD, VA: P384-199850.
ACUTE TOXICITY TESTS WERE CONDUCTED DURING AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 1983 WITH
EIGHT LABORATORY-PREPARED GENERIC DRILLING FLUIDS
-------
OUK£, THOMAS W.» ANO PATRICK R. PARRISH. 1984, RESULTS OF THE DRILLING
FLUIDS RESEARCH PROGRAM SPONSORED 3Y THc GULF BREEZE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
LABORATORY! 1976-1984, AND THEIR APPLICATION TO HAZARD ASSESSMENT.
EPA-600/4-84-055, UNITED STATES. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY, GULF BREEZE, FL. 94P.
THE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY, GULF BREEZE, FLORIDA, CARRIED
OUT A RESEARCH PROGRAM FROM 1976-1984 TO EVALUATE THE POTENTIAL IMPACT
OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT. RESEARCH EFFORTS WERE
ACCOMPLISHED MAINLY THROUGH COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS WITH ACADEMIC
INSTITUTIONS AND CONTRACTS WITH PRIVATE LABORATORIES? PROGRAM
DIRECTION AND'TOXICITY TESTING WITH USED AND GENERIC DRILLING FLUIDS
WERE PROVIDED 8Y THE GULF BREEZE LABORATORY. RESULTS OF RESEARCH
ACTIVITIES REPORTED FROM THIS RESEARCH PROGRAM SHOWED THAT DRILLING
FLUIDS ARE TOXIC TO MARINE ANIMALS AT CERTAIN CONCENTRATIONS AND
EXPOSURE. REGIMES. FURTHER, DRILLING FLUIDS CAN ADVERSELY AFFECT
ANIMALS, ESPECIALLY BENTHOS, THRQUGH>HYSICAL CONTACT BY BURYING OR
ALTERING. SUBSTRATE COMPOSITION. THE FLUIDS, OR COMPONENTS OF THE
FLUIDS, ALSO CAN EXERT EFFECTS 3Y DISRUPTING ESSENTIAL PHYSIOLOGICAL
FUNCTIONS OF ORGANISMS. WHILE SOME COMPONENTS CPENTACHLOROPHSNOL, FOR
EXAMPLE) THAT ARE TOXIC ARE NO LONGER PERMITTED FOR FLUIDS - RELEASED ON
THE DCS, RESEARCH INDICATED THAT A "DIESEL" CONTAMINANT IS A TOXIC
COMPONENT OF UScD FLUIDS RECENTLY COLLECTED FROM THE GULF OF MEXICO.
TESTS ALSO SHOWED THAT THE ADDITION OF #2 FUEL OIL (DIESEL) OR MINERAL
OIL .INCREASED THE TOXICITY OF LABORATORY-PREPARED DRILLING FLUIDS.
MODELS DEVELOPED TO PREDICT THE IMPACT Or DRILLING FLUIDS ON OPEN,
WELL-MIXED, AND RELATIVELY DEEP <. >20 METERS) MARINE ENVIRONMENTS
SUGGESTED THAT UNDER NORMAL OPERATING CONDITIONS MOST DETECTABLE
ADVERSE EFFECTS SHOULD BE LIMITED TO WITHIN SEVERAL HUNDRED METERS OF
THE POINT OF DISCHARGE. POSSIBLE EXCEPTIONS TO THIS GENERALIZATION
COULD OCCUR WHEN DRILLING.CONDITIONS DlrFtR FROM NORMAL OR WHEN
DRILLING RIGS ARE LOCATED NEAR SENSITIVE BIOLOGICAL AREAS, SUCH AS
CORAL REEFS, OR IN POORLY FLUSHED AREAS. INCOMPLETE RESEARCH DATA WERE
ACQUIRED IN. SOME AREAS, ANO FURTHER RESEARCH WOULD BE DESIRABLE IN
, FOR EXAMPLE, MODELS DEVELOPED TD PRHDICT THE FATE AND
DRILLING FLUIDS SHOULD BE FIELD TESTED TO VALIDATE THE
AND INPUTS INTO THE MODELS. SPECIAL EMPHASIS SHOULD BE
PLACED ON DISCHARGES FROM MULTIPLE DEVELOPMENT RIGS. ALSO, DATA AND
METHODOLOGY ARE NEEDED ON THE EFFECTS OF ADDITIVES, PARTICULARLY
3IDCIDES AND CHEMICALS TO IMPROVE LUBRICITY, ON THE TOXICITY OF
DRILLIN.G FLUIDS. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON SUBLETHAL AND CHRONIC
EFFECTS OF THE DRILLING FLUIDS ON SENSITIVE LIFE STAGES OF ORGANISMS,
PARTICULARLY 3ENTHIC ORGANISMS, WOULD BE USEFUL IN 'PREPARING' HAZARD
ASSESSMENTS. ANOTHER AREA FOR FUTURE RESEARCH is THE IMPACT OF
DRILLING.FLUIDS THAT CONTAIN DIESEL OIL, Q* CHEMICALS USED IN PLACE OF
OIcSEL OIL, ON STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF BENTHIC COMMUNITIES.
OTHER AREAS,
EFFECTS OF
ASSUMPTIONS
PAGE 29
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ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY, GULF BREEZE, FL, 1984, INDEX AND-
A8STRACTS TO PUBLICATIONS: THE EPA DRILLING FLUID HAZARD ASSESSMENT RESEARCH
PROGRAM. U-S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
LABORATORY, GULF SREEZE, FL. 94P, C6RL,GS SR-112),
THE MARINE
ESSENTIALLY
EFFORT WAS A
THIS VOLUME SUMMARIES RESULTS OF AN ONGOING RESEARCH PROGRAM. FROM
1976 TO THE PRESENT TIME, ERLG8 CONDUCTED A RESEARCH PROGRAM TO
EVALUATE THE POTENTIAL IMPACT OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON
ENVIRONMENT. THE EXTRAMURAL PORTION OF THIS STUDY IS
COMPLETE; HOWEVER, THE IN-HOUSE REPORT is CONTINUING. THE
COMPOSITE OF IN-HOUSE AND EXTRAMURAL ACTIVITIES, ADAPTIVE
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS (AEA) AND A FINAL HAZARD ASSESSMENT EFFORT
CIN AGENCY REVIEW), OR. NORMAN RICHARDS DIRECTED THE PROGRAM FROM 1976
TO 1981 WHEN DR. T. W. DUKE 3ECAME PROJECT LEADER. OVER THAT" TIME
PERIOD 100 REPORTS, PUBLICATIONS AND JOURNAL ARTICLES IN THE.
PEER-REVIEWED LITERATURE HAVE BEEN PRODUCED. THIS PUBLICATION 'LISTS
THE TITLE, JOURNAL OR PLACE OF PUBLICATION AND, (WHEN AVAILABLE), AN
ABSTRACT OF TH£ PUBLICATION CONTENT. ADDITIONALLY, AN AUTHOR INDEX AND"
A KEY WORD INDEX ARE PROVIDED.
FAR3, JAMES A.. 1978. ORIENTATION AND SOCIAL
ISOPOD LIGIA EXOTICA (CRUSTACEA: ONISCQIDEA).
28C4>:659-666. .
BEHAVIOR IN THE
BULL. MAR. SCI.
SUPRALITTORAL
LIGIA EXOTICA ES AGGREGATIVE, TENDING TO SEEK OUT CONSPECIFICS. IT IS
HYPOTHESIZED THAT LIGIA MUST SEEK NEW SHELTERS REPEATEDLY WITH
CHANGING- TIDES BECAUSE OF THEIR RESTRICTED WATER REQUIREMENTS, AND
THAT ATTRACTION TO CONSPECIFICS ALREADY IN A SUITABLE HABITAT IS AN
ADDITIONAL OKIENTATIONAL MECHANISM TO THOSE EXTcRNAL ENVIRONMENTAL
FACTORS INFLUENCING MICROHABITAT SELECTION. EXPERIMENTS ON OBJECT
ORIENTATION DEMONSTRATED A STRONG TENDENCY TO MOVE TOWARD CONTRASTING
LANDMARKS, THE RESULT BEING OCCUPATION OF ROCKY ARcflS ON THE
SHORELINE*. 3RIEF DESCRIPTIONS OF SEXUAL AND AGONISTIC BEHAVIOR ARE
INCLUDED.
FAZIO, STEVEN D., WILLIAM R. MAY3ERRY, AND DAVID C.
ACID ASSAY IN SEDIMENTS. APPL. ENVIRON. MICROSIOL.
X073*>.
WHITE. 1979.
33C2>:349-350.
MURAMIC
<£RL,GB
AN IMPROVED CHROMATQGRAPHIC ASSAY FOR MUSAMIC ACID WHICH IS
SUFFICIENTLY SENSITIVE FDR MARINE SANDY SEDIMENTS IS DESCRIBED; IT
INVOLVES ACID.HYDROLYSIS, THIN-LAYER CHROMATQGRAPHY, AND GAS-LIQUID
CHRDMATOGRAPHY.
PAGE 30
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FEDERLEt THOMAS' W., AND DAVID C. WHITE. 1982. PRESERVATION OF ESTUARINE
SEDIMENTS FOR LIPID ANALYSIS OF 8IOMASS COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF MICROBIOTA.
APPL. ENVIRON. MICRQ3IOL. 44C5):1166-1169. CERL,G3 X381*).
VARIOUS METHODS WERE TESTED FOR PRESERVING ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS IN THE
FIELD BEFORE BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF THE MICROBIOTA. TOTAL MICR03IAL
8IOMASS WAS DETERMINED AS LIPIO PHOSPHATE CLP), AND THE FATTY ACIDS OF
THE- MICRQBIAL LIPID WERE USED AS INDICATORS OF COMMUNITY STRUCTURE,
CONTROL SAMPLES WE3E SIEVED TO REMOVE MACROINVERTEBRATES AND PLANT
MATERIALS AND WERE EXTRACTED IMMEDIATELY IN THE FIELD, OTHER SAMPLES
WERE PRESERVED BOTH BEFORE AND AFTER SIEVING AND STORED FOR 5 DAYS'
BEFORE ANALYSIS. FREEZING RESULTED IN A 50? DECLINE IN LP AND
SIGNIFICANT DECREASES IN MANY FATTY ACIDS. REFRIGERATION RESULTED IN A
19? DECREASE IN LP BUT NO CHANGE IN THE FATTY ACIDS. SAMPLES PRESERVED
WITH FORMALIN BEFORE SIEVING EXHIBITED NO SIGNIFICANT CHANGE IN LP BUT
SUBSTANTIAL INCREASES IN MANY FATTY ACIDS, WHICH WERE ?ROB«BLY DERIVED
FROM THE MACRQINVERTEBRATES, SIEVED SAMPLES PRESERVED WITH FORMALIN
SHOWED A 17 TO.IS? DECLINE IN LP BUT NO CHANGE IN THE FATTY ACIDS.
IDEALLY, SAMPLES SHOULD 3E SIEVED .AND EXTRACTED IMMEDIATELY IN 'THE
FIELD. HOWEVER, SHORT-TERM REFRIGERATION AND LONGER-TERM PRESERVATION
OF SIEVED SAMPLES WITH FORMALIN MAY 3E ACCEPTABLE COMPROMISES.
FEDERLE, THOMAS W., ROBERT J. LIVINGSTON, OUANE A. MEETER, AND DAVID C,
WHITE. 1983. MODIFICATIONS OF ESTUARINE SEDIMENTARY MICROBIOTA 3Y EXCLUSION
OF EPIBENTHIC PREDATORS. J. EXP. MAR. BIOL. ECOL. 73Cl):Sl-94. CSRL.G8
467*).
THE ABILITY OF EPIBENTHIC PREDATORS CCRABS AND FISHES) TO INFLUENCE
8IOMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF SEDIMENTARY MICROBIOTA WAS
INVESTIGATED IN ST. GEORGE SQUND-APALACHICQLA BAY SYSTEM, FLORIDA,
U.S,A. REPLICATS AREAS (4 M SQUARED) OF MUD-FLAT SEDIMENT WERE CAGcD
IN THE FIELD TO CONFINE AND EXCLUDE PREDATORS. UNCAGED AREAS WERE USED
AS CONTROLS. THE MICROBIOTA (PROKARYOTES AND MICRQEUKARYOTES) OF THE
SEDIMENTS WAS CHARACTERIZED AT WEEKS 0, 2, AND 6 BY "MEASURING
CONCENTRATIONS Or PHOSPHOLIPID AND ANALYZING FATTY ACIDS OF THE
MICRQBIAL LIPIDS EXTRACTED FROM THE SEDIMENTS. DATA WERE ANALYZED
USING ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE AND STEP-WISE DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS. AFTSR
2 WK, THE MICROBIOTA OF THE PREDATOR EXCLUSION TREATMENT WAS
SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT FROM THAT IN CONTROL AND PREDATOR INCLUSION
TREATMENTS. AFTER 6 WK, THESE DIFFERENCES BECAME MORE PRONOUNCED.
THERE WERE NO DEMONSTRABLE CAGING EFFECTS THAT COULD ACCOUNT FOR
TREATMENT DIFFERENCES. RESULTS INDICATED THAT REMOVAL OF PREDATORS HAD
A PROFOUND EFFECT ON MICROBIAL COMMMUNITIE5 IN ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS.
THUS, THE TOP TROPHIC LEVEL (EPIBENTHIC PREDATORS) HAS AN IMPORTANT
• ROLE IN REGULATING THE STRUCTURE OF THE LOWEST TROPHIC LEVEL (THE
MICROBIOTA),
PAGE .31
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FEDERLE, THOMAS W,, MEREDITH A. HULLAR, ROBERT J. LIVINGSTONt DUANE A.
MEETERi AND DAVID C. WHITE. 1983. SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF BIOCHEMICAL
PARAMETERS INDICATING BIDMASS AND COMMUNITY COMPOSITION OF MICRQBIAl
ASSEMBLIES IN ESTUA3INE MUD FLAT SEDIMENTS. APPL, ENVIRON, MICROBIOL.
45Cl):58-63. (ERL,€B X371*).
THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF' COMMUNITIES WAS EXAMINED IN ESTUARINE MUD
FLAT SEDIMENTS BY THE BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF THE LIPIOS AND LIPID
COMPONENTS EXTRACTED FROM THE SEDIMENTS. TOTAL PHOSPHOLIPID WAS USED
AS A MEASURE OF TOTAL 8IQHASS, AND FATTY ACIDS WERE USED AS INDICATORS
OF COMMUNITY COMPOSITION. COMPARISONS WERE MAOE AMONG 2- BY 2-M
(LOCATION) AND 0.2- 3Y 0.2-M (CLUSTER} SAMPLING PLOTS 3Y USING A
NESTED ANALYSIS Or VARIANCE TO DESIGN AN OPTIMAL SAMPLING STRATEGY TO
DEFINE THE MICR03IAL CONTENT OF A LARGE, RELATIVELY HOMOGENOUS AREA.
AT -TWO OF THE THREE STATIONS, A 2- 3Y 2-M PLOT WAS REPRESENTATIVE OF
THE STATION, BUT 0.2- BY 0,2-M AREAS WERE IN NO CASE REPRESENTATIVE OF
THE STATION. THE BIOMASS MEASURED 3Y THE EXTRACTABLE PHOSPHOLIPID AND
THE TOTAL LIPID PALMITIC ACID SHOWED EXCELLENT CORRELATION WITH THE
FATTY ACID "SIGNATURES11 CHARACTERISTIC OF BACTERIA, BUT SHOWED A LOWER
CORRELATION WITH THE LONG-CHAIN POLYENOIC FATTY ACIDS CHARACTERISTIC
OF THE MICRQFAUNA.
FERRANTEt JOHN G. 1981. FATE AND EFFECTS OF WHOLE DRILLING FLUIDS AND FLUID
COMPONENTS IN TERRESTRIAL AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS: A LITERATURE REVIEW.
EPA-6QO/4-81-Q31, U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, ENVIRONMENTAL
RESEARCH LABORATORY, GULF BREEZE, FL. 28P.
AVAIL. FROM NTIS, SPRINGFIELD, VA: P381-1977S6,
DRILLING FLUIDS REPRESENT AN IMPORTANT ASPECT OF OFFSHORE AND LAND
BASED DRILLING OPERATIONS. THE FLUIDS PERFORM A MULTIPLICITY OF
FUNCTIONSi RANGING FROM LU3RICATING TO PREVENTION. OF BLOWOUTS WHEN
.ENCOUNTERING. HIGH PRESSURE. PERIODICALLY, THE FLUIDS MUST BE CHANGED
OR THEY BECOME OLD AND THE SPENT FLUIDS ARE DISPOSED OF
FACILITIES. INTRODUCTION INTO THE ENVIRONMENT OF THE
COMPLEX FLUIDS HAS PROMPTED EFFECTS RESEARCH ADDRESSING
AND FRESHWATER HABITATS AND THEIR RESPECTIVE BIOLOGICAL
STUDIES WITH TERRESTRIAL PLANTS IN LABORATORY AND FIELD
SHOW THAT THE FLUIDS AND SOME FLUID COMPONENTS EXHIBIT
PROPERTIES REDUCING SEED GERMINATION, GROWTH AND YIELD,
IN 'ON-LAND
CHEMICALLY
TERRESTRIAL
COMPONENTS.
EXPERIMENTS
PHYTOTOXICITY
PHYTOTOXICITY
IN WHOLE DRILLING FLUIDS IS ATTRIBUTED TO SOLUBLE SALT CONCENTRATIONS.
PREFERENCE/AVOIDANCE REACTIONS WERE OBSERVED IN EXPERIMENTS WITH WHOLE
DRILLING FLUIDS ARE ALSO COLLATED AND DISCUSSED, THE RANGE OF LETHAL
CONCENTRATIONS 05= FLUID COMPONENTS IN TQXICITY STUDIES MAS FROM LESS
THAN 1 TO 75,000 MG/L AND THAT FOR WHOLE DRILLING FLUIDS FROM 0.29 TO
35? BY VOLUME, VARIOUS REASONS FOR OBSERVED TOXICITY ARE DISCUSSED AND
RECOMMENDATIONS MADS FOR FUTURE FRESHWATER AND TERRESTRIAL RESEARCH
WITH DRILLING FLUIDS.
PAGE 32-
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FINDLAY, R03ERT H., AND DAVID C. WHITE. 1983. POLYMERIC
88TA-HYDROXYALKANQATES FROM ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES AND BACILLUS McGATERIUM.
APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL. 45U):71-73. CeRL»G3 X3803O,
THE PROCARYOTIC ENDOGENOUS STORAGE POLYMER KNOWN AS
PGLY-BETA~HYOROXY8UTYRATc IS ACTUALLY A MIXED POLYMER OF SHORT-CHAIN
BETA-HYDROXY FATTY ACIDS. A METHOD FOR THS QUANTITATIVE "RECOVERY OF
THIS MIXED POLYMER, CALLED PQLY-BETA-HYDROXYALKANOATE (PHA), WITH
ANALYSIS BY CAPILLARY GAS-LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY SHOWED THE PRESENCE OF
AT LEA5T 11 SHORT-CHAIN 5ETA-HYDRQXY ACIDS IN POLYMERS EXTRACTED FROM
MARINE SEDIMENTS. POLYMERS EXTRACTED FROM BACILLUS MEGATERIUM
MONOCULTURES WERE ALSO A COMPLEX MIXTURc OF BETA-HYDROXY ACIDS WITH
CHAIN LENGTHS BETWEEN FOUR AND EIGHT CARBONS. LYOPHILIZED SEDIMENTS
WERE EXTRACTED IN A MODIFIED SOXHLET EXTRACTOR, AND THE POLYMER WAS
PURIFIED WITH ETHANOL AND DIETHYL ETHtR WASHES.'THE PURIFIED POLYMER
WAS TREATED WITH ETHANOL-CHLOROFORM-HYDR03CHLORIC ACID (8.5:2.5:1) FOR
4 H AT 100 DEGREES CELSIUS, A TREATMENT WHICH RESULTED IN THE
FORMATION OF THE ETHYL ESTERS OF THE THE CONSTITUENT 3ETA-HYDROXY-
. ACIDS. SUBSEQUENT ASSAY OF THE PRODUCTS BY GAS-LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
INDICATED EXCELLENT REPRODUCIBILITY AND SENSITIVITY (DETECTION LIMIT,
100 FMQL). DISTURBING SEDIMENTS MECHANICALLY OR ADDING NATURAL
CHELATORS INCREASED ALL MAJOR PHA COMPONENTS RELATIVE TO "THE BACTERIAL
8IOAMSS. GARDENING OF SEDIMENTARY MICROBES BY CLYMENELLA SP., AN
ANNELID WORM, INDUCED DECREASES IN PHA, WITH CHANGES IN THE RELATIVE
PROPORTION OF COMPONENT BETA-HYDROXY ACIDS. THE CONCENTRATION OF PHA
RELATIVE TO THE BACTERIAL 3IQMASS CAN REFLECT TH£ RECENT METABOLIC
STATUS OF THE MICROBIOTA.
FOX, F.R., AND K. RANGA RAO. 1982. ACCUMULATION, TISSUE DISTRIBUTION AND
DEPURATION DF 3ENZOCA)PYRcNE AND BENZCA)ANTHRACENE IN THE GRASS SHRIMP,
PALAEMONETES PUGIO. IN: SYMPOSIUM: CARCINOGENIC POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC
HYDROCARBONS IN .THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT, PEMSACOLA BSACH, FLORIDA, 14-18
AUGUST, 1978. EPA-600/9-82-013, U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY,
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY, GULF BREEZE, FL. PP. 336-349. (ERL.GB
X237*).
THE SHORT-TERM UPTAKE, TISSUE DISTRIBUTION, AND DEPURATION OF TWO
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, C-14-SENZOCA)PYRENE (BP) AND.
C-14-BENZ(A)ANTHRAC£N£ (8A), WERE STUDIED UTILIZING THE GRASS SHRIMP,
PALAEMONETES PUGIO, AT KNOWN STAGES OF THE MOLT CYCLE. PREMOLT SHRIMP
ACCUMULATED LESS BP AND 3A THAN INTERMQLT SHRIMP, THE NEWLY MOLTED
SHRIMP. ACCUMULATED MORE BA THAN INTERMOLT SHRIMP. AT EACH OF THE
CONCENTRATIONS TESTED C1.25, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 PARTS PER 3ILLION (PP3)3,
INTERMQLT SHRIMP ACCUMULATED BY SHRIMP INCREASED IN RELATION TO
ENVIRONMENTAL LEVELS OF THESE COMPOUNDS. THE ACCUMULATION OF BP AND 8A
IN TISSUES EXAMINED WAS IN TH£ FOLLOWING ORDER: DIGESTIVE TRACT
CSTQMACH + INTESTINE)> HEPATQPANCREAS> CEPHALOTHORAX> ABDOMgN. ALL
TISSUES ACCUMULATED MORE BA THAN BP. WHEN EXPOSED TO MEDIA CONTAINING
2.5 PPB.B? OR 2.8 PPB BA, A RAPID UPTAKE 3Y SHRlM? WAS NOTED DURING
TH£ FIRST 6-HR EXPOSURE, SUBSEQUENTLY UPTAKE WAS REDUCED FOR BP.
HOWEVER, AT TERMINATION OF 96-HR EXPOSURE, SHRIMP EXHIBITED A TREND OF
CONTINUAL ACCUMULATION OF BA AND BP. WHEN TRANSFERRED TO SEAWATER,
- SHRIMP APPEARED TO DEPURATE BA MORE RAPIDLY THAN SP. IN THE SHRIMP
EXPOSED TO BA, THE LEV£L OF RADIOACTIVITY DECLlNcD BY 80? AFTER A
T-DAY DEPURATION; UNDER SIMILAR CONDITIONS, THE SP LEVEL
(RADIOACTIVITY) DECLINED BY ONLY 35%.
PAGE 33
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FDXt FERRIS R., AND K. RANGA RAO. 1973. CHARACTERISTICS 'OF A CAC2+)
-ACTIVATED ATPASE FROM THE HEPATDPANCREAS OF THE BLUE CRAB, CALLINECTES
SAPIDUS. CQMP, BIOCHEM. PKYSIQL. B COMP, 8IQCHEM. 593C3)J327-331. CERL,GB
X077S).
1. SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF A CALCIUM-ACTIVATED ATpASE IN THE
MICROSOMAL FRACTION CAB,000 G PELLET) OF THE HEPATQPANCREAS FROM THE
3LUE CRAB, CALLINECTES SAPIDUS, ARE INVESTIGATED. 2. THE ENZYME
REQUIRED A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF CA PLUS 2 C20 MM)' FOR MAXIMAL
ACTIVITY. K PLUS 1 WAS NOT REQUIRED FOR ACTIVATION. MG PLUS 2 WAS LESS
EFFECTIVE THAN CA PLUS 2 IN ACTIVATING THE ATPASE. THE ENZYME WAS ALSO
ACTIVATED 3Y SR PLUS 2 OR 3A PLUS 2 ALONE. THE MAXIMAL ACTIVITY EVOKED
BY SR PLUS 2 WAS GREATER THAN THAT EVOKED 8Y CA PLUS 2, WHILE BA PLUS
2 WAS A RELATIVELY POOR ACTIVATOR. 3. THE KM OF THc ENZYME FOR ATP WAS
4.1 X 10-3 M. IN A RANGE OF 20 TO 70 DEGREES C, THE MAXIMAL ACTIVITY
WAS NOTED AT 45-50 DEGREES C. THE ENZYME EXHIBITED MAXIMAL ACTIVITY AT
PH 7.5. 4, THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BLUE CRAB HEPATQPANCREATIC
MICROSOMAL ENZYME ARE DIFFERENT FROM THOSE OF CRUSTACEAN MYOSIN
ATPASES, 3UT ARE COMPARABLE TO THOSE OF THE CA PLUS 2 -TRANSPORT
ATPASES FROM OTHER ANIMALS.
FOX, FERRIS R., AND.K. RANGA RAO. 1978. EFFECTS OF SODIUM
PENTACHLOROPHENATE AND 2,4-DlNITRQPHENOL ON HEPATOPANCREATIC ENZYMES IN THE
BLUE CRAB, CALLINECTES SAPIDUS. IN: PENTACHLOROPHENOL: CHEMISTRY,
PHARMACOLOGY, AND ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY. K. RANGA RAO* EDITOR, PLENUM
PRESS, NEW YORK, NY. PP. 213-250. CERL,GB XQ73#).
IN VI£W Or THE LACK OF INFORMATION DN THE MECHANISMS OF PCP-INDUCEO
TOXICITY IN CRUSTACEANS, THIS INVESTIGATION WAS UNDERTAKEN TO EVALUATE
THE EFFECTS OF SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE CNA-PCP) IN VIVO AND IN VITRO
ON CERTAIN •HEPATOPANCREATIC ENZYMES IN THE BLUE CRAB, CALLINECTES
SAPIOUS. FUMARASE, MALATE DEHYDROGENASE AND SUCCINATE DcHYOSOGENASE
WERE INHIBITED BY NA-PCP AND DNP IN VIVO, WHEREAS ISOCITRATE
OEHYDROGENASE WAS STIMULATED. OF THOSE TEiSTED, LACTIC DEHYDROGENASE
WAS THE LEAST AFFECTED CYTQPLASMIC (SOLUBLE) ENZYME IN VIVO WHILE
PYRUVATE- KINASE AND GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYD30GENASE WERE INHIBITED
AT LEAST 5Q5g BY NA-PCP. GLUTAMATE-PYRUVATS TRANSAMINASE WAS ALSO
INHIBITED. NA-PCP AND DNP HAD AN INHIBITORY EFFECT ON THE VARIOUS
ENZYMES TESTED IN VITRO AT CONCENTRATIONS OF 10-4 M OR HIGHER. IN
GENERAL, THE MITOCHONDRIAL ENZYMES WERE MORE SUSCEPTIBLE THAN
CYTQPLASMIC ENYMES TO ONP AND NA-PCP, THE CALCIUM ACTIVATED ATPASE
FROM THE MICROSOMAL FRACTION OF THE CRAB HEPATOPANCREAS WAS INHIBITED
BY NA-PCP AND DNP IN VITRO AND IN VIVO. NA-PCP WAS MORE POTENT THAN
DNP IN.INHIBITING THE ATPASE ACTIVITY. THE EFFECTS OF PCP ON THE' SLUE
CRAB ENZYMES HAVE 3EEN COMPARED TO THE RESULTS OF PREVIOUS
INVESTIGATIONS ON OTHER ORGANISMS.
PAGE 34
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GAETZ, C.T.t A. GIESENSCHLAG, P.V, HAMILTON, 0. KSLLENBcRGER, H. LEHMAN, M,J.
RAY, J. SNYOER, AND R. SUMMERALL. 1977. APPLICABILITY Or NERITINA RECLIVATA
CMOLLUSCA: GASTROPODA) TO LABORATORY ECOSYSTEMS USED IN POLLUTION RESEARCH
(UNPUBLISHED). I03P. C£RL,G8 X240*).
THE INTcRTIDAL SNAIL NERITINA RECLIVATA WAS INVESTIGATED IN THE
PENSACOLA ESTUARY BY SEVERAL INVESTIGATORS. FOR MOST OF THE STUDIES,
AN INDEX OF SIZE FOR THE SNAIL WAS NECESSARY. SHELL LENGTH, THE
STANDARD MEASUREMENT OF SIZE FOR GASTROPODS, COULD NOT 3E MEASURED
RELIABLY IN NERITINA DUE TO THE LARGE PROPORTION OF INDIVIDUALS WITH
ERODED APICAL WHORLS. DRY TISSUE WEIGHT WAS FELT TO BE THE MOST
INFORMATIVE MEASUREMENT OF SIZE BECAUSE SHELL COMPOSITION AND SIZE
COULD VARY DEPENDING.ON THE AVAILABILITY OF CALCIUM AND OTHER FACTORS.
IN OROER TO DETERMINE THE ACTUAL DRY TISSUE WEIGHT OF THE SNAILS
WITHOUT HAVING TO ACTUALLY MEASURE IT FOR EACH SNAIL, STATISTICAL
APPROACH WAS USHO ON A SAMPLE GROUP OF SNAILS. THE OBJECT WAS TO
DETERMINE THE SHELL AND OPERCULUM MEASUREMENTS WHICH BEST PREDICTED
DRY TISSUE WEIGHT AND WHICH HOPEFULLY DID NOT REQUIRE THE SNAIL TO 8E
SACRIFICED TO MAKE THE MEASUREMENTS.
GILBERT, T.R. 1982. STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF DISCHARGED DRILLING FLUIDS ON
THE GEORGES BANK ENVIRONMENT: PROGRESS REPORT NO- 2. 112P. CERL,G8 X463*),
STUDIED OF THE. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF DISCHARGED DRILLING MUDS
CONDUCTED 3ETWSEN JUNE 1, 1980 AND MAY 1, 1981, HAVE INCLUDED CHEMICAL
AND TOXICOLOGICAL ANALYSES OF MUDS AND MUD COMPONENTS. THE GOALS OF
THESE STUOIcD HAVE BEEN!. 1) TO DETERMINE WHICH FORMS OF MARINE LIFE
ARE MOST SENSITIVE TO MUD TDXICITY, AND 2) TO DETERMINE WHICH MUD
CONSTITUENTS ARE MOST TOXIC. THESE STUDIES HAVE INCLUDED CHEMICAL
CHARACTERIZATION- OF USED DRILLING MUDS ANO OF TOXICOLOGICAL TEST
PHASES PRODUCED BY THESE MUDS! ASSESSMENT OF THE SIOACCUMULATION OF
TRACE ELEMENTS IN ORGANISMS EXPOSED TO A SERIES Or MUDS ON THE STAGE I
PLATFORM; DETERMINATION OF RACE ELEMENT DISTRIBUTIONS IN THE WATERS
AND SEDIMENTS .OF TEST TANKS BEING USED IN BEHAVIORAL STUDIES AT THE
NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE
-------
GILBERT, T.R. 1983, SURVEY OF THE TDXICITIES AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS OF
USED DRILLING MUDS: DATA SUMMARY, JANUARY 1, 1983 (UNPUBLISHED). 31P.
CERL,GB X465*).
THE DATA PRESENTED IN THIS SUMMARY ARE THE RESULTS OF A ONE-YEAR STUDY
OF THE TOXICITIES AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS OF USED DRILLING FLUIDS. A
MORE COMPLETE FINAL REPORT WILL 8E SUBMITTED IN FEBRUARY 1933, THE
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES OF THIS PROJECT WERE TO DEVELOP A SENSITIVE
SU8LETHAL LARVAL 3IOASSAY TO TEST LIQUID PHASE AND SUSPENDED
SOLID-PHASE DRILLING FLUID-SEA WATER MIXTURES AND TO DEVELOP A NOVEL
SOLID-PHASE BIOASSAY 3ASED ON LARVAL SETTLING. MERCcNftRIA MERCENARIA
LARVAE WAS USED AS THE TEST ORGANISM IN ALL THE EXPERIMENTS. IN
ADDITION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS WAS PERFORMED TO HELP ELUCIDATE THE
COMPOSITION OF USED DRILLING FLUIDS AND HOPEFULLY TO IDENTIFY THE
TOXIC COMPONENTS. THE PRESENTATION OF THE RESULTS IS DIVIDED INTO
THREE SECTIONS. FIRST, THE RESULTS OF LIQUID AND SUSPENDED SOLID-PHASE
BIOASSAYS ARE PRESENTED. SECOND, THE RESULTS OF CHEMICAL ANALYSES ARE
GIVEN, IN TH£ SECTION THE CONCENTRATION AND CHEMICAL FORMS OF SEVERAL
ELEMENTS IN THE DRILLING FLUIO-SEAWATER MIXTURES ARE PRESENTED IN
TABLE II THROUGH VI. THIS IS FOLLOWED BY 3ULK CHARACTERISTICS OF THE
WHOLE DRILLING FLUID USED IN THESE STUDIES CTABLE VII). TA3LES VIII
AND IX CONTAIN DATA ON ORGANIC COMPONENTS IN THE WHOLE MUDS INCLUDING
# 2 DIESEL FUEL CONTENT. THE THIRD AND FINAL SECTION OF THIS REPORT
COVERS THE WORK DONE DM THE SOLID-PHASE BIOASSAY, USING LARVAL
SETTLING.
HAMILTON, P.V. 1980. SHELL SPINATION IN MSLONGENA CORONA: SUBSPECIES
CHARACTERISTIC OR SIZE RELATED?. MALACQL. REV. 13C1/2):84-86. CERL.G3
X313*).
IT IS CONCLUDED THAT THE SIPHONAL SPINES OF MELINGENA CORONA ARE
ACQUIRED QNTOGENETICALLY AND, CONSEQUENTLY, THAT THE POSSESSION OF
SIPHONAL SPINES IS NOT A VALID MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTER ON WHICH TO-
BASE A SUBSPECIES DISTINCTION IN THIS SPECIES. RECOGNITION OF THE
DISTINCT SUBSPECIES M.C. CORONA AND M.C. JOHNSTONEI IS NOT WARRANTED,
SINCE CLENCH I TURNER'S C1956) DISTINCTION IS BASED PRIMARILY ON THE
PRESENCE OF SIPHONAL SPINES.
PAGE 36
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HAMILTON, PAUL V. 1981. BEHAVIORAL ASSAYS FOR EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUDS ON
MARINE ANIMALS. EPA-60C/4-81-050, U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY,
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY, GULF BREEZS, FL. 52P.
THIS REPORT DESCRIBES AN ELECTRONIC METHOD FOR MONITORING THE SHELL
MOVEMENTS AND WATER PUMPING OF 8IVALVEO MOLLUSCS, DATA ON THE
INFLUENCE OF WHOLE DRILLING MUD AND OTHER PARTICULATE MATERIALS ON THE.
SHELL MOVEMENTS OF SCALLOPS (OBTAINED USING THE ELECTRONIC MONITOR),
AND A SUBMERSIBLE MONITORING UNIT (SMU) FOR RECORDING THESE BEHAVIORS
FROM BIVALVES HELD IN FIELD CONDITIONS. THE ELECTRONIC MONITOR EMPLOYS
INTEGRATED CIRCUIT CHIPS AND RECEIVES INPUT FROM INDUCTANCE TRANSDUCER
(SHELL MOVEMENTS) AND THERMISTOR (WATER PUMPING) SENSORS.' WHOLE'
DRILLING MUD CAUSED SIGNIFICANTLY MORE MAJOR RAPID VALVE' CLOSURES
(RVC'S) AT CONCENTRATIONS OF 400 PPM AND HIGHER, AND A SIGNIFICANTLY
GREATER CUMULATIVE MAGNITUDE OF ALL RVC'S AT 200 PPM AND HIGHER.
3ARITE, LIGNOSULPHONATE AND CALCIUM CARBONATE REVEALED NO CLEAR
DOSE-RESPONSc RELATIONSHIP FOR THESE TWO SHELL MOVEMENT PARAMETERS,
BUT 'ALL THREE OF THESE PARTICULATES PRODUCED SIMILAR PATTERNS OF
EFFECT. THE SMU IS COMPLETELY SELF-CONTAINED; A BATTERY POWERED
CIRCUIT AND.TAPE RECORDER PERMIT RECORDING SHELL MOVEMENT DATA ON A
MAGNETIC TAPE, WHICH IS LATER RETRIEVED FOR ANALYSIS.
HAMILTON, P.V., M.A. WINTER, AND R,K. PEGG. 1981. EFFECTS OF WHOLE DRILLING
MUD AND SELECTED COMPONENTS ON THE SHELL MOVEMENTS OF THE BftY SCALLOP,
ARGOPECTEN IRRADIANS. NORTHEAST GULF SCI* 5(1):13-20. (ERL,G3 X348*).
AVAIL. FROM NTIS, SPRINGFIELD, VA: PB82-238999.
THE SHELL MOVEMENTS OF BAY SCALLOPS CARGDPECTEN IRRADIANS5 WERE
ELECTRONICALLY MONITORED BEFORE AND AFTER DIFFERENT AMOUNTS OF WHOLE
DRILLING MUD, BARITS, LIGNOSULFQNATE, ANO CALCIUM CARBONATE WERE ADDED
TO THEIR.TANKS. MOVEMENTS WERE COMPARED WITH THOSE MADE 3Y SCALLOPS
EXPOSED TO ScAWATER FOR THE SAME DURATION USING SIX RESPONSE'MEASURES.
FOR WHOLE DRILLING MUD, A GRADED DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP EXISTED
FOR TWO RESPONSE MEASURES: CHANGE IN THE NUMBER OF MAJOR RAPID VALVE
CLOSURES CRVCS) AND CHANGE IN THE CUMULATIVE MAGNITUDE OF ALL RVCS.
EJECTION OF PSEUDOFECES IS FREQUENTLY aSSOCIATED WITH RVCS. ' SCALLOPS
TESTED SIMULTANEOUSLY WITH BARITE, LIGNOSULFONATE, AND CALCIUM
CARBONATE SHOWED IRREGULAR BUT SIMILAR DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS FOR
THESE TWO RESPONSE MEASURES. THREE OTHER MEASURES (CHANGES IN GAPE
WIDTH, SVC MAGNITUDE, AND NUM8ES OF ALL RVCS) WERE NOT RELIABLE
INDICATORS OF RESPONSIVENESS FOR ANY MATERIALS. NONE OF THE MATERIALS
CAUS-ED SIGNIFICANT CHANGES IN THE NUMBER OF SWIMMING ATTEMPTS, BUT
ONLY ONE-THIRD OF THE ANIMALS EVER ATTEMPTED TO SWIM,' SCALLOPS
EXPOSED TO SEAWATER SHOWED NO SIGNIFICANT CHANGE FOR ANY RESPONSE
MEASURE.
PAGE 37
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KENDALL, J.J., E.M. POWELL, S.J. CONNOR, AND T.J. BRIGHT. 1983- EFFECTS OF
DRILLING FLUIDS (MUDS) AND TURBIDITY ON THE GROWTH AND METABOLIC STATE OF THE
CORAL ACRQPQRA CERVICDRNIS, WITH'COMMENTS ON METHODS OF NORMALIZATION FOR
CORAL DATA. BULL. MAR. SCI. 33C2):336-352. CERL,GB X396*).
THE EFFECTS OF A USED DRILLING MUD ON CORAL HEALTH HAVE BEEN EXAMINED
BY MONITORING CHANGES IN CALCIFICATION SATE, SOLUBLE TISSUE PROTEIN
' CONCENTRATION AND TOTAL NINHYDRIN POSITIVE SUBSTANCE CNPS)
CONCENTRATION IN THE CORAL ACROP03A CERVICORNIS. EXPOSURE TO A USED
. DRILLING MUD REDUCED CALCIFICATION RATE IN GROWING TIPS 8Y 62?, 83%
AND 882 AT 25 PPM, 50 PPM AND 100 PPM CV/V), RESPECTIVELY AFTER A 24-H
EXPOSURE PERIOD. SOLUBLE TISSUE PROTEIN CONCENTRATION DROPPED
SIGNIFICANTLY IN THE GROWING TIP A-FTSR 24 H EXPOSURE TO A SOLUTION OF
25-, 50-, 100- AND 500-PPM DRILLING MUD FOR 24 H. EQUIVALENT
CONCENTRATIONS OF KAOLIN CTO PRODUCE TUR3IDITY) CAUSED NO DROP IN 8PS
OR PR3TEIN CONCENTRATION AND A MUCH LOWER DROP IN CALCIFICATION RATE
SUGGESTING THAT THE TOXIC EFFECTS 03SERVED FOR THE DRILLING MUD USED
WERE NOT CAUSED 3Y AN INCREASE IN TURBIDITY ALONE. THE SIGNIFICANT
DROP IN PROTEIN CONCENTRATION SUGGESTS THAT THE USE OF PROTEIN OR
OTHER TISSUE COMPONENTS FOR NORMALIZATION IN CORALS MAY NOT 3£
JUSTIFIED IN SOME CASES AND SHOULD Be VIEWED WITH CAUTION.
KENDALL, JAMES JOSEPH. 1983. EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS (MUDS) AND
TURBIDITY ON TH£ METABOLIC STATE OF THE CORAL ACRQPQRA CERVICORNIS:
CALCIFICATION RATE AND PROTEIN CONCENTRATION. PH.D. DISSERTATION. TEXAS A&«
UNIVERSITY, COLLEGE STATION, TX. HOP. CERLtGS X430*)-
THE EFFECTS OF TEN USED DRILLING MUDS ON CORAL HEALTH HAVE BEEN
EXAMINED BY MONITORING CHANGES IN CALCIFICATION RATE AND SOLUBLE
TISSUE PROTEIN IN THE CORAL ACROPORA CESVICORNIS. EXPOSURE TO 25-PPM
CV/V) Or ONE MUD FOR 24 H REDUCED CALCIFICATION RATE IN THE GROWING
TIPS BY AS MUCH AS 63?. SOLUBLE TISSUE PROTEIN CONCENTRATION DROPPED
SIGNIFICANTLY IN THE GROWING TIP AFTER 24 H EXPOSURE TO A SOLUTION OF
25-, 50-, 100-, AND 500-PPM OF THE SAME MUD. EXTENSIVE ZOOXANTHELLAE
LOSS WAS VISIBLY OBSERVED AFTER EXPOSURE TO THE 500-PPM SOLUTION.
EQUIVALENT CONCENTRATIONS OF KAOLIN CTO PRODUCE TURBIDITY) CAUSED A
MUCH LOWER DROP IN CALCIFICATION RATE SUGGESTING THAT THE TOXIC
EFFECTS OF THE DRILLING MUD USED WERE NOT CAUSED BY AN INCREASE IN
TURBIDITY ALONE. THE SIGNIFICANT DROP IN PROTEIN CONCENTRATION
SUGGESTS THAT THE USE OF PROTEIN OR OTHER TISSUE COMPONENTS FOR
NORMALIZATION IN CORALS MAY NOT 8E JUSTIFIED IN SOME CASES AND SHOULD
BE VIEWED WITH CAUTION. IN RECOVERY EXPERIMENTS, CORALS WERE EXPOSED
TO DRILLING MUDS CAND KAOLIN) FOR 24 H; SOME WERE ALLOWED TO RECOVER
IN CLEAN SEAWATER FOR 48 H. AFTER THE 24 H EXPOSURE, CALCIFICATION
RATES WERE SIGNIFICANTLY LESS THAN THOSE OF CONTROLS. AFTER A 48-H
* RECOVcRY PERIOD, CALCIFICATION RATES RETURNED TO CONTROL LEVELS FOR
CORALS EXPOSED TO KAOLIN AND SOME OF THE DRILLING MUDS BUT WERE STILL
SIGNIFICATLY BELOW CONTROLS FOR OTHER MUDS. THE RESULTS INDICATE THAT
THE CAPACITY FOR RECOVERY AFTER EXPOSURE CANNOT BE PREDICTED FROM THE
RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTS ON EXPOSURE ONLY. RECOVERY CAPACITY MUST BE
INDEPENDENTLY VERIFIED FOR ALL STUDIES ON THE EFFECTS OF SHORT-TERM
EXPOSURE TO DRILLING MUDS.
PAGE 38
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KENDALL, J.J., JR., E.N. POWELL, S.J. CONNOR, T-J. BRIGHT, ANO C.E. ZASTROW.
1984. IMPORTANCE OF MONITORING METABOLIC RECOVERY IN THE- CORAL ACROPORA
CERVICORNIS AFTER SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE TO DRILLING MUDS: CALCIFICATION RATE
AND PROTEIN CONCENTRATION. CORAL REEFS. 2:215-225. CERL,GB X008*).
THE EFFECT OF USEO DRILLING MUDS ON CORAL HEALTH WAS EXAMINED BY
MONITORING CHANGES IN CALCIFICATION RATS AND SOLUBLE TISSUE PROTEIN
CONCENTRATION IN THE CORAL ACROPORA CERVICORNIS. EXPOSURE TO 25 PPM
CV/V) OF ONE MUD FOR 24 H REDUCED CALCIFICATION RATE IN THE GROWING
TIPS BY AS MUCH AS 6Z%. IN RECOVERY EXPERIMENTS, CORALS WERE EXPOSED
TO DRILLING MUDS FOR 24 H; SOME Or THERE WERE ALLOWED TO RECOVER IN
CLEAN ScAWATER FOR 48 H. AFTER THE 24-HOUR EXPOSURE, CALCIFICATION
RATES WERE SIGNIFICANTLY L=$5 THAN THOSE OF THE CONTROLS. AFTER A
48-HOUR RECOVERY PERIOD, CALCIFICATION RATES RETURNED TO CONTROL
LEVELS FOR ONE MUD 3UT WERE STILL SIGNIFICANTLY 3ELOW CONTROL LEVELS
FOR ANOTHER. THE RESULTS INDICATE THAT THE CAPACITY FOR RECOVERY AFTER
EXPOSURE CANNOT BE PREDICTED FROM THE RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTS ON
EXPOSURE ONLY. RECOVERY CAPACITY MUST B£ INDEPENDENTLY 'VERIFIED FOR
ALL STUDIES ON THE EFFECTS OF SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE TO DRILLING MUDS.
KOENIG, MICHAEL L., ERIC N. POWELL, AND MARGARET R. KASSCHAU. 1981. EFFECTS
OF SALINITY CHANGE ON THS FREE AMINO ACID POOLS OF TWO NEREID POLYCHAETES,
NEANTHES SUCCINEA . AND LEONEREIS CULVERI. COMP. BIOCHEM. PHYSIOL. A COMP.
PHYSIOL. 70A(4):63i-637. CERL.G3 X413*).
AVAIL. FROM NTIS, SPRINGFIELD, VA: P382-207721.
1. THE RESPONSE OF THE FREE AMINO ACID POOLS OF TWO NEREID
POLYCHAETES, NEANTHES SUCCINEA AND LAEON5REIS CULVERI TO BOTH
INCREASED AND DECREASED SALINITIES WAS EXAMINED. IN BOTH SPECIES,
GLYCINE AND ALANINE ACCOUNTED FOR MOST OF THE OBSERVED CHANGE IN THE
TOTAL FREE AMINO ACID CFAA) POOL SIZE. 2. GLUTAMINe VALUES INCREASED
UNDER HYPO-OSMOTIC CONDITIONS SUGGESTING THAT THIS AMINO ACIO PLAYS A
ROLE IN NITROGEN STORAGE DURING THE REDUCTION IN FAAS WHICH OCCURS
WITH REDUCED SALINITY. 3. THE SALINITY REPSONSE WAS SUPERIMPOSED ON A
"LABORATORY STRESS" RESPONSE CHARACTERIZED BY A GENERALIZED INCREASE -
IN THE FAA POOL SIZE, THE TWO RESPONSES APPEARED TO BE ADDITIVE IN
NATURE. 4. SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES IN THE RESPONSES TO SALINITY CHANGE
IN NEREID PDLYCHAETES.
PAGE 39
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KRONEt M.A., AND D.C. BIGGS. 1980. SUSLETHAL METABOLIC RESPONSES OF THE
HERMATYPIC CORAL MADRACIS DECACTIS EXPOSED TO DRILLING MUD ENRICHED WITH
FERROCHROME LIGNOSULFONATE. IN: SYMPOSIUM* RESEARCH ON ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
AND EFFECTS Or DRILLING FLUIDS AND CUTTINGS* JANUARY 21-24, 1980, LAKE 8UENA
VISTA, FL., VOL. 2.. AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE, WASHINGTON, DC. PP.
1097-1100. CERL.GB X167*).
MADRACIS. DECACTIS CORALS WERE EXPOSED FOR 17 DAYS IN LABORATORY
AQUARIA TO SUSPENSIONS OF 100 PPM DRILLING MUD OBTAINED APRIL 1979
FROM A WORKING DRILL RIG IN M03ILE BAY, ALABAMA, AND SPIKED IN THE
LABORATORY WITH 0, 3, AND 10 PPM FERROCHROME LIGNDSULFONATE CFCLS).
DURING THE FIRST WEEK OF EXPOSURE TO DRILL MUD + FCLS, CORALS
INCREASED THEIR OXYGSN CONSUMPTION AND AMMONIUM EXCRETION, RELATIVE TO
UNCONTAMINATED CONTROLS. THOSE CORALS EXPOSED TO THE HIGHEST .
'ENRICHMENTS OF FCLS DEMONSTRATED THE GREATEST INCREASES IN RESPIRATION
AND EXCRETION AND ALSO THE LARGEST VARIATIONS IN RESPIRATION AND
EXCRETION BETWEEN INDIVIDUAL CORALS, CORALS REACHED THEIR HIGHEST
AVERAGE RATES OF RESPIRATION AND EXCRETION SY THE END OF THE FIRST
WEEK AND, AFTER A SECONDARY INCREASE IN EXCRETION AND RESPIRATION
BETWEEN DAYS 10-13 WHICH WAS MOST PRONOUNCED IN THOSE CORALS EXPOSED
TO FCLS ENRICHMENT, LEVELED OFF AT NEAR-INITIAL RATES BY THE END OF
THE SECOND WEEK. ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE DEMONSTRATED THAT OXYGEN
CONSUMPTION OF FCLS-STRESSED CORALS WAS NOT STATISTICALLY DIFFERENT CP
= 0.2*) FROM UNCONTAMINATED CONTROL CORALS. BY CONTRAST, AMMONIUM
EXCRETION WAS SIGNIFICANTLY GREATER CP = 0.10) IN FCLS-STRgSSEO CORALS
THAN IN UNCONTAMINATEO CONTROL ANIMALS. ALL CORALS EXPOSED TO FCLS
REACTED 3Y REDUCING THEI3 DEGREE Or POLYP EXPANSION. TWO OF THESE, ONE
EXPOSED TO 100 PPM DRILL MUD + 3 PPM FCLS AND THc OTHER TO 100 PPM
DRILL MUD + 10 PPM FCLS BECAUSE SACTERIALLY INFECTED AND SHOWED LOCAL
AREAS OF POLYP MORTALITY AS THE EXPERIMENT ENTERED ITS SECOND WEEK.
THESE WERE THE TWO CORALS WHICH HAD SHOWN THt MOST RAPID AND MOST
CONSISTENT INCREASES IN EXCRETION AND RESPIRATION DURING THE FIRST
WEEK OF EXPOSURE TO FCLS. WHEN EXPOSURE TO DRILL MUD + FCLS WAS
DISCONTINUED, RESPIRATION AND EXCRETION OF SURVIVING CORALS REMAINED
LOW AND STABLE WHILE THEIR POLYP ACTIVITY RETURNED TO NORMAL LEVELS
WITHIN 48 HOURS.
PAGE
-------
KRONEf MICHAEL A. 1931. SUBLETHAL METABOLIC RESPONSES OF THE HERMATYPIC
CORAL MADRACIS OECACTIS EXPOSED TO DRILLING MUD ENRICHED WITH FERRQCHROME
LIGNOSULFONATS: FINAL REPORT. EPA-600/4-81-049, U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION AGgNCYf ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY,.GULF 3REEZE, FL. 67P.
MAORACIS DECATIS CORALS WERE EXPOSED FDR 17 DAYS IN LABORATORY AQUARIA
TO SUSPENSIONS OF 100 PPM DRILLING MUD SPIKHD WITH 0, 3, AND 10 PPM
FERROCHROME LINGOSULFONATE CFCLS). DURING THE FIRST WEEK OF EXPOSURE,
THESE CORALS INCREASED THEIR OXYGEN CONSUMPTION AND AMMONIUM
EXCRETION, RELATIVE TO UNCONTAMINATED CONTROLS. THOSE CORALS EXPOSED
TO THE HIGHEST ENRICHMENTS OF FCLS DEMONST3ATED THE GREATEST INCREASES
IN RESPIRATION AND EXCRETION AND ALSO THE LARGEST VARIATIONS IN
RESPIRATION AND EXCRETION BETWEEN INDIVIDUAL EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS.
CORALS REACHED THEIR HIGHEST AVERAGE RATES OF RESPIRATION AND
EXCRETION SY THr END OF THE FIRST WEEK OF CONTINUOUS EXPOSURE. RATES
THEN DECREASED DURING THE NEXT WEEK AND, AFTER A SECONDARY INCREASED
IN EXCRETION AND RESPIRATION BETWEEN DAYS 10-13 WHICH WAS MOST
PRONOUNCED IN THOSE CORALS EXPOSED TO FCLS ENRICHMENT, LEVELED OFF AT
NEAR-INITIAL RATES 8Y THE END OF THE SECOND WEEK. TWO CORALS, ONE
EXPOSED TO 100 PPM DRILL MUD PLUS 3 PPM FCLS AND THE OTHER TO 100 PPM
DRILL MUD PLUS 10 PPM FCLS, BECAME NOTICEABLY MORIBUND AS THE
EXPERIMENT ENTERED ITS SECOND WEEK, THESE WERE THE TWO CORALS WHICH
SHOWED THE MOST RAPID AND MOST CONSISTENT INCREASED IN EXCRETION AND
RESPIRATION DURING THE FIRST WEEK OF EXPOSURE TO FCLS, BY WEEK TWOt
POLYP EXPANSION IN BOTH OF THESE CORALS WAS DRAMATICALLY REDUCED, AND
EACH WAS REMOVED FROM THE EXPERIMENT WHEN AREAS OF BARE CORALLUM
SUGGESTED THE ONSET OF POLYP DEATH. ALL CQ3ALS EXPOSED TO FCLS REACTED
BY SEDUCING THEIR POLYP EXPANSION BEHAVIOR, ALTHOUGH ONLY THS TWO
CITED ABOVE SHOWED MASS POLYP MORTALITY. WHEN EXPOSURE TO DRILL MUD
PLUS FCLS WAS DISCONTINUED, RESPIRATION AND EXCRETION "OF SURVIVING
CORALS REMAINED LOW AND STABLE WHILE THEIR POLYP ACTIVITY RETURNED TO
NORMAL LEVELS WITHIN 43 HOURS.
PAGE 41
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LEHMAN, H.K., AND P.V.. HAMILTON. 1980. SOME
DISTRIBUTION OF THE SNAIL NEKITINA RECLIVATA,
4Cl):67-72. (ERLiGB X269#).
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE
NORTHEAST GULF SCI.
THE GASTROPOD FAMILY NERITIDAE CONTAINS OVER 200 LIVING SPECIES, MOST
OF WHICH INHABIT INTERTIDAL ZONES "IN TROPICAL AND TEMPERATE CLIMATES.
THE OLIVE NERITE, NERITINA RECLIVATA SAY, IS IRREGULARLY DISTRIBUTED
ALONG COASTAL REGIONS OF THE GULF OF MEXICO AND THE CARIBBEAN SEA FROM
10 TO 30 DEGREES N LATITUDE. ITS DISTRIBUTION ENDS IN THE NORTH AT
JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA ON THE ATLANTIC OCEAN AND IN THE SOUTH AT
TRINIDAD CRUSSELL, 1941). MOST RECORDS OF N. RECLIVATA ARE FROM
COASTAL REGIONS OF THE GULF' OF MEXICO, BUT THIS MAY 3E DUE TO THE
PAUCITY OF FAUNAL SURVEYS ELSEWHERE IN ITS RANGE, DESPITE THE COMMON
OCCURRENCE OF N. RECLIVAT.A, IT REMAINS VIRTUALLY UNSTUDIED. RUSSELL
C1941) REPORTED THAT N. RECLIVATA INHABITS 3RACKISH AND FRESHWATER,
AND IS ASSENT FROM MANY SMALL ISLANDS IN THE ANTILLES THAT DO NOT
SUPPORT PERMANENT FRESHWATER RIVERS. ACCORDING TO THIS AUTHOR, N.
RECLIVATA IS FOUND ON SOLID SUBSTRATES IN THE WATPR, 3UT NOT ON THE
MUD. N. RECLIVATA CRAWLS USING MONOTAXIC RETROGRADE WAVES, A TYPE OF
LOCOMOTION OFTEN FOUND IN SPECIES LIVING ON SOLID SUBSTRATE CGAINEY,
1976). PILS3RY C1931) NOTED THE SNAIL'S PRESENCE ON REEDS ANO OTHER
AQUATIC PLANTS NEAR DRAINAGE CANALS AND SUGGESTED THAT ALGAE MAY
COMPRISE THE FOOD OF THE SNAIL. WE HAVE COLLECTED N. RELIVATA FROM
HARD SUBSTRATES (E.G., PLANTSi STUMPS, SOCKS) AT LOCATIONS BETWEEN 5
KM UP THE ESCAM3IA RIVER ANO THE WESTERN TIP OF THE GULF BREEZE
PENINSULA, SANTA ROSA COUNTY, FLORIDA. THESE LOCATIONS CORRESPOND TO A
SALINITY RANGE OF 1 TO 19 PPT CU.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY,
1975). BECAUSE OUR PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS SUGGESTED AN AFFINITY OF
NERITINA; FOR SOLID SUSSTRATES, WE INVESTIGATED THIS RELATIONSHIP TO
DETERMINE ITS ECOLOGICAL BASIS.
MORRISON,. S.J., AND O.C. WHITE. 1980- EFFECTS OF GRAZING BY ESTUARINE
GAMMARIDEAN AMPHIPODS ON THE MICROBIOTA OF ALLOCHTHQNOUS DETRITUS. APPL.
ENVIRON. MICRQBIOL. 40(3):659-671,
-------
NEFF, JERRY M. 1981. FATE AND BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF OIL WELL' DRILLING
FLUIDS IN THc MARINE ENVIRONMENT: A LITERATURE REVIEW. EPA-600/3-82-064,
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY, GULF
BREEZE, FL. 150P,
THE MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS ABOUT DISCHARGE OF USED DRILLING MUDS
TO THE OCgAN ARE THAT THEY MAY 3E ACUTELY TOXIC OR CAUSE DELETERIOUS
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS IN SENSITIVE ORGANISMS AND ECOSYSTEMS AND THAT HEAVY
METALS ASSOCIATED WITH DRILLING MUDS MAY BE ACCUMULATED 3Y MARINE
ORGANISMS TO DANGEROUS CONCENTRATIONS. A MAJORITY Or MAJOR DRILLING
MUD INGREDIENTS ARE BIOLOGICALLY INERT OR HAVE A V£RY LOW ORDER OF
ACUTE TOXICITY. Or THE MAJOR DRILLING MUD INGREDIENTS, ONLY CHROME-
AND FERROCHROME-LIGNOSULFONATES CAN 3E CONSIDERED AT ALL TOXIC. THEIR
TOXICITY IS QUITE LOW TO ALL 3UT A FEW SENSITIVE SPECIES (E.G., SOME
CORALS>. MINOR INGREDIENTS OF SOME ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN INCLUDE
SODIUM PHOSPHATE SALTS, DETERGENTS, BIOCIOES CCHLORINATED PHENOLS NQ-
LDNGER ARE PERMITTED FOR OFFSHORE OISP3SAL), CHROMATE SALTS AND
ASPHALT/OIL-BASED INGREDIENTS. ORDINARILY, THESE MATERIALS AR£ NOT
USED IN LARGE ENOUGH QUANTITIES TO CAUSE CONCERN, THEIR CONCENTRATIONS
SHOULD BE KEPT LOW IN DRILLING MUDS DESTINED FOR OCEAN DISPOSAL.. WHERE
POSSIBLE, LESS TOXIC SUBSTITUTES SHOULD B£ USED. TO DATE, THE ACUTE
TOXICITY AND SUBLETHAL BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF MORE THAN 20 USED
OFFSHORE-TYPE DRILLING MUDS HAVE BEEN EVALUATED WITH MORE THAN' 60
SPECIES OF MARINE ANIMALS FROM THE ATLANTIC, PACIFIC, GULF OF MEXICO
AND BEAUFORT SEA. REPRESENTATIVES OF FIVE MAJOR ANIMAL PHYLA HAVE BEEN
TESTED, INCLUDING CHORDATA, ARTHSOPODA, MOLLUSCA, ANNELIDA AND
ECHINODERMATA. LARVAE AND OTHER EARLY LIFE STAGES, AND OCEANIC SPECIES
(CONSIDERED TO BE MORE SENSITIVE TAN ADULTS AND ESTUARINE SPECIES TO
POLLUTANT STRESS) WERE INCLUDED. IN ALL 3UT A FEW CASES, ACUTE
TOXICITY, USUALLY MEASURED AS 96-HR. LC50, WAS 10,000 PPM OR HIGHER
DRILLING MUD ADDED. THE LOWEST ACUTE LC50 VALUE WAS 500 PPM FDR STAGE
I LARVAE OF DOCK SHRIMP PANDALUS DANAE EXPOSED TO A HIGH DENSITY
FERROCHROME LIGNOSULFONATE DRILLING MUD FROM COOK INLET, ALASKA.
CHRONIC OR SUBLETHAL RESPONSES WERS OBSERVED IN A FEW CASES AT
CONCENTRATIONS AS LOW AS 50 PPM.
PAGE 43
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NEW ENGLAND AQUARIUM, BOSTON, MA. 1984. SURVEY OF THE TQXICITY ANO CHEMICAL
COMPOSITION OF USED DRILLING MUDS, EPA-60Q/3-34-071, U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION AGENCY, ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY, GULF BREEZE, FL, 125P.
CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND TOXICITY OF OIL DRILLING FLUIDS WERE
INVESTIGATED 3Y EDGERTON RESEARCH LABORATORY FROM OCT. 1, 19T9 TO
AUG., 1983 AS PART OF A COMPREHENSIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM SPONSORED BY
THE U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY TO DETERMINE FATE AND EFFECTS
OF SUCH FLUIDS IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT. DRILLING MUDS USED WERE
SUPPLIED BY EPA, THE PETROLEUM EQUIPMENT SUPPLIERS ASSOCIATION, AND
THE AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE. THE DRILLING MUDS WERE DESIGNATED
"MAY 15," "MAY 29," "SEPT. 4," "EXXON," "GILSON," "MOBILE BAY," "JAY
FIELD," AND "PESA," INVESTIGATIONS DURING THE FIRST YEAR CENTERED ON
THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION ANO ACUTE TOXICITY OF DRILLING MUDS, AND THE
EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUDS ON RECRUITMENT OF BENTHIC ORGANISMS, IN THE
SECOND YEAR, STUDIES FOCUSED ON TOXICITY TESTING WITH PLANKTONIC
COPEPDDS, CHEMICAL CHARACTIERIZATION OF TOXICITY TEST PHASES,
BIOACCUMULATION STUDIES, AND EFFECTS OF MUDS ON LARVAL ANO ADULT
BENTHIC ORGANISMS. INVESTIGATIONS DURING THE THIRD AND FOURTH YEAR
- EXAMINED SUBLETHAL EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON CLAM LARVAE, TRACE
METAL AND ORGANIC CONSTITUENTS IN BOTH DRILLING FLUIDS AND TOXICITY
TEST-PHASES, AND PRELIMINARY DEVELOPMENT OF ft DRILLING FLUID SOLID
PHASE TOXICITY TEST. TOXIC COMPONENTS OF USED DRILLING MUDS TESTED
WERE PRESENT AS DISSOLVED COMPONENTS OR ASSOCIATED WITH VERY SLOWLY
SETTLING PARTICLES. SOME USED DRILLING MUDS CONTAINED LIPOPHILIC
FRACTIONS THAT WERE SIMILAR TO HYDROCARBONS FOUND IN «2 FUEL OIL IN
THE LIQUID FRACTION AND SUSPENDED PARTICULARS FRACTION ANO CONTAINED
#2 FUEL OIL IN WHOLE MUDS. MUDS THAT CONTAINED THOSE COMPONENTS WERE
MOSE TOXIC THAN THOSE THAT DID NOT. JUVENILE CDP5PODS CACARTIA TONSA)
WERE NOT MORE SENSITIVE TO TOXIC DRILLING MUD SOLUTIONS THAN ADULTS OF
THIS SPECIES. IN GENERAL, CANCcR ISRORATUS LARVAE APPEARED TO EXHIBIT
TDXICITY RESPONSES TO DRILLING MUDS THAT W£R£ SIMILAR TO CDPEPQDS
TESTED. ARRESTED SHELL DEVELOPMENT INDUCED BY EXPOSURE TO DRILLING
MUDS APPEASED TO BE A SENSITIVE INDICATOR OF STRESS IN BIVALVE LARVAE,
TOTAL CHROMIUM CONCENTRATION SHOWED NO CORRELATION TO TOXICITY IN
DRILLING.MUDS THAT WERE TESTED? HOWEVER, THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATIONS OF
CRCVI), THE MOST BIOLOGICALLY TOXIC F03M Or CHROMIUM, OCCURRED IN TEST
PHASES THAT EXHIBITED THE GREATEST TOXICITY TO MERCENARIA MERCSNARIA
LARVAE. THE MUDS DESIGNATED "MAY 15" AND "SEPT. 4" APPEARED TO BE
RELATIVELY NON-TOXIC TO PSEUOOPLEURONECTES AMERICANUS AND TO MSNIDIA
MENIDIA, ALTHOUGH TH£ "MAY 15" MUD WAS TOXIC TO NEOMYSIS AMERICANA AND
TO ACARTIA TONSA, A STUDY OF EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUD ON INVERTEBRATE
RECOLONIZATION OF DEFAUNATED 5EDIMENT SHOWED THAT RECOLONIZATION
DECREASED IN DRILLING MUD LAYERED ON TOP OF SEDIMENT WHEN MUDS WERE
MIXED WITH SEDIMENTS. CAPITELLA CAPITATA WAS MUCH MORE NUMEROUS IN
RECDLONIZATION SEDIMENTS THAT CONTAINED DRILLING MUD. TEST RESULTS
SHOWED THAT METHODS USED TO PRSPARc DRILLING MUD TEST MEDIA AFFECT THE
APPARENT TOXICITY OF THE MUDS,
PAGE 44
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NICKELS, J.S., R.J. BOB8IE, R.F. MASTZ, G.A. SMITH, D.C. WHITE, AND N.L.
RICHARDS. 1981. EFFECT OF SILICATE GRAIN SHAPE, STRUCTURE, AND LOCATION ON
THE BIOMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF COLONIZING MARINE MICR08IQTA. APPL.
ENVIRON. MICRQBIQL. 4-1 (5) : 1262-1 268. CE3L.GB X19Q*).
MICRQ3IQTA COLONIZING SILICA GRAINS 0? THE SAME SIZE AND WATER PORE
SPACE, BUT WITH A DIFFERENT MICRCTOPOGRAPHY, SHOWED DIFFERENCES IN
BIDMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AFTER 8 WEEKS OF EXPOSURE TO RUNNING
SEAWATER. THE ABSENCE OF SURFACE CRACKS AND CREVICES RESULTED IN A
MARKED DIMINUTION OF THE TOTAL MICR03IAL BIOMASS MEASURED AS LIPID
PHOSPHATE ANO TOTAL SXTRACTA8LE PALMITIC ACID, WITH INCREASING
SMOOTHNESS OF THc SAND GRAIN SURFACE, EXAMINATION OF THE COMMUNITY
STRUCTURE SHOWED A MARKED DECREASE IN PROCARYOTES AND ALGAL '
MICROEUCARYOTES, WITH A RELATIVE INCREASE IN MICROEUCARYOTIC GRAZERS.
A COMPARISON 0? THE COLONIZING SEDIMENT INCUBATED IN RUNNING SEAWATER
OR AT 32 M ON THE ScA FLOOR WITH A SEDIMENT CORE SHOWED A 'DECREASED
BACTERIAL BIQMASS WITH A DIFFERENT COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND'A DECREASED
TOTAL MICROEUCARYOTIC POPULATION OF BOTH GRAZERS ANO ALGAE. THE
QUANTITATIVE DIFFERENCES IN MICROBIAL BIOMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE
BETWEEN THE MICROCOSMS AND THE ACTUAL SENTHIC POPULATION IN THE CORE
WERE DETERMINED.
OLLA, SORI L.» WILLIAM W. STEINER, AND JOSEPH J. LUCZKOVICH. 1980. EFFECTS
OF DRILLING MUDS ON THE 3EHAVIOR OF JUVENILE RED HAKE, UROPHYCIS CHUSS
CWALBAUM) I. ESTABLISHMENT OF BEHAVIORAL BASELINES: PROGRESS REPORT C1980),
77P. CERL,GB X363#).
A CRITICAL STAGE IN ANY FISH'S LIF£ IS THE JUVENILE PERIOD. DURING
THIS TIME THE INDIVIDUAL MUST FIND ENOUGH FOOD TO SUSTAIN ACTIVE AND
HEALTHY GROWTH, AVOID PReDATION, ANO OFTENTIMES DEVELOP 3EHAVORIAL
TRAITS AND RELATIONS THAT WILL 8E IMPORTANT IN REPRODUCTIVELY ACTIVE
ADULTHOOD. IN THE SEARCH FOR BETTER UNDERSTANDING ,OF MARINE FISH' LIFE
HISTORY, AND SUBSEQUENT MANAGEMENT OF FISHERY RESOURCES, IT IS
ESSENTIAL THAT WE UNDERSTAND THE HABITAT REQUIREMENTS, RESOURCE
UTILIZATION PATTERNS, AND RECRUITMENT STRATEGIES OF JUVENILE FISHES,
PARTICULARLY THOSE BENTHIC SPECIES THAT ARE LINKED TO SPECIFIC
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS. THE AIM OF THE PRESENT WORK IS TO EXAMINE
UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS SELECTED 3£HAVIQRAL PATTERNS OF JUVENILE
RED HAKE, UROPHYCIS CHUSS CWALBAUM), AS THESE PATTERNS RELATE TO THE
HAKE'S ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS. THIS WORK IS THE INITIAL'PHASE OF
ANY .INQUIRY INTO THE BIOLOGY OF JUVENILE RED HAKE. SPECIFICALLY, OUR
STUDIES WERE CONFINED TO T'H£ BENTHIC LIFE STAGE IN WHICH THE FISH 'ARE
COMMONLY.FOUND IN ASSOCIATION WITH SEA SCALLOPS, PLACOPECTEN
MAGELLANICUS CGMELIN^. IN THE WORK PRESENTED HEREIN, WE HAVE
QUANTIFIED SEVERAL BEHAVIORAL MEASURES OF THE JUVENILE RED HAKE
NORMALLY ASSOCIATED WITH SEA SCALLOPS. SPECIFICALLY, WE STUDIED IN THE
LABORATORY: . n ACTIVITY RHYTHMS; 2) AGONISTIC ENCOUNTERS; 3) RELATION
OF COMPETITION TO LEVEL OF FOOD RESOURCES; 4) SHELTER PREFERENCE AND
UTILIZATION;.;) GROWTH RATES UNDER SIMULATED FIELD CONDITIONS.
PAGE 45
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OLLA, BORI L.f WILLIAM U. STEIN=R, AND JOSEPH J» LUCZKOVICH. 1981. EFFECTS
OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE.BEHAVIOR OF THE JUVENILE RED HAKE* UROPHYCIS CHUSS
(WILBAUM) II. EFFECTS ON ESTASLISHHENT BEHAVIORAL BASELINES: PROGRESS REPORT
(1981) (UNPUBLISHED REPORT). 153P. (ERLiGB X36«#).
IN ANY CONTROLLED EXPERIMENT DESIGNED TO TEST THE EFFECTS OF A
POTENTIALLY HARMFUL POLLUTANT ON ANY MARINE ORGANISM OR COMMUNITY, IT
IS ESSENTIAL THAT THE TEST ORGANISM/COMMUNITY Be EXPOSED TO THE TEST
AGiENT IN A REALISTIC MANNER- THE CONDITIONS OF EXPOSURE SHOULD
SIMULATE, AS CLOSELY AS POSSIBLE, CONDITIONS UNDER WHICH THE TEST
ORGANISM/COMMUNITY MIGHT ENCOUNTER THE POLLUTANT IN THE NATURAL
ENVIRONMENT, GIVEN THE CONSTRAINTS IMPOSED BY THE LA80RATORY. IF SUCH
CRITERIA ARE NOT MET, THE ENTIRE PROCEDURE MAY BE OF ACADEMIC
INTEREST, BUT THE RESULTS ARE OF LIMITED PRACTICAL VALUE, ESPECIALLY
IF REGULATORY CRITERIA OR GUIDELINE ARE TO BE BASED ON LABORATORY
RESULTS. OUR TESTING CONCERNED SENTHIC ORGANISMS AND COMMUNITIES. TO
BE ECOLOGICALLY PERTINENT, THIS REQUIRED THAT DRILLING FLUIDS HAD TO
BE INTRODUCED INTO EXPERIMENTAL AQUARIA IN A PROCEDURE THAT SIMULATED
THE PROCESS WHEREBY DRILLING FLUIDS FROM ACTIVE OIL RIGS EVENTUALLY
REACH BENTHIC COMMUNITIES, ON THE MAJORITY OF DRILLING PLATFORMS
CURRENTLY, OR PREVIOUSLY, IN USE, THAT MEANS TH£ DRILLING FLUIDS ARE
RELEASED PERIODICALLY INTO THE WATER COLUMN UNDERNEATH THE RIG, AT
VARIOUS DEPTHS, AND SUBSEQUENTLY DRIFT THROUGH THE WATER COLUMN TO THE
BENTHOS. IT IS OBVIOUS THAT SUCH A PATH WILL EFFECT BOTH THE PHYSICAL
AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DRILLING FLUIDS, A MIXTURE OF
LIQUID, .VARIOUS SIZEO CLAY PARTICLES, SALTS, ORGANIC COMPOUNDS AND
. OTHER CHEMICAL ADDITIVES, MANY OF WHICH ARE WATER-SOLUBLE. THE
LAYERING. OF WHOLE DRILLING MUDS ON THE TEST 3ENTHIC COMMUNITY
SUBSTRATE IS, QUITE SIMPLY, UNREALISTIC. LIKEWISE, EXPOSING BENTHIC
ORGANISMS TO ONLY WATER SOLUBLE FRACTIONS, PARTICULARLY THOSE
COMPONENTS THAT WOULD S£ QUICKLY ABSORBED INTO THE WATER COLUMN DURING
THE DESCENT TO THE BOTTOM, IS ALSO UNREALISTIC. STATIC SYSTEMS OF ANY.
SORT ARE ALSO UNREALISTIC FOR DETERMINING THE RESPONSES OF NATURAL
DYNAMIC COMMUNITIES TO POLLUTANTS.
PARKER, JEFFREY H., GLEN A. SMITH, HERBERT L. FREDRICKSON, J. ROBIE VESTAL,
AND DAVID C. WHITE. 1982. SENSITIVE ASSAY, BASED ON HYDROXY- FATTY ACIDS
FROM LIPOPOLYSACCHARIOE LIPID A, FOR GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA IN SEDIMENTS.
APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL. 44(5):1170-1177. (ERL.G3 X338*>.
AVAIL. FROM NTIS, SPRINGFIELD, VA: P383-223693.
BIOCHEMICAL. MEASURES HAVE PROVIDED INSIGHT INTO THE 3IOMASS AND
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF SEDIMENTARY MICSOBIOTA WITHOUT THE REQUIREMENT
OF SELECTION BY GROWTH OR QUANTITATIVE REMOVAL FROM THE' SEDIMENT
GRAINS. THIS STUDY USED THE ASSAY OF THE HYDROXY FATTY ACIDS RELEASED
FROM THE LIPID A OF THE LIPOPOLYSACCHASIDE IN SEDIMENTS TO PROVIDE AN
ESTIMATE OF THE GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA. THE METHOD WAS SENSITIVE TO
PICOMQLAR AMOUNTS OF HYDROXY FATTY ACIOS. THE RECOVERY OF
LIPQPOLYSACCHARIDE HYDROXY FATTY ACIDS FROM ORGANISMS ADDED TO
SEDIMENTS WAS QUANTITATIVE. THE LIPIDS WERE EXTRACTED FROM THE
SEDIMENTS WITH A SINGLE-PHASE CHLORDFDRM-METHANOL EXTRACTION. THE'
LIPID-EXTRACTEO RESIDUE WAS HYDROLY2ED IN 1 N HCL, AND THE HYDROXY
FATTY ACIDS OF THE LIPOPOLYS.ACCHARIDS WERE RECOVERED IN ABOUT FIVEFOLD
MORE SENSITIVE THAN THE CLASSICAL PHENOL-WATER OF TRICHLOROACETIC ACID
METHODS WHEN APPLIED TO MARINE SEDIMENTS. 3Y EXAMINATION OF THE
PATTERNS- OF HYDROXY FATTY ACIDS, IT WAS ALSO POSSIBLE TO HELP DEFINE
THE COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF THE SEDIMENTARY GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA.
PAGE
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PARKER, JEFFREY H., JANET S. NICKELS, ROBERT F. MARTZ* MICHAEL J. GEHRON,
NORMAN L. RICHARDS,, AND DAVID C. WHITE. 1984. EFFECT OF WELL-DRILLING
FLUIDS ON T.HE PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS AND MIC.ROBIAL INFECTION! 'OF THE REEF
BUILDING CORAL MONTASTREA ANNULARIS. ARCH. ENVIRON. CONT-AM. TOXICOL.
13(1):113-118. C£RL,GB X382*).
THE REEF BUILDING CORAL MONTASTREA ANNULARUS WAS EXPOSED CONTINUOUSLY
TO SUSPENSIONS OF OIL AND GAS-WELL DRILLING FLUIDS AT CONCENTRATIONS
OF 0.1 ML LITERC-U, 0.0.1 ML LITERC-1), AND 0.0001 ML LJT6R<-1) IN
FLOWING SEAWATER AT THE U.S. NAVAL STAGE I PLATFORM (30 DEGREES T.5*
N, 85 DEGREES 46.3" W). AFTER 6 WEEKS EXPOSURE, CORAL FRAGMENTS OF 12
TO 65 CMC2) SURFACE AREA WERE 3RDKEN OFF, RINSED IN ScAWATER, AND
EXTRACTED IN A ONE-PHASE CHLOROFORM-METHANQL-SUFFER AND RETURNED TO
THE LABORATORY. IN THE LABORATORY, THE EXTRACTION WAS COMPLETED AND
THE PHASES SEPARATED. THE LIPIDS WERE FRACTIONATED USING SILICIC ACID
AND THIN LAYER CHRQMATOGRAPHY. TOTAL PHOSPHOLIPID, TRIGLYCERIDE
GLYCEROL, TOTAL EXT3ACTABLE FATTY ACIDS, TRIGLYCESIDE FATTY ACIDS AS
WELL AS THE SSTER FATTY ALCOHOLS SHOWED NO CONSISTENT CHANGES WITH
EXPOSURE TO THE DRILLING FLUIDS. CHANGES -IN FREE AMINO ACIO
CONCENTRATIONS WERE EXTRACTED AS WELL AS SIGNIFICANT DECREASES IN THE
RECOVERABLE DIACYL PHOSPHOLIPIO. SIGNIFICANT INCREASES IN PLASMALOGEN
PHOSPHOLIPIDS APPEARED WITH EXPOSURE. INCREASES IN PLASMALOG5N
PHOSPHOLIPIDS ARE CONSISTENT WITH INFECTION BY ANAEROBIC FERMENTING
BACTERIA WHICH CAN INDICATE DISEASE. THIS EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THAT
BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS OF INFECTION WITH ANAEROBIC BACTERIA MAY 3E
USEFUL AS SENSITIVE MARKERS FOR POLLUTION-INDUCED CHANGES IN REEF
BUILDING CORALS AND THUS FOR MONITORING TH£ HEALTH OF CORAL REEFS.
PAGE 47
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PARSONS, DEAN, TOM BURKE, TERRY HIGHT, NORMAN RICHARDS, AND SUZANNE BOLTQN.
1980. DRILLING MUD RESEARCH—OVERSIGHT. IN: OCEANOGRAPHY
MISCELLANEOUS—PART 1, HEARINGS BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON OCEANOGRAPHY OF
THE COMMITTEE ON MERCHANT MARINE AND FISHERIES, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,
NINETY-SIXTH CONGRESS, MARCH 3, 1980. U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE,
WASHINGTON, DC. SERIAL NO. 96-23. PP. 1-37. (£RL,GB X165*).
THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON OCEANOGRAPHY MEETS TODAY TO RECEIVE SCIENTIFIC AND
TECHNICAL TESTIMONY CONCERNING AVAILABLE RESEARCH ON THE NATURE AND
COMPOSITION OF DRILL MUDS, DRILL CUTTINGS, AND FORMATION WATERS, AND
THEIR SHORT- AND LONG -TERM EFFECTS ON•THE ENVIRONMENT. THESE ARE
MATERIALS EITHER USED IN, OS INCIDENTAL TO, OFFSHORE OIL AND GAS
DRILLING. DRILLING MUDS ARE MIXTURES OF CLAYS, DIVERSE CHEMICALS, AND
WATER WHICH ARE USED AS A LUBRICANT DURING.OIL AND GAS OPERATIONS.
THESE MUDS, WHICH VARY GREATLY IN COMPOSITION DEPENDING UPON THE
SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS OF AN INDIVIDUAL WELL, ARE ALSO PUMPED INTO THE
OIL ELLS TO REINFORCE THE WALLS OF THE DRILLED HOLE, TO WEIGH THE
DRILLING COLUMN WHICH HELPS PREVENT 8LQW-QUTS, AND TO TRANSPORT
CUTTINGS TO THE SURFACE. DRILL CUTTINGS ARE THOSE PIECES OF THE SEABED
AND SUBSURFACE ROCK WHICH ARE DISPLACED OR IMPACTED BY THE DRILLING
PROCESS. FORMATION WATERS ARE THE WATERS rOUNO IN OFF-SHORE OIL AND.
GAS RESERVOIRS WHICH CONTAIN PETROLEUM, DISSOLVED MINERAL SALTS, AND
TRACES OF HEAVY METALS, THESE WATERS ARE GENERALLY SEPARATED FROM THE
OIL AND. GAS AT THE SURFACE AND SIMPLY RETURNED TO THE WATER COLUMN
FROM THE OIL RIG. ALL OF THESE MATERIALS CONTAIN POTENTIALLY HAZARDOUS
SUBSTANCES WHICH COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT BIOLOGICAL POPULATIONS. THE
EXTENT.OF THAT HAZARD IS THE SUBJECT OF CONSIDERABLE DEBATE WITHIN THE
SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY WHICH INCLUDES GOVERNMENT, INDUSTRY, AND PRIVATE
RESEARCHERS. IN ORDER TO MAKE INTELLIGENT ASSESSMENTS OF THE EFFECTS
OF CERTAIN ACTIVITIES ON THE DCS, THE CONGRESS AND RELEVANT AGENCIES
MUST HAVE ACCESS T3 CONCLUSIVE SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH UPON WHICH TO BASE
THESE ASSESSMENTS. IT IS FOR THIS SEASON THAT THE SU3COMMITTEE HAS
REQUESTED WITNESSES FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, THE NATIONAL'
OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, ANO THE ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION AGENCY TO APPEAR BEFORE IT TO OFFER AN ASESSMENT OF CURRENT
SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE. REPRESENTATIVES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF THE
INTERIOR HAVE STATED IN PAST TESTIMONY THAT THEY POSSESS 'A "SHELF
FULL" OF STUDIES ON THESE MATERIALS, NONE Or WHICH INDICATES ANY
ADVERSE LONG- OR SHORT-TERM ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS. HOWEVER, IN JULY OF
LAST YEAR NQAA STATED THAT THE EVIDENCE ON THESE MATERIALS WAS
"CONTRADICTORY AND CONTROVERSIAL" AND, IN FACT, RECOMMENDED BARGING OF
THESE MATERIALS OFF GEORGES BANK TO AVQIO UNREASONABLE RISK TO THE
FISHERIES. THIS MEMBER HAS SEEN STUDIES WHICH INDICATE "NO EFFECT" AND
OTHERS WHICH INDICATE "SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS." AT LEAST ONE INDUSTRY
PUBLICATION WOULD INDICATE THAT WE DO NOT KNOW THE COMPOSITION OF
THESE MATERIALS, LET ALONE THEIR EFFECTS. THUS, IN AN EFFORT TO
ELIMINATE OUR CONFUSION—TO RESOLVE SOME OF THESE
INCONGRUITIES—TODAY'S HEARING HAS BEEN CALLED.
PAGE 48
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POTOMAC RESEARCH INCORPORATED. 1978. MARINE OIL POLLUTION RESEARCH STUDY
FINAL REPORT 1 JUNE 1978. POTOMAC RESEARCH INCORPORATED, PANAMA CITYt FL.
52P. CERLfGB X0631O.
THIS REPORT DOCUMENTS TH£.3IOLOGICAI BIOASSAY WORK DONE ON STAGE I, A
STATIONARY NAVY RESEARCH PLATFORM LOCATED 12 MILES OFF THE COAST OF
PANAMA CITY, FLORIDAt FOR THE NAVAL COASTAL SYSTEMS CENTER CNCSO IN
CONJUNCTION WITH AN INT6RAGENCY AGREEMENT BETWEEN NCSC AND THE
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY
CERL), GULF 3REEZE, FLORIDA. THE REPORT SUMMARIZES THE RESULTS OF THE
COMMUNITY STUDIES, SHORT TERM 3IOASSAYS AND POLYCHAETE IDENTIFICATION.
CONCLUSIONS ARE BASED UPON THE COMPILED INFORMATION.
POWELL, E.N., J.J. KENDALL, S.J. CONNER., C.E. ZASTROW, AND T.J. BRIGHT. IN
PRESS. EFFECT OF EIGHT DUTES CONTINENTAL SHELF DRILLING MUDS ON THE
CALCIFICATION RATE ANO FREE AMINO ACID POOL OF THE CORAL ACROPQRA .
CERVICQRNI5. BULL. ENVIRON. CONTAM. TOXICOL, CERL,G5 X477).
POWELL, ERIC N.» .MARGARET KASSCHAU, EDWARD CHEN, MICHAEL KOENIG, AND JILL
PECON. 1982. CHANGES IN THE FREE AMINO ACID POOL DURING ENVIRONMENTAL
STRESS IN THE GILL TISSUE OF THE OYSTER, CRASSOSTREA VIRGlNICA. CQMP.
BIOCHtM. PHYSIOL. A COMP. 8IOCHEM. 71AC4):591-593, CERL,G3 X2Q3*>.
AVAIL. FROM NTIS, SPRINGFIELD, VA: PB82-239Q39.
1. OYSTERS WERE EXPOSED FOR 2- AND 5-DAY PERIODS TO INCREASED SALINITY
C26S-333O, ANOXIA TURBIDITY AND DRILLING EFFLUENTS. 2. AFTER TWO DAYS,
THE FAA POOL IN THE GILL TISSUE OF OYSTERS EXPOSED TO 38% SALINITY HAD
ELEVATED GLYCINE, ALANINE AND B-ALANINE LEVELS; OYSTERS EXPOSED TO
ANOXIA SHOWED ELEVATED GLYCINE AND ALANINE AND DECREASED ASPARTIC ACID
LEVELS. 3. AFTER 2 DAYS, BOTH OYSTERS EXPOSED TO TURBIDITY AND TO
DRILLING EFFLUENTS HAD INCREASED CYSTEIC ACID LEVELS. GLUTAMIC ACID
AND ALANINE.LEVELS WERE ALSO ELEVATED IN OYSTERS EXPOSED TO DRILLING
EFFLUENTS. 4. AFTER 5 DAYS, GLYCINE, ALANINE AND' 8-ALANINE" REMAINED
ABOVE CONTROL LEVELS IN OYSTERS EXPOSED TO INCREASED SALINITY WHEREAS
IN THOSE EXPOSED TO ANOXIA, TUR3IDITY ANO DRILLING EFFLUENTS, A
SIGNIFICANT DECREASE IN MOST AMINO ACIDS OCCURRED WITH THE TOTAL FAA
POOL DECREASING 9Y 50?. 5. THE FAA POOL'S RESPONSE WAS UNIQUE FOR EACH
STRESS STUDIED SUGGESTING THAT THE FAA POOL MAY PROVE TO 3E A USEFUL
DIAGNOSTIC TOOL FOR DETERMINING A POSTERIORI THE CAUSATIVE AGENT
RESPONSIBLE FOR A GIVEN STRESS RESPONSE.
PAGE- 49
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POWELL, E.N.t S.J. CONN03, J.J. KENDALL, C.E. ZASTRDW, AND T.J. BRIGHT.
1984. RECOVERY BY THE CORAL ACROPORA CSRVICORNIS AFTER DRILLING MUD
EXPOSURE, THE FREE AMINO ACID POOL. ARCH. ENVIRON. CONTAM. TOXICQL.
13C2):243-258. CERL,GB X462*).
CORALS WERE EXPOSED TO DRILLING MUD FOR 24 HR AND THEN ALLOWED TO
RECOVER FOR 48 HR IN CLEAN SEAWATER. DEPENDING ON THE CONCENTRATION
AND THE MUD USED, EXPOSURE PRODUCED EITHER AN INCREASE OR DECREASE IN
FREE AMINO ACID (FAA) POOL SIZE. ASPARTATE WAS AFFECTED TO A GREATER
DEGREE THAN OTHER AMINO ACIDS. NO CLEAR INSTANCE OF RECOVERY COULD BE
ASCERTAINED AFTER 48 HR IN CLEAN SEAWATER. IN SEVERAL CASES, CORALS,
APPARENTLY .UNAFFECTED BY A 24 HR EXPOSURE, NEVERTHELESS" SUFFERED
SIGNIFICANT CHANGES IN THE FAA POOL DURING THE 48 HR RECOVERY PERIOD.
THUS, THE DEGREE OF TOXICITY OF THE DRILLING HUD COULD NOT 3E
ACCURATELY PREDICTED FROM THE 24 HR EXPOSURE DATA. IN MANY CASES, THE
CHOICE OF NORMALIZING PARAMETER DETERMINED WHETHER TWO SETS OF DATA
WERE SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT OR NOT ACCURATE EFFECTS ASSESSMENT
DEPENDS ON A COMPARISON OF NORMALIZATION TO CONFIRM STATISTICAL
RESULTS.
PAGE 50
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PRONI, JOHN R. 1983. FINAL REPORT ON THE FLOWER GARDENS BANK DRILLING
FLUIDS PROJECT (UNPUBLISHED). 13P.
-------
RAOt K. RANGA, AND DANIEL G. DOUGHTIS. IN PRESS. HI STOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES
IN GRASS SHRIMP EXPOSED TO CHROMIUM, PENTACHLQRQPHENOL, AND DITHIOCARBAMATES.
IN: RESPONSES OF MARINE ANIMALS TO POLLUTANTS. J. HEATH AND J. STEGEMANt
EDITORS, ELSEVIER/APPLIED SCIENCE PUBLISHERS. (ERL.G3 X435).
THIS REPORT DEALS WITH THE HISTQPATHOLQGICAL/ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES
IN VARIOUS TISSUES Of GRASS SHRIMP PALAEMONETES PUGIO) EXPOSED TO
HEXAVALENT AQUATREAT DNH-30 C15% SODIUM DIMETHYL DITHIOCARBAMATE PLUS
15K DISODIUM ETHYLcNE 3ISDITHIOCAR3AMATE) AND 3USAN-35 C50? POTASSIUM
DIMETHYL DITHIOCARBAMATE). THE PATHOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS INDUCED 3Y
DITHIQCARBAMATES AND PCP WERE MOST SEVERE AND FIRST EVIDENT IN THE
GILLS OF THE BIQCIOES TESTED, THE DITHIQCARBAMATES CAUSED THE' MOST
. EXTENSIVE BRANCHIAL DAMAGE—THE SO CALLED SLACK GILL SYNDROME,
INVOLVING EARLY MELANIZATION AND EVENTUAL LAMELLAR TRUNCATION.
HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM, ON THE OTHER HAND, DID NOT INDUCE MARKED CHANGES
IN THE GILLS, BUT IT CAUSED INVASIVE MELANIZED CUTICULAR LESIONS
(PARTICULARLY AT THE ARTICULATIONS OF THE PEREIOPODS, PLEQPODS, AND
ABDOMINAL SEGMENTS). ADDITIONALLY CHROMIUM CAUSED APPARENT LABYRINTH
HYPOACTIVITY. IN TH£ ANTENNAL GLANDS, WHEREAS THE DITHIQCARBAMATES
SEEMED TO INDUCE LABYRINTH HYPERACTIVITY. HEPATOPANCREATIC
HISTOPATHOLOGY WAS MORE SEVERE IN SHRIMP EXPOSED TO CHROMIUM AND PCP
THAN IN OITHIOCASBAMATE-EXPOSED SHRIMP. THE APPARENT MITOTIC ACTIVITY
IN THE HEPATOPANCREAS WAS INCREASED IN AQUATREAT-EXPDSED SHRIMP AND
SUPPRESSED IN CHROMIUM-EXPOSED SHfilM?? MANY MITOTIC FIGURES IN THE
LATTER CASE WERE ABNORMAL. ALL FOUR COMPOUNDS CAUSED VARYING DEGRESS
OF MIOGUT EPITHELIAL HYPERTROPHY, CYTOPLASMIC VACUOLIZATIQN, AND
DIMINUTION Of BASAL TUBULAR ENOOPLASMlC RETICULUM, BUT ONLY PCP CAUSED
WIDESPREAD RUPTURE OF MlDGUT EPTITHELIAL CELL APICES." ADDITIONAL
NOTA3LE ULTRASTRUCTURAL ANOMALIES INCLUDED: MlTOCHONDRIAL
COMPARTMENTALIZATI9N IN PCP-EXPOSED SHRIMP; MITOCHONDRIAL FUSION IN
DITHIQ:ARBAMATE-£X?QSEO SHRIMP. THESE PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES "POINT TO
DIFFERENCES IN THE MECHANISMS OF POLLUTANT TOXICITY AND INDICATE THEIR
POTENTIAL USE IN THE BIOLOGICAL MONITORING OF AQUATIC POLLUTANTS,
RAO, K. R., AND P. J. CONKLlN. IN PRESS. MQLT-RELATED SUSCEPTIBILITY :AND
REGENERATIVE LIMB GROWTH AS SENSITIVE INDICATORS OF AQUATIC POLLUTANT
TQXICITY TO CRUSTACEANS. IN: PROCEEDINGS INDD-U.S. CONFERENCE ON LIFE
HISTORIES OF SENTHIC MARINE INVERTEBRATES. (ERL.G8 X472).
RAO, K, R., P. J. CONKLIN, AND D. G. DOUGH.TIE. IN PRESS. PHYSIOLOGICAL AND
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE TOXICITY OF HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM TO THE
GRASS SHRIMP PALAEMONETES PUGIO. IN: POLLUTION AND PHYSIOLOGY OF MARINE
ANIMALS. F.J.VERNBERG, A. CALABRESE, F.P. THURSER, AND W.B. VERNBSRG,
EDITORS, UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA PRESS. (ERL,GB X473).
PAGE 52
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RAOt K. RANGA, PHILIP J. CONKLlNt AND ANITA C. 3RANNDN. 1978. INHIBITION OF
LIMB REGENERATION IN THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMQNETES PUGIOt BY SODIUM
PENTACHLORDPHENATE. IN: PENTACHLORQPHENQL: CHEMISTRY, PHARMACOLOGY* AND
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY. K. RANGA RAO, EDITOR, PLENUM PRESSt NEW YORK, NY.
PP. 193-203. (ERL,G3 X116*).
THE INITIATION AND PROGRESS OF REGENERATION FOLLOWING THE REMOVAL OF
THE LEFT FIFTH PEREIQPQD WER£ STUDIED USING THE GRASS SHRIMP,
PALAEMONETES PUGIO. THE REGENERATION PATTERNS OF 400 SHRIMP SUBJECTED
TO VARIOUS TREATMENTS REVEALED THAT SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE CNA-PCP)
AFFECTS THE INITIATION AND PROGRESS OF LIM3 REGENERATION* DEPENDING ON
THE CONCENTRATION USED, NA-PCP CAUSED EITHER A COMPLETE INHIBITION OF
REGENERATION, A DELAY OF INITIATION OF LIM3 3UD DEVELOPMENT, OR A
SEDUCTION OF LIMB BUD GROWTH WITHOUT ALTERING THE INTERMOLT DURATION.
BY COMPARING THE REGENERATION INDICES (R VALUES) OF CONTROL AND
EXPERIMENTAL SHRIMP NOTED ON SPECIFIED DAYS PRECEDING ECDYSIS AND ON
THE DAY FOLLOWING ECOYSIS IT WAS POSSIBLE TO DETERMINE THE EXTENT (?)
OF INHIBITION OF REGENERATION IN SHRIMP EXPOSED TO NA-PCP. EC50 VALUES
WERE COMPUTED USING PROBIT ANALYSIS. FOR EXAMPLE, THE R VALUES OF
SHRIMP NINE DAYS AFTER LIMB REMOVAL YIELDED THE FOLLOWING EC50 VALUES
WITH 95? CONFIDENCE INTERVALS SHOWN IN PARENTHESIS: UNFED SHRIMP,
0,473 PPM NA-PCP CO.306-0.670)5 FED SHRIMP, 0.565 P?M CO.452-0.706>.
THE EC50 VALUES BASED ON POSTECDYSIAL R VALUES WERE: UNFED SHRIMP,
0.615 PPM NA-PCP (0.451-0.852); FED SHRIMP, 0.637 PPM CO.435-0.850).
THE INHIBITORY EFFECTS OF NA-PCP' WERE MORE PRONOUNCED ON THE INITIAL
PHASES OF LIM3 REGENERATION (INVOLVING WOUND HEALING, CELL DIVISION
AND DEDIFrERENTIATIQN) THAN ON THE LATER PHASES OF REGENERATION
(INVOLVING FURTHER DIFFERENTIATION AND CELLULAR ENLARGEMENT).
CRUSTACEAN LIMB REGENERATION CAN ae USED AS A SENSITIVE BIOASSAY FOR
STUDYING.THE EFFECTS OF CHEMICAL POLLUTANTS.
RAO, K. RANGA, FERRIS R. FOX, PHILIP J. CQNKLIN, ANGELA C. CANTELMO, AND
ANITA C. 3RANNON.. 1979. PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THE
TOXICITY OF PENTACHLOROPHENOL TD CRUSTACEANS, IN: MARINE POLLUTION:
FUNCTIONAL RESPONSES. W.B. VERNBERG, A. CALA3RESS, F, THURBERG, AND F.J.
VERNBERG, EDITORS, ACADEMIC PRESS, NEW YORK, NY. PP. 307-339. (ERL,GB
X117*).
A SERIES OF PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS TO DETERMINE
THE TOXICITY OF PENTACHLOROPHENOL TO CRUSTACEANS ARE DESCRIBED. THE
STUDIES FOCUS ON: CD THE TOXICITY OF NA-PCP TD GRASS SHRIMP AT
DIFFERENT STAGES OF THE MOLT CYCLE! C2) THE EFFECTS OF NA-PCP ON LIMB
REGENERATION IN GRASS SHRIMP, (3) THE EFFECTS OF NA-PCP AND
2,4-DINITROPHENOL (DN?) ON OXYGEN CONSUMPTION BY GRASS SHRIMP AND'
TISSUES FROM BLUE CRABS, AND CO THE EFFECTS OF NA-PCP AND DNP ON BLUE
CRAB HEPATOPANCREATIC SNZYMES. TESTS WITH DNP, ALSO A KNOWN UNCOUPLES,
PERMITTED A COMPARISON QF THE EFFECTS OF BOTH PHENOLS.
PAGE 53
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RAO, K. RANGA, FERRIS R. FOX, PHILIP J. CONXLIN, AND ANGELA C. CANTELMQ.
1981. COMPARATIVE TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY OF CHLQROPHENOLS: STUDIES ON
THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMQNETES PUGIO. IN: BIOLOGICAL MONITORING OF MARINE
POLLUTION. J. VERN3E3G, F. THURBERG, A. CALA3RESE, AND W- VERN3ERG, EDITORS,
ACADEMIC PRESS, INC., NSW YORK. ?P- 37-72. CE3L,GB X235*).
EXPERIMENTS WITH THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO, TO ASSESS THE
TOXICITY OF SEVERAL CHLORQPHENQLS: 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOL,
2,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENOL, 2,4,6-TRICHLQRQPHENQL,
2,3,4,5-TETRACHLQRDPHENOL, 2,3,4,6-TETRACHLOROPHENOL,
2,3,5,6-TETRACHLDRQPHENQL, AND PENTACHLOROPHENQL ARE DESCRIBED.
AUTHORS REPORT A CYCLIC VARIATION IN GRASS SHRIMP SUSCEPTIBILITY TO
VARIOUS CHLOROPHENOLS IN RELATION TO THE MOLT CYCLE. WITH THE
EXCEPTION OF 2,4-OICHLOROPHENOL, THE VARIOUS CHL030PHENOLS WERE MORE
TOXIC TO MOLTING SHRIMP THAN TO NON-MOLTING SHRIMP IS DUE TO AN
INCREASED BIOACCUMULATION OF THESE DURING THE PERIOD SHORTLY AFTER
MOLTING.
RAO, K. RANGA, DANIEL G. DOUGHTIE, AND PHILIP J. CQNKLIN, 1982.
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF DITHIOCAR8AMATE TOXICITY TO
THE. GRASS SHRIMP-, PALAEMQNETES PUGIO. IN: PHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF
MARINE POLLUTANT TOXICITY. W.3. VSRNBSRG, A. CALA3RESE, AND P.P. THURBERG,
EDITORS, ACADEMIC PRESS, NEW YORK. PP. 413-4*5. CERL,GS X369#).
AVAIL. FROM .NTIS, SPRINGFIELD, VA: P383-247205.
TOXICITY TESTS ON AQUATREAT DNM-30 (96 H LC50: 127 PP3) AND BUSAN 85
C96 H LC50: 49 PP6> REVEALED THAT DITHIOCA S3AMATSS ARE HIGHLY TQXIC
TO MOLTING GRASS SHRIMP CPAL ftEMONETES PUSlO). THE RESULTS OF THESE
TESTS, WHEN COUPLED WITH OTHER REPORTS ON DITHIDCARBAMATE TOXICITY,
SUGGEST -THAT CRUSTACEANS ARE MORE SENSITIVE TO DITHIQCARBAMATES THAN
ARE FISH. IN LIMB REGENERATION STUDIES, BOTH DF THE OITHIOCARBAMATE
FORMULATIONS CAUSED A OQSE-RELATEO INHIBITION OF REGENERATIVE LIMB
GROWTH IN GRASS SHRIMP; THE D 4 (96 H) EC50S FOR INHIBITION OF
REGENERATIVE LIMB GROWTH WERE LOWER THAN THE 96 H LC50 VALUES. SINCE
THE NUMBER OF DAYS TO MOLTING WAS NOT SIGNIFICANTLY ALTERED SY
AQUATREAT OR BUSAN-EXPOSURE, DITHIQCARBAMATES APPEAR TO PRIMARILY
EXERT THEIR EFFECT DIRECTLY ON THE DEVELOPING LIMB 3UD TISSUE RATHER
THAN THROUGH THE NEUROENDOCRINE SYSTEM. DURING THE COURSE OF EXPOSURE
TO THE DITHIOCAR3AMATES, SOME OF THE SHRIMP DEVELOPED GROSS
ABNORMALITIES IN GILL MORPHOLOGY. RESPIRATION STUDIES REVEALED THAT
AQUATREAT AND SUSAN-EXPOSED GRASS SHRIMP EXHIBITED LOWER RATES OF
OXYGEN CONSUMPTION THAN DID CONTROL SHRIMP. HISTQLQGICAL AND
ULTRASTRUCTURAL EXAMINATIONS REVEALED A GRADATION OF PATHOLOGICAL
RESPONSES IN THE CAR8AMATE-EXPOSEO GILLS—INCLUDING A MASSIVE INFLUX
OF HEMOXYTES INTO DEGENERATING GILL LAMELLAE, THE FORMATION OF
PRESUMABLY MELANIZEO PLUGS INTO LAMELLAR APICES, AND THE'SLOUGHING OF
THESE PLUGS AND SURROUNDING CUTICLE AT THE ECDYSIS—LEADING TO
LAMELLAR TRUNCATION AND TO DEGENERATION OF ENTIRE PLEUR08RANCHIAL GILL
PROCESSES. THE OBSERVED DEFENSIVE RESPONSE OF GRANULAR HEMQCYTES TO
DITHIOCARBAMATES IS COMPARABLE TO SOME OF THE PREVIOUSLY DESCRIBED
WOUND HEALING RESPONSES IN OTHER CRUSTACEANS.
PAGE 54
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RHDADSt DONALD C., AND LARRY F. BOYER. 1932- EFFECTS Or MARINE"BENTHOS ON
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SEDIMENTS: A SUCCESSIQNAL PERSPECTIVE. IN:
ANIMAL-SEDIMENT RELATIONS. P.L. MCCALL AND M.J.S. .TEVESZt EDITORSt PLENUM
PUBLISHING CORPORATION, NEW YORK. PP. 3-52. (£RL,GB 479*).
THIS CHAPTER FOCUSES ON PHYSICAL ORGANISM-SEDIMENT RELATIONS THAT ARE
OF POTENTIAL VALUE IN PREDICTING THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SEDIMENTS
AND THE TRANSPORT FATES OF FINE-GRAINEO SEDIMENTS AND THEIR ASSOCIATED
CONTAMINANTS. GENERALIZATIONS ARE MADE ABOUT HOW EARLY AND LATE-
SUCCESSIONAL STAGES INFLUENCE THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF
' SEOIMENTS—SOME OF THE CAUSE-AND-EFFSCT RELATIONSHIPS ARE WELL KNOWN,
WHILE OTHERS REMAIN SPECULATIVE. A FEW PROMISING TECHNIQUES AND
APPROACHES FOR FUTURE WORK ARE DISCUSSED.
RICHARDS, NORMAN L. 1981, AQUATIC TOXICITY OF DRILLING FLUIDS: RECENT
FINDINGS- (ABSTRACT). PRESENTED AT THE 3RO INTERNATIONAL OCEAN DUMPING
SYMPOSIUM, -WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION! WOODS HOLE, MASS., OCT.
12-18. 1. CERL,G3 X328*>.
THIS.PAPER SUMMARIZES PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF BOTH LABORATORY AND FIELD
RESEARCH INTO THE FATE AND EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS. DIFFERENCES IN
SP£CItS-TO-SPECIcS TOXICITY IN ESTUARINE VS OFFSHORE AND COLD-WATER VS
WARM-WATER LOCALITIES ARE REVIEWED. A STEPPED-SEQUENCE SCHEME FOR
TOXICITY TESTING IS PRESENTED: IT EMPHASIZES PREDICTION OF THE"
POTENTIAL .FOR EFFECTS ON SENTHIC COMMUNITIES, REEF-BUILDING CORALS,
AND COMMERCIAL FISHERIES ON GEORGES BANK. THE SCHEME INCLUDED
LABORATORY AND FIELD EXPERIMENTS TO INVESTIGATE MORTALITY,
ACCUMULATION OF SELECTED DRILLING FLUID COMPONENTS, BEHAVIORAL AND
OTHER FUNCTIONAL EFFECTS, INCLUDING REPRODUCTION, AND PATH03IOLOGY.
REVIEW OF RECENT STUDIES SUGGEST THE FOLLOWING: C13 WITH GIVEN WELLS,
DRILLING FLUID SAMPLES TAKE^J FROM DIFFERENT DEPTHS HAD A BROAD RANGE
OF TOXICITY; (2) TOXICITY OF DRILLING FLUID SAMPLES TO MARINE LIFE
VARIED HIGHLY FROM WELL TO WELL; (3) SQMS DRILLING FLUIDS WERE TOXIC
TO ONE SPECIES-USUALLY AT HIGH CONCENTRATIONS-BUT NOT TO OTHER
SPECIES; CA> FDR A GIVEN SPECIES, TOXICITY OF A DRILLING'FLUID VARIED
WITH THE LIFE STAGE TESTED; C5) THE ESTABLISHMENT OF BENTHIC
COMMUNITIES IN DEFAUNATED SAND SUBSTRATE BY SETTLING OF PELAGIC LARVAE
FROM UNFILTERED FLOWING SEAWATER WAS ALTERED BY EXPOSURE TQ DRILLING'
FLUIDS: DEVELOPMENT:OF ESTUARINE AND OFFSHORE COMMUNITIES DIFFERED;
C6> THE.BEHAVIOR OF CERTAIN CRUSTACEANS, MOLLUSKS, AND COELENTERATES
WAS ALTERED BY EXPOSURE TO DRILLING FLUIDS, AND C7> DRILLING FLUIDS
APPARENTLY AFFECTED CERTAIN FUNCTIONAL PROCESSES, SUCH AS RESPIRATION,.
PHOTOSYNTHESIS, AND CALCIFICATION IN CERTAIN TEST ANIMALS.
PAGE 55
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RUBINSTEIN, NORMAN I., REBECCA RIGBY, AND CHARLES N.• Q'ASARQ. 1980. ACUTE
AND SU3LETHAL EFFECTS OF WHOLE USED DRILLING FLUIDS ON REPRESENTATIVE
ESTUARINE ORGANISMS. IN: SYMPOSIUM: RESEARCH ON ENVIROMMeNTAL FATE AND
EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS AND CUTTINGS, JAN. 21-24, 1930, LAKE BUENA VISTA,
FL., VOL. 2. AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE, WASHINGTON, DC. PP. 828-846,
CERL.GB ISO*).
A LONG-TERM C100 DAYS) KULTISPECIES TOXICITY TEST WAS CONDUCTED TO
ELUCIDATE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON REPRESENTATIVE
ESTUARINE ORGANISMS AND DEVELOPING 8ENTHIC COMMUNITIES. ORGANISMS
SELECTED FOR STUDY WERE: THE MYSID SHRIMP, MYSIOOPSIS BAHIA, A WATER
COLUMN CRUSTACEAN, THE OYSTER, CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA, AN EPIBENTHIC
MOLLUSK, AND A DEPOSIT FEEDING POLfCHAETt, ARENICOLA CRlSTATA. RESULTS
INDICATE. THAT THE DRILLING FLUIDS TESTED WERE MODERATELY TOXIC TO
MYSIDS AT 30 TO 100 PPM. OYSTER GROWTH WAS ALSO SIGNIFICANTLY
INHIBITED AT THESE CONCENTRATIONS, LUGWORM SURVIVAL IN ALL THREE
CONCENTRATIONS WAS SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED. FINALLY, EXCLUSION OF EARLY
COLONIZING MOLLUSKS WAS OBSERVED IN AQUARIA CONTAINING 100 PPM
DRILLING FLUIDS.
SCHATTEN, GERALD, CALVIN SlMERLY, ANO HEIDE SCHATTEN. IN PRESS. EFFECTS OF
BARIUM SULFATE ON. SEA URCHIN FERTILIZATION AMD EARLY DEVELOPMENT. IN:
WASTES IN -THE OC-£AN» VOLUME 3. JOHN WILEY t SONS, INC., NEW YORK, NY-
CERL.GB X427).
FERTILIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF S£A URCHINS OFFER AN UNRIVALED SYSTEM
TO STUOY THE CELLULAR CONSEQUENCES OF EXOGENOUS IONS. AT
FERTILIZATION, A VARIETY OF EVENTS OCCUR, INCLUDING THE ACROSOME
REACTION OF THE SPERM, THE CORTICAL REACTION DF THE EGG; SPERM
INCORPORATION, THE UNION OF THE SPERM AND EGG NUCLEI WITHIN THE EGG
CYTOPLASM, BIOELECTRIC CHANGES, THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE BLOCK TO
POLYSPERMY AND'THE ACTIVATION OF THE METABOLISM OF THE FERTILIZED EGG.
THcSc EVENTS REQUIRE A COMPLEX REPERTOIRE OF ENZYMATIC AND STRUCTURAL
' CHANGES IN CELLULAR BEHAVIOR AND ARE REGULATED 3Y IONIC FLUXES,
PARTICULARLY BY CHANGES IN INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM CONCENTRATION,
BARIUM, A DIVALENT CATION, MIGHT BE EXPECTED TO MIMIC CALCIUM IN THIS
MARINE SYSTEM AND TO INTERFERE WITH THE CELLULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL
EVENTS NORMALLY REGULATED BY CALCIUM FLUXES. GAMETES FROM THE GULF
COAST SEA URCHINS LYTECHINUS VARIEGATUS AND ARBACIA PUNCTULATA WERE
STUDIED BY LIGHT, ELECTRON AND TIME-LASPE VIDEO MICROSCOPY TO EVALUATE
THE INTERFERENCE BY BARIUM SULFATE WITH NORMAL FERTILIZATION ANO
DEVELOPMENT. IN BARIUM SULFATE CONCENTRATIONS ABOVE 1 MILLIMOLAR, ALL
THE NORMAL EVENTS AT FERTILIZATION WER= DRASTICALLY REDUCED; AT 10
MILLIMOLAR BARIUM SULFATE, ZERO PERCENT FERTILIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT
WERE NOTED. THESE RESULTS INDICATE THAT HIGH CONCENTRATIONS (GREATER
THAN 1 MMOL) OF BARIUM SULFATE CAN INTERFERE WITH NORMAL FERTILIZATION
AND DEVELOPMENT OF SEA URCHINS AT SITES THAT ARE USUALLY REGULATED BY
CALCIUM IONS.
PAGE 56
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SCHATTEN, GERALD, CALVIN SIMBERLY, AND HEIOE SCHATTEN, 1932. PROJECT
REPORT: EFFECTS OF BARIUM SULFATE ON SEA URCHIN FERTILIZATION AND
DEVELOPMENT (UNPUBLISHED REPORT). THE BULK OR WHOLE MUD, (2) A SUSPENDED PHASH DERIVED FROM
THE BULK MUD SAMPLE, AND (3) A "DISSOLVED" OR LIQUID PHASE. ALIQUOTS
OF BULK MUDS WERE REMOVED FOR BARIUM ANALYSES 3Y INSTRUMENTAL NEUTRON
ACTIVATION AND FOR ANALYSIS FDR IRON, ALUMINUM,'LEAD, ZINC, CADMIUM,
( COPPER, STRONTIUM, AND CALCIUM BY ATOMIC ABSORPTION ANALYSIS. ANALYSIS.
OF THE SUSPENDED PARTICULATE AND LIQUID PHASES WAS SIMILAR. THE
AROMATIC AND ALIPHATIC CONTENT OF THc THREE PHASES WERE DETERMINED 3Y
EXTRACTION AND THE- FRACTIQNATIQN BY COLUMN CHRDMATOGRAPHY. THE
ANALYSIS FOR EACH OF THE 11 DRILLING FLUIDS IS PRESENTED IN FOUR
PARTS: A. DRILLING FLUID CONCENTRATIONS, B. WHOLE DRILLING FLUID
ORGANIC CONCENTRATIONS, C. PARTICULATE PHASs ORGANIC CONCENTRATIONS,
D. "DISSOLVED" PHASE ORGANIC CONCENTRATIONS.
SCIENCE APPLICATIONS, INC., LA JOLLA, CA. 1984, DRILL MUD ASSESSMENT
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS REFERENCE VOLUME (PROJECT SUMMARY). EPA-60Q/S3-84-Q48,
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY, GULF
BREEZE, FL, 2P.
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SMITHf GLEN A., JANET S. NICKELS, RONALD J. BOBBIE, NORMAN L. RlCHARDSi ANO-
DAVID C. WHITE. 1982. EFFECTS Bf OIL AND GAS WELL-ORILLING FLUIDS ON THE
SIOMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF MICROBIOTA THAT COLONIZE SANDS IN RUNNING
SEAWATER. ARCH. ENVIRON- CONTAM. TDXICOL. iUl>:17-23. CERL.GS X303*>.
WELL-DRILLING FLUID AND A NUMBER Or THE KNOWN COMPONENTS C8ARITE,
CLAYf ALDACIOEt SURFLQ, AND DOWICIDE, WERE TESTED FOR EFFECTS ON THE
8IOMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF THE MICROBIOTA THAT COLONIZE MARINE
SANDS EXPOSED FOR EIGHT WESKS TO RUNNING AMBIENT SEAWATER. SHADING THE
MICROBIOTA FROM LIGHT DEPRESSED THE MICROFLORA WITHOUT A SIGNIFICANT
EFFECT ON THE 8IQMASS, WHILE WELL-DRILLING FLUIDS LAYERED ON THE"
SURFACE OR MIXED WITH THE SAND SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED A COMPONENT OF
THE BACTERIA AND -THE MICROFAUNA AS REFLECTED IN CHANGES IN THE FATTY
ACID COMPOSITION. THERE WE2E SOME SHADING EFFECTS FROM THE SURFACE
LAYERING OF WELL-DRILLING FLUIDS AS REFLECTED IN THE FATTY AGIOS FROM
THE MICROFLORA WHEN COMPARED TO THE SANDS MIXED WITH WELL-DRILLING
FLUIDS. BARITE HAD ESSENTIALLY NO EFFECT ON THE BIQMASS OR COMMUNITY
STRUCTURE WHILE CLAYS INCREASED NEARLY ALL OF THE BIOMASS INDICATORS
FOR THE BACTERIA AS WELL AS THE MICROFAUNA; THE CLAY OVERLAY MIRRORS
THE EFFECT OF THE DRILLING FLUIDS, ALDACIDE SHIFTED THE BACTERIAL
COMPOSITION, DEPRESSING. THE PROPORTIONS OF MICRD3ES CONTAINING THE
CYCLOPROPANE FATTY ACIDS AND THE ANAEROBIC PATHWAYS OF DESATURATION.'
CONCENTRATIONS OF 1 AND 15 UG/L INCREASED THE BACTERIAL BIOMASS AS
REFLECTED IN THE TOTAL LIPID C16:0) AND EXTRACTABLE LIPIO PHOSPHATE
COUPLED WITH A DECREASE IN THE TOTAL MICROEUKARYDT5S. SURFLO INCREASED
IN THE BIOMASS AND- SHIFTED THE BACTERIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AT
CONCENTRATIONS BETWEEN 4 AND 800 UG/L. THE LOWEST LEVEL ALSO
STIMULATED THE MIC3OFAUNA. DOWICIDE *T 100 UG/L INCREASED THE BACTERIA
FORMING CISVACCENIC ACID AND THE MICRDFAUNA SIMILAR TO LOW
CONCENTRATIONS OF SURFLO.
SZMANT-FROELICH, A., V. JOHNSON, T. HOEHN, J. BATTEY, G.J. SMITH, E.
FLEISCHHANN, J. PORTER, AND D. DALLMEYER. 1982. PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF
OIL-DRILLING MUDS ON THE CARIBBEAN CORAL MONTASTREA ANNULARIS. IN: REEF AND
MAN: PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CORAL REEF SYMPOSIUM, MANILA,
PHILIPPINES, 13-22, MAY, 1981. EDGARDO D. GOMEZ, ET AL., EDITOR, MARINE
SCIENCES CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES, QUEZON CITY, PHILIPPINES-
PP. 163-168. CERL,GB X307*).
THE EFFECT OF CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO DRILLING MUDS ON THE REEF CORAL
MONTASTREA ANNULARIS WAS INVESTIGATED. COLONIES WERE EXPOSED FOR 6
WEEKS TO CONCENTRATIONS OF 0, 1, 10 AND 100 PPM DRILLLING MUD IN A
FLOW-THRU SEAWATER SYSTEM. WtEKLY MEASUREMENTS WERE MADE OF CORAL
RESPIRATION, PHOTOSYNTHESIS, CALCIFICATION AND NH4 AND N03 UPTAKE
SATES. CALCIFICATION AND RESPIRATION RATES OF CORALS EXPOSED TO 100
PPM DRILLING MUD DECREASED 8Y 532 AND 25% RESPECTIVELY AFTER 4 WEEKS
OF EXPOSURE AND 3Y 84% AND 40? AFTER 6 WE€XS. GROSS PHOTOSYNTHESIS WAS
REDUCED BY 26% AFTER 5 WEEKS. N03 UPTAKE RATES DECREASED 3Y 42% AND
48? AFTER 4 AND 6 WEEKS WHILE NH4 UPTAKE DECREASED 3Y 32% AND 49?
AFTER 5 AND 6 WEEKS OF EXPOSURE. SEVERAL OF THE 100 PPM CORALS DIED
BEFORE THE END OF THE EXPERIMENT, WHILE NOME OF THE OTHER CORALS DIED.
CALCIFICATION AND RESPIRATION RATES OF 10 PPM CORALS WERE LOWER BUT
NOT SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT FROM THOSE OF CONTROLS. BRINE SHRIMP
EXTRACT ELICITED NORMAL FEEDING RESPONSES FROM CONTROL, 1 PPM AND 10
PPM CORALS 3UT NOT FROM THE 100 PPM CORALS AFTER 6 WEEKS OF EXPOSURE
TO DRILLING MUD. THE LATTER GROUP STILL 010 NOT RESPOND TO THE EXTRACT
AFTER A 1-WEEK RECOVERY PERIOD IN CLEAN SEAWATER.
- PAGE 58
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SZMANT-FROELICH, ALINA. 1983. PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS Or DRILLING MUDS ON
REEF CORALS. EPfl-600/3-33-013, U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY,
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY, GULF BREEZE, FL. 54P.
PIECES OF CORAL FROM TWO SPECIES, MONTASTREA ANNULARIS AND ACROPORA
CERVICQRNIS, WERE EXPOSED IN THE LABORATORY TO CONCENTRATIONS OF 0, 1,
lOt AND 100 PPM DRILLING MUO FDR PERIODS TWO DAYS TO SEVEN WEEKS.
SEVERAL PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF THE CORAL ANIMAL (CALCIFICATION
RATE, RESPIRATION RATE) AND OF THEIR ZOOXANTHELLAE (PHOTOSYNTHESIS
RATE, NUTRIENT UPTAKE RATE) WE3E MONITORED AT REGULAR INTERVALS DURING
THE EXPOSURE PERIODS. IN ADDITION, 8IOMASS PARAMETERS (TISSUE
NITROGEN, ZOQXANTHELLAE CELL DENSITY, CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT} WERE
MEASURED AT TWO-WEEK INTERVALS FOR THE LONGER EXPOSURE EXPERIMENT, AND
AT THE END OF EACH EXPERIMENT FOR THE SHORTER EXPOSURES- INITIAL
LONG-rTERM EXPOSURES OF PIECES OF MQNTASTREA ANNULARIS TO A SERIES OF
DRILL MUDS (DESIGNATED JX-2 ' THROUGH JX-7) COLLECTED FROM A',JAY
DIL-rlELD WELL SHOWED A SIGNIFICANT DETRIMENTAL EFFECT'ON
CALCIFICATION, RESPIRATION, AND N0(3) UPTAKE RATES DURING THE FOURTH
WEEK OF EXPOSURE TO 100 PPM DRILL MUD. PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND NH(45 UPTAKE
RATES WERE AFFECTED ALSO DURING THE FIFTH WEEK OF EXPOSURE. NORMAL
FEEDING BEHAVIOR WAS ABSENT FROM THESE CORALS WHEN TESTED DURING THE
SIXTH AND SEVENTH .WEEKS OF EXPOSURE. SEVERAL 100 PPM CORALS DIED
DURING THE FIFTH AND SIXTH WEEKS.
TAGATZ, MARLIN E., GAYLE R, PLAIA, AND CHRISTINE H. DEANS. IN PREP,
RESPONSES OF'MACaOSENTHOS COLONIZING ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS CONTAMINATED WITH
DRILLING MUD CONTAINING DIESEL OIL. MAR. BIOL, CB5RL.>. CERL.GB 505).
SOXES FILLED WITH CLEAN SAND OR CLEAN SAND WITH A 2-CM OVERLAY OF
MIXTURES OF SAND WITH BA3ITE OR DRILLING MUD WERE PLACED IN SANTA ROSA
SOUND, FLORIDA,.TQ DETERMINE THE EFFECTS OF A USED LIME DRILLING-MUD'
ON FIELD-COLONIZED MACRQBENTHIC COMMUNITIES- EFFECT Or THE DRILLING
MUD ON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE WAS GREATER THAN THAT OF ITS 3ARITE
COMPONENT AFTER COLONIZATION FOR 8 WEEKS. 3ARITE CAUSES CHANGES IN
TEXTURE OF THE SEDIMENT AND THEREBY RECRUITMENT. THE AVERAGE NUMBERS
OF ANIMALS AND SPECIES IN BOXES CONTAINING 1:10 AND It3 MIXTURES OF
MUD TO SAND-WERE SIGNIFICANTLY LESS THAN THOSE IN CONTROL BOXES AND'
MOST Or THE 3ARITE/SAND MIXTURES. THE SHANNON-WEAVER INDEX OF
DIVERSITY, SIMPSON'S INDEX OF DOMINANCE, AND THE BRAY-CURTIS
DISSIMILARITY.INDEX DIFFERED ONLY FOR 1:3 MUD/SAND COMMUNITIES. TOXIC
EFFECTS OF THE LIME DRILLING MUD WERE ATTRIBUTED TO A DIESEL FUEL OIL
COMPONENT (3.98 MG/G OF MUD).
PAGE 59
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TAGATZ,. MARLIN £., JOEL M. IVEY, JAMES C. MOQRE, AND MICHAEL "TOBIA. 1977.
EFFECTS Or PENTACHLOROPHENOL ON THE DEVELOPMENT Or ESTUARINE COMMUNITIES. J.
TOXICOL. ENVIRON. HEALTH. 3(3):501-506. CERL,G8 310*).
PENTACHLQRDPHENOL AFFECTED THE COMPOSITION OF COMMUNITIES OF ESTUARINE
ORGANISMS DEVELOPED IN SAND FROM PLANKTONIC LARVAE IN ESTUARINE WATER
THAT FLOWED THROUGH TEN CONTROL AQUARIA flND TEN AQUARIA PER EXPOSURE
CONCENTRATION AVERAGING 7, 76, OS 622 M&/LITER. ANNELIDS, ARTHROPODSi
AND MOLLUSKS WERE THE NUMERICALLY DOMINANT PHYLA WHEN ANIMALS WERE
COLLECTED IN A 1-MM-MESH SIEVE AFTER 9 WK OF EXPOSURE. MOLLUSKS WERE
MARKEDLY FEWER AT 7 MG/LITER; ANNELIDS AND ARTHROPODS AT 76 MG/LITER.
ALMOST NO ANIMALS OCCURRED AT 622 MG/LITER. THE TOTAL NUMBERS OF
INDIVIDUALS AND SPECIES WERE SIGNIFICANTLY LESS (A=0.01) IN AQUARIA
EXPOSED TO 76 MG/LITER THAN IN THOSE UNEXPOSED OR EXPOSED TO 7
MG/LITER,
TAGATZ, MARLIN E., AND MICHAEL TOSIA. 1978. EFFECT OF BARITE C8AS04) ON
DEVELOPMENT.OF ESTUARINr COMMUNITIES. ESTUARIN5 COASTAL MAR. SCI-
7(4):401-407. (ERL,G3 340).
BARITE CBAS04), THE PRIMARY COMPONENT OF OIL DRILLING MUDS, AFFECTED
THE COMPOSITION OF ESTUARINE COMMUNITIES DEVELOPED FROM PLANKTONIC
LARVAE IN AQUARIA CONTAINING SAND AND FLOWING ESTUARINE WATER. AQUARIA
CONTAINED: SAND ONLY; A MIXTURE CBY VOLUME) OF i PART BARITE AND 10
PARTS SAND; i PART BARITE, AND 3 PARTS SAND; OR SAND COVERED BY 0,5 CM
BARITE. FOR ALL -ENVIRONMENTS, ANNELIDS AND MOLLUSKS WERE THE
NUMERICALLY DOMINANT PHYLA COLLECTED IN ft 1-MM-MESH SIEVE AFTER 10
WEEKS EXPOSURE; a TOTAL OF 3020 ANIMALS, REPRESENTING 59 SPECIES, WAS
COLLECTED. SIGNIFICANTLY FEWER ANIMALS AND SPECIES CA=0.01) DEVELOPED
IN AQUARIA SAND COVERED 3Y BARITE THAN IN &QUARIA UNEXPOSED OR EXPOSED
TO i BARITE:IO SAND. NUMBER OF ANIMALS IN AQUARIA CONTAINING i
BARITE:3 SAND ALSO DIFFERED CA=0.05) FROM THAT IN CONTROL AQUARIA.
ANNELIDS WERE PARTICULARLY AFFECTED AND SIGNIFICANTLY FEWER (A=0.0i)
WERE FOUND IN ALL TREATMENTS THAN IN THE CONTROL. MOLLUSKS DECREASED
MARKEDLY IN NUMBER ONLY IN BARITE-COVERED AQUARIA, BARITE, HOWEVER,
DID NOT IMPEDE GROWTH CAS HEIGHT) OF THE ABUNDANT CLAM, LAEVICAROIUM
MDRTONI, OR DECREASE ABUNDANCE OF SIX OTHER PHYLA. OUR DATA INDICATE
THAT LARGE QUANTITIES OF THIS COMPOUND, AS DISCHARGED IN OFFSHORE OIL
DRILLING, POSSIBLY COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT THE COLONIZATION OF BENTHIC
ANIMALS.
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TAGATZt M.E., J.M. IVEY, H.K. LEHMAN, AND J.L. OGLES8Y. 1978. EFFECTS OF A
LIGNQSULFQNATE-TYPE DRILLING MUD ON DEVELOPMENT DP EXPERIMENTAL ESTUARINE
MACR03ENTHIC COMMUNITIES, NORTHEAST GULF SCI. 2Cl):35-42. (ERL,G3 370).
DRILLING MUOf AS USED IN EXPLORATORY DRILLING FOR OIL OFFSHOREt
AFFECTED THE COMPOSITION OF ESTUARINE COMMUNITIES THAT DEVELOPED FROM
PLANKTONIC LARVAE IN AQUARIA CONTAINING SAND AND FLOWING ESTUARINE
WATER. AQUARIA CONTAINED: SAND ONLY: A MIXTURE C3Y VOLUME) OF 1 PART
MUD ANO 10 PARTS SAND; 1 PART MUD AND 5 PARTS SAND; OR SAND COVERED BY
0.2 CM MUD. FOR ALL ENVIRONMENTS, ANNELIDS, MOLLUSKS, ARTHROPODS, AND
CQELENTERATES WERE THE NUMERICALLY DOMINANT PHYLA COLLECTED IN A 1 MM
MESH SIEVE AFTER EIGHT WEEKS EXPOSURE; A TOTAL OF 1,025 ANIMALS,
REPRESENTING 45 SPEClESt WAS COLLECTED. ANNELIDS AND COELENTERATES
WERE SIGNIFICANTLY FEWER CA=0.05) IN AQUARIA CONTAINING DRILLING MUD'
THAN IN THE CONTROL AQUARIA. ARTHROPODS WERE SIGNIFICANTLY AFFECTED .
ONLY 3Y MUO COVER OVER SAND? MOLLUSKS ALSO WERE DIMINISHED IN THIS
ENVIRONMENT, BUT NOT SIGNIFICANTLY. EXPOSURE TO CONCENTRATIONS OF
DRILLING MUD REDUCED NOT ONLY THE NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS* BUT ALSO THE
FREQUENCY OF OCCURENCE OF MACRQ8ENTHIC SPECIES. THUS, THE AVERAGE
NUMBER OF ANNELID SPECISS IN 1 PART MUD: 5 PARTS SAND AQUARIA OR IN
MUD-COVERED AQUARIA WAS SIGNIFICANTLY LESS THAN IN CONTROL AQUARIA.
THE AVERAGE NUMBER OF ARTHROPOD SPECIES PER AQUARIUM WAS ALSO
SIGNIFICANTLY LESS IN MUD-COVER EXPOSURE THAN IN THE CONTROL,
DISCHARGE OF LARGE QUANTITIES QF DRILLING MUO AT LEVELS TESTED IN THE
LABORATORY COULD ADVERSELY AFFECT THE COLONIZATION OF VARIOUS
SUBSTRATA BY 3ENTHIC ANIMALS IN NATURE.
TAGATZ, M.E., J.M. IVEY, AND M. TQBIA, 1978. EFFECTS OF DOWICIOE G-ST ON
DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL ESTUARINE MACRQ3ENTHIC COMMUNITIES. IN:
PENTACHLOaOPHENQL: CHEMISTRY, PHARMACOLOGY, AND ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY-
K. RANGA RAO, EDITOR, PLENUM PRESS, NY. PP. 157-163. CERL.G3 352).
AQUARIA CONTAINING CLEAN SAND RECEIVED A CONTINUOUS SUPPLY OF FLOWING
SEAWATER FROM SANTA ROSA SQJND, FLORIDA, MIXED WITH KNOWN QUANTITIES
OF DOWICIDE G-ST C79% SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE) FOR THIRTEEN WEEKS.
THE MEASURED CONCENTRATIONS OF PENTACHLOROPHENOL CPCP) IN AQUARIA WERE
1.8, 15-8 AND 151 MG/L. AT THE END OF THE EXPERIMENT, MACROFAUNA
ESTABLISHED IN CONTROL AND EXPERIMENTAL AQUARIA WAS EXAMINED, ,
MOLLUSXS, ARTHSOP.OOS AND ANNELIDS WERE NUMERICALLY DOMINANT AMONG .THE
MACROFAUNA. ALTHOUGH EXPOSURE TO 1.3 MG PCP/L HAD NO EFFECT, THE
HIGHER CONCENTRATIONS OF PCP CAUSED MASKED REDUCTION IN THE NUMBERS OF
INDIVIDUALS AND SPECIES. MOLLUSKS WERE TH= MOST SENSITIVE TAXONOMIC " '
GROUP TO PCP. THESE RESULTS ANO OUR PREVIOUS STUDIES ON THE EFFECTS QF
A NINE-WEEK EXPOSURE TO PCP IN THE ESTABLISHMENT OF MACROBcNTHlC
COMMUNITIES INDICATE THAT DISCHARGE OF PCP INTO NATURAL WATERS COULD
ALTER THE NORMAL COLONIZATION BY BENTHIC ANIMALS AND COULD- IMPACT
VARIOUS ECOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIPS AMONG LOCALIZED POPULATIONS.
PAGE 61
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TAGATZi M.E., J.M. IVEYt AND J,L. QGLESBY- 1979. TOXICITY OF DRILLING-MUD
8IOCIDES TO DEVELOPING ESTUARINE MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES. NORTHEAST GULF
SCI. 3(2):88-9S. (ERL,GB 391).
THE EFFECTS OF VARIOUS BIOCIDSS, AS USED IN DRILLING MUDS FOR
EXPLORATORY DRILLING FOR OIL OFFSHORE, WERE DETERMINED BY COMPARING
MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES THAT DEVELOPED FROM PLANKTONIC LARVAE IN
TREATED AND UNTREATED AQUARIA. SURFLO-333 AND ALOACIOE WERE TESTED
SIMULTANEOUSLY. HARVEST AT SEVEN WEEKS YIELDED 1.941 ANIMALS,
REPRESENTING 37 SPECIES OF 6 PHYLA, THE EFFECTS OF SURFLO-833 (25?
OICHLQROPHENOL AND OTHER CHLOROPHENALS> ON THESE COMMUNITIES WERE
SIMILAR TO THOSE OF PENTACHLOSOPHENOL (TAGATZ ET AL.t 1977; 1978), A
BIOCIOE KNOWN TO 3£ TOXIC TO MANY AQUATIC ORGANISMS (RAO, 1978).
SIGNIFICANTLY FEWER (A=0.05) CHQRDAT5S, MOLLUSKS, AND ANNELIDS
OCCURRED IN 819 MG SURFLO-B33/1 (MEASURED) THAN IN THE CONTROL;
MOLLUSKS WERE MOST SENSITIVE AND ALSO SIGNIFICANTLY FEWER IN "AQUARIA
RECEIVING 41 MG/1. AVERAGE NUMBERS OF ANIMALS AND SPECIES PER AQUARIUM
DID NOT SIGNIFICANTLY DECREASE IN ALDACIDE (91? PARAFORMALDEHYDE) AT
NOMINAL CONCENTRATIONS OF 15 AND 300 MG/1. THE HIGH TOXICITY OF THE
CHLOROPHENOLS TESTED INDICATES THAT THE USE OF ALTERNATIVE 8IOCIDES,
POSSIBLY PARAFORMALDEHYDE, SHOULD BE CONSIDERED FDR NATURAL WATERS,
TAGATZ,. M.E., J.M. IVEY, H.K. LEHMAN, M, TQ3IA, AND J.L. OGLESBY. 1980.
EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUD ON DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL ESTUARINE MACROBENTHIC
COMMUNITIES. IN: SYMPOSIUM: RESEARCH ON ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EFFECTS OF
DRILLING FLUIDS AND CUTTINGS, JANUARY 21-24, 1980, LAKE BUENA VISTA, FL.»
VOL. 2. AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE, WASHINGTON, QC. pp. 847-865. CERL.GB
401*).
THE EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUD ON DEVELOPMENT OF ESTUARINE MACROBENTHIC
COMMUNITIES, WHICH RESULT FROM SETTLING PLANKTONIC LARVAE, WERE
ASSESSED BY COMPARING NUMBER AND SPECIES OF ANIMALS THAT GREW IN
UNCONTAMINATED AND CONTAMINATED AQUARIA FOR AT LEAST 7 WEEKS. AQUARIA
CONTAINED SAND AND WERE CONTINUOUSLY SUPPLIED WITH UNFILTEREO
SEAWATER. WE TESTED WHOLE DRILLING MUD, 3ARITE (MUD-WEIGHTING AGENT),
A pARArORMALOEHYOE-TYpE SIOCIDE (ALDACIDE), AND THREE
CHLOROPHENOL-TYPE BIOCIOES (PENTACHLOROPHENOL, DOWICIDE G-ST, AND
SURFLO 3-33). TESTS WITH WHOLE DRILLING MUD AND 3AR.ITE WERE DESIGNED
TO DETERMINE THEIR IMPACT AS A COVER (2 OR 5 MM) OVER THE SUBSTRATUM
AND WHEN .MIXED WITH CLEAN SAND (RATIOS OF 1:10 SAND AND HIGHER).
ANNELIDS WERE MOST SENSITIVE TO DRILLING MUD AND BARITS AND
SIGNIFICANTLY FEWER (P-0.05) IN ALL CONTAMINATED AQUARIA THAN IN
CONTROL AQUARIA. FOR ALL PHYLA, THE AVERAGE NUMBER OF SPECIES PER
AQUARIUM WAS SIGNIFICANTLY LESS IN TREATMENTS WITH A COVER OF MUD OR
BARITE THAN IN THE CONTROLS. MOLLUSKS WERE PARTICULARLY AFFECTED BY
THE CHLORDPHENOL-TYPE 3IOCIDES AND SIGNIFICANTLY FEWER (P=0.05) AT
CONCENTRATIONS (ACTIVE INGREDIENT IN WATER) OF 7 MICRQGRAMS '
PENTACHLQRQPHENOL/1, 18 MICROGRAMS DOWICIDE G/l, AND 10 MICROGRAMS
SURFLO 8-33/1. NUMBERS OF INDIVIDUALS AND SPECIES OF ANNcLlDE PER
EXPERIMENTAL AQUASIUM WERE ALSO SIGNIFICANTLY LESS THAN IN 'CONTROL
AQUARIA AT 76 MICRQGRAMS PENTACHLQROPHENQL/1, 183 MICROGRAMS DOWICIDE
G/l, AND 205 MICROGRAMS SURFLO B-33/U NUMBERS OF ANIMALS AND SPECIES
DID NOT SIGNIFICANTLY DECREASE IN THE PRESENCE OF ALDACIDE AT NOMINAL
CONCENTRATIONS (ACTIVE INGREDIENT) AS HIGH AS 273 MICROGRAMS/1.
ADVERSE EFFECTS Or DRILLING MUD ON MARINE BENTHOS COULD RESULT FROM
TOXIC CONSTITUENTS OR FROM THOSE THAT PHYSICALLY ALTER THE SUBSTRATE.
PAGE 62
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TAGATZ, M.S., J.M. IVEY, C.E. OAL8C, AND J.L. OGLESBY. 1982. RESPONSES OF
DEVELOPING . ESTUARINE MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES TO DRILLING MUDS. ESTUARIES.
5C2):i31-137. (ERL,GS 413).
THE EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUD ON DEVELOPMENT OF ESTUA3INE MACROBENTHIC
COMMUNITIES, WHICH RESULT FROM SETTLING PLANKTONIC LARVAE* . WERE
ASSESSED BY COMPARING NUMBER AND SPECIES OF ANIMALS THAT GREW IN
UNCONTAMINAT5D AND CONTAMINATED AQUARIA FOR 3 WEEKS, AQUARIA CONTAINED
SAND AND WERE CONTINUOUSLY SUPPLIED WITH UNFILTERED SEAWATER. SEVEN
DRILLING MUDS, OBTAINED FROM AN ACTIVE EXPLORATORY PLATFORM IN
ESTUARINE WATERS, WERE TESTED CONSECUTIVELY AT NOMINAL CONCENTRATIONS
OF 0.5, 5, AND 50 PARTS PER MILLION. NUMBERS OF CHQRDATES, MOLLUSKS,
AND ANNELIDS PER AQUARIUM WERE SIGNIFICANTLY (A=0.05) DECREASED FROM
CONTROL NUMBERS IN 50 PPM. A TOTAL OF 13 SPECIES OCCURRED IN 50 PPM
COMPARED TO 23 SPECIES IN EACH OF THE OTHER SITUATIONS. GROWTH IN
DIAMETER OF MOLGULA MANHATTENSIS WAS AFFECTED IN ALL CONCENTRATIONS OF
MUD, THE PERCENTAGE OF LARGE INDIVIDUALS BEING SIGNIFICANTLY LESS THAN
IN THE CONTROL.
THOMPSON, JACK H., AND THOMAS J. BRIGHT. 1980- EFFECTS OF AN OFFSHORE
DRILLING FLUID ON SELECTED CORALS. IN: SYMPOSIUM: RESEARCH ON
ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS AND CUTTINGS, JAN, 21-24,
1980, LAKE BUSNA VISTA, FL., VOL. 2, AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE,
WASHINGTON, DC.. PP. 1044-1Q78. CERL,G3 X227*).
SEVEN SPECIES OF CORAL, DICHOCGENIA STOKESII, NONTASTRSA ANNULARIS,
AGARCIA AGARICITcS, ACROPORA CERVICDRNISt PQ3ITES FURCATA, P.
ASTREQIDS, AND P. DIVARICATA, WERt EXPERIMENTALLY EXPOSED TO EACH OF
THREE CONCENTRATIONS (100, 316, 100 1/1) Or DRILLING MUD (OBTAINED
FROM AN OFFSHORE OIL WELLIN THE GULF OF MEXICO), AND CONTROL SEA WATER
FOR 96 HOURS TO OBSERVE BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES. EXPERIMENTS WERE
CONDUCTED AT CARYSFORT REEF, FLORIDA KEYS, USING CLOSED AQUARIA
LOCATED IN THREE METERS OF WATER. POLYP BEHAVIOR WAS DETERMINED WITH
SERIAL CLOSEUP PHOTOGRAPHY WHICH ALLOWED COUNTING OF RETRACTED,
PARTIALLY RETRACTED, AND NON-RETRACTED POLYPS IN EACH COLONY. RESPONSE
TO DRILLING MUD CONCENTRATIONS WAS MEASURED AS PERCENT OF POLYPS
RETRACTED. MONTASTREA ANNULARIS, AGARICIA AGARICITES, AND' ACROPORA
CERVICDRNIS WERE KILLED 3Y EXPOSURE TO 1,000 UL/L MUD. A. CERVICORNIS
COLONIES SURVIVED THIS CONCENTRATION IN A REPLICATE EXPERIMENT. ALL
CORALS EXCEPT DICHOCOENIA STOKESII AND PQRITES DIVARICATA SHOWED
SIGNIFICANT (LESS THAN .05) POLYP RETRACTION DURING.EXPOSURE TO 100
1/1 MUD CONCENTRATION, 316 UL/L MUD WAS THE MINIMUM CONCENTRATION
WHICH INDUCED SIGNIFICANT POLY? RETRACTION IN PQRITES DIVARICATA.
POLYPS DF DICHQCDENIA STOKESII DID NOT DET5CTA3LY REACT TO ANY OF THE
THREE CONCENTRATIONS.
PAGE 63
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THOMPSQNt JACK HARRELL, JR. I960. RESPONSES Or SELECTED SCLERACTINIAN
CORALS TO DRILLING FLUIDS USED IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT. PH.D.
DISSERTATION. TEXAS A£M UNIVERSITY, COLLEGE STATION, TX, 13QP.. CERL»GB
X315*).
ELEVEN SPECIES OF SCLSRACTINIAN CORALS CAGARICIA AGARICITES, ACROPORA
CERVlCORNISt PORITES ASTREOIDES, P. DIVARICATA, P. FURCATA, MADRACIS
MIRASILIS, M. DECATIS, MDNTASTREA ANNULARIS, M. CAVERNQSA, DIPLQRIA
STRIGQSA, AND OICHDCOENIA STOKESII) HAVE BEEN EXPOSED TO SEVERAL
LAYERED AND SUSPENDED DRILLING FLUIDS COLLECTED FROM EXPLORATORY
DRILLING PLATFORMS IN THE GULF OF MEXICO, OR TO INDIVIDUAL DRILLING
FLUID COMPONENTS. QUANTIFIED RESPONSE PARAMETERS INCLUDE RATE OF
SEDIMENT REMOVAL AND POLYP CONTRACTION. OTHER STRESS RESPONSES HAVE
BEEN QUALITATIVELY MEASURED. CLOSE-UP TIME LAPSE MOVIE PHOTOGRAPHY HAS
BEEN USED IN THE LABORATORY AND UNDERWATER IN CONJUNCTION WITH STILL
PHOTOGRAPHY AND DIRECT OBSERVATION TO RECORD THE APPROPRIATE
RESPONSES. TIME LAPSE MOVIES IN PARTICULAR HAVE PROVEN USEFUL IN
PROVIDING A LARGE, READILY QUANTIFIABLE DATA BASE WHICH PERMITS SMALL
SHIFTS IN CORAL POLYP 3EHAVIDR TO 3E DISCERNED. A COMBINATION OF FIELD
ANO LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS HAVE REVEALED THAT 1) VERY HIGH
CONCENTRATIONS OF SGME DRILLING FLUIDS CAN IMPAIR THE SEDIMENT REMOVAL
ABILITY OF SOME CORALS; 2) AVERAGE DAILY POLYP EXPANSION. MAY BE
REDUCED BY EXPOSURE TO LOW CONCENTRATIONS OF DRILLING FLUID IN
SEAWATER RANGING FROM LESS THAN I MICRO L/L TO GREATER THAN 1,000
MICRO L/L, DEPENDING ON THE SPECIES OF CORAL BEING EXPOSED AND THE
PARTICULAR DRILLING FLUID USED; 3) DEATH (TO SOME OR ALL INDIVIDUALS
OCCURRED WITHIN 96 HOURS WHEN 3 SPECIES CMONTASTREA ANNULARIS,
AGARICIA AGARICITES, ANO ACROPORA CERVICORNIS) WERE EXPOScD TO 1,000
MICRO L/L OF ONE DRILL MUD, FOUR OTHER SPECIES CPOSITES OIVARICATA, P.
FURCATA, P. ASTREOIDES, AND DICHOCOENIA STOKESII EXPERIENCED NO
MORTALITY AT THIS CONCENTRATION, WHICH WAS THE HIGHEST USED IN ANY OF
THE SUSPENDED DRILLING MUD EXPERIMENTS. EFFECTS OF CHRONIC (GREATER
THAN 30 DAYS) EXPOSURE TO DRILLING FLUIDS HAVE NOT BEEN INVESTIGATED.
SENSITIVITY OF DIFFERENT SPECIiS OF CORAL WAS SEEN TO BE AT LEAST
PARTIALLY RELATED TO THEIR NORMAL ECOLOGICAL NICHES. THOSE SPECIES
NORMALLY FOUND IN AREAS WHICH EXPERIENCE CONSIDERABLE' EXPOSURE TO
RESUSPENDED SEDIMENTS WERE GENERALLY ALSO FOUND TO 8E MORE TOLERANT TO
SUSPENDED DRILLING FLUIDS. FOR EXAMPLE, DICHQCOENIA STOKESII WAS NOT
SIGNIFICANTLY AFFECTED BY 1,000 MICRO L/L OF DRILLING MUD* WHILE
MONTASTREA ANNULASIS WAS AFFECTED BY 100 MICRO L/L OF THE SAME MUD,
AND KILLED WITHIN 96 HOURS BY 1,000 MICRO L/L MUD. TOXICITY OF
INDIVIDUAL DRILLING FLUIDS APPEARS TO VASY 100 FOLD OR MORE. SOME
DRILLING' FLUIDS INDUCE BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES AT RATHER HIGH 'DILUTIONS
CIO C4>-10 (6>: 13. A POTENTIAL FOR SU3LETHAL EFFECTS ON CORAL FROM
DRILLING FLUID DISCHARGES APPEARS TO EXIST WHEN THESE DISCHARGES OCCUR
UPSTREAM OF A NEARBY REEF ANO NO AMELIORATING MEASURES ARE EMPLOYED.
PAGE 64
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WHITEt DAVID C., JANET S. NIC
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WHITE, D.C., R.J. BOBBIE, J.S. NICKELS, S.D. FAZIO, AND W.M. DAVIS. 1980.
NONSELECTIVS BIOCHEMICAL METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF FUNGAL MASS AND
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IM'ESTUARINt DETRITAL MICRGFLORA. BOT. MAR.
23C4):239-250, CERL,G6 X128*).
ASSAY OF LIPID AND CELL WALL COMPONENTS CAN READILY PROVIDE
DIFFERENTIATION IN RECIPROCAL MIXTURES OF 3ACTERIA AND FUNGAL
MONOCULTURES. TO TEST NATURAL MICROBIAL ASSEMBLIES, SMALL PLASTIC
SHEETS WERE EXPOSED IN A SUBTROPICAL ESTUARY. THE SHEETS WERE THEN
TRANSFERRED TO A LABORATORY WHERE ESTUARINE ENVIRONMENTS THAT INHIBIT
PROKARYOTIC GROWTH AND STIMULATED FUNGAL GROWTH WERE COMPARED WITH AND
ENVIRONMENT WHERE EUKARYOTIC GROWTH WAS INHIBITED AND PROKARYOTIC
GROWTH WAS STIMULATED. THE MORPHOLOGY DETERMINED BY SCANNING' ELECTRON
MICROSCOPY SHOWED TYPICAL MYCELIAL NETWORKS WHERE EUKARYOTlC GROWTH
WAS STIMULATED AND NONE WHERE INHIBITED. THE STIMULATION OF EUKARYOTIC
GROWTH PRODUCED A GREATER BIOMASS MEASURED IN TERMS OF*LIPID
PHOSPHATE, RESPIRATORY ACTIVITY OR EXTRACTABLE ADENOSINE NUCLEQTIDES,
BUT WITH A SLOWER SYNTHESIS OF PHQSPHOLIPIOS AND DNA AND A SMALLER
CONCENTRATION ON MURAMAIC AGIO (A UNIQUE PROKARYDTE WALL COMPONENT).
THE STIMULATION OF EUKARYOTIC GROWTH INCREASED THE RATE OF SULPHOLIPID
SYNTHESIS RELATIVE TO DNA OR PHOSPHOLIPID SYNTHESIS.'
WHITE, DAVID C. 1982. BIOCHEMICAL DETERMINATION OF SlOMASS AND COMMUNITY
STRUCTURE OF ESTUARINE DETRITAL AND SEDIMENTARY MICROBIOTA. IN: IMPACT OF
XENOBIOTIC CHEMICALS ON MICROBIAL ECOSYSTEMS, U.S. FISH WILDL. SERV. TECH.
PAP. NO. 107. U.S. rISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, WASHINGTON," DC. PP. 22-28.
CERL.GB X375*}.
SEDIMENTARY MICROBIAL SlOMASS, METABOLIC ACTIVITY, NUTRITIONAL STATUS,
AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE WERE DETERMINED 3Y THE ANALYSIS OF EXTRACTABLE
LIPIOS AND HYDROLYSIS PRODUCTS OF THE LIPIO EXTRACTED RESIDUE. THESE
METHODS HAVE BEEN VALIDATED BY ANALYSIS OF MIXTURES OF MICROBIAL
MONOCULTURES; BY COMPARISONS WITH MONOCULTURES ISOLATED FROM MICROSIAL
ASSEMBLIES; BY SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC ANALYSIS OF DETRITAL
MICROBIAL ASSEMBLIES MANIPULATED WITH ANTIBIOTICS, NUTRIENTS, AND"
LIGHT; AND BY MEASUREMENTS OF THE EFFECTS OF GRAZING BY SELECTIVE-
DEPOSIT FEEDING INVERTEBRATES. THESE METHODS HAVE SHOWN THAT MG/L
CONCENTRATIONS OF XENOBIOTICS IN FLUIDS USED IN OIL AND GAS WELL
DRILLING SIGNIFICANTLY MODIFY THE BIOMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF
MICRQBIAL ASSEMBLIES COLDNIZ-ING MARINE SAND, SUCH METHODS ENABLE
ESTIMATION OF VALIDITY OF THE USE OF MICROCOSM TEST SYSTEMS IN
PREDICTING THE IMPACTS OF XENOBIOTICS IN TH-E FIELD. THESE METHODS
COULD GREATLY STRENGTHEN THE LEGAL APPLICA3LILITY OF THE DATA FOR USE
3Y REGULATORY AGENCIES IN PROTECTION ESTUARINE ECOSYSTEMS.
PAGE 66
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WIERNICKI, C. 1984. ASSIMILATION EFFICIENCY BY PROCAMBARUS CLARKII FED
ELODEA (EGERA DENSA) AND ITS PRODUCTS OF DECOMPOSITION- AQUACULTURE-
36C3):203-215.
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KEYWORD TITLE INDEX
PAGE 68
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KEYWORD TITLE INDEX P I
A T
G E
£ M
A
ABDOMINAL MUSCLE OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO: RELATION TO 7- 1
ACCUMULATION TISSUE DISTRIBUTION AND DEPURATION OF 8£NZO(A)PYRENE'AND 33- 2
ACID-POOL DURING ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS IN THE GILL TISSUE OF THE OYSTER 49- 3
" METHYL ESTERS /.CHARACTERIZATION OF SENTHIC MICRQBI.AL COMMUNITY S 3-1
« POOL OF THE CORAL ACROPORA CERVICQRNIS /.EFFECT OF EIGHT OUTER CO 49- 2
11 POOL OF ACROPORA CERVICORNIS. M.S. THESIS /.EFFECTS OF DRILL MUD 14- 1
11 POOLS OF TWO NEREID POLYCHAETES, NEANTHES SUCCINEA AND LEQNEREIS 39- 2.
" ASSAY IN SEDIMENTS /tMURAMIC 30- 3
« POOL /iRECOVERY BY TH£ CORAL ACRQPQRA CERVICDRNIS AFTER DRILLING 50- 1
ACIDS FROM LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE LIPID A, FOR GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA IN S 46- 2
ACROPORA.CERVICORNIS /.EFFECT OF EIGHT OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF DRILLIN 49- 2
11 CERVICORNIS. M.S. THESIS /, EFFECTS OF DRILL MUD ON'THE FREE 14- 1
" CERVICQSNIS, WITH COMMENTS ON METHODS OF NORMALIZATION FOR CO 38- 1
11 CERVICORNIS: CALCIFICATION RATE AND PROTEIN CONCENTRATION. 38- 2
" CERVICORNIS AFTER SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE TO GRILLING MUDS: CALC 39- 1
11 CtRVICORNIS AFTER DRILLING MUD EXPOSURE. THE FREE AMINO ACIO 50- 1
ACUTE AND SUBLETHAL EFFECTS OF WHOLE USED DRILLING FLUIDS ON REPRESENT- 56- 1
" TQXICITY OF EIGHT LABORATORY-PREPARED GENERIC DRILLING'FLUIDS TO 28- 3
ADftPTIVE'.ENVlRONMENTAL .ASSESSMENT MODELING WORKSHOP CONCERNING POTENTI 1- 2
ADDED DRILLING MUDS TO LARVAE OF THE GSASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES INTERM 10- 3
ADENOSINE NUCLEQTIDE DERIVATIVES AS MEASURES OF THE MICROFOULING, DETR 17- 1
ALLOCHTHONOUS DETRITUS /.EFFECTS OF GRAZING BY ESTUARINE GAMMARIOEAN'A 42- 2
AMERICAN LOBSTER /.DRILLING FLUID EFFECTS TO DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF T 10- 2
" LOBSTER, HOMARUS AMERICANUS* IN WATER COLUMN AND SUBSTRATE EX 1- 1
AMERICANUS /,BEHAVIOR AND SUBSTRATE SELECTION DURING LARVAL SETTLING I 5- 2
" IN WATER COLUMN AND SUBSTRATE EXPOSURES /,EFFECTS OF DRILL 1- 1
" /.INFLUENCE OF DRILLING MUDS ON THE PRIMARY CHEMQSENSORY NE 17- 2
«' TASTE SPECIALIST /., NARROW-SPECTRUM CHEMGRECE PTOR CELLS IN 18- 1
AMINO ACID POOL DURING ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS IN THE GILL TISSUE OF THE 49- 3
" ACID POOL OF THE CORAL ACRQPQRA CERVICORNIS /.EFFECT OF EIGHT QU 49- 2
" ACID POOL OF ACROPORA CERVICDRNIS. M.S. THESIS /,£FFECTS OF DRI 14- 1
" ACID POOLS OF TWO NEREID PuLYCHAETES. NEANTHES SUCCINEA AND LEON 39- 2
11 ACID POOL /.RECOVERY BY THE CORAL ACROPORA CERVICORNIS AFTER DRI 5.0- 1
AMPHIPODS ON THE MICR03IOTA OF ALLOCHTHONOUS DETRITUS /.EFFECTS OF GRA 42- 2
ANNULARIS /.EFFECT OF WELL-DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS 47- 1
11 /.EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUD ON THE REEF-BUILDING CORAL MQNTAST 18- 3
" GROWTH ON'THE EAST FLOWER GARDENS BANK, NORTHWEST GULF OF M 19- 2
"• /.PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF OIL-DRILLING MUDS ON THE CARIBBEA 58- 2
ANTENNAL GLAND, MIOGUT, HEPATQPANCREAS, AND GILL OF GRASS SHRIMP FOLLO 26- 1
" GLANDS, HEPATOPANCREAS, AND MIDGUT OF GRASS SHRIMP EXPOSED TO 24- 1
ANTHRACENEIIN THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO /.ACCUMULATION, TIS 33- 2
AQUATIC TQXICITY OF DRILLING FLUIDS: RECENT FINDINGS CA3STRACT) 55- 2
" POLLUTANT TOXICITY TO CRUSTACEANS /, MOLT-RELATED SUSCePTIBILIT .52- 2
ARGOPECTEN IRRAQIANS /,EFFECTS OF WHOLE DRILLING'MUD AND SELECTED CQMP 37- 2
ASSAY IN SEDIMENTS /.MURAMIC ACIO 30- 3
" BASED ON HYDROXY FATTY ACIDS FROM LIPOPOLYSACCHARlOE LIPID A, F 46- 2
ASSAYS FOR EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUDS ON MARINE ANIMALS /.BEHAVIORAL 37- 1
ASSEMBLIES IN ESTUARINE MUD FLAT SEDIMENTS /,SPATIAL DISTRI8UTION OF B 32- 1
ASSIMILATION'EFFICIENCY 3Y PROCAMBARUS CLARKII FED ELODEA CEGERA DENSA 67- 1
ATPASE FROM THE HEPATOPANCREAS Or THE 8LUE CRAB, CALLINECTES SAPIOUS'/ 34- 1
AXONEHES ASSOCIATED WITH.THE SLOUGHING AND REFORMATION OF THE DUCTUL? 21- 1
B
BACILLUS. MEGATERIUM /.POLYMERIC 3ETA-HYDROXYALKANOATES FROM ENVIRONMEN 33- 1
BACTERIA.IN SEDIMENTS /.SENSITIVE ASSAY, BASED ON HYOROXY FATTY ACIDS 46- 2
BAHIA) /,ACUTE TOXICITY OF EIGHT LABORATORY-PREPARED GENERIC DRILLING 28- 3
BANKi NORTHWEST GULF Or MEXICO /.ENVIRONMENTAL CORRELATES OF HERMATYPI 19- 2
" DRILLING FLUIDS PROJECT (UNPUBLISHED) /.FINAL REPORT ON THE FLOWE 51- 1
" ENVIRONMENT: PROGRESS REPORT NO. 2 /.STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF DISC 35- 2
PAGE '69
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KEYWORD TITLE INDEX P I
& T
G E
t M
B
BANKS GULF OF MEXICO /.STRUCTURE OF SOFT-BOTTOM BENTHIC COMMUNITIES IN 67- 2
BARITE/fBARIUM, STRONTIUM AND CALCIUM LEVELS IN THE EXOSKELETDN, HEPA 7- 1
" (8AS04) ON DEVELOPMENT OF ESTUAJ?IN£ COMMUNITIES /,EFFECT OF 60- 2
" ON MEIOFAUNA IN A FLOW-THROUGH EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEM /,EFFECT QF IQ- 1
" AND USED ORILL.ING MUDS ON CRUSTACEANS* vJITH PARTICULAR REFERENC 12- 1
BARIUNi STRONTIUM AND CALCIUM LEVELS IN THE EXOSKELETON, HEPATOpANCREA 7- 1
11 STRONTIUM AND CALCIUM IN THE EXOSKEUETAL AND SOFT TISSUES OF T 6- 1
" SULFATE ON SEA URCHIN FERTILIZATION AND EARLY DEVELOPMENT /,EFF 56- 2
11 SULFATE ON SEA URCHIN FERTILIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT (UNPU3LISHE 57- 1
BASQ4) ON DEVELOPMENT DF ESTUARINE COMMUNITIES /,EFFcCT OF BARITS C 60- 2
BAY SCALLOP, ARGOPECTEN IRRADIANS /,EFFECTS OF WHOLE DRILLING MUD AND 37- 2
BEHAVIOR AND.SU3ST3ATE SELECTION DURING LARVAL SETTLING IN THE LOBSTER 5- 2
« OF THE AMERICAN LOBSTER, HOMASUS AMERICANOS, IN WATER COLUMN 1- 1
" Or JUVENILE RED HAKE, UROPHYCIS CHUSS (WAL3AUM) I. ESTA3LISHM 45" 2
" OF THE JUVENILE RED HAKE, UROPHYCIS CHUSS CWILBAUM) II. EFFEC 46- 1
" IN THE SUPRALITTORAL ISOPOD LIGIA EXOTICA (CRUSTACEA: ONISCO 30- 2
BEHAVIORAL ASSAYS FOR EFFECTS QF DRILLING MUDS ON MARINE ANIMALS 37- 1
" BASELINES: PROGRESS REPORT U9so) /,EFFECTS OF DRILLING MU 45- 2
" BAScLINcS: PROGRESS REPORT C1981).(UNPUBLISHED REPORT) /,E 46- 1
BENTHIC MICR03IAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE BY HIGH RESOLUTION GAS CHROMATOG 3- 1
" COMMUNITIES IN THE VICINITY OF THE TEXAS FLOWER GARDEN BANKS G 67- 2
BENTHOS ON PHYSICAL PROPERTIES QF SEDIMENTS: A SUCCESSIONS PERSPECTI 55- 1
BENZCA)ANTHRAC£NE IN THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALftEMQNETES PUGIO /,ACCUMULATI 33- 2
BENZQCA)?YRENE AND 8ENZCAJANTHRACENE IN THS GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES 33- 2
BETA^HYDROXYALKANOATSS FROM ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES AND 3ACILLUS NEGATER 33- 1
BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF THE RESPONSE DF THE MARINE MICROFOULING COMMUN 2- 1
M DETERMINATION DF BIOMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF ESTUAR 66- 2
" MEASURES Or CORAL METABOLIC ACTIVITY, NUTRITIONAL STATUS A 65- 1
11 METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION Or FUNGAL MASS AND COMMUNITY 66- 1
" INVESTIGATIONS OF THE TOXICITY OF PENTACHLOROPHENOL TO CSU 53- 2
" PARAMETERS INDICATING BIOMASS AND COMMUNITY COMPOSITION OF 32- 1
BIOCIOE /,ULTRASTRUCTURAL AND HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF DEGENERATIVE CHANG 25- 1
BIOCIDES TO DEVELOPING ESTUARINE MACR03ENTHIC COMMUNITIES /.TOXICITY 0 62- 1
" /,ULTRAST8UCTURAL AND HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF DEGENERATIVE CHAN 24- 1
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS Or OIL WELL DRILLING FLUIDS IN THE MARINE ENVIRONME 43- 1
BIOHASS ANO COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF ESTUARIHE OETRITAL AND SEDIMENTARY 66- 2
" AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF ESTUARINE DETRITAL MICROBIQTA /,EFF 4- 1
" AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF COLONIZING MARINE MICR08IOTA /,5FFE 45- 1
" ANO COMMUNITY STRUCTURE QF MICROBIOTA THAT COLONIZE SANDS IN R 58- 1
" AND PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS /,FLUOROMETRIC DETERMINATION OF AOENO 17- 1
" COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF MICRO-BIOTA /.PRESERVATION OF ESTUARINE 31- 1
n AND COMMUNITY COMPOSITION DF MICR03IAL ASSEMBLIES IN ESTUARINE 32- 1
BIOTURBATIQN:AND P.REDATION BY MELLITA QUINQUIESPERFORATA ON SEDIMENTAR 65- 2
BLACK GILLS IN GRASS SHRIMP EXPOSED TO A DITHIOCARBAMATE BIOCIDE /,ULT 25- 1
BLUE'CRAB, CALLINECTES SAplDUS /.CHARACTERISTICS OF A CAC2+) -ACTIVATE 34- 1
« ' CRAB, CALLINECTES SAPIDUS, UNDER DIFFERENT OSMOTIC CONDITIONS /,£ 7- 3
'" CRAB, CALLINECTES SAPIDUS /.EFFECTS OF SOOIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE 34- 2
BOTTO« BENTHIC COMMUNITIES.IN THE VICINITY OF THt TEXAS FLOWER GARDEN 67- 2
BRANCHIAL UNICELLULAR GLANDS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETes PUGIO / 21- 2
" PODOCYTES IN THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIQ /,SYNCYTIA 22- 1
BUILDINGS CORAL MONTASTSE.A ANNULARIS //EFFECT OF WELL-DRILLING FLUIDS 0 47- 1
" CORAL MONTASTREA ANNULARIS /,EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUD ON THE R 18- 3
11 CORALS WITHIN AND EXTERNAL TO A NAVAL ORDINANCE RANGE: VIEQU 19- 1
C
CAC2+) -ACTIVATED ATPASE FROM THE HEPATOPANCREAS OF THE BLUE CRAB, CAL 34- 1
CALCIFICATION RATE AND FREE AMINQ ACID POOL OF THE CORAL ACROPQRA CERV 49- 2
" RATE AND PROTEIN CONCENTRATION. PH.D. DISSERTATION /,EF 38- 2
" RATE AND PROTEIN CONCENTRATION /,IMPORTANCE OF MQNITQRIN 39- 1
PAGE 70
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KEYWORD TITLE INDEX P I
A T
G £
E M
C
CALCIUM LEVELS IN THE EXOSKELETON, HEPATOPANCREAS AND ABDOMINAL MUSCLE 7- 1
11 IN THE EXOSKELETAL AND SOFT TISSUES OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAE 6- 1
" IN THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMQNETES PUGIG /,EFFECT OF SODIUM PEN 6- 2
CALLINECTES SAP.IOUS /.CHARACTERISTICS OF A CAC2O -ACTIVATED ATPASE FR . 34- 1
" SAPIOUS, UNDER DIFFERENT OSMOTIC CONDITIONS /,EFFECTS OF P 7-3
11 SAPIDU5 /,EFFECTS OF SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE AND 2,4-OIN 34- 2
« SAPIDUS /.EFFECTS OF SOLUBLE FRACTIONS Or USED LIGHT-WEIGH 4- 2
" SAPIDUS /,EFFECTS OF SOLUBLE FRACTIONS OF DRILLING FLUIDS 5- I
CARIBBEAN CORAL MONTASTREA ANNULARIS /.PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF OIL-DR 58- 2
CELLS IN.THE WALKING.LEGS OF THE LOBSTER HOMARUS AMERICANUS: TASTE SP 18- 1
CERVICORNIS /,EFFECT Or EIGHT OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF DRILLING MUDS ON 49- 2
" M.S. THESIS /.EFFECTS OF DRILL MUD ON THE FREE AMINQ ACI 14- 1
11 WITH COMMENTS ON METHODS OF NORMALIZATION FOR CORAL DATA 38- 1
M CALCIFICATION SATE AND PROTEIN CONCENTRATION. PH.D. DIS 38- 2
" - AFTER SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE TO DRILLING MUDS: CALCIFICATION 39- 1
" AFTER DRILLING MUD EXPOSURE. THE FREE AMINO ACID POOL /,RE 50- 1
CHARACTERIZATION OF 3ENTHIC MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE 3Y HIGH RESO 3- 1
CHEMICAL.ANALYSIS REFERENCE VOLUME /.DRILL MUD ASSESSMENT 57- 2
" ANALYSIS REFERENCE VOLUME {PROJECT SUMMARY) /,DRILL.MUD ASSES 57- 3
11 COMPOSITIONS OF USEO DRILLING MUDS: DATA SUMMARY, JANUARY 1, 36^ 1
11 COMPOSITION OF USED DRILLING MUDS /.SURVEY OF THE TOXICITY AN 44- 1
« COMPOSITIONS OF USED DRILLING MUDS: PROGRESS REPORT NO. 3 CF 35- 3
CHEMORECEPTOR CELLS IN THE WALKING LEGS OF THE LOBSTER HQM5RUS AMERICA 18- 1
CHEMOSENSORY,NEURONS.IN WALKING LEGS OF THE LOBSTER, HOMARUS AMERICANU 17- 2
CHUOROPHENOLS: STUDIES ON THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO /,COMPA 54- 1
CHROHATQGRAPHY OF FATTY ACID'METHYL ESTERS /.CHARACTERIZATION DF 8ENTH 3- 1
CHROMIUM AND.PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS /.COMPARATIVE TOXICITY OF DRILLING 13- 1
11 /.CUTICULAR LESIONS INDUCED IN GRASS SHRIMP EXPOSED TO HEXAVA 23- 2
" DM THE COMPLETE LARVAL DEVELOPMENT OF CRABS, RHITHROPANOPEUS 4- 2
" /.HISTQPATHOLQGICAL AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE ANTENN 26- 1
11 PENTACHLOROPHENOL, AND DITHIOCAR8 AMATES / ,HISTOPATHOLOGICAL 52- 1
" TO THE GRASS SHRIMP PALAEMONETES PUGIO /,PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HI 52- 3
CHUSS CWAL5AUM) I. ESTABLISHMENT OF BEHAVIORAL BASELINES: PROGRESS RE 45- 2
11 CWILBAUM) II. EFFECTS ON ESTABLISHMENT BEHAVIORAL BASELINES: PR 46- 1
CILIARY STRUCTURES IN THE BRANCHIAL UNICELLULAR GLANDS OF TH.E GRASS SH 21- 2
« PROCESSES 3Y CYTQPLASMIC PROCESSES IN RELATION TO GLAND MATURA 23~ 1
11 AXONEMES ASSOCIATED WITH THE SLOUGHING AND. REFORMATION OF THE 21- 1
CLARKII rED ELODEA (EGERA DENSA) AND ITS PRODUCTS OF DECOMPOSITION /,A 67- 1
CLEANING PROCEDURES DESIGNED TO MAINTAIN HEAT TRANSFER EFFICIENCY /,BI 2~ 1
COLONIZE.SANDS IN SUNNING SEAWATER /,EFFECTS OF OIL AND GAS WELL-DRILL 58- 1
COLONIZING MARINE MICR03IOTA /.EFFECT OF SILICATE GRAIN SHAPE, STRUCTU 45- 1
" ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS CONTAMINATED WITH DRILLING MUD CONTAINI 59- 2
COLUMN AND SUBSTRATE EXPOSURES /.EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUDS ON BEHAVIOR 1- 1
COMMUNITIES /.EFFECT OF 3ARITE C8AS04) ON DEVELOPMENT OF ESTUARINE 60- 2
" ESTABLISHED IN AN EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEM /.EFFECT OF PENTftCHL 7- 2
" /.EFFECTS OF A LIGNOSULFONATE-TYPE DRILLING MUO ON DEVELOP 61- 1
" /.EFFECTS OF DOWICIDE G-ST ON DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL 61- 2
11 /.EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUO ON DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL E 62- 2
" /.EFFECTS OF PENTACHLOROPHENOL ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ESTUA 60- 1
111 TO DRILLING MUDS /.RESPONSES OF DEVELOPING ESTUARINE MACRO 63- 1
11 IN THE VICINITY OF THE TEXAS FLOWED GARDEN BANKS GULF OF M 67- 2
» /.TOXICITY OF DRILLING-MUD BIOCIDES TD DEVELOPING ESTUARIN 62- 1
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE TO CLEANING PROCEDURES DESIGNED TO MAINTAIN HEAT T 2-1
• STRUCTURE OF ESTUARINE DETRITAL AND SEDIMENTARY MICROBIOTA / 66- 2
" STRUCTURE BY HIGH RESOLUTION GAS CHRQMATOGRAPHY OF FATTY ACI 3- 1
" STRUCTURE Or ESTUARINE DETRITAL MICRDBIOTA /.EFFECT OF LIGHT 4- 1
11 STRUCTURE OF COLONIZING MARINE MICROBIOTA /.EFFECT OF SILICA 45- 1
" STRUCTURE /.EFFECTS OF BIQTURBATION AND PREDATION BY MELLITA 65- 2
PAGE 71
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COMMUNITY
n
it
COMPONENTS
n
II
*l
II
KEYWORD TITLE INDEX
c
STRUCTURE OF MICROBIOTA THAT COLONIZE SANDS IN RUNNING SEAWA
STRUCTURE IN ESTUARINE DETRITAL MICROFLORA /.NQNSELECTIVE 31
11 STRUCTURE OF MICROBIOTA /.PRESERVATION OF cSTUARINE SEDIMENT
11 COMPOSITION OF MICROBIAL ASSEMBLIES IN ESTUARINE MUD FLAT SE
COMPARATIVE TOXICITY OF WASTE DRILLING FLUIDS TO A CRUSTACEAN CPALAEMO
" TOXICITY OF DRILLING MUDS: ROLE OF CHROMIUM AND PETROLEUM
» TOXICITY OF OFFSHORE AND OIL-ADDED DRILLING MUDS TO LARVAE
" TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY OF CHLOROPHENOLS: STUDIES ON T
11 ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THREE TYPES OF TEGUMENTAL GLANDS IN THE
MORPHOLOGY, CYCLICAL ACTIVITY, AND INNERVATION /.ROSETTE G
ON THE SHELL MOVEMENTS OF THE BAY SCALLOP, ARGOPECTEN IRRAD
IN TERRESTRIAL AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS: A LITERATURE REV
COMPOSITION OF MICROBIAL ASSEMBLIES IN ESTUARINE MUD FLAT SEDIMENTS /,
11 OF USED DRILLING MUDS /.SURVEY OF THE TOXICITY AND CHEMICA
COMPOSITIONS .OF USED DRILLING MUDS: DATA SUMMARY, JANUARY 1, 1983 CUN
" OF USED DRILLING MUDS: PROGRESS REPORT NO. 3 CFOR THE PE
CONSUMPTION OF TISSUES FROM THE BLUE CRAB, CALLINECTES SAPIDUS, UNDER
CONTAMINATED WITH DRILLING MUD CONTAINING DIESEL OIL /,RESPONSES OF MA
CONTINENTAL SHELF DRILLING MUDS ON THE CALCIFICATION RATE AND FREE AMI
CORAL METABOLIC ACTIVITY, NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND MICROBIAL INFECTION W
ACROPOSA CERVICORNIS /,EFFECT OF EIGHT OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF D
MONTASTREA ANNULARIS /,EFFECT DF WELL-DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE PHY
MONTASTREA ANNULARIS /.EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUD ON THE REEF-BUILD
DATA /,EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS CMUDS) AND TURBIDITY ON THE GR
ACROPORA CERVICORNIS, WITH COMMENTS ON METHODS DF NORMALIZATION
ACROPORA CERVICORNIS: CALCIFICATION RATE AND PROTEIN CONCSNTRAT
CMONTASTREA ANNULARIS) GROWTH ON THE EAST FLOWER GARDENS BANK, N
ACROPORA CSRVICQRNIS AFTER SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE TD DRILLING MUDS:
MONTASTREA ANNULARIS /.PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS DF OIL-DRILLING MUD
ACRQPQ3A CERVICORNIS AFTER DRILLING MUD EXPOSURE. THE FREE AMINO
MAORACIS DSCACTIS EXPOSED TD DRILLING MUD ENRICHED WITH FERROCHR
MADRACIS DECACTIS EXPOSED TO DRILLING MUD ENRICHED WITH FERROCHR
/.EFFECTS OF AN OFFSHORE DRILLING FLUID ON SELECTED
A REVIEW /.EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON REEF
" WITHIN'AND EXTERNAL TO A NAVAL ORDINANCE RANGE: VIEQUES,"PUERT
« '/.PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUDS ON REEF
" TO DRILLING FLUIDS USED IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT, PH.D. DISSE
CORONA: SUBSPECIES CHARACTERISTIC OR SIZE RELATED? /,SHELL SPINATIQN
CORRELATES OF HERMATYPIC CORAL CMONTASTREA ANNULARIS) GROWTH ON THE EA
CRAB, CALLINECTES SAPIOUS /.CHARACTERISTICS OF A CAC2-O -ACTIVATED ATP
" CALLINECTES SAPIOUS, UNDER DIFFERENT OSMOTIC CONDITIONS /.EFFECT
" CALLINcCTES SAPIDUS /.EFFECTS OF SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE AND 2
CRABS, RHITHROPANOP.EUS HARRISII AND CALLINECTES SAPIOUS /,EFFECTS OF S
*» RHITHROPANOPEUS HAR8ISII AND CALLINECTES SAPIDUS /.EFFECTS OF S
CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA /.CHANGES IN THE FREE AMINO ACID POOL DURING ENV
CRUSTACEA:. ONISCQIDEA) /.ORIENTATION AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR IN THE"SUPRA
CRUSTACEAN CPALAEMONETES PUGIO) AND A FISH (CYPRINGDQN VARIEGATUS) CA8
CRUSTACEANS, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONET
11 /, EFFECTS OF SODIUM PE NTACHLOROPHENATE AND 2 ,4-DINITROPHEN
" /,HOLT-RELATED SUSCEPTIBILITY AND REGENERATIVE LIM3 GROWTH
11 /.PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THE TOXI
CULVER! /.EFFECTS OF SALINITY CHANGE ON THE FREE AMINQ ACID POOLS OF T
CUTICULAR LESIONS INDUCED IN GRASS SHRIMP EXPOSED TO HEXAVALENT CHROMI
CUTTINGS .ON THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT /.RESULTS OF AN ADAPTIVE ENVIRQNM5N
CYCLE. M.S. THESIS /.BARIUM, STRONTIUM AND CALCIUM IN THE EXOSKELET.AL
/,TOXICITY OF SODIUM PENTACHLORQPHENATE CNA-PCP) TO THE GRASS SH
/.TOXICITY OF SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHSNATS TO THE GRASS SHRIMP, PAL
/.ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES INDUCED BY SODIUM PENTACHLQROPHENATE I
PAGE 72
CORALS
it
n
n
p I
ft T
G E
6 M
58- 1
66- 1
31- 1
32- 1
13- 2
13- 1
10- 3
54- 1
20- 2
22- 2
37- 2
32- 2
32- 1
44- 1
36- 1
35- 3
7- 3
59- 2
49- 2
65- 1
49- 2
47- 1
18- 3
38- 1
38- 1
38- 2
19- 2
39- 1
58- 2
50- 1
40- 1
41- 1
63- 2
18- 2
19- 1
59- 1
64- 1
36- 2
19- 2
34- 1
7- 3
34- 2
4- 2
5- 1
49- 3
30- 2
13- 2
12- 1
9- 1
52- 2
53- 2
39- 2
23- 2
1- 2
6- 1
11- 1
11- 2
20- 1
-------
KEYWORD TITLE INDEX
P I
A T
G E
E M
DETRITAL
11
it
n
DETRITUS
DEVELOPING
n
CYCLI.CAL ACTIVITY, AND INNERVATIQN /.ROSETTE GLANDS IN THE GILLS OF TH 22- 2
CYCLING OF XEN08IOTICS THROUGH MARINE AND ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS 16- 1
CYPRINODON VARIEGATUS) (ABSTRACT) /.COMPARATIVE TOXICITY OF WASTE DRlL 13- 2
CYTOPLASMIC PROCESSES IN RELATION TO GLAND MATURATION /.ROSETTE GLANDS 23- 1
D
DATA:/.EFFECTS Or DRILLING FLUIDS (MUDS) AND TURBIDITY ON THE GROWTH A 38- 1
11 SUMMARY, JANUARY 1, 1983 (UNPUBLISHED) /.SURVEY OF THE TOXICITIES 36- 1
DECACTIS.EXPOSED TO DRILLING MUD ENRICHED WITH FERROCHROME LIGNOSULFON 40- 1
11 EXPOSED TO DRILLING MUD ENRICHED WITH FERROCHROME LIGNOSULFON 41- 1
DECOMPOSITION /.ASSIMILATION EFFICIENCY 3Y PROCAMBARUS CLARKII FED ELO 67- 1
DEGENERATIVE'CHANGES IN THt ANTENNAL GLANDS, HEPATOPANCREAS, AND MIDGU 24- 1
11 CHANGES LEADING TO SLACK GILLS IN GRASS SHRIMP EXPOSED TO 25- 1
DENSA) AND ITS PRODUCTS OF DECOMPOSITION /.ASSIMILATION EFFICIENCY BY 67- 1
DEPURATION OF 3ENZO(A)?YRENc AND BENZ(A)ANTHRACENE IN THE GRASS SHRIMP 33- 2
DERIVATIVES AS MEASURES OF THE MICRDFQULING. DETRITAL AND SEDIMENTARY 17- 1
DERMAL GLAND IN THE GILLS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO: OCC 21- 1
DESIGNED TO MAINTAIN HEAT TRANSFER EFFICIENCY /.BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS.0 2-1
DETERMINATION OF BIOMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF ESTUARINE DETRITAL 66- 2
11 OF ADENOSINE NUCLEOTIDE DERIVATIVES AS MEASURES OF THE M 17- 1
" OF FUNGAL MASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN ESTUARINE DETR 66- 1
AND SEDIMENTARY MICROBIOTA /.BIOCHEMICAL DETERMINATION OF BIO 66- 2
MICR08IQTA /.EFFECT OF LIGHT ON BIOMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTU 4- 1
AND SEDIMENTARY MICROBIAL BIOMASS AND PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS /, 17- 1
MICROFLQRA /.NONSSLECTIVE BIOCHEMICAL METHODS FOR THE DSTERMI 66- 1
/,EFFcCTS OF GRAZING 3Y ESTUARINE GAMMA3ID5AN AMPHIPODS ON TH 42- 2
ESTUARINE MftCROBcNTHIC COMMUNITIES TO DRILLING MUDS /.RESPO 63- 1
ESTUARINE MACROBE'NTHIC COMMUNITIES /.TOXICITY OF DRILLING-M 62- 1
DEVELOPMENT /.DRILLING FLUID EFFECTS ON TELEOST ANO ECHINOOERM 14- 2
11 OF ESTUARINE COMMUNITIES /.EFFECT OF 3ARITE (BAS04) ON 60- 2
11 OF A TELEOST AND AN ECHINODERM /,EFFECTS Or A DRILLING FLU 14- 3
" OF EXPERIMENTAL SSTUARINE MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES /,EFFEC 61- 1
11 /.EFFECTS OF BARIUM SULFATE ON SEA URCHIN FERTILIZATION AN 56- 2
" OF EXPERIMENTAL ESTUARINS MACROBcNTHIC COMMUNITIES /.EFFEC 61- 2
11 OF EXPERIMENTAL ESTUARINE MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES /,EFFEC 62- 2
11 /.EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON EMBRYO 15- 1
" OF ESTUARINE COMMUNITIES /.EFFECTS OF PENTACHLQROPHENOL ON 60- 1
" OF CRABS. RHITHROPANOPEUS HARRISII AND CALLINECTES SAPIDUS 4- 2
" OF.CRA3S, RHITHROPANOPEUS HARRISII AND CALLINECTES SAPIDUS 5- 1
" (UNPUBLISHED REPORT) /.PROJECT REPORT; EFFECTS OF BARIUM 57- 1
DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF THE AMERICAN LOBSTER /.DRILLING FLUID EFFECTS 10- 2
DIESEL OIL /.RESPONSES OF MACROBENTHOS COLONIZING ESTUARlNE SEDIMENTS 59- 2
DINITROPHENOL (DNP) ON THE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF TISSUES FROM THE BLUE 7- 3
" ON RESPIRATION IN CRUSTACEANS /,EFFECTS OF SODIUM PENTAC 9- 1
11 ON HEPATDPANCREATIC ENZYMES IN THE BLUE CR48, CALLINSCTE 34- 2
DISCHARGED DRILLING FLUIDS ON TH6 GEORGES BANK ENVIRONMENT: PROGRESS 35- 2
DISSERTATION /.EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS (MUDS) AND TUR3IDITY ON THE 38* 2
" /.RESPONSES OF SELECTED SCLERACTINIAN CORALS TO DRILLING 64- 1
AND DEPURATION OF 8£NZO(A)PYRcNE AND 3ENZ(A)ANTHRACENE IN 33- 2
OF THE SNAIL NERITINA RECLIVATA /,SQM£ FACTORS INFLUENCIN 42- 1
BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS INDICATING 3IOMASS AND CQMMUNIT 32- 1
TOXICITY TO THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONcTES PUGIO /.PHY 54- 2
3IOCIDSS /.ULTRASTRUCTURAL AND HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF D 24- 1
" BIDCIDE /.ULTRASTRUCTURAL AND HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF DE 25- 1
DITHIOCARBAMATES ON THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO: MQLT-RELATE 12- 2
11 /.HISTQPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN GRASS SHRIMP EXPOSED T 52- 1
DNP).ON THE OXYG5N CONSUMPTION OF TISSUES FROM THE BLUE CRAB, CALLINEC 7- 3
DOHICIDE G-ST ON DEVELOPMENT Or EXPERIMENTAL ESTUA3INE MACROBENTHIC CO 61- 2
DRILL MUD ASSESSMENT CHEMICAL ANALYSIS REFERENCE VOLUME 57- 2
PAGE 73
DISTRIBUTION.
N
" OF
DITHIOCARBAMATE
if
-------
KEYWORD TITLE INDEX P I
A T
G E
E M
D
DRILL MUD ASSESSMENT CHEMICAL ANALYSIS REFERENCE VOLUME (PROJECT SUMMA 57- 3
" MUD ON THE FREE AMINO ACID POOL OF ACRQPQRA CERVICORNIS. M.S.'T 14- 1
DRILLING.FLUIDS ON REPRESENTATIVE ESTUARINE ORGANISMS /,ACUT£ AND SU3L 56- 1
11 FLUIDS TO MYSIDS CMYSIDOPSIS 3AHIA) /.ACUTE TOXICITY OF EIGHT 28- 3
" FLUIDS: RECENT FINDINGS (ABSTRACT) /.AQUATIC TOXICITY OF 55- 2
" MUDS ON MARINE ANIMALS /.BEHAVIORAL ASSAYS FOR EFFECTS OF 37- 1
" FLUIDS /BIOCHEMICAL MEASURES OF CORAL METABOLIC ACTIVITY, NU 65- 1
11 FLUIDS TO A CRUSTACEAN CPALAEMONETES PUGIO) AND A FISH (CYPRI 13- 2
11 MUDS: ROLE OF CHROMIUM AND PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS /.CQMPARAT 13- 1
11 MUDS TO LARVAE OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES INTERMEOIUS 10- 3
11 FLUID EFFECTS ON TELEOST AND ECHINODERM DEVELOPMENT- 14- 2
" FLUID EFFECTS TO DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF TH£ AMERICAN LOBSTER 10- 2
" MUD RESEARCH—OVERSIGHT 48- 1
" MUDS ON THE CALCIFICATION RATE AND FREE AMINO ACID POOL OF TH 49- 2
11 FLUIDS ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS AND MICR06IAL INFECTION OF 47- 1
" FLUID ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF A TELEOST AND AN ECHINODERM /,EFF 14- 3
" MUD ON DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL ESTUARINE MACROBENTHIC COM 61- 1
" FLUID ON SELECTED CORALS /.EFFECTS OF AN OFFSHORE 63- 2
" MUDS ON CRUSTACEANS, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE GRASS'S 12- 1
" MUD ON THE REEF-SUILDING CORAL MONTASTREA ANNULARIS /.EFFECTS 18- 3
11 FLUIDS ON REEF CORALS: A REVIEW /.EFFECTS OF 18- 2
11 MUDS ON BEHAVIOR OF THE AMERICAN LOBSTER, HQMARUS A.MERICANUS, 1- 1
0 FLUIDS (MUDS) AND TUR3IOITY ON THE GROWTH AND METABOLIC STATE 38- 1
" FLUIDS (MUDS) AND TURBIDITY ON THE META30LIC STATE OF THE COR 38- 2
" MUD ON DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL ESTUARINE MACROBSNTHIC COM 62- 2
" FLUIDS ON EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT /.EFFECTS OF 15- 1
" MUDS ON THE BEHAVIOR OF JUVENILE RED HAKE *'UROPHYCIS CHUSS CW 45- 2
11 FLUIDS ON THE BEHAVIOR OF THE JUVENILE RED HAKE, UROPHYCIS CH 46- 1
11 FLUIDS ON THE BIQMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF MICROBIDTA T 58- 1
11 FLUIDS ON DEVELOPMENT OF CRABS, RHITHROPANOPEUS HARRISII AND 5- 1
11 MUD AND SELECTED COMPONENTS ON THE SHELL MOVEMENTS OF THE BAY 37- 2
" FLUIDS IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT: A LITERATURE REVIEW /,FATE 43- 1
11 FLUIDS ANO FLUID COMPONENTS IN TERRESTRIAL AND FRESHWATER ECO 32- 2
" FLUIDS PROJECT (UNPUBLISHED) //FINAL REPORT ON THE FLOWER GAR 51- 1
11 FLUIDS ON THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT (ABSTRACT) /.IMPACT OF 27- 1
" MUDS: CALCIFICATION RATE AND PROTEIN CONCENTRATION /,IMPQRTA 39- 1
11 FLUID HAZARD ASSESSMENT RESEARCH PROGRAM /.INDEX AND ABSTRACT 30- 1
11 MUDS ON THE PRIMARY CHEMQSENSQRY NEURONS IN WALKING LEGS OF T 17- 2
11 MUDS ON THE. CARIBBEAN CORAL MQNTASTSEA ANNULARIS /.PHYSIOLOGI 58- 2
" MUDS ON REEF CORALS /.PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF 59- 1
" FLUIDS ON .ESTUARINE.PRODUCTIVITY /.POTENTIAL IMPACT OF 28- 1
11 MUD EXPOSURE- THE FREE AMINO ACID POOL /.RECOVERY BY THE CORA 50- 1
11 MUDS /.RESPONSES OF DEVELOPING ESTUARINE MACROBENTHIC COMMUNI 63- 1
" MUD CONTAINING DIESEL OIL /.RESPONSES DP MACROSENTHOS COLQNIZ 59- 2
11 FLUIDS USED IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT. PH.D, DISSERTATION /, 64- 1
" MUDS AND CUTTINGS ON THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT /.RESULTS OF AN A 1-2
11 FLUIDS RESEARCH PROGRAM SPONSORED BY THE GULF BREEZE ENVIRONM 29- 1
" FLUIDS ON THE GEORGES BANK ENVIRONMENT: PROGRESS REPORT NO, 35- 2
" MUD ENRICHED WITH FERROCHROME LIGNOSULFONATE /.SU3LSTHAL META 40- 1
11 MUD ENRICHED WITH FERSOCHROME LIGNOSULFQNATE: FINAL REPORT / 41- 1
" FLUID RESEARCH ACTIVITIES /.SUMMARY OF EPA 28- 2
" MUDS: DATA SUMMARY, JANUARY 1, 1983 (UNPUBLISHED) /.SURVEY 0 36- 1
11 MUDS /.SURVEY OF THE TOXICITY AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF USE 44- 1
" MUDS: PROGRESS REPORT NO. 3 (FOR THE PERIOD SEPTEMBER 1, 198 35- 3
11 MUD BIOCIOES TO DEVELOPING ESTUARINS MACRQBENTHIC COMMUNITIES 62- l"
OUCTULE REFORMATION: REPLACEMENT OF CILIARY PROCESSES BY CYTOPLASMIC P 23- i
11 /.ULTRASTRUCTURE OF AN EXOCRINE DERMAL GLANO IN THE GILLS OF T 21- 1
E
ECHINODERM.DEVELOPMENT /.DRILLING FLUID EFFECTS ON TELEOST AND 14- 2
PAGE 74
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KEYWORD TITLE INDEX P i
A T
G E
E M
E
6CHINODERM /,EFFECTS OF A DRILLING FLUID ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF A TELEO 14- 3
ECOSYSTEMS USED IN POLLUTION RESEARCH (UNPUBLISHED) /.APPLICABILITY OF 35- 1
11 A LITERATURE REVIEW /,FATE AND EFFECTS OF WHOLE DRILLING 32- 2
EGERA DENSA) AND ITS PRODUCTS Or DECOMPOSITION /,ASSIMILATION EFFICIEN 67- 1
ELQDEA CEGERA DENSA) AND ITS PRODUCTS OF DECOMPOSITION /,ASSIMILATION 67- I
EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT /,EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON 15- 1
ENRICHED WITH FERRQCHROME LIGNDSULFDMATE /.SUBLETHAL METABOLIC RESPONS 40- 1
" WITH FERROCHROMS LIGNOSULFONATE: FINAL REPORT /,SU3LETHAL ME 41- 1
ENVIRONMENT:^ A LITERATURE REVIEW /.FATE AND BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF OIL 43- i
" (ABSTRACT) /.IMPACT OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE MARINE 27- 1
" PH.D. DISSERTATION /,RESPONSES OF SELECTED SCLERACTINIAN 64- 1
« /tRESULTS OF AN ADAPTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT MODELING 1- 2
« PROGRESS REPORT NO. 2 /,STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF DISCHARGE 35- 2
ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS IN THE GILL TISSUE OF THE OYSTER, CRASSOSTREA VIR 49- 3
" CORRELATES Or HEHMATYPIC CORAL CMONTASTREA ANNULARIS) GR 19- 2
" SAMPLES AND BACILLUS MEGATERIUM /.POLYMERIC BETA-HYDROXY 33- 1
" ASSESSMENT MODELING WORKSHOP CONCERNING POTENTIAL IMPACT 1- 2
" RESEARCH LABORATORY. 1976-1934, AND THEIR APPLICATION TO 29- 1
ENZYMES IN THE BLUE CRAB, CALLINECTES SAPIDUS /.EFFECTS OF SODIUM PENT 34- 2
EPA DRILLING FLUID HAZARD ASSESSMENT RESEARCH PROGRAM /.INDEX AND ABST 30- 1
" DRILLING.FLUID RESEARCH ACTIVITIES /.SUMMARY OF 28- 2
EPIBENTHIC PREDATORS /.MODIFICATIONS OF ESTUARINE SEDIMENTARY MICRQBIO 31- 2
ESTERS /.CHARACTERIZATION OF 8ENTHIC MICRD3IAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE BY 3- 1
ESTUARINE ORGANISMS /.ACUTE AND SUBLsTHAL EFFECTS OF WHOLE USED ORILLI 56- 1
" DETRITAL AND SEDIMENTARY MICRQ3IOTA /,BIOCHEMICAL OETESMINAT 66- 2
" SEDIMENTS /.CYCLING OF XENOBIQTICS THROUGH MARINE AND 16- 1
" COMMUNITIES /.EFFECT OF BARITE (3ASQ4) ON DEVELOPMENT OF 60- 2
» DETRITAL MICR03IOTA /.EFFECT OF LIGHT ON BIQMASS AND COMMUNI 4- 1
11 MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES /.EFFECTS OF A LIGNOSULFONATE-TYPE 61- 1
" NACRQBcNTHIC COMMUNITIES /.EFFECTS OF DOWJCIOE G~ST ON DSVEL 61- 2
11 MACR08ENTHIC COMMUNITIES /.EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUD ON OEVELO 62- 2
" GAMMARIDcAN AMPHIPODS ON THE MICRQ3IQTA QF ALLOCHTHQNOUS OET 42- 2
« COMMUNITIES /.EFFECTS OF PENTACHLOROPHENOL ON THE DEVELOPMEN 60- 1
" SEDIMENTARY MICROSIOTA BY EXCLUSION OF EPIBENTHIC PREDATORS 31- 2
" DETRITAL MlCROrLQRA /, NOMSELECTIVE BIOCHEMICAL METHODS FOR T 66- 1
" PRODUCTIVITY /.POTENTIAL IMPACT OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON ' 28- 1
11 SEDIMENTS FOR LIPID ANALYSIS OF 3IQMASS COMMUNITY STRUCTURE 31- 1
" MACROBtNTHIC COMMUNITIES TO DRILLING MUDS /.RESPONSES OF DEV 63- 1
" SEDIMENTS CONTAMINATED WITH DRILLING MUD CONTAINING DIESEL 0 59- 2
11 MUD FLAT SEDIMENTS /.SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF BIOCHEMICAL PAR 32- 1
" MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES /.TOXICITY OF DRILLING-MUD 3IOCIOES 62- 1
EXCLUSION OF EPIBENTHIC PREDATORS /.MODIFICATIONS OF ESTUARINE SEDIMEN 31- 2
EXOCRINE:DERMAL GLAND IN THE GILLS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES P 21- i
EXOSKELETAL AND SOFT TISSUES OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO, 6- 1
» CALCIUM IN THE GRASS SHRIMP. PALAEMONETES PUGIQ /.EFFECT 0 6-2
EXOSKELETON,;HEPATOPANCREAS AND ABDOMINAL MUSCLE OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, 7- 1
EXTERNAL.TO A NAVAL ORDINANCE RANGE: VIEQUES, PUERTO RICO /.GROWTH CH 19- 1
F
FATE'AND BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF OIL WELL DRILLING FLUIDS'IN THE MARINE 43- 1
" AND EFFECTS OF WHOLE DRILLING FLUIDS AND FLUID COMPONENTS IN TERR 32- 2
FATTY ACID METHYL ESTERS /,CHARACTERIZATION OF BcNTHIC MICROBIAL CDMMU 3- 1
" ACIDS FROM LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE LIPID A, F3R GRAM-NEGATIVE 3ACTERI 46- 2
FED ELODEA CEGERA DENSA) AND ITS PRODUCTS OF DECOMPOSITION /,ASSIMILAT 67- 1
FERROCHROME LIGNOSULFONATE /.SUBLcTHAL METABOLIC RESPONSES OF THE HERM 40- 1
" LIGNOSULFONATE: FINAL REPORT /,SUBLETHAL METABOLIC RESPON 41- i
FERTILIZATION AND EARLY DEVELOPMENT /.EFFECTS OF BARIUM SULFATE ON SSA 56- 2
11 AND DEVELOPMENT (UNPUBLISHED REPORT) /.PROJECT REPORT: 57- 1
FINDINGS.CABSTRACT) /.AQUATIC TOXICITY OF DRILLING FLUIDS: RECENT 55- 2
PAGE 75
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KEYWORD TITLE INDEX P I
A T
G E
EH
F
FISH"CCYPRINODON VARIEGATUS) (ABSTRACT) /,COMPARATIVE TOXICITY OF WAST 13- 2
FLOW-THROUGH .EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEM /,EFFECT QF SPRITE ON MEIOFAUNA IN A 10- 1
FLOWER GARDENS BANK, NORTHWEST GULF OF MEXICO /,ENVIRONMENTAL C03RELAT 19- 2
11 GARDENS BANK DRILLING FLUIDS PROJECT (UNPUBLISHED) /,FINAL REPO 51- 1
11 GARDEN 3ANKS GULF OF MEXICO /.STRUCTURE OF SOFT-BOTTOM 3ENTHIC 67- 2
FLUID EFFECTS ON TELEOST AND ECHINODSRM DEVELOPMENT /.DRILLING 14- 2
11 EFFECTS TO DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF THE AMERICAN LOBSTER /,DRILLI 10- 2
" ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF A TELEOST AND AN ECHINOOERM /,EFFECTS OF A 14- 3
" ON SELECTED CORALS /.EFFECTS Or AN OFFSHORE DRILLING 63- 2
" COMPONENTS IN TERRESTRIAL AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS: A LITERATU 32- 2
11 HAZARD ASSESSMENT .RESEARCH PROGRAM /,INDEX AND ABSTRACTS TO PUBL 30- 1
" RESEARCH ACTIVITIES /.SUMMARY OF EPA DRILLING 28- 2
FLUIDS ON REPRESENTATIVE ESTUARINE ORGANISMS /.ACUTE AND SUBLETHAL EFF 56- 1
" • TO MYSIOS (MYSIDOPSIS BAHIA) /.ACUTE TOXICITY OF EIGHT LABORATO 28- 3
11 RECENT FINDINGS (ABSTRACT) /.AQUATIC TOXICITY OF DRILLING' 55- 2
11 /.BIOCHEMICAL MEASURES OF CORAL METABOLIC ACTIVITY, NUTRITIONAL 65- 1
11 TO A CRUSTACEAN (PALAEMONETHS PUGIO) AND A FISH (CYPRINODON VAR 13- 2
" - ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS AND MICR03IAL INFECTION OF THE REEF 47- 1
11 ON REEF CORALS: A REVIEW /.EFFECTS OF DRILLING is- 2
" (MUDS) AND TURBIDITY ON TH£ GROWTH AND METABOLIC STATE OF THE C 38- 1
" (MUDS) AND TURBIDITY ON THE METABOLIC STATE OF THE CORAL ACROPO 38- 2
" ON EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT /.EFFECTS OF DRILLING 15- 1
" ON THE BcHAVIOR OF THE JUVENILE RED HAKE, UROPHYC.IS CHUSSXWILB 46- 1
11 ON THE 3IOMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF MICR03IOTA THAT COLON" 58- 1
11 ON -DEVELOPMENT OF CRABSt RHITHROPANOPEUS HARRISII AND CSLLINEGT 5- 1
11 IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT: A LI TSRATURE • REVIEW /,FATE AND SIOL 43- 1
" AND FLUID COMPONENTS IN TERRESTRIAL AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS: 32- 2
11 PROJECT (UNPUBLISHED) /.FINAL REPORT ON THE FLOWER GARDENS BANK 51- 1
"' ON THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT (ABSTRACT) /.IMPACT OF DRILLING 27- 1
* ON ESTUARINS PRODUCTIVITY /.POTENTIAL IMPACT OF DRILLING 28- 1
11 USED IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT. PH.D. DISSERTATION /.RESPONSES 64- 1
" RESEARCH PROGRAM SPONSORED BY THE GULF BREEZE ENVIRONMENTAL RES 29- 1
" ON THE GEORGES BANK ENVIRONMENT: PROGRESS REPORT NO. 2 /.STUDY 35- 2
FLUOROMETRIC, DETERMINATION OF ADENOSINE NUCLE'OTIDE DERIVATIVES AS MEAS 17- 1
FRACTIONS OF USED LIGHT-WEIGHT LIGNOSULFQNATE TYPE MUD AND HSXAVALSNT 4- 2
11 OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON DEVELOPMENT OF CRABS, RHITHROPANOP5US 5- 1
FREE AMINO ACID POOL DURING .ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS IN THE GILL TISSUE OF 49- 3
11 AMINO ACID POOL OF THE CORAL ACROPORA CSRVICORNIS /.EFFECT OF EIG 49- 2
11 AMINO ACID POOL OF ACRO'PORA CERVIC03NIS. M.S, THESIS /.EFFECTS 0 14- 1
" AMINO ACID POOLS OF TWO NEREID POLYCHAETES, NEANTHES SUCCINEA AND 39- 2
AMINO ACID POOL /.RECOVERY 3Y THE CORAL ACROPORA CERVJCORNTS AFTE 50- 1
FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS: A LITERATURE REVIEW /.FATE AND EFFECTS OF WHQL 32- 2
FUNGAL MASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN ESTUARINE DETRITAL MICSOFLORA / 66- 1
G
GAMMARIDEAN AMPHIPODS ON THE MICR03IOTA OF ALLQC'HTHQNOUS DETRITUS /,EF 42~ 2
GARDEN BANKS GULF OF MEXICO /.STRUCTURE OF SDFT-3QTTOM BENTHIC COMMUNI 67- 2
GARDENS BANK, NORTHWEST GULF Or MEXICO /,ENVIRONMENTAL CORRELATES OF H 19- 2
«' BANK DRILLING FLUIDS PROJECT (UNPUBLISHED) /.FINAL REPORT ON T 51- 1
GAS WELL DRILLING FLUIDS /,BIOCHEMICAL MEASURES OF CORAL METABOLIC ACT 65- 1
•« CHROMATOGRAPHY Or FATTY ACID METHYL ESTERS /.CHARACTERIZATION OF B 3-1
11 WELL-DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE BIQMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF MIC 58- 1
GASTROPODA) TO LABORATORY ECOSYSTEMS USED IN POLLUTION RESEARCH (UNPUB 35- 1
GENERIC DRILLING FLUIDS TO MYSIDS (MYSIDOPSIS BAHIA) /.ACUTE TOXICITY 28- 3
GEORGES SANK ENVIRONMENT: PROGRESS REPORT NO, 2 /.STUDY OF THc IMPACT 35- 2
GILL:TISSUE OF THE OYSTER, CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA /,CHANGES IN THE FREE 49- 3
11 OF GRASS SHRIMP FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM /.HISTO 26- 1
GILLS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO (ABSTRACT) /.COMPARATIVE 20- 2
" OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO. I. COMPARATIVE MQRPHOLO 22- 2
PAGE 76
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KEYWORD TITLE INDEX P I
A T
G S
E M
G
GILLS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO. II. PREMOLT DUCTULE REF 23- 1
" IN GRASS SHRIMP EXPOSED TO A DITHIOCARBAMATE SIOCIDE /.ULTRASTRU 25- 1
" OF THE.GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO: OCCURRENCE OF TSANSITOR 21- 1
GLAND, MIOGUT., HEPATOPANCREAS, AND GILL OF GRASS SHRIMP FOLLOWING EXPO 26- 1
« MATURATION /,ROSETTE GLANDS IN THE GILLS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PA 23- 1
" IN THE GILLS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMDNETES PUGIO: OCCURRENCE 21- 1
GLANDS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO /.CILIARY STRUCTURES IN 21- 2
" IN THE GILLS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO CABSTRACT) 20- 2
'« IN THE GILLS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIQ. I. CDMPAR 22- 2
" IN THE GILLS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO. II. PREMO 23r 1
" HEPATDPANCREAS, AND MIOGUT OF GRASS SHRIMP EXPOSED TO TWO OITH 24- 1
GRAIN SHAPE, STRUCTURE, AND LOCATION ON THE 8IQMASS ANO COMMUNITY STRU 45- 1
GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA IN SEDIMENTS /,SENSITIVE ASSAY, BASED ON HYOROX 46- 2
GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO /,ACCUMULATION, TISSUS DISTRIBUTION A 33- 2
" SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO: RELATION TO MOLTING AND EXPOSURE TO 7- 1
" SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO, IN RELATION TO THE MOLT CYCLE. M.S, 6- 1
" SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIG /,CILIARY STRUCTURES IN THE BRANCHIAL 21- 2
" SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES INTERMEDIUS /.COMPARATIVE TDXICITY OF OFFSH 10- 3
• » SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO /.COMPARATIVE TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACO 54- 1
" SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO (ABSTRACT) /.COMPARATIVE ULTRASTRUCTU 20- 2
" SHRIMP EXPOSED TO HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM /,CUTICULAR LESIONS INDUCE 23- 2
» SHRIMP, PALASMONETSS PUGID /,EFFECT QF SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE 6- 2
" SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO /,EFFECTS OF BARITE AND USED DRILLING 12- 1
11 SHRIMP, PALAEMONETeS PUGIO: MOLT-RELATEO TOXICITY AND INHIBITIO 12- 2
» SHRIMP FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM /,HISTQPATHOLOG 26- 1
11 SHRIMP EXPOSED TO CHROMIUM, PENTACHLDROPHENOL, AND DITHIOCARBAMA 52- 1
" SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO, BY SODIUM PENTACHLQROPHENATE /.INHIB 53- 1
" SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO /.PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL 54- 2
11 SHRIMP PALAEMONETcS PUGIO /.PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL 52- 3
11 SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO. I. COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY, ' CYCLICAL 22- 2
" SHRIMP, PALAtMONETES PUGIO, II. PREMOLT DUCTULE REFORMATION: RSP 23- 1
•" SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO /,SYNCYTIAL NATURE AND PHAGOCYTIC ACT 22- 1
" SHRIMP, PALAcMONETES PUGIO, AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF THE MOLT CYCL 11- 1
" SHRIMP, PALAEMQNSTES PUGIO, IN RELATION TO THE MOLT CYCLE /,TOXI 11- 2
11 - SHRIMP EXPOSED TO TWO DITHIOCARBAMATE 3IOCIDSS / ,ULTRASTRUCTURAL 24- 1
" SHRIMP EXPOSED TO A DITHIOCARBAMATE SIOCIDE /,ULTRASTRUCTURAL AN 25- 1
" SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO, IN RELATION TO THE MOLT CYCLE /,ULTR 20- 1
» SHRIMP, PALAEMQNETES PUGIO: OCCURRENCE OF TRANSITORY CILIARY AXO 21- 1
GRAZING BY ESTUARINE GAMMARIDEAN AMPHIPODS ON THE MICR03IOTA OF ALLOCH 42- 2
GROWTH-AND METABOLIC STATE OF THE CORAL ACROPORA CERVICDRNIS, WITH COM 38- 1
" ON THE EAST FLDWES GARDENS 3ANK, NORTHWEST GULF OF MEXICO /,ENV 19- 2
" CHARACTERISTICS OF REEF-BUILDING CORALS WITHIN AND EXTERNAL TO 19- 1
11 ' AS SENSITIVE INDICATORS OF AQUATIC POLLUTANT TOXICITY TD CRUSTA 52- 2
GULF.OF MEXICO /.ENVIRONMENTAL CORRELATES OF HERMATYPIC CORAL CMONTAST 19- 2
" BREEZE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY, 1976-1984, AND THEIR AP 29- 1
0 OF MEXICO /.STRUCTURE Of SOFT-BOTTOM BENTHIC COMMUNITIES IN THE V 67- 2
H
HAKEi UROPHYCIS CHUSS CWALBAUM) I. ESTABLISHMENT OF BEHAVIORAL BASELIN 45- 2
11 URQPHYCIS CHUSS CWIL3AUM) II. EFFECTS ON ESTABLISHMENT 'BEHAVIQRA 46- 1
HARRISII,AND.CALLINECTES SAPIDUS /.EFFECTS OF SOLUBL£ FRACTIONS OF USE 4- 2
11 AND CALLINECTES SAPIDUS /.EFFECTS OF SOLUBLE FRACTIONS OF DRI 5- 1
HAZARD ASSESSMENT RESEARCH PROGRAM /,INDEX AND ABSTRACTS TO PU3LICATIO 30- 1
" ASSESSMENT /.RESULTS OF THE DRILLING FLUIDS RESEARCH PROGRAM SP 29- 1
HEAT.TRANSFER EFFICIENCY /.BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS QF THE RESPONSE OF THE 2- 1
HEPATOPANCREAS AND ABDOMINAL MUSCLE OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES 7- 1
11 OF THE BLUE CRAB, CALLINECTES S^PIDUS /.CHARACTERISTICS 34- 1
" ANO GILL Or GRASS SH3IMP FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO HEXAVAL 26- 1
" AND MIOGUT OF GRASS SHRIMP EXPOSED TO TWO DITHIOCAR8AM 24- 1
PAG= 77
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KEYWORD TITLE INDEX P I
A T
G S
£ M
H
HEPATOPANCREATIC ENZYMES IN THE 3LUE CRAB, CALLINECTES SAPIDUS /.EFFEC 34- 2
HERMATYPIC CORAL (MONTASTREA ANNULARIS) GROWTH ON THE EAST FLOWER CARD 19- 2
11 CORAL MAORACIS DECACTIS EXPOSED TO DRILLING MUD ENRICHED WI 40- 1
" CORAL MADRACIS DECACTIS EXPOSED TO DRILLING MUD ENRICHED WI 41- 1
HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM /.CUTICULAR LESIONS INDUCED IN GRASS SHRIMP EXPOSE 23- 2
" CHROMIUM ON THE COMPLETE LARVAL DEVELOPMENT OF CRABS,'RHITH 4- 2
11 CHROMIUM /.HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND UL TRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN 26- 1
11 CHROMIUM TO THE GRASS SHRIMP PALAEMONETES PUGIO /.PHYSIOLQG 52- 3
HISTOLOGICAL.STUDY OF DEGENERATIVE CHANGES IN THE ANTENNAL GLANDS, HSP 24- 1
" • STUDY Or DEGENERATIVE CHANGES LEADING TO 3LACK GILLS IN G 25- 1
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE ANTENNAL GLANDi M 26- 1
11 CHANGES IN GRASS SHRIMP EXPOSED TO CHROMIUM, PENTACH 52- 1
0 EVALUATION OF OITHIOCAR8AMATE TQXICITY TO THE GRASS 54- 2
" EVALUATION OF THE TOXICITY OF HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM TO" 52- 3
HOMARUS AMERICANUS /,BEHAVIOR AND SUBSTRATE SELECTION DURING LARVAL SE 5- 2
" AMERICANUS, IN WATER COLUMN AND SUBSTRATE EXPOSURES /,EFFECTS 1- 1
" AMERICANUS /.INFLUENCE OF DRILLING MUDS ON THE PRIMARY CHEMOSE 17- 2
11 AMERICANUS: TASTE SPECIALIST /.NARROW-SPECTRUM CHEMGRECEPTOR is- i
HYDROCARBONS /.COMPARATIVE TDXICITY OF DRILLING MUDS: ROLE OF CHROMIU 13- 1
HYDROXY FATTV ACIDS FROM LIPQPOLYSACCHARIDE LIPIO A, FOR GRAM-NEGATIVE 46- 2
HYDROXYALKANOATES FROM ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES AND BACILLUS MEGATERIUM / 33- 1
I
IMPACT OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT (ABSTRACT) 27- 1
" OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON ESTUARINE PRODUCTIVITY /,POTENTIAL 28- 1
11 OF DISCHARGED DRILLING FLUIDS.ON THS GEORGES BANK ENVIRONMENT: 35- 2
IHPACTS OF DRILLING MUDS AND CUTTINGS QN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT /,RESU 1- 2
INDiX AND ABSTRACTS TO PUBLICATIONS; THE EPA DRILLING FLUID HAZARD AS 30- 1
INDICATING BIOMASS AND COMMUNITY COMPOSITION OF MICROBIAL ASSEMBLIES I 32- 1
INDICATORS OF AQUATIC POLLUTANT TOXICITY TO CRUSTACEANS /,MOLT-RELATED 52- 2
INFECTION WITH EXPOSURE TO OIL AND GAS WELL DRILLING FLUIDS /,3IOCHEMI 65- 1
" OF THE REEF 3UILDING CORAL MONTASTREA ANNULARIS /,EFFECT OF 47- 1
INHIBITION OF LIMB REGENERATION /,EFFECTS OF TWO DITHIOCARBAMATES ON T 12- 2
11 OF LIMB REGENERATION IN THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGI 53- I
INNERVATION /,ROSETTE GLANDS IN THE GILLS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMO 22- 2
INTERMEDIUS /,COMPARATIVE TOXICITY OF OFFSHORE AND OIL-ADDED DRILLING 10- 3
IRRADIANS /,EFFECTS OF WHOLE DRILLING MUD AND SELECTED COMPONENTS ON T 37- 2
ISOPOD LIGIA EXOTICA CCRUSTACEA: DNISCQIDEA) /.ORIENTATION AND SOCIAL 30- 2
J
JUVENILE.RED HAKE, UROPHYCIS CHUSS CWALSAUM) I. ESTABLISHMENT OF BEHAV 45- 2
11 RED HAKE, UROPHYCIS CHUSS CWILBAUM) II. EFFECTS ON ESTA8LISHM 46- 1
L
LARVAE OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES INTERMEOIUS /.COMPARATIVE TOX 10- 3
LARVAL SETTLING IN THE LOBSTER HOMARUS AMERICANUS /.BEHAVIOR AND SUBST 5- 2
" DEVELOPMENT OF CRABS, RHITHKOPANOPEUS HARSISII AND CALLINECTES 4- 2
LEADING TO BLACK GILLS IN GRASS SHRIMP EXPOSED TO A OITHIDCARBAMATE 31 25- 1
LEONEREIS CULVERI /.EFFECTS OF SALINITY CHANGE ON THE FREE AMINO ACID 39- 2
LESIONS INDUCED IN GRASS SHRIMP EXPOSED TO HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM /.CUTIC 23- 2
LIGHT ON BIQMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF ESTUARINE OETRIT4L MICR08I 4- 1
11 WEIGHT.LIGNOSULFQNATE TYPE MUD AND HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM ON THE CO 4- 2
LISIA EXOTICA CCSUSTACEA: ONISCQIDEA) /.ORIENTATION AND SOCIAL 3EHAVI 30- 2
LIGNOSULFONATE-TYPE DRILLING MUD ON DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL ESTUAR 61- 1
11 TYPE MUO AND HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM ON THE COMPLETE LARVAL 4- 2
" /.SUBLETHAL METABOLIC RESPONSES OF THE HERMATYPIC CORAL 40- 1
" FINAL REPORT /.SUBLETHAL METABOLIC RESPONSES OF THE H 41- 1
LIMB'REGENERATION /.EFFECTS OF TWO DITHIOCAR6AMATES ON THE GRASS SHRIM 12- 2
" REGENERATION IN THE GRASS SHRIMP,. PALAEMONETES PUGIO, BY SODIUM P 53- 1
" GROWTH AS SENSITIVE INDICATORS OF-AQUATIC POLLUTANT"TOXICITY TO C 52— 2
LIPID ANALYSIS OF BIOMASS COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF MICRQBIQTA /.PRESERVA 31- 1
PAGE 73
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KEYWORD TITLE INDEX P I
A T
G E
£ M
L
LIPID A, FOR GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA IN SEDIMENTS /.SENSITIVE ASSAY, 8A 46- 2
LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE LIPID A, FOR GRAM-NEGATIVt 3ACTERIA IN SEDIMENTS /, 46- 2
LOBSTER HQMARUS AMERICANOS /,BEHAVIOR AND SUBSTRATE SELECTION OURING'L 5- 2
" /.DRILLING FLUID EFFECTS TO DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF THE AMERIC 10- 2
11 HDMARUS AMERICANUS, IN WATER COLUMN AND SUBSTRATE EXPOSURES / 1-1
11 HOMARUS AMERICANUS /.INFLUENCE OF DRILLING MUDS ON THE PRIMAR 17- 2
•" HOMARUS AMERICANUS: TASTE SPECIALIST /,NARROW-SPECTRUM CHSMOR is- i
'M
MACROBENTHIC-COMMUNITIES /.EFFECTS Or A LIGNQSULFONATE-TYPE DRILLING M 61- 1
« COMMUNITIES /.EFFECTS OF OOWICIOE G-ST DN DEVELOPMENT OF 61- 2
" COMMUNITIES /.EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUD ON DEVELOPMENT OF E 62- 2
11 COMMUNITIES TO DRILLING MUDS /.RESPONSES OF DEVELOPING ES 63- 1
" COMMUNITIES /.TDXICITY OF DRILLING-MUD 3IOCIDES TO DEVELO 62- 1
HACRQBENTHOS.COLONIZING ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS CONTAMINATED WITH DRILLING 59- 2
NADRACIS.DECACTIS EXPOSED TO DRILLING MUD ENRICHED WITH FERROCHRQHE LI' 40- 1
" DECACTIS EXPOSED TO DRILLING MUD ENRICHED WITH FERROCHRDME LI 41- 1
MARINE ANIMALS /.BEHAVIORAL ASSAYS FOR EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUDS ON 37- 1
" MICROFOULING COMMUNITY STRUCTURE TO CLEANING PROCEDURES DESIGNS 2- 1
" AND ESTUARINE'SEDIMENTS /.CYCLING OF XENOBIOTICS THROUGH 16- i
11 MICR03IOTA /.EFFECT OF SILICATE GRAIN SHAPE, STRUCTURE, AND LOC 45- 1
11 BENTHOS ON PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SEDIMENTS: A SUCCESSIQNAL PE 55- 1
11 ENVIRONMENT: A LITERATURE REVIEW /.FATE AND BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS 43- i
11 ENVIRONMENT (ABSTRACT) /.IMPACT OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE ' 27- 1
11 OIL POLLUTION RESEARCH STUDY FINAL REPORT 1 JUNE 1978 49- 1
" ENVIRONMENT. PH.D. DISSERTATION /.RESPONSES OF SELECTED SCLERA 64- 1
" ENVIRONMENT /.RESULTS OF AN ADAPTIVE eNVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT M 1- 2
MASS'AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN cSTUARINE DETRITAL MIC2QFLORA /.NONSEL 66- 1
MATURATION /.ROSETTE GLANDS IN THE GILLS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP. PALAEMON 23- 1
HEGATERIUM /.POLYMERIC BETA-HYDROXYALKANOATES FROM ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPL 33- 1
HEIQBENTHIC COMMUNITIES ESTABLISHED IN AN EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEM /.EFFECT 7- 2
11 NEMATODES IN AN EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEM /.EFFECTS OF PtNTACHLO 8- 1
MEIOFAUNA IN A FLOW-THROUGH EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEM /.EFFECT OF 3ARITE ON 10- 1
MELLITA QUINQUIESPERFORATA ON SEDIMENTARY MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTUR 65- 2
MELONGENA CORONA: SUBSPECIES CHARACTERISTIC OR SIZE RELATED? /.SHELL 36- 2
METABOLIC ACTIVITY, NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND MICROBIAL INFECTION WITH EX 65- 1
11 STATE OF THE CORAL ACROPORA CERVICDRNIS, WITH COMMENTS ON ME 38- 1
" STATS OF THE CORAL ACROPORA CERVICORNIS: CALCIFICATION RATE 38- 2
" RECOVERY IN THE CORAL ACROPORA CERVICORNIS AFTER SHORT-TERM 39- 1
" - RESPONSES OF THE HERMATYPIC CORAL MAORACIS -DECACTIS EXPOSED 40- 1
11 RESPONSES OF THE HERMATYPIC CORAL MAORACIS DECACTIS EXPOSED 41- 1
METHYL ESTERS /.CHARACTERIZATION OF 3ENTHIC MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCT 3- 1
MEXICO /.ENVIRONMENTAL CORRELATES OF HERMATYPIC CORAL CMONTASTREA ANNU 19- 2
11 /.STRUCTURE OF SOFT-BOTTOM 3ENTHIC COMMUNITIES IN THE VICINITY 67- 2
MICROBIAL INFECTION WITH EXPOSURE TO OIL AND GAS WELL DRILLING FLUIDS 65- 1
11 COMMUNITY STRUCTURE 3Y HIGH RESOLUTION GAS CHROMATQGRAPHY OF 3- 1
" INFECTION OF THE REEr BUILDING CORAL MQNTASTREA ANNULARIS /, 47- 1
" COMMUNITY STRUCTURE /.EFFECTS OF BIOTUSBATION AND PREDATION 65- 2
" 3IOMASS AND PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS /, FLUORDMETRIC DETERMINATE 17- 1
11 ASSEMBLIES IN rSTUARINE MUD FLAT SEDIMENTS /.SPATIAL OISTRIB 32- 1
MICROBIOTA./.BIOCHEMICAL DETERMINATION OF SIOMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCT 66- 2
11 /.EFFECT OF LIGHT OH 3IQMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF EST 4- 1
11 /.EFFECT OF SILICATE GRAIN SHAPE, STRUCTURE, AND LOCATION 0 45- 1
11 OF ALLOCHTHONOUS DETRITUS /.EFFECTS OF GRAZING BY ESTUARINE 42- 2
" THAT COLONIZE SANDS IN RUNNING SEAWATER /.EFFECTS OF OIL AN 58- 1
11 BY EXCLUSION! OF EPI3ENTHIC PREDATORS /.MODIFICATIONS. OF EST 31- 2
11 /.PRESERVATION OF ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS FOR LIPID ANALYSIS OF 31- 1
MICROFLORA /,NONSELECTIVE BIOCHEMICAL METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF 66- 1
MICROFOULINGZCOMMUNITY STRUCTURE TO CLEANING PROCEDURES DESIGNED TO MA 2- 1
PAGE 79
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KEYWORD TITLE INDEX P I
A T
G 6
E M
M
NICRQFOULING, QETRITAL AND SEDIMENTARY MICROBlftL BIOMASS AND PHYSIQLOG 17- 1
MIDGUT, HEPATQPANCREAS, AND GILL OF GRASS SHRIMP FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO 26- 1
11 OF GRASS SHRIMP EXPOSED TO TWO .DITHIOCARSAMATE BIQCIOES /tULTRA 24- 1
MODELING WORKSHOP CONCERNING POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF DRILLING MUDS AND CU 1- 2
MODIFICATIONS OF ESTUARINE SEDIMENTARY MIC30SIOT.A BY EXCLUSION OF EPIB 31- 2
MOLLUSCA: GASTROPODA) TO LABORATORY ECOSYSTEMS USEO IN POLLUTION RESEA 35- i
MOLTiCYCLE. M.S. THESIS /.BARIUM, STRONTIUM AMD CALCIUM IN THE EXOSKE 6- 1
" RELATED TOXICITY AND INHIBITION OF LIMB REGENERATION /.EFFECTS OF 12- 2
• '" RELATED SUSCEPTIBILITY AND REGENERATIVE LIMB GROWTH AS SENSITIVE 52- 2
" CYCLE /tTOXICITY OF SODIUM PEMTACHLOROPHENATE (Nfl-PCP) TO THE GRA 11- 1
" CYCLE /,TOX.ICITY OF SODIUM PENTACHLQROPHENATE TO THE GRASS SHRIMP 11- 2
" CYCLE /.ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES INDUCED BY SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHEN 20-1
MOLTING AND EXPOSURE TO -3ARITE /,BARIUM, STRONTIUM AND CALCIUM LEVELS 7- 1
MONTASTREA ANNULARIS /.EFFECT DF WELL-DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE PHYSIOLOG 47- 1
11 ANNULARIS /.EFFECTS Or DRILLING MUD ON THE REEF-BUILDING CO 18- 3
" ANNULARIS) GROWTH ON THE EAST FLOWER GARDENS BANK, NORTHWES 19- 2
11 ANNULARIS /,PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF OIL-DRILLING MUDS ON T 58- 2
MORPHOLOGY, CYCLICAL ACTIVITY, AND INNERVATION /,ROSETTE GLANDS IN THE 22- 2
MOVEMENTS OF THE BAY SCALLOP, ARGQPECTEN IRRADIANS /.EFFECTS OF WHOLE 37- 2
MUD ASSESSMENT CHEMICAL ANALYSIS REFERENCE VOLUME /.DRILL 57- 2
11 ASSESSMENT CHEMICAL ANALYSIS REFERENCE VOLUME CPROJECT SUMMARY) /, 57- 3
« RESEARCH—OVERSIGHT /.DRILLING 48- 1
" ON DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL ESTUARINE MACRQ3ENTHIC COMMUNITIES 61- 1
" ON THE FREE AMINQ ACID POOL OF ACROPORA CERVICORNIS. M.S. THESIS 14- 1
« ON THE REEF-BUILDING CORAL MONTASTREA ANNULARIS /,EFFECTS OF DRILL 18- 3
" ON DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL ESTUARINE M3CRGBENTHIC COMMUNITIES 62- 2
" AND HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM ON THE COMPLETE LARVAL DEVELOPMENT OF CRAB 4- 2
11 AND SELECTED COMPONENTS ON THE SHELL MOVEMENTS OF THE BAY SCALLOP, 37- 2
11 EXPOSURE. THE FREE AMINO ACID POOL /.RECOVERY 3Y THE CORAL ACROPOR 50- 1
" CONTAINING DIESEL OIL /,RESPONSES OF MACRQ3ENTHOS COLONIZING ESTUA 59- 2
11 FLAT SEDIMENTS /.SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN 32- 1
" ENRICHED WITH FERROCHROME LIGNOSULFONATE /.SUBLETHAL METABOLIC RES 40- 1
" ENRICHED WITH FERROCHROME LIGNOSULFONATE: FINAL REPORT /.SU3LETHA 41- 1
" BIOCIDES TO DEVELOPING ESTUARINE MACR08ENTHIC COMMUNITIES /.TOXICI 62- 1
MUDS.ON MARINE ANIMALS /.BEHAVIORAL ASSAYS FOR EFFECTS OF DRILLING 37- 1
•" ROLE OF CHROMIUM AND PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS /.COMPARATIVE TOXIC 13- 1
" TO LARVAE OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES INTERMEOIUS /.COMPARA 10- 3
" ON THE CALCIFICATION RATE AND FREE AMINO ACID POOL OF THE CORAL A 49- 2
" ON CRUSTACEANS, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE GRASS SHRIMP, PA 12- 1
« ON BEHAVIOR OF THE AMERICAN LD3STER, HOMARUS AMERICANUS, IN WATER 1- 1
" AND TURBIDITY ON THE GROWTH AND META3QLIC STATE OF THE CORAL ACR 38- 1
" AND TURBIDITY ON THE METABOLIC STATE OF THE CORAL ACROPOSA CERVI 38- 2
" ON THE BEHAVIOR 0.= JUVENILE RED HAKE, UROPHYCIS CHUSS CWALBAUM) I 45- 2
« CALCIFICATION SATE AND PROTEIN CONCENTRATION /.IMPORTANCE OF MO 39- 1
« ON THE PRIMARY CHEMOSENSORY NEURONS IN WALKING LEGS OF THE LOBSTE 17- 2
11 ON THE CARIBBEAN CORAL MONTASTREA ANNULARIS /, PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFEC 58- 2
" ON REEF CORALS /.PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF DRILLING 59- 1
" /.RESPONSES OF DEVELOPING ESTUARINE MACRQ3ENTHIC COMMUNITIES TO D 63- 1
" AND CUTTINGS ON THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT /.RESULTS OF AN ADAPTIVE E 1-2
" DATA SUMMARY, JANUARY 1, 1933 (UNPUBLISHED) /.SURVEY OF THE TOX 36- 1
" /.SURVEY OF THE TOXICITY AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF USED DRILLIN 44- 1
" PROGRESS REPORT NO. 3 (FOR THE PERIOD SEPTEMBER 1, 19.31 - FEBRU 35- 3
MURAMIC ACID ASSAY IN SEDIMENTS 30- 3
MUSCLE. OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMCJNrTES PUGIO: RELATION TO MOLTING A 7- 1
MYSIDOPSIS.3AHIA) /.ACUTE TOXICITY OF SIGHT LABORATORY-PREPARED GENERI 28- 3
MYSIOS CMYSIDOPSIS BAHIA) /.ACUTE TOXICITY OF EIGHT LABORATORY-PREPARE 28- 3
N
NA-PCP) TO THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO, AT DIFFERENT STAGES 0 11- 1
PAGE 30
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KEYWORD TITLE INOEX P I
A T
G E
£ M
N
NftVAL ORDINANCE RANGE: VIEQUESf PUERTO RICO /,GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS 19- 1
NEANTHES SUCCINEA AND LSONtREIS CULVERI /.EFFECTS OF SALINITY CHANGE'0 39- 2
NEGATIVE-BACTERIA IN SEDIMENTS /,SENSITIVE ASSAY* 3ASED ON HYDROXY FAT 46- 2
NEMATODES IN AN EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEM /,EFFECTS OF PENTACHLORQPHENQL ON 8- 1
NEREID POLYCHAETES, NEANTHES SUCCINEA AND LEONEREIS CULVERI /.EFFECTS 39- 2
NERITINA.RECLIVATA CMOLLUSCA: GASTROPODA) TO LABORATORY ECOSYSTEMS * USE 35- 1
11 RECLIVATA /,SOME FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE 42- 1
NEURONS IN WALKING LEGS OF THE L03STER, HOMARUS AMERICANUS /.INFLUENCE 17- 2
NONSELECTIVE;BIOCHEMICAL METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF FUNGAL MASS 66- i
NORMALIZATION FOR CORAL DATA /,EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS CMUDS) AND T 38- 1
NUCLEOTIDE DERIVATIVES AS MEASURES OF THE MICROFOULING, DETRITAL AND S 17- 1
NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND MIC203IAL INFECTION WITH EXPOSURE TO OIL AND GA 65- 1
0
OFFSHORE.AND OIL-ADDED DRILLING MUDS TO LARVAE Or THE GRASS SHRIMP, PA 10- 3
11 DRILLING FLUID ON SELECTED CORALS /.EFFECTS Or AN 63- 2
OIL AND GAS WELL DRILLING FLUIDS /.BIOCHEMICAL MEASURES OF CORAL META8 65- 1
"• ADDED DRILLING MUDS TO LARVAE OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES IN 10- 3
11 AND GAS WELL-DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE 3IOMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTUR 58- 1
" WELL DRILLING FLUIDS IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT: A LITERATURE REVI 43- 1
« POLLUTION RESEARCH STUDY FINAL REPORT 1 JUNE 1978 /.MARINE 49- 1
" DRILLING MUDS ON THE CARIBBEAN CORAL MONTASTREA ANNULARIS /.PHYSIO 58- 2
11 /.RESPONSES OF MACROSENTHOS COLONIZING ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS CONTAMI 59- 2
QNISCOIDEA) /.ORIENTATION AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR IN THE SUPRALITTORAL ISO 30- 2
ORDINANCE RANGE: VIEQUES, PUERTO RICO /.GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF REE 19- 1
ORGANISMS /.ACUTE AND SUSLETHAL EFFECTS OF WHOLE USED DRILLING FLUIDS 56- 1
ORIENTATION AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR IN THE SUPRALITTORAL ISOPDO LIGIA EXOT 30- 2
OSMOTIC CONDITIONS /.EFFECTS OF PENTACHLOROPHENOL (PCP) AND 2,4-OINITR 7- 3
OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF DRILLING MUDS ON THE CALCIFICATION RATE AND FR 49- 2
OVERSIGHT /.DRILLING MUD RESEARCH-- 48- 1
OXTGEN CONSUMPTION OF TISSUES FROM THE SLUE CRAB, CALLINSCTES SAPIDUS, 7- 3
OYSTER. CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA /.CHANGES IN THE FREE A M.I NO ACID POOL DU 49- 3
P
PALAEMQNETES PUGIO /.ACCUMULATION, TISSUE DISTRIBUTION AND DEPURATION 33- 2
11 PUGIO: RELATION TO MOLTING AND EXPOSURE TO BARITE /.3ARI 7- 1
" PUGIO, IN RELATION TO THE MOLT CYCLE. M.S. THESIS /.SARI 6- 1
" PUGIO /.CILIARY STRUCTURES IN THE BRANCHIAL UNICELLULAR G 21- 2
" PUGIO) AND A FISH CCYPRINODON VARIEGATUS) (ABSTRACT) /.CO 13- 2
" INTERMEOI'JS ./.COMPARATIVE TOXICITY DF OFFSHORE AND OIL-AO 10^ 3
11 PUGIO /.COMPARATIVE TOXICOLOGY ANO PHARMACOLOGY OF CHLQRQ 54- 1
11 PUGIO (ABSTRACT) /.COMPARATIVE ULTRA STRUCTURE OF THREE TY 20- 2
" PUGIO /.EFFECT OF SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE ON EXOSXELETA 6- 2
" PUGIO /.EFFECTS OF 3ARITE AND US£0 DRILLING MUDS ON CRUST 12- 1
11 PUGIO: MOLT-RELATED TOXICITY AND INHIBITION OF LIMB REGE 12~ 2
" PUGIO, 3Y SODIUM PENTACHLQROPHENATE /.INHIBITION OF LIM3 53- 1
11 PUGIO /.PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HISTOPATHOLQGIC AL EVALUATION OF 54- 2
11 PUGIO /.PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HI STOP ATHOLOGIC AL EVALUATION OF 52- 3
« PUGIO. I. COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY, CYCLICAL ACTIVITY, AND 22- 2
" PUGIO. II. PREMQLT DUCTULE REFORMATION: REPLACEMENT'OF CI 23- 1
11 PUGID /.SYNCYTIAL NATURE ANO PHAGQCYTIC ACTIVITY OF THE B 22- 1
11 PUGIO, AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF THE MQLT-CYCLE /.TOXICITY 0 11- 1
11 PUGIO, IN RELATION TO THE MOLT CYCLE /.TOXICITY OF SODIUM" 11- 2
11 PUGIO, IN RELATION TO THE MOLT CYCLE /, ULTRASTRUCTURAL CH 20- 1
" PUGIO: OCCURRENCE OF TRANSITORY CILIARY AXONSMES ASSOCIAT 21- 1
PARAMETERS/INDICATING BIOMASS ANO COMMUNITY COMPOSITION OF MICR03IAL A 32- 1
PCP) ON MEI03ENTHIC COMMUNITIES ESTABLISHED IN AN EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEM 7- 2
11 AND 2,4-DINITROPHENOL CDNP) ON THE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF TISSUES 7- 3
" TO THE GRASS SHRIMP,|PALAEMONETES PUGIO. AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF T 11- 1
PENTACHLOROPHENATE.ON EXOSKELETAL CALCIUM IN TH£ GRASS SHRIMP. PALAEMO 6- 2
PAGE 81
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KEYWORD TITLE INOEX
P I
A T
G S
£ M
PENTACHLORDPHENOL
ii
PENTACHLORQPHENATE:AND 2,4-DlNITROPHENOL ON RESPIRATION IN CRUSTACEANS 9- 1
" AND 2,4-DINITRO?H€NDL ON HEPATOPANCREATIC ENZYMES I 34- 2
11 /.INHIBITION OF LIM3 REGENERATION IN THE GRASS SHRI 53- 1
11 (NA-PCP) TO THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO, A 11- 1
" TO THE GRASS SHRIMP. PALAEMONETES PUGIO, IN RELATIO 11- 2
" IN THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMQNETES PUGIO, IN RELATIO 20- 1
(PCP) ON MEIOBENTHIC COMMUNITIES ESTABLISHED IN AN E 7-2
ON THE MEI08ENTHIC NEMATODES IN AN EXPERIMENTAL SYST 8- 1
" ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ESTUARINE COMMUNITIES /.EFFECT 60- 1
11 (PCP) AND 2,4-DINITROPHENOL (DNP) ON THE'OXYGEN CONS 7- 3
" AND DITHIOCAR3AMATES /,HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN 52- 1
" TO CRUSTACEANS /.PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL INVES 53- 2
PERSPECTIVE /.EFFECTS OF MARINE BENTHOS ON PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SEOI 55- 1
PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS /.COMP.ARATIVE TOXICITY OF DRILLING MUDS: ROLE 13- 1
PHAGOCYTIC ACTIVITY OF THE BRANCHIAL PQDOCYTES IN THE GRASS SHRIMP, PA 22- 1
PHARMACOLOGY OF CHLOROPHENOLS: STUDIES ON THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONET 54- 1
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SEDIMENTS: A SUCCESSIONAL PERSPECTIVE /.EFFECT 55- 1
PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS AND MICR03IAL INFECTION OF THE REEF BUILDING CORA 47- 1
" STATUS /.FLUOROMETRIC DETERMINATION OF ADENOSINE NUCLEOT 17- 1
" ANO BIOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THE TOXICITY OF PENTAC 53- 2
11 ANO HISTQPATHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF DITHIDC ARBAMATE TOXI 54- 2
11 ANO HISTOPATHOLDGICAL EVALUATION OF THE TOXICITY OF HEXA 52- 3
11 EFFECTS OF OIL-DRILLING MUDS ON THE CARIBBEAN CORAL MONT 58- 2
11 EFFECTS OF. DRILLING MUDS ON REEF CORALS 59- 1
POOOCYTES IN THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO /.SYNCYTIAL NATURE A 22- 1
POLLUTANT TOXICITY TO CRUSTACEANS /,MOLT-RELATED SUSCEPTIBILITY ANO RE 52- 2
POLLUTION RESEARCH (UNPUBLISHED) /.APPLICABILITY OF NERITINA RECLIVATA 35- 1
11 RESEARCH STUDY FINAL REPORT 1 JUNE 1978 /.MARINE OIL 49- 1
POLYCHAETES,'NEANTHES SUCCINEA AND LSONEREIS CULVERI /.EFFECTS OF SALI 39- 2
POLYMERIC 3ETA-HYDROXYALKANOATES FROM 5NVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES AND 8ACILL 33- 1
POOL DURING ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS IN THE GILL TISSUE OF THE OYSTER, CRA 49- 3
" OF THE CORAL ACROPORA CERVICORNIS /.EFFECT OF EIGHT OUTER CONTINE 49- 2
" OF ACSDPQRA CERVICORNIS. M.S. THESIS /.EFFECTS OF DRILL MUD ON T 14- 1
" /.RECOVERY 8Y THE CORAL ACROPORA CERVICORNIS AFTER DRILLING MUD E 50- 1
POOLS OF TWO NERSIO POLYCHAETES. NEANTHES SUCCIN5A AND LtDNEREIS CULVE 39- 2
PREDATION BY MELLITA QUINQUIESPERFORATA ON SEDIMENTARY MICROBIAL COMMU 65- 2
PREDATORS /.MODIFICATIONS OF ESTUARINE SEDIMENTARY MICROBIOTA BY EXCLU 31- 2
PREMOLT OUCTULE REFORMATION: REPLACEMENT OF CILIARY PROCESSES 3Y CYTQP 23- 1
PREPARED,GENERIC DRILLING FLUIDS TO MYSIOS (MYSIOGPSIS BAHIA) /,ACUTE 28- 3
PRESERVATION OF ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS FOR LIPIO ANALYSIS OF 8IOMASS COMM 31- 1
PRIMARY CHEMOSENSORY NEURONS IN WALKING LEGS OF THE LOBSTER, HOMARUS A 17- 2
PRQCAMBARUS CLARKII FED ELODEA (EGERA DENSA) AND ITS PRODUCTS OF DECOM 67- 1
PROCEDURES DESIGNED TO MAINTAIN HEAT TRANSFER EFFICIENCY /.BIOCHEMICAL 2- 1
PROPERTIES OF SEDIMENTS: A SUCCESSIONAL PERSPECTIVE /.EFFECTS OF MARI 55- 1
PROTEIN CONCENTRATION. PH.D. DISSERTATION /.EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUID 38- 2
" CONCENTRATION /.IMPORTANCE OF MONITORING METABOLIC RECOVERY IN 39- 1
PUERTO RICO /.GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF REEF-BUILDING CORALS WITHIN AN 19- 1
PUGIQ /.ACCUMULATION, TISSUE DISTRIBUTION ANO DEPURATION OF 3ENZQ(A)?Y 33- 2
" RELATION TO MOLTING AND EXPOSURE TO BARITE /.BARIUM, STRONTIUM 7- 1
n IN RELATION TO TH-£ MOLT CYCLE. M.S. THESIS /.BARIUM. STRONTIUM 6- 1
•' /.CILIARY STRUCTURES IN THE BRANCHIAL UNICELLULAR GLANDS OF THE 21- 2
11 AND A FISH (CYPRINQDON VARIEGATUS) (ABSTRACT) /.COMPARATIVE TOX 13- 2
" /.COMPARATIVE TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY OF CHLOROPHENOLS: STUD 54- 1
" (ABSTRACT) /.COMPARATIVE ULTRASTRUCTURS OF THREE TYPES OF TEGUME 20- 2
/.EFFECT OF SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE ON EXOSKEL6TAL CALCIUM IM 6- 2
/.EFFECTS OF BARITE AND US£D DRILLING MUDS ON CRUSTACEANS, WITH 12- 1
HOLT-RELATED TOXICITY AN3 INHIBITION OF LIMB REGENERATION /»EF 12- 2
BY SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE /.INHIBITION OF LIMB REGENERATION 53- 1
PAGE 82
n
ti
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KEYWORD TITLE INDEX P I
A T
G E
E M
P
PUGIO /.PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF OITHIOCARBAM 54- 2
" /.PHYSIOLOGICAL AND . HISTQPATHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE TOXICITY 52- 3
11 I. COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY. CYCLICAL ACTIVITY, AND INNERVATION / 22- 2
" II. PRENOLT DUCTULE REFORMATION: REPLACEMENT OF CILIARY PROCESS 23- 1
« /.SYNCYTIAL NATURE AND PHAGOCYTIC ACTIVITY OF THE BRANCHIAL PODO 22- 1
11 AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF THE MOLT CYCLE /.TQXICITY OF SODIUM PENT 11- 1
11 IN RELATION TO THE MOLT CYCLE /,TOXICITY OF SODIUM PENTACHLOROP 11- 2
11 -IN RELATION TO THE MOLT CYCLE /.ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES INDUCED 20- 1
11 OCCURRENCE OF TRANSITORY CILIARY AXONEMES ASSOCIATED'WITH THE S 21-1
PYRENE AND BENZCA)ANTHRACENE IN THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMQNETES PUGIO / 33- 2
Q
QUINQUIESPERFORATA.ON SEDIMENTARY MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE /.EFFE 65- 2
R
RANGE: VIEQUES, PUERTO RICO /.GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF REEF-3UILOING 19- 1
RECLIVATA CMOLLUSCA: GASTROPODA) TO LABORATORY , ECOSYSTEMS USED IN POLL 35- 1
11 /.SOME FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE'SNAIL NER 42- 1
RECOVERY.IN THE CORAL ACROPORA CERVICDRNIS AFTfR SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE T 39- 1
" BY THE CORAL ACROPORA CERVICORNIS AFTER DRILLING HUD EXPOSURE 50- 1
RED HAKE, UROPHYCIS CHUSS CWALBAUM) I. ESTABLISHMENT OF BEHAVIORAL 8AS 45- 2
11 HAKE, UROPHYCIS CHUSS CWIL3AUM) II. EFFECTS ON ESTABLISHMENT - SEHAV 46- 1
REEF BUILDING CORAL MCNTASTREA ANNULARIS /.EFFECT OF WELL-DRILLING FLU 47- 1
11 BUILDING CORAL MONTASTREA ANNULARIS /.EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUD ON 18- 3
" CORALS: A REVIEW /.EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON is- 2
" BUILDING CORALS WITHIN AND EXTERNAL TO A NAVAL ORDINANCE RANGE: 19- 1
n CORALS /.PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUDS ON 59- .1
REFORMATION:-REPLACEMENT OF CILIARY PROCESSES BY CYTOPLASMIC PROCESSES 23- i
" OF THE DUCTULE /»ULTSASTRUCTURE DF AN EXOCRINE OSRMAL GLAN 21- 1
REGENERATION /.EFFECTS OF TWO DITHIQCASBAMATES ON THE GRASS SHRIMP, PA 12- 2
« IN THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETcS PUGIO. 8Y SODIUM PENTAC 53- 1
REGENERATIVE.LIM3 GROWTH AS SENSITIVE INDICATORS OF AQUATIC POLLUTANT 52- 2
REPRESENTATIVE ESTUARINE ORGANISMS /.ACUTE AND SU8LETHAL EFFECTS OF WH 56-1
RESOLUTION GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY OF FATTY ACID METHYL ESTERS /.CHARACTERI 3- 1
RESPIRATION IN CRUSTACEANS /.EFFECTS OF SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATS AND 9- 1
RESPONSE OF THE MARINE MICROFOULING COMMUNITY STRUCTURE TQ CLEANING PR 2- 1
RESPONSES OF DEVELOPING ESTUARINt MACROBSNTHIC COMMUNITIES TO DRILLING 63- 1
11 OF MACRQSENTHOS COLONIZING ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS CONTAMINATED 59- 2
" OF SELECTED SCLESACTINIAN CORALS TO DRILLING FLUIDS USED IN 64- 1
11 OF THE HERMATYPIC CORAL MADRACIS DECACTIS EXPOSED TQ ORILLIN 40- 1
" OF THE HERMATYPIC CORAL MADRACIS DECACTIS EXPOSED TO DRILLIN 41- 1
RHITHROPANOPEUS HARRISII AND CALLINECTES SAPIDUS /.EFFECTS OF SOLU3LE 4- 2
HARRISII AND CALLINECTES SAPIDUS /.EFFECTS OF SOLUBLE 5- 1
RICO.V.GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF REEF-BUILDING CORALS WITHIN AND EXTSR 19- 1
ROSETTE GLANDS IN THc GILLS DF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO. I 22- 2
" GLANOS IN TH£ GILLS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO. I 23- 1
RUNNING SEAWATER /.EFFECTS OF OIL AND GAS WELL-DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE 58- 1
S
S.'THESIS /,BARIUM, STRONTIUM AND CALCIUM IN THE EXOSKELETAL AND SOFT 6- 1
. THESIS /.EFFECTS QF DRILL MUD ON THE FREE AMINO ACIO POOL DF ACROPQ 14- 1
SALINITY-CHANGE ON THE FREE AMINO ACID POOLS OF TWO NEREID POLYCH/JETES 39- 2
SANDS IN RUNNING ScAWATER /.EFFECTS QF OIL AND GAS WELL-DRILLING FLUID 58- 1
SAPIDUS /.CHARACTERISTICS OF A CA(2+) -ACTIVATED ATPASc FROM THE HEPAT 34- 1
" UNDER DIFFERENT OSMOTIC CONDITIONS /.EFFECTS OF PENTACHLOROPH 7- 3
" /.EFFECTS OF SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE AND 2,4-DINITROPHENOL 0 34- 2
" />EFFECTS OF SOLUBLE FRACTIONS OF USED LIGHT-WEIGHT LIGNOSULFO 4- 2
" /.EFFECTS OF SOLUBLE FRACTIONS OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON DEVELDPME 5- 1
SCALLOP, ARGOPECTEN IRRADIANS /.EFFECTS OF WHOLE DRILLING MUD AND SELE 37- 2
SCLERACTINIAN CORALS TO DRILLING FLUIDS USED IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT 64- 1
SEA URCHIN FERTILIZATION AND EARLY DEVELOPMENT /.EFFECTS OF BARIUM'SUL 56- 2
PAGE 83
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KEYWORD TITLE INDEX P I
A T
G E
£ M
S
SEA URCHIN FERTILIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT (UNPUBLISHED REPORT) /,PROJEC 57- 1
SEAWATER /,E-FF£CTS OF OIL AND GAS WELL-DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE BIOMASS 58- 1
SEDIMENTARY MICROSIOTA /.BIOCHEMICAL DETERMINATION OF BIOMASS AND COMM 66- 2
" MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE /.EFFECTS OF 3IOTURBATION AN 65- 2
" MICROBIAL BIQMASS AND PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS /.FLUOROMETRIC 17- 1
11 MICROBIOTA BY EXCLUSION OF EPI3ENTHIC PREDATORS /.MQDIFICA 31- 2
SEDIMENTS /,CYCLING OF XENOBIOTICS THROUGH MARINE ANO ESTUARINE 16- 1
" A SUCCESSIONAL PERSPECTIVE /,EFFECTS OF MARINE'BENTHOS ON 55- 1
« /.MURAMIC ACID ASSAY IN 30- 3
" FOR LIPID ANALYSIS OF 3IDMAS5 COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF MICRQBI 31- 1
»' CONTAMINATED WITH DRILLING MUD CONTAINING DIESEL OIL /.RtSPQ 59- 2
" /.SENSITIVE ASSAY, BASED ON HYDROXY FATTY ACIDS FROM LIPOPOL 46- 2
" /.SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS INDICATING 32- 1
SENSITIVE INDICATORS OF AQUATIC POLLUTANT TOXICITY TO CRUSTACEANS /»MO 52- 2
« ASSAY, BASED ON HYDRDXY FATTY ACIDS FROM LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE 46- 2
SETTLING IN THE L03STER HOMARUS AMERICANUS /,BEHAVIOR AND SUBSTRATE SE 5- 2
SHELF DRILLING MUDS ON THE CALCIFICATION RATE ANO FREE AMINO ACID POOL 49- 2
SHELL MOVEMENTS OF THE BAY SCALLOP, ARGOPECTEN IRRADIANS /»EFFECTS OF 37- 2
11 SPINATIDN IN MELONGENA CORONA: SUBSPECIES CHARACTERISTIC OR SIZ 36- 2
SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE TO DRILLING MUDS: CALCIFICATION RATE AND PROTEIN 39- 1
SHRIMP, PALAEMONETSS PUGIO /.ACCUMULATION, TISSUE DISTRIBUTION AND DSP 33- 2
11 • PALAEMONETES PUGIO: RELATION TO MOLTIMG AND EXPOSURE TO BARIT 7- 1
" PALAEMDNETES PUGIO, IN RELATION TO THE MOLT CYCLE. M.S, THESI 6- 1
" PALAEMONETES PUGIO /.CILIARY STRUCTURES IN THE BRANCHIAL UNICE 21- 2
" PALAcMONETES IMTERMEDIUS /COMPARATIVE TOXICITY OF OFFSHORE AN 10- 3
" PALAEMONETES PUGIO /,COMPARAT IVE TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 0 54- 1
" PALAEMQNETES PUGID (ABSTRACT) /.COMPARATIVE ULTRA STRUCTURE OF 20- 2
" EXPOSED TO HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM /.CUTICULAR LESIONS INDUCED IN G 23- 2
11 PALAEMONETES PUGIO /.EFFECT OF SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE ON EX 6- 2
" PALAEMONETES PUGIO /.EFFECTS OF BARITE AND USED DRILLING'MUDS 12- 1
" PALAEMONETES PUGIO: MOLT-RELATED TOXICITY AND INHIBITION OF L 12- 2
" FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TQ HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM /,HISTOPATHOLDGICAL A 26- 1
11 EXPOSED TO CHROMIUM, PENTACHLOROPHgNOL, AND DITHIOCARBAMATES /, 52- 1
" PALAEMONETES PUGIO, BY SODIUM PENTACHLQROPHENATE /.INHIBITION 53- 1
" PALAEMDNETES PUGIO /.PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HISTOPATHDLOGICAL EVALU 54- 2
11 PALAEMQNETES PUGIO /.PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGlCAL EVALUA 52- 3
11 PALAEMONSTES PUGIO. I. COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY, CYCLICAL ACTIVI 22- 2
" PALAEMONETES PUGIO. II. PREMOLT OUCTULE REFORMATION: REPLACEME 23- 1
11 PALAEMONSTES PUGIO /.SYNCYTIAL NATURE AND PHAGQCYTIC ACTIVITY 22- 1
" PALAEMONETES PUGIO, AT DIFFERENT STAGES DF THE MOLT CYCLE /.TO .11- 1
11 PALAEMONcTES PUGIO, IN RELATION TO THE MOLT CYCLE /.TOXICITY 0 11- 2
« EXPOSED TO TWO DITHIOCASBAMATE BIOCIDES /,ULTSASTRUCTURAL AND H 24- 1
" EXPOSED TO A DITHIOCAR6AHATE 3IOCIDE /,ULTRASTRUCTURAL AND HIST 25- 1
" PALAEMONSTES PUGIO, IN RELATION TO THE MOLT CYCLE /,ULTRASTRUC 20- 1
» PALAEMONETES PUGIO: OCCURRENCE OF TRANSITORY CILIARY AXONEMES 21- 1
SILICATE.G.RAIN SHAPE, STRUCTURE, AND LOCATION ON THE BIOMASS AND COMMU 45- 1
SLOUGHING ANO REFORMATION OF THE DUCTULE /,ULTRASTRUCTURE OF AN EXOCRI 21- 1
SNAIL NERITINA RfCLIVATA /.SOME FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DISTRIBUTION 0 42- I
SOCIAL BEHAVIOR IN THE SUPRALITTQRAL ISOPOO LIGIA EXOTICA (CRUSTACEA: 30- 2
SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE ON EXOSKELETAL CALCIUM IN THE GRASS SHRIMP, 6- 2
11 PENTACHLOROPHENATE AND 2,4-DINITROPHENOL ON RESPIRATION IN CRUS 9- 1
" PENTACHLOROPHENATE AND 2,4-DINITROP'HENOL ON HEP ATOPANCREATIC EN 34- 2
11 PENTACHLOROPHENATE /,INHIBITION OF LIMB REGENERATION IN THE GRA 53- 1
11 PENTACHLOROPHENATE (NA-PCP) TD THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES P 11- 1
" PENTACHLOROPHENATE TO THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO, IN 11- 2
" PENTACHLOROPHENATE IN THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO, IN 20- 1
SOLUBLE FRACTIONS OF USED LIGHT-WEIGHT LIGNOSULF13NATE TYPE MUD AND'HEX 4- 2
" FRACTIONS OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON DEVELOPMENT OF CRA3S, RHITHROP 5- 1
PAGE 84
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KEYWORD TITLE INDEX P I
A T
G e
E M
s
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION Or BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS INDICATING 3IOMASS AND 32- 1
SPECTRUM CHEMORECEPTOR CELLS IN THE WALKING LEGS OF TH = LOBSTER HOMARU 18- 1
SPINATION IN MELONGENA CORONA: SU3S?£CI£S CHARACTERISTIC OR SIZE RELA 36- 2
SPONSORED BY THE GULF 3REEZE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY, 1976-1 29- 1
STATUS AND MICR03IAL INFECTION WITH EXPOSURE TO OIL ANO GAS WELL DRILL 65--1
11 - AND MICRQ3IAL INFECTION OF THE REEF BUILDING CORAL MONTASTREA A 47- 1
11 /.FLUOROMETRIC DETERMINATION OF ADENOSINS NUCLEOTIDE DERIVATIVE 17- 1
STRESS IN THE GILL TISSUE OF THE OYSTER, CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA /,CHANG 49- 3
STRONTIUM AND CALCIUM LEVELS IN THE EXOSKELETON, HEPATOpANCREAS AND AB 7-1
" AND CALCIUM IN THE EXOSKELETAL AND SOFT TISSUES OF THE GRASS 6- 1
STRUCTURE TO CLEANING PROCEDURES DESIGNED TO MAINTAIN HEAT TRANSFER EF 2- 1
11 OF ESTUARINE DETRITAL AND SEDIMENTARY MICROBIOTA /,BIOCHEMIC 66- 2
" 3Y HIGH RESOLUTION GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY OF FATTY ACIO METHYL E 3-1
11 OF ESTUARINE DETRITAL MICRDBIOTA /.EFFECT OF LIGHT ON 3IQMAS 4- 1
11 OF COLONIZING MARINE MICRCBIOTA /,EFFECT OF SILICATE GRAIN S 45- 1
11 AND LOCATION ON THE BIQMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF COLO 45- 1
'» /,EFFECTS OF BIOTUR8ATIGM AND PREDATION BY MELLITA QUINQUIES 65- 2
" OF MICR0.3IQT.A THAT COLONIZE SANDS IN RUNNING SEAWATER /,£FFE 58- 1
" IN ESTUASINE DETRITAL MICROFLORA /, NONSELECTIV-E BIOCHEMICAL 66- 1
11 OF MICR03IOTA /,PRESERVATION Or ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS FOR LIPI 31- 1
" OF SOFT-BOTTOM 3ENTHIC COMMUNITIES IN THE VICINITY OF THE TE 67- 2
STRUCTURES IN THE 3RANCHIAL UNICELLULAR GLANDS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PA 21- 2
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS OF WHOLE USED DRILLING FLUIDS ON REPRESENTATIVE ESTU 56- 1
" METABOLIC RESPONSES OF THE HHRMATYPIC CORAL MADRACIS DSCACTI 40- 1
" METABOLIC RESPONSES OF THE HERMATYPIC CORAL MflORACIS DSCACTI 41- 1
SUBSPECIES CHARACTERISTIC DR SIZE RELATED? /.SHELL SPINATION IN MELONG 36- 2
SUBSTRATE SELECTION DURING LARVAL SETTLING IN THE LOBSTER HOMARUS AMER 5- 2
11 EXPOSURES /.EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUOS ON BEHAVIOR OF THE AMER 1- 1
SUCCINEA AND LEONEREIS CULVESI /.EFFECTS OF SALINITY CHANGE ON THE FRE 39- 2
SULFATE ON SEA URCHIN FERTILIZATION ANO EARLY DEVELOPMENT /.EFFECTS OF 56- 2
11 ON SEA URCHIN FERTILIZATION ANO DEVELOPMENT (UNPUBLISHED REPQR 57- 1
SUPRALITTORAL ISOPOD LIGIA EXOTICA (CRUSTACEA: ONXSCOIOEA) /,DRIENTAT 30- 2
SUSCEPTIBILITY'AND REGENERATIVE LIMB GROWTH AS SENSITIVE INDICATORS OF 52- 2
SYNCYTIAL NATURE AND PHAGOCYTIC ACTIVITY OF THE BRANCHIAL PODOCYTES IN 22- 1
T
TASTE SPECIALIST /.NARROW-SPECTRUM CHEMORECEPTDR CELLS IN THE WALKING 18- 1
TEGUHENTAL GLANDS IN THE GILLS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEM3NETES PUGIQ 20- 2
TELEOST ANO ECHINQDERM DEVELOPMENT /.DRILLING FLUID EFFECTS ON 14- 2
'« ANO AN ECHINGDERM /,EFFECTS OF A DRILLING FLUID ON THE DEVELOP 14- 3
TERRESTRIAL AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS: A LITERATURE REVIEW /,FATE AND 32- 2
TEXAS FLOWER GARDEN BANKS GULF Or MEXICO /,STRUCTURE OF SOFT-BOTTOM BE 67- 2
THESIS-/.BARIUM, STRONTIUM AND CALCIUM IN THE EXOSKELETAL AND SOFT TIS 6- 1
11 /,EFFECTS 0? DRILL MUD ON THE FREE AMIN3 ACID POOL OF ACROPORA 14- 1
TISSUE DISTRIBUTION AND DEPURATION OF 3ENZOCA)PYRENE AND BENZ(A}ANTHRA 33- 2
OF THE OYSTER, CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA /.CHANGES IN THE FREE AMIN 49- 3
TISSUES OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIQ, IN RELATION TO THE MO 6- 1
" FROM THE BLUE CRAB, CALLINECTES SAPIDUS, UNDER DIFFERENT OSMQT 7- 3
TOXICITIES AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS OF USED DRILLING MUDS: DATA SUMM 36- 1
" ANO CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS OF USED DRILLING MUDS: PROGRESS 35- 3
TOXICITY.OF EIGHT LABORATORY-PREPARED GENERIC DRILLING FLUIDS TO MYSID 28- 3
11 OF DRILLING FLUIDS: RECENT FINDINGS (ABSTRACT) /»AQUATIC 55- 2
11 OF WASTE DRILLING FLUIDS TO A CRUSTACEAN (PALAEMONETES PUGIO) 13~ 2
11 OF DRILLING MUDS: ROLE Or CHROMIUM AND PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON • 13^ 1
11 OF OFFSHORE AND OIL-ADDED DRILLING MUDS TO LARVAE OF THE GRAS 10- 3
" AND INHIBITION OF LIM3 REGENERATION /.EFFECTS OF TWO OITHIOCA 12- 2
" TO CRUSTACEANS /,MOLT-RELATED SUSCEPTIBILITY AND REGENERATIVE' 52- 2
" OF PENTACHLOROPHENOL TO CRUSTACEANS /., PHYSIOLOGICAL AND 'BIOCH 53- 2
11 TO THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO /, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND'H 54- 2
PAGE 85
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KEYWORD TITLE INDEX P I
ft T
G E
E M
T
TOXICITY-OF HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM TO THE GRASS SHRIMP PALAEMQNETES PUGIO 52- 3
" AND.CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF USED DRILLING MUDS /,SURVEY OF TH 44- 1
« OF DRILLING-MUD 8IOCIOES TO DEVELOPING ESTUARINE HACROBENTHIC 62- 1
11 OF SODIUM PENTACHLORQPHENATE (NA-PCP) TO THE GRASS SHRIMP, PA 11- 1
" Or SOOIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE TO THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETE 11- 2
TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY OF CHLQROPHENOLS: STUDIES ON THE GRASS SHR 54- 1
TRANSFER EFFICIENCY /.BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS 0? THE RESPONSE OF THS MARI 2- 1
TRANSITORY CILIARY AXONEMES ASSOCIATED WITH THE SLOUGHING AND REFORMAT 21- 1
TURBIDITY ON THE GROWTH AND METABOLIC STATE OF THE CORAL ACRQPORA CERV 38- 1
» QN THE METABOLIC STATE OF THE CORAL AC30PORA CERVICORNISt C 38- 2
U
ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE ANTENNAL GLAND, MIDGUT, HEPATOPANCR5AS, 26- 1
" AND HISTQLOGICAL STUDY OF DEGENERATIVE CHANGES IN THE 24- 1
» AND HI5TOLOGICAL STUDY OF DEGENERATIVE CHANGES LEADING 25- 1
" CHANGES INDUCED BY SODIUM PENT1CHLOROPHENATE IN THE GR 20- 1
ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THREE TYPES OF TEGUMENTAL GLANDS IN THE GILLS OF THE 20- 2
" OF AN EXOCRINE DERMAL GLAND IN THE GILLS OF THE GRASS S 21- 1
UNICELLULAR GLANDS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO /.CILIARY S 21- 2
URCHIN.FERTILIZATION AND EARLY DEVELOPMENT /.EFFECTS Or BARIUM SULFATE 56- 2
»» FERTILIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT (UNPUBLISHED REPORT) /.PROJECT RE 57- 1
UROPHYCIS CHUSS (WAL3AUM) I. ESTABLISHMENT OF BEHAVIORAL BASELINES: P 45- 2
" CHUSS (WILBAUM) II. EFFECTS ON ESTABLISHMENT BEHAVIORAL 3ASE 46- 1
V
VARIEGATUS) (ABSTRACT) /.COMPARATIVE TOXICITY OF WASTE DRILLING FLUIDS 13- 2
VICINITY-OF THE TEXAS fLOWER GARDEN 3ANKS GULF OF MEXICO /.STRUCTURE 0 67- 2
VIEQUES,'PUERTO RICO /.GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF REEF-BUILDING CORALS 19- I
VIRGINICA /.CHANGES IN THE FREE AMINO ACID POOL DURING ENVIRONMENTAL S 49- 3
W
WALBftUM) I. ESTABLISHMENT OF BEHAVIORAL BASELINES: PROGRESS REPORT Cl 45- 2
WALKING LEGS OF THE LOBSTER, HOMARUS AMERICANUS /.INFLUENCE OF DRILLIN 17- 2
•" LEGS OF THE L03STER HOMARUS AMERICANUS: TASTE SPECIALIST /,NA 18- 1
WASTE DRILLING FLUIDS TO A CRUSTACEAN (PALAEMONETES PUGIO) AND A FISH 13- 2
WATER COLUMN AND SUBSTRATE EXPOSURES /.EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUDS ON BEH 1- 1
WEIGHT LIGMOSULFQNATS TYPE MUD AND HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM ON THE COMPLETE 4- 2
WILBAUH) II. EFFECTS ON ESTABLISHMENT BEHAVIORAL BASELINES: PROGRESS 46- 1
X
XENOBIOTICS THROUGH MARINE AND ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS /.CYCLING'OF 16- 1
PAGE 86
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AUTHOR INDEX
PAGE 87
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AUTHOR INDEX
A
ANDREWS,"AUSTIN K.f JOINT AUTHOR.
RESULTS OF AN ADAPTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT MODELING WORKSHOP CONCERNING
POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF DRILLING MUDS AND CUTTINGS ON THE MARINE
ENVIRONMENT/,1-2
ATEMA, JELLE:
EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUDS ON BEHAVIOR OF THE AMERICAN LOBSTER, HQMARUS
AMERICANUS, IN WATER COLUMN AND SUBSTRATE EXPOSURES/,1-1
ATEMA, JELLEt JOINT AUTHOR.
BEHAVIOR AND SUBSTRATE SELECTION DURING LARVAL SETTLING IN THE LOBSTER
HOMARUS AMSRICANUS/,5-2
INFLUENCE OF DRILLING MUDS ON THE PRIMARY CHEMOSENSORY NEURONS'IN WALKING
LEGS OF THE LOBSTER, HOMARUS AMERICANUS/*17-2
NARROW-SPECTRUM CHEMORECEPTOR CELLS IN THE WALKING LEGS OF THE LOBSTER
HOMARUS AMSRICANUS: TASTE SPECIALIST/,18-1
AUBLE, ®OR T.:
RESULTS OF AN ADAPTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT MODELING WORKSHOP CONCERNING
POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF DRILLING MUDS. AND CUTTINGS ON THE MARINE
ENVIRONMENT/,1-2
B
BARSHAW,, DIANA E-, JOINT .'AUTHOR.
EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUDS ON BEHAVIOR OF THt AMERICAN LOBSTER, HOMARUS
AMERICANUS, IN WATER COLUMN AND SUBSTRATE EXPOSURES/,1-1
8ATTEY, J,t JOINT AUTHOR.
PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF OIL-DRILLING MUDS ON THE CARIBBEAN CORAL MQNT&STREA
ANNULARIS/,53-2
BENSON* P.H.> JOINT AUTHOR.
BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF THE RESPONSE OF THE MARINE MICROFOULING COMMUNITY
STRUCTURE TO CLEANING PROCEDURES DESIGNED TO MAINTAIN HEAT TRANSFER
EFFICIENCY/,2-1
BIGGS, D.C., JOINT AUTHOR.
SU3LETHAL METABOLIC RESPONSES OF THE HHRMATYPIC CORAL MADRACIS OSCACTIS
EXPOSED TO DRILLING MUD ENRICHED WITH FERRQCHRQME LIGNOSULFONATE/,40-1
BOBBIE, RONALD.J.
BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF THE RESPONSE OF THE MARINE MICROFOULING COMMUNITY
STRUCTURE TO CLEANING PROCEDURES DESIGNED TO MAINTAIN HEAT TRANSFER
EFFICIENCY/,2-1
CHARACTERIZATION OF SENTHIC MICRDBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE 8Y HIGH RESOLUTION
GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY OF FATTY ACID METHYL ESTERS/,3-1
EFFECT OF LIGHT ON SIOMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF ESTUARINE OETRITAL
MlCRQBIQTA/,4-1
BOBBIE* RONALD.J., JOINT IAUTHOR.
EFFECT OF SILICATE GRAIN SHAPE, STRUCTURE, AND LOCATION ON THE BIOMASS AND
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF COLONIZING MARINE MICR03IOTA/,45-1
PAGE 83
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AUTHOR INDEX
B
BOBBIE* RONALD J., JOINT AUTHOR.
EFFECTS 0? BIOTURBATION AND PREDATION BY MELLITA QUINQUIESPERFORATA ON
SEDIMENTARY MICRQ8IAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE/,65-2
EFFECTS OF OIL AND GAS WELL-DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE BIQMASS AND'COMMUNITY
STRUCTURE OF MICSQSIOTA THAT COLONIZE SANDS IN RUNNING SEAWATER/t58-1
NQNScLECTIVE BIOCHEMICAL METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF FUNGAL MASS AND
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN 6STUARINE DETRITAL MICROFLORA/,66-1
BOLTONf SUZANNE* JOINT AUTHOR.
DRILLING MUD RESEARCH—OVERSIGHT/,48-1
BQOKHQUT, CAZLYN G-
EFFECTS OF SOLUBLE FRACTIONS OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON DEVELOPMENT'OF CRABS,
RHITHROPANOPEUS HARRISII AND CALLINECTES SAPlDUS/,5-1
EFFECTS 3F SOLUBLE FRACTIONS OF USED LIGHT-WEIGHT LIGNOSULFONATE TYPE MUD
AND HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM ON THE COMPLETE LARVAL DEVELOPMENT OF CRABS,"
RHITHRQPANOPSUS HARRISII AND CALLINECTES SApIDUS/,4-2
BOTERO, LEONOR
BEHAVIOR AND SUBSTRATE SELECTION DURING LARVAL SETTLING IN THE LOBSTER
HOMARUS AMERICANUS/,5-2
80YER, LARRY IF., JOINT AUTHOR.
EFFECTS OF MARINE BENTHOS ON PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SEDIMENTS: A
SUCCESSIONAL PERSPECTIVE/,55-1
3RANNON,:ANITA C.
BARIUM* STRONTIUM AND CALCIUM IN THE EXOSKELETAL ANO SOFT TISSUES OF THE
GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO, IN RELATION TO THE MOLT CYCLE. M.S.
THESIS/,6-1
BARIUM, STRONTIUM AND CALCIUM LEVELS IN THE EXOSKELETON, HEPATDPANCREAS AND
ABDOMINAL MUSCLE OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONET£S PUGIO: RELATION T0=
MOLTING AND EXPOSURE TO BARITE/,7-1
EFFECT OF SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHcNATE ON EXOSKELETAL CALCIUM IN THE GRASS
SHRIMP, PALAEMON5TES PUGIO/,6-2
BRANNON, ANITA C-, JOINT.AUTHOR.
INHIBITION OF LIMB REGENERATION IN THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO, BY
SODIUM PENTACHLQaDPHENATE/,S3-l
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THE TOXICITY OF
PENTACHLORQPHENOL TO CRUSTACEANS/,53-2
BRIGHT, THOMAS J., JOINT AUTHOR.
EFFECT OF EIGHT OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF DRILLING MUDS ON THE CALCIFICATION
RATE AND FREE AMINO ACID POOL OF THE CORAL ACROPQRA CERVICORNIS/,49-2
EFFECTS OF AN OFFSHORE DRILLING FLUID ON SELECTED CORALS/,63-2
EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS (MUDS) AND TURBIDITY ON THE GROWTH AND METABOLIC
STATE OF THE CORAL ACROPQRA CERVICORNIS, WITH COMMENTS ON METHODS OF
NORMALIZATION FDR CORAL DATA/,38-1
'PAGE . 89
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AUTHOR INDEX
B
BRIGHT* THOHAS J., JOINT.AUTHOR.
IMPORTANCE OF MONITORING METABOLIC RECOVERY IN THE CORAL ACROPORA
CERVICORNIS AFTER SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE TO DRILLING MUDS: CALCIFICATION RATE
AND PROTEIN CONCENTRATION/,39-1
RECOVERY BY THE CORAL ACROPORA CERVICORNIS AFTER DRILLING MUD EXPOSURE. THE
FREE AMINO ACID POOL/,50-1
BURKE* TOM, JOINT AUTHOR.
DRILLING MUD RESEARCH—OVERSIGHT/,48-1
C
CANTELMO, ANGELA C. _
EFFECTS OF PENTACHLQROPHENOL CPC?) AND 2,4-DINlTRDPHENOL ON THE OXYGEN
CONSUMPTION OF TISSUES FROM THE BLUE CRA3, CALLINECTES SAPIDUSi UNDER
DIFFERENT OSMOTIC CONDITIONS/,7-3 -
EFFECTS OF SODIUM PENTACHLQRQPHENATE AND 2,4-DlNlTRO?HENOL ON RESPIRATION IN
CRUSTACEANS/,9-1
CANTELMO, ANGELA.C., JOINT AUTHOR.
COMPARATIVE TOXICOLOGY AND.PHARMACOLOGY OF CHLORDPHENOLS: STUDIES ON THE
GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO/,54-1
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THE TQXICITY OF
PENTACHLQROPHENOL TO CRUSTACEANS/,53-2
CANTELMO* FRANK R.
EFFECT OF 8ARITE ON MEIOFAUNA IN A FLOW-THROUGH EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEM/ilO-1
EFFECT OF PENTACHLOROPHENOL
-------
AUTHOR INDEX
C
CONKLIN,.PHILIP J. .
COMPARATIVE TOXICITY Or WASTE DRILLING FLUIDS TO A CRUSTACEAN CPALAEMONETES
PUGID) AND.A FISH CCYPRINOOQN VARIEGATUS) CA3STRACT)/,13-2
EFFECTS OF BARITE AND USED DRILLING MUDS ON CRUSTACEANSf WITH PARTICULAR
REFERENCE TO THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIQ/,12-1
EFFECTS OF TWO DITHIOCARBAMATES ON THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO:
MOLT-RELATED TOXICITY AND INHIBITION OF LIMB REGENERATION/,12-2
TOXICITY OF SOOIUM PENTACHL030PH5NATE (NA-PCP) TO THE GRASS SHRIMP,
PALAEMONETES PUGIO, AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF THE MOLT CYCLE/,11-1
TOXICITY OF SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE TO THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES
PUGID,"IN RELATION TO THE MOLT CYCLE/,11-2
CONKLIN* PHILIP J, , JOINT AUTHOR.
COMPARATIVE TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY OF CHLORDPHENOLS: STUDIES ON THE
GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMQNETES PUGIO/,54-1
CUTICULAR LESIONS INDUCED IN GRASS SHRIMP EXPOSED TO HEXAVALENT
CHROMIUM/,23-2
EFFECT OF SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE ON EXOSKELETAL CALCIUM IN THE GRASS
SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO/,6-2
EFFECTS OF SODIUM PEMTACHLQRDPHENATE AND 2,4-OINITRQPHENOL ON RESPIRATION IN
CRUSTACEANS/,9-1
INHIBITION.OF LIM3 REGENERATION IN THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO, BY
SOOIUM PENTACHLORDPHcNATE/,53-1
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF TH£- TOXICITY OF
PENTACHLOROPHENOL TO CRUSTACEANS/,53-2
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HISTOPAT'riOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF DITHIOCAR8AMATE TOXICITY
TO THE.GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO/,54-2
CONNER, S.J.t JOINT AUTHOR.
EFFECT OF EIGHT OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF DRILLING MUDS ON THE CALCIFICATION
RATE AND FREE AMINO ACID POOL OF THE CORAL ACROPORA CERVlCORNIS/i49-2
CONNOR, S.J.i JOINT AUTHOR.
EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS CMUDS) AND TURBIDITY ON THE GROWTH AND METABOLIC
STATE OF THE CORAL ACRDPORA CE3VICORNIS, WITH COMMENTS ON METHODS OF
NORMALIZATION FOR CORAL DATA/,38-1
IMPORTANCE OF MONITORING METABOLIC RECOVERY IN THE CORAL ACROPORA '
CERVICORNIS AFTER SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE TO DRILLING MUDS: CALCIFICATION RATE
AND PROTEIN CONCENTRATION/,39-1
RECOVERY BY THE CORAL ACROPORA CERVICORNIS AFTER DRILLING MUO EXPOSURE. THE
FREE AMINO.ACID POOL/,50-1
CONNOR, SETH JOHN :
EFFECTS OF DRILL MUD ON THE FREE AMINO ACID POOL OF ACROPORA CERVICORNIS.
M.S. THESIS/,14-1
PAGE 91
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AUTHOR INDEX
C
COSTLOW, JOHN D., JOINT AUTHOR.
EFFECTS OF SOLUBLE FRACTIONS OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON DEVELOPMENT OF CRABSf
RHITHRQPANQPEUS HARRISII AND CALLINECTES SAPIDUS/»5-l
EFFECTS OF SOLUBLE FRACTIONS OF USED LIGHT-WEIGHT LIGNOSULFQNATE TYPE MUD
AND HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM ON THE COMPLETE LARVAL DEVELOPMENT OF CRABS,
RHITHROPANOPEUS HARRISII AND CALLINECTES SAPIDUS/,4-2
CRAWFORD, RICHARD B.
DRILLING FLUID EFFECTS ON TELEDST AND ECHINOOERM DEVELOPMENT/,14-2
EFFECTS OF A DRILLING FLUID ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF A TELEQST ANO AN
ECHINODERM/,14-3
EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT/»15-1
CRIPE, G.M.t JOINT.AUTHOR..
ACUTE TQXICITY OF EIGHT LABORATORY-PREPARED GENERIC DRILLING FLUIDS TO
MYSIDS CMYSIOOPSIS BAH.I A )/, 23-3
CUOMO* M. CARMELA, JOINT.AUTHOR.
EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUDS ON BEHAVIOR OF THE AMERICAN LOBSTER, HOHARUS
AMERICANUS, IN WATER COLUMN AND SUBSTRATE EXPOSURES/,1-1
0
O'ASARO, CHARLES N.
CYCLING OF XEN03IOTICS THROUGH MARINE AND ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS/,16-1
D'ASARQ. CHARLES N., JOINT - AUTHOR.
ACUTE ANO SU3LETHAL EFFECTS OF WHOLE USED DRILLING FLUIDS ON REPRESENTATIVE
ESTUARINE ORGANISMS/,56-1
DALBO, C.E., JOINT;AUTHOR..
. RESPONSES OF DEVELOPING ESTUARINE MACROBENTHlC COMMUNITIES TO DRILLING
MUDS/,63-1
DALLMEYER, D-, JOINTZAUTHOR..
PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF OIL-DRILLING MUDS ON THE CARIBBEAN CORAL MONTASTREA
ANNULARIS/,53-2
DAVIS, WILLIAM M.
FLUQRQMETRIC DETERMINATION OF AOENOSINE NUCLEOTIDE DERIVATIVES AS MEASURES
OF THE MICROFOULING, DETRITAL ANO SEDIMENTARY MICRDBIAL BIOMASS AND
PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS,/ ,17-1
DAVIS, WILLIAM M., JOINT.AUTHOR.
EFFECT OF LIGHT ON BIDMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF SSTUARINE DETRITA'L
MlCROBIOTA/,4-1
EFFECTS OF BIOTURBATION ANO PREOATION 3Y MELLITA QUINQUIESPERFORATA ON
SEDIMENTARY MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE/,65-2
NONSELECTIVE BIOCHEMICAL METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF FUNGAL MASS ANO
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN ESTUARINE OETRITAL MICROFLORA/,66-1
DEANS, CHRISTINE H., JOINT AUTHOR.
RESPONSES OF MACSOSENTHOS COLONIZING ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS CONTAMINATED WITH
DRILLING MUD CONTAINING DIESEL OIL/,59-2
PAGE 92
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AUTHOR INDEX
0
DERBY* CHARLES 0.
INFLUENCE OF DRILLING MUDS ON TH£ PRIMARY CHEMDSENSQRY NEURONS'IN WALKING
LEGS OF THE LOBSTER, HQMARUS AMERICANUS/,17-2
NARROW-SPECTRUM CHEMQRECePTOR CELLS IN THE WALKING LEGS OF THE LOBSTER
HOMARUS AMERICANUS: TASTE SPECIALIST/,18-1
DERBY, JENNIFER G. SMITH, JOINT AUTHOR.
DRILLING FLUID EFFECTS TO DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES OF THE AMERICAN LOBSTER/,10-2
DODGE, RICHARD E.
EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON REEF CORALS: A REVIEW/,13-2
EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUD ON THE REEF-BUILDING CORAL MONTASTREA
ANNULARIS/,13-3
ENVIRONMENTAL CORRELATES OF HERMATYPIC CORAL CMONTASTREA ANNULARIS) GROWTH
ON THE EAST FLOWER GARDENS SANK, NORTHWEST GULF OF MEXICO/,19-2
GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF REEF-BUILDING CORALS WITHIN AND EXTERNAL TO A
NAVAL ORDINANCE RANGE: VIEQUES, PUERTO RICO/,19-1
DOUGHTIE, D. G.i JOINT AUTHOR*
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HISTOPATHQLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE TOXICITY OF HEXAVALENT
CHROMIUM TO THE GRASS SHRIMP PALAEMQNETES PUSIO/,52-3
DOUGHTIE, OANIEL G. .
CILIARY STRUCTURES IN THE 3R3NCHIAL UNICELLULAR GLANDS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP,
PALAEMONETES PUGIO/,21-2
COMPARATIVE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THREE TYPES OF TEGUMENTAL GLANDS IN THE GILLS
OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO C ASSTR.ACT)/, 20-2
CUTICULAR LESIONS INDUCED IN GRASS SHRIMP EXPOSED TO HEXAVALENT
CHROMIUM/,23-2
HISTOPATHDLOGICAL AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE ANTENNAL GLAND, MIDGUT,
HEPATOPANCREAS, AND GILL 0? GRASS SHRIMP FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO HEXAVALENT
CHROMIUM/,26-1
ROSETTE GLANDS IN THE GILLS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIQ. I.
COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY, CYCLICAL ACTIVITY, AND INNERVATIQN/,22-2
ROSETTE GLANDS IN THE GILLS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO. II.
PREMOLT DUCTULE REFORMATION: REPLACEMENT OF CILIARY PROCESSES 3Y CYTOPLASMIC
PROCESSES IN RELATION TO GLAND MATURATION/,23-1
SYNCYTIAL NATURE AND PHAGOCYTIC ACTIVITY OF THE BRANCHIAL PODOCYTES IN THE
GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO/,22-1
ULTRASTRUCTURAL AND HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF DEGENERATIVE CHANGES IN THE
ANTENNAL GLANDS, HEPATOPANCREAS, AND MIDGUT OF GRASS SHRIMP EXPOSED TO TWO
OITHIOCARBAMATE SIQCIDES/,24-1
ULTRASTRUCTURAL AND HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF DEGENERATIVE CHANGES LEAOINGfTO
3LACK GILLS IN GRASS SHRIMP EXPOSED TO A DITHIOCAR3AMATE 8-IOClOE/f 25-1
PAGE 93
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AUTHOR INDEX •
D
DOUGHTIE, DANIEL G.
ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES INDUCED 3Y SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE"IN THE GRASS '
SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIQ, IN RELATION TO THE MOLT CYCLE/,20-1
ULTRASTRUCTURE Or AN EXOCRlNc DERMAL GLAND IN TH£ GILLS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP,
PALAEMONETES PUGIO: OCCURRENCE OF TRANSITORY CILIARY AXONEMES ASSOCIATED
WITH THE SLOUGHING-AND REFORMATION OF THE DUCTULE/,21-1
DOUGHTIE, DANIEL G., JOINT AUTHOR*
COMPARATIVE TOXICITY-QF DRILLING MUDS:' ROLE OF CHROMIUM AND P6TROLEUM
HYDROCARBONS/,13-1
EFFECTS QF BARITE AND USED DRILLING MUDS ON CRUSTACEANS, WITH PARTICULAR
REFERENCE TO THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEHONETES PUGIQ/,12-1
HISTOPATHDLQGICAL CHANGES IN GRASS SHRIMP EXPOSED TO CHROMIUM,
PENTACHLOROPHENOL, AND DITHIGCAR3AMATES/,52-1
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF DITHIOCARBAMATE TOXICITY
TO THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO/,54-2
DRYSDALE, 0.» JOINT AUTHOR.
COMPARATIVE TOXICITY OF DRILLING MUDS: ROLE OF CHROMIUM AND PETROLEUM
HYDROCARBONS/,13-1
DUKE, THOMAS M.
POTENTIAL IMPACT Or DRILLING FLUIDS ON ESTUARINS PRODUCTIVITY/,28-1
DUKE, THOMAS W.
ACUTE TOXICITY OF EIGHT LABORATORY-PREPARED GENERIC DRILLING FLUIDS TO
MYSIOS CMYSIDOPSIS BAHIA>/,23-3
IMPACT OF DRILLING FLUIDS QN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT (ABSTRACT)/,27-1
RESULTS OF THE DRILLING FLUIDS RESEARCH PROGRAM SPONSORED BY THE GULF BREEZE
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY, 1976-1934, AND THEIR APPLICATION TO
HAZARD ASSESSMENT/,29-1
SUMMARY OF EPA DRILLING FLUID RESEARCH ACTIVITIES/,28-2
E
ELLISON* RICHARD A., JOINT AUTHOR.
RESULTS OF AN ADAPTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT MODELING WORKSHOP CONCERNING
POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF DRILLING MUDS AND CUTTINGS ON THE MARINE
ENVIRONMENT/,1-2
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY, GULF BREEZE* FL
INDEX AND ABSTRACTS TO PUBLICATIONS: THE EPA DRILLING FLUID HAZARD
ASSESSMENT RESEARCH PROGRAM/,30-1
F
FARR, JAMES A..
ORIENTATION AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR IN THE SUPRALITTQRAL ISOPOD LIGIA EXOTICA
(CRUSTACEA; ONISCOI9EA)/,30-2
FAZIO, STEVEN 0,
MURAMIC ACID ASSAY IN SEDIMENTS/,30-3
PAGE 94
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AUTHOR INDEX
F
FAZIO, STEVEN D., JOINT AUTHOR.
EFFECT Or LIGHT ON BIOMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE Or ESTUARINE DETRITAL
MICROBIOTA/,4-1
EFFECTS OF BIDTURBATION AND PREDATIQN BY MSLLITA QUINQUIESPERFORATA ON
SEDIMENTARY MICR08IAL COMMUNITY STSUCTURE/»65-2
NONSELECTIVE BIOCHEMICAL METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF FUNGAL MASS AND
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN ESTUARINE DETRITAL MICROFLDRA/,66-1
FEDERLE, THOMAS H.
MODIFICATIONS OF ESTUASINE SEDIMENTARY MICRQ&IQTA 3Y EXCLUSION OF EPI8ENTHIC
PREDATQRS/,31-2
PRESERVATION Or ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS FOR LIPID ANALYSIS Or BIOMASS COMMUNITY
STRUCTURE OF MICROBIOTA/,31-1
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION Or BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS INDICATING BIOMASS AND
COMMUNITY COMPOSITION OF MICR03IAL ASSEMBLIES IN ESTUARINE MUD FLAT
SEDIMENTS/,32-1
FERRANTE, JOHN G.
FATE AND EFFECTS OF WHOLE DRILLING FLUIDS AND FLUID COMPONENTS IN
TERRESTRIAL AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS: A LITERATURE REVIEW/,32-2
FINOtAY»:RDBERT H,
POLYMERIC BETA-HYDROXYALKANOATES FROM ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES AND BACILLUS
MEGATERIUM/,33-1
FINOLAY,.ROBERT H,, JOINT AUTHOR.
EFFECT OF LIGHT ON BIOMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF ESTUARINE OETRITAL
MICRQSIQTA/,4-1
EFFECTS OF BIOTURBATION AND PREDATION BY MgLLITA QUlNQUlcSPERFORATA ON
SEDIMENTARY MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE/,65-2
FLEISCHMANN, E., JOINT AUTHOR.
PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF OIL-DRILLING MUOS ON THE CARIBBEAN CORAL MONTASTREA
ANNULARIS/,58-2
FORWARD, RICHARD B., JR., JOINT AUTHOR.
EFFECTS OF SOLUBLE FRACTIONS OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON DEVELOPMENT OF CRABS,
8HITHRQPANOPEUS HARRIS!! AND CALLINECTES SAPIDUS/,5-1
EFFECTS OF SOLUBLE FRACTIONS OF USED LIGHT-WEIGHT LIGNOSULFONATE TYPE MUD
AND HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM ON THE COMPLETE LARVAL DEVELOPMENT OF CRABS,
RHITHROPANOPEUS HARRISII AND CALLINECTES SAPIDUS/,4-2
FOX* FERRIS R-
ACCUMULATION, TISSUE DISTRIBUTION AND DEPURATION OF BENZOCA)PYRENE AND
3ENZCA3ANTHRACENE IN THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO/,33-2
CHARACTERISTICS OF A CA(2+> -ACTIVATED ATPASt FROM THE HEPATQPANCREAS OF THE
BLUE CRA3, CALLINECTES SAPIDUS/,34-1
EFFECTS OF SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE AND 2,4-DINITRDPHENDL ON
HEPATOPANCREATIC ENZYMES IN THE BLUE CRAB, CALLINECTES SAPIDUS/,34-2
PAGE 95
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AUTHOR INDEX
F
FOX, FERRIS R*f JOINT AUTHOR.
COMPARATIVE TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY OF CHLORDPHENOLS: STUDIES ON THE'
GRASS SHRIMP, PALAtMONETES PUGIQ/,54-1
EFFECTS OF SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE AMD 2,4-DINITRQPHENOL ON RESPIRATION IN
CRUSTACEANS/19-1
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THE TQXICITY OF
PENTACHLOROPHENOL TO CRUSTACEANS/,53-2
FREORICKSON, HERBERT-L., JOINT AUTHOR.
SENSITIVE ASSAY, BASED ON HYDROXY FATTY ACIDS FROM LIPOPDLYSACCHARIDE LIPIO
A, FOR GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA IN SEDIMENTS/,46-2
G
GAETZt.C.T. -
APPLICABILITY OF NERITINA RECLIVATA CMOLLUSCA: GASTROPODA) TO LABORATORY
ECOSYSTEMS USED IN POLLUTION RESEARCH (UNPUBLISHED)/,35-1
GATES, JONATHAN D«, JOINT AUTHOR.
DRILLING FLUID EFFECTS ON TELEOST AND ECHINODERM DEVELOPMENT/,14-2
EFFECTS OF A DRILLING FLUID ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF A TELEOST AND AN
ECHINQOERM/,14-3
GEHRQN, MICHAEL J-, JOINT AUTHOR.
BIOCHEMICAL MEASURES OF CORAL METABOLIC ACTIVITY, NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND
MICROBIAL INFECTION WITH EXPOSURE TO OIL AND GAS WELL DRILLING FLUIDS/,65-1
EFFECT OF WELL-DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS AND MICR03IAL
INFECTION OF THE REEF BUILDING'CORAL MONTASTREA ANNULARIS/.47-1
GIESENSCHLAG, A., JOINT AUTHOR.
.APPLICABILITY OF NERITINA RECLIVATA CMOLLUSCA: GASTROPODA) TO LABORATORY
ECOSYSTEMS USED IN POLLUTION RESEARCH CUNPUBLISHED)/,35-1
GILBERT, T.R.
STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF DISCHARGED DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE GEORGES BANK
ENVIRONMENT: PROGRESS RSPORT NO. 2/.3S-2
SURVEY OF THE TOXICITIES AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS OF USED DRILLING MUDS:
OATA SUMMARY, JANUARY 1, 1983 (UNPUBLISHED)/,36-1
SURVEY OF THE TOXICITIES AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS OF USED DRILLING MUDS:
PROGRESS REPORT NO. 3 (FOR THE PERIOD SEPTEM3ER 1, 1981 - FEBRUARY 15,:
1982)/,35-3
GILBERT,M.R.i JOINT.AUTHOR.
COMPARATIVE TOXICITY OF DRILLING MUDS: ROLE OF CHROMIUM AND PETROLEUM
HYDRQCAR3QNS/.13-1
H
HAMILTON, DAVID B., JOINT AUTHOR.
RESULTS OF AN ADAPTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT MODELING WORKSHOP CONCERNING
POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF DRILLING MUDS AND CUTTINGS ON THE MARINE
ENVIRONMENT/,1-2
PAGE 96
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AUTHOR INDEX
H
HAMILTON, PAUL V.
BEHAVIORAL ASSAYS FOR EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUDS ON MARINE ANIMALS/,37-1
EFFECTS OF WHOLE DRILLING MUD AND SELECTED COMPONENTS ON THE SHELL MOVEMENTS
OF THE BAY SCALLOP, ARGOPECTEN IRRADIANS/,37-2
SHELL SPINATION IN MHLONGENA CORONA: SU3SPECISS CHARACTERISTIC OR SIZE
RELATED?/,36-2
HAMILTON, PAUL V., JOINT AUTHOR.
APPLICABILITY OF NERITINA RECLIVATA (MOLLUSCA! GASTROPODA) TO LABORATORY
ECOSYSTEMS USED IN POLLUTION RESEARCH (UNPU3LISHED)/»35-1
SOME FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE SNAIL NERITINA
RECLIVATA/,42-1
HIGHT,.TERRY, JOINT AUTHOR.
ORILLING:MUD RESEARCH—OVERSIGHT/,48-1
HOEHN,:T.» JQINTIAUTHOR.i
PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF OIL-DRILLING MUDS ON THE CARIBBEAN CORAL MQNTASTREA
ANNULARIS/,58-2
HULLAR, MEREDITH A.,.JOINT AUTHOR.
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF 3IOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS INDICATING 8IQMASS AND
COMMUNITY COMPOSITION OF MICR03IAL ASSEMBLIES IN ESTUARINE HUD'FLAT
SEDIMENTS/,32-1
I
IVEY, JOEL M., JOINT-AUTHOR.
EFFECTS OF A LIGNOSULFQNATE-TYPE DRILLING MUO ON DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL
SSTUARINE MACROSENTHIC COMMUNITIES/,61-1
EFFECTS OF DOWICIDE G-.ST DN DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL tSTUARINE
MACR08ENTHIC COMMUNITIES/,61-2
EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUD ON DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL ESTUARINE
MACR08ENTHIC COMMUNITIES/,62-2
EFFECTS OF PtNTACHLOROPHENOL ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ESTUARINE
COMMUNITIES/,60-1
RESPONSES OF DEVELOPING ESTUARINE MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES TO DRILLING*
MUDS/,63-1
TOXICITY OF DRILLING-MUD BIOCIDES TO DEVELOPING ESTUARINE MACRDBENTHIC
COMMUNITIES/,62-1
J
JOHNSON,:RICHARD A., JOINT.AUTHOR.
RESULTS 3F AN ADAPTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT MODELING WORKSHOP CONCERNING
POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF DRILLING MUDS AND.CUTTINGS ON THE MARINE
ENVIRONMENT/,1-2
JOHNSON, V., JOINT AUTHOR*.
PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF OIL-DRILLING MUOS ON THE CARIBBEAN CORAL MONTASTREA
ANNULARIS/,58-2
PAGE 97
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AUTHOR INDEX
K
KAKAREKAi J.P., JOINT AUTHOR.
COMPARATIVE TDXICITY OF DRILLING MUDS: ROLE OF CHROMIUM AND PETROLEUM
HYDROCARBONS/f13-1
KASSCHAUt MARGARET R.t JOINT AUTHOR.
CHANGES IN THE FREE AMINO ACID POOL DURING ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS IN THE GILL
TISSUE OF THE OYSTER, CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA/t49-3
EFFECTS OF SALINITY CHANGE ON THE FREE AMINO ACID POOLS OF TWO NEREID
PQLYCHAETES, N6ANTHES SUCClNtA AND LeONEREIS CULVERI/,39-2
KELLENBERGER, 0.* JOINT AUTHOR.
APPLICABILITY OF NERITINA RECLIVATA (MOLLUSCA: GASTROPODA) TO LABORATORY
ECOSYSTEMS USED IN POLLUTION RESEARCH (UNPUBLISHED)/,35-1
KENDALL,.J.J.
EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS (MUDS) AND TURBIDITY ON THE GROWTH AND METABOLIC
STATE OF THE CORAL ACROPORA CERVICQRNIS, WITH COMMENTS ON METHODS OF
NORMALIZATION FOR CORAL DATA/,38-1
KENDALL,,J.J.,.JOINT!AUTHOR*
EFFECT Or EIGHT OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF DRILLING MUDS ON THE CALCIFICATION
RATE AND FREE AMINO ACID POOL OF THE CORAL ACROPDRA CERVICORNIS/,49-2
RECOVERY BY THE CORAL ACROPORA CERVICORNIS AFTER DRILLING MUD EXPOSURE. THE
FREE AMINO ACID POOL/,50-1
KENDALL,;J.J-, JR..
IMPORTANCE OF MONITORING METABOLIC RECOVERY IN THE CORAL ACROPORA
CERVICORNIS AFTER SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE TO DRILLING MUDS: CALCIFICATION RATE
AND PROTEIN CONCENTRATION/,39-1
KENDALL, JAHES J.
EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS
-------
AUTHOR .INDEX
L
LEAVITT,.DALE F*9 JOINT AUTHOR.
EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUDS ON BEHAVIOR OF THE AMERICAN LOBSTER, HQMARUS
AMERlCANUSi IN WATER COLUMN AND SUBSTRATE EXPOSURES/!1-1
LEHMAN* H.> JOINT AUTHOR.
APPLICABILITY OF NERITINA RECLiVATA (MOLLUSCAt GASTROPODS) TO LABORATORY
ECOSYSTEMS USED IN POLLUTION RESEARCH (UNPUBLISHED)/,35-1
LEHMAN, H,K.: .
SOME FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE SNAIL NERITINA
RECLIVATA/,42-1
LEHMAN, H.K., JOINT AUTHOR.
EFFECTS OF A LIGNOSULFONATE-TYPE DRILLING MUD ON DEVELOPMENT'OF EXPERIMENTAL
ESTUARINE MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES/,61-1
EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUD ON DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL ESTUARINE
MACR08ENTHIC COMMUNITIES/,62-2
LIVINGSTON* ROBERT J., JOINT AUTHOR.
MODIFICATIONS OF ESTUA8INE SEDIMENTARY MICR03IOTA BY EXCLUSION'OF EPIBENTHIC
PREDATORS/,31-2
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS INDICATING BIOMASS AND
COMMUNITY COMPOSITION OF MICROBIAL ASSEMBLIES IN ESTUARINE'MUD FLAT
SEDIMENTS/,32-1
LUCZKOVICH, JOSEPH J., JOINT.AUTHOR.
EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE BEHAVIOR Or THE JUVENILE RED HAKE,
UROPHYCIS CHUSS (WILBAUM) II. EFFECTS ON ESTABLISHMENT BEHAVIORAL BASELINES!
PROGRESS REPORT (1931) (UNPUBLISHED REPORT)/,46-1
EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUDS ON THE BEHAVIOR OF JUVENILE RED HAKE, UROPHYCIS
CHUSS (WALBAUM) I. ESTABLISHMENT OF- BEHAVIORAL BASELINES: PROGRESS REPORT
U980)/,45-2 *
M
MACAULEY, J.M., JOINT AUTHOR.
ACUTE TDXICITY OF EIGHT LABORATORY-PREPARED GENERIC DRILLING FLUIDS TO
MYSIDS (MYSIDOPSIS 3AHIA)/,28-3
MACAULEY,- S.D., JOINT AUTHOR.
ACUTE TOXICITY OF EIGHT LABORATORY-PREPARED GENERIC DRILLING FLUIDS TO
MYSIDS CMYSIOOPSIS BAHIA}/,28-3
MARMOREK, OAVIO R.» JOINT AUTHOR.
RESULTS 3F AN ADAPTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT MODELING WORKSHOP CONCERNING
POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF DRILLING MUDS AND CUTTINGS ON THE MARINE
ENVIRONMENT/,1-2
MARTZ,.ROBERT F., JOINT AUTHOR.
BIOCHEMICAL MEASURES OF CORAL METABOLIC ACTIVITY, NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND
MICROBIAL INFECTION WITH EXPOSURE TO" OIL AND GAS WELL DRILLING FLUIDS/,65-1
EFFECT OF SILICATE GRAIN SHAPE, STRUCTURE, AND LOCATION ON THE BIOMASS'AND
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF COLONIZING MARINE MICROS IOTA/,45-1
PAGE 99
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AUTHOR INDEX
M
MARTZt ROBERT F., JOINT AUTHOR.
EFFECT OF WELL-DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS AND MICRQ3IAL
INFECTION OF THE R=EF BUILDING.CORAL MONTASTREA ANNULARIS/,47-1
EFFECTS OF BIGTURBATION AND PREDATION BY MELLITA QUINQUIESPERFORATA ON
SEDIMENTARY MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE/,65-2
MAYBERRYt WILLIAM R-, JOINT AUTHOR.
MURAMIC ACID ASSAY IN SEDIMENTS/t30-3
MEETER. DUANE A., JOINT AUTHOR.
MODIFICATIONS OF ESTUARINE SEDIMENTARY MICROBIOTA BY EXCLUSION OF EPIBENTHIC
PREDATORS/t31-2
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS INDICATING BIOMASS AND
COMMUNITY COMPOSITION! OF MICROBIAL ASSEMBLIES IN ESTUARINE'MUD"FLAT
SEOIMENTS/t32-l
;
MONROE* ROBERT J., JOINT AUTHOR.
EFFECTS OF SOLUBLE FRACTIONS OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON DEVELOPMENT*OF CRABS,
RHITHROPANOPEUS HARRISII AND CALLINECTES SAPlDUS/,5-1
EFFECTS OF SOLUBLE FRACTIONS OF USED LIGHT-WEIGHT LIGNOSULFONATE TYPE MUD
AND HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM ON THE COMPLETE LARVAL DEVELOPMENT OF CRABSt
RHITHROPANOPEUS HARRISII AND CALLINECTES 5APIDUS/»4-2
MONTGOMERY* R,M., JOINT AUTHOR.
ACUTE TOXICITY OF EIGHT LABORATORY-PREPARED GENERIC DRILLING FLUIDS TO
MYSIDS CMYSIDOPSIS BAHIA)/,28-3
MOORE. JAMES C., JOINT AUTHOR*
EFFECTS OF PENTACHLCROPHENOL ON THE DEVELOPMENT QF ESTUARINE
COMMUNITIES/,60-1
MORRISON* S.J.
EFFECTS OF GRAZING BY ESTUARINE GAMMARIDEAN AMPHIPODS ON THE MICR08IOTA OF
ALLOCHTHONOUS DETRITUS/, 42-2
N
NEFF* JERRY H.
FATE AND BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF OIL WELL DRILLING FLUIDS IN THE'MARINE
. ENVIRONMENT; A LITERATURE REVIEW/,43-1
NEW ENGLAND AQUARIUMi BOSTON, MA
SURVEY OF TH£ TOXICITY.AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF USED DRILLING MUDS/,44-1
NICKELS* JANET S.
EFFECT QF SILICATE GRAIN SHAPE, STRUCTURE, AMD LOCATION ON THE'BIOMASS AND
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF COLONIZING MARINE MICR06IDTA/,45-l
NICKELS* JANET S., JOINT AUTHOR.
BIOCHEMICAL MEASURES OF CORAL METABOLIC ACTIVITY, NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND
MICRDBIAL INFECTION WITH EXPOSURE TO OIL AND GAS WELL DRILLING FLUIDS/*65-l
EFFECT.OF LIGHT ON BIOMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF ESTUARINE DETRITAL
MICROBIOTA/,4-1
PAGE 100
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AUTHOR INDEX
N
NICKELS, JANET $., JOINT.AUTHOR.
EFFECT OF WELL-DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS AND MICROBIAL
INFECTION OF THE REEF BUILDING CORAL MQNTASTREA ANNULARIS/,47-1
EFFECTS OF BIOTURBATION AND PREDATIOM BY MELLITA QUINQUIESPERFORATA ON
SEDIMENTARY MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE/,65-2
EFFECTS OF OIL AND.GAS WELL-DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE.BIOMASS AND"COMMUNITY
STRUCTURE OF MJCROBIOTA THAT COLONIZE SANDS IN RUNNING'SEAWATER/,53-1
NONSELECTIVE.BIOCHEMICAL METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF FUNGAL MASS AND
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN ESTUARINE DETRITAL MICROFLORA/,66-1
0
OGLESBY, JERRY.L., JOINT.AUTHOR.
EFFECTS OF A LlGNOSULFONATc-TYPE DRILLING MUO ON DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL
ESTUARINE MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES/,61-1
EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUD ON DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL ESTUARINE
MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES/,62-2
RESPONSES OF DEVELOPING ESTUARINE MACR03ENTHIC COMMUNITIES TO DRILLING
MUDS/,63-1
TOXICITY Or DRILLING-MUD BIOCIDES TO DEVELOPING ESTUARINE MACROBENTHIC-
COMMUNITIES/,62-1
OLLA, BDRI L.
EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE BEHAVIOR OF THE JUVENILE RED HAKE,
UROPHYCIS CHUSS (WILBAUM) II. EFFECTS ON ESTABLISHMENT BEHAVIORAL BASELINES:
PROGRESS REPORT (1981)-(UNPUBLISHED REPORT)/,46-1
EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUDS ON THE BEHAVIOR OF JUVENILE RED HAKE, UROPHYCIS
CHUSS CWALBAUM) I. ESTABLISHMENT'OF BEHAVIORAL BASELINES: PROGRESS REPORT
C1980}/t t.5-2
P
PARKER, JEFFREY H«
EFFECT OF WELL-DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS AMD MICROBIAL
INFECTION OF THE R£EF 3UILDING CORAL MONTftSTREA ANNULARIS/,47-1 -
SENSITIVE ASSAY, BASED ON HYDROXY FATTY ACIDS FROM LIPQPOLYSACCHARIDE LIPIO
A, FOR GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA IN SEDIMENTS/,46-2
PARKER, JEFFREY H., JOINT AUTHOR.
BIOCHEMICAL MEASURES OF CORAL METABOLIC ACTIVITY, NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND
MICROBIAL INFECTION VJITH EXPOSURE TO OIL AND GAS WELL DRILLING FLUIDS/,65-1
PARRISH,.PATRICK:R.,- JOINT.AUTHOR.
ACUTE TOXICITY OF EIGHT LABORATORY-PREPARED GENERIC DRILLING FLUIDS TO
MYSIDS CMYSIOOPSIS BAHlA)/»23-3
IMPACT OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT (ABSTRACT)/,27-1
RESULTS OF THE DRILLING FLUIDS RESEARCH PROGRAM SPONSORED 3Y THE GULF BREEZE
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY, 1976-1984, AND THEIR APPLICATION TO
HAZARD ASSESSMENT/,29-1
PAGE 101
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AUTHOR INDEX
P
PARSONS, DEAN
DRILLING MUD RESEARCH—.OVERSIGHT/,48-1
PECON, JILL, JOINT.AUTHOR. '
CHANGES IN THE FREE AMINO ACID POOL DURING ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS IN THE.GILL
TISSUE OF THE OYSTER, CRASSOSTREA VISGIN!CA/,49-3
PEGG, R.K., JOINT AUTHOR.
EFFECTS OF WHOLE DRILLING MUD AND SELECTED COMPONENTS ON THE SHELL MOVEMENTS
OF THE BftY SCALLOP, ARGOPECTEN IRRADlANS/,37-2
PLAIA, GAYLE R., JOINT AUTHOR.
RESPONSES OF MACR08ENTHOS COLONIZING ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS CONTAMINATED WITH
DRILLING MUD CONTAINING DIESEL OIL/,59-2
PORTER, J., JOINT AUTHOR.
PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF OIL-DRILLING MUDS ON THE CARIBBEAN CORAL MONTASTREA
ANNULARIS/»58-2
POTOMAC RESEARCH.INCORPORATED
MARINE OIL POLLUTION RESEARCH STUDY FINAL REPORT 1 JUNE 1978/,49-l
POWELL, ERIC N.
CHANGES IN THE FREE AMINO ACID POOL DURING ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS IN THE'GILL
TISSUE OF THE OYSTER, CRASSOSTREA VlRGINICA/,49-3
EFFECT OF EIGHT 3UTER CONTINENTAL SHELF DRILLING MUDS ON THE CALCIFICATION
RATE AND FREH AMINO ACID POOL OF THE CORAL ACROPORA CERV 1CORNIS/•49-2
RECOVERY BY THE CORAL ACROPORA CERVICORNIS AFTER DRILLING MUO. EXPOSURE. THE
FREE AMINO ACID POOL/,50-1
POWELL. ERIC-N., JOINT AUTHOR. . .
EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS CMUDS) AND TURBIDITY ON THE GROWTH AND METABOLIC
STATE OF THE CORAL ACROPORA CERVICORNIS, WITH COMMENTS ON METHODS OF
NORMALIZATION FOR CORAL DATA/,38-1
EFFECTS OF SALINITY CHANGE ON THE FREE AMIND ACID POOLS OF TWO NEREID
PDLYCHAETES, NEANTHES SUCCINEA AND LcONEREIS CULVERI/,39-2
IMPORTANCE.Or MONITORING METABOLIC RECOVERY IN THE CORAL ACRDPQRft
CERVICORNIS AFTER SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE TO DRILLING MUDS: CALCIFICATION RATE
AND PROTEIN CONCENTRATION/,39-1
PRONIt JOHN R.
FINAL REPORT ON THE FLQWcR GARDENS BANK DRILLING FLUIDS PROJECT
CUNPUBLISHED)/,51-1
R
RAO, K. R.
MOLT-RELATED SUSCEPTIBILITY AND REGENERATIVE LIMB GROWTH AS SENSITIVE
INDICATORS OF AQUATIC POLLUTANT TOXICITY TO CRUSTACEANS/,52-2
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF TH£ TOXICITY OF HEXAVALENT
CHROMIUM TO THE GRASS SHRIMP PALAEMONETES PUGIO/,S2-3
RAOt.K. R., JOINT AUTHOR.
COMPARATIVE TOXICITY Or OFFSHORE AND OIL-ADDED DRILLING MUDS TO LARVAE OF
THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALASMONETES INTERMEDIUS/,10-3
PAGE 102
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AUTHOR INDEX
R
RAO, K. RANGA .
COMPARATIVE TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY OF CHLORQPHENOLS: STUDIES ON THE
GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO/,54-1
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN GRASS SHRIMP EXPOSED TO CHROMIUM,'
PENTACHLOROPHENOL, AND DITHIQCAR8AMATES/,52-1
INHIBITION OF LIMB REGENERATION IN THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO, BY
SODIUM PENTACHLORGPHENATE/,53-1
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THE TOXICITY OF
PENTACHLORQPHENOL TO CRUSTACEANS/,53-2
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF OITHIOCARBAMATE TOXICITY
TO THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO/,54-2
RAO, K. RANGA, JOINT AUTHOR.
ACCUMULATION, TISSUE DISTRIBUTION AND DEPURATION OF SENZQCA)PYRENE AND
BENZ(A)ANTHRACEN£ IN THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO/,33-2
BARIUM, STRONTIUM AND CALCIUM LEVELS IN THE EXOSKELETQN, HEPATQPANCREAS AND
ABDOMINAL MUSCLE OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO: RELATION TO
MOLTING AND EXPOSURE TO BARITE/,7-1
CHARACTERISTICS OF A CAC2+) -ACTIVATED ATPASE FROM THE HEPATOPANCREAS OF THE
BLUE CRAB, CALLINECTES SAPIDUS/,34-1
CILIARY STRUCTURES IN THE BRANCHIAL UNICELLULAR GLANDS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP,
PALAEMONETES PUGIO/,21-2
COMPARATIVE TOXICITY OF DRILLING MUDS: ROLE OF CHROMIUM AND PETROLEUM
HYDROCARBONS/,13-1
COMPARATIVE TOXICITY OF WASTE DRILLING FLUIDS TO A CRUSTACEAN (PALAEMQNETES
PUGIO) AND A FISH CCYPRINQDON VARIEGATUS) CA3STRACT)/,13-2
COMPARATIVE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THREE TYPES OF TEGUMENTAL GLANDS IN THE GILLS
OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO CABSTRACT)/,20-2
CUTICULAR LESIONS INDUCED IN GRASS SHRIMP EXPOSED TO HEXAVALENT
CHROMIUM/,23-2
EFFECT Or BARITE ON MEIOFAUNA IN A FLOW-THROUGH EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEM/,10-1
EFFECT DF PENTACHLOROPHENOL CPCP) ON MEIOSSNTHIC COMMUNITIES ESTABLISHED IN
AN EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEM/,7-2
EFFECTS OF BARITE AND USED DRILLING MUDS ON CRUSTACEANS, WITH PARTICULAR
REFERENCE TO THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO/,12-1
EFFECTS OF PENTACHLOROPHENOL CPCP) AND 2,4-DINITRQPHENOL CONP) ON THE OXYGEN
CONSUMPTION OF TISSUES FROM THE 3LUE Cs?A3, CALLINECTES SAPIDUS, UNDER
DIFFERENT OSMOTIC CONDITIONS/,7-3
EFFECTS OF PENTACHLOROPHcNOL ON THE MEI03ENTHIC NEMATOOES IN AN EXPERIMENTAL
SYSTEM/,8-1
PAGE 103
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AUTHOR INDEX
R
RAO,. K, RANGA, JOINT,AUTHOR.
EFFECTS OF SODIUM PENTACHLORQPHENATE AND 2,4-DlNITROPHSNOL QN "
HEPATOPANCREATIC ENZYMES IN THE 3LUE CRAB, CALLINECTES SAPIOUS/,34-2
EFFECTS OF SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE AND 2,4-DINJTROPHsNOL ON RESPIRATION IN
CRUSTACEANS/,9-1
EFFECTS OF TWO DITHIOCARBAMATES ON THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMQNETES PUGIO:
MQLT-RELATED TOXICITY AND INHIBITION Or LIM8 REGENERATION/t12-2
HISTOPATHQLQGICAL AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE ANTENNAL GLANDf MIDGUT,
HEPATOPANCREAS, AND GILL Or GRASS SHRIMP FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO HEXAVALENT
CHROMIUM/,26-1
ROSETTE GLANOS IN THE GILLS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO. I.
COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY* CYCLICAL ACTIVlTYt AND INNERVATION/,22~2
ROSETTE GLANDS IN THE GILLS OF THE GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIQ. II.
PREMOLT DUCTULE REFORMATION: REPLACEMENT OF CILIARY PROCESSES 3Y CYTOPLASMIC
PROCESSES IN RELATION TO GLAND MATURATION/,23-1
SYNCYTIAL NATURE AND PHAGQCYTIC ACTIVITY OF THE BRANCHIAL P'OOOCYTES IN THE
GRASS SHRIMP, PALAEMONETES PUGIO/,22-1
TOXICITY OF SODIUM PENTACHLOROPHENATE
-------
AUTHOR INDEX
R
RICHARDS, NORMAN L.v JOINT AUTHOR.
BIOCHEMICAL MEASURES OF CORAL METABOLIC ACTIVITY, NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND
MICROBIAL INFECTION WITH EXPOSURE TO OIL AND G$S WELL DRILLING FLUlDS/t65-1
DRILLING MUD RESEARCH—OVERSIGHT/,48-1
EFFECT OF SILICATE GRAIN SHAPE, STRUCTURE, AMD LOCATION ON .THE 8IOMASS AND
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF COLONIZING MARINE MICR03lDTA/,45-l
EFFECT OF WELL-DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS AND MICROBIAL
INFECTION OF THE REEF 3UILDING CORAL MONTASTREA ANNULARIS/,47-1
EFFECTS OF OIL AND GAS WELL-DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE BIQMASS'AND"COMMUNITY
STRUCTURE OF MICR03IOTA THAT COLONIZE SANDS IN RUNNING SEAWATER/,58-1
RIGBYt R.A.,.JOINT AUTHOR.
ACUTE AND SU3LSTHAL EFFECTS OF WHOLE USED DRILLING FLUIDS ON REPRESENTATIVE
ESTUARINE ORGANISMS/,56-1
ROELLE, JAMES E.» JOINT AUTHOR.
RESULTS OF AN ADAPTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT MODELING WORKSHOP CONCERNING
POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF DRILLING MUDS AND CUTTINGS ON THE MARINE
ENVIRONMENT/,1-2
RUBINSTEIN, NORMAN I.
ACUTE AND SU3LETHAL EFFECTS OF WHOLE USED DRILLING FLUIDS ON REPRESENTATIVE
ESTUARINE ORGANISMS/,56-1
S
SCHATTENt GERALD.
EFFECTS OF BARIUM SULFATE ON SEA URCHIN FERTILIZATION AND EARLY
DEVELOPMENT/,56-2
PROJECT REPORT: EFFECTS OF BARIUM SULFATE ON SEA URCHIN FERTILIZATION AND
DEVELOPMENT (UNPUBLISHED REPORT)/,57-1
SCHATTENt HEIDE, JOINT AUTHOR.
EFFECTS OF BARIUM SULFATE ON SEA URCHIN FERTILIZATION AND 5ARLY
DEVELOPMENT/,56-2
PROJECT REPORT: EFFECTS OF BARIUM SULFATE OM SEA URCHIN FERTILIZATION AND
DEVELOPMENT (UNPUBLISHED REPORT)/,57-1
SCIENCE APPLICATIONS, INC., LA JDLLA, CA
DRILL MUD ASSESSMENT CHEMICAL ANALYSIS REFERENCE VOLUME/,57-2
DRILL MUD ASSESSMENT CHEMICAL ANALYSIS REFERENCE VOLUME (PROJECT
SUMMARY)/,57-3
SHOKES, R.F«, JOINT AUTHOR.
COMPARATIVE TQXICITY OF. DRILLING MUDS: ROLE OF CHROMIUM AND PETROLEUM
HYDROCARBONS/,13-1
SIMBERLY, CALVIN, JOINT AUTHOR.
PROJECT REPORT: EFFECTS OF BARIUM SULFATE ON SEA URCHIN FERTILIZATION AND
DEVELOPMENT (UNPUBLISHED REPORT)/,57-1
PAGE 105
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• AUTHOR INDEX
S
SIMERLY,.CALVIN, JOINT AUTHOR.
EFFECTS DF BARIUM SULFATE ON SEA URCHIN FERTILIZATION AND EARLY
DEVELOPMENT/,56-2
SMITH, G.J., JOINT AUTHOR.
PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF GIL-DRILLING MUDS ON THE CARIBBEAN CORAL MONTASTREA
ANNULARIS/,58-2
SMITH,.GLEN A..
EFFECTS OF OIL AND GAS WcLL-DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE BIOMASS AND COMMUNITY
STRUCTURE OF MICR08IOTA THAT COLONIZE SANDS IN RUNNING SEAWATER/,58-1
SMITH..GLEN A., JOINT AUTHOR.
EFFECT OF LIGHT ON BIOMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF ESTUARINE DETRITAL
MICROBIGTA/,4-1
EFFECT Or SILICATE GRAIN SHAPE, STRUCTURE, AND LOCATION ON THE BIOMASS AND
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF COLONIZING MARINE HICROBIOTA/,43-1
EFFECTS OF 3IOTURBATION AND PREDATIQN SY MELLITA QUINQUIESPERFORATA ON
SEDIMENTARY MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE/,65-2
SENSITIVE ASSAY, BASED ON HYDROXY FATTY ACIDS FROM LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE LIPIO
A, FOR GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA IN SEDIMENTS/,46-2
SNYDER, J,, JOINT AUTHOR..
APPLICABILITY OF NERITINA RECLIVATA CMOLLUSCA: GASTROPODA) TO LABORATORY
ECOSYSTEMS USED IN POLLUTION RESEARCH CUNPUBLISHED)/,35-1
STEINER, WILLIAM:w., JOINT AUTHOR.
EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE BEHAVIOR OF THE JUVENILE RED HAKE,
UROPHYCIS CHUSS CUIL8AUM) II. EFFECTS ON ESTABLISHMENT BEHAVIORAL BASELINES:
PROGRESS REPORT C1981) (UNPUBLISHED REPORT)/,46-1
EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUDS ON THE BEHAVIOR OF JUVENILE RED HAKE, UROPHYCIS
CHUSS CWALSAUM) I. ESTABLISHMENT OF BEHAVIORAL BASELINES: PROGRESS REPORT
ClS80)/,45-2
SUMMERALL, R., JOINT AUTHOR.
APPLICABILITY OF NERITINA RECLIVATA CMOLLUSCA: GASTROPODA) TD LABORATORY
ECOSYSTEMS USED IN POLLUTION RESEARCH (UNPUBLISHED)/,35-1
SZMANT-FROELICH,.ALINA
PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUDS ON REEF CORALS/,59-1
PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF OIL-DRILLING MUDS ON THE CARIBBEAN CORAL MONTASTREA
ANNULARIS/,58-2
SZMANT-FROELICH,'ALINA, JOINT AUTHOR.
EFFECTS OF DRILLING FLUIDS ON REEF CORALS: A REVIEW/,18-2
T
TAGATZt MARLIN E.
EFFECT OF BARITE CBAS04) ON DEVELOPMENT OF ESTUARINE COMMUNITIES/,60-2
EFFECTS OF A LIGNOSULFQNATE-TYPE DRILLING MUO ON DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL
ESTUARINE MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES/,61-1
PAGE 106
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AUTHOR INDEX
T
TAGATZt MARLIN E.
EFFECTS OF DQWICIDE G-ST ON DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL S$TUARINE
MACROBENTHIC CQMMUNITIES/,61-2
EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUD ON DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL ESTUARINE
MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES/,62-2
EFFECTS OF PENTACHLOROPHENOL ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ESTUARINE
COMMUNITIES/,60-1
RESPONSES OF DEVELOPING ESTUARINE MACR03ENTHIC COMMUNITIES TO DRILLING
MUDS/,63-1
RESPONSES OF MACROBENTHOS COLONIZING ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS CONTAMINATED WITH
DRILLING MUD CONTAINING DIESEL OIL/,59-2
TQXICITY OF DRILLING-MUD BIOCIOES TO DEVELOPING ESTUARINE MACROBENTHIC
COMMUNITIES/,62-1
TAGATZt MARLIN E., JOINT.AUTHOR.
EFFECT OF 8ARITE ON MEIOFAUNA IN A FLOW-THROUGH EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEM/,10-1
THOMPSON. JACK H.
EFFECTS OF AN OFFSHORE DRILLING FLUID ON SELECTED CORALS/,63-2
RESPONSES OF SELECTED SCLERACTINIAN CORALS TO DRILLING FLUIDS USED IN THE
MARINE ENVIRONMENT. PH.D. DISSERTATION/,64-1
TQBIA, MICHAEL, JOINT AUTHOR.
EFFECT OF 3ARITE <3AS04) ON DEVELOPMENT OF ESTUARINE COMMUNITIES/,60-2
EFFECTS OF DQWICIDE G-ST ON DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL ESTUARINE
MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES/,61-2
EFFECTS OF DRILLING MUD ON DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL ESTUARINE
MACROSENTHIC COMMUNITIES/,62-2
EFFECTS OF PENTACHLOROPHENOL ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ESTUARINE
COMMUNITIES/,60-1
V
VESTAL. J..ROBIE, JOINT AUTHOR.
SENSITIVE ASSAY,.BASED ON HYOROXY FATTY ACIDS FROM LIPOPOLYSACCHARIOE LIPID
A, FOR GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA IN SEDIMENTS/,46-2
W
WHITE* DAVID,C. .
BIOCHEMICAL DETERMINATION DF BIOMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF ESTUARINE
DETRITAL AND SEDIMENTARY MICROBIOTA/,66-2
3IOCHEMICAL MEASURES OF CORAL METABOLIC ACTIVITY, NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND
. MICROBIAL INFECTION WITH EXPOSURE TO OIL AND GAS WELL DRILLING'FLUIDS/,65-1
EFFECTS OF BIOTURBATIO.N AND PREDATION BY MSLLITA QUINQUIESPERFQRATA ON
SEDIMENTARY MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE/,65-2
NONSELECTIVc BIOCHEMICAL METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF FUNGAL MASS AND
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN ESTUARINE DETRITAL MICRDFLORA/,66-1
PAGE 107
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AUTHOR INDEX
w
WHITE, DAVID C., JOINT AUTHOR.
BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF THE RESPONSE OF THE MARINE MICROFO'JLlNG COMMUNITY
STRUCTURE TO CLEANING PROCEDURES DESIGNED TO MAINTAIN HEAT TRANSFER
EFFICIENCY/,2-1
CHARACTERIZATION Or B6NTHIC MICRDBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE BY HIGH RESOLUTION
GAS CHRQMATOGRAPHY OF FATTY ACID METHYL ESTESS/,3-1
EFFECT OF LIGHT ON BIOMASS AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF ESTUARINE OETRITAL
MICROBIQTA/,4-1
EFFECT OF SILICATE GRAIN SHAPEt STRUCTURE, AND LOCATION ON THE'BIOMASS AND
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF COLONIZING MARINE MICROBIOTA/,45-1
EFFECT Or WELL-DRILLING FLUIDS ON THc PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS AND MICR03IAL
INFECTION OF THE REEF BUILDING CORAL MONTASTREA ANNULASIS/,47-1
EFFECTS OF GRAZING BY ESTUARINE GAMM'ARIDEAN AMPHIPODS ON THE MICROBIOTA QF
ALLOCHTHONOUS DETRITUS/,42-2
EFFECTS OF OIL AND GAS WELL-DRILLING FLUIDS ON THE BIDHASS'AND'COMMUNITY
STRUCTURE OF MICROSIOTA THAT COLONIZE SANDS IN RUNNING SEAWATER/,53-1
FLUOROMETRIC DETERMINATION OF ADENOSINE NUCLEOTIDE DERIVATIVES AS MEASURES
OF THE MICRQFOULING, D2TRITAL AND SEDIMENTARY MICROBIAL BIOMASS AND
PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS/,17-1
MODIFICATIONS OF ESTUARINE SEDIMENTARY MICR03IOTA BY EXCLUSION OF EPIBENTHIC
PREDATORS/,31-2
MURAMIC ACID ASSAY IN SEDIMENTS/,30-3
POLYMERIC aETA-HYDROXYALKANOATES FROM tNVIROMMENTAL SAMPLES AND BACILLUS
MEGATERIUM/,33-1
PRESERVATION OF ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS FOR LIPID ANALYSIS OF BI3MASS COMMUNITY
STRUCTURE OF MICR03IOTA/,31-1
SENSITIVE ASSAY, BASED ON HYDROXY FATTY ACIDS FROM LIPOPOLYSACCHARIOE LIPID
A,.FOR GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA IN SEDIMENTS/,46-2
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS INDICATING BIOMASS AND
COMMUNITY COMPOSITION DF MICSQ3IAL ASSEMBLIES IN ESTUARINE MUD FLAT
SEDIMENTS/,32-1
WIERNICKI,-C.
ASSIMILATION EFFICIENCY BY PROCAMBARUS CLARKII FED ELODEA (EGERA DENSA) AND
ITS PRODUCTS OF DECOMPOSITION/,67-1
WINTER, M.A., JOINT AUTHOR.
EFFECTS OF WHOLE DRILLING MUD AND SELECTED COMPONENTS ON THE"SHELL MOVEMENTS
OF THE BAY SCALLOP, ARGOPECTEN IRRADIANS/,37-2
Y
YINGST, J. Y.
STRUCTURE OF SOFT-BOTTOM BENTHIC COMMUNITIES IN THE VICINITY OF THE TEXAS '
FLOWER GARDEN BANKS GULF OF MEXICO/,67-2
PAGE 108
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AUTHOR INDEX
Z
ZASTROW,.C.E., JOINT.AUTHOR*
EFFECT OF EIGHT OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF DRILLING MUDS ON THE CALCIFICATION
RATE AND FREE AMINO ACID POOL OF THE CORAL ACROPQRA CERVICORNIS/f49-2
IMPORTANCE OF MONITORING METABOLIC RECOVERY IN THE CORAL ACRQPORfl
CERVICQRNIS AFTER SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE TO DRILLING MUDS: CALCIFICATION RATE
AND P-ROTEIN CONCENTRATION/, 39-1
/
RECOVERY BY THE CORAL ACROPORA CERVICORNIS AFTER DRILLING MUD EXPOSURE. THE
FREE AMIMO.ACID POOL/,50-1
8.
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