'
     United States
     Environmental Protection
     Agency
              Office of Water
              Office of Drinking
              Water (WH-550)
     Water
                                   DECEMBER 1990
National Drinking Water
Advisory Council
Meeting Minutes
EPA
810/
1990.4
 I
                                          Printed on Recycled Paper

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                        U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                      NATIONAL DRINKING WATER ADVISORY COUNCIL
                                    Minutes of Meeting
                                   December 6 and 7, 1990
                                    300 Army Navy Drive
                                    Arlington, VA 22202
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 I
                                  HEADQUARTERS LIBRARY
                                  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENGV
                                  WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460

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                    U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                 NATIONAL DRINKING WATER ADVISORY COUNCIL
                               December 6 and 7, 1990
       A meeting of the National Drinking Water Advisory Council (NDWAC) was held at the
Holiday Crown Plaza Hotel in Arlington, /Virginia,- on December 6 and 7, 1990. The following
members were present:

       J. James Barr                                     -,   .
       Mary Jane Forster
       John Gaston, Chairperson
       Donald R. Hickman
       Charles W. Kreitler                                .                .
       Frederick  A. Marrocco                                                .
       Joseph A. Millen
       Richard L. Shank
       John Squires               :    .
       Thomas E. Stephens
       Suzi Ruhl
       Douglas P. Wendel            •  - -••••
       Chris J.Wiant                                            -        -         .
       Douglas Yoder              ,                    ,
The following member was absent:

       James Collins (December 6 and 7)
       J. James Barr (December 7)
                    *          '             "
Also 'present during all "or part of the meeting were:

       Jamie Bourne, Office of Drinking Water (ODW)
       Jeanne Briskin, Director, National Pesticides Survey
       Michael B. Cook, Director, ODW
       Jane Ephrimedes, ODW
    '  Marian Mlay, Director, Office of Ground-Water Protection
       David Schnare, ODW                   .   .
       Peter Shanaghan, ODW                       .
       Charlene Shaw, Designated Federal Official (NDWAC)
       Bob Wayland, Deputy Assistant Administrator for Water
Registered at meeting:

      See Attachment A

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December 6. 1990
       L      Opening Remarks and Welcome

       Mr.  John  Gaston, Chairperson,  opened the meeting by welcoming participants and
introducing Mr. Bob Wayland, Deputy Assistant Administrator for Water. Mr. Wayland began the
meeting with remarks on the proposed reorganization of the Office of Water.
       n.
Proposed Reorganization of the Office of Water
       Mr. Wayland reviewed the objectives of the reorganization:

       •      To give greater emphasis to the importance of science in establishing the technical
              basis for the work performed by the Office of Water.

       •      To consolidate offices that have complementary objectives or tools for furthering
              water quality or protecting drinking water supplies for a greater sense of integration
              in our programs.

       The reorganization is supported by initiatives used in formulating the Agency's 1992 budget.
The four office structure consolidates our  Wetlands Protection program, Marine and Estuaries
program, Nonpoint Source program, and our Monitoring program into a single office. An Office
of Science and Technical Support will be established; it will be developing the risk-based criteria
and risk assessment components of standards to be developed and implemented across our various
programs.  The Ground  Water Protection  office (formerly a separate 30-person office) will be
merged with the Office of Drinking Water.

       Mr. Wayland listed the new divisions and their directors, stating that the Administration is
anxious to get on with the reorganization,  but realistically it may be late spring after important
personnel and organization questions are addressed at the branch level, the Agency completes its
review, and the union gives its approval.

        Mr. Wayland then responded to questions from the Council.  Discussion included how the
reorganization would be  communicated  by  the Agency; the timing of the reorganization and its
effect on the drinking water program; programmatic consequences of such change at a critical point
in the drinking water program; the appropriateness of locating storage tanks and underground
storage tanks under the Office of Drinking Water and Ground Water; the intended emphasis on
enforcement; continued allocation of resources for the mobilization strategy; and the concern that
any changes in the variance program would be an administrative burden on state agencies.

       Mr. Wayland concluded with several general remarks supporting the contributions of the
Advisory Council and their continued efforts. Mr. Wayland, assisted by Charlene Shaw then made
several presentations on  behalf of the Agency to  recognize the contributions of John Gaston,
Richard Shank, John Squires, Tom Stephens, and James Collins.

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**' =
       HL    Update from the Office of Drinking Water

      .Mr. Mike Cook, Director of the Office of Drinking Water (ODW), presented an update
on the activities of ODW:

      • m      Reauthorization of the Safe Drinking Water Act.  Activity on this will come in Mr.
              Waxman's subcommittee in the spring,  but will probably lag behind RCRA and the
              Clean Water Act

       •      Risk-based Budgeting.  Movement towards this would appear  to be an advantage
              to the drinking water program because of the risks posed in our calculations, but
              the issue of  where prevention and base programs fall out in the overall priorities
              of the Agency has not been resolved. There is some tension between base programs
              and the shift to  risk-based  priorities and we will have to  wait  and see  how the
              programs fare in the 1992 budget initiative.

       •      Drinking Water Contaminants. The National Survey of Pesticides and Nitrates  in
              Well Water was recently completed.  An unexpected benefit was data to determine
              the percent and number of wells that exceed some national health-based limits and
              the gathering of an enormous amount of data for each well on pesticide usage, farm
              practices, location relative to crop land  and septic tanks, and other information on
              source of contaminants. The  action plan for nitrates, which  includes looking  at
              nitrates in both well water and surface water, is focusing on reducing nitrate levels
              in ground  and  surface  water   and  the  possible  risks  associated  with
              methemoglobinemia, particularly for  infants.

       • -     Water Quality Initiative.  The Department  of Agriculture is working on a water
              quality initiative, and work with EPA has been reinforced by the recent Farm Bill.
              EPA's relationship with  the Department of  Agriculture is better than it has been
              at any time in the past.

       •      Status of Regulations.  A large number are  due to be signed within 'the next few
              weeks. There is an end of the month deadline for putting out Phase n regulations,
              which will include 38 contaminants. For the  Coliform Rule, the Agency expects'to
              have  final rules for several different methods for utilities to especiate total coliform
              for E-coIi.

       •      AWWA Lawsuit. EPA is in the process of working out an agreement  to allow for
              variances from the total coliform standard, under very narrowly specified conditions,
              as a result of a biofilm or a benign biofilm problem in the distribution water mains.
       *                               -                             "
       •      Final Lead Rule.  The  Agency is working  on the response to  more than 3,000
              comments that were  received on the original  proposed  rule. The rule itself is pretty
              well settled.

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       •      Proposed Rule for Radionuclides.   Comments are being taken on a number of
              different levels for radium, uranium, and radon. When proposing these levels, EPA
              will be looking at employing the concept of cost effectiveness. Other rules that
              ODW  is actively working on  include:  the Phase V rule with 24 contaminants;
              arsenic; a rule on disinfection for  well water; and a rule for disinfectants and
              disinfection by-products focusing on surface water.

       •      Underground Injection.  ODW is working on  a rule to  modify and enhance the
              regulatory structure for Qass n wells and a rule that would allow for more specific
              and extensive regulation of Qass V wells. Petitions are also being processed from
              those who have been injecting hazardous waste into deep, underground  injection
              wells and have  approved a number  of them.  During this process  EPA has been
              strengthening the regulatory programs,  and have been eliminating weaknesses in
              some previously approved  permits.

       •      Public Perception of the Drinking Water Program.  ODW, with the advice of the
              Council, is educating the public on  the point of use devices and bottled water and
              the relative risks of these compared with public water supplies.


       IV.    Report of the Health. Science, and Standards Subcommittee
              (Attachment B)

       Mr. Joseph Millen, Chairperson, outlined the Subcommittee's discussions of the  past few
days:  the status of the MCL review for fluoride, including a briefing by EPA; the integration of
monitoring requirements for Phase II and Phase V; the proposed standard for aluminum; request
for a briefing in April to prepare final input  on Phase V; an in-depth look at the regulation of
disinfection by-products in the Disinfection Rule;  a look at the preliminary MCLs proposed for
radionuclides in drinking water,  including the draft radon pamphlet; possible future leaching of
contaminants that have been banned and the contaminant selection criteria; recommendation  that
the Agency review and incorporate what now total  over 3,500 public comments, even if this means
a deadline extension; state primacy  issues for optimal  corrosion control  treatment; and dropping
the requirement for all systems serving more than 50,000 persons  to  install treatment.  After
discussion and a brief caucus on changing the wording of the corrosion  control recommendation,
the report with recommendations as originally written  was unanimously  accepted by the Council
on December 7, 1990.
       V.     Report of the Legislation/Public Outreach Subcommittee
              (Attachment C)

       Ms. Suzi Ruhl, Chairperson, reported that the Subcommittee's topics included: development
of a protocol to  be followed in its next questionnaire; a summary of the SDWA implementation
meeting (held in September); an overview of the drinking water and groundwater bills; a summary
of budget history and allocation levels from the ODW; public outreach and examination of the
mobilization program; an overview of the outreach initiative; National Drinking Water Week; a
pilot project in Region 1; identification of some omissions on EPA's current mailing list; requested

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that EPA prepare a follow-up document to the initial letter; requested  some more information
from the Office of General Counsel to examine the areas where Clean Water authorities may apply
to SDWA issues; public education as a priority of the mobilization program; training programs for
small system operators  and others providing drinking water;  topics to develop   for other public
outreach documents;  and possible sensitivity to ovemotiGcation for violations.

       Ms.  Ruhl then commented on involving outside parties in the comment process on the
reauthorization and concluded with a discussion about the Council's use of their involvement in
other organizations to  help identify other interested parties to involve in  the reauthorization
comment process.
       VL    Report of the State Program Subcommittee
              (Attachment D)

       Mr.  Tom Stephens, Chairperson,  briefly presented the Subcommittee  discussion  topics:
retaining the present variance system process; questioning the multiple letter approach; suggestions
for beginning new long-term projects; a working lunch with regional drinking water branch chiefs
to discuss their concerns about the overall effectiveness of the implementation of the  SDWA; and
the idea of focus groups that would review and revise a comprehensive blueprint  for national
implementation of the SDWA.

       There followed a general discussion of issues involved- in the credibility of the program and
its implementation, the allocation of resources, legislating timetables that are virtually impossible
to meet, and the availability of means to properly enforce current and proposed legislation. On
December 7, 1990, after the discussion of  additional amendments, all  recommendations  of the
Subcommittee and one amendment were adopted by the full Council.
       VIL   Panel Discussion on Mobilization

       Mr. Peter Shanaghan, Mobilization Manager for the Office of Drinking Water, introduced
the other members of the discussion panel and then began the discussion by presenting the context
of the mobilization effort He stressed its focus on coalition building and cited Fred Marrocco's
program in Pennsylvania as a leader in this area, as an example of how states can do much more
with their available resources.

       He went over the three main objectives of the mobilization program and outlined the
program's structure, including its seven separate initiatives, each with its own initiative leader.  A
large briefing document, detailing  the work that is going on under  each of these initiatives, will
be mailed to all members of the Advisory Council shortly.

       Some major successes of  the mobilization  effort  include developing  the  structure and
institution for mobilization within EPA; working with external groups to distribute and disseminate
information; a national training strategy,  the National Training Coalition;  growing interest from
large private sector organizations in becoming actively involved in mobilization efforts; and state-
level efforts towards building coalitions.

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       He concluded by discussing the major remaining obstacles for mobilization:  building state
support, improving information given to the states and associations so that they can use it to help
the  smaller systems; and  improving .the information from states,  so that we  can serve as a
clearinghouse for successful state and local approaches.

       Mr. Jamie Bourne, state capacity initiative leader, then talked about state capacity, where           . -
the objective is to increase resources for all the state drinking water programs. One major problem
is the growing shortfall to meet SDWA requirements.  This initiative is spreading the news, about
successes and failures  at the state level so that other states can learn  from what has happened.           '--
Legislative awareness  is also critical.  There was a discussion of the issues involved in primacy
withdrawal and whether EPA has the resources to commit to this option if necessary.

       The state capacity initiative is actively pursuing involvement of third party organizations,
to get them to  use their clout with legislatures.  Some methods of accomplishing this include
formation of advisory councils and the development of interim study  committees on the legislative
side to encourage further research in this area.  Mr. Bourne stated that the momentum for the
state capacity initiative is building.

       Ms. Jane Ephrimedes, the initiative leader for institutional support, discussed efforts to build
state programs and to  assist small systems with their managerial problems. Current and proposed
activities of the work  group include: a four state study of programs; a study on improving the
compliance among existing small systems; grants with the National Conference of State Legislatures
and  the  Council  of  State  Governments;  survey  of state  enforcement programs; a  pilot
demonstration in Florida; and  a cooperative project conducted by the AWWA in Pennsylvania.
Continuing activities also include following up the viability workshop  with the eight remaining
states, working with states to adopt administrative penalty authority, analyzing operator certification
programs, recommending consistency among  programs in implementation and approach,  and
preparing a restructuring manual for state regulatory personnel.

       Dr. David Schnare, who manages the appropriate technology initiative, handed out a brief
description of the history and background of the initiative, its focus, and where its efforts are going.
He then described efforts that were being undertaken at some small systems in California,.including
marketing community water supplies, the development of technologies for small systems, and the
costs of water supply equipment sales. A series of subcommittees outside the Agency have been
developed and the Subcommittee also has looked at financing, including leasing obligations. Some
draft legislation has also been  prepared allowing for a credit program that  would allow for low-
cost  loans to water companies.

       There followed a  general discussion  about getting additional resources into the system;
informing legislators and their staff about the drinking water problems; the problems that could be
encountered when putting drinking water funds into the general revenue fund; rate increases to
eliminate  the $200 million shortfall;  the issues involved in educating the state legislators; state         :  $
versus national attention to funds for drinking water issues; some of the difficulties in sorting out
the sources of funding at the local level, where the proposed systems would actually be built; the
overall effectiveness of the mobilization effort; the lifecycle costs of technology  as well as the           -*
upfront capital end costs; the clearinghouse network; and the delivery of operator and maintenance
services.

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       VIIL   Report of the Agenda Subcommittee

       Mr. John Squires, Chairperson, confirmed that the spring meeting of the Council will be
held April 8 through 12, 1991, in Miami, Florida. The  Council will tour the world's largest air
stripping treatment facility and hear a panel discussion assembled by Dr. Yoder on integrating
ground-water protection, contamination, clean up, growth management, competing system demands,
and meeting urban water supply needs. Tentative dates for the fall 1991 meeting in Washington,
DC, will be December 9 through the 13.
       DC    Update from the Office of Ground- Water Protection (OGWP)
                                                                 >

       Ms. Marian Mlay, Director of the Office of Ground- Water Protection, discussed activities
in this office, particularly those related to the reauthorization of the Safe Drinking Water Act.

       •      Ground- Water Task Force. Formed in July a year ago, this task force produced a
              draft report, which found that most states are moving in the right direction and that
              any problems are a matter of resources or the fact that groundwater protection is
              a relatively new issue. The report describes how EPA will work with the states and
              with various programs within EPA to work together at the regional level. The report
              also covers the use of quality standards in groundwater prevention remediation.

       •      SDWA Reauthorization.  OGWP considered both the wellhead and the sole source
              aquifer (SSA) amendments -to the SDWA. There is talk  about. establishing some
              sort of minimum criteria and specific guidelines and how  to accurately determine
              them.                       .

       •      Comprehensive  Groundwater   Legislation.     OGWP;  understands   that  the
              Congressional committee members are interested in  including ground water as an
              issue in the reauthorization and that the Senate Agriculture committee is interested
              in including ground water in the next round of the FIFRA statute, since they forgot
              to include it the first time around. RCRA is being  reauthorized and will include
              ground water, and  probably a fair amount of discussion in that area.

       The Office is  increasing its outreach efforts to focus on  more organizations that have an
interest in ground water. We are also promoting more outreach  to governor's offices, particularly
new governor's staff, providing education on groundwater. issues and are beginning to get involved
in funding some local governments on demonstrating  how they can be involved in wellhead
protection.    Other priorities include major coordination within EPA with other federal agencies
and continuing to develop technical tools for local and state managers .of groundwater protection
programs.

       Questions following the update covered concerns about tieing  the groundwater program into
too many other regulatory  programs;  approved state wellhead protection programs that have
actually started implementing; putting  enough authority and flexibility into regulations such as
RCRA to help the states develop exclusionary types of criteria; and a combined manual that had
been put together with the Association of Metropolitan  Water Agencies  (ASDWA) showing the

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relationship between the wellhead protection program and the upcoming groundwater disinfection
regulations.
       X.     Report of the Ground Water / Underground Injection Control (UIC) Subcommittee
              (Attachment E)                                                       :

       Dr. Douglas Yoder, Chairperson, began by stating the Subcommittee believes that the task
force report establishes a sound framework and process and it should be adopted.  Subcommittee
discussion included an evaluation mechanism that should  be established to ensure the process is
succeeding; the UIC program, number of approvals, withdrawals, and other  resolutions; strong
enforcement  actions against selected Class V violators to serve as a catalyst for  larger scale
compliance with existing requirements; use of financial institutions and  their associations  as a
pathway to alerting potential Class V operators of Class V requirements; maximum use of existing
program structures during implementation of Class V programs; and a  recommendation that the
subcommittee take on the name of the Resource Protection Subcommittee, with particular attention
given to the resource protection programs authorizing the SDWA. In addition, the subcommittee
raised some questions about  the reorganization  and there was some general discussion of the
subcommittee's' proposed new name and of opportunities to  link the wellhead protection program
with the upcoming groundwater disinfection regulations.


       XL    Public Participation

       Mr.  Gaston  introduced  Frederick Elwell,  President of the  American  Water Works
Association (AWWA).   Mr. Elwell spoke about  both legislative and  regulatory issues that the
AWWA is currently involved in: a series of issues papers developed on subjects such as compliance
at the tap and surcharges on polluters to help fund the necessary changes to  systems;  encouraging
EPA to complete addressing comments on the Lead and Copper Rule; choices that will need to
be made because of increased competition for dollars; the overall direction of conservation issues
in Congress;  funding a compliance  person who will work for the AWWA beginning in March
within our small systems  program; and plans for an overall  policy statement about wetlands and
related issues. Discussion and questions  for Mr. Elwell followed on proper dedication of funds;
the relationship of wetlands to utilities; operator training at treatment facilities; initiatives in state
programs towards some form of user fee  funding;  and the AWWA Research Foundation.

       Mr. Gaston thanked Mr. Elwell  for his  contributions and  introduced the  next public
participation speaker-Eric Olsen of the National Wildlife Federation. He was not present at the
meeting so the first day's session was adjourned.
December 7. 1990

        Mr. Gaston called to order the last day's meeting of the Council. He  introduced Dr.
Douglas  Yoder, who presented the report arid  recommendations of the Ground Water/UIC
Subcommittee, which were unanimously adopted.
                                            8

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        XE,    Update on the National Pesticide? Survey

        Ms. Jeanne Briskin, Director of the National Pesticides Survey, presented a report on the
 Pesticide program, focused on the Phase I results of the National Pesticide  Survey.  She also
 discussed the additional analyses planned for Phase n and some of the long-term products that will
 result from the survey.

        The Phase I report  tells about the national prevalence of the detection of 127 pesticides,
 degradates, and nitrates in public and private drinking water wells in the United States. The Phase
 n report, expected in late spring, will look at possible  relationships between detections and factors
 such  as pesticide use,  cropping, well construction,  and the vulnerability of ground water to
 contamination.

        Ms. Briskin discussed the  quality assurance that was conducted during the survey, including
 audits in the Geld, proper  procedures in the lab, and the quality of data  handling once  it was
 reported from the labs to contractors. She also discussed some of the statistical aspects  of the
 survey,   and  listed results for both private wells and community wells.  One surprise of the  survey
 was a higher estimate for detectable levels in public wells than in the private wells, which will be
 looked  at in  the Phase n report Ms. Briskin then listed the different chemicals that were  found;
 discussed notification of well owners in the event of contamination; and noted potential seasonal
 differences that were discovered  during the resampling process.

        In  the Phase n report we will look at the possible influence of seasonal variability; well
 construction  and well depth; treatment  considerations; identifying conditions  where protections
 might be needed; and conduct a further analysis of the surprisingly widespread levels of dacthal,
 a fairly  low volume chemical, that were found. Other by-products of the study include information
 from  the  study  that can  be  used  to  require  additional   monitoring  studies  by registrants;
 identification of some early warning signals for possible pesticide contamination; and development
 of a nitrogen action plan within the Agency.

        There followed a brief  question  and answer  discussion  on other possible  conduits for
 contamination, such as  abandoned drainage wells; a  possible product stewardship program  with
 fertilizer manufacturers; alternatives  to  pesticides that survey participants may  have discussed;
 questions about any planned follow  up to the survey; sharing survey data with other institutions
 as a basis for further research; distribution of the report and availability of the database; and tie-
 ins with work the FDA is doing on pesticide contamination in food.
ADJOURNMENT

       The remaining subcommittees then presented their reports and the recommendations passed
with some opposition by a few members.

       Having completed all business before the Council, Chairperson Mr. John Gaston adjourned
the meeting.

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           I certify to the best of my knowledge
           that the foregoing minutes are complete
           and accurate.
           John Gaston,
           Chairperson
           Charlene Shaw,
           Designated Federal Official
10

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      ATTACHMENT A
REGISTERED AT THE MEETING
           11

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                NATIONAL DRINKING WATER ADVISORY COUNCIL
                             MEETING REGISTRATION

                                December 6 and 7, 1990
                                    Arlington, VA
T. David Chinn
John Zirschky
Ira M. Markwood
Jennifer Ruark
Paul Rawlins
Barbara T. Zakheim
Joseph T. Yost
David Martin
Tommy Holmes
Diane VanDeHei
John Davidson
James M. Conlon
Nancy Delason
Tyrone Wilson
Rey de Castro
Andrew Hanson
Sharon Gascon
Philip Squair
John Trax
James W. Berry
Albert E. Warburton
Wendy Oatis
Fred Elwell
John Sullivan
Lorraine Bender
Raissa Kirk
Ken Miller
Leslye Wakefield
Ralph Sullivan
Joanne Meegan
Bill Deal
C. Richard Bozek
Jim Groff
American Water Works Association
Office of Senator James Jeffords
Alvord, Burdick, & Henson Engineers
Inside Washington Publishers, Inc.
Commander USA EHA
Keith R. Scott Associates
Edison Electric Institute
Plumbing Manufacturers Institute
American Water Works Association
AMWA
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
American Paper Institute
IBWA
American Water Works Association
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
NAWC
ARI
NRWA
Fairfax County Water Authority
American Water Works Association
Lathan & Watkins
American Water Works Association
American Water Works Association
Geotrans, Inc.
American Mining Congress
CH2M-Hill
Versar Inc.
Consultant
Legal Assistant
International Bottled Water Association
Edison Electric Institute
NAWC
                                         12

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                  ATTACHMENT B




HEALTH, SCIENCE, AND STANDARDS SUBCOMMITTEE REPORT

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f
\
 .«.
 Designated
Federal Official
NATIONAL DRINKING WATER ADVISORY COUNCIL
             401 M Street, S.W.
           Washington, D.C. 20460
 *>•       ^

| NDWAC"
Z        4?
                                                             Chairman
      Advisor to The Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Drinking Water (WH-550)
                       Report of the Health
                Science and Standards Subcommittee
                       •'December 4-5, 1990
                         Washington, D.C.
Members Attending:

Joseph Millen
Charles Kreitler
Richard Shank
                                                   Chris Wiant
                                                   Fredrick Marrocco
                                                   James Barr
The  Subcommittee  met on  4 and  5  December 1990.
recommendations  are stated below:

Update  on  the  Drinking Water Regulation for Fluoride
                                                      Updates  and
EPA  presented an update on the status of  the MCLG and MCL review
for  Fluoride.   A detailed briefing  on recent  findings,  current
Drinking Water Regulations and pending reports was conducted.  The
Safe Drinking Water Act requires periodic reviews and EPA is in the
midst  of Assessing  the  Benefits and Risks   associated with the
current standards.   Release  of the Department of Health and Human
Services report  coupled with continuing EPA work should result in
a  decision  to  maintain  current  standards   with  issue  revised
Standards by year and 1991.

No recommendations at this time.

Phase  II

Phase  II comment period'closes 31 December 1990.  Promulgation is
scheduled  for January  1991.   The current  schedule  is realistic.
Monitoring  for Phase II  will fall into sync with monitoring for
Phase  V.    Limited  discussion  ensued regarding Aluminum with a
current  standard  proposed  of 50 to  200  mg/1  based on  post-
precipitation affects - not Health Affects.   EPA is considering an
MCL  for Aluminum.  The Nitrate MCL, addressed  in both December 1989
and  April  1990 subcommittee  meetings has been set at 10 mgll
(No  change).

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                              - 2 -

RECOMMENDATION

EPA should continue to keep in mind the integration of monitoring
requirements for Phase II and Phase V.
                         \
Advisory Council would like to hear  a  discussion on why the Agency
feels a 'possible1 secondary MCL may be set for aluminum.  An MCL
on Aluminum  as an operational  control is precedent  setting and
could have wide spread impact  on  owners and operators  of Water
Treatment Systems.

PHASE V

A Phase V update was  conducted.  Currently EPA is analyzing public
comments.  The  promulgation schedule  is  for  workgroup closure in
July 1991 and Red Border Review in September 1991.

RECOMMENDATIONS

Continue  the effort  to integrate Phase V  monitoring with the Phase
II schedule.   Advisory Council would like a briefing in April 1991
on issues raised during the  public  comment  period so  that the
Advisory  Council  may provide  final input to the  Agency  on these
issues.

URTH

A briefing package was issued on URTH.   No Subcommittee Agenda time
was  available  to discuss  this  issue.    However,  concern  was
expressed that a number of  important implementation issues must be
addressed before the Guidance is finalized.

Regulation of Disinfection By-Products fDBP's) and Disinfectants

EPA presented a revised.perspective as to the relative health risk
of   Disinfection  By-Products   (DBP)   compared   to   providing
microbiologically safe water.   The  comparison of risk is difficult
because of the difference  in the  health risk (microbiologically
safe water representing a  short-term  (acute)  issue whereas DBF's
are carcinogens and therefore  represent a chronic  long term health
hazard).  EPA is exploring various risk analysis approaches to find
common denominators  for comparisons.

Methods of disinfection were  discussed as to their effectiveness
in  providing  microbiologically  free waters  but  with  limited
development of  DBF's.

Technical and  legal  policy issues  as to the use  of MCL, BAT and
quality of source water were discussed.

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                              - 3 .-

Recommendations;

The subcommittee has  no recommendations on DBF's.  EPA  needs to
make clarifications that different disinfection rules exist, that
is; ground  water  disinfection  and disinfection-by-products  are
separate rules, both of which must be considered in the context of
the Surface Water Treatment and Total Coliform Rules.
Lead/Copper NPDWR

The Advisory Council reviewed the status of final rule development.

Recommendations;

1.   While the Council feels that the  overriding  issue is to get
     the  "Lead  Rule Out";  it  is strongly  recommended  that the
     Agency pursue limited  ah  extension of the deadline so that
     review and incorporation of over 3500 public comments can be
     brought  into  consideration.    EPA must  aggressively pursue
     finalization of comment review.

2.   States should not be required to provide "determinations" for
     optimal Corrosion Control Treatment in Small  Systems or any
     sized system.- States  should not  be mandated  to step out of
     their role of  permitting and compliance.   It should remain the
     responsibility of individual utilities to determine techniques
     to solve  "utility"  problems resulting from  Non-Compliance.
     This is an issue of both state resources  and a strong desire
     or requirement of the States not to incr liabilities with such
     a requirement.

3.   EPA should not be ,authorized to  rescind  on  a 'case-by-
     case'  basis'  State   decisions  toward  optimization  of
     corrosion control.  Inability to make correct decisions
     or administer regulations is  an  issue  of Primacy  and
     should be dealt with in terms of deciding whether a State
     does or does not qualify for Primacy.

4.   The requirement that "all systems serving greater than
     50,000 persons would have to install .... treatment ...
     "should be dropped.   Systems should all be dealt with in
     the same manner.  If the system  determines through proper
     monitoring that the  no action level is not exceeded, they
     should not be required to implement corrosion  control
     treatment.

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                              - 4. -

Radionuclides in Drinking Water

The Sub-committee received its first detailed brief on the progress
of Radionuclides.   The Advanced Notice on Rule  Making was first
issued in  1986.   Current regulation development includes Radon,
Radium 226/228, Uranium and Gross Beta and Gross Alpha requirement.

Preliminary MCL's are being proposed.  Current thinking is:

          Radium  226/228 and   Uranium  20/20/30  pCi/1
          based on  cost effectiveness,  bounded  by 10-4
          risk.

          Radon at 300 pCi/1 as most probable, based
          on health risk from inhalation due to water
          contribution.

Additionally a draft 'Radon11 pamphlet was.presented.

Recommendat ions

1.   Advisory Council  endorses  the  Science.  Advisory  Board
     request that  radon risk due to "showering" be further;
     investigated as it  is  felt that the  impact of such use
     may be underestimated.

2.   It  needs  to  be   maintained  perfectly  clear  in  all
     discussions and written literature that the affects of
     Radon emanate both from "geologic formations transferred
     to  air"  and  from  "geologic  based  radon  in  water
     transferred to air" and that health affects from geologic
     sources transferred directly  to air,  far  exceed  those
     from water  in most cases.  While  the  Advisory Council
     supports the  current  efforts  of  the  agency both  in
     process and approach to standard setting the outcome of
     MCL's coming from water will have broad reaching  impact
     on both regulated and  nonregulated users of water.  To
     this end all water effort  need to be closely coordinated
     with other Radon  issues throughout Federal Agencies.

Drinking Water Priority  List

The current  status of  the 1991  Drinking Water  Priority List was
reviewed.   In the  limited  time available  a quick  overview was
obtained.

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                                     - 5 -
       Recommendations
       The Advisory Council supports the criteria used  for  selection of
       contaminants,  however,  the Council does not feel  that "banning" a
       certain potential contaminant from use necessarily eliminates its
       occurrence in public Water systems.   An example of this is 2,4,
       5-T which was  extensively  used throughout the country and is still
       readily detected  in soil  samples.    This  contaminant should  be
       reevaluated as to whether it should be dropped from  the  list due
       to the possibility of its occurrence in ground water resulting from
       "prolonged leaching" potential.
•1

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1INUTES APPROVED:
Joseph Millen,  Chair
Charles Kreitler
James Collins (Absent)
Frederick Marrocco
                                        James Barr
.Chris Wiant

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                 ATTACHMENT C




LEGISLATIVE/PUBLIC OUTREACH SUBCOMMITTEE REPORT

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        **     •        •                                      /
         $                                                   < NDWAC S
        -r      NATIONAL DRINKING WATER ADVISORY COUNCIL      z.         ?
       ,0°                   401 M Street, S.W.
   tpR0^                   Washington, D.C.  20460
 Designated
Federal Official .                 •        v                         Chairman

     Advisor to The Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Drinking Water (WH-550)
                            Report of the
            •  Legislative/Public outreach  Subcommittee
                       December 4 and  5, 1990
 MEMBERS ATTENDING                       OTHERS ATTENDING

 •Suzi Ruhl,  Chair                        Charlene Shaw
 Mary Jane  Forster     •                  David schnare.
 Don Hickman                             Arnold Kuzmack
 John Squires               "•     "         Peter Shanaghan
 Thomas Stephens                       '             ,
 Douglas Wendel                                               .
 Douglas Yoder                                 .            .       •

 BRIEFINGAND  DISCUSSION

      During the first day of deliberations, the Legislative/Public
 Outreach'Subcommittee addressed legislative issues.. The following
 topics were considered:

 1.  Safe Drinking Water  Act Reauthorization

    The  Subcommittee's  efforts  focused  on  ensuring  broad-based
 involvement in  reauthorization activities early in the legislative
 process.   In  that context, the Subcommittee was apprised by  Arnold
 Kuzmack of the  time  frame for-such reauthorization.  Congress  will
 most   likely    consider  the  RCRA . and   CWA  first;  therefore,
 Congressional deliberation  of.the SDWA will not likely occur until
 1992 and  1993.   Consequently,  the  opportunity exists to  exercise
 a  comprehensive approach to ensuring  broad-based input into  SDWA
 Reauthorization.

     The  Subcommittee  next   discussed   results   of  the   .survey
 disseminated  by the Council last summer.   At total of 64 letters
 were  distributed to  organizations  interested  in SDWA  issues.
 Fifteen responses were received.  While this  number was low, David
 Schnare indicated that the responses received provided significant
 substantive  suggestions.      The  Subcommittee   also  discussed
 organizations who did not  receive the NDWAC  letter, but should be
 included in subsequent meetings.

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                              - 2 -

    Following this numeric analysis  of  the survey,  David Schnare
proceeded to summarize the substantive issues raised through this
process  (See Attachment  A for summary).   He  also summarized the
comments   received   during   the    SDWA   Implementation   and
Reauthorization meeting  held  on September 26 and 27,  1990 (See
Attachment 2 for Summary).

    The  Subcommittee concluded  deliberations on  this  issue  by
defining its role in future efforts and identifying a strategy to
follow-up on the initial NDWAC letter.

2.  Overview of Drinking Water/Ground Water Bills Introduced
      to Congress
  _ *                              i
    Roy Simon and David Schnare presented legislative information,
including written summaries of legislation passed and introduced
to  Congress,  regarding  drinking water  and  ground  water.   The
Subcommittee discussed  the nature  of  the SDWA  Reauthoriz;ation
debate, including likely Congressman and Senators involved in the
debate, . ancillary  activities  of  public,  private,  and  state
organizations,  and type  of issues which are currently surfacing in
the debate.

3.  Past* Present and Future Budget and Allocation Levels

    Arnold Kuzmack  provided  a budget history for the  Office  of
Drinking  Water  for FY  1987-FY  1991.     The Subcommittee  then
discussed  a  number  of  issues,  including the  impact  of  office
reorganization  on  allocation levels,  the   continual  need  for
increases in state program funding, and other high priority needs
(e.g. enforcement and Class IV and V Wells).

During the second day of deliberations,  the Subcommittee focused
on  public  outreach  activities.    The  following  topics  were
addressed:

1*  Mobilization Program

    Peter  Shanaghan provided a  comprehensive  overview  of  the
Mobilization Program,  including  a  description  of  the mission,
initiatives,   remaining   challenges,   and   most   importantly,
accomplishments.  The Subcommittee discussed the importance of the
program and expressed gratification  that  the  program has matured
to produce quantifiable results.

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                              - 3 -
 2*  Outreach

    Charlene  Shaw presented  an overview  of the vast  number of
 public   education  documents   prepared  by  the  program.    The
 Subcommittee  discussed  additional  topics  for  brochures,  and
 expressed  gratification  for  the  quantity  and  quality  of work
 produced by the  initiative.

 3.  National  Drinking Water Week

    Charlene  Shaw advised the  Subcommittee that NDWAC had been made
'a  formal  member of  the National  Drinking Water  Week  Steering
 Committee.  The Subcommittee appointed Charlene Shaw as the liaison
 to  that Committee.   The Subcommittee also discussed NDWAC 's role
 in  National  Drinking  Water  week 1991.   After  considering the
 possibility of direct NDWAC involvement  in Drinking Water Week, the
 Subcommittee  requested that Don Hickman investigate  the  production
 of  a short PSA  video which  would promote  the  need for citizen
 support of drinking  water protection measures.

 4.  Pilot  Project in Region 1

    Charlene  Shaw described a  Pilot Project in Region 1 to increase
 involvement   of   all interested   organization,  governments  and
 citizens in drinking water protection.  The Subcommittee  recognized
 the value of key regional EPA personnel  in ensuring  successful
 mobilization  efforts.
 RECOMMENDATIONS  AND  REQUESTS

 LEGISLATION

 In  order to encourage clarification  of issues and resolution  of
 divergent  positions:

 (1)  the Subcommittee recommends that EPA develop and  implement a
 coordinated plan  to  secure  broad-based,  early  involvement  of
 organizations   regulated  by,  benefitting   from  or   otherwise
 interested  in  drinking   water  and   ground  water  in   SDWA
 Reauthorization  activities.

 (2)  the Subcommittee recommends  that  EPA  analyze the  list  of
 organizations currently participating in EPA's SDWA Reauthorization
 activities,  determine categories  of organizations that should  be
 involved,  but are  not; and seek to involve these organizations.

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                              _ 4 -

(3) As a continuation of the subcommittee's efforts to facilitate
the  exchange  of  ideas  among  diverse  organizations  on  SDWA
reauthorization, the Subcommittee requests ODW to prepare a follow-
up document which reorganizes by statutory  section  the  comments
received pursuant to the NDWAC's letter  of July 10,  1990  and the
SDWA Reauthorization meeting held on September 26 and 27,  1990,
identifies issues per section  and;  provides  an analysis  of these
issues.  Subsequently, the  Subcommittee requests. ODW to distribute
this analysis after review by the Subcommittee to the expanded list
of organizations  involved  in SDWA Reauthorization,  along  with a
request that the organizations clarify their position, identify new
issues and rank their top  5  or 10  concerns.   At the Spring NDWAC
meeting the Subcommittee will then respond to the major issues.


(4)  the.Subcommittee.requests the OGC to examine areas where CWA
authority, including compliance authority, may apply to  the SDWA
issues for consideration during SDWA reauthorization, and provide
this analysis to the Subcommittee at the Spring NDWAC meeting.

(5)  The Subcommittee requests that EPA  provide the Subcommittee
with an outline and schedule of Agency  activities regarding the
SDWA Reauthorization,  so that  the Subcommittee  can participate
effectively.

PUBLIC OUTREACH

(1)  The Subcommittee states  that  a priority of the Mobilization
Program should be to educate  the public  on the value of  drinking
water and that funds are needed to improve and/or protect drinking
water  resources.   As  part  of this  effort,  the  program  should.
increase utilization of  utility directors and  state legislators to
develop  broad-based support  for   drinking   water  programs  and
providers.  In particular,  the Subcommittee  recommends that "the
Mobilization Program focus  on utility owners/operators to increase
their support of this issue.

(2)  The Subcommittee recommends that public communication skills
be included in training programs for small  system operators and
others providing drinking water.

(3)  The Subcommittee recommends that ODW  develop additional public
documents, including: (1)  a  simple,  user friendly document which
explains the .purpose and utility of  the SDWA programs for small
system  operators  and others regulated  by  the  SDWA;  and  (2)  a
document which explains how citizens can determine the compliance
status  of  their public  water system and what to do  about non-
compliance.

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                                     - 5  -

       (4)   The . Subcommittee recommends  that EPA be  sensitive to  the
 -      public  notification language in rules in order to avoid  over  use
       or unnecessary use of public health notices  which would undermine
.*•      their effectiveness  when  there is  a  real need  due  to  a public
y      health  threat.  Public notification in cases where you have no real
"«      risk to public health may be  counterproductive.  It's effectiveness
       needs to be preserved for public health threats and to preserve  the
       credibility of the drinking water utilities that are  in compliance
       with Federal and state drinking water regulations.

       (5)    The  Subcommittee highly  commends  Charlene  Shaw  for  her
       exemplary efforts in  Outreach activities, including the production
       of numerous  documents designed to  educate  the public  on SDWA
       concerns.

       (6)     The  Subcommittee  commends   the Agency  for  adopting  its
       recommendation #4(b)   of  April 9,   1990,  that  the Agency provide
       camera-ready documents, to organizations  for their own production
       and  distribution.  This is a very cost  effective method to increase
       utilization  of these  documents.     Caution  was  expressed that
       audiences exist which are financially unable to reproduce documents
       and  therefore EPA must still strive to educate  these  audiences.

       (7)     The   Subcommittee  expressed  praise  and  support  of  the
       Mobilization  Program and  recommends  that  the  Agency  increase
       resources  for this program.

       Next Meeting Agenda;

            The Subcommittee recommends the following items be deliberated
       at the  Spring NDWAC meeting:

       (1)   Briefing on R&D  resources dedication to ecological vs public
       health  issues.

       (2)   Briefing on the  effect reorganization of the Office of Water
       will have  on allocation of resources.

       (3)   Briefing on the  analysis of issues and audiences targeted by
       the  Mobilization Program.

 ?*"     (4)   Briefing by a public communications expert on effective public
 ',•      education  skills and  tools.
 •

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Minutes approved:
Suzi Runl, Chair
Thomas Stephen
Douglas Wendel
'Mary  any Forster
Donald Hickman

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                                  ATTACHMENT D
                       STATE PROGRAMS SUBCOMMITTEE REPORT
Stf
•$•
5 *

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              m
              0
      Designated
     Federal Official
                                                                 
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                              - 2 -

    4.  Increased support of ASDWA "Peer Review Program"
        and study of turnover in state drinking water
        personnel.  (April 90)

    5.  More resources for training initiative and appointment
        of a full time national training coordinator.  (April 90)

    6.  Develop a program to recognize good performance by
        a water system. (April 90)

III.  REPORTS AND BRIEFINGS TO COMMITTEE

A.  "Affordability Issues in New Rules" was briefed by A.W. Marks
with emphasis on a new policy on variances for systems with service
populations between  1,500 and 3,300 people.   It was  noted that
systems  with populations of  less than  1500  people   (i.e.  500
connections) are eligible  under the SDWA for extendable exemptions.
Systems  with more  than  500  connections  may  only receive  one
exemption not to exceed  3 years.  The  new variance policy would
allow state  administrators  to declare  there  is no BAT  and thus
grant a  variance to  the larger  small systems  (i.e.  1500-3,300
people)  if no BAT is affordable and there is no unreasonable risk
to health.

B.  "Implementation Strategy for Lead/Phase II" was briefed by Ray
Enyeart.   The  committee  members received a  detailed  listed of
actions, deadlines  and resources required for  implementation of
Phase II, Lead,  SWTR, and Total Coliform.  It was noted that this
analysis is  very preliminary and  that resources are  not  yet in
place.
                               .?
C.  "Implementation of Lead Ban/LCCA" was briefed by Judy Lebowich.
Although only two states  (i.e. PA and NY) have been penalized for
not implementing the lead ban, there are some questions about the
effectiveness of the ban in  other states.  The response of schools
to testing fountains and plumbing under the LCCA is disappointing.

D.  "Implementation of SWTR/TCR" was briefed by Clive Davies.

E.  "Current Enforcement Initiatives" was briefed by Betsy Devlin
The number of SNCs has increased due to a change in definition of
SNC.  Ms. Devlin will send copies of the 1989 Compliance Report to
Subcommittee members.

F.  Withholding state grant funds from states  for not providing
enough resources during extension periods was discussed.  Concern
was  expressed  that  the  resources  are simply  not  available to
implement the SWTR/TCR in  all  States.   The alternative  of EPA
taking primacy  was discussed as an viable alternative to simply
reducing the states primacy grants.

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                                     «M» *) MM

       IV.  DISCUSSION                                 .

       A.  Variances for large small systems  (i.e. 1500 to 3,300 people):

$          The effect of allowing variances based on  no  affordable BAT
.:      would be to extend to an additional 8% of the CWS an option similar
I      to the  extendable exemptions  allowed for the 80%  of  the systems
I-      that have less than 500 connections  (i.e. under 1500 people).  The
       whole idea, of  allowing any type of exemption or variance to any
       system is disturbing to most of.the Subcommittee members.  These
       members, thus, oppose  increasing the  number of  systems which can
       apply for  any exemption  or variance.   They prefer  the  use  of
       enforceable compliance schedules.

       B.  The Subcommittee is concerned that  a timely response was not
       received on all   of  the recommendations  from .the  last meeting.
       Perhaps the multiple letter' approach which attempted  to target
       recommendations to the  most appropriate  level within EPA should be
       reconsidered.   It' might  be advisable  to  return  to  sending all,
       recommendations to the Administrator.

       C.    The  Subcommittee discussed   pursuing  several  long  range
    '.  projects:

         (1) *   Consolidation  Regionalization.  and  Bulk  Purchase;
       Consolidation of  non-viable, non-complying  systems into adjacent
       larger systems, regionalizing small systems into a larger system,
       or requirement for bulk purchase of wholesale water from a nearby
       system should be considered BAT for small systems.

         (2)   State Program  Financing  -  Review and recommendations".on
       funding of  state programs.   Concentrate on evaluation  of other
       studies.

         (3)   Assessing  the  viability of  the SDWA implementation and
       enforcement policy.    *

       D.   The Subcommittee  had  a  working lunch  with   EPA's Regional
       Drinking  Water   Branch  Chiefs.     The  informal   contacts  and
       perspectives gained were very insightful.  A wide  range of issues
       were  discussed,   including assignment  of the  RCRA  underground
       storage tank  (UST) program to ODW and alternatives to address the
       building SDWA implementation crises.
r-r •                       •                               '
^      E.  Concern was expressed that resources are simply not available
•J      to implement the  SWTR/TCR  by all states.  The alternative, of EPA
* •     taking  primacy  from some  states was discussed,  but  considered
0      unlikely due to lack of resources within EPA ODW.  .

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                              _ 4 -

F.  It is the  consensus  of this  subcommittee that on the current
course full implementation of the SDWA is highly questionable and
that  EPA  will shortly be faced with  key decisions  which  quite
possibly could place the  entire program in chaos and crisis at the
state level.

G.  The need  for a focus group to review, evaluate  and revise a
comprehensive  blueprint  for implementation of the safe drinking
water program for the Nation was discussed.  The blueprint should
result in  a realistic program based  on existing resources  and
revised time frames unless additional resources are provided.
V.  RECOMMENDATIONS

    A.  It is the consensus of the State Programs Subcommittee that
implementation of the  1986  Amendments to the SDWA  is  in serious
danger of collapse from a critical shortage of federal, state and
local resources and/or the inability to meet statutory deadlines.
The magnitude of the problem is reflected in the much larger than
expected number of states which are requesting extensions for the
SWTR and the TCR which are the most fundamental of the rules.  The
impact of these extensions is likely to snowball into an avalanche
as the  lead rule,  Phase  II  rule and other rules  follow quickly
behind.    The  unrealistic  deadlines  and  inadequate  resource
allocations make inevitable a national crisis that could threaten
public health.

     This pending crisis  in  the  safe  drinking water program must
be  elevated  to  the  'highest  level  of  national  debate  before
Congress, state legislatures, governors and the public, and should
be the  focus " of this  Council\s  future agenda until  the pending
crisis is resolved.  It is further recommended that the NDWAC write
an open  letter to Congress  further  detailing and emphasizing the
nature of the problem.

    B.   The Subcommittee  strongly cautions  the  EPA from relaxing
the variance criteria  and procedures  for small  jurisdictions for
several reasons:
                                      ^
                                                           i
    1.  It would send or be interpreted as a  signal that if a small
jurisdiction waits  long  enough,  screams loud enough  and/or its
remedial  solution  costs  are high  enough,  a variance  could  be
forthcoming.                                               '  "

    2.   The burden placed  on state regulators of  reviewing and
processing  small  jurisdictional requests   for  a  variance  and
resulting appeals when turned down would be  onerous  and force a
redirection of very limited  state resources from more productive
and necessary activities  of a higher priority.

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                                     - 5 -

           3.   The resultant political backlash and legislative pressure
       associated with rejection or refusal of the variance will further
       undermine state regulatory agencies1 image and ability  to secure
       legislative   support   for   increased   funding   and    program
       implementation authority.

           4.    Delaying  tactics  likely  entered  into  with  any  small
       communities as  a  result of  relaxation,  would most  certainly  be
       detrimental to the interest of public health.
,•*

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 Minutes Approved:
^Thomas E. Stephens,  Chairman 5*  "
' C Did nc* concvt* \n pacctn/ntAcldhen 4 one/
                                	
 Frederick ^.^MarroccdSs^Vice Chair
 John Smiires
 Joseph A.  Millen

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            ATTACHMENT E




GROUNDAVATER/UIC SUBCOMMITTEE REPORT

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*

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        \                                                   i       \
         a                                                   5 NDW'AC m
        ^     NATIONAL DRINKING WATER ADVISORY COUNCIL       *         *
        P                   401 M Street, S.W.                    ^     f
                          Washington, D.C. 20460                    ^Oftvco0
 Designated
Federal Official     •               •   ,                              Chairman

      Advisor to The Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Drinking Water (WH-550) •


                           Report of the
                   Ground Water/uic Subcommittee
                      December  5  and  6,  1990
                                                                 »
Members Attending                          Staff

Douglas Yoder,  Chairperson                 Marian Mlay
Mary Jane  Forster                          Roy Simon
Donald Hickman    :                          Ron Hoffer
Charles Kreitler                            Bob Barles
Suzi Ruhl                                   George Hoessel
Chris Wiant                                " Bruce Kobelski
                              •'  -      .     Don Olson

                   Ground Water Topics Discussed

i;   EPA  Ground-Water Task Force Report-  ;
2.   Wellhead  Protection Program Update
3.   Ground  Water FY 1991 Budget                                -
4.   Consistency  in the Application of Ground-Water Standards
5.   Ground  Water Legislative Report .
6.   Safe Drinking Water Act Reauthorization  Issues


1.   EPA  Ground-Water Task Force Report

     Marian  Mlay, Director of the Office  of Ground-Water
     Protection,  reported that the Task Force Report  was at OMB
     and  other Federal agencies  for review and that any further
     comments  from the NDWAC would be  appreciated  and still on
     time.  Marian also described the major aspects of the Draft
   .  Report  and answered several questions from  Subcommittee
     members.

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r
             Recommendation:

             1.   EPA Ground-Water Task Force Report

             The Subcommittee finds that EPA's Ground-Water Task Force
             Report establishes a sound framework and process" for
             protecting the nation's ground water and should be adopted.
             The success of the effort will relate directly to the
             Administrator's continuing support of the process.  An
             evaluation mechanism should .be established to ensure that
             the process is succeeding.  The Subcommittee also recommends
             that the process encompass budgetary and legislative issues
             as well as regulatory issues.

             Wellhead Protection Program Update

             Marian Mlay described the current status noting, that 13
             States have approved programs, 34 States are working with
             EPA on developing programs and 10 have so far decided riot to
             submit a program.  Marian also described OGWP's continuing
             efforts to assist States through technical assistance.
             There was discussion among the Subcommittee members
             concerning:  1) the amount of wellhead funding for each
             State under Section 106 of CWA; 2) EPA's efforts to move
             States at a faster pace; 3) the relationship between
             wellhead protection and siting new wells; and 4)  the
             demonstrations of wellhead data management as well as the FY
             1991 demonstration efforts.

             Recommendations:

             1.   The Subcommittee recommends that due emphasis be cjiven
                  to the implementation of approved programs.  Incentives
                  for implementing approved programs should be provided.
                  This aspect of the program will become more significant
                  as additional states complete protection plans.   :

             2.   The Subcommittee commends the Agency for providing the
                  support to localities in the wellhead protection
                  demonstration program and for maximizing the
                  flexibility of that program.  Continuation of the
                  program is recommended.
             Ground-Water FY 1991 Budget

             Bob Barles of OGWP described the FY 1991 budget for OGWP
             grants to States and demonstration funding.
                                      - 2 -

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4.   Consistency in the Application of Ground-water Standards

     Charles Kreitler raised this issue and their was discussion
     of the problem focusing on use of ground-water standards by
     other EPA programs and Federal agencies and on the policy on
     use of quality standards in the EPA Ground-Water Task Force
  .   Report.

5.   Ground-Water Legislative Report

     Roy Siraon of OGWP described the ground-water legislation
     introduced and debated in the 101st Congress as well as the
     ground-water related provisions of the 1990 Farm Bill,  which
     was enacted.  There was also a discussion of the potential
     legislative action on ground water in the 102nd Congress.

6.   safe Drinking Water Act Reauthorization Issues

     Marian Mlay and Roy Simon described the Wellhead Protection
     Program issues raised and the summary of discussions at
     EPA's SDWA Implementation meeting of September 26/27, 1990.
                      PIC ISSUES DISCUSSED
1.  Class I Wells
     Of 65 no-migration petitions,  35 have been approved,  8 have
     been 'withdrawn,  5 have met standards for treatment,  2 have
     been determined to be non-hazardous, 11 have later land ban
     dates, 1 is being handled on a case by case review,  and 3
     were for unpermitted, unconstructed facilities.   A question
     was raised as to whether wells that are non-injection, non-
     hazardous materials may ultimately cause problems from
     dispersal of already injection hazardous materials.   A
     study has been undertaken to determine how the program to
     date has actually changed the volumes of materials being
     injected and what has happened to wastes from facilities
     no longer injecting.  With respect to legal challenges on
     the non-migration process, the court has upheld the Agency
     process.  A report assessing the adequacy of assumptions
     used in the no-migration modelling has been prepared and
     peer reviewed.  A copy will be provided to the Subcommittee.

     No migration petitions approvals are indefinite,  but are
     reviewed as part of permit renewals and can be reviewed
     at any time if questions are raised concerning the validity
     of the approval.
                              - 3 -

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 On Class II wells, a ground truthing exercise has been
 completed for the abandoned well identification program
 based upon field work in Oklahoma.  Oklahoma's records
 are particularly complete so that the case may not be  ,
 typical.

TCLP

 The Toxicity Characteristics Rule was published last
 March, with guidance for large quantity generators
 effective in September.  For small quantity generators
 the rule is effective in March of 1991.

Class V Wells

 The mostcommon receptacle 'for Class V wells is a septic
 tank, which creates a potential problem with respect to
 "clean closure" under RCRA.  This may be handled by
 generic close out plans by administrative order.       \
 On a case by case basis, enforcement action may be
 taken where ground water or water supply contamination i
 is verified.  A contamination case compendium has been
 developed to characterize these types of cases to      '
 date.  The Class V strategy will strongly emphasize
 state and local programs and will utilize an approach
 similar to the mobilization.  Major oil companies have
 been approached to have them correct non-complying
 operations.  There may be an avenue by which local
 agencies responsible for underground tank programs may
 be another pathway to compliance.  Another pathway may
 be through lenders and mortgage holders who are
 increasingly concerned about liability for contamination,
 There is a lack of information about Class V discharges.
 The SARA Title III Toxic release inventory is one
 possibility, but is not very likely to include Class V
 wells.

 The Class V regulation will seek to limit injectate at
 point of discharge to MCLs and HAs, with exceptions for
 domestic septic tanks and storm water disposal with
 best management practices.  Two reg workgroup meetings
 have been held.  National forums on a strawman proposal
 are planned for Spring of 1991, with promulgation
 expected in Fall of 1992.
                          - 4 -

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4.
CLASS XI Wells
   Mid-Course correction guidance are in final review status.
These cover mechanical integrity testing, commercial brine
disposal operations, temporarily abandoned wells, and cementing
records.  A regulatory negotiation is scheduled for. new
nationally consistent construction standards for Class II wells,
In particular, the proposed guidance recommends a number of
security, injectate testing, and manifesting activities which,
when applied, will reduce the possibility of inappropriate
materials being disposed in commercial brine disposal wells.
UIC RECOMMENDATIONS AND REQUESTS

1.  The Subcommittee recommends that the Agency review and report
on Class I wells which have ceased injection of hazardous
materials, but continue the injection of non-hazardous materials
and whether no-migration analyses should be required in these
instances.

2.  The Subcommittee recommends that the Agency take strong
enforcement action against a few selected Class V violators to
'serve as a catalyst for larger scale compliance with existing
requirements.

3.  The Subcommittee recommends that the Agency utilize financial
institutions and their association as a pathway too alerting
potential Class V operators of Class V requirements.  The lenders
may be potential responsible parties if Class V operations result
in ground water contamination.

4.  In. implementing the Class. V program maximum use should be
made of existing program structures such as underground storage
tank programs, state and local on-site sewage disposal systems
regulatory programs, and a mobilization type of approach to
public education.

RECOMMENDATION ON SUBCOMMITTEE NAME AND MISSION

The Subcommittee recommends that the Subcommittee name be changed
to "Resource Protection Subcommittee" to better reflect its
mission in the water supply enterprise.  The following mission
statement is recommended:

To review, evaluate, and formulate recommendations regarding
programs to protect the quality and integrity of present and
future sources of water supply.  Of special concern will be those
resource protection programs authorized under the Safe Drinking
Water Act, but other programs and resource protection needs will
be considered as appropriate.

                              - 5 - .

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QUESTIONS ON REORGANIZATION OF OFFICE OF WATER

1.  Will splitting the UIC function impair the UIC Program?

2.  Will combining the ground water and drinking water programs
affect the effectiveness of both?  Will the reduction in status
of OGWP/ODW to divisions reduce the probability of successful
implementation of their respective programs?                !

3.  Will the reorganization alter the amount of resources going
to the various programs?  If so, how?          '             :

4.  How will the reorganization impact regional organizations?
                              - 6 -

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    Minutes Approved:
            .f
    DotiglasJYodery Cha^ir
    Charles  Kreitler,  Co-Chair
     Chris Wiant
     Mary Jan& Farster
     Don Hickman
     James Collins (Absent),
•7


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