\ N FY 1983 STATUS REPORT The Notional Public Water System Program .. r* 35 O DS to • *» >- O ^, 02 Tl -) O K O I <* to o "8 Prepared by The Office of Drinking Water U.S.Envinonmental Protection Agency April 1984 ------- FEDFRAL REGULATORY REQUIREMENT A TOTAL OF 57 STATES OR TERRITORIES ARE ACCOUNTABLE UNITS UNDER THE FEDERAL DRINKING WATER PROGRAM: 0 52 STATES HAVE PRIMARY ENFORCEMENT RESPONSIBILITY (PRIMACY) 0 5 PROGRAMS ARE BEING ADMINISTEREP BY EPA REGIONAL OFFICES (REGIONAL PRIMACY). MCL'S MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVELS (MCL's) FOR MICROBIOLOGICAL CONTAMINANTS,, TURBIDITY, AND CHEMICAL CONTAMINANTS INCLUDE OVER TWENTY SPECIFIC CHEMICAL, RADIOLOGICAL ELEMENTS OR ORGANISMS WHICH ARE UNDESIRABLE IN DRINKING WATER. M/R IN ORDER TO ENSURE THAT DRINKING WATER IS SAFE, THERE IS REQUIRED MONITORING AND REPORTING (M/R) FOR EACH OF THESE MCL's AT A SPECI- FIED FREQUENCY ACCORDING TO THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM (PWS). FRDS ON AN ANNUAL BASIS, THE STATES AND EPA REGIONAL OFFICES ARE REQUIRED TO FORWARD TO FPA's OFFICE OF DRINKING WATER STATUS REPORTS WHICH INDICATE HOW SUCCESSFULLY REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS WERE MET- THESE DATA ARE STORED IN THE FEDERAL REPORTING DATA SYSTEM. ------- PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY IN U.S. THERE ARE APPROXIMATELY 216,800 WATER SYSTEMS UNDER FEDERAL JURISDICTION- 0 OF THESE., 277- (58,700) SERVE PRIMARILY RESIDENTIAL SERVICE AREAS (COMMUNITY WATER SYSTEMS) AND 737 SERVE PRIMARILY TRANSIENTS (NoN-COMMUNITY WATER SYSTEMS). 0 OF THE COMMUNITY PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS, - SURFACE WATER IS THE PRIMARY SOURCE OF 18.8* OF THE SYSTEMS, AND SERVES 65.67 OF THE POPULATION; - GROUND WATER SERVES 81.27, OF THE SYSTEMS AND 3*M7 OF THE POPULATION. 0 OF THE NON-COMMUNITY SYSTEMS 967 ARE SERVED BY GROUND- WATER SOURCES. - 2 ------- Public Water Supply in Nation FY1983 Total 216,800 Community 58.700(27.1%) Non-community 158.100(72.9%) PWS surface water 11,000(18.8%) ground water 47,700(81.2%) surface water 6.300(4%) ground water 151800(96%) population served surface water (65.6%) ground water (344%) ------- SYSTEM Sf/F CATFGORIFS SIZF VFRY SMAI.I SMA1.I. MFJHUM LARGF VFRY LARGF POPULATION SFRVFn 25 - 500 501 - 3,300 3,301 ~ 10,000 10,001 - 100,000 GREATER THAN 100,000 NOTE: FOR PURPOSES OF THIS ANALYSIS, THE SYSTEMS ARE DIVIDED INTO FIVE SIZE CATEGORIES. THE BREAK AT 3,300 IS BASED ON THE REQUIREMENT FOR MICROBIOLOGICAL MONITORING " SYSTEMS SAMPLE MONTHLY AND DETERMINE COMPLIANCE QUARTERLY, BASED ON THREE MONTHS OF SAMPLING (STATES MAY REQUIRE BOTH MONTHLY MONITORING AND COMPLIANCE DETERMINATION). ------- SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF CWS'S OF THE 58,700 COMMUNITY SYSTFHS, 0 64. 4T OF THE SYSTEMS SERVE LESS THAN 2*67 OF THE POPULATION; 0 ABOUT 0.5% OF THE SYSTEMS SERVE MORE THAN THE POPULATION. OF AS WE HAVE REALIZED FROM THE BEGINNING, THERE ARE SIGNIFICANT NUMBERS OF SMALL AND VERY SMALL SYSTEMS, AND THE PROBLEMS EXPERIENCED BY THESE PLACE A REAL DEMAND ON THE RESOURCES OF THE PRIMACY AGENTS. - 5 - ------- Size Distribution of CWS's FY 1983 Percent Distribution Sizt Category Numbtrof CO Numb«r *f CWS'» 37,813 13,915 3,943 ^770 277 5a,718CTo*a|) - 6 - ------- TYPF OF Vim ATIONS PERSISTENT : IHTFRMITTFNT : L* OR MORE MONTHS IN VIOLATION OR MORE THAN 1 QUARTER IN VIOLATION: 3 OR FEWER MONTHS IN VIOLATION OR 1 QUARTER IN VIOLATION. NOTE: THIS ANALYSIS PRESENTS VIOLATIONS IN TERMS OF DURATION- WE ARE MORE CONCERNED WITH PERSISTENT VIOLATORS — 4 OR MORE MONTHS, OR MORE THAN 1 QUARTER, AND WE ARE DIFFER- ENTIATING BETWEEN SYSTEMS WITH RECURRING OR CHRONIC VIOLATIONS AND SYSTEMS WITH INTERMITTENT OR SHORT-TERM VIOLATIONS- ------- NATIONAL MICROBIOLOGICAL COMPLIANCE VERIFICATION OF THE REPORTS SUBMITTED BY THE STATES HAS BEEN OCCURRING FOR THE LAST TWO YEARS. THE VERIFICATION EFFORT HAS HELPED THE STATES TO IMPROVE THEIR DATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF THE REPORTS. THE IMPROVED REPORTING HAS RESULTED IK AN APPARENT INCREASE IN VIOLATION RATES; THIS MAY NOT HAVE BEEN AN INCREASE IN ACTUAL VIOLATIONS BUT ONLY AN INCREASE IN REPORTED VIOLATIONS- IN FY 1981, 70.2% OF THE SYSTEMS WERE REPORTED IN COMPLIANCE; 19.8% WERE INTERMITTENT VIOLATORS AND 10-0% WERE PERSISTENT VIOLATORS- IN FY 1982, 69-9% OF THE SYSTEMS WERE REPORTED IN COMPLIANCE; 20-3% WERE INTERMITTENT VIOLATORS AND 9-8% WERE PERSISTENT VIOLATORS- IN FY. 1983, 70.7% OF THE SYSTEMS WERE REPORTED IN COMPLIANCE; 20.5% WERE INTERMITTENT VIOLATORS AND 8-8% WERE PERSISTENT VIOLATORS. - 8 - ------- Notional Microbiological Compliance MCL&M/fc FY1981-FY1983 KZl Intermittent Full Compflanof FY19B1 FY1982 FY1983 9.8% 8.8% - 9 - ------- NATIONAL MICROBIOLOGICAL MCL COMPLIANCF IN FY 1981, 91.57 OF THE SYSTEMS REPORTEDLY MET THE MCL REQUIREMENTS; 7»6 Z WERE INTERMITTENT VIOLATORS OF THE MCL AND 0-9 % WERE PERSISTENT VIOLATORS OF THE MCL- IN FY 1982, 90.1? OF THE SYSTEMS MET THE MCL REQUIREMENTS; 8.6* WERE INTERMITTENT VIOLATORS OF THE MCL AND 1•3% WERE PERSISTENT VIOLATORS OF THE MCL. IN FY 1983, 901 OF THE SYSTEMS MET THE MCL REQUIREMENTS; 8.6? WERE INTERMITTENT VIOLATORS OF THE MCL AND 1-4% WERE PERSISTENT VIOLATORS OF THE MCL. - 10 - ------- Notional Microbiological Compliance Ma FY1981-FY1983 Bi Pmtetont E3 Full Compflanc* FY19B1 FY19B2 FY1983 - 11 - ------- NATIONAL MICROBIOLOGICAL MONITORING COMPLIANCE IN FY 1981, 75-4% OF THE SYSTEMS REPORTEDLY MET ALL THE M/R REQUIREMENTS; 16.3% WERE INTERMITTENT VIOLATORS AND 8-3% WERE PERSISTENT VIOLATORS- IN FY 1982, 75.6% OF THE SYSTEMS REPORTEDLY MET ALL THE M/R REQUIREMENTS; 16.8% WERE INTERMITTENT VIOLATORS AND 7-6% WERE PERSISTENT VIOLATORS- IN FY 1983, 76.6% OF THE SYSTEMS REPORTEDLY MET ALL THE MONITORING AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS. ° 6.8% OF THE SYSTEMS WERE PERSISTENT VIOLATORS; ° 16.6% OF THE SYSTEMS WERE INTERMITTENT VIOLATORS. - 12 - ------- NoHonal Microbiological Compliance Monitoring (M/ft) FY1981-FY1983 E23 Intermittent CS Pwslitent KS Full Compliance FY19B1 FY19B2 6.3% FY1983 6.8% - 13 - ------- NATIONAL TURBIDITY COMPLIANCE IN FY 1981, 86-1% OF THE SURFACE SYSTEMS REPORTEDLY MET THE REQUIREMENTS. 6.97 WERE INTERMITTENT VIOLATORS AND 7-0% WERE PERSISTENT VIOLATORS- IN FY 1982, 83.7% OF THE SURFACE SYSTEMS MET THE REQUIREMENTS. 4.77 WERE INTERMITTENT VIOLATORS AND ll.fi% WERE PERSISTENT VIOLATORS. IN FY 1983, 89.5% OF THE SURFACE SYSTEMS MET THE REQUIREMENTS. 6-J% WERE INTERMITTENT VIOLATORS AND 4-4% WERE PERSISTENT VIOLATORS- - 14 ------- National Turbidity Compliance FY1981-FY1983 In !• militant ^^M^I^4iM4bA rvrwvrvfn full Cempn«nc« FY1981 FY1982 nrwas - 15 - ------- NATIONAL TURBIDITY MCL COMPLIANCE IN FY 1981, 95.IT OF THE SYSTEMS REPORTEDLY MET THE MCL REQUIREMENTS; 3«1Z OF THE SYSTEMS WERE INTERMITTENT VIOLATORS AND 1«8/K WERE PERSISTENT VIOLATORS IN FY 1982, 96.H* OF THE SYSTEMS REPORTEDLY MET THF MCL REQUIREMENT; 2-21 OF THE SYSTEMS WERE INTERMITTENT VIOLATORS; AND L4* OF THE SYSTEMS WERE PERSISTENT VIOLATORS. IN FY 1983, 97X OF THE SYSTEMS REPORTFDLY MET THE MCL REQUIREMENTS. 0 LIT OF THE SYSTEMS WERE INTERMITTENT VIOLATORS; 0 L9Z OF THE SYSTEMS WERE PERSISTENT VIOLATORS- 16 - ------- National Turbidity Compliance MCL FY1981-FY1983 full CompManec 1981 1982 1983 - 17 - ------- NATIONAL TURBIDITY MONITORING COMPLIANCE IN FY 1981, 89-85! OF THE SYSTEMS REPORTEDLY MET THE M/R REQUIREMENTS; 4.9% OF THE SYSTEMS WERE INTERMITTENT VIOLATORS AND 5•37 WERE PERSISTENT VIOLATORS IN FY 1982, 8fi.3% OF THE SYSTEMS REPORTEDLY MET THE M/R REQUIREMENT; 3-52 OF THE SYSTEMS WERE INTERMITTENT VIOLATORS; AND 10.2% OF THE SYSTEMS WERE PERSISTENT VIOLATORS. IN FY 1983, 91.9? OF THE SYSTEMS REPORTEDLY MET THE M/R REQUIREMENTS. 0 3«1% OF THE SYSTEMS WERE INTERMITTENT VIOLATORS; ° 5.0? OF THE SYSTEMS WERE PERSISTENT VIOLATORS. - 18 - ------- |