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                              INTRODUCTION
In Fiscal Year 1981 (October 1, 1980 to September 30,  1981), the  State
of Alaska, Department of Environmental Conservation  (ADEC) and  U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Region X  (EPA) have entered into  the
third annual Alaska State/EPA Agreement.   The purpose  of the agreement
is to have one integrated document to

     .  Identify the priority environmental problems  in the State
       of Alaska.

     .  Explain how ADEC and EPA have established priorities for
       addressing these problems.

     .  State the actions agreed to be taken by each Agency to solve
       the identified priority environmental problems within resource
       and regulatory constraints.

     .  Provide an opportunity for the public to participate and
       understand the overall State/Federal environmental effort
       in the State of Alaska.

The Alaska State/EPA Agreement will be used by ADEC and EPA throughout
FY 81 to guide day-to-day program operations, to track program and
environmental accomplishments, and to assure Federal program grant funds
are used effectively.   The agreement covers Federal program grants
administered by EPA and available to the State of Alaska under the
provisions of the Clean Water Act - PL 95-217; Safe Drinking Water Act -
PL 93-523; Clean Air Act - PL 95-95; and Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act - PL 94-580.

The Alaska State/EPA Agreement (SEA) is organized into three major
sections:

     .  The Executive jummary is prepared to provide the public with
       an easy-to-read, non-technical document which describes environmental
       problems, priorities and solutions.

     •  The SEA Body presents the detailed  programs the Agencies will
       carry out this year and a view of the next five years.  An
       annual work plan and multi-year strategy is prepared for each
       program (water quality, drinking water, air quality, solid
       and hazardous wastes, and pesticides) and an integration section
       is included to show how conflicts between programs (air quality
       vs. water quality) may be prevented.

     .  The Appendix contains detailed agreements between ADEC and
       EPA for specific activities following from the general work
       program committments in the earlier part of the SEA.

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ADEC and EPA will review this agreement with citizens and  interest
groups throughout Alaska during 1981, in order to inform Alaskans of
environmental programs being conducted in the State, and to  secure
recommendations for future agreements.

This agreement shall be subject to modification upon approval of both
parties.  It is our intent that this agreement shall form  the basis for
all cooperative efforts between ADEC and EPA for 1981, and that both
agencies shall make every effort to carry out the committments herein.


FOR THE STATE OF ALASK^JIEPRRTMEKJQF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION

                     b^_  >
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                  TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction 	 	

Executive Summary

     Environmental Problem Assessment	;....  \
     Highlights of FY 80 Accomplishments	  9
     Priority Environmental Goals and Objectives...	IQ
     Solutions to Environmental Problems	12
     Integration	••!?
     Resources	20
     Public Participation	22
     Performance Evaluation	25

SEA Body

     I ntroducti on	29
     Water Quality Program	3]
     Drinking Water Program	129
     Air Quality Program	167
     Solid and Hazardous Waste Program	207
     Pesticides Program	.237
     Integration	241
  •   Responsiveness Summary	.267

Appendix-	_	—283

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                           EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
                      .ALASKA STATE/EPA AGREEMENT
The executive summary of the Alaska State/EPA Agreeement  (SEA) describes
the environmental programs to be carried out by the State of Alaska,
Department of Environmental Conservation and the Environmental Protection
Agency, Region X, (EPA) during Fiscal Year 1981 (FY 81).  The executive
summary is intended to inform the public of DEC and EPA goals and objectives
for protecting human health, preserving existing high quality environmental
conditions and for cleaning up areas now subject to environmental degradation.
The summary addresses the following issues in presenting the environmental
programs being implemented by the State of Alaska and the Environmental
Protection Agency:
     - What are the environmental problems Alaska is facing?

     - What are the priorities for addressing these environmental
       problems in FY 81?

     - What are the tasks committed to by the agencies to solve  these
       problems?

     - What needs to be done in future years to preserve and protect
       Alaska's environment?

     - What environmental results are expected from the State and
       Federal funds allocated?

     - What can the public do to influence the way the agencies  carry
       out these programs?
                      ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEM ASSESSMENT

  Overall,  the Alaskan environment is stil.l free from pollution.   For this
  reason,  a primary goal  of environmental  agencies in Alaska is to prevent
  pollution.   There are,  however,  environmental  problems which must be
  addressed by DEC and EPA.   The major environmental  problems in the State
  are identified in this  section.   A summary of  current trends for selected
  environmental  indicators is presented in Table 1.

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                   Table 1 Summary of Environmental Indicators
        MEDIA
INDICATOR
CURRENT
 STATUS   TREND
Air Quality
River Water
Quality
Lake Water
Quality
Marine Water
Quality
Drinking
Water Quality

Solid Waste
Disposal

Number, of areas exceeding 2
standards
Percentage of .monitoring ., ,
stations meeting water Unknown
quality goals (based on
worst 3 months)
Percentage of major recreational 87%
lakes with tittle or no use
impairment
Percentage of classified 100%
shellfish harvesting waters open
Percentage of population served 43%
by water supplies in compliance
with regulations for bacterial
contamination
Percentage of community water 18%
supplies in compliance with
regulations for bacterial
contamination
Number of recycling centers 2
in operation
Number of hazardous waste 0
handling facilities in operation
Little
change
jpsuf
ucient
data
Little
change

Improving
Improving
Improving

Air Quality

Air quality is generally excellent in Alaska except for the urban areas
of Anchorage and Fairbanks.  Both of these cities are designated as
nonattainment areas for carbon monoxide because of the concentrations  in
winter exceed the National Ambient Air Quality Standards to protect
human health.  The high carbon monoxide levels occur only  in  the winter
and are caused by increased auto exhaust emissions in cold weather and
the extremely stable wintertime inversions and still-air conditions.
Figure 1 shows information on observed carbon monoxide violations in
Anchorage and Fairbanks.

Elsewhere in Alaska there  are isolated stationary sources  of  air pollution
that only affect air quality in the  immediate vicinity of  the facility.
No known air quality standard violations are associated with  these
facilities.

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          Figure 1 Percent of Observed Carbon Monoxide Exceeded Standards
             CO

             O
             a
o
r>

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                   Figure 2 Water Quality Index Values for Principal Rivers
            100  --
            80
          Is)
          =>

          < 60
            40
            20   —
                                       RIVERS
          •  WORST 3 CONSECUTIVE MONTHS

          d ANmjAL AVERAGE WATER QUALITY

          »«« INSUFFICIENT DATA
             Note: Doe MI uno/fidem data, index mmfaen
             could- oot be calculated for some men. Thcae
             valves preteotcd are '"'rvlatfd from only one
                           each
monitoring station on
                               river.
There are  Isolated water quality  problems In several areas  of the State
associated with point source discharges of pollutants  from  facilities:

     . A significant and widspread  water quality problem is caused
       by  numerous placer mining  operations in interior Alaska.
       Inadequately controlled  placer mining operations can cause
       severe turbidity and sediment  conditions in water used for
       drinking water supplies  and  fish spawning.

     . In  several  areas of Alaska the discharge of seafood  wastes
       to  confined bays or estuaries  result in the accumulation of
       large  amounts of wastes  on the bottom.  This deposition of
       organic material smothers  bottom organisms and  can cause depressed
       dissolved oxygen and generation of hydrogen sulfide.  Such
       discharges  of seafood wastes are particularly  significant in
       the Dutch Harbor area.   However, DEC and EPA have been able
       to  collect  only limited  information on these conditions or
       their  effects.

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      .  The  discharge  of  pulp  mill  wastes  have  had  significant  impacts
        on water  quality  of  Ward  Cove  in  Ketchikan  and  Silver Bay
        in Sitka.   However,  with  the recent upgrading of wastewater
        treatment facilities at the Sitka  plant,  water  quality  conditions
        in Silver Bay  have been reported  by local citizens  to be improved.

     .  Inadequately treated domestic  sewage cause  depressed  dissolved
       oxygen levels and high fecal coliform counts in  the vicinity
       of outfalls.  These  conditions are  or have  occurred in  the
       lower Chena River and  Eagle  River.  Several problems
       are occurring in southeast Alaska  in the treatment of municipal
       sewage.  These problems are  produced by extensive rain  which
       causes flows of wastewater to  the  plants  in excess of what  the
       plant was designed for.  As  a  result treatment plant  performance
       is impaired and operating costs, of energy  required to  handle
       the sewage flows goes  up.'

     . The disposing of sol  id wastes  in open dumps has  created a
       number of water quality problems,  particularly in concentrated
       population centers and the high rainfall areas of southeast
       Alaska.  Rainfall and  groundwater  draining  a dump can carry
       chemicals and bacteria into  streams and groundwater locations.

Non-point sources of pollutants in  Alaska  are difficult  to quantify.
Timber harvesting, construction activities, urban  stormwater runoff,
agricultural runoff and the disposal  of sludge and waste oil have  at
times resulted in signficant  impacts  on water quality.   Timber harvesting
as a non-point source is on the rise  in southeast  Alaska and the logging
and road construction that  follows  could  deteriorate water quality.by
altering stream temperatures  and increasing sediment loads.  In  the
Anchorage area urban stormwater runoff causes periodic  water quality
standard violations in several streams.

The effect rapid land development is  having on the quality of  lakes in
the Mat-Su and Sitka areas  is a growing concern.   This  development
appears to be causing accelerated eutrophication in several  lakes.
Figure 3 presents information on recreational impairment and trophic
status of a number of recreational  lakes  in Alaska.

Perhaps the most significant water  related environmental problem in
Alaska results from construction and  development in sensitive  wetland
areas.  The importance of wetlands  from a  water quality, fisheries, and
wildlife standpoint are well  documented.   In the past year more  than 250
permits for activities in navigable waters and wetlands  have been
issued.  It is estimated that in the  past year alone at  least  1750 acres
of navigable waters and wetlands have been lost because  of development.

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              Figure 3 The Recreational Impairment and Trophic Status of the
                       Principal Recreational Lakes
              Lucille
              Campbell

              Wasilla
              Cottonwood

              Finger
              Harding
              Fielding

              Summit

              Paxson

              Bi«
              Kenai
              Skilak

              Fire
              Nancy

              Galbraixh

              Clark

              lllamna

              Minchumina
              Louise

              Schrader
              Tustumena
              Ward
              Blue
\\\\
      •*V<*'A
      *A>A
      •" /<•'A
              'N v
            x'/.i-'/x
            A>A
                  > /H"
                  \\N\\X
'V
     A'>AA
                                \ \ \\ \
                                v^
                            Swirn   Fish   Koa,t  Aesth,   Total  Tropic
                                                      Rating  Status
                                       TYPE OF USE
                 SIGNIFICANT IMPAIRMENT

                 MODERATE IMPAIRMENT

                 LITTLE OR NO IMPAIRMENT

              |3 NO MONITORING OR INSUFFICIENT DATA
Oil  and  hazardous substance spills can  have adverse and  even fatal
effects  on people's health and on the animals and plants  upon which
people depend.  In the  last year, there were two major oil  spills in
Alaska and one that was  barely averted.   The Ryuyo maru  spill at St.
Paul demonstrated the highly toxic nature of diesel fuels commonly used
in Alaska:  the beach at English Bay Lagoon was littered  with dead
animals  poisoned by the  oil; birds that ate the affected  animals also
died.  The Lee Wang Zin  spill, near Ketchikan showed how  widespread the
effect of a spill can be:   over 100,000 gallons were spilled affecting
more than 250 miles of coastline.  The  near grounding of  the Prince
William  Sound, carrying  35 million gallons of crude oil  points out the
need for safeguards to prevent future catastrophies.  Oil  spills particularly
in undeveloped areas, can  be devastating to humans, fish  and wildlife by
direct contact and by ingeston through  food chains.

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In the northern climates of Alaska the effects of oil and hazardous
substance spills can be particularly disasterious.  Low temperatures
limit evaporation, dispersement and biological break down of spilled
oil.  Effected areas recover more slowly.  Species habitat requirements,
limited accessability, bad weather and lack of effective cleanup technology
all necessitate rapid response; the longer a spill is left unattended,
the higher the price in cleanup dollars and environmental damage.
   *
A major spill in highly productive fishing areas could also have a
drastic economic effect on large portion of Alaska's fishing industry.
Oil spilled in recreation areas and sheens on the water detract significantly
from the pristine appearance so highly valued by Alaskans and attractive
to many tourists to the State.

Drinking Water

In general the quality of drinking water in Alaska is good and appears
to be improving.  Most larger systems (greater than 2000 persons served)
provide a high quality drinking water supply.  Nearly all these systems
are in compliance with monitoring and reporting requirements of the
drinking water program.  Non-compliance problems are usually associated
vith turbidity conditions for systems using surface water sources during
high runoff periods.  Smaller water supply systems suffer higher incidences
of drinking water problems, including chemical contamination, waterborne
diseases, and taste and odor conditions.  The severity of any such
problems are entirely source specific, but the most common poor drinking
water quality conditions occur in rural and bush communities.  Figure 4
summarizes information on the compliance of community water supply
systems with Primary Drinking Water Standards.

     .  Outbreaks of waterborne diseases such as dysentary and hepatitis
       and perhaps Giardia have occurred in Alaska.  Available information
       indicates that a rise in waterborne diseases has actually
       been experienced in Alaska since 1950, although no outbreaks
       have been confirmed in the past year.  Continued surveillance
       and investigation is necessary.

     .  Arsenic in individual ground water supply systems in the Juneau
       and Fairbanks areas have been documented.  This often makes
       the water unfit for human consumption.

     •  Taste and odor conditions may not cause human health problems,
       but render the water supply useless.

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        Figure 4 Compliance with Primary Drinking Water Standards
           100%
            75%
o
         y
         as
            50%
            25%
                       600
                      systems
                          400,000
                          people
                                     ,  .  INCOMPLIANCE WITH BACTERIOLOGICAL
                                     ' / A  CONTAMINANT LEVELS
                                                  MINOR (1 MONTH) VIOLATION OF
                                                  CONTAMINANT LEVEL

                                                  MAJOR (2 OR MORE MONTHS) VIOLATION
                                                  Of CONTAMINANT LEVEL
                                         SUFFICIENT DATA NOT AVAILABLE
                                         TO DETERMINE COMPLIANCE
Solid and  Hazardous Wastes

The disposal  of solid wastes in open  dumps in the past has  created many
environmental  problems.   Litter and solid  wastes are considered  by the
Alaskan public to be one of the most  important environmental  problems
currently.  Throughout Alaska solid waste  problems exist, including
solid wastes  remaining from past military  operations and Federal  Land,
the disposal  of septage and sewage sludges and the improper disposal  of
municipal  garbage.   11 out of 37 inventoried solid waste sites  in Alaska
fail to meet  federal criteria for acceptable waste disposal practices.

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As previously mentioned, the open dumps have caused water quality concerns.
In addition, the dumps can cause disease problems and nuisance conditions
from blowing debris and predators, such as bears.  The solid waste
problem in Alaska is compounded by special circumstances related to the
severe cold and permafrost, limited  land area available for acceptable
disposal sites, and remote community locations.

DEC is currently doing an inventory of the industrial sources of hazardous*
wastes.  The magnitude and seriousness of any hazardous waste generated,
transported, and disposed of within the State are not yet known.  It  is
known that PCS (toxic chemicals used primarily  in electric transformers)
are used and stored in Alaska, and it is possible that some problems  may
be occurring with disposal of PCB materials in  an acceptable manner.

Pesticides

Improper use of pesticides can be a direct hazard to human health.
Approximately 250 commercial applicators in Alaska (including farmers)
come into contact with concentrated solutions of pesticides several
times a year.   An estimated 100,000 people are  potentially exposed to
outdoor pesticide applications each year.  The  risks of this exposure to
the general population are not considered to be significant, although
some people have a greater sensitivity to pesticides.

Approximatley 25,000 acres, (primarily residential) are sprayed for
mosquitos at least once a year, and about 5000  acres of right-of-way  are
sprayed for vegetation control.  Another 12,000 acres of lakes and 8000
acres of agricultural land are treated annually.

Alaska encounters problems in regard to pesticides because of the climate
and other factors which often cause variations  in the effectiveness and
persistence of pesticides applied at normal rates.  Improper choice and
use of pesticides can cause adverse impacts on  humans and non-target
plants and animals, such as spray drifting beyond the target area and
killing honey bees.  Right-of-way spraying can  produce dead, brown areas
which are often perceived as a nuisance.

                  HIGHLIGHTS OF FY 1980 ACCOMPLISHMENTS

During 1980, EPA and the State of Alaska cooperated to complete or begin
work on several important tasks.  A few of these include the following:

1.   Staff transfers:  EPA more than fulfilled  a 1980 commitment of
     staff assistance to DEC.   EPA staff completed short-term assignments,
     assisting the State in the development of  an overall monitoring
     strategy and initiating a hazardous waste  inventory;

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2.   Training;  EPA assisted the State by conducting training sessions
     on sanitary surveys for public water supply systems, on compliance
     monitoring and hazardous waste;

3.   Legislation;  DEC supported to enactment by the Alaska Legislature
     new programs on oil spill prevention and clean-up, litter control
     and resource recovery, and solid waste construction grants;

4-   Energy:  EPA and the State of Alaska cooperated to successfully
     complete a unified EIS and permitting process  for the proposed
     ALPETCO refinery in Valdez;

5.   Permitting;  DEC and EPA worked as a team  to draft wastewater
     permits for the Alyeska Ballast Water facility in Valdez and the
     proposed Waterflood Project on the North Slope;

6»   Air Quality:  DEC completed the State Implementation Plan for Air
     Quality, and enacted new regulations which eliminate the need for
     individual permits for many facilities in Alaska.

               PRIORITY ENVIRONMENTAL GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
Based on the environmental problem assessment, DEC and  EPA  have  established
four major environmental goals to focus work efforts  in  FY  81.   These
goals are as follows:

     • Soal...#\ - Reduce the number of people known to be exposed
       to pollution-related health hazards.

     . Goal £2 - Reduce the known number of incidents of adverse
       impact on the productivity of plants and animals.

     . Goal 13 - Reduce the known number of pollution-related  nuisances.

     . Goal #4 - Prevent or reduce potential adverse effects (health,
       plant and animal, or nuisance-related) from development in
       Alaska's growth centers and from proposed new industrial
       facilities.

For each goal a number of objectives have been identified which  when
implemented will result in the environmental goal being  met.   The objectives
have been ranked to determine their relative order of importance in
achieving the goal.  The objectives to meet environmental goals  are
shown in Table 2 below.
                                       10

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                 Table 2 FY 81 Environmental Goals and Objectives.
   GOAL 1
PROTECT HUMAN
HEALTH
      GOAL  2
PRESERVE PRODUCTIVITY
OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS
    GOAL  3

 REDUCE
 ENVIRONMENTAL
 NUISANCES
     GOAL
OBTECT1VES
a. Assure public drinking
water supplies meet health-
related standards.
b. Assure the public is not
exposed to disease from
improper disposal of sewage
c.  Assure that air quality
meets health-related
standards;
d. Assure management of
solid waste facilities to meet
health-related standards
(including hazards to air-
craft from birds at dumps)


e. Assure prevention of
illness or injury from un-
permitted pesticide use
f. Assure public protection
from improper storage,
transportation and disposal
of hazardous wastes;

g. Assure prevention of
foodbome illness  acquired
in commercial food service
establishments or from
improper handling or
processing of meat and
seafood within Alaska.
 OBJECTIVES
 a. Assure protection of
 plants and animals from
 activities not meeting
 water quality standards;
 (point and non-point  :
 sources)

 b. Assure protection of
 plants and animals from
 oil spills;
 c.  Assure protection of
 critical or sensitive areas
 (including wetlands)
 from adverse impacts.  .
 d. Assure protection of
  plants and animals from
 unpermitted pesticide use
 e. Assure protection of
 bears and other wildlife
 from attraction to dumps;


 f. Assure prevention of
 damage to plants and
 animals from stationary
 sources of air pollution.
 OBJECTIVES
 a. Assure prevention
 or reduction of odors,
 dust and smoke irrita-
 tion from landfills,
marine vessels, and
 industrial facilities

 b. Assure prevention
 or reduction of nui- ,
 sances (odor, iron,
 curbidity, color) in
 public water supplies

 c. Assure reduction
 of litter related nui-
 sance and promis-
 cuous dumps
 d. Assure prevention
 or reduction of damage
 to docks, boats, nets
 and other equipment
 from uncontrolled oil
 spills.
OBTECTIVES
a. Prevent further
deterioration of the
environment in the
Anchorage area.
b. Assure decision
 on energy related
 projects are made
 promptly and with
proper consideration
of environmental issu
                                                                                               issues.
 c. Establish an
 adequate environ-
 mental data base
 considering factors
 unique to the Alaska
 environment.
                                              11

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                                        SOLUTIONS TO  ENVIRONMENTAL  PROBLEMS

                 This section of  the Executive Summary identifies  the  near  (one-year)  and
                 longer (5-year)  term  actions to  be taken  by DEC  and EPA to solve the
                 environmental  problems  described in  the previous  sections.   Table 3
                 concisely  presents the  highest priority work each agency will be carrying
                 out.   It is  not  intended to  describe the  entire  programs to be  conducted
                 by DEC and EPA.   Detailed  information on  the overall  DEC and EPA programs
                 is presented in  the body of  the  State/EPA Agreement which  is available
                 upon request.
                                           Table 3 Solutions to Environmental Problems
                     GOAL/OBJECTIVE

               l.a. Assure public drinking water
                   supplies meet health related
                   standards.
                l.b. Assure the public is not
                   exposed to disease from
                   improper disposal of sewage.
         SOLUTIONS

 i. Monitor water systems serving
   populations greater than 500.

 ii. Conduct 200 sanitary surveys.
iii Collect quarterly samples for
  Thhalomethane for systems serving
  more than 10,000.
 iv. Respond to reports of bacteriological
   or other contamination levels exceeding
   health-related standards immediately
   and obtain compliance.

 v. Develop capability to sample for
   Giardia cysts,
vi. Begin inventory of underground water
   sources (in cooperation with Alaska
   Department of Natural Resources).

 i. Investigate and abate failing septic
   systems.

 ii. Provide technical assistance to septic
   system installers.

iii. Simplify procedures and requirements
   for construction and renovation of water
   and sewer facilities in rural communities
   of 10,000 or less.
 iv. Implement the Municipal Management
   System to expedite construction of
   Municipal sewage treatment facilities.
 v. Encourage the  use of alternate and
   innovative technology.
 vi. Complete delegation of portions of the
   construction grants program to the
   State of Alaska.
vii. Develop alternative methods of on-site
   waste disposal.
viii. Cany out provisions of the Memorandum
   of Agreement between EPA and DEC on
   waiver of secondary sewage treatment
   for Coastal Alaska Native Villages.
AGENCY RESPONSIBLE
     DEC


     DEC
     DEC


     DEC




     DEC

     DEC/DNR



     EPA/DEC


     EPA/DEC


     EPA/DEC



     EPA/DEC



     EPA/DEC

     DEC/EPA


     DEC

     EPA/DEC
                                                            12

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                                                                                           Table 3 con't
     GOAL/OBJECTIVE
I.e. Assure chat air quality meets
   health-related standards.
l.d. Assure management of solid
    waste facilities to meet health
    realted standards (including
   hazards to aircraft from birds
   at dumps).
I.e. Prevent illness or injury from
    improper pesticide use.
l.f. Assure public protection from
    improper storage, transportation,
    and disposal of hazardous wastes
           SOLUTIONS-

 L Develop and implement CO control
   strategies in Anchorage and Fairbanks.
 ii. Obtain additional data to characterize
   and control cold temperature auto
   emission.
iii. Conduct anti-tampcring and fuel
   switching programs for selected targets
   in Anchorage.
 iv. Expand the voluntary auto emissions.
   inspection and public awareness program
   in Anchorage and Fairbanks

 L Compliance schedules are negotiated to
   clean up disposal sites classified as open
   dumps.
 ii. Issue grants for demonstration projects
   that encourage recovery of material or
  energy from solid wastes.
 iii. Complete inventory of disposal sites
   serving 500-1000 people, military, and
   industrial sites.
 iv. Complete the Solid Waste Management
   and adopt regulations to implement.
 v. Establish a program for the implement-
   ation of the State Litter Control and
   Resource Recovery BilL

 i. Maintain the low-level of injury and
   unpermitted pesticide use in Alaska
   through continued education, surveil-
   lance, and enforcement.

 i. Conduct Inventory of generators,
   transporters and disposer of Hazardous
   Wastes,
 ii. Hazardous waste management program
   operation
   'Administer the federal hazardous waste
    program in Alaska, as required by the
    Resource Conservation and Recovery '
    Act.
   'Carry out portions of the federal
    hazardous waste program as defined
    by Cooperative Agreement between
    EPA and DEC.
   * Evaluate and work toward development
    of an application for interim authoriza-
    tion for carrying out federal hazardous
    wastes requirements.
 iii. Complete investigations to determine
   status of potential abandoned or un-
   controlled hazardous waste sites.
 iv. Assure all PCS material are properly
   stored, and disposed of.
 v. Assure asbestos in schools is controlled
   in a manner to prevent health hazards.
AGENCY RESPONSIBLE
 •MOA/FNSB/DEC

  EPA/DEC


  MOA/DEC/EPA


  MOA/DEOFNSB



  DEC


  DEC


  DEC


  DEC

  DEC



  DEC




  EPA/DEC
                                                                                EPA



                                                                                DEC



                                                                                DEC




                                                                                EPA


                                                                                EPA/DEC

                                                                                DEC/EPA
                    *MOA-Municjpality of Anchorage
                     FNSB-Fairbanks North Star Borough
                                                                      13

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                                                                                                  Table 3 con't
        GOAL/OB[ECnyE
l.g. Assure protection of foodborne
    illness acquired in conunerciai
    food-service establishments or
    from improper handling or processing
    of meat and seafood within Alaska
2.2. Assure protection of plants and
    animals from activities not meeting
    Water Quality Standards (point and1
    nonpoint sources).
2.b. Respond to environmental emer-
    gencies including major spills of
    oil and hazardous materials.
          SOLUTIONS   .
 i. Continue prevention of illness from
  foodborne disease through inspection
  of commercial establishments and meat
  and seafood processing facilities within
  Alaska.
 i. Complete the water quality assessment
                     n
ii. Control placer mining discharges to meet
   Alaska water quality standards, including
   •Implement intcragency strategy to minimize
   mining impacts.
   'Implement a placer mining demonstration
   project.
   'Develop general permits for placer mining.
   •Establish effective procedures for monitoring
   and surveillance of placer mining operations.
iii. Control seafood processing waste discharges
   in an acceptable manner, including,
   'Develop general permits for remote seafood
   processors.
   •Identify areas adversely effected by seafood
   waste discharges.
   •Develop and implement a strategy to control
   seafood waste discharges.
   •Complete industrial sludge disposal alternative!
    study.

iv. Identify and control significant causes of non-
   point pollution sources.  •
   •Develop a water quality data management
   system.
   •Provide technical  guidelines for sludge disposal
   on-sire waste disposal, and public water supply
   watershed protection in Alaska.
   •Develop Best Management Practices (BMP's)
   and an associated plan for agricultural develop-
   mcnt in Alaska.
   •Provide forest practices training for field
   personnel
   •Facilitate the development and management
   of appropriate small village sanitation systems.
   * Develop model waste oil demonstration
    project in small community.
 i. Respond to major spills of oil and hazardous
   materials in accordance with Region X policy.
 ii. Develop Memorandum of Agreement to give
   DEC lead responsibility in oil and hazardous
   spill response for inland waters.
iii. Implement State Oil Spill Program as enacted
   by the Alaska Legislature.
iv. Update the Alaska Inland Pollution Contingency
   Plan.
 v. Develop a single contingency plan format that
   satisfies both State and federal requirements
   for oil and hazardous spill responses.
AGENCY RESPONSIBLE
   DEC
   DEC



   DEC/DFG/DNR/EPA

   DEC

   EPA/DEC
   DEC/EPA

   EPA/DEC

   EPA/DEC

   EPA/DEC

   EPA/DEC

   DEC




   DEC

   DEC


   DEC/SCS


   DEC/DNR/ADF&G

   DEC

   DEC


   EPA

   EPA/DEC



   DEC

   EPA

   DEC/EPA
                                                14

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                                                                                              Table 3 con't
       GOAL/OBJECTIVE
2.c. Assure protection of critical
    or sensitive areas (including
    wetlands from adverse impacts.
2.d. Assure protection of plants and
   animals from unpermitted
   pesticide use.
2.c. Assure protection of wildlife
   from attraction to dumps.
2.f. Assure stationary sources are
    controlled to protect air quality
    standards.
S.a. Prevent or reduce odor, dust
   and smoke nuisances

3.b. Prevent or reduce nuisances in
    public water supplies.
3.c. Prevent or reduce litter-related
    nuisances.

3.d. Prevent or reduce damaage to
    marine equipment and facili-
    ties from oil spills.
':           " SOLUTIONS
 i. Inventory the status of lakes in Alaska
   and identify control programs needed,
   including
   •Complete assessment of the water
    quality status of lakes in Alaska.
   * For lakes impacted develop a strategy
    with local governments for restoration.
   •Provide Clean Lake funds to local
    governments for restoration.

 ii. Minimize dredge and fill activities in
   sensitive wetland areas; including
   •Establish a working agreement for
    404 permit review and evaluate the
    benefit of program delegation to the
    State.
   •Assist in preparation of a  permit
    application assistance packet.
   'Increase compliance monitoring of
    constructed 404 projects.
   'Review all coastal zone management
    plans to assure consistency with the
    404 environmental guidelines.
   'Review ail major 404 projects in
    accordance with environmental guidelines.

 i. Maintain continued pesticide surveillance,
   enforcement and public education activities.


 i. Continue enforcement of State solid
   waste regulations.
 ii. Implement new solid waste construction
   grants program.

 i. Complete revisions to air quality regulations
   and stationary source portions of State Air
   Quality Control Plan, including assumption
   of the PSD program.

 ii. Continue to assure stationary source
   compliance with special emphasis on keeping
   sources with variances on schedule.
 iiL Complete development of source surveillance
   and inspection procedures.

 iv. Inspect all major stationary sources annually.
 i. Maintain surveillance and enforcement of
   areas and facilities and respond to complaints.

 i. Maintain existing sanitary surveys, enforce-
   ment and respond to complaints.

 i. Implement program to carry out State litter
   control and resource recovery program.

 i. Implement program to carry out State oil
   spill prevention  and control program.
                                                  15
AGENCYRESPONSIBLE
       DEC


       DEC

       DEC

       EPA




       EPA/DEC



       EPA/DEC

       EPA/DEC

       EPA/DEC


       EPA


       DEC



       DEC

       DEC

       DEC




       DEC/EPA


       DEC


       DEC
       DEC


       DEC

       DEC


       DEC

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        GOAL/OBJECTrVTT
4>.a. Prevent further deterioration of
    the environment in the Anchorage
    Area.
4.b. Assure decision on energy related
   projects are made promptly and
   with proper consideration.
4.c. Establish adequate environmental
    data base considering factors
    unique to Alaska environment.
            SOLUTIONS
 i. Complete stormwater runoff studies
   for selected basins.
 ii Upgrade Eagle River Sewage Treatment
   Plant.
iiL Inventory wetlands and establish: procedures
   for protecting critical areas.
iv. Complete study to determine adequacy of
   on-site sewage disposal in die Hillside area.
 v. Prepare an EIS for the Anchorage area in
  conjunction with the 201 Facility Plan.
 i. Participate as the lead 'or a cooperating
   agency on EIS's for major  energy related
   projects.
 ii. Issue the NPDES permit for the Waterflood
   Project within 30 days of publication of the
   Final EIS.
iii. Develop joint monitoring and surveillance
   procedures for the gas pipeline, and coordinate
   preconstruction review of  ail environmental
   aspects of the gas pipeline  design.
 iv. Participate in the Alaska Regional Technical
   Work Group on Outer Continental Shelf
   lease sales.
 v. Conduct an evaluation of the overall social
   and environmental consequences of •petro-
   chemical development in the State of Alaska.

 i. Begin monitoring in the Kenai area to determine
   potential for acid rain impacts.
 ii. Complete upgrading of air monitoring sites,
   equipment, and quality assurance procedures.
iii. Complete development of an overall State
   environmental monitoring strategy, including
   completion of an Annual Work Plan and 5-
   Year Strategy by 12/31/80.
 iv. Establish priorities for cold climate-environmental
   research.
AGENCY RESPONSIBLE
  MOA/DEC/EPA

  MOA/EP A/DEC

  MOA/EPA/DEC

  MOA/EP A/DEC

  EPA/MOA

  EPA


  EPA


  EPA/DEC



  EPA


  DEC



  DEC

  DEC

  DEC



  DEC/EPA
                                                16

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                                     INTEGRATION
The solution to a water pollution problem might  result  in a  new solid
waste or air pollution problem.  This  section  is a description of  programs
and geographic areas in which efforts  are being made to come up with
overall environmental solutions  rather than peicemeal approaches.

Anchorage Geographic Area

The maintenance of a desirable and healthy environment  in the Municipality
of Anchorage requires cooperation at all levels of government.  The
Municipality of Anchorage, EPA and DEC  are working together  to assure
environmental standards will meet statutory deadlines and to minimize
further degradation resulting from development ana uroanization in tne
Anchorage area.

To facilitate this working relationship with the Municipality of Anchorage
an EPA employee has been assigned to the Municipality's staff through
the Intergovernmental Personnel Act (called an IPA assignee).  The IPA
assignee works directly for the Municipality with the primary responsiblity
of bringing together different environmental activities going on under
various local government departments.

The various programs in Anchorage with  active EPA and ADEC involvement
include:

     201 - Construction Grants
           Facility plans
           Pretreatment program...
           Upgrade of Eagle River STP

     208 - Water Quality Management
           Hillside Study
           Wetlands Study
           Stormwater Runoff Study

     Air Quality

           Transportation Control Plan

     301(h) - Secondary treatment waiver

     Solid Waste Disposal

In the next year, an overall Environmental Impact Statement for the
Anchorage region will be developed, as  part of the sewage disposal
facility plan.   This Environmental Impact Statement will help identify
and combine the environmental programs  (local, State and federal) being
conducted in or proposed for the area.
                                     17

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AcidRain Identlflcation/Kenai Peninsula

Sulfur and nitrogen oxides emitted into the air from combustion processes
are becoming recognized in the United States and Canada as a major
source of water pollution.  The acid rain associated with these groups
of oxides has been responsible for the death of much aquatic life.  ADEC
intends to keep careful accounting of the potential for acid rain problems
hy instituting a monitoring system to detect these problems if they
occur.  A multiple year effort will be undertaken to determine:
     1)
          Current conditions

          a)   emission inventory summaries by geographic location,

          b)   ambient air concentrations of nitrogen oxides and sulfur
               oxide, and

          c)   conditions of lakes and streams now  (pH and reasons for
               high or low pH);
     2}
          Future Conditions

          a)   continued ambient air monitoring,

          b)   predictive modeling related to new development  (PSD)

          c)   continued surveillance of freshwaters of State.

During the first year, the study will concentrate on potential problems
on the Kenai Peninsula.  The SO  and NO  emissions from industrial
facilities in the Kenai Peninsula have created concerns and questions
pertaining to the long term impacts on vegetation, air and water quality
and fisheries resoruces on the Kenai National Moose Range and  Tuxedni
Wildlife Refuge.  The concerns relate to the potential for acid rain
from sulfuric and nitric acids formed from air emissions.  At  this time
acid rain in Alaska is not known to occur.

Glacial lakes appear to be the most vulnerable to acid rain.   Because
many lakes on the Kenai National Moose Range appear to fall into a
sensitive category and decomposition in these lakes is presumably controlled
by bacteria which are acid sensitive, DEC and EPA will begin to implement
a monitoring program to identify SO  and NO  air emissions and acidity
in the waters.

Consolidated Permitting

The amount of involvement in environmental activities by various agencies
has rapidly increased in the last few years.  Along with the heightened
concern of people for their environment have come many requirements from
agencies which are potentially conflicting.  Several permits are now
required for most activities.  While all of these permits serve to
protect the environment, there has been an increasing concern  from the
general public and within agencies about duplication of efforts.  In
response to these concerns, EPA has published consolidated permit regulations.
Both EPA and the State will review these regulations to determine how to
effectively implement these regulations in Alaska.
                                     18

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In response to the same public concerns,  the Governor of Alaska  has
directed the Alaska Department of  Law  to  work on permit reform.   Specifically,
the effort will produce:

1}   Comprehensive procedural regulations for issuing permits  from the
     Departments of Fish and Game, Natural Resources, Environmental
     Conservation, and the Office  of Coastal Management;

2)   Regulations for coordinated permit issuance to the seafood  processing,
     timber, oil and gas and mining industries; and

3)   A strategy for development and use of general permits.

ADEC will assist the Department of Law in this effort and will develop  a
strategy for implementing the regulations when they are developed.
Simultaneously, ADEC will consider each of the permits being issued and
will examine alternatives to issuing permits.

Cold Climate Environmental Research

Starting in FY 80 EPA funds have been  made available at a National level
for cold climate environmental research.  The initial funding  level
available was about $900,000.  Indications are that research funds in
this order of magnitude will be available in this and future years.

In order to make effective use of the  available funds a mechanism must
be established for identifying research needs in Alaska and for  placing
a priority on the problems.  DEC and EPA  will work together with other
State and Federal agencies in this next year to develop such a mechanism.
EPA, Region X will work with the Office of Research and Development to
assure these priority problem areas are considered for funding.

Alaska Natural Gas Transportation System  (ANGTS)

In FY 81 major design decisions will be made on the Alaska gas pipeline.
ADEC and EPA will continue to coordinate  pre-construction review of
activities related to the Alaska Natural  Gas Transportation System
through EPA's Agency Authorized Officer and ADEC's Pipeline Monitor. A
number of major project milestone have been met during the past  year and
Northwest Alaskan Pipeline Company, Agency and Operator for Northwest
Alaskan Transportation Company is proceeding with applying for all major
permits.

ADEC and EPA will coordinate their permit issuing strategies and initiate
development of procedures for.joint monitoring and surveillance.  ADEC
and EPA will continue to review the design of all environmental  aspects
of the project to minimize impacts to  the extent possible arid participate
in the Physical Program and the Environmental Engineering Program.

Alaska Environmental  Profiles

For the past several  years EPA, Region X  has prepared annual environmental
profile reports outlining the status and  trends on environmental quality
in Alaska.  Coordination will be established in FY 81 between DEC and
EPA to develop a process for joint preparation of future environmental
profiles that will serve the need.of the State as well as EPA programs.

                                     19

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In FY 81 it is the intent of EPA and DEC to prepare the environmental
profile in connection with the development of the State/EPA Agreement.
A draft joint environmental profile is scheduled to be available for
public review in the spring of 1981.

Environmental Monitoring Strategy

In the past year an effort was made by DEC in cooperation with EPA, to
pull together information on existing programs and projected data needs
to develop a comprehensive framework to optimize monitoring resources.
The result of this effort was the establishment of a DEC monitoring
strategy for all media covering the following elements:

     1.   Ambient fixed network monitoring
     2.   Special studies and intensive surveys
     3.   Compliance monitoring
     4.   Data systems
     5.   Monitoring and information management

DEC will be working to complete development of this monitoring strategy
during FY 81.  The general strategy is outlined in the SEA body.

                                RESOURCES

In FY 81 two State or local government agencies will directly receive
EPA grant funds for operation of environmental programs in Alaska,
namely the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation and the
Municipality of Anchorage.  These agencies do not always utilize the
grant funds directly but may "pass through" certain funds to other local
or State entities or contract for completion of specific work elements.
For several program grants, DEC and Anchorage provide matching funds
ranging from one-quarter to one-third of the total.  In addition, DEC
and Anchorage fund a number of programs not associated with Federal
grants.  The funds for these programs come from State or local budgets.

Table 4 summarizes the State and Federal funds available for operation
of programs by the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation
covered by this agreement.  The table shows the FY 81 Federal grant
funds available and requested, Federal funds carried over from previous
years, State and/or local funds for FY 81, and in-kind funds for State
assignees.  The total dollar amount available in Alaska for DEC to
operate environmental program is approximately $3.9 million.
                                     20

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Table 4 Federal and State Funding For the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation
                                                     ^
                                                            <&/£
f/Jpf/f//'/?^ /•* /
/*// ££-/&?/* // / TOTAL
DRINKING WATER (PWSS)
UNDERGROUND INJECTION (UIC)
WATER QUALITY PLANNING (208)
WATER POLLUTION CONTROL (106)
WATER POLLUTION CONTROL (205g)
CONSTRUCTION-MANAGEMENT
ASSISTANCE (205g)
CLEAN LAKES
SOLID WASTES
HAZARDOUS WATES
PESTICIDES
AIR
571.5
62.9
350.0
148.0
225.0
854.2
700.0
40.0
2583
N/A
588.21
571.5
	
350.0
148.0
225.0
182.9
250.0
73.1.'
200.9
N/A
340.6
191.6
— -
307.0
25.5
49.04
	
54.4
22.2
N/A
	
254.4
	
117.J3
192.0
	
75.0
29.9
	
51.8
123.6
_--
-_-
	
---
	
	
	
30.0
_--
30.0 2
1017.5

774.5
365.5
225.0
231.9
325.0
157.4
253-1
51.8
494.2
                         •Unobligated fund* from the designated grant year. Unobligated funds are determined by a fiscal audit
                           required at the end of the grant period. Carryover funds can be awarded for the following year without
                           decreasing the present grant award

                         "Inland fund* are was held back by regional office to pay the costs of a "state assignee". State assignees
                            are people who work for the State but paid Federal salaries.


                         •  Total funds available for all of Alaska* including local agencies,

                          2 Money allocated front 1980 funds, not taken out of. the FY 81 allotment.

                          3 DEC staff only

                          4 Carryover from first CMA grant

                          5 Only $40.000 available
                                                                           21

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                         PUBLIC PARTICIPATION

FY 81 SEA Efforts

The public participation process for the FY 81 Alaska State/EPA Agreement
consisted of the following activities:

  -  An announcement of the start of the FY 81 SEA preparation in May
     1980 through the issuance of a press release.

  -  An article in the summer issue of the DEC quarterly newsletter,
     Alaska Environment describing the SEA process.

  -  The distribution of a questionnaire in July 1980 to determine what
     Alaskan's consider to be the most important environmental problems
     (The results of the questionnaire are summarized in the following
     section).

  -  An announcement in July 1980 of three public workshops to be held
     on the draft State/EPA Agreement.

  -  Public workshops conducted in August 1980 in Sitka, Anchorage and
     Fairbanks on the draft Agreement.

  -  Preparation of a Responsiveness Summary on public participation
     efforts and recommending improvements to the process for next year.
     (The responsiveness summary is in the SEA body).

Questionnaire Results

This summer DEC sent out a questionnaire to determine what Alaskans view
as the greatest environmental problems in their communities.  Results
came back from 292 people all over the State.  Results were tabulated by
four regions:  Anchorage (101 respondents), Fairbanks (29), Southeast
Alaska (66), and rural Alaska excluding Southeast (96).  The last category
was perhaps a misnomer since it is really all other areas and includes
the Kenai Peninsula, the Mat-Su Borough, Valdez, etc.  For the sake of
convenience it was called "rural Alaska."  This was not a random survey.
The questionnaires were sent to people on DEC'S mailing list, which
includes public officials and others who have stated an interest in
environmental'matters.  The results of the questionnaire were intended
for use by DEC and EPA personnel to incorporate environmental issues
into the State/EPA Agreement and to glean any trends, directions, or
enlightening information.

Litter was rated as the most critical environmental problem, with land
use planning, air quality, solid waste, and oil spills ranked close.
Table 5 below gives a regional breakdown of the responses in terms of
priority environmental problem area.
                                     22

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            Table 5 Ranking of Environmental Problems by Geographic Location
               Anchorage


               Fairbanks


               Southeast Alaska

               Rural Alaska
101
29
66
96
5
4
2
2
3
A
7
7
6
6
4
S
7
a
6
6
8
7
8
8
A
3
3
A
4
5
5
4
2
2
A
3
               1 i* designated u greatest problem
Table  6 below summarizes the results of questions relating  to environmental
problems in Alaska as  a whole.   It should be  noted that these 'results
are expressed as  percentages and  not always total 100% due  to unanswered
questions and sometimes double  responses.
        Table 6 Percentage of Responses Which Designated Environmental Concerns as a
               Problem or Not a Problem
                          PROBLEM
NOT A PROBLEM
COMMENTS
DRINKING WATER
Community System
Other
WATER QUALITY
SEWER SYSTEM
On-Siic
City Sewer
Other
AIR POLLUTION
SOLID WASTE
City Dump
Other
MTTF.B
fMOISE
OIL POLLUTION
15%
9%
29%
3% '
11%
4%
35%
40%
6%
78*.
38%
53%
45%
27%
70%
31%
. 34%
3%
59%
26%
7%
16%
50%
39%
•Chemical tastes
•High iron witent
-Suspended solid*

prgoiem peeausc or :*w»g«.
InaustrUi, garbage, or stormwater



uust 3AQ auto statvo as inain
causa
disposal method
disposal m«thod
prootom In the community?
. 37wi«n«a tney naa recourse
to th« noise orooiem
^iMsrion was aoaressea as iHroax
to your community
                                       23

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A number of comments were received about what more the State  should be
doing to solve environmental problems in Alaska,  These comments were in
the following general categories:

     Reduce regulations:  switch to performance standards, common  sense
     regulations, self-regulations

     More public education

     Assistance in handling solid waste problems - dumps, junk  cars,
     recycling, cleanup & litter barrels needed, use  1st offenders to
     pick up litter.

     Do more with air quality - more mass  transit, dial-a-ride.

     More emphasis on oil spill cleanup.

     Better coordination of efforts.

     Give more attention to areas of high  development.

     Take a strong stand on wetlands.


FY 82 Public Participation Plans

The public participation activities for development of the FY 82 SEA
will start in January 1981 by initiating a  public awareness survey.  The
survey will be conducted by an independent  contractor and will  depend
upon EPA funding.  The survey will determine in a statistically valid
manner the attitude of Alaskans on various  environmental  issues.

In the spring of 1981 joint DEC/EPA public  workshops  will be  held  in
various geographic locations on a draft Alaska environmental  profile.
In the summer of 1981 a draft Executive Summary of the FY 82  Agreement
will be made available and public workshops will be publicized  and held.
The locations for the public workshops will be based  on the findings of
the public awareness survey.  A Responsiveness Summary and the  Executive
Summary of the Agreement will be prepared  and provided to all people
attending the workshops or commenting on the Agreement.

News Release Coordination

Problems have occurred in the past when either DEC or EPA issued a
statement to the media on issues which generate signficant interest.
This practice leads to conflicts between Agency staffs that must respond
to these relative crises without advance warning.  Sometime the information
released prior to consultation is misleading or incorrect.

EPA therefore agrees to review proposed press releases with the Commissioner's
Office or the appropriate Division Director of DEC prior  to release.
When DEC intends to issue a press release,  the Director of EPA's Alaska
Operations Office, or his acting designee  will be notified.
                                     24

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                        PERFORMANCE  EVALUATION

FY 81 Review

The performance of the State and  EPA  in carrying out the  commitments  in
the SEA will be routinely monitored.

On a frequent basis, varying from weekly  to monthly depending  on  need,
informal discussions on current problems  and  issues will  be  held  between
EPA and DEC. . These discussions and  information exchanges will  normally
be between DEC and the EPA, Alaska Operations Office and  as  appropriate
will include EPA Regional Program offices.  Information or assistance
requests and reviews not otherwise provided for in this agreement will
be kept to a minimum and coordinated  through  the EPA, Alaska Operations
Office.

On a quarterly basis DEC and EPA, Alaska  Operations Office will conduct
brief program reviews.  The Director  of the EPA, Alaska Operations
Office will prepare brief status  reports  on these reviews to the  Commissioner,
ADEC identifying any items needing action and recommending changes or
modifications to the SEA.

At or near mid-fiscal year a comprehensive review will be conducted to
evaluate the DEC and EPA success  in meeting SEA commitments.   To  prepare
for this mid-year review each DEC program covered in the  SEA will prepare
and provide to EPA a summary report highlighting accomplishments.  EPA
will prepare and provide a similar report to  DEC for commitments  made in
the SEA.  The program summary report  will serve as the basis for  DEC  and
EPA staff level reviews of each program.  Problem areas or outstanding
issues identified at the staff meetings will  be elevated  to  the Commissioner
and Regional Administrator for resolution.

At the end of fiscal year a program review between EPA, AOO  and DEC will
also be conducted to evaluate SEA commitments and to determine if any
sanctions or incentives are appropriate.

The schedule for reviewing the FY 81  is summarized as follows:

1.   First quarter review-mid January, 1981.

2.   Mid-year review of SEA commitments.

          Summary reports by DEC and  EPA  program offices  -early April,
          1981.

          Staff level program review  meetings - mid to late  April, 1981.

          Commissioner/Regional Administrator meeting - late April,
          1981.

          Summary report of review by the Regional Administrator  provided
          to Commissioner - early May, 1981.

3.   Third quarter review - mid July, 1981.

4.   End-of-year review - mid October, 1981.


                                      25

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FY 82 SEA Schedule

For the FY 82 SEA it is the intent of EPA and DEC to factor  the Alaska
environmental profile into the SEA preparation and to phase  the agreement
schedule with the development of the State operating budget.  These
changes will make the agreement more meaningful as a management tool and
directly correlate program activities with environmental results.  The
events and scheduled dates for developing the FY 82 SEA are  as follows:
     1.   EPA and DEC participate in a Regional SEA Workshop      11/80
          to review the FY 81 SEA process and outline approaches
          for the FY 82 SEA.

     2.   Agreement reached between DEC and EPA on preparing      12/80
          environmental profiles for the FY 82 SEA.

     3.   DEC and EPA start preparing the Alaska environmental     1/81
          profile to be in the FY 82 SEA.

     4.   Detailed Public Participation Work Plan for FY 82        1/81
          SEA prepared by DEC and EPA.

     5.   Draft Alaska environmental profile prepared for all      2/81
          media to be covered in the SEA.

     6.   EPA, Headquarters FY 82 Operating Year Guidance          3/81
          received and distributed to DEC.

     7.   EPA regional SEA guidance developed and distributed      3/81
          to DEC.

     8.   DEC and EPA key program staff meet to define specific    3/81
          issues and approaches for FY 82 SEA and to make work
          assignments.

     9.   Joint DEC/EPA public workshops held in various          4/81
          geographic areas on the Alaska environmental profile.

     10.  Work assignments for SEA development made and pre-       4/81
          paration begins.

     11.  DEC and EPA complete first draft of FY 82 SEA.           5/81

     12.  Joint DEC/EPA workshops held in various geographic    7-8/81
          areas to receive input on the draft FY 82 SEA.

     13.  Final draft of FY 82 SEA prepared which includes         8/81
          the Alaska environmental profile.

     14.  EPA, Regional Administrator and Commissioner, DEC        9/81
          meet to resolve any outstanding issues, identify
          appropriate performance standards and to sign the
          FY 82 SEA.
                                     26

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     15.  EPA makes program grant awards to DEC based on signed
          FY 82 SEA.

Performance Assurance
                                                            9/81
Under general grant regulations {40 CFR Part 30) EPA has the authority
to withhold grant funds, to terminate grants or to take appropriate
action for unsatisfactory performance of commitments contained in this
Agreement.  It is the intent of the Alaska Department of Environmental
Conservation and the Environmental Protection Agency to devote every
effort to accomplish these commitments and to avoid imposition of any
grnat sanctions.  EPA is also making certain commitments in the Agreement
directly impacting State performance.  To the extent EPA fails to perform
its commitments any grant action would be adjusted accordingly.  It is
further recognized that at this time no grant incentive is available to
recognize superior performance.  EPA will attempt to establish in the
future a system to more closely relate grant funds to performance.

It is further agreed that certain specific commitment's are critical to
EPA and DEC'S performance under this Agreement.  If one Agency fails to
perform commitments identified below as critical, there will be a specified
compensating action to assure that the Agency adversely affected will be
able to overcome the others failure to perform.
DEC
DEC
     Program

Air-Prevention
of Significant
Deterioration
Air-State
Implementation
Plan
Commitment

Assumption of
the PSD Program
by 6/30/81.
SIP submitted that
is approvable by
EPA by 11/30/80.
DEC
DEC
RCRA-Hazardous      RCRA Cooperative
Wastes (Subtitle C) Agreement nego-
                    tiated and signed.
RCRA-Solid          Complete the Solid
Wastes (Subtitle D) Waste Management
                    Plan including
                    adoption of
                    regulations to
                    implement by
                    1/31/81.
Specified Action

Reduction in the FY 81
105 grant by $35,000
to support EPA PSD
expenses.

a. Reduction in FY 81
105 grant by $40,000.
b. Promulgation of
SIP by EPA.

No FY 81 Subtitle C
expenditures
authorized after
11/19/80 until
Cooperative Agreement
signed.

No FY 82 Subtitle D
grant will be awarded
by EPA.
                                     27

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DEC
Water-NPDES
EPA
EPA
EPA
Drinking Water




Drinking Water



Air Quality
EPA
EPA
Water Quality
Planning "208"
Water Pollution
control-general
permits
Conduct 20
compliance
and 10 compliance
sampling
inspections.
Provide follow-up
to sanitary survey
training session
held in FY 1980.

Develop capacity
to sample qiardia
cyst- in water.

Expedite review
& provide changes
needed in the
State air quality
program within
30 days.

Provide monthly
profile on. 208
projects.

Draft general
permits for placer
mining, seafood
processors and
oil & gas
development.
FY 82 106 grant reduce
by $500 for each
compliance evaluation
inspections and $1000
for each compliance
sampling inspection
not performed.

1 man-month staff
transfer for training.
Contract to private
laboratory.
2 man-week technical
assistance to DEC.
Reduced oversight
(eliminate quarterly
review).

2 man-month staff
transfer.
                                     28

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                                          INTRODUCTION
                                            SEA BODY

             The body of the SEA is intended to be the working Section for the Federal
             and State personnel.  The SEA body is divided into subsections by pro-
             grams in which each program's narrative, grant application, annual work
             plan, and multi-year strategies are contained.

                  - The narrative contains a more detailed description of the environ-
                    ment, a summary of last fiscal year's accomplishments and current
                    year's priorities, and the environmental  results anticipated.

                  - The grant application provides the budget information for each
                    program supported by Federal grant funds.

                  - The Annual Work Plans are in tabular form and are a more detailed
                    description of the actual work to be performed, the resources
                    allotted to perform the work, and the outputs or results expected.

                  - The Multi-year Work Plans are intended to briefly highlight program
                    direction and help in determining resources needed for future  years.

             Also included in the body is an integration section and responsiveness
             summary.  The integration section identifies areas and/or activities  that
             require personnel and monetary resources from various programs.  The.
             responsiveness summary is intended to give a detailed account of public
             comments and involvement.
                                                  29

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                                   WATER QUALITY PROGRAM
                   NARRATIVE
•                      FY 80 ACCOMPLISHMENTS	  33
^                      FY 81 PRIORITIES 	  37

                   •GRANT
                         WATER POLLUTION (106)	  41
                         MANAGEMENT ASSISTANCE (205(g))	  49
•                      CLEAN LAKES (314)	  61

                   ANNUAL WORK PLAN
•                         POINT SOURCE (106) 	  89
                         WATER QUALITY PLANNING (208) 	 103
                         DREDGE AND FILL (404)	 108
•                      CONSTRUCTION GRANTS (205(g)) 	 112
™                      EMERGENCY RESPONSE	117

                   MULTI-YEAR WORK PLAN
                         POINT SOURCE (106) 	'	120
                         WATER QUALITY PLANNING (208) 	 123
                         DREDGE AND FILL (404)	 126
                         CONSTRUCTION GRANTS (205(g))	 127
—                      CLEAN LAKES (314) 	 128
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                         STATE/EPA AGREEMENT
                                FY 81
                        WATER QUALITY PROGRAM
                              NARRATIVE
Introduction
To handle the water quality problems, several programs are now in operation
by the State and EPA.

- NPDES - National Pollution Discharge Elimination System - the program
  1ssues permits which limit wastewater discharges from point sources
  and establish schedules for meeting these limitations.

- 208 - The 208 program is under the Clean Water Act and handles the
  problems associated with non-point sources on an areawide and Statewide
  basis.

- Construction grants - Grants funds for the building of sewage treatment
  facilities.

- Emergency Response - Handles surveillance and response activities in
  the oil and hazardous material emergencies.

- 404 - Handles dredge and fill permitting activities in wetlands.

The five programs have been created to handle the diversity of problems
associated with water quality.  Each program does not stand alone in
solving water quality problems but contributes to the cummulative effort
needed to solve the environmental problems.

Grants funds are provided through the 201, 205(g), 106, and 208 programs
for financial support to solve water quality problems in Alaska identi-
fied in the Executive Summary.  The following sections highlight FY 80
accomplishments, FY 81 priorities and the environmental results expected
by these actions.  A detailed annual work pi an-and multi-year strategy,
as appropriate are also presented.


FY 80 WaterQuality Accomplishments

     NPDES

EPA has begun establishing procedures for issuance of general  permits.
Because of the recent implementation of a joint placer mining strategy
and technology transfer program by EPA, ADEC, and Alaska Department of
Fish and Game, small placer mining operations will most likely be the
first category to be covered.


                                  33

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Three major energy related permits were prepared this year:  ALPETCO-
Valdez, Alyeska Ballast Treatment Plant - Valdez, and Water-flood
Project-Prudhoe Bay.  These permits involved close coordination between
EPA and ADEC to.evaluate technology and water quality considerations.

In implementing the NPDES program in Alaska in a cooperative manner,
EPA conducted a training session for ADEC staff on NPDES compliance
inspections.  Also, ADEC Regional Offices have assumed the responsibility
for most NPDES permit review and associated field activities.  This
decentralization has increased ADEC's involvement with permittees.

Although no final determination has been made, EPA has begun implementation
of its review process of Section 301(h) (secondary treatment waiver} appli-
cants.  A break through did occur on December 17, 1979 in which EPA and
ADEC signed an agreement by which Alaska Native Villages with ocean dis-
charges could provide treatment levels less than secondary if established
water quality criteria were met.

A major water quality accomplishment has resulted after approximately
three years of legal actions in trying to get the College Utilities Corp.
to divert its discharge from the Chena River to the Fairbanks areawide
treatment system.  This is the last major discharge to heavily impact
the Chena River.

     208

In FY 80 the Alaska Statewide Water Quality Management Plan for controlling
non-point pollution sources was completed and conditionally approved by
EPA.   This plan provides a basis for continued development of a control
program for non-point sources in Alaska.  The major elements addressed and
accomplishments are as follows:

     Waste Oil - A study of alternatives for waste oil utilization and
     disposal was completed and report and informational brochure are
     available.

     Timber Harvesting - Best Management Practices (BMP's) for Timber
     harvesting have been developed.

     Transportation Corridors - BMP's for controlling deposition of
     sediment from roads and pipelines have been prepared.

     Placer Mining - BMP's for the control of non-point discharges from
     placer mining operation have been completed and an interagency
     strategy to minimize adverse impacts from mining has been developed
     by the Alaska Department of Conservation.(DEC), Alaska Department
     of Fish and Game (DFG), and Department of Natural Resources (DNR).
                                  34

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Efforts continued in FY 8Q on 208 projects for NPDES program delegation,
and assessment of water quality problems in Alaska, developing on-site
disposal alternatives, and reviewing DEC's data management needs.
Several projects are essentually complete and final work products will
soon be available.  New 208 projects underway in FY 80 include:

     - A study of industrial sludge disposal alternatives

     - A placer raining demonstration project

     -A study to develop BMP's for agricultural activities

     Construction Grants

In FY 80, the Construction Grants program increased the number of projects
under construction by 10 and also, reviewed and approved the Facility
Plans for Dillingham, Kodiak Island Borough, Naknek, Fairbanks {sludge
disposal) and Kenai's amendment.  Several critical problems arose in the
area of municipal wastewater treatment this year.  The problems were
concentrated in Southeast where huge amounts of rainfall and the soring
cost of energy have compounded wastewater treatement facility problems.
Through an increased level of attention EPA and DEC worked with Kodiak
to retain an engineering consultant to investigate deficiencies in the
plant, Wrangell to under take a study to determine the cause of excessive
infiltration/inflow and Petersburg to continue operation of their plant
and retain an engineer to perform an independent study.

This was the first year of which implementation plan to delegate the
authority and responsibility in the Construction Grants program to the
State.  The delegation has resulted in the avoidance of duplication,
increased efficiency by placing project management closer to projects,
facilitated communication between grantee and monitoring agency, and
allowing the program to be managed in accordance with local conditions
and needs.  The net result is better responsiveness to program requirements.

     Emergency Response

Response to spills of.oil and hazardous substances in Alaska requires close
coordination between Federal, State, and local governments.  EPA, DEC and the
U. S. Coast Guard have jointly participated in several spills including the
Ryuyo Manu, Leg; Wang Zin^ and the Atigun pass spills.

New State legislation considerably enhances the State's ability to supple-
ment and support Federal spill cleanup responses and cleanup.  With addi-
tional personnel, DEC will be able to assume much of the responsibility for
on-scene investigations, monitoring and enforcement for oil spills.

Work has begun oh a memorandum of agreement between EPA and DEC to establish
a more coordinated response to oil and hazardous substance spills, and will
be completed in early FY 81.  The responsibilities of each agency will be
                                  35

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                     	                                     I


                                                                                  I


In addition in FY 81 DEC will complete an assessment of water quality in          I
Alaskan lakes and work with local government to develop Clean Lake pro-           •
jects in areas experiencing problems.


     Construction Grants

In FY 81, the State of Alaska will complete assumption of the major role          I
in review and approval of the Construction Grants program with EPA
having the responsibility to monitor the overall State performance.
Alaska's sparsely populated and isolated communities have created enormous        •
problems in their treatment of wastewater and this year particular                •
emphasis will be given by EPA and DEC to encourage the use of alternative
and innovative funds under the Construction Grants Program.  At the               •
same time EPA will begin to develop and implement the President's Rural           |
Initiative Program which will simplify procedures and requirements for
construction or renovation of water and sewer facilities in rural commun-         _
ities of 10,000 or less.  Also, EPA and DEC will be developing the tasks          •
necessary to implement the Municipal Strategy for public owned treatment          •
works.  Approximately $26 million dollars will be granted this year in
Alaska for wastewater construction projects.                                      •


     Emergency Response                                                           •

The emergency response program monitored by EPA and DEC will continue
with current activities of responding to all oil and hazardous material
spills and preventing oil spills from reaching navigable waters of the            I
U.S. and adjoining shores.  EPA will republicize who is required to meet          •
the Spill Prevention Control and Counter-measure (SPCC) plan and keep a
log of spill plans needed for sufamittal from the spills that had resulted.        •

In FY 81, the State will begin to implement the oil bill that passed
in FY 80 and DEC will work with EPA to interpret the requirements under
the law.  Also, to increase the State cooperation in the area of oil              •
spills, EPA and DEC will finalize a memorandum of agreement on cooper-            •
ative surveillance and response activities in oil and hazardous emergencies.

     404                                                                          I

DEC and EPA will begin developing a working agreement for improving 404           .
program coordination.  Program coordination will be increased through    •         I
other tasks as well as the working agreement, such as:                            *

     - assisting the Corps of Engineers in preparing a permit application         •
       assistance packet.                                                         I

     - improving the level of permit monitoring to assure compliance              •
       with 404 permit conditions.
                                  36
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spelled out to avoid unnecessary duplication and confusion at the spill
site.  As a primary member of the Regional Response Team DEC will also
particpate in spill planning and response at that level.

Prevention of spills is much less costly in environmental damage and in
cleanup dollars so EPA and DEC will continue to work together on spill
prevention.  By combining State and Federal responsibilities, coordinating
facility inspections and contingency plan reviews, a more effective spill
prevention program will result.


     404

In FY 80, EPA and DEC increased their activities in the review of dredge
and fill permits issued by the Corps of Engineers under Section 404 of
the Clean Water Act.  EPA and DEC participated in the gas pipeline pre-
application review and we are participating in development of the EIS for
the Waterflood Project.  EPA and DEC also participated.in the 404 over-
sight hearings in Washington, D.C.  The hearings called attention to.the
program and provided a forum for agencies involved in the permitting action
to talk further about the steps needed to streamline dredge and fill pro-
cess in Alaska.
FY 81 Water Quality Priorities

     NPDES - Point Source                .

In FY 81, EPA will increase their effectiveness in managing the NPOES
program through simplication of the permit process.  This will occur
through the issuance of general permits and developing a strategy for
implementing the consolidated permits program.  DEC and EPA will develop
a municipal strategy to coordinate NPDES program with construction grants
and also develop a strategy for control of placer mining and seafood
processing waste discharges.  As in FY 80, EPA will continue to expe-
dite energy related NPDES permits.  DEC will begin a phase approach for
upgrading the State water pollution control program and EPA and DEC will
improve mutual administration of the NPDES program in Alaska.  EPA and
DEC will continue compliance sampling and evaluation inspections and
develop and maintain a tracking system for review of major discharge
monitoring report discrepancies and non-submittals and follow up to all
major permittees with significant one time violations or multiple minor
violations.  A major permit is determined by a point evaluation system
of the discharge.  The amount of points given to a source discharge
determines whether it has the potential to have an adverse environmental
impact and whether a permit will need to be issued.  A new list for is-
suing major discharge permits will be completed in conjunction with EPA's
Headquarters in FY 81.
                                  37

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     208 - Non-Point Source

Top priority will be given in FY 81 to management and completion of
on-going 208 projects.  DEC will also expand their involvement in the
Anchorage 208 program.  An implementation review program will also be
established to assure progress is being made in controlling non-point
source pollution.

The State of Alaska is proposing the three additional projects described
below to be funded with 208 monies during FY 81.  These proposed projects
are consistent with EPA's priorities and areas targeted by. the Water
Resources Board, serving as the State Policy Advisory Committee.
          Wetlands Best Management Practices.  Alaska has enormous
     areas of wetlands throughout the State.  Many crucial wetlands
     are being developed or have development potential.  The wetlands
     permitting process has been viewed as causing construction delays,
     hindering development projects and has resulted in the potential
     circumventing of the process by developers.  This project will
     produce a BMP wetlands manual which will clearly explain the per-
     mitting process and the correct management practices to be incor-
     porated in development plans.
          Placer Mining Surveillance and Enforcement Program.  The rapid
     expansion of gold placer mining threatens water quality throughout
     the mineralized areas of Alaska.  The lack of enforcement personnel
     necessitates the development of a cost effective procedure for pro-
     tecting water quality.  This project will examine the various sur-
     veillance techniques and choose the most effective and efficient
     approach.  This approach will be incorporated into an AOEC Placer
     Mining Enforcement Program.

          Village Small Waste Systems.  Community economics and funding
     agency priorities have created a unique water quality problem for
     rural Alaska villages.  Frequently, small waste systems (and
     various other utility systems) are constructed by government agencies
     in rural communities with the operational and maintenance costs to
     be covered by the community.  A lack of community revenue results in
     the collapse of such systems and the communities revert to unsanitary
     means of handling waste.  The project will on a sub regional basis
     assure the construction of acceptable small waste systems, assure
     the maintenance of ADEC Water Quality Standards and provide an in-
     stitutional mechanism to coordinate the development of rural commun-
     ities utilities.
                                   38
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     - preparing a program submittal for 404 delegation to the State for
       Phase II and Phase III water.

To provide for the protection of wetlands in FY 81, EPA and DEC
will review and provide comments on major and important applications,
review Federal projects and NEPA EIS's and conduct site inspections  .
of major permit applications.  All coastal zone management plans will
be reviewed to assure consistency with 404 environmental guidelines.
Five Year Water Quality Strategies

     NPDES

DEC and EPA will continue to work together to upgrade the State's capa-
bility in the NPDES program.  During the next five years, DEC and EPA
will be working together to assure all industrial sources compliance
with requiements for meeting Best Available Technology Economically
Achievable Pollutant Control Technology and all municipal sources meet
secondary treatment (unless a waiver is granted).  Also through better
cooperative efforts resulting from the municipal strategy development,
EPA and DEC will insure the implementation of pretreatment programs for
all municipalities receiving wastes.

     Emergency Response

The Alask Sub-region response plan will incorporate an oil spill damage
assessment program.  Under the new 311 regulations, the capability to
respond to spills of hazardous, materials will be developed.

     Construction Grants

By 1986 the major construction of wastewater facilities will have been
initiated and near completion throughout the State.  The grants funds
to be awarded in the preceeding years are approximately $18 million in
FY 82, $30 million in FY 83, and $19 million in FY 84.

     208

Over the next five years EPA 208 funds available will be phased down.
The State and local governments must develop an adequate financial base
to continue to carry out projects to control non-point pollution.

     404

The 5-year strategy in the 404 program is to expand local government in-
volvement and recognition in the 404 process and increase the public's
awareness of the permit process and the natural value of wetlands.  With-
in this 5-year period DEC will be expected to assume operation of the
404 program for Phase II and III waters, if it is determined to be in
the public interest.


                                   39

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Environmental Results

The following water quality results are expected from controlling point
and non-point pollution discharges to rivers, lake, and marine environ-
ments in Alaska:

     - isolated water quality problems from point source discharges of
       pollutants will be eliminated in the areas of industrial and
       municipal wastewater discharges

     - turbidity and sediment problems arising from placer mining and
       timber harvesting will decrease through the implementation of
       BMP' s

     - solids accumulation and the resulting depression of oxygen and
       production of hydrogen sulfide associated with discharge of seafood
       wastes will be minimized.

     - municipal wastewater discharges will be in compliance with effluent
       regulations

     - all new major sources of pollution will be adequately regulated
       prior to commencement of operations.

     - sensitive wetland areas in Alaska will be identified and adequately
       protected
                                   40
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                                                           Mrs. Hjumom. GOVERNOR
DEPT. OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION

                                          465-2660
                                                     POUCH 0 - JUMUUiUII


                                                     September 3,  1980
    Mr. Jim Sweeney
    Director
    Environmental Protection Agency
    Alaska Operations Office
    Federal Building, 701 C Street
    Box 19
    Anchorage/ Alaska  99513


    Dear Mr. Sweeney:


    Enclosed is an application for a grant of Section 106 funds in the
    amount of $148,000 for this Department's water pollution control  pro-
    gram.   The application forms are attached.  In support of this applica-
    tion we are submitting a draft copy of the Department's water pollution
    control work plan which is now in final draft form.  The final work plan
    will be included in the FFY 81 State-EPA agreement.


    It is anticipated that this grant will be used over a one year period,
    FFY 81.  We would appreciate your rapid approval of this grant applica-
    tion.
                                             • Mueller
                                     Commissioner
    Enclosures


    cc:  J. Underwood, EPA Region X
        Jackie Dailey, EPA Region X
        -Roy Ellerman, EPA Region X
        Dale Wallington
                                                         RECEIVE
r
                                      41
                                                            SE?
                                                      ALASKA

-------
      FEDERAL  ASSISTANCE
  1. TYPE
    OF
    ACTION
   (Murk ap-
          Q P?£IPPUCAT10N
          [g APPIICATION
          Q NOTIFICATION OF INTENT tOpt)
             REPORT OF FEDERAL ACTION
 APPLI-
 CANTS
 APPLI-
 CATION
                                                       1. NUMBER
           b. DATE
                 y*gp TTionlh . fiUMBER
b. DATE
  ASSIGNED
                                                                                                      Year  month  day
                                                         19
                                          Lean
 4. LEGAL APPLICANT/RECIPIENT
 b. Orjiniutltm Unit
 c. Stn*M».0. 8«
 t. Ct*
 I. SUU
 t. Caotid P«no»
                      State  of  Alaska
                      Dept.  of  Environmental Conservation
                      Pouch  0
                      Juneau            «• c*"* -•
                      Alaska            «• ZIPO*.:  99311
                        Bob Martin
                                            (907)   465-2643
 7. TITLE AND DESCRIPTION OF APPLICANTS PROJECT
               Water  Pollution  Control Program
 10. AREA OF PROJECT IMPACT  Warn., o/ ciiiti, countwi.
                           Stain, «ft.)

          Statewide
                                                     11. ESTIMATED NUM.
                                                        BER OF PERSONS
                                                        BENEFITING
                                                        450,000
 13.
       PROPOSED FUNDING"
                                14. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS OF:
 i. FEDERAL
 b. APPLICANT
                148.OOP-  -00
                            .00
                1O4.300
                            .00
{•i.
                            .00
 I. OTrcS
                            .00
 t.   T3TH.
                752.300
                               i. APPLICANT

                                   Alaska
                               16. PROJECT START
                                   DATE  Ytar mmvlA day
                                     19  80^0  01
           b. PROJECT

               WPC
           17. PROJECT
              DURATION
                   12
                               IB. ESTIMATED DATE TO
                                  BE SUBMITTED TO
                                  FEDERAL AGENCY >
                                                          Year  month
                                                        19
                                                                          5. FEDERAL EMPLOYER  IDENTIFICATION NO.
                               PRO-
                               GRAM
                                (Frim
                               Futtroi
                               Catalog}
                                          «. HUHBER
                                                         1
                                          Water Pollution  Control
                                          Program Grant Sec-106,
                                          CWA
                                                                         8. TYPE OF APPLICANT/RECIPIENT
                                                                         A~Stit>           H-Communitf Action Aftnqr
                                                                         B-lntinUU        I- Hijh«f Eauntioni! Institution
                                                                         C-Subst»»»-        J-lBBiin Trib«
                                                                           District         K-Ot!i«c
                                                                          E-Cily
                                                                          F- School DliUie*
                                                                            Dutfict
                                                                                                  •  twt ol my kno»l«j(k ind btttit,
           diti In thlt prwp^i eation/i ppiication in
           In* ind  nrnct,  tilt  dKummt tut b*«t
           duly mthOfizid by  U» t«rMnlnf t-xtr ef
           Ui. ipelicMt in4 tin i;«llant will cofnpjy
           wlUl Ik* itdehfd HWMiiOi* It tt« tolH-
           •nc* li ipprvnd.
b. If naiiirri by OMB Clroibr A-3S Uili ssolitiiion wll sutunittnl. punujn
  ttnidloni thtniit, to ippfo^fijU c[M;injSouiw ind all rwpoiuM tit i
                                                                                            21. REMARKS ADDED

                                                                                                  Y«»  Q No
                                                                                              nt In In-
           i. TYPED KAME AND TITLE
           Ernst W.  Mueller,  Commissioneri
           of  Environmental  Conservation
0)  Prelirainary__drJaf±__to__Clearinghouse
CO     in  AugTlstSO.        "
            V  ^- -- -
 24. AGENCY NAME
                    S.  Environmental Protection Agency
 25. ORGANIZATIONAL UNIT
    	    Region X
                                                      27. ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE
 23. ADORES3
                1200  6th Avenue  Seattle,  Washington 98101
 31. ACTION TAKEN
 Q a. AWARDED

 Q i. X£J£CIS>

 Q e. KTUJUIIO rO»
      AUEMOHEflT

 Q C D1FIBKD
 Q ». WITHDJUWI
 ii
 FEDERAL AGENCY
 A-9S ACTION
                  32.
                                FUNDING
                 .. FEDERAL
                 b. APPUCAXT
                 c. STATE
                 i. LOCAL
                 •. OTHEft
                  f.   TOTM.
                                                .00
                                                .00
      .CO
      .00
                                                .00
                                                                                aumt\
                                                     33. ACTION DATE >>
          33. CONTACT  FOR  ADDITIONAL  INFORMJV
              TION  (Wa»M onJ
                       H MV? f
                 It ko bw« or b bcini
                                             rao«h»d fro* tiMrintVwiM wtn CM-
                                                   * put 1. 0*3 QmtM ,V3S,
                                                                                                     Nore-
                                                                                                     »po«.«
                                                                                                      D
                                                                   Rei-poni*
                                                                   ettoehtd
                                                                     a
                                                                     a
                                                                     a
                                                                                              DATE SIGHED
                                                                     a
                                                                                                       No
                                                                          k. FEDERAL AGEHCf
                                                                                             OFFICIAL
EPA Fo»m 5700-J3 (R»». 7-76)
                                         PAGE I OF 12
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                                                  JHi
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                                                       u.-.-n 1 o n .-.if.!
                                                   .VMIW; At  r^OlECllON' AGtNCv~
                                              .  AESURAr.'CC  Of CO.V.r'UAf.'CE
                                                             FOR
                                      -  TITLF V)  OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1954
                                                             AND
                                     rECTIOM 13  OF THE FV.'PCA AMENDMENTS OF  1972
ML AND ADDRESS Of APPUCANT/HeCICIENT (Heicir.ttit,
r completed by EPAl
                                                                                              GRAW1 AMOUNT
                                                                                              RE-OUcSTED

                                                                                              5   148,000
                                                            TYPE OF GRANT

                                                               ODEMOrvS~r HA7 I
                                                                                      D"E.SEABCH
                                                                                          Pollution Control  Program
                                                               CHfcCK ONE:
I  HEREBY AGREES THAT IT^will comply with Tills V] of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (P.L. SS-352) and al) requirements of the
  L'.S  Enviionrm-maJ Protection Agency (hereinafter called "EPA ") issued pursuant lo that title, to thr end that in accordance with
  •:Tni£ V]  of that  Act, no person in  the  United Stales shalj, on the ground of race,  color,  or  national  origin be  excluded Horn
  Ipy'.icipaiion in. be denied the benefits of, or be otherwise subjected to discrimination under any program or activiiy for.which the
  Assuror receives  financial assistance  from EPA and hereby gives assurance that it will now and hereafter lake aJl necessary measuies
  J:o effectuate thjs agreement.              '  •   ' •'•     ••    - '•  •-.:;.'-•• •>=, 'f_'f.  •••  •  •:'..••     -.'....  .
.              ..--,    ,      •    ,    •••"\/-£-  :v:,v^..::;.;;;    .  >;-..     •-  ••.-•-.•       •
JHEREBY AGREES THAT-IT «-'iJ! comply v.-iih aJl applicable requirements of Section  13 of the FederaJ Water Pollution Connol
  I Act Amendments of 1972 (P.L. 92-500) and al! lequiicments of EPA issued pursuant to ihai section, to the end  that in accordance
  (with thai section of that Act, no person in  the United Stales shau, on the yiound of ssx be excluded fiom participation in, be
  denied the benefits of, 01 be otherwise subjected to discrimination unckr any proi^m or activity undsi the said Federal \V..:--
  !Pol!u;ion Control Act Amwdmcnts  foi  which the Assuror receives financial assistance fiom EPA and hereby gives assurance th=: ',-.
I
   -ill no-*- and hereafter tais aJl necessarv measures to efftctnaie thjs asreemsnl.
             properly  or structure  thereon is provided or improved  with the aid "of financial assistance extended 10 the Assuror by
_?.PA, this Assurance obligates the Assuror, or, in the case of any  transfer of such  properly, any transferee  for the period outing
•-.vhjch the rea] properly or structure is used for a purpose involving the provisions of similar services or benefits. !f any psisonal
  properly j$ so provided, this Assurance obligates the Assuror for (he period during which it retains ownership or possession of the
  property. In aU other cases, this Assurance obligates the Assuror for the period during which the financial assistance is extended to
•:; by EPA.                   .                                  '      '  .   .  '.~

  THE ASSURANCE is given in  consideration of ajid  for  the purpose  of obtaining any and a]J' Federal grants, loans, contracts,
  Ipioperty discounts or other financial assistance  extended  after  the date hereof  to the ASSUIOI by  EPA  including instalment
  •.•>ivrnents after such  date on account of arrangements for Federal  financiaj assistance which  we;e approved  before such date. Tne
  -'-.isuior  recognizes and agrees  that  such FederaJ financial  assistance will be extended in  reliance on the fcpresenisiior.s and
  |.:y »emenis made  in this Assurance and that the United States shall reserve the right to }.eek judicial enforcrment of this Assurance.
  This Assurance is  binding on the Assuror, its successors, transferees,  and  assignees, and the person  or persons whose signature
 ' Appear bt)ow are authorized to sign this Assurance on bshalf of the  Assuror.
I
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  Trie obligations assumed by the  Assuror hereunder are in addition to any obligations which msy be imposed on the Assuior by any
  Applicable regulation now  outstanding or whJch may hereafter be adopted by EPA to effectuate any provision or goal of the said
  Tills VI  and  all applicabJ«~TeSITiicrnentToT 1 he-said S:ction 13: and no part of this Assurance  shall be read so as to in  any way
                     ify any.oblica
icuaci from or modify any .obligation which may be !*npo«d on the Assuror by any such regulation standing
   i G N' *• 7 U » C
                                                 OF PO^RD Of? COMpiRiSUt AUTKO3IZ£O
                                                                                                DAT £
                                                                                                 SEP    4  m
                                                              43

-------
                                                        PART II

                                         PROJECT APPROVAL  INFORMATION
                                                  Form Approved
                                             QMS No.  158-RQ11Q
 Item 1.
 Does this assistance request State, local, regional, or other priority
 rating?
         Name of Governing Body
         Priority Rating	
                                         _Yes
.No
 Item 2.
 Does this assistance request require State, or local advisory, educa-
 tional or health clearances?
         Name of Agency or
           Board	
                                         .Yes
.No
(Attach Documentation}
 It am 3.
 Does  this assistance request require clearinghouse  review in accord-
 ance with OMB Circular A-95?
                                          Yes
                                                      .No
         (Attach Comments)  Draft  work plan will be submitted
          to Clearing  House  in  near  future.  Comments  fro
          Clearing  House  will be forwarded to EPA  upon
          roeoipfc.	
 lt«m 4.
 Does  this assistance request require State, local, regional or other
 planning approval?
         Name of Approving Agency.
                                         .Yes      V   No
 Item 5.
 Is the proposed project  covered by an approved  comprehensive
 plan?
                                         Yes
                                                     .No
         Check one:  State    O
                    Local    D
                    Regional O
         Location of Plan	
 Itam 6.
 Will the  assistance requested serve a federal installation?

                                   X     Yes
                                                      No
         Name of Federal initiation    All  federal  agencies
         Federal Population benefiting from Project ^^^^^^_^^^^^__
 Item 7.
 Will the  assistance requested be on Federal land or installation?


                                    X    Ye;  	No
Name of Federal Installation _
Location of Federal Land __	
Percent of Project     progg>n-My  ahoii-t-
                                             federal agencies
                                       Alaska
 item 8.
 Will  the  assistance requested- have  an impact  or  effect  on the
 environment?
                                        .Yes
.No
         See instructions for additional information to be provided.
         Beneficial  effect  because of  reduced
         water pollution
Item 9.
Has  the  project  for which assistance is  requested  caused,  since
January  1, 1971, or will it cause, the displacement of any individual,
family, business, or farm?
         Number of:
          Individuals,
          Families	
          Businesses _
          Farms
                                        -Yes
.No
hem 10.
Is there other related assistance on this project.previous, pending,
or anticipated?
                                        .Yes
.No
         See instructions for additional information to be provided.
          (see  supplementary  sheet)
li«m 11.
Is project in a Designated Flood Hazard Area?
                                        .Yes
                                                     .No
EPA Form 5700-33 (R.r. 7-74}
                                                                                                          PAGE S OF 12
                                                                44
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-•

Supplementary Sheet
Part II Item 10

Is there other related assistance on this project previous, pending
or anticipated?
Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation has received and is






, receiving financial assistance from EPA for the Water Pollution Control
Program.
Section 106 Program Grants
FFY 80 grant is $148,000. Anticipated FFY 81 grant is $148,000.

• Secion 205 State Management Assistance Grant (SMAG)




In FFY 80, the Department applied for and received $289,600. This included
the remaining $154,651. of the FFY 78 205 (g) Grant and $134,949 from the
FFY 79 allocation. The Department anticipates the SFY 81 205 (g) grant
plication to include $96,000, the remaining amount of the FFY 79 grant
$129,000 from the FFY 80 Grant, or a total of $225,000.
Section 208 Water puality Management and Planning Grant

Previous 208 grants have been $596,000. in May, 1976, $220,000, in
May, 1978, $79,000. in March 1979, $430,000. in June 1979, $570,000.
in August 1979. The 1980 Grant was $442,655. and the, 1981 grant ap-
plication is for $725,000.

Construction Grants, Section 205 (g)
The SFY 1980 grant was $245,349. The grant application for SFY 81 is
for $231.835.

-

•
45

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-------

                                                                                                Form Approved
                                                                                            OMB No. 158-R01W
SECTION B - SCHEDULE B - BUDGET CATEGORIES
6. Program Elements
X
a' Policy and Management
b.
c.
Permits
d.
Plan Review
e.
Monitoring & Inspectior
f.
Training & Tech. Assist
9- ._
h.
i. Total Program Elements
j. STATE TOTAL
FUNDING.
<1) FEDERAL
$ 60,000

60,000
20.000

ance 8,000


$
S 148,000
(2) NON-FEDERAL
S . 25,000

25,000
29.300
25,000
j* •
-

S
$ 104,300
(3» TOTAL
S 85,000

85,000
49 ,.300
25,000
flrOOO


$
S 252,300
!4)
MAN-
VEARS
2.2

2.2
1 .">
0.7
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6.5
EPA Form 5700-33 (R.v. 7-74)
                                                 47
                                                                                                  PAGE e OF 12

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                                                            JAYS. HAMMOND, GOVERNOR
DEPT. OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
                                           465-2660  / POUCH 0-JUKAU S3911

                                                      September 3, 1980
    Mr. Jim Sweeney
    Director
    Environmental Protection Agency
    Alaska Operations Office
    Federal Building, 701 C Street
    Box 19
    Anchorage,  Alaska  99513

    Dear Mr.  Sweeney:

    This Department proposes to use State Management Assistance Grant (SMAG)
    funds allocated to this Department under Section 205(g)  of the Clean
    Water Act in excess of Construction Grant Program needs  for the state
    budget year beginning July 1,  1980, through June 30,  1981.   An applica-
    tion for a grant under Section 205(g)  in the amount of $225,000 is
    attached.   This includes all of the remaining FFY 79 funds ($96,346)  and
    $128,654 from our FFY 80 allocation.   In support of this application we
    are submitting a draft copy of the Department's water pollution control
    work plan which is now in final draft form.   The -final work plan will be
    included in the FFY 81 State-EPA Agreement.
            r                                                           •    »
    To assist you in making a determination 'that these funds are in excess
    of the needs of the Construction Grant Program,  attached is our 205(g)
    Funding Projection for the Construction Grant Program for the five-year
    period 1977-1982.   It is apparent that there are funds .in excess of  the
    needs of the Construction Grant Program in each year of  this five-year
    period.   We intend to use these excess funds to supplement our ongoing
    Water Pollution Control Program,  which is funded primarily by State
    general funds,  and other amounts from Section 106,  205 and 208 grants.

    Please note that this grant application spans to two  federal fiscal,
    years and we intend for the grant period  to  be made accordingly to
    coincide with out State FY 81  (July 1,  1980-June 30,  1981)  budget year.
    This  is indicated in Part III,  Section D  of  the/'application form.
                                  49

-------
Mr. Jim Sweeney
Page 2
September 3, 1980
Attached is a detailed description of our expenditure plan for the
requested funds.  Since FFY 79 funds in the amount of $96,346 are sub-
ject to reallotment after September 30, 1980, we ask for your expedi-
tious processing of this application.
                                      '                   '
                                    Pnst W. Mueller
                                   Commissioner
Enclosures
cc:  Jackie Dailey, EPA Region X
     Roy Ellerman, EPA Region X
     John Underwood, EPA Region X
     Dale Wallington
                                50
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      FEDERAL  ASSISTANCE
  J. TYPE
    OF
    ACTION

   I Mark of-
                           OF INTEMT (Opt)
               REPORT OF FSDESAL ACTION
                                                 2. APPLI-

                                                    CANT'S

                                                    APPLI-

                                                    CATION
                                                        *. HUM9ER
  b. DAT!
        fiar
      "90
                                                                       day
                                                                       QT
                                                                             3. STATE
                                                                                   FIER
                                          b. DATE

                                            ASSIGNED
                                                                                                               monffc day
                                                                                                             19
                                                 Lta*t
                                                 Blank
4. LEGAL APPLICANT/RECIPIENT

i. Aslant fen*          State of Alaska

b. orjjoiiition Unit         Department of  Environmental Conservat:

C. Strw*/P.O. Be*          Pouch O
 4. Clif

 t. SljU

 k. Contact PUM*  (Warn*
                             Juneau.
                             Alaska

                           ,. Bob Martin
o. Cauttt  :

I. 21? fair.


   (907)
                                                        99811

                                                        465-2643
  7. TJTLE AND DESCRIPTION OF APPLICANT'S PROJECT



             State Management  Assistance Grant

             State Fiscal  Year 81
  10. AREA OF PROJECT IMPACT  Wnm« of eitiee. enuntie*.
                            Statu, elf.)

          Statewide
                                                             11. ESTIMATED MUM-
                                                                 BER OF PERSONS-
                                                                 BENEFITING

                                                                450,000
  13.
        PROPOSED FUNDING—
                                 14. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS OF:
 t. FOllflAL
 b. APPUCAHT
 S.-STA7I
                    . nno
11.
                2 25. nno    .00
 f.   TCT«.  ) $
                             .CO
                                       t. APPLICANT

                                         Alaska
                                       16. PROJECT START
                                          DATE y»r mont* day
                                            . is 80 10  01
                                                      b. PROJECT

                                                      	WPC Program
                                                      17. PROJECT
                                                         DURATION
                                                      	X 2    Month*
                                       18. ESTIMATED DATE TO
                                          BE SUBMITTED TO
                                          FEDERAL AGENCY >
                                                                 ntantA
                                                               19
                                                                             5. FEDERAL EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION NO.
                                                                             PRO-
                                                                             CRAM
                       Ftdtrat
                       Catalan)
                                                                                        «. NUMBER
                                                                                                            _LL
                                                                                        b.
State Management  Assistance :
Grant,  Sec.  205(g)  CWA
                                                                                  8. TYPE OF APPLICANT/RECIPIENT
                                                                                  A-StiU           B-Comraunity Action j
                                                                                  B-iniinbl*        I- Hi(l)«r Eduutiontl Institution
                                                                                  C-Subctito-        J-lndiiATrib*
                                                                                    Oiiirict         K-Otl»r (Specify):
                                                                                  D-Counrr

                                                                                  F-Sehcol Dfjlrie*       •  	
                                                                                  G-So»ci»l Furpot*
                                                                                    DtitnO
                                                                                                  Enttr eyprapriatt Utttr
                                                                            9. TYPE OF ASSISTANCE
                                                                                iic Gnnt       p-lnsurinc*
                                                                                             E-0«H»
                                                                             C-loin
                                                                                                                .
                                                                                                      print* Ittltr(i)
                                                                           12. TYPE OF APPLICATION
                                                                           A-NM     C-S«»iilon     ~
                                                                           B-R«inal  D-Continujtion     .      . •          i
                                                                                                Enter G?jrropri&t* letter I
                       IS. TYPE Or CHANGE (Far ttc or tit)
                       A-liicrem Doldn    f-0th»r (SptoVv):
                       B-OtaejM Oollirj
                       &*lncrmt Duration
                       0-Cecfr»at» Uittr(i) |  [   )   j
                                                                            19. EXISTING FEDERAL IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
       23. FEDERAL AGENCY TO RECEIVE REQUEST  (Worn*, City. Slate. ZIP code)    -,a--

          EPA,  1200 6th  Avenue,  Seattle,   Washington 98101
 22..


 THE
 APPLICANT
 CERTIFIES
 THAT*.
 REPRE-
 SENTATIVE
                  i. To tilt b«t ol my fcfi«wl*it» >n4
                  £•11 in Hili pmppiltttiofl/ipaiieittai in
                  tni» nit tairtet, 0)* (fDcumMit k» bM«
                  duly lulhorlitd  fey th* iwnraliif boo> of
                  till ipolioil »i)4 Hit aypllant will eampfy
                  vitli tht ittich«J tnurinew If Hit ualtt-
                  tnc*
                                                                                              21. REMARKS ADDED

                                                                                                    Y»»     NO
                                           b. It riaiilrwi by OMB Clrculir A-9S tftii ipcliutipn *» injunlltid.
                                             ttiuctloiu tAirain, la »ppropriit< clnrinilwujj> ind ill nspanu
                                       pursviitt to In*  ffo re»
                                       i ir< •tticlitd:  ipot»*
                                                                                                                 Sempcmte
                                           (1)

                                           CD
                                           0)
Alaska
                  a. TYPED NAME A«0 TJIU               ^--	
                  Ernst  W.  Mueller,  Commissioner
                  Dept.  of  Environ.  Conserf<   .
                      ,te  Clearinghouse
 24. AGENCY NAME
 25, ORGANIZATIONAL UNIT
                                                       27. ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE
 29. ADORES3
 31. ACTION TAKEN

   i. AWWtCEO
 33.

 FEDERAL AGENCY
 A-95 ACTION
                   32.
                                FUN01NO
                   I. FEOEML
                   b. APPttCAMT.
                   *. STATE
                     LOCAL
                   ». OTHU
                   I.   TDTAt
                                                   .00
                                                   .00
                                                   .09
                                                   .CO
                                                   .00

                                                   .00
                                                       33. ACTION DATE *»    19
                                                             35. CONTACT FOR  ADDITIONAL  INFORMA-
                                                                TION (//auto and teUf)u>n» «»>*o«r>
                         t. la tttlnf tlwr» Kilo*, uy
                         tJoimd. II MKXT f"f"" i* •**
                         ft ha b*M or
               a
               a
               a
a
a
a
                                                                                             e. DATE SIGNED
                                                                                                        ar  mowtJk day

                                                                                                      '80   10

                                                                                             2i APPLICA-  Ytof month day
                                                                                             TION
                                                                                             RECEIVED  19
                                                                                              23. FEDERAL APPLICATION
                                                                                                  IDENTIFICATION
                                                                                              50. FEDERAL GRANT
                                                                                                 IDENTIFJCAT1ON
                                                                                                    34,        y««r  monOt day
                                                                                                    STARTINO '
                                                                                                    DATE    19
                                                                                             36.
                                                                                             ENDING
                                                                                             DATE
                                                                                                        Year «oiUJi  day
                                                                                                      19
                                                                                              37. REMARKS ADDED
                                                                                                          Y««  QNO
                                                                          k. FtOSUL AGEHCY A-SS OFFICIAL
                                                                                               .)
I


I
EPA foirn 3700-33 (R»*. 7-7o)
                                                PAGE 1 OF 12
                                                                 51
                                                                                                                                *:

-------
                                                      ir.'i I i r> si /. ; ;  ;.
                                           I r.'vif'OJ.-'.H'.: .".I f^Ol ICliO'*'
                                             • Ai;r.ur?Af:C!l o;- cc.
                                                           FOH
                                    -  TITLE VI OF THE  CIVIL RiGHTf. ACT OF  TJW
                                                           AND
                                   SECTION 13 OF THE  FVVf'CA AMEfv'DMENTS OF  1972
   A!.-t A.NO AODSiSSOr A
   .««? ASSUHQn)
                                              (Hftc-r.aHfr
     Stste of Alaska
     Department  of EnviroaTiental  Conservation
     Pouch 0
     Juneau,  Alaska   99S11
G3ANT IDENTIFICATION NUM2EH
/To J*r completed by EPAl
GRANT  AMOUNT
Ri-OU£STEU
s    225,000
TYPE Or GRANT
   Q OCMOMS7 RAT iCfv   D »£S.£ ARCH
                     Program  (SMAG funds)
                                                              CHtCK ONE:
                                                                                      ^CONT
                                                                                             INUATION
 HERESY AGREES THAT iT will comply with Tills VI of [he Civil Rights Act of 1964 (P.L. SS-352) and ali requirements of the
 '..'.Si Enviionrm-ntal Prelection Agency (ficreinafier called "EPA ") issued pursuant 10 that tills, to ihr end thai in accordance with
 7nie VI of that Act, no peison  in" the United -Stales shall, on- the'giound of race. color, or national  origin be excluded from
 ,-.ar.icipa;ion in; be  denied thr benefits of, or be otherwise subjected to discrimination under any piogram or activity for.which the
 Aisufor  receives financial assistance fiorn EPA and hereby gives assurance that it will now and heieafter take all necessary measures
 :oeffectuate this agreement.                • .  •..•  ...       •   • • • -\-    ''.£•.? ~~      .'•  •:" ..    * '  -   '. "••
 HEREBY AGREES THATJT wiJJ comply v.-iih a]] appiicsble requirements of Section 13 of the FeoeraJ Water Pollution Coniiol
! Ac; Amendments of 1972 (P.L. 92-500,) and all lequiiements of EPA-issu^d pursuant to thai section, 10 the end ihst in accordance
 -"ith that section of ibai  Act,  no person in  the United Siatss shs'J, on tlie eiound of sfx be excluded from  participation in, be
 denied  the  benefits of,  or be otherwise  subjected to discrimination under any pio^ram or activity under  the said  Federal \V..;.«r
 Pollution Control Ac! Amendments foi which the Assuror receives financial sssistuncf f;c'm EPA and hereby gives assurance \h:'. l:.
 v.-J] now ind hsieafier taxs aJ) necessary measures to effectuate this agreement.                                                 j

 'f'any, je-sj pioperty or slruciure thereon is provided or improved with the aid of financial assistance extended 10 the Assuici by
 EPA, this Assurance obligates the Assuror, 01, in the case of any transfer of such property, an}-  transferee for the period durinc
 -vhich the real property or structure is used for  a purpose involving the provisions of similar services or benefits. If any personal
 pioperty is  so provided, this Assurance obligates the Assuror  for the period during which ii retains ownership 01 possession of the
 property. In all other  cases, this Assurance obligates the Assuror for  the period during which the financial assistance is extended  10
 It by EPA.                              -                                 •  '-~

: THE ASSURANCE is given  in  consideration  of and  for the purpose of obtaining any and aJI FL-deraJ ctants,  loans, contracts,
 -joperty  discounts or other  financial assistance extended  after the  date heieof to  the  Assuior by EPA including installment
 payments after such date on account  of arrangements for Federal financial assistance  which were  approved befote  such date. The
         recognizes and arices  that, such FederaJ financial assistance will be  extended in reliance on  the  icpreseniHiiohs and
          s  made in this Assurance and that the L'niied S'.ates shaJ! reserve the right to seek judicial cnfoict-meni of this Assurance.
 This Assurance  is binding on ihc  Assuror, its successors, transferees, and ajsicnees: and  the person  or persons whose signature
 ippcar below are authorized to sign this Assurance on behalf of the Assuror.

 Trie obligations assumed- by the Assuror hereurider are in addition to any obligations which may bf imposed on the Assuior by any
Lpp!ic2ble regulation now  oxitstartdJng or which may hereafiei be auopied by EPA 10 effectuate  any provisioi'i or toal of the said
| Title VJ and  aJI  applicable requirements of the  said Srciion J3. and no part  of this Ass-uiancc shall  be itad  so as 10 in any
 jcuact from or modify any obligation which may be imposed on the  Aisuior by any such regulation standing 
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' •
- ' ! '. * " •-• '('• ' "' '••-•;' . "' '.'"' •• • •
' '' .' , . .-•"• V !'?•'• " "• :^?:-;l^: '•&"' ' '• .'}•''
• -. '• - • , '' .• ' . • • v •••'•". ": '""• •••'•.;..< /.'^fc--^ •/',- :. • '. .V:\,
. i •• 205(g) Funding Projection ~ -Construction Grants
••*.'".'" "* •' *>
'- :-": v.;r:. •;>J.;" «: -';. - -^Nl-^f
.r..:7r ./. ;.'•"•'' .K;;:~ " " "N* "* Grant Reserved from
;'• Date '.'•• Description -_" Amount al location -
:UlO-l-77 Reserve for FFY 78 " " " -/~ $400,000 ;;
•"•10-1-78 Reserve for FFY 79 414,180 ,
••' •"•"•-12-7-78 CMA .grant for SFY 79-80 . "245,349 - '. "5 ,?v
..10-1-79 ; Reserve for FFY* 80 •" =' — .:' ".- \- '-'• •• 400,000u;
10-1-79- FFY 78 Carry-over -154,651UJ
7-1-80 CMA grant SFY. 81 (est.) 200,000 {?}
10-1-80 Reserve. -for FFY 81 ,n 400, OOQ1^
10-1-80 FFY- 79. Carry-over ~214,180u; .
7-1-81 CMA grant SFY 82 (est.) 250,000 m
10-1-81 Reserve for FFY 82 m 400,000u;
10-1-81 FFY 80 Carry-over : ..150,000u;
7-1-82 CHA grant for SFY 83 (est.) 250, 000 m
10-1-82 FFY 81 Carry-over 150,000u; .
• -.--:• <:..,-:" --• ' - . •-•Vi---,.-. •.-:•.-,•;•. ' .\---~ - - .. " • •

-. . /^» . • • . .;.-. ••;:• . . •..•;-.—.••;-..•;...•.. '• • •
v ' If carry-over funds are not obligated by the dates shown, they
to reallotment. * " . ' -. . \J-'-.-'- •'*•'• - "••v-- •:•:•. -
. . • ' • ":.";v :..••--• =.• -v^v-;; '•:':;•; . ";. .
^ ' These and subsequent allocations are subject to congressional
however if any funds are allocated at all a minimum of $400,00
reserved for,205{g)/ . •,:. _-.-_ / .:.
^ •••:- ' : . - :^(l--^v:/-; -. " //
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Balance
$400,000
814,180
:' 568,831
' 968,831
814,180
614,180
1,014,180
- 800,000
550,000
950,000
800,000
550,000
. , 400,000



are subject


appropriation
0 will be
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^
B
—
Form 5700-31
L
Ul
55

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Form Approved
OMB No. 158-RQ11Q
SECTION B - SCHEDULE B - BUDGET CATEGORIES
6, Program Elements
WQM Section
b- MSTA Section
c> SCRO
Mon/Lab Support
e.
f.
9-
h- i
i. Total Program Elements
j. STATE TOTAL
FUNDING
ID FEDERAL
S
110,600
20,000
49,400
45,000




$ 225,000
$
(2) NON-FEDERAL
S
1




'

S
S
(31 TOTAL
110,600
20,000
49,400
45,000



f
S 225,000
$
(4)
MAW-
S' EARS
2.2
0.4
1.0
0.9




4.5


1
1
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EPA Form 5700.33 (R.v. 7-76)
                                                          56
                                                                                                                  PAGE 8 OP 12
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                                                                PART. II   '

                                                 PROJECT APPROVAL INFORMATION
                                                                                                       form Approved
                                                                                                  OM8 No.  158-RQ1W
          Item 1,
          Does this assistance request State, local, regional, or other priority
          rating?    -'
                                                              Name of Governing Body .
                                                              Priority Rating ___^^
                                                  _Yes
                                                               No
          Iwm 2.               .
          Does this assistance request require State, or local advisory, educa-
          tional or health clearances?
                                                           X
                                                              Name at Agency or
                                                                Board ^^^_____
                                                  -Yes
                                                               No     (Attach Documentation)
          Item 3,
          Does this assistance request require clearinghouse review in accord-
          ance vviih OM3 Circular A-95?
                                             JL_ Yes
                                                     .No
                                                              (Attach comments)  Draft  work plan will be submitted
                                                               to Clearing  House  in  near  future.  Comments  fro|i
                                                               Clearing  House  will be forwarded to EPA  upon
          Itsm 4.          .
          Does- this assistance request require State, local, regional or other
          planning approval?
                                                               receipt.	

                                                              Name of Approving Agency.
                                                              _         ¥   *!* "^
                                                              Date	1	
                                        .Yes
                                                             .No
Item 5.                     •
Is the proposed  project covered  by an approved  comprehensive
plan?
                                        , Yes
                                                             .No
Check one:  State    O
           Local    O
           Regional D
Location of Plan _
itsm 6.
Will .the assistance requested serve a federal installation?
                                         Yes
                                                             No
                                                                     Name of Federal in«an=»inn    All  federal  agencies
                                                                     Federal Population benefiting from Project ^—__^___^^^_
Item 7.
Will the assistance requested be on Federal land or-installation?


                                _X_Yes  	
                                                            .No
                                                                     Name of Federal Installation .
                                                                     Location of Federal Land	
                                                                     Percent of Project    oyoc
                              All  federal  agencies
                              Alaska	
                                 ahfMit- 7SS	
Item 8.                     •
Will  the  assistance- requested  have  an  impact  or  effect  on the
environment?
                                        .Yes
                                                            .No
                                                                     See instructions for additional information to be provided.
                                                                     Beneficial  effect because  of  reduced
                                                                     water  pollution
Item 9,
Has  the project for which assistance is requested caused, since
January 1,  1971, or will it cause, the displacement of any individual,
family, business, or farm?
                                                                     Number of:
                                                                       Individuals.
                                                                       Families	
                                                                       Businesses.
                                                                       Fartm
                                        .Yes
                                                            .No
Item 10.
Is  there  other related assistance on this project, previous, ponding,
or anticipated?
                                   _X	Yes
                                                            .No
See instructions for additional information to be provided,

           {.see  supplementary  sheet)
Itam 11.
Is project in e Designated Flood Hazard Area?
                                        -Yes
                                                     .No
EPA FMI* 3700-33 (R.*. 7-76)
                                                                                                          PACE S OF 12
                                                             57

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                     Supplementary  Sheet
Part II Item  10



Is there other related assistance  on  this project previous,  pending
or anticipated?


Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation has  received and is
receiving financial assistance  from EPA  for  the Water  Pollution  Control
Program.       .


Section 106 Program Grants


FFY 80 grant  is $148,000.  Anticipated FFY 81 grant  is $148,000.

              *                                             t

Secion 205 State Management Assistance Grant (SMAG) '


In FFY 80, the Department applied  for and received $289,600.  This  included
the remaining $154,651. of the  FFY 78 205(g) Grant and $134,949  from the
FFY 79 allocation.  The Department anticipates the SFY 81 205(g)  grant ap-
plication to include $96,000, the  remaining  amount of  the FFY 79  grant and
$129,000 from the FFY 80 Grant, or a total of $225,000.



Section 208 Water Quality Management and Planning Grant


Previous 208 grants have been $596,000. in May, 1976,  $220,000,  in
May, 1978, $79,000. in March 1979,  $430,000. in June 1979, $570,000.  '
in August.1979.  The 1980 Grant was $442,655. and the  1981 grant  ap-
plication is for $725,000.



Construction Grants, Section 205(g)


The SFY 1980 grant was $245,349.   The grant  application for  SFY  81  is
for .$231.885.              .
                                 58
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1
ISMAG Funds

(100% Federal)
• Organizatic-SLl Funding Distribution for SFY Si
1
1 Organization ! .
Water Quality Management Secti.pn
1
1-
, . -
Management and •
• Technical Assistance Section -,
South Central Regional
_ Off-ice
• Monitoring and
Laboratory Support • "
1
:

Code *
• 200
300
400

100

100
/
100
200
300
400



K$
8.1
100.3
2.2

20.0
-
49.4

6.7
4.9
23.1
10.3


r
KS

110.6
' *
20'. 0

49.4

45.0
225.0 	 '
         *Codes:   100 Personnel,  200 Travel, 300 Contractual, 400 Commodities, 500 Equipment
I



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59

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                                  STATE AND LOCAL NONCONSTRUCT10N PROGRAMS
                                                                                               OU9 taemm Ha. iOJXJlW
               FEDERAL ASSISTANCE
         i. nn
          Of  :
          ACTION
         tMtrt "tf.
         bail
'  Q
  fl
  a NOTinCATION OF [NTCNT (OetJ
  Q K?0»T OF FEDCUl XCTION
           CANT'S
           Ami.
           CATION
                                                        «. NUMMR
                                                        k. OAH
      Yrar mom*  fat
    ,.80 9   12
3. 5TAK
  AfTO-
  CATION
  IOENTI.
  ftfl-
                                                                                   .. MUMMt
                                               ">«•(*
        •4. LECA4. AmiCANT/RECJMfNT.
        k. On»»li««ii UfH

        c. J*Mt/F.O. IM-
                   (Ntmt •
         Dept.  of  Environmental  Conservation
         Water  Quality  Management Section
         Poucn  0
         Juneau             «.c«»«r .
         Alaska             ..wo-.   99311
         Sob  Martin     .'   465-2644
        7. Trnz AND oEscwrrtoN of AmiCAurs
           Mirror Lake  (Alaska) Phase 1   Diagnostic/feasi-
           Study  under  Section  314  (PL-92-500)          bilitj
           Clean  Lakes  Grant Program
                                                                          J. f tOf«Al SMftOYH IOENTINCATION NO.
                                      CUM

                                      (From-
                                      fair rat
                                      Caalotl
                                                                                   ,. NUMMI-
                                                             isld-U!
                                                                                     Clean  Lakes  Program
                                                                          ». TYPf Of AmX>NT/*KJMNT
                                                                                             Z*ur ipfntmu Ittur
                                                                                          ixl
                                                                          ?. TYPt Of ASSISTANCE
        10. A«{A Of MOJECT IMPACT /tVom« a/flrm
                             Siaitf-aeJ
          Anchorage  Borough,  f'tat-Su  Borough
                   II. ESTIMATED NUM.
                      BEX Of PERSONS
                     •BENEFITING
        13.
                MOfOSID FUNDING
        «. ITAtl
          IOCAI
         •. omit
         f.   TOTAL  (
                  »  inn.nnrs
   67,180
                                 .00
                                    U. COHGKESSIONAl OISTHICTS Oft
                                      Alaska
14. «OJEO START
  OATE
                                               J	L
                  I a. ESTIMATED OAT! TO
                     IE SUBMITTED TO
                     piatm AGENCY M
                                         Alaska
17. PROJECT
  DURATION
                                                           Ytar maul*
                                                                ..q.  1?
                                                        12. TY« OF ApfUCAFION
                                                        A.— N«v   C—
                                                                            f—
                                                                            Eiatr tptntriau lattri AJ
                                      IS. TY« Of CHANCE f/V /7 c »•• /2 «/

                                      A— IMTMW CMIOT   r—
                                      t—
                                      C- I

                                                                                              £»»/• aapre.
                                                                                              ;/uw Irlttrii)
                                      19. EXISTING FEOEIAt. lOENHflCATION NUMM*

                                      	M/A	
        20. f EOERAl AGENCY TO *EC£1VE itEQUEST (Nanu. City, Suit. Zlf calif
           EPA Region  X.  Seattle  Washington  98101
                                                                                         11. tfMAMCS AOOE9
        27.
        THE
        AmiCANT
        CUTIflES
        THAT *•
        CEITIFYINC
        *Ef«E.
        StNTATIVi
                                                                                                ,V0 nf-
                                                                               a
                                                                               a
                                                                       a
                                                                       a
                                                                       a
                  «. nrno NAMC AMO riru
 Ernst.W. Mueller,  rammissiorjer
 Alaska Dept.  of  EnvironmentkJf: _
                                                                                         . 3ATE SMMCD
        24. AGENCY NAME
                      cons e cya-&rrjn,	
                                                                                         22. AfTUCA'  far mantu ar
                                                                                           rtON
                                                                                           RECEIVED If
        26. OUGANIZADONAl UNIT
                                                         . ADMINISTRATIVE OfFICJ
                                                                                         28.
                                                                                           lOENTIflCATION
        29. AOOKtSi
                                                                       JO. FEOEKAl GZANT
                                                                         IDENTIftCATION
        31. ACTION TACEN

        C a. AWAHOCD

        Q k. «EJfCTED

        C e. KTUXNCD >O«

            AMENDMENT

        Q J. DEfEIDEO '

        Q .. WITHDRAWN
                         32.
                                    fUNOINO
       k. A/fUCAHT
                                   .00
                                                                                    • day
                                      33. ACTION OATE »•
                                                        If
                                                                       34.
                                                                       STARTING
                                   .00 j 33. CONTACT FOR ADDITIONAL INFOftMA-
                                     I  . T1ON INamt and tt/tefio/ir iumerr>
                                   .00 I
                                                    U.
                                                    ENDING
                                                    DATE
                                                                                 Ytar month
                                                                               I»
       d. 100.1
       .. OtHfl
                              TOTAl
                                                    37.- «EMARJCS ADDED

                                                      GTM  DM.
         31.

         FEDERAL AGENCY
                           Cicufav *-'J. » WM w 'i tatnf i
                                                1, OMt
                                                         /.Vdmr affrf ttJtpiio** «a/
                                                                                       STAMOAMO FOfltt 414 f tCt I !«•» «771
SPA Faem S700-33 (Rir. 10-79)
                                                                                                                  12
                                                        61

-------
V

•i
                                                                  PART II

                                                  PROJECT APPROVAL INFORMATION
                                                      Form Approved
                                                QMB-No. 153-rtOUO
      Item 1.                     -
      Does this assistance request State, local, regional, or other  priority
      rating?
         Name of Governing Body
         Priority Hating   •
                                                  -Yes
      Item 2.
      Does this assistance request require State, or local advisory, educa-
      tional or health clearances?
         Name of Agency or
           Board	
                                                _Yes
          (Attach Documentation!
      Item 3.

      Does this assistance request require clearinghouse review ,in accord-
      ance with OMB Circular A-95?
          (Attach Comments)
                                                  , Yes
-NO       Now  in  progress
      Item 4.    •         2 £        •      . • ;     .-;. -  _
      Does  this assistance request require State, local, regional or other
      planning  approval?
             .     _-        .
          Name of Approving Agency.
                                                  ,Yes
JMo
      Item 5_
      is the proposed  project covered by  an approved  comprehensive
      oian?
                                                   Yas
                                                                . No
          Check one:  'State     ®
                      Local   .  D  .
                      Regional  Q
          Location of Plan  AlaSka-OJ vl S JOtl  Of  Park.S.
      Itam 6.              -  •
      Will the assistance requested serve a Federal installation?
                                                  . Yes      X    NO
          Name of Federal
          Federal Population benefiting from Project
      Item 7.
      Will the assistance requested be on Federal land or installation?
                                                  _Yes
          Name of Federal Installation
          Location of Federal Land __
          Percent of Project         ..
.No
      Item 3,                ."    .                  •             ,
      Will  the assistance requested have  an imoact  or  effect on  the
      environment.'

                                                            X
          See instructions for additional information  ;o be arovided.
                                                  .Yes
.No
       Item 9.
       Has the protect  for which  assistance is requested  caused, since
       January 1,  1971, or will it,cause, the displacement of any individual,
       family, business, or  farm?
          Number of:
           Individuals.
           Families	
           Businesses.
           Farms	
                                                  .Yes
                                                                , No
       Item  10.
       is mare other  related  assistance on 'this project  previous, pending,
       or anticipated?
          Sea instructions for additional information  to be provided.
                                                  .Yes
                                                                .No
       Is project in a Designated Flood Hazard Area?
                                                  -Yes
                                                                .No
      EPA
                5700-33 <*•», 10-;?!
                                                                    62
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                                                          63

-------
                                                                                Form Approved
                                                                            OMB No. I53-R0110
SECTION 3 -SCHEDULE B- BUDGET CATEGORIES -
6. Program Elements
314 Clean Lakes Grant
4- Survey/Moni tori ng
b- Mode 1 s / Feas i b 11 i ty
'•Public Participation
^-Report/Management
i
*' (See Attachment 8 for
f mi ies tones included in
each program -element)
9-
h. • -
i. Total Program Elements
j. STATETOTAL
FUNDING jj-| )0QQ)
(1) FEDERAL
S- 70.99
15.82
•1.47
11.72

- .


s 100.00
s
(2) NON-FEDERAL *
s . 26.88 . '
23.50
5.94
10.86 '/"•

* ~' ~ •*"..—


3 . 67.18.
(3) TOTAL
3 97,37-
39.32
7.41
'22.58
• '
* .- *


3 167.18
i '
3 67.18- • 1s 67.18
(4)
MAN-
YEARS







i


  *  Non-Federal  Portion to be obtained, through agreement for  in-kind match and funding
    with:  Division of Parks  (Department of Natural Resources),  Division of Sport Fish,
-  Division of Fisheries-,-''Rehabilitation, Enhancement and Development, (Department of
    Fish  and Game). Biology  Department (University of Alaska, Anchorage)
SPA Form 5700-23 (R.v. 10-79)
64
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                                                                       65

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                    Attachment A to EPA Form 5700-33

                       Mirror Lake.Phase 1  Project_

                    ADEC ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS (Si,OOP)
Travel  -   2  trips  Juneau-Anchorage'O 0.25        •     0.50
 '*'","'    .  3  days  perdiem @ 0.06                       0.18

 Personnel  -  to  oversee Mirror Lake'Cooperative
             Agreement through substate agreement

             -1/2  month Ecologist I @ 2.68 (w/fringe) 1.34-
      ? -    -1/4  month Cl.erk Typist III..-0-1.61. - „
        r     (w/fringe) ""'"  "           .-  --•— ..- -  ^Q
 Total
2.42
 Requesting  2.40 for ADEC Administrative costs to be allocated equally  to
 each  of the 4 program elements.
                                   66
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                   Attachment 8 to EPA- Form 5700-33.

                      Mirror Lake Phase 1 Project

             Milestones Included in each Program element
Program Element     Funding ($1,000)
                  Federal     Non-Federal
Survey/Monitoring  70.39
26,88
Models/Feasibility 15.82
 23.50
Public Participation
                     1.47
  5.94
Report.Management    11.72      10.36
               Milestones (# from Narrative Table 3}
 7.
 9.
13.
14.
15.
17.
18.
19.
.20,'
21.'
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29,
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.

'16.
39.
40.
41.
42.
 Employment of--research assistants
.Preliminary bathymetric survey
 Preliminary fishery survey
 Preliminary hydrologic survey
 Preliminary geologic survey
 Water sampling
 Analyze water samples
 Plankton sampling
 -Ana-lyze. plankton samples .    •  .
~'Q".0.' sampling
 Water temperature- data collection
 Meterology data collection
 Sediment core sampling
 Sediment core analyses
 Bacterial sampling
 Analyze bacterial samples
 Parasite sampling
 Analyze parasite samples
 Benthic biota sampling
 Analyze benthic biota samples
 Bottom.sediment samples
 Analyze sediment samples  •
 Fish disease survey
 Limnology survey
 Aerial photographic survey
 Photogramic analyses
 Watershed mapping

 Computer programming
 Data evaluation
 Select preliminary'alternatives
 Evaluate alternatives
 Select final alternative
 47.  Chugach  Park Advisory  Soard
     briefings
 48  User  survey
 49.  Public, input,  diagnostic  report
 50.  Public  input,'feasibility report

  1.  Prepare  research  grant request
                                       67

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      2.  Grant approval and funding
     • 3.  Funding received
      4.  Order equipment
      5.  Equipment receipt
      6.  Select graduate research assistant
      8.  Experimental design
     10.-  Literature search
     11.  Prepare chemistry contract
     12.  Award chemistry contract
     43.  Progress report
     44.  Preliminary diagnostic report
          preparation
     45.  Preliminary feasibility report
          preparation
     46.  Project management reviews
     51.  Revise and combine reports
     52.  Print final report
     53.  Distribute final report
     54.  Prepare Phase  II grant request
68

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I
       "     •              MIRROR LAKE  (ALASKA)  DIAGONOSTIC FEASIBIIITY STUDY
•
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             BACKGROUND
                                        PART  IV  NARRATIVE  STATEMENT

I

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             The legal name of  this  lake  is.  Mirror Lake.   It. is located about 25 miles
•       '   --northeast -of Anchorage. at  Mile  25  on the -Glenn. Highway,  at latitude 6l°.-26'N
                  ->, _-'-.'-
•           longitude 149°-25'W, T15N  R1W S2,  3  and T16N R1W S35 (Figure 1 and 2).   It is
             accessible- by automobile and light aircraft.  'Federal LWCF funds used for  park
•           facilities here ensure  recreational  use of this lake in perpetuity.
^^                      •-      -•       -*.              .  •  , -

|           Mirror Lake is a small, 23.3 hectares (53.8  acres),  shallow (maximum depth
                                                                   3
•           2.74 m, mean depth 1.65 m),.with a volume of 378.4 km  (306.7 acre ft.)
             according1 to Alaska Department  of  Fish and Game data (Laka Survey Summary,
•           Mirror Lake, undated) and  planimetery analyses  of aerial photographs.  Water
             quality has been steadily  deteriorating. in recent years according to local
|  •         residents and various government officials.   Where once clear and clean,  this
M  •         system now suffers from" a  high  turbidity,  algal blooms,  and. reports of cer-
             carial dermatitis  (swimmer's itch).   But ia  spite, of decreasing environmental
•           quality of the lake, recreational  usage has  increased significantly.  This
             increase may reflect the need for  recreational  lake sites within the proximity
I  .         of the greater Anchorage- bowl.  -Mirror Lake  is  the only state-owned recreational
_           lake within 80 km  with  a developed wayside and  campground.  The facilities
™           have been upgraded (1930)  to accommodate the increased usage (Figure 3).
I  .       .  Figures  4 ,and 5 are May 1977 aerial  photographs- of the lake area.  Figure  6 is
             the only known bathemetric map  of  Mirror Lake.

I
                                                   69

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 This  recreational area receives heavy use.   Over 66,000 visitors were recorded


 in the park during the months of May through July, 1980.  This usage has been


 increasing in recent years and may be a reflection of both, a growing


 population in the Anchorage area and the energy crisis.  Mirror Lake is a


 favorite destination for bicyclists on day trips from Anchorage.


 Additionally,  the Boy Scouts of America owns, and operates a summer camp on one


 portion of the shore which accommodates about 700 youth annually.  This camp
      i .•* '•'
 is being used this summer to train 100 native youths in swimming in a program


 sponsored by a native corporation.  The remainder of the shoreline is


 privately owned.


          •* -H"         • •    .'•''.: -' -         -.'--•' ~ •'-- ,/•  -          ?  -  '  •    '  -"

 The cause of the  deterioration in water quality is unknown but is suspected to


 be associated with nutrient enrichment emrainating from non-point septic system


 and highway drainage sources.  The only known water quality data are contained


 in Table 1:  Recent coliform tests were taken at six locations and found to be


 positive with total counts of. 33-170 and fecal counts of 9-33.




 Concern over water quality degradation in this lake has been a matter of local


 concern for several years.  Records show that as far back as 1973 residents


 were concerned about the depleted fishing in this system.•  At a recent


 (April 1980) meeting of the Chugach State Park Advisory Board, numerous


 citizens requested the closure of the lake to motorboating and that measures


 be taken to prevent the owners of trailered boats frora dumping their bilges


 into the lake.  Both of these actions were taken by the Director of Parks in


 1980.  However-, the lake continues to be less than acceptable from a


 recreational standpoint.




 Reports of swimmer's itch have been growing sinca 1973.  This condition has


-not,  however,  been verified.  If present, this situation represents a minor

                                      70
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         ;  public health factor.





           Public Safety is involved in  this  lake  since  the high,  turbidity would make


           rescues of drowned persons considerably more  difficult than would  a  clear lake


           system. 'Waterfront activities such as  swimming, boating,  and  fishing are


           primary uses of Mirror Lake.'  Considerable  snowmachine activity and  some: ice


          " skating;; takes place on* the lake during  the  winter months.  A swimming beach


           has been established, on the state  park  property and,, as previously mentioned,


           swimming activities are a" functional part of  the Boy Scout. program at their.


          . camp.  .The Scouting program includes a  mile swim around the lake.  Reports
                     *^ *"-                *             *"«•••,'**.,-'              ••*„•-•,

           from- local Boy Scout officials indicate that  la~rge quantities  of sand and


           gravel were dumped into the Boy Scout beach area approximately 20  to 25  years


           ago.  Preliminary probes to find this gravel  have been unsuccessful, but, when


      J  .  detected, this layer of material will serve as an excellent indicator of .the-

                                                                          -          ' ';,
           siltation rate within the. lake.  Figura 4 is-  an aerial photograph  -of Mirror


           Lake showing the- camping area 'and  the Boy Scout camp while Figure  5  are- the


           recorded depths within the lake as reported by the Alaska  Department of  Fish


           and Game (date- of these data  is unknown) '.





           The Sport Fish Division, .Alaska Department  of Fish -and Game,, has stocked this


           lake with three species, of fish over the past years.   Table 2  contains  the


|       - stocking records of the lake  for coho salmon  (Qncorhynchus kisutch)  rainbow


•         trout (Salmo gairdneri) , and'  Arctic, grayling  (Thymallus arcticus) .   The  lake


           is. characteristic of a winter kill situation  because of its shallow  depth and
•
I
           the low winter temperatures.  Mirror Lake in  19SO was  stocked  with  1,000  coho


           salmon (2/lb, 30.5 cm S.L.).  The Sport Fish  Division  plans  to conduct a


           stocking program of either Arctic grayling  or coho  salmon- once the  lake has
                                                 71

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been restored.  Approximately 200,000 grayling would be  stocked  annually  in


this lake (pers. comm, R. Reddick, August  15, 1980)..  'Stocking levels  of  coho


salmon have yet to be determined.  Appendix C is the stocking record for


Mirror Lake.




                         *                                           *)
The watershed area draining to Mirror Lake is approximately 3.64 km , -of. which


44%,-is uninhabited mountainous" terrain. . There are no  streams directly feeding
     - JS -

this- lake, but a spring is located in the  Scout Camp on  the east shore of the


lake.  A small drainage stream passes out  of the.northwest  area  of  the. lake


under the Glenn Highway and thence into the Knik Arm of  Cook Inlet  (Figures  4


and 5).  The remaining watershed  surrounds"•a"nd''
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            Ground  Water  for  Land  Use Planning in the Eagle River-Chugiak Area, Alaska,


            USCS  Open  Fice  Report  74-57,  1974).




            The laice is bounded on the west,  south, and northwest which includes the lake


            outlet  by  the Clam Gulch Series  (CraB) (Figure.7).   This series is  described  as


            fine-silty,-mixed, monacial  humic soils which are  poorly drained.  These soils


            are "typically formed in. alluvium  on fl'oodplains and in glacial morraines.
            At  the  north  end  of  the  lake  there  is  a  small portion of Salamatof Series  (Sa)


            which consists  of very poorly drained  soils  of deep fibrous peat.  _This  series .


            is.  found  in nearly level mus£eg "in  depression £h'morraines.  Adjacent to tha


            Salamatof Series  is  a  small portion of Purches Series.   These soils vary in


            drainage.  They occur  in slight depressions  on glacial morraines  and on  muskeg


            borders.   Along the  eastern edge  of the  lake and bordering outlet soils  on the


          .  west, the  Homestead Series (HSEE & HOB) occurs..  This soil is characterized as

_         .excessively drained  to well drained over gravelly till.  These.soils are


            typically found on rolling morraines.



I
            In  general.the  soils found in the vicinity of Mirror Lake are those- typical of


|          glacial morraines.   The  wetter poorly  drained areas are- characterized by


^          sphagnum  moss,  sedges, and black  spruce".   The better drained areas are covered

™          with paper-birch  and white spruce.   (Ref.:   Volume 7,  Soils of the Anchorage


I          Area Final Report, Metropolitan Anchorage  Urban Study,  Alaska District,  Corps
            of  Engineers/USGS  1979.)




            The major pollution  sources  to  Mirror Lake  are  non-point sources.   These


            include:   highway  drainage,  runoff from forest  lands,  wetlands drainage, lawn
                                                 73

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and garden fertilizers, septic tank leachate, percipitation and historically


deposited bottom sediments.  The relative (or even total) contributions of


these sources have not been, determined.




While there is considerable public interest in the restoration, of Mirror Lake,


no funds have been appropriated specifically for this purpose.  Phase  I of  the


project proposed herein consists of a diagnostic study which, will be conducted
     *• -t*:T
during"the first 12 months, of the 13 month period of investigation.  Informa-


tion and data to be gathered during the period will include limnological,


morphological, biological, chemical, demographic, socio-economic, ineteorgical,


and other,.pertinent characteristics of the, :la'ke:. and ..its watershed. .'Also-   •  . •


included in Phase I of the project will be a feasibility study which will

attempt to:




     1)   Analyze the diagnostic information to define methods and procedures


          for controlling  the sources of pollution;


     2)   determine- the most energy and cost effective procedure to improve


          the quality of the lake;


     3)   develop a technical plan and milestone schedule for implementing


          pollution control measures and in-lake restoration procedures; and


     4)   if necessary, conducting pilot scale evaluations.




As presently envisioned, this will be a joint State agency study involving


five organizations:




     Division of Parks, Department of Natural Resources -
                                     74
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                       Lead  agency  directing  the  data- collection,  study  design and
                        evaluation,  data  analysis  and  determining  the  raost. energy and  cost
 I                      efficient method  of  restoring  the  lake.

 |            .    Division, of  Sport Fisheries,  Department of Fish, and Game -
 •               "       Responsible  for collecting sport fish species  from the  lake,
 ™                j. .^''determining  fish  population'densities, and evaluating the future  of

 I
sport fishing programs' in the lake.
 g                Division  of Fisheries,  Rehabilitation,. Enhancement,  and Development, '
 _                Department of Fish  and  Gains  -
 ™                     Responsible  for  fish  pathology  and providing  consultation  services
of their limnologist.
 •                University  of"Alaska,  Anchorage,  Biology Department  -
    .                    Select two  graduate  students to  serve  as  research assistants,
 •                      provide consulting, services  in limnology  and  ecology.  .

 I
                        NOTE:.   The  UAA  has just  started  a M.A.  program  in biology  this  year.
 •                .    •  Dr. Baker,  principal investigator,  will serve as an adjunct
                        professor at  the. UAA and as  the  Committee Chairman for these  two
.•                      Masters Degree  candidates.   This approach will  proportedly negate
 •            '          university  overhead  requirements (52%), provide an opportunity  for
                        graduate candidates,  and maintain maximum control of the investigation.
 I

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     Department of Environmental Conservation  -                           . '


          State coordinator for all environmental projects  and will provide


          technical advice as necessary.





It should be noted that the immediate area of  this  lake  system which includes


the. towns of Eagle River, Chugiak,'and Peters  Creek,  is  essentially a
     * **?, -~
    •>. ,;-• '•
community of low income and retired people.  Recent economic  situations


(recession) have emphasized the importance of  this  recreation area for these


people.
                                     76


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                                  SCOPE OF WORK

 STUDY OBJECTIVES

 The objectives of the diagnostic study will be to identify and determine the
•magnitude..of present pollution sources- (primarily phosphorus and nitrogen),  to
 systematically relate these pollutants to measured physical.,-trace onetai,
 other chemical and biological characteristics of the lake, and to assess the
 impact of these and alternative lake characteristics on the lake uses and user
 populations'.'  Specific components of this study "are" illustrated in fable 3). .
 The objectives of the feasibility study will be- to identify alternative
 control (restoration) strategies applicable to present turbidity, eutroph-
 ication,  and public health problems in Mirror Lake, to formulate benefit-cost
 ratios for these alternatives;  and to determine the extent of controls or
 combination of strategies necessary and sufficient, to restore the physical,
 chemical, and biological integrity of the lake within pubically acceptable
 costs, environmental, and socio-economic considerations so as to provide a
 recreational opportunity of reasonable quality.  Specific components of this
 portion of .the study are also illustrated in Table 3.  Procedures and methods
 which will be used in the conduct of this investigation are described below.
 Major, equipment lists and justifications are contained in Appendix A and B.

 LIMNOLOGY  '

 Bathymetrics:   An accurate bathymetric survey of the lake will be made
 utilizing the Bendex self-recording fathorrstar provided by the Alaska
                                                 77

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                                                                           10
Department of Fish and Game..  Existing data are suspect because they lack
dates of collection.and information on the methodology employed for the
survey.  Bathymetric data will include the surface area, maximum depth, mean
depth, shoreline development, and other appropriate, parameters.  A series of
bathymetric maps will be made at various scales to depict this aspect of the
system.
     < J"? .•"                                                   .
Bottom Sediments:  Bottom sediment core samples will be collected and .analyzed
for phosphorus, nitrogen, heavy metals, trace elements, and persistent syn-
thetic organic chemicals as appropriate.  All analyses will be performed
utilizing EPA methods or those contained in Standard Methods.

Hydraulic Residence Time:  The hydraulic residence time of the lake will be .  '
determined utilizing submerged float bottles and florasene techniques.  The
lake's hydrology will be studied'in detail including meteorology and evapora-
tion..  '

Temperature:  Temperature will be recorded' utilizing two techniques.  Ryan
J-180  recording thermographs will be placed at six stations within the lake.
These-  thermographs will record hourly ternperature on a daily basis throughout
the. entire twelve month study.  Vertical temperature data will be collected at
these  same six stations and at other locations within the lake employing a
Yallow Springs 57 BO/teraperature meter in order to determine if a hypolimnion
exists and becomes anaerobic at any time, and if so, for how long and over
what extent of the bottom.
                                     78
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 WATER CHEMISTRY


 Total insoluabla. reactive phosphorus, nitrite, nitrate, araraonia, and organic


 nitrogen concentrations will be determined for the lake throughout the study


 period.   Chlorophyll 'a values will be measured at least ia the upper mixing


.zone.   Because of the shallow nature of this lake, determinations of chloro-


 phyll a. may be made throughout the depth of the lake.  Representative alka-


 linities; .will be determined.  Algal assay, bottle tests will not be employed.
      -, js* •*

 Total JT:P ratios will be used to define the- limiting'growth, nutrient.  Water


 samples  will be.collected for analysis of heavy metals and trace elements as


 depicted ia Table 2.  Employing EPA/Standard iletho'ds, ICA? techniques will be


 utilized for-trace metal determinations and g'asr'chroma tography  for organics.


 BOD and COD determinations will also be made using accepted methods •.  Ail


 laboratory analyses will be accomplished under contract to a commercial lab-


 oratory which is EPA certified for water quality analyses.  .Other parameters


 to be tested include TSS, TDS, color,'turbidity and pH profiles.  These along


 with  secchi.disc depth determinations will.be measured .^n situ.  Samples will


 be collected weekly during the three most-biologically" productive months of
                                                        ' .!,
 the year at all six stations with three replicates.-'-. Thereafter, samples will


 be 'collected monthly at these si:« stations with three replicates.  A total of


 373 samples for analyses are anticipated.





 BIOLOGY                 •     .    -





 Plankton:  Phytoplankton and zooplankton populations will be identified and


 cell  densities converted to cell ions as appropriate.' Benth'ic  algal popula-

                                 ,•*
 tions will also be determined at" these six sampling  stations and at various^
                                       79

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                                                                            12
locations throughout  the  lake.   Species  indices  will  be  developed  for  all


biological organisms  collected  in  the planktonic and  bentic portion  of the


study.  These  collections will  be  made at  the  same  tijne  and at  the same rate


of the aforementioned chemical  sampling  program.




Invertebrates  and  Zooparasites:  The lake  will be surveyed for  invertebrate


species.j. .especially those raollusks which, may contribute  to or be involved  ia
     •. .« -•

the reported:cercarial dermatitis  problem  with this lake.  Any  digenetic


trematodes discovered ia raollusks  from the lake  will  be  identified at  least to


the genus level.   Parasitized snail species will be cultured.   Permanent,


stained representative tnicroscop'e  slides will  b"e"p'rspa"red of any'schistosonial-like


parasites found in the mollusks.   The identification  of  the parasites  will be


verified by Dr. E. R.  Noble, University  of California, Santa Barbara.




Fish:  Fish populations will be  sampled  by the Alaska Department of  Fish and


Game, Division of,  Sport Fisheries.  At least 35  specimens of each  sport fish


species will be utilized-.to .determine' feeding  habits  and contamination with
                      •   .•    •
                    f"' • -
heavy metals and. synthetic organic chemicals.  Any  significant  infestation of


parasites will also be-analyzed  to determine if  there are any potential


anthropozocnoses.




Terrestrial Vertebrates:  Throughout the period  of  this  study,  observations


and recordings will be made of all avian and mammalian, species 'ia  and  around
                  • ,(•-_,

the lake shore area-.   -


                 '-'•"'


Populations S Distribution: .The distribution  of  all  biota including vascular


plants will be identified to species, and  vill be depicted in various  chart
                                     80
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            and model presentations.   Voiumetric determinations  of the biota will be aade
•          as appropriate.

I

|          Bacteriology;   Bacterial  analyses of fish flesh will be accomplished by the
            Alaska Department of'Fish and Game,  F.R.E.D.  Division, Pathology Laboratory..
•        - Bacteriological (coliform) determinations will be made at all of the sampiiag
                :?. _t--."
•          stations and at appropriate other locations  throughout the lake.  These will
            be. taken on the same sampling schedule as the water  quality and plankton
•          samples.
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            Ecology:  All of the data collected during this study period will be analyzed
            to determine existing ecological relationships.  All data will be analyzed
            employing automatic data processing techniques and a Lake Ecology Model
•          (LAKECO) will be developed for this system.   A detailed scale model of the
            lake, and surrounding shoreline areas of importance will be developed in order
|          to better understand the system and explain it to the public during the public
•         -involvement portion of this project.  Basic statistical techniques, and tests
            will be employed for the analysis and evaluation of all applicable data; e.g.
•          means and variances, Student's tests, chi-square tests, correlation coefficients,
            regression analyses, and analysis of variance.
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                                                                           14
FEASIBILITY STUDY


After appropriate data have been collected and analyzed, a feasibility study
will be conducted by a joint team of biologists and engineers to determine the
most appropriate alternative solutions for pollution control and lake restoration.
All alternatives considered will be documented.  Justification of the selected
alternative will be provided.  Discussion of these alternatives will include
the expected water quality improvement, tie technical feasibility of the'
project, and the estimated costs of each. -These discussions will also include '
detailed descriptions specifying exactly vhat activities would be undertaken
under each,rshowing how and' wa'afe these pro'cedu re's" would be lap lamented, and
illustrating the engineering specifications that would, be followed including
preliminary engineering drawings to show in detail the appropriate construc-
tion aspects, of the project.  Presentation of the quantitative analysis of the
pollution control effectiveness and the lake water quality improvement that is
anticipated will also be provided.  If any of the particular benefits antici-
pated would result in new public water uses, these too would be discussed.
Potential adverse impacts of any restoration program would also be included in
such a discussion.
                                     82
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             PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT


             Public- involvement will take on two forms.  First, citizens using the lake and
             park facilities will be surveyed in order to obtain user data and information
            • regarding historic aspects of the area and recreatioaal patterns.  Second, the
_           public will have the opportunity to learn the. results of the, investigation,
m      •  " and"lager,  before the. publication of the report, to be briefed on the proposed
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             restoration project so that they can make kaown, their opinions and desires in

             this regard.  Though the 'recommended approach to lake restoration may not be

             changed as a result of public input, such input will be included in the final
                       •if     '    '        -' . ..            .*' -»*  ,"••.-—              •'.-'-   '
             report.  Distribution of..the' final report will" include, file copies at local

             libraries as well as ones for the retention of specific interest groups.
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           .  The Alaska State Park System is divided into seven districts..  One of these,
I    -       the Chugach District, includes Mirror'-Lake as well as. the nearby state park
       .-      which is" nearly 500,000 acres.  The Chugach State Park Advisory Board was
•    . -      established', in. 1973 to. provide a forum for citizen input on recreational
•           matters 'within state park areas in the District.  This board meets monthly in
             Anchorage.   All board meetings are- open to.the1public and the minutes of each
             meeting are published -and available to any interested citizen.  Members of the
             Board are appointed by the Director of Parks upon nomination by private citizens,


             The Chugach State Park Advisory Board will, receive- periodic progress reports
 I
             on the investigation as well as. an initial project briering.  The Board will
 •           chair both of the aforementioned' public meetings which will be held at a
             location convenient to the majority of,the interested citizenry.
                                                  83

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                                                                           16
It should be noted that the public has already participated in at least one
such public discussion of the conditions at Mirror.Lake.  This was a primary
agenda item at the April, 1980 Board meeting.  As a result of public input and
recommendations, and after consultation with appropriate State agencies, the
Director of State Parks closed Mirror Lake to motorboating and directed certain
other measures be taken to prevent pollution; i.e. the dumping of the bilges
of trailered boats returning from .other recreational areas.
     -. ^! "•

A third, indirect means of public involvement will also be employed..  Appro-
priate press releases will be made during the course of the investigation
phase.  TEeS'e will be'accompanied by radio''a~nd~.TV"interviews if such can be
arranged in a timely manner.  A similar approach will be made with the various
media to ensure that the public is exposed to the restoration recommendations
prior to the public meeting.  Finally, draft copies of  the final report- will •.
be made available for public review prior to the last meeting.  A questionnaire
will be prepared and distributed to all participants to the final meeting.
The results of  these questionnaires will be  included in the final report and
retained on file at least until an approved  Phase II restoration project is
begun.
                                      84
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                        !J
TOTAL
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                                                                                 TA8LE  1
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                Table 2      .


        Trace Metals for Water
        and Fish Flesh Analyses
ELEMENT


Aluminum
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium-
Bismuth
Boron
Cadmium
Calcium
Cobalt
Copper •  ...
Chromium
Gold
Iron
Lead
Lithium
Magnesium
Manganese
 ELEMENT


 Mercury
 Molybdenum
 Nickel
 Phosphorus
 Platinum
 Potassium
 Selenium
 Silica
 Silver
 Sodium
. ,St£o.atium
 Sulfur
 Tin
 Titanium
 Tungsten
 Uranium
 Vanadium
 Zinc
 Zirconium
                   86
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                                     DRINKING WATER PROGRAM
M                  NARRATIVE 	 131
     FY 80 ACCOMPLISHMENTS	 135



GRANT	• 141



ANNUAL. WORK PLAN	•	145



MULTI-YEAR WORK PLAN 	 165
                                                129

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                  ALASKA'S WATER SUPPLY PROGRAM•FFY 81
 THE IMPORTANCE OF SAFE WATER.

Most people iwould like assurance that water" aval Table from public supplies
is safe to drink, but, 'producing safe water'requires ever Increasing
amounts of effort and money.

The consequences of not applying the resources needed to assure public ;-
supplies are safe can be catastrophic.   Out breaks of waterborne diseases
such as dysentary and hepatitis have occured in Alaska.  These diseases
can result in extreme discomfort, hospitalization and even death.
Besides the very visible consequences of waterborne disease outbreaks,
contaminated water can cause minor and frequently undetected health
problems, as well as cumulative adverse 'effects.

The appearance of water is important to consumers.  People sometimes
avoid, colored or cloudy water that is actually safe, and seek out water
that looks cleaner but is actually unsafe to consume.'  In addition,
standards of personal hygiene frequently are lowered when the only water
available looks'dirty.

Water supplies must be protected from a wide variety of chemicals.
Examples are arsenic, mercury and lead.   There is frequently no visable
evidence of contamination from these chemicals but they can-cause health
problems varying from minor irritations to death.

INTRODUCTION

The State of Alaska has supervised public water supplies since July of
1959.   The Department of Health and Social Services administered the
State Water Supply Program until 1971 when it was transferred to the
Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation (ADEC).

In 1974, the federal government adopted the Safe Drinking Water Act
(Public Law 93523) which establishes national minimum standards for
public water supplies.  The Act allows for each state to administer its
own water supply program, if state requirements are at least as stringent
as the national requirements.  If a state chooses not to have its own
program, the Environmental Protection Agency will enforce the national
law in that state.

The State has decided.to conduct the supervision of public water supplies
in Alaska, because of the extreme importance of this program to Alaskans,
and because the State can better understand and provide for the public
health needs of Alaska's citizens.

PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS                             '

The department maintains an inventory of the public water supply systems
in Alaska. Public supplies are grouped into three classes, based on the
number and type of consumers:
                                     131

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UNDERGROUND WATER SOURCE PROTECTION             .      r•'

In addition to supervision of public water systems, the Department will
initiate development of a comprehensive program to protect underground
sources of drinking water.  This program is in recognition of the importance
of maintaining the State's, groundwater quality.  This  program will
attempt to coordinate various programs within the Department as well as
those of other '.state and federal agencies which are directed at protecting
the groundwaters of the'State.     '      .           ......

Protection of groundwater is receiving increased-attention at the national
level.   The Safe Drinking Water Act, set the frame-work for protection
of ground water through central regulation of the well injection of
fluids  into under-ground sources of'drinking water.

Concurrent with the State's groundwater source protection program development,
EPA will begin implementation of its Underground Injection Control
program.  EPA will seek data on underground injection  facilities and
groundwater aquifers.
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                  WATER SUPPLY PROGRAM ACCOMPLISHMENTS

                               FOR FFY 80
INTRODUCTION
Funds available during FFY 80 included $544,900 from the.FFY 80 drinking
water grant, $187,752 carried over from'the FFY 79 drinking water grant,
$90,000 reallocation funds and State match.  During the  FFY 80 grant
period the Department spent $845,600 of which $631,11 were federal funds
and $214,500 were State matching funds.

A totl of $104,500 was spent on projects through contracts.  The remaining
funds supported 16.0 man-years of effort at an average cost of $46,300
per man-year including support costs.  Table 1 is a summary of the             . .
manpower and money allocations to various program elements.

Following is a discussion of activities in the various program elements.

ADMINISTRATION AND PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT.                   "

Administration and program development activities which were carried out
as planned were:

     (1)  A work plan for the Department's water supply program for
          FFY 81 was developed and incorporated into the 81 State/EPA
          Agreement.                                       '


                                 TABLE 1

                          WATER SUPPLY PROGRAM
              Expenditures Summary for FFY 80 Grant Period


Program Element                         Manpower                 Expenditure
                                   Planned        Actual       Planned     Actual

1.   Administrative & Program        1.5            1.5          69,300    -  69,500
     Development

2.   Surveillance & Technical         4.6     .       4.3        231,700     199,200
     Assistance

3.   Plan Review        '              1.2   .         1.0         55,400      46,300

4.   Laboratory Certification         2.0            2.2'     ,    99,400     127,400
     & Laboratory Capability

5.   Training and Operator            0.6            0.5         27,700      23,200
     Certification
                                     135

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6.    Enforcement

7.    Data Management

8.    Disease Surveillance

9.    Public Information

10.   Village Safe Water

11.   Construction Grants
3.5
1.4
0.3
0.5
1.2
0.5
17.5 man-
years
3.4
1.5
0.1
0.6
0.5
0.4
16.0 man-
years
161,700
129,600
57,900
34,600
55,400
23,100
$945,800
157,400
84,500
48,600
47,800
23,200
18,500
$845,600
                         Total
     (2)  The water supply portion of the Department's State/EPA Agreement,
          including the drinking water grant application, was prepared
          and submitted for consideration with other program submittals.

     (3)  The water supply portion of the States budget was prepared.

     (4)  The program grant, the State budget and work plan was coordinated
          and each budget unit manager received monthly statements of
          budget balances.  Reports on the status of progress in accomplishing
          tasks assigned in the work plan were made each quarter.

     (5)  Field guidance on enforcement was provided through the water
          supply work plan which established the program's priority.
          Department wide guidance on enforcement procedures was also
          adopted.  Implementation of this guidance was not completed
          during FFY 80 and will be continued next year.

     (6)  Intra-departmental liasion was maintained through:  (1) one
          day-long meeting among field and central office staff to
          review program and future activities, (2) two part-day
          meetings with field and central office staff to discuss
          specific issues, (3) working visits by central office staff
          to field office to improve communication and improve central
          office understanding of field conditions, and (4) continued
          daily communication on program issues.

     (7)  Efforts to maintain and improve engineering and technical
          expertise included, (1) a week-long training session,
          sponsored by EPA on sanitary surveys of small water systems,
          (2) circulating water supply periodicals and technical
          information from EPA, and (3) staff attendance at short
          course, revision, and conference.

     (8)  The water supply programs were coordinated with National
          program developments through:  a) review and comment on
          proposed EPA policies; b) review of new programs proposed in
          the State budget; c) application for a fluoridation grant
          from the U.S. Public Health Service; and d) development of
          a work plan for EPA's Underground Injection Control Program.
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     (9)  Revisions to the Alaska's Drinking Water Regulations were
          drafted, reviewed by EPA and the public, but did not become
         'effective until early FFY 81.

SURVEILLANCE AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

Activities planned in this program element included:

     (1)  conducting 200 sanitary surveys,

     (2)  maintaining and updating the inventory of public water systems,

     (3)  providing technical and management assistance to water
          suppliers and water consumers, and

     (4)  completion of the village sampling program began in FFY 79
          of over- 200 villages in the State.

The Department conducted approximately 160 sanitary surveys in FFY .80.
This is slightly less than the number of surveys planned.  The Department
has maintained inventory data on public water systems.  Of this total
465 are Class A, 696 are Class B, and 580 are Class C systems.  The
Department provided approximately 1500 instances of technical assistance
to water suppliers or water consumers.  As in previous years the field
staff indicated a heavy demand by the public for technical assistance,
which was provided in the form of answering and investigating complaints
from the public, responding to water quality monitoring results short of
formal enforcement, and explaining and answering questions from the
public about the drinking water regulations and the program.
                                                            i
Samples have been gathered from water sources from approximately
140 villages and analyzed for chemical contaminants.  This joint
venture between the Department and the U.S. Public Health Service,
Alaska Native Health Service began in FFY 79 and is providing
hard to get data on the quality of water supplies in remote villages.
The village sampling program was funded by a $10,000 contract through
the Department's laboratory.

PLAN REVIEW

The Department reviewed approximately 230 sets of plans for construction
of public water systems during SFY 80.  The plans were for new systems
or modifications to existing public water systems.  A construction and
operation certificate was issued to those whose plans met the standards
for approval. '                .            ,

LABORATORY CERTIFICATION AND CAPABILITY

During the FFY 80 grant period the Department adopted laboratory certification
regulations.  The Department has approved 6 laboratories to perform
inorganic chemical analysis, to perform organic chemical analysis, 7 to
perform total coliform bacteria analysis, and one to perform Radiochemical
analysis.  In addition to these laboratories two "outside" .laboratories
have been approved to analyze inorganic, organic, and radiochemical
samples for the military installations within the State.


                                     137

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The Department's laboratory:  (1) analyzed approximately 330 water
samples submitted by the drinking water staff for special studies,
sanitary surveys, and other purposes, and (2) prepared, distributed,
and analyzed samples received for maintaining quality control in the
laboratory certification program.

TRAINING AND OPERATOR CERTIFICATION

The Department assisted in coordinating four training sessions by agencies
and organizations outside the Department.

Department staff attended a week long training session on sanitary
surveys of small water systems.   This training was sponsored by EPA.

Activities in the operator certification program were:  (1) certification
of 5 new water systems according to the certification regulations,
(2) examination of 25 operators, and (3) issuance of 40 certificates.
The operator certification regulations were amended and revisions
became effective.

ENFORCEMENT

The Department increased its emphasis on compliance during FFY 80.  This
emphasis was guided by commitments made in the 80 State/EPA Agreement.
The following tasks were performed:

     1.   The Department staff reacted to all positive total coliform
          bacteria analysis results.  This response was to resolve
          any operational problems within the public water system
          regardless of size of the system.   There were less than
          fifty positive samples which were resampled and technical
          assistance administered until checked samples were negative.

     2.   There was one instance of non-compliance with the contaminated
          level  for lead in a rural community.   The Department worked
          with the U.S. Public Health Service,  and the State.epidemiologist
          until the problem was  resolved.

     3.   The Department worked  with systems serving over 2,000 persons
          who were in non-compliance with monitoring requirements.   No
          formal legal action was taken, but samples are being received
          for total coliform and turbidity.   Consistency in sampling
          procedures and timely reporting seem to be continuing problems
          with these systems.   However, to get  compliance, it was not
          necessary to contact these systems monthly. ,

     4.   The Department also worked with systems reviewing less than'
          2,000 persons who were in non-compliance with monitoring
          requirements.   Considerably more data was reviewed during
          FFY 80 than in FFY 79.  The level  of  compliance cannot be
          determined for FFY 80  until  the end of the year.   This
          information will  be included in the "Annual Report" to be
          submitted in December  1980.
                                    138
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 A task force of enforcement met and reviewed the enforcement tools
 available to the Department.   A guidance document for use of these tools
 was developed and implemented.   Implementation of these procedures
 will  increase the availability of formal enforcement tools,  and will
 be of assistance in adviewing a higher level of compliance with safe
 drinking water requirements during FFY 81.

 DATA MANAGEMENT

 The Public Water System Data Information System was operated and maintained
 during the year.   The system was converted  from "DOS" to "OS",  a more
 efficient internal computer language.

 A program was also developed to make Alaska's inventory compatable
 with EPA's national data program.   This will expedite completion of
•DEC's "Annual Report".   The system was not  modified to produce  the
 compliance information automatically for the annual report,- because
 EPA has  been unable to decide what data -must be reported and its format.
 A total  of $15,000 was spent for the review, operation and maintenance,
 enhancement of the data system.

 DISEASE  SURVEILLANCE AND INVESTIGATION

 There'were no major outbreaks of waterborne disease during FFY  80.
 There were two disease investigations  conducted by the Department jointly
 with  the State epidermiologist.   One of the investigations revealed
 the outbreak to be a result of,  improper sewage disposal, and a poor
 water source at a single-family's  residence;   The record of this
 investigation is still  open,  and the health effects are still under
 study along with the source of the inorganic chemical contaminant.

 The Department entered into a contract for  $44,000 with the University
 of Alaska Medical Education Program for an  epidemiologic investigation
 of giardiasis and its relationship to  drinking water.  The question
 that  will be addressed is  "...do people who use untreated water or
 surface  water receiving chlorination only,  have a higher incidence
 of giardiasis than those who do  not?"   The  study began late in  FFY 80
 and will  extend well  into  FFY 81.

 PUBLIC INFORMATION

 Formal public hearings were held in conjunction with the development  of
 the State/EPA Agreement.   The water supply  program activities were
 publicized in three of the Department's newsletters.

 Public education was carried  out through:

      (1)   distribution of  the curriculum for primary and secondary
           shcool  developed in FFY  79,  .
      (2}   development of a booklet "For The Health of Your Family", and
           a poster,
      (3)   one direct mail  out of a general  information nature to
           operation of public water suppliers, and
                                     139

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     (4)  development of a 30 minute television and six 30-second
      .  ..  spots on the need for safe drinking water..

A total  of 20,000 was spent on contractual services for public information
activities.             '                        .

VILLAGE SAFE WATER

The Department completed updating an inventory of sanitation methods
in 200 remote villages.

A priority list of 20 villages to receive VSW projects was developed and
used by the Legislature for appropriating funds in SPY 80.

The engineering design and construction planning for a VSW facility for
Akiachak was completed during FY 80.

The Department administered VSW construction grant projects for 11
villages-designated by the Legislature in a 1978 water and sewer bond
bill to receive VSW grants.

CONSTRUCTION GRANTS

The Department administered approximately $12 million for grants to
municipalities to fund up to 50% of the nonfederal share of water supply
construction projects.  Funds will be granted on a first come first
served basis.

Total staff devoted to the construction grant program was 9 man-years,
of which 0.7 man-year was included in water supply-program plan.
                                    140
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                                                                                                  OMB Approval No. 29-4O21S
     FEDERAL ASSISTANCE
1. TYPE
  OF
  ACTION
           Q MOTOIttTIOII OMNTEIT (Opt)
           {-] REPORT Of FEDIRIU. ACTOH
                                        2. APPLI-
                                          CANTS
                                          APPLI-
                                          CATION
                                                      i NUMBER
                                                     b. DATE
                                                          4
                                                        19
                           Ytar mmth
                                                                       a; STATE
                                                                       APPUCA-
                                                                       TION
                                                                       IDENTI-
                                                                       FIER
                                                                                    ,flUUBEfl
           b, DATE
             ASSIGNED
Tftor
                                                                                day
                                                                                                 19

4. LEGAL APPLICANT/RECIPIENT '

                 :  AK Dept.  of  Environmental  Conservation
                 i  Div.  of  Environmental Quality Mgmt.
                 :  PbUCh 6
                 :  Juneau              o. CwWr :
                 :  Alaska       .    .   i. ziPCote  99811
 •,. Ajpilant Nmw


 t. Stnft/P.O. Bat
 «. City
 f, Stito
 h. Cmtact hnw
                    Gary L.  Hayden   465-2651
                                                                         5. FEDERAL EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION
                                                                        PRO-
                                                                        GRAM
                                                                        (From
                                                                        ?«d*ml
                                                                        Ca
                                                                                  *. NUMBER
                                                                                                 t'   M»l  I  I   i.
                                                    b. TITLE


                                                       State of Alaska
 7. TITLE AND DESCRIPTION OF APPLICANTS PROJECT
    Public Water System  Supervision Program
                                                                         8. TYPE OF APPLICANT/RECIPIENT
                                                                       A-Sttte
                                                                       B-ln<«fit»tr
                                                                       C-SutaUt»-
                                                                         Dltttct

                                                                       KB*
                                                                       F-Schort OhMct
                                                        H-Commimily Action Agtncr
                                                        I- Hlgh«r Eiluutlonti liutltutio*
                                                        J-lndtmTrlb*
                                                        (Wltar
                                                                          Obtrict
                                                                                                       riot* WUr
                                                                        9. TYPE OF ASSISTANCE
                                                                        A-Sttto Gnni       D-lraunim
                                                                        B-SUpi>l«nMtil Gwrt  E-OU«f    S*ttr appro.  ,
                                                                                                      Utttr(t)
10. AREA OF PROJECT IMPACT

   All  of  Alaska
                                    itwt.
                     11. ESTIMATED NUM-
                        BER OF PERSONS
                        BENEFITING
                                                     495,500
                                                                       12. TYPE OF APPLICATION
                                                                       A-Nmr    C-RMliten
                                                                                Mfentiatullm
                    E-Auimmtitioii

                    Sitttr appropriate Utttr pH
 13.    PROPOSED FUNDING
                               14. CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS OF;
 I. FEDEIUL
   APPtlCAHT
 t STATE
 t. LOCAL
 .. OTHER
       **
 f.  TOTtt
          $  571,500  .   .M
                           .00
             254.400    .09
              191.600    .00
         51.017.500
 , APPLICANT

       Alaska
16. PROJECT START
   DATE y«ormcruw Ooll«r»
C-Iner*n* Duration
D-Oocr«M» Oantlon
                                                    17. PROJECT
                                                       DURATION
                                                      •  12
                                                                                              Enttr appro*
                                                                                              priat, l,tttr(,>
18. ESTIMATED DATE TO
   BE SUBMITTED TO
   FEDERAL AGENCY >
                                                       year month day

                                                     19 80  09  01
                                                                         19. EXISTING FEDERAL IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
 39. FEDERAL AGENCY TO RECEIVE REQUEST  •*•
              Submitted to  Clearinghouse  at  same
              time as-FY 81 SEA.
                                                                                                  D
                                                                                                  D
                                                                                                  D
                                     D
                                     a
                                     n
 23.
 CERTIFYING
 REPRfr
 SENTATTVE
          *. TYPED HAUi AMD TITt£
            Ernst  W.  Mueller,  Commissioer
                                                       SIGHATURE
                                                          e. DATE SIGNED


                                                                 19
                                                                                                             day
 24. AGENCY NAME
                                                                                        25. APPUCA- y*or

                                                                                        RECEIVED   19
                                                                                                               day .
 24, ORGANIZATIONAL UNIT
                                                    27. ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE
                                                                                             FEDERAL APPLICATION
                                                                                             IDENTIFICATION
 29. ADDRESS
                                                                                         30k FEDERAL GRANT
                                                                                            IDENTIFICATION
 Jl. ACTION TAKEN
 p •. AWAMtD

 Q b. KJECIEB

 Q Ai RETURNED FOR
     AMENDMENT
 Q4. DEfEIStD
                  32.
                               FUNDING
                 1. FEDERAL
                 h. APPllCAJtT
                 «. STATE
                 i. IDCM.
                   CfntEt
                  t.   TOTM,
                                                .00
                                               JO
                                                                          Ytar
                                                   33. ACTION DATE >»   19
                                                          M.       Ytmr  mamt4  day
                                                          STARTING
                                                          j>ATE   19
                     J9. CONTACT  FOR  ADDITIONAL  INFORMA-
                        TION                |  PAGE I OF 12
 **Carry over  from FY  80  Grant
I
                                                             141

-------
                                                           PART II

                                           PROJECT APPROVAL  INFORMATION
                                                     Form Approved
                                                OMB No.  158-R01W
Item 1.
Does  this assistance request State, local, regional,'or other, priority
rating?

                                 ••_	Yes   ,X • , Ho
          Name of Governing Body.
          Priority Rating         —
Item 2.
Does this assistance  request require State, or local advisory, educa-
tional or health clearances?
                                           .Ye*
.No
         Name of Agency or
           Board	
(Attach Documtntation)
Item 3.
Does this assistance request require clearinghouse review in accord-
ance with OMB Circular A-95?
                                           .Yes
.No
          (Attach Comments)
Item 4.               •
Does  this assistance request require  State, local, regional or other
planning approval?
                                           .Yes
.No
         Name of Approving Agency.
         Date	
Item 5.
Is the proposed  project  covered  by an  approved  comprehensive
plan?
                                           .Yes
.No
Check one:  State     D
            Local     D
            Regional  D
Location of Plan	
Item 6.
Will ths assistance requested serve a Federal installation?
                                     X
          Name of Federal i™t=.narin,.   All  Alaskz
                                            Yes
.No
          Federal Population benefiting from Project    51.00Q
Item 7.
Wiir the assistance requested be on Federal land or installation?
                                           _Yes
.No
          Name of Federal Installation   All Alaska
          Location of Federal Land ^^^^^^__^_^__
          Percent of Protect    '	
ItemS.
Will  the assistance  requested  have  an impact  or effect on  the
environment?
                                     X
                                           .Yes
.No
         See instructions for additional information to be provided.
Item 9.
Has  the  project for which assistance  is requested  caused, since
January 1, 1971, or will it cause, the displacement of any individual,
family, business, or farm?
          Number of:
           Individuals.
           Families	
           Businesses..
           Farms
                                           -Yes
.No
Item 10.
Is there other related assistance on this project previous, pending,
or anticipated?
                                                    X
                               .    	Yes 	No
         See instructions for additional information to be provided.
hem 11.
Is project in a Designated Flood Hazard Area?
                                           -Yes
                                                    X
                                                         .No
EPA Form 5700-33 (R.v. 7-76)
                                                                                                                  PAGE 5 OF 12
                                                                     142

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  I
                                                                                                   • Form Approved
                                                                                                OMB No.  158-R0110'

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SECTION B - SCHEDULE B - BUDGET CATEGORIES
6. Program Elemsntt
*• (See Application
b> Narrative Work Plan)
«.
d.
e.
f.
g- . .
h.
i. Total Program Elements
j. STATE TOTAL
FUNDING . '
(1) FEDERAL
$






*
$
$
(2) NON-FEDERAL
s
•


'



$
$
(3> TOTAL
s







S
$
(4)
MAN-
YEARS










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EPA Farm 5700-33 (R.v. 7-7«)
PAGE 8 OF 12
                                                          143

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                                        AIR QUALITY PROGRAM


                     NARRATIVE
                           FY 80 ACCOMPLISHMENTS 	 169
                           FY81 PRIORITIES	 173

                     GRANT	 175

                     ANNUAL WORK PLAN 	 180

                     MULTI-YEAR WORK PLAN —	 193
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         "    ALASKA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION

                       FFY-81 STATE-ERA AGREEMENT
                       ANNUAL WORK PLAN NARRATIVE

                           AIR QUALITY CONTROL      '            '

Section I-summarizes FY-80 accomplishments, while Section II outlines
FY-81 priorities and expected environmental results.  The annual workplan
itself follows in table form as does the multi-year strategy.

SECTION I:   FY-80 AIR QUALITY ACCOMPLISHMENTS

I.A. Transportation Control:

     The Transportation Control Plans for Anchorage and Fairbanks were
     prepared by the respective local governments,-reviewed by ADEC and
   • • incorporated into the SIP, and submitted to EPA in FY 79.  Review
     by EPA'Region X indicates that conditional approval is expected in
     the Federal Register.
                                           i
     .Cold weather emission control requirements were not introduced by
     EPA in FY. 80 despite state encouragement to do so.  In order for
     Alaska to receive the full benefits of the Federal Motor Vehicle
     Control  Program, i.e. 90% reduction in auto emissions as mandated
   •  by the Clean Air Act, an emissions standard, for low temperatures is
     necessary.
                                               ;  EPA's current tact
     likely will be to establish defeat device regulations which would
     prevent non-operation of emission control components at low
     temperatures.  However, no confirmation has been  indicated by the
     EPA thus far on what its policy will  be.

     EPA characterized emissions of a number of new vehicles at low
     temperatures during their certification tests.  This is an important
     first  step in quantifying low temperature emissions reductions.
     During the remainder of FY 80 they will continue  "to conduct some
     low temperature tests as time allows.

     Special  air monitoring studies were-started in Juneau for TSP, but
     were too late to gain definitive data  on wood stove impact.  Also
     in Juneau a CO monitor was installed  downtown, -but no winter time
     data was collected. This instrument will operate  through next
     winter to determine Juneau CO levels.

     Lead (Pb) studies were commenced in Fairbanks in  March 80 and will
     continue for a year to obtain wintertime data in  order to establish
    .baseline data.  An initial  assessment  of the problem will  be completed
     by 9/80.

     The necessary equipment for developing a comprehensive quality
     assurance program was defined and funding requested in an amended
     FY 80  grant application.  A trend monitoring station in Kenai was
     also requested in this application.


         '                           169

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 A study of TSP data taken at the special purpose site at the
 Courthouse in Fairbanks will be undertaken in June '80 to determine
 whether or not this site should be continued..

 I.D.  Administrative In FY 80, ADEC completed the State Air Quality
 Plan.  Minor modifications are being made to the plan and it should
 receive conditional approval by EPA upon submittal by the end of
 FY 80.   The Alaska Air Quality Control Regulations were extensively
 revised during FY.80 to reflect federal  requirements and to emphasize
 greater control of major sources.  These regulations will undergo
 public  hearing in July-August prior to being finalized.

 At ADEC's direction, a request for proposals was issued to evaluate.
 the effect of low level SOx on lichen populations in Valdez.  This
 research proposal .is expected to be granted by EPA to an appropriate
 research group within the -next several months as part of the Cold
 Weather Research being administered through University Research.

 Current EPA analytical methods for characterizing vehicle emissions
 are not accurate for low temperatures.  Consequently, the Department
 of Energy was requested to develop emissions factors for low
 temperatures with funding from the Cold Climate Research Fund.,
 ADEC, through EPA/Corvallis, will continue to oversee the project
 to better assure usefulness of the data for Alaska's purposes.  The
 majority of the tests will, be conducted in FY 80, with some tests
 scheduled for FY 81 and final report due 12/81.

 Development of analytical techniques to realistically evaluate cold
 weather testing control strategies is being conducted by ADEC,
 specifically through the update of CALINE III model which simulates
 roadway vehicular emissions which will, be completed by 9/80.

 Cold weather emission characteristics for selected vehicles were
 developed during the fiscal year by ADEC.  This included directly
 assisting the U.S. Army Cold Region Research and Engineering
 Laboratory (CRREL) in evaluating effectiveness of engine preheaters
 and developing a procedure estimating mass emissions.  Also, a
•limited study of I/M effectiveness in reducing cold start emissions
 was undertaken by ADEC in cooperation with CRREL, and some gasohol
 emissions data was taken as part of a ADOT/PF study.

 As part of the'Cold Climate Research Fund, the Geophysical Institute
 was allocated funds to document the meteorology during CO violations
 in Anchorage and Fairbanks.  This is intended to result in
 meteorological predictive capabilities by the end of FY 81.  During
 FY 80,  a wind study of Anchorage was completed by ADEC that related
 wind pattern associated with CO violations.  ADEC requested additional
 funding from EPA-to purchase meteorological equipment to continue
 analysis in FY 81. '

 With technical assistance of ADEC, Municipality of Anchorage carried
 out the Anchorage Free Emission Control  Test (AFECT) from January 1979
 until July 1980, testing 3200 vehicles.   It will recommence in
 September 1980.  Fairbanks North Star Borough, with the assistance
                                170
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of ADEC, conducted  its  Vehicle  Emission  Analysis  Program (VEAP)  in
the  fall of  1979, testing  2000  vehicles.   Public  information  efforts
were carried  out  for  VEAP  and AFECT in FY  80.   Both  consisted of
radio, TV, newpaper advertisments,  posters,  and radio  talk  shows
aimed at understanding  the relationship  between autos  and air •
pollution.  This will be an ongoing effort.

A summary of  state  air  quality  transportation  control  efforts will
be made by the end  of FY 80.  In  FY 80 ADEC  provided interagency
coordination  on air quality control  efforts, reviewing local
submittals of alternative  strategy  analyses, S105 and  S175  grant
applications  from Fairbanks and Anchorage, and consolidating  the
state and local Fairbanks  grant application.   This was the  only  way
to provide federal  funds to Fairbanks during the  fiscal  year.

As part of ongoing  technical assistance  to Anchorage and Fairbanks,
transportation project  evaluations  were  accomplished by ADEC. Two
significant projects were  the A/C couplet  project in Anchorage and
the  30th Avenue Expressway in Fairbanks.   Both AMATS and FMATS were
provided transportation planning  assistance.   ADEC also  participated
in the Anchorage UWP and the inter-modal planning groups and  AMATS
planning effort.

During FY 80, the results  of the  VEAP 78 were  analyzed and  will  be
published in  final  by 7/80.  VEAP 79 results will be analyzed by
ADEC by 9/80.  The  combination of the two will  establish a  data
base for determining partial emission reduction potential.  For  a
complete estimate,  the  effectiveness of  I/M  in reducing  emissions
from the cold start (first 4-8 minutes)  must be determined.    Part
of the Cold Climate Research Fund was -allocated to CRREL to do a
more detailed study on  the subject  using the mass emission  estimation
technique developed in  FY  80.  EPA  will  have to accept the  validity
of this technique or undertake such a study  itself at  the Ann Arbor
lab or in another cold  region.  To  answer  the  question of I/M
effectiveness, the  Detroit I/M study in  its current  design  does  not
address this  concern.

A socioeconomic analysis of alternative  strategies was completed
for the Fairbanks North Star Borough in  FY 80.  FNSB submitted a
draft and ADEC made a preliminary review of  the technical analysis.
Their resubmittal and the  MOA's draft await  EPA's updated emission
factors before either local governement  can  finalize these  analyses.

Concerning tampering and fuel switching, ADEC  lent support  to and
encouraged the Municipality of Anchorage to develop  an anti-tampering
and fuel switching  program.  The Municipality  will apply for  S105
funding in FY 81 to develop a program with their  current taxi
safety inspection program.  ADEC has encouraged EPA's  Mobile  Source
Enforcement Office  in Denver to perform  a fuel  switching survey  in
Anchorage.  EPA/AOO is supportive of the idea,  but no  action  has
yet been undertaken.
                               171

-------
I.B. Stationary Source Control

In FY 80, ADEC worked with the EPA to develop a  PSD program which
incorporated the necessary modifications resulting from the Alabama .
Power .Company vs Costle court case.  Prior to the end of  FY 80  the
PSD program will be reviewed in a public hearing.  Guidelines
documents will be prepared according to a schedule submitted with
final SIP revisions.  Guideline documents for New Source  Performance  .
Programs were not completed in FY 80 as expected due to personnel'
shortages.  As part of ongoing enforcement activities, ADEC carried
out the permit to operate program, conducted field surveillance,
taught visible emission evaluations course, updated State/EPA
compliance agreement, developed a major, source inspection  list,
inspected major sources for compliance, reported source compliance
status quarterly and submitted an emission inventory.  Two source
tests have been conducted by ADEC and another three tests are
planned during the remainder of FY 80.

I.C. Air Quality Monitoring

The NAMS/SLAMS description, evaluation, and implementation schedule
was submitted to EPA, whose approval is yet to be received.  Placement
of three  instruments will be resolved by the end of FY 80.  Routine
maintenance and calibration was performed on all ADEC monitors.
Approval of the NAMS/SLAMS quality assurance plan has not yet been
received from EPA, but is expected in the near future.  Air monitoring
data was routinely collected and reported to EPA.  ADEC data storage
and reporting procedures will be changed in the 3rd quarter as
needed to make data handling more practical and less time consuming.
                               172
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                        •  SUMMARY OF 1981 PRIORITIES.

                                  AIR QUALITY


 Environmental Overview

 Alaska's air quality for  the most part is excellent.'  However," problems
 meeting carbon monoxide standards do exist in Anchorage and Fairbanks
 during the winter months  only and under certain atmospheric conditions.
 The violations-are predominently caused by automobile  traffic congestion
 and automobiles that are  improperly turned, left idling for long periods
 of time and chokes that have not been designed properly by the automotive
 manufacturer for- cold weather operations.

 Elsewhere in Alaska there are isolated stationary sources, such as
 sawmills, pulp mills,  and power plants that affect the air quality in
 the immediate vicinity of the facility.   To protect air quality, the
 emissions from these sources are limited by law and the sources are
 inspected regularly to insure compliance.

                        FY 81 Program and Priorities

 Transportation Control Program

 To help combat the carbon monoxide auto emission problems  in Anchorage
 and Fairbanks Transportation Control Programs are being developed to
 eventually achieve the ambient air quality standards.   Studies are
 underway to determine  the air quality and socioeconomic impacts of
 proposed transportation strategies.   Some of the strategies being investi-
 gated are:

             .   Transit Plan                    .   Gasohol
             .   Parking management              .   Restricted delivery  hours
             .   Plug-in regulations             .   Auto-Start Retrofit
             .   Car pooling                     .   Inspection/Maintenance
             .   Idling  Controls                    program

 Once the studies  are completed by the local,  State and federal govern-
 ments,  many of them during FY-81,  one plan will include  a  combination  of
 strategies will be established to achieve the ambient  standards by 1987.

 An active public  awareness program is needed to inform the people of
 what changes in their  present automotive habits will help  eliminate the
 health hazards found in Anchorage and Fairbanks.   Without  the public
 support,  no clean air  program will be effective,  regardless of regulations.
 Public awareness  programs will be emphasized in both Anchorage and
.Fairbanks on a continuing basis to support various emission related
 voluntary control programs.

 Several ambitious programs to better understand cold temperature auto-
 pollutant efforts have been undertaken by the affected communities of
 Anchorage and Fairbanks,  with the help of the State and  U.S.  Environmental
 Protection Agency.   Programs evaluating the effects of Cold Weather
                                        173

-------
Inspection/Maintenance on auto emissions, the use of,gasohol, voluntary
emission inspections, mechanics training and air monitoring to name a
few, will be continued on a priority basis until effective auto cold
weather solutions are better understood and are developed.

Stationary Source Control and Ambient Monitoring

The majority of the responsibility for stationary source control rests
with the Department of Environmental Conservation.  The final revisions
to the State Air Quality Regulations and State Implementation Plan will
be made in early FY-81 so EPA approval can be obtained.  Once EPA has
granted approval, DEC will assume the Prevention of Significant Deteri-
oration permit program, which deals with permit applications, ambient
monitoring and permit application review.  In addition, delegation for
the New Source Performance Standards program will also be assumed and
this program includes permit application and review, monitoring criteria
and testing and reporting.

The Department of Environmental Conservation will continue to maintain
an effective enforcement program for stationary sources.  Included in
the program are field surveillance, education of inspectors, inspection
of sources and investigation of any problem areas, to name a few.

It is the State's goal through these technically oriented programs to
make Alaska a cleaner and more desirable place to live.  In the areas
that are relatively free of pollution, positive action will be taken to
assure that they continue that way.
The detailed activities to be accomplished  in FFY-81 are  identified on
the following Annual Work Plan, which the Department expects to complete
to assure effective air quality control efforts within the State.  This
Annual Work Plan also  includes activities to be completed by the federal
Environmental Protection Agency to provide needed support for the State
program, as well as those efforts to be completed by the  Municipality of
Anchorage and the Fairbanks North Star Borough.
                                        174
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DEPT. OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
                                                             JAYS. fUMMOHO, GOVERNOR
                                                       POUCH a - JUHEAU ant
                                                    September 22, 1980
   Mr. Jim Sweeney
   Director Alaska .Operations Office
   U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
   Box 19
   Anchorage, Alaska   99513

   Dear Mr. Sweeney:

   The Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation hereby makes application
   for the Fiscal Year 1981 federal grants- covering the State Air Pollution
   Control, Solid Waste Management, and Hazardous Wastes Control Programs.
   The total federal funds requested amount to $751,200, and the details
   of each program's annual workplan, multiyear workplan and narrative
   for the coming fiscal year's activities are all enclosed with the grant
   application.

   This application covers the portion of the Fiscal Year 1981 State-EPA
   Agreement for these three programs.  The Department's intent was to
   havetsubmitted the complete State-EPA-Agreement.covering all programs
   within the Department at the same time.  Unfortunately the remainder
   of the State-EPA Agreement is not yet ready, thereby necessitating this
   partial submittal.

   All program-and budget details for these three programs have been established
   through a .close working relationship with your regional staff,  and we are
   appreciative  of their cooperative and helpful attitude throughout the
   development of the enclosed program applications.  The only item in
   question,  and which is of considerable concern to the Department, is the
   lack of sufficient funds for the Solid Waste Management Program.  We are
   requesting a  .total of $73,128 of new federal funds,  but have only been
   assured of $40,000.   The continuing decline of federal funds for solid
   waste management is not appropriate for Alaska, where much assistance to
   the small Alaskan communities is needed to upgrade their landfill facilities.
   The high cost of providing this assistance and the lack of resources by  the
   communities make it imperative that*the existing program not drop below  its
   existing level of operation.   We would appreciate whatever you can do to
   award the full requested program funds for the Solid Waste Management.
   Programs.   Any questions you might have on any of the grant applications
   should be directed to Tom Hanna,  Chief of Air and Solid Waste Management.

                                      Sincerely yours,          ....•->  •- . -.
   cc: Donald P. Dubois
fTVErnst W. Mueller
   Commissioner
   175

-------
                                                                                                OMB Approval No.
     FEDERAL  ASSISTANCE
.1. Ttvt    Q PREAPPUCATION
   ACTION  Q APPLICATION
  afar* a,*
                          OF INTDCT (Opt)
           Q REPORT OF FIDESAL ACTON
                               2. APPLI-

                                 CANT'S

                                 APPU.

                                 CATION
                                                         NUMBER
                                                      b. DATE
                                                           1
                                                         19
                                                                montfc day
3. STATE
APPLICA-
TION
IDENTI-
FIER
                                                                                       t. HUM 9 EH
b. DATE

  ASSIGNED
                                                                                                        Year
                                                                                                                   day
                                                                                          19
                               Leaw
                               fltawh
4. LEGAL APPLICANT/RECIPIENT

                  : State  of  Alaska
                  : Department  of  Environmental  Conservation
                  . Pouch  0
                  • Juneau
                  • Alaska               i. ZIP cod«  99811
k. Orpnlutlon Unit

c. Strwt/?.Q. Bca

a. City

f. Slit*

k. CofltMt ftatv  (Nam*
                     Thomas  R.  Hanna 907-465-2666
                                                                           5. FEDERAL EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION NO.

                                                                           	92-6001185'	
                                                                PRO-
                                                                GRAM

                                                                (From
                                                                Ftdml
                                                                           t. NUMBER
                                                                                                       sieHololil
                                                                                      b. TITLE
                                                                                            Air Pollution Control
 7. TITLE AND DESCRIPTION OF APPLICANTS PROJECT
         State Air Pollution Control Program
                                                               (^yTYPE OF APPLICANT/RECIPIENT
                                                                          ft£st,t.
                                                                            Diitrict
                                                                           D-Countf
                                                                           E—City
                                                                           F-School District
                                                                           G~Sp«eiil
                                                                            Diitrict
                                                                               H-Community Action Agency
                                                                               I- Hijtitr Eduulionil  limitation
                                                                               J-lndiinTribo
                                                                               K-Otl»r  (Sptfify):

                                                                                      STATE
                                                                                                 Enter
                                                                                                               Ittttr
                                                                           9. TYPE OF ASSISTANCE
                                                                           A—Buic Gnnt       D-!nsur*n
                                                                           B-SuppttmtnUI Gnal  E-Ottiw
                                                                           C-loan
                                                                                         EntfT appro-
                                                                                         priatt Itttrr(t)
 10. AREA OF PROJECT IMPACT (ATomu of citift, ecrwntio.
                           Statw, fte.)

                State  of Alaska
                                           11. ESTIMATED NUM-
                                              BER OF PERSONS
                                              BENEFITING.
                                                                           12. TYPE OF APPLICATION
                                                                           A-Nn*     C-Rniiian      E-Auim*ntitioii
                                                                           B-Rllmtim
                                                                   Month*
                                                                                                  Enter appro-   I  j   I   I
                                                                                                  priatt latt*r(t) I  I   [   I
 *. OTHER
                             .00
 f.  mm
                   904.700.0!
                     11. ESTIMATED DATE TO
                        BE SUBMITTED TO
                        FEDERAL AGENCY *•
                                                           Year  month day
                                                                            19. EXISTING FEDERAL IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
                                                         19
    FEDERAL AGENCY TO RECEIVE REQUEST (Wa«», City. Star*. ZIP eoa«)
                                                                                  21. REMARKS ADDED

                                                                                     Q Y.«  Q No
 2Z.

 THE
 APPLICANT
 CERTIFIES
                       ol
                       »nt b*II«r,
            *. To th«
trot >n4  comet,  Ui* doaimtflt Itti b««i
duly iiilhorlirf by tt. fownlnf body o*
«i» «^llu*l ind IS* iBollcant Kill comply
•lift »>• ittxliirf MWI(»IIM« II tilt
inc* I*
                                           b. If r«fBln4 by OMB Clctubr A-95 this ippliution wit JubmlttH, punuint to In.  No r*
                                             •truciicAs thtraini to *ppropriilo  ctMrinihotun an4 til rMpoiuas arc *ttadi«d:  tpemM
                                           (1)

                                           G)

                                           (3)
                                                                                                       a
                                                                                                       a
                                                                                                       a
                                       a
                                       a
                                       a
 23.
 CERTIFYINCl
 REPSE-
 SENTATIVE
l. TTfPED KAHE AND TITLE

    Ernst W. Mueller
._ Commissioner	
                                                                                               DATE SIGHED
                                                                                                       Year  wont* day

                                                                                                    i980 - 9  -  22
 24. AGENCY NAMg
                  Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation
                                                                                  25, APPUCA-  r«or awnUi
                                                                                  TION
                                                                                  RECEIVED  19
 26. ORGANIZATtOHAL UNIT
   Air  and Solid  Waste  Management  Secticj
                                           27. ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE
                                          n       Same
                                                                                             28. FEDERAL APPLICATION
                                                                                                IDENTIFICATION
 23. ADDRESS
            Pouch  0;  Juneau,  Alaska  - 99811
                                                                                             3O. FEDERAL GRANT
                                                                                                 IDENTIFICATION
SI. ACTION TAKEN

Q i. AWMOED

Q b. REJECTED

Q e. 8ETURWEO F0«

     AUEWMEHT

p a. OEFESfttB

[J «. HITHOKAWH
                   32.
                                FUNDING
                   .. FEDERAL
                   b. APPLICANT
                   c. STATE
                   a. LOCAL
                     GTHE*
                                                   .00
                                                  .00

                                                  .00^

                                                 ^00

                                                  .00

                                                  .00
                                                                             Ytor  sumtfc day
                                                       33. ACTION DATE >   19
                                                                                  34.        Y
                                                                                  START1NQ
                                                                                  DATE    19
                                                                                                                   <2ay
                                           35. CONTACT  FOR ADDITIONAL  INF03MA-
                                              TION  (Nam* and
                  36.        y=nr  m
                  ENDING
                  DATE    19
                                                                                                                   da>
                                                                                  37. REMARKS ADDED


                                                                                     Q Y«»  QNO
 S3.

 FEOERAL AGENCY
 A-95 ACTION
                                            Part 1.
                                                                           b. FEDERAL AS£«CY A-95 OFFICIAL .
                                                               CJradi/ A-95, |   (N*m* o~i I
EPA Form 5700-33 (R~«». 7-7<>
                               PAGE I OF 12
                                                                                           424 P.vfiX
                                                               176

-------
I
1
                                            PART II


                               PROJECT APPROVAL INFORMATION
    Form Approved

OMB No.  1S8-R0110
fs this assistance request State, local, regional, or other priority
>g?
Yei X No

•.>.
Hes this assistance request require State, or local advisory, educa-
tional or health clearances?
IYM Y No
•
. .
Item 3. . - '
r; this assistance request require clearinghouse review in accord-
with OMB Circular A-95?
YM If No

E4.
this assistance request require State, local, regional or other -
ling approval?
tYes v No
A
5.
is the proposed project covered by an approved comprehensive
§'
X Y« No
•
rs.
the assistance requested serve a Federal installation? '
v
Yes A No

»->-
the assistance requested be on Federal land or installation?
• Yes X NO

Will the assistance requested have an impact or effect on the
Iironment?
X Yes No

Eg.
the project for which assistance is requested caused, since
ary 1, 1971. or will it cause, the displacement of any individual,
family, business, or farm?
I" x
Yes No

Item 10. •
1 there other related assistance on this project previous, pending.
anticipated?
. 	 Yes 	 \ 	 	 No

•nil.
^(•reject in a Designated Fiood Hazard Area? ...
- ' - Yet X Mo
Name of Governing Body _ 	 	
Priority Rating 	 ' 	

Name of Agency or
Board
(Attach Documentation)
(Attach Comments)
'Name of Approving Agency 	 ,
Date

Chsck one: 'State GJ
Local . D .
Regional D
Location of Plan

Name of Federal Installation 	
Federal Population benefiting from Project

Name of Federal Installation
Location of Federal Land
Percent of Project

See instructions for additional information to be provided.
Number of:
Individuals _ ,.
Families
Businesses
Farms

See instructions for additional information to be provided.

r
i
Fo/m 5700-33 (R.v. 7-76}
                                                                                         PAGE S OF 12
                                                      1.77

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           SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE PROGRAM

NARRATIVE
      FY 80 ACCOMPLISHMENTS	 209
      FY81 PRIORITIES 	 212
      OPEN DUMP INVENTORIES STATUS FY 80	 214
      INVENTORY FY 8.1
            Industrial & Military Landfills	 217
            Municipal Landfills	218
GRANT (See Air Quality Grant - pagelTS)
ANNUAL WORK PLAN 	 219
MULTI-YEAR WORK PLAN —	 232
                             207

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                             STATE-EPA AGREEMENT
                         ANNUAL WORK PLAN NARRATIVE

                    SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT
Section I summarizes FY 80 accomplishments, Section II outlines FY 81
priorities and Section III reviews expected environmental results.  The
annual workplan and multiyear strategy are presented in table form,
as are the disposal sites to be evaluated in FY 80 and FY 81 for the
Open Dump Inventory.

I.   FY 80 SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE ACCOMPLISHMENTS

     A.   SOLID WASTE FACILITY INVENTORY. CLASSIFICATION, FUNDING AND COMPLIANCE
                                                                               ^
          With the issuance of the Guidance Manual for classification of
          solid waste disposal facilities by EPA in November 1979, the
          Department established the format and administration of the
          Open Dump Inventory scheduled for the summer.  The FY 80
          Inventory began April 3 and by September 30, 1980 all the
          sites serving populations greater than 1,000 persons will be
          completed by regional office staff.

          Those facilities unable to meet one or more of the criteria,
          as determined by the performance standards established by the
          Department, will fall under the open dump classification.  Communities
          under that designation will be provided technical assistance, in
          determining how best to come into compliance.  Some communities
          may wish to upgrade their facilities using their own finances.
          Some are likely to take advantage of the 50% match State
          construction funds available through a recently passed State
          Act which has expanded construction grant funds to include
          solid waste facilities.  Except for specifically excluding
          right-of-way acquisition, finance changes and operation and
          maintenance expenses, almost all other costs associated with
          landfill construction, including upgrading, closing out and relocating,
          will be allowable.

          The cleanup, closeout, or relocation of identified open dumps
         •is one of the Department's highest priori ties.for FY 81.
          Compliance schedules will be started by the end of FY 80.  A
          staff member within each of the regional offices has been
          designated for solid waste, thus guaranteeing continuity in
          negotiations and assistance and a greater familiarity with
          problems and solutions.  For example, since the inventory of
          their sites last fall, the Healy, Nulato and Anderson dumps
          were cleaned up.  Negotiations are also proceeding to close •
          out the open dumps in Kotzebue and Barrow.  In Southeast
          Alaska, a consulting firm under EPA's Technical Assistance
          Panels Program travelled throughout the region identifying and
          characterizing solid waste problems in Southeast communities.
          Alternatives being considered include establishing a regional
                                      209

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     resource recovery plant to accept much of the solid waste
     generated in Southeast, having each community handle its own
     waste, or establishing several regional sites for processing
     or disposal.

     The Department constructed and will be demonstrating a low-
     technology solid waste incinerator for the small communities.
     Constructed in Juneau, the incinerator is intended to.dispose
     of wastes from logging camps or small communities of 70-100
     people.  It is designed for low maintenance with easily
     interchangeable parts, and could become a practical alternative
     for small communities with open dumps but without the financial
     resources to maintain a proper landfill.

B-   SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT REGULATIONS

     Draft regulations will be completed in the last quarter of
     FY 80.  They will upgrade the State's ability to forbid,
     close, upgrade, and relocate open dumps throughout the State.
     The revisions will also incorporate the updated standards
     developed under the federal landfill criteria used for the
     open dump, inventory;

C.   SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN

     The Solid Waste Mangement Plan was begun in November, 1978.
     While a draft was completed in August 1979, its completion has
     been delayed due to lack of personnel elsewhere in the program.
     Since then the need to redraft the original Plan has become
     increasingly apparent, especially since there are new program
     personnel and more data are available.  The majority of the
     work will be completed by September, with public hearings
     scheduled for November and final submittal for EPA-approval
     January 31, 1981.  Workshops, originally designed to obtain
     early input into the planning process, will"not be held.
by
     The plan w.ill include all aspects of solid waste management.
     It will include the Attorney General's opinion on whether the
     State has adequate legal authority to prohibit the establish-
     ment of new open dumps and to close or upgrade existing open
     dumps, as well as authority to control hazardous wastes.  If  .
     any additional legal authority is needed, particularly for
     hazardous waste disposal, legislation will be proposed in the
     upcoming legislative session.

     PERMITS. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, AND ENFORCEMENT

     The transfer of solid waste permitting responsibility to the
     regional offices will be completed in the final quarter of
     FY 80.  It is intended that the permit purpose, requirements
     and stipulations will also be reflected in the upcoming regulation
     changes, and procedures-consolidated with other permits required
                                 210
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     by the Department.  Therefore, during FY 81, all sol id'waste
     disposal permits with the possible exclusion of hazardous
     wastes will be issued by the Regional Offices.

     Technical assistance to communities and industries was expanded
     somewhat in FY 80.  This was due to the designation of a
     single individual to handle solid waste management in each
     Regional Office.

E.   HAZARDOUS WASTES MANAGEMENT  .-•".-..
                                       •  .     * •
     After a slow start the Alaska hazardous waste inventory'was
     finally begun in 1980.  In February the Department requested
     information from all possible users of PCBs in the State.  The
     results of this effort showed clearly that PCB material,
     encapsulated, stored, or leaking, is present throughout the
     State.  Public and private agencies, concerned over the actual
     or potential contamination from their materials, have cooperated
     with the Department in taking precautionary measures.

     The second portion of the inventory began in June;, when contractors
     to EPA's Uncontrolled Hazardous Waste Site Project reviewed
     local, state, and regional government files in preparation for
     field visits during the summer.  The data obtained from these.
     efforts will be used by the Department during the last quarter
     of FY 80 to determine whether or not assumption of the federal
     hazardous waste program by DEC would be in the best interest
     of all who generate, store, treat, transport or dispose of
     hazardous wastes in Alaska.  At this time it is. likely that the
     Department will request interim authorization during FY 81..
     However, should analysis of inventory results show little need
     or benefit to the State for assuming authorization, the Department
     will have to reconsider its earlier decision. •

     EPA will legally control hazardous wastes in Alaska startup November
     19, 1980 and lasting until interim authorization is granted to
     and accepted by the Department.  Working on the assumption
     that the Department will assume authorization, however, the
     Department is currently negotiating a cooperative arrangement
     with EPA to assign specific tasks to each agency.  Abandoned
     sites in the State were identified during the FIT inventory.
     The only major site to be identified was the Mukluk Dump which
     lies on State land in Prudhoe Bay and is used by industries
     and government agencies alik'e.

     During FY 80 the Department recognized the threat of deterior-
     ating friable asbestos by coordinating a project of sampling
     and testing designed to evaluate the extent of asbestos damage
     in Alaskan public schools.  Sample results indicate that a
     small percentage of schools do indeed have asbestos damage
     sufficient to require rehabilitation.

     The Department briefly surveyed radioactive wastes  in the
     State.  While continued study may uncover new material for
                                 211

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     HAZARDOUS WASTES
          Assure that handling and disposal practices involving hazardous
          wastes do not contaminate the State's environment nor cause a
          threat to its people.      .
     SOLID WASTES
                                      212
                                                                                        I
          consideration, the Department will  probably make no decisions                  •
          regarding the storage and disposal  of radioactive wastes in
          Alaska except as it relates to designated hazardous wastes.                    •

     F.    RESOURCE RECOVERY AND CONSERVATION

          The Department supported and helped push through the 1980 State                •
          Legislature a Resource Recovery and Litter Reduction Act which                 ™
          will  enable the Department to establish a far-reaching statewide               :
          program of recycling and litter control.                                       •

          Further, the State construction grants bill discussed earlier
          has 'a special provision for solid waste management facilities.                 •
          Through it a community may quality  for 50% matching funds,                     •
          unless the facility is also designed for resource recovery, in
          which case the State funds are 60%.

     G.    LANDFILL WATER QUALITY MONITORING                                              I

          The Section designed a solid waste  control monitoring network                  •
          early in FY 80, but its implementation was delayed due to the                  |
          Department's desire/to initiate a control network to encompass
          the data and monitoring needs for all programs within the
          Department.                                                                    •

II.  SUMMARY,OF DEC FY 81 SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT PRIORITIES
                                                                                 I
          Evaluate inventory data to determine the validity and benefits                 _
          of requesting interim authorization.  If benefits to State and                 •
          Department are evident, the Department will work toward develop-               *
          ing an application for interim authorization.
                                                                                 I
       -  Assure that contamination of the environment resulting from                    —
          past practices of hazardous waste disposal are cleaned up.

       -  Complete 5-year Plan for Hazardous Waste Management.                           I

       -  Assure that responsibility for control of asbestos in schools                  •
          is placed where prevention and control can be assured most                     |
          expeditiously and economically.

       -  Assure that all PCB materials are safely encapsulated, stored and              I
          transported within the State, or disposed properly in authorized               •
          sites outside of the State.
                                                                                 I
-  Assure that disposal sites classified as open dumps in FY 80                  —
   are cleaned up as quickly as possible.                                        •
                                                                                         I

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                     -   Complete inventory of disposal sites serving 500-100 people
                        (in Table II) military and industrial sites are identified,
                        and results are submitted to EPA by September 15, 1981;
                     -  Submit the 5-year Plan for Solid Waste Management to EPA by
                        January 31, 1981.
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                     -  Complete revisions to the State regulations, by mid-January,
•                      1981.
                   RESOURCE RECOVERY
                     I-  Issue  grants for demonstration projects that encourage the
                       'recovery of materials or energy from wastes.
                     I-  Establish a functional program to assist Alaskans in recycling
                        or reusing their wastes.
                   LITTER CONTROL
I                      litter.
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                     -  Issue grants for projects that encourage litter reduction.
                     -  Establish a functional  program to assist Alaskans in reducing
                                                    213

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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.

15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35
37.

38.
39.
40.
41.
                 ALASKA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
                           STATE-EPA AGREEMENT,  FFY-81

                   '  •               TABLE II

                    • INDUSTRIAL AND MILITARY LANDFILL SITES
                           TO BE INVENTORIED IN FFY-81
   A.  INDUSTRIAL LANDFILLS
 Alyeska-D.S; 5-5.2       '             1.
 Alyeska D.S. 21.7               .      2.
 Alyeska D.S. 33.6     '                3.
 Alyeska D.S. 38.1                     4.
 Alyeska D.S. 44.1                     5.
 Alyeska D.S. 79.1                     6.
 Alyeska D.S. 100.1                    7.
 Alyeska D.S. 117.IB                   8.
 Duck Island Exxon #1 '  .               9.
 Sag River          . .'      ~-          10.
 Alaska Lumber and Pulp                11.
 Mitkof Lumber                         12.
 Wrangell Lumber        .               13.
 Alaska Power Administration -          14.
    Snettisham
 Kennel.Creek      ,                    15.
 ADOT vehicle disposal  facility        16.
 Quartz Hill Mine                      17.
 Greens Creek - Noranda                18.
 Margaret Bay - Isco, Inc.              19.
 Cape Pole-Logging Camp -  Kosciusko    20.
 Port Alice - Heceta                   21.
 Kodiak Island Seafoods                22.
 Afognak Logging    ,                   23.
 Tyonek Timber       ,                  24.
 Copper Valley Construction "           25.
 Kenai Lumber                          26.
 Robinson Construction  '              27.
 Umiat Enterprises                     28.
 Child's Equipment                  '29.
 Alaska Constructor's
 P.S. 2 - Alyeska
 M.S. 109 - 3 - Alyeska  .   •
 D 114.0 (PS4) - Alyeska
 Alyeska DS 67-5
36. 2 Exxon drilling Sites
 Kuparuk Central Processing Facility
    Arco                             .  •
 Arco - Sag River Dunes
 Poker Flat - Usibelli
 Cannery Creek Fish Hatchery
 Jackson Pt. - Alyeska'
B.  MILITARY LANDFILLS

   Elmendorf AFB
   Ft. Richardson - U.S. Army
   Eielson AFB
   Ft. Greely - U.S. Army
   Ft. Wainwright - U.S. Army
   Galena  .
   Barter Island Dewline
   Indian Mtn. Dewline
   Sparrevohn A.F.S.
   Latalina A.F.S.
   Cape Romanzof A.F.S.   :
   Cape Newenham A.F.S.
   King Salmon A.F.B.
   Shemya A.F.B.

   Galena A.F.S.
   Cape Sarichef Loran Station
   NPRA Camp Lonely
   NPS - Mt. McKinley
   Wainwright Dewline
   Murphy Dome A.F.S.
   Ft. Yukon A.F.S.
   Campion A.F.S.
   Tin City A.F.S.
   ADOT Trims Camp
   NPS - Katmai  •
   Kenai Lumber
   ADOT - Gardiner Creek
   ADOT - Valdez
   ADOT - One Mile Lake
                                      217

-------
ALASKA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
         STATE-EPA AGREEMENT, FFY-1981

                   TABLE III

     MUNICIPAL LANDFILLS TO BE INVENTORIED

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
]2.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.-
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.

Angoon
Craig - KLawock
Gustavus
Hydaburg
Kake
Kasaan
Pelican
Skagway
Yakutat
Anderson
Circle
Dot Lake
Delta
Eagle
Healy/Cantwell
Livengood
Manley
Minto
Northway
Nulato
Tok
Tanacross
Birch Creek
Ft. Yukon
Chatanika
Galena
Uhalakleet
St. Michael
North Pole
King Cove
Nenana
Sand Point
Seldovia
Akolmiut
IN FFY-1981
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.


Alakanuk
Emmonak
Hooper Bay
Mountain Village
Noorvik
St. Paul
Selavik
Uhalakleet
Chevak
Pt. Hope
Quinhagak
Tanana :
Togiak
Sunshine
Lake Louise
Talkeetna
Sterling - transfer station
Port Graham
Anchor River - transfer station
Cooper landing - transfer station
Kasilof - transfer station
Ninichik - transfer station
North Kenai - transfer station
Tyonek
English Bay
McGrath
Anderson - garbage service - Palmer
Houston
Mile 126.5 Glenn Highway
• Chiniak
Hope - transfer facility
Moose Pass - transfer facility
Helmeljeks Family - Colville.R.

                     218
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                              235

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                    PESTICIDES PROGRAM
NARRATIVE
ANNUAL WORK PLAN
239


240
1
                                                  237

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                     Alaska's  Pesticide  Program

The Department  has  the  responsibility  to control  the  use  of  pesticides
and other  broadcast chemicals  in  the State.   (Pesticide as used  here
includes herbicides, fungicides,  insecticides and other biocides.)

Improper choice of  and  use  of  pesticides can  be  a direct  hazard  to
human  health.   Approximately 250  commercial applicators (including
farmers) come into  contact  with concentrated  solutions of pesticides
several.times a year.   An estimated 100,000 people are potentially  ex-
posed  to outdoor pesticide  applications  each year.

Approximately 25,000 acres, primarily  residential, are sprayed for
mosquitos  at least  once a year, and about 5,000  acres of  rights-of-way
are sprayed each year for vegetation control.  Another 12,000 acres of
lakes  and  8,000 acres of agricultural  land are treated annually.

Improper choice and use of  pesticides  can cause  adverse impacts  on
non-target plants and animals, such as spray  drifting beyond the
target area or  mosquito spray  killing  honey bees.  Right-of-way
spraying can produce dead,  brown  areas which  are often perceived as a
nuisance.

FY'81  Pesticide Highlights

1.   ADEC will  maintain and upgrade the state pesticide application
     training program in accordance with the approved plan.

2.   ADEC will  investigate  all  reports of pesticides misused within
     the state and report conclusions  of findings and action taken
     to EPA.

3.   ADEC will  develop a plan to expand its pesticide surveillance
     enforcement activities  in  the following areas:

    .(a)  selective surveillance of pesticide use/misuse

     (b)  selected producer establishment inspections

     (c)  sample collection  from producer establishments,  retail
          outlets and pesticide applicators

     (d)  selected market place inspections

     (e)  monitoring of experimental  use permits

     (f)  selected monitoring of pestice dealers  selling restricted
         'use pesticides.

4.   ADEC and EPA will  enter into an  agreement to have an  EPA laboratory
     analyze pesticide samples  collected from producer establishments,
     retail outlets and pesticide applicators, and to have EPA provide
     training for DEC personnel in techniques and legal  implications
     of inspections and sampling.

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                    INTEGRATION
MULTIMEDIA PROGRAM
     NARRATIVE 	 243
     ANNUAL WORK PLAN	 245
ANCHORAGE GEOGRAPHIC AREA
     NARRATIVE 	 247
     ANNUAL WORK PLAN 	 250
     MULTI-YEAR WORK PLAN 	 253
           AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT	 255
                         241

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                       INTEGRATION OF MULTI-MEDIA PROGRAMS


ACID RAIN IDENTIFICATION


Sulfur and nitrogen oxides emitted into the air from combustion processes
are becoming recognized in the United States and Canada as' a major
source of water pollution.  The acid rain associated with  these .groups
of oxides has been responsible for the death of much aquatic life.  ADEG
desires to keep careful accounting of the potential for acid rain problems
by instituting a monitoring system to detect these problems if they
occur.  A multiple year effort will be undertaken to determine:


     1)   Current conditions

            »
          a)   emission inventory summaries by geographic  location, .


         .b)   ambient air concentrations of nitrogen oxides and sulfur
               oxide, and


          c)   conditions of lakes and streams'now (pH and reasons for
               high or low pH);


     2)   Future Conditions


          a)   continued ambient air monitoring,


          b)   predictive modeling related to new development  (PSD) •


          c)   continued surveillance of freshwaters of State.


During the first year, the study will concentrate on potential problems
on the Kenai Peninsula.


COLD CLIMATE/ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH


In carrying out its responsibilities as delegated by the U.S. Congress,
EPA distributes funds to various research agencies to accomplish cold
climate research,  in order to provide for an orderly transfer of funds
and to encourage research consistent with recognized environmental
problems, the State will establish a mechanism for identifying research
problems and for placing a priority on those problems.


EPA will establish a formal mechanism for reviewing those priorities and
for disbursing the funds according to the priorities.


UNIFISD_PERMITTING


The amount of involvement in environmental activities by various agencies
has rapidly increased in the last few years.  Along with the heightened
concern of people for their environment have come many requirements from
different agencies which are potentially conflicting.  Several permits
are now require for most activities.  While all of these agencies .may
be serving to legitimately protect the portion of the environment for
                                      243

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which they are responsible, there has been an increasing concern from
the general public about duplication of efforts.  In response to these
concerns, EPA has published consolidated permit regulations.  Both EPA
and the State will review these regulations to determine to what extent
they can be used effectively in Alaska.


In response to the same public concerns, the Governor of Alaska has
directed the Department of Law to work on permit reform.  Specifically,
the effort will produce:


1)   Comprehensive procedural regulations for issuing permits from the
     Departments of Fish and Game, Natural Resource, Environmental
     Conservation, and the Office of Coastal Management.


2)   Regulations for coordinated permit issuance to the Seafood processing,
     timber, oil and gas and mining industries.


ADEC will assist the Department of Law in this effort and will develop a
strategy for implementing the regulations when they are developed.
Simultaneously, ADEC will consider each of the permits being issued and
will examine alternatives to issuing permits. >     '" :  - *  ••    :;
                                      244
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                   ALASKA STATE/EPA AGREEMENT
             WORK PLAM - ANCHORAGE GEOGRAPHIC AREA

 The maintenance of a. desirable and healthful environment in
 the Municipality of Anchorage requires coordination at all
 levels of Government.  The Municipality of Anchorage and the
 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the Alaska Oept of
 Environmental conservation (ADEC) are working .together to
 resolve future environmental concerns,  with the concentrated
            AU. i  ifvtts. if *>
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AJc State/EPA Agreement (CON'T)
PAGE TWO
gorical standards.  The Municipality of Anchorage is also pre-

paring a 201 Facilities Plan for the Anchorage Bowl that will

address ongoing wastewater treatment needs.


                                  iO
The Hillside area is being subject bo pressures from popula-

tion increases and development.  Residents of the area now use

on-site (septic tank) systems for sanitary wastes.  As popula-

tion density increases, septic tank failures are occurring and

groundwater sources are threatened with contamination.  Area

residents are generally opposed to increased urbanization, but

other community interests are exerting pressures for

development.  A 208 project is underway and a comprehensive

201 Facility Plan is being prepared which covers the area.

Results of the 208 plan will be used in the 201 study to

determine appropriate wastewater treatment methods for the

area.


Anchorage streams and wetlands are being impacted by

sediments, debris and oil and grease from construction sites

and urban runoff.  208 projects are underway in Anchorage (1)

to control urban runoff associated with rapidly developing

subdivisons and commercial areas and (2) to assess critical

wetlands, develop a plan for preserving identified critical

wetlands, and determine how to use wetlands to control pollu-

tion from urban runoff.


SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL


 Disposal of solid waste in an environmentally, socially, and

economically acceptable manner could become a significant

problem as the present site is projected to be full in four to

six years and available land is scarce.  It is necessary that

future disposal sites for solid wastes be defined as soon as

possible, as well as exploring their energy recovery aspects.
                  248
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Ak State/EPA Agreement (CON'T)
PAGE THREE
AIR QUALITY
Air quality has become a significant issue within the
Anchorage Municipality as activities associated with popula-
tion growth, commercial development, and industrial expansion
have increased ambient pollutants within the local airshed.
Most significant is the problem of carbon monoxide (CO).   A
large part of the Anchorage urban area has been designated by
the B.P.A. as "non-attainment" for this pollutant.  The
problem is most prevalent during the winter season as meteoro-
logical conditions favor CO buildup.  Additionally, some  por-
tions of the Municipality experience a total suspended par-
ticulates (TSP) problem.  Although measured TSP levels are
substantial during the summer period, the S.P.A. designation
of this pollutant is "attainment".  In the regard, there  is
concern that any future increases in the ambient levels of
this' pollutant will cause a change in the current classif-
ication, and precipitate another major revision to the
Municipal portion of the State Air Quality Control Plan to
solve the problem.

Proposed commercial development and projected population
increases will tend to complicate these air pollution
problems.  Furthermore, as industrial sources become signifi-
cant factors within the Municipality, prevention of signifi-
cant provisions of the 1977 Clean Air Act Amendments will
introduce another dimension which will affect the maintenance
of local air quality.  The resulting effects of variables will
require complex corrective measures and/or mitigation actions
which will require the cooperation and close coordination of
participating Municipal agencies.

Over the next few years. Anchorage will be completing an  ava-
                                                            ^
luation of the most effective combination of strategies for
controlling carbon monoxide levels and beginning to implement
these strategies to meet standards.  A major revision to  the
State Implementation Plan is projected for nud-1982.
                   249

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 I

 •                     ADEC MONITORING AND  INFORMATION MANAGEMENT  STRATEGY

 I
 _         1.0  Introduction
 ™             1.1  Purpose
 •          .   1.2  Goals
               1.3  Background
 |             1.4  Strategy Development  •  .                    ...
 —         2.0  Ambient Fixed Network Monitoring
 •         3.0  Special Studies and Intensive Surveys
 •         4.0  Compliance Monitoring
           5.0  Data Systems
 •         6.0  Monitoring and Information Management

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                                    -1-
1.0  Introduction
     	mil m in i MB. mmuf-^—^^~^*i^mm                                    *

    1.1  Purpose

         The purpose of this monitoring strategy is to provide the

         framework for accomplishing the monitoring goals of the

         department.

    1.2  Goals

         The goals of the monitoring program are as follows:

             Detect significant changes in environmental quality.

             Establish and maintain a definition of environmental

             quality.

             Ascertain environmental  threats  to humans,  plants,  and

             animals.

             Determine effectiveness  of departmental  programs.

             Determine compliance with regulatory standards.

    1.3   Background

         The program areas for which the department has responsiblity

         cover  a large  spectrum of data gathering,  data analysis,  and

         data use activities.   For the purpose  of this strategy,

         monitoring activities are limited  to those programs in which

         "hard  data"  is produced.  'Hard data is  defined as  that obtained

         in  the  familiar sense of  field or  laboratory parametric

         measurements as contrasted  with more the subjective field

         assessments  such  as  aesthetics associated  with landfills,  etc.

        The  programs within  the department which collects  this type  of

         data include air  quality, water pollution  control,  drinking
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                                               -2-
I
                    water, solid waste, hazardous waste, and or! spill response, and
J                  associated damage assessments.  Due to the vastness of the State
^     .             of Alaska, information gathered by the department is of
™                  necessity environmental problem oriented.  The-first priority
                                             »
•                  problems to receive monitoring, attention are those associated
                    with public health concerns and secondly specific environmental
•      ,            concerns for which the department has regulatory
                    responsibility.   For more general information,  there is a
•                  concerted effort to use the environmental data  and associated
•                  environmental  data collected by other State,  local,  and Federal
                    agencies.
•             I-4   Strategy Development
           x                          "
                    At  present,  an  integrated monitoring system to  provide
•                  information  of  the department's  program  impact  is not completely
•                  operational.  Many facets of  the monitoring program  are ongoing
                    however,  and environmental  quality  information  is being
•                  collected  for various  media programs.  The  concept that these
                    information  gathering  activities  could be expanded and  pulled
|                  together  in  a comprehensive framework to  optimize monitoring
«                  resources  prompted the development  of this  strategy.
                    Information  on the department's  existing  programs, past
I                  programs,  projected  data  needs,  and  means -to develop that data
                    were acquired through  interviews with departmental personnel.
|      '            In  all, the  views  of over twenty program  managers, regional
—                  operation  staff, and central office  staff -were collected.  This
™                  information  along  with  other researched material  was synthesized -
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                                     -3-
          into problem  statements,  and proposed  strategies  to address'the
                                                        •
          problem.  The strategies  are accompanied by  goals,  objectives,

          and activities to meet the objectives.  This document  was

          reviewed by a monitoring  task force to produce the  following

          recommended program for the department.

          The general monitoring activities of ambient fixed  networks,

          special studies and intensive surveys, and compliance monitoring

          are considered here.  For each of these activities, the

         monitoring goals and objectives which the activity  address, the

         present condition or problem statement, and a strategy for

         meeting the goals is presented.  This is followed by an overall

         discussion of the monitoring and information management cycle

         for the department including the data handling and  analysis

         function.

2.0  Ambient Fixed  Network Monitoring

         Goals:

              Detect significant changes in environmental  quality.

              Establish and maintain a definition of environmental

              quality.

              Ascertain environmental  threats  to humans,  plants, and

              animals.

              Determine effectiveness  of departmental.programs.

         Objective:   Develop  an  ambient  fixed  station  network operated

         continuously throughout Alaska.

         Problem Statement

         At  the  present time, fixed network monitoring is. operational

         only  in the  Air Quality Program.  The data  required  from the


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                    other programs is not b'eing generated to meet the departments
 •                 goals.
 •                 Strategy                                      :              .
                    Design  a fixed network  which, will  meet the departments needs.
 •                 The workplan  process  will  be used  to identify data needs,
                    specific tasks,  responsibility for the various activities,  and
 •                 funding  sources.  The specific tasks to be undertaken in this
 •                 process  are as  follows:    :
                    1.    Establish  criteria  to  decide  what should be monitored.
 •                 2.    Selecting  areas  to  be monitored.
                    3.    Determining  what parametric data  will  be collected.
 •                 4.    Selecting  station locations and sampling frequencies.
 m '                5.    Determine who will  store  the  collected data.
                   .6.    Determine who will  conduct field  or  laboratory  analysis.
 •                 7.    Decide who will conduct data  interpretation or  report
                         writing.
 |                8.    Establish funding sources.
 •       3.0  Special Studies and Intensive Surveys
 "            Goals:
 • >          -    Detect significant changes in environmental quality.
                   Establish and  maintain a definition of environmental quality.
 •            -    Ascertain environmental  threats to  humans, plants, and animals.
 -             -    Determine effectiveness  of departmental programs.
 •            Objective:  To conduct special studies or intensive surveys to
•            determine causes and effect relationships.

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                                     -5-
     Problem Statement
     Special studies and intensive surveys are being conducted by several

     media programs.  However,  there is no overall plan for the conduct of

     these activities to assure that the priority information for the

     department needs is being  developed with the optimum use of the

     monitoring resources.

     Strategy                   .

   ,  Design a system to  assure  that  the priority cause and effect

     information needs for  all  programs in the department are being  met.

     The  same process  and activities  as were  used in  the design of the

     fixed network  apply to the special  studies.   Use of the water quality

     problem assessment, hazardous waste  inventories,  solid waste

     inventories, and other environmental  assessments  will  provide the

     definition  of  environmental problems  for  which cause .and  effect

     information  is  needed.  An  allowance  for  contingencies such  as oil

     spill  response, damage assessments, and other environmental

     emergencies will be included in the scheduling of the  studies.

4.0  Compliance Monitoring

    Goals:

         Determine effectiveness of departmental programs.

         Determine compliance with regulatory standards.

    Objective:  Develop a program of compliance monitoring inspections.

         Problem Statement

         The status of the  present major compliance assurance activities

         within the department  are expanding  with the assumption of  new

         programs and new legislation.   Briefly the status of the present

         major programs  is  as follows:

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                                                 -6-

 •                   NPDES—DEC  is presently conducting some joint  inspections with
                     EPA.  Scheduling of inspection needs to be formalized through an
 •                   agreement in the SEA,  The  revised compliance  assurance
                     agreement which will be incorporated in the FY 81 SEA should
 •                   provide the required process.
                     •Drinking Water—The Drinking Water Program has a clearly defined
                                                                 *
                     inspection and sampling program.
 I                   Air Compliance Monitoring—Class "A" sources inspected annually
                     on a regular schedule.
 •               .    Solid Waste/Hazardous Waste—Some landfill monitoring is
 •                   proposed to assure permit compliance.   The Hazardous Waste Site
                     Program may require similar inspections and monitoring as the
 I                  .program evolves.
                     Strategy
 I                   The mutual  task  in  all  of the departments  compliance activities
 «                   is defining the  list of inspections  to  be  accomplished and
 •                   assuring  that  use  arid  travel are  optimized in  accomplishing
 •                   these activities  using the workplan  process.
            5.0  Data Systems
 J              Goal:   Provide ready  access  to  and accurate  display  of environmental
 ^              quality data.
™              Objective:  Develop a system to store  and retrieve all monitoring
•              data.
                     Problem Statement
•                   In  order to  achieve  the goals of  the monitoring program,
                    measures of environmental  quality must  be  available on demand to
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                            -7-
 the  public,  program managers,  and  those  responsible for

 enforcing  the  department's  regulatory standards.   Presently,  no

 system  is  in place to  store and  retrieve air or water quality

 monitoring .information  in a-timely fashion.   Retrieval  of  this

 information  should be  rapid, straightforward,  and  easily

 accomplished by  those  in need  of data through a system of

 automated  data processing.

 In a limited manner, the quality.of public water supplies  data

 can be  entered into the department's  Public  Water  Supply

 Inventory  System.  This system,  however,  will  not  accept

 information  relating to effluent,  receiving  water,  or water

 pollution  information.  Largely, the  data processing  resources

 of EPA  are being utilized to store raw water quality  or  water

 pollution  control data.  Similarly, raw  air  quality data are

 being sent to  EPA for automated  data  processing.

 Environmental  quality information  is  presently  being  generated

 by district  and regional offices through  field  measurements.  No

 system  is  now  in place to store  this  data by automated means.

 No system  is functioning to forward field generated data by hand

 to a central storage facility.    In terms  of  the departmental

monitoring program, this information  is used and then lost for

 future retrieval.

 Strategy

The department must develop an  automated data processing system

 to accomplish  its monitoring goals.  The present efforts to
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 I                      .
                      develop  the  system  should be accelerated and, provisions  made for
 •                   funding  as appropriate.   In the interim, those program entering
 •                   data into EPA systems  should continue until  the departments
                      system is ready  at  that  point the  data can be automatically
 •                   retrieved into the  department's system.   The-field  data
                      *
                      presently collected by the  Regional  offices  should  be  entered
 •                   into the EPA system by a directive to field  personnel  to forward
 •                   copies of all field collected monitoring data to the section  of
                      Environmental Quality  Monitoring and Laboratory Operations.
 •                  This data will be entered into EPA's system.   When  an  on-line
                      system is available to field  personnel for the storage of data,
 |                   Regional  or district office will enter the information directly.
 •          ^.O  Monitoring and Information Management
                Goal:  Provide oversight of the departments monitoring activities  to
 I              assure that all  of its data gathering" activities  are coordinated and
                that maximum use is made of the information collected by the
 I              department  and other agencies in environmental management.
 _              Objectives:
 ™                   To  define data needs of all  of the departments environmental
 •   .                programs.
                     To  establish  monitoring priorities.
 I                   To  establish  tasks  and responsibilities for accomplishing those
 -m                   tasks to  meet  the goals and  objectives of the monitoring  program.
•                   To  assure resources  and funding for monitoring commensurate with
•                   the  level of ^ponitoring to be conducted.
                     To  establish  and  operate  a data management'system.
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                            -9-
Problem Statement
                                             *
There  is no overall management framework  to assure  that  the

appropriate mix of monitoring activities  is conducted  in the
                  i
right  programs, i.e., conduct of compliance monitoring in water

vs. special studies of acid rain.  The  assignment of resources

and responsibilities is not clearly identified for  monitoring

activities and there is no framework for  assuring that all of

the available data relating to the priority environmental

problem in the State is assembled and interpreted for  use in the

management process.

Strategy

The following generalized diagram of the monitoring and  data

management cycle indicates a process to meet the priority

environmental  data requirements of the department.  Beginning

with the environmental  quality problem assessment, the process

and activities .would be as follows:

     1.   Define data needs of individual departmental

          programs.   Develop preliminary estimates of resources

          required and  identify sources of funding to accomplish

          monitoring.

     2.   Through  the work planning  process, establish  a

          priority listing of  the monitoring activities for all

          programs.   Consider  both long (5-year)  and short term

          (annual) needs  for input into the SEA,  Policy Budget,

          or final annual  workplan as  appropriate.
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                                                -11-


                           3.    Assure through the SEA that the monitoring component
                                                                 *
                                of the EPA grants  are met.   Distribute resources and

                                assign responsibilities within the department as

                                appropriate through final  workplans review and

                                concurrence in by  Senior Management.

                           4.    Conduct actual monitoring activities in the field and

                                schedule laboratory requirements.   Enter field data

                                into  data system.

                           5.    Conduct laboratory analyses and enter data into data

                                system.

                           6.    Gather information from all other  sources,  i.e.,

                                hazardous waste inventories,  solid waste inventories,

                                air emission  inventories,  self-monitoring reports,  201

                                facility planning  reports,  Environmental  Impact

                                Statements, etc.

                           7.    Analyze  all data available  from department  system and

                                other  sources  for  the  priority environmental

                                problems.   Develop interpretative  reports for  use in

                                management  of  programs  and  update  the environmental  .

                                assessment.

                     The various  components of this process  are operational within

                     the various  programs  at  present.   Implementing the  work  planning

                     elements of  this cycle, should bring all  of the elements  together.
                                                  266
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                RESPONSIVENESS SUMMARY
OVERALL RESPONSIVENESS -


QUESTIONNAIRE RESPONSES

QUESTIONNAIRE 	
269

274

280
                            267

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                         Responsiveness Summary
This responsiveness summary was prepared to show comments received about
the Alaska Department of Environment Conservation's and the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency's programs and how the problems are addressed in the
State/EPA Agreement or in other programs not  included in the Agreement.
Each comment is not discussed, rather similar comments are grouped
together and answered as a whole.  Anyone who participated in the State/EPA
Agreement development through meetings, letters, questionnaire responses,
phone calls, or other means) who feels that their comments are not
addressed in this summary should contact Marti Early in Juneau at 465-2603,
or Nicky Graber in Anchorage at 271-5083.

A detailed discussion of the State/EPA questionnaire follows this section.

This agreement includes'program activities in response to comments from
Alaskan citizens who attended public workshops in August to discuss the
State/EPA Agreement.'

Many comments dealt with enforcement, one aspect of- it being the need
for more enforcement staff.  This concern has been addressed in part
through the transfer of 16 environmental sanitarians, several meat,
dairy, and seafood sanitarians and inspectors, and the creation of
several new positions in the.regional offices for the oil spill program,
and 3 new positions in the regional offices for .the anti-litter and
resource recovery program.   Combination of the environmental sanitation
program and meat, dairy and seafood inspections ,will streamline and
extend DEC's enforcement capabilities.  The Department now has 4 new
field offices in Tok, Nome, and Kodiak, making both enforcement and
technical assistance easier in areas formerly remote for our staff.  One
suggestion was made for more experienced personnel - and the Department
this year is considerably upgrading and increasing staff training.  The
Department also will soon add a training officer to the staff.

Comments were made both to make less and more of an effort to enforce
laws regulating mining actitivies.   The .Department has recently developed
a program for working with Alaskan gold miners to protect water quality
in the State.  The program consists of technical .advice to miners through
a demonstration project to test settling pond techniques and transfer of
information to miners about successful ways to maintain water quality.
Also", the 3 state agencies with regulatory authority over placer, mining
activities have signed an agreement spilling out enforcement priorities
and authorizing the use of a single, one-page application for permits
from all 3 agencies.  In addition, the Department greatly increased the
number of visits to mining operations this summer, providing suggestions
on maintaining water quality and creating awareness of the Department's
intent to monitor for violations in the furture.

A large number of comments recommended increased public information and
education efforts.  The Department sees'this as a very important part of
achieving its goals, as well as a necessary part of tracking environmental
problems and issues in Alaska.   The Department will conduct extensive
public participation activities (including workshops and radio and
television programs) to initiate the statewide litter and resource
recovery program and to gather public recommendations on petrochemical
development in the State.
                                     269

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DEC's public information office will be making more use of television
and radio this year than in the past and 2 new school curriculum units
on safe drinking water and air quality in Alaska will be introduced  into
Alaskan schools.  DEC's newsletter, A1as ka Environment, will increase in
circulation from 5,000 to 6,000 people.

Many comments were directed at regulations.  Reducing regulations was a
common recommendation and while at this time there are not proposals to
eliminate specific regulations, several efforts are underway to streamline
existing programs.  General permits and permits by regulation will
eliminate the need for many .individual applications.

Both DEC and EPA will develop a general permit "for certain types of
activities (such as placer mining and seafood processing) meaning that
one permit will be written for a type of operation rather than one for
each operator or discharger.  This will save much paperwork while providing
uniform performance standards for all who run certain types of operations.

Soon, permits will no longer be necessary for about 250 operations
currently requiring air quality permits.  These operations will be kept
in compliance with State regulations by good operating and maintenance
procedures and continued surveillance.  Also, Alaska's solid waste
regulations are being revised to eliminate the need for solid waste
permits for certain types of facilities.

All of these forms of regulatory reform place more emphasis on
self-regulation among businesses and other operations.

Another suggestion made for the State/EPA Agreement was to make federal
regulations more flexible to fit Alaska's unique environment.  DEC
continues to work with EPA, at the Alaska, regional and national level,
to assure that Alaskan conditions are recognized in existing and new
federal programs.

Aid and guidance for disposal of septic wastes was recommended for the
coming years activities.  Part of this problem is dealt with through
grants to municipalities to construct treatment plants which will take
septage,' such as the grant offered to the City of Wasilla in September
of 1980.  DEC's water quality management planning program will soon  have
a contract with a firm to study on-site waste disposal and its associated
problems throughout the State.  The findings are to be publicized, through
a booklet for homeowners or prospective owners.

Several comments were made about the need for assistance in solving
Alaska's solid waste problem - landfills, junked cars, recycling, and
litter.  These will be two new programs addressing the problems.  The
1980 Alaska Legislature passed legislation for a bond initiative, up for
voter approval in November 1980, which would provide $30 million to
communities .for solid waste facilities.  And the Legislature also created
a comprehensive anti-litter and recycling program for Alaska to tackle
litter problems and encourage'recycling.  The program will include
grants to local governments and organizations, stiffer fines and penalties
for littering, a large public information and education program, youth
litter patrols, and a network of well-maintained litter barrels.  The
use of prosecuted litterers to pick up litter was sggested in one of the
responses and is already part of the penalties listed for littering.

                                    270
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More State control of Alaska's environment was mentioned as a desirable
part of the State/EPA Agreement.  The Agreement reflects this in several
federal programs that the State of'Alaska will administer during the
coming year.  Several parts of the federal air quality program will be
administered by DEC as will most of the federal wastewater facility
construction grants program.  DEC has taken an inventory of solid wastes
in Alaska and is considering taking over the federal hazardous waste
program.  DEC, with a program newly-strengthened by State legislation
enacted in the 1980 session, will take a lead role in spill prevention
and cleanup.  DEC already has. authority to administer the federal safe
drinking water program in Alaska, and is procedding on a multi-year
schedule to assume the National Pollution Discharge Elimination System,
a federal program for permitting industrial wastewater discharges.

A few suggestions were made to increase air quality efforts, and as  •
mentioned before, this is being done through assumption of a greater
part of the federal program.  But many of the measures needed to improve
air quality must be taken fay, local governments.  These measures include
better mass transit, vehicle inspection and maintenance programs, and
transportation planning.  DEC will continue to work with the local
governments of Anchorage and Fairbanks to help them develop successful
strategies for controlling air pollution.

One response suggested no more research should be done on cold climate
effects on pollution although the suggestion was not specific, Alaska's
cold climate has been shown to make significant differences in health-related
pollution incidents.  For example certain strains of bacteria in Alaska
have been shown to survive much colder temperatures than similar strains
in warmer climates.  And much of the health threat created by air pollution
in Anchorage and Fairbanks is a result of cold air inversions.  Much
information has already been collected on the effort of cold temperatures
in various pollution situations, but more must be to understand how
these unhealthful situations can be avoided.

More attention to Alaska Natives was a comment received on what more DEC
should be doing.  While the Department makes its efforts where pollution
problems are rather than where certain people are, it is true that DEC'S
main efforts are in larger cities.  The more rural areas with this
smaller populations often have fewer problems but are also more expensive
and difficult to reach due to the restraints of travel budgets and small
staff.  There are some new programs which may get field staff into
remoter areas.  If the voters pass, the 1980 bond initiation, money will
be available in 20 villages for sanitation services including for the
first time solid waste services.  Solid waste problems in rural areas
have been difficult to solve without local revenue sources, and poor
solid waste disposal practices may be a much greater health threat than
questionnable drinking water and sewage disposal.  Two years ago a
contractor for DEC reported that DEC must pay more attention to oil
spills in rural areas, and this year, aimed with new authority, more
staff, and a $1 million dollar a year cleanup fund, DEC will respond to
oil spills in remote areas, such as the recent problem in Kotzebue.
                                    271

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 One commenter said that the number of agencies doing water studies needs
 to  be  reduced.   Another comment received was that a water study was
 needed.   While this second comment .was vague, definite efforts are
 underway to reduce the possibility of duplication.   DEC is planning to
 fund other agencies and contractors to do work the Department once did
 in-house.                          • .

 Better zoning and land use planning was mentioned a few times as something
 the State should do more of.   Land use planning and zoning is primarily
 a local  responsibility, at least in incorporated communities whose
 governments has assumed that authority.  For the remaining.areas of the
 State  the Department of Natural Resources and the State Legislature
 share  responsibility for those functions.  Actual land uses are decided,
 however, in a highly fragmented series of processes involving local
 governments, State and federal agencies, private developers, financial
 institutions, home buyers, speculators and planners.  Air quality is
 often  a  function of where pollution sources are sited:  power generating
 plants,  industries, roads, shopping centers, etc.  Development on land
 above  or around a drinking water source can result in contamination of
 that water for drinking.  DEC review of subdivions for adequacy of water
 and wastewater disposal systems is to determine if land can be used for
 residential development.  While zoning will probably never be a function
 of  DEC,  land use planning is probably at the heart of many of the problems
 DEC deals with.

 Both DEC and EPA are increasing their involvement in wetlands protection.
 On  response to the questionnaires indicated that DEC needs a much stronger
 stand  on wetlands.  Activities planned for the next few years in wetlands
 protection are:  1) identification and classification of wetlands; and
 2}  local planning to determine development needs consistent with State
 and federal law.

 Stormwater drainage was a problem mentioned that needs more State attention.
 The Municipality o Anchorge has conducted a study on ways to reduce
 pollution caused by stormwater drainage and urban runoff.  The recommendations
 from the study are how being put into effect in Anchorage, where the
 greatest stormwater problem lies, through construction of new stormwater
 drainage lines separate from lines for sewage.   State and federal money
 is  being used to help finance this project.  DEC considers stormwater
 drainage primarily a local problem to be met though proper street construction
 and maintenance.   Federal funds, are being used now by the Municipality
 of  Anchorage to do a study preventing water pollution caused by snow
 removal  practices.

 Several  people suggested that DEC and EPA encourage technology that
 conserves energy.   Through its regulatory programs, the Department can
 significantly affect energy use at the local level.  In the solid waste
 program, the Department is attempting to find appropriate local or
 regional solutions to solid waste problems emphasizing material and
 energy recovery.   In building sanitary facilities in remote villages,
 the Department is giving priority to villages which can use a renewable
 energy resource.   And the Department is supporting exemptions from
 federal  secondary sewage treatment requirements in towns where such
.treatment is not necessary and creates excessive cost burdens through
 energy requirements.
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The Department is also active on a number of interagency planning task
forces including those addressing OCS activities, coal, geothermal
resources, the Susitna dams, and rural energy.   The Department strongly
advocates energy efficiency and development of renewable resources and
uses available opportunities such as project review, feasibility studies
and proposed legislation to promote energy conservation.

DEC and EPA will continue to gather public comment and recommendations
and use these to improve State and federal environmental .problems.
                                    273

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             SUMMARY OF RESPONSES TO STATEWIDE QUESTIONNAIRE
                               SUMMER 1980
                     FOR STATE/EPA AGREEMENT PROCESS
This summer the Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) sent out
a questionnaire to determine what Alaskans view as the greatest environmental
problems in their communities.  A copy of the questionnaire is attached.
Results came back from 292 people all over the State.  Results were
tabulated by four regions:  Anchorage {101 respondents), Fairbanks (29),
Southeast Alaska (66), and rural Alaska excluding Southeast (96).  The
last category may be a bit of a misnomer since it includes all areas
except the three listed above and therefore includes the Kenai Peninsula,
the Mat-Su Borough, Valdez, and other communities.

This was not a random survey.  The questionnaires were sent to people on
DEC's mailing list, which includes public officials and others who have
stated an interest in environmental matters.  The results are given in
percentages; these do not always total 100, due to unanswered questions
and duplicate answers to some questions.  No attempt has been made to
determine the statistical significance of the figures—the results of
the questionnaires are to be used by Department and EPA personnel primarily
to incorporate into the State/EPA Agreement and to determine any trends,
directions, or useful information.

Litter came in first place in the State as the MOST CRITICAL ENVIRONMENTAL
PROBLEM, with land use planning, air quality, solid waste, and oil
spills close contenders.  Here is a regional breakdown of the responses:
   Anchorage



1  Litter

2  Land use

3  Air quality

4  Stream pollution

5  Solid waste

6  Drinking water

7  Oil spills

8  Hazardous waste
Fairbanks



Air quality

Land use

Litter

Solid waste

Stream pollution

Drinking water

Hazardous waste

Oil spills
Southeast



Land use

Litter

Solid waste

Drinking water

Stream pollution

Oil spills

Air quality

Hazardous waste
Rural



Litter

Land use

Solid waste

Stream pollution

Drinking water

Oil spills

Air quality

Hazardous waste
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Accross the State, 78% of  the  respondents were satisfied with  their
DRINKING WATER.  Those who were not gave reasons of excessive  chlorine,
hardness,  iron, suspended  solids, high corrosion, bad  taste, and uncleanness.
A notable  regional response was that  12% in Anchorage  on community water
systems termed their water inadequate.  Also  in both Southeast and rural
Alaska, most dissatisfaction was with community water  systems; 20% in
Southeast  and 16% in rural Alaska found their community drinking water
inadequate.  The dissatisfaction expressed was mostly  with aesthetic
problems;  few of the problems  noted would produce ill-health effects and
no one noted problems with illness from their water. .

WATER POLLUTION was not seen as a problem by  70% of the respondents.  Of
those who  felt it was a problem, sewage was listed as  a reason by 15%
(19% in rural Alaska), garbage and refuse by  10%, stormwater by 7% (20%
in,Anchorage), and industrial .waste by 3 %%.  Other sources suggested
were autos, construction siltation, nature, mining effluent, seasonal
pumping into rivers, oil spills, and  land development.

Sixty-nine percent of those who answered the  questionnaire considered
the local  SEWAGE TREATMENT method as  adequate.  Notable exceptions were
28% of the rural Alaska respondents and the 9% who didn't know.  None of
the responses from Fairbanks recorded, dissatisfaction  except one out-house
user.   '   ;  "  .    .

In Anchorage 51% and in Fairbanks 66% of those responding said they are
concerned  that AIR QUALITY in  their community may be unhealthy due to
pollution.   In rural Alaska and Southeast, only 14% expressed  this
concern.    Causes of air-pollution were listed as, in Anchorage, autos by
57% and dust by 40%; in Fairbanks, autos by 76% in Southeast,  dust by
35%, industry 20%, none by 18%, and sources such as wood stoves, sawmills,
and winds  by 18%; and in rural Alaska, dust by 35% and none by 27%.
Other sources listed Included  garbage, dumps, generators, inversions,
aircraft, and diesel trucks.

A solution to air pollution listed by 33% was to pave  roads.   Car pooling
scored high in Anchorage and Fairbanks with 51% of the respondents.
Vehicle inspection and maintenance was seen as a good  solution by 30% of
the'Anchorage people and 17% of those from Fairbanks.  Regulation of
industry was emphasized only among those questionnaires returned from
Southeast.   Other suggested solutions were:   cold weather studies,
revegetation, street flushing, trains, nuclear power,  education, free
enterprise, oiling of roads,  stop open burning of trash, conversion to
electricity, lower speed limit, and less government.   It appears that
the people responding from Anchorage and Fairbanks, where the  greatest
air pollution problems are, have a fairly high recognition of  that fact
and a fairly good understanding of where the  problem comes from.

Sixty-one  percent of the 292 siad they would  be willing to CHANGE THEIR
LIFESTYLE  if they knew motor vehicles were, making'their community's air
unhealthy.                                 ".            '

The current method of SOLID WASTE disposal was found to be inadequate in
47% of the responses.   Of these, 66% used a city or community  landfill.
Southeast Alaskans expressed the most dissatisfaction  with 57% of the
responses  indicating inadequate solid waste disposal means.
                                                                  t

                                     275

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Twenty-five percent of the respondents indicated a concern that areas of
their community contain HAZARDOUS WASTES, with the highest concern
expressed by 40% from Fairbanks.  Fifty-seven percent said that disposal
of hazardous waste in isolated areas would not eliminate danger.  Fifty-nine
percent felt that an approved disposal site for hazardous wastes should
be designated in Alaska if the need arises.  Many suggestions were given
for the location of a site, at least a few being facetious:  Brooks
Range, isolated areas, along haul road, Aleutians, Mat-Su, high temperature
incinerator, an unsettled area, rail belt, State Capitol, not off-shore,
Spenard Road, Arctic Wildlife Range, Juneau, federal land, Kenai, near
source, below permafrost, on an island, near-major transportation, and
in Canada or Japan.  The fairly percentage responding with concern about
hazardous wastes is probably at least a relfection of the lack of information
about the existence of these substances in Alaska.

LITTER in their community is a problem to 78% of those who responded,
and 76% said they participate in local cleanup activities.  Fifty-nine
percent support the new litter law, and a notable 25% said they are not
sure whether or not they do.  The low percentage of supporters of Alaska's
new litter law is understandable since the comprehensive anti-litter and
recycling program is just beginning activities, and only time will show
what it produces.  A little over half of those that can recycle actually
do:  inconvenience and the newness of opportunities probably accounts
for much of this.  It remains to be seen whether a statewide program to
encourage recycling will increase this usage.

In Anchorage 67% of the repliers said there are RECYCLING opportunities
in their area.   In Fairbanks, where aluminum cans can be recycled, 52%
said they did recycle.  Of the 41% of Southeasterners who said they can
recycle, 26% actually do, and in rural Alaska, 8% out of 14% who can
actually do.  Reasons given for not recycling (reasons were seldom
listed with a response showing non-use) were:  don't know where it is,
need more recycling depots, need more statewide effort, and need a
community-wide system.

OIL POLLUTION is seen as a threat to wildlife, the land, jobs, lifestyles
or other community resources by 53% of those'who replied, with the
highest being 64% in Southeast.  The responses to the question "does the
technology exist to clean up oil spills well enough?" were fairly split,
with 44% saying if does exist.  Statewide, 32% of the responses indicated
the attention given oil spills by State government is good (48% in
Fairbanks, 19% in rural Alaska, 36% in Southeast and 28% in Anchorage).
Sixteen percent said the State gives too much attention, 26% said the
State pays too little attention, and 12% said they didn't know (19% in
rural Alaska).  By comparison, 19% rated the federal government's attention
to oil spills as good (scoring most poorly in rural Alaska), 24% said
"too much," 36% said "not enough," and 13% said they didn't know.  Those
who said the State pays too little attention to oil spills or who just
didn't know if the State pays enough attention will be a'good base
figure to ultimately judge the perceived success of the new State oil
spill program just now being implemented.
                                    276
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NOISE in the community was a problem for 38% of those responding.  The
greatest response to this question was actually from Anchorage, which
has a noise control ordinance, where 45% said they would like legal
recourse.  There were, however, a few qualifiers saying they wished the
ordinance would be better enforced.  Of the non-Anchorage responses 26%
said they wished they had some legal recourse to reduce noise.

Forty-two percent of the persons replying said that they REPORT POLLUTION
PROBLEMS to DEC, the lowest amount being in rural Alaska at 27%.   (In
Anchorage it was 37%, in Fairbanks it was 55%, and in Southeast it was
52%.)  Twenty-seven percent report problems to EPA (33% in Anchorage).
What kind of response do they get when they do report problems?  "Good,
positive, adequate, bad, phone calls, no effect, prompt, routine, fair,
little or none, no follow-up, a good ear."  There was a predominance of
positive comments over negative comments.   Why do people not report
problems to either agency?  "They tell you to go to another agency,.none
to report, it is the agency's problem, difficult to contact, don't know
how, won't do anything anyway, handle personally, handle locally, never
heard of them, enough bureaucrats, too understaffed, no trust."

Reporting of pollution problems to State, authorities seems to coincide
with the accessibility of the offices.  The amount of reporting may go
up with the addition of new field offices in Tok, Nome, and Kodiak.
There are, however, other factors affecting the reports turned in and
these can be grouped into four categories:  poor response or follow-up,
lack of staff and travel, lack of enforcement (which may or may not be
linked to the second group), and uninformed assumptions about what
people tjnnk DEC is doing.  Factors affecting reporting of problems to
EPA were poor response, frustration with the federal government and lack
of knowledge about what EPA .does.

The questionnaire asked the readers to rate DEC and EPA's RESPONSIVENESS
TO CONCERNS expressed to them.  The replies were:  for DEC - 35% good,
8% bad, and 25% don't know; for EPA - 17% good, 15% bad, and 43% don't
know.  Reasons given for poor responsiveness on the part of DEC were:
"not doing enough, not enough staff and travel, lack of enforcement,
goes by the books, no action taken, pass the buck, incompetent personnel,
not effective, lazy, they just lock up land, indifferent to rural communities."
Reasons given for EPA's poor responsiveness were:  "lack common sense,
little flexibility, bureaucracy, no local  office, inadequate, no cooperation
between DEC and EPA, don't like feds, too much power to check, not
rational, overloaded."                        -

The QUALITY OF ALASKA'S ENVIRONMENT has decreased, according to 55% of
those answering.  Reasons listed included more people, more litter, •
industrial wastes, citizen apathy, greed,  noise, dust, stream pollution,
poor planning, oil development, reduced wilderness, federal control,
government intervention, and too many parks.  Numbers of people and poor
attitutdes accounted for many of the responses.

Would the PRIVATE SECTOR continue improving or maintaining the quality
of Alaska's environment if government funds were reduced?  Not according
to 54% of the people; although 36% believe that private industry is
capable of controlling its pollution without government regulations.
                                    277

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Seventy-six percent of those responding said Alaska needs DIFFERENT
REGULATIONS than the Tower 48.  Suggested were "fish processing, secondary
treatment, mining, wildlife, fishing, water pollution, waste treatment
for boats, wetlands, rural sewage, stricter regulations, better enforcement,
permit overlapping, stricter oil and air regs, wastewater, well designs,
oil spills."

There are TOO MANY REGULATIONS according to 54% of the people heard
from.  Suggested areas with too many regs included:  "PSD 1977 Amendment,
non-point waste pollution, motorcycle emissions, permitting, mining,
waste on boats, wetlands, seafood discharges, the ones we have need
better enforcement*"

Most of the respondents were no strangers to PUBLIC HEARINGS OR MEETINGS -
70% had attended government hearings on the environment, mostly as
private citizens, but the second largest group attending hearings or
meetings {and the groups overlapped somewhat) was government officials.

A question was asked concerning which of three choices is most necessary
for EFFECTIVE PUBLIC PARTICIPATION in environmental decisions.  The
responses for the three choices given in the questionnaire are:  (!)
increased responsiveness by government to take into account what is
heard through public participation - 53%; (2) information and facts
about the environment and environmental programs - 38%; and (3) increased
opportunity to participate in decisions about environmental problems -
16%.  The toal exceed 100% because some .checked more than one item.  The
responses to this question are worth noting, particularly since most of
the respondents have attended public hearings.  Information and facts
about environmental problems are needed before anyone, including a
member of the general public, can make an intelligent decision and then
those who do bother to participate in the making of decisions must in
some way feel they have contributed to those decisions.  The decisions
cannot always be made the way each person would like, but studies have
documented decreased" frustration and increased acceptance of decisions
vhere the participants felt they were heard and understood why the
decisions were made.  The primary issue seems to be the quality of
opportunities to participate.  Those responding characterized the
opportunities given by DEC to participate in decisions as:  enough -
35%, too many - 7%, and too few - 41%.  For EPA the same question turned
up 23% for enough, 13% for too many, and 46% for too few.

When asked to choose which way they preferred to BECOME INFORMED on
environmental issues, 32% said the newspaper, 30% said by mail, 14% in
meetings; and 12% each by telephone and television.  Unfortunately,
radio was not a choice given them, although several people wrote it in.
There were very many multiple responses to this question (between 40-50%),
implying a need for using several media at any one time.

The OVERALL RESPONSIVENESS of each agency to concerns expressed to them
was rated as follows:  DEC - good 35%, bad 15%, and don't know 26%, for
EPA - good 15%, bad 25%, and don't know 36%.  Reasons given for DEC's
poor performance were:  "indecisive, failures, poor priorities, no
response, no enforcement, not concerned, ignored, they think I'm crazy."
Reasons for EPA's bad performance:  "never receive a chance to comment
on drafts, poor priorities, ignored, unresponsive, prejudiced, not
logical, too rigid, empire building, weak, overloaded, hung up, one-sided,
not enough people."

                                     278.
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Twenty percent of the respondents said that State government Is doing
enough to solve the environmental problems where they live.  Many others
offered suggestions on what more should be done by the State:  Moratorium
on studies and use what you have; more staff for enforcement; studied to
death and no action; too much interference already; provide aid and
guidance for septic wastes; enforce what you have; provide solid waste
dumping; more attention to Alaska natives; public awareness increased;
no more research on cold climate; more solid waste disposal technology;
open,office in Barrow; sewer and water system inadequate; education;
mining activity; no equal enforcement; replenish wildlife; burning trash
at dump; Alaska should have control of environment, get out of hands of
Washington; cleanup needed; litter barrels needed; need practical approach;
reduce agencies doing water studies; more support, to miners than public
interest; reduce regs, interference; growth through common sense regs;
Eskimos, Aleuts and Indians more attuned than laboratories; financial
difficulties in operating facilities; regulations are either not enforced
or selectively enforced; stress field work; not enough money to rural
areas; less government; more education; more mass transit; dial a ride;
more aggressive commitment; not enough enforcement; more experienced
personnel; more solid waste money; use volunteers; regulate mining;
listen .less to business; more public relations; air quality; stand up to
EPA for Alaska; realistic enforcement standards.  Saw dust in.air; cost
effectiveness; land use studies; secondary treatment; water study needed;
land use planning; oil spill cleanup; junk car disposal; recycling; DEC
is good, State good, too much federal beaucracy; more education, local
concerns addressed better.   Stormwater drainage; distribution office
needs more support; better coordination of efforts; decisions postponed
and.situations ignored; resource policy besides oil; too many studies -
not enough action; more attention to type of industry regs; better  .
zoning and land use planning; .not going enough to reduce duplication;
too many regs; better distribution of lands; clean up dust and litter in
Anchorage;, need to regulate small industries more; not enough public and
business participation; areas of high development; incentives with money
to Anchorage; write fewer regs and enforce realistic ones; need innovative
and better mass transit; use first offenders to pick" up litter; self
regulation; better public relations; State has no power; switch to
performance standards.  EPA and DEC excellent in doing job; question
whether DEC is needed due to EPA's power; less hierarchical decisions;
look at all Alaska; EPA taking strong stand on wetlands while DEC cowering;
get feds out of Alaska; less DEC and EPA; keep up good work; nice questionnaire;
avoid pressure groups; get government out of protecting environment;
counterproductive; try to learn from lower 48's mistakes; better and
more public info; DEC needs to be less scapegoat; cut DEC and EPA funding;
low technology needed; industry wants more on-stte inspections on data;
consider economic impact.
                                    279

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         ALASKA'S  ENVIRONMENT
                                                                  Q OK        D  Not OK
 Hera's your chance to give those government people a piece of your mind! What do you think about Alaska's environ-
 ment?
 Tha Alaska Department at Environmental  Conservation and the  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency are both
 responsible for protecting Alaska's paopie. land, water, and air from pollution. In September, aach agency will sign an
 agreement saying, what each will do so there is no overlap and so the most Important problems are worked on. Com-
 ments, last year, from people like you helped shape last year's agreement.and. as a result, this year's pian of work.
 Please help us make this year's agreement reflect what Alaskans really thiok by filling out this questionnaire, taping it
 with the stamped, pre-addressed side out. and sanding it back to us. feel free to remain anonymous, but there's space
 at the end to put your name and address if you want to hear more about the State/ EPA Agreement
     S-J Please retum to us by [uiy 18. 1980.

Of  the  environmental problems ui your community.
which do you feei are the greatest problems? Number
them, starting with 1 as the greatest problem.
G Solid Waste
'G Air Quality'
G Drinking Water
G Oil 3piUs
- Hazardous Wastes
                               C Litter 4
                               G Pollution of Streams
                                  Rivers or Lakes
                              • G T ?^H Uag. Planning
                               G Other (please
                               specify)
 2.  What are the last 3 digits of your zip code? 99	
DRINKING WATER
 3.  Where do you get your drinking water?
    C. (".immunity water system    G Private wail
    G Rain catchment            G Stream
    G Other
 4.  Are you satisfied with  the quality of your drinking
    water? (tasta. odor, appearance)
    ~ Yas      G No (why  not	,	)
WATER QUALITY
 3.  Do you feei water pollution is a problem where you live?
    G Yes        G No
    U so. woat is the causa?         G Sewage
    G Industrial Waste      G Garbage. Refuse
    G Storm water runoff      C nther
 5.  What is your present method of sewage treatment?
    G On Site             •      G Other	
    G City Sewer                G Don't know
 7.  Is your sewage treatment system adequate?
    G Yss        G No      . G Don't know
AIR POUUTION
 3.  Are you concerned that the air in your community may
    be unhealthy due to pollution?
    G Yes        G No
 9.  What is the major cause of air pollution in your area?
    G Auto        G industry       G Slowing dust
    G Don't know      G There is none
    .G Other                               	
10.  What do you think is  the best way to solve air pollution
    problems?
    G Paving of roads
    G inspection and maintenance of vehicles
    G Car pooling and mass  transit
    G Regulation of industry
    G Other	
11.  Would you be willing to make a change in your lifestyle
    (for example, drive your car teas often, car pool or take a
    bus) if you knew that motor vehicles were making your
    community's air unhealthy?     ~ Yas        G  No

SOLID WASTE
12.  Are there environmental problems in your community
    caused by solid waste disposal?
    G Yes '       G No        G Don't know
!3.  What is your present method of solid waste disposal?
    G City  dump
    G Private property
                                   280
HAZARDOUS WASTE
14.  Are there areas in your community that you know or
    suspect may contain hazardous wastes?
    G Yes        G No
IS.  Do you raei that disposal of waste in isolated areas
    would eliminate danger?
    G Yes        G No
    There is presently no site in Alaska that is approved for
    disposal of  hazardous  wastes. Oo you  believe there
    should be such a site designated if the need arises?
    G Yes        G No
    If so. where__		
LITTER
16.  Does your community have a littar problem?
    GYes        GNo   -
17:  Do you  ever participate in local clean-up activities?
    G Yes        G No
IS.'Do  you support Alaska's  new  Utter  and  resource
    recovery law?
    G Yes        G No        G Don't  know
RECYCLING
19.  Is  there a  system far recycling materials  in your
    community?
    G Aluminum  G Settles   G paper   G There is none
    if yes. do you use it?   G Yes         G^No
    (why nnt?T
OIL POLLUTION
20. Oo you fesl that oil spills could  be  a  real  'hreat to
    wildlife, the land. jobs, lifestyles or other resources in
    your community?
    G Yas        G No
21. Do you 'hinlr  >hat the technology exists to  clean up
    oil spills well enough?.
    G Yes        G No
22. How would you rate the attention jiven by the state
    javerament to oil spills?
    G Good  G Too much  G Nat enough  G Don't know
    The federal government?
  •  G Good  G Too much  G Not enough  C Don't know
NOISE
13. Do you feel aoise is a problem in your community?
    GYes        GNo
    If so. do you have or wish you had some legal racourse to
    reduce the aoise?
    Have:    G Yes         G No
    Wish I  had:    G Yes         G No
GOVERNMENT
24. Do you report pollution problems '.vhea you see '.hem fo
    '.he Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation?
    I  Yes         G No
    To the Environmental Protection Agency?
    G Yes         I No
    !f so. -.what response iiave you -graivpri?
    if riot,  wny ""'7                               	
22. How would you rate the responsiveness of sach agency
    :o concerns you  have expressed io them?
                                                          a) DEC
                                                            — jood
                                                            ~ bad (why?.
                                                            G don't know
                            bl £?A
                              — good
                              G bad (why?,
                              G don't snow
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                                                               II866
                                                    pnnanraojiAin]; jo -}daQ
                                          VSSVTV 'avaNoi    m -ON imaa*   ssro ISSLS
                                                                   ssaisnsaa
26,  Do you feel the environment in Alaska ha* decreased in
    quality?
    2 Yes        C No
    If yea, in what way?

Z7.. if funds were reduced for improving the  environment.
    do you  feel the  private sector  would  continue the
    process of improving or maintaining  the  quality of
    Alaska's environment?
    r Yes        D No

IS.. Does  Alaska need different environmental regulations
    than the rest of the nation?
    2 Yes        3 No '
    If yes. in what area and why?


29.  Do you believe there  are too many environmental
    regulations?
    C Yes        0 No                           :
    If so. which are excessive or unnecessary?	


30.  Do you believe that private  industry is capable of
    controlling its  pollution without government  regula-
    tions?
    ~i Yes        H No

31.  Have you attended government hearings on the environ-
    ment?
    2 Yes        G No
    In what capacity?    _ private citizen
    13 community leader            — government official
    ~ industry or business representative _ other_^___

32.. For  public participation is environmental decisions
    to  be most effective. * which  do  you tiiini is  most
    necessary?
    ~ Information  and  facts about the environment and
    environmental programs
    ~ Increased  opportunity to participate  in. decisions
    about environmental problems
    C Increased resonsiveness on  the part of the govern-
    ment to take into account what they hear through public
    participation

 Information Office
 Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation
 Pouch 0
 luneau. Alaska 99811  •
                                      281
33.  Which way do you prefer to become informed on envi-
    ronmental issues?
    C meetings         2 newspapers          2 mail
    C telephone           2 television          C other

34.  How  do you feel about the opportunity you have  to
    participate in decisions about pollution problems:
    a) provided by  the  Alaska Dept. of Environmental
    Conservation?
      C there are enough     C too many     G too little
    b) provided by  the U.S.  Environmental  Protection
    Agency?
    •~ there are enough       G too many       2 too little

35.  How would you rate the responsiveness of each agency
    to concerns you have expressed to then?
   a) DEC
      C? good
      G bad {woy_
   - don't know
b) EPA
  2 good
  2 bad (woy_
2 don't know
36.  Do you feel that State government is doing enough to
    solve the environmental problems where you live?
    If not what more should be Hnna?                	
    Other comments, suggestions, or opinions:.
    If  you  .want to  receive  copies  of  the State/£FA
    Agreement Summary

    Name and Address (optional]

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                         APPENDIX
REGION X EPA ENVIRONMENTAL EMERGENCY
 RESPONSE POLICY	 285

WATER QUALITY PLANNING '208' FY 81 CONCEPT PAPERS

      Interagency Coordination for Village Small Systems      	291
      Development of a Placer Mining Surveillance and
       Enforcement Program 	:	 296
      Best Management Practices for Wetlands 	301

WATER QUALITY PLANNING '208' PROFILES -.	307

INTERGOVERNMENTAL (EPA-DEC) AGREEMENT ON DATA
 PROCESSING COMPUTER SERVICES 	327

CONSTRUCTION GRANTS PRIORITY LIST 	331

REFERENCE 	341
                            283

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                           •   REGION 10    .

                ENVIRONMENTAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE POLICY



Purpose—With the increased  awareness of hazardous substances
transportation accidents, abandoned hazardous waste sites, oil
spills, and environmental emergencies, the public is looking toward
EPA to provide an increasing commitment to protect their general
welfare in these instances.  EPA, nationally as well as regionally,
is dedicating itself to provide prompt, effective response to all
spill emergencies to insure  this trust is met.

Response Guidelines--The following criteria will be in effect
immediately so as to provide a total EPA effort in response to all
emergencies as they might effect the environment and general welfare.

1.  Response Guidelines

A.  EPA will respond on-scene to all spills of oil or hazardous
    substances which have entered or threaten to enter waters of the
    United States and which, by evaluation of .available information,
    have been determined to  be significant1 according to one or more
    of .the following criteria:

         Potential for public health risk  (inland or coastal).

         Threat to sensitive environmental areas (inland or coastal).

         Political and/or media sensitivity (inland).

         Major and medium oil spills (1,000 gal. or more inland,
         10,000 gal. or more coastal).
              :'
         Major (poses substantial threat to public health or
         welfare) and medium (reportable quantity or greater) spills
         of hazardous substances designated in 40 CFR  116 (inland
         and coastal).

         Large quantities of non-designated hazardous-substances
         (inland or coastal).

         Direct request for  assistance by  local, state, or Federal
         agency (inland or coastal).

       •  The responsible spiller  is  unknown and Federal funds will
         be .used 'in the clean-up  (inland).
-
                                       285

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                                  -2-
                                                                                     I
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         Information indicates that state or other agency  response
         is inadequate.

        . Information is sketchy and spill is suspected to  be
         significant.                                                      .          •

While any one of the above can trigger an on-scene^response,                        -	—
additional factors and circumstances may also enter  into any                 •        •
response decision.                                           .         .               I


B.  EPA will normally not respond on-scene to spills  which  have  not                  •
    entered or do not threaten to enter waters of the United  States                  •
    or where the following circumstances exist:

         Minor inland oil spills which do not present any  threat to
         public health or the aquatic environment or  which  are being
         adequately monitored by a  state or  local agency.

         Minor (less than reportab-le quantity) spills of designated
         hazardous substances, unless known  resources such as
        'drinking water supplies are jeopardized.

         Small spills of non-designated hazardous substances,  unless
         known resources such as drinking water  supplies are
         jeopardized.


C.  EPA will encourage the states  to maintain  a  strong  response
    capability.   In  cases where  state personnel  are  first  on-scene
    or where state personnel  arrive on-scene,  they  should  be  allowed
    to assume OSC responsibilities  if their  capability  appears  to be
    adequate-.  EPA will then  continue to monitor the events and        .    •      •
    provide whatever assistance .is  needed.   If,  in  the  judgement of
    EPA, the state  is  not  responding  adequately, then EPA  will
    initiate procedures to assume  O'SC  responsibility.
                                       286

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                                  -3-
D.  The USCG is OSC in all coastal waters.  EPA will therefore
    support the USCG in any way possible during, such events.

2.  Organization and Operations         .  •      '

A.  D.ay to day functions of the emergency response program-will be
    directed by the chief of EES,.assisted by permanent members of
    that section.                                          .  • -

B.  Additional personnel within the Regional Office  (RO)  and each
    Operations Office (00) will be designated to be  available to
    assist in response activities as the situation requires.  Each
    00 will provide at least 2 persons  and 1 alternate for  this
    duty.  Where possible, these  individuals, and those  in  the RO,
    will serve a minimum of 5 years,- preferably longer,  to  maximize
    training and experience.  A replacement should be designated  and
    trained-a minimum of 6 months-1 year before a member  is  relieved
    of this duty.  A shift within the organization will  dictate the
    6 month-1 year training requirement.

C.  Designated response team members will respond to spills  at the
    request of EES and wi.ll remain under the direction of EES for
    all matters related to the spill event.  Operations  Office
    personnel should also initiate response on their own  when
    notified of a spill covered by response-guidelines,  but will  -  ••
    notify EES as soon as possible of their actions.

D.  The chief of EES may request  assistance from the contractor
    Technical'Assistance Team in  situations which he deems
    appropriate.

£.  Operations Office Directors will  insure that team members are
    designated and available for  response.  During  spill  events,  the
    00 Director will provide support as needed but will  not
    intervene directly in the response  activity unless  requested.

P.  Once the initial .emergency phase  has  passed, on-going monitoring
    and  cleanup should shift to the appropriate 00  or  RO program  if
    that office or program  is better  suited to  handle  the situation,
    either because of  location, availability  of  staff,  or particular
    expertise^
                                        287

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G. .All persons involved in a spill .situation must be prepared  to
    adequately document their activities.  The extent of the report
    will depend upon the nature of the  incident but must include all
    factual information and supporting  documents  sufficient to
    support legal action and recovery of funds.   All reports shoul-d
    be prepared according to guidance provided by the EES.

3.  Safety. Training-, .and Medical

A.  Persons responding to hazardous substance spills are not
    expected to risk personal injury or contamination through
    intimate physical contact with spilled materials, vapors, etc.
    Team members are to assess the situation and  coordinate  •
    activities from-outside the high risk area' and should  enter such-
    areas only in the event of imminent hazard to life  and then only
    if proper equipment is available, the individual has been
    thoroughly trained in its use, and  2 additional trained and
    properly equipped EPA persons are standing by to provide
    assistance.  EPA personnel are not  expected to attempt actual
    cleanup of spilled materials unless common sense indicates  that
    emergency .containment actions are within their capabilities.

8.  All EPA personnel responding to spill incidents must be
    thoroughly trained in both program  and safety areas.   Program
    training will include a basic orientation to  legislation, field
    procedures,, coordination, requirements, etc.   Safety training
    will involve recognition of hazards, use and  limitations of
    appropriate personal safety equipment, basic  first  aid,  etc.
    This training is for the purpose of enabling  personnel to
    recognize and avoid hazardous situations and  should not  be
    construed as encouraging deliberate exposure  to hazardous
    substances.  Attachment 1  is a current schedule of  minimum
    program and safety training.

C.  All response personnel will be equipped with  protective  clothing
  -  and safety equipment sufficient  to  provide  protection  from
    "routine" exposure to oil  and chemicals.   Included  will  be  basic
    clothing  and protection  (coveralls, shoes,  safety  glasses,  etc.)
    plus an emergency belt respirator.  The  latter  is  to  be  used
    only to aid  in  safe exit from a  contaminated  area  and  not  to
    support sustained activity within  an  area of  potential
    exposure.  Breathing equipment  adequate  to  support  sustained
    activity  will be available only  to  a  highly  trained regional
    office  team  for uses in  extreme  cases where  there  is  imminent
    threat  to human  life.
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                                        288

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                                  -5-
D.  All  response  personnel  will  receive a complete physical exam
    annually  and  an  appropriate  medical exam after each exposure to
    hazardous  substances.   The examinations should be designed
    specifically  to  detect  results of low level exposures.

4.  Administration                 . '             .
,    ^^-^•^^^^•^^^fc^^»™^^»^^^™                      .         ^

A.  Administration of the  emergency  response program will be the
    primary responsibility  of the S&A Division, EES, with additional
    coordination  between' other program offices as required.

8.-  Emergency response functions will be funded from a' $15,000
    centralized Regional  account identified by the Management
    Division.   Expenditures from the fund will be authorized by S&A
    Division  Director or  EES staff.

C.  Travel  advances  and standing travel orders will be made
    available to  all personnel designated as members of the response
    team for  their specific use  in responding to emergency spills.

D.  Hazardous duty pay will be paid to all personnel for  actual
    exposure  to hazardous  situations.  Eligibility for this pay will
    be determined by the  EES in  consultation with the appropriate
    program or operations  offi'ce.
                                        289

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                        Introduction to 208 Concept papers and Profiles
The concept papers should be viewed as indicators of what 208 problems the
State-'will focus on with their FY 81 Work plans.   Detailed final work plans
will not be available until January, 1981.


The profiles are not expected to provide the details found in the ifficial
work plan.  Questions concerning specific details should be directed towards
the work plan.
                                        290
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                                 Ccnrept. Narrative


                                        for


                  :eragency  coordination for village Small Syseems


                               20£  Grant Application
Problem
Rural.Alaska-  encompasses  ar.  enormous  land mass.   The majority of-this
land is sparsely populated with  small. Alaska Native villages lying
beyond- the boundaries  of  organized boroughs.  In rural Alaska there are
over 200 villages  with 107 organized  as Second Class cities.  Throughout
the unorganized borough there  is a diversity of terrain,  economic potentials,
cultures and  environmental settings.   However,  there are some fundamental
commonalities  found  in most  of these  isolated villages and small cities.
The following problem  areas  identify  these commonalities:


i.  The lack  of. available- local  government structures to meet the need
fcr local government entities  at the  community and recional level.
              s

2..  The lack  of an economic  base in the unorganized borough in financing
the basic, local government functions  (i.e.  planning, O&K for water £

sewer systems;


2.  Continued  creation of overlapping jurisdictional boundaries within
the unorganized borough used for both administrative and service delivery
purposes and  the inefficiencies  resulting from the same.


4.  The role'of the  quasi-governmental organizations as service deliverers
and the functioning  of such  organizations as substitutes for local
government when such groups  are  limited to serving only Alaska Natives.


5.  The inequities in  a system in which residents are net, generally,
afforded the  opportunity  to  participate directly in the decision-making
process nor  to participate on  an equal basis in terms of financing local
services  (i.'e. small waste systems).


6,  The question of  state vs.  municipal responsibility for funding and
delivery of public services  and  the construction, maintenance and operaticn

of public facilities.


The most crucial problem  area,  effecting rural communities is the insufficiency
of an egonomie base.  The resultant lack of local revenue has created a
unique situation for these communities.  Since there are limited local
funds available for  the development of public utilities,  a complete
dependence upon external  funding sources has- evolved.  The net result
has been unplanned.growth or the development of uncoordinated utilities
in most communities!  Various  Federal and state agencies have utilized
their own priori ties in the  design, location and management cf these
 facilities  and  not attempted to develop integrated utility systems for
Jc.ominunit.ies. '.
                                       291

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Th=  organized  cities  in the rural areas have the municipal power to
dsv % is?  and  iapisnier.t planning,  plotting and zoning ordinances  CAS 29.
42.040} .  Frequent!:; the expertise to carry out thfe execution of these
powers  does  not exist at "the community level.   Again, agency priori lies
are  allowed  to dosiinats and coitCTunitiss have unplanned development of
Prcjec. Description


Sec-ior. 208  funds  cannot,  address  the myriad problems of rural Alaska.
However , Section 203  funds  can be used to formulate a comprehensive
approach to .. the. development of efficient snail waste systems which are
an intergr&l part  of  a  community  comprehensive environmental plan.
AD5C ' s approach  to working  with  these communities will emphasis'' 'local
participation.   Comraunity and  traditional concepts of water usage and
waste disposal must be  identified and plans build around these perceptions.
Plans will not be developed externally and superimposed upon communities.
The public participation aspect  of this project is crucial for success _
in attempting tc circumvent the  present mode 'of village utility develoomer...
To achieve this  end, the regional Alaska native non-profit health corporatio:
will be utilized at every possible opportunity.  These non-profit entities
have close contact with all villages  in their  respective region and are
charged with identifying and protecting village health needs.


Project Goal


This project will brine about  interagency (public and native non-profit _
health corporations)' coordination for the development of rural Alaskan
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c otaaunity saall waste sy stems _ wi th  current  or  projected public service
facilities  (i.e. solid waste disposal,  safe drinking water,  alejiiris&JL
generation, etc . ) .


Object £1 _
To develop a formalized framework  for  interagency (public and native
non-profit.) coordination of village  small waste ^svs'r-eas growth.
     1(A) Identify involved agencies  (public  and  native non-profit)  and
          there current roles.
                                          \

     1(3) Create an interagency task  force  representing involved public

          and native non-profit agencies.


     1(C) Conduct a r.ask force evaluation of  current situation on a
          statewide and regional basis.


     1 (D) Task fores development of strategies  for  achieving  an interagency
          5 year agreement to insure  coordinating efforts.
                                     292

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Output:   Task  force  strategies for ir.teracency five year agree.Tie.-i-.


Objective 52_:   I~tferage.-;cy  a:cepta.nce of a five ysar strategy for
coercir.ative efforts.


      2 (A)  Task force  develops criteria for selection of 5 vgar strstecv.
      2(3}  Selection  of  best  ;  year strategy.

                                                                   \
      2 (C)  writs  rough draft  of 5 year strategy for ir.terager.cy agreement.


      2 (D;  Public coTsnent  of  rough draft solicited at. regional level
           throughout the  State.


      2 (Z)  Final  draft of  5 year  interagency agreement written.


      2{F)  Agency acceptance  and  signoff of 5 year agreement..


Output'-  Five Year Interagency Agreement..


Objective  §3:  L&ad: ag,2ZLcy implementation  of five year interagency
agreement.   "  ^*r"      '


      2 (A)  Lead agency initiates  coorcinative efforts of zhe 5 year
           agreement.


      3{3}  Lead agency monitors the progress of coordinative efforts.


      3(C)  Annually, lead  agency  will  produce a report identifying progress
           of and recommendation  for the five year interagency agreement.


Output:  Annual  Report.


TenativeCosts and Schedule


It is anticipated that  the project will take 22 months to' complete.
Total estimated  costs are £140, OOP,, with the federal share at 5116,700.
The State  of Alaska 2^% match  will be with FY 82 funds (.$23,300).


The cost of travel in rural  Alaska is expensive.   However, it should be
reiterated that  such travel  is necessary to ensure rural participation
in this endeavor.  A more detailed project schedule and cost breakdown
will be made available  in the  final work plan.


Development of Fcrmulized Framework


     Completion  - 10 months  after funding  approval


     Approximate Costs  -  $60,000


Acceptance cf 5  Year Strategy  Agreement


     Completion  - S months after funding approval


     Approximate Costs  S75,000
                                     293

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Lsic /.rsr.cy Iircieni9r.w3t.iori


     Z~..~ letior. -  2 months  after funding approval


     Approximate Costs  $5,000


Relationship to State/EPA Agreement - tine following a.re desired  resxi]
icentiiiec in t.he  £~ate/E?A Acrsemen-:


     1.   Resolve  municipal source problems.                  '


     2.   To establish  a  comprehensive  prograr. for construction  and
          operating village safe water  facilities.


     3.   Establish a comprehensive program for meeting needs  for
          sanitation services in ail villaoes in the -State.
                                     294
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                            Concept Narrative


                                   for


               cf  a  Placer Mining Surveillance And Enforcement Program


                          208 Grant Application
Problem  Description


Several  current  events are having or will have a significant affect on
placer gold  mining in- Alaska.   First,  the dramatic increase in gold
prices has encouraged minors to exceierate their placer mining activities.
Secondly, the pending resolution of  Alaska Land issues {D-2,  Native
wizhcrawls)'  will open up more  land to placer gold mining operations.


The rapid expansion  of placer  mining threatens water quality throughout
mineralized  areas of the state.   Currently,  there are over 400 placer
gold mining  operations in interior Alaska.   These operations have the
potential to threaten fish habitats,  recreational opportunities,  subsistance
activities and water supplies.     '             •-  .-


In the past  informal surveilance and enforcement procedures have  done an
adequate job of  enforcing water quality.   Currently,  the state has a
formal surveilance and enforcement agreement between ADSC, ADF£G  and
DNR. The tri-agency  agreement  relates  to  3LM and Z?A semi formally and
other federal land managers informally.   Current and anticipated  threats
posed by increased placer mining activities  will tax the aforementioned
working  relationships beyond their capabilities .


ADEC has statutory authority for water quality in the state.   Under this
proposal ADEC will -cake the lead in  developing and implementing a formalized
Surveilance  and  Enforcement program  for placer mining activities  in the
state.


Project  Descriptions


Goal: 'The overall goal of this  project is  to develop and formalize a
       surveilance and enforcement program for placer mining  activities
       in the state.


Objective =1:
     To develop a formalized  framework  for  interagency  surveiiance  and
     enforcement procedures.
     ' Tasks
        1 (A) .  .identify  affected  agencies  and  their  current  roles  in
               surveilance  and  enforcement for placer mining activities.


        1(3).  Create  an inter-agency  force  from  those  agencies  currently
               involved  in  ine  management  of placer  mining.


        1(C).  The task  force will  evaluate  current  inter-agency roles
               and relationships.

                                     296
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         1(3; .   usvelop .alternative  (by task force) strategies for  formalizing.
                _ir:ter-agency responsibilities.  ..


         i(E).   H-'aiuats the legali-.y and feasibility of strategies  for
                ^ise in final strategy 'selection  (4A) .
Output:  Feasible strategy alternatives


Objective  s2'                            '                      '


     To  develop.  = list of- 'economical and efficient surveillance techniques.


     Tasks


         2. (A) .   "Zask forces: identification of alternative surveillance
                zssthods for placer mining operations.


         2(3).   Sssearch existing documentation of cost and technological
                sff ectiveness of alternatives.


         2 (C) -   Evaluate cost and technological effectiveness of undocumented
             _  =JLternatives ..


         2 CD).   I^evelop a review criteria for identifying the best alternative,


         2 (E) .   I.-S.SK. force selection of the most appropriate surveillance
Output.:  A list cf  economical and efficient, surveillance technique for •
         placer mining  operations.


Objective g3 .    -  ..  -


      Identifica.t3.on  and priori tisation of geographical problem areas.


      Task .


         3 (A) -   Utilization  and analysis of available inter-agencv data
                &**&..    ...
                •" rr  ---- --- nn expertise.


         3(B).   Task  force priori tization of identified areas.


 Output:  Prioritized  geographical placer gold mining • areas in Alaska.


 Objective =4


      Task -force selection of appropriate surveillance and enforcement
      strategy.
               o

      .Tasks


         4 (A) .  Develop review criteria  utilising information derived
                in  outputs from Objectives 1,  2  and 3 (ie,  problem areas,
                surveillance  techniques,  financial feasibility,  etc.)
                                       297

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C."fout: Ar.
          =2.. .  Task force analysis of alternative strategies in terms o
                review criteria.     '                      - •


          d  -   Public participation in strategy analysis.


          Z-'  -   Selection of most appropriate strategy.


          2^.«   Inter-agency approval of surveillance and enforcement  •
                strategy,


           effective surveillance and', enforcement program for placer
          l_= mining activities in Alaska.
     Successful implementation of surveillance and enforcement program..


     Tasks


        5 (i,V -   Interagency adoption of fonrial -Surveillance and enforcement
                program through necessary means, i.e. cooperative agreements,
                memorandums of understanding, revlse'd" rules and regulations,
                etc.


     t: An effective surveillance and enforcement program for placer
        gciLf; mining activities in Alaska.


Tentative Costs


     It is anticipated that this project will take IS months to complete.


The total costs are estimated tc be '110,000 , with a federal share ar
 91,700__.  There will be a 2^% state matching with ?FV £2 funds  (18,300) .


       1)  Development of formalized interagency framework.


          Completion - 6 months after approval


          Approximate costs - 10,000


       2)  Development of an economical and efficient surveillance technique.


          Completion - 9 months after approval  "                      !


          Approsimate•costs - 60,000  •                '


       3)   identification and prioritizetion of geographical problem
          areas.


          Completion - 7 months after approval


          Approximate costs - 15,000
                                       298
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    4!  Selection  of  appro?-iate  surveillance  and  enforcement strategy


        Completion -  15 months  after  approval


        Approximate costs  -  10', 000


    5'i  Implementation of  surveillance  and enforcement  program


        Completion -  18 months  after  approval


        Approximate costs  -  15,000                <


L5.=ionship to State/EPA Agreement
   This project relates  to  several goals  identified  in  the  5' year
   •strategy.


    1.)  Have efficient  program  for inspection  of  placer  mining
         perraitters,  (including  training  of  staff).


    2.)  To minimize Water  Quality problems  from placer mining^


    3.)  To have a good•knowledge  of permit  compliance  status and.  to
         insure compliance  with  all substantive requirements.
                                   299

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                             Concept: Narrative  .


                                    for


                        Best; Management  Practices


                               for Weelands  •


                          208  Grant  Application
 Problem Description


 Several State and federal agencies in Alaska- recently  identified  the
 need to develop a current an.d_usable_jjui_de to environmentally  sensitive
 develODinent in wetlands areas.
 lr; testimony before the Senate Environmental Pollution. Subcommittee on
 July 1,  1930, State of Alaska described problems being encountered by
 404 permit applicants.  The testimony referred to numerous Alaskans
•proposing small, individual developments such as^ homes,  docks, roads in
 wetlands areas,  without any knowledge or 'understanding of the 404 program
 and what type, of projects may be approved under the program.  A manual
 of management practices would serve both to educate Alaskans on the-
 requirements'of the 404 program, and provide assistance  in designing
 projects which could -eventually be approved'.


 The development  of a manual of "3est Management Practices for wetlands"
 would =iso serve as a  training- manaual and field inspection guide for
 the staff of local,. State,  and federal agencies responsible for wetlands
 planning and management in the State.


 The development and use of a management practices guide  for wetlands
 would also increase the State's capability to eventually assume responsibility
 of Phase II and  III of the Section' 404 Program authorized by the Clean
 Water Act-   It would also "substantially improve the development of State.
 Water Quality Certificates for wetland projects,  currently issued by
 Department of Environmental Conservation under the authority of Section
 401 of the Clean WAter Act.


 In the July 1st  Senate testimony,  EPA Administrator Douglas Costie
 stated that:


      "Alaska has only  recently expressed interest in considering      '
      development of a  404 program.   Our review of State  statutes
      indicated the State already has much of the  necessary authority,
      and we have been  given to understand that the State Legislature^
      would probably be willing to  exact any additional authority required.
      We  will continue  to offer assistance to the  State for development
      of  a State  404 program"


 Administrator Costie also explained to the Senate Subcommittee how,
 under the 206 program, a class of  de minir.us activity may be exempted
 from permitting  under  Section 404(f)  of the-Clean Water Act.
                                      301

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 This program is "a potential solution to many of the 404 permitting
 problems Alaskans presented to the Senate Subcommittee..  A key prerequisite
 to this solution is the development of best management practices.

 State-EPA cooperation to administer and improve the 404 Program- is
 addressed specifically in the FY 1981 State/S?A Agreement.

 In Alaska,  there is an existing working group to design and develop a
 manual of management practices.  The "wetlands task force" includes the
 Corps of Engineers, the Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Fish
 and wildlife Service,  and the Alaska Departments of Environmental Conservation,
 Fish & Game,  and Natural Resources.   This task force will work cooperatively
 to identify wetlands "in Alaska and to assist in -the preparation of
 wetlands management plans in certain critical areas.

 Members of  the  task force have, both forwardly and informally, referred
 to the need for both training and a  guide-to improve project design,
 construction and review.   This group has the representation and expertise
 to provide  good overview of  and substantive contributions to the development
 of a  management practices guide.

 The management  practices  described will  be based on the unique and
 special wetland conditions existing  in .Alaska (fully described in the
 State  testimony)  and the  major types of  wetlands use occurrinc_..   The
 project will  include a  full  review of existing wetlands management
 guides  including  EFA's  September  1979 Best Management Practices Guidance
 Discharge of  Dredged or Fill  Material, and Oregon State University's
 1977 Guides Manual.  Dredcinc_in Estuaries  tc assure incorporation of
 existing  information, an  adaptation  of it  to Alaska conditions.

 However, a  major  wetlands issue in Alaska  is the extent of what could be
 termed  "upland  wetlands",  areas underlain  by permafrost or impermeable
 soils,  or muskeg.   These  areas are vast  and  occur,  with regional  varia-
 tions,  from Alaska's southern  boundary to  the Arctic Coast.   These areas
 are not the traditional esmarine or  riverine wetlands which are  the
majority of wetland  areas in  the  contiguous  -48  states,  and there  fore
 are subject to  existing BMP manuals.

These extensive wetlands  areas in Alaska are the ones  which would fall
within  the  definition of  Phase II and III  under  the 404 program,  anc
would  therefore be  subject to  State.jurisdiction under delegation.

 These 'areas would receive special attention  in  the  Alaska  Best Management
 Practices guide.

Prolect Description
The overall goal of this project will be  the  development  and assumption
by the State of Alaska of Wetlands Best Management  Practices.

Objective 1 - Determine the types of activities  and wetlands projects  to
              be addressee by management  practices.
                                    302
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      Tas.--.s •


          1(A)   request review of development prcjfect review 2.;.; permit
                files by agencies on the Alaskan wetlands task force.


          1(E)   identify what Wetlands are to be develeoped.


          1(C)   wetlands task, force meeting to review project and activity
                types and environmental significance.


          1(D)   develop draft,  circulate for review, and select final
                projects/activities to be addressed.


Output:   Task  force identification and prioritiration of Alaska Wetlands.


Objective 2 -  Conduct initial training session for agency staff involved
               in  regulation of wetlands..


          2(A)   identify training needs through evaluation of Corps of
                Engineers wetlands training program conducted in Alaska
                and  elsewhere.      .            .  _.


          2(5)   develop agenda  for training session based on needs of-
                agencies on  the wetlan'd task force,  local government
                representatives,  and  local developers.


          2(C)   conduct training session,  including briefings by experience,";'
                project designers and reviewers and site inspections.

                r^i'                                        ^
Output:   Develop  and  presentation of Wetland training sessions.


Objective 3 -  Develop Best  Management Practices Manual.


          3(A)  assign  agencies  responsibility for preparation or recommen-
               dations on specific practices consistent with regulatory
               responsibilities  (e.g.,  fish passage recommendations by •
               the U.S.  Fish and Wildlife  Service,  the Alaska Department
               of Fish and Game;  sediment  control recommendations  by the
               Alaska  Department of Environmental Conservation and the
               U.S.. • Environmental Progection Agency.


        3(B)   Identify  what activities will be covered by BMF's (i.e.
               homes,  docks,  roads, etc.)


        3 (C)   Develop 1st draft.


        3(D)   Agency  and Public  circulation,  review,  and revision of
               draft.


        3(E)   Prepare and print  final  draft.
                    ^

Cutout: Best Manaaement  Practices Manual.
                                          Jrl
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303

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 I'blertive 4 - Develop  educational an£ ir.farinationai tools based on the
 ~~            best "anageinent  practices  guide.
        4 (A)  Define major  public/developer needs for information.

        4(B)  Develop  hand-outs,  leaflets,  and displays fcr use by local
              Governments and  organizations.

Output;  Publication of  Wetlands  Education  and Information materials.

Objective5 - Assure widespread use  of the  Management Practice Guide.

        5(A)  Define methods to get  the management practices guide
              in use by  all local governments,  agencies,  organizations,
              and  contractors:

        5(3)  Assign agencies  represented on  Wetlands Task Force list
              of those in  (1)  above  to work with to assure avilability,
              understanding and use  of the  management practices guide.

Objective 6 - Implementation through 401 certification.

     Task                      -        _ .

        6 (A)  ADSC agreement with EPA•for 401 certification of Wetlands
              Permits.

Output:  401 Certification  of  Wetlands permits.
                                       304


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 Tentative. Costs and Schedule


 It is anticipated that this project will take 16 -months to complete-..
 Tots! estimated costs, are. $115,,000, with the federal share- at   595,800  .
 The local share will be provided by FFY El state matching funds  (SIS,200.)


 De-termination of Activities and Projects, to Addressed.


      Completion - 5 months after funding approval


      Approximate- Costs - $5,000.


 Initial  Staff.Training


      Competion - 7  months  after funding approval


      Approximate Costs - $23,000.                           >


 Develop  Best  Management Practices  Manual


      Completion  - 9  months  after funding approval
          i

      Approximate  Costs - $66,000-


 Develop  Educational  and Informational  Tools


      Completion  - 11 months  after  funding  approval


     Approsimate  Costs - $17,000.


Assure-Dse of BMP's  Guide
            .•

     Completion  - 13 months  after  funding  approval


     'Approximate Costs  - $2,000.


Implementation Through  404 Certification


     Completion - 16 months  after  funding  approval


     Approximate Costs  - $2,000.


Inter-agency Coordination


     The following agencies  will be members of the Wetlands task-force:
  t

     USCOE,  USFWS, USEPA, USWMFS, ADEC, 'ADF&G, ADNR, ADOTPF and  AOCK.
                                  305

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                      INTERGOVERNMENTAL AGREEMENT

                 ON DATA PROCESSING COMPUTER SERVICES
 I.  PURPOSE
         The purpose of this Intergovernmental Agreement is to
         specify the arrangements under which the Environmental
         Protection Agency will provide to the State of Alaska,
         Department of Environmental Conservation timesharing
         computer services at EPA's Washington Computer Center for
         accessing the STORET data System.  This service will
         provide the most cost effective and efficient means for the
         sharing and management of water quality data common to the
         goals of EPA and the State of Alaska, Department of
         Environmental Conservation.
II.  SCOPE OF AGREEMENT
         The STORET system is currently maintained at EPA's
         Washington Computer Center in Washington, D.C. and
         represents a centralized data bank for EPA's water quality
         data.   The use of the STORET system as it applies in this
         Agreement will relate to the storage and retrieval of water
         quality data in accordance with the specifications of the
         STORET handbook.
III. PROVISIONS

         EPA will:
         (1)   Provide use of the STORET system,  including input,
         retrieval,  and analysis programs  for  purposes directly
         supporting  implementation of the  1972 Federal Water
         Pollution Control  Act Amendments,  Public Law 92,500.

         (2}   Establish a STORET agency code for the State of
         Alaska,  Department of Environmental Conservation.  This
         STORET agency code will be 21AK with  unlocking code -
         SALMON.
                                    327

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     (h)   Accurate  Station  Type Code

     (i)   Control Code
                                                                        I
                                                                        I
(3)  Establish a valid ADP  account for the State of Alaska,             •
Department of Environmental Conservation at EPA's                       |
Washington Computer Center, (WCC) computer utility in
Washington, D.C.  This ADP  account number will be AK01.                 _

(4)  Establish and maintain a list of authorized users of               •
the ADP account referenced  in item 3.

(5)  Provide telecommunications capability from the Juneau              I
area to EPA's Washington Computer Center (WCC).

State of Alaska, Department of Environmental Conservation               •
wi 11:                                                                   "

{1}  Utilize EPA's STORE! system for the storage and                    •
retrieval of water quality data using the STORET agency                 •
code 21AK.

(2)  Run all STORET jobs at priority = 1 (overnight                     |
priority).

(3)  Only utilize low speed interactive terminals for             '      I
editing data and retrieval of reports - under no                        •
circumstances should low speed interactive terminals be
used for storage of water quality data due to the high                  •
costs associated with this type of use.                                  |

(4)  All STORET data shall be properly identified with the              B
applicable STORET parameter code and all STORET stations                I
shall be properly identified with at least the following                •
information:

     (a)  STORET agency code                                            I

     (b)  Primary Station Number                                        «

     (c)  Station location using latitude/longitude

     (d)  Location  Information                                          •

     (e)  State & County FIPS. Codes

     (f)  State name                                                    •

     (g)  Major/minor river  basin name
                            328
I

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         (5)   The Administrative Project Officer for the State of
         Alaska,  Department of Environmental  Conservation shall
         inform the EPA Administrative Project Officer of all
         additions, changes or deletions of users authorized to
         charge to account AK01.
IV.  PROJECT OFFICERS

     FOR EPA:

         Administrative:   Dennis A.  Schur
         (206-442-1580)    Chief, Data System Branch
                          EPA,  Region X
                          Mailstop 413
                          1200  Sixth Avenue
                          Seattle, Washington  98101

                          Ronald A.  Kreizenbeck
                          Chief, Water Surveillance &
                          Investigation Section
                          EPA,  Region X
                          Mailstop 345
                          1200  Sixth Avenue
                          Seattle, Washington  98101

      FOR STATE  OF ALASKA,  DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
Technical:
(206-442-1210
         Administrative:
         (208-964-2390)
         Technical:
         (208-964-2390)
                 Ernest W. Mueller
                 Commissioner of the State of Alaska
                 Department of Environmental Conservation
                 Pouch 0
                 Juneau, Alaska  99801

                 Deena Hankins
                 Director, Division of Water Programs
                 Department of Environmental Conservation
                 Pouch 0
                 Juneau, Alaska  99801
V.  FUNDS
    The State of  Alaska,  Department  of  Environmental  Conservation
    has been  allocated $2000  for timesharing  computer services  at
    the EPA Washington Computer Center  for  the  period specified by
    this Agreement.   If timesharing  costs exceed  this allocation,
    the account for  the State of Alaska, Department of Environmental
    Conservation  will  be terminated  unless  an amendment to  this
    Agreement is  submitted  which will specify terras and conditions
    for reimbursing  EPA for costs exceeding the $2000 allocation.
                                                  329

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                  APPROVED AND ACCEPTED
                         FOR THE
             ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
        By;
                  .James W.
        Title:


        Oatex;
                         FDR THE
STATE OF ALASKA, DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL  CONSERVATION
        3y:
                  E r n s 31 W. Mu s 11 s r

        Title:    Commissioner? Department  oi



        Oats:
                             330
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                                               -August 6, 1980
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 Dear Mr.

 The Department of Environmental Conservation has completed its preparation of  -;hn
 the FFY 81 project priority list for the allocation of federal water pollution "<^
 control grant funds.   Enclosed for your review and approval is. an annotated    .:K"
 copy .of the draft priority list, changed to reflect public comments.  Also en-  V •
 closed is a copy  of the priority list on the State format.  .^  . .c. .  • ~!'-")>^-£- '.-,•.•.•-'..*"".

 A public hearing  was held in Anchorage on July 10, 1980 at 2:00 p.au in the    ;;C";:
 Pipneer School, > Mr. Ray Blackman testifying'for the Municipality of Anchorage ^
 was the only attendee.  As a result of his testimony several changes were made  _•
 in Anchorage projects.  Written comments were also received from  Kramer, Chin  -v
 and Mayo regarding the Kbdiak Island Lake project; from the North Slope Borough -. '
 adding projects in Barrow, tfainwright and Atkasook and from URS Company modify-  ;
 ing the costs on  the Ketchikan project.  In addition,  some target dates and . •-.,.....;V.
 costs have been changed to reflect more recent data.   :^: v;^^.^ • -•  / ;4>.:.^r •;--

 The finalized 5 year priority list itemizes 89 projects with total estimated   -;
 grant awards of $132,949,000..  The FFT 81 portion of the list  estimates project
 expenditures of $23,054,000.  In addition, reserve accounts are to be establish-  ;
.edas follows: ;-. .V-  ••••'-'••••:+ ->''.;'='-.'.v-i".• "^-v ""'•      :    .."- '-• •..-.'• •''. •   '''..:.:'-'•*•-, •'• .{'':'j

      1.   State Management'Assistance Grant       .  .   -   -^ $  800,000    .-;-,;.<
'  -~  2.   Innovative § Alternative Technology Reserve  .;••-"882,601  -•;:.;•  5^
.;•  --;:3.. .-VSmall Community Reserve':..C'X:..',i*::-;.;'.   ''-.•:•-  ?v:r^: 1,400,328...; ;vo>^r
"'•-•• -^4.  'Grant Increase Reserve.•;*"-'"'•"':.--'         "..•"•'••"•-•"„     2,500,000 ":-^'^^ri
* '-"•• S. " Unidentified Step 152 Reserve     •  «•-.-,;.U,;Avi:;.•-,. 200,000 .:v-^^%^-
      6,,.  State Designationi Reserve•  ,.               • V v-   4r764.071  ££.?.:"-.':•;';'
I

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REFERENCE
 I                  1.    CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT ASSISTANCE DELEGATION AGREEMENT

  .  / %               2.    WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT WORK PLAN (1979)

 I                  3.    COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT ON PESTICIDES ENFORCEMENT (to be
                          COMPLETED* 11/80)

 I                  4.    COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT ON SUBTITLE C {HAZARDOUS WASTE)
 -                        OF THE FEDERAL RESOURCE CONSERVATION AND RECOVERY ACT
     '                    (RCRA) (TO BE COMPLETED 11/80)

 •                  5.    MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT ON RESPONSE TO OIL AND HAZARDOUS
                          MATERIALS SPILLS (12/80)

 I                  6.    MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT ON FEDERAL COASTAL MANAGEMENT
                          CONSISTENCY DETERMINATIONS


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                                                        341

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