EPA910-R-99-09
&EFA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Region 10
1200 Sixth Avenue
Seattle WA 98101
Alaska
Idaho
Oregon
Washington
Superfund
April 1999
Superfund Cleanup at
Bunker Hill:
An Overview
Aerial Hydroseeding of Bunker Hill Hillsides, September 1998
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Bunker Hill Facts
Did You Know...?
Blood lead levels are steadily decreasing among Silver Valley children, and nearing the national
average
A total of 1.3 million cubic yards of waste have been removed from Smelterville Flats
Over 1,400 residential yards were cleaned up by the end of 1998
Helicopters began hydroseeding hillsides in September 1998
The stacks at Bunker Hill were demolished in 1996
Cataldo
nehurst Smelterville
The Bunker Hill Study Area is a former smelting facility located along 1-90 in the Silver Valley in northern Idaho. It
encompasses the towns ofPinehurst, Smelterville, Wardner, and Kellogg and the communities of Page, Ross
Ranch, Elizabeth Park, and Montgomery Gulch.
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Who's Helped with the Bunker Hill Cleanup?
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA)
CH2M Hill (EPA's contractor)
Idaho Department of Environmental
Quality/Department of Health and Welfare
(IDEQ)
Terragraphics Environmental Engineering
(contractor)
Bunker Hill Superfund Task Force
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease
Registry (ATSDR)
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE)
Morrison-Knudsen (contractor)
Panhandle Health District (PHD)
Coeur d'Alene Tribe
Community Leaders and Citizens
How Can You Get Involved?
This brochure gives an overview of the history, completed work, and future work for the Bunker Hill
Study Area.
EPA encourages community members in the Silver Valley to become involved in the Superfund
cleanup process by participating in community education and involvement activities and giving input to
EPA as the cleanup continues. Some of the ways you can become involved are:
I Attending Bunker Hill
\ Task Force Meetings
In 1985, a Superfund Task Force, made up of
local citizens, was established to provide a public
forum to discuss the Bunker Hill cleanup project.
The Task Force and other citizens have played
important roles in the cleanup decision-making
process. You can find announcements of
upcoming activities in local newspapers, fact
sheets, and meeting notices mailed to
community members.
Participate in Technical
Assistance Grants with PAC
EPA Technical Assistance Grants (TAGs) are
awarded to citizen's groups affected by
Superfund sites. These grants enable
community groups to hire independent technical
advisors to help them translate site-related
information, participate in cleanup decisions, and
share information with the community.
In the spring of 1997, EPA awarded a Technical
Assistance Grant (TAG) to the Silver Valley
People's Action Coalition (PAC). The PAC has
been holding meetings with EPA and the
community to discuss the findings of their
technical advisor. To find out more about the
PAC's TAG and how you can become involved,
call (208)784-8891.
\Attending Local
\EPA Activities
In addition to the Task Force meetings, EPA
occasionally holds community meetings to
discuss the project. You can find out about
upcoming community involvement activities
through fact sheets, the newspaper, or
contacting the Panhandle Health District.
\Reading EPA's
\FactSheets
EPA writes and distributes fact sheets for
community members. The fact sheets offer
current information about the studies,
enforcement and cleanup activities relating to the
Bunker Hill Study Area.
For more information, or to be included on EPA's
mailing list, call Marianne Deppman, Community
Involvement Coordinator, at EPA's Seattle office
at (206) 553-1237, or toll-free at 1-800-424-
4372.
1.
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Bunker Hill History
History - How Was the Study Area Contaminated?
The 21-square mile Bunker Hill Study Area was
contaminated by years of mining and smelting
operations. Mining started in the area in the late
1800's and smelting operations followed in the
early 1900's. The mines and smelters produced
lead, zinc, cadmium, silver, gold, and alloys of
these heavy metals. Other plants in the Bunker
Hill complex produced sulfuric acid, zinc oxide,
and phosphate fertilizers. Lead, arsenic,
cadmium, and zinc are the main contaminants at
Bunker Hill. "Tailings" are materials left over
from mining and milling processes. Some mine
tailings were discharged to area flood plains,
some were discharged directly into the river, and
others placed in holding areas (called
"impoundments") that were built to prevent
tailings from washing into the South Fork of the
Coeur d'Alene River. As the river changed its
course, the tailings from upstream moved
throughout the valley floor. Past air emissions,
particularly from the smelters at Bunker Hill, also
contributed to widespread lead contamination. In
1973, a fire at the smelter damaged the air
emissions controls and dramatically increased
lead emissions from the smelter. The smelter
closed in 1983.
Bunker Hill Lead Smelter, 1920's.
Photo Provided Courtesy of the Kellogg Public Library
What is Superfund?
The Superfund program was established by Congress in 1980 to respond to chemical emergencies and
investigate and clean up abandoned hazardous waste sites. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
administers the Superfund program in cooperation with individual states and tribal governments.
After a hazardous waste site has been reported, EPA screens the site to determine if action is necessary. The
first step in the Superfund process is often referred to as the "Remedial Investigaton/Feasibility Study" (RI/FS),
and is the process by which cleanup decisions are made. If a site poses an immediate threat to human health
or the environment, or may cause such a threat in the near future, EPA will take a "removal action." Typically,
these actions are taken to prevent direct human contact with contaminants, remove hazardous materials from
the site, and prevent contaminants from spreading off the site.
Sites having extensive contamination are placed on EPA's National Priorities List (NPL) for further investigation
and cleanup. Once a site is placed on the NPL, it is investigated to discover the nature and extent of
contamination, health and environmental risks posed by the site, and options for cleaning it up. EPA then
proposes cleanup options to the community and asks for public comment on all the options. Once public
comments are considered, EPA selects a cleanup remedy and works toward cleaning up the site. Cleanup
may involve treating, removing or containing the hazardous wastes in order to protect the people living near the
site and the environment.
The Federal Superfund Process
Investigate
the Site
Inspect Site
and Rank
Possible
Hazards
Place Site on
the National
Priorities List
If Hazards Are
High Add site to
NPL for Superfund
Investigation
Conduct a Remedial
Investigation (Rj)
Identify Nature and Extent
of Contamination; Define
Public Health Risks
Conduct a
Feasibility
Study(FS)
Evaluate Cleanup
Options for the Site \
Propose a
Cleanup Plan
Suggest Cleanup
Option(s), distribute
for Formal Public
Comment
ect Final
Cleanup Option
for the Site
2.
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Bunker Hill History
Bunker Hill Cleanup Milestones and Decisions
Bunker Hill was added to the National Priorities
List (NPL) in 1983, and EPA and the State of
Idaho began investigating the nature and extent
of the contamination in order to determine the
type of cleanup needed. EPA and the State of
Idaho divided the studies into two parts. The
"Populated Area," which encompasses the
residential communities, was addressed first due
to the high risks to human health from lead
contamination. The "Non-Populated Area"
includes the smelter complex, tailings
impoundments, surrounding hills, ground water,
sediments and surface water, dust and adjacent
commercial properties. Cleanup decisions are
documented in two Records of Decision (RODs).
In 1991, the ROD for the Populated Area was
signed, covering residential yard and
commercial property cleanup. In 1992, the
ROD for the Non-Populated Area was signed,
documenting cleanup decisions for the rest of
the Bunker Hill Study Area.
In 1994, 20 buildings in the smelter complex
area were demolished.
In 1995, the EPA and the Army Corps of
Engineers (ACOE) led an emergency removal
of 80 buildings at the smelter zinc plant.
In 1996, the stacks at Bunker Hill were
demolished.
In 1997, the South Fork of the Coeur d'Alene
River was diverted to perform tailings removal.
In 1998, the removal of contaminated
materials from Smelterville Flats was
completed.
In 1998, hillsides hydroseeding revegetation
began.
EPA has identified 17 private companies
believed to be responsible for contamination at
Bunker Hill, some of whom are working in
partnership with EPA and the Idaho Division of
Environmental Quality (IDEQ) to perform
cleanup.
Who Pays for the
Bunker Hill Cleanup?
By the end of 1998, approximately $87 million had
been spent in construction costs on the Bunker Hill
cleanup, primarily on the Non-Populated area where
no Potentially Responsible Party (PRP) is
performing cleanup. EPA estimates it will cost
approximately $58 million to clean up the remainder
of the Study Area.
To date, cleanup of the Bunker Hill Study Area has
been paid for by money from the EPA Superfund
Trust Fund and money from companies who are
liable for the contamination, known as Potentially
Responsible Parties (PRPs). Under the Superfund
law, EPA has the authority to make those
companies and individuals responsible for
contamination at a Superfund site perform and pay
for the cleanup work at the site. If the responsible
parties cannot be located or cannot clean up the
site, EPA may use money from the Superfund Trust
Fund to pay for the cleanup. This money comes
mainly from taxes on the petroleum and chemical
industries. Under the law, the State of Idaho is
required to match 10% of Federal funds used for
cleanup, and conduct and pay for all operation and
maintenance (O&M) costs thereafter.
About The Institutional Controls
Program (ICP)
Cleanup at the Bunker Hill Study Area involves both
engineering and non-engineering controls. Non-
engineering solutions are called "Institutional
Controls."
The Bunker Hill Institutional Controls Plan (ICP) is
a locally enforced set of regulations designed to
ensure the integrity of clean soil and other
protective barriers placed over contaminants left in
place throughout the Bunker Hill Study Area. This
program includes permitting and inspection
procedures, monitoring, educational efforts, and
records maintenance. It was adopted by the
Panhandle Health District (PHD) as part of its
Environmental Health Code in February 1995. Call
the PHD at (208) 783-0707 if you are interested in a
video explaining the ICP and services offered in
more detail.
3.
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Bunker Hill History
What Are the Health and Environmental Effects of the Contaminants?
The metals that contaminated the Bunker Hill
Study Area have both health and environmental
effects.
Health Effects
Lead, arsenic, and cadmium are the
contaminants of primary concern for human
health at Bunker Hill. The following provides a
general discussion of the health effects
associated with exposure to these metals.
Lead can cause severe health impacts,
particularly in small children and fetuses. The
nervous system is the most sensitive target for
lead poisoning. In children, neurological effects
have been documented at exposure levels once
thought to cause no harmful effects.
Arsenic exposure has been proven to increase a
person's risk of developing cancer. Arsenic can
also cause other problems such as dark or light
spots on the skin, small "corns" on the palms,
soles and trunk of the body, and blood and nerve
disorders.
High cadmium levels severely damage the lungs
and can cause death. Lower levels over years
leads to accumulation of cadmium in the kidneys
that can cause kidney disease.
Some Ways People Can Be Exposed to Contamination
Environmental Effects
The metals have had adverse effects on the
surrounding environment by contaminating soils,
surface water, groundwater, and air. During the
mining boom of the late 1800s and early 1900s,
local timber was harvested to support the mining
business. Lack of trees caused severe hillside
erosion (the wearing-away of land by wind and
water). The lack of soil and emissions from the
industrial facility made it difficult to successfully
re-grow the forest. In addition, the wind picked
up contaminated soils from the barren hillsides,
spreading them throughout the valley.
Lead Levels in Blood Decrease
For children in the Silver Valley, average blood lead
levels in 1974 were above 40/jg/d/ (micrograms/
deciliter), but ongoing cleanup and education
activities at the Bunker Hill Study Area have
resulted in the steady decrease of blood lead levels.
Since 1985, the Panhandle Health District (PHD)
has made regular, voluntary blood lead screening
available for the children of Wardner, Page,
Smelterville, Kellogg, Elizabeth Park and Ross
Ranch. In 1990, blood lead screening services
were made available to the community of Pinehurst.
Each year, the results of the blood lead survey are
presented at the Task Force meeting. The 1998
average blood lead level was 4.8 fjg/dl. The goal is
to continue working toward reducing blood lead
levels.
Children Can Place
Dusty Fingers or
Other Objects in
Mouth While Playing
People Can Breathe or
Swallow Dust Particles
While Digging or
Workina in Soil
People Can Breathe
Dust Carried in Air or
Swallow Dust That Has
Settled on Objects Such
as Dishes
People Can Swallow Soil
When Dirty Hands Touch
Food or Cigarettes That Are
Placed in Mouth
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Bunker Hill Timeline
Demolition of 20 buildings in the Smelter Complex area
r
EPA/Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE) emergency removal of 80 buildings at
smelter zinc plant
Demolition of buildings at lead smelter
» Bunker Hill Stacks Demolished
Last major building in complex demolished
Smelterville Residential Soils Remediation completed
Haul road completed for removal of tailings from Smelterville Flats
Diversion of South Fork Coeur d'Alene River completed
EPA, FEMA and other entities funded $12 million of natural
disaster work in Milo Creek drainage
^» Smelterville Flats excavation completed
f Demolition Debris landfill capped and closed
r
Five-Year Review of Populated Area
1999
Five-Year Review of Non-Populated Area
1999-2000
Central Impoundment Area (CIA) Closure
1999-2000
Blood Lead Screening
Hillsides revegetation
Task Force participation
Residential soil removal
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999 Ongoing
This timeline covers the major cleanup activities at Bunker Hill since 1994.
5.
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Populated Area Cleanup
Yard Remediation Update
Under the 1994 Consent Decree between EPA,
IDEQ, and the Upstream Mining Group (UMG),
UMG excavates 200 contaminated residential
properties per year with lead concentrations
greater than 1,000 parts per million (ppm). The
UMG is a group of mining companies that are
PRPs, including Sunshine, Hecla and Asarco.
Each year, the UMG creates a workplan
including target sampling and cleanup areas. In
general, each yard takes about three weeks to
excavate and fill; property owners can continue
to live at the residence throughout the project.
The State of Idaho Department of Environmental
Quality (IDEQ) oversees these residential
cleanups.
By 1996, the UMG had completed cleanups for
all residential yards and commercial areas in the
community of Smelterville. Major components of
the 1996 Yard Remediation Project were filmed
and are available on VMS videotape. If you are
interested in viewing a copy, contact Jerry Cobb
of the Panhandle Health District at (208) 783-
0707 or see the Kellogg Public Library.
In 1998, the UMG completed 204 yard cleanups
on the north side of I-90 in Kellogg. After this
area is completed, the UMG will focus its efforts
on the portion of Kellogg south of I-90. By the
end of 1998, EPA and the UMG had cleaned up
a total of 1,402 properties in the communities of
Smelterville, Pinehurstand Kellogg. The UMG
performs its cleanup work under the oversight of
IDEQ.
Between 1989 and 1998, the UMG and others
completed the following cleanup work in the
populated area:
1,402 residential yards and discrete areas
109 commercial properties
84 rights-of-way
15 wells closed
At this point, approximately 1,000 yards remain
to be cleaned up. The UMG projects this work
will be completed by the year 2004.
Cleanup of a yard in a Silver Valley Community.
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Non-Populated Area Cleanup
Demolition Work Complete
Emergency Removal
In 1994, EPA Region 10 received $5 million from
EPA Headquarters in remediation funds. Using
these funds, beginning in late 1994, the U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE) and their
contractor demolished approximately 20 wooden
buildings in the smelter complex which posed a
fire hazard. Between December 1994 and July
1996, over 100 structures at the Smelter and
Zinc Plant areas were demolished.
Landfill Closure
In 1998, cleanup crews capped and closed a
demolition debris landfill at the site of the old
lead smelter. It contains the remains of more
than 200 industrial structures demolished in
previous years. This work finished ahead of
schedule in the fall of 1998.
Stacks Demolished
During public meetings in 1995, comments were
invited regarding the demolition of the Bunker Hill
stacks. This input from the community, as well
as environmental impacts of all of the stacks,
were major considerations in deciding whether or
not to demolish them. EPA worked on estimated
costs of maintenance versus demolition, and
provided this information at the Bunker Hill Task
Force public meeting in August 1995.
Following the public comment period, EPA and
IDEQ decided to demolish all four stacks at
Bunker Hill. Two of the stacks, the Smelter
Stack and the Zinc Plant Stack, were over 600
feet high. The demolition occurred on May 26,
1996. Dust control measures, including watering
the area surrounding the stacks and perimeter
monitoring, were taken beginning one week prior
to the demolition. A video of this work is
available on a CD Rom produced by EPA in April
1998; contact Debra Packard at (206) 553-0247
or toll-free at
1-800-424-4372. EPA acknowledges the work of
our partners in the demolition project: Local
Silver Valley governments and citizens, the
Superfund Task Force, the Army Corps of
Engineers and contractors, the Idaho
Department of Environmental Quality (IDEQ),
and the Panhandle Health District (PHD).
Demolition of the Zinc Plant Stack, May 1996
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Non-Populated Area Cleanup
What Other Work Has Been Done?
Sampling Work Ongoing
Sampling continues at the Bunker Hill Study
Area. This work is an important part of the
cleanup, as it is used to determine type and
depth of contaminants, in order to thoroughly
and safely plan for their disposal. Sampling also
helps planners determine how quickly metals are
released under different conditions. This helps in
the design of engineering plans prioritizing
tailings disposal.
Milo Creek Flood
Milo Creek flooded in May 1997. In excess of 50
homes and approximately five miles of public
rights of way were damaged and/or
recontaminated with mine tailings as a result.
EPA, the Federal Emergency Management
Agency (FEMA), the State of Idaho and others
cooperated to fund $12 million for flood control
projects, which occurred in two phases: short-
term emergency construction, and a long-term
permanent fix. The permanent solution was
designed to stabilize the entire creek channel,
from upper Milo Creek to the Coeur d'Alene
River.
Gulch Cleanup Update
In 1996, Morrison-Knudsen began work on
contaminated soil removal in Government Gulch.
Over 500,000 cubic yards of this soil was
removed from areas around the Industrial
Complex and taken to the Closure Area at the
former Lead Smelter for disposal. Nearly
200,000 cubic yards of clean fill and cover
material were brought back into Government
Gulch as part of completing the remedy.
In the summer of 1998, workers removed soils
contaminated with heavy metals from several
gulches and ravines within the Bunker Hill Study
Area. After workers cleared these areas of
buildings and contaminated soils, they brought in
clean materials and re-planted the areas. Three
miles of creeks, complete with grade control
structures and check dams, have been
reconstructed.
^^^^^BH
Oak Street, in Kellogg, during the May 1997 Milo Creek Flood.
8.
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Non-Populated Area Cleanup
What Other Work Has Been Done?
Smelterville Flats Excavation Complete
In September 1997 the haul road used to
transport excavated tailings from Smelterville
Flats, an area along the South Fork of the Coeur
d'Alene River, was finished. In 1998, workers
completed the excavation of contaminated
materials from Smelterville Flats, a major cleanup
accomplishment. Excavation took place on both
the south and north sides of I-90. Contractors
excavated down to four feet in most areas, and
deeper in areas where contamination was found
to be deeper. By September 1998, 1.3 million
cubic yards of waste had been removed from the
Flats. This removal project was the joint effort of
EPA's contractor, CH2M Hill, the U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers, and Terragraphics
Environmental Engineering, the State of Idaho's
Contractor. IDEQ, EPA, and ACOE inspected
this cleanup afterwards to ensure the work was
completed properly.
South Fork of the Coeur d'Alene River
Diverted
In 1997, the diversion of the South Fork of the
Coeur d'Alene River was completed, a crucial
part of the removal/river reconstruction work.
Re-channeling the river for winter 1998 was an
important accomplishment to prevent flooding of
the flats and consequent spreading of
contamination, and enabled workers to remove
contaminants under "dry" conditions.
The re-routing of the South Fork of the Coeur
d'Alene River has created a new river course
within the existing floodplain. Approximately 21/4
miles of the river were reconstructed. Clean fill
was added to reshape the river channel as the
tailings were removed, as well as topsoil to
revegetate the Flats. The contaminated tailings
were permanently deposited in the Central
Impoundment Area (CIA), the largest
impoundment area in the Bunker Hill Study Area.
Cleanup managers foresee that this project will
improve fish habitat by creating more pools,
meanders and in-stream structures for shade, as
well as reduce further downstream damage from
contaminated sediments originating from
Smelterville Flats. Flats revegetation is projected
to be completed in 1999.
Union Pacific Railroad/Stauffer Work
In 1995, the public was invited to comment on a
Consent Decree requiring cleanup of the Union
Pacific Railroad (UPRR) right-of-way within the
Bunker Hill Study Area. The Consent Decree
outlined responsibilities of companies in
performing cleanup work. Companies included
Stauffer, Rhone Poulenc, and Union Pacific. The
EPA and IDEQ are also parties involved in this
settlement agreement.
In 1995, the Consent Decree was finalized and
UPRR began removing railroad tracks in August
1996. Before the Decree was signed, UPRR had
completed lead sampling along the right-of-way
and excavation of soils containing high lead
levels.
The 1.5-mile long Kellogg Greenbelt area (from
the old Kellogg Railroad Depot to the Gondola
parking lot) is planned to be paved in the future
for use as a recreational trail/multiple use area.
In 1997, this area was cleaned up and covered
with a gravel and soil barrier.
South Fork Coeur d'Alene River - Theatre Bridge Diversion,
1997
9.
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Non-Populated Area Cleanup
What Other Work Has Been Done?
Hillsides Project Update
Planting trees and other vegetation on hillsides is
an important part of the cleanup at Bunker Hill.
Planting reduces erosion, helps prevent
contaminated sediments from moving down the
hillsides into residential yards and the river, and
is part of the EPA/I DEQ chosen remedy.
In September 1998, crews used helicopters and
hydroseeding equipment to begin hillside
revegetation. The hillsides targeted for 1998's
efforts were the east and west slopes of
Government Gulch and hillsides near Deadwood
Gulch. Because many of the hillsides were
inaccessible by land-based equipment, a Sikorski
sky crane helicopter was used to apply some of
the revegetation materials. In this first phase of
a three-year project, approximately 200 acres
were revegetated. In the spring of 1999, EPA
Helicopter Hydroseeding Bunker Hill Hillsides, Fall 1998.
plans to lime soils on other hillsides, and do more
revegetation work in the fall of 1999.
Hillsides Project Background
In the late 1970's, Gulf Resources planted over
one million trees which have had a 90% growth
success rate. These trees are flourishing today
and have greatly helped to reduce erosion.
In 1990, EPA, Pintlar Corporation, and Hecla
Mining Company signed an agreement to
revegetate and stabilize hillsides within the
Bunker Hill Study Area. Approximately 1.75
million seedlings had been planted on Bunker
Hill hillsides before EPA began its hillsides work.
By December 1994, nearly a million additional
trees were planted and over 50 miles of terraces
constructed.
In 1995, EPA and IDEQ worked with the City
of Smelterville to address hillside sloughing
problems, and ordered seedlings, grasses,
and shrubbery which were planted in the
spring of 1996. In 1997, EPA oversaw the
planting and monitoring of test plots to collect
data that assisted with developing a design for
full-scale revegetation.
Bunker Hill Hillsides.
10.
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Non-Populated Area Cleanup
The Future for Bunker Hill
CIA Closure
In 1999, a major step in the cleanup process at
Bunker Hill will be the closure of the 260-acre
Central Impoundment Area (CIA), which contains
soils and waste material removed from on and
around the smelter complex. The closure design
was completed in February 1999; the State of
Idaho had the lead on this with support from
contractors Terragraphics and CH2M Hill.
Closure will involve installing a waterproof PVC
(polyvinyl chloride) cover to prevent any
rainwater from leaching metals out of the CIA.
Because the CIA has been identified as the
largest source of metals loading to the river, this
will be a major step forward in reducing pollution.
Closure will continue through the rest of 1999, to
be completed in the year 2000.
Property Transfer Status and Brownfield
Grant News
Under the Superfund Program, after cleanup is
complete and performance standards are in
place, EPA will transfer this remediated property
to the State of Idaho for long term operation and
maintenance (O&M) activities. The State is
currently working on a plan that will describe the
specific O&M procedures that will be used, and
will work with the community on this project over
the next several months. In addition, under an
EPA Brownfields Grant, the Panhandle Health
District is working with the Silver Valley
Economic Development Corporation and
Shoshone County to assist local citizens in
planning possible redevelopment projects.
Brownfields grants are awarded by EPA to help
communities develop vacant or underutilized
properties where environmental concerns
complicate or delay property sale and
redevelopment.
Central Impoundment Area (CIA) looking Northeast, July 1998.
11.
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Non-Populated Area Cleanup
The Future for Bunker Hill
Five-Year Review in 1999
In 1999, EPA will be conducting a Five-Year
Review of the populated areas to evaluate the
protectiveness of the cleanup remedies chosen
for the Bunker Hill Study Area. EPA hopes to
complete this part of the review in 1999. The
Five-Year Review is mandated under the
Superfund Program and is the primary tool for
determining effectiveness of remedies in
protecting human health and the environment.
During this review, EPA seeks community input
and peer review. Any part of the remedy not
found sufficiently protective of human health or
the environment will be evaluated for further
action. Aspects of the populated area remedy
being reviewed include:
Barrier Effectiveness
Blood Lead Levels
House Dust Levels
Institutional Controls Program (ICP)
Fugitive dust - recontamination
Other Recontamination Sources
Arsenic, Cadmium Risks
Sampling Accuracy
Review Applicable Federal, State and Local
Regulatory Requirements
EPA will use previously gathered information,
literature searches, interviews, new sampling
events, and potentially a re-evaluation of portions
of the risk assessment to coordinate the 1999
Five-Year Review. Sampling has already
occurred in yards, rights-of-way, and hillside
areas for the 1999 review.
The Five-Year Review for the Non-Populated
areas of the Bunker Hill Study Area will also
begin in 1999. During this review EPA will look
at cleanup goals to see what has been
accomplished to date and what remains to be
completed. Monitoring data from the Bunker Hill
Study Area will be summarized to look at any
trends or patterns. EPA will also consider
Operation and Maintenance (O&M) issues.
Sikorski sky crane helicopter used for hydroseeding Bunker Hill hillsides, Fall 1998.
12.
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For More Information
9
Contact the
Following People
Earl Liverman, EPA Project Manager
Coeur d'Alene, Idaho (208) 664-4858
Sean Sheldrake, EPA Project Manager
Seattle, Washington (206) 553-1220
Cami Grandinetti, EPA Project Manager
Seattle, Washington (206) 553-8696
Mary Kay Voytilla, EPA Project Manager
Seattle, Washington (206)553-2712
Marianne Deppman, EPA Community
Involvement Coordinator
Seattle, Washington (206) 553-1237
(EPA's Seattle staff can also be reached
toll-free at 1-800-424-4372)
Mike Thomas, State of Idaho/IDEQ
Boise, Idaho (208) 334-5879
Scott Peterson, State of Idaho/IDEQ
Kellogg, Idaho (208) 783-5781
Jerry Cobb, Panhandle Health District
Kellogg, Idaho (208) 783-0707
Richard Kauffman, ATSDR
Seattle, Washington (206) 553-2632
S
Visit the
Site Office
State and EPA officials are available during
working hours to talk with citizens:
1005W. McKinley
Kellogg, Idaho 83837
(208) 783-5781
Visit the
Information Repositories
All documents related to the Bunker Hill Study
Area are placed in the following locations for
public review:
Kellogg Public Library
16W. Market
Kellogg, ID
Pinehurst/Kingston Library
107 Main Street
Pinehurst, Idaho
A CD Rom, created in April 1998, is also available
with information on cleanup at the Bunker Hill Study Area.
To order, please call Debra Packard at
EPA's Seattle office at (206) 553-0247,
or toll-free at 1-800-424-4372
To ensure effective communication with everyone, additional services can be made available by
calling EPA's toll-free number 1-800-424-4372
Web Surfing for EPA Region 10: check out our homepage at:
http://www.epa.gov/r10earth
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