GCA-T1-71-7-G
STATEWIDE EMISSION INVENTORY
of
NORTH DAKOTA
by
Raymond D. Fox
Billy C. McCoy
Prepared by
GCA CORPORATION-
GCA TICHNOLOGY DIVISION
Bedford, Massachusetts 01730
Contract No. 68-02-0041
August 1971
Prepared for
OFFICE OF AIR PROGRAMS
_EfcMRQfclMEfcttAL PROTfCTION AGiNCY
-------
GCA-TR-71-7-G
Prepared by
GCA CORPORATION
GCA TECHNOLOGY DIVISION
Bedford, Massachusetts
Contract No. 68-02-0041
August 1971
Prepared for
OFFICE OF AIR PROGRAMS
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
STATEWIDE EMISSION INVENTORY
OF
NORTH DAKOTA
by
Raymond D. Fox
Billy C- McCoy
-------
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The writers were assisted in obtaining this statewide air pollutant
emission inventory for North Dakota by many people, and it is not pos-
sible in the limited space available to mention them all by name. Never-
theless, we wish to express our extreme gratitude to all of those people
involved with this effort.
Special thanks are due to Gene Christiansen, Director, and Dana K.
Mount of the Division of Environmental Engineering of the North Dakota
State Department of Health. Darwin Schultz, North Dakota State Assignee,
and Dale Wells, Technical Advisor - Region VIII, of the Office of Air
Programs, Environmental Protection Agency, should be thanked for their
considerable efforts, also.
-------
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Title Page
I INTRODUCTION 1
A. BACKGROUND OF PROGRAM 1
B. DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM 1
C. USE OF THE INVENTORY 3
II SUMMARY 4
A. PARTICULATES 4
B. SULFUR DIOXIDE 11
C. CARBON MONOXIDE 11
D. HYDROCARBONS 11
E. NITROGEN OXIDES
III AREA DESCRIPTION 12
IV METHODOLOGY 13
A. DEFINITION OF POINT AND AREA SOURCES 13
1. Definition of Point Sources 13
2. Definition of Area Sources 14
B. POINT SOURCE METHODOLOGY 15
1. Data Collection 15
2. Data Analysis 18
C. AREA SOURCES 20
1. Area Source References 20
2. Data Analysis 20
V COMPUTER PRINTOUT 29
A. POINT SOURCE PRINTOUT 29
B. AREA SOURCE PRINTOUT 37
ii
-------
LIST OF TABLES
Table Title Page
1 EMISSIONS INVENTORY SUMMARY FOR THE STATE OF 5
NORTH DAKOTA - REGION 130
2 EMISSIONS INVENTORY SUMMARY FOR THE STATE OF 6
NORTH DAKOTA, CITIES OF FARGO AND WEST FARGO-
REGION 130
3 EMISSIONS INVENTORY SUMMARY FOR THE STATE OF 7
NORTH DAKOTA - REGION 172
4 EMISSIONS INVENTORY SUMMARY FOR THE STATE OF 8
NORTH DAKOTA, CITIES OF BISMARCK AND MANDAN-
REGION 172
5 EMISSIONS INVENTORY SUMMARY FOR THE STATE OF 9
NORTH DAKOTA, CITY OF GRAND FORKS -REGION 172
6 EMISSIONS INVENTORY SUMMARY FOR THE STATE OF 10
NORTH DAKOTA, CITY OF MINOT - REGION 172
7 SUMMARY OF RESPONSE TO QUESTIONNAIRE MAILING 17
8 FUELS CONSUMED BY AREA SOURCES IN NORTH DAKOTA 21
9 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION (SIC) NUMBERS 30
AND ASSOCIATED PROCESS CODES
10 POLITICAL JURISDICTIONS INCLUDED WITHIN AIR 33
QUALITY CONTROL REGIONS IN NORTH DAKOTA
11 POLLUTION REDUCTION DEVICES OR METHODS 36
12 AREA SOURCE EMISSION FACTORS 38
13 ADDITIONAL EMISSIONS 40
14 UNITS FOR APPORTIONING FACTORS 41
iii
-------
I. INTRODUCTION
A. BACKGROUND OF PROGRAM
A primary purpose of the Federal Air Quality Act of 1967 was to
provide for planning and control programs on a regional basis. More recently,
the Environmental Protection Agency has required the preparation, adoption
and submittal of implementation plans for meeting national ambient air stan-
dards by each of the states.
An important first step in implementation planning is the carrying
out of an emissions inventory to determine the principal pollution sources
in the state. The present report presents the results of an emissions in-
ventory for the state of North Dakota.
B. DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM
The study program is concerned directly with establishing annual
emission levels for the following five pollutants:
Particulates
Sulfur Dioxide
Carbon Monoxide
Hydrocarbons, and
Nitrogen Oxides
The annual emission levels for each of these pollutants are estab-
lished for each of the 53 counties in North Dakota as well as for the four
principal metropolitan areas: Bismarck/Mandan, Fargo/West Fargo, Grand
Forks, and Minot. In addition, totals for these pollutants are presented
for the two Federal Air Quality Control Regions in North Dakota. These
regions are No. 130 consisting of Cass County and No. 172 consisting of the
remaining 52 counties. Figure 1 presents a North Dakota map which shows the
geographic locations of these regions.
For each geographic area discussed above (region, county, city),
the emission levels for each of the 5 pollutants are presented by source
category. These categories are:
-------
F" • ••••• •
I BURKE
JPEM1
RAMSEY WALSH
I
EDDY
N
I
•
I
•-
I
1 uunn \ i I i
O R-JIUH I D A K—O
BILLINGS
COLDEM
VALIEV
t
MERCER
OLIVER
eURLEIGH
STARK
SLOPE
BOWMAN
MORTON
MandaifVlJismarck
HETTINGER
EMMONS
ADAMS
KIDDER
FOSTER
GRAND FORKS
83rond
T
GRIGGS
STUTSMAN
I A|TRA1LL •
TSTEELE 1 -I
1
BARNES
LOGAN
MclNTOSH
LA MOURE
DICKEY
ICASS •
I V*
I forgo oJ
' \
RANSOM I *
SARGENT
METROPOLITAN
FARGO-MOORHEAD
i INTERSTATE AIR
I QUALITY CONTR.
REGION (N.D.-
MINN.)
REGION 130
v
RICHLAND '
NORTH DAKOTA INTRASTATE AIR QUALmf
CONTROL REGION (remaining area)
(REGION 172)
Figure 1. Boundaries of North Dakota Air Quality Control Regions,
-------
1. Stationary Fuel Combustion Sources - These include power
plants, as well as industrial, institutional, commercial,
and residential facilities.
2. Transportation Sources - These include both gasoline and
diesel-powered motor vehicles, aircraft and railroads.
In addition, tractors, the major off-highway consumer of
both distillate fuel oil and gasoline, are classified in
this source category. Also included are evaporative losses
from gasoline marketing.
3. Solid Waste Disposal - Municipal and private dumps which
practice open burning, together with residential, commer-
cial - institutional and industrial incineration and open
burning comprise this source category. There are no
municipal incinerators in North Dakota.
4. Process Losses - These include stone crushing and pro-
cessing, various minerals industries, asphalt and concrete
batch plants, meat packing and over 650 grain elevators
spread throughout the state. Included here are evaporative
losses at petroleum bulk storage terminals, solvent evapo-
ration from surface coating operations, and solvent evapo-
ration from dry cleaning.
C. USE OF THE INVENTORY
The data presented in this survey are not to be interpreted as
absolute values. The pollutant emissions obtained should be considered as
estimates to be used in defining the extent and distribution of air pollu-
tant emissions in North Dakota. The data are accurate enough to be used in
conjunction with ambient air quality measurements in the preparation of ari
implementation plan for meeting national ambient air standards.
-------
II. SUMMARY
The results of the statewide emissions inventory program for North
Dakota are summarized in Tables 1 through 6. Emissions from all pollutant
source categories are presented and totalled for both of the Air Quality
Control Regions as well as for the four principal urban centers; Bis-
marck/Mandan, Fargo/West Fargo, Grand Forks, and Minot. A general dis-
cussion of the results for each of the five pollutants of interest is pre-
sented in the following sections.
Both the computer program, which handled the source data, and the
emissions summary tables on which the reduced data were to be presented,
were based on fuels most commonly used throughout the nation. Hence, the
only coal types shown in the computer printout and summary tables are
anthracite and bituminous. However, North Dakota has enormous reserves
of low-sulfur lignite coal, and coal-burning installations use this fuel
almost exclusively. As a consequence, all references to coal use in North
Dakota imply lignite coal.
A. PARTICULATES
1. The principal sources of particulate matter statewide are
stationary fuel combustion and process losses, the former accounting for
about 43 percent of the total and the latter about 53 percent. The process
losses are due chiefly to grain elevator operations, but asphalt batching
plants may pose local problems. The principal combustion source is coal-
burning at steam electric power plants.
2. The source distributions for the two regions are markedly
different. In Region 130, about 12 percent of the emissions result
from combustion and 86 percent are due to processes, while in Region 172,
these values are 50 percent and 46 percent, respectively. This is due chiefly
to the lack of any large coal-burning steam electric power plants in Region 130.
3. Stationary fuel combustion and process losses constitute the
major particulate sources for the four urban centers, but, as the table
below indicates, the percentage distributions vary widely:
-------
TABLE 1
EMISSIONS INVENTORY SUMMARY FOR THE STATE OF NORTH DAKOTA
AIR QUALITY CONTROL REGION 130
DATA REPRESENTATIVE OF CALENDAR YEAR 1970
TONS OP POLLUTANT /VIA*
fwrtiouLit* S02 co
i. run COMBUSTION
A. RESIDENTIAL FUEL-AREA SOURCE
1 . (ANTHRACITE) COAI
, J. DISTILLATE OIL
3. NATURAL GAS
». HOOD
5. LPC
*. TOTAL
B. CCMt-IKSTL & IND
l>. (BITUMINOUS) COAL-AREA SOURCE
b. 'BITUMINOUS) COAL-POINT
SOURCE
2. COKE-POINT SOURCE
3m. DISTILLATE OIL-AREA SOURCE
b. DISTILLATE OIL-POINT SOURCE
4.. RtSIDUAL OIL -AREA SOURCE
b. RESIDUAL OIL-POINT SOURCE
•>.. NATURAL GAS-AREA SOURCE
b. NATURAL GAS-POINT SOURCE
6. PROCESS GAS-POINT SOURCE
7a. WOOD-AREA SOURCE
b. WOOD-POINT SOURCE
8'. LPC-ARKA SOURCE
9. TOTAL
C. STEAM-ELECTRIC POWER PLANT
ANTHRACITE COAL
2. BITUMINOUS COAL
3. DISTILLATE OIL
4. RESIDUAL OIL
5. NATURAL CAS
6. TOTAL
D. TOTAL FUEL COMBUSTION
11. PROCESS LOSSES
A. AREA SOURCES
B. POINT SOURCES
III. SOLO) WASTE DISPOSAL
A. INCINERATION
>>. ON SITE-AREA SOURCE
b. ON SITE-POINT SOURCE
2. MUNICIPAL ETC.- POINT
SOURCE
B, OPEN BURNING
l«. ON SITE -AREA SOURCE
b. ON SITE-POINT SOURCE
It. ttUHM - AREA SOURCE
b. DUMPS - POINT SOURCE
C. CONICAL MJRNEKS - POINT SOURCE
D. TOTAL SOLID WASTF DISPOSAL
IV. TRANSPOriAIION-AKRA SUHH'IK
A 1. KOTO* VEHlCLKS-liASOI.INl:
2. MOTOR VEHICLES-DIESEL
B. OFF-HIGH FUEL USAGE
1. DltSEL
2. GASOLINE
C. AIRCRAFT
0. RAILROADS
I. GASOLINE HANDLING EVAP. LOSSES
F. TOTAL TRANSPORTATION
». MISCELLANEOUS-AREA SOURCES
A. AGRICULTURAL BURNING
(. GRAIN ELEVATORS
VI. SUDD TOTAL
A. AHA SOURCE
B. ronr SOURCE
C. TOTAL
0
23
12
0
9
44
0
1,401
0
47.
0
0
4
15
12
0
0
0
2
1,481
0
662
0
0
0
662
2,187
0
14,922
28
0
0
126
0
0
0
0
154
120
64
8
11
44
33
0
280
0
1,188
1,730
17,001
18,731
0
93
0
0
0
93
0
538
0
127
0
0
27
0
0
0
0
0
0
692
0
1,655
0
0
0
1,655
2,440
0
0
6
0
0
8
0
0
0
0
14
72
116
15
7
11
86
0
307
0
0
541
2,220
2,761
0
12
12
0
10
34
0
31
0
0
0
0
0
13
0
0
0
0
2
46
0
79
0
0
0
79
159
0
102
39
0
0
668
0
0
0
0
707
37,246
837
108
4,450
83
93
0
42,817
0
0
43,573
212
43,7(5
HC
0
7
5
0
4
16
0
15
0
10
0
0
. I
9
27
0
0
0'
1
63
0
40
0
0
0
40
119
1,223
2
12
0
0
236
0
0
0
0
248
5,220
167
22
593
254
67
397
6,720
o
0
8,227
85
8,312
N0x
28
46
.0
34
108
0
231
0
190
0
0
10
67
120
0
0
0
9
627
0
594
0
0
0 .
594
• 1,329
0
0
12
0
0
47
0
0
0
0
59
3,733
876
113
315
42
100
0
5,179
0
5.612
955
6,567
Wit ffhi.
Quantity U»lCt
0
4,626
1,235
0
3,001
0
30,800
0
6,335
0
0
345
1,535
1,370
0
0
0
750
0
79,200
0
0
0
7,858
0
6
15,716
0
0
Q
23,574
364,448
5,151
666
2,697
2,661
Q
103 g.l/yr
10* fj/yr.
103 g«Uyr.
toni/yt
103 g.L/yr.
103 g.L/yt.
106 fc.3/yr.
106CF ft?/yi
103 »«L/yr.
too./yr.
tonv/yK
totii/yr.
eoni/yn
fe\
10? g«l/yr.
103 gnWyr.
103 |.L/yr.
-------
TABLE 2
EMISSIONS INVENTORY SUMMARY FOR THE STATE OF NORTH DAKOTA, CITIES OF
FARGO AND WEST FARGO
AJR QUALITY CONTROL REGION 130
DATA REPRESENTATIVE OF CALENDAR YEAR 1970
-
I. MR. COMMOTION
A. RESIDENTIAL FVEL-AREA SOURCE
1. (AIRtUACITE) COAT
2. DISTILLATE OIL
). NATURAL CAS
4. HOOD
5. LfC
». TOTAL
B. COMN-INSTL & 1KD
1.. (BITUMINOUS) COAL- ARK A SOURCE
b. (BITUMINOUS) COAL-POINT
SOURCE
2. COKS-POINT SOURCE
3«. DISTILLATE OIL-AR£A SOURCE
b. DISTILLATE OIL-POINT SOl'RCE
i«. RiSIDTAL OIL-AREA SOURCE
b. RESTDl'AL OIL-POINT SOURCE
5.. NATURAL CAS -AREA SOURCE
b. NATURAL CAS -POINT SOURCE
6. PROCESS (AS -POINT SOURCE
;>. WOOD-AREA SOURCE
b. WOOD-POINT SOl'RCE
8. LPC-ARIA SOURCE
9. TOTAL
>.. STEAM-ELECTRIC POWER PLANT
1 . ANTHRACITE COAL
2. BITUMINOUS COAL
1. DISTILLATE OIL
*. RESIDUAL OIL
5. NATURAL OAS
6. TOTAL
U. TOTAL FUEL COMBUSTION
tl. PROCESS LOSSES
A. AREA SOURCES
1. POINT SOURCES
III. M»» HAITI DISPOSAL
A. INCINERATION
It. 0* SITS -AREA SOURCE
b. ON SITE-POINT SOURCE
2. MUNICIPAL ETC.- POINT
SOURCE
1. OTHN BURNING
I*. ON SITE-AREA SOURCE
b. ON Sm-FOTNT SOURCE
t>. MM - AREA MURCI
b. DUMFI - POINT SOURCE
C. OONICAI. WIWIRS • POINT SOURCE
». TflTAI. MUD WASTE DISPOSAL
1*. TMMNN1A1IUN-AUA ftXIKCK
• 1. MOTWI MMICUtl-UMOLINK
s. Nora vmcLis-DiEin
t. Ort-NUM IOTL UtACt
i. Dim.
i. maun
c. Auaurt
•. MtUBRM
t. CMOUNi MMLMO IVAT. LOSai
f. TOMt IMMMtMtlflM
*. 4CI1CVUWUB. BOMffC
», CHAD OmifOM
rl. CMROTOML
«. MM MM
t. ronn mna
C. TOtAl
TONT1
tWtlouUt*
0
6
12
0
2
20
0
1,124
0
. 7
0
0
0
15
12
0
0
0
1
, 1,159
0
663
0
n
0
hk'i
l,8.'i^
1)
J.07J
J7
I)
tl
0
0
0
6
0
0
37
53
28
0
0
0
2
0
83
0
438
601
3,872
4,473
W POLLtW
so,
0
25
0
0
0
25
0
539
0
18
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
557
0
1,656
0
0
n
1 ,656
2,238
0
0
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
212
50
0
0
0
5
0
267
0
0
318
2,IH
2,513
-
•Trtll"
CO
0
3
12
0
2
17
0
60
0
0
0
0
0
11
0
0
0
0
I
74
0
80
0
0
0
80
171
0
102
53
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
33
17,916
363
0
0
0
3
0
18,284
0
0
18,361
141
18,610
. .
NC
0
2
5
0
1
8
0
23
0
1
0
0
• 0
9
27
0
•0
6
0
60
0
40
0
0
0
40
108
970
2
16
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
16
2,468
73
0
0
0
4
276
2,821
0
0
3,823
tl
3,»17
*>»
0
7
46
0
10
63
0
199
0
26
0
0
0
66
120
0
0
0
2
413
0
596
0
0
0 •
596
1,072
0
0
16
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 •
1*
1,610
380
0
0
0
3
0
1,995
0
0
2,168
911
3, Od
K
tMttlt?
0
1,230
1,233
0
846
0
30,800
0
876
0
0
0
1,531
1,370
0
0
0
212
0
79,200
0
0
0
10,681
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10,681
161,360
2,233
0
0
0
141
0
BMU
103 t*l. /jr.
10* ft.3/rr.
103 ,.1,/jr.
toni/Tr.
103 g.l./yr.
10« tt.Vyr.
10* ft.Vyr-
103 g.l./rr-
tons /jr.
tau/yr.
toni/yr.
lOSV-M/»r.
10* g«l./yr-
10s ttl.lff
-------
TABLE 3
EMISSIONS INVENTORY SUMMARY FOR THE STATE OF NOSfH DMOTA
AIR QUALITY CONTROL REGION 172
DATA REPRESENTATIVE OF CALEJ®M YEAS 1970
K_
SO,
^^
CS
ran
***&
^ra*
I. RIBS, CGZTC3T1C3
11
III.
IV
„
tft
A. QGOffi)EDTIAL FUEL-AREA SOUSCB
i • (APTHQ£CTfU) COAL
2. DISTILLATE OIL
3. GASIQAL CAS
6. BOSS
5. IPS
6. TOTAL
B. COXa-KStl 6 1KB
la. (BITUWICOUS) COAL-AREA SOURCE
b. (BITUMINOUS) COAL-POINT
SOURCE
i. COKE-POINT SOURCE
3a. DISTILLATE OIL -AREA SOURCE
b. DISTILLATE OIL-POINT SOURCE
40. BSSnWAL OIL-AREA SOURCE
b, RESIDl'AL Oa-POIHT SOURCE
in. HATVBAL GAS-AR2A SOURCE
b. NATURAL CAS -POINT SOURCE
t. PROCESS GAS-POINT SOURCE
To. HOOD-ABEA SOURCE
b. HOOD-POINT SOURCE
8. LPG-ARBA SOURCE
9. TOTAL
C. STEAK-ELECTRIC POWER PLANT
1. ANTHRACm COAL
, 2. BITUHIKBUS COAL
3. DISTILLATE OIL
4. RESIDUAL OIL
5. HA 1 URAL GAS
6. TOTAL
P. TOTAL FUEL COMBUSTION
. PGBCOgS LOSSES
A. AQZA SOURCES
B. POINT SOURCES
SOLO HASTE DISPOSAL
A. 1KCINERATION
Vn. ON SITE -AREA 8CURCB
b. ON STTE-POIHT SOURCE
2. MUNICIPAL ETC,- POINT
SOURCE
B. OPEN BURNING
la. ON SITE-ABBA SOURCE
b. ON SITE-POINT SOURCE
la. DUMPS - ABBA SOURCE
b. DUMPS - POINT SOURCE
C. CCWICAL BURNERS - POINT SOURCE
B. TOTAL SOLID HASTE DISPOSAL
. THAH3PC3TAI ICK- AURA SOURCE
a i. nsaoa VEHICLES-CASOLIRO
2. MOTOR VEHICLES-DIESEL
B. OFP-HICH FUEL USAGE
1. DIESEL
2. GASOLINE
C. AIRCRAFT
0. HATLROAOS
E. GASOLINE HANDLING EVAP. LOSSES
P. TOTAL TRANSPORTATION
. MISCELLANEOUS- AREA SOURCES
A. AGRICULTURAL BURNING
B. GRAIN ELEVATORS
. CHA.ND TOTAL
A. 6C3A COMBE
o. FOUR sauna
C. TOKO.
0
396
68
0
157
621
0
8,585
0
7«2
209
0
17
84
39
8
0
6
39
9.773
0
38.333
1
0
. 3
35,357
48,731
0
26,647
203
0
0
929
1
0
0
6
1.133
1.062
368
318
425
118
555
0
3,046
0
10.010
34,334
7S.QSS
00, SOT
0
1,396
2
0
0
1,578
0
2,600
0
2,130
3,291
0
115
2
1
4,485
0
0
0
12,624
0
55,916
9
0
0
55,925
70,147
0
10,319
44
0
0
58
0
0
0
0
102
643
1,023
572
258
28
1,444
0
3,968
0
0
7.CS3
T«,7SO
C4.JJO
0
198
71
0
166
435
0
288
0
10
3
0
0
78
8
9
0
0
41
437
0
2,841
0
0
0
2,841
3,713
0
50,290
290
0
0
4,934
4
0
0
0
5,228
281,346
7,385
4,133
170,002
193
1,335
0
444, S94
0
0
6V0.6CS
SB.663
32S.933
0
119
28
0
66
213
0
128
0
158
42
0
2
52
77
4
' 0
0
16
479
0
2,864
I
0
7
2,872
3,564
13,955
15,260
87
0
0
1,741
0
0
0
0
1,828
40,856
1,477
827
22,678
583
1,111
3,462
70,994
0
0
07.21(3
to, sos
WS.C31
0
47S
267
0
550
1,332
0
• 1,590
0
3,170
734
0
44
385
323
46
a
0
148
6,440
0
66,153
13
0
35
66,201
73,973
0
3,391
87
0
0
•348
0
0
0
0
435
34,376
7,726
4,324
12,047
110
1,666
0
60,249
0
0
-------
TABLE 4
EMISSIONS INVENTORY SUMMARY FOR THE STATE OF NORTH DAKOTA, CITIES OF BISMARCK
AND MANDAN
AIR .QUALITY CONTROL REGION 172
DATA REPRESENTATIVE OF CALENDAR YEAR 1970
TONS OK POLLUTANT/WAI
HrtUuUte S02 CO
i. ran coMiiiTioN
A. RHTMniAL FUEL-AREA SOURCE
1. (ANTHRACITE) COAI
2. DISTILLATE OIL
3. NATURAL GAS
4. HOOD
3. LPC
6. TOTAL
1. COMN-INSTL <. 1KB
U. (BITUMINOVS) COAL-ARF.A SOl'RCE
b. firtVMTNOUS) COAL-POINT
SOl'RCE
2. COKE-POINT SOl'RCE
}«. DISTILLATE OIL-AREA SOURCE
b. DISTILLATE OIL-POINT SOURCE
'.«. KCSIDUAL OIL-AREA SOl'RCE
b. RESIDUAL OIL-POINT SOURCE
»«. NATURAL GAS -AREA SOl'RCE
b. NATl'RAL GAS-POINT SOURCE
6. PROCESS GAS-POINT SOURCE
7.. WOOD-AREA SOURCE
b. WOOD-POINT SOl'RCE
8. LPOARF.A SOl'RCE
9. TOTAL
C. STEAM-ELECTRIC POWER PI ANT
1. ANTHRACITE COAL
2. Bin-Minors COAL
3. DISTILLATE OIL
<-. RTSIDIIAL OIL
5. NATITIAI. GAS
6. TOTAL
U. TOTAL Fl'EI COMBUSTION
II. PROCESS LOSSES
A. AREA SOURCES
1. POINT SOURCES
III. SOLID HASTE DISPOSAL
A. INCINERATION
1.. ON SITE-AREA SOl'RCE
b. ON SITE-POINT SOl'RCE
2. MUNICIPAL ETC.- POINT
SOURCE
n. OPEN BURNING
K. ON SITE-AREA SOURCE
b. ON SITE-POINT SOl'RCE
2«. DUMP! - AREA SOURCE
b. DUMPS - POINT SOVRCE
C. CONICAL BURNERS - POINT SOURCE
D. TOTAL SOI.IU WAATK IIISPIISAL
IV. TKAHSI'OnAI IUN-AHI A lilK'KI I
A 1. MOTOR VKIIICLKl-IUMOI.INK
J. MOTOR VEHICLES- OIKSKL
B. OFF-HIGH FUEL USAGE
1 . DIESEL
2. UASOLISE
C. AIRCRAFT
D. RAIUtOADS
I. GASOLINE HANDLING EVA?. LOSSES
F. TOTAL TRANSPORTATION
V. MSCEIiANEOUS-AREA SOURCES
A. AGRICULTURAL BURNING
1. CHAIN ELEVATORS
ft. GRAND TOTAL
A. AIM tOOMi
1. FOBT tOHMX
C. TOtAJ.
0
5
19
0
2
26
0
0
0
. 6
0
0
II
i
0
II
0
1
Jl
0
U
II
II
n
o
57
0
161
29
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
29
34
18
0
0
0
0
57
0
198
338
164
502
0
19
1
0
0
20
n
0
n
13
0
n
0
i
n
n
0
0
ii
14
(1
II
(I
II
II
0
U
0
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
21
33
0
0
0
0
68
0
0
108
0
108
0
2
20
0
2
24
0
0
0
0
0
n
0
21
0
0
0
0
1
22
0
II
0
0
0
0
46
0
11
42
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
42
11,662
237
0
0
0
15
0
11,914
0
0
12,002
11
12,013
HC
0
1
8
0
1
10
0
0
0
I
0
0
0
9
6
0
0
0
16
0
0
0
0
0
0
26
758
0
13
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
13
1,597
47
0
0
0
11
244
1,899
0
0
2,690
6
2,*»6
NO
0
6
49
0
7
62
0
0
0
19
0
0
0
110
26
0
0
0
2
157
0
0
0
0
0
0
219
0
0
13
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
13
1,010
248
0
0
0
16
0
1,274
0
0
1,480
2t
I, SOt
HE
QuMKUy
0
963
1,956
0
726
0
0
0
635
0
0
0
2,135
299
0
0
0
182
0
0
0
0
0
0
8,538
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8,338
102,136
2.104
0
0
0
430
U»U»
103 Ml./yr.
10* ft.3/yr-
103 gal./yr.
103 gal./yr.
10* ft.Vyr.
10* ft.3/yr.
103 gil./yr.
tons/y*u
coni/jp*«
103 V-tl/yr.
103 gtl./yt.
103 t*l -/jr.
103 («l./7i.
103 g«l./yr-
-------
TABLE 5
EMISSIONS INVENTORY SUMMARY FOR THE STATE OF NORTH DAKOTA, CITY OF GRAND FORKS
AIR QUALITY CONTROL REGION 172
DATA REPRESENTATIVE OF CALENDAR YEAR 1970
TOM OP PCLLUTAWr/tKP
fWtleuUU S02 CO
i. ran COMBUST ION
A. RESIDENTIAL FUEL-AREA SOURCE
1. (ANTHRACITE) COAI
2. DISTILLATE OIL
3. NATURAL GAS
». HOOD
5. LPG
6. TOTAL
1. CONM-INSTL & IND
la. (BITUMINOUS) COAL-AREA SOURCE
b. mmiMINOt'S) COAL-POINT
SOURCE
2. COKE-POINT SOURCE
3«. DISTILLATE OIL-AREA SOURCE
b. DISTILLATE OIL-POINT SOURCE
4«. RESIDUAL OIL-AREA SOURCE
b. RESIDUAL OIL-POINT SOURCE
5«. NATURAL CAS -AREA SOURCE
b. NATURAL GAS-POINT SOURCE
6. PROCESS GAS-POINT SOURCE
7.. HOOD-AREA SOURCE
b. WOOD-POINT SOURCE
a. LPG-AREA SOURCE
9. TOTAL
C. STEAM-ELECTRIC POWER PLANT
1. ANTHRACITE COAL
2. BITUMINOUS COAL
3. DISTILLATE OIL
4. RESIDUAL' OIL
5. NATURAL CAS
6. TOTAL
D. TOTAL FUEL COMBUSTION
II. PROCESS LOSSES
A. AREA SOURCES
i. POINT SOURCES
III. SOLID HASTE DISPOSAL
A. INCINERATION
U. ON SITE-AREA SOURCE
b. ON SITE-POINT SOURCE
2. MUNICIPAL ETC.- POINT
SOURCE
B. OPEN BURNING
ll. ON SITE-AREA SOURCE
b. ON SITE-POINT SOURCE
2a. DUMPS - AREA SOURCE
b. DUMPS - POINT SOURCE
C. CONICAL BURNERS - POINT SOURCE
D. TOTAL SOLID HASTE DISPOSAL
IV. TRANSniKTAlilW-AHKA .SMIKCK
A 1. MOTOR VF.IIICLKS-CASOLINK
2. MOTOR VEHICLES-DIESEL
1. OFF-HIGH FUEL USAGE
1 . DICSEL
2. GASOLINE
C. AIRCRAFT
D. RAILROADS
I. GASOLINE HANDLING EVAP. LOSSES
r, TOTAL TRANSPORTATION
1. MISCELLANEOUS- AREA SOURCES
A. AGRICULTURAL BURNING
1. CRAW ELEVATORS
VI. GRAND TOTAL
A. AMU MUM
•. vuuri sound
C. TOTAL
0
4
7
0
2
13
0
1,206
0
4.
9
0
0
9
0
0
0
0
0
1,228
0
1,340
0
0
0
1,340
2,581
0
0
25
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
25
29
16
0
0
0
2
0
47
0
0
98
2,553
2,433
0
17
0
0
0
17
0
455
0
10
24
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
489
0
1,230
0
0
0
1,230
1,736
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
18
28
0
0
0
6
0
52
0
0
64
1,709
1,793
0
2
7
0
2
11
0
27
0
0
0
0
0
8
0
0
0
0
0
35
0
108
0
0
0
108
134
0
0
36
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
36
9,749
202
0
0
0
6
0
9,957
0
0
10,012
133
10,147
HC
0
1
3
0
1
5
0
14
0
1
2
0
.0
3
0
0
0
o •
0
22
0
35
0
0
0
53
82
646
0
11
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
11
1,343
40
0
0
0
5
226
1,614
0
0
2,282
71
2.333
"°,
0
i
27
0
6
38
0
199
0
15
36
0
0
40
0
0
0
0
2
292
0
811
0
0
0
811
1,141
0
0
11
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
11
879
211
0
0
0
7
0
1,097
0
0
1,203
1.04*
2,249
Kl
Quantity
0
820
732
0
619
0
26,568
0
482
1,212
0
0
909
0
0
0
0
155
0
108,000
0
0
0
0
7,119
0
0
0
0
•0
0
0
7,119
87,975
1,243
0
0
0
182
0
0
_. .
UBltl
«
10' «aWyn
IO6 «t>/y»
103 iiL/yz,
ttraWyr.
10 caL/yK
W caL/yc.
IO6 fc3/yx.
IO3 g«L/yr.
tou/jro
totu/yb
tooi/yr.
10* «aL/yr.
IO3 g«l./yr.
-- -'-
-------
TABLE 6
EMISSIONS INVENTORY SUMMARY FOR THE STATE OF NORTH DAKOTA, CITY OF MINOT
AIR QUALITY CONTROL REGION 172
DATA REPRESENTATIVE OF CALENDAR YEAR 1970
TONS OP POLLUTANT /Y1AR
HrcleuUt* so2 CO
I. PUEL COMBUSTION
A. RESIDENTIAL FTF.I.-AREA SOI'KCE
1. I ANTHRACITE) COAI.
2. IIISTILLATE Oil.
3. NATURAL GAS
4. HOOD
5. LPG
6. TOTAL
B. COMN-INSTL 4 IND
1.. (BITUMINOl'S) COAL-AREA SOURCE
b. (BITUMINOUS) COAL-POINT
SOURCE
2. COKE-POINT SOURCE
3.. DISTILLATE OIL-AREA SOURCE
t>. DISTILLATE OIL-POINT SOI'RCE
4«. RESIDUAL OIL-AREA SOURCE
b. RESIDUAL OIL-POINT SOURCE
5«. NATURAL CAS -AREA SOURCE
b. NATURAL GAS-POINT SOI'RCE
6. PROCESS GAS-POINT SOI'RCE
7«. WOOD-ARKA SOl-RCE
b. WOOD-POINT SOTRCC
8. LPC-AREA SOTRCE
9. TOTAL
t:. STEAM-ELECTRIC POWER PLANT
I. ANTHRACITE COAL
2. BITUMINOUS COAL
3. DISTILLATE OIL
4. RESIDUAL OIL
5. NATURAL GAS
6. TOTAL
D. TOTAL PUEL COMBUSTION
II. PROCESS LOSSES
A. AREA SOURCES
B. POOR SOURCES
III. SOLID HASTE DISPOSAL
A. INCINERATION
1.. ON SITE-ARIA SOURCE
b. ON SITE -POINT SOURCE
2. MUNICIPAL ETC.- POINT
SOURCE
B. OPEN BURNING
la. ON SITE-AREA SOURCE
b. ON SITE-POINT SOURCE
J.. DUMPS - AREA SOURCE
b. DUMPS - POINT SOURCE
C. COMICAL BURNERS - POINT SOURCE
D. TOTAL SOLID UAfTE DISPOSAL
IV. TRANSPOIiTATION-AltKA SOUKO.
Al. HUTOK VEMICLKS-UASOLINF.
2. MOTOR VEHICLES-DIESEL
B. Orr-HICH FUEL USAGE
1. DIESEL
2 . GASOLINE
C. AIRCRAFT
D. RAILROADS
E. GASOLINE HANDLING EVAP. LOSSES
F. TOTAL TRANSPORTATION
V. MISCELLANEOUS-AREA SOURCES
A. AGRICULTURAL BURNING
I. GRAIN ELEVATORS
VI. GRAND TOTAL
A. ARK* MURES
B. fUUTf SOURCE
C. TOTAL
0
3
16
0
2
21
0
42
0
4.
0
0
0
12
0
0
0
0
0
58
0
970
0
0
0
970
1,049
0
1,798
21
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
21
30
16
0
0
0
I
0
47
0
0
105
2,810
2,915
0
14
0
0
0
14
0
106
0
11
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
117
0
460
0
0
0
460
591
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
19
28
0
0
0
f.
0
50
0
0
79
556
645
0
2
17
0
2
21
0
40
0
0
0
0
0
13
0
0
0
0
0
53
0
40
0
0
0
40
114
0
0
29
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
29
9,204
202
0
0
0
4
0
9,410
0
Q
9,473
80
9,353
HC
0
1
7
0
1
9
0
12
0
I
0
0
.0
5
0
0
0
o •
0
IS
0
20
0
0
0
20
47
535
0
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9
1,284
40
0
0
0
3
256
1,583
Q
2,142
32
2,174
«0
0
4
62
0
6
72
0
24
0
16
0
0
0
49
0
0
0
0
2
91
0
304
0
0
0 .
304
467
0
0
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9
897
212
0
0
0
4
0
1,113
o
o
1,261
328
1,58*
Quality Unit*
692 103. ».L/yr.
1,662 10* «t?/yii
0 -
512 10 ««L/yr.
0
8,000 tom/yr.
0 3
543 10 S*L/r*
0
0
0 63
1,315 10 ttr/jr.
0
0
0
0 3
128 10J tiL/jre,
40,400 tom/yr.
0
0
0
3,89) tooi/jn.
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,893 tont/yr.
88,080 10* V-M/yr.
1,244 103 Ml./y»-
0
' A
U
0 •
109 10 |«l./yt
0
0
10
-------
Percentage
Urban Center Combustion Process
Bismarck/Mandan 11.4 72.0
Fargo/West Fargo 41.2 56.1
Grand Forks 97.3 —
Minot 36.0 61.7
B. SULFUR DIOXIDE
Fuel combustion is responsible for over 80 percent of all the
sulfur dioxide emissions in North Dakota with coal combustion accounting
for about 70 percent of the total. This generalization holds true for
both regions and for three of the four urban centers, the Bismarck/Mandan
area being the lone exception. Neither Bismarck nor Mandan have any large
coal burning operations within their city limits, and both depend heavily on
low sulfur natural gas for process heating and space heating.
C. CARBON MONOXIDE
Gasoline powered off-road and highway vehicles produce about
87 percent of all the carbon monoxide emissions in North Dakota. The only
other major source is a petroleum refinery outside Mandan which produces
8.9 percent of the state total.
D. HYDROCARBONS
The principal sources of hydrocarbon emissions in North Dakota
are evaporative losses from processes (13 percent) and transportation-related
losses (68 percent). The process losses are chiefly due to dry cleaning
operations, surface coating processes, and evaporation from petroleum
storage tanks. The transportation losses are principally derived from evap-
oration of gasoline from vehicles and gasoline marketing operations.'
E. NITROGEN OXIDES
The two most important sources of nitrogen oxides are coal combustion
and gasoline engine operation, which contribute 47 percent and 35 percent,
respectively, to the state total. Only the Bismarck/Mandan urban area,
where negligible amounts of coal are burned, differs significantly from
these values. In this area, 67 percent of the nitrogen oxides are emitted
by gasoline engines and 16 percent by diesel motor vehicles.
11
-------
III. AREA DESCRIPTION
North Dakota is the 17th largest state in the Union. Its 70,665 square
miles are divided into three geographic regions. From east to west these
are the Red River Valley, the Young Drift Plains and the Great Plains. The
Red River Valley Region is noted for its highly fertile land. Separated
from the Young Drift Plains by escarpments, its main products are wheat and
dairy products. The Young Drift Plains' main industry is also agriculture.
These plains are bordered on the east by the Pembina Mountains, on the north
by the Turtle Mountains and on the west by an escarpment. The Great Plains
are in the Western part of the state. The soil here is not of as high a
quality as it is in the rest of the state; hence, it is used for cattle
grazing. This area is also rich in mineral deposits, and coal, natural gas,
petroleum, sand and gravel are produced here. The main agricultural products
of these regions are wheat and flaxseed with lesser amounts of oats and
potatoes being produced. The major industries are cattle, meat packing, and
dairy products.
The meteorological data of the area show that it is basically a cool
dry area with weather patterns which indicate good ambient air circulation.
The average low temperature is 0 degrees in January while the average high
is 84 in July. For a given year,the average number of degree days ( a
measure of heating requirements in buildings) is 9300. The average yearly
precipitation is 18 inches. Due to the different regions in the state, no
single statement can be made about prevailing winds; however, from the air
pollution standpoint it is important to note that the average percentage of
days with calm winds is 3 percent. When this is compared to Los Angeles'
value of 13 percent, North Dakota should have significantly less trouble
with photochemical smog formation.
12
-------
IV. METHODOLOGY
A. DEFINITION OF POINT AND AREA SOURCES
Emissions inventories consider two types of emissions sources,
point and area sources. Point sources are generally large establishments
which have emissions great enough to warrant individual consideration. The
other source classification, area sources, has emissions which are too small
to consider individually and are accounted for collectively.
1. Definition of Point Sources
The Federal Register (Volume 36, No. 67, Part II, Appendix C)
lists those major pollutant source categories which are to be classified as
point sources, independent of size. North Dakota contains the following
industrial categories which are included in the Federal listing:
Charcoal Manufacturing
Alfalfa Dehydrating
Feed and Grain Handling and Processing
Meat Smoke Houses
Gray Iron Foundries
Asphalt Roofing
Asphaltic Concrete Batching
Bricks and Related Clay Refractories
Concrete Batching
Paperboard Manufacturing
Rock, Gravel and Sand Quarrying and Processing
Steam Electric Power Plants
Petroleum Bulk Storage Terminals
Petroleum Refining and Production
Natural Gas Refining and Production
In addition to the above industrial classifications, all
fuel combustion sources were considered point sources if one or more of the
following air pollutant emission criteria were met:
13
-------
a. Annual Particulate Emissions of 5 tons or
Greater.
b. Annual Sulfur Dioxide Emissions of 10 tons
or Greater.
c. Annual Nitrogen Oxide Emissions of 25 tons
or Greater.
2. Definition of Area Sources
Area sources are defined as those combustion and process sources
which in themselves are too small to constitute a point source, but when con-
sidered collectively, will significantly contribute to the total emissions of
the study area.
The following presents a listing of those categories considered
as area sources in North Dakota. However, these categories exclude those in-
dividual sources which have emissions large enough to classify them as point
sources.
a. Fuel Combustion - Stationary Sources
(1) Residential - Combustion of distillate oil, natural
gas, and liquified petroleum gas (LPG) accounts for pollutant emissions from
residences. A negligible amount of coal is used in North Dakota for resi-
dential purposes.
(2) Commercial and Institutional - Area source emissions
in this category result from the combustion of distillate and residual fuel
oil, natural gas and LPG. The coal used in North Dakota in this category
is virtually all accounted for by point sources.
(3) Industrial - Area source emissions in this category
result from the combustion of distillate oil, residual oil and natural gas.
Essentially all the industrial coal utiliEed is accounted for by point
sources.
b. Process Losses
(1) Dry cleaning establishments.
14
-------
(2) Surface coating operations.
(3) Grain Elevators - This category only includes those
elevators that did not return questionnaires. For these non-responding
sources, emissions were estimated, based on information obtained from returned
questionnaires.
c. Solid Waste Disposal
(1) On-site open burning of refuse.
(2) On-site incineration of refuse.
d. Transportation
(1) Motor Vehicles - Both gasoline and diesel powered
vehicles are included.
(2) Locomotives.
(3) Aircraft - Only commercial flights are considered.
(4) Tractors - Tractors are the major off-highway con-
sumer of both diesel oil and gasoline.
(5) Evaporative losses from gasoline marketing.
B. POINT SOURCE METHODOLOGY
1. Data Collection
a. Preparation of Mailing List
Using the previously discussed list of point sources, a
mailing list of potential point sources in North Dakota was prepared. A
questionnaire and cover letter, which gave a brief description of the pro-
gram, were mailed to each of the potential sources. The references used in
compiling the mailing list, the cover letter, and sample questionnaires are
shown in the Appendix.
As discussed earlier, a fuel combustion source, other
than those specified in the Federal listing of major industrial categories,
was classified as a point source if its annual emission level for particu-
late, SOh, or NO was equal to or greater than 5, 10, and 25 tons, respectively.
<— X
15
-------
In compiling this mailing list, however, there were
several categories (such as schools, hospitals, hotels, a variety of resi-
dential, commercial, institutional, Federal and civic buildings, together
with many miscellaneous industries) which, because of a lack of information
pertaining to the type and quantity of fuel consumed, could not definitely
be classified as point sources. Working criteria for the completion of the
point source mailing list were then established and are presented below:
Manufacturing & Commercial Establishments - more than 25 employees
Schools and Colleges - more than 100 students
Hospitals - more than 50 beds
Hotels and Motels - more than 100 rooms.
These criteria were modified as required in the light of
knowledge of either State or GCA personnel as well as data available from
the individual sources.
b. Questionnaire Follow-up
The follow-up to the questionnaire mailing phase of the
program consisted of two parts: (1) the determination of the significant
potential point sources which had not responded or which had responded with
insufficient data, and (2) the recontacting of these sources. Recontacting
was by telephone, personal contact or by another letter. Emphasis was placed
on those sources which appeared to be large emitters of pollutants such as
power plants, but other categories were contacted as well.
In many cases, returned questionnaires indicated that the
source emitted less than 0.5 tons of uncontrolled pollutant. Because input
to the computer program used for the emissions inventory compilation requires
that emissions be rounded to the nearest ton, such emissions were considered
zero.
Table 7 presents a summary of the number of potential
point sources to which questionnaires were sent, the final number of res-
ponses and the percentage response for the various categories. Telephone
conversations with non-respondents which resulted in sufficient data for
16
-------
TABLE 7
SUMMARY OF RESPONSE TO QUESTIONNAIRE MAILING
Category
Charcoal
Detergent and Soap
Fertilizer
Alfalfa Dehydration
Grain Elevators
Meat Smokehouses
Starch Manufacturing
Gray Iron Foundries
Asphaltic Concrete Batching
Asphalt Roofing
No. of
Potential
Sources
1
4
1
3
666
11
1
4
32
26
Bricks & Related Clay Refractories 2
Coal Cleaning
-j Concrete Batching
Rock, Sand & Gravel Quarrying
and Processing
Natural Gas Refineries
2
64
17
3
No. of
Responses
1
4
1
2
373
8
1
3
24
16
1
2
30
10
3
Percentage
Response
100.0
100.0
100.0
66.7
56.0
72.7
100.0
75.0
75.0
61.5
50.0
100.0
46.9
58.8
100.0
Category
Petroleum Refineries
Oil and Gas Wells
Paperboard Manufacturing
No. of
Potential
Sources
2
96
1
Sawmills and Planing Mills 5
Electric Power Plants
Schools & Colleges
Hospitals
Hotels & Motels
Dairy Products
Meat Packers
Other Food Industries
Printing and Publishing
Metal Products
Coal Mining Companies
Pipe Line Companies and
Storage
12
31
33
20
9
4
18
4
16
4
8
No. of
Responses
2
71
1
4
12
31
32
13
5
3
12
4
7
4
8
Percentage
Response
100.0
74.0
100.0
80.0
100.0
100.0
97.0
65.0
55.6
75.0
66.7
100.0
43.8
100.0
100.0
TOTALS: No. of Potential Sources = 1,100
Number of Responses = 688
Percentage of Response = 62.5
-------
evaluation are considered as responses. In general, the percentage response
reflects the relative importance of the source category. However, one cate-
gory with a poor percentage response, grain elevators, is a large pollution
source and emissions from non-responding sources in this category were esti-
mated using average emission levels obtained from the respondents. As pre-
viously noted, these estimated emissions were then included as an area source.
The overall response of 62.5 percent is considered quite
good in view of the voluntary cooperation required of the contacted sources.
The percentage of total emissions accounted for by this survey is believed
to be much greater than the percentage response, because virtually all of
the known major emission sources were contacted.
2. Data Analysis
Analysis of the data from the completed questionnaires con-
sisted of two essential phases: a. the choice and use of a coordinate system
for defining the locations of point sources, and b. the transforming of raw
data from the questionnaires into the form required for input to the com-
puter program used by the Office of Air Programs (GAP) for the final emis-
sions inventory calculations.
a. Coordinate System
The Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinate system
was chosen for North Dakota because: (a) the system is widely used in meteo-
rological modeling, (b) maps with the UTM grids denoted are readily available
from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), and (c) the UTM system does not suffer
from grid irregularities to the same extent as do most other systems, notably,
the township/section system used in North Dakota. In general, the locations
of individual point sources were determined to within one kilometer in either
(flat projection) dimension.
b. Computer Input Forms
The details of the data manipulation required for data
transformation will not be discussed here. Instead, some critical assump-
tions and statements of policy regarding data treatment will be reviewed in
the following material.
18
-------
(1) Stack Parameters - Information concerning stack
heights, diameters, and flow conditions are given only for sources emitting
50 tons or more per year of any pollutant. In most cases where such data
are given, they are based on estimates using GAP recommended procedures.
(2) Process Weights - In most cases, the respondents
gave this information, but grain elevators generally did not. To obtain
process weights for these sources, a grain-handling time of 1000 hours per
year was assumed for country elevators, and 2000 hours per year for terminal
elevators after talks with some operators. In some cases, a lack of suffi-
cient data required that the maximum process weight be set equal to the
normal process Weight.
(3) Fuel Characteristics - In almost all cases, these
were given on the returned questionnaires. In those few cases where such
data were not given, either State Laboratory Commission data^ ' or data
from other similar point sources were used.
(4) Pollution Control Efficiency - Major point sources
gave control efficiencies almost without exception, but many smaller sources
did not have such data. The values given by McGraw and Duprey ^ ' were
normally used where the data ware missing. However, because of the usual
operating procedures at grain elevators, the dust houses frequently used
were assumed to have a zero percent particulate removal efficiency.
(5) Emissions - Some respondents included estimates of
actual emissions on their returned questionnaires. These data were used if
they showed reasonable agreement with estimates obtained by the use of emis-
sion factors. Otherwise, the estimated values based on emission factors
were used.
(6) Allowable Emission - Legally permissible emissions
/I Q\
of sulfur dioxide and particulates by both North Dakota lawv ' and the
(19")
Federal model standardsv ' were hand calculated for all regulated point
sources in the state. The Federal model sulfur dioxide emission was cal-
culated for combustion sources by assuming 80 percent removal.
19
-------
C. AREA SOURCES
1. Area Source References
References used to compile data for the consumption and appor-
tionment of area source fuel, solid waste and evaporative losses in North
Dakota are summarized in Appendix C. These references include both local
and state data together with data compiled by private companies and by
Federal agencies such as the Census Bureau and the Bureau of Mines.
2. Data Analysis
The following section discusses the methodology utilized in
estimating and apportioning fuel, solid waste, and process area source
emissions.
Because a variety of area source categories utilize a number
of different types of fuels, Table 8, which summarizes these fuel consuming
area source categories and the types of fuels utilized, has been prepared.
The ensuing discussion of stationary fuel combustion and transportation
area sources is based upon this table.
a. Stationary Fuel Combustion
(25)
(1) Coal - The Bureau of Minesv ' has published data
for coal consumption in North and South Dakota combined, but no values were
available for the states individually. However, consumption totals obtained
from the point source questionnaires of these states exceed the combined
total published by the Bureau of Mines. Therefore, it was concluded that
all coal consumption in North Dakota is accounted for by point sources and
that area source coal consumption is essentially zero. This was confirmed
by communications with various state officials familiar with coal usage in
North Dakota.
(2) Residual Oil - Returned questionnaires indicate
that residual oil consumed by point sources exceeds the Bureau of Mines
( 26^
consumption total^ •' for North Dakota. Hence, it was concluded that resi-
dual oil consumption in North Dakota is accounted for by point sources and
20
-------
TABLE 8
FUELS CONSUMED BY AREA SOURCES IN NORTH DAKOTA
Combustion Category
Coal
Residual
Oil
Distillate Oil
K D 2-4
Gasoline
Natural Gas
LP-Gas
Stationary Sources
1. Residential 0
2. Commercial-Institutional 0
3. Industrial 0
0
0
0
X NA X
X NA X
0 NA X
NA
NA
NA
X
X
X
X
X
0
Transportation
1.
2.
3.
4.
Legend :
Ra ilroads
Motor Vehicles
Tractors
Aircraft
X - fuel is used
0 - fuel is not used
NA - not applicable
NA
NA
NA
NA
or use
X NA
NA NA
NA NA
NA X
is negligible
X NA
X NA
X NA
NA NA
Notes :
NA
X
X
X
*
K
D
2-4
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0
0
NA
- kerosene
- diesel
- No. 2,
heating
fuel
3, & 4
oil
-------
that area source residual oil consumption is essentially zero. This is
confirmed by communications with various state officials familiar with
residual oil usage in North Dakota.
(3) Distillate Oil - Total distillate oil utilized in
North Dakota in 1969 was obtained from Bulletin No. 158 of the North Dakota
State Laboratories Commission . This total included kerosene and jet
fuel as well as distillate oil. Distillate oil consumed by railroads in
North Dakota is not included in this figure. After subtracting the kero-
sene and jet fuel consumed in the state in 1969, the remaining distillate
oil was apportioned to the following use categories, utilizing Bureau of
/ r\ f \
Mines fuel oil consumption data for North Dakota^ ':
(a) Commercial and Institutional Distillate Oil -
The Bureau of Mines fuel oil consumption data did not distinguish between
residential and commercial/institutional usage. Residential heating re-
quirements were estimated, based on the 1970 Bureau of Census data for
housing units, the number of degree days per year, and the average annual
heating requirements per home.
The quantity of residential heat supplied by
natural gas was then subtracted to give residential fuel oil consumption.
The resulting value was subtracted from the total residential, commercial
and institutional fuel oil consumption to obtain the distillate fuel oil
consumed by commercial and institutional establishments in the state.
This total was apportioned to the counties
(as well as the four principal metropolitan areas) by the number of whole-
sale plus retail establishments, which was obtained from the North Dakota
Business and Industrial Development Department . These figures were then
adjusted to reflect those establishments NOT being serviced by natural gas.
Emissions were calculated by means of the
emission factors presented in McGraw and Duprey's Compilation of Air Pol-
lutant Emission Factors, 1971 . An average sulfur content of 0.279 per-
cent was assumed, based on data from the State Laboratories Department .
22
-------
(b) Residential Fuel Oil - The state consumption
of kerosene was included in this total. The state usage was apportioned
(13}
to the counties and the four major urban areas by population . The
county and city populations were adjusted to reflect the population NOT
being serviced by natural gas.
Emissions were calculated utilizing the emis-
sion factors presented in McGraw and Duprey's Compilation of Air Pollutant
Emission Factors, 1971 . An average fuel sulfur content of 0.279 per-
cent was assumed, based on data from the State Laboratories Commission .
(c) Industrial Distillate - State totals were
apportioned to the counties and the four major cities by the number of
manufacturing establishments after subtracting the industrial point source
consumption. Again, these apportioning figures were adjusted to reflect
those industries NOT being serviced by natural gas.
Emissions were calculated using the emission
factors of McGraw and Duprey
(d) On-Highway Diesel Fuel - Because this category
is classified as a transportation source, the methodology discussion is
presented in Section C.2.b.
(e) Off-Highway Diesel Fuel - Because this cate-
gory is also classified as a transportation source, the methodology dis-
cussion is presented in Section C.Z.b.
(4) Natural Gas - Natural gas is utilized in 21 coun-
ties in North Dakota including Burleigh/Morton, Cass, Grand Forks, and
Ward counties, which contain the respective metropolitan areas of Bismarck/
Mandan, Fargo/West Fargo, Grand Forks, and Minot. Natural gas consumption
data for 1970 were available by use category (residential, commercial/
institutional, and industrial) for these areas as well as the counties.
The data were obtained from the three companies (Montana Dakota Utilities
Co., Great Plains Natural Gas, and Northern States Power Co.) supplying
gas to North Dakota^1»
23
-------
Emissions were calculated through use of the emis-
sion factors presented in McGraw and Duprey's Compilation of Air Pollutant
Emission Factors - 1971(20\
(5) Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) - State consumption
(27)
totals were obtained from the Bureau of Mines and apportioned by popu-
(13)
lation datav , adjusted to reflect those NOT serviced by natural gas.
Emissions were calculated utilizing the emission factors for domestic and
commercial propane as presented in McGraw and Duprey's Compilation of Air
Pollutant Emission Factors - 1971^ . The emission factor for nitrogen
oxide was assumed to be 23 pounds per thousand gallons, based on the assump-
tion that 80 percent of the LPG was utilized by domestic sources and 20
(27)
percent by commercial sources
b. Transportation
(1) Gasoline-Powered Motor Vehicles - Urban and rural
vehicle mile data for 1969 were available by county and for the four major
(9)
metropolitan areas . It was assumed that 98 percent of the vehicle miles
(19)
were attributed to gasoline powered motor vehicles and the emission
factors presented by McGraw and Duprey were utilized to obtain county
and city emissions from on-highway gasoline consumption.
(2) Off-Highway Gasoline (Farm Tractors) - Total off-
highway gasoline sold in 1970 (that quantity of gasoline which is tax
(8)
exempt) was available from the state and was assumed to be essentially
all consumed by tractors. Therefore, this fuel was apportioned to the
counties by crop-acres . Emissions were calculated based upon the emis-
sion factors for gasoline powered motor vehicles traveling at 25mph as pre-
sented in McGraw and Duprey's Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors,
1971 . However, the values presented in this text were adjusted by a
factor of 12.5 v-m/gal to ob tain units of Ibs pollutant/1000 gallons of
gasoline.
(3) Diesel Powered Motor Vehicles - As stated earlier,
on-highway diesel consumption was derived by utilizing Bureau of Mines
24
-------
data to apportion the state consumption of distillate fuel oil in 1970
by use category. On-highway diesel consumption using this technique agreed
(Q\
well with state totals obtained directly from the State Tax Commissionv .
The value obtained from the state was felt to be more reliable and was
utilized in this study.
On-highway diesel fuel was apportioned to the coun-
ties and the four metropolitan areas under investigation by motor vehicle
(9)
miles obtained from the North Dakota Highway Department . Emissions were
calculated by means of the emission factors for heavy duty trucks and buses
with engines built prior to 1970 as presented in McGraw and Duprey's Com-
pilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors - 1971 .
(4) Off-Highway Diesel Fuel (Farm Tractors) - As men-
tioned earlier, off-highway diesel fuel consumption was derived by utili-
f o f \
zing Bureau of Mines statistics to apportion the state consumption of
distillate fuel oil in 1970 by use category. The resulting off-highway
diesel fuel was assumed to be essentially all utilized by farm tractors
and was apportioned to the counties by crop-acres . Emission factors
similar to those used for on-highway diesel fuel were utilized here.
(5) Aircraft (Commercial Only) - Emissions from air-
craft at the seven major municipal airports were based on the number of
landing and takeoff cycles (LTO) and aircraft types employed at each loca-
tion, as described by McGraw and Duprey^ . Airline schedules (effective
(19)
dates April 25, 197l)v ' :for the three commercial airlines operating in
North Dakota (Frontier, North Central, and Northwest Orient) were utilized
to determine the annual LTO's per airport and the type of aircraft employed.
The pertinent data for aircraft operations are listed in Appendix D.
(6) Railroads - The quantity of fuel oil utilized by
railroads in North Dakota was obtained from Bureau of Mines data^ ' and
adjusted to reflect the difference between annual fuel oil sales as reported
tnf\ fQ\
by the Bureau of Mines and by state statistics^ . This value was then
apportioned to counties by track-miles as determined from a recently pub-
lished detailed map of the state.
25
-------
Fuel oil consumption by railroads in the four
(28)
major metropolitan areas was obtained directly from the railroads.
The chief concern in this category was fuel oil consumption utilized for
switching operations as this is the major source of emissions from rail-
roads within the city limits.
Emissions were calculated using the emission factors
for railroads as presented in McGraw and Duprey's Compilation of Air
Pollutant Emissions Factors - 1971. '
(7) Evaporative Losses from Gasoline Marketing - Total
gasoline sold both for highway and off-highway use in 1970 was available
from the State Tax Commissioner's Office. The quantity of highway gaso-
line marketed was apportioned to the counties and cities under study by
total vehicle miles as obtained from the Highway Department. Off-highway
gasoline marketed was apportioned to the counties by farm acres. The
emissions were calculated based upon 21 pounds of hydrocarbons for each
1000 gallons of gasoline sold.
c. Solid Waste Disposal
The state of North Dakota does not have a recent survey
of solid waste disposal available at this time. However, an earlier report
(12)
and discussions with State Health Department personnel indicated that
at least 75 percent of the state population is served by sanitary landfills.
The larger towns with refuse collection facilities generally have landfill
operations, while considerable on-site open burning takes place in rural
areas. There are no municipal incinerators in the state and no other in-
cinerators were found which constituted point sources. Because of the lack
of better data, it was necessary to treat solid waste disposal as an area
source.
The OAP-suggested value of 7 pounds per person per day
of municipal refuse generation from residential, commercial, and institu-
tional sources was assumed. It was further assumed that 75 percent of this
refuse (5.25 Ib/person per day) was landfilled and that the remaining 25
percent (1.75 Ib/person per day) was distributed such that two thirds was
open-burned and one-third was incinerated.
26
-------
All of the four metropolitan areas of interest in the
survey, Bismarck/Mandan, Fargo/West Fargo, Grand Forks, and Minot, are
served by municipal collection facilities and landfills. Further, they
all have ordinances against open-burning. Therefore, it was assumed that
all residential waste (5.5 pounds/person per day, reference 20) was land-
filled. The remaining 1.5 pounds/person per day was assumed to be split
equally between landfills and commercial-institutional incinerators.
Emissions were calculated by means of the emission factors
of McGraw and Duprey and assuming that multiple chamber incinerators
were used.
d. Process Losses
(1) Grain Elevators
As mentioned earlier, some grain elevators did not
return questionnaires. These non-respondents were treated as area sources
in their respective counties. Average emissions for both the country and
terminal elevators were determined from those questionnaires that were
returned. The appropriate emission was then assigned to the non-responding
elevators on the basis of the elevator type, i.e. country or terminal.
(2) Dry Cleaning
McGraw and Duprey have estimated that hydrocarbon
emissions from dry cleaning operations in cold climates, such as that of
North Dakota, average 2.7 pounds per person per day. This value was used
for the determination of emissions from this source for the counties and
four major urban areas of North Dakota.
(3) Surface Coating Operations
This category includes chiefly the application of
paints and varnishes for protective and/or decorative purposes. No state
surface coating consumption data were available for North Dakota, but a
national total for paint and varnish was obtained from the U.S. Paint and
(24)
Varnish Association. ' From this total and the national population, it was
27
-------
determined that per capita consumption of paint and varnish is 0.0243
tons/person per year. This value was used with North Dakota population
iph-
(24)
(13)
data ' to determine the paint and varnish used in the pertinent geograph-
ical areas in the state. Information from the Paint and Varnish Association
indicated that the solvent content of these coatings averaged about 62.5
percent. In determining the hydrocarbon emissions from solvent evaporation,
it was assumed that all of the solvent was hydrocarbon and that it all evap -
orated.
28
-------
V. COMPUTER PRINTOUT
The detailed results of the emissions inventory are presented in the
computer printout which is enclosed in a separate binder.
The printout is arranged by Air Quality Control Region, and for each
region, there is a point source printout and an area source printout.
The point source printout presents detailed data and also summaries of
annual emissions by source category for each political jurisdiction
(county) within the region; these summaries are tabbed, "#8". Similarly,
the area source printout presents detailed data and also summaries of
annual emissions by source category for each political jurisdiction
(county) within the region; these summaries are tabbed, "#18".
Detailed notes on the data provided in the printout are now pre-
sented. They are arranged to follow the sequence of the printout sheets
and should be read in conjunction with general explanations given in
the Methodology section of this report. Numbered tabs are attached to
the printout pages to indicate the first page of each listing.
A. POINT SOURCE PRINTOUT
1. Listing #1
The table presented correlates the emission factor set num-
bers shown in Listing #3 to the emission factors used in the computer-
calculated emissions.
2. Listing #2
a. Standard Industrial Classifications (SIC) and Process
Codes were assigned to each source as shown in Table 9. If more than
one source had the same classification and process code, consecutive
Site numbers were assigned to such sources.
b. The counties corresponding to the Political Jurisdiction
numbers listed are shown in Table 10.
c. Each source was classified by Type as either Process,
Boiler or Solid Waste. With the exception of flares and gas engines
29
-------
TABLE 9
STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION (SIC) NUMBERS AND
ASSOCIATED PROCESS CODES
The source type identification code scheme used in this table is
composed of the following sets of numbers:
A four-digit Standard Industrial Classification (SIC)
code. XXXX, which identifies the nature of the industry.
A two-digit process code, XX, which provides the process
classification.
A zero in the second location of the process code (XO) indicates
a fuel combustion source. In this case, the first digit (X) identifies
the fuel burner type (as defined below).
The fuel burner types defined by the process codes 00, 10, 20, ...90
are defined as follows:
00. All types not listed
10. Pulverized, General
20. Pulverized, Dry Bottom
30. Wet Bottom without Flyash Reinjection - Pulverized
40. Pulverized, Wet Bottom with Flyash Reinjection
50. Cyclone
60. Spreader Stoker without Flyash Reinjection
70. Spreader Stoker with Flyash Reinjection
80. All other Stokers
90. Hand Fired
*******************
SOURCE TYPES FOUND IN NORTH DAKOTA
2029 DAIRY PRODUCTS
XO. Combustion
01. General
2041 FLOUR AND OTHER GRAIN MILL PRODUCTS
XO. Combustion
01. General
02. Wheat
03. Barley
30
-------
TABLE 9 (Continued)
2042 PREPARED FEEDS FOR ANIMALS AND FOWL
XO. Combustion
01. General
02. Alfalfa
2099 FOOD PREPARATIONS, NOT ELSEWHERE CLASSIFIED
XO. Combustion
01. General
2911 PETROLEUM REFINING
XO. Combustion
01. Fluid Catalytic Units
02. Moving Bed Catalytic Units
03. Sulfur Recovery
04. Acid Refining of Lube oils
05. Microfines Unit
06. Calciner Unit
07. Fluid Cokes
08. Process Emissions Source
2951 ASPHALT BATCHING
XO. Combustion
01. Batching
02. Quarrying
03. Rock Drying
04. Sheet Rock Cutting and Trimming
2952 ASPHALT FELTS AND COATINGS
XO. Combustion
01. General
2999 PRODUCTS OF PETROLEUM, NOT ELSEWHERE CLASSIFIED
XO. Combustion
01. General
3273 READY-MIXED CONCRETE
XO. Combustion
01. General
3295 MINERALS AND EARTHS, GROUND OR OTHERWISE TREATED
XO. Combustion
01. Crushing
02. Conveying, Screening, and Shaking
03. Storage Piles
31
-------
TABLE 9 (Continued)
3321 GRAY IRON FOUNDRIES
XO. Combustion
01. Cupola
02. Electric Induction
03. Reverbatory Furnace
4911 ELECTRIC COMPANIES AND SYSTEMS
XO. Combustion
4931 ELECTRIC AND OTHER SERVICES COMBINED (Electric service less than
95% of total)
XO. Combustion
4953 REFUSE SYSTEMS
XO. Combustion (fuel)
01. Municipal Incinerator
02. Open Burning
03. On-Site Multichamber Incinerator
04. On-Site Single Chamber Incinerator
05. Flue-fed Incinerator
06. Other
8061 HOSPITALS
XO. Combustion
8221 COLLEGES, UNIVERSITIES AND PROFESSIONAL SCHOOLS
XO. Combustion
8999 SERVICES, NOT ELSEWHERE CLASSIFIED
XO. Combustion
9100 FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
XO. Combustion
32
-------
TABLE 10
POLITICAL JURISDICTIONS INCLUDED WITHIN AIR QUALITY CONTROL
REGIONS IN NORTH DAKOTA
Metropolitan Fargo - Moorhead Interstate Air Quality Control Region - 130
In the State of Minnesota:
1. Clay County
In the State of North Dakota:
2. Cass County
North Dakota Intrastate Air Quality Control Region (remaining area) - 172
1. Adams
2. Barnes
3. Benson
4. Billings
5. Bottineau
6. Bowman
7. Burke
8. Burleigh
9. Cavalier
10. Dickey
11. Divide
12. Dunn
13. Eddy
14. Emmons
15. Foster
16. Golden Valley
17. Grand Forks
18. Grant
19. Griggs
20. Hettinger
21. Kidder
22. Lamoure
23. Logan
24. McHenry
25. Mclntosh
26. McKenzie
27. McLean
28. Mercer
29. Morton
30. Mountrail
31. Nelson
32. Oliver
33. Pembina
34. Pierce
35. Ramsey
36. Ransom
37. Renville
38. Richland
39. Rolette
40. Sargent
41. Sheridan
42. Sioux
43. Slope
44. Stark
45. Steele
46. Stutsman
47. Towner
48. Traill
49. Walsh
50. Ward
51. Wells
52. Williams
33
-------
associated with petroleum and natural gas production, all fuel combustion
sources were considered boilers. The flares and engines were considered
processes (Code 08) and were assigned to the Process type classification.
3. Listing #3
a. The Shifts/Day value is the ratio of the reported total
operating hours from listing #2 to 2920 (the total hours in one-year
of one-shift per day operation).
b. The Use Factor is the ratio of the maximum process weight
rate (Ib./hr.) to the normal (or average) process weight rate (Ib./hr.)
for process sources. For combustion sources, the Use Factor is the ratio
of the boiler capacity (10 BTU/hr.) to the average heat input (10 BTU/hr.),
The latter value is the product of the total fuel consumed and the fuel
heating value divided by the total operating time.
4. Listing #4
This listing is self-explanatory and no further comments will
be included here.
5. Listing #5
This listing gives the totals of fuels consumed during the
year within the region. Note, for Region No. 172, three tables are
presented for each fuel. Regional totals are obtained by adding the
values from all of these tables.
6. Listing #6
a. Computer Calculated emissions were made only for fuel
combustion sources, using the fuel totals and emission factor set num-
bers indicated. Solid waste and process sources were hand calculated.
These hand calculations were based on annual solid waste and process
totals together with emission factors from McGraw and Duprey (Reference
17, Appendix A).
b. The Uncontrolled emission value is the sum of the com-
puter calculated and hand calculated values.
34
-------
c. The Controlled emission value is the uncontrolled emis-
sion value minus the product of the Control Efficiency and the Controlled
value.
d. The Device Identification numbers correspond to the
control devices listed in Table 11 of this report.
e. The Allowable particulate and S0~ emission values are
those permitted by North Dakota Regulation No. 82 (Reference 18, Appen-
dix A) .
7. Listing #7
The notes for Listing #6 are applicable to this listing, but
neither control devices nor allowable emissions are considered.
8. Listing #8
This listing gives total emission? in tons per year for each
political jurisdiction (county) within the region. The totals are pre-
sented by source category and fuel totals are included for combustion
sources. Refuse totals are presented for each of the solid waste cate-
gories. The industrial-commercial-institutional fuel combustion source
of political jurisdiction 29 (Morton County), Region 172, in the "Other"
category is a petroleum refining operation which consumes large amounts
of high-sulfur content process oil and gas.
9. Listing #9
a. Allowable Emissions - The allowable emissions of parti-
culates and SO- based on the federal model standards (Reference 19,
Appendix A) are presented for all regulated point sources in North Dakota.
b. The Zone numbers specify whether the point source is lo-
cated in zone 13 or zone 14 of the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM)
coordinate system.
35
-------
TABLE 11
POLLUTION REDUCTION DEVICES OR METHODS
001 Wet Scrubber - High Efficiency
002 Wet Scrubber - Medium Efficiency
003 Wet Scrubber - Low Efficiency
004 Gravity Collector - High Efficiency
005 Gravity Collector - Medium Efficiency
006 Gravity Collector - Low Efficiency
007 Centrifugal Collector - High Efficiency
008 Centrifugal Collector - Medium Efficiency
009 Centrifugal Collector - Low Efficiency
010 Electrostatic Precipitator - High Efficiency
Oil Electrostatic Precipitator - Medium Efficiency
012 Electrostatic Precipitator - Low Efficiency
013 Gas Scrubber
014 Mist Eliminator - High Velocity
015 Mist Eliminator - Low Velocity
016 Fabric Filter - High Temperature
017 Fabric Filter - Medium Temperature
018 Fabric Filter - Low Temperature
019 Catalytic Afterburner
020 Catalytic Afterburner with Heat Exchanger
021 Direct Flame Afterburner
022 Direct Flame Afterburner with Heat Exchanger
027 Eliminate Coal Combustion
028 Eliminate Coal and Residual Fuel Oil Combustion
029 Change all Fuel Use to Natural Gas
030 No Fuel Use Over a Maximum Sulfur Content (Specified
by the User in the Regional Data Base)
031 Same as Device 030 but with a Different Allowable
Sulfur Content
039 Catalytic Oxidation - Flue Gas Desulfurization
041 Dry Limestone Injection
042 Wet Limestone Injection
043 Sulfuric Acid Plant - Contact Process
044 Sulfuric Acid Plant - Double Contact Process
045 Sulfur Plant
36
-------
c. Additional information includes comments helpful in
clarifying the location of each of the point sources.
B. AREA SOURCE PRINTOUT
1. Listings #10. #11. #12, #13. #14
Each listing presents emissions of one pollutant in tons per
year by political jurisdiction and consists of four tables. Emissions
entitled, "Apportioned Emissions", Table 1, and "Calculated Emissions",
Table 2, were computer calculated and based on emission factors presented
in Table 12 of this report. Note that in Table 2 of the printout, the
two columns marked "Other" refer to (from left to right):
a. Farm tractors utilizing diesel fuel
b. Farm tractors utilizing gasoline.
Table 3 of the printout, entitled, "Additional Emissions",
was hand calculated. The basis for these hand calculations has been
discussed in the Methodology Section (IV) of this report. Note that
the explanation of the column numbers of Table 3 of the printout are
presented in Table 13 of this report.
In Table 4 of the printout, the total emissions of the pre-
ceding 3 tables are given."Calculated 1" refers to Table 1, "Calculated 2"
refers to Table 2, and "Additional" refers to Table 3.
2. Listing #15
Printout Table 5 shows emission and fuel consumption totals
for the regions. The source categories and appropriate units for the
fuel totals corresponding to rows 1 through 22 are listed in Table 12.
All emissions are expressed in tons per year.
3. Listing #16
Tables 6-1 and 6-2 of the printout show the factors utilized
to apportion each of the 22 fuel totals (see Listing #15) to the political
jurisdictions in the,regions. Note that the column headings 1-11 in
37
-------
oo
TABLE 12
AREA SOURCE EMISSION FACTORS
NO.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
AREA SOURCE CATEGORY
Residential Coal
Residential Oil
Residential Natural Gas
Commercial & Institutional Coal
Commercial & Institutional
Residual Oil
Commercial & Institutional
Distillate Oil
Commercial & Institutional
Natural Gas
Industrial Coal
Industrial Residual Oil
Industrial Distillate Oil
Industrial Natural Gas
Wood
Open Burning
Incineration
Solvent Evaporation of Paints
and Varnishes
Diesel Vessels
Railroads
Diesel Motor Vehicles
Diesel Tractors
Urban Gasoline Motor Vehicles
Rural Gasoline Motor Vehicles
Gasoline Tractors
EMISSION FACTORS (Ibs./unit of fuel)
PARTIC- ** HYDRO-
FUEL UNITS UIATE* 2 CO CARBONS x
Tons /year
10? gal Ions /year
10 cu. ft. /year
Tons /year
10 gal Ions /year
Q
10 gal Ions /year
lu cu. ft. /year
Tons /year
10? gal Ions /year
10fi gallons /year
10 cu. ft. /year
Tons of wood /year
Tons of refuse/yr.
Tons of refuse/yr.
Tons of solvent/yr
ID? gallons /year
10_ gallons /year
103 gal Ions /year
10« gal Ions /year
10 vehicle miles
_ per year
10 vehicle miles
o per year
10 gal Ions /year
2 (A)
10
19
5 (A)
23
15
19
13 (A)
23
15
18
27
16
7
0
25
25
25
25
0.66
0.66
8.25
38(S)
144(S)
0.6
38 (S)
159(S)
144(S)
0.6
38 (S)
159(S)
144(S)
0.6
1.5
1
1.5
0
144 (S)
65
45
45
0.4
0.4
5.0
50
5
20
50
0.2
0.2
20
2
0.2
0.2
0.4
2
85
10
0
65
70
325
325
264
154
3300
12
3
8
12
3
3
8
1
3
3
40
2
30
3
2000
50
50
65
65
35.2
23.1
440
5
12
75
5
60
60
75
15
60
60
175
10
6
3
0
73
75
340
340
18.7
22
233.75
Particulate emissions from coal combustion obtained by multiplying appropriate factor by percent
of ash in coal.
S02 emissions from coal, distillate oil and residual oil combustion obtained by multiplying appro-
priate factor by percent sulfur in fuel. For distillate oil, the percent sulfur was assumed to
equal 0.279%
-------
Table 6-1 correspond to numbers 1-11 in Table 12 of this report and
that column headings 1-11 in Table 6-2 correspond to numbers 12-22 of
Table 12. Units for the apportioning factors are given in Table 14.
A more detailed discussion of the apportioning factors is presented in
the Methodology section.
4. Listing #17
Tables 6-3 and 6-4 present the apportioned fuel totals in
each political jurisdiction for each of the 22 source categories pre-
sented in Listing #15. Again, column headings 1-11 in Table 6-3 cor-
respond to numbers 1-11 of Table 12. Column headings 1-11 in Table 6-4
correspond to numbers 12-22 of Table 12.
5. Listing #18
This listing presents total area source emissions in tons
per year for each political jurisdiction within the regions. The totals
are presented by source category. As mentioned earlier, the two "Others"
in column 1 refer to (from top to bottom) ,
a. Farm tractors utilizing diesel fuel
b. Farm tractors utilizing gasoline.
The identification of "Additional Pollutant" numbers 1-15
is found in Table 13 of this report.
The fuel total units are the same as those given in Table 12
of this report.
39
-------
TABLE 13
ADDITIONAL EMISSIONS
No. Category
1 Gasoline
Marketing
2 Dry Cleaning
3 Liquified Petroleum
Gas (LPG)
4 Aircraft
5 Grain
Eleva-
tors
Turbof an-med .
range
Turboprop
Country
Terminal
6-15 Not applicable
Emission Factors (Ibs./unit)
Units Particulate SO, CO Hydrocarbons NO
£- X
103 gal/yr.
Population
103 gal/yr.
. *
engine-LTO/yr
engine -LTO/yr*
Grain
Elevators
Grain
Elevators
.
0
0
6.1
7
6
132,000
611,400
--
0
0
0.048
2
1
0
0
—
0
0
6.4
16
2
0
0
--
21
2.7
2.5
50
3
0
0
--
0
0
23
7
5
0
0
--
engine-LTO cycle = engine landing-take-off cycle.
-------
TABLE 14. APPORTIONING FACTOR UNITS
SOURCE NO. APPORTIONING FACTOR UNITS
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Number of
106 cubic
Number of
106 cubic
Number of
10 cubic
__
people
feet per year
--
--
commercial establishments
feet per year
__
--
manufacturers
feet per year
--
Tons of refuse per year
Tons of refuse per year
Number of
3
10 track
10 diesel
manufacturers
--
miles
vehicle miles per year
3
10 crop acres
4
10 vehicle miles per year
4
10 vehicle miles per year
o
10 crop acres
41
-------
APPENDIX A
LIST OF POINT SOURCE REFERENCES
1. "1971-1972 Directory of North Dakota Manufacturers", Business and
Industrial Development Department, State of North Dakota.
2. "North Dakota Growth Indicators -- 1970-71", Business and Industrial
Development Department, State of North Dakota.
3. "1970 Directory of Licensed and Bonded Country Elevators in North
Dakota", Farmers Grain Dealers Association of North Dakota, Fargo,
North Dakota.
4. Appendix F, Parts 1 and 2 of "National Emission Standards Study",
A Report to the Congress of the United States by the Secretary,
Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, March, 1970.
5. "List of Qualified Contractors", North Dakota State Highway Depart-
ment, State of North Dakota, 1 July 1970 (Updated to 26 March 1971).
6. North Dakota Telephone Directories for 1970, Northwestern Bell
Telephone Company.
7. Minerals Yearbook. 1968, Volume III, Area Reports: Domestic, Bureau
of Mines, United States Department of the Interior.
8. "Production Statistics and Engineering Data - Oil in North Dakota",
North Dakota Geological Survey, March 1971 (Data for 1st half of 1970).
9. "Steam Electric Plant Factors -- 1968", National Coal Association,
Washington, D. C.
10. "Steam Electric Plant Construction Cost and Annual Production Expenses,"
21st Annual Supplement -- 1968, United States Federal Power Commission,
Published 1970.
11. "Final Fall Enrollment Report -- 1970-71", Board of Higher Education,
State Department of Public Instruction, State of North Dakota.
12. "North Dakota Educational Directory -- 1970...1971", Department of
Public Instruction, State of North Dakota.
13. "List of North Dakota Hospitals", Division of Health Facilities,
Department of Health, State of North Dakota, January 1971.
14. "List of North Dakota Motels and Hotel Facilities", personal communi-
cation from Bismarck Chamber of Commerce, Bismarck, North Dakota,
April 1971.
-------
15. Personal contacts with employees of the North Dakota State Depart-
ment of Health. (In particular, the advice of Messrs. Dana Mount,
Gene Christiansen, Kenneth Kary, Everett Lobb, and Darwin Schultz
was useful.)
16. "Petroleum Products and Anti-Freeze 1969 Report," Bulletin No. 158,
State Laboratories Department, North Dakota State Laboratories
Commission, May 1970.
17. "Air Pollutant Emission Factors," (Preliminary Document), by
M. J. McGraw and R. I. Duprey, Office of Air Programs, Environ-
mental Protection Agency, April 1971.
18. "North Dakota Air Pollution Control Regulations," Regulation No.
82, North Dakota State Department of Health, effective date: July 1,
1970.
19. "National Ambient Air Quality Standards," Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, Federal Register 36, No. 67, pp. 6680-6701, April 7,
1971.
-------
APPENDIX B
COVER LETTER AND
SAMPLE QUESTIONNAIRES
-------
NORTH DAKOTA
STATE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
BISMARCK 58601
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND ENGINEERING SERVICES
W, VAN HEUVELEN. M. S .. P . E .. CH I EF
AP"1 26>
JAMES R AMOS M.O. WATER SUPPLY ft POLLUTION CONTROL
STATE HEALTH OF MCE* ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION fi FOOD PROTECTION
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
Dear Sir:
The Air Pollution Control Program of the North Dakota State Department
of Health requests your cooperation in providing the information asked for on
the enclosed questionnaire concerning the operation of your facilities. The
data provided will be evaluated and translated into emissions of pollutants to
the atmosphere and added to the total emissions from all sources in the State
of North Dakota. This source information will enable the Department to develop
air pollution control programs necessary for compliance with requirements of
the Federal Clean Air Amendments of 1970.
This emission survey is being conducted under provisions of Section 23-
25-04 of Chapter 23-25 of the North Dakota Century Code. Information from
this survey will be used according to the confidentiality provision in Sec-
tion 23-25-06 of Chapter 23-25 of the North Dakota Century Code or Sec-
tion 114(c) of the Clean Air Amendments of 1970 concerning the divulgence of
methods or processes entitled to protection as trade secrets.
If you require additional information or assistance regarding the
questionnaire, you may contact Mr. Darwin W. Schultz of this office, telephone
224-2387. Some receiving the questionnaire may also be contacted by telephone
by a representative of G.C.A., who is assisting this Department in the collec-
tion of emission inventory data.
We would appreciate the return of the questionnaire by May 7, 1971. Your
cooperation and expeditious completion of the inventory forms is urgently
requested.
Thank you.
Sincerely,
^ _
Gene A. Christfanson, Director
Division of Environmental
Engineering
GAC-vb
-------
ieturn to: Air Pollution Con,trol Program
North Dakota State Department
Health
Capitol Building
Bismarck, North Dakota - 58501
AIR CONTAMINANT EMISSIONS SURVEY
Infoimation It to b. repreiwitativa of Calendar Year
t^ recent)
First name:
Person to contact regarding this report:
Mailing address:
Plant address:
Nature of business: (Products)
Employees at plant location: Less than 100 .
-Title:.
. Phone:
100 or more.
FUEL USE FOR GENERATION OF HEAT, STEAM. AND POWER
Hours per day.
Normal operating schedule: •__
Seasonal and/or peak operation period: (Specify)
Estimate of percent of total fuel consumed to provide-space heat:
Days per week
Weeks per year
A
Sources
or No. of
boileriO
B
Si I. of
unit (input) ,
10° Btu/hr
c
Type
unitc
D
E
F
G
H
Fuel iota*
Type
fuel*
Amount
per yeor*
Heol content",
Btu
Percent
•ulfurS'"
Percent ash
(cool only)«d.
Pflge 1 of General Form
-------
Return to: ,
Air Pollution Control Program
North Dakota State Dept. of Health
Capitol Building
Bismarck, North Dakota - 58501
AIR CONTAMINANT EMISSIONS SURVEY
- REFUSF. DISPOSAL
Refuse disposed of.
On site.
Normal on-site combustion operating schedule:
Seasonal and/or peak operation period: (Specify).
. Off site - Location of disposal site and/or name of hauler:
Hours per day Days per week
. Weeks per year
A
B
Waste material
Typo"
•
Amount per year"
C
Method of diipoiat
(So* cod* below)
D
Incinerator
Capacity,
Ib/hr
E
Auxiliary
fuel usedc
F
oir cleaning
equipment"'*
G
H
Estimate of contaminants'1
Typ.'
Quantity
per yearS
° Rubbish, garbage, mixed garbage and rubbish, waste paper, wood chips or sawdust, etc.
Tens, pounds or gc\ Ions/year. • . • . . - . -
c Indicate whether auxiliary fuel is used in incinerators and pit burning, and the amount.
Wetted buffles, impingement scrubbers, afterburners, electrostatic precipitator, boghoute, etc* . :
* please state if efficiency is a rated or operating efficiency.
Solid* and/or gases (include chemical description of gases).
^Pounds or tons per year.
G>ve stack test data if available, or otherwise specify basis used.
Method of Disposal Code;
1. Open-burning dump.
2* Sanitary landfill, (no burning)
3* Burned in boiler or furnace*
4. incinerator, single chamber (one Totally enclosed refractory-lined chamber in which both primary and secondary combustion toke place).
5* Incinerator, multiple chamber (two or more refractory-lineo! chambers interconnected ly gas passage ports or ducts and designed to provide
complete combustion of materials.
6- Incinerator, rotary.
7- Conical metal burner.
8. Other (Specify)
Page 2 of General Form
-------
Return to.: Air Pollution Control Program
North Dakota State Department
Health
Capitol Building
Bismarck, North Dakota - 58501
AIR CONTAMINANT EMISSIONS SURVEY
Information U to b. representative of Calendar Year (MOSt recent)
• First name:
Person to contact regarding this report:.
Mailing address:
Plant address:
Nature of business: (Products)
-Title:
Phone:
Normal operating schedu
Seasonal andVor peak opt
Note: For intermittent c{
A
Processes oroperofion t
• releosing contaminants
to atmosphere0'"
e: Hours ocr day Days per week W
jration period:
'eeks per year.
aerations, indicate approximate frequency and duration so that estimates of yearly emissions may be obtained.
B
c
Materials processed and/or
. usrd at operations
Typ.c
Qoon!i»y per y»ar<*
ow ., i b d '( 't .| . . j .
D
Quantity of gat
di »charg«d from
process or operation
kr if . , i , i . , . ... . |r I i f i
e,.,jj ' 1 h d d ' d d obi 'it d II
urc 5'ven in columns F ond G.
E
Type and efficiency
air cleaning
equipment**'
F | G
no n s
Typ.8
Quantity per yeor<*
H
Bo j" % of •* timof*
(Pl*os« specify bo»i»)
dry process, solvent cleaning, ar other (pleat* specify).
n»; etc. per year. Specific quantities per year ar* not required If complete emission rat* e,u«ntifia»
.
6 Dust, fjme, gas, etc. emitted: iron oxide, mineral or rock dust, trichlorefhylene, formaldehyde, sulfur dloKlde, etc*
" Process material balance studies, field tests by plant or by equipment manufacturer*, or other bad*.
Any supplemental material or data considered pertinent (reports, luminaries, test results, map*, flew diagrams) may be tubmitted with this form.
Page 3 of General Form
-------
QUESTIONNAIRE FOR GRAIN HANDLING OPERATION
DATA FOR YEAR (MOST RECENT) OFFICE USE ONLY
Return to: Rec'd by:
Air Pollution Control Program Reviewed by-
North Dakota State Dept. of Health County:
Capitol Building Coordinates;
Bismarck, North Dakota - 58501
I. General
A. Company Name
Plant Address
City Zip Code_
B. Person to Contact
Name
Position Telephone No.
C. Average Number of Employees
D. Operating Schedule
_Hrs/Day (if seasonal, give range)
_Days/Year
II. Process Information
A. Terminal Elevators Tons/Year
1. Shipping or Receiving
2. Transferring, Conveying, etc.
3. Screening and Cleaning
4. Drying ;
B. Country Elevators
1. Shipping or Receiving
2. Transferring, Conveying, etc.
3. Screening and Cleaning
C. Grain Processing
1. Alfalfa Dehydrating
2. Alfalfa Meal Milling
3. Corn Meal
4. Soybean Processing
5. Malted Barley or Wheat Cleaner
6. *Milo Cleaner or Rice Dryer
7. *Barley Flour or Rice Milling
8. Wheat Milling
D. *Feed Manufacturing ^
E. Control Equipment
1. Type of Dust Collectors) (Specify separately
for each process with emissions
2. Design Efficiency
3. Quantity Retained in collector(s), Tons/Year
^Specify which kind.
-------
ASPHALT BATCH PLANTS
DATA FOR YEAR (Most recent)
OFFICE USE ONLY
Return to:
I.
II.
Air Pollution Control Program
North Dakota State Dept. of Health
Capitol Building
Bismarck, North Dakota - 58501
General
A. Company Name_
Rec'd by:
Reviewed by:_
County:
Coordinates:
SIC No.:
Plant Address_
City
_Zip Code_
B.
Person to Contact
Name
Position
^Telephone No.
C. Average Number of Employees_
_Hrs/Day (if seasonal, give range)
_Days/Year
Process Information
A. Amount of Asphalt Produced During Year
B. Control Equipment on Dryer
Equipment Type % Efficiency
(Tons)
Installation Date
Precleaner
Cyclone
Scrubber
Centrifugal
Orifice Type
Baffle Spray Tower
Bag House
Other
C.
Fuel Use
Type
Amount
-------
CONCRETE BATCH PLANTS
DATA FOR YEAR (Most recent) OFFICE USE ONLY
Return to; Rec'd by;_
A- n 1-1 ,.- r> *. -in Reviewed by:
Air Pollution Control Program
North Dakota State Dept. of Health County:.
Capitol Building Coordinates
Bismarck, North Dakota - 58501
SIC No.;
I. General
A. Company Name
Plant Address
City ; Zip Code_
B. Person to Contact
Name
Position
Telephone No.
C. Average Number of Employees_
D. Operating Schedule
_Hrs./Day (if seasonal, give range)
_Days/Year
II. Process Information
A. Amount Produced During Year (tons) or (cubic yards)
B. Control Equipment
Type
Ef f i ci ency_ %
Installation Date
-------
SAND AND GRAVEL
PROCESSING QUESTIONNAIRE
DATA FOR YEAR (MOST RECENT)
OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Return to:
I.
Air Pollution Control Program
North Dakota State Dept. of Health
Capitol Building
Bismarck, North Dakota - 58501
General Information
A. Name of Firm
Rec'd by;
Reviewed FyT
County:
Coordinates:
SIC No.:
Plant Address
.City-
_City_
Mailing Address
B. Person to contact concerning this form_
Telephone
State
Position
C. Operating Schedule_
_Hrs/day (if seasonal, give range)
_Days/yr
II. Process Information
A.
B.
C.
Raw Material Processed_
Amount Produced
_Tons/yr
Tons/yr
Crushing Operations (Please Check)
1. Primary Crushing
2. Secondary Crushing and Screening_
3. Tertiary Crushing & Screening
4. Fines Milling
5. Recrushing and Screening
Miscellaneous Operations (Please Check)
1. Screeni ng
2. Convey ing__
3. Handling
4. Storing-Piles_
Page 1
-------
III. Additional Process Information (Not described above)
IV. Stack Data
V.
Source
Height
Diameter
Exit
Velocity
Exit
Temperature
Control Equipmant
Operation
Type of Equipment
Percent Efficiency
Page 2
(SAND AND GRAVEL)
-------
Return to: Air Pollution Control Program
North Dakota State Department of
Health
Capitol Building
Bismarck, North Dakota-58501
I. General Information
Firm Name
PETROLEUM REFINERY EMISSION'S QUESTIONNAIRE
DATA ™* YI^R {Most Recent)
Rec'd by:j
Reviewed by:_
County:
Coordinates:
SIC No.:
Person to Contact_
Address of Plant
Mailing Address
Title
Telephone
_City_
_City_
Amount of Crude Processed_
Employees £t Plant Site
JBarrels/Year. Plant Capacity_
. Land Area at Site
_Barrels/Day.
Normal Operating Schedule_
_Hours/Day_
_Days/Year.
Type of Sulfur Recovery System ._
. Amount Removed
_. Method of Disposal_
II. Fuel Use for Generation of Heat, Power, Steam
A I a
| Size
Source j Unit (input)
Kur.ber ! 10* BTU/Hr
j
l
!
I
!
i
!
1
1
C
Instal-
lation
Date
•
i
•
1
i
D
Type
Fuel
i
E
Amount
Per/Year
F
Heat
Content
G
Percent
Sulfur
t
H
Height
Ft.
Dia
Ft.
•
.
Stack Data
Exit
Velocity
fos j
Lxit
!«-;?
of
i
i
Page 1 of PETROLEUM REFINERY QUESTIONNAIRE
-------
I'll. (a) Process Information
i
1
i
Number
: 101
102
103
104
105
106
107
Process or Operation
Releasing Contaminants
To Atir.osphere
Catalytic Cracking Unit
Tvoe
Colling Towers
Vacuum Jets
Process Drains
Compressor Int. Comb.
Engines
Slow'dov.'a Svs terns
Storage Tank
Number Fixed Roof
Number Floating Roof
Materials
Used ;
Type
Fresh Feed
Colling Water
Vacuum Feed
Waste Water
Gas
Emissions 1
from P
103 Gal
103 Gal
Processed and/or
it Operation
Quantity/Year
Barrels
106 Gals
Barrels
Barrels
1000 Ft.3
Will be Estimated •
lant Capacity
Total Capacity
103 Gal
103 Gal
C
Type
cntrol En
Instal.
Dcte
i
uip-cnz j
I
Efficiency
IV. (a) Emission and Stack Information for above Processes
• »
o w
£: o
o
i> O
0 '-> V
i- a. >
3 0
0
>
•H
u
•H 05
u> u:
3 O
^i hJ
Stack Data
4^
•^3 ^^s
CO .
•H 4J
OJ b
i
|
t
1
.
x-x
• •
03 4J
C3 ^^
•
>^
^j
•H
(J ^v
U O W
•H rH {X
X 0) «4-l
W > N^
£xj
0
4J Qd
•H S
x o
W H
t
Emission Estimates (Tons/Year^ ro At"o«^h 2
*
t C
O O
l-i XI
•0 Wi
>^ «
a o
C
o
U3 (/)
O G
ti -a
i-< -H
•H X
Z 0
!-i
CJ
JS
4-1
0
t
y- a
O •"->
a
« S
•H -H
U) U
(^ 0)
i
j
!
1
1 i
i
Page 2 of PETROLEUM REFINERY QUESTIONNAIRE
-------
(b) Process Information (Other possible sources not identified)
Number
Process or Operation
Releasing Contaminants
to Atmosphere
Materials Processed and/or
Used at Operation
Type
Quantity /Year
•
Control Enuior.c-r.t
Tvpe
Instal.
Date
Ef ficiaacv
i
IV. (b) Emission and Stack Information for Above Processes
Check Type
Source No.
of Process
Above
^
0
R
4-
or.
0
M
rJ
,-1
ft.
^ 6
£ VJ
x n
H t>«
Fugitive
Loss
Stack Data
;->
£. *-+
u .
•H AJ
0) (m
= -^
/•^
• •
n) JJ
•H U«
O ^
,
Exit
Velocity
(fps)
P^
o •
•u o.
•H £
X ^ fij
re o
•
c
V
to w
o a
W -0
AJ -r-i
•H X
•7! 0
1 .
2'
H—
tJ
!~>
i~i O
O 4J
C
'/j H
•rJ -r-l
Vi ^
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NOTE: 1. Any supplemental material or data considered pertinent (flow diagrams, plant layouts, emission tests
or reports, etc.) should be submitted with this form.
2. Duplicate this or any page If more space is required.
Page 3 of PETROLEUM REFINERY QUESTIONNAIRE
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SAWMILL EMISSION QUESTIONNAIRE
DATA FOR YEAR (MOST RECENT)
OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Return to: Air Pollution Control Program Recld by:
North Dakota State Dept. of Health Reviewed Eyl
Capitol Building Countv
r> * ____.__.1, KiAUkxL. r\«.i^«.x«. cocrti J^ "-
Bismarck, North Dakota - 58501 Coordinates:
SIC No.: j
General
A. Name of Company
Plant Address
Ci ty State Z1 p
B. Person to Contact Position
Telephone No.
C. Operating Schedule Hrs/Day^ Days/Year
II. Process Information
A. Dust Producing Operations
1. Amount/Year (Tons) processed in each step:
Debarking
Cutting
Planing
Other
2. Is a burner used at this site? Yes No
If yes, give amount burned/year (Tons) , and:
a. Date of Installation
b. Burner Data: Base Dia. (ft.) Top Dia. (ft.)
Height (ft.) Top Screen Size Capacity^
c. Firing Data: % Excess Air Exit Gas Temp. °F.
Type Overfire - tangential or radial
Method of Charge - Bulldozer, conveyor, or other
d. Control Equipment: Type
Percent Efficiency__ % Date of Installation^
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APPENDIX C
LIST OF AREA SOURCE REFERENCES
1. "Sales of Natural Gas by Communities," Annual Report of Northern States
Power Company to Public Service Commission, State of North Dakota,
December 31, 1969.
2. "Sales of Natural Gas by Communities," Annual Report of Great Plains
Natural Gas Co. to Public Service Commission, State of North Dakota,
December 31, 1970.
3. "Monthly Operating Revenue Report - Gas," Report of Montana Dakota Util-
ities Co. to Public Service Commission, State of North Dakota, Decem-
ber 1970.
4. "Petroleum Products and Anti-Freeze 1968 Report," Bulletin No. 155,
State Laboratories Department, North Dakota State Laboratories Commis-
sion, May 1969.
5. "Petroleum Products and Anti-Freeze, 1969 Report," Bulletin No. 158,
State Laboratories Department, North Dakota State Laboratories Commis-
sion, May 1970.
6. "North Dakota Growth Indicators--1970-71," Business and Industrial
Development Department, State of North Dakota.
7. Minerals Yearbook, 1968, Volume III, Area Reports: Domestic, Bureau
of Mines, U.S. Department of the Interior.
8. "Motor Fuel Sales for 1970," memo from Olivia Miller, Director - Motor
Fuel Tax Division, Office of State Tax Commissioner, State of North
Dakota, March 16, 1970.
9. "North Dakota Traffic Report 1969," Planning and Research Division,
North Dakota State Highway Dept.
10. "Basic Data Reduction - Community Description Reports," E. Lobb,
Environmental Sanitation and Food, State Health Dept., North Dakota,
11 June 1968.
11. "Basic Data Reduction - Land Disposal Site Investigation Reports,"
E. Lobb, Environmental Sanitation and Food, State Health Dept., North
Dakota, 12 June 1968.
12. Personal communication with Everett Lobb, Director, Environmental
Sanitation and Food, State Department of Health, North Dakota, June 24,
1971.
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13. "1970 Census of Population," North Dakota Advance Report (PC(V2)-36),
Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, October 1970.
14. "Petroleum and Other Liquid Fuels," in Mark's Mechanical Engineers'
Handbook, 6th ed., edited by Theodore Baumeister, McGraw-Hill Book
Co., New York, N.Y., 1958.
15. Schedules of major airlines serving North Dakota; a) Frontier Air-
lines, b) North Central Airlines, and c) Northwest Airlines.
16. "Atmospheric Emissions from Fuel Oil Combustion - An Inventory Guide,"
Public Health Publication No. 999-AP-2, U.S. Dept. of Health, Educa-
tion and Welfare, November 1962.
17. "Atmospheric Emissions from Coal Combustion - An Inventory Guide,"
National Air Pollution Control Administration Publication No. 999-
AP-2A, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education and Welfare, April 1966.
18. "North Dakota Air Pollution Control Regulations," Regulation No. 82,
North Dakota State Department of Health, effective date: July 1, 1970.
19. "Air Pollutant Emission Inventory Techniques," by P.J. Bierbaum and
M.J. Gedgaudas, draft manuscript, Office of Air Programs, Environmental
Protection Agency.
20. "Air Pollutant Emission Factors," (Preliminary document), by M.J.
McGraw and R.J. Duprey, Air Pollution Control Office, Environmental
Protection Agency, April 1971.
21. "National Ambient Air Quality Standards," Federal Register 36, No. 67,
6680-6701, April 7, 1971.
22. "1971 Official Highway Map (North Dakota)," North Dakota State High-
way Department.
23. "Petroleum Facts and Figures," 1971 edition, American Petroleum
Institute, 1271 Avenue of the Americas, New York, N.Y.
24. Personal communication with Francis W. Schofield, U.S. Paint and
Varnish Association, Washington, D.C., June 21, 1971.
25. "Bituminous Coal and Lignite Distribution-1970," Mineral Industry
Surveys, Bureau of Mines, U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Washington, D.C.
26. "Sales of Fuel Oil and Kerosene in 1969," Mineral Industry Surveys,
Bureau of Mines, U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Washington, D.C.
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27. "1968 LP-Gas Shipments Up 11.7 Percent," in LP-Gas, p. 30, December
1969.
28. Personal communications with offices of railroads serving North
Dakota: a) Burlington-Northern, b) SOO Line, and c) Chicago, Mil-
waukee, St. Paul and Pacific, July 7, 1971.
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APPENDIX D
COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT LANDING-TAKEOFF CYCLES IN
NORTH DAKOTA (1971)
Airport
Bismarck
County
Burleigh
Aircraft
Class
Med. Range Turbofan
Turboprop
No. of Engine -
LTO Cycles /yr.
11,315
2,920
Devils Lake Ramsey
Turboprop
1,460
Fargo
Cass
Med. Range Turbofan
Turboprop
10,017
2,920
Grand
Forks
Grand Forks Med. Range Turbofan
Turboprop
7,300
3,650
Jamestown Stutsman Med. Range Turbofan
Minot Ward Med. Range Turbofan
Turboprop
1,095
2,920
2,190
Williston
Williams
Turboprop
2,190
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