RESEARCH TRIANGLE
N S T I T U T E
Interim Report
May 12, 1970 through April 14, 1971
FIELD EVALUATION OF NEW AIR POLLUTION MONITORING SYSTEMS:
THE LOS ANGELES STUDY
L. F. Ballard
J. B. Tommerdahl
C. E. Decker
T. M. Royal
D. R. Nifong
National Air Pollution Control Administration
Contract No. CPA 70-101
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Page
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Objectives 1
1.2 Experimental Approach and Description of Facilities 2
1.3 Summary of Findings 6
2.0 GAS ANALYZERS 8
2.1 Chemllumlnescent Ozone Analyzer 8
2.1.1 Instrument Description 8
2.1.2 Range and Response Characteristics 8
2.1.3 Interferences 8
2.1.4 Operational Summary 9
2.1.5 Maintenance 9
2.1.6 Cost 9
2.2 Gas Phase Chemllumlnescent Ozone Analyzer (Use Sub- 10
categories as In 2.1 through 2.11)
2.3 Coulometrlc Total Oxldant Analyzer 12
2.4 Colorlmetrlc Total Oxldant Analyzer 15
2.5 Colorlmetrlc S02 Analyzer 17
2.6 Flame Photometric S02 Analyzer 19
2.7 Coulometrlc S02 Analyzer 22
2.8 Conductlmetrlc SO,, Analyzer 24
2.9 Flame Photometric-Gas Chromatographlc H2S and SO- Analyzer 26
2.10 Colorlmetrlc Hydrogen Sulflde Analyzer 28
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Page
3.0 CALIBRATION AND AMBIENT AIR SAMPLING SYSTEMS 32
3.1 Ozone Calibration 32
3.2 Sulfur Dioxide Calibration 32
3.3 Nitrogen Dioxide Calibration 35
3.4 Hydrogen Sulfide Calibration 35
3.5 Ambient Air Sampling System 36
4.0 METEOROLOGICAL SENSORS 38
4.1 Air Temperature 38
4.2 Solar Radiation 40
4.3 Relative Humidity 40
4.4 Wind Speed and Direction 41
5.0 DATA ACQUISITION STSTEM 42
5.1 General System Description 42
5.2 Signal Conditioning 47
5.3 Manual Data Entry 48
5.4 Analog Recording 49
5.5 Digital Recording System 50
5.6 Power Units 51
6.0 COMPUTER PROCESSING OF FIELD DATA 54
6.1 Raw Voltage Dump 54
6.2 Copy 54
6.3 Edit 57
6.4 Transfer Functions 57
6.5 Analog Input 57
6.6 Lag Time Correction 57
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Page
6.8 Averaging 58
6.9 Frequency Distribution 58
6.10 Diurnal Averages 59
6.11 Correlations 59
7.0 INSTRUMENT EVALUATION 60
7.1 Definitions of Performance Criteria 61
7.1.1 Physical Characteristics 61
7.1.2 Measured Responses to Standard Test Procedures 63
7.1.3 Data Quality Determined for Field Evaluation 66
7.1.4 Functional Capability Determined by Field 70
Monitoring Experience
7.2 Experimental Performance Data 71
7.2.1 Physical Characteristics 71
7.2.2 Measured Responses to Standard Teat Procedures 75
7.2.3 Data Quality Determined from Field Evaluation 79
7.2.4 Functional Capability Determined by Field 85
Monitoring Experience
7.3 Linearly Weighted Decision Model 89
7.4 Performance Summary 93
8.0 AIR POLLUTION SUMMARY 98
8.1 Ozone 98
8.2 Oxldant 98
8.3 Sulfur Dioxide 105
REFERENCES 120
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Page
APPENDIX B AIR QUALITY DATA FROM OZONE, OXIDANT, SOg, H2S AND 123
N02 INSTRUMENTS
B.I Five-Minute Data (Included in Copies 1-4 Only) 123
B.2 Hourly Averages - Before Continuous Drift Corrections 123
(Included in Copies 1-4 Only)
B.3 Hourly Averages - After Continuous Drift Corrections 123
(Included in Copies 1-4 Only)
B.4 Three-Hour Averages (Included in Copies 1-4 Only) 123
B.5 Six Hour Averages 124
B.6 Twelve-Hour Averages 142
B.7 Dally Averages 153
APPENDIX C INSTRUMENT CORRELATION 161
APPENDIX D DIURNAL AVERAGES 175
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Objectives
The purpose of this program Is to conduct a full scale field
evaluation In different geographical areas to determine the effects on
the response of ambient air analyzers of typical combinations of pollu-
tants In an urban environment. The aim Is to establish on both an
absolute and comparative basis the degree to which the Instruments
evaluated meet the needs of control agencies for reliable and accurate
measurements. It Is also desirable to Identify certain Instruments as
prime candidates for adoption as standard Instrumental methods that will
withstand the scrutiny of scientists Interested In the accuracy and
validity of measurements.
A large number of ambient air analyzers for ozone and SO. have been
developed by the Air Pollution Control Office both through Inhouse and
contract research. Commercial units are also becoming available. Eval-
uation tests have been conducted on a limited scale up to the present time
and significant questions concerning field performance need to be ans-
wered [1].
Instruments for measuring SO. and ozldant In the Los Angeles environ-
ment are the principle subjects of this Interim report. Instruments and
methods being evaluated Include a Gas Phase Chemllumlnescent Ozone Photo-
meter, Solid Phase Chemllumlnescent Ozone Photometer, a Coulometrlc Oxldant
Analyzer,a Colorlmetrlc Oxldant Analyzer, a Flame Photometric S02 Analyzer,
an Automated West-Gaeke SO. Monitor, an Automated GC-FPD S02, HjS Analyzer, a
Coulometrlc SO, Analyzer, a Colorlmetrlc N02 Analyzer, and a Colorlmetrlc H2S
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was postponed until a later time. Supporting meteorological Instrumentation
includes wind speed and direction, temperature, solar radiation, and
humidity sensors.
1.2 Experimental Approach
A mobile laboratory was considered to be the most realistic
method to both transport and house the Instruments for the evaluation.
Figure 1.1 shows the views of the mobile laboratory before Installation
of Instruments and after location adjacent to the Los Angeles County Air
Pollution Control Board's central research facility on the corner of
Fifth and San Pedro Streets, In downtown Los Angeles.
Dynamic calibration for the analyzers Is provided by an ultra-violet
lamp ozone generator and calibrated S02 diffusion tubes In a constant tem-
perature water bath. The calibration manifolds extend along the wall behind
the Instrument cabinets. Positions of the Installed analyzers are shown In
Figures 1.2 and 1.3. In Figure 1.2a can be seen the Melpar Flame Photo-
metric Analyzer, the Philip S(>2 Analyzer and the GC Flame Photometric SO,*
H2S Analyzer. Figure 1.2b shows the digital data acquisition system and
the signal conditioning unit. Figure 1.2c Is the Chemllumlnescent Ozone
Photometer. Figure 1.3a shows the Technlcon CSM-6 Air Monitor which has the
capability of simultaneously measuring colorlmetrlcally six air pollutants.
Four channels of this Instrument were used In place of Individual analysers
for the Colorlmetrlc Continuous Oxldant Analyzer, the Automated West-Gaeke
S02 Monitor, the Colorlmetrlc NO,, Analyzer, and the Colorlmetrlc H,S Ana-
lyzer. In Figure 1.3b Is shown the wind speed and direction, temperature,
solar radiation, and humidity sensors. In the close-up of Figure 1.3c may
be seen the hooded sample Inlet. A more comprehensive description of the
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(c)
Figure 1.2 Air Monitoring Instrumentation
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(b)
Figure 1.3 Air Monitoring Instrumentation
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Section 3.0, the meteorological monitors in Section 4.0 and the data
*
acquisition system in Section 5.0.
1.3 Summary of Findings
The Los Angeles study has provided valuable information on
instrument evaluation procedures, instrument performance, and the
characteristics of the local atmosphere. It has shown that: (1) the
use of a mobile laboratory and an automated data acquisition system with
magnetic tape storage of the data in computer compatible format is a
rapid and economical approach to large scale instrument evaluation for
atmospheric pollution monitoring; (2) most of the instruments that
were studied can accurately measure oxidant, ozone, SCL, H^S and NO^,
but there are significant differences in their level of performance and
the operator time and materials required to maintain this performance;
(3) daytime oxidant is primarily ozone during the September-November
period; (4) ozone levels higher than total oxidant result from S09 inter-
ference to the oxidant measurement techniques; (5) non-wet chemical
techniques such as chemiluminescent detectors, flame photometric detectors
and gas chromatographic-FPD combinations require the least maintenance
and were operational better than 93% of the evaluation period, (6) coulo-
metric and conductimetric SO- measurements are consistently higher than
values obtained by flame photometric measurements; (7) hydrogen sulfide
and methyl mercaptan are occasionally present in the Los Angeles atmos-
phere; (8) sulfur dioxide levels frequently exceed 0.030 ppm during the
afternoon; sulfur dioxide in Los Angeles, California represents better than
90% of the total gaseous sulfur in the atmosphere. (9) In the S02 group, the
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A single average calibration curve for the entire period fits all the
calibration data with a standard deviation of about 0.005 ppm over the
range zero to 0.080 ppm. (10) In the oxidant-ozone category, the gas
phase chemiluminescence (after a two-week break-in period) and coulometric
instruments had a standard deviation near zero of about 0.001 ppm. Near
0.1 ppm, the solid phase chemiluminescent instrument was most reproducible
with a standard deviation about a single average calibration curve of
about 0.002 ppm followed by the gas phase chemiluminescence and coulometric
instruments at about 0.003 ppm. (11) The N02 colorimetric instrument and
N0» permeation tube calibration techniques need to be improved.
Additional results and further verification of some of the findings
for these and other instruments is anticipated when the mobile laboratory
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2.0 GAS ANALYZERS
2.1 Chemiluminescent Ozone Analyzer
•
2.1.1 Instrument Description
The principle of operation of the chemiluminescent ozone
analyzer is based on the chemiluminescent reaction between ozone and
Rhodamine-B absorbed on a silica-gel disk, causing the emission of a
minute amount of light. This emission of light is measured using a
photomultiplier tube with the current output from the PM tube being a
function of the concentration of ozone passing over and reacting with
the Rhodamine-B disk. This technique is based on the work done by
Regener [2] and is highly sensitive and specific for ozone. This
analyzer operates in a cyclic mode and features a self-contained, ultra-
violet ozone generator for dynamic calibration of the system every five
minutes. A calibrate and measure signal is alternately displayed every
five minutes with a purge cycle of 75 seconds on either side.
2.1.2 Range and Response Characteristics
The linear range of the chemiluminescent ozone meter is
0-0.5 ppm. The minimum detectable concentration for this detector was
reported to be 1 ppb [14]. Since a cyclic mode of operation is employed,
lag time and total rise time to 95% are equal to the total time for one
cycle [i.e. (purge-calibrate-purge-measure) = 5 minutes]. Response time
to a given concentration of ozone is approximately 5-10 seconds.
2.1.3 Interferences
No known components of the lower atmosphere other than
ozone have been observed to give chemiluminescence with the reactive
surface. Regener [2] reported no interference from N09, S0_ or PAN.
Recent experiments by Hodgeson et. al [3] have demonstrated that S02,
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2.1.4 Operational Summary
The chemiluminescent analyzer was unpacked and put in
an operational mode in 20 minutes. One-half hour was required for the
system to equilibrate. A multi-point calibration (zero and three points)
was run using the calibration system described in Section 3.1. One hour
of time was required to complete the initial calibration. A total time
of two hours was required to install, equilibrate, calibrate and bring
this analyzer on line.
During the three-month evaluation program, the chemiluminescent
ozone meter had one failure period, resulting from a mechanical stop in
the shutter assembly of the UV ozone generator working loose. This
problem was quickly rectified and the instrument performed exceptionally
well throughout the duration of the program.
2.1.5 Maint enanc e
The chemiluminescent ozone meter required no maintenance
during the three-month period of time. Maintenance time, repair time,
and miscellaneous downtime accounted for 0, 0.004, and 2.9 percent of
the total time, respectively.
2.1.6 Cost
Estimated production cost for the chemiluminescent ozone
analyzer is approximately $3,900. Cost of operation per week was
negligible, since no reagents are required. One reactive surface (i.e.
Rhodamine-B on silica gel) will last at least six months under normal
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2.2 Gas Phase Chemlluminescent Ozone Analyzer
2.2.1 Instrument Description
A gas phase chemiluminescent ozone analyzer based on the
design of Nederbragt [4] and Warren [5] and built at APCO facilities,
was installed in the mobile van on September 1, 1970. The theory of
operation is based on the gas phase chemiluminescent reaction of ozone
with ethylene. The ethylene reaction has been reported to be specific
for ozone and has no known interferences. Ozonized air (1 Jl/min) and
ethylene (30 cc/min) are mixed countercurrently in concentric glass tubes
closely coupled to the cathode face of the photomultiplier tube. At the
present time, no internal calibration source is required.
2.2.2 Range and Response Characteristics
The dynamic range of the gas phase chemiluminescent ozone
analyzer was set to 0-0.5 ppm for the Los Angeles phase of the evaluation.
The minimum detectable concentration of the system for ozone was reported
to be 0.02 ppm [14]. Lag and response time and total rise time to 95%
were nominally 0.2, 1.0 and 3.0 minutes, depending upon the RC time con-
stant of the output.
2.2.3 Interferences
No known components of the lower troposphere other than ozone
have been observed to give chemiluminescence with the reactive surface.
2.2.4 Operational Summary
The gas phase chemiluminescent ozone analyzer was installed
in the mobile laboratory and put in an operational mode in approximately
two hours. Initial difficulties were encountered with the dark current of
the photomultiplier and the sensitivity of the detector. After these
problems had been rectified, 30 minutes were required to equilibrate the
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system. A multi-point calibration (zero and three points) was run and
required one hour for completion. The calibration system described in
Section 3.1 was used.
During the three-month evaluation program, the gas phase chemi-
luminescent ozone meter had one failure, resulting from a constriction
in the sample inlet line. This problem has alleviated by moving a teflon
value from the inlet to the outlet side of the detector.
2.2.5 Maintenance
The gas phase chemiluminescent ozone analyzer required
no maintenance during the three-month period of time. Maintenance time,
repair time and miscellaneous downtime accounted for 0.0, 0.3, and 3.4
percent of the total time respectively.
2.2.6 Cost
The estimated cost for a production model of the gas
phase chemiluminescent ozone meter is estimated to be $3500. Cost of
ethylene per week of operation was approximately two dollars.
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2.3 Coulometric Total Oxidant Analyzer
*
2.3.1 Instrument Description
The principle of operation of the mast coulometric
total oxidant analyzer is based on the well-known oxidation-reduction
of potassium iodide contained in the sensing solution. Any oxidant
(0_, PAN, N02, C12) present in the sample air stream and capable of
oxidizing iodide to iodine will produce an instrument response. The
oxidation reaction takes place on the cathode portion of the electrode
support. A thin layer of hydrogen is also produced on the cathode by
a polarization current. When free iodine is liberated by reaction with
oxidants (03, PAN, N02, CIO , it immediately reacts with the hydrogen
layer. Removal of hydrogen from the cathode causes a repolarization
current of two electrons per molecule of ozone entering the sensor and
reacting to flow in an external circuit. The rate of electron flow
(current) is directly proportional to the mass per unit time of ozone
entering the sensor.
2.3.2 Range and Response Characteristics
The range of the coulometric analyzer was adjusted to
0-0.5 ppm full scale via use of a 1250 Si trimmer-resistor. The minimum
detectable concentration for this instrument has been determined to be
0.01 ppm. Lag and response time and total rise time to 95% was deter-
mined to be < 1.0, < 1.0, and < 2.0 minutes, respectively.
2.3.3 Interferences
Any oxidant (PAN, N02, C12, etc.) capable of oxidizing
iodide to iodine can be considered a positive interference in the ozone
measurement, while S02 and other reducing agents contribute a negative
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interference. A "CrO-" scrubber which oxides SO^ to SO,, a species
that does not interfere, was not used in Los Angeles, since low concen-
trations below 25 ppb are normally encountered. This omission is con-
sistent and was the Los Angeles APCD policy. Sulfur dioxide was deter-
mined to be 1:1 interferent with the ozone measurement, while N02 con-
tributed to a 10.3% response. Total oxidants results were corrected for
both S0_ and N0» interference and reported as corrected ozone via this
method.
2.3.4 Operational Summary
Installation of the coulometric of analyzer in the mobile
laboratory required 45 minutes of time. Approximately one hour was
required for equilibration of the system. A dynamic multi-point cali-
bration (zero and three points) was run using an ultra-violet ozone
generator described in Section 3.1. One hour of time was required to
perform this calibration. In all, three hours of time were required to
set-up, equilibrate, calibrate, and bring the coulometric analyzer on line.
During the three-month evaluation program, the coulometric analyzer
had one failure period, resulting from particulate matter being deposited
on the sensing electrode. This instrument was replaced and this analyzer
performed well throughout the duration of the measurement program. A
bi-weekly multi-point calibration curve was determined to be adequate for
this system.
2.3.5 Maintenance
The coulometric analyzer required no maintenance during the
evaluation program, other than addition of reagent and emptying waste every
three days. Maintenance time, repair time, and miscellaneous downtime
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accounted for 0, 1.1, and 3.4 percent of the total time, respectively.
Reagent preparation required approximately 15 minutes per month.
2.3.6 Cost
The initial cost of the coulometric analyzer excluding
a recorder was approximately $950. Cost of reagents per week of
operation was estimated to be $0.25.
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2.4 Colorimetric Total Oxidant Analyzer
2.4.1 Instrument Description
Channel #5 of the Technicon CSM-6 Air Monitor (equivalent
to Technicon Monitor IIA) was set-up to monitor total oxidants using
10% neutral-buffered potassium iodide (KI) reagents. Ten percent KI
reagent was substituted for 1% KI to conform to the State of California
standard method. The principle of operation is based on the oxidation
of iodide to iodine by ozone and other oxidants (i.e. N02, PAN, C12).
The iodine liberated is a measure of the total oxidant concentration
and is analyzed colorimetrically at 352 my.
2.4.2 Range and Response Characteristics
The dynamic range of the colorimetric total oxidant
analyzer was set to 0-0.5 ppm for the Los Angeles phase of the instrument
evaluation program. The minimum detectable concentration has been deter-
mined to be 0.01 ppm. Lag time, response time, and total rise time to 95%
were 15.0, 9.0 and 24.0 minutes, respectively.
2.4.3 Interferences
Oxidants other than ozone (i.e. PAN, NO,, C12, etc.) and
reducing agents (S0», etc.) interfere with the ozone measurement by the
colorimetric technique. A "CrO~" scrubber which oxidizes S02 to species
that do not interfere (i.e. SO,), was not used with this analyzer in
Los Angeles, since S09 concentrations below 0.02 ppm are normally encoun-
tered. This omission is consistent with Los Angeles APCD policy. Sulfur
dioxide interference with the ozone measurement was determined to be 1:1,
while N02 contributed a 33% positive interference when 10% KI reagent was
used. Total oxidant measurements were corrected for both 862 and N02
interference and reported a corrected ozone via this method.
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2.4.4 Operational Summary
•
The colorimetric analyzer was set-up and put into an
operational mode in one hour. Time required for equilibration (or
warm-up) of the system was approximately one hour. A multi-point
calibration (zero and three points) was run using the calibration
system described in Section 3.1, and required 2.5 hours. Total time
required to set-up, equilibrate, calibrate, and bring the colorimetric
system on line was 4.5 hours.
During the three-month field evaluation program, the colorimetric
analyzer had five failures, resulting from failure of log-amplifier
card, crystallization of reagent at air inlet to absorbing column,
and pump tube failure. Considerable time was expended when calibrating
this instrument due to its long lag and response time. Bi-weekly multi-
point calibrations and daily zero adjustments were required for this
analyzer.
2.4.5 Maintenance
Considerable time was expended to maintain the colorimetric
analyzer. Maintenance, awaiting maintenance, repair, and miscellaneous
downtime accounted for 1.0, 3.5, 1.2, and 6.2 percent, respectively, of
the total time available for monitoring. Pump tubes were replaced every
three weeks and the system flushed with distilled water once a week.
2.4.6 Cost
The initial cost of Channel #5 of the Technicon CSM-6,
including the recorder was approximately $4500. Cost of reagents per week
of operation amounted to $8.
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2.5 Colorimetric S02 Analyzer
2.5.1 Instrument Description
Channel #1 of a Technicon CSM-6 Air Monitor was used
to measure S0_ in ambient air during this evaluation. The principle
of operation of this continuous wet-chemical monitoring system is
based on a modification of the West-Gaeke method. Sulfur dioxide is
absorbed in sodium tetrachloro-mercurate forming a nonvolatile
dichlorosulfitometcurate complex, which when reaction with formaldehyde
and p-rosaniline, forms red-purple p-rosaline methyl-sulfonic acid.
The amount of color developed is directly proportional to the concen-
tration of SCL in the sample air and is measured automatically in a
colorimeter at 560 my.
2.5.2 Range and Response Characteristics
A range of 0-0.1 ppm SO. was selected for the Los Angeles
phase of this evaluation. The minimum detectable concentration was
determined to be 0.01 ppm. Lag and response time and total rise time
to 95% was determined to be 25.0, 9.0, and 34.0 minutes, respectively.
2.5.3 Interferences
Chlorine, ozone, and nitrogen dioxide can interfere with
the colorimetric measurement for SO,- when concentrations equal to or
greater than the S09 concentration are encountered. In Los Angeles, the
average ozone concentration during daylight hours for the 83-day period
was 3 times that of the S02 concentration. Sulfamic acid is added to
the reagent system to eliminate NO- interference [6].
2.5.4 Operational Summary
Installation of the colorimetric analyzer required 60
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minutes. Another hour was required for equilibration of the system.
A multipoint calibration (zero and three points) was run using zero air
and SO. air mixtures. Three hours and 45 minutes were required to
complete the initial calibration. Approximately six hours of time were
required to install, calibrate and bring this instrument on line.
During the three-month field evaluation program, the colorimetric
system had two failure periods; one resulting from a log-amplifier
failure. The optimum calibration schedule arrived at during this study
was a zero point correction daily to correct for and minimize zero
drift and a biweekly multi-point calibration. Considerable time was
expended performing these calibrations because of the long lag and res-
ponse time.
2.5.5 Maintenance
The colorimetric analyzer required considerable main-
tenance and repairs. Maintenance time, awaiting maintenance time,
repair time, and miscellaneous downtime accounted for 3.1, 1.9, 4.5,
and 12.1 percent, respectively of the total time available for moni-
toring during the 83 days. Reagent preparation required approximately
30 minutes per week. Pump tubes were replaced every three weeks and
required approximately one hour of time. An additional multi-point
calibration was then necessary.
2.5.6 Cost
The initial cost of Channel #1 of the CSM-6 Air Monitor
was $4,500 including the recorder. Cost of reagents per week of oper-
ation was approximately $5.
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2.6 Flame Photometric SO- Analyzer
2.6.1 Instrument Description
The Melpar S0_ Analyzer used in this study utilizes the
flame photometric detection principle previously described in the
literature by Crider [7] and Brody and Chaney [8]. A sample of air
is burned in a hydrogen-rich flame converting all volatile sulfur
compounds to diatomic sulfur, which is raised to an excited state as it
rises in the flame. The resultant release of light energy when the
species returns to ground-state sulfur is observed via a photomultiplier
tube. A narrow band-pass interference filter and a geometric arrangement
that optically shields the photomultiplier tube from the flame is used
to selectively look at the luminescent emission of sulfur at 394 my.
The response of the detector is directly proportional to the concentration
of sulfur entering the detector per unit time.
2.6.2 Range and Response Characteristics
Although the response characteristics of the flame photo-
metric analyzer and its application to the continuous measurement of S09
in ambient air have been reported by Stevens, et al. [9], the response
determined for the analyzer used in this study will be described. The
flame photometric SO- analyzer has an effective range of from 0.01 ppm
to 10 ppm with a minimum detectable concentration of approximately
0.005 ppm. The detector response, however, deviates from a straight
line relation (log-log scale) above 1 ppm. The lag and response time,
and total time for response to 95 percent were determined to be < 0.5,
< 2.5, and < 3.0 minutes, respectively.
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2.6.3 Interferences
The flame photometric detector literally responds to
all volatile sulfur compounds. Therefore, sulfur containing compounds
such as hydrogen sulfide, carbon disulfide, methyl mercaptan and lower
members of the mercaptan series of compounds, if present in the air
sample would constitute a positive interference to the SC^ measurement.
Response of the flame photometric detector to these interferences is
well documented by Stevens, et al. [9],
2.6.4 Operational Summary
Installation of the flame photometric analyzer in the
mobile van required approximately 60 minutes of time. Hydrogen gas and
a pump were the only accessories required for operation, excluding
the recorder. Approximately 60 minutes of time were required for
the instrument to stabilize or warm-up. Minor difficulties were
encountered with an electrical component which had jarred loose. After
appropriate repair had been made and the system allowed to equilibrate,
a multi-point calibration curve (zero and three points) was run using
the S02 calibration system described in Section 3.2. One hour and 10
minutes were required to complete the multi-point calibration. Thus, a
minimum of three hours is required to install, equilibrate, and calibrate
the flame photometric detector.
During the three-month field evaluation program, the flame photo-
metric analyzer had one failure period caused by a defective pump. Cali-
bration of the flame photometric analyzer was initially run on a weekly
basis with daily span checks. This operation procedure with a daily
one point calibration, proved to be unreliable and coupled with similar
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procedures for other instruments added an undue strain on the operator.
Biweekly calibrations were then run throughout the duration of the study.
2.6.5 Maintenance
A minimum amount of time was required to maintain the flame
photometric analyzer. Twice during the three months period hydrogen
cylinders had to be replaced. Maintenance, repairs, and miscellaneous
downtime accounted for only 3.12% of the 90-day field measurement program.
2.6.6 Cost
Initial cost of the flame photometric SO. analyzer is
approximately $3,750, excluding the cost of a recorder. The total cost
for operation of this system was $4 per week of operation for the duration
of the 90-day program. Maintenance costs were minimal, since no replace-
ment parts were needed and the lone failure was due to a failure in an
external vacuum pump.
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2.7 Coulometric SO. Analyzer
• ^
2.7.1 Instrument Description
The principle of operation of the Philips coulometric
SO. analyzer is based on the stoichiometric reaction of S02 with bromine
in a titration cell. A redox-potential (originating from Br2> is estab-
lished between two electrodes and compared to a reference voltage. Sul-
fur dioxide scrubbed from the sample air stream reduces the bromine to
bromide lowering the Br. concentration and the potential of the cell.
The current required to re-establish the original redox-potential of the
Br. cell is then directly proportional to the concentration of S02 in the
sampled air stream. Provisions are included for instrument zero and a
one-point dynamic calibration using a sphere of SO. and a permeable
orifice.
2.7.2 Range and Response Characteristics
The dynamic full-scale range of this analyzer as supplied
by the manufacturer is 0 to 1 ppm. No attempt was made to alter this
range for this study. The minimum detectable concentration was determined
to be 0.010 ppm. Lag and response time, and total time to 95% response
were determined to be < 2.0, < 1.0, and < 3.0 minutes, respectively.
2.7.3 Interferences
Dust, hydrogen sulfide, chlorine, ozone, nitrogen dioxide,
and mercaptans have been reported to interfere with the coulometric
measurement for S02< Provisions are made to remove the above interferences
in the Philips system. Dust is removed via a heated filter which also pre-
vents condensation. A second filter containing a heated silver wire is
used to convert interfering gas (I^S, C12, 03> to species which do not
contribute to instrument response. A 1 ppm concentration of hydrogen
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sulfide produced no instrument response.
2.7.4 Operational Summary
Installation of the coulometric analyzer required
approximately 30 minutes of time. The only accessory required by this
instrument was a strip-chart recorder. All other components were self-
contained. Thirty minutes of time were required for the coulometric
instrument to equilibrate. A multi-point calibration (zero and three
points) was run using the S0_ permeation tube system described in
Section 3.2. One hour and 10 minutes were required to complete this
initial calibration. At least two hours of time are required to install,
calibrate and bring this instrument on line.
During the three-month field evaluation program, the coulometric
analyzer had one failure period which resulted from a blown fuse. At
times undue noise was detected on the recorder output. This was attri-
buted to a faulty electrode which was repaired. Weekly calibrations
with daily span checks were initially run; however, these procedures
were modified to biweekly multi-point calibrations.
2.7.5 Maintenance
The coulometric analyzer required no maintenance during
the 90-day field evaluation program. Repair time and miscellaneous
downtime accounted for 0.04 and 7.7 percent, respectively, of the total
time available for monitoring.
2.7.6 Cost
The initial cost of the coulometric analyzer, excluding
recorder, is $5,250. Cost of operation per week was negligible, since
no reagents or external accessories are required.
-------
2.8 Conductlmetric SO, Analyzer
* *•
2.8.1 Instrument Description
The principle of operation of the Leeds & Northrup,
Model 7860 aeroscan air quality monitor, is based on the conductivity
of the absorbing reagent after air containing S02 and/or other soluble
electrolyte-forming gases or solids is passed through the contact
column. Sulfur dioxide in ambient air reacts with the acidified hydro-
gen peroxide reagent forming sulfuric acid. Two conductivity cells are
employed to measure the electrolytic conductivity of the reagent before
and after it absorbs S0~. The difference in measured conductivity is
related to the concentration of S0~ in the air sample.
2.8.2 Range and Response Characteristics
The range of this conductivity analyzer as supplied by
the manufacturer is 0 to 1 ppm full scale. For this study the range was
modified so that full scale was 0 to 0.1 ppm, the minimum detectable
concentration for this analyzer was determined to be approximately
0.02 ppm. Lag and response time and total time to 95% for this analyzer
were determined to be 1.0, 5.0, and 6.0 minutes, respectively.
2.8.3 Interferences
Conductivity analyzers respond to any soluble electrolyte-
forming gases or solids. Ammonia, chlorine, nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen
chloride, and other gases interfere with conductivity-type measurements
for S02. The magnitude of these interferences has been reported by Rodes,
et al. [1]. Nitrogen dioxide and hydrogen sulfide interference tests
were, however, performed on the conductivity analyzer used in this
-------
evaluation prior to going to the field. Nitrogen dioxide interference
was determined to be 10.6%. Hydrogen sulfide concentrations up to
1 ppm produced no instrumental response.
2.8.4 Operational Summary
Installation of the conductivity analyzer in the mobile
van required approximately 90 minutes. Two and one-half hours were
required for the instrument to stabilize and level out on zero air.
A multi-point calibration (zero and three points) was run using the S02
calibration system described in Section 3.2. One hour and 15 minutes
were required to complete this calibration. A minimum of 5.5 hours of
time were required to set-up, equilibrate, calibrate, and bring this
analyzer on-line.
During the three-month field evaluation period, the conductivity
analyzer had two failures, both due to the reagent pump losing its
prime. During the initial phases of the study, weekly multi-point
calibration with daily span checks were run. These procedures were
modified to include biweekly multi-point calibrations.
2.8.5 Maintenance
A minimum amount of time was required for maintenance
of the conductivity analyzer. Maintenance, repairs and miscellaneous
downtime accounted for only 5.2% of the 90-day field measurement pro-
gram. Reagent preparation time amounted to approximately 15 minutes
per week.
2.8.6 Cost
The initial cost of the conductivity analyzer excluding
the recorder is $2,670. The total cost for operation of the system
and reagent preparation per week was negligible.
-------
2.9 Flame Photometric-Gas Chromatographic HgS and S02 Analyzer
2.9.1 'Instrument Description
An automated GC-FPD S02 analyzer developed by APCO and
described by Stevens, et al. [9], was also used to monitor H2S
and S09 during this evaluation. Sulfur containing gases are separated
in a 34 ft gas Chromatographic column (0.085 in.-id FEP Teflon tubing)
packed with 40-60 mesh teflon and coated with polyphenyl ether and
quantitatively determined using a flame photometric detector equipped
with a 394 nra optical filter. Low ppb levels of H2S, S02> CH3SH, and
CLH-SH in ambient air can be quantitatively separated and measured. A
typical chromatogram of a mixture of the four previously mentioned
sulfur compounds requires about five minutes. The entire procedure is
completely automated. During the latter six weeks of the study, a GC-FPD
S02 analyzer built for APCO by Tracor was substituted for the instrument
built by APCO.
2.9.2 Range and Response Characteristics
The range of the GC-FPD analyzer was initially set to
0 to 0.1 ppm full scale. Sensitivities for H_S and S02 of approximately
.002 ppm are attainable [10]. Total time required to complete the
analysis for H2S and S02 was determined to be 3.0 minutes. Since Chro-
matographic outputs are displayed, response time is not applicable.
2.9.3 Interference
Since a Chromatographic column is used to quantitatively
separate sulfur-containing compounds (i.e., H2S, S02, and CHLSH) and of
30,000 to 1 specificity ratio of sulfur to non-sulfur compounds is
achieved by the detector, the GC-FPD measurement for H2S, S02, and CH3SH
is specific.
-------
2.9.4 Operational Summary
Installation of the GC-FPD analyzer in the mobile van
required two hours of time. Hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and compressed
air lines had to be installed. Approximately eight hours were required
for equilibration or stabilization of the unit. A multi-point calibration
(zero and three points) was run using the H2S and S02 calibration system
described in Section 3.2 and 3.4. One hour and 30 minutes were required
to complete the calibration. Approximately twelve hours were needed to
install, equilibrate, calibration and bring the GC-FPD analyzer on-line.
During the three-month field evaluation program, no instrument
failures were noted for the GC-FPD analyzer. Biweekly calibrations were
performed for this analyzer during the study.
2.9.5 Maintenance
A minimum amount of maintenance was required to maintain
the GC-FPD analyzer. Replacement gas cylinders had to be changed on a
monthly basis. Maintenance time amount to 0.09% of the total time. No
repairs were required and miscellaneous downtime amounted to 4.1%.
2.9.6 Cost
Initial cost of the GC-FPD analyzer was approximately
$12,000, however, three parameters (H_S, SO^, CH^SH) can be monitored.
Thus, the cost per parameter was $4,000, excluding the recorder. Cost of
gases (H?, N2, 0™, air) for operation of the analyzer amounted to $4 per
week.
-------
2.10 Colorimetric Hydrogen Sulfide Analyzer
2.10.1 Instrument Description
Channel #6 of the Technicon CSM-6 Air Monitor (equi-
valent to Technicon IIA Monitor) was used to monitor hydrogen sulfide
(H2S) in ambient air. In this automated continuous monitoring system,
H9S in ambient air is determined as methylene blue [11 ]. Hydrogen
sulfide is absorbed in an alkaline suspension of cadmium hydroxide.
An aliquot of the absorbed sulfide sample from the absorption column
is fed to the analytical system where it is reacted with para-amino-
dimethylaniline and ferric chloride to yield methylene blue which is
measured colorimetrically at 660 my.
2.10.2 Range and Response Characteristics
The dynamic range of this colorimetric analyzer is
0-0.2 ppm and the analytical system has a reported minimum detectable
concentration of 0.002 ppb. For this phase of the evaluation, H_S
instrumentation was given third priority behind S02 and 0, instrumen-
tation. Response characteristics were not determined as with other
systems due to the limited time available for such tests in the field.
The response values reported here are those claimed by the manufacturer.
Lag time, response time, and total rise time to 95% are 21.0, 14.0, and
35.0 minutes, respectively.
2.10.3 Interferences
The methylene blue reaction is highly specific for sul-
fide at the low concentrations usually encountered in ambient air. Strong
reducing agents (e.g., S02) inhibit color development. No interference
is encountered from N02 at concentrations less than 0.3 ppm. Ozone at
-------
.057 ppm reduces the recovery of sulfide previously precipitated as CdS
by approximately 15%.
2.10.4 Operational Summary
The colorimetric analyzer required one hour for installa-
tion in the mobile laboratory. Approximately one hour was required to
equilibrate or stabilize the system. A multi-point calibration (zero
and three points) was performed using the permeation tube system des-
cribed in Section 3.4. Three hours of time were required to complete
this calibration. Total time required to install, equilibrate, calibrate
and bring this analyzer on-line was five hours.
The colorimetric analyzer was brought on-line approximately four
weeks after the measurement program had begun. During the remaining two
months, the colorimetric analyzer had two failure periods, resulting from
bad reagents supplied by Technicon and a logarithmetic amplifier failure.
Considerable time was required to calibrate the colorimetric analyzer due
to the instrument's long lag and response time. Biweekly calibrations
with daily zero adjustments were required to obtain valid data.
2.10.5 Maintenance
Maintenance, awaiting maintenance, repair, and miscellaneous
downtime accounted for 9.4, 0.4, 1.3, and 39.7 percent, respectively, of
the total time available for monitoring. Less than 50% valid data were
obtained during this field program with the colorimetric analyzer.
2.10.6 Cost
The initial cost of Channel #6 of the Technicon CSM-6 Air
Monitor including the recorder was approximately $4,500. Cost of reagents
per week of operation was $8.05.
-------
2.11 Colorimetrlc Nitrogen Dioxide Analyzer
•
2.11.1 Instrument Description
Channel #2 of the Technicon CSM-6 Air Monitor (equi-
valent to Technicon Monitor IIA) was set-up to monitor N02 in ambient
air. The principle of operation of the colorimetric analyzer is based
on the Lyschkow modification [12], of the Saltzman method [13]. Nitrogen
dioxide in the sample air stream diazotizes sulfanilamide in an acid
medium and is reacted with N-l(Naphthyl)-ethylene-diamine-dihydrochloride,
a coupling agent, to produce a pink-colored azo-dye which is measured
colorimetrically at 560 my. The absorbance of the azo-dye in the absor-
bing reagent is directly proportional to the concentration of NOg in the
air sample.
2.11.2 Range and Response Characteristics
The dynamic range of this colorimetric N02 analyzer was
set to 0-0.5 ppm for this phase of the evaluation program. The minimum
detectable concentration for the analyzer was determined to be 0.013 ppm.
Lag time, response time, and total rise time to 95% were 20.0, 18.0 and
38.0 minutes, respectively.
2.11.3 Interferences
Interferences from nitrogen oxides and other gases that
might be found in polluted air with the exception of high concentrations
of 03 and S02 have been reported to be negligible.
2.11.4 Operational Summary
The colorimetric analyzer was set-up and put into an
operational mode in 1.5 hours. Equilibration or warm-up time for the
analyzer was approximately 1.0 hours. A multi-point calibration (zero and
-------
three points) was performed and required 3.0 hours to complete. Total
time required to set-up, equilibrate, calibrate, and bring this instru-
ment on line was 5.5 hours.
During the three-month field evaluation program, the colorimetric
analyzer had two failure periods, resulting from collection of precipitate
(azo dye) on the glass beads and subsequent entrainment of solid particles
throughout the sample transmission tubing. Considerable time was required
when calibrating due to the instruments' long lag and response time. Bi-
weekly calibrations with daily zero adjustments were required to obtain
valid data.
2.11.5 Maintenance
Considerable time was required to maintain the colorimetric
NO „ analyzer. Maintenance, awaiting maintenance, repair, and miscellan-
eous downtime accounted for 2.8, 2.1, 5.5, and 7.6 percent, respectively,
of the total time available for monitoring. Pump tubes were replaced
every three weeks. The entire plumbing system had to be flushed with
2N HC1 followed by distilled water on a weekly basis to remove particulates
and prevent film buildup on the flow cell.
2.11.6 Cost
The initial cost of Channel #2 of the Technicon CSM-6,
Air Monitor including the recorder was approximately $4,500. Cost of
reagents per week of operation was $8.
-------
3.0 CALIBRATION AND AMBIENT AIR SAMPLING SYSTEMS
3.1 Ozone* Calibration
A dynamic calibration system using an ultraviolet ozone
generator described by Hodgeson et al. [14] was used to calibrate the
total oxidant (0 ) and ozone (0,) monitors. Briefly, the ozone
A "^
source consists of an 8-inch ultra-violet mercury lamp which irradiates
a 5/8" quartz tube through which clean (compressed) air flows at
5 liters/minute. Ozone concentrations from 0 to approximately 1 ppm
were generated by removing the shield thus exposing the lamp. Although
the UV 0- generator has been shown to be quite stable and reproducible,
the neutral-buffered KI technique was used as a reference method [13].
A permanent calibration set-up consisting of a zero air source,
calibrated rotameter, UV generator and a glass manifold of sufficient
length to provide calibration mixtures of ozone to each instrument was
installed behind the ozone monitors (Figure 3.1). Six ball and socket
sampling ports were located along the manifold allow easy hook-up
of the instrument sample inlet lines during calibration. All 0 and 0_
X j
monitors were calibrated simultaneously and referenced back to the
manual KI method.
3.2 Sulfur Dioxide Calibration
A dynamic calibration system using a gravlmetrically cali-
brated S02 permeation tube [15,16] as a primary standard and zero air as
diluent was used to provide known concentrations of SO- to the respective
analyzers. Figure 3.2 shows the permeation tube calibration system used
for this investigation. The permeation tube was housed in a pyrex glass
holder and immersed in a constant temperature bath which maintained the
tube at a temperature of 20.3°C + 0.1°C.
-------
5/8"
Ozone Quartz
Generator Tube
Manifold
Penray
Mercury Vapor
Lamp
Compressed
Air
Figure 3.1 Ozone Calibration System
-------
NST ANT-TEMPERATURE
WATER BATH
THERMISTOR TEMPERATURE MONITOR
Figure 3.2. Permeation Tube Calibration System
-------
Dry, compressed air, conditioned to the temperature of the bath
and metered through a rotameter was passed over the permeation tube
and into a 1" O.D. glass manifold which was installed behind the SO-
analyzers. Ball and socket connections were used to allow easy hook-up
of the instrument sample inlet lines to the manifold during calibration.
By varying the diluent air flow rate, S02 concentrations of 0 to 0.2 ppm
were generated and simultaneously supplied to all the SO- monitors during
calibration. An excess of calibration air over and above the instrument's
requirements was maintained at all times. The permeation tube used
during this field evaluation program was calibrated by the National
Bureau of Standards.
3.3 Nitrogen Dioxide Calibration
A dynamic calibration system identical to the one described in
3.2 (Figure 3.1) was used with a N02 permeation tube to provide known con-
centrations of NO- to the colorimetric analyzer. The permeation tube was
prepared as described by O'Keeffe and Ortman and calibrated gravimetri-
cally at 20.3°C [15]. Concentrations from 0 to 0.5 ppm N02 were generated
and supplied to the NO- analyzer via a short manifold. The output of the
NO., permeation tube was determined by weight loss and verified once by the
manual Saltzman method [13]. A decrease in permeation rate occurred with time.
3.4 Hydrogen Sulfide Calibration
A dynamic calibration system identical to the one described in 3.2
(Figure 3.1), was used with a gravimetrically calibrated I^S permeation
tube to provide simultaneous concentrations of H^S to the GC-FPD and
colorimetric analyzers. Concentrations from 0 to 0.2 ppm H2S were
generated and supplied to the analyzers via a short manifold.
-------
3.5 Ambient Air Sampling System
The mobile van was parked adjacent to the Los Angeles County
Air Pollution Control District Headquarters Building at 434 S. San
Pedro Street, Los Angeles, California. In order to avoid influence
of eddy currents and street pollution, the sample inlet was located
on top of the APCD Building. A 1" I.D. TFE Teflon tube 80 feet in
length extended from the sample holder located on the meteorological
tower to the trailer where it connected to a 1" O.D. pyrex glass
manifold which extended behind the air monitoring systems. This
arrangement is shown in Figure 3.3. A glass flower pot protected the
sample inlet and prevented moisture and settleable particulates from
entering the sample line. Sample air was aspirated via a blower through
the teflon inlet line and glass manifold at a rate of 3 CFM. Sampling
ports made of 12/5 ball and socket joints were used for easy hook-up
of instrument sample inlet lines.
-------
WIND SYSTEM.
EXHAUST
«•-=
NALYZER DESIGNATION . 1
SAMPLE INLET^^^,
)TP puui pfiu PCUC /n ?n*» ufin u«c\ ^^*-«j
i tunnii^uri woNio \\j* vU/i nu/i n/oj / \
) MAST ' Ox CLIMET— *-CT= i
TEMPERATURE
) REGENER 03 ASPIRATOR
) NEDERBRAGT 03
) LEEDS & NORTH RUP S02 1-in.- .0. TFE-*.
) PHILIPS S02 TEFLON TUBE
) MELOY S02 SIGNAL CABLE—,,.
) TRACORGC-FPD S02
SIGNAL
LINEV AIR SAMPLE MANIFOLD
^-Tb ^C" ^ - ••
AIRr — —L. -^ \\* ftv; 'f"" '1
BLOWER II \ - • -«*
ACQUISITION (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
SYSTEM L i ' 'i ' — i _ ' i — ' — i
1 1 - ii
J£> \— ^/
MOBILE VAN
y
r ^ SOLAR '
RADIOMETER
s
1(
1 1 1 1 1 1
• * 1 * 1 * 1 * 1 * 1 1
1 ' 1 ' 1 ' 1 ' 1 ' 1
L.'A.C'.A.P.C.'D. he
HEADQUARTERSZC
: BUILDING ZE
irJ=C3::rn::9t
i ' i ' i ' i ' i ' i
i i
i J i ' i ' i ' i ' i
i i
i i
i i i
i i i i
«
T
-7—
zn
i|
n:
t I
-h
^
-h
Figure 3.3 Diagram of Air Sampling System and Sulfur Dioxide and
Ozone Monitors in Mobile Laboratory
-------
4.0 METEOROLOGICAL SENSORS
The following meteorological parameters were monitored throughout
the duration of "the field evaluation program: wind speed and direction,
ambient air temperature, relative humidity and solar radiation. Sensors
for monitoring these parameters were mounted on a small tower which was
anchored to a platform. The tower as assembled for check out is shown
in Figure 4.1. This tower and associated sensors were mounted on top of
the Los Angeles County Air Pollution Control District Building on the
side adjacent to the mobile laboratory.
Calibration of the individual sensors was performed just prior to
the start of the data sampling period. Periodic measurements were made
to verify the proper operation of the sensors. The transfer function
for each sensor is given in the respective sections.
4.1 Air Temperature
The air temperature sensor used in this investigation consists
of a pair of thermistors connected in a bridge circuit. Incorporated in
the thermistor legs of the bridge circuit is a linearizing network; the
bridge output voltage is then a linear function of temperature. The time
constant of the sensor element is approximately 10 seconds in free still
air. The sensor was mounted in a Climet Aspirated Shield which has an
3
aspiration rate of 16 ft /minute. The sensor was calibrated in a water
bath against a quartz temperature sensor accurate to + 0.02°C. The
transfer function for ambient temperature is :
° i
Ambient Temperature (C) = 0.4 e
where eQ is the bridge voltage correction given by
811(1 V *T>b are the measured output voltage and bridge voltage,
respectively; eQ is in mV, and Efab is in volts.
-------
Wind Speed &
Direction Sensors
Air Sampling
Tube Bracket
Dewpoint Sensor
Bracket
Solar radiation
Sensor
Air Temperature
Sensor
Figure 4.1 Meteorological Sensor Tower
-------
4.2 Solar Radiation
A Kipp & Zonen Solarimeter, Type CM/3 was used to measure
the total solar radiation (direct and diffuse) . The sensor output is
proportional to the incident radiation. The original calibration
equation provided by the manufacturer (1 Langley = 8.8 mV) for the
sensor was used to establish the transfer function:
Solar Radiation (Langley) - 0.1147 eQk
where k is the correction for loading
e. is the measured output signal in mV.
The response time for the sensor is on the order of 3 seconds.
4.3 Relative Humidity
Relative humidity measurements were made continuously with
a dewpoint sensor and checked periodically with a sling psychrometer .
The sensor consists of a lithium chloride impregnated wick and a heater
element which keeps the unit at an equilibrium which is related to the
dewpoint temperature. The accuracy of the element is on the order of
+ 0.5°C and it has a response time on the order of l°C/minute. The
particular sensor used was a Foxboro Dewcell utilizing a Type 2711 AG
element. The unit was calibrated in a water bath using the same system
as for the air temperature calibration. The transfer function is:
Dewpoint Temperature (C°) = 2.27 e_ -10,
' 0.6437
G0 = ~E^~ V and
eO and Ebb' are the measured output voltage and bridge voltage, respec-
tively; eQ is in mV, and E is in volts.
-------
4.4 Wind Speed and Direction
Wind speed and direction were measured continuously with a
modified Bendix Aerovane. The synchro receiver for the wind direction
sensor mechanically drives a linear potentiometer which is adjusted
for the output voltage and direction to have the following relationship:
Wind direction (deg) = 393 eQ + 6,
where e_ is the measured output voltage in volts.
The wind speed sensor drives the recommended load resistance and the
output voltage is related to wind speed as follows:
Wind Speed (knots) = 100 eQ,
where e. is the measured output voltage in volts.
The wind direction and wind speed sensors have accuracies on the order
of + 0.1° mph and + 3°, respectively, with a starting threshold of
approximately 0.75 mph. Since wind speed and direction are subject to
relatively rapid variations, it was necessary to average or smooth the
respective output signals with simple RC filters. The resulting response
times were on the order of T = 3 minutes where T represents one time
constant.
-------
5.0 DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM
5.1 General System Description
The basic purpose of the data acquisition system is to auto-
matically acquire and record in digital form the output signals derived
from the air monitoring instruments, etc. The data acquisition
system consists basically of the signal conditioning circuitry; on-line
digital and analog recording systems and power supply units. The
off-line data processing is an important consideration in nearly all
aspects of the design of the data acquisition system.
A block diagram illustrating the functional relationships between
the various sub-systems which comprise the data acquisition system is
shown in Figure 5.1; a photograph of the data acquisition system is given
in Figure 5.2. The output signal from each of the gas and meteorological
sensors is fed into the sensor coupler. All signal cables are connected
to this unit by means of standard cable connectors which are mounted
on a junction box, which allows for ease in installation and checkout,
and versatility in modification of the system. The data is sampled
in sequence once every 5 minutes and requires approximately 12 seconds
for a complete scan. This includes all of the chemical, meteorological
and manual data entries as shown in Table 5.1. All of the signals are
accessible at the patch panel for test and monitoring purposes, except
for the manual data entries and the test voltages in channels 16 thru
20.
-------
10
DATA SOURCES
&
STATUS INFORMATION
GAS
SENSORS
METEOROLOGICAL
SENSORS
MANUAL
DATA
ENTRY
CONTROL
SENSOR
COUPLER
JL
SCANNER
A/D
CONVERTER
DATA
STORAGE
DIGITAL
INCREMENTAL
MAGNETIC
TAPE
RECORDER
DIGITAL
PRINTER
ANALOG
RECORDER
~>
OFF-LINE
DATA
PROCESSING
-*- ANALOG SIGNALS
^ DIGITAL SIGNALS
-------
Digital
Clock
A/D
Converter
Scanner —
Tape Format
Control
Magnetic
Tape Unit
-AC Power Monitor
Manual Data Entry
Unit
}—Signal Conditioner
Unit
!—DC Power Supplies
Battery-Back-up
Unit
Figure 5.2 Data Acquisition System
-------
TABLE 5.1
SAMPLING SEQUENCE
_!_. Sensor State
2. Spare
_3. Spare
4_. Spare
25. Melpar SC
26. GC-H2S
27. GC-S02
28. Spare #3
11
5. Measure-Chem. 0,
6. Calibrate-Chem. 0- |j[|
7. Purge-Chem. 0_
8. Ambient Temp. |4j
9. (Temp. Spare)
10. Arab. Temp. Bridge Volt
11. Wind Speed |T|
12. Wind Direction |J]
13. Solar-radiation |_3_|
14. Dew Point \J]
15. Dew Point Bridge Volt
16. * + 15 V
17. * - 15 V
18. * - 0.25 V (+ 5 mV)
19. * + 0.75 V (+ 10 mV)
20. * Short - 0 Volt
21. Technicon S02
22. Technicon N02
23. Technicon Total 0
x
24. Technicon H0S
29. L & N-SO,
10
'2 i^-l
30. Spare (L & N)
31. Philips-S02 —|12|
32. Mast-O,
33. Kruger-03
34. Kruger-Measurement Mode
35. Gas Phase 03— |7|
36. Technicon Spare
37- Technicon NO
x
38. Spare-(Wind Speed)
39. Spare-(Wind Direction)
|_l| - |jjj - amplified recorder outputs
|7|-|l2|- direct recorder output
* - Digital Only
( ) - Analog Only
_ - Manual Data Entry
-------
(Sampling Sequence - Continued)
40. L & N-SO- Operational Mode
41. Technicon-S02 " "
42. Melpar-S02 " "
43. Philips-S02 " "
44. GC-S02/H2S
45. Technicon-TO " "
46. Kruger-0_ "
47_. Gas Phase-03 " "
48. RTI-0, " "
T1T J
49. Mast-03 " "
50. Technicon-N02 " "
51. Technicon-H_S " "
~~ /
52^. (Not Used)
53-65 Spare Channels
-------
5.2 Signal Conditioning
The signal conditioning unit houses the necessary bridge
circuits, scaling networks, bias voltages, etc., which are utilized
in converting or modifying the sensor output signal to a form or
level more suitable for recording. Up or down scaling of the signals
is sometimes required in order to match the input signal requirements
of the analog recorders. In addition, filter networks are incor-
porated where it is necessary to smooth the signal in order to obtain
sampled data that is representative of the preceding sampling interval.
A plug-in card is provided for each signal or data channel in which
the scaling and filtering networks are incorporated. There are two
signal outputs for each channel; one is tied into the digital recording
system and the other into the analog-monitoring or recording system
through a front panel located patch panel. Isolation is provided
between each of the outputs so that on-line tests may be made without
disturbing the digital system signals.
Some test voltages are included for checking the digital recording
system as well as monitoring the status of the + 15 vdc power supplies.
The - 0.25 V and + 0.75 V signals are derived from the respective
+ 15 vdc supplies, and they provide a means for checking the system at
voltages less than + 1 V. A zero value is also provided by shorting out
the respective channel in the digital system scanner.
The system is so designed that channels may be added or deleted
without disturbing the digital recording system. This is done by
providing for spare channels and using one card per data channel so
that these may be removed or replaced as necessary.
-------
5.3 Maniial Data Entry
Manual data such as equipment mode or status information
is introduced into the system via the manual data entry panel. This
unit consists of digital switches which provide different discrete
output voltages for each setting of the switch. By utilizing the
codes indicated in Table 5.2, atatuo or operational mode information
is placed in the respective channels and utilized in the data prp-
cessing phase to indicate the status of the respective sensors for
each scan.
TABLE 5.2
Equipment Status Information
Sensor Mode SW Setting Format Symbol
Measure 0
Calibrate 9 C
Maintenance, Preventive 5 M
Maintenance, Repair 4 R
Off-line (Sensor not 6 X
available)
Power-off (or data acqui- 3 F
sition system inoperative)
Analog Recording Only 7 A
-------
A listing of the standard coding for weather is given in Table 5.3;
although not utilized in the current study, the facility for automated
logging is available.
TABLE 5.3
Weather Coding
Code
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
5.4 Analog Recording
Weather State
Clear
Cloudy
Haze
Fog
Drizzle
Rain, Showers
Rain, Continuous
Thunderstorms
Snow, Continuous
Snow, Showers
Strip chart recorders continuously record the output of each
sensor for purposes of visual monitoring, calibration and back-up data
recording in case of digital system failure. Properly scaled voltages
obtained from the signal conditioning unit are connected to the respective
recorders via the patch panel located on the front of the signal condi-
tioning unit.
The test voltages available at the patch panel, (0, 5 mV, 10 mV) pro-
vide a means for rapid and accurate checking or calibrating of the indivi-
dual recorders. In this system, all the signals routed through the patch
panel were scaled to 10 mV full scale.
-------
5.5 Digital Recording System
•
The digital recording system (DYMEC Model 2015 H) consists
of a scanner which accepts signal inputs from the meteorological and
gas sensors and manual data entries. These analog signals are con-
verted in the analog-to digital (A/D) converter to digital word form.
The output of the A/D converter is a binary coded decimal (BCD) of
the input and is subsequently recorded in IBM compatible format on the
7-track digital incremental magnetic tape recorder. The system is
controlled by the digital clock which also supplies the digital time
code. Each data word consists of channel number, polarity of signal,
six-digit signal value and range. At the start of each scan (initiated
by the digital clock every five minutes) a data word consisting of
day-hour-minute is recorded; then the data channels (1 through 65) are
recorded in order. The total scan time is approximately 12 seconds.
The accuracy of the analog-to-digital conversion is determined,
basically, by the A/D converter, which is on the order of + 0.01% or
better. The A/D converter or digital voltmeter is set for auto-ranging;
the lowest range being + 1.0 V which effectively sets the resolution of
the digital word on the signals less than 1.0 V in magnitude. Since it
converts to a six-digit data word; i.e., for the 1.0 volt range (1.00000)
the smallest change in signal which will produce a change in the digital
data word is 10 yV or 0.00001 V. The effective number of digits in the
digital data word may be seen to be a function of magnitude of the input
signal for all signals less then 1.0 V.
The tape format is set for a 33-Trord record consisting of 12 char-
acters per word; i.e., 3-channel ID, 1-blank, 1-sign, 6-data, 1-range.
-------
This format combined with the 5-minute scan interval and a magnetic
tape packing density of 200 bpi provides for approximately 8.4 days of
recording, which allows for a convenient weekly magnetic tape replace-
ment schedule.
A digital printer (or recorder) is provided as a parallel readout
for monitoring and test purposes. A sample scan is shown in Figure 5.3.
The sampling rate of the system, in this case, is controlled by the
fastest rate of the digital printer. Visual displays are incorporated
in the system for the channel number, value of data, and time code.
5.6 Power Units
The ac line regulator provides voltage regulated power to all
of the digital recording units, sensors and other critical items. As
shown in Figure 5.2, a power panel is utilized to monitor the output
voltage and frequency of the regulated, unregulated and battery back-up
units. In addition, a power off lamp indicates any transient power
interruption.
A battery back-up unit provides continuous uninterrupted power
(for any ac line power interruptions) to the digital recording system.
Thus, in case of power failure or momentary interruption the digital
system remains in an operative state—the power being supplied by a
battery bank during these periods.
DC power (i.e. + 15 V) for various units is provided by the dual
power supplies located in the lower part of the rack.
-------
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Figure 5.3 Sample Digital Printer Output, Single Scan
-------
Daily logs are kept of the power line voltage, frequency and line
current; the battery back-up unit voltage and current, etc. An elapsed
time meter is included in the power panel. In addition, certain test
voltages are sampled each scan and placed on magnetic tape for monitor-
ing of system condition.
The digital clock is synchronized to the 60 Hz line voltage through
the battery back-up unit which, in turn, is synchronized to the 115 V,
60 Hz line during normal conditions. During periods of power interrup-
tion, an internal 60 Hz frequency standard maintains the proper 115 V,
60 Hz power frequency for the digital clock.
-------
6.0 COMPUTER PROCESSING OF FIELD DATA
Field data may be processed by computer either by real time moni-
toring of the instrument output or by the method of temporarily storing
the data on magnetic tape and later processing the tapes. In this
program, data was received weekly from the mobile laboratory in the form
of digital voltages on magnetic tape. Processing this data by computer
is much more complex than processing normal tape-stored data. This diffi-
culty is attested by the relatively rare demonstration of this procedure.
The flow diagram in Figure 6.1 describes the treatment of the data from
the time it is received on magnetic tape reels until it is printed out
in the various useful forms such as hourly averages, 24-hour averages, etc.
The shape of the components in the diagram have some significance. The
circles indicate data stored on magnetic tapes. Rectangles indicate
program operations. Rectangles with clipped edges indicate card input
or output. Parallelograms indicate printed output. Significant details
of the computer program are given in the following paragraphs.
6.1 Raw Voltage Dump
This program prints out voltages by channel at times specified
by the operator. Field data tapes provide the input. The program also
checks instrument mode channels and flags all starting times for calibrating
each instrument. Parity errors are monitored and records with such errors
are deleted.
6.2 Copy
This program copies the output of Program 6.1 after regrouping
the data to insure that each odd record begins with a time channel. Format
is checked to insure that two records have been written for each scan.
-------
' Voltages]
Card
Input
Raw Voltage
Dump
Program 6.1
/Voltages by/
I Channel 7
- *f Printout /
yVolta;
Parity
Errors
Program
6.2
Card
Input
EDIT
Program
6.3
Input
oltag
After
hannel
egrouj
I With Bad
\ Data 1
Card
Input
(Calibrating
5-HLnute
Ln Physica
Units
Printout
Transfer
Equation
Program
Analog Data
Card Input
Analog
Program
6.5
All 5-Min.
Data
Printout
Figure 6.1(a) Data Processing Flow Chart
-------
/ 5-Minute
'Data and
Plots of
Diurnal
Averages
Correction
Program
6.11
' Card
Input
Lag
^ Corr
Pro
6
\
Diurnal
Average
Program
6.10
k ... -
/£S
/Data
Irect
\La
Time
ection
gram
.6
inX
CorV
ed fir
g/
7 Averages /
(•Prlnttnit 1
1 >
/ Hourly
Averages
Output
^
f
Card to
Tape
Program
i
*
/Correlation|
/oefficientfe ,I
/Means, and/
.'Standard Difev.
/Printout /
Card
Input
Drift
Correction
Program
J7
Frequency/
Distributiyftp—
Printout
I
7
Frequency
Distribution
Program
6.9
'Hourly
Averages
7
Hourly Aver-V
yages Correclfe
^for Drift
Printout
ed
[Averaging Pro
orrectet;
>r Drii
Distribution
I Subroutine
i 6.8
3-Hour Averi
age and
frequency Di
/ tribution
/ Printout
Diurnal
Average
Program
6.10
Correlation
Program
6.11
Plots of
Diurnal Aver-
ages.
Correlation/
/Coefficients,
/Means, and
/Stand. Dev.)
/ Printout
/ 6-Hour Aver-
/age and /
— h/Frequency /
/Distribution
/ Printout /
/ 12-Hour 7
_ J Average and/
7 Frequency /
/Distribution/
-CiJXtQllt— '
/ 24-Hour
J Average and/
/Frequency /
/Dist. Print/
1 __ enit-J
Figure 6.1(k) Data Processing Plow Chart
-------
6.3 Edit
The output of 6.2 is copied after correcting for time that
does not correspond to a five-minute interval. Faulty data is sub-
stituted by a missing indicator (e.g. overload voltage). Scans with
a duplicate channel or channels out of order are deleted, as well as
records with time that is earlier than the time on the previous scan
(faulty time record).
6.4 Transfer Functions
The calibration data for each instrument is programmed as
a transfer equation to convert voltages to physical units. This pro-
gram also writes a tape and prints out the five-minute data along with
manual entry modes with two hours of data per page. Two basic equations
are used: a logarithmic function of the form ppm is equal to a(V - b)n
for the Melpar and Tracor Instruments and a linear function of the form
ppm is equal to a(V) + b for all other instruments.
6.5 Analog Input
During most of the study in Los Angeles, the Solid Phase
Chemiluminescent instrument and the GC-FPD instruments were recorder on
strip charts. This program merges the strip chart data that has been
punched on cards with output from Program 6.4. A new tape is written
containing the complete data set. The five-minute data and modes are
printed out with two hours of data per page.
6.6 Lag Time Correction
The output from those instruments having a lag time greater than
five minutes is shifted in time accordingly. Hourly averages are calculated
and punched on cards. The averages are also printed with the five-minute
data in the same form as Program 6.5. The program also prints an estimate
of the ozone value that is derived from the oxidant measurements corrected
-------
for NO and SO. interference. The following equations are used:
2 «2
0 T = TECH 0X. - C-L (TECH N02) + C2 (TECH S02)
0 M = MAST 0X. - C3 (TECH N02) + C^ (TRAC0R S02)
where C-, C_, C_ and C, are constants determined by interference tests.
6.7 Drift Correction
Using a tape created from cards containing hourly averages
(output from 6.6), this program calculates calibration drift corrections
and applies them to the hourly data. Average S0» and oxidant values are
computed. This data is written on tape and printed out with one page of
data per day.
6.8 Averaging
Average values are calculated for four different averaging
time periods for all data output from program 6.7. These periods are
three-hour, six-hour, twelve-hour, and twenty-four hour averages. The
average wind directions are computed using components of the wind
direction unit vector, however, wind speeds are not used in the
calculation.
6.9 Frequency Distribution
The frequency distributions are calculated for specified sensors
using the tape output from 6.7. The percent of hourly data above various
concentration levels is printed. This program is also used as a sub-routine
of program 6.8 to obtain frequency distributions of data averages for other
time periods.
-------
6.10 Diurnal Averages
The hourly data output from 6.6 is used to calculate monthly
diurnal averages and standard deviations for each gas having valid data
for each of the twenty-four hours in a day. The twenty-four hour
averages for each sensor are plotted with a standard deviation and case
count included. The process is repeated for data output from 6.7-
6.11 Correlations
Using the output from 6.6, the program correlates selected
pairs of sensors for all hours when both sensors have valid data. Each
of these data sets is used to calculate a mean and standard deviation
for the time period between tape changes in the van (approximately one
week). The process is repeated for data output from program 6.7.
-------
7.0 INSTRUMENT EVALUATION
A general set of performance criteria can be established which are
independent of the type of instrument being evaluated or the application
in which it is to be used. This approach should have a wider audience
than an evaluation based on the minimum criteria and standards for a
specific application. Keeping in mind that the user of evaluation data
has a specific application in mind, this case must be easily derived
from the general case. Performance criteria based on instrument char-
acteristics have this general applicability.
The air quality data in the Appendices is a necessary part of the
evaluation because of the many unknowns involved in sampling a variety of
real atmospheres. The evaluation of ambient air monitors is incomplete
until several instruments are observed simultaneously under the same field
conditions. In Sections 7.1 and 7.2, this is called field data quality.
Other major categories of instrument characteristics are physical char-
acteristics, test procedure responses, and functional capability. Terms
are described in Section 7.1 and experimental data analysis is provided
in Section 7.2. A linear decision model is presented in Section 7.3
followed by a general performance summary in Section 7.4.
-------
7.1 Definitions of Performance Criteria
7.1.1 Physical Characteristics
Portability; Measure of the capability to be moved. Small size
and low weight are desirable. Durability as well as shape may also
enter into the assessment of portability. For the Los Angeles study,
size and weight are sufficient descriptors.
Size; The dimensions of the complete instrument. Height, width
and depth are usually adequate to describe size. The basic instrument
is assumed to include the sampling, analysis, and detection systems,
in one or more packages. Data display, recording systems, pumps, and
reagent containers are considered accessories unless they are an
integral part of the instrument in a single cabinet.
Weight; Low weight is desirable, although its importance may
vary between one user and another. It is a significant measurable
characteristic related to portability.
Space Requirement; The dimensions of height, width and depth
required for installation, operation, and maintenance of an instrument.
It includes space needed by auxiliary items and equipment, and includes
swinging space for cabinet access doors and panels. This characteristic
has a general relationship to size.
Auxiliary Equipment; Additional equipment required by the instru-
ment to perform its measurement and data display function. The need
for auxiliary equipment is undesirable.
Power Requirement; The type of power and the amount required for
operation. High power consumption is expensive and often requires
facility cooling as well as instrument cooling equipment.
-------
Versatility: The capabilities of being used for more than one
purpose; a multi-component analyzer is inherently more desirable than
the single component analyzer, For application to a specific gas,
however, this would be unimportant.
Hazards; Sources of irritation or harm to the instrument operator
or other personnel which are related to the proper function of the
instrument. Typical hazards are chemical, electrical, optical, and
acoustical in nature,
-------
7,1.2 Measured Responses to Standard Test Procedures
Temperature Effect; The change in instrument output per unit tem-
perature change. This is an important performance characteristic but
very little data was obtained during the Los Angeles study.
Interference; The positive or negative output caused by a sub-
stance other than the one being measured. (See Interference Equivalent)
Interference Equivalent; The indicated concentration of one
pollutant which is attributable to a given concentration of an inter-
ferent. A low interference equivalent is desired for those inter-
ferences which are likely to be found in the instrument environ-
ment.
Volumetric Flow Rate; The volume of sample air passing through
the instrument per unit time. This parameter may be particularly
important where the sampling system is already designed and cannot
be altered.
Range; The minimum and maximum measurement limits. The effective
range may be limited by the points where no readable response can be
obtained. A more useful, effective range in analytical instrumentation
is the range over which a single calibration curve gives sufficient
calibration precision. This specification is of primary importance in
matching an instrument and a specific measurement problem.
Set-up Time; The time required to prepare the instrument for
operation after it has been transported from one location to
another.
Warm-up Time; The time required for the instrument drift rate to
be within the maximum limit specified for the instrument after having
been shutdown for at least 24 hours.
-------
Response Time; The time required for the instrument to reach a
new equilibrium. The important components of response time are defined
below and further clarified by a graphical presentation, Figure 7.1.
Initial Response Time (Lag Time), t^ The time interval from a
step change in the input concentration at the instrument inlet to the
first corresponding change in the instrument output. This can be
most reproducibly determined by extrapolating the slope at the 5%
point.
Rise Time, t ; The interval between the initial response time
(t.), and the time to 95% response (tgc)» after a step increase to inlet
concentration.
Time to 95% Response, t-,.; The time interval from the step change
in the input concentration at the instrument inlet to a reading of 95%
of the equilibrium concentrationJ tQ- is equal to t. plus t , there is
no additional information in this term, but it is more convenient to
determine than t. and has more practical significance.
Fall Time, t£; The interval between the initial response time,
t. and the time to 95% response after a step decrease in the inlet con-
centration. This time is not necessarily equal to the rise time, but
may be approximately the same.
Speed of Measurement; The time required to set up the instrument,
calibrate, make the measurement, and perform any analysis necessary to
present the instrument output at standard units. Although not very sig*-
nifleant to continuous monitoring functions, this aspect of performance
could be very important for such things as short-term site monitoring.
-------
Sensitivity; Instrument output per unit input. The term is impor-
tant in system design, but other terms describe system performance better,
(Minimum detectable change, minimum detectable sensitivity, decision
limit, detection limit, precision)-.
(0
s
C
o
u
Input
Concentration
Instrument
Response
Time
Figure 7.1 Instrument Response Time
-------
7.1.O Data Quality Determined for Field Evaluation
Calibration Requirements: The time between calibrations, the
time required to perform individual calibrations, the difficulty in
using available standards, hysteresis effects and non-linear res-
ponse. Terms other than standard source requirements and the time
required for calibrations are considered in other accuracy-related
terms.
Stability; A measure of the instrument drift. This term is
generally used for long-term performance. Drift problems will be
treated in other terms.
Accuracy; The degree of conformity of the measurement to a
primary standard reference. An estimate of the accuracy is normally
made by summing the known sources of error, such as those determined
by interference, drift, precision and reproducibility measurements. In
addition to individual terms, the correlation between several instru-
ment outputs is an indication of accuracy.
Precision; The degree of exactness of the instrument; the repro-
ducibility which can be demonstrated by repeated measurement from the
same sample} the degree of agreement between repeated measurement of
the same concentration expressed as the average deviation of the single
results from the mean.
Calibration Precision; The variance of calibration data about the
best fit calibration curve.
Zero Drift; The change in instrument output over a stated time
period. Data with which to estimate this drift can be obtained through
unadjusted, continuous operation, with zero air, or it may be obtained
by comparison of successive calibration data. Minimum zero drift is
-------
desirable especially when measuring very low concentrations.
Span Drift; The change in instrument response over a stated period
of time. Data with which to estimate this drift may be obtained through
unadjusted, continuous operation or it may be obtained by comparison of
successive calibration data. The minimum span drift will improve repro-
ducibility, especially at higher concentration levels.
Linearity; The maximum deviation between an actual instrument
reading and the reading predicted by straight line calibration drawn
over the extent of its range. A linear response results in easier cali-
bration.
Reproducibility; The attainability of the same output for a fixed
input measured at intervals over a period of time. Estimates of this
reproducibility may be influenced by the reproducibility of the calibra-
tion system.
Calibration Reproducibility; The variance between calibration
data obtained in different times during the instrument operation
period.
Minimum Detectable Sensitivity; The smallest amount of input con-
centration which can be detected with a specified degree of confidence.
The statistical calculation of decision limit or detection limit from
calibration data provides an unambiguous measure of the sensitivity. Much
of the same information is contained in the zero drift and precision data.
Minimum Detectable Change; The smallest change of input concentra-
tion which can be detected at a given operating level. The equivalent
information for this term is given by zero and span drift and are best
represented by confidence limits on the calibration curve. The minimum
detectable change is estimated by the difference y - y . in Figure 7.2.
J max mm
-------
Signal, volts
Figure 7.2. Transfer Function with Confidence Limits.
ed and yd are the decision limit and the
detection limit used by, Hubaux and Vos [17].
-------
Decision Limit; The lowest signal that can be distinguished
from background with a specified degree of statistical confidence.
Detection Limit; The concentration below which there is a
specified probability that the sample may erroneously be taken for
a blank.
The confidence limits shown in Figure 7.2 are determined by
the dispersion of calibration data about a linear calibration curve.
The signal from a blank sample has a probability of 1-a of being
less than the decision limit, e,. For an input concentration equal
to the detection limit y,, there is a small probability, g, that it
will be taken as a blank. This concentration has a chance, 1-g,
(expressed in percent of confidence), that it will be taken as non-
zero.
-------
7.1.4 Functional Capability Determined by Field Monitoring
Experience
Fragility; The delicacy of the instrument and the need for careful
handling. Rugged instruments are preferred.
Durability: Ability to withstand normal use. This term is related
to fragility under normal operating conditions.
Serviceability; Ease of which an instrument can be serviced and
repaired. Long periods of repair indicate poor performance. Additional
subjective judgment by the person performing the maintenance and repair
is necessary in the evaluation.
Zero Failure Period; The mean time between failures. The record
of field operation can provide the necessary data. Conclusions must be
statistically qualified by the number of instruments being observed and
the length of the observation period.
Maintenance Requirements; The frequency and severity of problem
preventing proper operation of the instrument. The best estimate of
this performance is the percentage of available time spent in maintenance.
Parts and operator time are considered under cost.
Operational Period; The mean time over which the instrument
can be expected to operate without maintenance recalibration or adjust-
ment.
Equipment Cost; The cost of buying the instrument (.capital cost) ,
operating cost (reagents, recording paper) and maintenance cost (spare
parts, repair time). These three types of costs could be evaluated inde-
pendently depending upon the economic needs of the user. Generally,
however, the lowest total cost would be the basis for selection.
-------
7.2 Experimental Performance Data
7.2.1 Physical Characteristics
Although physical characteristics can be very important
in the selection of instruments, they are not as complex, and differences
which may be critical are solved quickly.
Power requirements are listed for each instrument in Table 7.1 along
with physical dimensions and weight. The CSM6 is the largest in all
categories but it includes six channels. The Mast instrument is the
smallest and least power consuming.
Versatility is considered in Table 7.2. The practical significance
of measuring more than one pollutant depends on each unique situation.
A hazards analysis is given in Table 7.3. Although the hazards can
be handled very easily, they must always receive proper attention.
-------
Table 7.1 Physical Characteristics
Instrument
Solid Phase Chemi 03
Gas Phase Chemi 0^
Mast
Melpar - SCL
Air Pump
Cylinder of Hydrogen
Philips - S02
Electrical Unit
Chemical Unit
Leeds & Northrup - SO™
Reagent Storage Container
Wet Test Meter
Tracor - H2S, SO™, CH3SH
Air Pump
Cylinders
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Air
Technicon CSM6
Height
(In.)
18.5
26.0
11.5
11.5
5.0
52.0
18.0
18.0
30.5
20.0
19.0
17.8
6.3
52.0
52.0
52.0
52.0
75.0
Width
(In.)
19.8
19.0
7.5
11.0
4.0
9.0
24.0
24.0
18.0
11.5
13.0
19.0
10.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
57.0
Depth
(In.)
23.0
18.0
6.0
20.0
7.0
9.0
11.0
11.0
10.0
11.5
10.0
28.0
3.5
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
35.0
Weight
(Lbs.)
133.0
49.0
10.5
28.0
7.0
136.0
42.0
26.0
85.0
30.0
20.0
97.0
6.5
136.0
153.0
149.0
151.0
750.0
Power
(Watts
290
125
12
200
70
180
1350 S
450 R
340
3.3
3300
S - Starting
R - Run
-------
Table 7.2 Versatility Analysis
Versatility
Instrument Rating*
Solid Phase Chemi 0, 1
Gas Phase Chemi 0_ 1
Mast 1
Melpar - S02 1
Philips - S02 1
Leeds & Northup - SO- 1
Tracor - H2S , S02, CH-jSH 3
Technicon CSM6 3
Channel 1 S02 2
Channel 2 N02 2
Channel 3 NO 2
X
Channel 4 HCOH 2
Channel 5 T.O 2
X
Channel 6 H_S 2
1 - Can measure one pollutant
2 - Can be modified to measure a different pollutant
3 - Can measure more than one pollutant
-------
Table 7.3 Hazards Analysis
Instrument
Operational
Hazard
Solid Phase Chemi 03
Gas Phase Chemi 03 Ethylene
Mast
Technicon Total Oxidant
Technicon - SO™
Melpar - S02
Philips - S02
Leeds and Northup - S0~ -
Tracor~GC-H2S, S02 Hydrogen
Technicon - H-S
Technicon - NO-
Mercury Waste
Hydrogen
Maintenance
Hazard
High Voltage
High Voltage
Acid Electrolyte
-------
7.2.2 Measured Responses to Standard Test Procedures
Instrument response times are shown in Table 7.4.
Response times are used to adjust the output data as an integral number
of scans based on the nearest five-minute interval. For instance,
instruments having a time to 95% response between 2.5 and 7.5 minutes
are displaced by one five-minute scan interval.
Operating ranges are shown in Table 7.5. The appearance of more
than one range indicates that range adjustments were made during the
study period.
The volumetric flow rate requirements for each instrument are
given in Table 7.6. Flow rate is of concern in two major design areas:
flow capacity of sample lines and cost of gas supplies.
-------
Table 7.4 Instrument Response Times
Set-Up Warm-Up Lag Rise
Time Time Time Time 95
Instrument (min) (hours) (min) (min) (min)
Solid Phase Chemi 0_ 20 0.5 4.0 n/a 4.0
Gas Phase Chemi 0, 120 0.5 0.2 1.0 1.2
Mast 45 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0
Technicon Total Oxidant 60 1.0 15.0 9.0 24
Technicon - S02 60 1.0 25 9.0 34
Melpar - S02 60 1.0 0.1 1.0 1.1*
Philips - S02 30 0.5 2.0 1.0 3.0
Leeds and Northrup - S02 90 2.5 1.0 5.0 6.0
Tracer GC - H2S, S02, CH3SH 120 8.0 3.0 n/a 3.0
Technicon - HZS 60 1.0 21.0 14.0 35.0
Technicon NO, 90 1.0 20.0 18.0 38.0
Longer times that are concentration dependent have been observed to result
from a dirty detector unit.
n/a—not applicable
-------
Table 7.5 Instrument Operating Range
Ins trument Range (ppm)
Solid Phase Chemi 03 0-0.5
Gas Phase Chemi 03 0-0.5
Mast Ox 0-0.1, 0-1.0
Technicon Total Oxidant 0-0.1, 0-1.0
Technicon - S02 0-0.1, 0-1.0
Melpar - S02 0-1.0
Philips - S02 0-0.1, 0-1.0, 0-3.0
Leeds and Northup - S02 0-1.0, 0-2.0
Tracer GC - H2S, S02, CH3SH 0-0.8
Technicon - H2S 0-0.17
Technicon N02 0-0.1, 0-1.0
-------
Table 7.6 Volumetric Flow Rate Requirements of Ambient Air Monitors
Instrument
Solid Phase Chemi 03
Gas Phase Chemi Oo
Mast
Technicon Total Oxidant
Flow Rate (liter per minute)
0.20
1.0
0.14
0.51
Technicon - SO-
Melpar - S02
Philips - S02
Leeds and Northup - S0_
Tracer GC - H2S, SO,.,, CH3SH
0.404
0.20
0.15
2.36
0.010
Technicon - H-S
Technicon - N0n
0.76
0.315
-------
7.2.3 Field Data Quality
In section 7.1.3 the terms that are defined are concerned
with calibration requirements, stability, accuracy and limits of detection.
Performance data related to these terms could be obtained in the labora-
tory but generally it is more credible when it is obtained under field
conditions that closely simulate the intended operating conditions of
the instrument.
A summary of calibration experience for each instrument during the
Los Angeles study is shown in Table 7.7. The calibration parameters
"that are listed describe response curves of the form
y = mx + b
and
, .n
y = a(x-xQ) .
The number of calibrations during the period are listed with the
average. A small number of calibrations is indicative of using more
than one instrument of that type, changing scales during the period, or
the instrument being unavailable part of the time. From this basic data
the average drift and standard deviation of drift are determined. The
percent drift ratio is the ratio of the standard deviation of drift to
the standard deviation of the average value. If this ratio is near 100%,
it indicates that not much is to be gained by continuous drift correc-
tions. Where zero and span adjustments were made (see notes to Table 7.7),
this interpretation is distorted.
From a statistical view, additional information is contained in the
correlation coefficient of calibration data. These results are shown in
-------
Table 7.7 Statistical Summary of Calibration Data from the Los Angeles Study
Standard
Average
Instrument Parameter Value
Solid Phase (1)
Gas Phase
(All)
Gas Phase
(9/28-12/1)
Mast (2)
(9/4-9/26)
Mast (2)
(9/26-12/1)
oo
o
Technicon 0 (6)
(9/22-12/l)X
Technicon S02(6)
Melpar S02
(9/23-12/1)
Philips S02
L & N SO-
£m
GC-FPD (S0,)(l)
£•
m
m
b
m
b
m
b
m
b
m
b
m
b
X
a
n
m
b
m
b
a
n
0.107
0.541
-.01334
0.4846
-.00356
52.348
-.00034
67.664
-.00050
0.09733
-.00709
0.0241
-.00678
0.00684
0.137
0.654
18.561
-.10155
0.300
-.001
0.0242
0.5929
Deviation as Average
Standard Percent of Number of Drift
Deviation Average Calibrations per Day
0.00849
0.112
0.01110
0.02132
0.00230
2.435
0.00117
4.557
0.00240
0.00861
0.01365
0.0062
0.00841
0.00402
0.0164
0.0526
2.691
0.02378
0.0918
0.00371
0.0052
0.0668
7.9
20.7
4.4
4.6
6.7
8.8
25.7
12.0
8.0
14.5
30.6
21.4
11.2
23
20
20
9
9
15
8
9
9
10
12
23
23
12
12
12
24
24
20
20
7
-0
0
-0
0
0
-0
0
1
-0
0
-0
-0
-0
0
-0
0
-0
0
-0
0
-0
-0
.00053
.00714
.0005
.00343
.00007
.702
.0001
.484
.0005
.00148
.00014
.00039
.00013
.00009
.00149
.O0057
.367
.00456
.0131
.00044
.00115
.00493
Percent
Drift
per Day
-0.5
1.32
.70
-1.34
2.19
1.52
-1.62
-1.08
0.087
1.97
4.3
-4.75
- .83
Standard
Deviation
of Drift
0.00592
0.0449
0.00410
0.00821
0.00055
2.1630
0.0005
3.218
0.0045
0.00927
0.01977
0.00577
0.01005
0.00188
0.00663
0.00260
3.538
0.0268
0.0493
0.00191
0.00250
0.00838
Percent
Drift Ratio (3)
69.7
40.1
38,
88,
70
107
93
40
4
131
53
48
12
.5
.8
.6
.7
.1
.4
.9
.5
.7
.1
-------
Table 7.7 Statistical bummary of Calibration Data from the Los Angeles Study (Cont.)
Instrument
Tracor-SO-
Tech N09 (6)
(All) *
Tech N02 (4)
(9/4-9/30)
Tech N02 (5)
(9/30-12/1)
00
Tech H2S
Tracer H2S
Parameter
a
n
X
o
m
b
m
b
m
b
m
b
a
n
X
o
Average
Value
0.2588
0.5295
0.0504
0.10840
-.016558
0.20153
-.01009
0.02153
-.00305
0.2450
0.5583
0.0677
Standard
Deviation
0.0368
0.1146
0.0019
0.01534
0.01919
0.01059
0.04108
0.00199
0.00261
0.0402
0.0635
0.0017
Standard
Deviation as
Percent of
Average
14.2
21.6
__
14.1
—
5.2
—
9.2
— —
16.4
11.4
—
Number of
Calibrations
4
4
5
9
8
6
14
3
8
4
4
4
Average
Drift
per day
-0.0050
-0.0052
-0.00026
-0.00038
0.00018
0.00030
0.00046
-0.0057
0.0004
0.00007
Percent
Drift
per day
- 1.93
- .98
- .35
1.39
- 2.32
.07
Standard
Deviation
of Drift
0.01114
0.00936
0.00071
0.00302
0.01281
0.00071
0.00086
0.0103
0.0111
0.00035
Percent
Drift Ratio (3
30.2
8.2
19.7
35.7
25.6
17.5
(1) Data from analog recorder.
(2) First instrument was replaced on 9/26/70.
(3) Ratio of standard deviation of drift per day to the standard deviation of individual calibrations in percent.
(4) 0*5 ppm full scale.
(5) 1.0 ppm full scale.
-------
Table 7.8. The last column is the result of using a single calibration
•
curve to fit all the calibration data for the Los Angeles study. The
first column is the result of a single calibration obtained after the
instruments returned to home base from the Los Angeles site. The
second column is a second calibration performed after six days of
operation. The third column uses an average curve to fit the data of
the previous two columns.
The reproducibility at several concentrations is shown in Table 7.9.
The standard deviation about zero is roughly equivalent to the detection
limit with 80% confidence on a long-term basis. The standard deviation
about the higher concentrations is equal to the minimum detectable change
at the point of measurement on a long-term basis (roughly 65% confidence
depending upon the number of observations). On a short-term basis, the
variability would be expected to be much less. This broadening effect
with time is indicated by the reduction in correlation coefficients for
the longer time periods in Table 7.8. Factors that are used to assess
the minimum detectable sensitivity and minimum detectable change can thus
be seen to depend upon the testing conditions.
-------
Table 7.8 Calibration Data Correlation
Instrument
Technicon - H-S
Technicon - NO-
January 18, 1971
Correlation Coefficients
3 Months
September 5-
January 22, 1971 January 18 and 22, 1971 December 1, 1970
Solid Phase Chemi-03 .9994 .9986
Gas Phase Chemi-0, .9994 .9993
Mast - Total Oxidant .9960 .9989
Technicon - Total Oxidant
Technicon - SO-
03
CO
Melpar - S02 .9979
Philips - S02 .9994 .9997
Leeds and Northrup - S02 .9977 .9948
GC-FPD - S02, H2S .9999 .9809
.9968 (2)
.9989 .9800
.9770 .9975
.9982
.9825(1>
.9742 .9270
.9275 .9540
.9860 .9575
.9939
(1)
(1) Zero and span adjustments were made during the period operation.
(2) Three-month data is not comparable to January data because of instrument modification to permit
-------
Table 7.9 Standard Deviation of Calibration Data for a
Period of 90 days at Several Concentrations.
Concentration
ppm
OZONE
Chem. Gas Ph. Gas Ph.
(2) (All) (Sept. 28
. to Dec. 1)
OXIDANT
Coul. Color
(1)
SULFUR DIOXIDE
Color FPD Coul. Cond. GC-FPD
(1) (2)
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
Color
(1)
oo
-P-
0
.021
.04
.08
0.1
0.2
0.35
0.4
NA .0081 .0009
.0023 .0057 .0034
.0157 .0152 .0173
.0215 .0661 .0035
.0009 NA
.0027 -.010
.0201 -.010
.0187 -.010
.0045-
.0073 .004 .012 -.001 NA
.0035-
.0045 .0055 .0095 .007
.0029 .004 .0135 .014
.0031 .005 .0125 .011
.0038-
.0045
.006-
.007
.010-
.012
NA
.071 (Before September 25)
.035 (After September 25)
(1) Zero and span adjustments were made
-------
7.2.4 Functional Capability
The most obvious negative functional characteristic
is instrument failure. The number of failures that occurred for each
instrument in Los Angeles is shown in Table 7.10. The inverse or the
period divided by the number of failures gives what has been defined
as the zero failure period. All instruments experienced at least one
failure except the Tracer which was only operational for one month.
The Technicon total oxidant channel was the most troublesome with
five failures.
Other operational features are indicated in Table 7.11. The per-
centage of time in each mode was obtained from the daily operator log
and the mode channel data stored on magnetic tape. Satisfactory
operation of the instruments resulted in better than 90% of the time
in the sampling mode. The low value for the Technicon-H-S channel
resulted from delay in receiving a new logarithmic amplifier.
Emphasis on functional capability of continuous air monitors
results from their ultimate contribution to instrument operating costs.
The total cost of each instrument must be determined from the operating
costs for a specific application plus the original purchase price.
Approximate prices are given in Table 7.12 with the realization that
they are subject to change.
-------
Table 7.10 Instrument Failures
Number of Failures
Instrument for Three-Month Period
Solid Phase Chemi 03 !
Gas Phase Chemi 0- 1
Mast 1
Technicon - Total Oxidant 5
Technicon - S02 2
Melpar - SO- 1
Philips - S02 1
Leeds and Northrup - SO- 2
Tracer GC - H-S, SO- (one month) 0
Technicon -H-S 2
Technicon - NO- 2
-------
Table 7.11 Operational Summary
Operational Modes (Percent Time)
Instrument
Solid Phase Chemi ()„
Gas Phase Chemi 0»
Mast- Total Oxidant
Technicon - Total Oxidant
Technicon - SO™
Melpar - S02
Philips - SO2
Leeds and Northup - S0_
GC-FPD - H2S, S02
Technicon - tUS
Technicon - NO,,
a
0
•H
ti
H
.a
•H
rH
0}
U
3.
3.
3.
7.
4.
3.
2.
2.
2.
1.
3.
2
5
5
2
0
0
7
9
9
9
6
01
0
a
tfl
a
01
4J
e
•H
to
S
0
0
0
1.0
3.1
0.13
0*
0
0.09
9.4
2.8
01
u
C
bO CO
C C
•H 01
•U 4J
•H a
CO -H
.5 CO
•5 S
0
0
0
3.5
1.9
0
0
0
0
0.4
2.1
•
i
0
0
1
1
4
0
0
1
CO
n
H
cd
a
0)
I*-!
.04
.3
.1
.2
.5
.09
.04
.1
0
1.3
5.5
CO
g
01
C
3
H
i-H
01
O
01
•rl
s
2
3
3
6
12
2
7
4
4
39
7
•rl
4J
3
Q
O
.9
.4
.4
.2
.I3
.9
.7
.1
.1
.73
.6
CN
01
c
"
6
7
8
19
25
6
10
8
7
52
~n
hJ
1
iii
HH
m
p
.1
.2
.0
.1
.6
.1
.4
.1
.1
.7
21.6
00
a
, i
r^
j-i.
M-i
H
CO
93
92
92
80
74
93
89
91
92
47
78
.9
.8
.0
.9
.4
.9
.6
.9
.9
.3
.4
Miscellaneous Downtime Includes:
(a) Awaiting reagents, repair parts
(b) Downtime attributed to bad reagents
supplied by Technicon (H2S only)
(c) Instrument Modifications
2
Off-Line Means Instrument Not in Monitoring Mode
3
Logarithmic Amplifier Failed
Maintenance Recommended at 90-day Intervals (3 hours required)
-------
Table 7.12 Instrument Costs
Solid Phase Chemi 0.,
Gas Phase Chemi 0»
Mast
Melpar - S02
Philips - S02
Leeds & Northrup - SO
Tracor H2S, S02, CH3SH
Technicon CSM-6
Total
$3,9001
3.5001
950
3,750
5,290
2,670
12.0002
27,0003
Cost/parameter
$3,900
3,500
950
3,750
5,290
2,670
4,000
4.5004
Estimated production cost
2 3 parameters (H2S, S02> CH SH)
3
6 parameters (S02> 0 , NO, N02 H S, CHOH)
includes recorder
-------
7.3 A Linearly Weighted Decision Model
Evaluation of a group of instruments to perform a specific
measurement task is a complex procedure. In actual practice, it involves
testing each instrument to determine if it passes certain critical (or
minimum) performance requirements, one or more than may involve cost,
and then depending upon the intuition of an experienced engineer, to
resolve the lesser points of difference between those which are accept-
able. The procedure is obviously simpler when a group of nominally
acceptable instruments is to be classified rather than when the decision
must be narrowed to an instrument for immedicate purchase. Other inter-
mediate situations can be visualized as well.
In a recent report by the Department of the Army, a logical pro-
cedure was outlined to successively consider critical performance factors,
relative performance factors, cost procedure items, and subjective factors.
The above report also includes many procedure and data forms that may be
included in some of our later evaluations.
The following instrument evaluation model is developed around the
concept of performing separate evaluations for each performance character-
istic to determine relative performance and then applying a weight to
each characteristic depending on how critical it is for the particular
measurement problem. The advantages are that the relative performance
need be determined only once for any subsequent application. The major
disadvantage lies in the problem of quantitatively equating test results
to relative performance and equating critical requirements to weight
factors. Additional work needs to be done in this area.
-------
The value of a method for a measurement problem is given by
V1 = wipij
where P is the probability that method "j" is the best method as
determined by the characteristic "i". W± is a weighting factor, or
the probability that the characteristic "i" is the most important
performance parameter. As an example to aid in understanding larger
matrices, consider the smaller problem of two methods, say automated
colorimetry and coulometry, which are to be evaluated on the basis of
two performance requirements; namely, accuracy and portability.
A comparison matrix is first set up which contains as much avail-
able data and subjective judgment as is needed to begin the evaluation
This is demonstrated is Table 7.13. For a large matrix, a large worksheet
is required unless each method or characteristic is presented separately.
Performance
Requirement
Table 7.13 Comparison Matrix (Example)
Method 1 Method 2
Automated Colorimetry Coulometry
Accuracy
Baseline drift (% span)
Span drift
Interference (% span)
+ 5%/day
+ 2%/day
Typically + 10%
+ 10% of span/day
+ 3% of span/day
Typically + 10%
Portability
Weight
Size
76 Ibs.
15 ft3
Has carrying handles
30 Ibs.
10 ft3
No handles required
The comparison matrix is converted to the decision matrix of
Table 7.14 on a statistical basis. It may often be necessary to rely
heavily on engineering judgment.
Table 7.14 Decision Matrix (Example)
Performance
Requirement
Method
Horizontal
Sum
1. Accuracy
2. Portability
Pll - 2/3
P21 - I/*
P12 = 1/3
P22 - 3/2
1.0
1.0
-------
Since PU is twice as large as ?u> this is interpreted to mean
that Method 1 has a .66 probability of being first choice, if only
accuracy is considered. Since only two choices are assumed to be
available.
P
*
1.0
Table 7.15 is the resultant value matrix determined by the product of
the weight factor vector and the decision matrix. Assume that accuracy
and portability are equally important in this example.
Table 7.15 Value Matrix (Example)
Performance
Requirement
Weight
Factor, W.
Method
Accuracy
Portability
Total Performance Value
50%
50%
100%
W1P11 = <333
W2Pn = .125
V-L - .458
W1P12 = -167
W2P22 = .375
V2 = .542
Since V_ > V-, Method 2 is the first choice. Here again since only
two choices are available, the probability of choosing Method 1 or
Method 2 is 100% so that
Vl + V2 = lm°
A reasonable question to ask is, "How sensitive is the final choice
to weight factor variation?" It may be expected to be sensitive to
large variations of the weight factors since these factors describe the
application and one method is not generally expected the best in all
applications. It is not desirable, however, to reach a decision which
may be reversed by small changes in the estimate of the importance of
one performance requirement. A procedure known as sensitivity^ analysis
adds to the confidence in the decision reached. In this analysis, shifts
-------
in relative ranking are observed as each weight factor is varied over
a reasonable* range. All other weight factors remain the same relative
to each other, but normalization is maintained. This is especially
simple to do for our sample problem. This result is shown in Tables 7.16
and 7.17. Table 7.17 is the ranking which results from the value analy-
sis of Table 7.16. It shows that Method 2 is the best choice if accuracy
is rated at 60% or less and portability is rated at 40% or more.
Table 7.16 Value Matrix Sensitivity for a Range
of Weight Factors (Example)
Weight Factor
Method 1
Method 2
Accuracy
20%
40%
60%
Portability
20%
40%
60%
.333
.417
.500
.583
.500
.417
.667
.583
.500
.417
.500
.583
Table 7.17 Ranking Sensitivity for a Range of
Weight Factors (Example)
Weight Factor
20% 40% 50%
Accuracy
1st Choice
2nd Choice
Portability
1st Choice
2nd Choice
2
1
1
2
2
1
1 or 2
1 or 2
1 or 2
1 or 2
2
1
-------
This agrees intuitively with the comparison matrix which shows
that Method 2 is best with respect to portability and Method 1 is best
with respect to accurac-". Others ways to use sensitivity analysis
have been described (Thompson, 1970).
7.4 Performance Summary
The comparison matrix is a summary of the characteristics
of each instrument. Rather than a single table in this case, it is the
combined tables 7.1 through 7.12.
From these tables, the decision matrix of Table 7.18 was derived
for the S02 instruments. For lack of a rigorous statistical basis, the
relative ranking in each performance category was obtained by assigning
0.35 to the best performer, followed by 0.25, 0.20, 0.15 and 0.05 for
the worst performer. Where two or more were about equal, the procedure
was altered slightly.
Weight factors are applied in the value matrix of Table 7.19 to
pick out the instrument which is best in the most significnat categories.
Top importance in this case is given to zero drift, span drift, and
maintenance requirements with 14% for each. The FPD instrument is best
in the drift categories followed by the GC-FPD and coulometric method.
The conductimetric rated best in the maintenance category followed by
the coulometric method. Lesser importance (7-9% each) was given to
interference (GC-FPD rated best), correlation with other instruments
(FPD rated best) , operational period as percent of total time in measure
mode (FPD rated best), and cost (conductimetric rated best). Relatively
little significance was given to the other parameters.
-------
The resulting total value is given on the bottom line showing that
the FPD was the best performer when the relative importance of each perfor-
mance requirement was assigned in the above manner. If only one requirement
is important, it is only necessary to look at the relative performance of
each instrument for that requirement without going further to the value
summation.
The effect of changes in individual weight factors is shown in
Table 7.20. This shows that within the constraints of the original weight
ing, relatively large changes in a single performance requirement have no
significant effect on the outcome.
The number of instruments measuring ozone, oxidant, N0?, and H-S is
too small to carry out a similar evaluation. Relative performance for
these instruments is discussed in Sections 1.3 and 7.2.
-------
Table 7.18 I'bCISION MATRIX
SIZE
PCkbfl
VERSATILITY
INTERFERENCE
SAMPL^ FLOd KiTf
SET-UP TlMb
WARf-UP TIML
0.95 RtbPOMSt
CORRELATION
ZERO DRIFT
SPAN DRIFT
MIN DtT. CHANGE
DETECTION LIMT
MAINTE >|AMCt
OPERATML. PtMu^
COST
SO/ 2
CPLC
HIMF
TRIG
.050
. O&M
.•^on
• IbC
• IbP
.^•60
• ?&0
-05u
.?3&
.^on
• 2un
-?-50
-15J
.050
ObO
-ItjP
SO/?
COND
UCTI
METR
-150
.150
.100
.050
.050
-100
.100
.200
.200
.150
.050
.100
.350
.350
.200
.350
SO/2
FLAM
PHOT
DET
.350
.250
.200
.250
.200
.250
.250
• 35U
.350
.35U
.350
.350
.250
.150
.350
.^50
SO/?
COUL
OMET
RIC
-250
.350
.10n
.200
.250
.350
350
.200
.050
.050
.250
.100
.050
.250
.150
.050
SO/2
GC
FPD
.200
.200
.31)0
.350
.350
. 05u
.050
.200
.150
.250
.150
.200
.200
.200
.250
.200
-------
Table 7,19 VALUE MATRIX
HE-
SIZE
POWER
VERSATILITY
INTERFERENCE
SAMPLE FLOW RATb .
SET-UP TIME
WARM-UP TIME
0 95 RESPUNbt
CORRELATION
ZERO DRIFT
SPAN DRIFT
MIN DET. CHANGE .
DETECTION LIMIT .
MAINTENANCE
OPERATNL. PLPIOr .
COST
ICHT
U?0
03U
U30
090
U30
oro
020
U3U
u«0
i4U
140
04(J
U40
140
07U
07U
SO/2
COLO
DIME
ThIC
-001
.001
.009
.013
.004
.005
.005
-001
.0?2
.028
.028
.010
006
.007
.003
.010
SO/2
COND
UCTI
METR
.003
.004
.003
.004
.001
.002
.oo<;
.006
.018
.021
.007
.00*
.014
.049
.014
.024
SO/2
FLAM
PHOT
DET
.007
.007
.006
.022
.006
.005
.005
.010
.031
.049
.049
.014
.010
.021
.024
.017
SO/2
COUL
0*ET
RIC
.005
.!J10
.003
.018
.007
-007
-007
.006
.004
.007
-035
.004
.002
.035
.010
.003
SO/2
GC
FPD
.004
.006
.009
.031
.010
.001
.001
.006
.013
.03-3
.021
.003
.008
.02d
.017
.014
VALUE
.156
178
286
165 .214
-------
Table 7.20 SthSllIVlTY OF THE VALUE MATRIX
TO A CHANGE: IN rfFlGHT FACTORS
SIZE- (
PCWER (
VERSATILITY (
INTERFERENCE (
SAMPLE FLOW RATF (
SET-UP TIME (
WAhh-UP TIML (
0 95 RESPONSE (
CORRELATION (
ZFRO DRIFT (
SPAN DRIFT (
MIN. CbT. CHANCE (
DETECTION LIMIT (
MAINTE\ANCE (
OPERAT.ML. pE^IGu (
COST (
. u / 0
. u •" 0
. 0-U
.1" U
. c c U
. U~i)
.uf,::
. u * U
.UOO
. j^n
.000
.mo
.0/0
. u n o
. Ul'O
. u c n
.Ui-O
.ono
.Ci:>0
.uOO
.0*0
.100
. J°0
.bn,0
. u^o
.If'U
.1-0
. 1 4 C
.uTO
. lljQ
. £*-. 0
.140
.000
.11*0
. tr'Q
.040
.0(.0
.040
.uno
. j.4 U
.000
.100
.d5Q
.070
.OPO
.170
.000
^0/2
rOL J
FlMc
TRIC
)
. Ir9
.lb.5
.142
132
)
.InO
)
.152
)
.157
.156
)
.Ib7
)
.155
)
.1«55
)
.160
.154
.149
)
.147
.152
.158
. 163
)
.149
.154
.162
)
.149
.1*4
.162
)
.153
)
.157
)
.174
.161
.143
)
.165
)
.157
bO/J
CONU
UCTI
NfcTR
.17V
.177
.174
.171
.179
.180
.191
.17/
.1.64
.18U
.180
.177
.178
.18U
.176
.177
.178
.179
.183
.179
.174
.199
.184
.162
.181
.171
.150
.170
.200
.176
.165
SO/2
FLAM
PHOT
LtT
285
28H
294
301
287
.289
290
286
289
287
287
284
.287
291
.280
283
28 /
290
.276
283
294
276
283
294
283
287
3ns
292
.269
281
.289
SfJ/2
COLL
OMET
me
.164
.168
.177
.185
.160
.168
.162
.166
.163
• 162
.162
.164
.166
.16b
-177
.171
.164
.I5b
.184
.171
.151
.152
.162
.176
.168
.170
.152
.162
.176
.167
.174
SU/2
t,C
FPIJ
.ril4
./14
.212
.211
.214
.211
.^01
.215
.210
.217
.217
.214
.214
.213
.^20
.217
.213
.210
.208
.212
.219
.224
,217
.206
.215
.21!?
.216
.215 '
.212
.211
.215
-------
8.0 AIR POLLUTION SUMMARY
The ambient air monitoring that was performed at the Los
Angeles site in the course of evaluating each instrument's performance
indicated several characteristics of this environment. The frequency
distribution of average pollutant concentration measured by each 0^,
0 , SO, and NO, instrument is given as a percentage of total measure-
X £ &
ments in Tables 8.1 through 8.5. The averages are hourly, 3-hour,
6-hour, 12-hour, and 24-hour, respectively. Graphical characteristics
of oxidant, ozone, and sulfur dioxide are presented in the following
sections. In addition, the monthly diurnal averages obtained from
each instrument are given in Appendix D.
8.1 Ozone
The ozone concentration was relatively high during the day-
light hours averaging 0.033 ppm from 0600 hours to 1800 with maximum
hourly averages occurring between 1200 and 1500 hours usually above
0.1 ppm. Occasionally nighttime ozone was observed and its presence cor'
related well with unusually low N02 levels. The monthly diurnal ozone
averages as measured by the solid phase and gas phase chemiluminescent
methods are shown in Figures 8,1 through 8.6. The two instruments
show identical behavior. The daily peaks become narrower and smaller
each successive month as the solar radiation decreases. The data has
been adjusted (corrected indication on graph) for continuous drift
between each successive calibration.
8.2 Oxidant
The primary oxidant is ozone. Ozone concentrations are
actually higher than the indicated oxidant values on many occasions
where there is S02 interference. The oxidant monthly diurnal averages
-------
O
I—I
I—
GT
O
1000
_ SE'NSCR: OZONE'-CHEM
0800-
060:
u
CF1SCS- 2
"n
DTURNflL RVG FOR CMON-DRY-HR) : <9 4 0600 TO 9 30 2300
(CORRECTED)
cr'J
c :m o o
0 0:519 0 05599
c J
/^ ' 1 O **\ /
J I 1C. ,J .
?2 22 23
5c-5 0 0107
T,' r
( J 'J
23 J5 25 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27
5C 0 0486 C 0339 C.C.27D O.C135 0 OD5D5
C 0£0c: 0 05-.3 0 Gd73 C C2^i. 0 OC315 0 C93H
i I
:Vo'n.O ! 0200 ' 0400 ' 0600 ' OSOO LOGO ' 1200 ' L'VoO 1600 L500 2000 2200
-------
o
1—I
I—
or
lOOC
OQGC
0600
CRSFS-
SO-
- 0200
Figure 8.2
DTURNflL BVG FOR CMON-DPiY-HR} •
_ SENSOR- OZONE-CHLM
10 1 OOCG TO iG '3i 23CG
3C 3C 3D 3D 3T, 3C 3C 30 25 2** 2-i 25
0103 0.0319 0 0135
O.C525S C.C1L9
0.0301 0.0125 0 OJ2S C.GC376 0 CC?57
25 23 25 23 2'.
5 0517 3.0376 0
0 GC99 0 C-^67 0 C«?^5
I
39 30 31 3C 3C
5? Q.G]77 0.63G2
C.O]S/ 0.0] 7"* 0.0139
-------
CD
i—i
i—
— p **i r» c ^y i rt ^TiC i ^ r* r o r o o n "i T c~ ^ ^TAT /^ /"* .3 ~^ ^ "* ^"iCfj o ^TC.T rt 001 n~o n o n i n*r o ^ ^ ~^'_L i
fc_.J v uI/Ou^' U JJLb ,J 01/vjctj v Ui/c J J y Ocv / U 0 j ?o V -*cO * v ^ JD / v ub I we v • wu 1U / v-\Ji'C"'l
0 03356 0 C]23 0 C]U 0 C3225 0 CCS95 C C33o G C30C 0 C2't7 C.SC375 O.OCO'-f96 0 CC111- 3 CC25
- 020^f- | i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
0000 0200 0''400 0600 OSOO 1000 1200 I'+OO i600 1300 2000 2200
-------
O
i200
1000
_ SENSOR; OZONE-C-flS PH
0300
0600
0^00
noon _
0
-.0200
Figure 8.4
DTURNRL RVG FOR CMCN-DRY-HR)• 3 4 Q(bOC TO 9 30 2300
(CORRECTED^
17 17 17 17 15 16 16 10 i3 il
OC53«? 0 OD578 0 GDbHB 0 CD6DO Q.OD6P4 g
13
i3 i2
0 G36D
15 j.5
Q 03 18
17 IS
O.OdbQ
O.OC552 0 OD55H C.CD792
t l l t t I i
OOOO 020.0 OHOO Q&OO ,
O.OD875 0 C279 0 OdtO
i i i i i
100 .1.000 1200
..1600
j.3 iS 18 JLS 18 iS
Q.G23" 0 CDS93 C OCSSc.'
0 02'I7 0 0137 0 CD50S C 05661
i i l i f / /
-------
C?
^_
or
c:
iOOO
_ SENSOR- QZONE-CrRS
0800-
OGOO
OH 00
0200
CR5F3"
SD-
0
0200,-
0000
QTURNflL flV& FOR CMON-DflY-HR; : 10 1 0000 TO 10 31 2300
(CORRECTED)
30 30 30 30
66C. 0 00577 C Z'.
0 OC705 C.05327
30 30 30
OCS&S
0 CC
30
C U
303
23
"•^7
J
0 OC87C
25
o ;
27 25 27
0 053d
C OC530
o o:
23 23
0 0293
n
3D 3D 3D 30 30
3C 0 0322 0.0302
0 0123 0 OCS76
C 03*8
I
0200 0'400 0600 OSOO
III!
iOOO 1200
TTMF np
1400 1600
-------
i.
a
i—i
H;
f—
LJ
o
CJ
.200
iOOG
_ SENSOR. OZONE-OflS PH
0800
,0600
0400
0200
C/RSFS-
0
2
0
Figure 8.6
DIURNAL RVG FOR CMON-DflY-HR) il 1 0000 TO 12 1 0700
(CORRECTED')
29 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 29 29 28 27
00591 0 OC776 0.0108 0 00^63 0 OD23fi 0 C195 0
0 00308 0 OILS 0 CC373 0 OC208 0 C06S2 0 023^)
27
28
28
28 29 23 23 23 23 28 23
0 0253 0 C]3S 0 CD10B 0 GDL24- C.OC250
0 0263 G.G211) 0 GDSS'f C.OOC'-*65 O.GC122 0 01
0200H , , , i i i i i , i
0000 0200 0400 O&OO 0800 1000
1200 1^00
i i i / / ; / /
-------
L200
lOQO- SENSOR- OXfPVERRCE)
CSOO
Figure 8 . 7
DfURNPL fiv:.- FOR CMCN-DT'-h^;
j -4 060C TO ^ 30 ^300
(CORRECTED^
CREF3- 2i 25 25 25 25 2j C& 2^ ?4 2^ 22 2
-------
are shown in Figures 8.7 through 8.9. These results are the combined
averages of the coulometric and colorimetric instruments.
N09 diurnal averages determined by the colorimetric method are
shown in Figures 8.10 through 8.12. Sustained levels of NO- were
observed. Hourly averages were above 0,1 ppm about 33% of the time.
8.3 Sulfur Dioxide
S0? levels were relatively low. The daylight average was
0.011 ppm, based on the combined values from the FPD and GC-FPD instru-
ments. Hourly averages frequently rose above 0.030 ppm and on four (4)
occasions, real time peaks were between 0.01 to 0.15 ppm. This resulted
in very obvious interference with the oxidant instruments that did not
use S0« scrubbers. Other sulfur compounds such as H~S and mer cap tans
were generally below the minimum detectable level of the instruments.
The monthly diurnal averages are shown in Figures 8.13 through
8.15. The S02 average includes all five instruments. Results for
individual instruments are given in Appendix D.
-------
C..
GZ
O
1000- SENSOR: OXCflVERRGF)
.0800
,0600
0400
0200
0
TrCo-1
0200
JTlgure 8.8
DIURNflL RVC7 FOR CMON-DflY-HR) • 10 1 OOOO^TO 10 31 2300
(CORRECTED)
'3Q 3D 3D 3D 3D 3D 3D 3D 27 24
2& 27 26 27 29 23 3D 30 3D 3D 3D 3D
OCS50 0 COS'*5 & OC3C7 C 0.06^ 0 OC672 C 0375 C 0376
0 0236 C.0215 O.OHO C 0121
0 C3S1? C
C CC85P 0 CC&90
G CJ17
0 0278 0 0^9 0 035C 0 0223 0 G]63 G 013? 0 Gil9
0000 ' 0200 ' 0^00 0600 ' 0300 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 ' 2200
TIME
-------
c..
c:
-------
j"^. "tT T-J \J
1 000
,8000
51
^ 6000
o
i— i
i —
fr~
\_!—
^ ,4000
UJ
C_J
O
2000
0
CRSFS= 2
n
- 2000
nn
JTigure 8.1O
DIURNflL flVG FOR CMON-DflY-HR) - "9 4 0600 TO 9 30 2300
_ SENSOR; N02-COLOR (CORRECTED)
_^^ \^
1 21 21 21 21 2S 20 20 20 17 17 12 11 15 19 21 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22
.0453 0.0432 Q.G'442 O.G446 0 0782 O.iOS 0 0306 0.0307 0-0434 0 C38J 0 0425 0 0478
0.0408 G.0'445 O.C427 0 0537 0 035P C 0676 0 C'427 0 033D O.G332 0 0365 0.0 48S 0
*— i 1 1 1 i i 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 * 1 1 1
nn norm nann nfinn nflfin i nnn i^nn I4nn iftnn i«nn 9n,nn 99 nn
0458
-------
1 200 — Figure 8.11
DTURNRL R.VG FOR CMON-DRY-HR)• iO 1 0000 TO 10 31 2300
1.000
_ SENSOR; N02-COLOR
£1.
v./
•^•.
CD
f—I
H:
i—
2:
LJ
O
O
8000
6000
4000
,2000
0
- 2
(CORRECTED^
23 23
23
22 23 20 2D 20 20 19 21 22 23 23 23 23 23 23 23
0.0410 3 058^ 0 C414 0 033j 0 03^9 0 0461 0.0405 0 0316
0.0462 0.0424 0 039& 0.0411 0 Obfld 0 0437 0 0-tl6 0 032] 0 0^30 0 0397 0 0415 0
0337 0.0439 0.0420 0 0373
2000f- | | | i I I I I I I
0000 0200 0400 G600 QSQG 1000
1200 '
i i i i i i i
-------
i— Figure 8.12
DIURNfiL fWG FOR (MON-DRY-HR) il 1 0000 TO 12 1 0700
1,000- SENSOR- N02-COLOR
8000
6000
ct:
CD
,4000
2000
0
- 2000
(CORRECTED!
25 26 26 26 25 26 26
21
26 25
25 2" 26 26 26 25
25
0486
0/vi c
WT-
CJ.C459 0 0-151 0 0666 0 G80C ^ 0703 0 0574
0 C'424* 0
0 0238
0 0507 0 0-167
0
0 CSb? 0 0722 0 0852 0 G71Q 0 048^ 0 C3SG 0 0291 0 0317
0000 0200 Q400 0600 0800 1000 1200 BOO 1600 1800 2000 2200
-------
CL.
CD
«—I
h-
-------
O
GT
cr
CD
1000- SENSOR- S02 CflVERflGF)
0800
0600 -
0400 -
0200
0
Figure 8.14
DIURNflL RVG FOR CMON-DRY-HR) • 10 1 0000 TO 10 31 2300
(CORRECTED^
3D 3D 3C 3D 3D 3D
ODSI7 0 OC318 0
0 00669 C C572
30 3D 3D 3D 23 27 27 27
0 GCS.il 0 CD'374 0 03891 0.0169
S45 0.0057'+ 0 CC39* 0 Oil9 0
0200— | | , | | | | i i | i | |
0000 0200 Q400 0600 0300 1000 1200
27 2S 23 23 3D 3D 3D 3D 30 3D
0.0169 q.CCS35 0 OC78i 0.0316 0 0113
0 C112 0 OC7^0 0 CCS3^ 0 GJJ39S 0 U101
i
1600 1800 2000 2200
TIME
-------
1200
1000
0300
G600
,0^00
LJ
O
CD
G200
0
CRSCS- 2
SD- 0
- 0200
0000
Figure 8.15
DIURNAL RVG FOR CMON-DRY-HR). il 1 0000 TO 12 1 0700
SENSOR- SC2 CfWERflGE)
(CORRECTED)
29 29 29 23 29 29 23
0106 0 0036^ 0 0102 0 0107
0.0105 0 C033H- 0 0107
23 2?
0 C132
27 27
0 Ol'-t3
27
0
0 G122
n TH6 0 018'4
.
23 29
0
0 0284
I
23 29 29 29 23 29 28 23 23
0 C109 0 0112 0 0122 O.QCS2S
0 0151 0 05306 0 0131 0 CC872 O.OF
0200 0^00 0600 OSOO 1000 1200 1400
i i i
1600 1800
i i i • i
-------
TABLE 8.1 FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION (Corrected Hourly Average)
9/ 4/70 TO 12/ 1/70
PERCENT
ABOVE
-.0050
-.0020
0.0000
.0025
.0050
.0100
.0150
.0200
.0300
.0400
.0500
.0750
.1000
.1250
.1500
.2000
.3000
.4000
.6000
.8000
OZONE
CHEM
100.00
99.64
66.29
47.70
43.21
37.54
32.58
28,65
21.61
16.55
13.13
7.81
4.70
2.50
1.63
.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
X
X
Q/
rt
X
•/
/•
X
X
X
X
•/
/•
X
„
%
s
X
X
X
Q20NE
GAS PH
9?. 44
96.52
7Q.48
48.95
42.^45
33.73
26.38
24.;73
18.01
13.62
1Q.94
5.64
3_.36
1.65
.46
.11
Q.OO
Q.OO
Q.OO
Q.OO
X
X
X
X
X
X
„
X
_5L
X
X
X
*
X
X
X
X
X
X
OXIDANT
COUL
100.00 X
100.00
99.27
72.22
52.80
38.79
31.46
25.65
18.12
13.29
10.23
5.04
2.39
1.09
.47
.10
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
X
X
•/
/t
X
•/
«
X
•/
/•
x._
x
•/
/*
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
OXIDANT
QDLOR
97V 19 «.
96'. 22 X
91V64 X
39:22 x
82:98 X
76733 x
66744 X
57:17 x
4i:06 X
35:63 x_
23725 X
11:79 x
9770 X
5.06 X
773 X
0700 X
0:00 x
O'.OO X
0700 X
SQ2
GOUOR
93. Q2 X
21-28
39.21
3S. 60
25.44
IZ:Q3
Ii43
I.Z3
•1Z
.07
Q.OO
9.180
Q.QO
Q.QO
Q.QO
O.QO
X_
X
._«_
./
»
X
X
_*_
X
X
-_«
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
S02
FPD
90._B2
84.72
79 ..81
71.67
_6.P_i93_
4.1 ._78
17.94
9.02
,.78
.52
.10
.10
0.00
0.80
0.00
0.80
0.00
0.80
0.80
X .
x
X
X
X
X
•/
- » -
X
x
_8_
.« -
•/
/•
•/
«
x
X
X
X
X
X
SQ2
SOUL
89', 85 X
89.35 X
82; fl7 X
76..6.0 X
70.26 X
57.J1 x
42,40 X
S02
COND
100.00
99.08
8_3.39
64.83
53.57
31,3,5 x 36.26
17.87 X
8>.91 X
4.46 X
.54 X
.16 X
.11 X
. ..US X_
0.10 X
0.DO X
0.QO X
O.QO X
0.00 X
21.66
_li,j47_
8.01
3.41
.97
.16
.05
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
•/
Xf
£
*/
/i
x_
x
X
_x_
X
_x_
t/
X
X
X
X
x .
•/
/•
s
X
X
X
SQ2
6C-FPD
98.31 X
15. tl
72.38
4 4 ,.3 9
23.^9
13.39
5.Z9
2.74-
1,58
.37
.05
o.ofl
o.od
0.00
o.od
O.Qfl
0.00
O.QO
<)
s
>-
X
x
x
x
X
_s_
x
%
X
X
X
s
N02
COLQ
100.00
100.00
99. SS_
99.75
99.69
_99.3i
98.76
97.32
92.59
86.93
79.03
52.96
33.17
17.73
11.70
4.11
.44
0.00
0.00
0.00
R
„
x
x
X
fl/
„
„
„
X
X
X
V
X
X
X
X
-------
TABLE 8.2 FREQUENCY DISTKiaUJION OF 3-HQUR AVERAGES
9/ 4/70 TO 12/ 1/70
A°OV.
r .ODOvj
.0100
.r20J
.C3nu
."4Cu
.0500
.075:
.100J
.1250
.1500
.2000
.3000
. 4 0 0 G
.600 j
.8000
L •'t
ice .-•> «
99.0= '
73.,^ "
54.t-" ••
4 J . e * ;;
33.* 4 "
21.41 ;,
16. w5 -/
1 2 . i 9 •£
G . 1 C 3'
4.43 '.
£. • o *'
l.o? •£
.31 X
0 . li C *i
C . 0 n "i
i/.ir %
G • If C C'
OZCVE aXIDA.x'T
'A1! Fh COUL
•7.7e •< 100. uO %
"6.93 «. 100.01 %
•'4.23 •
^3.75 "
46.76 ",
"=7.C3 "
•59.06 ".
"4.74 •;
17.75 ;
1 3 . o 2 ;;
11.26 x
3.97 %
2. 90 •<
1.19 "
.17 S
.17 ;.
0 . C 0 °£
0.00 'A
C.OO K
O.OC ','
99.6° *
76.t,5 *
56.32 y.
41.77 •;
32.45 %
26.71 «.
Id. 94 s
12.39 %
9.9" ?{
4 • 6 6 "9
2.17 «
1.09 S
•51 8/
.16 K
0.00 X
0.00 %
o.oo s
o.or x
COLDP
07.26 •>
96.53 %
92
•58
93
76
67
56
41
30
23
14
9
4
1
0
0
0
0
.67 •;
.8=5 x
.55 '.',
.60 x
.82 'J
.67 i
.50 ^
.53 ^
.95 %
.63 *
.32 X
.39 •{
.83 K
.55 •£
.00 «
.00 K
.00 X
.00 %
SO?
COLOR
95.62 %
87.03 •<
76-99 %
60.46 Jf
51.67 x
M.31 S
24-^7 %
15.69 ;-
7.32 '„
4.60 «
1.67 K
.21 X
O.QO %
0.00 S
Q.QO %
O.QO %
0.00 ".
O.QO !<
Q.OO %
0.00 '/.
S02
FP2
91.11 X
85.80 %
30.50 •{
70.01 X
61.78 %
41.81 X
17.94 X
3.58 %
1.87 X
.62 •!
.47 %
.16 K
U.OO X
0.00 ".
0.00 X
0.00 X
0.00 X
0.00 X
0 .00 X
0.00 X
5D2
SOUL
91.03
85.10
82.85
76.92
70.99
56.57
42.31
38.29
17.63
9.29
3.21
.32
.16
.16
.16
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
S02
COND
X 100.00
X 99.35
87.72
73.51
65.75
55.73
44.91
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
/i
X
X
36.35
22.46
13.09
7.92
3.39
.32
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
O.CO
0.00
a/
/o
/e
x
9
A/
0
A
/O
c/
/o
o/
07
/O
t/
X
e/
V
o/
*a
x
X
X
X
S02
GC-FPD
98.59 X
97.49 x
95.60 X
90.11 X
74.88 x
46.00 X
22.92 X
14.13 X
5.J8 X
2.67 X
1.10 X
.16 X
0.00 X
0.00 X
0.00 %
0.00 %
0.00 X
0.00 %
O.QO %
0.00 X
N02
COLOR
100.00 X
100.00 X
99.81 X
99.81 X
99.81 X
99.26 X
98.70 X
97.96 X
92.96 X
86.67 X
79.63 X
53.89 X
32.59 X
18.70 %
11.30 X
4.63 X
.19 X
0.00 X
0.00 X
-------
TABLE 8.3 FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF 6-HQUR AVERAGES
9/ 4/70 TO 12X 1/70
ABOVE
OZONE QXIDANT
GAS PH COUL
OXIHANT
COLOR
__SQ2
COLOR
S02 _
FPD
S_02
GOUL
S02. -SQZ - .-_Nfl2-_
COND GC-FPD COLOR
-.0050
-.0020
0.0000
.0025
.0050
.0100
.0150
.0200
.0300
.0400
.0500
.0750
.1000
100 .UQ
99.70
83.09
66.47
55.19
44.^1
35.01
29.67
20.77
13.65
10.68
7.72
4.75
X
ft
/c
X
a/
a/
n
a/
/9
/ft
e/
tt
•A
ay
n
n
98.02
92.69
Pi. 52
64.36
54.79
40.26
?2.0l
25.08
15.84
11.88
9.57
5.28
2.31
x 100
X I" 0
X 99
X ~82
X 65
% 47
X 35
55 27
X 15
X 11
X 8
X 3
X 1
.00 X
.00 x
.70 x
.83 •{
.96 X
.<29 X
.24 X
.41 X
.66 X
.75 X
.43 X
.92 X
.81 X
97.
97.
93'.
90'.
86.
80.
70 :
6i :
42.
31.
23V
12.
8f.
69 X
54 X
33 X
88 x
67 -
00 X
88 X
75 %
81 X
58 •£
36 %
63 X
77 X
96.79 X
89.56 X
80.32 X
61.85 X
51.81 X
3Z.35 X
24.J.O x
18.47 X
7.. 63 X
4. 02 %
1-61 X
O.QO X
o.oo x
92.05 X
86.85 X
81.35 X
74.31 X
65.75 X
44.34 X
18.96 X
8.56 X
1.22 X
.31 X
.31 X
0.00 X
0.00 X
91.85 X
87.46 X
84.33 X
78.37 X
74.29 X
58.^2 X
44.20 X
32.60 X
16.61 X
7.84 X
1.25 X
.31 X
.31 X
100.00 X
99.37 X
90.51 X
78.16 X
68.35 X
55.70 X
46.52 X
37 , 66 X
20.89 X
13.29 X
6.33 X
2.53 X
0.00 X
99.39
97.55
96.33
90.83
79.20
47.40
25.6.9
13.76
4.59
1.83
.92
o.oo
0.00
X
X
X
X
X
X
/O
X
X
X
X
X
X
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
99.64
99.28
99.28
98.57
94.27
87.46
81.00
56.63
33.69
ft
X
X
n
X
X
X
V
V
/t
X
X
X
*/
.1250
.1500
.2000
.3000
.4000
.6000
.8000
1
U
0
0
0
U
.48 X
.59 X
.00 %
.00 X
• UO X
.00 '/,
.JO X
.33
.33
0.00
Q.OO
0.00
G.OO
0.00
/a
/a
X
/O
%
a/
/*
/o
.60
.60
0.00
0.00
O.UO
0.00
0 .00
as
n
X
X
a/
rt
/o
5.26
2-11
.'35
0.00
or.oo
0.00
o.oo
/o
X
%
X
X
ey
O.UO
o.oo
O.QO
Q.QO
Q.OO
O.QO
Q.QO
X
X
av
ft
tv
/a
X
X
1
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
o/
/•
X
X
/o
X
X
0.00
o.oo
o.oo
o.oo
O.QO
o.oo
0.00
ay
X
•y
X
/I
X
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
x
X
X
X
X
X
X
0.00
o.oo
0.00
0.00
o.oo
o.oo
0.00
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
19.00 X
12.90 X
3.23 X
0.00 X
0.00 X
o.eo x
-------
TABLE 8.4 FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF 12-HD.UR AVERAGES
9/15/70 TO 11/30/70
PERCENT
ABOVE
-.0050
-.0020~"
o.oboo
.0025
/oos'b
.OlOO
.0150
-— - -
.0300
~.04~00
.0500
.0"750
.1000
.1250
~" .15"00
.2000
.3000
~.40'00
.6000
:sooo~
OZOviE
CHEM
100.00 x
IQ'O.OO "%
94.05 %
71.43 X
" 6 4~~. 2 9" •/.
55.36 «
46.43 x
"~35. "l2 X
23.21 •{
17.86 X
14T88 "X
2.98 X
1.19 X
0.00 X
0.00 X
" 0.00 *
0.00 X
" 0.00 X
0.00 X
"~B~;OO"«"
OZONE
GAS PH
99.33 X
96.00 ",
85.33 X
66.67 x
60.00 x
52.00 x
40.67 x
28.67 x
19.33 X
12.67 x
10.00 X
1.33 X
0.00 X
0.00 X
0.00 %
O'.OO X
0.00 X
0.00 5!
0.00 K
~ oVoo~«~
OXIDANT
COUL
100.00 x
ibb~.o~o x
100.00 X
87.88 x
"72.73 X
56.36 ~
42.42 X
30.30 x
20.00 x
14.55 X
7.27 X
1.21 X
0.00 X
"o.oo x
0.00 X
O'.OO X
0.00 X
0.00 X
0.00 X
O'.OO X"
OXIDANT
COLOR
97.14 X
97.14 X
94.29 x
92.14 x
87.86 x
83:57 x
76-43 X
62:86 x
46.43 X
3g'. 86 x
15V71 X
7. '86 X
2~.'14 X
1?43 X
O'.OO X
oToo x
OVOO X
O'.OO X
"0~TOO x"
SQ2
COLOR
9Z-48 X
~9j.60~x
81.51 X
63.87 x
49.58 x
33-61 x
22-69 x
14-29 x
6.22 X
3.36 X
"Q . Q 0~ X~
Q.QO X
Q.QO %
Q.QO X
Q.QO X
Q.Q9 X
Q.Qfl X
Q.QO X
0.09 X
"orffenr
S02
FPD
91.98 -X
87.65 X
84.57 X
75.93 X
62.96 X
45.68 x
18.52 X
8.02 X
.62 X
0.00 X
0.00 X
0.00 X
0.00 X
o'.oo x"
0.00 X
0.80 X
0.00 X
0.80 X
0.80 X
"0.80 X
S02
COUL
92.41
86.71
84.18
80.3.8
79.32
56.96
44.30
32.9i
16.46
6.33
.63
fl.QO
O.QO
O.QO
O.QO
0.00
O.QO
O.QO
O.QO
ft. 00"
X
X
9f
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
%
%
*
X
%
*
x
S02
COND
100.00 X
99.37 X
92.41 X
79.11 X
70.89 X
58.23 X
47.47 x
36.71 x
22.78 X
11.39 X
6.33 X
1.90 X
0.00 X
0.00 X
0.00 X
0.00 X
o.oo x
0.00 X
o.oo x
o.oo x
SQ2
GC-FPD
100.00 X
98.78 X
98. 17 X
92.68 X
80.49 X
46.95 X
24.89 x
11-59 x
4.27 X
1.22 %
.61 %
O.QO X
0.00 %
0.00 %
0.08 X
0.00 X
O.QO %
0.00 it
0.00 *
O.QO X
N02
COLOR
100.00 X
100.00 X
100.00 X
100.00 X
100.00 x
100.00 x
99.27 x
98.54 X
93.43 X
87.59 X
81.75 X
59.12 X
35.04 X
19.71 X
9.49 X
.73 %
o.oo'x
0.00 X
0.00 X
-------
TABLE 8.5 F'€"
PERCENT
ABUVE
-.0050
-.0020
O.OUOO
.C0?5
.C05J"
.niP.
.Cl5u
.020J
.0300
.G4PO
.050J
.075L
.10CJ
.1250
".150J
.200J
-3COJ
.4uOO
.6uOO
.BCOo
OZC' c CZONE ""XIliANT
Ot :AC DH OOul
100-0: ;, li'G.OP •, 100. GO ;;
1 0 L' . J '" , i n L . 0 C
i o u . u ." - i ' L. . u r
95. .4 - 'o.un
~ 3*. J- ~<.t>7
oo . o7 fc . 67
54.7- - ,,.67
44.i* , 3?. 33
26. A~ - lo.OO
V.r2 ", 1.33
1.1- •„ 0.00
j.G" "- G.OO
i, . u i ", J . 0 0
j . „ 'i "' 0.00
j . u~? " *. o.oo
o.o: " o.oo
u . I, 0 ^ U . 0 0
u.u"1 '• J-00
J . t n " LI . 0 C
'J . u ' '{ u . 0 0
- mu.jo s
i n j . j r. «j
• =»7. 5£ !'-
9l.4o >;
7J.73 7,
. -, } 0 a/
•* ,' J • U U %
41.46 «
14.63 ?<
'•
a/
ft
y.
y.
"
y.
n
x
x
y.
"
%
s
"
x
*
/o
96.20 %
84-81 X
74.63 %
65.82 X
53.16 y.
40.51 X
21.52 X
11.39 X
7.59 X
o.oo •;
0.00 X
0.00 X
0.00 X
0.00 X
0.00 X
0.00 X
0.00 X
0.00' X
SQ2
GC-FPD
100.00 X
100.00 X
100.00 X
97.59 X
87.95 X
49.40 X
20.48 x
12-05 X
1.20 X
1.20 X
O.QO X
o.oo x
o.oo x
o.oo x
0-00 X
o.oo x
o.oo x
0.00 X
0.00 X
0.00 X
M02
COLOR
100.00 X
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
98.53
95.59
89.71
83.82
58.82
39.71
14.71
7.35
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
X
X
SO
X
X
X
X
X -----
X
/a
*
X
/ft
•/ '
X
X
tv ~
-------
REFERENCES
[1] C. E. Rodes, A. F. Palmer, L. A. Elf ers, and C. H. Norrls, JAPCA
19, 575-584 (1969).
[2] V. H. Regner, "On a Sensitive Method for the Recording of Atmos-
pheric Ozone," J. Geophys. Res. 6.5_, 3975-3977 (1960).
[3] J. A. Hodgeson, R. K. Stevens, and K. J. Krost, "Chemiluminescent
Ozone Sensor," presented at 156th Natl. Meeting, ACS, Atlantic City,
N. J., September (1968).
[4] G. W. Nederbragt, A. Van der Horst and J. Van Duijn, Nature, 206,
87 (1965).
[5] G. J. Warren and G. Babcock, Rev. Sci. Inst., 41, 280 (1970).
[6] P. W. West and F. Ordoveza, Anal. Chem., 3^, 1324 (1962).
[7] W. L. Cricler, "Hydrogen Flame Spectrometry," Anal. Chem., 3_7_,
1770-1773 (1965).
[8] S. S. Brody and J. E. Chaney, J. Gas Chromatog., 4^ 42 (1966).
[9] R. K. Stevens, A. E. O'Keeffe, and G. C. Ortman, "Absolute Calibra-
tion of Flame Photometric Detector to Volatile Sulfur Compound at
Sub-Parts-Per-Million Levels," Environ. Sci. Technol., _3, 652 (1969).
[10] R. K. Stevens, A. E. O'Keeffe, "Modern Aspects of Air Pollution Moni-
toring," Anal. Chem., 42_, 142A-148A (1970).
[11] M. B. Jacobs, M. B. Braverman, and S. Hochheiser, JAPCA, 9_, 110 (1959).
[12] N. A. Lyschkow, JAPCA, 15_, 481 (1965).
[13] "Selected Methods for the Measurement of Air Pollutant," USDHEW, R.A.T.
S.E.C., (1965).
[14] J. A. Hodgeson, B. E. Martin, and R. E. Baumgardner, "Laboratory Eval-
uation of Alternate Chemiluminescent Approaches for the Detection of
Atmospheric Ozone," Presented at the ACS Meeting, September, 1970.
[15] A. E. O'Keeffe and G. C. Ortman, "Primary Standards for Trace Gas
Analysis," Anal. Chem., 38, 760-763 (1966).
[16] F. P. Scaringelli, et al., "Evaluation of Teflon Permeation Tubes for
Use with Sulfur Dioxide," Presented in part at the AIHA Annual Meeting,
May, 1966.
[17] A. Hubaux, and G. Vos, "Decision and Detection Limits for Linear Cali-
bration Curves," Anal. Chem., 42, 849-855 (1970).
-------
[18] Department of the Army, "A Procedure for Evaluating Air Quality
Monitoring Instruments", Study No. 21-023-71, Joliet Army
Ammunition Plant, Joliet, Illinois.
[19] D. C. Thompson, "Decision Modeling" The Art of Scientific
Guessing," Machine Design, 132-141 (1970).
-------
APPENDIX A
COMPUTER PROGRAMS
The purpose of each computer program is described in Section 6.0.
These programs are too numerous and too complex to be useful in a
general report. They are, however, included in Copy No. 1 of this
report.
-------
APPENDIX B
AIR QUALITY DATA FROM 03> QX> S02, H2S and N02 INSTRUMENTS
B.I Five-Minute Data (Included in Copies 1-4 Only)
The output data from each instrument and the meteorological
sensors and the meteorological sensors is printed every five minutes
two hours per page. An example is shown on the following page. Mode
symbols are described in Table 5.1. The full data consisting of over
1000 pages from September 4 to December 1, 1970 is included in Copies
1-4 of the report.
B.2 Hourly Averages - Before Continuous Drift Corrections (Included
in Copies 1-4 Only)
The five-minute data was averaged for one hour to give the hourly
averages. Printout follows the same format except that it is condensed
to one day per page. This 90-page appendix is included only in Copies
1-4 of the report.
B.3 Hourly Averages - After Continuous Drift Corrections (Included
in Copies 1-4 Only)
B.4 Three-Hour Averages (Included in Copies 1-4 Only)
-------
APPENDIX B.5
Air Quality Data From 03> 0^, S02> HZS and N02 Instruments,
Six-Hour Averages
-------
SEP 1970
TIME n,
6-11
12-17
18-23
8- 5
6-11
13-17
18-23
0- 5
6-11
12-17
18-23
6- 5
6-11
ia-i7
18-23
8- 5
6-11
19-17
18-23
0- 5
6-11
12-17
18-23
6-11
12-17
18-23
B- 5
6-11
12-17
18-23
8- 5
6-11
13-17
18-23
8- 5
6-11
12-17
18-23
8- 5
6-11
12-17
18-23
6-11
12-17
16-23
0.
4
4.
4
_5_
5
_5_
5
6
6
6
0
7
7
7
7
a
8
.6
8
9
9
9
9
4
4
4
•?
5
S
5
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
9
8
8
a
9
9
9
y
CHEM
.0143
.0361
.0046
.0227
.0361
.05.63
.0301
0.0000
.0401
.0752
.0219
.0126
.0226
.0491
.0143
0.0000
.0121
--,.0154
.0041
O.OOOU
.0085
.0250
.0354
*»« H2S
GC-FPD
.0025
.0017
.0015
.0015
.0013
.0013
.0016
.U019
9.9999
.0001
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
.0019
.0014
.0017
.0017
.0020
.0013
.0017
.0019
.00^2
.0014
GAS PH
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
0.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
(PPM) »»»
COLOR
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9990
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
COUL
.0250
.0505
.P109
.0187
.0332
.0519
.0262
.0056
.0492
.0930
.0248
- OlP 1 .
.0274
.0544
.0179
.0110
.0152
.0321
.0118
.009b
.0291
.0342
.0217
AVERAGE
OX(PPM)
.0745
.0754
.0444
.0534
.0673
.0803
.0703
.0586
.0935
.1109
.0711
.0603
.0773
_ .545.4 _
.0063
.0009
.0211
.0067
.0035
.J027
.0326
.0107
.0139
»«««»»»* » QXIDANT (PPM> » »•«•«*««»«•«»»•«*» S02 (PPM) »*«*••»•»•»••»•»*•
COLOR
.1160
.1109
.0727
.0848
.1080
•J.009.
,1132
•JLSil
.1572
..2026
.1335
•1111
.1444
.0783
.0057
_rlS_6?.
rOl04
1.025.6
.0071
.0060
.0419
,0155
.0104
N02(PPM>
COLOR
• 1804
.1099
.0599
.0396
.0464
.0350
.0687
.1222
.0928
.0691
.0772
.0642
.1085
.0424
.0620
.0698
.1774
.0570
.0581
.0659
.2110
.0821 .
.U831
COUL COLOB
.OJ96 .1294
.'0394 .1113
.0104
.Oj83
.0275
.'0§03
.'0232
.0054
.'0447
.'Oc)83
•'0127
.'0065
:oi80
.'0313
VflQ91
-.0007
.0154
.0079
V?028
70010
vojsa
'.0140
VOJ52
SOLAR
RADIATION
CLANGLEYSf
99. ^99
785
;02
0?00
.51
.80
.'02
a?oo
.53
;si
:02
o.-oo
'.48
:sa
.-02
o:oo
;47
;79
.02
o;oo
.46
.77
.01
.0783
.0882
.1072
• 1104_
.1174
• 1118_
.1524
•1845
.1296
•U«_
.1365
.0596
.0834
.0023
.0266
.0856.
.0842
.0844
.0501
.0873
.0126
»•«» MIND
DIRECT
(DFqi
999:9
274:8
235'.'6
99.M
138 .'6
268:7
262.1
49.'2
7575
283.6
247 .'4
-160.Z.
195.1
291.1
262.8
235:4
248.6
281 :o
267. '0
239S7_
234.4
289:6
268.5
COLOR
.'00~67
-70032
-'.'8033
-.8055
-.8845
.0005
-:ooi7
-.002A
.'8040
'.0036
.0021
^.0032.
.'8003
.0028
.0046
70090
.0104
.0190
'.'0169
'.0159
?B109
-70082
-:0103
«»***
SEEED
(HPH)
999.9
7.2
3.5
3.5
2.2
8.4
3.6
2.2
6.1
4.6
1.6
1.2
7.6
4.3
1.1
2.2
7.9
3.9
. 1.1
1.9
7.3
4.1
PPD
9.9999
.0825
-.0025
-.0809
.0027
.8050
.0813
.0038
.8074
.0897
.8076
•_0023
.0058
.0094
.0055
.0107
.0081
.8191
.8839
.0049
.0139
.0205
.0879
- --
COUL
9.9999
979999
979999
919999
979999
979999
979999
979999
979999
979999
979999
9:9999
9.9999
9:9999
979999
979999
9:9999
979999
70836
J0044
70278
'.0493
.8118
TEMP
4MB
DOT
995. 99
17.99
17.16
19.43
22.27
19.28
17.54
22.87
29.63
2^.38
18.91
2Q.75
2^.95
16.97
17.95
20.55
23.62
17.93
17.31
28.59
25.07
19.86
COND
9.9999
.8696
.8211
^0166
.8383
.8787
.0274
.8262
.0487
.0944
.8423
.0232
.0460
.0824
.8362
.8372
.0606
.0641
.0355
.8346
.8714
.0975
.8443
(DEC C)
DEM
POINT
999.99
12.43
12.89
12.45
11.26
11.58
11.84
18.63
8.83
6.64
12.46
14.43
14.30
14.98
14.46
14.63
13.64
13.53
13_j.4J^
13.85
14.04
14.42
GC-FPD
.0131
.0021
.0012
.0011
.0016
.0034
.0018
.8020
9.9999
.0113
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
.0883
.0036
.0068
.0055
.0108
.0025
.0024
.0089
.0167
.0040
AVERAGE
S02(PPMJ
• 0146
.0177
.0041
.0028
.0085
.0173
.0072
.0075
.0201
.0297
.0167
.0075
.0159
.0257
• Ot25
.0159
.0212
.0332
• 0125
.0124
.0266
.0333
• Otl5
-------
MOBILt VAN LOCATION = LOS ANGELES. CALIFORNIA
SEP 1970
T1ME-OAY
(PCT)
0- 5 10
*"11 1"
12-17 10
0- 5 11
^"11 11
18-17 11
la"23 11
8- 5 12
*"11 12
12-17 12
la"23 12
8- 5 13
6"1 1 1 3
I2"l7 13
8- 5 14
6~11 14
12-1? 14
1B-93 14
0- 5 15
6-11 16
12-17 15
18-23 15
e- 5 10
6-11 10
1B-17 10
18-23 10
8- 5 11
6-11 11
12-17 11
18-23 11
8- 5 12
6-11 12
12-17 12
18-23 12
0- 5 16
6-11 13
ia-17 13
18-23 13
8- 5 14
6-11 14
12-17 14
18-23 14
D- 5 15
6-11 15
12-17 _15
18-23 15
ChEh
o.oooo
.0979
0.0000
.0966
.0074
.0271
.-0.24.5
.0483
.0070
.0323
.0148
.049U
.01 1 n
.0019
.0225
.0854
.0030
»«* H2b (
GC-FPD
.Q_017 _
.0021
.U026
.0018
.0018
.0024
.0025
.0017
.0017
.0016
.U016
.0016
.0019
.u017
.0003
.U007
.0007
.U008
-.0008
-. J001
.0007
.0004
-.0011
-.UOOl
GAS PH
9-9999
0.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9-9999
9.9999
9.9999
9 • 99QQ
9.9999
9^.9299
9.9999
9-9999
9 . 9900
.0376
.0066
.11134
• 0413
-.0062
.0177_
.07,42
.C178
PP") »*»
COLOR
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
COUL
.0127
.0145
• 1037
.0107
.040 J
• 1047
. rii R4
.0320
.025-5
.0514
.0.229
•0134
.0278
•0142
• 0112
-0114
.0366
.m 09
.0080
.0342
.0759
.^109
AVERAGE
OX(PPM)
.0002
.0170
,0381
.0143
-.0001
-.0583
-.1331
-.1305
-.1403
.0425
.0301
.0033
.0104
.0123
.0074
.0057
.0061
.0185
.0054
.0008
.0224
.0601
.0058
COLOR
-.0009
-.0009
•1254
.0010
-.0831
-.2694
.05.17
• 0094
'0021
-.DQ47
-^0067
-.0020
-.OlOl
-.0042
.0038
.0519
TtOQ.91
N02(PPM)
COLQR
.1048
.1521
.0975
.0818
.0733
.2023
.1026
.0834
.0233
.033$
.0419
.0311
.0458
.0323
.0268
.0382
__.04lO
.0729
.0598
.0592
.0789
.1671
.0873
.0828
• QXJDANT 1
CQUL
•6P15
'• 8 1 1 1
V07.21
V0009
iO.J.93.
VOZ21
"flQAB
V0189
.0404
'.'0029
.'8237
.'OJ48
V0:25
VOJ42
.'6029
V0289
.07,01
.'9115 ...
SOLAR
(LANGLEYSf
0.00
.46
.77
ovoo
;73
0700
VI 3
.69
;oo
0:00
'.57
.01
0700
.42
.01
.46
.74
".01
1PPM) »
COLOB
-.0011
.0999
-.0011
-.1359
-.1069
- -2729
-.2800
-.995J
.0464
. ..Qj.35 -
• 0832
• 0008
-.0810
-.nflng
.0822
-.OB17
-.0811
.0160
.0531
- .O-O-Dl
«««» Nil
DlfiECl _
(DEG)
28.0.3
228.6
291.1
259.5
222.4
238'.'5
278'. 7
257'.3
160 :a
182 .'0
277V2
2_67V9
272.7
280 '.1
299. '7
281.3
222.'!
283.9
279'. 7
90.6
77.1
292 .'3
281V6
COLOR
~-:0049
-'.'0031
:0098
-.[0039
.0104
- .* 0 0 0 5
-'.'0012
-:ooo6
• 0 0 4 9
• D D 16
.'0069
-0024
'.0022
-:ooi2
'.0047
'.' n D n 4
'.0065
70075
.'0013
\ID »«***
— SEEEQ ._ .
-------
TIMF DAY
(PCT)
6- 5 16
6-11 16
12-17 16
18-23 16
0- 5 17
6-11 17
12-17 17
18-23 17
8- 5 18
6-11 18
12-17 18
18-23 18
B- 5 19
6-11 19
12-17 19
18-23 19
B- 5 20
6-11 20
12-17 20
18-23 20
8- 5 21
6-11 21
12-17 21
18-23 21
*»»*******«* 020NE (
CHE*
0.0000
.0423
.1154
.0035
-.0012
.0245
.1118
.0028
0.0000
.0246
.1157
.0115
-.0025
.0149
.1009
.0251
-.0005
.0113
.1111
.0183
.0086
.0203
.0731
.0386
GAS PH
-.0019
.0336
.1032
.0050
-.OQ11
•0132_
.0993
.0053
-.0010
. . .0196
.0931
.0093
-.0033
.0173
.0^06
.0209
.0041
.0174
.1195
.0190
.0084
.0187
.05.73
.0279
COUL
.0055
.0268
.1037
.0081
.0123
.0219
9.9999
9.9999
9'.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.'9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
COLOR
-.Ol06
.0025
.0677
-.0075
-.0026
.-0023
9,9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9*9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9*9999
9,9999
9.9999
9,9999
9.9999
9.9999
9*9999
9.9999
9,9999
9,9999
» QXJDANT
CQUL
.'0030
V0447
VOZ99
.0072
.0037
'.'3265
V0820
V0049
'.0261
.'Of61
VOQ59
'.0187
.'OZ59
'.'0230
.'8Q12
VGI28
.'1J44
'.'8168
.'OQ63
.'0165
.'0504
'.0323
(PPM) i •«••«•*»••*••••••« S02 (PPM) ••••••••••*•••••••
COLOB
-.OOOJ
.0449
.0619
~0038
.0885
.0209
.083?
.0611
9.9999
_S,_9_9_99_
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
.130Z
.0364
.0253
9.9999
.094Z
.0733
COLOR
-70039
-:0027
.0332
V0105
70218
70026
-r.'0027
"^0165
~!0013
.0139
9.V9999
9:9999
9V9999
959999
20121
'.'0007
V0026
-.'0000
;0058
.'0002
FPD
.0078
.0129
.0277
• 0J)64_
.0141
.0280
.0205
. 0058
.0029
'0*53
.0135
. .OJLQa
.0049
.0207
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
COUL
V0190
:0299
501B2
io5S2
70316
70008
~.0l98
70030
70079
¥0319
70289
¥0048
'70238
70146
70062
J0122
:0142
70168
T0071
COND
.0191
.0329
.0611
.0154
.0261
.0478
.0463
.Of 72
.0128
_ _«.Q4Ji3
.0464
.0066
.0082
.0501
.0556
.0069
.0288
.0209
.0292
.0053
.0125
.0158
.0282
.0074
GC-FPD
.0074
.0121
.0260
.0061
.0097
.0200
.0164
.0059
•0104
.0115
.q038
.0050
.0168
.8184
.0050
.015* ,
.0116
.Q162
.0060
.0091
.0093
.0086
.0053
fl- 5 16
6-11 16
1B-17 16
18-23 16
B- 5 17
6-11 17
1B-17 17
18-23 17
B- 5 18
6-11 18
12-17 18
18-23 ia
0- 5 19
6-11 19
12-17 19
18-23 19
B- 5 20
6-11 20
12-17 20
18-23 20
0- 5 21
6-11 21
12-17 21
18-23 21
•*« H2b
GC-FPD
.0008
.0011
.001)4
.0001
.0010
.0020
.0025
.0015
.0011
.0023
.0030
.0021
.0019
.0030
.0025
.0017
.0025
.0019
.00^9
.0027
.0027
.0026
.1)02:0
.0005
(PPM) «««
COLOR
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
-.0015
-.0004
.0008
.gojs
.0010
.0019
.0022
.0024
-.0015
-.OOJ.O
-.0007
-.0005
-.00.04
-.0003
-.0003
-.0002
-.1)004
-.0002
AVERAGE
OX(PPM)
.0014
.0448
.0709
.0052
.0037
.0175
.0514
.0058
.0030
.0242
.0904
.0161
.0059
.0187
.0759
.0230
.0012
.0128
.1226
.0266
.0158
.0219
.0689
.0528
N02(PPM)
COLOR
.1740
.2221
• 1159
.1438
.2308
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
SOLAR
RADIATION
(LANGLEVS)
QVOQ
745
772
701
0700
771
701
0780
J44
774
701
0700
744
777
701
0700
746
. . . _ .'73
701
0700
.41
.70
.01
»«*« HIND
_Dlfi£Cl_
(DEG)
9e:i
26172
201.4
299'. 0
283.9
258 '.5
22871
297V4
28571
232,3
177.7
294 .'4
271.4
149.5
156.1
273.6
265.9
147.3
284.7
276.5
*>»**
(HPH)
1.5
6.6
2.6
2.4
3.9
l.l
2.7
6.2
4.7
1.6
1.3
6.3
3.8
1.8
6.8
3.0
2.3
2.4
_6.8
3.1
IEMP (DEG C)
4MB DPU
- -
OUT
21.37
95.95
20.03
18.19
20.00
2$.8i
If. 19
17.25
19.44
25.00
12.46
1Z.78
23.77
1Z.7B
16.96
18.29
23.99
If. 03
17.95
19.13
2^.24
19.49
PBINT
11-73
10.38
11-87
12.79
11*88
12.52
13,64
13*93
ll.Ol
13.86
11.27
12.61
19.30
11.86
11.18
12.37
12.48
11.88
10.30
11.99
13.18
13.05
-12...89
13.58
AVERAGE
S02(PPM)
.0099
.0182
.0390
.0085
.0*73
.0353
.0273
.0081
.0043
.0218
.0216
.0031
.0055
.0336
.0343
.0056
.0227
.0156
.0199
.0046
.0091
.0098
.0149
-------
MOBILc VAN LOCATION = LOS ANGELESt CALIFORNIA
SEP 1970
- __ TIWE :
(PCT)
0- 5
12-17
16-2-"?
0- 5
6-" 1 1
12'17
0- 5
12-17
1 a - M-
i W t, "
a- s
12-17
0- 5
6-11
12-17
B- 5
6-1 1
12-17
18-93
fl- 5_
6-11
12-17
18-23
8- 5
6-11
12-17
18-23
a- 5
6-11
18-17
18-23
0- 5
6-11
18-17
18-23
8- 5
6-11
12-17
18-23
8- 5
6-11
12-1.7
18-23
DAY
ChEil
22 0.0000
22 Q.flnOii
22 .0863
22 • flD4t>
23 0.0000
23 Q • 0 0 0 u
23 .0942
23 . .0032
24 0.0003
24 .1049
24 - 0 0 65
25 .0026
°& QrQOPU
25 -1786
25 0 tlP 00
26 O.OUOU
26_ ,0(1^2
26 .1016
?A .00.7ft
27 0.0000
27 .Ol5b
27 .0771
27 .5077
«*» H25
GC-FPD
22 .0009
22 .0017
22 .0024
22 .0044
23 .OJ123 _
23 .0014
23 .0014
23 .0006
24 .0118
24 .0023
24 .0023
24 .0014
25 .0011
25 .0016
25 .0021
25 .0022
26 .0020
26 .0021
26 .0015
26 .0004
27 .0003
27 0.0000
27 -.0006
27 O.QOQO
GAS PH
-.0013
.0676
J3Q74.
.0008
.0893
-.0004
.Oi7Q
.0881
.0062
.0034
- Od4i
0.0999
.0040
.0983
.0031
.0054
.025?
.0864
• OJ41
(PRM) ««*
COLOR
-.0001
u.OODO
.0001
.0002
,QQ_D3
.0004
.0033
.0033
.0035
.0041
.0049
.0050
.9056
,004.7
.0049
.0052
.0054
. ..0023
.0056
,P059 .
.0061
.0,0.26.
.00*5
: (PPM) ...
COUL
9.9999
Q.OQQO
.0753
.0157
.0969
-Ol70
»*»»»*«*
.0091
.0146
.Bi35
.0167
-0.210
.0163 •
.0138 . .-
.0085
.0179
-0075
.0055
.Oi50
-nl!4
.0156
.0113
.0061
.0033
.0058
AVERAGE
S02(PPH)
.0355
.0237
.0147
.D208
.0299
.0207
.0*39
.0201
.0969
.0101
.0285
.01*7
.0148
.0249
• QJ51
.0176
.0144
.0056
.0066
-------
MOBILE VAM LOCATION = LOS ANGELES; CALIFORNIA
SEP 1970
- ^ __ —
TIM£_QAY
(PCT)
0-~Y 28
6-11 3H
12-17 28
18-23 2b
0- 5 29
6-11 29
1B-17 29
18-23 29
8- 5 30
12-17 30
18-23 30
B- 5 28
6-11 28
13-17 98
18-23 28
fl- 5 39
6-11 29
12-17 29
18-23 29
B- 5 30
6-11 30
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.0096 9.9999
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0.9999
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9.9999
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9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
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.0112
9.9999
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9.9999
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.0218
.0175
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_ .0137
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.0187
.0207
9.9999
.0233
.0183
.0415
.0792
.0559
.0367
.0283
.0923
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COLOR
.0148
.0191
0.9909
.0321
.0272
9j9299
.1163
.0700
.0541
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9,9999
9.J.2S9
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COLOR
._1D3_S
.1016
.0934
.1080
.0987
.0854
.0860
.1707
.1909
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.1349
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9.9999
9..?9_9J9_
9.9999
.0077
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.0267
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(LANGLEYS)
.-.01 _
.45
:62
-.00
-.00
775
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0:00
.40
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(PPM) * <
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.0182
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9.9999
.0389
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.1101
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9.9999
9^.9999
••»* MIND
BLR£CT
(OEG)
___47^6
78 .'1
292.0
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118.1
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9.9999 .0095
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9.'9999 .0104
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9 '.9999 .0061
9. '2599 9,9999
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.'0144 .0164
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(HPH)
_3_.8_
3.7
7.1
2.4
3.0
4.7
3.1
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1.9
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:0248 9.9999 .0048
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9^9999
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70267
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OUT
21.-61
28.18
32.17
26.89
2J.16
30.24
3t .18
25.17
9\ .91
24.58
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22.69
9.9999
9^9999
9.9999
9.9929
9.9999
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DEW
POINT
-.66
-.82
1.72
2.87
1.31
6.88
7.41
9.14
1 a.D4
8.53
7.67
9.57
.0089
.0070
.0079
. J11JJ3- ..
.0209
.H07.7
.0151
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.0133
.0083
AVERAGE
S02(PPM)
.0131
.0240
.0142
.0$lO
.0109
.0224
.0803
.0077
.0996
.0183
.0148
.0060
-------
MOBILt VAN LOCATION = LOS ANGELES. CALIFORNIA
OCT 1970
— - _ TIME-DAY _
WIND
DIRECT
(DEG)
47.6
101.5
.._287l2_
196.7
69.4
110.6
2.58.4
246.3
213'.2
173.9
272', 3 _
272'.'2
223.6
222.3
288.1
261. '7
246. '4
243'. 4
272.1
2~7-5.2
231.5
178.7
284.8
299.5
9.'9999
9VS999
9.9999
9.9999
9~.9999
0.9999
9.9999
9.9999
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-'.00i6
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.0108
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..-2M&2-
."0007
70018
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SPEEU
(MPH)
1^6
5.8
2.2
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3.8
3.2
1.6
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3.1
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1.9
7.8
4.7
-2.6
3.5
6.9
4.7
3.5
6.6
6.5
FPD
.0117
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.0193
.0130
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.0164
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.0158
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:0330 .0143 .0.114
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70117
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10158
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TEMP
OUT"
20.23
23. 3B
29.39
23.02
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22.30
21*55
22.98
23.09
" 2gll9"
23.05
23.94
23.26
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19.87
19.58
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18.89
18.88
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8.74
6.90
7.87
IB. 93
13.70
10.44
16.52
16.80
16.50
14.92
16^05
15.72
15.27
14.65
14.35
14.04
13.87
14.10
12.93
13.79
13.48
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. .0.149
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.0300
.0188
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S02(PPM)
.0139
.0257
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.0350
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.9346
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.0061
.0164
.0062
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.0076
.0070
.008.8
-------
VAN LOCATION = LOS, ANGELES; CALIFORNIA
OCT 1970
•»«»»•«»«•»« o?ONE (PPM) »»*»«
. __ ILUE HAY
(PCT) CHEM 3AS PH COUL
0-57
6-11 7
12-17 7
18-23 7
0-58
6-11 8
12-17 8
18-23 8
0-59
6-11 9
12-17 9
16-23 9
0- 5 10
6-11 10
12-17 10
18-23 10
0- 5 11
6-11 11
12-17 11
18-23 11
B- 5 12
6-11 12
12-17 12
18-23 12
B- 5 7
6-11 7
13-17 7
18-23 7
B- 5 8
6-11 8
13-17 8
18-23 8
B- 5 9
6-11 9
12-17 9
18-23 9
B- 5 10
6-11 10
12-17 10
18-23 10
B- 5 11
6-11 11
12-17. 11
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0- 5 \i
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.0150
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9.9999
9.9999
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0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
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0.0000
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9.9999
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9.9999
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9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
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9.9999
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9.9999
9.9999
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9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
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.0275
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9.9999
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.0177
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.0288 .0262
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(DEG)
239.9
266.'6
283'. 9
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277'. 8
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4_.6
3.5
6.1
3.7
2.0
1.9
6.4
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1.5
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4.9
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OUT
18.04
18.33
21.63
18.30
16.33
19.21
26.34
20.93
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20.93
16.90
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23.71
20.89
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0.0000
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12.91
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11.03
12.16
10.52
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12.96
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8.46
11.66
14.04
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13.03
14.46
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13.43
13-06
13.13
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o.ooolj
.0086
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.0140
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.0144
.0137
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9.9999
9.9999
AVERAGE
S02(PPM)
.0016
.0085
.0103
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.0065
.0132
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.0083
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.0162
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.0106
.0143
9.9999
9.9999
-------
MOBlLb VAN LOCATION = LOS ANGFLES, CALIFORNIA
OCT 1970
_ . __tIME DAY
(PCT)
0- 5 13
6~11 17
12-17 13
18-9.3 u
8- 5 14
_ .. 6T11 14.
12-17 14
IS"?"* 14
0- 5 15
12-17 IS
19"?3 l*
8- 5 16
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1 B~°3 1 6
8- 5 17
A"ll I7
12-17 17
lfl-J>3 1?
0- 5 18
6-1 1 1 a
12-17 18
18-93 \&
a- 5 13
6-11 13
12-17 13
18-23 13
8- 5 14
6-11 14
12-17 14
18-23 14
8- 5 15
6-11 15
12-17 15
18-23 15
8- 5 16
6-11 16
12-17 16
18-23 16
8- 5 17
6-11 17
12-17 17
18-23 17
0- 5 18
6-11 18
12-17 lb
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9.9V99 9-9999
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9.9999
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251.1
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L.5
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. 0065
.0110
.0204
.0263
• 0065
9.9999
-:QQ46
;0004
tOQ63
-;oooi
-'.0049
70058
.0197
.0089
^D.020
-10038
.'fllflf,
.0088
-?00fl?
10117
•"117
70081
.0030
:0134
70257
.0307
700AO
9.9999
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
O.OQOO
0.0000
OtOOOQ
0.0000
Oa.Q.QQ.0.
0.0000
.nnno
.0004
0.0000
0.0000
.0011
.0310
.no?^
.0091
.0255
.0532
.0039
IEMP (DEG C)
4MB HPU
-
OUT
-18^6_
18.83
20.81
18.09
18.08
18.48
20.04
12.20
15.49
16.31
20.36
12.94
.18.1Z__
17.39
20.67
19.16
17.63
17.57
2.J.44
19.28
18.38
17.54
2*. 40
18.44
"OINT
12.72
12.01
11.96
12.49
12.33
11.. 77
10.95
10.62
9.99
10.19
11.97
12.07
_-12_LS4. .
12.19
12.51
12.66
12..g£
12.42
12.17
12.90
Iit79
12.18
12.32
12.70
9.9999
• 007Q
.Q076
,aoai
.0062
.qos?
.0072
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.0078
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.0023
-0003
.Q077
-0033
• Q083
.Q07B
• Q075
.0041;
.0088
.0168
.0225
.0065
AVERAGE
S02(PPM)
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
.0060
.0057
.0069
.0037
.0008
.0053
.0103
.0069
.0011
.0002
.0100
.0071
.0027
.0095
.0086
.0147
.0041
.0106
.0221
. .Q332__ . _
.0057
-------
M08LLE VAN LOCATION = LOS ANGELES. CALIFORNIA
OCT 1970
H
1 TIME DAY
1 (PCT)
8- 5 19
6-11 19
12-17 19
18-23 19
0- 5 20
6-11 20
18-17 20
18-93 90
0- 5 21
12-17 21
18-23 21
8- 5 22
6-11 22
12-17 22
18-23 2«>
0- 5 23
6-11 23
18-17 23
18-23 23
8- 5 24
6-11 24
12-17 24
18-23 24
8- 5 19
6-11 19
12-17 19
18-23 19
0- 5 20
6-11 20
12-17 20
18-23 20
B- 5 21
6-11 21
12-17 21
18-23 21
8- 5 22
6-11 Zi
12-17 22
18-23 22
0- 5 26
6-11 26
12-17 23
18-23 23
Q- 5 24
6-11 24
12-17 24
18-23 24
CHEN
• OZll
.0123
.0623
.034^
.0154
..0.116.
.0310
.0034
0.0000
.OO.QS
.6i2a
.0042
o.oooo"
.0035
. 0^:07
.00i7
0 .OUOU
.0037
.0130
.0034
.0006
.0036
.0315
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*»» H2S
GC-FPD
.0021
.0019
.0030
.0028
.0031
.0032
.0023
.0024
.3023
.0036
.0029
.0024
.0029
.0034
.0007
.0006
.0016
.0024
.J024
. J009
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!j019
GAS PH COUL COLOR
.0153 .0225 .0303
.0107 .0119 .0230
.0466
.0232
.0109
,0086
• C216
• 0129
.0004
• 0012
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.0030
-.0000
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.0213
.0014
-.0003
_ __.002_7
.0121
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.0004
.0039
.0287
.0040
(PPM) «*»
COLQR
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9,. 9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
S.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9099
.0006
.3004
.000?
.OOU4
.UOD7
.0355
.0285
.0148
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.0253
.00?5
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__.0l87
• 0112
.0040
.0129
.0197
.0009
.0045
.003o
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
AVERAGE
OX(PPM)
.0174
.0230
.0573
.0381
.0199
.0165
.0319
.0140
.0071
.0038
.0071
.0038
.0007
.0023
.0182
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• 0.00?
.0028
_ .Q192_
.0109
.0076
.0079
.Q342
.0139
.0486
!"026l"
,0.2(19
.0341
.0123
.0066
.0219.
°.9999
9.9299
9.9999
9.999?""
9.9999
9.9999
9.9?99
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
N02(PPM)
COLOR
.0502
.1095
.0801
.0722
__._06S4_
.0632
-.-. 06Q3_
.0642
.0682
.0967
_ .0611
.0544
.0594
.0823
.0758
.0675
.0_76.5
.0778
9.99_?9
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
* QXJDANT
CQUL
.0109
'.Oj.03
.0457
:0274
.'OQ86_
.0243
.0056
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• 00.10
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.'0182
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~.OQO~8
.0028
.'0117
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"ale
.'0252
.'0058
SOLAR
RADIATION
(LANGLEYS)
0.00
753
O.'OO
0700
.23
•44.
OVOO
o;oo
.18
742
0700
0700
-.27
.41
O.'OO
720
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0.00
0700
.23
.36
.00
(PPM) » »««««»«***»»»****« S02 (PPM) »»»••»•*••«•••••••
COLOB COLOR
.0239 9.9999
jQJiST. 9^9999
.0689
.0489
.0291
,0244
.0394
.0131
.0116
9.9999
9.9993
9.9999
9.9999
r .9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
.0265
.0173
.0132
.0139
.0432
.0220
««*S HIND
DIRECT
(DEG)
181.7
181.4
275. '5
288.1
143.6
149. '9
279,5. .
274.0
104.7
108.0
.28.2.6
263.3
132.7
125.9
275.8
33.4
60.0
83.7
259.4
287.4
192T3
171.7
269.2
279.5
.0016
-.0013
.0029
.0025
.0006
-.'0016
.0036
.0208
.0069
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.0061
toi!4
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
979999
9^.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9J9999
979999
*«***
SEEEH
(MPH)
.1.7 _
1-9
6.8
4.0
1.4
4.1
8^0
3.7
1.3
1.9
1.9
4.9
1.6
2.2
7.4
3.1
2^9
-7_. 3
5.5
5.8
3.2
FPD
.0145
, 011.4
.0139
• 0119
.0120
.0076
.0048
-.0013
.0045
.0165
.0032
-.0050
-.0038
.0058
-.0025
-.0070
-.0068
.0001
.0045
-.0050
-.0063
.0057
-.0047
-.0077
COUL
.0180
:0174
.0118
.0052
.0092
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70055
70019
.0123
.0316
.-0104
• OOJ.7
.0085
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.0091
.0077
.0118
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;00l3
'.0058
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.0073
COND
.0141
.0154
.0167
.0048
.0072
.0079.
.0061
.0003
.0057
.0260
.0107
.0003.
.0036
,0172
.0092
.0023
.0066
.0125
.0088
.0001
.0010
.0028
.0003
IEMP (DEG C)
AMB DEM
-
OUT
1Z-Z3
18.29
20.87
18.19
17.68
18.58
19.50
12.07
16. OB
17.29
18.67
16.65
14.7ft
16.69
18.50
16.88
16.68~
18.16
JJL.Z5 ..
17-52
19.32
17.20
PBINT
12.61 _
11.95
12.21
12.44
11.02
11 .48
10.98
10.41
11.74
1,0.65
10.97
It. 42
8.10
11.12
"9.16
12*17
12.73
12. .3.4
11.86
10.80
11.21
GC-FPD
.0122
.0110
.0095
.P070
.0081
..0489
.0062
.0030
.0079
.0226
.0099
• 0044_
.0201
.0155
.0075
.0052
.0220
.0116
.0116
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.0038
.0163
.0094
.0048
AVERAGE
S02(PPM)
.0147
.0138
.3^07
.0055
.0079
.0071
.0046
.0007
.0068
.0235
.0082
.0007
.0069
• 0154
.0061
.0021
..Mfl.4
.0099
• Q1S1
-.0002
.0011
• 0131
.00.3J
.0007
-------
MOBILt VAN LOCATION = LOS ANG?LE3,
06T 1970
TIME-DAY
(PCT)
0- 5 25
6"11 21-
12'17 25
1 a-57 o>5
0- 5 26
fi-11 26
12-17 26
1B~2* Z*
0- 5 27
_ _. 6= 1^-27
12-17 2?
4 fl-Dt 07
0- 5 28
12~l7 2d
l8~23 36
0- 5 29
6"11 29
12-17 29
lfl-J.7 53
0- 5 30
6-11 30
12-17 30
18-23 30
D- 5 P5
6-11 25
13-17 ?5
18-23 25
8- 5 26
6-11 26
12-17 26
18-23 26
B- 5 27
6-11 27
12-17 27
18-23 27
B- 5 28
6-11 28
12-17 28
18-23 28
8- 5 29
6-11 29
12-17 29
18-23 29
8- 5 30
6-11 30
.. _ . 12-17., 33
18-23 30
CriFM
0.0000
.noRy
.0542
O.OOOC
,M4.7
.0260
n .no nil
-.OOOj.
_ .OU46
.0323
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o-OuOo
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. -OjJUJ-QU
0.01)0*
.0125
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.OOCo
.0059
.0481
.0.00.1
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G = 22
.u020
.0028
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. J036
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.1)019
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
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GAS PH
-.0003
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• 00.49
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-.0001
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COLOR
-.1 0.20.7
.U006
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.1593
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.0048
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. ,1060
.0066
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.0383
.3011
.U082
.0092
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.0102
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.1)132
.0140
.0142
COUL
9.9999
Q . QOOO
9.9999
9 . 99.99
9-9999
9.9995
9.9999
9.9000
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
. Q 1 24
• 0145
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• Oi05
.0306
. n .< n n
• 0312
.066b
.0115
AVERAGE
OX(PPM)
.0120
.0489
.0171
.0196
.0.376
.0133
.0141
.0221
. ..0353..
.0024
.0013
.0074
.0308
.0112
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.OlcO
.0442
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.0530
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COLOR
9.9999
9 . 0999
9.9999
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9.9999
9.9999. _
9.9999
o .0090
3.9999
9.9999
9.9999
. 3079
3.0999
.0092
.320.9
.0559
.0535
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.0867
,0352
N02(PPM)
COLOR
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.99J?
.0678
.0701
.0912
.1179
.0977
.0593. .
.0801
.156.6
.1845
.1735
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.1013
« OXIDANT
COUL
.0049
.'0434
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• 0272
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.Q1152
.0250
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. o (i ^ fo
.0005
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SOLAR
(LANGLEYS)
.33
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0700
735
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.47
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•016Z
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.0543
. 0974
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.0324
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.0382
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9.9999
.0193
.0054
.0175
.0651
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*«»9 MIND
(DEG)
4712
111.8
?64. H
97'. 0
10170
266.3
49.5
97 (<5
304'.2
54.1
73.9
227.4
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155.5
285.0
91.9
COLOR
9:9999
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9.9999
9.^9999
9.9999
9.^.9999.
.0017
:n073
.0134
Itt2.44
.0181
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-0209
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.0215
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****«
SPEED
(MPH)
1.4
fi.9
1.9
1.8
2.3
.5.9
2.2
3.4
2.5
- fi.2 _
2.4
_2_. 5
2.5
1.4
2.8
i.8
2.8
4.1
.7
_ -..9
1.2
6.3
2.2
FPD
-.0074
-• nn71
-.0061
- , 0015
-.0012
.4043
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• OlOl
.0181
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• 3038
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-.0006
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COUL
.0144
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.0067
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.0179
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'.0077
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.0289
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.0158
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:02S9
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• 0.46.7
.0494
SJ122Q
TEMP (DEG
AWB
OUT
15-32
15.56
19.52
15.75
12.1.07
11.15
20.33
16.25
13.8*
16.36
1?.35
16.13
26.56
2Q.OO
1S..-40 -
21.77
18.33
14.71
20.34
16.84
COND
.0025
.0058
.0061
.0091
.0147
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.0344
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.0123
.0166
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.0077
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C)
DEW
POINT
lir 1?
9.07
7.33
6.25
4.76
4.98
A.iJL.
6.98
3.61
-6.48
-5,57
-9.11
-8.75
-7.88
-3.0_6
-7.92
-6.31
-2*44
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-2.85
5,36
4.36
GC-FPD
.0099
.0116
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.0061
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.0.257.
.0211
, 0.155
.0190
.0117
.0160
• 0228
9.9999
Q. OOOO
9.9999
9.9999
.0226
-.0001
AVERAGE
S02(PPH)
• 0049
.0104
.0067
.0136
.0159
.01)40
.0108
.0*60
.0288
.0184
.0154
.0184
.0176
.0104
.0180
.0166
.0167
.0339
.0367
.0347
.0408
.0136
-------
MOBILE VAN LOCATION = LOS ANGELES. CALIFORNIA
OCT 1970
H?a
B- 5 31
6-11 31 .UObl
13-1.7 3j .UObS
18-23 31
COLOR
.0147
.0159
.0153
.0149
CCUL
.0135
. . .0389.
.0828
.03*3
AVERAGE:
OX(PPM)
.DJ.87
.0483
,0917
.0178
COLOR
.3356
,"6i.3_
.Il5b
,0299
N02(PPM)
COLOR
,0.947
.1439
,0966
.0895
» OxIPANT
COUL
.0026
. 0255
^0~703
.0028
SOLAR
RAqlATION
-------
MOBILt VA,M LOqATIG" = LOb ANGELES, ("AL I FORlMl A
NOV 1970
TIM£_.QAY
(PCT)
0-51
6-1 j i.
12-17 1
iBrai -i
0-52
6-11 ?
12-17 2
•« fl™m o
B- 5 3
- — _£-n_ 3
12-17 3
0-54
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18-17 4
ia-0-* n
0-55
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12-17 5
^H-93 5
8-56
6-11 6
12-17 6
18-23 b
CHEN
0 .0000
.n^p7
.11^0
.OQQS
0.0000
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.046"?
.nani
., .OUU.
.OJQ7
.023,5
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• OU?.;
• n n i j
.0222
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0 . OuO j
J1D32
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n . n n n r.
.0004
.Q010
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• 1P41
.0009
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."134
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.0001
• CU16
.P202
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_iOQ2Ji_
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.0053
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. • OQHJ_
*»* H2S (PPM) »»*
a- 5 i_
6-11 1
12-17 1
18-23 1
0-52^
6-11 2
12-17 2
18-23 2
8-53
6-11 4
18-17 3
18-23 3
8-54
6-11 4
12-17 4
18-23 4
8-55
6-11 5
18-17 5
18-23 5
0-54-
6-11 6
12-17 6
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.0069
.0067
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.U055
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-.0021
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3.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
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9.9999
9.9999
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.0239
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AVERAGE
OX(PPM)
J.3.4Q_
.0723
.1134
.0121
.M84.
.0174
.0362
.0049
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.0062
.0342
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COLOR
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9.V999
0 . 0 9 9-9
9.9999
9.9999
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COLOR
lisas
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9.9999
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• OXIPANT (PPM) •
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- IDJIIB -
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SEEED
(MPH)
_»a
.8
1.8
1-3
3.1
5_.5
2.4
1.1
3.8
2.3
1.5
5.3
1.9
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2.6
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3.6
6.3
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.0084 ?0435 .0283
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.0152
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TEMP (DEG
AMB
OUT
._JJ*ILO — -
18.80
99.71
21.09
99.72
22.65
21-37
26.87
30.4*
20.23
18.61
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18.38
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1.77
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11.80
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11.29
11-67
11.56
11.66
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18.60
IB. 57
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18.41
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10.41
11.63
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.0122
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.0079
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.0054
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.0049
.0082
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AVERAGE
S02(PPM)
-0?7'
.0308
.(1966
.0175
-0217
.0307
.0957
.0024
.0*39
.0292
.0*62
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.0078
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L~
-------
MOBILE VAN LOCATION = LOS ANGELES: CALIFORNIA
NDV 1970
T_LM£ DAX
CPCT) CHEM
6-11 7 .0042
12-17 7
18-23 7
0-58
12-17 8
1 B-93 H
0-59
6-11 9
12-17 9
18-23 9
0- 5 10
6-1 1 10
12-17 10
18-23 10
B- 5 11
6-11 11
12-17 11
18-23 11
B- 5 12
6-11 12
12-17 12
18-23 12
B- 5 7
6-11 7
12-17 7
18-23 7
B- 5 8
6-11 8
12-17 8
18-23 8
8-59
6-11 9
12-17 9
18-23 9
B- 5 10
6-11 10
12-17 10
18-23 10
B- 5_11_
6-11 11
12-17 11
18-23 11
B- 5 12
6-11 12
. 12-17 12
r 18-23 12
.0188
0.0000
0.0000
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.030^
o.noofl
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__.Qv)7«l
.0262
.0001
.0096
9.9999
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9.9999
9.9999
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.0049
.0089
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.0037
.0042
.1)048
.1)053
.0047
.0046
.0063
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.0063
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.0069
.0058
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.0098
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»i»«« O^ONE (PPM) ««•*•••••»»*
GAS Pri COUL COLOR
-.0000 -.0012 .0093
.0069 .0060 .0479
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-.0001
.0144
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.04.27
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-.0002
.0062
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(PPi-1) »»*
COLOR
.0115
.0121
.0164
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.0236
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.(1003
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.0206
.0183
.0157
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AVERAGE
OX(PPM)
.Q.078
.0167
.0254
.0103
• SLlOQ .
.0227
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.0234
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9.0999
9.9999
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COLOR
.0485
.0301
.0426
.0466.
.0470
.0330
.1013
.0573
.0769
.0847
.0669
.0748
.1326
.1330
.0718
• 112JL
.1589
.1153
.0642
.0782
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.Q7Q4
.0915
* OXIDANT (PPM) •
COUL COL05
.d012 .0143
'.'0082 .0951
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SOLAR
RADIATION
(LANGL'EYS)
O.OJL
.42
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0.00
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748
0780
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743
733
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740
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9.9999
9.999i
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9991
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DIRfCT
(DEG)
246.8
193.9
283. '4
29.8
51.1
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72.8
61.0
95.6
293:7
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177.'0
280:2
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COLOR FPD
.0013 -.0023
_iO_033. -.OOJ.3
70036
.'0059
:0071
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.'0077
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(MPH)
~2.2
8.3
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3.0
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1.0
2.2
2.1
1.9
1.9
5.9
2.6
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2.1
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8.8
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S02 (PPM) •****•*****•*••*••
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TEMP (DE
AMB
OUT
2.0 -4JI
19.14
19.41
16.58
13.99
17.68
23.04
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15.65
20.63
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il» 0.0
10.41
9.36
8.01
7.04.
5.40
5.65
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3.38
1.49
10.32
9.54
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19.83
12.37
11.. 01
11.41
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11.92
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10.77
6,69
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-.0005
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.0146
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AVERAGE
S02(PPM>
-.0009
.0007
-.0020
.0026
.0038
.0029
-.0021
.0078
.0041
.0073
.0022
.0072
.0083
.0195
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.0016
.0078
.0219
.0265
.0055
.0249
.0200
.0087
.0109
-------
MOPlLr >/AiJ LOCATIO ' = LOS A"'ocLESf -ALIFOR.NI*
NOV 1970
. TIME QAY
(PCT) CnFii
0- 5
*-ll
12-17
18-93
0- 5
12-17
18-93
0- 5
6-11
12-17
B- 5
6"11
13 .0002
1.4 . nin.?
13 .0219
13 .0001
14 .0006
i4. ,QP30
14 .Ou63
14 .nuni
15 .0001
_15_ _ .Ollti
15 .0<|54
15- .0.0 0.2
16 9.9999
4A Q.OOOU
12"17 16 9>999y
18"Z3 1* 9.O900
B- 5
- e-n
12-17
18-93
B- 5
6-11
12-17
18-23
B- 5
6-11
13-17
18-23
B- 5
6-11
12-17
18-23
B- 5
6-11
13-17
18-23
0- 5
6-11
12-17
18-23
0- 5
0-11
12-17
18-23
B- 5
6-11
12-17
18-23
17 9-9999
17 .OOlH
17 .0223
17 .0007
18 .0004
18 .0050
Id .0320
18 .0004
»•»» H2S
GC-FPD
13 .0073
13 .0064
13 .0106
13 .0095
14 .0081
14 .0076
14 .0078
14 .0075
15 .0063
15 .0061
15 .0071
15 .0084
16 9.9999
16 9.9999
16 9.9999
16 9.9999
17 9.9999
17 .0092
17 .0071
17 .0016
18 .0029
18 .0075
18 .0014
IB -.0064
TA? Pri COUL
-.0005 .0107
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-.0002
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9-9999
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9.9909
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(PP.M) »*»
COLOR
_ ^OMZ . .
.0664
9.9999
9.9999
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9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
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9.9999
9.9999
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9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
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AVERAGE
OX(PPM)
.0087
.0326
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.0019
.0050
.0183
.0088
.0076
.0174
.0345
.0206
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
.0410
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COLOR
-.0020
.0?23
9.9999
9.°.999_
9.9999
9_,99S9
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.0049
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9.9999
2j.99.29.
9.9999
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9.9999
0,2999
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.0744
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COLOR
.0831
.1354
9.9999
9.99?9
9.9919
9.9999
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9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.99f9
.2100
.1319
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.1563
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> OXJDANT (PPM) »
CQUL COLOB
.'0005 -.0835
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RADIATION
(LANGLEYSf
0,OQ_
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«*«( HIND «*»»*
DIRECT . S£EED
-------
MOBILE VAM LOCATION
LOS ANGELES; CALIFORNIA
NOV 1970
«***»«««»«»« OZONE (PPM) •»••*•*•»*«»
TIME DAY
(BCT)
0- 5 19
6-11 19
12-17 19
18-23 19
0- 5 20
6-11 20
12-17 20
18-23 20
0- 5 21
6-11 21
12-17 21
18-23 21
9- 5 22
6-11 22
12-1? 22
18-23 22
B- 5 23
6-11 26
12-17 23
18-93 ?3
B- 5 24
6-11 24
12-17 24
18-23 24
6- 5 19
6-11 19
12-17 19
18-23 19
B- 5 20
6-11 20
12-17 20
18-23 20
B- 5 21
6-11 21
12-17 21
18-23 21
B- 5 22
6-11 22
12-17 22
18-23 22
8- 5 23
CHEM
.OOOfa
.0064
.0314
.003U
.000 6
.OJ91
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.0003
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.0364
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.0049
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-.0036
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.0149
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6-11 23 .0068
12-17 23 .U131
18-23 23 -.000*
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6-11 24
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COLOR
9.999J
9.9999
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AVERAGE
OX(PPM)
• Ql09_
.0257
.0440
-.0047
.Q009
.0130
.0377
.0138
.0082
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COLOR
.0762
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.0697
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.0990
.1063
.0990
.0304
.05JJ8
.0553
•060.2 __
.0665
.0320
.0341
.0714
.1219
.106.4
.1209
• 151?
.2167
.1760
.0773
• QXJDANT 4
COUL COLOB
.0029
:oi2fl
.'8373
.'0028
70Q29
70296
.'0065
V0032
.'OQ75
.0345
.0042
.0025
.B181
.'0456
V6039
.0027
70374
78063
.0072
.0088
.'OQ55
.0048 _..
SOLAR
RADIATION
(LANGLEYS)
0.00
.36
.28
0:00
0.00
.35
.27
O'.OO
0700
.20
0:00
0.05
!27
0.00
0.00
i-31
o.oo
0.00
.33
.27
O.DO
.0188
.0452
.0506
-.0123
-.oooz
• 0130
.0456
.0210
• 0132
.0157,
.0382
.0992
.0669
.0196
.0427.
.0126
.0109
10_3_21 _
.0577
.0252
.0325.
.0439
.0368
.0166
...4 rilNC
(DEG)
._ 76., 9_ _
104.3
2-7.6.5
164.5
130 '.7
101.3
.279.2
233.2
93'. 0
65.6
.290,9
356.3
_ 47.9
9.4
287.4
71.4
47.9
81.6
293.2
124.4
63_,9 .. _
172.4
?76.6
154.9
•»»*«*»«*»*•*•**•« S02 (PPM) *•»••••••»••»»•**»
COLOR FPD COUL COND
.0056 .0053 -70097 .0047
.'0115 .0094 -70013 .0120
:oi4i
.0199
.'0083
.0095
.0109
:0045
.0111
.0081
.'0036
.0002
.0047
.0036
-.0004
. ..0061.
.0073
.,'0115
:ooi7
.'0127
.0205
9. '9999
.'0444
**»**
(MPH)
1.1
1.8
4.8
2.5
1.9
3.3
. _5.2_
1.9
1.4
2.0
6.4
3.0
1.8
2.1
1.0
2.2
1.8
5.3
1.0
-1.4
2.2
5.1
4.0
.0127
• 0_161
.0067
.0083
.0088
.0019
.0074
.0058
.0020
-.0043
-.0008
._ -.O.PJ.1 .--
-.0045
.0015
.0028
.0074
.0020
.0076
.0129
.0235
.0520
.0131
- -
-
70020
70.003
-70122
-COM2
-.0052
.0052
-•00.51
-.0174
-.'0134
-:ooio
-.0199
.0071
:0049
_ JO 175.
.0038
979999
979999
979999
71051
V0363
TEMP
AMB
OUT
25iOO
17.88
2fi,$6_
1Z.62
16_.73_
16.37
18.63
17.76
15.93
15.55
12- 4i
13-55
14.42
17.31
16.69
14.30
16.86
2t.0.0_
16.73
12.67
14.24
19.58
20.82
.0415
.0213
_i0253_
.0272
.0188
.0269
.0254
.0188
.0116
.0203
.0113
,0214
.0251
"jT25B~
.0304
.0416
.0593
.0777
1P_277
(DEG C)
DEM
POINT
8.32
8.50
10.87
10.00
8.95
9.36
10.38
9.63
8.13
8.11
7.67
6,88
7.07
9.26
9.18
6.99
4.42
6.88
8.63
5.11
6.95
16.83
10.87
GC-FPD
.0131
.0146
.0128
.0172
.0117
.0129
.0093
.0119
. ._Pioe __
.0059
.0.0.72
.0098
.0090
-.0024
.0081
.0098
^"0
-------
w'JBILi= VAN LOCATION = LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA
NOV 1970
IIM£ .DAY
(PCT) CHEIS
0- 5 ?5 .0500
12~l7 25 ,005s
jB-23 Z^> .000,5
0- 5 26 .Dull
- - _ 6^14^26 . D12S
12-17 26 .Ol?i
18-93 9fi .001^
8- 5
12-1?
8- 5
8- 5
12-17
0- 5
6-11
12-17
18-93
B- 5
6-11
1 9-17
18-23
B- 5
6-11
12-17
18-23
B- 5
6-11
12-17
18-23
B- 5
6-11
12-17
18-23
0- 5
6-11
18-17
18-23
8- 5
6-11
18-17
18-23
27 .0004
?7 ,Q067
27 .0106
27 .110(14
28 .0026
og . nflR^.
28 .0057
op . nm.i
29 'On9
£9 .11077
29 .0045
90 .11034
30 .0017
30 .0037
30 .0063
30 .0009
»»» H2S (
GC-FPD
95 .0038
25 .0055
9<5 .0070
25 .0060
96 .11063
26 .0066
26 .0059
26 .0076
27 .0113
27 .0113
27 .0096
27 .0091
28 .0097
28 .0101
28 .0103
28 .0115
29 .0117
29 .0123
29 9.999"
29 9.9999
30 9.9099
30 9.9999
30 9.9999
30 9.9999
GA^ PH COUL
.T466 .0468
.0051
-.00.137
.0002
.0127
.0174
.noon
-.0009
.0075
.0106
-.flOO.8
• 00l6
. nnan
.0049
.Oj.06
.0040
. n D 3 n
.0001
To 060
-.0006
PEM) *»»
COLOR
- .ojo_3__
.0002
-.qooo
.0007
..QJL21
.0026
.QE26
.0003
.0006
.UOQl
.012L
-.0004
.0010
.0022
.0031
.Q027
.0024
.0021
.0032
-.0001
.U.027
9.9999
.0177
..0042 _
.0023
~!oi47~
.001 8
.005
-------
MOBILfc VAN LOCATION = LOS ANGELES. CALIFORNIA
DEC 1970
(PCT)
0- 5
8- 5
CHE'I
1 .0004
«*» H2S
GC-FPD
1 9.9999
f?AS PH
-.OOli
(PPM) *»«
COLOR
-.9.9999
(PPM) ****«»«*****
COUL COLOR
9.9999 9.0999
AVERAGE
OX(PPM)
. -OOi6 -
COLOR
9.9994 .
. OxIDANT
CQUL
Q t' Q 9 Q 9
SOLAR
(LANGLEYS)
(PPM) * <
COLOB
9.9999
o oooo
«»** WIND
(DEB)
-_.. . .7.5.5
— __ —
COLOR FPD
9.9999 -.0087
9 ,9900 9 - 9909
• »»»*
(MPH)
2-4
S02 (PPM) »•»•••»•»••»»*»•••
COUL COND
.0000 9.9999
9,9999 o-oooo
TEMP
AttS—
OUT
It. 69
(DEG C)
DEH
POINT
. - 7.A9 .
SC-FPO
9.9999
0,0000
AVERAGE
S02(PPM)
r.0043
6~11 1 9-9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
99V99
999.9
999.9
999.99
999.99
-------
APPENDIX B.6
Air Quality Data From 0 , 0^, S02> H2S and N02 Instruments,
Twelve-Hour Averages
-------
MOBILE VAN LOCATION = LOS ANGELESJ CALIFORNIA
SEP 1970
»**«**»**.** OZONE fPPM) •**
TIME DAY
(PCT)
6-17 4
IB- 5 4
6-17 5
18- 5 5
6-17 6
18- 5 6
6-17 7
18- 5 7
6-17 8
18- 5 8
6-17 9
18- 5 9
6-17 10
18- 5 10
6-17 ll
18- 5 11
6-17 12
18- 5 12
6-17 13
18- 5 13
6-17 14
18- 5 14
6-17 15
18- 5 15
6-17 4
18- 5 4
6-17 5
18- 5 5
6-17 6
18- 5 6
6-17 7
18- 5 7
6-17 6
18- 5 8
6-17 9
18- 5 9
6-17 10
18- 5 10
6-17 11
18- 5 11
6-17 12
18- 5 12
6-17 13
18- 5 13
6-17 14
18- 5 14
6-17 15
18- 5 15
CHEM
.0273
.0137
.0462
.0150
.0576
.0173
.0356
.0072
.0138
.0020
.0166
.0177
. .0534
.0056
.0560
.0173
.0349
.0203
.0239
.0157
.0312
.0065
.0511
.0040
*** H2S
SO-FPD
.0020
.0015
.0013
.0017
.0001
9.9999
.0020
.0016
.0018
.0013
.0021
.0016
.0024
.0018
.0025*
.0017
.0016
.0017
iWlB****
.0007
".0001
.0003
-.0003
.0003
GAS PH
9.9g99
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9i99
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9,9199
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9?99
.026*1
-.0013
.Ojd3
.0030
(PP.M) *b«
COLOR
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9!9999
9.9999
9.9999
$.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
^ 9.9999
COuL
'0420
.0148
.0394
.0159
.0691
.0174
.0409
.0144
.0227
.0106
• 0312
.0172
.073.9
.0151
.0725
.0252
.. -0.41P
.0217
"70127
.0209
.0091
.0508
.0062
AVERAGE
OXiPPM)
.0751
.0489
.0738
.0644
.1014
.0657
.0613
,0036
.0139
.0031
.0217
.0070
.0526
.0071
-.0379
-.1318
-.0489
.0167
.0113
.0066
".0117
.0031
.0395
.0036 _
COLPR
.0787
,1056
• 1062
.0063
.0065
1.0313
-004.7
»OtQl
-.1T07
-.2697
.0084
->0057
-*0040
-.0022
.0256
-»0099
N02(PPM)
• QXFDANT
CQUL
78328
76*44
. 703.89
70*43
7051B__
78096
78042
70J16
78019
70Q83
. . 704.1-?
701*55
784.57
70*28
70*57
78*37
78^26
78Q77
78454
78Q72
S6LJAR
RKQKT10N
COLOR (LXNGIJEVS)
•1334
.0498
.0426
.0959
• 8610
.0707
.875.4
.0699
.1239
.0620
.1595
.8940
• 119Z
_.-flZ25 .
.1525
.0534
.0376
.0389
.0296
.0396
.667*
.0690
.1272
;as
701
.•65
967
781
964
983
762
701
901
759
J01
J41
741
.01
V57
V81
750
.'81
(PPM> i
COLOS
*0839
. 18H(J
.1146
• 1653
• 1219
'.0830
.0043
.0284-
.0852
.0639
.0882
- • 1214
-.2769
.0186
.0856
-.0009
.080J
-.0014
.032JL
.0000
.*.« HIND
DIRECT
27374
158 ?3
23374
34773
31777
19779
26570
24975
26671
25679
26778
- 2.3770
26672
24274
360*6
19573
222.3
i7276_ __
27675
29076
253?9
30175
310. '7
-356.5
<••••••*»**•»»•»*»
COLOR
70001.
-70044
-70020
-?0021
-70005
20416
70068
.0164
:ooii
-.'0076
00034
-V0008
70025
.0043
^70009
70049
70034
70050
-70025
*
eouL
979999
979999
3'.' 0000
9?9909
9.9999
9.9999
Q'.OOOO
70040
20J1IL
.0185
70145
Jons
.0099
ifioai
70099
70153
••••••«••**•*•••**
COND
.0631
.0188
t°4«7
.0268
• 0715
»0328
i "648
.0367
.0351
^0470
• 0842
.0446
.0454
.0136
.0041
-ll'l
.0118
.0313
.0140
TEMP »DFG ci
AMB
OUT
20.90
if .37
20.85
18.37
2*. 25
28.15
22.85
18.46
22.09
19.62
22.83
18.87
24.15
3L9.88_
23.89
19.19
20.96
12.77
19.34
12..41
19.55
16. 4P
2J.OO
12.69
DEW
POTNT
12*57
12-27
11*42
10.83
7.33
13.72
14.36
14.68
14..14
13.47
13.95
14.28
14.69
14.66
15.21
14.97
14.94
. .13^21
11.88
11^06
11.14
18.89
12.00^
. ac-FED -
.0011
.0019
• "113
9.9999
.0076
.0052
.9082
.0024
.0128
.0062
.0064
, 1*23(1
.0089
.0089
.0022
.0053
.0083
.0053
iVFRASF
S02(PPM)
.0165
.0034
.0129
.0074
.0249
.0121
.0208
.0142
.0272
.0125
.0299
.0145
.0332
.0142
.0359
.0156
.0147
.0092
.0078
*QOl4
.0093
.0056
.0170
j; 1.0072
-------
MOBILE: VAN LOCATION = LOS ANGELES: CALIFOBNIA
SEP 1970
TIME DAY
(PCT)
6-17 16
18- 5 16
6-17 17
18- 5 17
6-17 18
18- 5 18
6-17 19
18- 5 19
6-17 20
18- 5 20
6-17 21
18- 5 21
6-17 22
18- 5 22
6-17 23
18- 5 23
6-17 24
18- 5 24
6-17 25
18- 5 25
6-17 26
18- 5 26
6-17 27
18- 5 27
6-17 16
18- 5 16
6-17 17
IB- 5 17
6-17 18
18- 5 18
6-17 19
18- 5 19
6-17 20
IB- 5 20
6-17 21
18- 5 21
6-17 22
IB- 5 22
6-17 23
18- 5 23
6-17 24
18- 5 24
6-17 25
18- 5 25
' - - - 6-17 26
18- 5 26
6-1? 27
18- 5 27
CHEM
.0821
.0012
.0722
.0014
.0743
.0045
.0579
.0123
.0567
.0134
.0491
.0193
.0578
.0023
.0565
.0019
.0704
.0046
.1117
0.0000
.0534
.0018
.0463
.0038
*** H2S
GC-FPD
.0007
.0006
.0023
.0013
.0026
.0020
.0028
.0021
.0024
.0027
.0023
.0007
.0021
.0033
.0014
.0012
.0023
.0012
.0018
.0021
.0018
.0004
-.00152
.0005
GAS f>H
.07,16
.0019
.06.47
.OQ21
.03*7
.OQ26
.0386
.OJ25
.06.28
.0137
.0397
.0133
.04,03
.0041
.0554
.0016
.0597
.0048
•03.42
.0045
.0548
.0073
.0398
.0118
(PPM) ***
COLQR
9.999?
?.9999
9.9999
.0002
.OOJ4
• 9.02.8
.0005
-.0009
-.0005
•>.Q003
-.0003
-.0002
.QOQi
.0002
• OOJ8
.0054
~.0~043~
.0032
.00*2
.gosf
.0053
.0037
.0866
.007,6
(PPM.L ••«
COUL
.0695
.0105
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
.0158
.071L
.0138
.0536
.0088
9.9999
.0153
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
AVERAGE
OX|PPMj
.0590
.0045
.0360
.0044
.0603
.• Oll_0_
.0473
.0121
.0616
.0212
.0476
.0402
.0695
.0249
.0827
.0206
.0951
.0180
.1245
.0115
.0903
.0387
.0619
.0243
***»««•*»«
COL'OR
..0387
-*OOSl
9f9999
9*99.99
9.9999
9,99.99
9.9999
9.9999
9 #99.99
9,9*99
9V9»99
9.9999
9,9999
.0|88
.1231
..0366
.1227
*0j73
9*99.99
.0237
,0907
r03ll
,0540
.0192
N02(PPM)
COLOR
.17J7
• lii* _
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
_• 1.36.2
.11*9
.1095
.14*3
•13_i$_
9.9999
. .mi
.1210
.143.1
.0614
.1031
._ _• flXtPANT
CQUL
70639
78Q54
70308
"78166
70612
?0:iO
784.73
78t2l
78379
70116
79360
70t87
"0456
70Q63
:0474
78Q35
784.83
78Q69
78*72
78Q14
979999
979999
979999
Sf9999
SOUAR
RXQIfTION
(LXNGLEYS)
.'59
lOi
756
.•01
;59
• ot
?61
?0l
760
T80
V56
t90
759
-«8fl
:58
.90
T54
:08
}54
-«ai
V61
-;ei
.•57
-.01
(PPMi.I <
COLOB
.0542
.0033
.0.1.52.
.0622
9.999$
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
.0309
.0773
.061Z
• US?
.0433
.1181
.0372
.1411,
.0292
i!65d
.0216
.09qfl
.0382
- .041S
.0243
•••« WIND
DIR|CT
(DEB)
30578
314T4
26773
272^9
267TO
25973
25579
21274
21ltl
16470
23778
343:5
31273
4374
244 .'5
23077
26577
24670
8873
32779
4271
10370
3677
COLOR
.0172
.'0074
20227
-V0001
70112
.'0012
979999
979999
979999
70017
70026
70042
:0124
70146
70262
70200
929999
979999
_9.?9999
70158
.0185
979999
9^9999
979999
»<*•*
SPEED
tHPK)
4.1
1.8
3.9
2^5
4.5
3.1-
3.8
5-9
4.3
2.6
4.6
2. 2
4.4
2-7
4.8
2.0
4.1
3.0
3.6
2.5
4.3
_ 3,4 .
4.0
3.8
FPD
.0210
.0103
• Q212.
.0044
.0146
.0029
9.9999
9.9999
_9.29_9_9_
9,9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
.0101
.0203
.0142
,0254
,0130
.02-06
.0162
.0184
.0111
.JJQ.43
.0090
SQ_2-tPPM>
SOUL
70334
.0181
'.8414
.0012
-.0269
'.0055
.0384
.0143
:OH2
"0092
.0154
.0134
.0285
.0236
• 0295
70181
• 0382
.0180
£9397
.8386
-O'°1
.0292
•JJQ93
.0219
TEMP i
AHB
OUT
23.66
JL«i07
22.91
IB. 2?
22*22
ll*.S5_
28.74
1?.33
2J^14
18.49
2t,19
18.94
26.96
22.83
26.14
21.91
23.31
2fl_.l2_.
28.14
24.58
28.94
25.39
38.09
?A-oz
«4*t***lLI»
CQND
.0463
.0208
.0466
.0146
.0445
.0074
.0529
.0178
.0951
.0089
,0214
.0162
.0982
.0252
.0450
.0264
9.9999
9.9999
9-i 9.999
9.9999
O.OOOQ
9.9999
9.9999_
9,9999
'DEC CM
DEW
POINT
11.12
12.t33
13.08
13,97
12.97
12. .A6
11.52
12.43
11.. 09
12. SB
12.97
13.32
7.39
1.13
1.46
13.47
12.65
tiifl.3_
8.12
-Ai30
-.44
-3*92
.50
-.68
«»«»»»•» . _
GC-fPU
.019.1
.0079
-0180
.0039
,0199
.0044
,0177
.0102
.01,35
.0075
.0090
.0072
.0154
.0151
.0184
.0112
,Ql5i
.0065
,OUl
.0135
-Bl?9
.0070
-0041
.0057
AVERAGE
SO?(PPM)
.0295
1.0.129
.0309
.one,?
.0217
..0.04.3.
.0339
.0141
.0177
.Q06R
.0121
.0100
.0296
ittlll
.0279
.0168
.0237
.0098
.0238
• 03.0.5
.0200
.0160
.0059
-. .0122
-------
MOBILE VAN LOCATION = LOS ANGELE5» CALIFORNIA
SEP 1970
TIME DAY
*
COUL CQLOB
979999
T0062
70J60
78328
70169
_ -S0U4R
RAQUTION
(LANGLEYS)
553
-TOO
.0260
.0339
.Q.9.2J.
.0767
9.9999
9.9999
COLOR
9'. 9999
9V9999
9.9999
.-0069
-;0004
-;0038
ovoe
FPD
.0096
.0054
9.9999
.0131
'0120
.0106
S02
COUL
V0254
.0207
9J4S9
.0284
70322
.0290
AMB
OUT
30.17
25.28
30.87
33154
2Z.13
2*.46
COND
9.9999
9.9999
9>9999 -
.0164
.0201
.0083
GC-FPD
.0072
.0075
DEM
POINT
.45
2.16
7.23
8.10
9.15
.0112
.0128
.0099
.0141
.OtlO
.0211
.0158
.0166
.0144-
-------
MOBILE VAN LOCATION
LOS ANGELES. CALIFOSNIA
OGT 1970
TIME DAY
(PCT)
6-17 1
18- 5 1
6-17 2
18- 5 2
6-17 3
18- 5 3
6-17 4
18- 5 4
6-17 5
18- 5 5
6-17 6
18- 5 6
6-17 7
18- 5 7
6-17 8
18- 5 8
6-17 9
18- 5 9
6-17 10
18- 5 10
6-17 11
18- 5 11
6-17 12
18- 5 12
6-17 1
18- 5 1
6-17 2
18- 5 2
6-17 3
18- 5 3
6-17 4
18- 5 4
6-17 5
18- 5 5
6-17 6
18- 5 6
6-17 7
18- 5 7
6-17 8
18- 5 8
6-17 9
18- 5 9
6-17 10
IB- 5 10
5=i7~ll
18- 5 11
6-17 12
18- 5 12
CHEM
.1010
.0151
.0661
.0004
.0604
.0034
.0516
.0172
.0147
.0216
.0133
.0313
.0286
.0020
.0347
.0015
.0410
.0016
.0556
.0306
.0736
.0261
9.9999
9.9999
**» H2S
GC-FPD
.0028
.0024
.0034
.0023
.0034
.0020
.0017
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
.0001
.0004
.0011
.0017
.0007
.0016
.0027
.0030
.0022
9.9999
9.9999
GAS PH COUL COLOR
.0§54 9.9999 9,9?99
.0126 9:9999 9.9999
.05.92 9.9999 9;9999
.0000
.0430
.0020
.0)60
.0109
.0092
.0^49
.0101
.0206
.0242
.0024
.0138
.0018
.0387
.0023
.0449
.0*25
.0368
.0193
9.9999
9.9999
(PPM) *••
CQLQR
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.1999
9.?999
9.9999
9". 9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.f999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.?99¥
9.9999
9.?999
9.9999
9.9959
9.9999
9~. ?999~
9.9999
:02oa
.0641
:oo5a
.0433
.0"l50
.0157
.0185
.0152
.0252
.0250
.0057
.0381
.0053
.0455
.0070
.0485
.0274'
.0674
.0204
9.9999
9.9999
AVERAGE
OX^PPM)
.0940
•9158
.0522
.0032
.0461
.0113
.0518
.0157 _
.0149
.0180
.0150
.Q253
.0197"
•0.032
.0406
.0062
.0479
.0082
.0487
.0309
.0691
.0237
9.9999
9.9999
,0*17
,0s:94
.0074
,0480
*0t3l
,0i25
.0189
.0168
.0228
.02J8
-.0060
,0346
-.0043
-PJS4
,0058
.050.6
.0234
*0739
.0255
9*9999
9,9999
N02(PPM)
COLJZ.R
9.9999
_ 9.999?
9.9999
.1130
.1291
a OIL.
.1237
.8523
.875$
.8384
.06*2
.0286
.85f9
.0722
.106.5
.1082
.1232
.3914
res?*
.0868
•7ffTi2"
.06^3
9.9999
9.9999
• QXTDANT
CQUL
70940
70J58
70505
78Qi8
703.63
:flQ51
7842?
70J39
78109
70158
78HO
70251
7BJ88
700.52
.. . ..'0468
780.54
:8398
70040
78134
76234
78t77
979999
979999
SOUR
RAQUTION
(LKNGL'EYSj
"758"
-.08
741
;oe
730
700
747
708
?24
780
Ji2
788
747
?oo
.'5.2
-»eo
J52
788
7-51
.'88
?47
788
732
788
_ia?M>-» •
CQLOB
9.9999.
9.9999
._2^9J>94
.084$
.0559.
.0175
.06Q6
.0175.
.0189
.0202
.019(5
.0256
.0222
.0811
.0443 ..
.087J
.0615
.0124
.0541
.0389
• 077J
.0296
9.9999,
9.9999
»«»» HIND
DIRECT
iDJEei
299?7
_ 1£7?_9
285. "3
?3373
22678
. -252C.4
26676
_ 253.78
257^5
25878
234.A2
2.98?^
252^8
_li2
344."1
4873
29875
318^2
~2~30?4
211':7
24B"?9
26771
25174
25972
COLOR
9V9999
979999
4i99i9_ .
9.'9999
9V9999
78015
.'OQOO
-:ooie
V003.6.
-.0028
70003
-J0079
,0019
-.0061
-'.0007
?0032
;oios
.0049
.0029
.0087
70132
.0073
9T9999
9;9999
««*«»
SPEED
t^lPHa
3.7
...li*..
3.7
3.5
3.3
_2.0
4.9
3.6
5.2
3.9
5.1
. _5_.5 .
4.8
i,.9_. .
4.1
2.6
4.2
2.6
4.1
2.2
3.0
3.1
4.1
2.6
FPD
.0170
.8127
.0213
.0188
.0212
.0118
.0118
.0113
.0145
.0116
.0122
.0107
,5126
.0111
.0131
.0122
.0.156
.0146
tQ152
.0152
.01,63
.0136
9.9.999
9.9999
SH2_LP.PM>
eouL
70460
.0453
.0849
784J4
.•a«i
70136
'.0.149
.8089
.fl2»7
.'Q116
.0171
78059
70219
V0154
7fll76
78099
.6187
7GOB2
7.0099..
70080
':ijiia
V8030
9.19.99.2 _
9.9999
****•**»•*•**••**
COND GC^FPD
.0341. .0229
.8166 .0138
-QTA7 .0950
.0198
..0287
.0011
.0070
.0803
.0079
.8814
.0037
0.8800
.0000
0.0080
.000?
.0000
.0(147
.0024
_ ...JUUS-
.8817
.0039
8.8808
9.9999
9.9999
TEMP IDEG C>
-
AHB
. QBT_ .
26.35
.21^.15
25.98
P3.2*
24.62
22.1^2.
23.61
20.21
19.98
19.19
19.21
1B.4«
19.98
1J.32
22.77
19.04
23.01
. 18.92
20.99
?t.25
22.24
21.08
19.98
IB. 44
DEN
POINT
7.39
12.82-
11.82
16.66
15.86
15.48
15.50
14.50
13.96
13.86
13.36
13*20
.0232
.8309
.8865
.0052
.0824
.0080
.0834
,805.9 __ .
.8086
.0096
.0037
.0094
.0108
.JH9A
.0124
,0139
.0126
.0155
.0094
9.9999
9.9999
AVERAGE
SQ2(PPM)
.0293
.0291
.0382
.0958
.0335
.0069
.0078
.0042
.0113
.0051
.0079
.0019
11.23 .0094
H.34 ,0848
2.12
2.89
2.90
11.69
11.06
i.4.1.2
13,26
14.24
13.25
12.93
.0077
.0064
.0139
.0085
.0101
.0092
.0118
.0067
9.9999
9.9999
-------
MOBILE VAN LOCATION = LOS ANGELES; CALIFOSNI*
OBT 1970
TJME DAY
(PCT)
6-17 13
18- 5 13
6-17 14
18- 5 14
6-17 15
IB- 5 15
6-17 16
18- 5 16
6-17 17
18- 5 17
6-17 18
18- 5 18
6-17 19
18- 5 19
6-17 20
IB- 5 20
6-17 21
18- 5 21
6-17 22
18- 5 22
6-17 23
18- 5 23
6-17 24
18- 5 24
6-17 13
18- 5 13
6-17 14
18- 5 14
6-17 15
18- 5 15
6-17 16
18- 5 16
6-17 17
18- 5 17
6-17 18
18- 5 18
6-17 19
18- 5 19
6-17 20
18- 5 20
6-17 21
18- 5 21
6-17 22
18- 5 22
6-17 23
18- 5 23
6-17 24
18- 5 24
«»«**»«*«
CHEM
9.9999
.0209
.0201
.0035
.0356
.0211
.0262
.0122
.0725
.0153
.0813
.0235
.0373
.0247
.0217
.0017
.0068
.0021
._ .0121
.0008
.0068
.0020
.0175
.0020
•«» H2S
GC-FPD
9.9999
.0025
.0025
.0018
.0027
.0016
.0023
.0022
".0023
.0022
.0034
.0021
.0024
.0030
.0"027"
.0024
.0033
.0027
.0022
.0012
.0024
.0012
.0021
>**« 0?ONE (
GAS PH
9.9999
.OJ74
.0171
.0040
.032.4
.0190
.0367
•0113
.0169
.0138
.06,38
• 0171
.0287
• OJ70
.0151
• OQ17
.005.2
.0015
•PJ24
.0006
.0058
.0045
.OQl9
(PPM) *•»
COLOR
9.9,999
9.9999
9.9999
9.?999
9.9999
9.9999
" 9.9999
9.9999
9.?999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999"
9.9999
?!?999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
.0009
!0007
COUL
9.9999
.0169
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9. '9999
.0133
.0655
.0179
.0802
.0232
• 0.2.21
.0217
.0186
.0031
.~0026
.0163
.0027
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
AVERAGE
OX(PPM)
9.9999" "
.0204
.0137
.0051
.0273
.0193
.0371
.0209
.0704
.0258
.0735
.0248
,0402
.0290
."0242"
.0105
.0053
.0022
.0"lfl3 "
.0018
.0083
.0092
.0*211
.0114
COLOR
9,99.99
9*9999
9,9999
9,9999
9,9999
9,9)99
.0230
.0812
.0298
,0339
"OZ.75
9*9_i9_9
9,9999
9^9999
9V9499
9*9999
9,9999
9.99.99
9*9999
N02(PPM)
COLOR
.0775
.0668
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
.8741
.8772
.8832
.8997
.8562
.8928
.8698
"".8620
.8662
.B8Q6
.8569
.0791
.8720
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
*_QX1DANT
CQUL
9799,99
78J59
78*37
78051
78324
70J22
70585
78J55
785.85
_ 70280
78*64
70Q33
700.3.8
78022
78185
Tetie
78068
78032
70*36
78Q35
SOLIAR
RAQIgTION
(LAPGL'EYS?
736
788
729
788
735
0708
748
!-00
*37
8988
,<48
0708
"734
8;oa
738
0788
734
8788
725
0708
!'08
LPPttl »
CQLOB
9.9999
.0290
9.9999
9.9V99
9.999.9
9.9999
9.9995
.0292
.0833
.0362
.0885
.0332
.05.23
.0390
.0172
9.9594
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
.0153
.0283
.0194
*•** HIND
DIRECT
JfliGJ
24278
28677
27977
35773
31975
29471
24971
_273".3
26170
19778
23377
23370
23270
23077
2"16"75
15177
26774
21773
23179
56?6
10576
25674
242Tl
3172
4**«*»****»»«**»»* S02
COLOR
9V9999
9.9999
4^49.99
9'.9999
9.'9999
979999
979999
979999
979999
979999
9:9999
9.9999
70008
:ooio~
70139
.0041
9.^9999
9.9999
979999
9?9999
979999
FPD
9,9999
.0145
.Difl4
.0066
,ttl09
.0027
,0111
.0109
.01*0
.0088
.0234
.0105
.0125
.0120
.0069
.0016
_.OJ>99
-.0044
.0017
-.0069
.0093
-.0097
.0005
->0075
COUL
979999
-.0019
.0031
:0085
.0143
-:0029
.0,137
;0057
70009
.0082
70.282
70120
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70071
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70098
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70086
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CO.ND
9.9999
0.0000
0,0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
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0.0000
.0057
.0394
.0090
.0159
.0060
,0070
.0030
. JUM
.0020
.0132
.0045
.DID*
.0006
.0078
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»*••• TEMP (DFG C)
SPEED
4.7
2.8
5.3
3.1
4.0
3.3
4.2
2.3
3.8
2.4
3.2
2.6
4.4
2.7
6.1
2.5
4.9
3.3
4.8
3.2
5.1
3.3
3.9
2.7
OUT
19.82
18.09
19.26
16.35
18.34
18.26
19.03
19.51
18.79
19.47
18.09
19.58
17,93
19.08
16.58
1Z.98
iz!68
15.85
1Z.95
18.46
18.42
16.26
DEM
11,99
"ll736~
10.30
10.58
12.21
12.35
12.59
12.29
12.84
12.25
12*66
12.08
~11?25
10.70
11.19
~~9*" 2 6
10.10
10.66
12.54
11.33
10.66^
GC-FPD
9.9999
.0073
.0052
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.0026
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.0058
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.0066
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.0104
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.0136
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.0033
.0128
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AVERAGE
S02/PPM)
9.9999
.0058
.0053
.0031
.0086
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.0085
.0056
.0117
.0073
.0276
.0102
.0125
•-O.OA7
.0059
.0038
.0159
.0038
.0108
.0052
.0095
.0004
.0084
~, .0828,
-------
MOBILE VAN LOCATION = LOS ANGELES; CALIFORNIA
OBT 1970
TIME E
(PCT)
6-17
18"- 5
6-17
18- 5
6-17
18- 5
6-17
18- 5
6-17
18- 5
6-17
18- 5
6-17
18- 5
IAY
25
25
26
26
27
27
28
28
29
29
30
30
31
31
CHEM 51
.0314
.0027
.0154
-.0000
.0185
0.0000
.0108
0.0000
.0083
.0002
.0270
.0001
.0514
0.0000
* fi2.0NE_ (PPM) »>*»*«»»»*»•
GAS PH COUL COLOR
.0296
,0023
•0174
, OOfll
,0t97
,0002
,0096
,0004
•.°I|5
,0002
,0283
,0002
,0507
,0003
__0,XIJ1ANL_(PPM) *
CQUL CQLOB
COLOR
G
6-17 25
18- 5 25
6-17 26
18- 5 26
6-17 27
IB- 5 27
6-17 28
18- 5 28
6-17 29 9
18- 5 29 9
6-17 30
18- 5 30
6-17 31
18- 5 31
C-FPD
.0024"
.0023
.0027
.0029
.0033" "
.0032
.0034
.0021
.9999
.9999
.0090
.0051
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.0067
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COLOR
.0055
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.0058
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.0082
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.0129
•Q114
.0156
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9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
.0135
.0210
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.0511
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.0608
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AVERAGE
OX(PPM)
.0304
.0143
.0286
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.0018
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.0071
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.0280
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.0700
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9*99.99
9,9f99
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9.9J99
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.07J7
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COLOR
9 . 9999" "
9.9999
9.9999.
9.9999
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.0783
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70242
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78170
78020
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70007
78121
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18.11?
70Q60
702.35
76033
704.79
78049
SOL'AR
RADUTtON
UANGLErS}
"744"
-V80
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**•* HIND
DIRECT
(DJB)
issfo
57:i
25674
4072
287:7
3273
18176
6178
35173
6576
2~30?4
6376
29871
11677
979999
979999
9JJW.9JI
.0103
70212
^0179
70176
70225
.JQ232
.'0417
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.0319
70380
70394
»<•»«
SPEED
CUPH)
4.1
1.8
4.1
2.8
5.3
2.5
"" "1.9
3.3
3.5
.8
3.8
2.3
3.5
JLil^
FPD
-.0066
-.0013
•M15_
.0067
.0,148
.0071
.0036
.0039
.0057 _
.0169
.0247
.0051
.0086
.0044
Sfl2_(P-£Ml •••••••••»•«««••••
COUL
.0097
.0198
,0184
70231
V0.320
.0277
.02(2
'.8251
70227
.0495
?0480
.'02*0
VQ23B
70336
TE_MP (DEG
XMB
OJT
12.54
13.91
17.2*
IS. OS
20.2*
16.59
2f.35
17.71
24.18
16.52
20.98
15.34
20.03
15.73
COND
.0068
.0076
.0121
.0146
.0266
.0144
,0142
.0100
.0150
.0332
.0400
.0114
,025_8_
.0174
C)
DEM
POINT
8.20
5.51
4.89
-6.03
-8.93
-5.47
-8.89
-4.38
.47
1.26
3.60
2.53
8.33
GC-FP.D
.ftl$9
.0185
.012B
.0122
.0234
.0173
,0l49_
.0175
9.9999
9.9999
. 9247
.0029
.0044
.0040
AVERAGE..
S02(PPM)
.0075
.0101.
.0119
.0134
.0236
.0169
.0141
.0158
.0167
.0353
.0378
.0150
.0201
.0198
-------
MOBILE VAN LOCATION = LOS ANGELES.' CALIFORNIA
NOV 1970
TIME DAY
(PCT)
6-17 1
18- 5 1
6-17 2
IB- 5 2
6-17 3
18- 5 3
6-17 4
18- 5 4
6-17 5
IB- 5 5
6-17 6
18- 5 6
6-17 7
IB- 5 7
6-17 8
IB- 5 8
6-17 9
18- 5 9
6-17 10
18- 5 10
6-17 11
18- 5 11
6-17 12
18- 5 12
6-17 1
IB- 5 1
6-17 2
18- 5 2
6-17 3
18- 5 3
6-17 4
IB- 5 4
6-17 5
18- 5 5
6-17 6
18- 5 6
6-17 7
IB- 5 7
6-17' 8
IB- 5 8
6-17 9
18- 5 9
6-17 10
18- 5 10
6-17 11
IB- 5 11
6-17 12
18- 5 12
CHEM
.0838
.0004
.0287
.0000
.0120
.0016
.0117
.0801
.0049
.0002
.0036
.0000
.0115
0.0000
.0222
0.0000
.0168
.0000
.0096
9.9999
9.9999
.0008
.0069
.0002
**» H2S
GC-FPD
.0069
.0057
.0039"
-.0024
.0043
-.0018
~ .0538"
.0044
"" .0057
.0041
.0050
.0040
.0050
.0055
.0058
.007T
.0063
.0082
.0068
.0078
.0068
.0088
.0078
GAS PH
.07,76
.0006
• 0.2.97
.0002
.0^09
.0014
.0124
.0002
.0063
.0047
.0000
•OJ25
-.0001
.0227
-.0000
.0200
-.0000
.02.07
-.0000
.0199
.0002
.0087
-.0004
(PEM) »««
COLOR
" .01*9
.01Z4
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999"
.0054
.goes
.0097
.0152
.0200
.0248
.0290
.0338
.037,9
.0429
.04Q5
.0531
.057,1
!<)640
COUL
.0916
.0163
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
.0052
.0241
.0028
.0194
.0034
.0043
-.0001
.0099
.0015
.0205
.0042
•0211
.0047
.0353
.0024
.0314
.0122
.0170
" .0092
AVERAGE
OX(PPM)
.0928
.0103
.0268
.0038
.0202
.0137
.0212
.0104
.OlF4"
.0020
.0077
.0080
,0211
.0101
.037-3
.0189
.0381
.0162
,0343
.0032
.0154
.0012
.0071
.0004
COLOR
.0213
9»9999
9.9999
9*9999
.0212
.04.14
-OJ69
»0390
,0043
.00.92
'O22l
.04.04
.0277
.0.4.6.5
.0272
9,9299
9*9999
9.9999
9*9909
9.9999
-v0020
N03(PPM)
COLOR
•1382
.098J5,
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
.0640
.9930
.0428
."0900
.0228
.0284
.0279
.0393"
.0446
.8650
.08Q8
.0709
.13|9
.0919
!fl712
.0810
L .0873
CQUL
78Z08
7BQ26
?0243_
70Q38
78Q24
voqei
JOOll
78026
76004
78038
78013
?et2_9
V6Q09
78240
" :ffo38 "
78212
78J94
79032
70154
70Q75
VOQ14
SOL'AR
RKQIftTION
(LXNGL'EYS)
.42
O.'BO
.36
0780
735
0.00
722
8700
.22
oveo
740
8*80
.'43
0700
.38
Qveq
eveo
0700
732
0:88
COLOB
.1140
.0179,
9.9999
9.9999
.025J
.0364
.0197
. ,0.27 i
.0832
.014$
.0292
.0194
.0502
• 0349
.055fl
.0312
.0782
9.9999
9.9999
9.999J
9.9999
-.0007.
COLOR
'.0494
.0500
919999
9'.9999
979999
9V9999
9V9999
.0026
JJJ212
!o050
.0015
r. 0035
70065
J.D.Q19
70093
;0089
.0123
:0068
:0199
.0184
.0237
FPD
.0141
.0074
.0189
.0061
.0164
.0041
.0153
.0023
.0132
.0024
.0003
-.0021
-.0016
.0004
.0029
.0034
.0042
. Q156
.0042
.0195
.0137
.0094
.0071
»**« MIND »•***
DIRECT
(DEC)
25576
15 o:i
27773
18579
28275
24471
24378
234V5
19174
25971
268.0
27179
254.0
4579
6V 3
64'. 3
32577
9774
28273
23778
22878
214. '6
i947~9
93."6
SPEED
(HPH)
3.0
4.3
1.8
4.8
2.2
3.4
1.5
3.1
3.6
6.3
. 2.9.
5.3
2.6
3.3
1.6
4.1
1.7
3.9
1.6
3.7
2.2
6.4
2.5
-
—
+
eoui
;03eo
70233
C0386
70177
70166
701B3
: d3B7
70035
-'.0087
-70029
-70076
70026
-.0072
.'0039
-iQfil$
70046
-«0070
.0138
-.0023
-70049
-.0048
COND
.0353
.0125
.0321
.0116
,0_2A1
.0067
.0237
.0013
.022}
.0025
,0008
.0002
,0003
.0006
.0018
.0050
.007.2
.0052
.0.249
.0066
.0296
.0167
.0221
.0155
TEMP (DEG C)
AMB
OOT
20.76
22.11
28.64
19.42
19..38
12.76
__1Z.38 .
20.71
30.88
30.08
"19!2S
15.29
20.36
16.37
2t.81
20.28
20.27
23.17
19.67
16.68
19.48
15.88
DEW
PHINT
5.93
11.81
11.48
11.61
10.71
10,49
10.33
~12.L12
14.71
13.37
9*38 "
7.52
5.53
5.27
3.25
9.93
9.14
11.69
11.41
11.57
8.73
8.58
GC-FPD
.0126
.0050
.0^54
-.0027
,0-121
-.0007
.0049
.0181
.0066
,506.3
.0044
.0023
.0060
.0019
.0087
.0061
.0123
.0316
.0129
.0361
.0279
.0231
.0239
AVERAGE
S02(PPN)
.0287
.0196
.0282
.0082
.0227
.0067
.0222
.0043
.0220
.0044
.0022
.0002
-.0006
.0032
.0004
.0059
.0048
.0077
.0226
.0047
.0242"
.0152
.0144
., .013lx
-------
MOBILE VAN LOCATION = LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA
NOV 1970
>~
TIME DAY
_ - 6-17 13
18- 5 13
6-17 14
18- 5 14
6-17 15
18- 5 15
6-17 16
18- 5 16
6-17 17
18- 5 17
6-17 18
18- 5 18
6-17 19
18- 5 19
6-17 20
18- 5 20
6-17 21
18- 5 21
6-17 22
18- 5 22
6-17 23
18- 5 23
6-17 24
18- 5 24
6-17 13
18- 5 13
6-17 14
18- 5 14
6-17 15
18- 5 15
6-17 16
18- 5 16
6-17 17
18- 5 17
6-17 18
18- 5 18
6-17 19
18- 5 19
6-17 20
18- 5 20
6-17 21
18- 5 21
6-17 22
18- 5 22
6-17 23
18- 5 23
' 6-17 24
18- 5 24
CHEM
.0161
.0002
.0041
.0001
.0186
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
.0155
.0005
.0185
.0005
.0189
.0017
.0201
.0004
.0216
.0003
.0294
" .OT03
.0182
.0003
.0029
.0268
»»« H2S (
GC-FPD
".009T "
.0088
.0077
.0069
.0066
9.9999
GAS PH
.0{92
-.0084
.0043
-.0004
.0164
9.999"9
9.9999
9.9999
.OJB6
-.0002
.OJ73
-.0006
.OJ99
.OQO~6
.0209
-.0004
.0214
-".00"d7
.0285
-.00"08"
.OJ97
-.0086
.0047
""".0290
PGM) •••
COLOR
.0667
9.?999
9. 9999"
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999 9.9999
9.9999 9.9999
.00~79 9.9999
.0023 9.9999
.0044
-.0050
".0088"
.0031
" .0099
.0032
.0047
.0034
.0047
.0038
.0099
-.0000
.0063
.0036
9.9.999
9.9999
9.9999
.0009
•0,02.1
.0023
.0004
-.0013
".004.4
-.0041
-.0041
-.0012
.QOQ6
COUL
.0351
9.9999
9.9999
-.0005
.0093
9. "9999
9.9999
9.9999
.0381
.0068
.0334
.0026
.0325
.0103
.0266
.0078
.0229
.0033
.0296
.0081
.0317
.0168
.0376
.0342
AVERAGE
OX(PPM)
70157—
.0022
.0094
.0082
.0260
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
.0594
.0254
.0374
.0134
.0349
-_.0019 _
.0254
.0110
.0240
.0055
".0315"""
.0076
!oi78
.0223
.0268
COLOR
'0252
9*99.99
9,9999
,ooao
.0224
9.9999
9.9999
9,9999
.0907
,0329
.0640
,0131
-,006~2
.024.5
,0093
,0017
.0240
.OQ85
.0329
,0246
,0487
.0339
N02(PP.M>
COLOR
.1312
9.9999
9.9999
.859.6
.0495
9.9994
9.9999
9.9994
•2463
.1624
.1892
. -0879 ._
.1513
.07Qg
'.1026
.0696
.0578
.8492
.0777
".114?"
.1364
.1945
.0464
* QXTBANT
CQUL
:8145
.'8822
78059
70008
579999
479999
78301
78033
70J30
" 78035
78246
7IQ36
78215
78Q48
70218
78033
70318
7BQ33
78287
78068
78072
70246"
SOL'AR
RADIATION
(LXNGL'EYS)
739
0700
- 333
0780
738
99799
99799
99799
738
8780
9S1
0780
732
0700
731
9 .'88
.'24
0788
fli'OO
J35
B700
730
§780
(PPM> «
COL08
.0165
9.9999,
9.9999
.0156
.0352.
9.9994
9.9994
9.9994
.1096
.0475
.061S
.0233
.048?
-.0865
.0309
.0171
j.02_6S
.0872
.0312
.0119
.0449
.0289
.029}
»•»» HIND
DIRECT
(DEd)
25276
6578
11076
8270
99979
99979
28472
75?3
22671
26777
277T6
11470
32477
3275
297?9
5573
331'76
8573
25073
13974
COLOR
:0347
979999
9.'9999
9. '9999
979999
9:9999
979999
979999
9.9999
9.'9999
979999
70065
.'0129
:oi4i
.0103
.0078
70059
?0025
10016
70067
70066
70166
979999
70072
*«»«*
SPEED
_LMPH1
3.5
1.4
4.4
3.0
3.7
999.9
9f9_.9
2.9
1.2
3.3
1.6
3.3
_ i-2 .
4.2
1.7
4.2
.. 2.4
3.9
3.V
1..2._ .
3.6
3.1
FPD SOUL
.0161 70145
.0195 '.04i5
.0060 -70093
-.0006
-.0033
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
.0091
.0043
.0286
.0063
.0110
.0114
.0086
.0047
-..0039
-.0026
-_..aflaa
.0022
.0047
.0102
.0378
.0056
-?eie7
-'.0268
979999
9,9999
979999
70154
.0056
-70095
70004
-7fl099
-'.0057
-«d004
-.0113
-J0072
-?0l40
V0060
.0117
979999
979999
70287
COND
,0333
.0373
.0144
.0033
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
.0231
.0123
.03.5?
.0054
.0317
.0254
.0263
.0229
.0221
.0159
.0167
.0233
.0328
.0360
.0685
.0161
IEMP iDEG 0
-
AHB
OUT
2*. 88
17.79
22.15
17. 7«
22.12
999.99
991.99
999,. 99
21.69
15.75
16.44
26,62
19.27
IT. 18
17.. 58
16.85
16.49
15»88~
1S-5B
18.93
14. 7i
16.91
10.08
DEM
P0I.NT
-1,47
-1,79
-3.80
-5.19
-4*84
999.99
999.99
999.99
2.99
7.77
8.49
10.62
a. 41
10.44
9.15
10.00
8.12
8.16
8.fl9__
5.65
6.87
a. 92
9.84
QC-FPD
,0419
.0919
.0231
.0169
.0110
9.9999
9.9999 .
9.9999
.0340
.0271
.0279
.0"l29
.0137
.0145
.0132
.0106
.0084
.0085
.0033
.0089
.0043
.0091
.0383
.0106
AVERAGE
S02(PPH)
.0271
.0376
.0095
.0022
-.0046
9.9999
9.9999
9.9999
.0206
.0123
.0337
.0043
.0129
.0119
.0106
.0091.
.0058
.0034
.0009
.0094
.0118
.0182
.0525
.9125
-------
MOBILE VAN LOCATION
LOS ANGELES' CALIFORNIA
NQV 1970
TIME DAY
(PCT)
6-17 25
18- 5 2~5
6-17 26
18- 5 26
6-17 27
18- 5 27
6-17 28
18- 5 28
6-17 29
18- 5 29
6-17 30
18- 5 30
CHEM
.0096
.0007
.0150
.0008
.0086
.00~15~
.0069
.0075
.0025
.0050
.0007
GAS PH
COUL
.0174
.0036
.0129
.0036
•Q.126
.0028
.0073
.0060
.0072
.0011
.0028
9.9999
COLOR
,0049
.OQ96
*0076
.0*07
,0036
.OQ6.1
9.9999
CQUL
780.99
.?JJ66_
78019
70Q88
70031
78098
.'0086
< PPtti _*
COLOB
.034(1
.0292
»**»**«•»**•_ §p2 •••«•«»«•»••»*•«•«
70047
76076
.0024
.0122
.0172
.0093,
.0141!
.0115
,11136
.0112
.016?
9.9999
COLOR
70081
,*0009
70024
-70004
.0001
.0010
-.0002
.0015
9.9999
FPD
.0030
.0027
-.0046
-.0051
-.0084
-.0084
-.0085
-,.11085
-.0086
-.0085
-.0086
60UL
COND GC-FPD
-.0036
.0136
70091
;OQ10
".0029
...(1019
.0012
'.0030
T0047
.0199
.0078
.0026
.0044
.0063
.0049
.0018
-.0023
.000?
.0019
.0034
9.9999
,0094
.0046
-.0023
.0077
-.JUJLl ,
.0048
!0035
.0037
9.9999
9 . 999-9.
9.9999
**« H2S
6-17
18- 5
6-17
18- 5
26
26
6-17
18- J
6-17
.IB- 5
6-17
18- 5
GC-FPD
25 .0063
2_5_ .0061
.0062
.0094
.0105
•00_94
VOlOl
0116
0123
9999
27
2.7
28
28
29
29
6-17
18- 5
30 9.9999
30 9.9999
COLOR
• oogi
• QOJ4
.0026
. .0007
.0055
.OOQ3
.0.027
.002.6
.0023
. -202.5
.0010
9,. 9999
AVERAGE
OXtPPM
.6203'
,B168
.0223
t4Q.Il
.0125
._0_062 _
.0115
.0100
.0103
.0.080
.OilO
.0024
N02(PPM)
COLOR
.0892
.9769
.0231
.0442
.038$
_LP_39i_
.8297
.0115
.019.7
.0372
.0541
9.9999
RXDIATION
,LANGLEYS.
.08
OV90
.34
isfl"~
0<.00
710
0.08
V05
a too
HQ
-JULSJL
DIRECT
AMB
OUT
18.43
40.68
24.87
15.00
"l6.82
2?!s8
14.2?
14.08
.12. 39
DEM
POINT
9.20
10.22
5.40
6.92
JL0.67
10.72
7.67
8.01
7*99
S02.PPH)--
.0136
-003P
-.0022
.0060
.00?0
-.0002
-.0018
.0000
-.0014
-.0025
-.00<47
-------
MOBILE VAN LOCATION = LOS ANGELES: CALJFOgN.1*
DEC 1970
TIME DAY
(PCT) CHEM
«-17 1 9.9999
*»« H2S
GC-FPD
6-17 1 9.9999
GAS PH
9.9999
(PBM) •*•
COLOR
9,. 9,999
(PPM) «»
COUL
9.9999
AVERAGE
OX(PPM)
9.9999
COLOR
9.9599
N02CP.PM)
COLOR
9.9099
« QXTDANT (
CQUL
479999
SOL'AR
RXDUT10N
axNGL'EtS)
99S99
PPM) * •
COLOR
9.9992
«**» HIND
DIRECT
(DEG)
COLOR
9:9999
SEEEH
(MPH)
9J9.9
****•«*•• S02 (PPM> «••»«••**'
FPD 60ML CQND
9.9999 9119999 9,9999
I6MP (DEG C>
4^B pPW
OUT POINT
»*»*«****
GC-FPD
9_t9_9_99
AVERAGE
S02(PPM>
9.9999
'
-------
APPENDIX B.7
Air Quality Data From 0,, 0 , SO-, H S and NO, Instruments,
J X £• Zr £,
Daily Averages
-------
. L 'CMIC
L05
. CALIFORNIA
SEP 1970
TIWE LAY
(PCT)
»»»»««««•*««» 'ZO.g? (r'PM »*»*»»"»»»*»
0-23
Oj:23
'0-23
0-23
0-23
0-23
0-23 U
0^23 li
0-23 \i
0-23 13
0-23 14
0-23 15
0-23 lo
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-------
-IL
L'C\T[L
\3 = L-S, CALIFORNIA
SEP 1970
TI"a DAY
(PCT)
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AMB DEM
OUT _ POINT S02fPPM)
27.73 .78 .0131
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24.72 8.95 .0155
-------
IL
.Ob
CALIFORNIA
OCT 1970
TI*E uAY
fPCT)
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RADIATION
(LANGLEYS)
.'25
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DIRECT
(DEg)
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(MPH)
2.8
3.2
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~ 3 . 8"""
4.4
4.9
4.5
3.3
3.6
"3.1"
2.9
3.5
3.8
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2.6
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4.7
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.0147
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9.9999
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'.0190
'.0128
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.0140
.0119
.0100
:0091
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AMB
OUT
23.99
23.97
23.60
22.70
19.79
19.02
19.08
20.70
2|.02
19.94
21.93
19.69
19.00
18.45
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18.70
18.98
18.92
18.77
18.19
17.18
17.22
17.22
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9.9999
0.0000
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.0081
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.0042
(DEG C)
DEM
POINT
8.61
13.46
15.86
15.42
14.09
13.45
11,88
4.79
5.04
11.15
13.80
13.41
12.30
li.42
10.81
12.43
12.50
12.50
12.30
11.36
10.94
10.12
10.78
11.55
.0181
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.0042
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9.9999
9.9999
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.0120
.0086
AVERAGE
S02
-------
J-RL i/, i ^ 'GATIo.
ANG=LCS,
OCT 1970
TI 'E u*Y
(PCT)
0-23 23
0-23 ?7
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. CALIFORNIA
NOV 1970
TI«t CAY
-------
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(DEC,)
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267.6
150.8
193.5
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(MPH)
2-4
5.5
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8.2
6.9
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AM8
OUT
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POINT
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B.7 6
-------
L'CATU' = L">5
, CALIFORNIA
DEC 1970
-------
APPENDIX C
INSTRUMENT CORRELATION
The following tables give the correlation between the output of
similar instruments for each week of the Los Angeles study. The data
used are the hourly averages after continuous drift correction.
(Correlations before drift correction are included in Copies 1-4 of
the report) . The terms FLD 1 and FLD 2 in the tables are the outputs
being correlated. N is the number of cases when both sets were available.
AVG 1 and AVG 2 are the averages for the period. STD 1 and STD 2 are the
staddard deviations about the average. CORREL is the statistical correla-
tion coefficient.
-------
IS3
STATISTICAL DATA FOR PERIOD 0600 SEP 4 THROUGH 0700 SEP 11
PAIR NO.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
6
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
l 19
; 20
FLD 1
QZONE-CHEM
OZONE-CHEW
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE(T)
H2S-GU-EPD
S02-COLQR
S02-COLOR
S02-COLOR
S02-COLOR
S02-FPD
S02-FPD
S02-FPD
S02-COqL
S02-COUL
S02-COND
OX-COUL
OX-COUL
OX-COUL
FLD 2
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE(T)
OZONE(M)
OzONE(T)
OZONE(M)
OZONE(M)
~H2S~-C~OTaR
S02-FPD
S02-COUL
302-COND
SQ2-GC-FPD
S02-COUL
S02-COND
S02-GC-FPD
S02-COND
S02-GC-FPD
S02-GC-FPD
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-GAS PH
OX-COLOR
N
0
51
155
0
0
51
0
164
62
164
143
62
165
143
62
62
143
166
0
54
AVS1
9-90QO
.8301
.0224
_g.9QQO
9.90QQ
.1134
9.9000
.0021
.0038
.0021
.0024
.0122
.0083
.0668
.0216
.0216
.0542
.0188
9.. 9000
.0293
$TBI
9.9:00.0
.0314
.03Q4
9.90QQ
9-5030
. .84|2
9*9000
.0084
.&1Q6
.0084
.0089
.0088
.0081
.0085
.0151
.0151
.0234
.0239
9.SOQO
.0276
AVG2
9.9000
.1134
.0288
9.9000
9.9000
.0342
9.9000
,0_Q83
.0216
.0520
.0068
.0216
.0519
.0068
.0567
.0090
.0068
,.0234
9.9000
.1150
STD2
9.9000
.0422
.0290
9t9J)QO_
9.9000
.0334
9.9000
.0081
.0151
.0267
.0062
.0151
.0266
.0062
.0235
.0072
.0062
*03JJ3
9.9000
.0356
eORKEL
0.0800
.8519
.9210
0.0906
0*0006
.8512.
0.0006
.2649
-»!8lf
»2iO*
,1932
.7992
.7273
.8809
.9697
.8748
.7489
.9169
o.oooa
-------
STATISTICAL DATA FOR PERIOD 0800
PAIR NO.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
' 18
19
20
FLD 1
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE(T)
H2S-GC-EPD
S02-COLOR
S02-COLQR
S02-COLQR
S02-COLOR
SQ2-FPD
S02-FPD
S02-FPD
S02-COUL
S02-COUL
S02-COND
OX-COUL
OX-COUL
OX-COUU
FLD 2
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE(T)
OZONE(M)
OZONE(T)
OZONE(M)
OZONE(M)
H2S-COLOR
S02-FPD
S02-COUL
S02-COND
S02-GC-FPD
S02-COUL
S02-COND
S02-GC-FPD
S02-COND
S02-GC-FPD
S02-GC-FPD
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-GAS PH
OX-COLOR
SEP 11 IHBOWGH flsoo SEP ia
N
111
104
133
83
83
103
18
153
151
153
153
159
162
160
159
158
160
163
111
131
AVG1
.0272
.6221
.0258
.0172
.0172
.0069
.0816
.0049
.0050
.0049
.0944
.0107
.0106
.0100
.0171
.0165
.0270
.8240
.0239
.0228
S.TB1
.0418
.0316
.0325
. ..-.am
.0311
.0266
.0006
.0102
.Q1Q3
.0102
.0083
.0109
.0108
.0093
.0147
.0138
.0215
^289 ..
.0312
.0295
AVG2
.0233
.0074
.0294
,0027
.0240
j.O^JL
.0002
.0101
.0165
_L027D
.0092
.0171
.0277
.0093
.0278
.0094
.0093
-^2^6.
.0233
.0118
STD2
.0378
.0270
.0313
_t 0267.
.0308
.0283
.0011
.0103
.0144
.0224
.0088
.0147
.0225
.0087
.0227
.J10_88
.0087
.0383
.0378
.0?49
GORREL
.9900
.8740
.9600
^JJLTIL
.9626
.9113
-.430?
.7707
.7133
.5474
.7488
.890?
.8966
.8619
.8043
.79P9
.7990
.9754
.9668
-------
STATISTICAL DATA FOR PERIOD B900 SEP 18
PAIR NO.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
FLD 1
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONECT)
H2S-GG-EPD
S02-COLQR
S02-COLQR
S02-COLOR
S02-COLQR
S02-FPD
S02-FPP
S02-FPD
S02-COUL
S02-COUL
S02-COND
OX-COUL' '
ox-couu
OX-COUL
FLD 2
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE(T)
OZONE(M)
OZONE(T)
OZONE(M)
OZONE(M)
H2S-COLOR
S02-FPD
S02-COUL
S02-COND
S02-GC-FPD
S02-COUL
S02-COND
S02-GC-FPD
S02-COND
S02-GC-FPD
S02-GC-FPD
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-GAS PHi
OX-COLOR
N
154
59
59
59
59
59
147
65
107
99
107
88
58
88
129
197
127
156
156
102
IHBOUGH 6
AVG1
.6316
.0239
.0239
.9214
.6214
.0633
.0020
.0147
.0109
.0106
.0109
.0145
.0187
.0145
.0196
.0192
.0282
.0278
.0272
.0253
BOO SEP 2g
$TBI
.0479
.044,9
.0449
..0352
.0382
.Q665
.0011
.0133
• Q122
• &lg5
.0122
.0101
.0191
.ftlQl
.0131
.. _ ..Q.13J5
.0219
.fi359
.0352
.03^7
AVG2
.0275
.0633
.0307
.0633
.0307
.0307
.0014
. JLL29
.0183
._ , Q2_59
.0109
.02J15
.0311
.0118
.0287
.0114
.0117
*-Qi2B_
.0275
.0696
STD2.
.0398
.0665
.0359
.0665
.0359
.0359
.0021
-JOS.fi.
.0123
.0190
.0058
.0140
.0202
.0066
.0222
.0064^
.0066
-JUftS.
.0397
.0«579
60RREL
.9891
.9575
.963?
.9663
.9728
,9553
-.1979
.8917
.7929
^7_?2i
.8631
.8234
.8249
.7946
.8680
.8334-
.8479
.9B1M
.9856
-------
Ul
PAIR NO.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
-13
14
15
16
• 17
' 18
, 19
20
FLD 1
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-CflEM
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONEXT)
H2S-GG-FPD
S02-COLQR
S02-COLQR
S02-COLQR
S02-COLQR
S02-FPB
S02-FPD
S02-FP0
S02-COUL
502-cociL
S02-COND
OX-COUL
OX-COUL
OX-COUL
FLD 2
OZONE-GAS PH'
OZONE(T)
OZONE(M)
OZONE(T)
OZONE(M)
OZONE(M)
H2S-COLOR
S02-FPD
S02-COUL
S02-COND
S02-GC-FPD
S02-COUL*
S02-COND
S02-GC-FPD
S02-COND
S02-GC-FPD
S02-GC-FPD
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-GAS PHI
OX-COLOR
N
77
76
27
74
27
27
85
29
29
0
29
87
9
85
8
85
0
30
28
30
AVG1
.0201
.8184
.0104
.8207
.00*1
_ .8391.
.QOQ9
.0196
.8156
9.9009
.0156
.BUS
S.9G08
.8117
5.90Q9
.0265
9.9000
.£28fl_
.0115
.028fl
STB1
.Q3Q8
.0381
.0339
.,0368
.0284
. _ il45Q _
.0810
.0065
.0065
9.9000
.Q065
.0072
9.8000
.0072
9.$|000
• fit?!
9.JOOO
•P609
.0289
.0609
AVG2
.0227
.0436
.0204
,04_39
.0204
_,12.04.
.0289
.0159
.0299
9.9000
.0129
.0262
$.9000
.0091
9.9000
.0091
9.9000
t031P
.0063
.0653,
STD2
,0373
.0458
.0282
_J4&3_
.0282
_tU28J2
.0625
.0072
.0166
9,9000
.0043
.0151
9.9000
.0049
9.9000
.0_flJ9
9.9000
.0714
.0279
.QA62
CORBEL
.9759
.9689
.9673
.9214
.9698
_ _.,9j|_4_3._
-v2JB*
.8894
.7899
O.OBOfl
.7443
.8579
0*0100
.8950
0.0800
.7138
0.0805
.906S
.9553
-------
STATISTICAL DATA FOR PERIOD 06QO
SEP 2S THROUGH Q8QB QCT 7
PAIR NO.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
2Q
FLD 1
OZONE-CflEM
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE(T)
H2S-GC-EPD
S02-COLQR
S02-COLPR
S02-COLOR
S02-COLOR
S02-FPD
S02-FPD
S02-FPD
S02-COLIL
S02-COUL
S02-COND
OX-COUL
OX-COUL
OX-COUL
FLD 2
OZONE-GAS PH>
OZONECT)
OZONE(M)
OZONE(T)
OZONE(M)
OZONE(M)
H2S-COLOR
S02-FPD
S02-COUL
S02-COND
S02-GC-FPD
S02-COUL
S02-COND
S02-GC-FPD
S02-COND
SQ2-GG-FPD
S02-GC-FPD
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-GAS PHi
OX-COLOR
N
188
127
144
128
145
~21~
126
126
126
126
183
180
189
180
180
177
184
185
136
MVG1
.0297
.8223
.9219
.Q14J4
.6132
• Q325
.0023
.6003
.OQQ3
.0803
.3006
.813?
.0137
.0154
.0271
.0267
.0130
.0261
.0260
.0139 •' •
S.TB1
*.d3|8
.Q3I8
.0229
.0230
.035_4 _
.000.7
.0074
.0074
.0074
.0080
.0055
.0055
.0046
.0187
.filBl
.0178
.0369
AVG2
.0212
.0327
.0258
.0325
.0257
.0257
.0278
.012?
.0183
JJ_0_65_.
.0075
.0135'
.0119
.0135
.0112
JiZflS_
.0207
.035R
STD2
.0403
.0355
.0254
.0254
.0258.. __
.0535
.0028
.0117
.0093
.0072
.0186
.0183
.0095
.0183
.0096
,0441.
.0401
, .0339
gORREC.
.9661
.7119
.9180
.9829
.. .85511
.0208
.8849
.7323
.8101
.7129:
.5569
.6782
.8729
.6884
.9670
-------
J_!ATJ_S!1C1L D&TA__FQR
_090Q OCT 7 IHRDUQH D7DQ PC? J4
cr*
PAIR NO.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
, 19
1 20
FLD 1
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE(T)
H2S-GC-EPD
S02-COLOR
S02-COLQR
S02-COLOR
S02-COLOR
S02-FPD
S02-FPQ
S02-FPB
S02-COUL
S02-COML
S02-COND
OX-COUI-
OX-COUL
OX-COUL'
FLD 2
OZONE-GAS PH'
OZONE(T)
OZONE(M)
OZONE(T)
OZONE(M)
OZONE(M)
HgS-COLOR
S02-FPD
S02-COUL
S02-COND
S02-GC-FPD
S02-COUL
S02-COND
S02-GC-FPD
S02-COND
S02-GC-FPD
S02-6C-FPD
OZONE-CHEM
OZpNE-GAS PH1
OX-COLOR
N
131
122
130
122
131
122
0
120
129
119
120
134
133
134
133
134
133
138
131
122
«VG1
.0281
.6296
.0283
.824?
.0237
.0286
2-9900
.0056
.0056
.0056
.9056
.0141
.0141
.0141
.0107
.0168
.0814
.02Jt*.
.0243
.0255
ST&l
.0398
.fl3?7
.0388
.0.317
.03Q9
JJ4Q3
9.9000
.0091
.0091
.0091
.0091
*M27___
.0027
.0027
.Q123
_ ...Q12.3 .
.0036
.0313
.0312
.0320
AVG2
.0236
.0286
.0278
.0286
.0277
.029Q
9.9000
^DJJQ
.0119
,0416.
.0119
.0108
.0014
.0115
.0014
..Pl_15___
.0115
.0283
.0237
.0344
STD2
.0310
.0403
.0326
.Q^i,
.0324
,0333
9.9000
TQ09fi
.0123
.0038
.0064
.0123
.0036
.0064
.0036
.^JL064__ _
.0064
_ ^fl3B8_
.0309
.0388
gQRHEL
.9674
.9553
.9806
. 9609
.9689
_ . 9673
0.0600
.916*
.4356
.599?
.8998
.376?
.781*-
.8769
.3448
.5239
.6932
.975?
.9856
-------
oo
PAIR NO.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
' l9
STATISTICAL DATA
FLD 1
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-CHEM
OzONE-GflEM
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE
H2S-6C-E:PB
S02-COLOR
S02-COIQR
S02-COLOR
S02-COLOR
S02-FPD
S02-FPD
S02-FPD
S02-COUL
S02-COI3L
S02-COND
OX-COUL
OX-COUL
FOR PERIOD 08QO
FLD 2
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE(T)
0ZONE(M)
OzONE(T)
OZONE{_Ml
OZONE(M)
H2S-COLOR
S02-FPD
SOg-COUL
S02-COND
S02-GC-FPD
S02-COUL
S02-COND
S02-GC-FPD
S02-COND
S02-GC-FPD
S02-GC-FPD
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-GAS PH
OCT 14
N
156
108
109
109
11 0
109
0
41
. _ __4JL
41
_ __41 _
163
163
162
163
162
162
156
l^B
IrtRQUGH 870
AVGJL
'.^8287
:03Q6
.Q3Q5
.9248
il246
.8421
9.90QB
.06g2
_-jL°J_2!_
.0022
.0022
.9108
.0100
.0108
.0094
.0093
.007,4
.8229
.8934
0 OCT 21
&!£L
.03f5
.04§5
__.94J4_
.03^6
_, 0.3.15
.0413
9.^000
.0656
.0056
.0656
.0056
.0065
.0065
.0045
.0104
.0104
.fll?7
.0208
.0290
_. A ¥.62.
.0234
.0417
.0296
.0421
.PJLOO
.0302
9.9000
.0077
.0087
.0071
.0079
.0094
.0074
.0082
t0074
.0082
.0082
.0267
•02*1
STJ12
.0311
.0413
,03.74 .
.0413
. AOJ575
.0376
9.9000
.0058
.0074
.0068
.0043
.0104
.0137
.0056
.0137
.0056
.0056
.0395
•0-115
GORREL!
.9940
.9822
.988*
.9829
A9_fl78
.9966
0.000(5
.5646
.9§_97 '
.8189
.9386
.8476
.7394
.8944
.6783
.9324
.7787
.9927
.9938
11*
.6256
'0381
.0456
.0356
-------
VO
PAIR NO.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
1°
x
20
STATISTICAL DATA FOR PERIOD 080Q OCT 21 II
FLD 1 FLD 2 N
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE
-------
SJ
O
PAIR NO.
i
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
16
17
18
I9
20
STATISTICAL DATA FOR PERIOD 1DQQ OCT 28 IHgOUQH 6800 N&V 4
FLD 1 FLD 2 N AVGt $T01 AVG2
OZONE-CHEN)
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE(I)
S02-COLQR
SOP-COLOR
S02-COLQP
S02-COLOR
S02-FPO
S02-FPD
S02-FPD
S02-COEJL
S02-COUL
S02-COND
OX-COUL
OX-COUL
OX-COUL
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONECT)
070NE(M)
OZONE(T)
OZONE(M)
OZONE(M)
HPS-COLOR
S02-FPD
SOP-COUL
S02-COND
S09-GC-FPD
S02-COUL
S02-COND
SQ2-GG-FPD
SOP-COND
S02-GC-FPD
SOP-GC-FPD
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-GAS PH
OX-COLOR
161
134
136
134
136
134
93
"•
119
93
167
141
166
141
140
161
134
.8161
.0165
.0163
:Ql64
.0497
.0372
.837?
.8374
.9101
.6697
.8294
^827?
ietft!
••1*1
.p371
.Q389
.0363
'Im.
.0160
• Ol60
.0160
rflltfl
.flfgs
-fll**
.0161
.Q2?6
.03$3
.0161
.0497
.0497
.0310
0143
.0095
.0216
.0293
,0?1D
.0087
.0087
,008?
.0161
.048i
STpP pOR&Ell'
.0348
.0421
,0359
.0421
.0361
• 0034
.0120
.0174
,013*
.0165
,0174
.0137
.0137
»0371
.0395
.9959
.9824
.9133
.9994
.9624
.4138
.821*
.7*49
.7804
-Ml?
.8856
.8146"
.Sfifi*
.8568.
.9819
-------
PAIR
1
2
4
5
6
7
8
10
11
12
14
16
17
18
19
STATISTICAL DATA
NIL. _ . ELD. 1 -
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-CftEM
OZONE-GAS PH
.. OZONE_-£AS_ PH
OZONE(T)
H2S-GC-FPD
S02-COLQR
SQ2_-_£OLQR
S02-COLOR
S02-COLOR
S02-FPD
S09-FPD
S02-FPD
S09-COUL
S02-COU.L
S02-COND
OX-COUL
OX-COUL
FOR PERIOD 0900
FLD 2
SZOJiEdSAS PH
OZONE(T)
OZONE(M)
OZONE(T)
QZQNECM)
OZONE(M)
H2S-CHLQR
S02-FPD
S02-COUL
S02-COND
SQ2-GC-FPD
S02-COUL
SOg-COND
SQ2-GC-FPD
_ . ..S02-C.QNIL
S02-GC-FPD
S02-GC-FPD
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-GAS PH
NOV 4 1
N.
±4.7
148
148
140
142
148
120
144
144
144
14.9
145
145
141
141
141
147
149
:HRD,MGH ts
AVGt
.'8068
.fi060
.0067
.0249
.0055
.0089
.0089
.0089
.0037
.0035
^fl.D-52
.004.6
.0858
.0872
.fl07«S
10 NOV
.0126
.0133
*Ql?2
.0189
.0039
^0089
.00^5
. Qa^ _
.0862
• 613.1
0127
AVG2
.0249
.0096
.0249
.0096
•H212
.0035
.0060
.0086
.0052
OX-COUL
OX-COLOR
147
.0872
.0088
»HH6.3
.0088
,0-HM.
.0062
.*aazfi_
.0300
ST02
.0133 .9859
.0189
.0134
,0189
»0146
.0134
,0124
.0062
.ain
.0097
.0090
.0136
.0092
.0102
.0092
..M9.2
.0126
.0226
.7768
.8784
.8098
.9132.
.9064
-6394
.9482
.8862
.9372
^8*33
-947^
.8830
^7813
T9259
.9X49
-------
NJ
PAIR NO.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
1Q
i 20
STATISTICAL DATA FOR PERIOD 1400 NOV 10 IHgOUGH, 2100 N&V 15
FLD 1 FLD 2 N AVGi &TB1 AVG2
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-CHEM
OZONP-CfHFM
OZONE-GA§ PH
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE
-------
PAIR NO.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
1 12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
STATISTICAL DATA
FLD 1
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE-GA_S_PH
OZONE(I)
H2S-GC-FPD
S02-COLQR
S02-COLQR
S02-COLQR
S02-COLQR
S02-FPD
S02-FPD
S02-FPB
S02-COUL
S02-COUL
S02-COND
OX-COUL
OX-COUL
FOR PERIOD 0800
FLD 2
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE(T)
ftZPNE(M)
OZONE(T)
OZONEtM)
OZONE(M)
H9S-COLOR
S02-FPD
S02-COUL
S02-COND
S02-GC-FPD
S02-COUL
S02-COND
S02-GC-FPD
S02-COND
S02-GC-FPD
S02-GC-FPD
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-GAS PH
NOV 17
N
237
224
22_5
224
225
224
180
199
188
197
197
216
231
232
214
214
229
237
237
IHBOUGH. 0700
_ AVfcJ
.0101
.01Q9
.0096
.9096
.0251
•*QQ*t
.0080
?0076
.0953
.$062
.0058
.$066
.0969
.0217
•20128
rfll2S
NQv 27,!
.0171
.0172
.0.172
.0174
TG299
.01^:3
-JUfll
.0182
!Q239
.0232
.Of78
.0167
.Ql$7
k97.0
AVG2
ilDSfl
.0251
.0182
.0251
.0182
.0181
-.000.-?
.0049
.0047
.0205
.0095
.0066
.0221
.0125
.0199
.0121
.0125
.0101
.0098
STD2.
.0173
.0259
.0189
.0259
,.0189
.0190
.00£5
,0107
.0209
,0152
.0083
.0238
.0182
,0122
.0163
.0119
.0123
.0171
.0173
.9019
.5863
.820$
.6277
.8491
.8136
.3663
.91(26
.6362
.8540
.7173
.871$
.8074
.6159
.670*
.6939
.9303
.950?
20
OX-COUL
OX-COLOR
23§
.0307
.0275
-------
20
STATISTICAL DATA FOR PERIOD
08QO NOV 27 IH50WGH 6900 DEC 1.
£97.0
PAIR NO.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
t7
18
19
FLD 1
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE(I)
H2S-GGi-FPp
S02-COLQR
SOP-COLOR
S02-COLOR
S02-COLOR
S02-FPD
S02-FPD
S02-FPD
S02-COUL
S02-COUL
S02-COND
OX-COUU
OX-COUL
FLD 2
OZONE-GAS PH
OZONE(T)
0?ONE(M)
OZONE(T)
OZONEfM)
OZONE(M)
H9S-COLOR
S02-FPD
S02-COUL
S02-COND
SQ9-GC-FPD
S02-COUL
S02-COND
SQ2-GC-FPD
S02-COND
S02-GC-FPD
S09-GC-FPD
OZONE-CHEM
OZONE-GAS PH
N
96
76
78
76
76
76
52
77
77
77
92
96
ae
53
80
53
53
96
98
AVG1
;qo^9
.0035
I|M5
.fl(M9
-0049
^0982
.01 Q*
.0611
•flfljt
.0011
.riQQft
-••0081
•".flflfij
*v8079
.0330
.8037
.&Q<\f>
^0065
,fla«^
6TP1
.0054
.0096
^O.Qi6
.0962
.0062
.0060
-pefi
.0036
.flBSA
.0036
TQfll7
.Doti
-fln«j9
.0015
.QB79
.0078
.fin«n
.0092
.0092
AV6_2_
.0041
.0082
,,0055
.0082
..JIQ55
.0055
,on?fl
-.0081
T0029
.0019
,004ft
.0017
TOQ2f)
.0049
,0020
.0049
r0040
.0049
.0041
STH2
.0060
.0060
.0058
.0060
JU15-8-
.0058
,0077
.0012
.0078
.0042
t0026
.0090
,0(143
.0026
.0043
.0026
ton?fi
.0054
.0060
CORREL
.9888
.8426
.8*2^
.8761
^ABOJL
.9451
-0294
.1488
.307^
.9938
-3fS9
.3859
.2ttOf
.8659
.7*7?
.6681
.5ft 6*
.9738
.9763
OX-COUL
OX-COLOR
77
6Z3
.Q0§4
.0134
.0056
-------
APPENDIX D
Monthly Diurnal Averages of 0 , 0~ and S02 Concentrations
-------
CL.
C-
C?
I—I
I—
cc
i20G -
1000
0800
.0600
u
400
.0200
0
SD-
-.0200
0000
DFURNPL RVC- FOR CMON-DRY-HR) 9 4 060G TO 9 30 2300
SFNSOR; OX-COUL
(CORRECTED)
24
00*10
24 21
0 00749
24 23
Q.QDSD6
23
3 5
21 21
0 00176
19 20
0 C158
0 00*21 0 OD624 0 C0700 0 00*05 0 09831. 0
21 21
0 C123
0 !
23 J3 2"
0 0110 0
015fi
T".
C 0212
0 03319
0
0 0232 0 Gill 0 CD587 0 C076i
0200 OHOO 0600
i
OSOO 1000
1200 1400
1600 1800
III!
-------
SENSOR; OX-COUL
,0800
0600
GT
or:
LJ
0400
0200
0
SD-
0200
0000
QTURNflL RVG FOR CMON-DRV-HR^ . 10 1 0000 TO 10 31 2300
(CORRECTED^
3D
OC661
OC670
30 3D
Q.OC735
0
30 30 30 30
0 CDS73 0 OC'*59
0 OCS21
0 CC279
30 27
Q.0328C
0 0
29
21 24 25 27 26 27 2S
0 0102 0 033^ C CHS6 0 W79
O.C22& 0.0558 0.0372 0
23
0
D647
3D 30 30 30 3D
32 0 0121 0 OlOb
0 0]2& 0 OC35?
I
0200 0400 0600 OSOO 1000
1200 ' 1400 ' 1600 ' 1800
I
2000 2200
-------
c?
i200
1000
_ SENSOR. OX-COUL
0800
0600
0400
0200
0
CR5E
2)
-.0200
DTURNPL fW& FOR CMON-DfVHHR) ii 1 0000 TO 12 1 0700
(CORRECTED)
29 25 29 23 23 23 23 23 29 23 23 27 27 28 29 23 23 23 28 28 23 28 23
Q OC7^2 0 C0356 2 CD'!3a 0 QC29T 0 0179 0.0352 0 0227 0 0120 0 00233 0 OC18S 5 00277
O.OD732 0 CJ04 G QDS93 0 GD25
-------
CL
O
C7
DTL'RNfiL ftVG FOR CMON-DRY-HR)
iOOO- SENSOR- OZONE(M)
0800
0600
0400
0200
50-
- 0200
4/ 06 OCX TO 9 30 2300
(CORRECTED1
21 21 21 21 20 20 20 20 14 15 ID 7 11
0769 0 0730 0.0715 0 0716 0 103. 0.117 0 096,?
0734 0 0721 0 0733 0 0805 0 0901 0 154 C 192
15 .8
0.0303
0
i3 21
0.073^
03 0
21 21
C.C73B
G '
21 21
Q 07S9
21 21
0 076S
0 0/Sc1 C 0771
I
I
I
0000 0200 0400 0600 OSOO
1000 ' 1200
TIME OF DflY
HOO 1600 ISOO
-------
1200,-
1000
SENSOR
0800
0600
CD
HH
h-
GT
,0400
CD
.0200
SD-
0
2
0
-.0200 -
0000
DIURNAL flVG FOR CMON-DRY-HR), 10 1 0000 TO 10 31 2300
OZONE(M)
(CORREl/
19 19 19 19
OttB 0.0178 0
0 0178 0 0169
19 19 19 18 16 14 13 15 14 15 17 IS 20 21 21 21 21 21 21
0 0124 0.0129 0 0,238 0 0467 0 0587 O.OSEj 0-0234 0 0203 0 0172
0 0135 0 GH3 0 C18R 0 034] C 0513 0 0461 0 0270 O.G237 0
0200 0400 0600 0800 1000 1200
0210
I i i i i i i i i i
-------
1000- CENSOR- OZONE(M)
.0800
T.
CL.
CL.
CD
I—I
I—
01
LJ
O
•^.
CD
.0600
.0400
,0200
0
CBSES*
SD-
- 0200
DTURNflL fWG FOR (MON-DRY-HR) ; il 1 0000 TO 12 1 0700
(CORRECTED)
pu ptf p£$ p^ P4! 24
G34.8 0,OH9 0.0159 0
0.0156 0.0157 0 CHS
24
23
22 13 19 22 23 20
0 0181 0 0358 0 OWb 0 0371 C
C 0154 0 0199 0.0^54 0 0491 0 0261
24 24 23
0 0132
0 0135
0 C13J
22 23 J3 23
0 0112 0 0101
0.0102 0.0112
I
I
I
I
I
0000 0200 0400 0600 0800
1000 ' 1200 ' BOO
TIME OF DflY
i i i i i i I i
-------
c..
•^
CD
I—I
f-
OT
I—
Z
Ld
O
O
1200 -
1000
_ SENSOR
08 GO
0600
.0400
0200
SD
0
2'
0
-.0200
0000
DIURNflL ftVD FOR CMON-DRY-HR) 3 4 0600 "TO 9 30 2300
OX-COLOR
CCORRECTFD)
2M 2H 2^ 2M 23 c23 23 22 17
C743 0.0714 0 0706 0 0735 0 102
O.C723 0 0712 0 0729 0 0791 0
18 18 i7 IS 22 22 22 24 24 24 24
0 112 0 0844 Q 0873 0 078C 0 0734 0.!
114 0 121 0 0974 0 C834 O.OG35 0 0782
0200 0400 0600
0800 ' 1000 ' 1200
i
L400 L600
ISOO 2000
24 24 24
Q 0734
0 0750 0 <
i I i
-------
1000- SENSOR; OX-COLOR
,0800
0500
0^00
o
2:
CZ7
C.J
0200
0
3D-
0200
0000
DTURNflL fWG FOR CMON-DRY-HR; . 10 1 0000 TO 10 31 2300
(CORRECTED)
23 23 23 23 23 23 23 22 20 20 20 21 20 21 22 22
0126 0.0135 0.012D 0 0112 0 0123 0 0238 0.0402 0 0'467 0 (
0.0138 0.0127 0 0111 0.0115 0 0179 0 03j.7 0 0-112 0 0350
25 25 25 25 25 25
0 0213 0.0192 0 0159
0.0212 0 0165 0 OH9
I
0200 Q400
0600 ' 0300 ' 1000 ' 1200
TIME OF DRY
-------
2..
CT1
1000
_ SENSOR, OX-COLOR
0800
0600
0400
0200
CRSES- 2
SD- °
- 0200
DTURNfiL RVG FOR (MON-DfiY-HR) - il 1 0000 TO 12 1 0700
CCORRECTFD)
24 24 24 24 24 2-* 24 24 20 22 24 23 21 24 22 2-i 24 2*» 23 23 23
-------
Q.
O
I-H
h-
cc
1000
0800
,0600
0400
0200
SD=
DIURNAL AVC FOR (MON-DRV-HR) - 9 4 0600 TO 9 30 2300
_ SENSOR: OZONE(T)
(CORRECTED)
& 19 19 19
00597 QJ
0.00821
19 19
0 00766 C.i
O.OD793 0 00800
^ i7 17 11 13 G 7 11 14 17 19 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
0 OD739 0 0203 0 03W Q 0413 0 0342 0 0169 0 OD75, 0 05745
0 00793 0 015-5 0 C266 0 0365 0 0364 0 023d 0 0137 0 00730 0 CCSi2
0200f- , , , ,
0000 0200 OHOO
0600 ' OSOO iOOO ' 1200 ' BOO
TIME OF DflY
-------
T.
C-
C.
LLJ
o
CJ
l200r-
iOOO
_ SENSOR
0800
0600
0400
,0200
ORSES-
SD-
0
2
0
- 0200-
0000
DTURNflL RVG- FOR CMQN-DRY-HR) lO 1 OOGO TQ iQ 3i 2300
OZONE(T)
(CORRECT)
23
GC8D9
23 23 23 23 22 19 16 15 17 17 15 18 21 22
V ul 00 0 OD825 0 0067& 0 00683 0 OJ15 0 0-107 C 052^ 0 0326
0 OC389 0 CC957 0 00354 0.00711 0 CDS56 0 025i 0 0478 0 0397
23
n r>-
22 23 23 23 23 23
0.0196 0 01^9 C OJ20
0 02^1 0.0126 0 0138 0.0.:,
0200 ' 0^00 0600
i i i i i i i
0800 1000 1200 BOO
1600 ' 1SOO
III!
-------
.1000
0900
27.
b 0600
c:
i i
1 '
r-
CT
^ 04QO
LLJ
0
0200
0
CR5FS- 2
5D- Q
0200
DTURNRL ftVG FOR CMON-DflV-HR) ; il l 0000 TO 12 1 0700
_ SENSOR; OZONE(T) (CORRECTED)
/ ^^^\
/ \
- ^x \
^^~-~ \^__^^
> 26 26 25 26 25 26 26 2" 20 22 2'-» 23 23 25 2^ 25 26 25 25 2t 25 20 2
GD897 0 CCS-n 0 Gm 0 OC750 0 CC395 0 02^3 C C-JQ5 0 C2D6 Q C]55 O.OC772 Q. 00325 0 OCG7
0 C1QO 0 CJ21 O.C113 0 OCS'30 0 Oj3d 0 0333 0 0344 0 0201 0 OC7-fQ 0 OCS3,? 0 GC703 0
~ 1 ! I 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 ! 1 1 I 1 I | 1
0000 0200 0400 0600 0800 1000 1200 BOO 1600 1800 2000 2200
-------
1200
. 1000
DIURNflL PVC- FOR CMQN-DfiY-HR
I SENSOR- SC2-COLQR
0800
6.
G.
0600
0400
LiJ
S-_>
^.
CD
0200
CfiSFS-
E.D-
0
2
0
- 0200|- ,
0000
0^00 TO $ 30 2300
CCORRECTFD')
21
CD348
21 21
Q.CC392
21 21
0 OC8J3
I 21
0105
21 18
0.0127
If 13
C OC789
0.0107 0.05694 0.05790 O.G13D
0 00348 0 05359
t3 \.l IS
0 0117
0 0]30
C 0119
'1 23 23 23 23 d2
0 OOS5^? 0 05537 C.C
0 0156 0 05677 0 05592
22
P
v
0200 ' OHOG
I
I
0600 QSOO 1000
I I
1200
I
I
1400 1600
1800 20GO
22
c ;
2200
22
l
-------
DJURNflL RVG FOR CMON-DRV-HR)
10001- SENSOR- S02-CQLOR
.0800
0600
,0400
LJ
o
:z:
CD
O
0200
0
GflSES=
50- °
0200
i 0000 TO 10 31 2300
(CORRECTED)
1 ]
18 18 18 IS 18 18 18 i7
GH5 0.0338 O.G]34 Q.0]^5 0
0.-Q152 0 0328 0 C333 0 0330
15
16 16 16 16 17 18
0 0133 0.020-1 0-
03^3 0 0355 0 G342
I
0000 0200
0600 0800 iOOO 1200
TIME OF DRY
18 18 i3 18 18 18 18 18
0 0325 0.0l3i 0 0156 0 0368 ,
0330 0 0320 0 03*4 0 0363 C.0358J
I I I I i I I i
-------
c?
I—'
I
or
1000
_ SENSOR- SQ2-CQLOR
0800
0600
0200
f\
SD-
DIURNflL flVG FOR CMON-DflV -HR). il 1 0000 TO 12 1 0700
(CORRECTED^
23
013B
23
0 0152
23
Q.OH5
22 22
0 OH9
22 18
0 0166
21]
21
0 0151
21 21
0 0139
20
23
Q.0238
22 22
0 012^*
22 22
0 Gill
22
0 J
0.0155 C 01% 0.01% 0 0166 0 0153 0 C152 0 0183 0 0159 0 00375 0 0119
22 22 22
3 0112
0 Cl3c 0 CHS
0200,- , ,
0000 0200
' 0600 0800 1000 1200
BOO 1600
i i i i i
-------
57
Q-
O
CE
or
LJ
<__j
^:
CD
DIURNflL RVG FOR CMON-DflV-HR)
I0oo|- SENSOR- S02-FPD
,0800
.0600
.0400
.0200
0
3D-
-.0200
3 4 060G TO 9 30 2300
(CORRECTED)
23
22 22 22 21 19 21 18 j.9 20 23
24 24 24 24 24
00725 0.00594 0 00640 0 00667 0 CD840 0 00865 0 CD382 0 012C 0 0103 0.00576 0 C0509
O.CC725 0 00705 0 00621 0 00847 0 OOSCi ------
24 24
C.038J5
G 0108
0 G163
0.0116
0 00748 O.ODflO O.CC740 0 00710
0000 ' 0200 ' 0'400 ' 0600 OSOO
lo'oo ' 1200 ' H'OO ' la'oo ' LS'OO ' 2000 ' 2200
-------
A, P-
J V —
iOOO
_ SENSOR
0800
0600
c;
c:
ct:
c:
0400
0200
GR5ES-
GO-
0
3
0
DTURNRL RVG FOR CMON-DRY-HR) 10 i oooo TO 10 M 2300
S02-FPD
(CORRECTFD)
30 3D 3D 3D 3D 3D 30
C07]3 0 OC8D6 0 OC696 0 OC722
0 OC789 O.OD7M6 0 GD784
0 OD646
30 3D 28
0 00691 0 On
0 OD647
26 26
621
C12D
0
26 29
0 G333
0 C0361
29 29 29 3D 30 30
G 00725
0 GC740 0 00770
0 05357
OC34Q
03 70S
30 3D
0 OC3D4
0 CCSjo
-.0200r- ,11111
0000 0200 0400 0600
0800 1000
i i i ) i i i i i i i i
-------
iooo_ SENSOR: S02-FPD
.0800
a.
v_x
~Z.
CD
I—'
i—
GZ
I—
z:
LJ
O
CD
0600
0400
,0200
0
GRSES-
SD-
0200
DTURNflL flVG FOR CMON-DRY-HR) . il 1 0000 TO j2 1 0700
(CORRECTED)
2) 29 23 23 23 23 2<
23 28 23
00779 0.00788 0 00779 0 OC770
0 00332
0 OC83i 0 00770 0 GCSc'2
0
27 27
0 OJ11 0
0 CJ15 0.0152
27 28 28 23 29 29
23 29 23 28 28 28
0 0193 q 00301 0 CCS'-W 0 00850 C OD674
0 0127 O.G0729 0 G0336 0 00731 0 00767
0000 0200 0400 0600 OSOO
I I I I I I I
1000 1200 1400 1600
TIME OF DRY
i i i i i i
-------
—
GT
LJ
V ,'
^r
o
i200
1000
_ SENSOR
0800
0600
0400
0200
0
2£
0
DJURNflL fiVC- FOR CM9N-DRY-HR)
0600 TO 9 30 2300
SC2-COUL
(CORRECTED^
22 22 22 22 21 21 21 21 19 19 2D 17 13 i5 :9 20 22 23 23 23 23 23 <13
0159 0-013G C 003^7 Q 0104 0 0167 0 0149 0 0129 C 0119 3 00363 0 CD648 O.OD5CL 0.0135
0 C146 0 0120 O.CD362 0 0164 G 0161 0 0165 0 OlSC 0 Olll 0 CD593 C OD443 0 C124 0 (
02QO(— I | | | | I I I I I i | | i | | | | | | | |
-------
jOOO- SFNSOR- S02-COUL
OSOO
c.
0600
I—
cc
0400
0200
0
SD-
0200
0000
DTURNflL flVCr FOR CMON-DTf-HR) . 10 1 0000 TO 10 '31 2300
(CORRECTED^
3t 30
C]35
30 3D
O.OHO
30 30
0 0112
3D 30
0 C13G
30 3D
0 0175
23 25
0 CHS
26 25
0 G20C
25 29
G QJ99
29 29
9 Gl3c
23
0
3D
30
0
30
30 3D
0 OJ94
0 0134 0 0121
0139
0 0156 0 0163 0 J]54 0 G2b8
0 C163
0 G169
0200 0400 0600 0800
1000
TIME
1200
r DRY
1400
1600
-------
I—I
I—
d
h^
L_J
CP
1200-
lOOO
_ SENSOR
0800
.600
0^00
0200
esses-
SD-
0
2
0
DTURNflL fiVG FOR CMON-DRV-HR) il 1 0000 TO 12 1 0700
S02-COUL
(CORRECTED)
28 28
23 23
27 27 25 25 25 28
28
29
0170 0.0131 0 0153 0.0159 0 0193 0 0203 0 0228 0 0326
23 28 28 27 27 27
0 019-1 0 C1S'5 C.0127
0.01% 0 OH1 0 0155
o r>
>J
16Q 0 01*33 0 0252 0 0'425 0 QcJtl 0 019-t 0 C21-I 0 0138
0 Olb6
.02001— | | | | I i I I I i I I I i i i I i i | i i
-------
o
cr
cc:
CP
DIURNfiL ftVC- FOR CMCN-D<=) Y-
1000- SENSOR b02-COND
08 QO
.0600
0400
0200
CRSFS-
SD-
0
0
9 4 0000 TO 9 30
CCQRRECTFD^
2D 25 2
23 20 20 20 IS LS 18 iS i9 IS 21 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22
0134 O.OlSi 0 013; 0 0125 0 C133 0 025J ? CdOC 0 G2S9 0 OcJ22
0213
0 0163
O.OH2 0 0139 0 0127 0 Ol6S 0 CoVI 0 OJifi C C25^
0 026; 0 Cl65 C 0166 0 Cl
-------
57
c..
C?
O
i200r-
iOOO
_ SENSOR
,0800
0600
0400
0200
0
GP,5F3= 3
SD- 0
DTURNfiL fiVG FOR (M3N-Dr-iV-HR)
0000 TO 10 3i 2300
SC2-COND
(CORRECTFD)
30 30 30
30 3D 30
CDS5.? 0.0101
0 GC344 0 00335 0 GC345 0 OILS
3D 29 27 25 25 25 25 29 23 23 23 30 3D
0 QC734 0 G033CJ 0 Ol3j 0 0123 0 G2Q8 0 0230 0 0119 O.OC66I 0 0103
0 CH6 0 0155 0 0296 0 0153
0 OSSQ6 C 05751 C
30 3D 30
0 01 OS
o oc:
- 0200- i i i i i i
0000 0200 0400 0600
I i l I I l I l 1 I i I I I I
-------
1000- SENSOR:
0800
CL.
O
ce:
O
0600
0400
0200
GR5F5-
SQ-
0
0
DIURNflL RVG FOR CMON-DflY-HR) • il 1 0000 10 12 1 0700
S02-COND
(CORRECTED)
28 28 28 28 28 23 23
0136 0 0321 0.0119 Q 0120
0 0130 O.OJ13 0 GJ19 0 i
28 27
0 0161.
25 25
0 0186
27 23
G 0250
29 23
Q C233
28 28
0 0110
28 28
0.0112
28
0 0335
7
27 27
0 0115
0165 0 0232 0 023^ 0 0163 O.CCS98 0 013^ 0 C'J17 0 G325
0200r- i i
0000 0200
' 0500 ' 0800 1000 1200 HOO
TIMF OF DRY
-------
CI?
1—I
i—
G7
I—
Z
LU
1200-
1000
_ SENSOR S02-GC -FRD
0800
0600
0400
0200
0
CflSFS- 2
SO- 0
-.0200
DJURNPL BVC- FOR CMQN-DRV-HR)
•3 '4 0600 TO 9 30 2300
(CORRECTED)
25 25 25 24
25 23 21 24 23 22 23 27 27 25 25 25 26 25 25 25
CDSSfc G.OCS93 0.00500 0 CD'I7D 0 OD563 O.CC6DG O.OD75S 0.0162 0 OD557 0 OD3rj4 0.00297 0 OC542
0 OD53S 0 OC5S9 C CD39S 0 OD6D6 0 OSG96 C. 0078-1 C.G105 0 OC771 0 00^99 0 CD23L 0 CS516 0 00'
1 i i 1 I I I I I i i I I I I I I I I I I I
-------
1000
_ SENSOR; 802-GC-FPD
0900
,0600
CD
0400
,0200
5D-
- 0200-
DIURNflL fWG FOR CMON-DRY-HR); 10 1 0000 TO iO 3i 2300
(CORRECTED")
GRSES= 2& 29 29 23
0053i 0.0160
0 GDT92 0 (
23
23 29 29 23 21 25 26 20 ?!
0 00502 0 OC627 0 00712 0 ODS64 0 0130
C
?& ?8 27 28 29 29 23 23 29 23
0 0138 0 00720 0 OC719 0 CC304 0 COS90
0 03S30 0 C177 0 C0361 0 0193 0 0111
C.GC717 0 C062a 0 CD501
C
I
I
I
I
I
0000 0200 0400 0600 0800 1000 1200 BOO 1600 1800 2000 2200
-------
1200-
iooo
_ SENSOR S02-GC-FPD
0800
,0600
0400
LJ
(_•
2:
O
0200
0
CRSE3= 2
SD- O
-.0200-
DTURNflL RVG FOR
ii j 0000 TO 12 1 0/00
(CORRECTED^
21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 2& ?& 2" 20 20 ?7 27 27 27 27 27 25 25 26
0121 0 0111 0 0112 0 0118 0 G13'4 0 Clt2 0 OJB9 0 0205 £ 0119 3 0135 0 0135 0.0103
0.0115 0 0107 0 0122 0 0122 0 0169 0 0153 0 C2*3 0 CJ52 0 0109 O.GR9 0 00377 0 01
I
!
i
i
-------
1000
_ SENSOR H2b-GC-FPD
OSOO
0600-
QHOO
0200
0
SD-
25
0
0200
PVC- TOR CMON-DRY-HR)
4 OGOO TO 9 30 2300
(CORRECTED)
25
25
214
23 23
25
CDC354 C ODC8CD 0 CDC8/b 0 OD080'» 0 050B3G 0 CDC9CJ3 0 OC15& C
0 00190 0 CDC764 0 CC'3'53c 0
23 21 24 23 23 23 27 27 25 25 25 25 25 25 25
134 0 GDlSfj 0 OCU7 0 CD145 0 CCO^Sl
0 GGG87S 0 OC123 0 CC110 O.CC1H1 0 00120 0 CD103 0 CC144 O.CD1Q7
0000 ' 0200 OH00
0600 ' 0800
1000 1200
TIME OF DRY
HOO ' 1600
-------
£_.
or
ct:
1200^
1000
I SENSOR H2S-GC-FPD
,0800
0600
0400
0200
CRSES-
SD-
0
2
0
DIURNflL fWG FOR CMON-DRY-HR); iO i 0000 TO 10 31 2300
(CORRECTFD)
29 29 29 29 23 23 29 23 27 25 25 25 20 25 28 27 23 29 29 23 23 29 29
00117 0 00115 0 00127 0 CD116 0 C0130 Q 00146 0 00233 0 00155 0 OC18& 0 00157 0 OClSi 0.00161
0 00113 0.00123 0.00119 0 0013i 0 0013:1 0 00212 0 G0203 0.00^91 0 00166 0 C0150 0 C0150 0 C
- 0200)- i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
-------
G.-
v_/
•^
C?
t—I
(
GT
I—
IZ:
LiJ
iOOO
0800
0600
0400
0200
CRSFS'
SD-
0
2
0
0200—
0000
DTURNflL fWG FOR CMON-DRY-HR) 11 1 0000 TO 12 1 0700
_ SENSOR- H2S-GC-FPD
(CORRECTED)
25
27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 2&
QC'-fSO 0 00396 0 GC365 0 CD3G8 0 OC299 0 OC237 0
0 00^2^ 0 GD36
-------
I—
cr
or
o
iOOO
DTURNPL RVC- R)R fMCN-D'-V-HR)
_ SENSOR- H2S-COLOR
0800
0600
0400
0200
0
CR5F5- L
SD-
9 <4 0600 TO 9 30 2300
'CORRECTED")
12 12 12 12 11
0572 0 05ft9 C C542
O.C571 0 C55J 0
~ 0200)- , i | 1 l ! ! I I I
0000 0200 OHOO 0600 OSOO 1000
11 11 11 10 S 6 ; g 11 13 X3 xg X3 ^ tg L3 i3 l3
0 CD291 0 C02% Q.OC319 0 ODf If 0 OC'-fl2 C ODfOL 0 0196 0 0550 0.0550
2^3 0 CD207 0 00231 0 00270 0 C539S 0 C5f 18 0 00395 0 0551 0 055D 0 (
I I I I I I I I I i I I
-------
CT
I—!
h-
GI
I—
LJ
CJ
c5
1000- SENSOR; H2S-COLQR
.0800
0600
0400
020C
0
3D-
DJURNflL RVG FOR (MON--DRY-HR) . 10 1 0000 TO 10 31 2300
(CORRECTED^
. CC546 0 G0&57 0 GC&8S 0 00783 0 G7S3 • 0 CC639 O.OC610 C OC6DC (3 005^0 0 C0551} C OC593 0 OC607
0 005% 0 C0564 0 OC61Q C 0351 0 OD627 C GD641 C OC6H8 0 G5562 0 OC5^ 0 CC57S 0 G06]l 0 CCSOC,
0200(— | | | | i I I I I I I I
0000 0200 OHOO 0600 OSOO 1000 1200
TIME Of7 DRY
BOO 1600
1 i 1 1 1
-------
c?
I—I
I—
CT
1200,-
1000
_ SENSOR H2S-COLOR
0800
0600
0400
0200
0
= 2
5D-
-.0200
DIURNAL
FOR CMON-DflY-HR^ 11 1 0000 TO 12 1 0/00
(CORRECTED 1
21
0210
21 21
c.0212
21 21
0.0215
21 21
o 0217
21 19
0 0222
G 0210 0,021H 0 0216 0.0219
15 20 20 20 19 19 20 20
C 023^ 0.0225 0 0199 0 0218
0 G224 0 0226 0 02OC
0000 0200 OHOO 0600 0300 1000
1200 ' HOO ' 1600
20 20 20 20 20 20
0 0206 Q 0209 0.0213
0.0205 0 0207 0 0211 0 C
I i I I I i I
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APPENDIX E
INSTRUMENT OPERATING PROCEDURES
The operating procedures that were followed for each Instrument
are summarized below. They are not intended to replace the original
instruction manual but to give the operator a brief guideline for
consistent operation for each instrument.
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E.I Technicon CSM-6
•
Start-up Procedure:
1. Verify that the power cords for the proportioning pumps, the
voltage stabilizer, the signal conditioner, the recorder,
heating bath, and the power plugs of the air boxes are plugged
into proper power receptacles and the power switches are in
"off" position.
2. Ascertain that appropriate optical filters are installed in
colorimeter and flow cells have correct alignment.
3. Check the hydraulic and sampling connections are secure in
accordance with flow diagram for each parameter to be measured,
and that waste lines lead into waste containers.
4. See that all reagents required are in place and connected.
5. Verify that the recorder is functioning properly.
6. Place end blocks for manifold pump tubes over platen pins and
reset platen assembly in place and lock.
7 - Turn on power to the following units:
a. colorimeter
b. the two proportioning pumps
c. the recorder
d. signal conditioner
e. heating bath
f. air boxes
8. Run reagents for approximately 20-30 minutes to insure stability.
9. Set signal conditioner balance control to 500 for each channel,
10. Set R-S-OD Selector to OD position.
11. Adjust reference and sampler apertures of colorimeter (See manual)
12. Check rotameter and adjust vacuum pump to give the calibrated air
for for each particular system.
13. Check reagent baseline and select suitable range of operation.
14. Perform dynamic calibration using permeation tube arrangement.
Daily Operation Procedure:
1. Check rotameter settings.
2. Check all connections for reagent leaks.
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3. Inspect rotameters for condensation.
4. Check reagent reservoirs to insure enough reagent to operate
for unattended period; replace fresh reagents weekly.
5. Check chart paper supply.
6. Check vacuum gauges to insure air pump is operating properly.
7. Check water level in bath - add water as needed.
8. Check instrument zero in each chennel using zero air (air
minus pollutant). Reset to zero and note drift on calibration
log.
9. Calibration each channel and note span-drift on log.
10. Not needed since inlet lines were never removed from sample
manifold.
Weekly Operating Procedures:
1. Replace reagents weekly.
2. Flush system with 2.0 N Hydrochloric Acid (HC1) for 30 minutes.
3. Flush system with distilled water for 1 hour.
4. Check calibration of rotameters.
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E.2 Mast Ozone Meter
*
Start-up Procedure:
1. (a) Inspect solution pump diaphragm replace if necessary
(b) Prepare reagent solution
(c) Fill fresh solution reservoir
(d) Partially fill waste reservoir
(e) Prime solution pump and bleed air
2. Measure air pump rate and set at (140 ml/min) with Bubble
Flowmeter.
3. Select range of operation
use range resistor 500 ft - 0-1 ppm
5000 n - O-.l ppm
or set to desired concentration.
4. Connect strip chart recorder (0-10 mV)-
5. Perform zero check and calibrate.
Routine Operating Procedure:
j,. Fill reagent reservoir every two day.
2. Empty waste reservoir every two days.
3. Check chart for reasonableness.
4. Check solution pump periodically.
5. Record date/time/scale/irregularities.
6. Run zero check and calibrate weekly.
7. Check air pump rate monthly.
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E.3 Ethylene Chemiluminescent 0~ Meter
Start-up Procedure:
1. Set air sample flow rate at 1500 cc per minute using mass flow
meter by adjusting valve (3) in Fig. 1.
2, Set ethylene flow rate to 30 cc per minute.
a. To set ethylene flow rate, first shut off needle valve
(1) to ethylene cylinder. Allow line to flush for
several minutes. Establish a 30 cc per minute flow by
adjusting needle valve (2).
b. Turn ethylene on slowly with needle valve (1) so that
bubbles in soap bubble meter flow downward at a very
slow rate. This shows an excess of ethylene.
3. Vent excess ethylene.
4. Set high voltage power supply to 1640 volts or a voltage to give
the desirable span not exceeding 1900 volts.
5. Set the electrometer to the following:
_q
Range -10 amps F.S.
Polarity - Minus
Calibrate - Normal
Buckout - Open
Attenuator - SI
6. Check dark current level with zero air and calibrate.
Daily Operating Procedure:
1. Check air sample flow rate - correct before calibration is performed.
2. Check ethylene flow rate - correct before calibration is performed.
3. Check ethylene cylinder pressure weekly.
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E.4 Philips S02 Monitor
*
Start-Up Procedure:
1. Connect cables and tubing to appropriate connectors.
2. Reagent level in coulometric cell should be on blue line--
proper level is important.
3. Note pump operation by observing air bubbling in cell.
4. Set reference voltage to 740 millivolts.
5. Place selector valve in Measurement Mode (M).
6. Check for loose tubing and cable connections.
7- Attach recorder to jack number nine.
8. Set DESIRED RANGE 0.3, 3.0, 10.0 mg S02/m3
9. Run zero check and calibrate
Daily Operating Procedure:
1. Note pump operation by air bubbles in cell.
2. Note-reagent liquid level should be at blue line at the rear
of cell.
3. Check recorder for reasonableness and excessive noise,
4. Record date/time and irregularities.
Quarterly Maintenance:
1. Replace reagent.
2. Silver gauge for interference filter.
3. Vacuum pump.
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E.5 Leeds and Northrup SCL Monitor
Start-up Procedure:
1. Fill and level wet test meter.
2. Connect monitor and wet test meter to recorder.
3. Prepare reagent absorbing solution.
4. Bleed air from reagent line.
5. Flush absorbing column with alcohol and potassium hydroxide
solution.
6. Rinse absorbing column with distilled water.
7. Set reagent pump flow rate (Setting 37), 1 ml per minute.
8. Connect monitor and wet test meter to air pump.
9. Select range of operation.
3
10. Set air flow rate (5 ft /hour).
11. Fill drain cup with water.
12. After 2 hours warm-up set zero and calibrate.
13. Set timer if integrater is used.
14. Run zero check and calibrate.
Routine Operating Procedure:
1. Check reagent reservoir level and flow rate.
2. Check for proper drainage of waste.
3. Observe liquid level in wet test meter.
4. Observe cabinet temperature (should feel warm).
5. Check air sample flow rate record.
6. To shut down flush with distilled water.
7. Record date/time/scale/irregularities.
8. Periodically rinse and clean reagent storage bottle.
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E.6 Gas Chromatograph S02 and H2S Monitor
Start-up Procedure:
1. Connect hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen gas lines to appro-
priate cylinders and leak test.
2. Connect air sample line to sampling port.
3. Set the oven temperature for the column at 50°C.
4. Set detector temperature and exhaust temperature to 100°C and
110°C respectively.
5. Connect electrometer, recorder and ignitor to flame photometric
detector unit.
6. Flush the hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen gas lines for a few
minutes and then set the nitrogen flow rate at 100 cc per minute.
7. Set the oxygen flow rate temporarily to 60 cc per minute for
lighting the faame. Press ignitor switch while starting the
hydrogen flow and increasing to a final value of 75 cc per minute.
Do not leave the ignitor switch depressed longer than 20 seconds.
8. Slowly decrease the oxygen flow rate to a final value of 15 cc
per minute.
9. Set buckout offset current to approximately 5% chart scale.
10. Run zero check and calibrate.
Daily Operating Procedure:
1. Check column, detector and exhaust temperatures—make corrections
before calibration is performed.
2. Check hydrogen and oxygen flow rates again make all corrections
before calibration is performed.
3. Reset buckout if drift is excessive—may set it before or after
calibration.
4. Check gas supply cylinders to insure that supply is sufficient
for 24-hour operation.
5. Check nitrogen if anomaly in operation occurs or after replacing
cylinder prior to calibration.
6. Check chart paper supply to insure that supply is sufficient for
24-hour operation. Change as necessary.
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E.7 Melpar SO- Analyzer
Start-up Procedure:
1. (a) Connect vacuum pump to vacuum outlet at rear of detector
chassis and plug into a 115 Vac, 60 Hz power source.
(b) Connect hydrogen line from cylinder to hydrogen inlet to
rear of detector chassis.
(c) Set range selector switch to log position, calibrate
switch to normal position, time constant switch to 1 sec, and
Buckout to zero.
(d) Set temperature controller to 70%.
(e) Connect sample inlet line to metered inlet. Plug direct
inlet with cap.
2. Turn on power and allow detector to warm up for 10 minutes.
3. Connect recorder to plug at rear of detector chassis. (Use
1 volt output).
4. Adjust air flow rate to 200 cc/min. (Setting of 57 on rota-
meter) .
5. Note recorder output. Purge R~ line for 15 seconds and shut
off. Allow 15 seconds for air to purge burner block. Depress
ignition bu on and hold while opening the H» flow control
valve. Release ignition button within 15 seconds. When flame
is lit, the recorder output returns to a slightly higher value
than the initial start position. Adjust hydrogen flow to 200
cc/min. If flame does not light, repeat the above sequence.
6. Set amplifier switch to linear range required to monitor ambient
conditions.
7. Run zero check and calibrate.
8. Refer to instrument manual for maintenance requirements, etc.
Routine Operating Procedure:
A. Daily
1. Check hydrogen cylinder pressure. Make sure regulator pressure
reads 10 Ibs/sq. inch.
2. Check air and hydrogen rotameter settings. Adjust to proper
setting, if necessary, prior to the calibration period.
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3. After setting rotameters do not adjust again until prior to
calibration period.
4. Run zero check and calibrate using diffusion tube calibration
system.
5. Note - rotameter setting periodically, do not readjust rota-
meters except prior to calibration.
B. Weekly
1. Check hydrogen pressure in cylinder. Replace cylinder when
pressure drops below 100 Ib/sq. inch.
2. Perform multi-point calibration weekly, preferably on Saturday
or Sunday.
3. Replace 18 gauge hypodermic needle to stabilize air sample flow.
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