SAN JUAN, PUERTO RICO
METROPOLITAN AREA
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The APTD (Air Pollution Technical Data) series of reports is issued by
the Office of Air Programs, Environmental Protection Agency, to report
Technical data of interest to a limited number of readers. Copies of
APTD reports are available free of charge to Federal employees, current
contractors and grantees, and nonprofit organizations - as supplies
permit - from the Office of Technical Information and Publications,
Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
27711 or from the National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port
Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 22151.
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SAN JUAN, PUERTO RICO METROPOLITAN AREA
AIR POLLUTANT EMISSION INVENTORY
Prepared by:
David S. Kircher
PB -207 7SD
~)
?
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Air Pollution Control Office
Division of Air Quality and Emission Data
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
January 1971
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The National Air Pollution Control Administration is extremely
grateful to the personnel of the Air Pollution Control Program in the
Department of Health, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Special acknowledgments are extended to Mr. Lorenzo Iqusios,
Director of Air Pollution Control, and Mr. Monefeldt, Assistant Direc-
tor.
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'I
PREFACE
This report, which presents the emission inventory for the Puerto
Rico Area, is one in a series of surveys outlining the sources and emis-
sions of air pollutants for major metropolitan areas in the country.
These surveys, conducted by the National Inventory of Air Pollutant
Emissions and Control Branch of the National Air Pollution Control
Administration, provide estimates of the present levels of air pollu-
tant emissions and the status of their control.
The pollutants, which
include sulfur oxides, particulates, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and
nitrogen oxides, are delineated with respect to source type, season of
the year and geographical distribution within the area.
The general
procedure for the surveys is based upon the rapid survey technique for
estimating air pollutant emissions.l
These reports are intended to
serve as aids in the proposing of boundaries of Air Quality Control
Regions, as directed by the Air Quality Act of 1967.
\;
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction.
Page
1
Sunnnary.
3
Description of Study Area
7
Grid Coordina te Sys tern .
11
Emissionsi".by Category
14
Transportation
14
Motor Vehicles.
14
Aircraft.
. .
15
Vessels
15
Stationary Fuel
Combustion
15
Steam-Electric Utility
19
Indus tria 1 .
19
Residential
20
Commercial-Institutional.
20
Solid Waste Disposal
25
Incineration.
25
Open Burning.
25
Industrial Processes
25
Evaporative Losses
25
Emissions by Jurisdiction
28
\.:
Emissions by Grid
38
"
Emission Densities.
45
References.
~Q
Appendix A.
53
Appendix B.
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u u
Table
LIST OF TABLES
1
Summary of Air Pollutant Emissions in the
San Juan Study Area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . .
2
Summary of Air Pollutant Emissions in the
San Juan Study Area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.....
3
Vehicle-Miles of Travel in the Study Area.
......
. . . .
4
Air Pollutant Emissions from Transportation
Sources for the Study Area. . . . . .
. . . .
.....
5
Aircraft Flights for the. Study Area.
. . . .
......
6
Natural Gas Consumption by Consumer Category
......
7
Distillate Oil Consumption by Consumer Category. .
8
Residual Oil Consumption by Consumer Category.
. . . . .
9
Air Pollutant Emissions from Stationary
Fuel Combustion. . . . . . .
...........
10
Air Pollutant Emissions from Solid Waste
Disposal Practices. . . . . . . .
. . . .
.......
11
Summary of Air Pollutant Emissions in Bayamon County
.....
12
Summary of Air Pollutant Emissions in Carolina County.
. . . .
13
Summary of Air Pollutant Emissions in Catano County. . .
14
Summary of Air Pollutant Emissions in Guaynabo County.
. . . .
15
Summary of Air Pollutant Emissions in Rio Piedras County
16
Summary of Air Pollutant Emissions in San Juan County.
. . . .
17
Summary of Air Pollutant Emissions in Toa Alta County. .
18
Summary of Air Pollutant Emissions in Toa Baja County.
. . . .
Page
5
6
16
17
18
21
22
23
24
27
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
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Table Page
19 Summary of Air Pollutant Emissions in Trujillo Alto County. 37
20 Summary of Air Pollutant Emissions from Point Sources . . . . . 40
., v 21 Summary of Air Pollutant Emissions from All Sources
. . . . . . 42
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Figure
\::.
LIST OF FIGURES
Page
1
The Island of Puerto Rico and the Puerto Rico Study Area. . . .
~
~2
Puerto Rico Study Area
9
............
. . . . .
3
Population density for Puerto Rico Study Area.. . .
. . . . . . 10
4
Grid coordinate system for Puerto Rico Study Area.
. . 13
. . . .
5
Point source locations in Puerto Rico Study Area
. . . . . . . 46
6
Sulfur Oxide emission density from all sources in
Puerto Rico Study Area.. . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 47
7
Particulate emission density from all sources in
Puer to Ri co Study Area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
8
Carbon Monoxide density from 811 sources in
Puerto Rico Study Area. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 409
9
Hydrocarbon emission density from all sources in
Puerto Rico Study Area. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 50
10
Nitrogen Oxide emission density from all sources in
Puerto Rico Study Area. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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INTRODUCTION
This report is a summary of the San Juan, Puerto Rico area air
pollutant emission inventory conducted in February, 1970.
Since all
inventories are based upon a calendar year, the data and emission
estimates are representative of 1969 and should be indicative of
the conditions which existed during that year. 2
The Study Area is comprised of nine municipalities surrounding
San Juan.
The total 1969 population was 858,300.
A grid coordinate system was used in the Study Area to show the
geographical distribution of emissions within the municipalities.
This
grid system consisted of 62 square grid zones, ranging from four square
kilometers to 16 square kilometers.
All sources of emissions were classified into one of five cate-
gories--transportation, stationary fuel combustion, solid waste dis-
posal, industrial process losses, and evaporative losses.
Using a
criteria of one ton per year minimum of sulfur oxides emissions,
approximately 53 large sources were selected and classified as point
sources.
These sources were located geographically, using a grid
reference system.
Emissions from the remainder of the sources were
distributed to the various grid zones as area sources.
These sources
~
included motor vehicle emissions, evaporative losses from filling
stations, refuse burning, small commercial and industrial facilities.
As in all emission inventories, the data presented are estimates
and should pot be interpreted as absolute values.
In some cases, the
I
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estimates are partial totals due to the lack of emission factors and
production or consumption data.
Despite these limitations, the esti-
mates are of sufficient accuracy and validity in defining the extent
and distribution of air pollutant emissions within the Study Area.
J
2
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SUMMARY
The annual emissions as estimated by the San Juan Metropolitan
Area Air pollutant Emission Inventory are:
Sulfur Oxides
Particulates
Carbon Monoxide
Hydrocarbons
Nitrogen Oxides
89,000
7,600
142,200
25,940
32,300
The following is a brief description of the air pollutant emissions
as presented in Table 1 and Table 2.
Sulfur Oxides:
The largest portion of the sulfur oxides emitted
came from the steam-electric plants located in the
Study Area.
Together these plants accounted for
83 percent of total sulfur oxides.
The combustion
of fossil fuels by other stationary sources accounted
for 14 percent of the sulfur oxides emitted.
The re-
maining 3 percent was distributed under motor vehicles,
refuse disposal and small industries.
Particulates:
The majority of the particulate emission (74%) came
from transportation and stationary fuel combustion
sources.
Individual sources of particulates from in-
\..
dustria1 processes accounted for only 5 percent of
total particulate emissions.
The open burning of
"
solid waste was the only other significant source of
particulates, accounting for 21 percent of the total.
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Carbon Monoxide:
Hydrocarbons:
Nitrogen Oxides:
~
In most metropolitan areas the largest source. of
~ ,~
carbon monoxide emissions is from automobiles and
other motor vehicles.
This was also true in Puerto
Rico as motor vehicles contributed 59 percent of the
carbon monoxide emitted annually.
Other transporta-
tion sources contributed another 25 percent.
The only other significant source of carbon monoxide
was from process sources.
This category accounted
for about 10 percent of the total emissions.
Exhaust gases from motor vehicles was the primary
source of hydrocarbon emissions, accounting for 54
percent of the total.
Other smaller evaporative loss
sources including gasoline storage and handling, in-
dustria1 solvent usage, dry cleaning plants, and mis-
cellaneous solvent usage, collectively accounted for
29 percent of total emissions.
Other sources included
the open burning of solid waste, aircraft operations,
and stationary fuel combustion.
The largest sources of nitrogen oxides were the steam-
electric plants.
The combustion of fuel at these
plants accounted for 60 percent of total nitrogen
~
oxide emissions.
Transportation sources accounted
for 28 percent of total emissions.
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TABLE 1
SUMMARY OF AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS IN STUDY AREA
(Tons/Year, 1969)
Sulfur Partic- Carbon Hydro- Nitrogen
Source Category Oxides ulates Monoxide carbons Oxides
Transportation
Road Vehicles 500 900 83,790 7,000 5,730
Other 1,970 2,040 36,280 6,970 3,260
Sub-total 2,470' 2,940 120,070 13,970 8,990
Combustion of Fuels in
Stationary Sources
Industry 11 ,810 720 60 60 2,280
Steam-Electric 73,430 1,880 40 600 19,230
Residential 0 0 0 0 0
Conunercial and
Institutional 1,000 120 10 10 570
Sub-total 86,240 2,720 110 670 22,080
Refuse Disposal
Incineration 0 0 0 0 0
Open Burning 100 1,580 8,380 2,960 1,080
Sub-total 100 1,580 8,380 2,960 1,080
Industrial Processes 180 400 13,680 780 120
Evaporative Losses 7,560
GRAND TOTAL 88,990 7,640 142,240 25,940 32,270
~
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./'
./
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.- \."/
TABLE 2
SUMMARY OF AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS IN STUDY AREA, 1969
(103 Kg/Year)
Sulfur Partic-- Carbon Hydro- Nitrogen
Source Category Oxides ulates Monoxide carbons Oxides
Transportation
Motor Vehicles 450 820 76,010 6,350 5,200
Other 1,790 1,850 32,910 6,320 2,960
Subtotal 2,240 2,670 108,920 12,670 8,160
Stationary Fuel
Combustion
Industry 10,710 650 50 50 2,070
Steam-Electric 66,620 1,710 40 540 17,450
Residential 0 0 0 0 0
Connnercial and
Institutional 910 110 10 10 520
Subtotal 78,240 2,470 100 600 20,040
Refuse Disposal
Incineration 0 0 0 0 0
Open Burning 90 1,430 7,600 2,690 980
Subtotal 90 1,430 7,600 2,690 980
Industrial Processes 160 360 12,570 710 110
Evaporative Losses 6,860
GRAND TOTAL 80,730 6,930 129,190 23,530 29,290 w
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DESCRIPTION OF STUDY AREA
The San Juan, Puerto Rico Study Area consists of nine municipal i-
ties located in the northeast section of the island.
These municipali-
ties are Bayamon, Guaynabo, Rio:Pi~dras".Toa Alta,To~ Baja, Catano)
San Juan, Carolina and Trujillo Alto.
The population of 858,000 is 32 percent of the total population
of Puerto Rico.
Figure I shows the Study Area in relation to the island
of Puerto Rico.
Figure 2 is a detailed map of the Study Area, showing
the municipality boundaries and the local bodies of water.
The nine municipalities comprising the Study Area are located
along the northern coastal plain of Puerto Rico, between the Atlantic
Ocean and the central mountain range, which includes 36 percent of the
island land area.
The land of the coastal plain slopes gradually up-
ward to the central mountain area forming low foot hills to the south
of the region.
Temperatures within the Study Area maintain an average of 750 F.
in the winter and 800 F. in the summer.
The trad~ winds prevail on the
island from the east, northeast, and southeast.
These prevailing wind
directions in conjunction with the foothills in the southern portion
of the region tend to channel pollutants from the Study Area in a
~
westerly direction.
Due to the trade winds and the mountains blocking
these winds, San Juan averages only five days a year without sunshine?
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ATLANTIC OCEAN
SAN JUAN
N
CARIBBEAN SEA
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POPULATION DENSITY,
persons/mi *
0 - 1000
1,000-6,000
6,000 - 15,000
15,000 - 25,000
25,000 - 35,000
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"
GRID COORDINATE SYSTEM
A grid coordinate system based on the Universal Transverse Mer-
cator Projection (UTM) was used in the San Juan, Puerto Rico Study
Area to indicate the geographical distribution of emissions.
A map
showing the grid coordinate system is presented in Figure 4.
An evaluation of all the available coordinate systems was comp1e-
ted before the UTM system was chosen.
The more convenient systems
evaluated were the State Plane, the Longitude-Latitude, and the UTM.
Although each of the systems had valuable qualities, the UTM coordi-
nate system was thought to be essential to meet the requirements of
these emission inventories.
Two primary requisites of the grid coordinate system were used to
evaluate each system.
The first requirement was the presence -of square
grid zones, since the data were to be used in meteorological dispersion
models.
The grid zone projections of the UTM and most of the State
Plane systems are always square, but the longitude-latitude system
projects grid zones that become skewed as the zones become further from
the equator.
The second requirement was consistency.
Each emission
inventory should be conducted on a grid coordinate system which uses
the same reference point throughout the Study Area.
Since some air
".
'-
pollutant inventories might include areas in two or more states, the
State Plane systems could not be used.
However, the UTM system, as
well as the longitude-latitude system, is not referenced to points
in individual states, and thus is not influenced by jurisdictional
boundaries.
The UTM system was chosen because it was the only prevalent
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coordinate system which can project square grid zones over any Study
Area using a common reference point.
The Universal Transverse Mercator Projection is based upon the
metric system.
Each north-south and east-west grid line is identified
by a coordinate number expressed in metric, as illustrated in Figure 4.
Each point source and grid, using its geographical center, is identi-
fied by a horizontal and vertical coordinate to the nearest 100 meters.
Grid zones of different sizes were used in the grid coordinate
system to allow a satisfactory definition of the geographical grada-
tion of emissions and to limit the number of grid zones.
A basic
grid square of two kilometers was used over the more heavily populated
areas.
Four of these basic squares were combined to form a grid zone
of eight kilometers, extending the reference system in the more
sparsely populated and industrialized regions.
Nineteen 8 kilometer
grids and forty-three 4 kilometer grids were used, totaling 62 grid
zones.
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CAROLINA
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EMISSIONS BY CATEGORY
For the purposes of compiling the basic data and emission estimates,
the air pollutant sources were classified into the following five cate-
gories:
Transportation
Fuel Combustion in Stationary Sources
Solid Waste
Industrial Processes
Evaporative Losses
TRANSPORTATION
Three types of transportation sources in this survey are considered--
motor vehicles, aircraft and vessels.
Motor vehicles, which are by far
the most significant sources in this category, are further divided
according to fuel type--gasoline or diesel.
Motor Vehicles
Over 1.1 billion miles were traveled by motor vehicles in 1969 in
the San Juan Study Area.
In the process, over 86 million gallons of
gasoline and 7 million gallons of diesel fuel were consumed for highway
purposes in the Study Area.
METHODOLOGY:
Vehicle-miles of travel were arrived at from traffic
flow maps supplied by the San Juan Department of Public Works.
These
maps only included flow volumes along major arteries in the Study Area,
so gasoline and diesel travel on the remaining roads had to be deter-
mined from fuel consumption data.
An average miles-per-gal10n figure
was used in conversion of fuel data to vehicle-miles of travel.
Approximately 1.5 to 2.0 percent of gasoline is lost from gasoline
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tank and carburetor losses.
(This is exclusive of hydrocarbon exhaust
emissions.)
It was assumed that no diesel fuel was lost from evapora-
tion.
Since 1963 the majority of new automobiles were equipped with
positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) valves that reduce hydrocarbon
emissions about 90 percent.
It was assumed that only 20 percent of
the automobiles were not equipped with PCV valves due to lag time in
automobile replacement.
RESULTS:
Table 3 contains vehicle miles by jurisdiction for
the Study Area.
Emissions from motor vehicles are included in Table 4.
Aircraft
There are two major airports in the Study Area:
Isla Grande and
International.
Operations were supplied by the local air pollution
agency.
Table 5 lists aircraft activity in the Study Area.
Emissions
from aircraft are given in Table 4.
Vessels
Information of the vessel traffic and fuel use in San Juan Harbor
was obtained from the local air pollution program personnel.
Fuel data
for Navy vessels were obtained from the San Juan Naval Station.
Emissions from vessels are included in Table 4.
FUEL COMBUSTION IN STATIONARY SOURCES
The stationary fuel combustion category is concerned with any fixed
source which burns fuels for either space heating or process heating.
The four primary sources in this category are industrial facilities,
steam-electric p1.ants, residential housing, and commercial and institu-
tional establishments.
In the San Juan area, natural gas, distillate
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TABLE 3 VEHICLE-MILES PER DAY IN THE STUDY AREA, 1969
County Gasoline Vehic1e~ Diesel Vehicle- Total
Mi1eai. Miles
Bayamon 407,200 14,800 422,000
Carolina 379,200 13,800 393,000
Catano 80,100 2,900 83,000
Guaynabo 284,700 10,300 295,000
Rio Piedras 970,800 35,200 1,006,000
San Juan 590,600 21,400 612,000
Toa Alta 22,200 800 23,000
Toa Baja 165,000 6,000 171 ,000
Truji 110 Al to 63,700 2,300 66,000
TOTAL 2,963,500 107,500 3,071,000
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TABLE 4 SUMMARY OF AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS FROM
TRANSPORTATION SOURCES, 1969
(Ton/Year)
Sulfur Partie - Carbon Hydro- Nitrogen
Source Category Oxides u1ates Monoxide carbons Oxides
Road Vehicles
Gasoline 340 460 83,550 6 ,460 4,840
Diesel 160 440 240 550 890
Sub-total 500 900 83,790 7,010 5,730
Aircraft
Jet n 1,710 1,180 340 1,030
Piston n 160 35,060 6,570 1,650
Turboprop 0, 0 0 0 0
Sub-total n 1,870 36,240 6,910 2,680
Railroads 0 0 0 0 0
Vessels 1,970 180 30 50 580
GRAND TOTAL 2,470 2,950 120,060 13 ~ 970 8,990
n = negligible
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. ~ I
I
TABLE 5
AIRCRAFT ACTIVITY IN THE STUDY AREA, 1969
(Flights/Year)
Number of Engines
Type Engine 1 2 3 4
International Airport
Jet Conventional 0 0 0 1,004
Piston 34,200 67,700 0 9,000
Isla Grande Airport
Piston 93,500 93,500 0 17,400
!
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oil and residual oil were all in widespread use.
Table 6 throu~h
Table 8 present a summary of the fuels consumed in the Study Area.
Steam-Electric Utility
METHODOLOGY:
Data on the power plants in the area were acquired
from questionnaires supplied by the local air pollution control agency.
The data included the annual fuel consumption for 1969, type and effi-
ciency of control equipment, sulfur and ash content of the fuel and
the type of furnace.
RESULTS:
All of the power plants in the area use residual
oil-fired boilers with the exception of auxilary gas turbines.
Appro-
ximately 370 million gallons of oil were consumed in these boilers in
1969.
Air pollutant emissions from fuel combustion at these plants as
well as from all other fuel combustion sources are summarized in Table.
9.
The steam-electric plants were the largest sources of sulfur oxides
and nitrogen oxides in the Study Area.
Over 82 percent of the total
sulfur oxides from stationary fuel combustion and 59 percent of the
nitrogen oxides were attributed to power plants.
Industrial
METHODOLOGY:
Fuel consumption for a large number of industrial
sources was available on an individual basis.
Since this is a rapid
survey only the 37 largest sources were selected as point sources.
The remaining sources were considered collectively as area sources and
their fuel use was based on the difference between the total and,the
amount consumed by the largest sources.
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The total quantities of residual and distillate fuel oil con-
sumed by industries were obtained from local air pollution personnel.
No space heating is necessary at industrial plants.
RESULTS:
Distillate oil and residual oil were used by in-
dustrial sources in the Study Area.
The consumption of these fuels is
s~rized in Tables 7 and 8.
Table 9 shows the relative contribution of each fuel to the total
emissions from stationary fuel combustion.
Industrial sources account
for 14 percent of total sulfur oxide emissions, 27 percent of particu-
lates, 75 percent of carbon monoxide, 9 percent of hydrocarbons, and 10
percent of nitrogen oxides from stationary fuel combustion.
Residential
Since use of fuel for space heating is virtually nonexistent in
the Study Area, emissions from fuel combustion (cooking and water heat-
ing) are considered negligible.
Commercial-Institutional
METHODOLOGY:
Commercial and institutional establishments in the
Study Area used three types of fuel--distillate and residual oil and
natural gas.
Data on the total amounts of these fuels used in the area
as well as the consumption at individual establishments were supplied
by questionnaires on individual sources supplied by the local agency.
- i
RESULTS:
The use of fuel oil at commercial and institutional
establishments was by far the most significant source of emissions from
. :
this category.
The contribution to total stationary fuel combustton
20
. '
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TABLE 6
NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION BY USER CATEGORY, 1969
(millions of cubic feet)
Jurisdic tion Steam-Electric Industrial Commercial Residential
Bayamon 359
Carolina -- 217
Catano 73
Guaynabo -- 182
Rio Piedras 987
San Juan 548
Toa A1 ta 58
Toa Baja 94
Tt'uj:U 10 Al to 84
TOTAL 2602
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TABLE 7
DISTILLATE OIL CONSUMPTION BY CONSUMER CATEGORY, 1969
3
(10 Gallons)
Commercial
Jurisdiction Steam-Electric Industry Institutional Residential
Bayamon 278 1,074
Carolina 90 687
Catano ° 236
Guaynabo 740 545
Rio Piedras 269 3,394
San Juan 310 1,831
Toa Al ta ° 175
Toa Baja ° 280
Trujillo Alto ,1;4 252
TOTAL 1,702 8,474
. I
I
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TABLE 8
RESIDUAL OIL CONSUMPTION BY CONSUMER CATEGORY, 1969
3
(10 Gallons)
c- -
Jurisdiction Steam-Electric Industrial Cormner cia 1-
Insti tutiona1
Bayamon 14,196
Carolina 653 768
Catano 240 ,681 2,632 18
Guaynabo 37,907 62
Rio Piedras 128,772 2,680 1,091
San Juan 984 1,150
Toa Al ta
Toa Baja 722
Trujillo Al to 1,915 52
TOTAL 369,453 61 ,689 3,142
-'
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TABLE 9
AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS FROM STATIONARY FUEL COMBUSTION, 1969
(Tons/Year)
Su lfur Partie - Carbon Hydro- Nitrogen
Fuel User Category Oxides u1ates Monoxide c:arbons Oxides
Fue 1 Oil
Industrial 11,810 720 60 60 2,280
Steam-Electric 73,430 1,850 10 590 19,210
Residential 0 0 0 0 0
Commercial and
Institutional 1,000 100 10 10 420
Gas
Industrial ,0 0 0 0 0
Steam-Electric 0 0 0 0 0
Residential ,110 0 0 0 0
Connnercial and
Institutional N 20 N N 150
GRAND TOTAL 86,240 2,690 . 80 660 22,060
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emissions from these establishments was relatively minor.
SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL
Total solid waste generated in the Study Area was arrived at by
applying a per capita generation rate of 3.5 pounds/day.
Information
on the methods of disposal was obtained from the Environmental Health
Program, Department of Health in San Juan.
Incineration
There were no large commercial or municipal incineration in use
in the area.
Information on industrial waste was not available.
Open Burning
Of the four large dumps in the Study Area only one is a sanitary
landfill.
The remaining three are the open burning type.
Daily ton-
nages were available from the Environmental Health Program for these
dumps.
Solid waste not disposed of in one of the four dumps was as-
sumed to be disposed of by on-site open burning.
Emissions were appor-
tioned to the grids by population.
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
Industrial processes are a very minor source of pollutants in this
area.
Within this category the major sources are:
concrete batching,
asphalt batching, a fertilizer plant and a petroleum refinery.
EVAPORATIVE LOSSES
The only significant source of hydrocarbons due to evaporative
losses is gasoline storage and handling.
Emissions were calculated
-------
TABLE'10
AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS FROM SOLID-WASTE DISPOSAL, 1969
<.- -
(Tons/Year)
Sulfur partic- Carbon Hydro- Nitrogen
Category Oxides ulates Monoxide carbons Oxides
Open Burning
On-site 60 970 5,170 1,820 670
Dump 40 600 3,210 1,130 420
Sub-total 100 1,570 8,380 2,950 1,090
GRAND TOTAL 100 1,570 8,380 2,950 1,990
-------
EMISSIONS BY JURISDICTION
- ~
The previous section presented the air pollutant emissions by
source category.
Tables 11 through 19 present the emissions by
jurisdiction to show the contribution of each municipality to the pol-
lution in the entire Study Area.
-------
c.
TABLE 11 SW-iMARY OF AIR POLLUTANT E'l:ISSIONS
IN BAYA MON COUNTY
TONS/YFAR
SOURCE CATEGORY SOX PART CO HC ~WX
TRANSPORTATION
ROAD VEHICLES 68. 122. 13053. 1055. 785. .
OTHER o. o. o. o. o.
SUR-TOTAL 68. 122. 130~3. 1055. 785.
COfoARUSTION OF FUELS
INDUSTRY 2500. 165. 1 'h 14. 520.
STEAM-ELEC o. Q. o. o. o.
RESIDENTIAL o. o. o. o. o.
cow", AND INST. 54. 11. 1. 1. 59.
SUR-TOTAL 2554. 176. 15. 15. 580.
r-{EFUSE DISPOSAL
INCINERATION o. o. o. o. O.
'JPEN BURNING A. 134. 714. 251. 92.
SUR-TOTAL R. 134. 714. 251. 92.
PROCESS 183. 3. 13650. 766. 95.
-------
TABLE 12 SUMMARY OF AIR POLLUTANT n-1 I SS IONS
IN CAROLINA COUNTY
TONS/YEAR
SOURCE CATEGORY SOX PAin co HC NOX
TRANSPORTATION
ROAD VEHICLES 64. 115. 10941. 910. 734.
OTHER o. 99. 21754. 4082. 1020.
SUR-TOTAL 64. 214. 32695. 4993. 1755.
COMBUSTION OF FUELS
IN DU S TRY 102. 7. 0.. o. 26.
STEAM-ELEC o. o. o. o. o.
RES I DEN TI AL o. o. o. O. o.
COMM AND INST. 180. 16. 1. 1. 65.
SUR-TOTAL 282. 24. 2. 2. 91.
REFUSE DISPOSAL
INCINERATION o. o. o. o. o.
OPEN BURNING 29. 464. 2467. 870. 319.
SUA-TOTAL 29. 464. 2467. 870. 319.
PROCESS o. 335. Ooo O. o.
EVAP LOSSES 902.
-------
(.
TABLE 13 SU"'1o'-1ARY OF AIR POL.LUTANT E,'I;ISSIONS
IN CATANO COUNTY
TONS/YEAR
.SOURCE CATFGORY SOX PART CO HC i'JOX
TRANSPORTATION
~OAD VEHICLES 13. 24. 19"iR. 170. 154.
OTHER o. o. o. o. o.
SUA-TOTAL 13. 24. 195R. 170. 154..
co~.mlJS T ION OF FUE"LS
INDUSTRY 497. 30. 2. 2. 95.
STEAM-ElEC 47835. 1224. 25. 391. 12529.
RESIDENTIAL o. o. o. o. o.
COMM AND INST. 15. 2. o. o. 13.
SUR-TOTAL 48348. 1257. 28. 394. 12638.
REFUSE DISPOSAL
INCINERATION n. o. o. o. o.
OPEN BURNING 7. 117. 622. 219. 80.
SUA-TOTAL 7. 117. 6?'2. 219. 80.
PROCESS o. 22. 21. 6. 13.
EVAP LOSSES 207.
-------
TABLE 14 SUMMARY OF AIR POLLUTANT E.\1I 55 IONS
TN GUA YN I\RO COUNTY
TONS/YEAR
SOURCE CATEGORY SOX PAI
-------
~
TABLE 15 SUMMARY OF AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS
It..! RIO PIEDRAS COUNTY
TONS/YEAR
SOURCE CATEGORY SOX PART CO HC NOX
TRANSPORT AT 10'-"
[-WAD VEH I CLES 164. 295. 27376. 22lj8. 1880.
OTHER 912. 48. 4. 4. 116.
SUR-TOTAL 1137. 344. 27331. 2293. 2056.-
COMF~liSTION OF FUELS
INDUSTRY 491. 32. 1. 2. 105.
STF.AI'.!-ELEC 25593. 652. 11. 208. 6702.
RESIDENTIAL o. o. o. o. o.
COMM AND INST. 379. '+ 1. 4. 4. 218.
SUB-TOTAL 26464. 732. 19. 215. 1026.
REF JSE DISPOSAL
INCINERATION o. O. u. o. O.
OPEN BURNING 23. 369. 1963. 692. 254.
SUR-TOTAL 23. 369. 1963. 692. 254.
PROCESS o. 23. 9. 2. 6.
-------
TABLE 16 SUW-iARY OF AIR POLLUTANT EM.I5SIONS
IN SAN JUA"J COU~TY
TONS/YEAR
SOURCE CATFGORY SOX PART CO HC NOX
TRM!SPOIH A T IO~'
rWAD VD-/ rCLES 100. 1 79. 19 a 04. 1538. 1143.
OTHER 11. 1844. 14512. 2874. 1887.
SUR-TOTAL 111. 2()2:~. 13516. 4412. 3030."
CO~~PUST IO:'-J OF FUELS
IN DU S TRY 212. 14. 1. 1. 48.
STFA~1-fLEC '1. O. o. o. o.
RESIDENTIAL o. O. o. O. o.
COM~ AND INST. ?89. 32. 3. 3. 140.
SUR-TOTAL 507. 46. I.. 4. 188.
REFUSE DISPOSAL
INCINERATION o. o. o. O. O.
OPEN BURNING 12. 204. 10RA. 384. 140.
SUR-TOTAL 12. 204. 10RR. 384. 140.
PROCESS O. 4. o. O. o.
-------
TABLE 17
SOURCE CATFGORY
T q J\ t\J S P 0 R TAT I 0'"
ROAD VEHICLES
OTHER
SUA-TOTAL
cor.-RlJSTION OF FUELS
HIDUS TRY
STEAM-ELEC
RFSIDENTIAl.
COM~'1 AND I NST .
SUR-TOTAL
REFUSE DISPOSAL
INCINERATION
OPEN BURNING
SUR-TOTAL
PROCESS
fVAP LOSSES
SUMMARY OF AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS
IN TOA ALTA COU~TY
TONS/YEAR
sox
PART
CO
3.
o.
'3.
6.
o.
6.
4q2.
o.
4 R2.
o.
o.
o.
R.
13.
o.
o.
o.
1.
1 .
o.
o.
o.
o.
o.
o.
3.
'1.
o.
51.
51.
o.
271.
271.
o.
o.
o.
HC
43.
o.
43.
o.
o.
o.
O.
o.
o.
95.
95.
o.
79.
NOX
42.
o.
42.
o.
o.
O.
9.
9.
o.
35.
35.
-------
TABLE 18 SUf"1rv1ARY OF AIR POllUTAI\;T E:v1ISSIONS
IN TO/\ BAJA eOUfliTY
TONS/YEAR
SOURCE CATFGORY ~OX PART eo He NOX
TRJ\/\JSPORTAT IO"J
f?OAD VEH I CLES 28. 50. 376~. 335. 319.
OTHER o. o. o. o. o.
SUR-TOTAL 28. 50. 3765. 335. 319.
CO (1-1 RUST ION OF FUELS
INDUSTRY . 135. 8. o. o. 25.
STEAM-ElEC o. o. o. o. o.
RESIDENTIAL o. o. o. o. o.
CO'vlM AND INST. 14. 2. o. o. 15.
SUR-TOTAL 149. 11. 1. 1. 41.
REFUSE DISPOSAL
INCINERATION o. o. o. o. o.
OPEN BURNING 8. 136. 727. 256. 94.
SUR-TOTAL 8. 136. 727. 256. 94.
r'ROCFSS o. 6. o. o. o.
EVAP lOSSES 393.
-------
(-
()
t
TABLE 19 SUMi\1ARY OF AIR POLLUTANT PH SS IONS
IN TRUJ ALTO COUNTY
TONS/YEAR
SOURCE CATFGORY SOX PART CO HC NOX
TRANSPORT AT I or~
ROAD VEHICLFS 10. 19. 1392. l~ 5. 122.
OTHER o. o. o. o. o.
SUR-TOTAL 10. 19. 1392. 125. 122. .
Cm;'RUSTION OF FUELS
PWUSTRY 378. 22. 1. 1. 69.
STEA~-ELF:C o. o. o. o. o.
RESIDENTIAL o. o. o. O. o.
COMt-.1 AND I"'ST. 20. 3. o. o. 15.
SUR-TOTAL 399. 25. 2. 2. 85.
REFUSE DISPOSAL
1 "I C I N F: RAT I ON o. u. o. O. O.
OPEN AURNING 1. 31. 165. 58. 21.
SUB-TOTAL 1. 31. 165.. 58. 21.
PROCESS o. o. o. u. o.
-------
EMISSIONS BY GRID
~ ~
To define the geographical variation of air pollutant emissions
in the Study Area, the resulting emissions were apportioned on the grid
coordinate system.
The emissions were divided into two source groups--
point sources and area sources.
The 53 point sources are identified in-
dividua11y with respect to location and emissions.
Each of these point
sources emit more than 1.0 ton per year of Sulfur Oxides.
Figure 5 shows the location of most of the point sources in the
area.
Collectively, the 53 point sources account for 96 percent of
the sulfur oxides, 71 percent of particulates, 37 percent of carbon
monoxide, 44 percent of hydrocarbons and 76 percent of nitrogen oxides.
The percent contribution to carbon monoxide emissions is low because
motor vehicles, which are area sources account for 59 percent of the
total carbon monoxide emissions.
Table 20 presents the emissions of
point sources.
Area sources are sources of emissions that are insignificant by
themselves, but as a group emit a significant amount.
Examples are
motor vehicles, light commercial and industrial establishments and
backyard burning.
The emissions fram area sources have been added to
that for point sources to obtain total emissions by grid as given in
Table 21.
The emissions are presented for an average annual day, and average
winter day (December, January, February) and an average summer day,
(June, July, August).
The annual average daily emission rates were
obtained by dividing yearly totals by 365.
Seasonal averages were
38
-------
o '"'
v -
\.
"
. .-:$"-":;-
.-.,;
calculated by the use of space heating variations in fuel consumption.
-------
TABLE 20 SUMMARY OF AIR POLLUTANT ErHSSIONS FROM POINT SOURCES
TO~S/YEAR
SOX PART CO HC NOX
ID (jR HC VC S ~I A S ~! A S ,~ A S iN A S W A
2 2 17950068300 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 O.UO 0.05 0.05 0.05
2 2 17950068300 0.') 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2 6 18322069440 1.6 1.6 1.6 0.09 0.J9 0.1.19 0.,)0 0.00 O.(.;U 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.30 0.30 0.30
2 6 1827i069470 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.01 O.ul O.vl 0.00 0.01,) 1.1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.04
4 6 182~069150 71.0 71.0 7iJ.1 1.78 1.78 1. f6 0.00 0.00 v.vO 0.57 0.57 0.S6 18.60 18.60 18.34
4 2" 187OZ065870 132.8 132.8 131.1) 3.34 3.34 3.29 0.01 0.01 u.Ol 1.06 1.06 1.1)5 34.76 34.76 34.28
4 6 18216069150 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.02 0.02 0.:)2 o.iJ2 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01
5 6 18260068750 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.24 0.24 0.24 1030 1.30 1.30 0.46 U.46 6.46 0.16 0.16 0.16
7 A 18780069330 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.114 4.84 4.84 39.69 39.69 39.69 7.75 7.75 7.75 4.54 4.54 4.54
1 9 18960069710 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01
2 ~ 1890(,,068450 0.0 0.:) 0.0 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1 10 1901"'068120 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 a.vo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.1)0 0.01 0.01 0.01
1 10 1903/069320 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 o.uo 0.00 0.00 lJ.Oti 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01
1 10 19070069250 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 O.UU 0...;0 O. (.Iv ,). au lJ.ou o.uo o.uo O.UO 0.01 0.01 0.01
10 1901£1069450 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01
3 10 19125069150 0.0 0.0 u.o (J.on 0.00 U.vO 0.00 0.00 o.V\! li 8\)0 0.00 0.00 O.OI 0.01 0.01
2 15 1769<11064270 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.01 0.01 O.Ul 0.00 ".00 0.00 0.00 0.00 o.UO 0.00 0.00 0.00
5 15 1759~064930 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.27 0.27 0.2.1 1.48 1.48 1.48 0.52 0.52 0.52 0.19 0.19 0.19
2 17 18210066300 0.3 0.3 0.3 O.O? O.U2 O.UZ o.uo a.ou U.(JO o.no v.ou 0.00 0.07 (;.07 0.07
2 19 1864'+-066190 0.1 0.1 (J.l 0.01 0.,,1 v.vl o.ou O.ou v.OO ~J.O() V.OO O.UO 0.03 0.03 0.03
2 19 1864,\06611 70 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.01 0.01 O...;} 0.00 0.00 1.1.00 a.()o o.ou O.0~) a.a5 0.05 0.05
2 21 1902Qo 679 0 0.7 0.7 0 .7 0.04 O.U4 0.'.)4 f.lofJ,J u.oo ;). O() 0.00 o.ou v. Uf, 0.13 0.13 0.13
1 23 1960!:J067740 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.00 o.UO 0.1)0 v.oo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 O.Urj 0.02 0.02 0.02
1 23 1962'+067830 0.1 0.1 ().1 0.00 0.00 0.00 ~j .l)d 0.00 0.00 o.or. 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02
40
-------
(' ()
tABLE 20 (continued)
7 2' 19 74(.()6 7640 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.27 0.27 0.27 59.60 59.60 59.60 11.18 B.18 .11.!8 2.79 2.79 2.79
2' 25 18390064660 6.9 6.9 6.9 0.43 0.4) 0.43 37.43 37.4} 37.43 2.13 2.13 2.13 1.59 1.59 1059
2 25 18295065360 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 a.oo 0.00 0.00 '0.00 0.00 cr.OO 0.00 0.00 0.00
2 26 18578065020 15.8 15.8 15.8 0.92 I 0.92 0.92 0.07 0.01 0.07 0.07 0.01 0.07 2.88 2.88 2.88
l 27 1~65'W65150 0.3 0.3 0.' 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 .0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.07 0.07
2 27 186,t-065230 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0..00 0.04. 0.04 0.04
2 27 18621065320 ,.8 0.22 o.cn 0.01 0.01 0.01 0..01 " 0.68 0.68'
1.A :3.8 0.22 U.ll o.o~ 0.68
~~.;. \
'It 27 1870;tD65870 0.0 0.0. 0.0 :).05 0.U5 0.05 o.qs 0.05 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.03
!
2 28 18U7065sn, 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.01 0..01 0.01 o.qO 0.0.0 0.00 o~oo 0.00 0'.00 0 .0': 0.0'4 0.04
2 28 1881"1065710 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 o.qo \1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.\)0 0.01 0.()Ji- 0.01
\
~ 29 1«)143065790 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.01 0.01 0.01 o.do 0.00 u.oo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.04
!
a :w ~n2006') 750 ,,0.0 o.(t 0..0. o,oQ- o..~o 0.0.0 ::1: 0.00 0.00 G.oo 0.00 0.00. 0.01 0,,01 0.01'
., U 17259{)60UO 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.42 0.42 . 0.15 0.15 0.15' o.os o.CiS 0.05
Z .32. n.6~063t60 '0.0 0...0 .0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.+ . 0.00 .0.00 0.00 0.00' o.'o~ 'ChOl o.o:~ 0.01
2 17 18119062280 o,~o 0..0 0.0 o.QO 0.00 u.oo o.~o. 0.00 0.00 0..00 0.00. .0.00 0.01 0 . f).1 0.01
2 1919015062500 O:~T 0.7 0.7 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ;9:014 0.14 0.14
2 ., 19U50627S0 0;.'0 o~o 0.0 ~.02 0.02 0 . 0.2 0.6,0' 0.00 0.60 0.<10 0.00 0.00 0.00 ' 0.00 0.00
2 !9 19.US(627)() 0.0 .<1.0 0.0 C).co 0-.00 0.00 o..~; 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2 '9 1915!:)062730 0.0 0.0 0.'0 0.01 '0.01 0.1)1 o.op 0.00 Q.OO 0.00 0.00 t/.oo 0.00 0.00 0.00
I
3 39 19011062740 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.08 0.08
;,
1 40 191tl:lo "'2910 0.0 0.0 o.Q 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0) 0.03 0.03
2 l,!) 19227062'40 0.0 0.0 0.0 0..00 Q.OO 0.00 o.op o.ou 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01
2 44 202050 60 750 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.03
2 44 20440060270 0.1 0.1 u.1 0.00 a.vu (J.vo o.ul,) 0.00 0.00 Q.OO U.OO 0.1)0 0.02 0.02 0.02
r; 4c. 204Y1063950 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.04 1.04 1.U4. 5.5'1 5.57 5.!H 1.96 1.96 1.96 0.72 0.72 ()'. 7 2
2 47 1832:3061050 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.01 0.01 0.01 o.op 0.00 0.00 0.00 u.ou o.uo 0.04 0.04 0.04
187000(.1700 !
2 49 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.01 0.01 0.01 o.op 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.05 0.05
2 62 1980(g058720 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.07 0.07 0.u7 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.21 0.21 0.21
-------
TABLE 21 SUM~1ARY OF AIR POLLUTANT EM.ISSIONS FROM ALL SOURCES, 1969
TONS/YEAR
SOX PAkT CO HC NO)(
GRID AREA S W fI S ~I A 5 W A 5 W A S W A
1 6.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1
2 6.1 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 2.4 2.4 2.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3
3 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.'+ U.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1
4 1.5 0.1 0.1 0..1 0.2 0.2 0.2 4.6 4.0 4.6 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.5
5 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 (J.1 0.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.4 0.4 0.'+ 0.2 0.2 0.2
6 1.5 73.1 73.1 72.1 2.3 2.3 2.2 3.3 3.3 3.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 19.3 19.3 19.0
7 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 1).0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1).0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
8 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.8 4.8 4.P 39.7 39.7 39.7 7.8 7.8 7.8 4.5 4.5 4.5
9 1.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.3 15.9 15.9 15.9 2.4 2.4 2.4 1.3 1.3 1..
lC 1.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 11.8 11.6 11.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 0.9 0.9 1.0
11 1.5 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 7.5 7.5 -{ . ':> 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.5 0.5 O.~
12 1.5 0.0 0.0 (;.u 0.0 0.0 v.o 1.9 1.9 1.9 0.3 0.3 0.3 001 0.1 0.1
13 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ').0 0.0 0.0 0.0 u.u 0.0 G.O 0.0 0.0
14 6.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 2.7 2.7 2.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.3
15 6.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.9 1.9 1.9 0.7 0.1 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.3
16 6.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.4 1.4 1.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1
17 1.5 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 v.1 1).5 0.5 v.5 V.l 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1
18 1.5 1.2 1.;> 1.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 3.0 3.0 3.0 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.6
19 1.5 2.2 2.2 2.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.1 001 0.5 0.5 0.5
70 1.5 ;>.7 2.7 7.7 0.3 0.3 (;.3 9.7 9.7 9.7 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.1 1.1 1.1
21 1.5 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.3 0.3 U.3 10.2 10.2 10.2 1.9 1.9 1.9 0.8 0.8 0.9
22 1.5 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 3.9 3.9 3.9 o.u 0.8 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.4
73 6.1 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 65.0 65.0 65.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 3.3 3.3 3.3
24, 6.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 4.4 4.'t 4.4 1.0 1.0 1.u 0.4 0.4 0.4
25 1.5 7.4 7.4 7.4 ~). 5 0.5 a.5 38.9 311.9 38.9 2.3 7.3 ... "'..I' l.;j 1.8. 1.8
-------
TABLE 21 (continued)
26 1.5 16.0 16.. () 16.0 1.0 1.0 1.'1 3.0 3.0 3.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 3.1 3.1 3.1
27 1.5 137.2 137.2 135.4 3.7 3.7 3.7 A.O A.U 8.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 36.4 36.4 3:>.9
211 1.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 5.3 5.3 5.3 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.4 0.4 0.4
29 1.5 0.3 0.3 (J.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 6.7 6.7 6.7 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.5 0.5 0.5
30 1.5 0.3 0., [).3 0.1 0.1 0.1 R.R A.8 8.8 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.6 0.6 0.6
31 6.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 1).1 0.1 u.l 0.7 0.7 0. 1 0.2 G.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1
32 6.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 (J.l 0.1 0.1 5.0 5.0 5.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.5
33 1 ,. (J.G 0 .~) 'j. 1 0.1 u.1 0.1 3.7 3.7 3.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 U.2 0.2 0.3
.:J
34 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 n.6 6.6 6.6 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.4 0.4 0.5
35 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.1 0.1 v.l 7.4 7.4 7.4 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.5 0.5 0.5
36 1.5 0.0 0.0 O.fJ 0.1 u.l u.1 6.1 ".1 6.1 1.0 1.u 1.0 'U.4 0.4 0.5
37 1.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 u.o 3.6 3.0 :1.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.3
31'1 1.5 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 001 n.7 0.7 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.2
39 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 5.3 5.3 5.3 0.9 0.9 1.0 U.o 0.6 0.6
4(1 1.5 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 7.7 7.7 7.7 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.6 0.6 0.7
41 1.5 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 6.5 6.5 6.5 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.5 0.5 0.6
42 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 ~.5 "5. 5 5.5 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.5 0.5 0.5
43 6.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 V.2 0.2 14.7 14.7 14.7 2.3 2.3 2.3 1.0 1.0 1.0
44 6.1 0.5 0.5 0.5 2.1 201 2.1 12.8 12.8 12.8 3.2 3.2 3.2 1.3 1.3 1.3
45 1.5 0.0 0.0 f)" 0.1 CO! (J.l 1.P 1.8 1.A 0.4 0.4 0.1, 0.1 0.1 0.2
.w
46 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 (J.l 0.1 2.0 2.U 2.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.2
47 1.5 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.3
1.8 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 001 0.1 2.5 ?5 2.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2
49 1.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0 .1 0.1 2.6 2.n 2.b 0.6 0.0 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.3
50 1.5 (J.O 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 U.1 J. . 1 1.1 1.1 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.2
51 1.5 0.1 0.1 t).2 0.1 V.l U.l 3.R 3.8 :1.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.3 0.3 0.4
52 1.5 0.0 0.0 u.v (J.l U.l U.l 1.5 1.5 1.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.2
')3 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 001 v.l 0.1 1.5 1.5 1.5 0.4 D.4 U.4 O.J. 0.1 0.2
54 1.5 0.0 0.0 \) 8J 0.0 0.0 U.O 0.6 0.6 u.6 0.1 v.l Uo1 U.I 0.1 0.1
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TABLE 21 (continued)
5~ 6.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
56 6.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 o. -( 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
51 6.1 0.0 0.0 O.u 0.1 0.1 0.1 3.0 3.0 ~.O 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2
58 6.1 0.0 0.0 lI.u 0.1 U.1 v.l 1.9 1.9 1.9 0.4 0.4 0.4 \).1 0.1 0.2
59 6.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 7.1 7.7 7.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 0.8 0.8 0.8
60 6.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.4 1.4 1.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2
61 6.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 3.0 3.0 3.0 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.3
62 6.1 1.2 1.2 1 . it C.l J.1 001 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 o.~ 0.3
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v U
EMISSION DENSITIES
~ 0
Emission density maps are presented to provide a visual representa-
tion of the emission of pollutants by grid.
Figures 6 through 10 i11u-
strates the variation in emission densities for the respective grids
throughout the Study Area.
As expected, the emissions generally follow
the pattern and degree of urbanization.
Thus emission densities are
higher in grids with dense popu1atipns and correspondingly high ve-
hicu1ar and industrial activity.
u
q
-------
--- --
.p. ,
(j\ (
.../\
..
"
-.
- ------- --.
. .
.~-:---
~-
,.....",.-
14
I
IS
16
TOABAJA
I
- ""-/
46
TOA AL TA
,
BAY AMON
\
(
.A74000 ') 178000
- "../- \ I l, \
t
,
(
I
\ .,,--
",\, /'
\ 170
-
. INDUSTRIAL
. STEAM-ELECTRIC
o DUMP
C INSTITUTIONAL - COMMERCIAL
A AIRPORT
, -......
''{
,
~O
,
--
----- -
35
..
"
41 42 43
,/
.52 53 54 (
,
59 60
, . RIO
\ PI EDRAS \.
\
CAROLINA
.
..4
..7
.
!II
\
182000 ,
~O
1 S6000
194 I 198000 20~
\. ,~ - -... -/- - '\
). - ~~rJ ~;-;~: ,>-- ~,
N
0000
~
r '
,
( ,
--L,'-'_/
Figure 5. Point source locations in Puerto Rico study area.
o
,
60~
~
,
<--
I
;
,
J
(
,j
" \
" ---'
-------
\
\
SULFUR OXIDE EMISSIONS,
ton/mi2 - day
0 - 0.05
0.05 - 0.1
0.1 - 0.5
0.5 - 1.0
1.0 - 10.0
10.0 - 100.0
\
\
\
N
-------
\
\
/ GUAYNABO
PARTICULATE EMISSIONS, )
ton/mi2 - day
r~j 0 - 0.01
0.01 -0.10
-------
CARBON MONOXIDE EMISSIONS
ton/mi2 - day
0 - 0.100
0.10 -0.20
°-20 - 1.0
4.0 - 30.0
-------
'•(
HYDROCARBON EMISSIONS,
ton/mi2 - day
Q 0 - 0.05
li^ 0.05-0.10
0.10 -0.50
0.50 - 1.0
1.0 - 6.0
-------
/
\
NITROGEN OXIDE EMISSIONS, V
ton/mi 2 - day \
EU ° • °-°5 C
0.05 - 0.10 '
X
0.10 - 0.50
0.50 - 1.0
1.0- 15.0
15.0 - 25.0
*S
-------
REFERENCES
1.
Ozolins, G. and R. Smith, Rapid Survey Technique for Estimating
Community Air Pollution Emissions, USDHEW, PHS, October 1966.
2.
Duprey, R.L., Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors,
USDHEW, PHS, 1968.
3.
Local Climatoligical Data, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1969.
~l
-------
I .
. . <~ APPENDIX A
METHOD FOR CALCULATING SUMMER, WINTER AND ANNUAL
AVERAGE EMISSIONS FOR FUEL CONSUMPTION IN STATIONARY SOURCES
L C,
YEARLY AVERAGE (A)
Q ~
A = Fuel Consumed x Emission Factor (E. F. )
Days of Operation
e.g. A plant consumed 100,000 tons of coal in 1967 while operating
365 days. The total degree days for the area was 4,800 and
2,800 for the three winter months. The plant was estimated
to use 15 percent of the fuel for space heating and 85 percent
for process heating. From this information, the annual
average emission for carbon monoxide would be the following:
A = 100,000 Tons/year x 3 lbs. CO/Ton coal
365 Days/year x 2,000 lb./Ton
A = 0.41 Ton/Day
~
WINTER AVERAGE (W)
W = Fuel Consumed x E.F.
Days of Winter Operation
x
Winter Degree Days
Total Degree Days
x
% 'Fuel Used
for space heating
+ Fuel Consumed x E.F. % Fue I used for process heating
365 x
1/ = ~01000 x 2,800 0.15 100,000 0.8~ 3
90 x 4,800 x -4- 365 x 2,000
W = 0.49 Ton/Day
SUMMER AVERAGE (S)
s = Fuel Consumed x E.F.
Days of Summer Operation
x
Summer Degree Days
Total Degree Days
x
% Fue: Used
for space heating
+
Fuel Consumed x E.F.
365
S = nOO,OOO
L: 90
x
% Fuel used for process heating
x
o
4,800
x
0.15
+
100,000
365
x 0'8J . 2,~00
"
s = O.3~ Ton/Day
'.' I
h
.~.
I'
...
" .
;, i
5'~?
-------
APPENDIX B
METRIC CONVERSION FACTORS
Multiply 1!2:. To Obtain
Feet 0.3048 Meters
Miles 1609 Meters
Square Feet 0.0929 Square meters
Square Miles 2.59 Square kilometers
Pounds 453.6 Grams
Pounds 453.6/104 Tons (metric)
Tons (metric) 1.103 Tons (sbort)
Tons (sbort) 907.2 Kilograms
Tons (short) .9072 Tons (metric)
To Obtain ~ Divide
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