United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of
Emergency and
Remedial Response
EPA/ROD/R06-88/037
June 1988
£EPA
Superfund
Record of Decision:
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REPORT DOCUMENTA110N 1" REPORTNO. I ~ 3. RecIpient'. AcC88810n No.
PAGE EPA/ROD/R06-88/037
4. TIle end Subtl1l8 5. Aepar1 0.18
SUPERFUND RECORD OF DECISION 6/28/88
South Valley/Edmunds Street, NM
6.
Second Remedial Action
7. Author(.) 8. Per10rmlng Organization Repl No.
9. Per10rmlng Orgalnlzatlon Name and Addre.. 10. ProjecllTa8kJWork Unit No.
11. Contracl{C) or Grant(G) No.
(C)
(G)
12. Sponaorlng Organization Name and Addre.. 13. Type 01 Report & Period Covered
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 800/000
401 M Street, S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20460 14.
15. Supplementary Note.
18. Abatr.C1 (Umlt: :!OO word.)
The South Valley/Edmunds Street site is a large area .J> the southern part
In
of the City of Albuquerque, New Mexico, surrounding the municipal water wel
known as San Jose 6. Within this large area are a number of industrial
properties owned and operated by different groups and individuals. This
remedial action addresses the Edmunds Street Ground Water operable unit of
the South Valley site; the Edmunds Street property is located in the
southeastern corner of the site. The focus of this operable unit is the
area around the monitoring well SV-IO, referred to as the drainage pit area
on the Edmunds Street property. This area '. s the low spot of the property
and receives much of the property drainage. Analyses of this area have
shown significant levels of industrial solvents in the soil, and a plume of
contaminated ground water starting at the drainage pit area and extending t
the east. The ground water source will be treated as a sole-source aquifer
because there are no alternate sources available to the City of Albuquerque
The contaminated ground water currently poses a direct threat to
Albuquerque's water supply by moving toward the city's well fields. The
primary contaminants of concern affecting the ground water include VOCs suc
as PCE and TCE.
(Spp 2U-1- .'- ...J,...1.. )
17. Document Analyala L Deactlptora
Record of Decision
South Valley/Edmunds Street, NM
Second Remedial Action
Contaminated Media: gw
Key Contaminants: VOCs (PCE, TCE)
b. IdantiflaniOpan-EndId T-
c. CooA 11 FIaIdIGroup
18. Ayall.bllIy 9t..- 19. Security Cia.. (Thl. Aepar1) 21. No. 01 Page.
None 43
20. Security CI... (Thl. Page) 22. Prtce
Nonp-
o
50272.101
(See ANSl-Z39.18)
SH/Mtruclion8 on Re".-
OP110NAL FORM 272 (4-77)
(Fomwt1y NTl5-35)
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DO NOT PRINT THESE INSTRUCTIONS AS A PAGE IN A REPORT
INSTRUCTIONS
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Leave blank.
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Recipient's Accession Number. Reserved for use by each report recipient.
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."
9. Performing Organization Name and Mailing Addreu. Give name, street, city, state, and ZIP code. Ust no more than two levels of
an organizational hlerachy. Display the name of the organlzstlon exactly as It should appear In Government Indexes such as
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10. ProjectlTask/Work Unit Number. Use the project, task and work unit numbers under which the report was prepared.
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12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Mailing Addreu. Include ZIP code. Cite main sponsors.
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(b). Identifiers and Open-Ended Terma. U.. Identifiers for project names, code names. equipment designators, etc. Use opan-
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of{ GPO: 1983 0 - 381-526 (.'3393)
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EPA/ROD/R06-88/037
South Valley/Edmunds Street, NM
Second Remedial Action
16.
ABSTRACT (continued)
The selected remedial action for this site includes: ground water pump
and treatment using air stripping (packed tower aeration) with reinjection
of the treated water into the aquifer through infiltration galleries; and
ground water and air monitoring. The present worth cost for this remedial
action is $874,000, with present worth O&M costs estimated at $280,200.
PERFORMANCE STANDARDS OR GOALS: The contaminated ground water will be
treated to a PCE level of 20 ug/l as required by the New Mexico Water
Quality Control Commission regulations, and to the MCL for TCE of 5 ug/l
as required by the Safe Drinking Water Act.
INSTITUTIONAL CONTROLS:
Not applicable.
KEYWORDS: Aeration; Air Stripping; Containment; Extraction; Ground Water;
Ground Water Monitoring; Ground Water Treatment; MCLs; Onsite Discharge;
Onsite Treatment; PCE; Plume Management; Safe Drinking Water Act;
Sole-Source Aquifer; State Criteria; TCE; Treatment Technology; VOCs.
...
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UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
REGION VI
1445 ROSS AVENUE. SUITE 1200
DALLAS. TEXAS 75202
DECLARATION FOR THE RECORD a= DECISION
SITE NAME AND LOCATION
South Valley site. Edmunds Street Groundwater Operable Unit
Albuquerque, New Mexico
STATD1ENT Of PURPOSE
This decision document outlines the selected remedial action for the
Edmunds Street Groundwater Operable Unit in accordance with the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and liability Act of
1980 (CERClA), as amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization
Act of 1986 (SARA). and to the extent practicable, the National Oil and
Hazardous Substance Pollution Contingency Plan, 40 CFR Part JOO, November
20, 1985.
The State of New t1exi co (through the New Mexi co Envi ronmenta 1 Improvement
Division) has been provided an opportunity to comment on the technology and
degree of treatment proposed by the Record of Decision.
STATEMENT Of BASIS
This decislon is based on the administrative record for the South Valley
site, Edmunds Street Groundwater Operable Unit (see Attachment 7). The
attached index identifies the items which comprise the administrative
record.
DESCRIPTION Of THE REf1EDY
Upon review of the information contained in the administrative record, it
is EPA's judgement that recovery of the plume of contaminated groundwater
moving east from the Edmunds Street property with a well system and the
treatment of the recovered water with a packed aeration column appears to
best serve both statutory and selection criteria in relation to the other
solutions evaluated. The selected remedy would also include monitoring of
both groundwater, treated water and ambient air to ensure the effectiveness
of the remedy. A detailed description of the remedy and an explanation of
how it meets statutory requirements is contained in the attached "Summary
of Remedial Alternative Se1ection.- This is only the first operable unit
for the Edmunds Street portion of the South Valley site. The selected
remedy is not intended to be the final remedy for this property.
Additional remedial measures will be specified in subsequent Records of
-------
DECLARATION
The remedy des~ribed above is protective of human health and the environment,
attains applicable ~r relevant and appropriate Federal and State requirements
and is cost-effective compared to equally protective alternatives. This
remedy satisfies the preference for treatment that reduces toxicity, mObility
or volume as a principle element. Finally, it is determined that this
solution utilizes permanent solutions and alternative technologies to the
maximum extent practicable.
The State of New Mexico has been consulted on the selection of remedy for
the South Valley Edmunds Street Groundwater Operable Unit and the concurrence
of the New Mexico Environmental Improvement Division has been requested.
&-2'b ,5i
Date
s4t:J i tA7 'L L~
Robert. Layton r., P.E.,
Regional Administrator
-------
Edmunds Street Groundwater Operahle Unit
South Valley Site
Record of Decision Concurrences
The Edmunds Street Groundwater Operable Unit Record of Decision has heen
reviewed and I concur:
~t1"\ \\\-xr~
Allyn H.-OaV-fs, Director
Hazardous Waste Management Division (6H)
er, P.E.. Chief
Branch (6H-E)
~().~
Larry D. Wrlgh , Chief
Superfund Enforcement Section (6H-EE)
/J~~
Bennett Stokes
Office of Regional Counsel (6C-H) --'.
7 C----' . .',
~/~~~~
Timot y K. ~rwoo
-------
SU~ARY OF RE~EDIAL ALTERNATIVE SELECTION
South Valley, Albuquerque, New ~exico
Edmunds Street Groundwater Operable Unit
Site Location and Description
The Edmunds Street property is a portion of the South Valley Superfund
site in Albuquerque, New ~exico. The South Valley Superfund site is an
area surrounding the City of Albuquerque ~unicipal Water Well known as
San Jose 6, near the intersection of Broadway and Woodward Road in
southern Albuquerque. The Edmunds Street property is located at 3301
Edmunds Street. Figure 1 below shows the larger South Valley site with
the Edmunds Street property in the southeastern corner of the site.
Figure 2 on the next page shows the Edmunds Street property in more
detail.
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FIGURE 2.
2
LOCATIONS OF MONITORING WELLS AND SUPPLY WELLS
3301 EDMUNDS STREET PROPERTY
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Figure 2 above shows the various potential sources of contamination
within the Edmunds Street property. This document concerns only one of
them, the area surrounding the monitoring well labeled SV-IO. The area
around SV-I0 is called the drainage pit area. This area is a low spot on
the property and much of the drainage for the property flows to this
spot. Significant levels of industrial solvents have been found when
5011 samples from this drainage pit have been analysed in laboratories.
An investigation into the contamination problems at the Edmunds Street
property resulted in the installation of the groundwater monitoring wells
shown in Figure 2. One of the results of the investigation was the
discovery of a plume of contaminated groundwater starting at the drainage
pit area and extending to the east.
,
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3
The drainage pit itself, other potential sources of contamination within
the Edmunds Street property, and groundwater contamination in other areas
will be handled through later decision documents. This is only the first
phase of remediation for the Edmunds Street property. The selected
remedy may be incorporated into or superceeded by the remedy for source
control and groundwater remediation made in the subsequent Record of
Decision for this property.
Current Site Status
After the existence of the plume of contaminated groundwater was
discovered, a separate investigation was launched to discover the nature
and extent of the groundwater plume. As the more detailed map in Figure
3 shows, additional groundwater monitoring wells were drilled along the
Fi gure 3
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4
eastward path of the groundwater plume to define its boundaries.
samples were take~ from the wells and analyzed to determine what
chemicals were present and at what levels.
Water
Table 1 shows the contaminants that were found in the groundwater
monitoring well samples and the levels at which they were detected. As
can be seen from the Table, most of the contaminants found were
industrial solvents. As this data shows. the concentration of the
contaminants falls as the plume moves to the east. The major concern at
the moment is the threat to the water supply for the City of Albuquerque.
Major wells fields that produce water for the City are in the migration
pathway of the contaminant plume. The nearest well in the migration
pathway is ~iles Well #1. less than one mile to the northeast.
Site Risks
This Record of Decision is concerned with a single contaminated media.
groundwater. It is. therefore. the groundwater route of exposure which
is of greatest concern. Table 1 presents those contaminants found in the
groundwater. There are no current groundwater users for the contaminated
water in the contaminant plume of concern. but there is a City of
Albuquerque water supply well in the path of the plume migration. The
level of contaminants appears to be to low for toxic effects. but there
is risk associated with chronic carcinogenic effects of 2 x 10-2 .
Attachment 1 shows the calculations involved in reaching this numo!r.
Enforcement Analysis
There is a list of several potentially responsible parties (PRPs) for the
property on which this groundwater contamination originates. These
include past and present owners and operators of the property. The
primary PRPs for the purposes of this document are Van Waters and
Rodgers. the current operator, and AmeriGas. the property owner. These
two PRPs have expressed willingness to implement the selected remedy.
Negotiations will be conducted in an attempt to memorialize agreement for
PRP conduct of the Remedial Action under terms of a Consent Order.
Community Relations
There has heen some media interest in the overa'll South Valley Superfund
site. hut the interest from individual citizens has been'low. Notice to
potentially affected persons and the public was provided through a press
release on f1ay 10. 1988 accompanied by a direct mailing to individuals
and groups on the site mailing list. The mailing included a fact sheet
describing the site problem, alternatives for cleanup and the proposed
p1an for remediation. The public comment period on the remedial
alternatives ran from rtay 16 to June 17,1988. A public meeting on
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5
VOLATILE ORGANIC CONTA~INANTS
TABLE ONE
Parameter in
microgram per liter "onitoring Well
G~-1 G~-2 G~-7 G,..-8 G~-9 G~-9D G~-10 G~-l1 G~-llD
Carbon Tetrachloride 4.1 4.2
Chloroform 7.7 22 19 3.5
1.2 Dichloroethane 26 130 22
Trans-l.2 Dichloroethene 1.6 3.4
1.1 Dichloroethene 8.3 140 58 910 110
~ethylene Chloride 440
Tetrachloroethene 51 420 760 4400 38 360
1. 1. I-Trichloroethane 73 200 1000 38
Trichloroethene 170 210 1400 10 110
Acetone 250 15000 71 8.2
September 1987, Sampling Episode Data from the report "Feasibility Study for Plume Stabilization
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'. .
6
VOLATILE ORGANIC CONTA~INANTS
TABLE ONE (con't)
Parameter in
microgram per liter
Carbon Tetrachloride
Chloroform
1.2 Dichloroethane
Trans-1.2 Dichloroethene
1.1 Dichloroethene
~ethyleneChlor1de
Tetrachloroethene
1.1.1-Trichloroethane
Tr1chloroethene
Acetone
G~-12
5.8
Jotonitoring Well
G~-13
1-1
7.5
30
10 3.4
85 16
450
150
7.9 ~ ~
37
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7
to si~nificant comments or criticisms submitted during the pUblic meeting
and during the co~ment period are presented in the Responsiveness Su~ary
at the end of this docunent.
Operable Units
The South Valley site has been divided into four operable units. These
are Ed~unds Street Groundwater, Edmunds Street Source Control. Air
Force/GE Source Control, and the overall Offsite portion. The division
of the site into these parts follows from the nature of the site. The
South Valley site is a large area surrounding the City well San Jose #6.
Within this larger area are a number of industrial properties owned and
operated by different groups and individuals. Each of the two source
control operable units will deal with a single industrial property that
through the investigation process has been shown to have contamination
that needs to be corrected. The overall Offsite operable unit is
intended to deal with the site as a whole, leading to a decision about
the larger groundwater problem that caused this area to become a
Superfund site, while the source control operable units eliminate the
sources of groundwater contamination.
The fourth operable unit, the Edmunds Groundwater operable unit which is
the subject of this document, deals with a specific problem which does
not appear to directly affect the larger South Valley problem. The Edmunds
groundwater problem does start within the Edmunds Street property, however,
and needs to be dealt with during resolution of the greater South Valley
Superfund site problems. The overall Offsite operable unit and the two
source control operable units should be resolved within three months,
following completion of reports detailing additioll~l investigations in
the individual industrial properties and the overall site.
Alternatives Evaluation
The alternatives seek to eliminate the single route of contamination of
issue for this Record of Decision, groundwater. The source of the
contamination will be handled through a separate decision document. As
stated in the Declaration, this is only a first action concerning this
property and is not the final groundwater related remedial action.
This decision will be limited to the specific groundwater plume moving to
the east as previously described. Any other groundwater contamination
originating from the same source will be considered in a separate document.
The groundwater source in question, the Santa Fe formation will be treated
as a sole source aquifer. It is the source for drinking water for the City
of Albuquerque and no alternate source is available. The Santa Fe Formation
consists of unconsolidated sands, gravels, silts and clays to an approximate
2000 foot depth. The contaminant plume appears to be currently contained
above a lower permeability layer found at approximately 180 feet in depth.
However, in borings farther in the direction of migration, the lower permea-
bility layer cannot be found. One purpose of this effort will be to halt
migration of the pl~me before it moves beyond the lower permeability layer
and deeper into the aquifer. The contaminant plume poses a direct threat
to the water supply for the City .of Albuquerque. The contaminant plume
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3
threatened. Time fJr imp1e~entation is short. Theoretical calculations
show that the contaninants could have already reached Miles #1. though
sampling of the well shows that it has not yet heen contaminated.
Of the decision elements listed ahove. time poses the greatest
constraints on the selection of remedy. ~ny remedy selected will have to
halt migration of the contaminant plume within a very short period of
time. Given the constraints just discussed. the screening process
rapidly eliminated in-situ treatment as an option as it would involve too
long a period of implementation. Extraction and treatment remained as
the only viable alternative.
Alternatives
Each alternative was evaluated on the following criteria:
1. Short-term effectiveness: Protection of human health and the
environment during construction and implementation.
2. Long-term effectiveness and permanence:
construction and implementation is complete.
3. Reduction of toxicity. mObility, or volume:
of the specified treatment technologies,
Effectiveness after
Anticipated performance
4. Implementability: Technical and administrative feasibility of
alternatives and the availability of required resources. -
5.
Cost:
Cost of construction and operation and maintenance.
6. Compliance with ARARs: Compliance with applicable or relevant and
appropriate standards (abbreviated as ARARs) .from existing laws and
regulations. These are standards or regulations that either do apply
or at least should be considered when looking at an alternative.
7. Overall protection of human health and environment: How the
alternative as a whole protects and maintains protection of human health
and the environment.
8. State acceptance:
alternatives.
The State's preferences or concerns about the
9. Community acceptance:
the alternatives.
All of the alternatives with the exception of no actioR require the
extraction and treatment of the conta~inated groundwater to existing
standards. This automatically meets the requirements for both short
-------
9
and long-term effectiveness and permanence. The water will he trea~ed to
ARAR standards ~eeting the criteria for reduction of toxicity, mOhiiity,
and volume and compliance with ARARs through the removal of the contaminants
from the groundwater. This reduces the comparison of the alternatives to
implementability, cost, overall protection and State and Community
acceptance criteria.
The basic alternatives and their components are:
1. No Action: No action would he taken. The site would remain in its
current condition. The plume of contaminated groundwater would continue
to migrate toward the City of Albuquerque wells.
2. Recovery: All of these alternatives involve the extraction of ground-
water through pumping wells screened in the portion of the aquifer contaminated.
The extraction wells are planned to be a-inch diameter wells with steel
casing having stainless steel screens. The screens will be positioned in
the upper portion of the aquifer to recover the contaminated groundwater.
Preliminary design calls for wells capable of yielding 50 to 100 gallons
per minute (gpm). The pumping system will be designed with sufficient
wells and pumping capacity to recover the contaminated groundwater coming
from the Edmunds Street property above the limits deemed necessary to
protect human health and the environment. These limits are discussed
more fully in the Statuatory Determinations Section of this summary.
Preliminary des' Jns indicate that two wells located north and south of
the monitoring well cluster GMll should be sufficient when pumping at a
combined rate of 75 gpm. Actual rates of pumping and the adequacy of two
wells will be determined during remedial design and once the system is in
place and its performance can he monitored.
2-A. Grou~dwater Extraction We1; System: This option would use pumping
wells alone to contain and recover the contaminated groundwater.
2-8. Well System and Partial Slurry Wall: This option would combine a
pumping well system with a slurry wall in front of the migrating plume
slowing further migration.
2-C. Well System and Complete Slurry Wall: This option would combine a
pumping well system and a slurry wall that completely surrounded the area
of contaminated groundwater.
3. Treatment of Contaminated Groundwater: Once the contaminated
groundwater was recovered it would be treated by one of the following methods.
3-A. Treatment with Packed Column Aeration.
3-8. Treatment with Carbon Adsorption.
3-C. Treatment at a Publically Owned Treatment Works (POTW).
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10
4. Discharge: Once the water has heen treated, the treated water must
he handled. Two options were exa~ined.
4-A.
Surface discharge.
4-3.
Restoration of water to the aquifer through infiltration galleries.
Comparative Analysis 0' Alternatives
The following is a description of the analysis of the various alternatives
using the remaining criteria for comparison.
Implement-
ability
Cost
Overall State
Protection Acceptance
Community
Acceptance
1
2-A
+
+
+
+
+
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
+ +
2-8
2-C
+
+
3-A
3-8
+ +
+
+
+ +
+
+
+
3-C
4-A
+
+
4-8
+
+
+
+ being a favorable evaluation
- being a negative evaluation
Implementability - All of the options use proven readily available
techniques. The slurry wall options (2-8 and C) face difficulties due to
the presence of an interstate highway and a petroleum pipeline in the
area of construction as well as doubts about construction at 180 foot
plus depths. The City POTW desires to reserve its available treatment
capacity, therefore the use of its plants for the POTW treatment option
(3-C) was eliminated.
Cost - Using a 10 year project life, a cost comparison was developed for
each of the three parts of the alternatives: extraction, treatment, and
discharge. More extensive cost information is presented in Attachment 2.
All the extraction options involve pumping wells and a collection system
estimated at $615,000. A partial slurry wall would cost $1,923,336.
Costs for a full slurry wall could not he developed as engineering costs
-------
11
was estimated to cust $20,,200. Carbon Adsorption was estimated at
$708,500 mainly due to higher operation and maintenance costs. Discharge
of the treated water to the surface was estimated at $27,000.
Using infiltration galleries was estimated at $54,000.
Overall Protection - No action offers no protection. Packed tower
aeration and carbon adsorption both would treat to the same groundwater
standards. The air release associated with packed tower aeration poses
no estimated health threats. The threat of the contaminated carbon from
carbon adsorption varies depending on the method of disposing of the
spent carbon. Discharged water would be of similar quality in either
discharge method.
State and Community Acceptance - Preservation of useable water is
preferred giving infiltration a higher level of acceptance than discharge
to the surface. Infiltration would also eliminate concerns of downstream
users of surface waters.
Selected Remedy
The selected remedy consists of the following parts: containment and
collection of the conta~inated groundwater through the use of an
extraction well system, treatment of the recovered groundwater through
packed tower aeration, and return of the treated water to the aquifer
through infiltration galleries.
The risk level attained at completion of the response action is discussed
in the following Statutory Determinations section.
~o action was rejected as it did nothing to mitigate the potential
impacts of the contaminated groundwater. Of the coi1ection optionsD
pumping alone was selected since a system of pumping wells alone is
capable of containing and recovering the contaminated groundwater. This
eliminates the need for construction of slurry walls with the associated
risks of exposure during construction and implementation difficulties.
Packed tower aeration was selected for the treatment method due to
greater ease of operation and lower operation and maintenance costs over
carbon adsorption. Reinfiltration of the treated water was chosen over
surface discharge due to a desire to preserve the water that could be
lost through evaporation during surface discharge and the beneficial
effects of recycling the treated water through the contaminated area of
the aquifer. The additional benefits include the flushing action of the
recycled water and the containment and retreatment of any water exiting
the treatment system above standards for cleanup.
Statutory Determinations
Under Section 121 of CERCLA, the selected remedy must satisfy certain
statutory requireloents specified within that section. This section will
-------
12
1.
Be protective of hunan health anj the environnent.
2.
Attain ARARs
3.
Be cost-effective
4. Utilize permanent solutions and alternative treatment technologies or
resource recovery technologies to the maximun extent practicable.
5. Address whether the preference for treatment that reduces toxicity,
mObility, or volume as a principle element is satisfied.
The first statutory requirement, that the selected remedy be protective
of human health and the environment can be examined through examination
of the two pathways for exposure, ingestion of contaminated groundwater
and inhalation of volatilized contaminants. The first of these will be
addressed through the goals for treatment of the contaminated
groundwater. The treatment goals will be based primarily on two
criteria, maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) developed under the Safe
Drinking Act and the State of New Mexico Water Quality Control Commission
(Nt1WQCC) Regulations for discharges onto or below the surface of the
ground whichever of the two is more stringent. These goals are given in
Table 2.
'\.
TABLE 2
Contaminant
Cleanup Goal
in part-per-billion
*Regul at; on
Carbon Tetrachlorlde
Chloroform
1,2 Dichloroethane
Trans-l,2 Dichloroethene
1,1 Dichloroethene
Methylene Chloride
Tetrachloroethene
l,l,l-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethene
Acetone
5
100
5
70**
5
100
--20
60
-5
MCL
NMWQCC
t1CL
MCLG
Nt.'WQCC
NHWQCC
-NMWQCC.
NMWQCC
-MCL
* MCL - for the maximum contaminant under the Safe Drinking Water Act
N~'~JQCC - for the New ~'exico discharge regulations
** This standard is a maximum contaminant limit goal (MCLG)
-------
13
This leads directly to the discussion of applicahle or relevant and
appropriate requirements (ARARs), the second statutory determination. The
two regulations mentioned ahove are the primary standards involved for
groundwater. There is a third NMWQCC standard that may apply. It is
. General Provision 1-101.UU which calls for control of "toxic
pollutant"(s) which would create a lifetime cancer risk of more than one
cancer per 100,000 exposed persons. Attachment 1 shows the lifetime
cancer risk posed hy contaminants detected in the contaminated
groundwater. Attachment 1 also indicates those contaminants which are
included.in the NMWQCC list of toxic pollutants. Water heing
reinfiltrated will need to meet this standard. In addition to these
groundwater regulations, the use of packed tower aeration also involved
compliance with air regulations. Air dispersion modeling using two EPA
certified models, ISC and Valley, was done to determine air impacts.
There appears to he no significant health impacts associated with use of
packed tower aeration. Calculations of these impacts are shown in
Attachment 3. The two air ARARs most applicable are the Clean Air Act
and the Amhient Air Quality Standards and Air Quality Control Regulations
for Alhuquerque/3ernalillo County. The emission rate from the packed
tower aeration system is well below the regulated rates from both of
these sets of air regulations. The calculations are shown in Attachment 4.
A full list of all ARARs considered can be found in Attachment 5.
The third criteria, cost effectiveness, is met by the selected remedy.
Packed tower aeration is the most cost effective of the treatment methods
which are protective of human health. The fourth criteria, permanence,
can be related to the recovery and treatment of the contaminated
groundwater. The selected remedy will restore the contaminated water to
a fully useable condition and the will restore the treated water to the
.aquifer.
The final criteria is the preference for treatment that reduces toxicity,
mobility, or volume as a principle element. The selected remedy stops
migration of the contaminated groundwater plume and treats the
contaminated groundwater to reduce its toxicity. This eliminates the
primary route of exposure to the puhlic. The air exposure associated
with the selected remedy has been examined and appears to pose no
significant threat to human health.
Significant Changes in the Selected Alternative
There was no change in the recommended alternative presented to the public
during the puhlic comment period and at the public meeting and that
-------
3301 ~~~S STREET
SOU~ VALLEY SUPERF~ SITE
COMM~ITY RELATIONS RESPONSIVENESS SUMMARY
This :ommunity Relations Responsiveness Summary has been prepared to
provide written responses to comments submitted regarding the proposed plan
of action at 3301 Edmunds Street, South Valley hazardous waste site. The
summary is divided into two sections:
Section I: Background of Community Involvement and Concerns. This section
provides a brief history of community interest and concerns raised during
the ra~ial planning activities at South Valley.
Section II: Sumnary of Major Comnents Received. The comments (both oral
and written) are s~~rized and EPA's responses are provided.
I. Background of Community Involvement
Due to the possibility of conta~ination of the entire San Jose
wellfieid, the South Valley site has received extensive media attention.
However, because of the heavily industrialized nature of the site area
and the lack of exposure, citizen concern has been very limited.
Although no citizen groups have been formed to deal specifically with
the problems posed by the South Valley si te, several groups have
expressed a general interest regarding overall environmental concerns in
the Albuquerque area. No specific interest has been not~ involving the
Edmunds Street property.
II.
SlmMry of Major C
-------
Question 1: ~hat ahout contaMination outside the area descrihed in this
operahle unit?
Response: This i~ only the first of several operable units. There will be
future meetings and comment periods on other portions of the larger
South Valley site. Results of other remedial investigations and cleanup
plans will he available to the public in the next few months. Those who
attended the public meeting and registered or made comments during the
public co~ment period were added to the mailing list and will receive indi-
vidual notices concerning these additional operable units.
Question 2: Do you [EPA] have a list of the compounds that you have
identified as contaMinants in the area?
Response: Yes, the list is included in the reports at the public
repositories, specifically in Table 1 of "Feasibility Study for Plume
Stabilization and Extracted Ground-Water At 3301 Edmunds Street, Albuquerque,
New Mexico." '
Question 3: Do you have any preliminary technical data involving the
efficiency of the two proposed methods, the air stripping process or carbon
adsorption?
Response: Yes, there is information available through the USEPA Office of
Drinking Water on the efficiency of air stripping for the majority of
compounds that we found at the site. ~o individual studies were done using
, waste from this site. Qnce the cleanup decision is made, such a study will
be performed as a part of the design process.
Question 4:
available?
Are copies of the re~edial investigation and feasibility study
Response: Yes, they are available at the four repositories in New Mexico
which are listed, in the fact sheet and at the EPA offices in Dallas.
Question 5: The estimate for cleanup time in the proposed plan was five
years. Is this a realistic estimate? '
Response: The five year time is a minimuM. Groundwater contamination
generally takes a long time to clean up. EPA does not wish to understate
the cleanup time.
Question 6: Availahility of the docuMents seems to he a prohlem,
particularly at the Albuquerque Public Library. Is this the only
repository?
Response: ~o. there are two others in Albuquerque, the University of ~ew
Mexico Library. and the City County Building. A check will be made at the
~l~uquerque Public Lihrary to see if there was a proble~ in availability of
-------
Question 7: Are there any conta~inants that would not he removed that are
found on the Edmunds Street properties?
Response: No. It is a requirement that all of the contaminants that are
found in the groundwater be removed to levels that are below those set by
the Safe Drinking Water Act or the New Mexico Water Control Commission
Regulations.
Question 8: This method [the air stripping method] would release
contaminants into the air. Is there any data available to the public on
the estimated amount of contamination to be released?
Response: Yes. One of the documents in the public repositories titled,
"Air Dispersion Modeling Analysis For A Packed Aeration Column, Van
Waters & Rogers, Inc., Edmunds Street Site, Alhuquerque, New Mexico"
involves an air model that was used to predict the levels of contamination
that could be expected if the air stripping method is used:»
Question 9: Will you also be monitoring air quality iT that method [air
stripping] is used?
Response: Yes, we would not use the air stripping method unless we could
monitor for air quality. Regular air monitoring will be required to ensure
that the air stripping method is operating properly.
Question 10: Given the fact that the City of Albuquerque is under sanction
for violations of the Clean Air Act, has the proposal for air stripping been
cleared through the City?
Response: The City is under sanction for violations of the carbon monoxide
standards. The contaninants associated with this cleanup would have no
effect on this situation. Use of the air stripper falls within the standards
set by the Albuquerque/Bernalillo County air regulations and the Clean Air
Act.
Question 11:
stripper?
Response: Yes, we examined both the short-term effects and long-term effects
of air releases during use of the stripper and found that they would not
pose a health threat either to workers onsite or nearby residents.
-------
ATTACHMENT ONE
"J>
CARINOGENIC RISK FROM
CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER
-------
A-I
Carcinogenic Risk From Chronic Exposure to Contaminated Groundwater
The following calculations involve the use of certain standard assumptions.
These assumptions include the following: Consumption of 2 liters of
water a day for 70 years at a body weight of 70 kilograms. The values
used for the concentrations of contaminants are a combination of values
for two wells. Most of the concentrations come from a sample from
monitoring well GM-9. the monitoring well within the plume having the
highest'level of contamination. However. this well does not contain all
of the contall1inants of concern. For those that did not appear in the
sample from GM-9. values were taken from a sample for well GM-1.
The calculations were done as follows:
concentration
of contaminant
-
-------
ATTACHMENT 2
COST ESTIMATES
-------
Cost Estimates
A-2
The cost estimates helow were calculated aSsuming that installation costs
l'IoulJ be 1.5 times the capital costs, that engineering costs would he
twenty percent of the capital costs, that the project would have a ten
year life and the calculations used a 7% discounted rate.
Extraction wells and pumps
capital costs
pipelines
installation & engineering
operation & maintenance
materials & pOv~r at 15.000/year
labor at 15.000/year
50,000
100,000
255.000
210.000
total
615.600
Partial Slurry Wall
capita 1 costs
engineering
savings from reduced pumping
1.680.000
336.000
-92.664
total 1,923,000
Complete Slurry Wall
No calculation was done for this option. The figure for the
partial slurry wall can be used as a minimum. In addition to
those costs would be an unknown additional cost for further
investigation of the confining layer into which the wall would
be based and subsequent greater extent of the slurry wall.
Packed Aeration Column
capital costs
'peration and maintenance
I~stallation and engineering
50,000
70,200 v
85.000
total
205,200
Carbon Adsorption Unit
capital costs
sand fi 1 ters
instal1aiton and engineering
operation and maintenance at
24.000/year
150.000
50,000
340,000
240,000
total
780.000
Surface Discharge
pipe
installation and engineering
10.000
17,000
total
27,000
Infiltration Galleries
caDita 1 costs
installation and engineering
20.000
34 . ~OO
total
-------
ATTACHMENT 3
-------
~-3
Health Impacts From Packed Tower Aeration
The calculations that follow on the health impacts of packed tower aeration
are hased on the air dispersion modeling detailed in the report entitled,
"Air Dispersion Modeling Analysis for a Packed Aeration Column, Van Water and
Rogers, Inc., Edmunds Street Site, Albuquerque, New Mexico." Three models were
used in this report. The calculations below are hased on the one known as
Valley, the more conservative of the models for complex terrain. In addition,
two conservative assumptions were made. The first involved the quality of
the water entering the column. The level of contaminants in the incoming water
is expected to rise for approximately two years and to then hegin to decline.
The peak predicted contaminant values were used for the calculation even though
this condition will be short-lived. The second conservative assumption involved
the use of summer inversion ~eterological conditions. This is the worse case
for valley conditions and was used even though this condition will not occur
for most of the year. Finally, the values used to calculate exposures for the
two nearest residential areas came from points between the proposed tower
location and the residential area. This gives higher levels than would occur
at the actual locations. The Kirtland Addition is 1500 meters north/northeast
of the column location so the 1373 meter value was used. The houses along
Wesmeco are 850 meters northwest of the site, so the 686 meter value was used.
The Tahle that follows shows that even with these combined conservative
-------
Contaminant
Max imum
Concentration
, in Water
Ie i rt land
henzene
chloroform
trans 1.2 dichloroethene
1.1 dichloroethene
tetrachloroethene
trfchloroethene
1,1.1 trichloroethene
l.l dichloroethane
acetone
tota 1
ug/l1ter
5.1
6.2
6.0
193.6
633.6
193.6
66.9
66.9
16.7
1188.6
RISK CALCULATIONS FOR AIR
Unit Concentration
Wesmeco Kirtland
Blvd. Addi tlon
Contaminant
Concentrations
Increased Carcinogenic
Risk
Wesmeco
2 dO-tO 2 xl0-9
6 dO-l0 5 xl0-9
3 dO-l 2 xlO-6
2 dO-9 1 xlO-8
3 dO-9 3 xlO-8
8 xlO-9 6 xlO-8
- This indicates that no carcinogenic risk was calculated as no cancer potency factor was available.
0.72
(mg/cuhic meter)
Wesmeco Kirtland
,
2.3 xl0-8 1.9 xl0-7
2.8 xl0-8 2.3 xl0-7
2.J xl0-8 2.2 xl0-7
8.7 xlO-7 7.1 xlO-6
2.8 xl0-6 2.3 xl0-5
8.7 xl0-7 7.1 xl0-6
3.0 xl0-7 2.4 xlO-6
, 3.0'xl0-7 2.4 xl0-6
7.5 xl0-8 6.1 xlO-7
5.84
-------
ATTACHMENT 4
The Clean Air Act li~its air emission from hydrocarbon sources to 100 tons
per year.. Using t;'te estimated worst quality of water expected to enter the
aeration column (1628 total micrograms per liter contaminants) and a 100
gallon per minute flow rate of water, the following calcu1ation was
performed for annual e~issions:
8400 hours 4500 gallons 1628 ug 1 g. 1 lb. 3.785 1 iter
---------- X ------------ X ------- X ---- X ----- X ----------.n
year hour liter 10 454 9 ga 11 on
"513 pounds per year or 0.25 tons per year.
The Ambient Air Quality Standards and Air Quality Control Regulations ~or
Albuquerque/Bernalillo County have a maximum concentration of 100 ug/m
in ambient air for non-methane hydrocarbons. The air modeling using the
VALLEY model showed the maximum impact would occur north/northeast of the
column at a distance of 229 meters.
Chemical
Concentration in micrograms per cubic meter
benzene
chloroform
trans-l,2 dichloroethene
1,1-dichloroethene
tetrachloroethene
1,1,1 trichloroethene
1,2 dichloroethane
acetone
10.7 meter stack
0.00076
0.00092
0.00089
0.02886
0.09446
0.00997
0.00997
~o00249
13.7 meter stack
0.00075
0.00091
0.00088
0.02859
0.09355
0.00988
0.00988
0.00247
... '0-----
---------
totals
0.14832
0.14691
The total concentrations are well below the 100 ug/m3 required under the
Albuquerquel Bernalillo County air regulations.
-------
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ATTACHMENT 6
STATE OF NEW MEXICO CONCURRENCE
-------
()
Post Ott.ce 80x 968
Santa Fe. New Mexico 875.04-0968
. ','- 1
ENVI~ONMENTAL IMP~OVE~bIY1SI0N
.", ,
~~~C=v=AQ=---E=S
(:,
r
:;:...e--='"'
:...A=='" G::J==::JI\,
Se::-.:.-.
Mc"'ael J:'eu1.~r~ . ,. . . ,.
O,rectol" w . (.) ! . ,;: ~ I
~A=_":' :- v,-"'-
:=eo_:., Se:-e:a-"
'("01 "I().::
HEALTH ...0 ENVIP.ONMENT
)EC.t.t\-..-.i....-
IJ ~ ? . ,,:,\...." I' - '" ..-
". ..,...._""~~ I ...~r..;". '-:G~'iT. Ci\'.
/
June 27, 1988
Allyn Davis, Director (6H)
Hazardous Waste Management
U.S. EPA. Region VI
1445 Ross Ave.
Dallas, TX 75202-2733
Division
Dear Mr. Davis:
EYD concurs with the remedy proposed by EPA for the Edmunds Street
Groundwater Operable Unit of the South Valley Superfund site, with
the understanding that this decision relates only to the plume of
contaminated ground water that extends eastward from the 3301 Edmunds
Street property in Albuquerque. Your staff has done excellent work
on this project.
We stress that this operable unit concerns only a small part of the
site and only a part of the Edmunds Street property. As we discussed
with your staff on June 15, selection implementation of a comprehensive
remedy for the South Valley site demands multi-agency coordination. -
EID trusts EPA, the lead agency for this site, to provide the necessary
coordination and to work with the rest of us toward a viable remedy.
EID also expects EPA to follow through with past commitments to define
the extent of contamination by CERCLA wastes to the north and east.
during remedial design if necessary.
~&1f:JfJ~
! Kirklan~ L. Jones
,
I' Deputy Director
'-'
KLJ: 1 r
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1
ATTACHMENT 7
ADMINISTRATIVE RECORD INDEX
~~-
.'
Hazardous v"A
Information R
US EPA Regio"",
~PhiladeIRhJa, P.A
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