United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Ofliceof.
Emergency and
Remedial Response
EPAIROD/ROS-88/082
September 1988
If'
;~EPA
Superfund
Record of Decision:
Kummer Sanitary Landfill, MN
u.s: Environmental Pr~tection Agency
Region III Information Resource .
Center (3PM52) .
841 Chestnut Street . . .';
PhiJa~elphia, PA 19101. .,$~
~.~~~
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Hazardous Waste Collection
InfamationResource Center
~eeA..~3
~, PA 19107
EPA Report Collection
Information Resource Centtt&' .
US EPA Region 3
Philadelpbia. PA 19107

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REPORT DOCUMENTATION '11. -REPORT NO.
PAGE EPA/ROD/R05-88/082
, 2.
3. Recipient's Accession No.
.. Title and Subtitle
SUPERFUND RECORD OF DECISION
Kummer Sanitary Landfill, MN
Second Remedial Action
5. Report Oate
09/30/88
5.
7. Author(s)
8. Performing Organization Rept. No.
..I. Performing Organization Name and Address
10. Project/Task/Work Unit No.
---- -
11. ContractCC) or Grant(G) No.
(C)
(G)
- _. ----....------- --
12. Sponsoring Orllanization Name and Address
U.S. Environmental Protection

401 M Street, S.W.

Washington, D.C. 20460
Agency
13. Type 0' Report & Period Covered
800/000
1..
15. Supplementary Notes
15. Abstract (Limit: 200 words) . ., .
The Kummer San~tary Landfill ~s a 40-acre s~te located ~n Northern Townsh~p, Seltrami
county, Minnesota. The site consists of a 35-acre landfill and the Kummer residence
located in the extreme southeast corner of the property. To the north and west of the
site, the land is sparsely settled with farm residences. A large residential community
lies about 1,000 feet to the east and west, and the City of Bemidge is located 0.5 mile
south of the site. The city uses ground water for its drinking water; its wells are
0.25 mile west of the site. There are numerous wetlands and lakes within the area of
the site. Between 1971 and 1983 the site operated as a sanitary landfill, accepting
~ixed municipal waste. Landfill operations consisted of excavating trenches, filling
~he trenches with waste materials, and covering the fill with onsite sand and gravel
deposits. The trenches may have been excavated to th'e water table and the waste placed
in direct contact with ground water. Beginning in 1974, demolition debris consisting of
fly ash and sawdust were disposed of onsite. In 1982 and 1983 the Minnesota pollution
Control Agency sampled ground water from onsite monitoring wells and discovered 19 VOCS
including TCE, PCE, and benzene. In 1984,VOCs were also discovered in offsite shallow
residential wells down gradient of the site; consequently, in 1985 the site was ordered
closed. In June 1985 a ROD was signed to provide an alternate water supply to
(See Attached Sheet)
-
17 "R~o~'6~'M't ~'l"I~i~ C h'lmrptors

Kummer Sanitary Landfill, MN
Second Remedial Action
Contaminated Media: gw, soil
Key contaminants: VOCs (benzene,
.?'
PCE, TCE)
b. Identifiers/Open.Ended Terms
c. COSATI Field/Group
18. Availability Statement
19. Security Class (This Report)
None
21. No. of Pages
61
-..-.-- ---.
I
20. Security Class (This Page)
None
22. Price
(See ANSI-ZJ9.18)
Se. Instructions on Revers.
OPTIONAL FOAM 272 (4-77)
(Formerly NTlS-35)
Oepartment 0' Commerce

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- ~---_.._-._-~---~----- ----
EPA/ROD/R05-88/082
Kumme~ Sanita~y Landfill, MN
Second Remedial Action
.,
16.
ABSTRACT (continued)
approximately 244 ho~~s affected by contaminated ground wate~. Although the~e is no
documentation of hazardous waste disposal at the site, it is believed that small
quantities of wastes such as paint thinner, solvents, and pesticides were included in
municipal wastes. The p~ima~y contaminants of concern affecting g~ound water and soil
are VOCs such as TCE, PCE and benzene.
The selected ~emedial action for this site includes: site grading and consolidation
of soil and othe~ was~e mate~ial; placement of a sloping foundation layer of netural
soil fill; capping with a cover system consisting of a gas control laye~, a barrier
laye~ of low permeability material (clay o~ flexible synthetic membrane), and a d~ainage
laye~ with placement of cove~ soil and a vegetative laye~; access and deed restrictions
limiting future site use; and g~oundwater and landfill gas monito~ing. The estimated
capital cost of the selected ~emedy is $7,400,000 to $12,500 fo~ the clay cap and
$6,900,000 to $11,200,000 fo~ the synthetic membrane, with annual O&~ costs of $35,000
and $33,000, ~espectively.

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Record of Decision
Site Name and Location
Kummer Sanitary Landfill
Northern Township, Be1trami County, Minnesota

Statement of Basis and Purpose
This decision document presents the selected remedial action for the Kummer
Sanitary Landfill site in Northern Township, Be1trami County, Minnesota,
. developed in accordance with the Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA), as amended by the Superfund
Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA), the National Contingency
Plan. The Minnesota Pollution Control Agencys. decision is based on the
Minnesota Environmental Response and Liability Act of 1983.

This decision is based upon the administrative record for the Kummer Sanitary
Landfill site. The index of the administrative record is attached.
The State of Minnesota and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA),
each and independen~ly, concur and adopt the selected remedy.

Description of Selected Remedy
The selected remedial alternative for the Kummer Sanitary Landfill site ;s a
source control operable unit to cover the landfill with a low permeability cap
and to undertake other actions consistent with state sanitary landfill closure
requirements. The major components of the selected remedial alternative are:

Site grading and consolidation of waste material.
Placement of a sloping foundation layer of 1-15 feet of existing and
proposed natural soil fill.
Capping with a cover system consisting of a 0.5 feet gas control
layer, a 2.0:foot barrier layer of low permeable material (clay) or a
0.30 millimeter flexible membrane, and a 1.0 foot drainage layer.
A 1.5 foot topsoil, cover soil, and vegetation Tayer to provide
protection of the drainage and barrier layers.
~ite deed restrictions limiting future use of site.
Fencing to restrjct access to the site. ~
Long-term operation and maintenance to provide inspections and
repairs to the landfill cap.
The following component will be evaluated during the remedial design:

Determination whether a low permeability material (clay) or a
. flexible, synthetic membrane liner ;s best suited for use as the
barrier layer.
This attiqn will require operation and maintenance activities to ensure
cont~ nue~. effectiveness of the remedi a1 meq.sures.

The acti on bei ng taken, is consi stent wi th Secti on 121 of CERCLA as amended by
SARA, 42, U.S.C. ~9621. The State of Minnesota has been consulted' and concurs
with the selected remedy. '

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'<.
Declaration
The selected L:ell~ is protective of hmnan health and the environrrent and
attains federal and state requirenents that are applicable or relevant and
appropriate to this raredial action and is cost-effective.
This .1.t:211:lly utilizes peDnanent solutions and alternative treatJrent technologies
to the maximum extent practicable. Treatment of the principal threats of the
site, however, was not found to be practicable; this Lt:2It:dy does not enploy
treat:rrent as a principal elatent of the retedy.

Because. this Lell~ will result in hazardous substances remaining on-site, a
review 'will be conducted within five years after camenceTIent of remedial action
to ensure that the L\:::Ut:dy continues to provide adequate protection of htnnan
heal th and the environrrent.
~/~. av..~?
Valdas V. Adamkus '
Regional Administrator
u. s. Environrrental Protection Agency,
c; 131) /3?
Date
Region V
A4:/i "jj£,(:-
Gerald L. Willet
Camti.ssioner
Minnesota Pollution Control Agency
.c;-:J9~$:g/
Date
~
"-
~

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D
Minnesota Pollution Control Agency
~
September 29 t 1988.
Mr. Valdas Adamkus
Regional Administrator
U . S. Environnental Protection Agency
230 South Dearborn Street
Chicago, Illinois 60604

Dear Mr. Adamkus:
.-.","
-
RE:
Record of Decision, K1..m1'IIer SanitaJ:y Landfill
Enclosed for your consideration are two copies of the Declaration and one copy
of the Record of Decision (ROD) for the K1..m1'IIer Sanitary Landfill (Site). This
ROD was jointly drafted by staff of the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency
(MPCA) and the U.S. Environnental Protection Agency (EPA), Region V.
The ROD selects a landfill cover system and other physical and institutional
controls at the Site to reduce the production of leachate and restrict access to
the Site. The ranedy selected is based upon infomation considered in the
feasibility study conducted by the MPCA and funded through the Multi-Site
Cooperative Ag.(t::~:lIent be~n the MPCA and the EPA.
Upon execution of the ROD with your signature, please .return one original copy
of the Declaration to Joseph Hibberd of my staff. .
MPCA staff appreciates the cooperation and assistance of 'your staff,
particularly Mr. Allen W:Jjtas, in the preparation of this ROD.' If you have any
questions regarding the dcnment, please..contact Dc:>Uglas Day, Superfund Unit
Supervisor at 612/297-1780.
I..-'
Sincerely,
JI" li/}. J /I I ,J/lt'
./.Je 
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M"LCOLM
--.
8IC.
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. SIT E LOCATION
KUMMER SOURCE CONTROL FEASI8ILITY~STUDY
MINNESOTA POLLUTION CONTROL AGENCY
FIGURE

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I.
SITE NAME, I1X::ATION AND DESCRIPl'ION .

The KUIYIter Sanitary Landfill is located in Northern Township, Beltrarni
County, Minnesota, approximately one mile west of Lake Banidji. The site is
located along the north side of Anne Street, N.W., and midway between u.S.
71 and County State-Aid Highway 15. The northern corporate limits of the
City of Banidji are one-half mile south of the site (Figure 1).
Northern Township has a population of 4,095 (1986 data) and is generally
sparsely populated. !oDst of the township residents live in the southeastern
section of the township near the City of Banidji and along the western shore
of Lake Banidji. To the north and west of the site the land is sparsely
settled with fann residences and other isolated buildings. The closest
residential building is the Kurmer residence located on-site in the ext.ra'he
southeast corner of the property. A large residential ccmnunity lies. .
approximately 1,000 feet farther to the east and south. A iTcbile hate park
is located one-quarter mile to the east and a hospital is located directly
southwest of the landfill. .
The landfill property is over 40 acres in size with approximately 35 acres
of the site landfilled. The landfill has relatively steep outslopes and a
gentle sloping to flat upper surface. It is poor to ncderately well
vegetated. The landfill cover material was obtained fran the extreme
northern portion of the-site fran on-site sand and gravel deposits. The
cover may, therefore, be very penreable.
The region is characterized by flat to gently rolling terrain to the north
and gently rolling terrain to the south. Surface elevations range frcm
approximately 1,050 to 1,550 feet above nean sea level (MSL). The area
contains numerous wetlands and lakes. Prior to agricultural drainage,
approximately one-half of Beltrarni County was canprised of wetland. Mineral
resources of the county consist primarily of aggregate sand and gravel, and
peat. .
The terrain in the inmecliate vicinity of. the site is very gently rolling.
The site is bJunded on the east and west by pasture and/or grain croplands,
on the north by ~ands and a bog, and on the south by planted woods and a
gravel pit. Surface elevation at the site ranges fran about 1,360 to 1,380
feet alxwe MSL. I£cal surface drainage~is generally northward. -
Approximately one-half :nile to the north, a m:x:lified stream channel or ditch
carries runoff to Lake Banidji.
(?o
The KlIItTIEr Sanitary Landfill is located within the Mississippi River
Headwaters Watershed. Water resources in the area are considered abundant, .
with lakes and streams occupying about eight percent of the regional surface
area. Stream flow is fairly regular because of storage in lakes, swarrps,
and glacial deposits.. Average annual runoff fran the .watershed is about
5.34 inches. .. ~ '. .
The ground water reservoir contains the largest quantity of water. available
within the area. Ground water discharge provides at least- part qf the base
flow of streams and unifoDn lake stages.. Glacial outwash deposits
underlying the present surface water courses are highly productive.
Additional ground water is also available fran buried valleys filled with
glacial deposits and fran precambrian sedimentary rock.

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q
/ '17,
The landfill site is underlain by glacial outwash deposits of sand and
gravel mixed with Sate silt and clay, and with interbedded layers of sand
and gravel laid down by glacial neltwater streams. The sands of the glacial
outwash deposits continue approximately 100 feet belCM the average site
elevation. Well lOgs £ran dares tic wells located within two or three miles
of the site indicate t.1'1e top of a clay layer at a depth of 36 to 45 feet.
Discontinuous clay lenses encountered at Sate locations within the site do
not appear to be confining units as shown in the geologic cross section in
Figure 2. .
Ground water in the glacial outwash sands flows generally to the east, where
it eventually discharges into Lake Banidji. An approximate growld water
velocity of 0.3 to 3 feet per day is calculated fran an estimated hydraulic
conductivity of 100 to 1,000 feet per day for the outwash sands of the
aquifer. The hydraulic gradient of the water table ranges fran 0.0024 ft/ft
to 0.0030 ft/ft. .
Ground water use in the Banidji area is limited to the unconsolidated
defX)sits above bedrock. The City of Banidji's prima1:y water supply wells
are located one and onEH:}Uarter miles west of the site and are pumped' fran a
depth of about 160 feet.

SITE HISTORY' AND ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITIES
II.
The KUITlTer Sanitary Landfill was opened in 1971 with a pezmi.t (no. SW-31)
fran the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) (Attachment 1). Until
1983, the landfill accepted material described only as mixed municipal
waste. The waste was deposited in the landfill using a trench and fill
technique. Based ufX)n historical infoDnation, it is highly probable that
the trenches were excavated dCMn to the water table and the refuse placed in
direct contact with the water table. Early trenches were located along the
southern, western, and northern borders of the property. Cover material was
excavated from borrow areas within the landfill property. These borrow
areas later becane active landfill disposal sites. The landfill area
occupied a major portion of the property by 1984. A dem:>lition debris
disfX)sal area near the eastern edge of the site was opened'in 1974 and
contains fly ash and saw dust. Thelanc:tfill operator was cited several
tines by regulatory agexies for violations and noncanpliance with peDnit .
requi.rarents .
Ground water samples were collected from the Jandfill m:mitoring wells by
MPCA staff in 1982 and 1983. Nineteen volatile organic compounds (VCCS),
including trichlorofluoranethane, 1, 1, 2, 2-tetrachloroethylene, benzene, ,
1,2-dichloroethane and 1,1,2-trichloroethylene, were found to be preserit in
the downgradient wells. Numerous ~s were also foW)d in shallCM
residential wells downgradient. of the landfill during sampling by MPCA in
1984. ." ..
Although no documentation exists of hazardous waste disfX)sal within the
.landfill, there is a likelihood that small quantities 0f hazardous waste,
such as paint thinners, solvents, pesticides, etc., were included in the
municipal wastes. .

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L.ndti 11
Ground Nohr Altitud~
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VERTICAL SCALE: I' 20
HORIZONTAL SCALE: 1;250'
VERTICAL EXAG. 1'12.5
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Repeated efforts by regulatory agencies to :require the landfill operator to
canply with Minnesota rules and regulations and to close the landfill
finally culminated in a tanporary restraining order on April 4 i . 1985. The
MPCA then issued an Administrative Order on June 25, 1985, closing the
landfill, revoking peDnit SW-31, and requiring the operator to begin ground
. water m:mitoring at the site.
The u.s. Environmental Protection Agerry (U.S. EPA) issued a notice letter
to the operator on May 29, 1985.

Section 122(a) of Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986
(SARA) gives the President the authority to enter into agrearents with.
potentially responsible parties to perfoDn response actions if he deteDnines
the actions will be done properly. If the President detennines that it is
inappropriate to enter into !3Il ag.I:e€(uent or to initiate negotiations, the
responsible parties shall be notified of this d~ision and the reasons
behind it. Charles and Ruth Kux:mer, the owners and operators of the landfil
have been sent a letter dated Septet1ber 28, 1988, notifying than of the
decision not to enter into negotiation with than, consistent with this
:requiratent of section 122 ( a) . .
On Septet1ber 29, 1984, the u.S. 'EPA and MPCA executed a Cooperative
Ag.LeEslent for iroplatenting a Renedial Investigation and Feasibility Study
(RIfFS) for the Kl1IITfer Sanitary Landfill. In CX:tober 1984, the site was
proposed for the National Priorities List.

On June 12, 1985, a Record of Decision (ROD) was signed which selected an .
alternative water supply as the rarecli.al action for ~rable Unit One. The
selected .LI:::II~ provides for an extension of the existing public water
supply frem the City of Bemidji to seJ:Ve the area east of the landfill to
Lake Bemidji. Construction of the water systan began in June 1987, and is
expected to be canpleted by Septet1ber 1989. Approximately 244 connections
to individual.hates and businesses will be canpleted under this operable
unit. .
III. .CcmtTU11ity Relations History
The Superfund activities at the Kl1IITfer Sanitary Landfill site have been
foll
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March 1985
Spring 1985
July 22, 1985
November 12, 1985
July 10, 1986
July 22, 1986
January 1988
August 30, 1988
September 2, 1988
September 15, 1988
September 24, 1988
**** NOI'E:
TABLE 1
COMMUNITY RELATIONS SUMMARY - KUMMER lANDFILL
- Ccmnunity relations interviews conducted and infoDnation
repository established at Banidji Public Library.

- Ccmnunity relations plan written and approved by u.S. EPA.
- News release to Banidji nedia announcing federal Superfund
study of contamination atKUITItEr Sanitary Landfill and
ITDney awarded for water system.
- Public meeting held to discuss future federal Superfund
Raredial Investigation/Feasibility Study (RI/FS) and water
distribution system.
- News release announcing meeting in Northern ToWnship
regarding beginning of RI/FS.

- Meeting held. in Northem Township on RIfFS start; fact
sheet provided to residents and township; RIfFS work plan
placed in infonnation repository.
- Update fact sheet to Northern Township residents on status
of water system and status of RI investigations. Fact
sheet indicated that MPCA' s contractor was proceeding with
an FS while doing additional RI work.
- News release announcing canpletion of FS for cover;
announcing public ccmnent period and date of public
meeting.
- Ad published in Bemidji Pioneer announcing sane
infoDnation as news release. FS rePort and proposed plan
placed in infonnation J:epository. .
. . ~
- Public meeting held, fact sheet provided to public.
- Public carment period ended; responsiveness sUIttM.ry
written and attached to Record of Decision.
Numerous news releases and letters were l1'ailed to Northern Township -
residents to provide infoDmation on water system installation in 1987 and "1988
as part of the water supply operable unit.

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Before the carment pericx::t ccmrenced, a news release was issued and a
newspaper advertisercent placed in the local newspaper notifying the
carmunity of the availability of the proposed plan and RIfFS Reports.

A public neeting was held on SeptE!11ber 15, 1988, where the MPCA presented
the alternatives. to a group of local citizens. The responsiveness sunmary
(Attachment 2) addresses specific ccmrents raised at the Septeml:::er 15 public
neeting and during the ccmrent pericx::t.
IV.
SCOPE AND ROLE OF OPERABLE UNIT OR RESPONSE ACI'ION WITHIN SITE STRATEGY
The remediation at the Kumrer site has been divided into three operable
units. The operable units are: .
A.
Orie: Alternative water supply
B.
Two:
Source control of contaminants emanating fran the landfill
C.
Three: Managanent of migration through the ground water
Operable Unit One, which is currently unde:rway, provides for an extension of
the City of 8emi.dji municipal water supply 5Y5tan into the affected area.
The municipal water supply connections will provide a safe drinking water
supply for residents with contaminated wells.
Operable Unit Two, now under consideration at the Kumrer site, is required
to control the infiltration of contaminants into area ground water, and to
prevent direct htman contact with landfilled wastes. Ground water raredial
action will be addressed in Operable Unit Three.
The alternatives considered for source control are presented in section VII
and were analyzed using U.S. EPA's nine criteria for effective Superfund
action listed later in this document. The FS report presents a ccrnplete
description and evaluation of the alternatives. Arrong these is. the
alternative selected for closure of the Kumrer Sanitary Landfill.
v.
SUMMARY OF SITE atARACTERISTICS
Contamination in the vi~inity of the site is predaninantly with VOCs. The.
ground water is the principal ITedium known to have been contaminated. The
source of contaminant release is most likely the waste materials that have
. been disposed of within the landfilL. The contamination could t:e the result
ot either surface water infiltrating through the peDmeable landfill cover
and caning in contact with the waste materials, or the waste materials t:eing
in direct contact with ground water. The exact nature and state of
materials within the landfill is not .known at this time t:ecause it was
detennined that conducting oorings through the landfill would t:e too
dangerous to the site ....urkers.
"
"

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Based upon historic data and results from the RI, ground water contamination
is of primary concern at this site. Wells upgradient: of the landfill have
shown no contamination, while twenty-five halogenated and nonhalogenated
organic ccmpounds were detected in downgradient m:>nitoring wells and private
wells. The range of concentrations of these organic canpounds in rronitoring
and residential wells prior to 1986 is shown in Table 2. Concentrations for
these organic compounds in the downgradient wells ranged frcm barely
detectable to upwards of 130 ug/L (micrograms Per liter) for the compound
tetrahydrofuran. The highest concentration for an organic compound in a
residential well was 46 ug/L (ITEthylene chloride). Othez:wise, rrost of the
organic compounds were found at concentrations below 10 ug/L. The data
obtained prior to 1986 indicate an area of ground water contamination
southeast of the landfill as indicated in Figure 3. .
VI.
SUMMARY OF SITE RISKS
The RI identified a number of indicator paraneters for the subject site.
The indicator selection is designed to identify the "highest risk"
contaminants at the site so that the PUblic health evaluation and subsequent
I:E!tediation is focused on the chanicals of greatest concern. The indicator
contaminants are chosen based upon their toxicity, rrobility and quantity and
are listed below: .
Halogenated chanicals
- Tetrachloroethylene (PCE)
- Trichloroethylene ('ICE)
- Trans-1, 2-dichloroethy lene
- Vinyl chloride
Ncm-halogenated chanicals
- Benzene
PCE and 'ICE are suspected carcinogens which, in tezms of relevant potency,
rank in the lowest quartile am:mg 55 suspected or known carcinogens
evaluated by the USEPA Carcinogens AssesSITEnt Group. . Vinyl chloride and
benzene are known carcinogens, while trans-1,2-dichlo'roethy1ene has not been
identified as a carcinogenic canp:rund. j ..
. . ;j
Degradative transfonnation of PCE through 'ICE and through one or rrore
dichloroethylene intennecliaries such as trans-1,2-dichloroethylene and
1,1-dichloroethylene, to vinyl chloride has been suggested and may occur .
through biological processes.
In soils, and especially in soils of low organic content, the chlorinated
ethylenes will leak into the ground water. PeE and 'ICE adsorb to soils with
high levels of organic content. The "rrost important fate and transport
process for the chlorinated ethylenes in the upper layer of soil and ~urface
water is volatilization into the atmosphere.

Sorption, leaching and biodegration are environmental fate processes for
benzene introduced to soils. Benzene will sorb to sediITEntary organic
material and sorption processes are likely :reroval mechanisms in both ground
water and surface waters. Benzene has a relatively high water solubility

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TABLE
2
KUMMER SANITARY LANDFILL
VOLATILES FOUND IN GROUND WATER PRIOR TO 1986
Methylene Chloride
l,l-Dichloroethane
cis l-2-Dichloroethylene
1.I,Z-Trichloroethylene
Trichlorofluoromethane
l.l-Dichloroethylene
- l-2,Dichloropropane
Vinyl Chloride
Ch 1 oromethane
Dichlorofluoromethane
Bromomethane
1.2-Dichloroethane
l,l,l-Trichloroethane
Dichlorodifluoromethane
Acetone
Ethyl Ether
Benzene
Toluene.
Total Xylenes
Tetrahydrofuran
Ethyl Benzene .
l,l,2,2-Tetrachloroethylene
Chloroform
Chloroethane
1,I,2,2-Tetrachlorethane
1,2-Dibromomethane
Bromodichloromethane
1,2-Dibromoethane
Trichloroethene
Methyl Isobutyl Ketone
l,l-Dichloro-l-Propane
Lowest Highest
1.0 46.0
0.3 5.4
0.2 27.0
0.2 2.7
0.2 5.6
0.2 1.7
0.2 1.7
 0.1 4.2
 0.2 8.8
 16.0 100.0
 0.1 60.0
 0.3 3.1
 0.5 6.8
 0.6 8.2
 0.5 130.0
 0.5 8.0
 2.0 16.0
 0.2 2.4
 2.0 4.6
 0.4 0.7
~ 0.2 0.7
0.4 0.7 .
 0.2 2.8
 5.0 6.0
 0.2. 1.8
All values in micrograms/liter.
If no Lowest-Highest value is given, the volatile organic compound was
detected as a peak below the detection level. .

-------
,',".'.',;',',','::-:-,:-., : GENERAL. AREA
1 OF
1 GROUND WATER
~ ~7::7::7m:T='JpONTAMINAnON

C
.,....,."..,
/C:
I:
* !?
141H "". t::,"
t::::.
U;


~
~
'J-:
@
@
@
~
-.
-.
-I
"":::::1
LAKE
..
NORTHERN TOWNSHIP
KUMMER
SANITARY
LANDF I L.1. ,
ROBERTSON DR.

HIL.L.CREST
MANOR
w
>
<
ANNE ST,
-
',-
-

, -
~
i:
Troller COlirt
(l",i,,0'81
-
-
-
-
-
""LCOL" ,,!tI ,... , "IC.
FIGURE 3

-------
and a low soil-water distribution coefficient; therefore, benzene is
expected to leach frcm soils of low organic content. Benzene may be
utilized as a source of carron by Sc::m3 bacteria for short periods of tirre.
Gradual biodegradation by a variety of micro-organisms. probably occurs, the
rate of which may be enhanced by the presence of other hydrocarrons.
Volatilization is the primary transport process for benzene introduced to
aquatic systems. Envirornnental conditions, such as water turbulence, affect
the rate of volatilization. Bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms is low at
observed envirornnental concentrations. Once introduced to the atmJsphere,
however, benzene may be rapidly photo-oxidized.
The principal. pathway of migration of the contaminants of concern and
subsequent human exposure is through the ground water. Use of ground water
for drink.ing or c(X)king results in ingestion eJq;:Osure. The release of VOCs
frcm bath or shower water can result in inhalation exposure. Skin
adsorption durincj bathing and routine washing activities does not appear to
be a significant eJq;:Osure pathway at this site due to the high volatility of
the contaminants and their low adsorption potential. The possibility exists
for exposure by inhalation of methane or VOCs in the at:ncsphere, or
ingestion of contaminated soils.

Table 3 ccmpares the highest contaminant concentration found in the ground
water with various., applicable criteria. These criteria include U.5. EPA
Maximum Contaminant Levels (M:::Ls ), M:L Q:>aJ.s (M:LGs), Proposed M:Ls, and
Proposed M:U;s. The State of Minnesota has also established. re<::cmnended
maxirnlnn contaminant concentrations (Reccmrended Allowable L.imi ts) for human
consumption. The concentrations of tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethylene,
vinyl chloride, and benzene exceed one or rrore of the applicable criteria.
Testing of residential wells downgradient of the landfill revealed the
presence of 18 different VOCs in the ground water. The testing sh~ that
mimy of the wells contain several (up ~o 14) different VOCs. Several of the
CCITTJ;X)unds exceeded the established 10- health risk limits while a number of
caT1pOunds do not have established limits. In many cases, the residential
wells contained nurrerpus caT1pOunds which do not have ,established health risk
limits or are below such limits and the actual health risk- to the water user
cannot ~4detennined. However, an. en~genrent assesstrent identified a
3.3 x 10 excess canCE:r risk (approximately three excess cancers per
10,000) in the affected area.
A public water system is currently under construction to replace
contaminated private wells in the area. However, several residents have
refused to allow connections to the system and, therefore, renain at risk.
The Kummer Sanitary Landfill continu~s to release contamination into the
ground water by allowing precipitation to percolate through the refuse
resulting in the uncontrolled production of leachate.
- .

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TABLE
3
KUMMER SANITARY LANDFILL
Comparison of Contaminant Concentrations In
Ground Water to Applicable Criteria
(X denotes exceedance; all units in ug/I)
Contaminant
We 11
Type
Hax imum
Contaminant
Concentration
HCLs
HCLGs
PHCLs
Other Cri tert a
PMCLGs RALs
AWQC
Tetrachloroethyl~ne
NA
NA
NA
o
6.9
0(0.88)
Pri vate
Mon i tori ng

Trichloroethylene
7.5
10
Pri vate
Mon I tori ng

trans-1,2-Dichlopoethylene.
6.8
4.0
5 0 5
X X X
 X 
NA NA NA
X
X

o
X
X

31. 2
X
X
0(2.8)
X
X

70
X
X

NA
70
Pri vate
Monitoring

Vinyl chlofide
35
7.6
Pri vate
Monitoring
41
67
2 0  0 0.15 0(2.0)
X X X X X X
X X X X X X
5 0 5 0 12 0(0.67)
 X  X  X
 X  X  X
Benzene
Pri vate
Monitoring
LT 1.3
5.0
Notes:

MCLs'and HCLCs - USEPA Haximum Contaminant Levels and Maximum Contaminant Level Goals.
PHCLs and PHCLCs - USEPA Proposed Haxlmum Contaminant Levels and Proposed Maximum
Contaminant level Goals.
RALs - Hi nnesota Department of Ilea I th Recorrmended All owab 1 e Li ml ts.
AWQC - USEPA Ambient Water Quality Criteria for the protection of human health. Adjusted for
drinking water 0~6Y as per USEPA (1986). Concentrations in parentheses correspond to
the midpoint (10 ) of the risk range for potential carciongens.
NA - Not available.
LT - Less than.

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VII.
DESCRIPl'ION OF ALTERNATIVES
The al ternati ves presented in the proposed plan .were developed based upon a
screening of possible renedi.al technologies, and compliance of the
alternatives with applicable or relevant and appropriate requirerrents
(ARARs) of envirormental statutes. Considerations at the Kurmer site which
entered into the screening process are as follows:
A.
The ground water is utilized by private well owners as a drinking water
source. The residents have been or soon will be provided with an
alternative water supply. ~, serna of the property owners have
not pennitted connections of their property to the water system.
B.
An estimated 1.3 million cubic yards of waste are present at the
landfill, serna of which may be in direct contact with the water table.
C.
Soil surrounding the landfill does not appear to be contaminated and
the area of potential soil contamination is primarily within the
confines of the landfill. The possibility exists that volatile
contaminants are present in gas emissions atanating fran the landfill.

Characterization data for landfill contents is unavailable.
D.
Excavation of the landfill, with destruction of the wastes by incineration,
or disposal off-site in a secure camercial landfill, or re-disposal on-site
in a lined landfill, was eliminated in the screening process due to
excessive cost and short-tenn impacts on human health fran air emissions.
Because there is no docurrentation of hazardous waste disposal at the site,
the entire contents of the landfill, approximately 1. 3 million cubic yards,
would require excavation and reroval. In addition, the excavation, reroval,
and transportation of the waste would cause significant impacts to the air
quality and to the health and safety of the site workers.
In-place closure of the landfilledwaste,consisting of alternative cover
systems was developed for detailed evaluation. The source control
alternatives for Operable Unit 'l\-.Q are:
A.
Al ternati ve 1:
Ei
No Action
B.
AI ternati ve 2:
Closure
Proposed State Rules for Interim Municipal Landfill
C.
Alternative 3: . Proposed State Rules for Municipal Landfill Closure
D.
Alternative 4:
Hazardous Waste Facility Closure
All alternatives except "no action" would include capping the 35-acre founer -
disposal area with varying layers and thicknesses of soil and/or synthetic
materials which in combination would ccrnprise a cover system for the
landfill. Each alternative cover system described below includes a
foundation layer overlying existing materials to support the cover system
and a continuous coarse grained soil layer in conjunction with gas vents to
control gas migration. The differences in the alternative cover systems
consist of varying thicknesses of cover soil, the prese~ce and thickness of

-------
a lateral drainage layer and the type -of barrier layer utilized to minimize
percolation of surface water. The cover systems would provide vcu:yii1g
degrees of control of contaminant migration into ground water and surface
water by minimizing percolation of rainfall and snow nelt through the
landfill contents.
Alternatives 2, 3 and 4 each contain two variations, identified as A or 8.
Within each alternative, the variations provide for alternative barrier
layer materials which ca11ply with Minnesota rules for landfill closure or
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) guidance. The alternative
materials are low peDreability canpacted clay or 30 mil high density
polyethylene (HOPE) synthetic rrenbrane.
For each alternative, except "no action," an institutional control
consisting of a deed restriction will be necesscu:y to preserve the integrity
of the selected cover by preventing construction, excavation, or other
activities which would damage the cover material.
The following section describes the four (4) alternatives, including
material variations, which were developed for detailed evaluation. Each
alternative is shown in Figure 4.

Alternative 1:
00 ACTION
Construction Cost: $32,0.00 - $44,000
Annual Operation and Maintenance (O&M) Costs:
M::>nths to Implarent: 1
None
The Ca11prehensive Environmental Response, Catpensation, and Liability Act of
1980 (CERCIA) as amended requires that the "no action" alternative be
considered at every site. - Under this alternative, the site would be fenced
to prevent direct human contact with landfilled wastes, but no further
action would be taken to control the ability of contaminants to migrate to
the ground water. --

Alternative 2A:
- .
PROPCSED STATE RULES FeR INl'ERIM MUNrCI~AL LANDFILL - CLAY BARRIER
Construction Cost: $6,000,000 - $10,000,000
Annual O~ costs: $31,000
M::mths to Implement: 18 to 24
This renedy would include the installation of a minimum 42-inch cover systan
over the landfill area. The barrier to downward percolation of infiltrating
surface water is provided by a 24-inch compacted clay layer. Additional
-. quantities of soil fill are required to construct a minimum tYvU perce~t
slope to facilitate surface water runoff. The Alternative 2A soil cap
ca11plies with state regulations for a landfill which will no longer receive
waste and will be closed within 18 m::mths of the effective date of parts
7035.2525 to 7035.2815 of the Minnesota proposed rules. .

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Alte~tive 2B:
PROPOSED STATE RULES FOR INl'ERIM MUNICIPAL IJ.\NDFILL - SYNl'HETIC MEMBRANE
BARRIER
Construction Cost: $5,400,000 - $8,700,000
Annual O&M Costs: $30,000
r-t:>nths to In;>latent: 18 to 24
This alternative is similar to Alternative 2A, except a HDPE rnenbrane is
substituted for the 24-inch clay barrier. The 30 mil thick HDPE rranbrane
complies with state regulation for closure of a municipal landfill.
Alternative 3A: .
PROPOSED STATE RULES FOR MUNICIPAL lANDFILL - ClAY BARRIER
Construction Cost: $7,400,000 - $12,500,000
Annual O&M Costs: $35,000
r-t:>nths to Implatent: 18 to 24
Under this alternative, the landfill area is capPed by a minimum 50-inch
cover systan. A 24-inch compacted clay layer provides the barrier to
downward migration of contaminants due to percolation of surface
.precipitation. In comparison to Alternative 2, Alternative3A provides six
inches of additional cover material for prcm::>tion of vegetation, drainage
and protection of the barrier layer. The minimum slope is main~ined at ~
percent and a lateral drainage. layer is added to intercept surface water
percolating into the cover systan. This alternative complies with state
regulations for a landfill which will receive wastes 18 m::mths after the
effective date of parts 7035.2525 to 7035.2815 of the Minnesota proposed
rules.
Al ternati ve 3B
PROPOSED STATE RULES FOR MUNICIPALIJ.\NDFILL - SYNI'HETIC MEMBRANE BARRIER
. .
Construction Cost: $6,900,000 - $11,200,000
Annual O&M Costs: $33,000 4
r-t:>nths to Irnplatent: ~8-24 ..
This alternative is similar to Alternative 3A, except an HDPE SYnthetic
rranbrane is substituted for.the 24-inch clay barrier layer. The 30 mil
thick HDPE liner systan also complies with state regulations for closure of
a municipal landfill.
Al ternati ve 4A
ReRA EQUIVALENl' FOR HAZAROOUS WASTE FACILITY
Construction Cost: $10,300,000 - $17,300,000
Annual O&M Costs: $38,000
r-t:>nths to Implement: 18-24.

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VIII.
A minimum 78-inch soil cap is included with this alternative. A ccmposite
barrier to downward pexcolation is provided by an HDPE liner overlying a
12-inch clay layer. The cover soil layers are 30 inches thicker than in
Alternative 3. This alternative is designed to be in substantive ccmpliance
with RCRA regulations for closure of a hazardous waste facility, but varies
fran federal design guidance in the thickness of the clay layer.
Alternative 4B
RCRA CWSURE FOR HAZAROOUS WASTE FACILITY
Construction Cost: $10,800,000 - $18,200,000
Annual O&M Costs: $39,000
M:>nths to Implarent: 18 to 24
Alternative 4B differs fran alternative 4A in that the thickness of the clay
layer is increased fran 12 inches to 24 inches. This alternative is
designed to ccmply with ReM hazardous waste regulations and federal design
guidances.
SUMMARY OF COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES
A.
Overall Protection of HlID1al1 Health and the Environment. All of the
alternatives, with the exception of the no action alternative, ~uld
provide, with varying degrees of efficiency, an increased protection of
human health and the envirornrent with respect to existing conditions.
The increased protection is achieved by reducing Percolation of surface
precipitation through the landfilled wastes, and thereby contrulling
leachate production and contaminant migration into ground wat:er and
surface water. Table 4 describes the volume and pexcentage of
pexcolation reduction fran the various alternatives. NOne of the
alternative. cover systans will prevent the migration of contaminants
caused by wastes in contact with ground water as may te the case at the
Kumner site. The cover systems ~uld also reduce the risk of direct
contact with the contaminants ranaining at the site.
Al ternati ve 4 provides the test overall protection. Ha.vever, the
provision of an alternative water $.Ipply (Operable Unit One) and the
proposed future mi~ation nanagerent ratEdial action (Operable Unit
Three) reduce the risks associated with this site. Therefore, since
Alternative 3 reduces 90 pexcent of infiltration, and considering the
functions of Operable Units One and Three, Alternative 3 is as equally
protective as Alternative 4.
B.
Compliance with MARs. SARA requires that renedial actions meet
legally applicable or relevant ~d appropriate requirements of other
environmental laws. These laws may include: the Toxic Substances
Control Act, the Safe Drinking Water Act, the Clean Air Act, the Clean
Water Act, the Solid Waste Disp:>sal Act (RCM), and any state law which
has stricter requirements than the corresp::>nding federal law.

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TABLE 4
KUMMER SANITARY LANDFILL
ALTERNATIVE COVER SYSTEM HELP MODEL RESULTS
 Percolation from Percolation from  Increased
Alternative Base of Landfill Base of Landfill Initial" Efficiency
Number (ga 11 ons/ year )- (percent)* Efficiency (percent)"'"
1. 10.600.000 44.0  56.0 0.0
2A. 2.900.000 11.7  88;3 73.0
28. 2.900.000 11.9  88.1 73.0
3A. 1.500.000 6.0  94.0 86.0
3B. 1.500.000 6.0  94.0 86.0
4A. 0 0.0 . 100.0 100.0
48. 0 0.0  100.0 100.0
* Percentage of total precipitation occurring. on. the landfill that is
percolating from the base of the landfill based on a five year annual
average.
.. Initial efficiency is defined as the percentage of total precipitation
.which is rejected or contained by the cover system under assumed initial
conditions.
*.. Increased Efficiency is defined by the volume 'reduction of percolation
from the base of the landfill caused by the alternate cover system
divided by the total volume of.- pei"colation without a barrier (existing
conditions) rounded to the nearest percent.
Note:
1.
A leakage of 50 square feet per acre was used in the analysis
of ~ose barriers utilizing a synthetic membrane.
- .
3.
The initial efficiency and the increased efficiency of all the
alternative cover systems will decrease over the 50 year
postclosure period.

Alternatives 4A and 48 will not achieve the zero. percent
percolation or 100 percent initial or increased efficiency
indicated by the HELP Model because of material defects. poor
installation and physical abrasio~ and degradation.
2.

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Applicable requirements are cleanup standards, standards of control,
and other substantive environmantal protection requirements, criteria
or limitations prcmulgated under federal or state law that specifically
9.ddress a hazardous substance, pollutant, contaminant, .ratedial action,
location or other ci.rct.nnstance at a site. A requi.remant is
"applicable" if the ranedial action or circumstances at the site
satisfy all of the. jurisdictional prerequisites of the requiranent.
Relevant and appropriate requiranents are cleanup standards, standards
of control, and other environmantal protection requi..renents, criteria
or limitations prcmulgated under federal or state law that, while not.
legally "applicable" to a hazardous substance, pollutant, contaminant,
remedial action, location or other ci.rct.nnstance at a site, address
problans or situations sufficiently similar to those encountered at the
site that their use. is well suited to that site.
"A requi..renent that is judged to be relevant and appropriate must be
complied with to the same degree as if it were applicable. Ha,..ever,
there is ItDre discretion in this detennination: it is possible for
only part of a requirement to be considered relevant and appropriate,
the rest being dismissed if judged not to be relevant and appropriate
in a given case" (Interim Guidance on Compliance with Applicable or
Relevant and Appropriate RequiratEnts, 52 FR 32496, August 27, 1987).
The :regulations for closure of a hazardous waste facility prcmulgated
pursuant to RCRA, 42 U.S.C. Sections 6901, et. seq., are not
"applicable" to this site because the Ktn'C1rer Sanitary Landfill was not
operated or pe:cnitted as a hazardous waste facility. Further, these
:regulations contained in Subtitle C are not "relevant and appropriate"
because there is no docunentation of any hazardous waste disposal at
this site. The Kumner Sanitary Landfill was operated and pennitted by
the State of Minnesota as a mixed municipal solid waste landfill.
However, the requi..renents of Subtitle D of RCRA, which applies to solid
waste facilities, are "applicable" at this site. The solid waste
program irnplenentation is a state and local function. The federal
function is to establish the :regulatory direction, set minimum
standards and provide technical .as~istance to states in developing
their own solid W?ate rranagenent programs. . The State of Minnesota does
have solid waste disposal :regulations (Chapter 7035.0001 et. seq.)
which are "applicable" to this site. These regulations became
effective in 1970 and were revised in 1973." They were in effect at the
tirre the landfill ceased operation in 1984. Also, the pennit issued by
the State of Minnesota (pennit SW-31i Attachment 1) for operating the
landfill required compliance with state regulations at the time of
landfill closure. .
The State of Minnesota is currently in the process of adopting new
:regulations for solid waste disposal facilities. These regulations are
expected to be promulgated before the end of 1988, will be in effect,
and therefore also" applicable," at the time the remedial action takes
place at the Kurrmer Sanitary Landfill. These proposed :regulations will

-------
have "interim" requirements for landfills closed within 18 rronths of
the effective date, and other additional requirements for landfills
closed after 18 rronths of the effective date for the new regulations.
It is anticipated the "interim" requ.i.rarents will be applicable for the
ranedial action at this site.
Alternative 3 meets the state and federal ARARs for solid waste
landfill closure. Alternative 2 meets only the "interim" state ARARs
for solid waste landfills. Alternative 4 exceeds minimum state and
federal ARARs for solid waste landfills. Al ternati ve 1 does not meet
minimum state or federal ARARs.
C.
lonq-Tenn Effectiveness and Pe:rmanence. long-tenn effectiveness for
this operable unit is evaluated in tenns of the reduction of leachate
generation with respect to present conditions and potential for failure
of the cover system. A ground water rronitoring system will be included
in the Operable Unit Three Y.Drk phase for management of contamination
migration through ground water. The future ground water .rronitoring
systern will be used to verify the effectiveness of the contairnTIent
unit.
Leachate generation was estimated using a canputer rocx:lel developed by
the U.S. Anny Corps of Engineers and average weather data for nearby
St. Cloud, Minnesota. The simulated percolation reaching the base of
the landfill, expressed as a percentage of total precipitation falling
on the l!IDCifill surface, is as follows:
Alternative
Percentaqe
1
2A
2B
3A
3B
4A
4B
44.0
11. 7
11.9
5.9
5.9
0.0
0.0
The ab:Jve values are estimates only, and represent conditions assumed to
exist inmediately folla.ving conStruction of the cover systern. The
simulation does not take into account the decrease in cover systen-
effectiveness due to poor installation, material defects, and physical
abrasion and degradation. Alternatives 1 and 2 do not ccmply with the
proposed State of Minnesota requirement that a cover systern be abl~ to
reject or contain at least 90 percent of the surface precipitation.
Alternatives 3 and 4 do, h
-------
0,
D.
which includes only 12 inches of cover soil and no lateral drainage
layer, has the greatest potential for failure due to penetration or
freeze/thaw damage of the barrier layer. Alternative 4 provides the
greatest 10ng-teDn protection against failure.

Reduction of Toxicity, MJbility, or Volume of the Contaminants.
~ne of the alternatives utilize treatnent to reduce toxicity,
IOObility, or volume. However, alternatives 2, 3 and 4 utilize
containment to reduce the volume of leachate prc:x:iuced and to prevent
the IOObility of the contaminants contained within the refuse.
Containment will reduce contamination fran entering the ground water,
and thereby reduce the risk associated with consumption or contact with
the water.
E.
Short-TeDn Effectiveness. All cover systan alternatives will have
minimal potential impact on hmnan health because construction
activities will disturb only minimal volumes of in-place wastes if they
are found to be present i.rrrtediately adjacent to roadways. Scme
nuisance conditions, such as litter or odors, may occur during
excavation and redisposal of Sate wastes. The major impact on the
nearby residents will be substantially increased truck traffic required
to transport the large quantities of soil cClTlprising the cover systan
canponents. The cover systan will require 18 to 24 rronths to design
and construct, depending upon seasonal ~ather conditions. Al ternati ve
4 will probably require a slightly longer construction period than
Al ternati ves 2 and 3.
Workers may be exposed to air anissions of VOCs and rrethane during site
grading and placement of initial layers. However, all cover
alternatives share these activities. Air IOOnitoring will be necessary
and respiratory protection utilized if needed based upon the rronitoring
results.
F.
Implenentability. The equiptent, materials, and skilled workers needed
to construct the cover systan alternatives are readily available in
northem Minnesota. The plans and specifications for the alternative
cover systan are likely to attract construction bids fran local and
regional contractors. The manufacturers and suppliers of the synthetic
membrane material 3re likely to be canpanies operating nationally. .
G.
Cost. Al ternati ve 1 has minimal estimated construction costs. The
estimated construction costs for each of the remaining alternatives are
as follows: .
- Alternative
- Alternative
- Altemative
- Alternative
- Alternative
- Alternative
2A - $ 6,000,000 - $10,000,000
28 - $ 5,400,000 ~ $ 8,700,000
3A - $ 7,400,000 - $12,500,000
38 - $ 6,900,000 $11,200,000
4A - $10,300,000 - $17,300,000
48 - $10,800,000 - $18~200,000
T:'le estimated construction costs are sensitive to the unit costs of the
soils and/or SYnthetic membrane caTlprising the cover systan

-------
IX.
alternatives. The availability of the various soil types canprising
the cover systems cannot be detennined with resr:ect to quantity,
quality or w1.it cost until further detailed engineering investigations
are initiated.
The annual operation and maintenance costs for each cover systen
(Alternatives 2A .through 4B) are estimated as follows:

- Alternative 2A - $31,000
- Alternative 2B - $30,000
- Alternative 3A - $35,000
- Alternative 3B - $33,000
- Alternative 4A - $38,000
- Alternative 4B - $39,000
Detailed cost figures for each alternative are included in AttachIrent
3. .
H.
State Acceptance.
The State of Minnesota supports the selected renedy.
I.
Carmunity Acceptance. Since only two ccmrents ~re received at the
public meeting and during the ccmrent period, it is sanewhat difficult
to judge the carmunity's reaction to the proposed landfill cover. Both
ccmrents ~re received frem residents of the area and both supported
al ternati ves other than the recc:mnended al ternati ve. However, the lack'
of ccmrents frem the county, the township and other interested parties
may indicate that the recc:mnended alternative as a satisfactory one.
One ranaining issue which the township questioned but did not ccmrent
. upon -- channeling the surface runoff from the landfill -- will be
decided during ranedial design. Township concerns on this issue will
be considered during the design phase. .
SELECl'ED REMEDY
The selected remedy is Alternative 3 (Figure 5).
following major cCItlpOnents: " .
Al ternati ve 3 has the
A.
Canplete site fencing and posting to restrict access ~o the site.
Site grading to pr::;m:)te precipitation runoff and reduce infiltration. .
B.
C.
Gas control layer, lateral migration barrier, and rronitoring system.
D.
Site capping with a low permeability material and drainage layer which
meets state and federal solid waste landfill requirements, and which
minimizes leachate generation and prevents direct contact with waste
materials.
E.
Top cover of cover soil, top soil, and vegetation.
F.
Maintenance and annual insr:ection of: the landfill cover, and rronitoring
of ground water and landfill gas to determine effectiveness of above
measures. .

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PROPOSED F'INAL SURFACE. GOOD VEGETATION
VEGET A TI VE LA YER
TOPSOIL
0.5 FT.
COVER SOIL 1.0 F'T.
DRAINAGE lAYER
1.0 F'T.
BARRIER LAYER
LOW PERMEASILITY MATERIAL
(2x1 0-6 em/see)
OR FlEXIBlf: MEMBRANE

GAS CONTROL lAYER
2.0 FT.
0.5 FT.
1.0-15.0 F'T.
REFUSE'
0-20.0 F'T.
NATURAL SOil.
NOTE: THIS CROSS SECTION IS PER PROPOSED STATE SOLID WASTE RULES.
MINNESOTA RULES PART 70.35.2815. SUBPART 6. ITEM D.
. '0 [i
~
ALTERNATIVE COVER SYSTEM 3
KUMMER SOURCE CONTROL FEASIBILITY STUDY
MINNESOTA POLLUTION CONTROL AGENCY.
W"LCOI..W PIRNIE. INC.
F1CURE 5
JULY 1988

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G.
Legal recording of deed restrictions designating the site as a
restricted use property.
This alternative provides the best balance am::>ng the nine criteria used by
the u.s. EPA to evaluate raneclial action alternatives. Alternative 3
contains ~ (2) variations of barrier layer materials. At the present
tinE, there is insufficient infonnation regarding the available quantity,
quality and cost of the materials canprising the barrier layer. The final
selection will be made during the early design stages of the project. At
that tinE, an evaluation will be conducted to detennine the cost and
availability of both barrier layer materials. One barrier layer material
will be eliminated frcm further consideration if it is found to be
cost-prohibitive. In addition, the lack of infonnation concerning the
potential settlement of the landfill also makes it impossible to evaluate
whether clay or a synthetic barrier is rrcre appropriate for the site.
Both variations of Alternative 3 use proven containment techniques and will
minimize future contaminant migration by reducing the volume of .
precipitation which percolates through the landfilled wastes. Alternative 3
was also selected because it canplies with the State of Minnesota's prolX'sed
rules for closure of a municipal landfill at a l~r cost than Alternative
4.
The effectiveness of the selected cover system in protecting ground water.
quality will be verified by a rrcnitoring ne~rk installed as part of the
ground water operable unit phase of \o,Urk.

STA'IUIORY DETERMINATIONS
x.
A.
Protection of Human Health and the Envirornnent
The remedy selected is based upon lX'tential future endange.rment to
public health, welfare and the environment. Ground water sampling
indicates reasonable evidence that substantial quantities of hazardous
. sUbstances and pollutants exist in the landfill waste mass. The
substantial threat of continued release of these'materials may present
an imninent and substantial danger J.o public health, Welfare and the
environment if the3e substances continue to be released.
The chosen alternative is protective of hUI1'aIl health and the
environment. The fencing, deed restrictions and capping all provide
protection frcm direct contact with contaminated materials. Capping of
the landfill also reduces the emissions of methane and VCCs and reduces
percolation of precipitation through the landfill and thus the.
migration of hazardous substances into ground water and surface water.
MJnitoring of the ground water and surface water under the. ground water -
operable unit will identify any failures of the containment system.
Once alerted to an elevated level of contaminants, additional rcr.edial
actions can be taken to abate any threat.
The selected alternative should not cause any unacceptable short-term
risks or cross-ITedia impacts to the environment because only minimal
movement of in-place wastes will be neCessary.

-------
B.
Attai.rnrent of ARARs
The selection by the State of Minnesota and the U.S. EPA of the
landfill cover and related activities for the Kunmer Sanitary Landfill
will comply with the following applicable or relevant and appropriate
state and federal solid waste landfill requirements:
1.
RCRA Subtitle D, 40 CPR 257, for closure of solid waste
facilities.
2.
Current Minnesota Rules pt. 7035.1700 Z, for closure of solid
waste landfills (AttachrlEnt 4).
3.
Proposed Minnesota Rules pt. 7035.2815, subp. 6, for closure of so
waste landfills (Attachment 5).
4.
Minnesota solid waste pe~t number SW-31 issued April 26, 1971,
to the owners/operators of the Kurrrrer Sanitary Landfill
(At tachrrEnt l).
C.
Cost-Effectiveness
TIle selected ratedy is prescribed by canpliance with applicable state
and federal solid waste landfill closure ARARs. Alternative 3 provides
greater protection against infiltration than Alternative 2 at a cost
substantially less than that of Alternative" 4. In addition, the use of
a drainage layer and additional cover soil in Alternative 3 will'
provide greater protection against freeze/thaw damage, erosion,
vegetative root damage, and burrowing animals than Alternative 2,
thereby requiring less maintenance and repair.
The proposed plan presents an estimated range of costs for construction
and annual operation and maintenance. The range of estimated costs
considers whether the cover materials are readily available in the
landfill vicinity. The final construction cost iis expected to fall
within the range of costs provided~
'-'
D.
Utilization of Per.ffianent Solutions and Alternative Treatment
Technoloqies or Resource Recovery Technologies to the Maximum Extent
Practicable
SARA mandates a preference for the selection of permanent rareclies that
campletely or probably produce a ".. .permanent and significant decrease
in the toxicity, rrobility or volume of the hazardous substance,
pollutant or contaminant."
SARA also specifies that the selected remedial action must use
".. .permment solutions and alternative treatment technologies or
resource recovery technologies to the maximum extent practicable." If
the selected remedial action is not appropriate for the pe~nence and
treatment preferences cited above, an explanation of why a raneclial
action not incorporating these features was selected is required.

-------
There is no known location of hazardous waste disposal at the KLUTlTEr
Sanitary Landfill. Therefore, the entire landfill volume,
approxirrately 1.3 million cubic yards, would require excavation and
raroval for the rared.ial technologies indicated below. These
technologies were screened and. eliminated from further developrent and
analysis as being ircq:>ractical for the reasons indicated.
1.
Raroval is cost-prohibitive for this site, and would adversely
affect the air quality and pose a risk to site worker health and
safety.
2.
Treatment (on-site and off-site) methods such as solidification,
biological, and chemical are inappropriate for mixed municipal
refuse. Incineration is cost-prohibitive.
3.
Off-site disposal would not achieve site air quality objectives
during excavation, would increase human exposure during
transportation, and would be cost-prohibitive.
4.
On-site disposal is ircq:>ractical because sufficient area is not
available for simultaneous excavation, waste staging, and RCRA
landfill const.J:uction. It is also cost-prohibitive.
The selected .L~IJ:UY, Alternative 3, represents the IIDSt appropriate
solution for this site. Based upon the infoDnation presented, the
State of Minnesota and the u. S . EPA believe the selected remedy will
protect ground water quality by reducing infiltration arid leachate
production. It provides the best balance aIIDng all nine evaluation
criteria, with the following being the IIDSt ircq:>ortant considerations
for the site:
1.
Initial rejection of 94 percent of precipitation occurring on the
landfill.
2.
Canpliance with state and federal ARARs for. solid waste landfill
closure. . ,
3.
. 1\
Availability '3f equipnent ~d fuaterials.
4.
Cost of construction, operation and maintenance.
5.
Acceptance by the State of Minnesota and the corrmunity.

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...Gi::NCY M5:MBERS
HO\l\'A":J A. ANDERSEN. 104.0.. CHA'R"AN.
pOCHI.nll
F. WAYNE PACKARD. VICII CHA'R"AN.
MINNEAPOLIS
JOHN R. BORC.IERT.
,"OI.DC:" VA'.I.C:'!'
MILTON J. FELLOWS.
WORTHIHGTON
OTEVE J. GAOLER. I-'.E..
aT. P'~UL
MACE V. HARRIS.
CI.OQUc:T
HOMER C. LUICK.
~.NHr;"'''OLJ8
MR6. R. C. (DOROTHY) NELSON.
DUI.UTH
ROBERT C. TUVEBCN.
"I.DE"T I.IEA
ATTACH~1ENT 1.
Grant J. Herritt
JOn" r. g.,gn_I(.,..,. . .E..
1::r.1.C:U11--£ DIRECTOR
POLLUTION CONTROL AGENCY
717 DELAWARE STReET S.E.
(OAK AND DELAWARE STREET8 S.E.)
MINNEAPOLIS 55440
612.376.1320
PERMIT FOR CONSTRUCTION AIID OPERATION OF
SOLID rlASTE DISPOSAL SYSTUI
Kummer Sanitary Landfill
Pursuant to authori7ation by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency,
and in accordance with the provisions of Minnesota Statutes, Chapters
115 and 116, as amended, ar~ Agency regulations SW 1-11, p1an3 are
~pproved and a permit is herebyr,ranted to ~~. Charles K~~er, B~idji
for construction and operation of a solid waste disposal system L~
Section 32, T14,7N, R33W, Northern Township, Be1trami County subject to
the conditions given below.
The s;,,.-::.tem consists of a sanitary landfill within a 1i1nit.cd access arc.:.,
operation equipment and other facilities. The site consists of approY~-
mately 40 acres. The facilities and operatL'g procedures are furthe~
described in a permit application dated December 7, 1970, wit.h plans,
infq~ztional m?terial and additional material received throuGh April 9,
1971, all prepared Ul1de~ the direction of.Mr. Peter J. Meyer, P.~. Cass
Lake. Deve1op;1ent will be in accordance with the u.ltir.Jate land US~ p1a.n
"Ultimate Use: Agricultural" revised April 1, 1971 pr.eparcd under the
direction of Hr. Peter J. Heyer.
General Conditions
1. This permit shall not release the permittee from any liability C~
obligation im~o3ed by ~linncsota Statutes or local ordinances and shall
r,=main in force subject to all conditions and l.iI:1itc.tions now or here-
after im~osed u~,. law. The permit shall be :::ermissiva only and 3h"3.11 not
be construed as csto~ping or limiting any claks against th~ permittee,
its a~ents, cont~~ctors, or assigns, np~ as estopping o~.l~ting any
leBal claims of the St~te against the ~e~~ttee, its agents, con~r~ctors,.
or assigns, for damage to State propert7, or for any violation ~~ L~~
terms of thi~ permit. .
2. No assier~ent of this permit shall he effective until it is execut8d
in ~~iting ~nd signed by the parties the~eto and thereafter filed with
the Agency.
3. No major alterations or additions to the disposal system will be
made without the written consent of the Agency.
3 0 0 1 6 ,'~
~EE~---' ~\~

-------
4. The use of the disposal system shall be in accord with and limited
to the operation and/or disposal of waste materials or substances des-
cribed in the plans and/or permit application and associated ~~erial
on file with the Agency.
.
,
5. This permit is subject without public hearing to modification or
revocation, and may be suspended at any time for failure to comply with
the term~ =tated herein or the provisions of any other applicable reg-
ulations or standards of the Agency or its predecessors, and is issued
with the understanding that it does not estop subsequent establishment
of further requirements for disposal or operation at any time or insertion
of appropriate addition~l clauses herein at the discretion of the Agency
if it is considered necessary in order to prevent or reduce possible
pollution of the environment because of changed or unforeseen circ~stances.
6. The permittee or assigns sh~ll defend, indemnify and hold harmless
the State of ~linne~ota, its officers, agents and employees officially or
personally responsible, against any and all action~, claimes or demands
whatsoever which ~y arise from or on account of the issuance of this
permit, or the construction, maintenance or operation of any facility
hereunder. .
7. The permittee will notify the Agency when construction is completed,
and reports describing the tyPes and quantities of waste di~posaJ. at the
site shall be submitted to the Agency every month, together with other
informaticn of the operation o~ the disposal sy~tem.

8. The di$po~al sy=tem shall be operated at all ~es in accordance
with any applicablo regulations or standardS~~~ MinneAota POllution.
co~~r AgenCy:;w or hereafter adopted. /&~ \l,.., ~~--

~~ 0~Q 1J.,()~'rl1 . / Q . ~ i~V:LGA~'i

Floyd. Fdrsoerg, P.E. t¥ant J. Eerri~t//
Director ~ecutive Secret(:fy and Chief
Division of Solid Waste. Executive Officer
Permit No.
SI'T 31
Dated
April '6. 197L
..i
"
300.1 G \.,

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09,'29/88
82:,27
"IPCA
tIO.Ol)2
032
ATTACHMENT 2
KUMMER LANDFILL, NORTHERN TOWNSHIP, MINNESOTA
SOURCE CONTROL FEASIBILITY' STUDY
RESPONSIVENESS SUMMARY
This' community responsiveness summary has been developed to document community
involvement and concerns during the source control operable unit phase of the
. project, and to respond to public comments received during the public comment
. period. Table 1 in the Record of Decision is a summary of the community rela-
tions activities conducted by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA)
since the Remedial Investigation and Feasibility Study was funded, under a
cooperative agreement with the U.S. Environmental Prot.ection Agency (EPA). EPA
hereby adopts the MPCA responses for the purpose of Section 117 of CERCLA.
A. OVERVIEW
The recommended alternative for a landfill cover at the Kummer site was
announced to the community through an advertisement in the local newspaper and a
news release from the MPCA. These items were also mailed to persons on the'
Kummer site mailing list. The recommended alternat;ve is a landfill cover which
includes a 2 to 25 percent slope, a gas control layer, a barrier layer of either
two feet of clay or a 30-mil high density polyethylene membrane, a drainage
layer, cover so1l and vagetated topsoil.
Few comments were received on the Feasibility Study. Those which were received
did not totally support the MPCA's recommended alternative or the o~her alter-
natives evaluated. The agency's response to those comments ;s contained in a
later section of the responsivness summary.

This responsiveness summary contains the following sections:
. Background on Community Involvement
.
SUl1111ary of Comments Rece; ved and.- Agency Responses
.
Remaining Issues
;.
. ~
B.
BACKGROUND ON COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT
Since the discovery of contaminated private wells in 1984, community interest ;n
the Kummer Landfill site has been high. . To date, however, the interest has pri-
marily centered on the well contamination and installation of the public water
supply system. Township officials and residents have continued to express
interest in ground water contamination and landfill closure issues, however,
because of the PdSt effects on the wells in the area east OT the landfill.

-------
- 2 -
The MPCA conducted the community relations activities for the Superfund project.
In November 1985. residents were provided with information on plans for the pro-
ject through a news release and public meeting. A second public meeting was
held and fact sheet provided in July 1986. following approval of the work plan
.and start of the field work. An updated fact sheet containing information on
the progress of the ground water investigation was mailed to persons on the
Northern Township mailing list in January 1988. The fact sheet also indicated
that the MPCAls consultant ~as going to proceed with the feasibility study while
continuing work on the investigation.
The MPCA announced a 21-day public comment period (September 3 - September 24,
1988) on the alternatives for the landfill cover through an advertisement in the
Bemidji newspaper and a news release. Copies of the advertisement and news
release were also mailed to persons on the mailing list: A public meeting was
held midway in the public comment period, on September 15, and fact sheets were
distributed at the meeting and made available through the township.
C.
SUMMARY OF PUBLIC COMMENTS RECEIVED DURING THE PUBLIC COMMENT PERIOD AND
MPCA RESPONSES
Comments received during the public comment Deriod on the Source Control
FeasibilityStudy and Proposed Plan are summarized beloH:
Comment:
A Northern Township resident commented that the proposed alter-
na.tive is not as protective as alternative 4. and that since .the
cost of the proposed alternative was already high, the added
protection provided by alternative 4 was worth the additional
few million dollars. He also suggested placing blacktop over
the landfill instead, so that it could have a future use as a
parking lot. skating rink, etc. Finally. he suggested that the
community needs to know the actual effectiveness of the cover
alternative and requested the .MPCA to provide information on its
use and effectiveness elsewhere.
MPCA Response:
,
Although the proposed alternative ;s not as effective as alter-
native 4, in conjunction with~the public water supply for the
affected are! and probable future ground water cleanup actions,
it is the most appropriate and cost-effective alternative.
The MPCA had considered using asphalt for the barrier layer in
the cover system. However. further evaluation of this material
found that, as the landfill settles. the asphalt layer would
crack and would require constant maintenance in order to insure
the integrity of the barrier. Relative to long-term use of the
site. future use of the property must allow for maintaining
the integrity of the gas venting system. In addition. the added
weight placed on the site by development such as a parking lot
would cause additional cracks and result in further settling of
the landfill.

-------
- 3 -
The engineering technologies used in the cover system are proven
technologies used elsewhere in the country. The MPCA will pro-
vide examples to the Township Board on where such technologies
are used and how effective they are.
Comment:
A Bemidji resident expressed concern about continued con-
tamination from the wastes already in the landfill and suggested
removal of the wastes.
MPCA Response:
Originally, the MPCA evaluated excavation of the buried wastes.
However, this alternative was eliminated because of possible
high vapor levels and dangers to site workers and residents. from
excavating the site, and the very high cost of excavation and
treatment or disposal -- in the range of $260 million.
o.
REMAINING ISSUES
The MPCA was unable to specify which barrier layer for the cover -- clay or a
high density polyethylene membrane -- would be the final choice. This decision
\1ill be made during the early stages of remedial design, after the MPCA receives
more site-specific information on the availability and cost of both barrier
materials. The MPCA considers either barrier layer material equivalent and
appropriate for the cover as both have been designed to divert water from
entering the fill material and infiltrating through the buried wastes.

At the public meeting, the Northern Town5hip Board Chairman expressed interest
in ~here drainage water from the landfill would be channeled. This, too, will
be an issue determined during remedial design, and the MPCA will keep the
Township informed on all alternatives being considered for channeling the
drainage and will consider Township concerns in developing the design.
The Board Chairman also expressed interest in the potential, future ground water
pumpout system, and asked where the pumpout ~ater would go after treatmerlt.
This issue is not a part of the landfill cover feasibility study. However, the
MPCA will keec the Township Board informed on the additional remedial investiga-
tion and feasibility study for the ground wat~r as these studies' progress.
. - ~

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ATTACHMENT 3
COST SUMMARIES

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ITEI'
KU""ER SANITARY LANDFILL
SOURCE CONTROL FEASIBILITY STUDY
AL TERNATI'JE 1
2~-Aug-aa
CAPITAL COST ESTI~ATE
QUANTITIES
: A"NT UNIT:
UNIT
PRICE
: SUBTOTAL
EXTENDED
SUBTOTAL
: SOURCE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DIRECT CAPITAL COSTS
LAN~ AND SITE CEVELQF~EH1 ceSTS
ACCESS CONTROL. (FENCING)
ACCESS GAiES
ACCESS ROADS.
DI~ERSjaN CHANNELS
"
REIIEDIAL~CTIaH CONSTRUCTION COSTS
"OBILIZATIOHIDEMCBILIZATION
CLEARING AND SRUBBING
GRADE ~ ca"PACT SUBBASE (-)
SOIL FILL
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
CO"PACrrOH
GAS CONTROL
GAS LAYER
SA~D (-)
EXCAVATIDN,HAULA6E AND
COIIPACTICN
PIPE 'Jnm
GAS BARRIER (10 FT DEEP)
TRENCHING
BACKFILL ~ATERIAL
PIPING
SYNTHETIC "E"BRANE
GAS IIONITORS
GEOTEXTILE (FILTER FABRIC)
FLEXIBLE "E~9RANE (30 /IlLS)
LOW PERIIEABILITY "ATERIAL (-)
HAULAGE, PLACE"ENT AND
CO"PACTION
LATERAL DRAINAGE LAYER
SAND (-) .
EtCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
COIIPACTION
LATERAL PIPE DRAINS
GEOTEXTILE (FILTER FABRIC)
CO~ER SOILH
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
CO"PACTION
REVEGETATION
INDIRECT CAPITAL COSTS
QUALITY ASSURANCE (5%)
PER/IITTING, LICENSING AND LEGAL 13%) :
ENGINEERING (10%)
CONTINGENCY (15:)
TOTAL
3000 LF  58.00 . : 524,000 ' : A
 I
o EA  52,000.00. : 50 I : ~
 ,
° LF  $10.00 I 50 I : ~
 I I
I) LF  53.00 I $0 I , ,.
 , I , I.
° LS  525,000.00 I 50 I : A
 I I
I) ACRE I S1 ,000. 00 I 50 I : A.B,C
I I I
o CY  50.30 I 50 I : A,C
 I ,
o CY  5-4.50 I 50 I : ~
 I I
o CY  54.50 I 50 ' : A,B
 I I
o EA  $400. 00 I 50 I : ~,C
 I I
I) CY  53.00 ' 50 I : B,C
 I I
° CY  $13.00 I 50 I : B,C
 I I
o LF  55.00 I 50 I : B,C
 I I
o SF  to.45 I 50 I : B,C
 I I
o EA  5750.00 . 50 I : A,C
 I .
o SF  SO ..1 5 I 50 ,. : D,E
 I ,.,
o SF ,. 50..33 I 50 I : D,E
I I I
     I 
     , 
0 CY  .~. $~OO I 50 I : A,F
 I I
.-     
o CY
o LF
o SF
$12.00 :
S2.50 :
50.15 :
50 :
50 :
50 :
: B,C
: A,C
: D,E
° CY
o ACRE:
S4.50 :
Sl, 000.00 :
SO :
50 :
: A,F
: A,B,C .
524,000 :
.- :
51 :
31 :
lOt. :
157. :
I .
I
$1 ,200 : 6
$720 : 6
S2,400 : G
53,bOO : 6
S31,920 :

-------
ITE~
KU""ER SANITARY LANDFILL
SOURCE CONTROL ~EHSIBILrTY STUDY
ALTERNA T I'JE 1
CAPITAL COST ESTI~ATE
QUANT IT! ES
: AMNT UNIT:
UNIT
PRICE
; SUBTOTAL
:7-~ug-a8
~XTEIjDED
JUBTOT AL .
: SOURCE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DIRECT CAPITAL C:STS
L~ND ~~D SITE ~EVE~OP~ERT COSTS
:CCESS CONTROL (FENCING)
~CCESS 2AiE5
~CCE5S ROADS
J:~ERSION CHANNELS
REME~rAL ACTION CONSTRUCTION COSTS
~OBILIZATIGN/DEMOBILIZATrGN
CLEARING AND SRUBBING
GRACE & CQI!PACT SUBBASE (-)
SOIL FILL
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
COI!PACTICN .
SAS CONTROL
. SAS LAYER
SAND H
EXCAVATION,HAULAGE AND
COI!PACTIGN
PIPE VENTS
GAS BARRIER (10 FT DEEP)
TRENCHING
BACKFILL "ATERIAL
PIPING
SYNTHETIC ~E"BRANE
GAS /lONITORS
GEOiEXTILE (FILTER FABRIC)
FLEXIBLE IIEIIBRANE (30 /IllS)
LO~ PERIIEABILITY IIATERIAL i-I
HAULAGE, PLACEI!ENT AND
CO"PACTICN
LATERAL DRAINAGE LAYER
SAND (-) .
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
COIIPACTION
lATERAL PIPE DRAINS
GEOTEXTILE (FILTER FABRIC)
COVER SOIL 1-)
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
COIIPACTICN
REVEGETATION
INDIRECT CAPITAL COSTS
QUALiTY ASSURANCE (5%)
PERIIITTING, LICENSING AND LEGAL (3%) :
ENGINEERING 110%)
CONTiNGENCY 115%)
TOTAL
3000 LF
,) EA
OLF
o LF
I .
I
o LS
o ACRE:
o CY
o CV
, .
I
511.00 :
53,150.00 :-
$50.00 :
S6.50 :
550,000.00 :
$1,500.00 :
SO.49 :
$7.09 :
o CY  $12.00 I
 I
o EA ' S500.00 '
, ,
o CY  $3.00 I
 ,
OCY  $13.00 '
 I
o LF  $5.00 I
 I
o SF  $0.45 I
 I
o EA  $1 ,000.00 I
 ,
o SF  SO.20 I
 I
o SF  SO.45 I
 I
  - ~ 
0 CY  - 112.00 
$33,000
$0 :ii<"'
.. so :
so :
50 :
SO :
SO :
SO :
SO :
SO :
so :
SO :
SO :
SO :
SO :
SO :
SO ;:
I
I
so :
° CY  $21.00 I $0 I
 I I
° LF  S3.50 I SO .
 I ,
o SF  $0.20 I SO I
 I I
o CY  $10.00 I SO I
 I I
o ACRE I $1,500.00 I 50 I
I I I
  5%:  
  3%:  
  10% :  
  15% :  
. ~. I
: ~
: C
: A
: A,B,C
: A,C
: A
I
. ,
, .
,
. I
I
: A,B
: A,C
: B,C
: B,C
: B,C
: a,c
: A,C
: D,E
: D,E
: A,F
I
"
: BfC
: A,C
: D,E
: A,F
: A,B,C
$33,000 :
Sl,bSO : G
5990 : G
53,300 : G
14,950 : 5
143,890 :

-------
KU""ER SANITARY lANDFIll
SOURCE CONTROL FE~SIBILITY STUDY
AL TERNATIYE 1
25-Aug-8B
ANNUAL OPERATION ~ND ~AINTENANCE COST ESTI~ATE
ITE!1
QUANTITIES
: A"NT UNIT:
UNIT
PRICE
: SUBTOTAL
EXTENDED.
SUBTOTAL
: SOURCE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SITE ~AINTENANCE       
~NNUAL INSPECTION 0 YR  S560.00 I SO I : B,C,H
 I ,
SITE ~OWIN6/REVE6ETATION I) ACRE I S300.00 I SO I : 8,C,H
I I I
ERQSION CONTROL/MAINTENANCE 0 ACRE I $225.00 I SO I : B,C,H
' I ,
GENERAL REPAiRS 0 ACRE I SO.OO I SO I : B,C,H
' I ,
~ETHANE ~ONITORIN6 ° LS  S5,000.00 I SO 1 : ~PI
 ' ,
SUBTOTAL       SO :
CONTINGENCY (15%)     SO ' 
    1 
TOTAL       SO :
~
-
.~
j
(/

-------
IrEII
KUIIIIER SANITARY LANDFILL
SOURCE CONTROL FEASIBILITY STUDY
AL TERNATIVE 2A
30-Aug-88
CAPITAL COST ESTIIIATE
QUANTITiES
: AIINi UNIT:
UNIT
PRICE
: SUBTOTAL
EXTENDED
SUBTOTAL
: SOURCE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DIRECT CAPITAL COSTS
L~ND ~ND SI;E DEVELDP~ENT COSTS
ACCESS CDNTROL (FENCING)
ACCESS SATES
ACCESS ROADS
DIVERSION CHANNELS
REMEDIAL ACTION CONSTRUCTION COSTS
IIOBILIZATION/DEIICBILIZATION
CLEARING AND GRUBBING
GRADE & COIIPACT SUBBASE (6')
SOIL FILL (2% SLOPE)
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
COIIPACTI ON
GAS CONTROL
GAS LAYER
SAND (6')
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
COIIPACTION
PIPE VENTS
SAS BARRIER ( 10 FT DEEP)
TRENCHING
BACKFILL IIATERIAL
PIPING
SYNTHETIC !lEIIBRAHE
GAS !lONITORS
GEOTEXTILE (FILTER FABRIC)
FLEXIBLE !lEIIBRAHE (30 !IlLS)
LOW PER!lEABILITY !lATERIAL (24')
HAULAGE, PLACEIIENT
COIIPACTIOK
lATER~l DRAINAGE lAYER
SAND (-)
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
COIIPACTION
LATERAL PIPE DRAINS
GEOTEXTILE (FILTER FABRIC)
COVER SOIL (12')
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
COIIPACTION
REVEGETATION
INDIRECT CAPITAL ceSTS
QUALITY ASSURANCE (5%)
PERIIITTING, LICENSING AND LEGAL (3%) :
ENGINEERING (10%)
CONTINGENCY (15%)
TOTAL
I
. ,
3000 IF  58.00 ' 524,000 ' : A
 I ,
3 EA  52,000.00 ' $6,000  I .
 I I , ,.,
1000 IF  SIO. 00 I SIO, 000 I : A
 I ,
5700 IF  $3.00 I 517,100 ' : C
 I I
1 LS  $25,000.00 I $25,000 I : A
 I ,
36 ACRE I $1,000.00 I $36,000 I : A,B,C
' , I
29000 C'f  $0.30 ' $8,700 I : A,C
 I I
625000 CY  $4.50 I $2,812,500 I : A
 I I
32500 CY 54.50 I 5146,250 ' : A,8
I I
40 EA $400.00 I $16,000 I : A,C
I I
6500 CY $3.00 I $19 , ~oo I : B,C
I I
6500 CY SI3.00 I $84,500 I : B,C
' ,
7000 LF $5.00 I $35,000 I : B,C
I ,
63800 SF $0.45 I 528,710 I : B,C
I I
15 EA 5750.00 I $11,250 ' : A,C
I I
o SF SO.15 I $0 I : D,E
I ,
o SF 50.33 I $0 I : D,E
' I
    i, 
    . I 
115000 CY 5~.00 ' 5690,000 I : A,F
I ,
      ,;
o CY  $12.00 I $0 I : B,C
 ' I
o LF  $2.50 I $0 I : A,C
 I I
1570000 SF  $0.15 I 5235,500 I : D,E
 I I
      I
      .
     , 
     - , 
58000 CY  $4.50 I 5261,000 I : A,F
 I ,
36 ACRE I SI ,000.00 I $36,000 I : A,B,C .
I I .
      $4,503,010 :
   I   
   I   
  5% :   5225,151 : G
  3% :   $135,090 : G
  10% :   $450,301 : G
  15t.:  I 5675,452 : G
   I
 I     
 I     
      55,989,003 :

-------
ITE~
KU""ER SAHITARY LAHDFILL
SOURCE CONTROL FEASIBILITY STUDY
AL TERNA TI 'v'E 2A
30-Auq-aa
CAPITAL COST ESTIIIATE
QUANTITIES
: ~"NT UNIT:
UNIT
PRICE
: SUBTOTAL
EXiENDED
SUBTOTAL
: SGURCE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DIRECT C~PIT~L CJSTS
LAND AND SITE ~EVELDP"ENT COSTS
~CCE5~ CaHiROL (FENCING)
ACCESS SATES
~CCES5 ~~DS'
DIVERSION CHANNELS
.1
REIIEDIAL ACTION CONSTRUCTIQN COSTS
~OBILIZATION/DE"OBILIZATION
CLEARiNG AND GRUBBING
GRADE' COIIPACT SUBBASE (b8)
SOIL FILL (21 SLOPE)
€XC"V~TION, HAULAGE AND
CGI!PACTION
GAS CONTROL
GAS LAYER
SAND (b")
EXCAVATiON, HAULAGE AND
COIIP~eTION
PIPE VENTS
GAS BARRIER ( 10 FT DEEP)
TRENCHI~G
BACKFILL IIATERIAL
PIPiNG
SYNTHETIC IIEIIBRANE
GAS "ON liORS
GEOTEXTILE (FILTER FABRIC)
FLEXIBLE "EIIBRANE (30 IIILS)
LOW PER~EABILITY IIATERIAL (248)
HAULAGE, PLACEIIENT
COIIPACTIOH
LATERAL DRAINAGE LAYER
SAND (-)
EXCAVATIDN, HAULAGE AND
COIIPACTIOH
LATERAL PIPE DRAIN~
GEOTEXTILE (FILTER FABRIC)
COVER SOIL (128)
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
COIIPACTION
REVE6ETATION
.:;
INDIRECT CAPITAL COSTS
DUALITY ASSURANCE (51)
PEp.~ITTrN6, LICENSING AND LEGAL (37,) :
EN6INEERIN6 (101)
CONTI~SENCY (157.i
TOTAL
3000 LF  $11. 00 I $33,000 ' I .
 I I , ..
3 EA'  $3,150.00 I $9,45tJ I I A
 I I I
1000 LF I $5~.OO I $50,000 I : A
,., I I
5700 LF  $6.50 I $37,050 I I ~
 , I , t.
1 LS  $50,000.00 I $50,000 I : A
 I I
36 ACRE I $1 , 500. 00 I $54,000 I : A,B,C
I I I
29000 CY  $0.49 ' $14,210 I : A,e
 ' I
 ,      
 ,      
b25000 CY  S7 .09 I 54,431,250 ' : A
 I I
I
, .
29000 ey Sl2.00 ' $348,000 ' : A.a
' ,
40 EA $500.00 I $20,000 I : A,C
I ,
b500 CY 53.00 I U 9,500 ' : a,c
I I
6500 CY U3.00 ' $84 I 500 I : B,C
, I
7000 LF $5.00 I 535,000 ' : B,C
I ,
63800 SF $0.45 I $29,710 ' : a,c
I I
15 EA Sl,OOO.OO ' Sl5,000 ' : A,C
I I
o SF $0.20 I $0 ' : D,E
' "
o SF $0.45 ' $0 I : D,E
' I
115000 CY .~ Sl~OO : S1, 390 ,000 I : A,F
I
o CY
o LF
1570000 SF
521.00 :
53.50 :
$0.20 :
50 :
50 :
5314,000 :
: B,C
: A,e
: D,E
58000 CY
36 ACRE:
UO.OO :
U,500.00 :
5580,000 :
554,000 :
: A,F
: A, B ,C '
57,557,670 :
.- I
I
51 :
31 :
10%, :
151 :
S377 ,884 : 6
522b,730 : 6
$155,767 : G
: . 51,133,051 : 6
"
I
SlO,051,701 :

-------
KU""ER SANITARY lANDFILL
SOURCE CONTROL FEASIBILITY STUDY
ALTERNATIVE 21\
30-~uq-88
ANNUAL OPERATION AND ~AINTENANCE COST ESTIMATE
rrE~
QUANTITIES
: A"NT UNIT:'
UNIT
PRICE
: SUBTOTAL
EXTENDED
SUBTOTAL
: SOURCE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SI7E ~AINTENANCE . ~
ANNUAL rNSPECTIO~
SITE "ONIN6/RE~ESETATIOH
EROSION' COnTROL/"AINJEHANCE
SENE,Q4L REPAIRS
"ETHANE "ONITORIN6
1 YR  $560.00. I $560  : B,C,H
 I I
36 ACRE I $100.00 I $7,200 ' : 8,C,H
' I ,
36 ACRE I $225.00 I $9,100 I : B,C,H
I I ,
2500 ACRE I $2.60 I $6,500 I : 8,C,H
I I I
1 LS  $5,000.00 I $5,000 I : 11PI
 . I
      $27,360 :
    $4,104 I 
    I 
      $31,464 :
SUBTOTAL
CONTINGENCY {lS!i
rOTAL
NOTE: THE PRESENT WORTH OF'THE TOTAL OPERATION AND ~AINTENANCE COSTS
OVER 50 YEARS AT 10% INTEREST IS APPROXI"ATELY $315,000.
-i
"
c,

-------
:TEII
KUII"ER SANITARY LANDFILL
SOURCE CONTROL FEASIBILITY STUDY
AL TERNATIVE 2B
30-~ug-Ba
CAPITAL COST ESTIIIATE
QUANTITIES
: A"NT UNIT:
UNIi
PRICE
: SUBTOTAL
EXTENDED
SUBTOTAL
: SOURCE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
~IRECT CAPITAL CaSTS
~AND AND SiTE DEVELD?~ENT COSTS
ACCESS :.ONTROL (FENCING)
ACCESS sm:s
ACCESS ROADS
DIYERSION CHANNELS
.4
RE~EDIAL ACTION CCNSTRUCTION COSTS
~OBILIZATION!DE~OBILIZATION
CLEARING AND GRUBBING
GRADE & COIIPACT SUBBASE (b")
SOIL FILL (2% SLOPE)
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
CO"P ACT! ON
GAS CDNTROL
GAS LAYER
SAND (0')
. EXCAVATION. HAULAGE AND
COI1PACTION
PIPE VENTS
GAS 8ARRIER ( 10 FT DEEP)
TRENCHING
BACKFILL I1ATERIAL
PIPING
SYNTHETIC I1EIIBRANE
GAS r,ONITORS
GEOTEXTIlE (FILTER FABRIC)
FLEXIBLE ~EIISRANE (30 ~ILS)
LON PER~EABILITY IIATERIAL (24")
HAULAGE, PLACEIIENT
COIIPACTION
LATERAL DRAINAGE LAYER
SAND (-)
EICAVATION, HAULAGE AND
CQIIPACTlO"
LATtRAL PIPE JRAINS
6EOTEITILE (FILTER FABRIC)
COVER SOIL (12")
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
COIIPACTION
REVEGETATION
INDIRECT CAPITAL COSTS
aUALITY ASSURANCE (5!)
PERI1ITTING, LICENSING AND LE6AL (31) :
EN6iNEERINS (10%)
CONTINGENCY (lS1)
TOTAL
3000 LF  '8.00 I 524,000  : A
 ' ,
3 EA  '2,000.00 ' '6,000 ' : A
 ' I
1000 LF  51 0.00 1 510,000 ' , ,
 , , I ...
5700 LF  $3.00 ' $17,100 I , ~
 , I , ~
1 LS  '25,000.00 ' '25,000 ' : A
 1 ,
3b ACRE ' $1 ;000.00 I '3b,000 ' : A,B,C
' 1 ,
29000 CY  '0.30 ' '8,700 ' : A,C
 ' ,
b25000 CY  '4.50 " 2,812,500 ' : A
 ' ,
 29000 CY ' H.50 ' $130,500 ' : A,8
 . I I I
 40 EA  '400.00 I $16,000 I : A,C
  I I
 6500 CY  '3.00 ' $19,500 I : B.C
  I ,
 6500 CY  $13.00 I $84,500 ' : B,C
  I I
 7000 LF ' '5.00 I '35,000 ' : B,C
 ., I ,
 63800 SF  '0.45 I $28,710 I : B,C
  ' I
 15 EA  '750.00 ' $11,250 I : A,C
  . ,
 o SF  '0.15 I SO I : D,E
  I t>
 1570000 SF  '0.33 I S518,100 I : D~E
  I I
,      d 
I      
 0 CY  S~.oo I $0 I : A,F
 - ' I
o CY  $12.00 I $0 I : 8.,C
 I I
o LF  '2.50 I .0 ' : A,C
 I ,
o SF  '0.15 I $0 I : D,E
 I I
58000 CY  14.50 I '261,000 I : A,F
 I I
30 ACRE I 51,000.00 I $36,000 ' : A, B,C.
I I I
      54,079,800 :
  51 :   $203,993 : G
  31 :   $122,396 : G
  101 :   1407,986 : 6
 . I 15% :  ' $bll,979 : 6
 I  I
      S5,42b,214 :

-------
Iml
KU""ER SANITARY LANDFILL
SOURCE CONTROL FEASIBILITY STUDY
AL TERNATI'JE 2B
30-Aug-68
CAPITAL COST ESTI~ATE
QUANTITIES
: A"HT UNIT:
UNIT
PRICE
: SUBTOTAL
EXTENDED
SUBTOTAL
: 3GURCE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DIRECT CAPITAL 2CSTS
t~N&,~14D Sm'~IfELDPI!EM "(!!lSTS
AtiESS CGrtiROl CFt1ftCHi&)
A~5S-5ATES
ACGE5S RQACS
DrVE~SlC~ CHANNfLS
RE~EDIAL ACT!G~ CCNST~UCTION caSTS
'DBILIZATIGN/DE~OBILIZATrCN
CLEARING AND GRUBBING
GRADE & CO"PACT SUBBASE (b')
SOIL F:LL r:~ SLOPE)
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
CQ~PACTi eN
GAS CONTROL
SA5 LAVER
SAND W)
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
CO"PACTION
PIPE '}ENTS
GAS BARRIER; 10 Fi ~EEF)
TRENCHING.
BACKFILL ~ATERiAl
PIPINS
SYNTHETIC "E"3RANE
GAS "GNITORS
6EOTEXT1LE (FILTER FABRIC)
FLEXIBLE "E"BRANE (30 "IlS)
LO~ PER"EA8ILITY ~ATERIAl (24')
HAULAGE, PL';CE~ENT
CO"PACTION .
LATERAL DRAINAGE LAYER
SAND (-)
EXCAVATION, HAULA6E AND
CO"PACTION
LATERAL PIPE DRAINS
6EOTEXTILE (FILTER FA8RIC)
COVER SOIL (12')
EXCAVATICN, H~UL~GE ~ND
COI\?~CTION
RE'JE6ET A T I ON
INDIRECT CAPITAL COSTS
QUALITY ASSURANCE (57.)
PER"ITTING, LICENSING AND LE6AL (3%) :
EN6INEERING (10%)
CONTINGENCY (15~)
TOTAL
, .
I
3000 LF  $11.00 ' $3.3,001) ' , A
 I , ,
:HA  SJ,150.00 ' ,9,450 ; , .,
 , , "
1000 -If  J~.OO I $50,000   A
 ' I ,
5700 LF  $6.50 I $37,050 '  C
 I , 
1 ,,.  550,000.00 ' $50,000 ' , A
~.J  "  ,
36 ACRE ' $1,500.00 ' $54,000 ' : A,B,C
' , ,
29000 CV  SO.49 I $14,210 ' , A,C
 ' , I
625000 CY  H.09 ' H,431,2~,0 I : A
 ' ,
29000 CY $12.00 ' 5348,000 I :A,8
I ,
40 EA 5500.00 ' 520,000 ' : A,C
; ,
6500 CY 53.00 ' 519, 500 I : B,C
I ,
6500 CY $13.00 ' $84,500 I : 8,C
I I
7000 LF 55.00 ' $35,000 I : B,C
' I
63800 SF $0.45 I 528,710 ' : 8,C
' I
15 EA $1,000.00 I $15,000 ' : A,C
' I
o SF 50.20 I 50 ' : D,E
I ,
1570000 SF 50.45 I $706,500 . : D,E
I ,
o CY .12.00 I .0 I : A,F
I .
     .-
o CY   '21.00 ' 50 I : B,C
  I .
o lF   53.50 . 50 . : A,C
  I .
o SF  I $0.20 ' 50 I : D,E
- , I ,
58000 CY   $1 0.00 I '580,000 I : A,F
  I I
36 ACRE  I 51,500.00 I 554,000 I : A,B,C
 I I ,
       $6,570,170 :
   51 :   5328,509 : S
   3% :   $197,105 : 6
   10% :   5657,017 : G
   15% :  I 5985,5:6 : G
    I
       58,738,326 :

-------
KU"~ER SANITARY LANDFILL
SOURCE CONTROL FEASIBILITY STUDY
ALTERNATIVE 2B
30-Aug-S8
ANNUAL OPERATION AND ~AINTENANCE COST ESTI~HTE
IiDI
QUANTITIES
: A"NT UNIT:
UNIT
PRICE
: SUBTDTAL
EXTENDED
SUBTOTAL
: :~UR:E
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SITE ~AINTENANCE
ANNUAL !NSPECTION
SITE MOWING/REVEGETATION
c;'OSIDN CDNjRGL;~AINTE~ANCE
GENERAL REPAIRS
1
,.
,;.1"-.
. J.. s-.
, .
: B,C,H
: B,C.H
: 3,C,H
: B.C,H
"ETHANE "ONliORING
1 LS
55,000.00 :
55,000 :
: "PI
SUBTOTAL
CONTINGENCY (15Ii
525,8bO :
53,879 :
TOTAL
529,i39 :
NOTE: THE PRESENT WORTH OF THE TOTAL OPERATION AND "AINTENANCE COSTS
OVER 50 YEARS AT 101 INTEREST 15 APPROXI"ATELY 5300,000.
-
)Ci
<>

-------
ml!
KU~~ER SANITARY LANDFiLL
SOURCE CONTROL FEASIBILITY STUDY
ALTERNATIVE :A
3.)-Aug -98
CAPITAL COST ESTI~ATE
QUANTITIES
MINT UN I T
UNIT
PRICE
SUBTOTAL
:~TENDEJ
: SOURCE
Sw8TOTAL .
I."". .,.--
I.. "'I~..i "'1'1&1
:!T: ~EiE~:P~ENT CGS73
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
j:iECi :~P!~Al :JSij
~~~~JJ CGNT~aL t~E~C~~6)
1\""'':'.:0:: ::"T..':'~
"'L...I._.. .~'.J
A ,.....~.-.. ""."."":"'"
"I.~C:=,J "-U"i/,J
JIVE~SlwN CHANNEL3
1E~E~I~l ~CTrON CCNSj;UCTiJN C8STS
~GBjL!~~TiON/DE~CB:L;ZATiON
CLEAR1N6 ~ND 8RUBB~N6
~RADE ~ CO~PAC~ SUBBASE (6'j
SOIL FiLL (=~ 3LCPE)
~~CA~ATICN, HAULAGE AND
CC/lPACTr :~
s;;: :C~iTRGl
5AS LAYER
SAND T ~
E~CAVATlaN. HAULAGE AND
CO~PHCT! 8N
~I?E :;ENTS
GAS 8ARRrER (10 ~T DEEP)
7:;ENCH;"a
9ACrFrLL ~ArE?:A.L
PIPiNG
3Y~THET!C ~E~BRANE
a~s ~QNITGRS
;~QTEIT;LE (FrLiE~ FA~RIC)
FLElr?LE ~E~BR~NE :30 ~rLS)
LDW ?ER~EA8ILITY ~ATEqIAL (24')
~:ULA6E, Pl~CE~ENj AND
CQI!PACTI ON
~AT~;AL ~RAI~A6E LAYER
SMNii 112')
EXCA~ATIDN~ HAULAGE AND
C~~PAeTI ON
L~T:~Al PI?E DRAINS
GEOTEXTILE (FIL:ER FABRIC)
CC~ER SOIL (13')
EI~~VijirCN, HAULAGE AND
eOI!PACTIGN
REVESET A rr ON
INDiRECT CAPIT~l CCSiS
QUALITY ASSURANCE (5%)
?ER~:T?;~GI LICENSiNG AND
E~6rNEER!N6 (10%)
CCNT:NGENCY (15%;
~ESAL (3%)
TCTAL
3000 LF 58.:jO  524,000 I A
 ,  .,
3 EA 52,000.00  56,000 I  .,
 ,  H
:000 LF $10.00  $10,000 I A
5700 LF 53.00  $17,100 ' ~
 , ..
, LS 525,000.00  525,000   ~
.  I
36 ACRE $1 , 000.00  536,000 I A,B,e
 I
29000 CY $0.30  58,700  I A,C
625000 CY 14.50 I 52,812,500 I A
I  ,
29000 CY 14.50 $130,500  : A,a 
40 EA 5400.00 $16,000  : A,C 
b ~'oo CY 53.00 $19,500  : B,e 
6500 CY 513.00 584,500  : S,C 
7000 LF 55.00 $35,000  : 8,: 
63800 SF 50.45 528,710  : 9,C 
15 EA 5750.00 511,2~,0  : A,e 
1570000 SF 50.15 5235,500  : O,E 
0 SF 50.33 50 I : D,E 
' 
  I 
   I  
   I  
115000 CY j $690,000  : A,F 
.S&.OO  ~
.   
58000 CY $12.00 5696,000 : a,e
10000 LF 52.50 525,000 : A,C
1570000 SF 50.15 5235,500 : D,E
87000 CY 54.50 S391,500 : A,F
36 ACRE Sl, 000.00 536,000 : A,B,C
   55,574,2bO :
 5% :  S278,713 : 6
 3%:  $167,228 : 6
 10% :  5557, ~26 : G
 154. :  S8?6,139 : 5
   57,413,766 :

-------
;~~:1
KUMMER SANITARY LANDFILL
SOURCE CCNTRGL ;EASIBILITY ST0DY
ALTERNATIVE 3A
JUANTITIES
CAPITAL COST EST;~ATE
~ A/'INT
UNIT:
UNIT
PRICE
: SUBTOTAL
:,i~ -~iJg -3a
EnE';~ED
SUBTOTAL
: SGIj;;CE
-----.------------------------------------------------------------.-------------------------------------------------
jIRECT :;PITAL CaSTS
~~:~o A:ID 'S';TE' ~E'jE~J?~!H CCST'j
.~~E5S' CC~ \~w.:.I~t
:.c:::: ;~,~E3' -. . '2..'.
ACC~: ~C-mJ$- . i~.', "
~:~E~S::~ CHAN~ELS
;E~:Dr~L ~CT!CN C~NSjRUCTION COSTS
~OSILIZAT!C~!DE~OBILIZATIQN
CLEARING AND GRU88ING
GRADE ~ COMPACT SUB9ASE (6")
30IL FILL i2Z 3LCPE)
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
CG~?ACTICN
EAS ~QNrROL
GAS LAYER
SAND (0")
EXCAVATIQN~ HAULAGE AND
COMPACTION
?!PE VENTS
GAS BARRIER (10 ~T DEEP)
TRENCHING
B~C~FILL MATERIAL
.I
PIPING
SYNTHETIC ME~BRANE
GAS ~ONITORS .
GEOTEXTILE (FILTER FABRIC)
FLEtr~LE ~E~SRANE (30 "ILS)
LCN PER~EA9ILITY ~ArERiAL (24")
HAUL~GE, PLACE~ENT AND
CD"PACTlDN
LATE~AL DRAINAGE LAYER
5AND (12") ,
EXCAVATIDN, HAULAGE AND
CC~PACTION
LATERAL PIPE DRAINS
GECTEXTILE (FILTER FABRIC)
COVER SOIL (18")
EXCAVATICH, HAULAGE AND
COIIPACTI~/I
REVE6EiATlON
"
INDIRECT CAPITAL COSTS
QUALITY ASSURANCE (5%)
PERIIITTiN6, LICENsrN6 AND LE5AL (3%) :
E~6INEERING (10~)
CONTINGENCY (15%)
TOTAL
,.
I
,.
,
, :
I
,.
1 LS
36 ACRE:
29000 CY
625000 CY
29000 CY
40 EA
6500 ~y
6500 C'(
7000 LF
63800 SF
15 EA
1570000 SF
° SF
1~5000 CY
,
58000 CY
100M L~
1570000 SF
87000 CY
36 ACRE:
56.50 :
550,000.00 :
51,500.00 i
50.49 :
550,000 :
554.000 :
$14,210 :
$7.09 : $4,431,250 :
, ,
, .,
': :.
,
I .
, "
: C
,
. ,
: A
: A,B,C
: A,C
I ,
I "
$12.00 I $348,000 I I A,S
' I ,
;~IOO. 00 I 520,000 ' I A,C
I I I
53.00 I S19, 500 I I B,C
I I I
$13.00 I $84,500 I , B,C
I , ,
$5.00 I 535,000 I I B,C
I I ,
50.45 I $28,710 ' , B,C
I I ,
$1,000.00 I U5, 000 I : A,e
I I
$0;20 I 1314,000 " I D,E
I , I
$0.45 I 50 I I D,E
I I I
 I  .,  
 . ,  "  
'. SlJ.OO I 51, 3Bo ,000 I , A,F
I , I
521.00 : $1,218,000 :
$3.50: $35,000:
$0.20 :. 5314,000 :
$10.00 :
$1,500.00 :
5870,000 :
554,000 :
5% :
31 :
10% :
151 :
: B,C
: A,C
: D,E
: A,F
: A, 9 J C '
59,414,670 :
5470,734 : G
$2B2,440 : S
5941,467 : G
$1,412,201 : G
$12,521,511 :

-------
KUM~ER SANITARY LANDFILL
SOURCE CONTROL FEASIBILITY STUDY
ALTERNATIVE 3A
30-Aug-Sa
ANNUAL OPERATION AND ~AINTENANCE COST ESTI~ATE
ITE~
QUANTITIES
: AMHT UNIT:
UNIT
PRICE
: SUBTOTAL
EXTENDED.
SUBTOTAL
: SOURCE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SITE ~ArNTEN~CE
ANNUAl INSPrt:TI~H' ,
SITE ~O~rN6/REVEGETATION
EROSION CONrROL!MAIHTENANCE
GENERAL REPAiRS
METHANE ~ONITORING
1 YR  S~,aQ I " .s 5bG I : B,C,H
 ' '.
30 ACRE ' 5200.00 I 57,2Q0 I : B,C,H
I I I
30 ACRE " 522~.OO I 58,100 I : B.C,H
I I ,
2500 ACRE ' 53.85 I $9,025 I : B,C,H
I I I
 ,     
 I     
1 LS  55,000.00. : 55,000 I : MPI
 I
      530,485 :
    S4,573 I 
    I 
      535,058 :
SUBTOTAL
CONTINGENCY (15%)
TOTAL
NOTE: THE PRESENT WORTH OF THE TOTAL OPERATION AND KAINTENANCE COSTS
OVER 50 YEARS AT 10% INTEREST IS APPROXIMATELY 5355,000. '
~

-------
0,
r7~!"
KU""ER SANITARY LANDFILL
SOURCE CONTROL FEASIBILITY STUDY
ALTERNATIVE 3B
QUANT IT! ES
: A"NT UNIT:
CAPITAL COST ESTi"ATE
UNIT
PRICE
: SUBTOTAL
30-Aug-S8
n7~NDED
SUBTOTAL
: SOU~CE
~!REC; C;P:TAL C~ST~
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
~~NO ~~D 3~TE ~EIELGFMENj COST3
AC~E;S CONTROL \tENC!NG)
~C:ESS '::A7Ej
ACCE33 RCA~S
GIVERS::N CHANNELS
R~"E~!AL ACTION CONSTRUCTION COSTS
~OBrLiZATiON/GE~OBILiZATION
2LEARINS AND SRUBBING .
":RADE ~ :CMPACT SUBBASE (0')
SOIL FiLL (2! SLOPE)
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
COI!PACT!ON
aAS CONTROL
6AS LAyER
SAND (b')
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
CCI!PACTION
PIPE :JPHS
J
GAS BARRIER (10 FT DEEP)
TRENCHIIjG
BACKFILL ~ATERIAL
PIPIIJG
SYNTHETIC ~EI!SRANE
SAS "ON !TORS
GEOTEXTILE (FILTER FABRIC)
FLEXIBLE ~EI!BRANE (30 "ILS)
LOll PERIIEABILIT'f I!ATERiAL (-)
HAULAGE, PlACE~ENT AND
COI!PACTION .
LATERAL DRAINAgE LAYER
5;'IID (12')
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
CO"PACTION
LATERAL PIPE DRAINS
GECTEXTILE (FILTER FABRIC)
ceVErt SOIL Ila')
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
CO"P ACT! ON
REVEGETATION
IF
INDIRECT CAPITAL COSTS
QUALITY ASSURANCE (5%)
. PER~ITTING, LICENSING AND LEGAL (3%) :
ENgiNEERING (101)
CONTINGENCY (151)
TCTAL
3000 LF
3 EA
:000 LF
57;):) LF
1 lS
3b ACRE:
29000 CY
625000 CY
29000 CY
40 EA
6500 CV
6500 CY
7000 LF
63BOO SF
15 EA
o SF
1570000 SF
o CY
58.00 ;
$2,000.00 ~
UO.OO . ; .
$3.00 :
$25,000.1)0 :
U,.OOO.oo :
$0.30 :
$24,000 :
16,000 :
UO,OOO :
U7,100 :
$25,000 :
136,000 :
58,700 :
54.50 : $2,812,500 :
54.50 :
5400.00 :
13.00 :
$13.00 :
$5.00 :
$0.45 :
$750.00 :
$0.15 :
50.33 :
"= 5~.00 :
$130,500 :
$16,000 :
$19 , 500 :
$84,500 :
$35,000 :
528,710 :
U1,250 :
$0 :.
$518,100 :
50 :
: .~
: A
: ~
, ,.
, L.
, .,
I "
: A,B,C
: A,C
: A
,.
I
: A,B
: A,C
: 3,C
: B,e
: 9,C
: B,C
: A,C
: D,E
: D,E
.1
"
: A,F
59000 CY  U2.00 I $b9b, 000 I : B,C
 I I
10000 LF  $2.50 I $25,000 I : A,C
 I t
1570000 SF  $0.15 I $235,500 I : D,E
 I I
97000 CY  54.50 1 $391,500 I : A,F
 I I
3b ACRE I 51,000.00 t 53b,OOO t : A, B,C .
I I I
      55,166,960 :
   I   
   I   
  51 :   5259,343 : 6
  31 :   $155,006 : G
  10%. :   551b,b8b : G
  151 :  t $775,029 : G.
   1
      5b,871,924 :

-------
!TEll
KUII"ER SANITARY LANDFILL
SOURCE CONTROL FEASIBILITY SiUDY
ALTERNATIVE 3B
30-Aug-38
CAPITAL CaST ESTIMATE
QUANT ITIES
: AIINT UNIT:
UNIT
PRICE
: SUBTOTAL
EXTENDED
SUBTOTAL.
: SDURCE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
D!RECT CAPITAL COSTS
LAND AND SITE DEVELCP~ENT COSTS
ACCESS CGNTROL iFENCrU6)
!'\~(',....."" "A~~!""
11......,:;; c,.,,~\:
ACCESS ROADS
CrVERSICN CHANNELS
RE~ED~rlL ACTION CONSTRUCTION COSTS
"OSILIZATIOHIDEMOBILIZATION
~LEAR!N6 AND 6rtUBBIN6
GRADE ~ CO"PACT SUBBASE (o')
SOIL FILL (2% SLOPE)
EX~AVATION, HAULAGE AND
COIIPACTI ON
6AS :OHTROL
BAS LAYER
SAND (6") .
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
CC"PACTIOH
?IPE VENTS
GAS BARRIER (10 FT DEEP)
T:::ENCHIN6
BACKFILL ~ATERIAL
PIPING.
SYNTHET!C ~E~BRANE
GAS "ONITORS
GEOTEXTILE (FILTER FABRIC)
FLEXIELE MEMBRANE (30 MILS)
l~. PER"EABILITY MATERIAL (-)
H~UL~GE, PLACE~ENT AND
COIIPACTIOH
L~TERAL DRAINAGE LAYER
S~1.ID (12")
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
COI!PACTI ON
L~TERAL PIPE DRAINS
6EGTEXTIlE (F!~TER FABRIC)
ceVER SDIL i18')
EICAVATION, HAUL~6E AND
CGIIPACTI CN
REVE5ETATIOH
INDIRECT CAPITAL COSTS
QUALITY ASSURANCE (5%)
PERlliTTING, LICENSING AND LEGAL (3%)
ENGI~EERrN6 (104/
CCNTINGENCY (157.)
TOTAL
3000 LF  U 1. 00 I 5.33, ;)00 I  ,
 I ,  "
3 EA  53,150.00 I 59, 4~IO I I ,
 I I I "
1000 LF  550.00 I 550,000 I , A
 I I I
5700 LF  5b.50 I 537,050 I I C
 I I I
. ''''  550,000.00 I 550,000 I I A
. \.J  I I ,
3b ACRE ' $1 , 500.00 I 5~,4, 000 I I A,B,C
I I I I
29000 CY  50.49 I $14,210 I I A,C
 ' I I
625000 CY  57.09 I 54,431,250 I : A
 I I
29000 CY  $12.00 I 5348,000 ' : A,S
 I I
40 EA  5500.00 I 520,000 I : A,C
 I I
b500 CY  53.00 I $19, 500 I : B,C
 ' I
6500 CY  $13.00 I 584,500 ' : a,e
 I I
7000 LF  55.00 I 535,000 I : a,c
 I I
63800 SF  50.45 I 528,710 I : B,C
 ' I
15 EA  S1, 000.00 ' $15,000 I : A,C
 I I
o SF  50;20 I 50 ' : D,E
 ' I
1570000 SF  50.45 I H06,500 I : D,E
 I I
     " 
     I 
0 CY  . $11.00 I SO I : A,F
 ' I
..     
      "
58000 CY  521. 00 : $1,218,000 I : B,C
 I
10000 LF  53.50 ' 135,000 I : A,C
 ' I
1570000 SF  50.20 ' 5314,000 ' : D,E
 I ,
87000 CY  $10.00 I 5870,000 ' : A,F
 I I
36 ACRE I S1, 500.00 I 554,000 I : A,B,C
I I ,
      58,427,170 :
  5% :   5421,3~19 : 6
  3% :   5252,815 : 6
  10% :   5842,717 : G
  15"':  I $1,264,076: G
   I
      511 , 208,136 :

-------
c
KU~~ER SANITARY lANDFill
SOURCE CONTROL FEASIBILITY STUDY
Al TERNATIVE . 39
jO-Aug-aa
ANNUAL OPERATION AND ~AINTENANCE COST ESTI~ATE
IrE/!
QUANT ITI ES
: A~NT UNIT:
UNIT
PRICE
: SliBTOTAl
EXTENDED
SUBTOTAL
: ~GURCE
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
SHE I!Ii LNTENANCE. .
A~~U~l INSPECTiON
SITE ~GWrNGiREVEGE:ATION
ERCSi~~ CONTROL/MAiNTENANCE
SENEiiAl REPAIRS
!!ETHANE !!ONITGRiNG
 1 VA  S560.00  $560 0  I  3!C.H
   '  I 
0 36 ACRE I 5200.00 I 57,200 I  I  3,C.:1
I I I .   
,        
I 36 ACRE I .425.00 I 58,100 I  I  B,C,ii
. . , 0  .
 2500 ACRE I 53.25 I 58, 125 I  I a,c,ii
 . I I  I
 1 lS  55,000.00 I 55,000 I  I ItPI
  o I  I
        528,985 I 
         I 
      54,348 I    
      0    
        S33,3~3 I 
         I 
SUBTVTAl
CuNTiN6ENCY (151)
TaT Al
NOTE: THE PRESENT WORTH OF THE TOT~L OPERATION AND ~AINTENANCE COSTS
OVER 50 YEARS AT .101 iNTEREST IS APPROXIMATELY 5335,000.
-
.~
d
(j

-------
liE"
KU~"ER SANITARY LANDFILL
SOURCE CONTROL FEASIBILITY STUDY
AL TERNA II VE 4A
CAPITAL COST ESTI"ATE
QUANT IT! ES
; A~NT UNIT:
UNIT
PRICE
: SUBTOTAL
30-Auq-38
EXTENDED
SUBTOTAL
: SOURCE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DIRECT CAPITAL COSTS
LA~D 4ND S1TE D£VELDP~ENT C:STS
.:tCCESS CGriiROl (FEN<: I NG)
ACCESS SATES
ACCESS ROADS
~!~ERSIOH CHANNELS
,
RE~EDIAL ACTION C8NSTRUCTION COSTS
"CBILIZATION/DE~OBIL!ZAT!ON
CLEARING AND GRUBBING
GRADE & CO~PACT SUBBASE (b')
SOIL FILL (3: SLOPE)
EXCAVATION, MAUL AGE AND
CO~PACTION
GAS SONTROL
GAS LAYER
SAND (6')
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
CO~PACTION
PIPE VENTS
GAS BARRIER (10 FT DEEP)
TRENCHING
BACKFILL "ATERIAL
PIPIHG
SYNTHETIC "E"BRANE
GAS /lONITORS
6EOTEXTILE (FILTER FABRIC)
FLEXIBLE IIE"BRANE (30 "ILS)
LO~ PERIIEABILIiY ~ATERIAl (12")
HAULAGE, PLACE~ENT AND
CO"PACTIOH
LATE~AL DRAIHAGE LAYER
SAND (12"'
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
CO~PACTION
LATERAL PIPE DRAIHS
GEOTEXTILE (FILTER FABRIC'
COVER SOIL (48"'
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
CO~PACTI ON
REVEGETATION
INDIRECT CAPITAL COSTS
QUALITY ASSURANCE (5%)
PER"ITTING, LICENSING HND LEGAL (3%) :
ENGiNEERING (10%)
CONTINGENCY (15%)
TOTAL
3000 LF  $8.00 ' $24,000 I
 I ,
3 EA  $2,000.00 ' S6~OOO I
 I ,
1000 LF  $-11> . 00 ' $10,000 '
 , ,
5700 LF  $3.00 ' $17,100 '
 I ,
     . ,
     I
1 LS  '25,000.00 ' $25,000 '
 , I
36 ACRE ' $1 , 000.00 ' $36,000 I
, I I
29000 CY  $0.30 I '8,700 '
 I ,
925000 CY 
 I
 ,
29000 CY 
40 EA 
6500 CY 
6500 CY 
7000 LF 
03800 SF 
15 EA 
1570000 SF 
1570000 SF 
58000 CY 
'4.50 : $4,162,500 :
I .,
, H
: A
: A
, r
, w
: A
: A,B,C
: A,C
: A
14.50 I S130,500 I : A,S
I I
1400.00 I $16,000 ' : A,C
I ,
$3.00 ' $19,500 I : 9,C
' I
S13.00 ,. '84,500 I : B,C
I I
$5.00 I $35,000 ' : S,C
I ,
$0.45 I $28,710 ' : S,C
' ,
$750.00 ' Sl1,250 I : A,C
I I
$0.15 ' $235,500 ' : D,E
I ,
'0.33 I. '518,100 ' : D,E
I ,
   " 
   , 
s'6 . 00 I S3.48,000 I : A,F
I ,
58000 CY
10000 LF
1570000 SF
$12.00 :
'2.50 :
'0.15 :
'696,000 :
'25,000 :
'235,500 :
230000 CY
36 ACRE:
$4.50 : $1,035,000 :
Sl, 000.00: '36,000:
5% :
3% :
10% :
15% :
u
'"
: S,C
: A,C
: D,E
: A,F
: A,B,C.
S7,743,860 :
'387,193 : G
'232,316 : G
'774,386 : 6
St,161,579 : 6
S10,299,334 :

-------
v
KU""ER SANITARY LANDFILL
SOURCE CONTROL FEASIBILITY STUDY
ALTERNATIVE 4A
30-Aug-S8
CAPITAL COST ESTI~ATE
ITElI
QUANT IT! ES
: A"NT UNIT:
UNIT
PRICE
: SUBTOTAL
EXTENDED
SUBTOTAL
: SOURCE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DIRECT CAPITAL COSTS           
LAND AND SITE DEVELOPMENT COSTS           
ACC£SS CONTROL (FENCING)  3000 LF   511.00 '  533,000 '  : A
   ,  I 
ACCESS GATES  3 EA   53,150.00 I  59,450 '  : A
   '  , 
~CCESS ROADS  1000 LF   550.00 '  550,000 I  : A
   '   
DiVERSION CHANNELS  SiOO LF   56.50   537,050 I  : C
   I  I 
RE~EDIAL ACTION CONSTRUCTION COSTS           
"OBILIZATION/DE~OBILIIATION  1 LS   550,000.00 I  550,000 I : A
   I  '
CLEARING AND GRUBBING  36 ACRE I  $l,500.00 '  554,000 I  : A,B,C
 I  ,  ,
GRADE & CO"PACT SUBBASE (0')  29000 CY   50.49 '  $14,210 ' : A,C
   '  I
SOIL FiLL (3: SLOPE)           
EXCAVATION, HAUL~6E AND           
 CO"PACTION  925000 CY   51 .09 : 16,558,250 I I .
    , I ..
GAS CONTROL           
GAS LAYER         , 
         , . 
 SAND (b')           
 EXCAYATION, HAULAGE AND           
 CC"PACTI ON  29000 CY   $12.00  ' 5348,000  ' : A,B
     '  I
 PIPE VENTS  40 EA   1500.00 ' $20,000  I : A,C
    I  ,
GAS BARRIER (10 FT DEEP)           
 TRENCHING  6500 CY   13.00  I $19 ,500  I ~ a,e
     I  ,
 BACKFILL ftATERIAL  6500 CY   513.00  I 584,500  I : 8,C
     I  I
 PIPING  7000 LF   15.00  ' 535,000  ' : S,C
     I  ,
 SYNTHETIC "E"BRANE  63800 SF   50.45  ' 528,710  I : 8,C
     '  ,
 GAS "CNITORS  15 EA   '1,000.00  ' 515,000 ' : A,C
     I I
GEOTEXTILE (FILTER FABRIC)  1570000 SF   50.20  ' 5314,000  .. : D,E
    I  "
FLEXIBLE "E~BRANE i30 "ILS)  1570000 SF   50.45  ' 5706,500 I : D,E
    ' I
LON FERftEABILITY "ATERIAL (12')          , 
        ;' 
 HAULAGE, PLACE~ENT AND           
 CO/!PACTION  5BOOO CY   .~ 5Q'00  I 1696,000  I : A,F
     '  ,
LATERAL DRAINAGE LAYER           
J SAND i 12')           
v EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND           
CG/!PACTIOII  5BOOO CY   521.00  : Sl ,21B,000  I : B,C
      I
 LATERAL PIPE DRAINS  10000 LF   53.50  I 135,000  ' : A,C
     I  I
6EOTEXTIlE (FILTER FABRIC)  1570000 SF   50.20  I 1314,000  I : D,E
    I  ,
COVER SOIL (48')           
 EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND           
 CD/!FACTION  230000 CY   $10.00  : 52,300,000  I : A,F
      ,
REVEGETATION  36 ACRE  ' $1,500.00  ' 154,000  I : A,B,C.
  I  ,  ,
            $12,994,170 :
INDIRECT CAPITAL ceSTS           
QUALITY ASSURANCE (51)     51 :    5649,709 : G
PER"ITiING, LICENSING AND LEGAL (31) ,    3% :    $389,B25 : G
I      
ENGINEERING (10%)     10: :    $1 , 299 I 417 : G
CONTINGENCY 115%)     15% :   ' $1,9H,126 : G
      ,
TOTAL            $17,292,246 :

-------
KU""ER 3ANITARY LANDFILL
SOURCE CONTROL FEASIBILITY STUDY
ALTERNATIVE 4A
liE"
ANNUAL OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE COST ESTI"ATE
30-Aug-83
QUANTITIES
: A"NT UNIT:
~NIT
PRICE
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
1 YR  $560.00 I $560 I : S,C,n
 ' I
36 ACRE I $200.00 I $7,200 I : B,:,H
I I .
36 ACRE I $225.00 I $8 ~ 100 . : 8.C,H
' I I
 \  
2500 ACRE I $4.80 I $12.000 I : B,C,H
I I I
1 LS  55,000.00 ' $5,000 I : ~PI
 I I
      $32,860 :
    S4,929 I 
    I 
      537,789 :
SITE ~AINTcN~NCE
~NNUAL INSPECTIDN
SITE ~OW:N6iREVEGETAT!GN
~ROS:G~ CQNTRGLj~~;NTENANCE
GE~ERAL REPAIRS
"ETHANE MONITORING
SUBTOTAL
CuNTIN6ENCY (151)
TOT~L
SOTE: THE PRESENT ~CRTH OF THE TOTAL OPERATION AND "AINTENANCE COSTS
OVER 50 YEARS AT 101 INTEREST IS APPROXI"ATElY 5380,000.
~
: SUBTOTAL
EXTENDED
SUBTOTAL
: SOURCE

-------
~
!TEl!
XU~I!ER SANITARY LANDFILL
SOURCE CONTROL rEASIBILITY STUDY
ALTERNATI'JE 48
~O-Aug-8a
CAPITAL COST ESTI~ATE
QUANT !TIES
: AI!NT UNIT:
UNli
PRICE
: SUBTOTAL
EXT£SDED
SUBTOTAL'
: :GURCE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DIRECT CAPITAL COST3
L~ND AND SITr DtvELQ?~EHT COSTS
~S CONTROL (FE?tCINS,)
. ~CtESS GATE)"
ACCESS ROADS
DIVERSION CHANNELS
.!
REI!EDIAL ACTION CONSTRUCTION COSTS
~OBILIZATIONiDE~OBILIZATION
CLEARING AND GRUBBING
GRADE' COMPACT SU8BASE (6')
SOIL FiLL (3Z 3LOPE)
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE ~ND
COI!PACTI ON
GAS CONTROL
GAS LAYER
SAND W)
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE ~ND
COI!PACTION
PIPE 'JENTS
GAS BARRIER {10 FT DEEP)
TRENCHIN6
BACKFILL ~ATERIAL
PIPING
SYNTHETiC I!EMBRANE
GAS !'IONITORS
GEOTEXTILE (FILTER FABRIC)
FLEXIBLE I!EI!BRANE (30 MILS)
LCW PERI!EABILITY I!ATERIAL (24')
HAULAGE, PLACEI!ENT AND
CQIIPACTION
LATERAL DRAINAGE LAYER
SAND (12')
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
COI!PACTIOII
LATERAL PIPE DRAINS
GEOTEXTILE (FILTER FABRIC)
COVER SOIL (48')
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
COI!PACTI ON
REVEGETATION
v
INDIRECT CAPITAL COSTS
DUALITY ASSURANCE (5%i
PERMITTING, LICENS:~c ~ND LEGAL (37.) :
ENGINEERiNG (10~)
CONTiNGENCY (1~%1
TOTAL
3000 LF  $9.00 -..  524,000 I : A
 ,'-- I
! EA  n,ooo.OO J $6.000 I I ~
 I , I
1000 LF  510.00 ' $10,000 ' , A
 I I I
5700 LF  $3.00 I $17,100 ' : C
 ' I
1 LS  $25,000.00 ' $25,000 I  A
 ' , I
36 ~CRE ' $1,000.00 ' $36,000 ' , A,B,C
' J , ,
29000 CY  $0.30 ' 58,700 ' , A,C
 ' I ,
925000 CY  $4.50 ' $4,162,500 ' , .
 , J , "
, I
,
29000 CY  $4.50 ' $130,500 ' : A,B
 I I
40 EA $400.00 I $16,000 J : ~,C
' I
6500 CY  53.00 ' $19,500 I : S,C
 ' ,
6500 CY  $13.00 ' $84,500 I : B,C
 ' ,
7000 LF  55.00 ' 535,000 I : a.c
 ' J
63800 SF  $0.45 I $28,710 ' : S,C
 ' I
15 EA $750.00 ' $11,250 I : A,C
J ,
1570000 SF  $0.15 I 5235,500 ' : D,E
 ' "
1570000 SF  50.33 ' 5518,100 I : D,E
 ' I
115000 CY  S~OO ' S690,000 ' : A,F
~ I ,
58000 tY
10000 LF
1570000 SF
512.00 : 5696,000 :
$2.50 : - 525,000 :
SO.15 : 5235,500 :
: S,C
: A,C
: D,E
230000 CY
36 ACRE:
$4.50 : 51,035,000 :
$1,000.00: $36,000:
: A,F
: A, B ,C .
58,085,860 :
5% :
3% :
10% :
15% :
$404,293 : G
$242,57b : G
5808,586 : 5
: . 51,212,879 : G
I
, .
510,754,194 :

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mil
KUIIIIER SANITARY LANDFILL
SOURCE CONTROL FEASIBILITY STUDY
ALTERNATIVE 48
30-Hl.Ig-88
CAPITAL COST ESTIMATE
QUMHITIES
: All NT UNIT:
UNIT
PRICE
: SUBTOTAL
EXTENDED
SUBTOTAL
: SOURCE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CIRECT CAPITAL COSTS
L~ND ~~D SITE :E';'ELOPIIENT COSTS
ACCESS CONTROL (FENCING)
;,CCESS bATES
ACCESS ROAns
DIVERSION CHANNELS
REIIEDIAl ACTION CONSTRUCTION COSTS
~OFILIZATIONiDEMOBILIZATION
CLEARiNG AND SRUBBIN6
GRACE & COIIPACT SUBBASE (6')
SOIL FILL (31 SLOPE)
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
COIIPACTI ON
GAS CONTROL
bAS LAYER
SAND (0')
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
CCIIPACTION
P!?E VENTS
bAS BARRIER (10 FT DEE?)
TRENCHiNG
BACKFILL IIATERiAL
PIP:NG
SYNTHETIC IIEII8RANE
GAS liON !TORS
SEOTEXTILE (FILTER FABRIC)
FLEXIBLE I~E"8RANE (30 IIILS)
lOW PERIIEABILITY IIATERIAL (24')
HAULAGE, PLACEIIENT AND
CO~PACTIOH
LATER~L DRAINA6E LAYER
5A/iD (12')
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
COIIPACTION
LATERAL PIPE DRAINS
GEOTEXTILE (FILTER FABRIC)
COVER SOIL (4a')
EXCAVATION, HAULAGE AND
COIIPACTIDN
REVEGETATrON
INDIRECT CAPITAL COSTS
DUALITY ASSURAUCE (~%)
PERMliTING, LICENSING AND LEGAL (3~) :
ENGINEERING (10%)
CONTINGENCY (157.)
TOTAL
,
, I
3000 LF  $11.00 I 533,000 I : A
 I I
3 EA  $3,150.00 ' $9,450 I I "
 I I . ..
1000 lF  $50.00 I $50,000 ' : *,
 I I
5700 LF  56.50 I 537,050 t I ,.
 I I I I-
1 LS  550,000.00 ' 550,000 I : A
  I
30 ACRE I $1,500.00 I 554,000 I : A,B,C
I I ,
29000 CY  50.49 1 $14,210 I : A,e
 I I
925000 CY  57.09 I 56,558,250 t : A
 ' .
29000 CY $12.00 I 5348,000 I : A,e
t t
40 EA 5500.00 t 520,000 I : A,C
I I
6500 CY 53.00 ' $1 9,500 I : S,C
I I
0500 CY $13.00 ' 584,500 I : 9,C
I I
7000 LF 55.00 ' 535,000 I : B,C
' I
63800 SF 50.45 ' 528,710 I : a,c
I I
15 EA $1 ,000.00 I $15,000 I : A,C
I ,
1570000 SF 50;20 I 5314,000 ' : D,E
. I
1570000 SF $0.45 I 5706,500 I : D,E
I I
    " 
    I 
115000 CY '. S1~.OO : S1,3~O,OOO t : A,F
,
58000 CY
10000 LF
1570000 SF
521.00 : 51,218,000 :
53.50: 535,000:
50.20 : 5314,000 :
: 9,C
: A,C
: D,E
230000 CY
36 ACRE:
510.00 : 52,300,000 :
51,500.00: 554,000:
: A,F
: A, 8 ,C '
$13,678,170 :
.' I
,
5% :
n:
5683,909 : G
1410,345 : G
Sl,3b7,817 : G
52,051,720 : G
10% :
15% :
I
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$18,111,966 :

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\.
KUMMER SANITARY LANDFILL
SOURCE CONTROL FEASIBILITY STUDY
ALTERNATI'JE 4B
30-:'ug-98
ANNUAL OPERATION AND ~AINTENANCE COST ESTIMATE
ITEM
QUANTITIES
: AMNT UNIT:
UNIT
PRICE
: SUBTOTAL
EXTENDED
SUBTOTAL
: SQURCE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SiTE MAINTENANCE
ANNUAL iNSPECTION
SITE ~OWrN6iREvESETATION
EROSION CCNTRGL;~AIHTENAHCE
GENERAL REPAIRS
METHANE MONITORING
, YR  $560.00 I $560 I  ,  S~C,H 
l  , "    ,
36 ACRE I $200.00 I $7~200 I  I B,e,H 
I I I  , 
36 ACRE I $225.00 I $8,100 I  I S,C,H 
' I I  I 
2500 ACRE I $5.20 I $13,000 I  : B,C,H 
I , ,  
, LS  $5,1)00.00 ' $5,000 I  I ~PI 
1  I I  , 
       53.3,860  I  
       I  
     55,079 I     
     ,     
       $38,939  I  
        I  
SUBTOTAL
CONTINGENCY (15I)
TOTAL
HaTE: THE PRESENT WORTH OF THE TOTAL OPERATION AND ~AIHTENAHCE COSTS
OVER 50 YEARS AT 10% INTEREST IS APPROXIMATELY 5390,000.
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ATTACHMENT 4
5339
Current Minnesota Rules
for Solid Waste Disposal

SOLID WASTE RULES 7035.1800
X. When disposed of at a sanitary landfill. certain dcmolition and.
construction type wastcs may be: disposcd of In a separate arca. as spccificd by
thc dircctor.
Y. The permitlec shall properly complcte thc agency operational report
form and submit.jt monthl,y to the agency. whether or not the permiued landfill
is yel co.~u:u.~r ",'hcth~ or not it is in operation.
. Z. WilMn one month after final terminalion of a site. or a major part
lhereof. the area shall be covered with at least two feet of compacted earth
P1Jterial. graded to a minimum two percent slope to promote surface water
runoff without excessive erosion. .
The finished surface of the filled area shall be covered and maintained with
adequate ...lOp soil and seeded to providc suitable vegetation immc:dlately uron
completion. or immediately in thl: spring on areas terminated during winter
conditions. If necessary. seeded slopes sball be covered with straw or slmtlar
material to prevent erosion.
Prior to completion of a saniL.1ry landfill site. the agency shall be notified in
order that a site investi!;atior. may be conducted by the agency staff before earth
P10ving equipment is removed from the property. .
. Aller completion of a sanitary landfill site. a detailed description. including
a plat. shall be: recorded with the county register of deeds. The description shall
include general types and location of wastes. depth of fill. and other information
of :nterest to future land owners.
If the completed site is to be: cultivated. the integrity of the finished surface
shall not be disturbed by agricultural cultivation activities. If cultivated. a
sufficient depth of cover material to allow cultivation and to support vegclZ.tion
shall be main tainec-.
StarutOl')' Autboriry:
MS s 116.07 subd 4
7035.1800 PE~\HT APPLICATIO~ AND REQUIRED PLANS FOR
LANDFILLS. . . .
Plans. including a p::mit applic.ation. report. and drzwin!;s shall be pr::pared
by ~ r::gistered engin::::r of MinnesoL.'!.. Thr::e complete s::ts of the plans shall be
submitt::o to the agency. Tne sub~itted .plans shall include the- folJo\"'ing:
A. A comple:led permit zpplication fo~.j
B. An cngineering teporl including:- . ...

(1) General informalion:
(2} Site analysis inc.1ucing ::onsideration of each item in put
7035.1600 along with dOlL.'!. a::c suppiem:ntary reportS. includi1'1g soil boring dz.ta
and 2. hydrc;:olog.i: study. Attention to this requirement must inc\uo:
consideratior. of surfac:: features. undert;
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A TT ACHr~ENT 5
Proposed Minnesota Rules for Solid Waste Disposal
Proposed Rules
~
F
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,
limits for individual suhstances under items E, F. and H. The additive carcinugenicity or toxicity mu,( be computed u~ing the apf .1
given in "Guidelines for the Heahh Ri,k A"essment of Chemical Mi\tures:' Feduu/ R('~isler: Volume 51. pa~es 34014-34025,
September 24, 191:16. \\-'here quantifil:ation using this approach is feasibk. the commissioner may require respon,e actiom if (he
sum tota! risk of consuming the water over a lifetime would e'tI:eed eilher 2.5 additional I:uses of \:;lIIl:er in a population uf 1.000,000
persons or lor noncarcinogens. 25 percenl of the al:ceptable cuncentr:UlUn fur long-term consumpllCln.

Subp. 5. Design requirements. The design requiremenb for a mixed municipal solid waste land disposal facility are as follol.l.s:

A. The owner or operator must develop an engineering report for the site. The report must include specificalions for site
preparation. The report shall be submiued ~'ith the final permit application required under purt 700 1.3300. These spe:cifications as
they relate to pha.se developm<:nI of the facilit~ must he established in the engineering report. Site preparations include \:Iearing and
grubbing for disposal areas and building locations. topsoil stripping and sturage. cover'maleria! eXl:avalion. other e~ca\'ations, berm
conslruction. draina!;e control structures, leachate collection and treatment system, ground water moniroring system. gas monitonng
and collel:tJon system. entrance a!1d access roads. screening. fenl:ing, and other special design features.

B. The O'A'ncr or operator must develop the site in phases. Each phase must contain individual cells thai wi!: provide for
filling in a manner to achieve final waste elevations as rapidly as possible. The phases must be designed and conslructed [(I minimize
moisture Infiltration into the fill areas while maintaining slable siupes and appropriate operaling cunditions. The: 01.1. ne:r ur opera lor
must consider seasunal phase~ in order to accommodute the differences bctween wet and dry and warm and culd weather operations.
The owner or operalor mu~[ bring each pha.se 10 the final wastel:ontours, as shown un the ultimate site Je:velopment plan. and close
the phase according to the approved facili!) closure plan.

e. Any new fill area al a land dispo,allacility must he lo(:ated allcast 200 feel from the neJrest propcrt~ line:. unJess orherwise
approved by the cummi~sioner ba~..:d on eXI~ling filling pro\:edures, e:.,isling sile S!ructures. the tacllity dt:~lgn. cumpliance bound-
arie!'. and existing land restrictions.

D. The owner or operalur musl divert SuT1;ll'e water dr.tinage anJund and away from the site uperating area. A drainage C0n1roJ
system, induding change, in thc site ropo~r.Jphy. dil(.'hes. berms. sedimentalion ponds. culverts. energ~ breaks. and ero~ion control
measures. must take intu con~Kkration al kasl Ihe following ti:a(ure,:

( I) lhe expected linal COnlours for lhe silt: and the planncd dramage pattern:

(2) the drainage paltern of Ihe surrounding area and the possihle effects on and hy the re:gional watershed:

(31 the need for temporary structures a, filling pmgn:,~e~ at Ihc sile:

(~) the base of each fill area and the t(lp \)f each !if! graded OIl a minimum two pcrcent slope: .lOd

(5) the arca's ten-year. 24.hour rainfall
E. The owner or operator musl design and lIlainlain slopes and drainageways to prevent erosion. particularl~ of lincr and
final cover materials. Slupes greater than 200 feel long must include diversion drainagewa~, unless the cummissiuner appro\'es a
greater distance based on sedimentalion run-off calculalions. propose:J design ieatures andsedimenlalion cOnlrol de\ il'C~. Where
water runs off top slopes Onl\) steeper sidl' slopes, the owner or operator must evaluate the need fur drainage"'ays arounJ the perimeter
of the top slope and numes or drop strul:tures 10 prc\ent erusion of lhe .:over. Drainageways must includc energy break, and concrete
or rip rap reinfurcement necessary to prevent t"n.'sion.

F. The owner or operator must provide a scdiment scltling pond if nan-off would other".ise carry excessi\'e sedimenl ,)ff [he
facility properl): ~ mmmissioner may n:quire JI1onitorint:0f \'c a minimum rhree perl'ent and a ma.,imum 20 perl'ent slope: unless the: cummis-
sioner approves other contours based on existing site tupograph~'. de:.ign plan" and uperating conditiuns.

H. The facility design must include:

( I ) a cuver sy~tem in accordance with subpart 11:

(2) a liner system in accordance wilh suhpall i:

(3) a leachate collection and treatment system in al:l'urdance wilh subpart 9:
(4) a water monitoring s)'s!em in aCl'ordanl:c with subpart IU: and

(5) a gas moniluring and I:ollel'tiun syslC/11 in aCl:ordanl:l' wilh suhpurl I J
commissioner based on the 10':;1Iiun. wastel:haral:teristics, and sile l'hara\:(crislil"s.
unless del"rmined 10 bl' unni:~'I.'''ar~ hy (he
Suhp. 6. Intermittent, intermediate. and final ('uwr s\"St~m, Thc owner or uperator of a mixed munil:ipal sl,lid \\a~le IanJ
disposal facililY mu,t design and /11aintaln a lw..er ~~,ll'l11 'l'ilpahk of nunimiling infillratiun of pro:l'ipil;i,iIJ" inl,' thl.' fill
PAGE 1926
STATE REGISTER, Monday 7 March 1988 .
(CITE 12 S.R.1926)

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Proposed Rules
preventing ~urface wate:r ponding on fill area~. controlhng ga~ movement. prcventing ero~ioJl of ~urface and ~ide ~Iupe:s. reducing
wind eT0~ion and wind blown liller. minimizing the creation and movement of du~t. retaining slope stability. reducmg effects of
freeze-thaw and other weather conditions. maintaining vegetative growth while minimiling roOt penctration of the: low-permeability
cover layer. and discouraging wctor and burro\\ ing animal intrusion into the: site. A complete coyer system mu~t consist of inter-
mille:nt. inlermedi:lle. and fin.al coyer~ as outlined in item~ A tu E.

A. The owner or operator mu~t place an intermiuent cover upon all expo,ed solid waste in accordance with the approved
operation and maintenance manual for the site. The owner or operator shall submit to the commi~sioner for approval a proposed
cover system that addresses the: frequency and depth of placement and the matenal to be use:d as cover. The frequency of placement
may he no Jess than once per week. The cover depth musl be ~ufficient to cO\'e:r the waste completely and mu~1 he at least six inches
if soil or similar material is used. The l'ommissiont."r. in arrrovint: the proposed c,wer system. must consider the characteristics of
the proposed cover material. the ,'haractcristics nf the solid waste. the kaching pote:nllal of the solid waste. the design and operation
of" the facility. and the potential for nuisance conditions if other than Jai1y .:over is proposed.
. . ,

B. The owner or operator must place intermediate cover on all filled surfaces of the facility where no additional solid waste
will be deposiled within 30 da~ s. Thc interme:diate ccwer must consist of cl'mpal.'ted material of sufficient depth. at least 12 inches
if soil or similar matenal is use:d. 10 cover thc wasle completel~. and gradcd tn prc\'ent surface. water ponding.
C. The owner or orerah.>r of an existing mtxe:u municipal ~oliJ wa~le land disposal facilit)' mUst comply with the final cover
requirements of subitems( 1110 (~) if. within IS months after the efie:cti\e dak of parts 70.35.2525 10 7035.2HI5. waste ~ill no
longer be recei\.cd and the facility \\'ill oe: clos.:d. -

(I) The final cove:r ~yslem must he compatihle with the end us.: for the site.

(2) The final cover sy~lem must be graded to prevent ~urfal.'e water ronding and' mu~t have a minimum slope of [Wo
percent anJ a ma.\lmum ~I\'r.: 00 gr~ater than 25 per.:enl.

(3) The fmal I.'over s~st':l11 mu~t consi~t of a barrier laycr at leOist 2~ int'hes thick of materiab having a permeability not
greater than 2 '( I 0.. centime:fer~ pl:r ~ecom.l overlain by 12 inche:s of material of which at least six inche~ is top~oil capable of
susrainin~ a vegetative cover. A barrier con~isling of synthetic; mat~riilb ill leaq 30: I 000 of an inch thid; ma} be u~ed in place of
.he barrier layer described ahove.
(4) The vegetative cover must consist of ,hallow-rooled perennial gra~s<:s or other suitable ve:getation that will not penetrate
the barrier layer.

D. The owner or operator of a new mixeJ municipal soliJ wa~tc land dispt'~31 facilit~ ,1r an exi~tin? facility or portions
thereof that will close or reach final permitted wastc eh:\ations more than I X months afrer the eft~cti\'e date \)f parts 7035,2525 [0
7035.2815 must comply with the requirements of subitem~ (II to (9).

(I ) Th~ tinal cover system must oc comp:ltiole with the end u~.: for thc site:.

(2) Th~ tinal cover system must be de~igncd and con~truCled to contain or reject at le;Jst 90 pe:rcent of rhe precipitation
falling on the system.

(3) A final cover system comprised of soils or amended. soils mU.~t consist of at kast three layer~: a barrit.:r layer. adrainage
layer. and a. top layer. The barrier layer must be al lea~t 2~ inch~~ thick if it consi~ts of soib or amended soils. The drainage layer
must be at least six inche~ thit.:k. The top layer mu~t be at least 18 inche:s thick. of which atleas\ six inche:s is topsoil. and of sufficient
depth to contain the vegetative roots and have an available water-holding capacity to promote vcgetati\e: growth.

(4) The barrier layer must have a m~ximum permeability_no geater than 2 x 10-<> centimet~rs per second.

(5) A synthetic memorane may be used as the barrier layer. The membrane must be at least 30' 1000 of an inch thick and
meel the physical property standards for the material type de\'elored hy the N;Hional Sanitation Foundation and re:produced in (he:
United States Environmental Protection Agency Manual. "Lining of Waste Impoundment and Disposal Faciliti~s". 5\\'-870. \1Jrch
1983. Office of Research and Development. Cincinnati. Ohio.

(6) The layer of topsoil must be capable of sustaining vegetative cover con~isting of ~hall\)w-rooted perennial gr3sse~ or
other suitable vegetarion that will not penetrate the barrier layer.

(7) In designing the drainage for the final cover system. the owner or operator must consider the need for drainage ditches.
KEY: PROPOSED RULES SECTION - Underlining indicales addltion~ to existing rule language, ~ 9tt+S indicale
deletions from existing rule language. If a proposed rule i~ totally new, it is designated "all new maleri;Ji." ADOPTED
RULES SECTION - Underlining indicates additions to propo~ed' rule language. ~ ett+S indicate deletions from
proposed rule language.
,.
(CITE 12 S.R. 1927)
STATE REGISTER, Monday 7 March 1988
PAGE 1927

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Proposed Rules
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pipes. and collection areas to prevent erosion and e:l:cessive sediment movement off site, The owner or operator must abo co(":~~','
design,and construction techniques needed to maintain the drainage layer in place on the barrier layer.
(8) The barrier layer must he placed upon a buffer material covering the waste to protect the barrier layer from damage,
(9) The owner or operator must grade the final cover system to achieve a minimum three percent and a mibihty stud~ on minimizing leachate generation. controlling leachate movement. and on treating ground water and
surface water pollution: an evaluation of long-term monitoring: and an appropriate adjustment to the financial instruments in place
for the facility. .

The liner installed at a mixed municipal solid waste land disposal facility must comply with the requirements of items ~
The' lined portion of the disposal area must be separated from any existing fill area by low-permeability material to [he t,. ..It
practicable. be designed to collect the additional water movement from the old fill area 10 the new fill area. and prevent movement
of water from the new till area to the old till area.

A. The liner system in combination with the cover system must achieve an overall site efficiency of 98.5 percent collection
or rejection of the precipitation that falls on the disposal area and minimize the amount of leachate leaving the fill site [0 the soil
and ground water system below the site.

B. The liner system must be compatible with the waste and leachate.

C. The liner must maintain its integrity for the operating life of the facility and the postclosure care period.

D. The liner system must consist of at least the following:

(I) a smooth. stable subgrade for placement of the barrier liner by means of the placement of protective materia'i over the
existing subgrade. the removal of abrasive objects. organic matter. and vegetation in the subgrade. and regrading:
. . ,

(2) a barrier liner capable of containing leachate generated at the facility and surface water that has come in contact with
waste: and
(J) a drainage layer above the barrier liner to rapidly convey surface: water and leachate from the fill area. and 10 protect,
the barrier layer from puncture or other disturbances that might disrupt the integrilY of the barrier liner.

E. A natural soil barrier liner must be at least four feet thick. A synthetic membrane must be at least 60/ I 000 of an inch
thick for an unreinforced membrane or 3011000 of an inch thick for a reinforced membrane, A synthetic membrane must meet the
specifications of the National Sanitation Foundation. Standard Number 4. Flexible Membrane Liners. November 1983. Ann Arbor.
Michigan. The synthetic membrane must be placed over a natural soil barrier liner al least tWO feet thick. The drainage layer must
consist of at least 12 inches of suitable soil material or an equivalent synthetic material.

F. The barrier liner must have a permeability no greatcr than 1 x 10' centimeters per second. The drainage layer must have
a permeability of I x 10 1 centimeters per second or grealer throughout.

G. The base of the liner must be graded to a minimum two percent and a maximum len percent slope and the side slopes
must be no steeper than 25 percent.
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PAGE 1928
STATE REGISTER, Monday 7 March 1988
(CITE 12 S.R.1!J,o)

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