United States         Office qf
Environmental Protection    Emergency and
Agency            Remedial Response
EPA/ROD/R05-91/178
September 1991
Superfund
Record of Decision:
Pine Bend Sanitary Landfill,
MN

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50272.101
REPORT DOCUMENTATION 11. REPORTNO.'
PAGE EPA/ROD/R05-91/178
1 ~
3. RecIpient. Acceulon No.
4. TItIa 8IId 8ubfta
SUPERFUND RECORD OF DECISION
Pine Bend Sanitary Landfill, MN
First Remedial Action
7. Aulhor(.)
5. Raport Data
09/30/91
6.
8. Perfonnlng Organization Rapt. No.
8. Pilrfonnlng Orgalnlzatlon Name and Add,...
10. ProjactJTuklWortc Unit No.
11. Contrac1(C) or Grant(G) No.
(C)
(G)
1~ ~ OrganIzatIon Name and Adchu
U.S. Environmental Protection
401 M Street, S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20460
13. Type of Raport & PerIod Covered
Agency
800/000
14.
15. Supplam8nt8ry No...
16. Abalr8ct (LImI1: 200 _rda)
The Pine Bend Sanitary Landfill site is located 1 mile east of the Mississippi River
in Inver Grove Heights, Dakota County, Minnesota. Land use in the area is
residential and industrial. The terrain is generally flat and contains an immature
drainage system resulting in onsite numerous ponds and wetlands. The site is
composed of two landfills: the 255-acre active Pine Bend Sanitary Landfill (PBSL) and
the inactive 52-acre Crosby American Demolition Landfill (CADL). PBSL began
operation in 1971 as a mixed municipal solid waste facility. CADL accepted
compressed bales of municipal solid wastes from 1971 to 1974, and later, from 1976 to
1989 also accepted demolition wastes. Hydrogeologic data from the site show that the
two landfills are considered one site because their ground water plumes commingle
within a common surficial aquifer. The resulting plume moves through the surficial
aquifer and is believed to eventually discharge to the Mississippi River via springs
in the river bottom. In 1983, elevated levels of VOCs were detected in the surficial
ground water beneath the site, and low levels of VOCs were identified in numerous
downgradient commercial and residential wells. This contamination is believed to be
the result of precipitation infiltrating through the permeable landfill material and
(See Attached Page)
17. DocI.ment Analyal. L Dnc:rIptora
Record of Decision - Pine Bend Sanitary Landfill, MN
First Remedial Action
Contaminated Medium: gw
Key Contaminants: VOCs (benzene, PCE, TCE, toluene)
b. IdentifteralOpen-Ended Tenna
Co COSATI Fl8ldlQrlq)
18. Avall8bllty StaI8m8nt
18. Sea8ity a... (lbi. Report)
None

20. SecurIty a... (lbia Page)
lIJ"n~
21. No. of P.ge.
28
n PrIce
S88A~Z38.18
$Be lnatrucli- on Re-
,'''
(FOI'III8Ity NTlS-35)
Depa~tofCo~ce

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EPA/ROD/R05-91/178
Pine Bend Sanitary Landfill, MN
First Remedial Action
Abstract (Continued)
coming in contact with buried waste. Since 1986, at the request of the State, CADL has
provided bottled water to residences with contaminated wells to minimize the risk of
vOC-contamination migrating from the PBSL/CADL site. This Record of Decision (ROD)
addresses ground water contamination as the first of three Operable Units (OUs). Future
RODs will address source control and final remediation of ground water. The primary
contaminants of concern affecting the site are VOCs including benzene, PCE, TCE, and
toluene.
The selected remedial action for this site includes providing a permanent alternative
water supply by extending the existing Inver Grove Heights municipal water supply;
connecting impacted or potentially impacted premises to the municipal water supply; and
permanently sealing the potentially affected onsite private water supply wells. The
estimated present worth cost for this remedial action is $2,649,499, which includes an
annual O&M cost of $30,350 for 30 years.
PERFORMANCE STANDARDS OR GOALS:
Not applicable.

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DEClARATION FOR THE RECORD OF DECISION .
PINE BEND SANITARY 'LANDFILL/CROSBY AMERICAN DEMJLITION LANDFILL SUPERFUND SITE
'. OPERABLE UNIT 1: PERMANEN!' ALTERNATE DRINKING WATER SUP~Y .
'. Site Name and I£Ication:

Pine Bend. Sanitary L6nd£illiCrosby ~ic~ DaTclition Landfill '~uperfund Site'
City of Inver Grove Heights; Dakota County, Milmesota '.' .
Statement .of Basis and PurPose: ..
. ' .
. This decision cioc::unent presents the selected .early final remedial action for
the Pine Bend Sanitary landfill/Crosby An'erican Da'rolition landfill Superfund
Site. (the . Site) , city of Inver Grove Heights, Milmesota, which was chosen in
accordance with the Minnesota Envirornnental Response and Liabilit;y Act of 1983
and the.O::tober 23, 1990, Response Order by Consent for the Site. The
selection and the remedial action takes into account' and is nbt inconsistent .
. with the Canprehensive Enviromental Response, Carpensation and Liability .Act of
. 1980, as amended by the Superfund Amendment and Reauthorizati~n Act of 1986, and
the Natic;mal Con~ingencyPlan. ',~ :; ; '.,
. . .

This decision is based upon the reports and infoD'llation which: coz),stltute the
administrative record for the Site. The attached index identifies the items
that canprise the administrative record upon which the selection ;0£ this
remedial action is based. . s' '. "
~
Assessnent.of the Site:
"
, .'.
,'0. .":
. .

.Actual or threatened releases of hazardous substances !ran this site, if not
addressed by implementing the response action in this Record of Decision, may
presez:t~ imninent ..and substantial endangeIJnent to public heal~ ~d welfare.

Description of the Selected'Raredy:

T1i.is operab;I.e ~t is"the first of three operable units for the Site. It
. involves the installation of a pennanent alternate water. supply.. The second '
operable unit involves source control for the Site. The third operable unit
. will address .the contamination that is present in the ground water.'., The ..,:., ."'"" ,.':.:" ,.'J_," .,,--,
ccrnbination of these three discrete actions are expected to address the releases
and threatened releases at the Site. This Record. of Decisionwlll identify the.,.:.:-.~:,",,,,,.,
. selected .L~ledy for .the first operable unit only. The second and third operable:: <.; . :',.~,-"".
units will each be addressed in their respective Record of Decisions at a later.

date.. ' . . .. . " .,: "'.'-": ."
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'The selected' .c~ledy for the first operable unit consists' 6f the following
ccmponents: .. ,- .'",
. . .
. . '
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The' extension of the' eXisting city of InVer' Grove Heights niwiiciPaJ, water ~..:~;~:;~~-:'tO r"
. supply . '. . .,.., '.~:. '.',.,

- The connection of' impacted or potentially impacted premises to the municipal. ~'.
water supply' . . .'
The pennanent seaiing of the private water supply wells which presently.
serve the premises that will be connected to the Jm.1!1icipal water supply.
-' . ,

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. Statutory Det~tions: '

'The selected Leuooy is protective of public health and welfare, canplies with
Federal and State, requireID:mts that are legally applicable, or relevant and .
appropriate to the scope of this early final ranedial action, Bnd is
'cost-effective. The statutory preference for pennanent treatment solutions ,
that reduce toxicity, nobility, or volume is not applicable to this particular
, :roo, but will be addressed as appropriate in subsequent ,decision documents for"
the ~ite. The J:aTeCly ~ not prot~ive of the envirorunent but ~ither is it
detrimental., Because this is an early action ROD, review of the Site and of
this rauedy will be ongoing as other final ranedial alternatives are developed
for the Site.
Fe4eml Concw::renc:e:
, ,
The United States Envirorunental Protection Agency believes that .Alternative 2 -
extension of the existing city of Inver Grove Heights municipal water supply'-
presents ,the best balance am::>ngthe nine evaluation criteria.
"I 3(i'~ I

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. RECORD OF DECISION SUMMARY .
PINE BEND SANITARY IANDFILL/CROSBY AMERICAN DEMJLITION lANDFILL SUPERFUND SITE
. OPERABLE UNIT 1: PERMANENr ALTERNATE DRINKING WATER SUPPLY
I.
SITE NAME, I.O:ATION .AND DESCRIPTION .
The. Pine. Bend Sanita;Y landfill/Crosby .American Darolitionlandfill (PBsL/CADL)
.site is located in northeast Da.)rota COW'lty, on the peripheJ:y of the .
Minneapolis/St. Paul netropolitan area, in Sections 27, 28 and 33, Township 27. ,
~rth, ~ge 22 West, city of Inver Grove Heights, Minnesota (Attachment .'1).
PBSL encatq?B.sses approximately 255 acres arid is an open operating mixed
municipal solid waste facility. CADL encanpasses approximately 52 aCI:eS and
ceased accepting waste in 1989 and is inactive.CADL is. located ..imnediately
north of the. PBSL . (Attachment 2). The PBSL and CADL were operated as separate
. facilities under separate ownership. CADL and PBSL aI:e connected. ..
.hyd:rogeologically in the surficial aquifer, with CADL being imnediately down and
sidegradient of PBSL, and PBSL being side gradient of CADL.
..
. .
The PBSL/CAP site is inciuded on the Minnesota PeDnanent List' of. Priorities with .
a Hazard Ranking. System ScOI:e of 52. . PBSL, only, is included: on . the National .
Priority List (~) with a Hazard Ranking SystemScore of 52.~ The Minnesota
Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) has always considered the twO landfills as one
site because hydrogeologic data dem:>nstrates that the ground water contamination
plumes emanating .fran each landfill carmingle on and east of their. camon
border. . The MPCA considers the Responsible Persons for both landfills jointly
and severally liable for the carmingled ground water contaminatiOn
hydrogeologically down and sidegradient of the pBsL/CADL si~.. .:' ..
~
-.. ~:
The PBSL/CADL site (the Site) is bordered on the south by industrial areas, to
the east by residentiCil and industrial areas, to the north bY I:esidential
aI:eas, and to the west by pastUI:e and residential areas. 'The' terrain is
generally flat to gently rolling and possesses an irmatUI:e natural surface
drainage system I:esul ting in nurrerous ponds and wetlands. The Mississippi
River is located approximately one mile to the east of the Site. . .

The geology of the aI:ea in the vicinity of the Site consists of a thick.
sequence of glacial' drift. oVerlying appro~tely 700 feet of cambrian bedrock.
The bedrock .is generally flat lying ,but. has been deeply eroci!3d in sane areas
and subsequently filled with glacial drift.. The axis of a pronounced buried
bedrOck valleytIends west-northwest to east-southeast near the northeastern'..
. comer of the Site. The valley is nearly two miles wide and 450 ~eet or nore
deep in places, although there is no surfac~ indication of its presence. The..
gradient flow of surficial ground. water, supported by extensive hydrogeological
'data, is found to be east-northE?a5t running fran south of PBSL, through PBSL,
continuing in a northeasterly diI:ection through CADL, then east along the
. buried bedrock valley to the Mississippi River (Attachment .3).; The ground.
water contamination plurre emanating fran the Site is m:wing through the .
surficial aquifer in this area and it is believed that it will eventually.
discharge to the Mississippi River via springs in the river bottan.
..
II ~ 'SITE HISIORY AND ENFORCEMENl' ACTIVITIES

The PBSL was first issued a pennit (SW-45) to operate by the MPCA on .
September 7, 1971. Since t)len, it has operated as a sanitary landfill accepting
.' mixed municipal solid waste (nmsw) and nonhazardous industrial waste.

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, The CADL was, first issued a pennit (SW";16) to operate by the MPCA on
september 17" 1970. Fran January 1971 through JW1e 1974, CADL accepted
, ,carpressectba1es of nmsw. ,In 1976, CADL began operating as a dem::>lition ,waste
landfill, accepting only waste associated with dem::>lished structures.
,Approximately 35 percent by volUIie of the '40 acres .for the CADL contains baled
nmsw. '
Volatile organic, canpounds (VOCs) \ro1ere' first detected, in the surficial grourid ,
water beneath the Site in 1983. Since that tine, 31 different VOCs '
(AttaChment 4) have been fow1d within the ground water nonitoring network'
(AttachmEmt 5). Downgradient private water supply \Ells consist of two.types,
\Ells screened in the surficial aquifer (17 \Ells), and \Ells ,screened in, the'
. deep bedrock aquifers (4 \Ells). The bedrock \Ells serve the CENEX facility,
Pabst Meat Supp~y Canpany, the Union Camide ,facility, and the NSP facility, '
, (NSP-D). . . .
, Available infonnation indicates that a majority, of the downgradient we-lls are
screened 'in the surficial aquifer which ranges fran 100 to 300 feet in depth.
,Analysis of ground water sanples fran nineteen downgradient private, \Ells have.
shown detectable concentrations of VOCs in eight of the \Ells at the, present'
tine. The Minnesota Depart:nent of Health (MDH) has reccmnended'that two private
\Ells (Cardin and A. Sachwitz) should not be used as a potable water supply.
Eleven private \Ell owners are presently using bottled water paid, for by the
PBSL. The MDH is~ued a \Ell drilling advisory in 1985 'for an area east and \8t'eSt
of the PBSL which reccmnends that no, new \Ells be constructed in the area '
(Attadment 6). The MPCA has requested the MDH to consider m:xiifYing the \Ell
drilling advisory area (Attachment 7) to reflect, given nore infonnation, the
,area inpacted or fOtentia1ly inpacted by the contamination plume.
EnforcE!m3nt ,History: ,
- . -.
Pine Bend Landfill, Inc. (PBLI), a wholly-owned subsidicu:y of Browning Ferris
Industries, is the owner and peDnittee of the PBSL., Crosby American, .
Properties, Inc, :,(CAPI), a wholly-owned subsidiary of .Arrdura CoqJOration, is
the owner ~:perinittee of the CADL site. ',,' ,
..,
. ,

. '; In April~' 198?, Under' the -Miririesota Emrironrnental' Response and Liability' Act:
. (MERIA), Pine::Bend Iimdfill, Inc. ,entered into a Response Order by Consent. , ,',':::' ",
! (Consent ordei:) with the MPCA to carry out a RanedialIrnrestigation (RI), , - ""~ --". - ...
; Feasibility Studj ,(FS) anq ResfOnse Action (RA)~' The Consent' Order was amended'. ". -..' ,-,:
, on OCtober 23, 1990. Pursuant to that Consent Order, PBLI ~, am::>ng other' '" '
'; things; condutteq an RI (1986), conducted additional RI, activities (1987), .-_.
; conducted a pUmp :'test (1989-90), su1:.mitted a Preliminary Alternatives RefOrt
; (1989), undeItaken' an interim' ground water nonitoring program' (1985-90) and . ,
; su1:.mitted an t-m:A approved final RI report in August, 1991. PBLI has also taken
I,' or will. ,undertake varioUS ,environrnen~ ,iroprovatents at PBSL as.requiJ:ed by':'~;':::;,'-': ~.<. '::_'~:,
i ,'its MPCA oPeratiIlg peDnit including: ,placanent of final coverbn portions of.;,~~,..,~-:- ~".,-"
: the landfill tha~ are filled to final elevation, installation of a canbustib1e -- - ':- .'
: gas collection sYstan, installation of 'a clay liner and leachate collection,
; syst~ in an~~ion area, and the installation of a surface draiJ:lage, control' ,
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system. In addition, PaLI has provided bottled water fran appro~tely 1986
until the present to a number ,of. nearby residents due to actual or potential:
dr~g water con~tion. , .

In APril, ,1985, under MERIA, CAPI and the MPCA entered into a, COnsent Order to
can:y out RI, FS ~d RA activities. The Consent Order was emended on.. ., .
Novanber 25,. 1986. Pursuant to the Consent Order, CAPI has su1:mitted a draft
RIfFS report, has' expanded its original. ground water Ironitoririg networ)t, and has,.
su1:mitted 'a revised ground water sanpling .plan. On APril 12,:,1990, CAPI'-s '
parent canPanY, Anrlura Corporation, filed for protection under Chapter 11 of the.
; Bankruptcy Code. Due to the bankruptcy proceedings, CAPI claimed it could not'
can:y out the teIJT1S of its Consent Order and suspended all activities at the
CADI. site. ' ' . , . " " '
..
On August 28, 3:.990, the MPCA issued to CAPI a DeteDnination That Actions Will
Not Be' Taken In the Manner and Tine Requested to CAPI for failing to can:y out
'the tenns of its 1985 Consent Order. The MPCA is presently eXpending state
,'superf~ Ironies ,at the s,ite to can:y out work n<:>t being ~f~xmed ~ CAP!.
, ,

A Potential.'Resp:,nsible PartY (PRP) investigation is being cohdutted by the
MPCA for the CADL. Claims, have been made for costs incurred ~t ~ CADI. portion,
of the .site by the state of Minnesota in the bankruptcy proc~gs of Anrlura ~
Corporatk>n. BrcMning Ferris Industries has guaranteeq the perfonnance of PBLI ;
under i~ Response Order by Consent .:~ ' :: ' , .
! ~ . .
, " III. 'HIGHLIGHTS OF COMMUNITY PARrICIPATION
,
.,
The Superfund activities at the Site have been followed closely by the local
ccmnunity and press. To date, there have been public meeting~, fact sheets, '
update letters and press releases regarding the activities at'the Site., There
is an active mailing list of local citizens interested in the activities at the
Site. A chronology of past ccmnunity relations activities at the Site is ,
listed in the Re~ponsiveness Surnnary (AttachITent 8).. ..

A public infonnation reposito:ry has been established, in, the, Wescott Branch - - "
Librcn:y, of the Dakota County Librcn:y System, in the neighboring city of Eagan, ,
Minnesota. This is the closest publiclibraxy to the Site.'-'The Administra~ive "-:"'::c":'
Record for the Site is located at the main office of' the 'Ml?CAiri St. Paul/::- ~ '..~~ \:. :::.:.-:::,~:::
Minnesota. . . .
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Notice of availability for the Proposed Plan for this operable unit was' .', ' ..
published' in the Sun Current (Inver Grove Heights Edition) Newspaper in the
.fom of a display ad on May 1, 1991. ,This ad initiated a30 day public carment
period. The public cament' period is, ,consil;i~en~,.~1::h,~,_,,~ti~n, 117....(a) ."""',,,~,~,~,,:,,::,:'
, Notice of the public, n-eeting held on May 15, 1991,,'was _included. ,- Additio~ly'--'-.;';,:;'" . .:-
a news release providing notification of the proposed rareciY and public n-eeting ",,~': .'
was sent to interested parties and the press. ' " :",.. . -

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A 'public .neeting was held on May 15, 1991, wh~ the MPCA' presented the .
alternatives to a group of interested citizens. The Responsiveness Smrmary
(Attachrrent 8) addresses speCific ccmnents .raised at the May 15th public.
.meeting and during the public ccmnent period. The public ccmnent perioq
officially ended May 30, 1991. No forinal request 'for an extension of the
public ccmnent period was received by the MPCA. However, due to the low
tumout by the residents residing .in.the iIrpacted or potentially impacted area; ,
a qu.estionnaire was sent to those people, and, therefore, the carment period was
info~ly extended. . .

IV. . SCOPE AND ROLE OF OPERABLE UNIT
. .
The activities at the Site have been divided into three operable units (0Us) as
follCHi:
au 1:
au 2:
au 3:
Pennanent Alternate Water Supply
Source COntrol
Ground Water Contamination
. .
00 1, which is addressed i.i1 this ROD, will provide for the extension of the
existing city of Inver Grove Heights municipal water supply into the impacted
area east of the Site in order to eliminate exposure pathways as discussed
below in section VI. .

00 2, will address source control that will prevent or mi.nbnize the
contamination contained in the buried waste fran migrating into the ground
.water beneath. the site. This au is currently in the feasibility study phase
which is expected to be CC!1pleted by Decanber, 1991.' '
.'.
. 00 3, will address the contamination that has DDVed into the ground water and .: . ; . .
is tiavel!ng off . the Site. The objective will be to prevent contamination f~
migrating. further and restore ground water quality in the plume area. This 00
is currently in the feasibility study phase which is expected to be caripleted by
Dec;!31\ber, 1~9~. ~ . '::. 'j":,.,.: :"~".:'..~"" . .....'"
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.
,
The canbination of these three discrete actions is' intended to address the '
releases arid threatenect releasesatanct £ran'the Site'.- - " .' ,.. ".'. ., .'. . ....,:.-.,."
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; The prima.1:Y objective of OU 1 is to eliminate possible human exposure t;O..~"...,:~~:..;::-:;:~.::;,.-:.:.:; ':,:.
: contaminants fran the Site, primarily VOCs;by interrupting the Current exposW:e',". .
, pathway that ~er~ves fran ~e of ccmnercial and residential water supply wells: '. ," ,,:..; . ,~, c .
downgradient of the Site. ' ".- . ',' .'.' '.. -,' .,,,, '."~'...."
. r
V.' . SITE ~ZATION.
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j ~ problan o~ primaJ:y concem is the VOC contamination in 'ground water 'due 'to '-':""':~:~:"':"
:. leachate migr~tirig £ran the Site .:. The Site is the only known: 'sou.rce' of, the ..:-" ;"..' ','<.' ...:~;. .
: contarn.inat~o~::of.iground water in the impacted area 'east 'of the Site~ '..',;--::':.:.- .,-: ". . :i""."

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'.
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-...-,-...'.-- .
-~. "-~'... ..-' -,:: _.&-_._--............~..........._-~:........._..~~~-~......-....-.,
'. .
-5-
. .'
Ground water was the only nedium found'to be contaminated off-Site ~t could be .
attributable to the Site. With the exception of benzene and the chlorinated..
fluorarethanes, all of these substances identified may be related tc? the . . .
.transfonnation of certaincha'nicals to vinyl chloride through ooth chanical and
biological'processes. These substances'are found "at locations ooth outside and
within ~ boundaries of the Site. The ground water ~ntaminationis nDst' .
likely the 'result of precipitation infiltrating though the pemeableolandfill
. cover material and canirig in contact. with the buried Waste. SpeCific c:a1'Ip6unds
.may also result £ran the d,egradation of waste products. The catp)undS of
concern c~ be classified as to carcinogenicity (the likelihood that they may .
! cause cancer in 'humans) . A "Group A canpound" means .that sufficient infonnation
exists to classify it as a human carcinogeri. "Group B canpounds" are classified "
as probable hmnan carcinogens because sufficient epidemiolOgical' evidence does
not exist, but there is sufficient evidence £ran animal studies to support the
classification of "probable" human c~inogen. "Group D canpoundsn are not
classifiable af!i to human carcinogenicity. The classes of the canpounds of
concern are as follows: .', ::
 '.    "   
 ORAL  . INHAIATION   
      : : : 
Chemical  Group GrouP: ..  
Benzene  A. A '.'   
 ..   
1,1.Dichloroethane C C :. ~:.  
1,1 DichJ.oroethylene C C  ;..  
1,.2 Dichloropropane B B  ;  
~ ..  
Methylene Chloride B B ."  
" '.  
Tetrachloroethylene, B B  .'. : 
Trichloroethylene B B .: " ., '.'
 ;.  ..
v' 1 Chloride A A  .'  
. my   
         ..
All other VOC contaminants that have been found in on and off Site wells are
. classified as Group D' catpJundS . .' .
. I . .
. .. .. .-''''1" "':".'!-- ..... :.. ..0'_"" ..'.".-'-." - '.'-.~..,;..;".' '_:.:J...,,:,,,,~...
. . VI ~ SUMMARY OF SITE RISKS
. " .
. . ", .':.':.'~'~'-"" ~ :"":",--=:"'" ""-"~:~~~.>:'~":':":.;".;~':'::'~~~':'~~:'~;{-"" .
. . ,.' .. .' .'
'The foI:ma.1 human health and ecological risk assessnents" fortl1e Site have not:';~';;;'}\7'>;~:';''-''"
'been canpleted as of the writing of this ROD. The MDH published a preliminary. .' .
health assesSment for the PBSL in June, 1989. The assessment is' based on.,:.~::.: .:.<.;: ::'.:'::.'
ground water qUality data produced between Februaq, 1986 through July, . 1987. .'
The. final. heal~ assessment is being drafted by the M:>H at ~e pres~t'~ine..-,..~ "'::".

'. . .' ," . \. '. . . .
. .-' .. :..',' 'Sampling and' analysis of ground water fran m:mitoring wells and.downgradient.:.<~";.. ..' ...
. . residential and camercial wells has occurred s~ 198~ arid .~ntinuesJ;oday:..t:~:C-:~'~:-"':,~
The nonitoring well, residential and ccmneICial ground water nDnitor.ii1g network-""".~~ ."
has expanded during this period of tine to the east and northeast of the Site. .' .'.' .'
to track the Jrigrating contamination plume. The plume is noving .in an east' ..;.
northeasterly direction tCMa.rds the Mississippi' River, approximately one mile ..
to the east. On-Site noni toring wells show levels of VOCs in excess of the

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. -. ~-:."._.--.._"-_..~. .
", -""~' ..- ., ..-,- ,..." """"''''''----_..'''':''''--#-' ...._.~..,,~..-....~...........-~~~~---~.-.~.
,
-6-
ReccmrendecfAllowable Limits (RALs) and the Maximum ContaminantIevels (M:Ls).
The RALs and M:Ls, are concentration limits established by the MDH federal
government, respectively, for certain substances in drinking water. . There is 'a
'risk of contamination of J:eSidential 1r.'ells by the~ canpounds .as they migrate
towards those 1r.'ells.... " . .
. '. .
Six downgradient. resider1tial and two dCMngradient ccrrmercial 1r.'ells have
cons.istently shown detectable conc~ntrations of VOCs over several sampling
events. None of the, 1r.'ells have yet to show va: C9ncentrations above the RAIB
or the M:Ls for the individual ca11pOWlds. analyzed. .

The MDH issued two 1r.'ell advisories (Camin and A. Sachwitz), which advise the
1r.'e11 owner to seek an alteJ:native source of water for drinking and cooking, .
because sampling of these wells over several years consistently detected four
or m:>re VOCs in the wells. The MDH refers to this situation as "multiple
contaminant exposure". These two 1r.'ells have had detectable and elevated
concentrations of the following canpounds: .
1,1 trichloroethane
cis-1,2 dichloroethylene '
1,1 dichloroethane
1,2 dichlorothane
chlorofoIm
toluene .
chlorinated fluoranethanes
ethyl ether .

Concentrations of the Freons in these wells were found to be increasing with
time but are presently below RALs for those canpounds. The presence and
'concentrations of the other ca11pOWlds have fluctua~ over time. The health
concern fran contaminant exposure to even low levels 'of these types of .
canpounds stans in large part fran the lack of scientific data regarding the
additive, or synergistic effects of several canpounds being ingested at the
same time. ., In addition, 1,2 dichlorOethane and chlorofoDn are classified as
. . "probable" human :carcinogens. The USEPA has deteDnined that there is ~ sa~e .
threshold for,. exposure to carcinogens. '
,... ". ... ..' . ~..-:-, ,... .'...:'......, ,-,..'...':;'"':..'''.'.:''''''' -:: .:,' ""'-'..,.~',,:.,.......,,..::.....A...;..,:.
. .

! ' The other four residential wells have shown detectable concentrations of ,VOCs 10'-;' -, ',-.-' ~,.,..,,:"."
' but have not shoWn concentrations in excess of RALs or in quantities exceeding' '.. " .' '"
' 'fOur or rore ~ontaminant detections per sampling event. Hydrogeological"data':':; "':":::,.,., "~",
, for the site indicates that the ranaining downgradient private 1r.'ells and the ',.'> '" "';"'"
, NSP-S well;' all of , which havenot shown contamimition in the Past, 'ha~ the. ",<'.',.'
, p:>tential to beccine contaminated because there is strong indication that they. . '
; are in the path of the plume. All of the owners of the residential 1r.'ells except ,', ' ,:' , : "',
: the Pine Bend, MJ~el are being provided bottled water paid for by PBLI. , ., :: .:.
i . ..'., . ":':.,7:, ....~-, ~".,'~' -, ". '. '.' " . "'. .'.' ~.. -"'.~"_"'>"""'.i.::::~': :1~"..':.~~~I' ':£!"-:"J..:..T..:r~;:=:-':',-':":~'-"".:~-:o-~;:~~;.:.,'
. ~ downgradi~nt ~~cannerCial 1r.'ells, ,Pabst Meat and CENEX' (Attac1lrnl3nt'S) /: have:. , .. ~': :: ~~i'<
shown detectable:concentrations of vex:: contaffiination consistently"over several ',-.
sampling eVents.: The canpounds appearing in these wells are as foliows: . . :,'
. ;.. ~~ . . '. -,,:' ~ . ~ ';;",:... "'.~' ~ ,~ . ,'r
(Fmons )
. '
~ "
'. '
!:
~
..
", .
. .
"
- - .., .
, . .~.' --

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. . "'-.-" - ~. n.: .... ". ...-'..-...-.
~7-
CENEX
Trichlorofluoranethane
Dichlorofluoranethane
Dichlorodifluoranethane
Pabs~ M:!at Supply Co.

Dichlorodifluoranethane'
, Methlylene Chloride
1,1 Dichloroethane
'Dichlorofluoranethane
These two wells are deep, double-cased, bedrock wells. Contalni.ruition is
suspected to be migrating ~ the side of the casing due to ~ poor armulus ' ,
. seal of cement grout. The RI report gives no ~cation of the direct vertical '
migration of canpounds to the bedrock aquifers beneath or in :the,vicinity of
the Site. The two wells are Considered public water supplies, and, therefore;
are analyzed for, contaminants annually by the MDH in addition to' sampling and
analysis of the wells by PELI' s .contract laborato:ry. Due to their status as a
public water supply, Max.iJTnJm Contaminant ~ls (M:Ls) .rather than RAT..s are
used for water quality criteria. None of the Cuul-vund's concentrations
exceed M::Ls. The MDH does not consider the consumption of the water, supplied
by' these ,wells as a human health risk. The Union Carbide well and the NSP-D
well are also deep, double~ased, bedrock wells. ,These two wells have never
shown contamination consistently. The Union' Carbide well is a public water
supply well, whi~e the NSP...D well is used for fire suppression a:uy.
. . ,,"

In slUTl'la.1:Y, none of the downgradient resideritial wells that show" detectable:
concentrations of VOCS possess concentrations that exceed RAT..s at the present'
time. However, two of the wells do show the presence of four' or nore VOCs,
, levels of Freens' appear to be 'rising and multiple exposure is a health concern~
, . " ,,' Continued use of bottled water by these well CMIlers will minimize the risk fran
in~stion, however, bottled water is not a pemanent solution to the drinking
',' ..,~, .'" water problEm~ None of the dCMIlgradient ccmnercial wells are considered. to be
" , at risk' at this time. ,~ .:, ' " " , .., . ." .
..
~VII.
DESCRIFl'I,ON OF ALTERNATIVES' ,..
Five ranedial action alternatives have been identified for OU 1 as follC7WS:
, .~ ... Alternatiye ,1: ..,No actiC?n. , ,'" ...
Alternative 2: Extension of tJ:te city of Inver Grove Heights existing ~cii?a1
, water supply into the impacted area. ,
Alternative 3: ConstI:Uction of a ccmmmi.ty water supply systan to' ,service the
impacted 'area. '
Alternative 4: Constroction of a new well for each impacted well owner.
Alternative 5: Relocating impacted or potentially impacted private well owners
outside of the impacted area through the purchase of their
property. '

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, ,
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---.---..
._..,._~.:-....... -~~.
-8-
Alternatives 4 and 5 will be' el.iJni.nated fran further analysis. Alternative 4
would require a well, to be constructed for each well that is impacted or' is in
,the path of the contamination plume. In 1985, the MDH issued a well drilling'
adviso1:}F for the area presently, inJ:acted and areas 'that may be in ,the path of
" the plume. The adviso1:}F discourages water wells to be constructed in this area
due to the potential for producing a contaminated well or' contami:J1ating deeper",
, ground water when drilling. ' Aleo, this alternative is not considered a ' '
pe~nt solution because the wells would need to be IIDnitored indefinitely.
Therefore, Alternative 4 is not considered effective or implarel)table, and is
less 'Protective of 'hmnan health than Alternative 2 or 3. ' ,',

Alternative 5 would be considered only after exhausting ,other ranedies." It has
the greatest difficulty of implanentation of all the options, and the greatest
, inJ:act on ,the affected residents. 'After discussing Alternative 5 with ~everal
of the residents, it was deteJ:Jnined that the majority of them would not want to ,
sell their property and relocate. For this :reason, Alternative 5 is nOt
considered implanentable or desirable.
, ,
In the sUJT'l"ler of 1990, the MPCA, the city of Inver Grove Heights, PBLI, Dakota
County and Browning Ferris Industries entered into discussions concerning the
installation of a pennanent alternate water supply in the inJ:acted area east of
the Site. As a result of those discussions and MPCA l)egOtiationswith PBLI
to amend its original Response Order by Consent, a focused FS was done in
O=tober 1990 to identify alternativeS and their respective costs for an,
al t~te water system. The focused FS was financed by PBLI. ~ addendums to
- ,the fOCUS(d FS weJ;e carpleted in Novanber, 1990.

Alternative i-No .Action
j ,
The no action, ,al ternatiw consists of the downgradient residential
well CMners in the impacted area continuing to use bottled water as their
potable water' supply. Their wells would continue to be' sampled by the RPs of '
the Site inde~initely. This alternative is not protective,of hUman health and
is not an effective or acceptable pennanent remedy., This alternative will not
, ' be considered' or ~evaluated further. '

"Alternative,'2"'--ExtE3nSionof MllUcipal Water Into the Impacted Area
" ,
..
, "
.~. ," " ...:.-..' ,;.. ',.... ; ...;.. i:." ...;: .' "~'."" _0',,; ;:' ". .'~' ',' . .
The focused FS originally identifierl-tlu.~ 'alte~atiVe as a six inch water 'line
that would de~d-end in the impacted area and serve only those' residents' and
, businesses in~the impacted area. During discussions between the city of Inver
: Grove Heights, the'MPCA, PBLI, and ,Dakota County, the city detennined .that its
: water system could only be extended if it met certain' design :requiranents. The,
, city wanted'the system extended in a way that would allow other users nqt
affected bY the Site's contamination, to connect to the extension. The city
also required.:'that the sys:tem have the capacity to provide fire protection
(fire hydrants and larger water mains), and, the system needed to be looped
'rather than a dead-end system. The loOped system was needed to decrease,
.. the holding time of the water in the system, thereby, ,mcUntaining water quality
Jrore effectively.'than a dead-end 'type of system. ' The last con~tion o~ the ,
'.. .
~.. ~
".. .

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'~ity was that the RPs for the Site would be :required to pay the city the
difference between the am::nmt of II'Oney the city would collect, in user fees
(water bills) £ran users connected to the extension and the actual'Cost of
Operation and Maintenance (O&M) of the extension on an annual, ba~is.
, '
, '
, '
, ,
Addendum 1 to ,the focused FS studied the options for providing fire,protection '
to the area. Addendum 2 investigated the feasibility of a looped systan.
. .' .
, '
, ..
Alternative 2 will involve the following: Extension of municipal,'water into, the "
impacted area in a looPed s}tstan fashion (Attachment '9). The, systan will '
contain a bCx:>ster pump which will aid in c.iIculating water through the lOOPed "
systan irore rapidly than would noJ:Inally occur, thereby, decreasing the holding
t1roe of the water within the loop. This will maintain water quality within the :
, lOOPed extension. There will be anple storage capabilities which are already ,
built in to the existingmui1iciPai systan. The RPs of the Site will construct :
the extension, connect the residents' hanes/businesses to the systan, pay the
cost associated with relandscaped lawns, etc., and pennanently seal the priVate
-wells that will be taken out of service by this extension. Water use'by the,
residents/businesses conneCted to the systan will be metered by the city. The
issue of whether water bills will be the responsibility of the property owners '
or the RPs of the Site has not been resolved. The city would own, 'operate and
ma'intain- the extension. At the present t1roe, water treatment by~the citY '
consists of the addition of chlorine, fluoride, and sodium silicate which
prevents the precipitation of minerals frem the water in the ,Water, lines. The
city is cons~dering the construction of a water treatmant fac.ility which will
rerrove the majority of minerals found in the city's water supply: The cost of
Alternative 2 is 'estimated as follows: ' , '
Capital Cost:
Armual O&M: '
EstiInated Present WOrth:
, Implementation T1roe:
$2,131,300
$30,350
$2,649,499
ito2years
,
~
(~<"~, i,mated: present worth was calculated u~ing an estiInated annual inflation
r. ''''f 4.1 percent and ~ :thirty year period of analysis.) '.'.-,~ ,." "'.. _...'- ',.'. '
Altel:-' -ive 3 ~'Construction ofa'Ccmnu.nity'Water, Su~ly Systan":"':!:"''''''

.:. .", ..:.>~ ~".:":~'...';..: ":""'. '....:.;'" ':.'~". .:....';:'~--..-_." ,""''''''.''';..:.'_. ..:-..' ., .~:;'~.:~..~.-.:..

This i: ' i.. ve will consist of the construction of bNo double-cased, bed.roCk
.wells (l, a backup),' and a water distribution systan consisting of a '
pumphoUs6->ter mains (Attachment 10). The water P.1.oouced by the wells
.will no~ be . -: any manner. ,The distribution systan will be a "dead-end
system" which J to contribute to pOor water- quality by increasing the
holding t1roe of ~., ' "l thin the systan. , There would be limited storage
capabilities.' ,The h.: ;f the Site will coristruct'the systE!"ri;connect the ,',:-.. ..'" ~
residents' hanes/businesses to the systanr pay the costs associated with . , -.,
rel~dscaped lawns, etc., and pennanently 5~1 the private wells that ,will be
taken out of service by this systan.' , The RPs of the Site would own, operate,
and maintain the systan. ,Water use would not be netered. There would be no
water bills charged to the residents/businesses connected to the systan,. .The
cost of Al ternati ve 3 is estimated as follows: ' , . '
.' .' ,,' .
,'.., .. ..
. ' . .
, -
. ':'- '

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. --"'-".~._10~__.."..~.
...~.
'. .
,:' .
, -
, L ,
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, '
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Capital Cost:
Annual O&M:.'
Estimated Present Worth:.
ImplenentationTime :
$900,500.
. $16,539
$1,183,052
1 to 2 :years
, ,
' . (Estimated present \*JOrth Was calculated using an estimated annual ,inflation rate
of 4.1 percent and a thirty :year period of analysis.)

VIII: SUMMARY OF '!HE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
The nine criteria used for evaluating the :raredial alternatives listed above .
include: overall protection of hmnan health and the envirorment; canpliance.
with ARARs; long-t:enn effectiveness; reduct~on.in toxicity, Irobility, and'
volune; short tenn effectiVeness; ilrplenentability; cost; USEPA and ccmnunity
acceptance. The advantages and disadvantages of each' alternative were canpared
to identify the alternative providing the best balance aJ'OC)ng the nine criteria.

Overall protection of hmnan, health and the enviroriment.
Alternatives 2 and 3 are protective of human health because they each provide'
a safe~ pe.x:manent,potable water supply to affected residents and cC:mnercial
businesses. The alternatives do not protect, the env~nment but neither are
they detrimental. The other CUs for the Site will address the "
release of contaminants fran the Site and will be protective of the
environment.
Canpiiance with ARARs.
. , .
'The tenn "ARARs" is derived fran the Superfund ArneJ'ldrrent and Reauthorization Act, ,
of 1986, which ,requires thatre!redial ~ctions meet legally applicable or ' :, ., . ~."
. relevant and appropriate requirements of other environmental laws. A "legally
applicable" requi.ren'ent is one which \*JOUld legally' apply to the response action
if that action were not taken pursuant to Sections 104, 106 and 122 of CERCrA.
A "relevant and appropriate" requiranent is designed to apply to problems
sufficiently similar that the action is relevant to the situation and
appropriate,to take. 'There are' three classes 'of 'ARMs';" Chanical':'specific /'" " -, . " , ..' ,
, ' Action-specif~c, ,and Wcation-speci,;i.c,..,"~e~~s9t::a"E.nv.ironmental,Re~nse,:,;:-.,;~,;,-,-,,::.:'
, and Liability~Act: (MERrA) defines aremedial.,action ,as a, pen.n.anent action 'n~~', ,-'~",:"",
' to protect' public health or welfare 'or the environment. In selecting'; ra!Edial""', ":~':<~'~::'"
actions und~r,' MERIA, MPCA takes into account the envirornnental requiranents, that, " ,'>."
apply to a 'pai1:iqular release or threatened release ,as well as requirenents or':: ':-', !,:,.;".
: standards the' apply to sufficiently similar circumstances that \*JOuld be' ,
reasonable to" canply with in order to protect p.1blic health or welfare or the
Ql1vironment. ;; MPCA refers to these requiJ:eIents arid standards' as ARARs.
; ... . :,',.,~, t ~:', , ,', " ';~ >- "<""';-:' -.. - --:' .-:' --i:::',~'C;:; ~~ ':"~'" . - - -:. ,':; ~'..: '-:-:'-~, :,:. " '
: ARARs are ~xpected to be net with Alternative 2. 'MARs'will be associated with
' meeting the applicable: requirarents of the Safe Drinking Water Act 'in the forin
, of state drinking water standards, or M:Ls. Presently,MDH requires the' ':
sampling arid analysis of the City's water supply syst:.en for bacteria a .miriimum .
of 12 ti1Tes per year. MDH reguiressampling and ~ysis of the City's water
system. for other, contaminants such as VOCs, once every fifteen (15) rronths ~' '"
Contaminant concentration must be below the M:Ls regUlated' by the MDH for,"":
municipal, public water supplies. ", ' .
'.. . "
, ,
",

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-11-

. All ARMs 'are expected to be net with Alternative 3. The alternatiVe would .
: requirt3 the construction of two wells and a: water distribution systanr. The
wells ~d have to be constructed in the present well Construction Advisory
Area established by the MDH in 1985. The wells would be allowed :00 be ' . ' ,
co~tructed provided they neet certain design criteria such as double casing.
Construction plans are reqUired to be revieWed and approved by the MDH.
Sarrpling ahd analysis of the well water would ,be required upon ccirpletion of
well construction and then at..a Jriinimum of once every three years. Analysis
would be for the same canpotmds as the City's municipal system in Alternative 2. . , .
proper construction of, the wells would be regulated by the Dakota, County' ,Public'
Health Department as per the Minnesota Water Well Construction Cooe and Dakota "
County well Construction and Abandonment Ordinance No. 113. The 'construction of
. the distributiqn system and the connection to the buildings 'WOuld be regulated
by the Minnesota Plumbing Code and any other local or state plumbing law, ,
ordinance, rule or regulation that is enforced by the city. ,.,' "
once the' alternate water system in Alternative 2 'or 3 is constrUcted, 'the
Minnesota Plumbing Code, Section 4715.0310, gives the city the authority to
require connection to the system by residents and businesses 'in the ,impacted'
area and the pemanent sealing of the private wells serving the properties by a
state' licensed water well contractor. 'The city haS not used this authority in
the past. and has stated that it will not use this authority ~ this .particular
. situation., ;' ': '
IDng-tem effectiveness and pennanence.

Both Alternatives, 2 and 3 would be protective of human health'due to the system
distributing water fran an uncontaminated source that would be chemical~y ,
nonitored by the MDH on a regular basis. Either alternative will provide a
pemanent solution to the drinking water problem. However, neither addresses, " .. '" -'"
the actual contamination in the ground water. The ground water contamination
. will be addressed by qu#2 and 00#3. '
J,
, .
..
Reduction of toxicity, nobility, or volurre.

,'. 'The water source for Alternatives 2 and 3 will be the city's mUnicipal .wells -""-"""'.~"""':_'''-'''
and two deep~ double cased bedrock wells, respectively. The alternate sources
'. , '." . will eliminate the U$e of the shallow ground water in the impacted area 'as "a..":':;,"~'"~''''~''':~''
potable water supply. The alternatives do not reduce the toxicity, nobility,.:::-,",;,,:.','".
or volurre' of the contaminants . H~r au #2 and, #3 will address these . '
.issues. ' . :','.: . ,: , ., ",' ':~':~. "",0;; ~.,:,;: -t'r<'-."~, :."';",.:.~, !,;':..
Short-tem effectiveness.
." ". .-
,- '
.. . ".,:",,"........;.... '..-r.',
, . - .
It is anticipated that the .implarentation of Altematives 2 and 3 Can . ocCur' " ,,', > ..-.
within one construction season. The installation of the distribution system.>~,~...::;~:t::~::,;,-
will create dust, inconvenience due to possible autaTObile 'traffic delays: '" ..". ,"
because of the installation of the systsn along roadways, and may.require . ..
resooding due to the installation of the water lines under lawns. -No ' ' ,
short-tex::m environmental or health effects are foreseen. The action
. will take place entirely off-site, with no potential for a contamination'
release fran the Site. The water distribution line is' not expected to
'transverse any wetland or other sensitive ecosystan.

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. .
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-12-
Implemantability .

Alternative .2 offers advantages Over Alternative 3 in, tenns 6f technical' .
feasibility. Altemative 2 is an extension of an existing water distribution
system, therefore, the engineering design may" be IiOre sllnplifieci". Alternative
3 requires design of a new. system; including new wells 'and a. distribution
. system. Both are proven technologies .that are feasible. Altemative 2.
presents potential administrative problems because' approval by the city of
Inver Grove Heigh~ City Council is necessaIy. .' The seJ:Vices and materials
neceasaIy to construct Altemative 2 and 3 are readily available. It ,is'
. ~ative that all activities be overseen by the city engineer. .
Cost.
Altemative 2
Alterruiti~ 3
Capital cost:
Annual 0 & M cost:
Estimated present w::>rth:

Support agency acceptance.
$2,131,000
$ 30,350
$2,649,499 .
$900,500'
$ 16,539
$1,183,052
The USEPA believes that Altemative 2 - extension of the city's'existing
municipal water supply - presents the best balance am::>rig the nine evaluation
criteria. It is USEPA, Region V, policy to encourage extension of existing
wat~ supplies. ~ creation of new ones for Superfund. rarecliation.

Ccmnunity acceptance.
. .
.The p.tblic generally accepted Altemative 2, because they felt lTOre confident.
with the city owning and operating the altemate system, they 'were apprehensive
about the location of the two water supply wells profX)sed in Altemative 3
being in close proximity to the Site, and felt that the city's system w::>u1d
produce water of . better quality than water provided by Alternative 3. However, ,.
they expressed scme concerns regarding the payment of, water bills' as proposed' '.
in Alternative 2. See the attached Besponsiveness S1.JIYI11aIY ~or ad~t~;iled...... .., ,',... '..
discussion of.caments received.. . ' , ",,,,,,,, '. ...... '''...... ,-,.."" . "'---.'" ".-
, '.
. '. 0'
'. IX. THE s~ REMEDY
. . -'.: ".. .,,'- '. -::. ._"".'~"-';.;.-::':':~'''''~7''''':-'' ':-~ :,."-.."-,';~:.~;'.-;,,; -.-~- .
. . ~ . .,

. The selected ~E!(lledy to provide a peDnanent, alternate water supply is " .....,'
Alternative 2;' the extension of the existing City of Inver Grove Heights '."
municipal Water ~upply into the impacted area. ' .
. .' '. .
. .:~. :' ',t.' ":':"0''': ,\..:".{. ,:"::.....I'.~ ::.,.' '. "." ......., "'Y...-,'. .
:.; . . .:. ...:..

: The goal of the iaredial action is to provide residents and bUsinesses, who -
; possess water',' supply wells located ~gradient of the Site and screened in ~e ..--:-_c,;-_...:-:-
; surficial agulfer, with a safe, peDtianent, alternate water supply. The private' " '. .
. wells that this ienedial action will replace must be peDTlanently sealed in ' .' '.
; order for thi~. rSrnedy to be effective. . .,'
'.
.' , .
. ,

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. . ..' ._._0_" ...:t.;.-"~"""",:.,,,,,,,,,,,,---~
-13- '
Altemative 2 will invol~ the extension of an existing municlpal water sysi:.an
into the impacted area in a looped Systan fashion, and the connection of '
seventeen (17)' hanes and businesses to the systan. The systan will contain a
booster punp which will, aid in c~ating water throUgh the looped system ro:re
quickly than wOuld othendse occur with nonral water use, thereby, dec:reasirig
the holding'tine of the water within the loop. This will maintain ,water
, quality' within the looped extension. , " '
. .", .
,The RPs of the Site will construct the extension, connect the residents
hanes/businesses 'to the systan, relandscape lawns" ete., and PenTIanently seal '
the private wells that will be taken out of service' by this extension. Water
use by the residents/businesses cormected to the system will be metered by the
city. The issue qf whether water bills will be the responsibility of the ,
property owners or the RPs' of the Site has not been resolved", The city would
own, operate and maintain the extension. ' ' '

At'the present tiIre, water, treatment by the city consists of the : addition of
chlorine; fluoride, and sodium silicate which prevents the precipitation of
minerals fran the water in the water lines. The city is considering the
construction of a water treatment facility which will rarovethe 'It'ajority of
minerals' found in the city~s water supply. -, '
Presently, MDH requi.rE!s the sampling and analysis of tl1e City; s Water supply,
system for bacteria a minimum of twelve (12) times per year. MDH requires
sampling and analysis ,0£ the City's water syst.em for other ccmpound::; such
as VOCs, once every fifteen (15) m:mths. Catpound concentrations 'must be
, heleM the M::Ls regulated by the MDH for municipal 'public water supplies.
The construction of the distribution system and the cormection to the buildings
would be regulated by the Minnesota Plumbing Code and any other local or s~te
plumbing law, ordinance, rule' or regulation that is enforced, by, the city.,' ,

The associated costs for Alternative 2 are shown in Attachments 11 and 12.
.
x. STA1UIDRY DETERMINATION
, '
.' ., .". " '. .1, ..' . ..; - .:.: .,- .
.. .'
..." ,,'.'
'The iroplenentation of Alternative 2 at the Site satisfies the requiranents of
S~tion,l~l (a to e)ofCERCIA as deta~~~ICM. '
., . .
- Protection of H\JI'Ian Health and the Environment

Implenentation of the selected' alternative, and the subsequent sealing of the
private wells that will he replaced by the alternative, 'will eliminate the ,
, potential risks to human health fXJsed by e>q;X)S\lI:e to contaminated ground water
through ingestion, inhalation, and dennal contact. The L~I~ for this'
, operable unit is not intended to address p:rotec t ion of the envirorunent.
Operable units 2 and 3 will address the release o,f contaminants fran the Site
. ,and, will be protective of the envirorunent. '
Attai.ranent of Applicable or, Relevant and Appropriate Requirarents.

-------
.. . ~ .
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,..". "
.. ... "
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. '
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I.
"
-14-
\I
, , .
, . MARs are expected to be met with Alternative 2. ARARs Will be associated with
meeting the applicable requiranents of the Safe Drinking Water.Act in the fom
of state drinking water standards, or M:Ls. Presently, MDH requires ,the'
sanpling and analySis of the City's water supply Systan for bacteria a minimum
of twelve (12) times per year. MDH.requires sanpling and analysis of the City's
water syst~ for other carp:>unds such as VOCs, once every fifteen (15) IIDnths.
Canpound concentrations must be below the M:Ls regulated by the MDH for
mUni<:i~ pmlic water supplies. ' .

Cost Effectiveness,
, .
Although the .capital and operational costs of the Alternative 2 exceed the
cqsts. of Alternative 3, Alternative 2 will IIDre effectively supply a potable
water supply to the area. The lower costs associated with Alternative 3 are
due to. the downsizing of the Watennai.ns, the smaller overall size of the
systan, and the elimination o£ watennain looping. '

Utilization of PeJ:manent Solutions
The MPCA and the USEPAbelieve that the selected remedy represents a peDTlanent
solution to. provide an alternate water supply to the area downgradient 6f the
Site. Bottled water, in use at the present t:iJne, will ,be eliminated. The
municipal systan will be in operation for, as long as the City exists. ,The ,
selected alternative does not address the actual contamination in the ground
water. The ground water contamination will be addressed by 00#2 ~ 00#3.

The selected alternative - Extension of municipal water into the impacted
area - represents the best balance am:>ng the evaluation criteria used to
evaluate the ranedies. Based upon the infoDnation available, the. MPCA, and the
USEPA believe the. selected alternative wOuld be cost-effective, protective of
public health,' iIrplStentable, pennanent and canply with ARARs.
..
. :"-~' ,0 "..,:
" .' - . r ~ ,;. ,..' #0'
-- .' '. - .. .'
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.' .
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.. . i"
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" .

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ATTACHMENT 1
PINE BEND SANITARY LANDFILL/CROSBY AMERICAN DEMOLITION LANDFILL
..
..
Anoka County
I
d
Washington
County.

I

I
,
-"- Hennepin
County'.
1=
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Carver
.County
r;Q
CJ
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o
1'.
I
Scott County
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Dakota . ~
County
"

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ST
PAUL
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,
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APPL E
ROSEMOUNT
VA L LEY
Rd.
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N
ATl'ACHMENT 2
LOCAT 10 N
MAP
.

-------
/!;05-n+ .$T:....--
N
-

o ,1000 2000
APPROXIMATE SCALE IN FEET
OM.11A
HILL. SCHNABEL. M,350 WEBER. ~.

. CAP.S
TSCHIDA. . 0:rO ~iP-4 SUB. GAS. \

'. CAP.5 . MALCOLM
, CAP.1 fL- \\
CAP.1"CAP.5B n M. SACHWITZ ~ . P,B, MOTEL
CAP.90 . BEYERS ~::i2" J EP.\,,~ .~UC~~~ \
. ~&1 ,0 ~AP S < . OHMAN . ~
:&CM'3 CAP.2 .$PA.9 . . CAROl ~ ,I EJ PINE BEND LANDFill, INC,

t~:\,~:~;.!.~.~7:~":/~::~~:~:~~:~~Y !. CAP-8B,A.SACHWIT2. :~;~~ ~ ~ .R'POLKljHOR~~ i '::,:, PROPERTIES

,',:,.. :::, ;.'"',,, :::. ;.',:", II L SACHWITZ I \' I /..,1
1':~:~'~';<'/~';/~):\(.:>:',:~~\/,r-/ o:~.d SI~ON ~U, '. ~\ ,.'I: ~
'- ': ::,,::,<'::;:\'/'::'::'::::,"I:;:';;'::~:5A' kij.s ~ O. J, POLKINGHORNE , \ ,) ~ "
",'."" " ",,',"" .' ';:J pj......7 V M26 0 " :(', ~ !
r;;;~:',('r~j:~'{:::;\('::::'::;'/:o<)i \,:;j " . M.38 \ \ "oIl ~ ;'
t.::..:': :,.': ::.,::~'eN,r(: :,,:: :.:::,: ':-:'::.:': '0', ~ ~ -;. ~', 0 0

, .,:,::.:.::;i2~'6::'::-.:":':;;';":";',:;,;,,,,:; P"':'P!K/;;f' NSP.D" " ; r: \ \, \\
r:~~~~/,:::,::rJ:/iJ(iJ ~~:~'19Y\ PABST ~ \ \ "~
II:
//7 T ::5TAf£. 8 . JESSE \ ''\

\
\
LEGEND
o
MONITORING WelL
.
PRIVATE RESIDENTIAL WELL
.
PRIV ATE PRODUCTION WELL
~."'!t,.".,.
~
CROSBY.AMERICAN PROPERTIES
(CAP)
:to

~

:I:
~
~,

W
o
M-31
'\
.SAVAGE
M.130
M.410
FIGURE 1
WELL LOCATION MAP
PINE fiENO LANDFILl,lNC,
INVER GROVE HEIGHTS, MINNESOTA
"'''''GERAGHTY
AYe MILLER,INC.
~":I1.;,.",,,,,,,,,.'s,,..j,,,
-:F.'.~~
..t.
"

-------
SEN!
Parameters


Dichiorodifiuoromethane
Methyl Ethyl Ketone .
c,p,n>xylene
Acetone
Methylene chloride
Ethyl benzene
Ethyl ether
Trichlo'rofluoromethane 1
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
1 ,1 ,2-TrichIoroethylene
1,1-Dich'.oroeth8ne
1 ,1 ,2,2-Tetrschloroethylene
c>1,2-Dichloroethvlene
Vinyl Chloride
Toluene
Benzene
1 ,2-Dichloropropane
t-1 ,3-Dichloro-1 -propane
Methyl. isobutyl ketone
1,1 Dich'loroethylene •
t-1 ,2 DichloroetKylene
1 , 1 ,2-Tr ichlorotrifluoroethane
1 ,3-Dichloropropane
1 ,1 ,2,2 Tetrachloroethene
1 ,1 ,1 ,2-Tetrachloroethane
1,2 -Dichlcroethane
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
c-1 ,3-DichIoro-l-propene
Dibromochloromethane
Chloroform
RAL's WCL's
(ufl/D ! (UB/I)
i
, i
1 000!
300!
1000C
700
50
700
1000
2000
600

I



•

200
'
70i
1

0.1
1000

2

10! 5
5l


. 300i


•

i 2
i ' 20
! 4
! 3

10
60

•




5

.


Observed
Concentration
(U9/H
1300
700
580
430
880
290
260
190
87
76
76
72
82
70
42
28
25
18
12
11
10
7.5
7.1
2.4
2.4
3,9
1.5
1.5
1.5
6

-------
, I
WH~ AU.ItA.'" - .e;} r '0 Ja'FRES. ~ ',: \J I
, HAWKINS :]8:SON ~ "', 0 .JNDUSmIAl~EJ1VIces ! : } :1 :
SatHABB...o ' , 0 ' .AEamlGAL i \} I :. !
Jill. . BIGELBACH, " . . 0 ,:., ii.!; i
1SCttIOA. 80no M-350 r----= ~tI ' WEBER. : Iv,,: IF.GEND
. '...) ~ rta::'l S\J8,GAS~CAP\'*. .MALCou.. :I! ! r\..' 0 SHAL1.0WDRIFT
-----;;?8EYEJ1S C~'I ~ ." '~';fs1Jl' MSACHWITZ . ~.~~i'EL , : 1\\\ lj: '\ MOHITORINGWF,lI.
«:AM ~ ~iN l" . 'Cr~~~ ,'J ' ::,(j~ ' \ i r: ~ .'." 1\ ~~~T~~~
u.:ti . ~ii I ' .... ck.~P" .CARO;\1 ~ ' :, l
, ~'M-a&"'2;r,::"f}!~~~i:jI' ,CAP-4iB ' ,,"W'.PII(~ '6 " ' A,POUCINGHORHE\ .\: -f\ :;:r:~::;:GWEU.
, ,~:~ ::',:',: ::::"',. ::-_'-':-::::::Gfi'7j A.SAatMIZ. . \ n . . : \ ; ~
, iV}.~\~::l~:~f~{}::.~:tfi~~/~~i A~ ' . ' LSAatW\ r~=---~-=" , \ "\,,~ : f ~ ==ifGweL1.'
, x.~~:'~'~:;:.::\.";\::::;':;:X::.:::~i ;d~O- ' .SOION .J,POl1J:tGHORNE" \tn ~ .
T',"" .. ':,:'.~.~:',.,"., -,";yoO ........ . l' 01', ~
t.."..." ..::-.."..:..."...-.,::......... \-~ .°7 0 t .". ~
,:~;"',:;"~":':'::;"'::,:.:.:.I. ",'-III-X '\ t ~l 0
':'(:~';::~:::::BSt~~.:~:~:t':',\:::;\ .\!! " ' 0 ' ~' h
: /;,':,::,:~:';:::i?Nr.,~~~~;"":~':::~,:':~:.:l ''( c-\ ... ~\ ~ ': ~\
;,::,,:':'::',::~4NPf.41;:',:,::-:; M-7.tI. ~ , ~ ~ If I
a: ""'OO -........"". ." .. 'I.~"..... M..eJ . . ell 1.\.

(J ':Y~::::\£l~~~~;::{:/:;{r;;:'~ "15~ \ ;. 1: \\ \ '"I j
,,:,,:'!",~:~:,-'~:,':':':",~::":,-'::::':ij '8 M-71A~. eCetex ~- ,..\.. .. ,r
": ': "~:;,:'.'" :,.:',~ .:::.;','.' :l:'"~' p.,v.~:" . M,14A UfIItOH M 218 ,--, '\ ". \ '
::'::'::':',?';::,:::~::::,:,::.:?\,::':~:?-f . ~ :~,:::':?:: c ~. M-34 .,.. r-, I '-...
,.r,", "","..',", ""'_''''/1[' ,,".....f, .,.M.:JS ARBIOE -l I . -I \' .
ri:::"':~:'::;::::'~:::~"':~:';:::~:'?'::l:- /::::'~::::::~"I ~' ; ,\ ~r ~\ ,\ ] i\
f.. : ;,,:':':.::/,~ :0'" :;-,:-;:,:;/;. '''''r:,::/,: '-or. ;".:-a ::J ,,~ '../
l,:;;:',~i1:~.tj,:~X;;.:::.~~:':~~{~~t" l;-.~;':~~,::)I 8 ~ '\ I 1".\ ",
"',..':,,..:,,",' ":.',r~,:'.":::', """:~"-' PABST :; ~ I "
~":1A~':--='~':":":'.~~ 'M-8::"~;" 0 '. ~ - \:\ :
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A" «..Ir..""..,.r J.."rll'''
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AI','nOXlUA11: SCALE IN H:ET
u
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PRIYATEWfJ.l
rg
1,<.--::1
, CnOSRY.Al/IEnICAN
PJlOPEmtES (ClIP!

PINE BEND
LANDAU., IMe.
PAOflEA11ES
6..120
6N-12A
I'IIIF.IF.NO SANITARY l-""DIIU.
-R GROVE 11E1Gln'S.MNN£SO''''
~
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WEll LOCAll0N MAP
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11II1II STREE'f EAST
..
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A.,,& MIIJ,ER. INC.
A,;'"",.'..r",.' ,...,...
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AI'PROXIMA TE SCAI .. ItHRI
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WATER-FILLED
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cnOSBY.AMmICAN
rnOPF.nnES PPI

PINE BEND LANDfn 1. ItlC,
PROPt:RT'Y
SlCD RICH V AllJ:Y
LANDFII.L PROPEn-n
KOCH REFINERY PHOJ'IiIl1Y
ADOITION.t.lOOtlMF.J1t.',U
p'tOPEmy

RESIOENnAl PROP"JHV I
AGmCULTURAL PROf'ERJYI
OPEN SPACE
SICUACI::
~"'IIII"'-' 11W7J
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"<"-J. ..~
1'...( PA01t.c.
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
REGION 5
230 SOUTH DEARBORN ST.
CHICAGO. ILUNOIS 80604
REPLY TO A1TENTION OF:
5RA-14
SEP 3 0 1991
Charles w. williams
Commissioner
Minnesota Pollution
520 Lafayette Road
st. Paul, 'Minnesota
control Agency
55155
Dear Mr. williams:
The United states Environmental Protection Agency (U.s. EPA)
hereby concurs in the remedy identified in the enclosed Record of
Decision (ROD), which was compiled by the Minnesota Pollution
Control Agency (MPCA) for the pine Bend Sanitary Landfill site.
-
,
Our concurrence is in accordance with 40 CFR 300.515 (e) (2) (i)
and (ii), and is based upon our review of documents contained in
the Administrative Record Index as supplemented by U.S. EPA.
.
We look forward to continued involvement with MPCA at this site.
Enclosures
Printed on Recrded Paper

-------
':.i
. "a'" -.':;1""-'" ,-,,'..~,f:-:~....-":'''''':''~'~'''''~'''''----"'"-_.._..;.:..r~--'''''':_-_._''''-~~---'-'~~'''~.~-~...---=--~--..-~~-
4&.
~
, '

Minnesota Pollution CQntrol Age~cy
520 Lafayette Road. Saint Paul, Minnesota 55155-3898
Telephone '(612) 296-6300 '
, '
September 30, 1991
, ,
, '
-
, .
Mr. Valdas ~s
Regional Administrator ' '
U . S. Envi.:roranental Protection Agenc:y
230 South Dearborn Street
Chicago, Illinois 60604
.,
"
. ,
..
"
, '
Dear Mr. Adarnkus:
"
"
, , -
, RE: Pine Bend Sanitary Landfill/Crosby American [)em)lition Landfill Site
State of Minnesota ': , '
~!
Record of Decision - Operable Unit No. 1
Alte~te Water Supply ,
,.
~
.; "
"
, -
Enclos'ed for your concurrence are two signed copies of the ReCord c;>f Decision' .
(ROD) for the above-referenced site (the . Site) . This ROD was~ jointly drafted by' ,
staff of, the Minnesota Pollution Control Agercy (MPCA) and the u. S. '
E;nvi.:ronrrental Protect~on Agenc:y (USEPA), Region V. ': ::
. . . '. ~~. ':;; ... . .-... . .
The ROD selects a pennanent alternate water supply to replace imPacted priva~E:!' '
wells downgradient of ,the Site. The .LE:llledy selected is based upon infoIJ'l\ation
considered in a, focused feasibility study for this Operable Unit. '
, , ..
It is the MPCA staff's understanding that USEPA need only to concur on the' ROD, "
because the ~ite is state-lec;id andnonfederally ~inaI:lqed.. _.'rl}.erefore, ,there is, ,"" "
no signature space for the USEPA.
. '. -,'.:' ''''':.~:..' ...-.:..-....-...~.:...;r...._._:...:.....-.....- .-.:L-:":.or ",: .. ,-.' ..~ ~:_~'" ~."?,":'.':':.'

MPCA staff appreciates the cooperation and assistance of your staff, ,', ',' "'., ,:'.'~,:: i..
particularly Mr. Turpin, Ballard, in the preparation of the ROD. If you have',any,'.'''''' , ,.
questions reg~g the document, please contact DJugla,s Day, Superfund Unit .,',..:;,:,....,:,
.~upervisor ,at 612l~97-1780. ", '" " .; , ,-,< ,:, ~



Sin if ~s':f4ho:;':;:'i(~7;?:t~-"...~_-:,e'~_'~";-,~r~'>'.. -\:'; <~~...

les W. Williams, ' ',' " - , " '" " :
Connussioner '
CWW:cj'
Enclosure
cc: See attached page.

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^ valdas
page TWO
 September  30
                                                   letter.

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