United States Office qf Environmental Protection Emergency and Agency Remedial Response EPA/ROD/R05-91/178 September 1991 Superfund Record of Decision: Pine Bend Sanitary Landfill, MN ------- 50272.101 REPORT DOCUMENTATION 11. REPORTNO.' PAGE EPA/ROD/R05-91/178 1 ~ 3. RecIpient. Acceulon No. 4. TItIa 8IId 8ubfta SUPERFUND RECORD OF DECISION Pine Bend Sanitary Landfill, MN First Remedial Action 7. Aulhor(.) 5. Raport Data 09/30/91 6. 8. Perfonnlng Organization Rapt. No. 8. Pilrfonnlng Orgalnlzatlon Name and Add,... 10. ProjactJTuklWortc Unit No. 11. Contrac1(C) or Grant(G) No. (C) (G) 1~ ~ OrganIzatIon Name and Adchu U.S. Environmental Protection 401 M Street, S.W. Washington, D.C. 20460 13. Type of Raport & PerIod Covered Agency 800/000 14. 15. Supplam8nt8ry No... 16. Abalr8ct (LImI1: 200 _rda) The Pine Bend Sanitary Landfill site is located 1 mile east of the Mississippi River in Inver Grove Heights, Dakota County, Minnesota. Land use in the area is residential and industrial. The terrain is generally flat and contains an immature drainage system resulting in onsite numerous ponds and wetlands. The site is composed of two landfills: the 255-acre active Pine Bend Sanitary Landfill (PBSL) and the inactive 52-acre Crosby American Demolition Landfill (CADL). PBSL began operation in 1971 as a mixed municipal solid waste facility. CADL accepted compressed bales of municipal solid wastes from 1971 to 1974, and later, from 1976 to 1989 also accepted demolition wastes. Hydrogeologic data from the site show that the two landfills are considered one site because their ground water plumes commingle within a common surficial aquifer. The resulting plume moves through the surficial aquifer and is believed to eventually discharge to the Mississippi River via springs in the river bottom. In 1983, elevated levels of VOCs were detected in the surficial ground water beneath the site, and low levels of VOCs were identified in numerous downgradient commercial and residential wells. This contamination is believed to be the result of precipitation infiltrating through the permeable landfill material and (See Attached Page) 17. DocI.ment Analyal. L Dnc:rIptora Record of Decision - Pine Bend Sanitary Landfill, MN First Remedial Action Contaminated Medium: gw Key Contaminants: VOCs (benzene, PCE, TCE, toluene) b. IdentifteralOpen-Ended Tenna Co COSATI Fl8ldlQrlq) 18. Avall8bllty StaI8m8nt 18. Sea8ity a... (lbi. Report) None 20. SecurIty a... (lbia Page) lIJ"n~ 21. No. of P.ge. 28 n PrIce S88A~Z38.18 $Be lnatrucli- on Re- ,''' (FOI'III8Ity NTlS-35) Depa~tofCo~ce ------- EPA/ROD/R05-91/178 Pine Bend Sanitary Landfill, MN First Remedial Action Abstract (Continued) coming in contact with buried waste. Since 1986, at the request of the State, CADL has provided bottled water to residences with contaminated wells to minimize the risk of vOC-contamination migrating from the PBSL/CADL site. This Record of Decision (ROD) addresses ground water contamination as the first of three Operable Units (OUs). Future RODs will address source control and final remediation of ground water. The primary contaminants of concern affecting the site are VOCs including benzene, PCE, TCE, and toluene. The selected remedial action for this site includes providing a permanent alternative water supply by extending the existing Inver Grove Heights municipal water supply; connecting impacted or potentially impacted premises to the municipal water supply; and permanently sealing the potentially affected onsite private water supply wells. The estimated present worth cost for this remedial action is $2,649,499, which includes an annual O&M cost of $30,350 for 30 years. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS OR GOALS: Not applicable. ------- ! '. - -... '-_.-.. ,~. ..' .'--" -",.~""""",.,,,,,.,,,,,:,,,,,,,,-,,-~-,~,:~~,.,,,,~~-~~pq DEClARATION FOR THE RECORD OF DECISION . PINE BEND SANITARY 'LANDFILL/CROSBY AMERICAN DEMJLITION LANDFILL SUPERFUND SITE '. OPERABLE UNIT 1: PERMANEN!' ALTERNATE DRINKING WATER SUP~Y . '. Site Name and I£Ication: Pine Bend. Sanitary L6nd£illiCrosby ~ic~ DaTclition Landfill '~uperfund Site' City of Inver Grove Heights; Dakota County, Milmesota '.' . Statement .of Basis and PurPose: .. . ' . . This decision cioc::unent presents the selected .early final remedial action for the Pine Bend Sanitary landfill/Crosby An'erican Da'rolition landfill Superfund Site. (the . Site) , city of Inver Grove Heights, Milmesota, which was chosen in accordance with the Minnesota Envirornnental Response and Liabilit;y Act of 1983 and the.O::tober 23, 1990, Response Order by Consent for the Site. The selection and the remedial action takes into account' and is nbt inconsistent . . with the Canprehensive Enviromental Response, Carpensation and Liability .Act of . 1980, as amended by the Superfund Amendment and Reauthorizati~n Act of 1986, and the Natic;mal Con~ingencyPlan. ',~ :; ; '., . . . This decision is based upon the reports and infoD'llation which: coz),stltute the administrative record for the Site. The attached index identifies the items that canprise the administrative record upon which the selection ;0£ this remedial action is based. . s' '. " ~ Assessnent.of the Site: " , .'. ,'0. .": . . .Actual or threatened releases of hazardous substances !ran this site, if not addressed by implementing the response action in this Record of Decision, may presez:t~ imninent ..and substantial endangeIJnent to public heal~ ~d welfare. Description of the Selected'Raredy: T1i.is operab;I.e ~t is"the first of three operable units for the Site. It . involves the installation of a pennanent alternate water. supply.. The second ' operable unit involves source control for the Site. The third operable unit . will address .the contamination that is present in the ground water.'., The ..,:., ."'"" ,.':.:" ,.'J_," .,,--, ccrnbination of these three discrete actions are expected to address the releases and threatened releases at the Site. This Record. of Decisionwlll identify the.,.:.:-.~:,",,,,,., . selected .L~ledy for .the first operable unit only. The second and third operable:: <.; . :',.~,-"". units will each be addressed in their respective Record of Decisions at a later. date.. ' . . .. . " .,: "'.'-": ." .. .. , ".'" :- " .. .~ ': ~~.~ : ~ ., - , . ; {'.., .~ .J - 'The selected' .c~ledy for the first operable unit consists' 6f the following ccmponents: .. ,- .'", . . . . . ' " "~"'.' ...:~;.. .. " ,';",'.., ..,',,". ,~" .~.' .' "..',' .. '.' , " ". ,". ...' ''''''''''"0-'''.-'.'- .",.".....,j ",.' ",-:"...-." The' extension of the' eXisting city of InVer' Grove Heights niwiiciPaJ, water ~..:~;~:;~~-:'tO r" . supply . '. . .,.., '.~:. '.',., - The connection of' impacted or potentially impacted premises to the municipal. ~'. water supply' . . .' The pennanent seaiing of the private water supply wells which presently. serve the premises that will be connected to the Jm.1!1icipal water supply. -' . , ------- ~---- ---....... - , t, , ,~, . -.. ..."?'~ ~. -. ,_...6,._... ...-._-- -""-"''''''''''';'''''''''''''''~''''''''.-:--''''WJ"''Oo~''':-':-_''''''''~'' . , " -2- :.u" . Statutory Det~tions: ' 'The selected Leuooy is protective of public health and welfare, canplies with Federal and State, requireID:mts that are legally applicable, or relevant and . appropriate to the scope of this early final ranedial action, Bnd is 'cost-effective. The statutory preference for pennanent treatment solutions , that reduce toxicity, nobility, or volume is not applicable to this particular , :roo, but will be addressed as appropriate in subsequent ,decision documents for" the ~ite. The J:aTeCly ~ not prot~ive of the envirorunent but ~ither is it detrimental., Because this is an early action ROD, review of the Site and of this rauedy will be ongoing as other final ranedial alternatives are developed for the Site. Fe4eml Concw::renc:e: , , The United States Envirorunental Protection Agency believes that .Alternative 2 - extension of the existing city of Inver Grove Heights municipal water supply'- presents ,the best balance am::>ngthe nine evaluation criteria. "I 3(i'~ I Date .. ..' . .- .. " ," . ..: '.' ~", .' ,: , ' ," " ...,.... ../: ':", ;; - "....."T '..'."I';-.}i'I"-~ "..4'''--' ...~...~t"",'~'_'" , .' ,. ,'..,.. ~ . ,-:- ",,'..-, :. , : -t' l .;.'.-i:.'.~?. .. "'''.' L~.~':.:~..~':.~.."':~-.~' .~. " ~; .' . ~; . 0- ~~~.~. ": t " " ~~"( i. " j' r, .: .. . l. ~ '.. ",_;"';;;';':;.:"",'-,~~','"':'''':~'':'''''-,- i: ";,':,",'",:,...,~','~','t.',:,:~-'~,: ~,:,,- ~ -',~' ..',"-' 0- '. "~ '. ':'. .~ :"~"'. "'.. .f ":' f:. ... :~ ~', , ~, . ~ ~ .. " I 'f:" ., . ~: . ~, , . ~','~ : :-~'-, ..~. ~',.~",~' . . ";J<~ :':"~.~'~~'-:\:: . ~-:::.:.~;~~~:~f~::';';~~;~' ., ".",',". . ., . ' ~., :,1:;.'..~ ';.' ,~ . ,. ... ,.....:: :.; . :.., ~ ' .: ~ .~~.-;. ';/:~ :~~.:::.~~:: ;~,:';,' :;"i ~,~~.::~~,j;:j'~,'~ :" :~~:J..?~~;..~~~~~:~ ~:*~~~.. - . . t' r " .' "', ..., , '. ~ _:,',,~, . ..~-:, ~ ~::.-.:'~: .: ; :''',; :'...,t~;~--:;~~....~~ . . ','.,. :.." ,>:', --'~':" ,"~ ;~',~:'~'.[ ," , , , . . . ' , . " ..~~--~'::':'; c_; i,~,~.( .:} ':; '::.;~:~:r;-:~;~::::.7_';-i;;..::~,'::::;-~; ~"",:""t-~:'~ff:'-' ':: - ,: '" ~,':',' -- - - , . '. " ,; . '''' - - , ,.. .. 'I'" -.. " . . . - -. , , .. " . j: -, i , , , , -' " ' ,. '" '. .- .. -. ',' ;"!. '," . . - ~ ' ' , ".' ", .-. ",...- . ,..' -', ------- .. v . . :~-_._,--_._---~---:.--.._-----...-.. ..._~-~._~--~_......._......- .- :-.,. . RECORD OF DECISION SUMMARY . PINE BEND SANITARY IANDFILL/CROSBY AMERICAN DEMJLITION lANDFILL SUPERFUND SITE . OPERABLE UNIT 1: PERMANENr ALTERNATE DRINKING WATER SUPPLY I. SITE NAME, I.O:ATION .AND DESCRIPTION . The. Pine. Bend Sanita;Y landfill/Crosby .American Darolitionlandfill (PBsL/CADL) .site is located in northeast Da.)rota COW'lty, on the peripheJ:y of the . Minneapolis/St. Paul netropolitan area, in Sections 27, 28 and 33, Township 27. , ~rth, ~ge 22 West, city of Inver Grove Heights, Minnesota (Attachment .'1). PBSL encatq?B.sses approximately 255 acres arid is an open operating mixed municipal solid waste facility. CADL encanpasses approximately 52 aCI:eS and ceased accepting waste in 1989 and is inactive.CADL is. located ..imnediately north of the. PBSL . (Attachment 2). The PBSL and CADL were operated as separate . facilities under separate ownership. CADL and PBSL aI:e connected. .. .hyd:rogeologically in the surficial aquifer, with CADL being imnediately down and sidegradient of PBSL, and PBSL being side gradient of CADL. .. . . The PBSL/CAP site is inciuded on the Minnesota PeDnanent List' of. Priorities with . a Hazard Ranking. System ScOI:e of 52. . PBSL, only, is included: on . the National . Priority List (~) with a Hazard Ranking SystemScore of 52.~ The Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) has always considered the twO landfills as one site because hydrogeologic data dem:>nstrates that the ground water contamination plumes emanating .fran each landfill carmingle on and east of their. camon border. . The MPCA considers the Responsible Persons for both landfills jointly and severally liable for the carmingled ground water contaminatiOn hydrogeologically down and sidegradient of the pBsL/CADL si~.. .:' .. ~ -.. ~: The PBSL/CADL site (the Site) is bordered on the south by industrial areas, to the east by residentiCil and industrial areas, to the north bY I:esidential aI:eas, and to the west by pastUI:e and residential areas. 'The' terrain is generally flat to gently rolling and possesses an irmatUI:e natural surface drainage system I:esul ting in nurrerous ponds and wetlands. The Mississippi River is located approximately one mile to the east of the Site. . . The geology of the aI:ea in the vicinity of the Site consists of a thick. sequence of glacial' drift. oVerlying appro~tely 700 feet of cambrian bedrock. The bedrock .is generally flat lying ,but. has been deeply eroci!3d in sane areas and subsequently filled with glacial drift.. The axis of a pronounced buried bedrOck valleytIends west-northwest to east-southeast near the northeastern'.. . comer of the Site. The valley is nearly two miles wide and 450 ~eet or nore deep in places, although there is no surfac~ indication of its presence. The.. gradient flow of surficial ground. water, supported by extensive hydrogeological 'data, is found to be east-northE?a5t running fran south of PBSL, through PBSL, continuing in a northeasterly diI:ection through CADL, then east along the . buried bedrock valley to the Mississippi River (Attachment .3).; The ground. water contamination plurre emanating fran the Site is m:wing through the . surficial aquifer in this area and it is believed that it will eventually. discharge to the Mississippi River via springs in the river bottan. .. II ~ 'SITE HISIORY AND ENFORCEMENl' ACTIVITIES The PBSL was first issued a pennit (SW-45) to operate by the MPCA on . September 7, 1971. Since t)len, it has operated as a sanitary landfill accepting .' mixed municipal solid waste (nmsw) and nonhazardous industrial waste. ------- ., ' . 7-.,..r""""'~"''':J''--'''''''---'''--~''''''''''''''''.~~:o.:...;..-.r~.........~...............:... '0 ...,------ ."'" " , -2- ' , The CADL was, first issued a pennit (SW";16) to operate by the MPCA on september 17" 1970. Fran January 1971 through JW1e 1974, CADL accepted , ,carpressectba1es of nmsw. ,In 1976, CADL began operating as a dem::>lition ,waste landfill, accepting only waste associated with dem::>lished structures. ,Approximately 35 percent by volUIie of the '40 acres .for the CADL contains baled nmsw. ' Volatile organic, canpounds (VOCs) \ro1ere' first detected, in the surficial grourid , water beneath the Site in 1983. Since that tine, 31 different VOCs ' (AttaChment 4) have been fow1d within the ground water nonitoring network' (AttachmEmt 5). Downgradient private water supply \Ells consist of two.types, \Ells screened in the surficial aquifer (17 \Ells), and \Ells ,screened in, the' . deep bedrock aquifers (4 \Ells). The bedrock \Ells serve the CENEX facility, Pabst Meat Supp~y Canpany, the Union Camide ,facility, and the NSP facility, ' , (NSP-D). . . . , Available infonnation indicates that a majority, of the downgradient we-lls are screened 'in the surficial aquifer which ranges fran 100 to 300 feet in depth. ,Analysis of ground water sanples fran nineteen downgradient private, \Ells have. shown detectable concentrations of VOCs in eight of the \Ells at the, present' tine. The Minnesota Depart:nent of Health (MDH) has reccmnended'that two private \Ells (Cardin and A. Sachwitz) should not be used as a potable water supply. Eleven private \Ell owners are presently using bottled water paid, for by the PBSL. The MDH is~ued a \Ell drilling advisory in 1985 'for an area east and \8t'eSt of the PBSL which reccmnends that no, new \Ells be constructed in the area ' (Attadment 6). The MPCA has requested the MDH to consider m:xiifYing the \Ell drilling advisory area (Attachment 7) to reflect, given nore infonnation, the ,area inpacted or fOtentia1ly inpacted by the contamination plume. EnforcE!m3nt ,History: , - . -. Pine Bend Landfill, Inc. (PBLI), a wholly-owned subsidicu:y of Browning Ferris Industries, is the owner and peDnittee of the PBSL., Crosby American, . Properties, Inc, :,(CAPI), a wholly-owned subsidiary of .Arrdura CoqJOration, is the owner ~:perinittee of the CADL site. ',,' , .., . , . '; In April~' 198?, Under' the -Miririesota Emrironrnental' Response and Liability' Act: . (MERIA), Pine::Bend Iimdfill, Inc. ,entered into a Response Order by Consent. , ,',':::' ", ! (Consent ordei:) with the MPCA to carry out a RanedialIrnrestigation (RI), , - ""~ --". - ... ; Feasibility Studj ,(FS) anq ResfOnse Action (RA)~' The Consent' Order was amended'. ". -..' ,-,: , on OCtober 23, 1990. Pursuant to that Consent Order, PBLI ~, am::>ng other' '" ' '; things; condutteq an RI (1986), conducted additional RI, activities (1987), .-_. ; conducted a pUmp :'test (1989-90), su1:.mitted a Preliminary Alternatives RefOrt ; (1989), undeItaken' an interim' ground water nonitoring program' (1985-90) and . , ; su1:.mitted an t-m:A approved final RI report in August, 1991. PBLI has also taken I,' or will. ,undertake varioUS ,environrnen~ ,iroprovatents at PBSL as.requiJ:ed by':'~;':::;,'-': ~.<. '::_'~:, i ,'its MPCA oPeratiIlg peDnit including: ,placanent of final coverbn portions of.;,~~,..,~-:- ~".,-" : the landfill tha~ are filled to final elevation, installation of a canbustib1e -- - ':- .' : gas collection sYstan, installation of 'a clay liner and leachate collection, ; syst~ in an~~ion area, and the installation of a surface draiJ:lage, control' , -. .. , i, ': ~ , , . ------- ~ . . -. . ,'... -'. _., - ","._".:'..~_..._.~-~._---";' . ._------.~'.... .......-~ . l ... .A . . .~--- -3- system. In addition, PaLI has provided bottled water fran appro~tely 1986 until the present to a number ,of. nearby residents due to actual or potential: dr~g water con~tion. , . In APril, ,1985, under MERIA, CAPI and the MPCA entered into a, COnsent Order to can:y out RI, FS ~d RA activities. The Consent Order was emended on.. ., . Novanber 25,. 1986. Pursuant to the Consent Order, CAPI has su1:mitted a draft RIfFS report, has' expanded its original. ground water Ironitoririg networ)t, and has,. su1:mitted 'a revised ground water sanpling .plan. On APril 12,:,1990, CAPI'-s ' parent canPanY, Anrlura Corporation, filed for protection under Chapter 11 of the. ; Bankruptcy Code. Due to the bankruptcy proceedings, CAPI claimed it could not' can:y out the teIJT1S of its Consent Order and suspended all activities at the CADI. site. ' ' . , . " " ' .. On August 28, 3:.990, the MPCA issued to CAPI a DeteDnination That Actions Will Not Be' Taken In the Manner and Tine Requested to CAPI for failing to can:y out 'the tenns of its 1985 Consent Order. The MPCA is presently eXpending state ,'superf~ Ironies ,at the s,ite to can:y out work n<:>t being ~f~xmed ~ CAP!. , , A Potential.'Resp:,nsible PartY (PRP) investigation is being cohdutted by the MPCA for the CADL. Claims, have been made for costs incurred ~t ~ CADI. portion, of the .site by the state of Minnesota in the bankruptcy proc~gs of Anrlura ~ Corporatk>n. BrcMning Ferris Industries has guaranteeq the perfonnance of PBLI ; under i~ Response Order by Consent .:~ ' :: ' , . ! ~ . . , " III. 'HIGHLIGHTS OF COMMUNITY PARrICIPATION , ., The Superfund activities at the Site have been followed closely by the local ccmnunity and press. To date, there have been public meeting~, fact sheets, ' update letters and press releases regarding the activities at'the Site., There is an active mailing list of local citizens interested in the activities at the Site. A chronology of past ccmnunity relations activities at the Site is , listed in the Re~ponsiveness Surnnary (AttachITent 8).. .. A public infonnation reposito:ry has been established, in, the, Wescott Branch - - " Librcn:y, of the Dakota County Librcn:y System, in the neighboring city of Eagan, , Minnesota. This is the closest publiclibraxy to the Site.'-'The Administra~ive "-:"'::c":' Record for the Site is located at the main office of' the 'Ml?CAiri St. Paul/::- ~ '..~~ \:. :::.:.-:::,~::: Minnesota. . . . .. . ." '. - -'. .. . .- . ., . -' .. . ..' "" " '... ",... . .....' . ~'.. . . " . ., '.' ,", ...- -.. .. .~. ...... Notice of availability for the Proposed Plan for this operable unit was' .', ' .. published' in the Sun Current (Inver Grove Heights Edition) Newspaper in the .fom of a display ad on May 1, 1991. ,This ad initiated a30 day public carment period. The public cament' period is, ,consil;i~en~,.~1::h,~,_,,~ti~n, 117....(a) ."""',,,~,~,~,,:,,::,:' , Notice of the public, n-eeting held on May 15, 1991,,'was _included. ,- Additio~ly'--'-.;';,:;'" . .:- a news release providing notification of the proposed rareciY and public n-eeting ",,~': .' was sent to interested parties and the press. ' " :",.. . - ------- -. .--.'. ...._.:.....,~~--~.<-~.....J..:...........~.,le~~~...] ". ~ . --::....;,.....~....~.(. .-..-~.' ')q '.a.~.~1. . . .... .... t""""""'''''''''''''''-.;a.........~~""""".--,,,,~,_., -4- A 'public .neeting was held on May 15, 1991, wh~ the MPCA' presented the . alternatives to a group of interested citizens. The Responsiveness Smrmary (Attachrrent 8) addresses speCific ccmnents .raised at the May 15th public. .meeting and during the public ccmnent period. The public ccmnent perioq officially ended May 30, 1991. No forinal request 'for an extension of the public ccmnent period was received by the MPCA. However, due to the low tumout by the residents residing .in.the iIrpacted or potentially impacted area; , a qu.estionnaire was sent to those people, and, therefore, the carment period was info~ly extended. . . IV. . SCOPE AND ROLE OF OPERABLE UNIT . . The activities at the Site have been divided into three operable units (0Us) as follCHi: au 1: au 2: au 3: Pennanent Alternate Water Supply Source COntrol Ground Water Contamination . . 00 1, which is addressed i.i1 this ROD, will provide for the extension of the existing city of Inver Grove Heights municipal water supply into the impacted area east of the Site in order to eliminate exposure pathways as discussed below in section VI. . 00 2, will address source control that will prevent or mi.nbnize the contamination contained in the buried waste fran migrating into the ground .water beneath. the site. This au is currently in the feasibility study phase which is expected to be CC!1pleted by Decanber, 1991.' ' .'. . 00 3, will address the contamination that has DDVed into the ground water and .: . ; . . is tiavel!ng off . the Site. The objective will be to prevent contamination f~ migrating. further and restore ground water quality in the plume area. This 00 is currently in the feasibility study phase which is expected to be caripleted by Dec;!31\ber, 1~9~. ~ . '::. 'j":,.,.: :"~".:'..~"" . .....'" .- ,,"'... . , The canbination of these three discrete actions is' intended to address the ' releases arid threatenect releasesatanct £ran'the Site'.- - " .' ,.. ".'. ., .'. . ....,:.-.,." . . :. . ! . . ...' .... ~.. :~ '. ~. . .-" . : ..'.:. '. ';. : ",-'" :'. ..:~ ',,'c.:' .~'.';' ,'.:c-. ,,' -' .", '"' "'-"".:',.." -,~;;. '. r,~.~-:-:." ~.;-. . ....', :. .:,.;. --;,.".,', ;~i::': .<,~:'" ,<. .;.., ::(:- ; The prima.1:Y objective of OU 1 is to eliminate possible human exposure t;O..~"...,:~~:..;::-:;:~.::;,.-:.:.:; ':,:. : contaminants fran the Site, primarily VOCs;by interrupting the Current exposW:e',". . , pathway that ~er~ves fran ~e of ccmnercial and residential water supply wells: '. ," ,,:..; . ,~, c . downgradient of the Site. ' ".- . ',' .'.' '.. -,' .,,,, '."~'...." . r V.' . SITE ~ZATION. : .' . ~:; ".. -." '.. '. .. : . . . ' . '. '. ..' ~ j ~ problan o~ primaJ:y concem is the VOC contamination in 'ground water 'due 'to '-':""':~:~:"':" :. leachate migr~tirig £ran the Site .:. The Site is the only known: 'sou.rce' of, the ..:-" ;"..' ','<.' ...:~;. . : contarn.inat~o~::of.iground water in the impacted area 'east 'of the Site~ '..',;--::':.:.- .,-: ". . :i""." .; '. . .'."". ------- .- " ---.- !. -...-,-...'.-- . -~. "-~'... ..-' -,:: _.&-_._--............~..........._-~:........._..~~~-~......-....-., '. . -5- . .' Ground water was the only nedium found'to be contaminated off-Site ~t could be . attributable to the Site. With the exception of benzene and the chlorinated.. fluorarethanes, all of these substances identified may be related tc? the . . . .transfonnation of certaincha'nicals to vinyl chloride through ooth chanical and biological'processes. These substances'are found "at locations ooth outside and within ~ boundaries of the Site. The ground water ~ntaminationis nDst' . likely the 'result of precipitation infiltrating though the pemeableolandfill . cover material and canirig in contact. with the buried Waste. SpeCific c:a1'Ip6unds .may also result £ran the d,egradation of waste products. The catp)undS of concern c~ be classified as to carcinogenicity (the likelihood that they may . ! cause cancer in 'humans) . A "Group A canpound" means .that sufficient infonnation exists to classify it as a human carcinogeri. "Group B canpounds" are classified " as probable hmnan carcinogens because sufficient epidemiolOgical' evidence does not exist, but there is sufficient evidence £ran animal studies to support the classification of "probable" human c~inogen. "Group D canpoundsn are not classifiable af!i to human carcinogenicity. The classes of the canpounds of concern are as follows: .', :: '. " ORAL . INHAIATION : : : Chemical Group GrouP: .. Benzene A. A '.' .. 1,1.Dichloroethane C C :. ~:. 1,1 DichJ.oroethylene C C ;.. 1,.2 Dichloropropane B B ; ~ .. Methylene Chloride B B ." " '. Tetrachloroethylene, B B .'. : Trichloroethylene B B .: " ., '.' ;. .. v' 1 Chloride A A .' . my .. All other VOC contaminants that have been found in on and off Site wells are . classified as Group D' catpJundS . .' . . I . . . .. .. .-''''1" "':".'!-- ..... :.. ..0'_"" ..'.".-'-." - '.'-.~..,;..;".' '_:.:J...,,:,,,,~... . . VI ~ SUMMARY OF SITE RISKS . " . . . ", .':.':.'~'~'-"" ~ :"":",--=:"'" ""-"~:~~~.>:'~":':":.;".;~':'::'~~~':'~~:'~;{-"" . . . ,.' .. .' .' 'The foI:ma.1 human health and ecological risk assessnents" fortl1e Site have not:';~';;;'}\7'>;~:';''-''" 'been canpleted as of the writing of this ROD. The MDH published a preliminary. .' . health assesSment for the PBSL in June, 1989. The assessment is' based on.,:.~::.: .:.<.;: ::'.:'::.' ground water qUality data produced between Februaq, 1986 through July, . 1987. .' The. final. heal~ assessment is being drafted by the M:>H at ~e pres~t'~ine..-,..~ "'::". '. . .' ," . \. '. . . . . .-' .. :..',' 'Sampling and' analysis of ground water fran m:mitoring wells and.downgradient.:.<~";.. ..' ... . . residential and camercial wells has occurred s~ 198~ arid .~ntinuesJ;oday:..t:~:C-:~'~:-"':,~ The nonitoring well, residential and ccmneICial ground water nDnitor.ii1g network-""".~~ ." has expanded during this period of tine to the east and northeast of the Site. .' .'.' .' to track the Jrigrating contamination plume. The plume is noving .in an east' ..;. northeasterly direction tCMa.rds the Mississippi' River, approximately one mile .. to the east. On-Site noni toring wells show levels of VOCs in excess of the ------- . -. ~-:."._.--.._"-_..~. . ", -""~' ..- ., ..-,- ,..." """"''''''----_..'''':''''--#-' ...._.~..,,~..-....~...........-~~~~---~.-.~. , -6- ReccmrendecfAllowable Limits (RALs) and the Maximum ContaminantIevels (M:Ls). The RALs and M:Ls, are concentration limits established by the MDH federal government, respectively, for certain substances in drinking water. . There is 'a 'risk of contamination of J:eSidential 1r.'ells by the~ canpounds .as they migrate towards those 1r.'ells.... " . . . '. . Six downgradient. resider1tial and two dCMngradient ccrrmercial 1r.'ells have cons.istently shown detectable conc~ntrations of VOCs over several sampling events. None of the, 1r.'ells have yet to show va: C9ncentrations above the RAIB or the M:Ls for the individual ca11pOWlds. analyzed. . The MDH issued two 1r.'ell advisories (Camin and A. Sachwitz), which advise the 1r.'e11 owner to seek an alteJ:native source of water for drinking and cooking, . because sampling of these wells over several years consistently detected four or m:>re VOCs in the wells. The MDH refers to this situation as "multiple contaminant exposure". These two 1r.'ells have had detectable and elevated concentrations of the following canpounds: . 1,1 trichloroethane cis-1,2 dichloroethylene ' 1,1 dichloroethane 1,2 dichlorothane chlorofoIm toluene . chlorinated fluoranethanes ethyl ether . Concentrations of the Freons in these wells were found to be increasing with time but are presently below RALs for those canpounds. The presence and 'concentrations of the other ca11pOWlds have fluctua~ over time. The health concern fran contaminant exposure to even low levels 'of these types of . canpounds stans in large part fran the lack of scientific data regarding the additive, or synergistic effects of several canpounds being ingested at the same time. ., In addition, 1,2 dichlorOethane and chlorofoDn are classified as . . "probable" human :carcinogens. The USEPA has deteDnined that there is ~ sa~e . threshold for,. exposure to carcinogens. ' ,... ". ... ..' . ~..-:-, ,... .'...:'......, ,-,..'...':;'"':..'''.'.:''''''' -:: .:,' ""'-'..,.~',,:.,.......,,..::.....A...;..,:. . . ! ' The other four residential wells have shown detectable concentrations of ,VOCs 10'-;' -, ',-.-' ~,.,..,,:"." ' but have not shoWn concentrations in excess of RALs or in quantities exceeding' '.. " .' '" ' 'fOur or rore ~ontaminant detections per sampling event. Hydrogeological"data':':; "':":::,.,., "~", , for the site indicates that the ranaining downgradient private 1r.'ells and the ',.'> '" "';"'" , NSP-S well;' all of , which havenot shown contamimition in the Past, 'ha~ the. ",<'.',.' , p:>tential to beccine contaminated because there is strong indication that they. . ' ; are in the path of the plume. All of the owners of the residential 1r.'ells except ,', ' ,:' , : "', : the Pine Bend, MJ~el are being provided bottled water paid for by PBLI. , ., :: .:. i . ..'., . ":':.,7:, ....~-, ~".,'~' -, ". '. '.' " . "'. .'.' ~.. -"'.~"_"'>"""'.i.::::~': :1~"..':.~~~I' ':£!"-:"J..:..T..:r~;:=:-':',-':":~'-"".:~-:o-~;:~~;.:.,' . ~ downgradi~nt ~~cannerCial 1r.'ells, ,Pabst Meat and CENEX' (Attac1lrnl3nt'S) /: have:. , .. ~': :: ~~i'< shown detectable:concentrations of vex:: contaffiination consistently"over several ',-. sampling eVents.: The canpounds appearing in these wells are as foliows: . . :,' . ;.. ~~ . . '. -,,:' ~ . ~ ';;",:... "'.~' ~ ,~ . ,'r (Fmons ) . ' ~ " '. ' !: ~ .. ", . . . " - - .., . , . .~.' -- ------- (j .,.---.~ . '.- ...... ~""",-,,,,,~-'-'~~~.:.-...............:.~--~_..---...-......-.-_._' . . . "'-.-" - ~. n.: .... ". ...-'..-...-. ~7- CENEX Trichlorofluoranethane Dichlorofluoranethane Dichlorodifluoranethane Pabs~ M:!at Supply Co. Dichlorodifluoranethane' , Methlylene Chloride 1,1 Dichloroethane 'Dichlorofluoranethane These two wells are deep, double-cased, bedrock wells. Contalni.ruition is suspected to be migrating ~ the side of the casing due to ~ poor armulus ' , . seal of cement grout. The RI report gives no ~cation of the direct vertical ' migration of canpounds to the bedrock aquifers beneath or in :the,vicinity of the Site. The two wells are Considered public water supplies, and, therefore; are analyzed for, contaminants annually by the MDH in addition to' sampling and analysis of the wells by PELI' s .contract laborato:ry. Due to their status as a public water supply, Max.iJTnJm Contaminant ~ls (M:Ls) .rather than RAT..s are used for water quality criteria. None of the Cuul-vund's concentrations exceed M::Ls. The MDH does not consider the consumption of the water, supplied by' these ,wells as a human health risk. The Union Carbide well and the NSP-D well are also deep, double~ased, bedrock wells. ,These two wells have never shown contamination consistently. The Union' Carbide well is a public water supply well, whi~e the NSP...D well is used for fire suppression a:uy. . . ,," In slUTl'la.1:Y, none of the downgradient resideritial wells that show" detectable: concentrations of VOCS possess concentrations that exceed RAT..s at the present' time. However, two of the wells do show the presence of four' or nore VOCs, , levels of Freens' appear to be 'rising and multiple exposure is a health concern~ , . " ,,' Continued use of bottled water by these well CMIlers will minimize the risk fran in~stion, however, bottled water is not a pemanent solution to the drinking ',' ..,~, .'" water problEm~ None of the dCMIlgradient ccmnercial wells are considered. to be " , at risk' at this time. ,~ .:, ' " " , .., . ." . .. ~VII. DESCRIFl'I,ON OF ALTERNATIVES' ,.. Five ranedial action alternatives have been identified for OU 1 as follC7WS: , .~ ... Alternatiye ,1: ..,No actiC?n. , ,'" ... Alternative 2: Extension of tJ:te city of Inver Grove Heights existing ~cii?a1 , water supply into the impacted area. , Alternative 3: ConstI:Uction of a ccmmmi.ty water supply systan to' ,service the impacted 'area. ' Alternative 4: Constroction of a new well for each impacted well owner. Alternative 5: Relocating impacted or potentially impacted private well owners outside of the impacted area through the purchase of their property. ' ------- , , '.. ......... i..... .. , , L ~'....~...-._~~~~ 'I"fr ---.---.. ._..,._~.:-....... -~~. -8- Alternatives 4 and 5 will be' el.iJni.nated fran further analysis. Alternative 4 would require a well, to be constructed for each well that is impacted or' is in ,the path of the contamination plume. In 1985, the MDH issued a well drilling' adviso1:}F for the area presently, inJ:acted and areas 'that may be in ,the path of " the plume. The adviso1:}F discourages water wells to be constructed in this area due to the potential for producing a contaminated well or' contami:J1ating deeper", , ground water when drilling. ' Aleo, this alternative is not considered a ' ' pe~nt solution because the wells would need to be IIDnitored indefinitely. Therefore, Alternative 4 is not considered effective or implarel)table, and is less 'Protective of 'hmnan health than Alternative 2 or 3. ' ,', Alternative 5 would be considered only after exhausting ,other ranedies." It has the greatest difficulty of implanentation of all the options, and the greatest , inJ:act on ,the affected residents. 'After discussing Alternative 5 with ~everal of the residents, it was deteJ:Jnined that the majority of them would not want to , sell their property and relocate. For this :reason, Alternative 5 is nOt considered implanentable or desirable. , , In the sUJT'l"ler of 1990, the MPCA, the city of Inver Grove Heights, PBLI, Dakota County and Browning Ferris Industries entered into discussions concerning the installation of a pennanent alternate water supply in the inJ:acted area east of the Site. As a result of those discussions and MPCA l)egOtiationswith PBLI to amend its original Response Order by Consent, a focused FS was done in O=tober 1990 to identify alternativeS and their respective costs for an, al t~te water system. The focused FS was financed by PBLI. ~ addendums to - ,the fOCUS(d FS weJ;e carpleted in Novanber, 1990. Alternative i-No .Action j , The no action, ,al ternatiw consists of the downgradient residential well CMners in the impacted area continuing to use bottled water as their potable water' supply. Their wells would continue to be' sampled by the RPs of ' the Site inde~initely. This alternative is not protective,of hUman health and is not an effective or acceptable pennanent remedy., This alternative will not , ' be considered' or ~evaluated further. ' "Alternative,'2"'--ExtE3nSionof MllUcipal Water Into the Impacted Area " , .. , " .~. ," " ...:.-..' ,;.. ',.... ; ...;.. i:." ...;: .' "~'."" _0',,; ;:' ". .'~' ',' . . The focused FS originally identifierl-tlu.~ 'alte~atiVe as a six inch water 'line that would de~d-end in the impacted area and serve only those' residents' and , businesses in~the impacted area. During discussions between the city of Inver : Grove Heights, the'MPCA, PBLI, and ,Dakota County, the city detennined .that its : water system could only be extended if it met certain' design :requiranents. The, , city wanted'the system extended in a way that would allow other users nqt affected bY the Site's contamination, to connect to the extension. The city also required.:'that the sys:tem have the capacity to provide fire protection (fire hydrants and larger water mains), and, the system needed to be looped 'rather than a dead-end system. The loOped system was needed to decrease, .. the holding time of the water in the system, thereby, ,mcUntaining water quality Jrore effectively.'than a dead-end 'type of system. ' The last con~tion o~ the , '.. . ~.. ~ ".. . ------- " ..-..- ..- ..- - . c:; , . .. .... ..:. ...-,T _. ",,,,,,,,,'......~.cr~,'';',-'.'1'':'~~'''';';''~,,,,,-,-q-':'''~. ".j if~ ';.~.......--...;......:-.-:.;.--=--.....-..' r-r ~,,:",,-~---,----- " ' -9- , '~ity was that the RPs for the Site would be :required to pay the city the difference between the am::nmt of II'Oney the city would collect, in user fees (water bills) £ran users connected to the extension and the actual'Cost of Operation and Maintenance (O&M) of the extension on an annual, ba~is. , ' , ' , ' , , Addendum 1 to ,the focused FS studied the options for providing fire,protection ' to the area. Addendum 2 investigated the feasibility of a looped systan. . .' . , ' , .. Alternative 2 will involve the following: Extension of municipal,'water into, the " impacted area in a looPed s}tstan fashion (Attachment '9). The, systan will ' contain a bCx:>ster pump which will aid in c.iIculating water through the lOOPed " systan irore rapidly than would noJ:Inally occur, thereby, decreasing the holding t1roe of the water within the loop. This will maintain water quality within the : , lOOPed extension. There will be anple storage capabilities which are already , built in to the existingmui1iciPai systan. The RPs of the Site will construct : the extension, connect the residents' hanes/businesses to the systan, pay the cost associated with relandscaped lawns, etc., and pennanently seal the priVate -wells that will be taken out of service by this extension. Water use'by the, residents/businesses conneCted to the systan will be metered by the city. The issue of whether water bills will be the responsibility of the property owners ' or the RPs of the Site has not been resolved. The city would own, 'operate and ma'intain- the extension. At the present t1roe, water treatment by~the citY ' consists of the addition of chlorine, fluoride, and sodium silicate which prevents the precipitation of minerals frem the water in the ,Water, lines. The city is cons~dering the construction of a water treatmant fac.ility which will rerrove the majority of minerals found in the city's water supply: The cost of Alternative 2 is 'estimated as follows: ' , ' Capital Cost: Armual O&M: ' EstiInated Present WOrth: , Implementation T1roe: $2,131,300 $30,350 $2,649,499 ito2years , ~ (~<"~, i,mated: present worth was calculated u~ing an estiInated annual inflation r. ''''f 4.1 percent and ~ :thirty year period of analysis.) '.'.-,~ ,." "'.. _...'- ',.'. ' Altel:-' -ive 3 ~'Construction ofa'Ccmnu.nity'Water, Su~ly Systan":"':!:"'''''' .:. .", ..:.>~ ~".:":~'...';..: ":""'. '....:.;'" ':.'~". .:....';:'~--..-_." ,""''''''.''';..:.'_. ..:-..' ., .~:;'~.:~..~.-.:.. This i: ' i.. ve will consist of the construction of bNo double-cased, bed.roCk .wells (l, a backup),' and a water distribution systan consisting of a ' pumphoUs6->ter mains (Attachment 10). The water P.1.oouced by the wells .will no~ be . -: any manner. ,The distribution systan will be a "dead-end system" which J to contribute to pOor water- quality by increasing the holding t1roe of ~., ' "l thin the systan. , There would be limited storage capabilities.' ,The h.: ;f the Site will coristruct'the systE!"ri;connect the ,',:-.. ..'" ~ residents' hanes/businesses to the systanr pay the costs associated with . , -., rel~dscaped lawns, etc., and pennanently 5~1 the private wells that ,will be taken out of service by this systan.' , The RPs of the Site would own, operate, and maintain the systan. ,Water use would not be netered. There would be no water bills charged to the residents/businesses connected to the systan,. .The cost of Al ternati ve 3 is estimated as follows: ' , . ' .' .' ,,' . ,'.., .. .. . ' . . , - . ':'- ' ------- . --"'-".~._10~__.."..~. ...~. '. . ,:' . , - , L , .. r , ' .-10-' . Capital Cost: Annual O&M:.' Estimated Present Worth:. ImplenentationTime : $900,500. . $16,539 $1,183,052 1 to 2 :years , , ' . (Estimated present \*JOrth Was calculated using an estimated annual ,inflation rate of 4.1 percent and a thirty :year period of analysis.) VIII: SUMMARY OF '!HE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS The nine criteria used for evaluating the :raredial alternatives listed above . include: overall protection of hmnan health and the envirorment; canpliance. with ARARs; long-t:enn effectiveness; reduct~on.in toxicity, Irobility, and' volune; short tenn effectiVeness; ilrplenentability; cost; USEPA and ccmnunity acceptance. The advantages and disadvantages of each' alternative were canpared to identify the alternative providing the best balance aJ'OC)ng the nine criteria. Overall protection of hmnan, health and the enviroriment. Alternatives 2 and 3 are protective of human health because they each provide' a safe~ pe.x:manent,potable water supply to affected residents and cC:mnercial businesses. The alternatives do not protect, the env~nment but neither are they detrimental. The other CUs for the Site will address the " release of contaminants fran the Site and will be protective of the environment. Canpiiance with ARARs. . , . 'The tenn "ARARs" is derived fran the Superfund ArneJ'ldrrent and Reauthorization Act, , of 1986, which ,requires thatre!redial ~ctions meet legally applicable or ' :, ., . ~." . relevant and appropriate requirements of other environmental laws. A "legally applicable" requi.ren'ent is one which \*JOUld legally' apply to the response action if that action were not taken pursuant to Sections 104, 106 and 122 of CERCrA. A "relevant and appropriate" requiranent is designed to apply to problems sufficiently similar that the action is relevant to the situation and appropriate,to take. 'There are' three classes 'of 'ARMs';" Chanical':'specific /'" " -, . " , ..' , , ' Action-specif~c, ,and Wcation-speci,;i.c,..,"~e~~s9t::a"E.nv.ironmental,Re~nse,:,;:-.,;~,;,-,-,,::.:' , and Liability~Act: (MERrA) defines aremedial.,action ,as a, pen.n.anent action 'n~~', ,-'~",:"", ' to protect' public health or welfare 'or the environment. In selecting'; ra!Edial""', ":~':<~'~::'" actions und~r,' MERIA, MPCA takes into account the envirornnental requiranents, that, " ,'>." apply to a 'pai1:iqular release or threatened release ,as well as requirenents or':: ':-', !,:,.;". : standards the' apply to sufficiently similar circumstances that \*JOuld be' , reasonable to" canply with in order to protect p.1blic health or welfare or the Ql1vironment. ;; MPCA refers to these requiJ:eIents arid standards' as ARARs. ; ... . :,',.,~, t ~:', , ,', " ';~ >- "<""';-:' -.. - --:' .-:' --i:::',~'C;:; ~~ ':"~'" . - - -:. ,':; ~'..: '-:-:'-~, :,:. " ' : ARARs are ~xpected to be net with Alternative 2. 'MARs'will be associated with ' meeting the applicable: requirarents of the Safe Drinking Water Act 'in the forin , of state drinking water standards, or M:Ls. Presently,MDH requires the' ': sampling arid analysis of the City's water supply syst:.en for bacteria a .miriimum . of 12 ti1Tes per year. MDH reguiressampling and ~ysis of the City's water system. for other, contaminants such as VOCs, once every fifteen (15) rronths ~' '" Contaminant concentration must be below the M:Ls regUlated' by the MDH for,"": municipal, public water supplies. ", ' . '.. . " , , ", ------- , ' .' "":' ... . -........--.---.. - - ~..- "--.._W """"r~"---"'--!""--""""~";'-~ . ..' .:" , . " ' . . -11- . All ARMs 'are expected to be net with Alternative 3. The alternatiVe would . : requirt3 the construction of two wells and a: water distribution systanr. The wells ~d have to be constructed in the present well Construction Advisory Area established by the MDH in 1985. The wells would be allowed :00 be ' . ' , co~tructed provided they neet certain design criteria such as double casing. Construction plans are reqUired to be revieWed and approved by the MDH. Sarrpling ahd analysis of the well water would ,be required upon ccirpletion of well construction and then at..a Jriinimum of once every three years. Analysis would be for the same canpotmds as the City's municipal system in Alternative 2. . , . proper construction of, the wells would be regulated by the Dakota, County' ,Public' Health Department as per the Minnesota Water Well Construction Cooe and Dakota " County well Construction and Abandonment Ordinance No. 113. The 'construction of . the distributiqn system and the connection to the buildings 'WOuld be regulated by the Minnesota Plumbing Code and any other local or state plumbing law, , ordinance, rule or regulation that is enforced by the city. ,.,' " once the' alternate water system in Alternative 2 'or 3 is constrUcted, 'the Minnesota Plumbing Code, Section 4715.0310, gives the city the authority to require connection to the system by residents and businesses 'in the ,impacted' area and the pemanent sealing of the private wells serving the properties by a state' licensed water well contractor. 'The city haS not used this authority in the past. and has stated that it will not use this authority ~ this .particular . situation., ;' ': ' IDng-tem effectiveness and pennanence. Both Alternatives, 2 and 3 would be protective of human health'due to the system distributing water fran an uncontaminated source that would be chemical~y , nonitored by the MDH on a regular basis. Either alternative will provide a pemanent solution to the drinking water problem. However, neither addresses, " .. '" -'" the actual contamination in the ground water. The ground water contamination . will be addressed by qu#2 and 00#3. ' J, , . .. Reduction of toxicity, nobility, or volurre. ,'. 'The water source for Alternatives 2 and 3 will be the city's mUnicipal .wells -""-"""'.~"""':_'''-''' and two deep~ double cased bedrock wells, respectively. The alternate sources '. , '." . will eliminate the U$e of the shallow ground water in the impacted area 'as "a..":':;,"~'"~''''~''':~'' potable water supply. The alternatives do not reduce the toxicity, nobility,.:::-,",;,,:.','". or volurre' of the contaminants . H~r au #2 and, #3 will address these . ' .issues. ' . :','.: . ,: , ., ",' ':~':~. "",0;; ~.,:,;: -t'r<'-."~, :."';",.:.~, !,;':.. Short-tem effectiveness. ." ". .- ,- ' .. . ".,:",,"........;.... '..-r.', , . - . It is anticipated that the .implarentation of Altematives 2 and 3 Can . ocCur' " ,,', > ..-. within one construction season. The installation of the distribution system.>~,~...::;~:t::~::,;,- will create dust, inconvenience due to possible autaTObile 'traffic delays: '" ..". ," because of the installation of the systsn along roadways, and may.require . .. resooding due to the installation of the water lines under lawns. -No ' ' , short-tex::m environmental or health effects are foreseen. The action . will take place entirely off-site, with no potential for a contamination' release fran the Site. The water distribution line is' not expected to 'transverse any wetland or other sensitive ecosystan. ------- . . .~.~_....... ''''~.'''-_._',~ ....~ ...-...'t'~'-~''''''~''''''~~~''~' . '. . .'.f ... .,.." -,".. ....- . "-..' '.' . . I -12- Implemantability . Alternative .2 offers advantages Over Alternative 3 in, tenns 6f technical' . feasibility. Altemative 2 is an extension of an existing water distribution system, therefore, the engineering design may" be IiOre sllnplifieci". Alternative 3 requires design of a new. system; including new wells 'and a. distribution . system. Both are proven technologies .that are feasible. Altemative 2. presents potential administrative problems because' approval by the city of Inver Grove Heigh~ City Council is necessaIy. .' The seJ:Vices and materials neceasaIy to construct Altemative 2 and 3 are readily available. It ,is' . ~ative that all activities be overseen by the city engineer. . Cost. Altemative 2 Alterruiti~ 3 Capital cost: Annual 0 & M cost: Estimated present w::>rth: Support agency acceptance. $2,131,000 $ 30,350 $2,649,499 . $900,500' $ 16,539 $1,183,052 The USEPA believes that Altemative 2 - extension of the city's'existing municipal water supply - presents the best balance am::>rig the nine evaluation criteria. It is USEPA, Region V, policy to encourage extension of existing wat~ supplies. ~ creation of new ones for Superfund. rarecliation. Ccmnunity acceptance. . . .The p.tblic generally accepted Altemative 2, because they felt lTOre confident. with the city owning and operating the altemate system, they 'were apprehensive about the location of the two water supply wells profX)sed in Altemative 3 being in close proximity to the Site, and felt that the city's system w::>u1d produce water of . better quality than water provided by Alternative 3. However, ,. they expressed scme concerns regarding the payment of, water bills' as proposed' '. in Alternative 2. See the attached Besponsiveness S1.JIYI11aIY ~or ad~t~;iled...... .., ,',... '.. discussion of.caments received.. . ' , ",,,,,,,, '. ...... '''...... ,-,.."" . "'---.'" ".- , '. . '. 0' '. IX. THE s~ REMEDY . . -'.: ".. .,,'- '. -::. ._"".'~"-';.;.-::':':~'''''~7''''':-'' ':-~ :,."-.."-,';~:.~;'.-;,,; -.-~- . . . ~ . ., . The selected ~E!(lledy to provide a peDnanent, alternate water supply is " .....,' Alternative 2;' the extension of the existing City of Inver Grove Heights '." municipal Water ~upply into the impacted area. ' . . .' '. . . .:~. :' ',t.' ":':"0''': ,\..:".{. ,:"::.....I'.~ ::.,.' '. "." ......., "'Y...-,'. . :.; . . .:. ...:.. : The goal of the iaredial action is to provide residents and bUsinesses, who - ; possess water',' supply wells located ~gradient of the Site and screened in ~e ..--:-_c,;-_...:-:- ; surficial agulfer, with a safe, peDtianent, alternate water supply. The private' " '. . . wells that this ienedial action will replace must be peDTlanently sealed in ' .' '. ; order for thi~. rSrnedy to be effective. . .,' '. .' , . . , ------- ,; q . . . .. ............- ,". -. ,. :. ~ . . .: . - ~ "r' T' ------- - . . . . ..' ._._0_" ...:t.;.-"~"""",:.,,,,,,,,,,,,---~ -13- ' Altemative 2 will invol~ the extension of an existing municlpal water sysi:.an into the impacted area in a looped Systan fashion, and the connection of ' seventeen (17)' hanes and businesses to the systan. The systan will contain a booster punp which will, aid in c~ating water throUgh the looped system ro:re quickly than wOuld othendse occur with nonral water use, thereby, dec:reasirig the holding'tine of the water within the loop. This will maintain ,water , quality' within the looped extension. , " ' . .", . ,The RPs of the Site will construct the extension, connect the residents hanes/businesses 'to the systan, relandscape lawns" ete., and PenTIanently seal ' the private wells that will be taken out of service' by this extension. Water use by the residents/businesses cormected to the system will be metered by the city. The issue qf whether water bills will be the responsibility of the , property owners or the RPs' of the Site has not been resolved", The city would own, operate and maintain the extension. ' ' ' At'the present tiIre, water, treatment by the city consists of the : addition of chlorine; fluoride, and sodium silicate which prevents the precipitation of minerals fran the water in the water lines. The city is considering the construction of a water treatment facility which will rarovethe 'It'ajority of minerals' found in the city~s water supply. -, ' Presently, MDH requi.rE!s the sampling and analysis of tl1e City; s Water supply, system for bacteria a minimum of twelve (12) times per year. MDH requires sampling and analysis ,0£ the City's water syst.em for other ccmpound::; such as VOCs, once every fifteen (15) m:mths. Catpound concentrations 'must be , heleM the M::Ls regulated by the MDH for municipal 'public water supplies. The construction of the distribution system and the cormection to the buildings would be regulated by the Minnesota Plumbing Code and any other local or s~te plumbing law, ordinance, rule' or regulation that is enforced, by, the city.,' , The associated costs for Alternative 2 are shown in Attachments 11 and 12. . x. STA1UIDRY DETERMINATION , ' .' ., .". " '. .1, ..' . ..; - .:.: .,- . .. .' ..." ,,'.' 'The iroplenentation of Alternative 2 at the Site satisfies the requiranents of S~tion,l~l (a to e)ofCERCIA as deta~~~ICM. ' ., . . - Protection of H\JI'Ian Health and the Environment Implenentation of the selected' alternative, and the subsequent sealing of the private wells that will he replaced by the alternative, 'will eliminate the , , potential risks to human health fXJsed by e>q;X)S\lI:e to contaminated ground water through ingestion, inhalation, and dennal contact. The L~I~ for this' , operable unit is not intended to address p:rotec t ion of the envirorunent. Operable units 2 and 3 will address the release o,f contaminants fran the Site . ,and, will be protective of the envirorunent. ' Attai.ranent of Applicable or, Relevant and Appropriate Requirarents. ------- .. . ~ . ", ... .~, ''t. .." ,..". " .. ... " '1 "t" .lid. --"-;""--."'''-'-''---' . ' .",:- ...-~, ,-, -...... ""-";"~' I. " -14- \I , , . , . MARs are expected to be met with Alternative 2. ARARs Will be associated with meeting the applicable requiranents of the Safe Drinking Water.Act in the fom of state drinking water standards, or M:Ls. Presently, MDH requires ,the' sanpling and analySis of the City's water supply Systan for bacteria a minimum of twelve (12) times per year. MDH.requires sanpling and analysis of the City's water syst~ for other carp:>unds such as VOCs, once every fifteen (15) IIDnths. Canpound concentrations must be below the M:Ls regulated by the MDH for mUni<:i~ pmlic water supplies. ' . Cost Effectiveness, , . Although the .capital and operational costs of the Alternative 2 exceed the cqsts. of Alternative 3, Alternative 2 will IIDre effectively supply a potable water supply to the area. The lower costs associated with Alternative 3 are due to. the downsizing of the Watennai.ns, the smaller overall size of the systan, and the elimination o£ watennain looping. ' Utilization of PeJ:manent Solutions The MPCA and the USEPAbelieve that the selected remedy represents a peDTlanent solution to. provide an alternate water supply to the area downgradient 6f the Site. Bottled water, in use at the present t:iJne, will ,be eliminated. The municipal systan will be in operation for, as long as the City exists. ,The , selected alternative does not address the actual contamination in the ground water. The ground water contamination will be addressed by 00#2 ~ 00#3. The selected alternative - Extension of municipal water into the impacted area - represents the best balance am:>ng the evaluation criteria used to evaluate the ranedies. Based upon the infoDnation available, the. MPCA, and the USEPA believe the. selected alternative wOuld be cost-effective, protective of public health,' iIrplStentable, pennanent and canply with ARARs. .. . :"-~' ,0 "..,: " .' - . r ~ ,;. ,..' #0' -- .' '. - .. .' 0. - " .' . .. -' -... .,.' .. . i" , - " . ------- ATTACHMENT 1 PINE BEND SANITARY LANDFILL/CROSBY AMERICAN DEMOLITION LANDFILL .. .. Anoka County I d Washington County. I I , -"- Hennepin County'. 1= I I C'-r -oJ Carver .County r;Q CJ I [J ... o 1'. I Scott County I o Dakota . ~ County " ------- ~ r- . ii ;j ! ST PAUL f , , - --.- I I I I . I Co. APPL E ROSEMOUNT VA L LEY Rd. Jf2 N ATl'ACHMENT 2 LOCAT 10 N MAP . ------- /!;05-n+ .$T:....-- N - o ,1000 2000 APPROXIMATE SCALE IN FEET OM.11A HILL. SCHNABEL. M,350 WEBER. ~. . CAP.S TSCHIDA. . 0:rO ~iP-4 SUB. GAS. \ '. CAP.5 . MALCOLM , CAP.1 fL- \\ CAP.1"CAP.5B n M. SACHWITZ ~ . P,B, MOTEL CAP.90 . BEYERS ~::i2" J EP.\,,~ .~UC~~~ \ . ~&1 ,0 ~AP S < . OHMAN . ~ :&CM'3 CAP.2 .$PA.9 . . CAROl ~ ,I EJ PINE BEND LANDFill, INC, t~:\,~:~;.!.~.~7:~":/~::~~:~:~~:~~Y !. CAP-8B,A.SACHWIT2. :~;~~ ~ ~ .R'POLKljHOR~~ i '::,:, PROPERTIES ,',:,.. :::, ;.'"',,, :::. ;.',:", II L SACHWITZ I \' I /..,1 1':~:~'~';<'/~';/~):\(.:>:',:~~\/,r-/ o:~.d SI~ON ~U, '. ~\ ,.'I: ~ '- ': ::,,::,<'::;:\'/'::'::'::::,"I:;:';;'::~:5A' kij.s ~ O. J, POLKINGHORNE , \ ,) ~ " ",'."" " ",,',"" .' ';:J pj......7 V M26 0 " :(', ~ ! r;;;~:',('r~j:~'{:::;\('::::'::;'/:o<)i \,:;j " . M.38 \ \ "oIl ~ ;' t.::..:': :,.': ::.,::~'eN,r(: :,,:: :.:::,: ':-:'::.:': '0', ~ ~ -;. ~', 0 0 , .,:,::.:.::;i2~'6::'::-.:":':;;';":";',:;,;,,,,:; P"':'P!K/;;f' NSP.D" " ; r: \ \, \\ r:~~~~/,:::,::rJ:/iJ(iJ ~~:~'19Y\ PABST ~ \ \ "~ II: //7 T ::5TAf£. 8 . JESSE \ ''\ \ \ LEGEND o MONITORING WelL . PRIVATE RESIDENTIAL WELL . PRIV ATE PRODUCTION WELL ~."'!t,.".,. ~ CROSBY.AMERICAN PROPERTIES (CAP) :to ~ :I: ~ ~, W o M-31 '\ .SAVAGE M.130 M.410 FIGURE 1 WELL LOCATION MAP PINE fiENO LANDFILl,lNC, INVER GROVE HEIGHTS, MINNESOTA "'''''GERAGHTY AYe MILLER,INC. ~":I1.;,.",,,,,,,,,.'s,,..j,,, -:F.'.~~ ..t. " ------- SEN! Parameters Dichiorodifiuoromethane Methyl Ethyl Ketone . c,p,n>xylene Acetone Methylene chloride Ethyl benzene Ethyl ether Trichlo'rofluoromethane 1 1,1,1-Trichloroethane 1 ,1 ,2-TrichIoroethylene 1,1-Dich'.oroeth8ne 1 ,1 ,2,2-Tetrschloroethylene c>1,2-Dichloroethvlene Vinyl Chloride Toluene Benzene 1 ,2-Dichloropropane t-1 ,3-Dichloro-1 -propane Methyl. isobutyl ketone 1,1 Dich'loroethylene • t-1 ,2 DichloroetKylene 1 , 1 ,2-Tr ichlorotrifluoroethane 1 ,3-Dichloropropane 1 ,1 ,2,2 Tetrachloroethene 1 ,1 ,1 ,2-Tetrachloroethane 1,2 -Dichlcroethane 1,1,2-Trichloroethane c-1 ,3-DichIoro-l-propene Dibromochloromethane Chloroform RAL's WCL's (ufl/D ! (UB/I) i , i 1 000! 300! 1000C 700 50 700 1000 2000 600 I • 200 ' 70i 1 0.1 1000 2 10! 5 5l . 300i • i 2 i ' 20 ! 4 ! 3 10 60 • 5 . Observed Concentration (U9/H 1300 700 580 430 880 290 260 190 87 76 76 72 82 70 42 28 25 18 12 11 10 7.5 7.1 2.4 2.4 3,9 1.5 1.5 1.5 6 ------- , I WH~ AU.ItA.'" - .e;} r '0 Ja'FRES. ~ ',: \J I , HAWKINS :]8:SON ~ "', 0 .JNDUSmIAl~EJ1VIces ! : } :1 : SatHABB...o ' , 0 ' .AEamlGAL i \} I :. ! Jill. . BIGELBACH, " . . 0 ,:., ii.!; i 1SCttIOA. 80no M-350 r----= ~tI ' WEBER. : Iv,,: IF.GEND . '...) ~ rta::'l S\J8,GAS~CAP\'*. .MALCou.. :I! ! r\..' 0 SHAL1.0WDRIFT -----;;?8EYEJ1S C~'I ~ ." '~';fs1Jl' MSACHWITZ . ~.~~i'EL , : 1\\\ lj: '\ MOHITORINGWF,lI. «:AM ~ ~iN l" . 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(J ':Y~::::\£l~~~~;::{:/:;{r;;:'~ "15~ \ ;. 1: \\ \ '"I j ,,:,,:'!",~:~:,-'~:,':':':",~::":,-'::::':ij '8 M-71A~. eCetex ~- ,..\.. .. ,r ": ': "~:;,:'.'" :,.:',~ .:::.;','.' :l:'"~' p.,v.~:" . M,14A UfIItOH M 218 ,--, '\ ". \ ' ::'::'::':',?';::,:::~::::,:,::.:?\,::':~:?-f . ~ :~,:::':?:: c ~. M-34 .,.. r-, I '-... ,.r,", "","..',", ""'_''''/1[' ,,".....f, .,.M.:JS ARBIOE -l I . -I \' . ri:::"':~:'::;::::'~:::~"':~:';:::~:'?'::l:- /::::'~::::::~"I ~' ; ,\ ~r ~\ ,\ ] i\ f.. : ;,,:':':.::/,~ :0'" :;-,:-;:,:;/;. '''''r:,::/,: '-or. ;".:-a ::J ,,~ '../ l,:;;:',~i1:~.tj,:~X;;.:::.~~:':~~{~~t" l;-.~;':~~,::)I 8 ~ '\ I 1".\ ", "',..':,,..:,,",' ":.',r~,:'.":::', """:~"-' PABST :; ~ I " ~":1A~':--='~':":":'.~~ 'M-8::"~;" 0 '. ~ - \:\ : '11 0 8JESU \. ""'. / ~: " \ '--:....- ~ "\ ,'-'\ "- :', ') :', ;! \ .i~\", I ,fWOERAGmy ~ At'S Mfi.LF.R. INe. 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'-1101"'111'1 -' ~ XOCII nHllI£lW pnOI'UI n ~~ ~. ...OOlTIOIIIII. COUM"I1'.:IIt., PAOPEn1Y EJ .' RESIDENTIAl'PRQPEl1r'j I AGRlCI.ILTURA" Pf!(:!'fflT o'i OPEH SPt,CE !("II1tE' 1.106--''''' ......_- I'"'' " "'8P'GERAGHTY A.,.& MJLLER. INC. ~ l..,~#......~,.. J.....I... " -Ul <()!10 U] m z ~ OJ -< X CD "'" <> . x --f CD . CD ' n <> "0 ... CD "'" -:J ~ ~ U] . 1 ; ~ 0)' I U] ..... ".. .:.:- ~ m \.= . . .~ -:J . ------- 11II1II STREE'f EAST .. ~""GF.RAGIn-v A.,,& MIIJ,ER. INC. A,;'"",.'..r",.' ,...,... LE~ ,,-- 0.. ~ f.TI no ~ ~~ C'=:] ~ ~ , 2000 400D o - AI'PROXIMA TE SCAI .. ItHRI RAn..ROAO WATER-FILLED 'DEPRESSION cnOSBY.AMmICAN rnOPF.nnES PPI PINE BEND LANDfn 1. ItlC, PROPt:RT'Y SlCD RICH V AllJ:Y LANDFII.L PROPEn-n KOCH REFINERY PHOJ'IiIl1Y ADOITION.t.lOOtlMF.J1t.',U p'tOPEmy RESIOENnAl PROP"JHV I AGmCULTURAL PROf'ERJYI OPEN SPACE SICUACI:: ~"'IIII"'-' 11W7J .. LAND USE I'IN[ -10 _rAIII' tlWllf1U. tNYER GRD\If; HEIGIfIS, MlNN£sorA flGlJ1lr: (JJ rn :z -j 1 OJ -< .. x ~ "' o X -j ~ CD o o u .... CD "' -:J o ~ -- CD . , ~ 01 I (D -- ... -- ...:I ~. 2 , I I , .1 ~\ g ; ~ ---I ~U1t 0)' ,~! ~j 0) i 0) : .. 0) " ------- 'cJ .....,£0 sr"'l: ~. f'", iftTt ~$~ "<"-J. ..~ 1'...( PA01t.c. UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY REGION 5 230 SOUTH DEARBORN ST. CHICAGO. ILUNOIS 80604 REPLY TO A1TENTION OF: 5RA-14 SEP 3 0 1991 Charles w. williams Commissioner Minnesota Pollution 520 Lafayette Road st. Paul, 'Minnesota control Agency 55155 Dear Mr. williams: The United states Environmental Protection Agency (U.s. EPA) hereby concurs in the remedy identified in the enclosed Record of Decision (ROD), which was compiled by the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) for the pine Bend Sanitary Landfill site. - , Our concurrence is in accordance with 40 CFR 300.515 (e) (2) (i) and (ii), and is based upon our review of documents contained in the Administrative Record Index as supplemented by U.S. EPA. . We look forward to continued involvement with MPCA at this site. Enclosures Printed on Recrded Paper ------- ':.i . "a'" -.':;1""-'" ,-,,'..~,f:-:~....-":'''''':''~'~'''''~'''''----"'"-_.._..;.:..r~--'''''':_-_._''''-~~---'-'~~'''~.~-~...---=--~--..-~~- 4&. ~ , ' Minnesota Pollution CQntrol Age~cy 520 Lafayette Road. Saint Paul, Minnesota 55155-3898 Telephone '(612) 296-6300 ' , ' September 30, 1991 , , , ' - , . Mr. Valdas ~s Regional Administrator ' ' U . S. Envi.:roranental Protection Agenc:y 230 South Dearborn Street Chicago, Illinois 60604 ., " . , .. " , ' Dear Mr. Adarnkus: " " , , - , RE: Pine Bend Sanitary Landfill/Crosby American [)em)lition Landfill Site State of Minnesota ': , ' ~! Record of Decision - Operable Unit No. 1 Alte~te Water Supply , ,. ~ .; " " , - Enclos'ed for your concurrence are two signed copies of the ReCord c;>f Decision' . (ROD) for the above-referenced site (the . Site) . This ROD was~ jointly drafted by' , staff of, the Minnesota Pollution Control Agercy (MPCA) and the u. S. ' E;nvi.:ronrrental Protect~on Agenc:y (USEPA), Region V. ': :: . . . '. ~~. ':;; ... . .-... . . The ROD selects a pennanent alternate water supply to replace imPacted priva~E:!' ' wells downgradient of ,the Site. The .LE:llledy selected is based upon infoIJ'l\ation considered in a, focused feasibility study for this Operable Unit. ' , , .. It is the MPCA staff's understanding that USEPA need only to concur on the' ROD, " because the ~ite is state-lec;id andnonfederally ~inaI:lqed.. _.'rl}.erefore, ,there is, ,"" " no signature space for the USEPA. . '. -,'.:' ''''':.~:..' ...-.:..-....-...~.:...;r...._._:...:.....-.....- .-.:L-:":.or ",: .. ,-.' ..~ ~:_~'" ~."?,":'.':':.' MPCA staff appreciates the cooperation and assistance of your staff, ,', ',' "'., ,:'.'~,:: i.. particularly Mr. Turpin, Ballard, in the preparation of the ROD. If you have',any,'.'''''' , ,. questions reg~g the document, please contact DJugla,s Day, Superfund Unit .,',..:;,:,....,:, .~upervisor ,at 612l~97-1780. ", '" " .; , ,-,< ,:, ~ Sin if ~s':f4ho:;':;:'i(~7;?:t~-"...~_-:,e'~_'~";-,~r~'>'.. -\:'; <~~... les W. Williams, ' ',' " - , " '" " : Connussioner ' CWW:cj' Enclosure cc: See attached page. ------- ^ valdas page TWO September 30 letter. - .;.,.,..,..-.^-:-^.-%--1" ------- |