United States Office oi
Environmental Protection Emergency and
Agency Remedial Response
EPA/ROD/R03-91/130
September 1991
Superfund
Record of Decision:
McAdoo Associates, PA
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50272-101
REPORT DOCUMENTATION i. REPORT NO. 2.
PAGE EPA/ROD/R03-91/130
4. TWe and Subtitle
SUPERFUND RECORD OF DECISION
McAdoo Associates, PA
Third Remedial Action - Final
7. Authorfa)
9. Performing Organization Name and Addresa
12. Sponsoring Organization Name and Addreaa
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
401 M Street, S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20460
3. Recipient a Acoaeaion No.
S. Report Date
09/30/91
6.
8. Performing Organization Rept No.
10. Pro|ecVTaak/Worii Unit No.
11. Contract(C) or GrantyG) No.
(C)
(G)
13. Type of Report & Period Covered
800/000
14.
15. Supplementary Note*
16. Abstract (Umil: 200 word«)
The 9-acre McAdoo Associates site is an inactive strip and deep mining facility
located in Kline Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania. The site consists of two
locations: the 8-acre McAdoo-Kline Township (MKT) location, and the 1-acre
McAdoo-Blaine Street (MBS) location. The MKT location is situated at the site of an
old (subsurface and surface strip) coal mine, and land adjacent to this location is
industrial, abandoned, or contains reclaimed mine areas. The shallow aquifer at the
MKT location consists of ground water-filled mine workings and other subsurface voids
beneath the MKT location, collectively called the "mine pool". The mine pool
discharges at the Silverbrook discharge to the upper reaches of the Little Schuylkill
River. Both the mine pool and the river have been severely affected by acid mine
' drainage. The MBS location is adjacent to a residential area and a mine spoil
reclamation site, and is presently covered with gravel and used for vehicle storage.
From the 1880's to the 1960's, strip and deep mining of anthracite coal occurred at
the MKT location. Two rotary kiln furnaces and an upright liquid waste incinerator
were installed onsite between 1975 and 1976 to reclaim metals from waste sludges,
reportedly using waste solvents as fuels. In 1979, EPA ordered the MKT location to
(See Attached Page)
17. Document Analyai* a. Descriptor*
Record of Decision - McAdoo Associates, PA
Third Remedial Action - Final
Contaminated Media: None
Key Contaminants: None
b. Identifiera/Open-Ended Terms
c. COSATI Held/Group
18. Availability Statement
18. Security Oaaa (Thia Report)
None
20. Security Ctaaa (Thia Page)
None
21. No. ofPagea
55
22. Price
(See ANS1-Z38.18)
See /nafructiofu on Reverse
OPTIONAL FORM 272 (4-77)
(Formerly NTIS-3S)
Department of Commerce
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EPA/ROD/R03-91/130
McAdoo Associates, PA
Third Remedial Action - Final
Abstract (Continued)
close because of numerous environmental compliance problems. At the time of closure, the
location contained an incinerator, a garage and offsite trailer, 6,790 drums of hazardous
waste, four above-ground 15,000-gallon storage tanks, three above-ground 10,000-gallon
tanks, and miscellaneous debris. The MBS location was used for the storage of waste oil
and hazardous waste in 5 underground tanks. Activities at the MBS location were stopped
by EPA in 1979. As a result of Federal investigations, all drums and site features were
removed from the MKT location between 1981 and 1988. A 1984 Initial Remedial Measure
(IRM) for the MBS location provided for removal of underground tanks and contaminated
soil, and a 1985 ROD addressed remediation of soil contamination at the MKT location.
This ROD addresses sediment, ground water, and surface water at the MKT location, and
ground water at the MBS location. EPA has determined that no further remedial action
other than that already implemented at the site is required to ensure protection of human
health and the environment; therefore, there are no contaminants of concern.
The selected remedial action for this site is no further action because previous interim
remedial activities were adequate to protect human health and the environment.
Ground water monitoring at the MKT and MBS locations will be performed, including
expanding the ongoing water quality monitoring program at the MKT location, and
installing four ground water monitoring wells at the MBS location. The estimated present
worth cost for this no action remedy with ground water monitoring is $503,540, which
includes an annual O&M cost of $434,000 for 30 years.
PERFORMANCE STANDARDS OR GOALS: Not applicable.
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RECORD OF DECISION
MCADOO ASSOCIATES SITE
DECLARATION
NAME AND LOCATION
McAdoo Associates Site: Kline Township and Blaine Street locations
McAdoo Borough, Kline Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania
Operable Unit 2
STATEMENT OF BASIS AND PURPOSE
This decision document represents the selected remedial action for
the McAdoo Associates Site. Ground water, surface water, and
sediments associated with the McAdoo-Kline Township (MKT) location,
and ground water associated with the McAdoo-Blaine Street (MBS)
location, (both hereinafter considered the site), are addressed in
this Record of Decision (ROD). This ROD is in accordance with the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability
Act of 1980, (CERCLA) 42 U.S.C. SS 9601 efc. sea. . and, to the
extent practicable, the National Oil and Hazardous Substances
Pollution Contingency Plan (NCP). It should be noted that soil
conditions at both the MBS and MKT locations were previously
addressed and remediated by RODs completed in 1984 and 1985,
respectively.
This decision is based upon the contents of the Administrative
Record File for the McAdoo Associates Site (index attached).
The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania does not concur with the selected
remedy.
DESCRIPTION OF THE REMEDY
The EPA has determined that no further remedial action other than
that already implemented at the site is required to ensure
protection of human health and the environment. However, ground-
water monitoring at the MKT and MBS locations will be performed for
30 years to ensure the effectiveness of the remedial actions
already executed.
The major components of the monitoring program include:
Expansion of the ongoing long-term (30 years) water quality
monitoring program as needed at the MKT location (originally
included as part of the 1985 ROD) to include additional sampling
of all existing monitoring wells. Samples from these wells
shall be analyzed for volatile organic compounds and nine
inorganic analytes.
Installation of four ground-water monitoring wells at the MBS
location and the long-term monitoring (30 years) of ground-water
quality at the MBS location. Samples from these wells shall be
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analyzed for volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds and
Total Analyte List inorganics.
DECLARATION STATEMENT
The EPA has determined that no further remedial action is necessary
for the McAdoo Associates site. The previous response actions
implemented (drum and soil removal, soil excavation and capping)
eliminate the need to conduct any additional remedial action.
Because this remedy will result in hazardous substances remaining
onsite, a review will be conducted in accordance with Section
121(c) of CERCLA, 42 U.S.C. S 9621(c), within five years after the
commencement of the monitoring. The review will be conducted to
ensure that human health and the environment continue to be
adequately protected and to determine the effectiveness of remedies
already implemented at the McAdoo Associates Site.
Edwin B. Erickson Date
Regional Administrator
Region III
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RECORD OF DECISION
MCADOO ASSOCIATES SITE, PA
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SITE NAME, LOCATION, AND DESCRIPTION 1
SITE HISTORY AND ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITIES 6
HIGHLIGHTS OF COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION 7
SCOPE AND ROLE OF OPERABLE UNIT 8
SITE CHARACTERISTICS 8
MCADOO-KLINE TOWNSHIP LOCATION 9
SURFACE WATER/SEDIMENT INVESTIGATION 9
ECOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION 14
GROUND-WATER INVESTIGATION 14
MCADOO-BLAINE STREET LOCATION 30
BACKGROUND INFORMATION REVIEW 30
SUMMARY OF SITE RISKS 35
CONTAMINANTS OF POTENTIAL CONCERN 35
EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT 36
HUMAN HEALTH RISK 36
ECOLOGICAL RISK 41
SELECTED REMEDY 46
DOCUMENTATION OF SIGNIFICANT CHANGES 47
ATTACHMENT - RESPONSIVENESS SUMMARY
- ADMINISTRATIVE RECORD INDEX
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DECISION SUMMARY
MCADOO ASSOCIATES SITE
SITE NAME, LOCATION, AND DESCRIPTION
The McAdoo Associates site addressed in this Record of Decision
includes the McAdoo-Kline Township (MKT) location and the McAdoo-
Blaine Street (MBS) location (see Figure 1).
The MKT location is located in Kline Township, Schuylkill County,
in eastern Pennsylvania. The MKT location lies approximately 1.5
miles south of McAdoo Borough due east of U. S. Route 309, and
immediately south of the ramp to the 1-81 interchange (see Figure
2) . The MKT location consists of approximately 8 acres and is
situated at the site of an old (subsurface and surface strip) coal
mine. Land use in the vicinity of the MKT location is industrial
(a cogeneration plant is located nearby) or abandoned or reclaimed
mine areas. Residential areas are located at a greater distance
north (approximately 900 to 1900 feet) and south (over 1 mile) of
the MKT location (see Figure 3).
The shallow "aquifer" at the MKT location consists of ground water
filled mine workings and other subsurface voids beneath the MKT
location, collectively called the "mine pool". The mine pool
discharges at the Silverbrook discharge to the upper reaches of the
Little Schuylkill River, the nearest surface water body to the MKT
location (Figure 3) . The Little Schuylkill River and mine pool
have been severely affected by acid mine drainage from the former
mining activities in the area, and there is little to no aquatic
life in the upper reaches of the river as a consequence of this
mine drainage.
Residential wells in the vicinity of the MKT location tap the
deeper aquifer located within the Pottsvilie and Mauch Chunk
Formations. The Pottsville and Mauch Chunk Formations consist of
interbedded sandstones, siltstones and shales. There appears to be
no hydrologic connection between the mine pool and deeper aquifers
in the area, based on the results of the 1991 focused Remedial
Investigation/Feasibility Study (RI/FS) and previous studies.
The approximately 1-acre MBS location is located in the Borough of
McAdoo, also in Kline Township, Schuylkill County, approximately 3
miles from the MKT location (see Figure 4). The MBS location is
situated near a residential area (McAdoo Borough) and mine spoil
reclamation site. The MBS location is presently covered with
gravel and used for vehicle storage. Residential population in the
immediate vicinity of the MBS location is approximately 2,500 (1990
census).
Water supply in this area is provided by surface water reservoirs
and water supply wells operated by the Honey Brook Water Company.
These sources are located over 1000 feet southwest of the MBS
1
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BLAINE STREET
LOCATION
HONEYBROOK WATER CO.
WELL LOCATION
SOURCE Hafl»ton. Coryglwn. T*n«qua tnti D*ww Quadrangle
FIGURE 1
GENERAL LOCATION MAP
MCADOO-KLINE TOWNSHIP AND
BLAINE STREET LOCATIONS
MCADOO, PENNSYLY
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TO
HAZELTON
MCADOO
i
I
TO
TAMAQUA
ALLENTOWN
MINE
SPOILS
300'
FIGURE 2
SITE MAP
MCADOO-KLINE TOWNSHIP LOCATION
MCADOO, PENNSYLVANIA
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LOFTY CREEK
UTTLE SCHUYLKIU.
RIVER
750
FEET
1500
FIGURE 3
REGIONAL LOCATION MAP
MCADOO SITE
MCADOO, PENNSYLVANIA
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! HOUSE I 'HOUSC:
N. HARRISON ST.
10
u
House I
HOUSC! OARAGE
ALLEY
Mouse!
MBS LOCATION
N. LOGAN ST.
ALLEY
NOT TO SCALE
ABANDONED
IHOUSeI
OLD MINE
PROPERTY
OPEN FIELD
FIGURE 4
SITE MAP
MCADOO-BLAINE STREET LOCATION
MCADOO, PENNSYLVANIA
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location. The water supply wells are screened in the deep aquifer
within the Mauch Chunk Formation underlying the region.
The nearest surface water body to the MBS location is a small
unnamed drainage stream located approximately 400 feet northeast of
the location. Drainage from the MBS location is to the northeast
away from the water supply areas.
SITE HISTORY AND ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITIES
The original use of the MKT location was the strip and deep mining
of anthracite coal, which occurred sporadically from the 1880's to
the 1960's. The 1-1/2 acre tract comprising the western portion of
the MKT location was acquired in January 1975 by McAdoo Associates.
Two rotary kiln furnaces and an upright liquid waste incinerator
were installed on the property between 1975 and 1976, and
reportedly were operated to reclaim metals from waste sludges,
reportedly using waste solvents as fuels. The MKT location was
ordered closed in 1979 as a result of numerous environmental
compliance problems. At the time of closure in April of 1979, the
MKT location was inventoried and found to contain: an incinerator,
a garage and an office trailer; 6,790 drums of hazardous waste;
four above ground 15,000-gallon storage tanks and three above
ground 10,000-gallon tanks; and miscellaneous pallets, bricks and
debris.
The MBS location was used for the storage of waste oil and
hazardous waste in 5 underground tanks located at the location
prior to incineration at the MKT facility previously discussed.
Activities at the MBS location were discontinued in 1979.
Because both locations were operated as one facility involving the
same ownership and waste, they were combined and collectively
called the McAdoo Associates site for evaluation in the Hazard
Ranking System (HRS) scoring process. The site received a score of
63.03 and the McAdoo Associates site was placed on the National
Priorities List (NPL) in September 1983.
With regard to the MKT location, all of the drums and all site
features, with the exception of one 15,000 gallon tank were removed
between January 1981 and October 1982. The remaining tank was
removed in November 1988. An RI/FS was conducted at the MKT
location by an EPA contractor in 1984, and a Record of Decision
(ROD) was issued on June 28, 1985, that addressed remedial action
of soil contamination at the MKT location. However, the 1985 ROD
deferred the decision regarding any remedial action of ground water
and/or surface water (and related sediment) pending additional
evaluation.
The selected remedial action for soil at the MKT location described
in the 1985 ROD included the removal of remaining tanks and debris;
limited excavation of contaminated soils with off-site disposal at
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a RCRA facility; the capping of the MKT location; diversion of
surface water; maintenance of diversion ditches and site cover; and
long term ground-water monitoring. All soil related remedial
measures have been completed with the exception of the construction
of the site cover, which will be completed during Fall 1991.
With regard to the MBS location, based on subsequent EPA
investigations of the tanks and tank contents, EPA issued a ROD for
Interim Remedial Measures (IRM) on June 5, 1984, calling for
cleaning and removal of underground tanks, the removal of
contaminated soil, and the sampling of subsurface soil. The
remedial work was completed by EPA in 1985. It should be noted
that the MBS location 1984 IRM ROD included provisions that a
supplemental ROD would be prepared after the remedial action was
complete to include recommendations for further site action, if
any.
Because of the outstanding issues related to the site, a
supplemental focused RI/FS was conducted by EPA during late
1990/early 1991 to further evaluate the ground water, surface
water, and sediment at the MKT location, and to evaluate the
remedial action performed at the related MBS location.
HIGHLIGHTS OF COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
The public participation requirements of CERCLA §S 113(k)(2)(B)(i-
v) , 117 and 121(f) (1) (G) , 42 U.S.C. §S 9613 (k) (2) (B) (i-v) , 9617 and
9621(f)(1)(G) have been met by the following activities.
In July 1991, the focused RI/FS study reports prepared by an EPA
contractor for this operable unit were released to the public along
with the Proposed Plan developed by EPA. These documents were made
available to the public in both the administrative record file and
an information repository at the McAdoo-Kelayres Library (Kelayres
Road, McAdoo, PA 18237), and USEPA Region III (841 Chestnut
Building, Philadelphia, PA 19107). The notice of availability for
these two documents was published in the Hazelton Standard Speaker
on July 22, 1991. A 30-day public comment period began on July 22,
1991 and ended on August 21, 1991.
In addition, a public meeting was held on August 8, 1991 to discuss
the Proposed Plan. At this meeting, representatives from EPA and
PADER answered questions about the Proposed Plan and the status of
the site. All comments which were received by EPA during the
public comment period, including those expressed at the public
meeting, are addressed in the Responsiveness Summary, which is
attached to this Record of Decision.
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SCOPE AND ROLE OF OPERABLE UNIT
This is the third action to be implemented by EPA for the McAdoo
Associates site. As stated previously, soil contamination has been
previously addressed by RODs prepared for the McAdoo Associates
site (MKT and MBS locations) in 1985 and 1984, respectively.
Therefore this ROD is intended to address only the surface water,
sediment, and ground water at the MKT location, and ground water
at the MBS location. These are the only remaining environmental
concerns at the site.
SITE CHARACTERISTICS
As stated above, the scope of this operable unit was to evaluate
the surface water, sediment, and ground water at the MKT location
and ground-water at the MBS location. To evaluate these elements,
a focused RI/FS was completed for the site during late 1.990/early
1991. The primary objectives for the focused RI/FS were to collect
sufficient data to:
characterize potential contamination of the ground water,
surface water, and surface channel sediments in the vicinity of
the MKT location;
determine if contamination poses'a threat to human health or the
environment;
identify and characterize all migration pathways, routes of
entry, and receptors for contaminants detected (if any) in the
ground water (especially related to nearby residential wells),
surface water, or channel sediment in the vicinity of the MKT
location;
determine the need for remedial actions at the MKT location to
address existing or potential threats posed by contaminants in
the ground water beneath, or in the surface water or channel
sediments downstream of, the MKT location;
fully evaluate the results of the IBM ROD at the MBS location;
and
provide support for the identification, development, and
evaluation of appropriate remedial technology alternatives.
To provide the data necessary to accomplish the objectives of the
focused RI/FS, a thorough compilation, characterization, and
evaluation of existing information and data was completed. This
included detailed evaluation of regional and local geology and
hydrogeology, and review of all available information for the MBS
location.
8
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In addition, numerous field activities were performed at the MKT
location, including two rounds of ground-water sampling of 7 on-
site monitoring wells and 7 off-site residential wells, surface
water and sediment sampling from 10 locations, and a complete
ecological assessment of the Little Schuylkill River in the
vicinity of the MKT location. Evaluation of contaminant transport
pathways and potential risk to human health and environment is
based collectively on the efforts of this 1991 focused RI as well
as previous efforts by others (including the EPA 1984 RI/FS, and
other studies completed by the Responsible Parties consultants
during 1987 through 1990). A detailed description of the findings
of the 1991 focused RI follows.
MCADOO-KLINE TOWNSHIP (MKT) LOCATION
SURFACE WATER/SEDIMENT INVESTIGATION
Ten surface water/sediment locations downstream of the MKT location
were sampled in December 1990 to evaluate current surface water and
sediment quality (Figure 5) . Sample locations included three
background locations along Lofty Creek that had not been affected
by either the MKT location or acid mine drainage (AMD), and seven
locations along the Little Schuylkill River, including the
Silverbrook Discharge (Location 2 - Mine Pool outlet). Surface
water samples were analyzed for Target Compound List (TCL) organics
(including volatile and semivolatile organics and pesticides and
PCBs) and Target Analyte List (TAL) inorganics (metals and
cyanide), as well as basic water quality parameters (pH,
temperature, alkalinity, TDS, TSS, etc.). Sediments were analyzed
for TCL/TAL parameters, pH, total organic carbon, and grain size.
It should be noted that the Little Schuylkill River downstream of
the MKT location has been, and continues to be, severely affected
by AMD originating from the Silverbrook discharge, and former coal
mining activities in the area.
The results of the surface water sampling are summarized in Table
1. With regard to organics, only low concentrations (ranging from
8 to 32 micrograms per liter [ug/1]) of carbon disulfide,
chloromethane and bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate were detected in the
surface water. However, it is not certain that these compounds
originated from the MKT location. Of the three compounds detected,
the carbon disulfide was detected in field blanks (indicating
potential laboratory contamination). Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
was not detected in samples collected closest to the MKT location,
rather was only detected in downstream samples and background
samples (indicating other potential sources). Only chloromethane
was detected at a surface-water sample location near the MKT
location, however, this compound was not detected in any other
media (soils, sediment, or ground water) at the MKT location.
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SILVERBROOK
2 DISCHARGE
UTTLC 3CMUYLJCILL
RIVER
LEGEND.
SURFACE WATER/SEDIMENT SAMPLE LOCATIONS
0 750 1500
FEET
FIGURE 5
SURFACE WATER/SEDIMENT SAMPLING
LOCATIONS
MCADOO-KLINE TOWNSHIP LOCATION
MCADOO, PENNSYLVANIA
10
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Table 1
Surface Water Data Sumnary (a)
Organic and Inorganic Compounds
MKT LOCATION
0
_
(D
Z
rt
''
^
i~i
-6
0
TO
o
c
r
*""1
s
COMPOUNDS (b)
Volatlles
carbon
dlsulflde
chloroform
chlorone thane
Seml-VoUtiles
bis (2-ethylhexyl)
ph thai ate
IiorgaHlct
Al um1 num
Antimony
Barium
Beryllium
Calcium
Cobalt
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Sodium
Thallium
Vandlum
Zinc
Cyanide
CW|L
5
5
10
10
200
6
200
5
5000
50
25
100
3
5000
15
40
5000
5
5000
10
50
20
10
(a) Sampling dates: 12/12/90
(b) Only elements detected are summa
SW-1
4B
947
29P
5930
16P
1170
2750P
353
740P
2B
12700
68
rlzed.
SW-2
32
4730
27P
3P
7380
59
10900
3B
6440
1250
59
1190P
10500
210
SW-3
4390
26P
2P
11500
41P
16P
4860
2B
SU-4
16L
3570
27P
2P
9120
38P
13P
3760
2B
5790 4850P
1050
47
569P
10900
174
871
41
566P
9170
150
SW-5
3L
3470
29P
2P
8980
36P
14P
4320
IB
4760P
847
38P
436P
9180
146
SW-5
(DUP)
3490
28P
2P
8940
37P
12P
3950
2B
4750P
841
33P
734P
8990
145
FIELD RINSE.
SW-6 SW-7 SW-8 SW-9 SW-10 BLANK BLANK
B
8
8L 10
1840 1780 322 283 285
56P
26P 25P 23P 23P 15P
IP
5260 5580 1260P 1180P 1010P
14P 18P
13P IIP
1800 1560 122 91P 1B7
IB
2770P 2820P 770P 718P 632P
464 441 74 73 67
23P
529P
IB
6950 7220 4030P 4170P 4560P 19BB 216B
2K
88 87 35 33 29
(c) All units ug/1 (total metals)
B - Not detected above levels measured In blanks
L - Analyte present. Value reported Is biased ION.
P - Analyte present.
K - Analyte present.
Quantltatlon may not
Reported value may be
actual value expected to be
be accurate.
biased high, actual
value
expected
higher.
to be lower.
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There were a variety of inorganics present in the surface water
samples collected from the Little Schuylkill River and Lofty Creek.
Inorganics present in the samples from the Little Schuylkill River
at high concentrations relative to concentrations detected in
background samples from Lofty Creek include aluminum, antimony,
beryllium, calcium, cobalt, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese,
nickel, potassium, sodium, and zinc. In general, the
concentrations of inorganics in the surface water decreases
downstream as a result of dilution and chemical precipitation
associated with changing pH. The elevated levels of inorganics in
the surface water is likely a result of the combination of AMD and
leaching of inorganics from the MKT location into the mine pool.
Several of these elements were detected at high concentrations in
the soil at the MKT location, including aluminum, iron, nickel, and
zinc. However, most of these elements, especially antimony,
beryllium, iron, aluminum, calcium, sodium, potassium, and
manganese, also occur naturally in high concentrations in the coal
and .coal refuse in Pennsylvania Eastern Province coals; therefore
their presence in the surface water is not unexpected. Although it
is not possible to quantify the extent of inorganic contribution
from the MKT location to the mine pool, and subsequently the
surface water (as compared to the contribution from AMD), based on
available data, AMD remains the primary controlling factor for
inorganics in the surface water.
The results of the sediment sampling are summarized in Table 2 (see
Figure 5 for sample locations).
With respect to organic compounds, the results indicate there are
no volatile organic compounds present in the sediments of the
Little Schuylkill River or Lofty Creek. However, some semi-
volatile compounds (namely polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons
[PAHs]) are present in the sediments from nearly every station
sampled. All of these PAHs were previously detected in soils at
the MKT location. However, the presence of PAHs in some, but not
all, of the samples collected, including background sample
stations, indicates the prevalence of these compounds in the
environment from various sources. The source of the PAHs in the
Little Schuylkill River may be from MKT location run-off as well as
run-off from other areas draining into this basin, including PA Rt.
309. The source of PAHs present in background samples from Lofty
Creek is unknown.
A wide range of inorganics were detected in sediment samples from
the Little Schuylkill River and Lofty Creek. Inorganics present in
sediment from the Little Schuylkill River at high concentrations,
relative to concentrations measured in background sediment samples
from Lofty Creek, include aluminum, arsenic, beryllium, calcium,
cobalt, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, mercury, nickel,
potassium, sodium, vanadium, and zinc. Some of these elements were
detected at high concentrations in the soil at the MKT location.
However, the presence of some of the inorganics, at concentrations
12
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Table 2
Sediment Data Summary (a)
Organic and Inorganic Compounds
COMPOUNDS (b)
Volatile*
chloroform
Semi -Volatile*
phenol
2-chlorophenol
phenathrene
fluoranthene
pyrene
benzo(a) anthracene
chrysene
bis (2 ethyl hexyl) phthalate
benzo(b) fluoranthene
benzo(k) fluoranthene
benzo(a) pyrene
1ndeno(1.2.3-cd) pyrene
benzo(g.h) perylene
iMorgulcs
Al uml num
H- Arsenic
w Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Cobalt
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
-^ercury
QNIckel
C potassium
^Selenium
r?Z Silver
Q. Oodlum
"Z. Cihalllum
f* .'Vandium
| Ci)nc
I^yanlde
CROL
5
330
330
330
330
330
330
330
330
330
330
330
330
330
40
2
40
1
1
1000
2
10
5
20
0.6
1000
3
0.2
8
1000
1
2
1000
2
10
4
2
SED-01 SED-02
96L
240L
250L
140L
150L
130L
110L
84L
85L
1820
6J
157
0.41P
4100
20
19
11400
76
893P
1810
0.12
6P
257P
0.35P
99P
IIP
470
150L
170L
1660
4
14P
3
262P
14
31500
20
243P
48
0.22
294P
3
5BP
18
SED-03
1420
2P
8P
99P
6
18
8570
10
65P
17
0.62
311P
IP
69P
0.338
9
SED-04
210L
530L
550L
290L
280L
170L
210L
230L
190L
190L
200L
3340
9
31P
9
212P
18
4P
32
110E3
95
536P
332
0.17
7P
314P
3
68P
128
2
SED-05
260L
540L
600L
340L
320L
200L
240L
230L
200L
190L
200L
3190
11
77
0.42P
7
6160
333
20
28
90600
44
2490
4250
0.44
9P
145P
2
37P
100
124
3
{al Sampling date: 12/12/90
(b) Only compounds detected are suranarlzed.
(c) All units ug/kg except blanks which are ug/1.
SED-05
(OUP) SED-06
140L
140L
330L
B20L 200L
880L 290
530L 120L
530L 120L
130L
390L 85L
430L 93L
380L
300L
290L
2080 1770
5 3
20P 16P
0.25P 0.22P
5 2
3040 342P
9 10
5P
14 20
57700 31700
135 20
417P 290P
213 411
0.14
148P 156P
1
4
36P 44P
4P
71 41
3
SED-07
130L
1BOL
87L
90L
77L
79L
12BO
2
37P
2
278P
8
12
18200
20
242P
208
1.1
139P
0.81P
3
8P
30
SED-08 SED-09
1170
2P
5P
SIP
11
2830
8
78P
102
153P
4
0.32B
14
89L
120L
773
IP
3P
25B
7
1770
SB
70P
84
113P
2P
8
FIELD RINSE. TRIP
SEO-10 BLANK BLANK BLANK
6
140L
170L
110L
110L
79L
83L
6B4 56P
IP
8P
38B
2P
2370
SB IP
SOP
75
0.75
75P
4
9
B - Not detected above levels measured in blanks.
L - Analyte present. Value reported is biased low, actual value
expected to be higher.
P - Analyte present. Quanltatlon may not be accurate.
-------
detected, are not exclusively the result of former MKT location
activities. Most of these elements are found in coal and coal
waste. Table 3 is a listing of the inorganic background
concentrations developed during the 1991 focused RI/FS as related
to former mining activities and AMD. Comparison to Table 3 values
show that most of the inorganics present in the sediment are within
expected background ranges for the area.
In summary, there are few, if any, MKT location-related
contaminants (organics and inorganics) present in the surface water
and sediments in the Little Schuylkill River.
ECOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
The ecological investigation included a characterization and
evaluation of aquatic and terrestrial habitats along the Little
Schuylkill River. The aquatic and terrestrial habitats were
identified, measured (where appropriate), and described at six
stations (Stations 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, and 8 - see Figure 5). The
results of the ecological investigation revealed that the aquatic
community of the Little Schuylkill River is severely affected by
AMD (i.e. there is very little aquatic life), although the aquatic
community appears to be less affected at present relative to the
results of a PADER study conducted in 1984. The terrestrial
community was not affected.
In summary, no ecological impairment directly attributable to MKT
location-related contaminants was identified.
GROUND-WATER INVESTIGATION
The ground-water investigation consisted of two elements: an on-
site ground-water investigation and an off-site ground-water
investigation. The on-site ground-water investigation included the
characterization of MKT location hydrogeology and two rounds of MKT
location monitoring well sampling. The off-site ground-water
investigation included the characterization of regional
hydrogeology and two rounds of off-site residential well sampling.
The results of each element follows.
ON-SITE GROUND-WATER INVESTIGATION
Regionally, the MKT location is within the Appalachian Mountain
section of the Ridge and Valley Province, within a geologic
structure referred to as the Silver Brook Syncline (Figure 6 - see
Figure 3 for orientation of cross-section line). Locally, the MKT
location is underlain by the Llewellyn and Pottsville Formations
(Figure 7). The Llewellyn Formation consists of sandstones,
siltstones, and shales, with interbedded coal. Of particular
14
-------
Table 3
1991 RI Proposed* Inorganic Background Concentration Ranges
Former Mining Activity/Acid Mine Drainage Related
MKT LOCATION
Element Site Soils/Sediments'
(rag/kg)
Site Ground Water/Surface Water
(9/1)
aluminum
antimony
arsenic
bariim.
beryllium
cadmium
calcium
chromium
cobalt
copper
iron
lead
magnesium
manganese
mercury
nickel
potassium/sodium
selenium
silver
thallium
vanadium
zinc
16.000-47,000
0.9-1.2
6-27
40-200
.5-6
.3-27
120-700
20-75
0-7
10-75
4,400-12.000
10-15
0-100
3-620
.15-. 24
10-125
2,300-10,000
3-5
...
5
20-140
3-65
29-55*
...
...
...
0-.010*
0-.020*
119-194*
0-.010*
...
...
15-122*
...
68-83*
4'
...
0-1.23*
17*
.
...
...
0.21-0.2'
Given that no site specific background data regarding AMD were
available, general background values for the site were derived for
comparison purposes as part of the 1991 RI. The general background
values were derived by a USEPA contractor based on the following
references for studies conducted at other AMD and coal mining sites
in Pennsylvania.
Combination of National Research Council (1980), Click and Davis
(1984). and Davis (1984. personal communication)
Gorilla Quarry Results (USEPA. 1985)
Coal Nine Drainage Terrs. PA (Nrtagu, 1978)
Shamokin Creek. Welghscale. PA (Brown!ow. 1979)
Combination of Sources b and c
No Data Available
15
-------
MOUTH
A
POTTCHUNK FAULT
aooo*i
CENTBALIA FAULT
SILVER BROOK 8YNCLINE
-BEARS HEAD FAULT
-LOCUST MOUNTAIN ANTICLINE
-LOFTY FAULT
DELANO ANTICLINE
POTTCHUNK FAULT
TILL CREEK
ROAD
WELLS
'..' -* "'..'-'.V 'jt
-
OUTH
A'
|KHHHHHRyHHK»uaHH£iS5tHRhRR^
-------------i-i-r-i-c-i-z-i-i-CH^^^^
- -25->2-KK35HKrKHHKSKHHKKHKKHHHHHHKK:£KKHKH^
Lr^^J^i^-Ti^vrLrLrt-ru _ -.. ^ .>.*. .».-_ _- *.«-^j *^j- ^-~~JT~* ',f*- ** ^~~~- -_xj^ . -~_n;n" ~~"^_r"_"*__
---~-~-~-~-~-z-i<:-i->z-ioc->>i-i->r-^^
^>>I->IHK-I-Z-I-3^>_-_--------
UMMSfc
| | LLSWEUYN FORMATION W* a,S. * »i
L' 1 POTTSVLLI FORMATION ww va.o». A «
C33 MAUCN CHUNK FORMATION, Uf « MEMIER WILVEMROOK ROAO-RESIOENTIAL WELLSI
t»3j "AUCH CHUNK FORMATION, MIOOLE UCMMM ISTH.L CREEK ROAO-RESIOENTIAL WELLSI
torn RUCK MOUNTAIN COAL SEAM
SOURCE. ADAPTED FROM USDS MAPPING (WOOD 1 AHNUT, 18731
FIGURE 6
REGIONAL GEOLOGIC CROSS-SECTION
MCADOO AREA. PENNSYLVANIA
-------
SOUTH
B'
I MAMMOUTH COAL SEAM
MAMMOUTH COAL SEAMi
BUCK MOUNTAIN
COAL SEAMi
1700
1800
1500
1400
1300
1200
1100
1000
000
rN
CLINE |
"X
| HI
C(
y / /
200
400
600
i
800
r BUCK MOUNTAIN
COAL SEAM
CENTRALIA FAULT
NORTH
B
MAMMOUTH COAL SEAM
BUCK MOUNTAIN
COAL SEAM
MW-3B MW-2
1000
1200
1400
1800
1800
i
2000
r
2200
LEGENDi
| | LLEWELLYN FORMATION
I | POTTSVILLE FORMATION
SEE FIGURE 6 FOR LOCATION OF B'-B CROSS SECTION LINE
FIGURE 7
LOCAL GEOLOGIC CROSS SECTION
MCADOO-KLINE TOWNSHIP LOCATION
MCADOO, PENNSYLVANIA
-------
importance are two major coal seams (Buck Mountain and Mammoth),
both of which have been extensively mined in the vicinity of the
MKT location. The Pottsville Formation consists of well-cemented
sandstones and conglomerates, although this formation is reported
to be fractured.
The hydrogeology at the MKT location is controlled by the local
geology. The shallow "aquifer" at the MKT location consists of
ground water filled mine workings and other subsurface voids,
collectively called the "mine pool". The only known discharge for
the mine pool is the Silverbrook discharge to the south, which
forms the upper reaches of the Little Schuylkill River. The mine
pool is located within the Llewellyn Formation (Figure 7) , and
ranges in depth from approximately 50 to 200 feet below ground
surface at the MKT location. Horizontal ground-water flow at the
MKT location is generally toward the south, in the general
direction of the Silverbrook discharge (Figure 8) . A schematic
hydrogeologic cross-section for the MKT location depicting
subsurface conditions is given in Figure 9. Based on water level
readings obtained from wells screened in the underlying Pottsville
Formation (MW-l, MW-2, MW-3B and MW-4), the vertical
ground-water gradient at the MKT location is upward, indicating
that ground-water is flowing from the Pottsville Formation into the
mine pool, and subsequently flowing out the Silverbrook discharge.
Consequently it follows that the mine pool at the MKT location is
not hydrologically connected to other aquifers in the area.
The 7 on-site monitoring wells that were installed during the 1984
RI (see Figure 8) were sampled in December 1990 and February 1991
to evaluate current ground-water quality at the MKT location. Four
of the wells (MW-l, MW-2, MW-3B, and MW-4) are screened in the
Pottsville Formation, and wells MW-5 and MW-9 are reported to be
screened in the mine pool. Wells MW-l and MW-2 are considered
upgradient of the MKT location and not affected by AMD. Ground-
water samples were analyzed for TCL and TAL (total and dissolved)
parameters. A summary of organic and inorganic sampling results
from the two sampling events are given in Tables 4 and 5,
respectively.
The 1991 focused RI results indicate that low levels of organic
compounds are present in the mine pool ground water at the MKT
location. Low levels of 1,1 dichloroethane, 1,1 dichloroethene,
and 1,1,1 trichloroethane were detected in the sample collected
from MW-5 (and duplicate) in both sampling events, with toluene and
xylenes detected in the second round only at very low "J" flagged
values (Note - a "J" qualifier denotes that an analyte is present,
but the reported value may not be accurate or precise). Also, 1,1
dichloroethane, 1,1 dichloroethene, 1,2 dichloropropane, and bis
(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate were detected in the first sample
collected from MW-9. Additionally, 1,1,1 trichloroethane and 1,2
dichloroethane were detected in the second sample from MW-9,
although the phthalate was not. A "J" flagged value of 1,1,1
18
-------
i
MINE POOL EVEVATION
fl564t
LEGENDi
MONITORINQ WELLS
|t584.3| GROUND-WATER ELEVATION
\| GROUND-WATER FLOW DIRECTION
q
O
O
FEET ABOVE SEA LEVEL
200'
FIGURE 8
GROUNOWATER POTENTIOMETRIC MAP
APRIL 25 1991
MCADOO-KLINE TOWNSHIP LOCATION
MCADOO, PENNSYLVANIA
-------
NJ
P
NW A ^-^ A' SE
1625 -,
1620-
1610 _
1600-
1590-
i&nn
iwou
1570 -
(A
a
u 1560 -
O
ffl
S1550 -
u.
Z 1540 -
tj
> 1530 -
LI
1520 -
4K4A
1S1O
^
*
.
FRACTURED
POTT4VILLI
ROD I SOX
,
*
,
MAS4IVI
POTTSVLLE
C«MI r
4 \~
* MOD 1 MX 1=
\-
* t
o
^ - *fc^
*
.
*
*
f
///y--/-. ..V
v /FUl/AMD/OR / / ,
. -/WiftHIRID ROCK / /
< A // / '
- / / .rqAcrURCo
- /. . v Cengl
FRACTURED '. "°D °'at*
4 C*ntl .
MOD MX \
^f i
i (
UPPfiR WICK'
= MTM. COAL
= ROQ 0-I7X
LM» FRACTURED = ',
CM^ _ TIOHT 8<
H ROD > ifX ROD 70;IOOX
FRACTURED
A
MOO iOX
POTTSVILLE
FORMATION
* .
.
.
^^^^
i
* ?'< r
^\T_s
\\ ^
* »'
%'
r\
' ' '"VI
-
k>'*
/ f /^ / / " " /" - - - - - ^
/ / / / / / '/ / /"^ A
" /, // // / / / / /
I. "< ,/ / /FILL AND/OR X /' /
x < / /WEAtMERED ROCK / /
) UPPER RUCK ^ - / / / / / / /
.)MTN. COAL "~-/ / / / / /
v ^/ / / / /
" " < / / / /
~'~ / /
^ _ / / /
- */ /
4 Con«l " <* /
""-.
_y T
FRACTURED AND -
DECOMPOSED :
Si -
ROD JO-UX :
LLEWELLYN :
FORMATION
:|
' 'i
\ 1 1 BUCK MTM. COAL IMME POOLI
' Hr1 VOID 4 OOB FILLED :
* 'V^-. ?
POTTSVILLE ' " " . PUCKMTM.,
FORMATION . . " COAL M
"".--(-..
O
1440
1430 -
1420 -
f-
l_
* -
* HARD CONQL. E
. ROD sa-MOX "n
- .
-
-.
-
HOIE GROUTED
TO 00.0 Fl.
' DEPTH
1625
1620
- 1610
- 1600
- 1590
icon
loou
- 1570
- 1560
- 1550
- 1540
- 1530
- 1520
ic-in
IW *»
100' 200'
^v***nt*k^ *\
" ^.^i_J FIGURE 9
HORIZONTAL SCALE SCHEMATIC HYDROGEOLOGIC
E ' LEOEH0. CROSS-SECTION
,| . V GROUND WATER ELEVATION 14-26 Oil MCADOO -KLINE TOWNSHIP LOCATION
1 s. SANDSTONE MCADOO, PENNSYLVANIA
1423 A
, * * *** Conflj CONOLOUERATE
ROD ROCK QUALITY DETERMINATION
-------
Table 4
Ground-Water Data Summary (a)
Organic Compounds
Monitoring Wells
MKT LOCATION
COMPOUND (b)
Volatile*
1.1 dlchloroethene
1.1 dlchloroethane
chloroform
1.1,1 trlchloroethane
1,2-dlchloropropane
ethyl ene chloride
SMl-Volatlles
bis (2-ethythexyl) phthalate
(a) Sampling dates: 12/19/90 and
(b) Only compounds detected are si
(c) All units ug/1
MU-5 FIELD RINSE TRIP
CRQL(c) HW-1 NW-2 NW-3 MW-3B HW-4 HW-5 (DUP) HW-9 BLANK BLANK BLANK
5 5 3J 3J
5 18 21 4J
5 3J 4J 4J
5 30J 27J
5 270J
5 4J 4J
10 10
12/20/90
arlzed.
J Analyte present. Reported value My not be accurate or precise.
-------
Table 4 (continued)
Ground-Water Data Summary (a)
Inorganics
Monitoring Wells
HKT LOCATION
HW-1 MU-2
ELEMENT CRDL
b) (c)
11 * ' T(d) D(e) T
MumlnuM 200 188B 151B 282B
9ariu> 200 98P 90P 87B
Beryl HUB 5
Cad*1u» 5 16 16 4P
Calcium 5000 6530L 6190L 4300L
Chromium 10 9P
Cobalt 50
:opper 25 IBP 13P 30
Iron 100 297 31P 395
Lead 3 14L 30L
Ugnesiua 5000 3500L 3270P 3470P
Unganese 15 219 200 212
tlckel 40 47B 45B 43B
>otassiun 5000 1870B 2260B 1990S
illver 10
fandlun 50
!inc 20 81 77 99
D
178B
89P
4270L
10B
18P
31P
30
3330P
216
33B
1480B
IP
99
MW-3
T D
191E3
112P 13B
23
2P
37E3L 9040L
45
179 388
155
69E3 3470
305L
3757P 2470P
2020 822
1836 79B
5480B 4460B
9P
836 35B
MW-3B
T
6970
213
8640L
648
23P
14800
19L
6890
2290
150
2160B
IP
145
D
870
178P
8120L
49B
13P
38P
36
5180
1850
SOB
1320B
109
a Sampling dates: 12/19/90 and 12/20/90
b Only elements detected are summarized.
c All units ug/1
d) T - Total metals (unfiltered)
e) 0 - Dissolved metals (filtered)
MW-4
. T D
985
38 29
11900 10200
19L
2440 J 30 1L
8L
5870 5030
1850 1820L
62 29L
2140L 2380L
3J
101 23
MW-5 MW-S(DUP)
T
517
66P
10200
41P
43E3J
21
5540
6650
44
2440L
2J
74
D T
604
48P 85P
6950 11300
9L
31P 41P
33700 43E3J
23
4290 5760
6300L 6550
32P 46.1
2280L
1J 2J
39J 72
D
47P
6540
33P
31600
3900P
4560
18P
1SOOL
2J
36
MU-9 FIELD BLANK
T
21500
618
3P
12
17E3L
75B
159
2230
23L
8340
1770
514
24BOB
367
DTD
18200
24B
4P
4P . 2P
18E3L 90B
918 16B
150
110 28B
12 4B
8370
1830
400
2660B
21
362
B - Not detected above levels measured in blanks.
L - Analyte present. Value reported is biased low, actual value expected
P - Analyte
present.
RINSE BLANK
T D
* 119P
18P
129L
15B 11B
6P
20P
490B 350B
9P
to be higher.
Quantltatlon my not be accurate
-------
Table 5
Ground-Water Data Sunmary (a)
Organic Compounds
Monitoring Wells
NKT LOCATION
COMPOUND (b)
VoUtlUs
1.1 dlchloroethene
1.1 dlchloroe thane
chloroform
1.1.1 trlchloroethane
1,2-dlchloropropane
Mthylene chloride
1.2 dlchloroethane
tol uene
total xylenes
CRQL(c) NW-1 HW-2 HW-3 NW-3B HW-4
5
5
5 0.7B
5 4J
5
5
5
5
5
MW-9 FIELD RINSE TRIP
NW-5 HW-9 DUP BLANK BLANK BLANK
3J 2J 2J
19 5 5
0.6B ZJ 2J 2J
43 150 140
400'" 400"'
3J 3J 30
1J 1J
0.5J
0.9J
a) Sampling date: 2/21/91
ibi Only compounds detected are simarlzed.
I c i All units ug/1
id) QuantUated fro* Secondary Dilution
J Analyte present. Reported value May not be accurate or precise.
-------
Table 5'(continued)
Ground-Water Data Sumnary (a)
Inorganics
Monitoring Wells
NKT LOCATION
ELEMENT CRDL
(b) (c)
AluMinuM 200
Arsenic 10
BarluM 200
Beryl HUM 5
CadMluM 5
CalcluM 5000
ChroMluM 10
Cobalt 50
K> Copper 25
^ Iron 100
Lead 3
MagnesluM 5000
Manganese 15
Mercury 0.2
Nickel 40
PotassluM 5000
SodluM 5000
VandluM 50
Zinc 20
MU-1 MW-2
T(d) D(e) T
1248 1248 223
89. 5P 95P 92. IP
3.38 2.2B 2.3P
8440 8750 4870P
3.28 2.38 3.78
2.2P 5.3P 6.2P
15. 6P 20. 6B 21.78
1638 21.38 259
9.3K 6. SB 8.6K
4710P 5000P 39SOP
319 339 240
27.68 52. IB 38. OB
14808 1530B 1300B
95800 101E3 69700
1158 128B 139B
D
210
86. 7P
2.78
4800P
8. OP
55.28
16.98
11. 8J
5000P
235
36.28
13708
70600
1368
MU-3
T D
86400 191P
11.2
5360 IS. IP
2.68 3. OB
9840 6470
144
95.7 42. 2P
196J 38. IB
136E3 1308
178K 4.0
13500 2350P
2070 737
0.98
138 100
977D 2880P
96300 97500
76.1
496 120
MU-3B
T
12300
3.2P
254
9470
22.2
87.8
65. 8B
24900
45. 5K
8110
3060
0.24
57. 3B
3660P
121E3
15. OP
24. BB
D
534
191P
2.06
9000
2.3B
69.7
33.98
340
2.2B
5540
2410
81.48
1770B
119E3
139B
MW-4
T D
1180 15.08
42. 6P 32. IP
10300 9920
7.18
6.5P 4. OP
7.6B 74. U
2300 99. SB
9.2 9.1J
5370 5130
1950 1910
36. 6B 26. 2B
2010B 1770B
172E3 174E3
82.28 102B
MW-5
T
1440
54. 6P
2.66
7890
10. 8B
195
25. SB
42500
11.8
3800P
5150
27. OB
1480B
25000
101B
D
24. 4B
3. IP
37. 6P
5760
3. SB
50.3
28.48
40500
17. 9J
3620P
5840
21. IB
11006
24600
76.96
MU-9
T
22100
3.5J
193P
7.3
2.76
24800
24.1
166
184J
12700
16. IK
12000
2970
161
3850P
54700
7.4P
SIS
D
16300
14. 6P
5.8
24500
3. OB
158
145J
91. 2B
8. OB
10700
2700
142
3120P
54400
481
MU-9 (DUP)
T D
24700 16400
4.2P
278 14. OP
7.7 4.3P
2. 66 3.16
24600 24600
48.1 2.26
166 157
180J 167J
19300 80.48
16. 6K 9.9J
12400 10700
3010 2730
163 145
4410P 2850P
53600 54500
12. 3P
509 490
FIELD BLANK RINSE BLANK
T D T D
16.76 13. 7B 36.2 16.26
1.3P
2.26
392B 31.96 153P 22. 9P
3.46 2.16
7.86 7.16 27.88 2.76
13.56 8.66 44.3 8. 88
1.36 1.46 1.76 1.5B
27.78
17.96
4216
98.66 1316 2546 1006
11.26 16. SB 54.46
a) Sampling date: 2/21/91
b Only eleoents detected are sunnarlzed.
c All units ug/1
d T - Total Metals (unflltered) .
e) D - Dissolved netals (filtered)
B - Not detected above levels Measured In'blanks. J - Analyte present. Reported value nay not be accurate or precise.
L - Analyte present. Value reported Is biased low, actual value expected to be higher.
P - Analyte present. Quantltatlon May not be accurate.
-------
trichloroethane was reported in MW-3 from the second sampling
event. The MKT location is the most likely source of organic
compounds in the mine pool, given that no organics were detected in
upgradient monitoring wells. Chloroform and methylene chloride
detections in both rounds appear to be derived from lab blank
contamination.
Inorganics detected in monitoring wells at the MKT location are
attributed to a combination of naturally elevated background
conditions, the effects of mining and AMD, and former MKT location
activities. The naturally elevated pH of the ground water results
in the high concentrations of inorganics in the ground water by
causing pH extensive dissolution of inorganics from soils at the
MKT location and from the country rock in the subsurface. Of the
inorganics detected in ground water, iron, manganese, beryllium,
and nickel are associated with AMD. Inorganics that were detected
at levels within background concentrations include barium, cadmium,
lead, copper, and aluminum. Arsenic and chromium were detected in
one -sample from sampling event, but they were not detected in
surface water downgradient from the site. Only cobalt, silver, and
zinc were detected in concentrations that might be considered site-
related.
OFF-SITE GROUND-WATER INVESTIGATION
The residential wells located on Silverbrook Road and Still Creek
Road draw water from the water bearing zones within the Mauch Chunk
Formation (see Figure 6), which is not present at the surface at
the MKT location. Previous EPA studies completed in 1984 and 1985
both concluded that the residential wells were not likely to be
hydrologically connected to the MKT location. However, the
hydrogeologic relationship was re-evaluated during the 1991 focused
RI, and nearby residential wells were resampled.
Ground-water elevations measured on December 19 and 20, 1990, in
residential areas and general flow directions in the MKT location
vicinity are shown schematically in Figure 10. A generally
southerly hydrologic gradient is indicated by the water elevations,
with the highest water elevations measured in the Silverbrook Road
residences, lower water elevations in the MKT location wells
(decreasing from north to south across the MKT location), and the
lowest measured levels occurring in the residential wells along
Still Creek Road.
Based on water level information, the Silverbrook Road residential
wells are hydrologically upgradient from the wells at the MKT
location. Residential well pumping is not considered to be of
sufficient magnitude to change this general flow direction. In
addition to occurring hydrologically upgradient from the MKT
location, the residential wells along Silverbrook Road are situated
"across geologic structure" from the MKT location. Ground water
movement in sedimentary or meta-sedimentary rocks is likely to
25
-------
LOFTY CREEK
CRASHER 16681
*/l POTTEN d6Z?J W^^o
;i654i« <«rTio>0
WATER LEVELS (2-20-91)
MW-1.MW-2
MW-3B.MW-4
MW-3,MW-5,MW-9
GROUND ELEVATIONS AT RESIDENTIAL WELL
LOCATIONS WERE APPROXIMATED FROM
U-S.O.S. TOPOGRAPHIC SHEETS
UTTLC 3CHUYLKILL
RIVER
LEGEND.
RESIDENTIAL WELL SAMPLE
GENERAL GROUND-WATER FLOW DIRECTION
[10001 GROUND WATER ELEVATION IFEET ABOVE SEA LEVEL!
(JOOO^SURFACE WATER ELEVATION IFEET ABOVE SEA LEVELJ
0 750 1500
/V^-
X,^
/ \J ^\
' \v \y
^^
FEET
FIGURE 10
REGIONAL GROUND-WATER FLOW
MCADOO AREA, PENNSYLVANIA
26
-------
preferentially occur along, rather than across, planer structural
zones such as bedding planes and faults. Therefore, in order for
ground water from the MKT location to reach the residential wells
located along Silverbrook Road, it would have to flow both
upgradient and across geologic structure, neither of which are
probable. Finally, the well cemented lithology of the Pottsville
Formation has been reported to act as a barrier to ground water
movement in the area.
The residential wells along Still Creek Road are located south of
the MKT location, which is nominally considered hydrologically
"downgradient." However, the occurrence of the Little Schuylkill
River and its proximity to the residential wells induces ground
water flow towards the river, or to the southwest on the eastern
side of the river. Additionally, the residential wells are located
along the axis of the Delano Syncline in the Middle Member of the
Mauch Chunk Formation. At the MKT location, this geologic unit is
encountered only in the subsurface at a depth of greater than 2000
feet (Figure 6). In order for ground water from the MKT location
to reach the residential wells located along Still Creek Road, it
would have to flow across several intercepting zones, including
bedding planes and four large fault zones, which is unlikely.
Given the MKT location and regional geology and hydrogeology, the
residential wells and Honey Brook water supply wells are not
hydrologically connected to the MKT location. Consequently, there
is no complete ground-water migration pathway between the MKT
location and nearby residential wells.
The off-site ground-water sampling that was conducted in
conjunction with the 1991 focused RI included six residential wells
(see Figure 10) and the Honey Brook Water Company well(s) (near the
MBS location). Ground-water samples were collected in March 1990
and December 1990 from three residential wells located along Silver
Brook Road (north of the MKT location) and three residential wells
located along Still Creek Road (south of the MKT location).
Ground-water samples obtained from residential tap sources were
analyzed for TCL and TAL (total only). A summary of organic and
inorganic sampling results for the two sampling events is given in
Table 6.
Only a few compounds were detected in the samples collected from
the residential wells. Methylene chloride was most frequently
detected, especially in the first sampling event, but it was also
detected in QA/QC blanks, thus is a suspected laboratory
contaminant. The source of the other organics that were detected
is unknown, but their levels are below relevant maximum contaminant
concentrations. Several inorganics were also detected in the
residential tap water samples, although concentrations were also
below relevant maximum contaminant levels.
27
-------
Table 6
Ground-Water Data Surmary
Organic Compounds
Residential Uells
HKT LOCATION
1990
Clymer Orasher Potten Klein Uesner Rltslck Krushlnsky Krushinsky Honey FIELD TRIP
TAP TAP TAP TAP TAP TAP TAP TAP (DUP) Brook BLANK BLANK
COMPOUNDS (a)
VOLATILE!
CRQL
(b)
3/21 12/20 3/21 12/19 3/21 12/19 3/21 12/19 3/21 12/19 3/21 12/19 3/21 12/19 3/21 12/19 3/21 12/19 3/21 12/19 3/21 12/19
chloroform
ethyl ene
chloride
tHchloroethane
0.3
0.2J
0.8B 0.6B 0.7B
1.0 0.8J
0.9B
IB
0.7B
IB
2B
IB
tetrachloroethene
0.5
SEMI-VOLATUES
ethoxychlor
dleldrln
alpha-chlordane
.0310
.0083J
.00420
1a) Only elements detected are s
b)
All units ug/1
rlzed.
B - Not detected above levels Measured In blanks
L - Analyte present. Value reported Is biased low, actual value expected to be higher.
P - Analyte present. Quant1 tat1 on *ay not be accurate.
J - Analyte present. Reported value My not be accurate or precise.
-------
Table 6 (continued)
Ground-Hater Data Sumnary
Inorganics
Residential Wells
MKT LOCATION
1990
ELEMENT
Aluminum
Antimony
Arsenl c
Barium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Cobalt
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Vandlum
Zinc
(a) Only el en
jb) All units
* * * _ A J_i__
CRDL
(b)
200
60
10
200
5
5000
10
50
25
100
3
5000
15
40
5000
5
10
5000
10
50
20
ents
UQ/1
Clyner
TAP
3/21 12/20
297 119P
92 67P
11E3J 9450
14L
9
1990 209L
11 72B
5 4K
9680 7980
934 386
15 34P
1910 1190L
76605 190L
75 40
detected are s
(total metals
Drasher
TAP
3/21
3B
1090J
899
22
2210
7B
530
1680
40
12/19
1360P
304
163L
12
2040P
IIP
1760P
11B
26B
Pot ten
TAP
3/21 12/19
206
3260J 3450P
2300 130
886 26L
7 4
2210 2080P
4B 5P
43
290
971 1360P
SB
26 10B
Klein Uesner
TAP TAP
3/21 12/19 3/21
264
104
38
807J 1240L 9590J
101 44L 35B
9B 586 754
7 3
481 527B 3390
394
46
191 1330
3
1240 770L 23E3
11 13P 20
12/19
156P
94P
9680
260L
2P
3340P
363
22P
865L
25E3L
18P
Ritsick
TAP
3/21 12/19
182
30
13 12P
68
9520J 8560
6
9790L 525
158 758
28 23
2340 2640P
6B 5L
49
804 430L
14E3 11E3L
127 25
Krushinsky
TAP
3/21
186
79
20E3J
1780
2BB
41
4750
150
1910
56600
175
12/19
61P
13000
371
118L
20
3050P
114
58
395P
36300
57
Krushinsky FIELD RINSE
TAP (DUP) Honeybrook BLANK BLANK
3/21 12/19 3/21 12/19 3/21 12/19 3/21 12/19
166B 1626 183
4L
51P
26
12400 20E3J 19900
271 9B
120L 216 27B 98
16 4 2K IP
3030P 2040 2070B
106
47 49
350L 249
36400 3980 3640L 1356 4108 816
26K
166
41B 126
unurlzed.
L - Analyte present. Value reported Is biased low, actual value expected to be higher.
P - Analyte present. Quantitatlon may not be accurate.
J - Analyte present. Reported value may not be accurate or precise.
K - Analyte present. Reported value may be biased high, actual value expected to be lower.
-------
MCADOO-BLAINE STREET (MBS) LOCATION
BACKGROUND INFORMATION REVIEW
The 1991 focused RI evaluated the results of confirmatory sampling
performed by EPA as part of the removal of five underground tanks
and approximately 3000 cubic yards of contaminated soil from the
MBS location in 1985. Twelve soil samples were collected during
1985 removal activities at locations shown in Figure 11. In
addition, 5 surface water samples were collected in 1985 from
surface water features in the vicinity of the MBS location, at
locations depicted in Figure 12. All samples were analyzed for a
complete list of organic compounds _ and inorganics (Priority
Pollutant List).
The results of confirmatory soil and surface water sampling are
given in Tables 7 and 8. The results indicate that a few MBS
location-related contaminants (organics and inorganics) remain in
the subsurface soil. Regarding surface water, four organics and
three inorganics were detected in the sample collected in the sewer
outfall. In summary, the results of the historic soil and surface
water sampling, and recent sampling of the Honeybrook wells
indicate that MBS location related contaminants have not affected
nearby surface water features or public water supply wells.
30
-------
-APPROXIMATE LOCATION OF 27* SEWER
ss-oo2(6"ai2")
ILTER BARRIER
FENCE
CLEAN" SOIL PILE
L-
/ *SS-009
"DIRTY"
SOIL PILE
SOLP.LE
APPROXIMATE LOCATION OF
TOP OF EXCAVATION
TOP OF DIVERSION DIKE
NOTE'SS-OOt, SS-OO2-6". aSS-OO2-l2*ARE COMPOSITE SAMPLES TAKEN FROM THE 4 LOCATIONS SHOWN
«or TO SCALE
SOURCE: NUS IRM FINAL REPORT, BLAINE STREET SHE, JULY 1986
FIGURE 11
SOIL SAMPLING LOCATIONS
MCADOO-BLAINE STREET LOCATION
MCADOO, PENNSYLVANIA
-------
M iN v ' ; -; L:
-i SW-003 a SW-003A
Kel«yrgft'.-.:rr;.V.-'jf
S :'.'."* ' leuj-/-
FIGURE 12
SURFACE WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS
MCADOO-BLAINE STREET LOCATION
MCADOO, PENNSYLVANIA
APPROXIMATE SCALE I" 2000'
SOURCE: NUS IRM FINAL REPORT, 3LAIME STREET
SITE, JULY 1986
POUK
ORIGINAL
-------
Table 7
Contaminants Detected in Soil - Phase 1
HBS LOCATION
(results reported In /jg/kg)"1
Contaminants
Monocvcllc Aromatics
Total xylenes
Haloqenated Aliphatics
Methylene chlorld
Contaminated*
Soil Pile -
Composite
001
Ide
Phthalate Esters
B1s(Z-ethylhexyl)phthai ate
Polynuclear Aromatic
Hydrocarbons
Naphthalene
2-Methylnaphthalene
Acenaphthylene
Pyrene
Fluoroanthene
Phenanthrene
4 Acenaphthene
*> Fluorene
Anthracene
Benzo(a)anthracene
Chrysene
Benzo(k)f1uoranthene
Benzompvrene
Indeno(l.Z.3-cd)pyrene
D1benzo(a,h)anthracene
Benzo(g,h.1)perylene
Pesticides
180
260
140
24
49
-BHC (llndane)
Heptachlor epo>
4.4'-DDE
4.4'-DDT
epoxlde
Inorganics fag/kg)
Chromium
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Nickel
Zinc
Percent Moisture
15
26
99
0.2
119
17
"Uncontamlnated*
Soil Pile -
Composite
OOZ-6 OOZ-1Z
13
19
114
0.3
22
91
Pit Floor
53 "DW
Pit Wall
1)05
006
15.000 1.100
1,600
6.500
l.BOO
1.900
150
24
77
120
80
56
12
24
161
0.2
18
93
13
10
4
0.023
0.3
20
10
5
34
32
10
7
29
61
0.3
164
19
9
24
115
0.2
73
12
notes:
'"Lab results validated by NUS Corporation
Samples 001. 002-6, and 002-12 Mere composites from four areas within each pile.
Sample 002-12 was collected at a depth of 12 Inches.
Samples 005-007 were collected at a depth of approximately 6-8 feet.
007
35
35
63
180
380
180
93
110
180
130
100
16
91
16
24
115
0.3
102
12
008
30
91
170
340
140
60
89
200
120
96
44
Trench
008A
82
30
57
86
30
14
009
2,400
3.700
"DTP
470
130
540
210
310
1.700
2.600
3.100
1.800
120
460
870
1.400
2.500
2.200
1,900
1.800
2,100
2.400
4.9
12
23
104
0.1
165
17
9
15
114
0.3
87
14
11
23
114
0.2
90
10
11
38
267
0.3
174
16
Sample 002-6 was collected at a depth of 6 inches.
Samples 003, 004. 008-010 were collected at a depth of 12 feet.
SOURCE: NUS Corporation IRM Final Report - July 1986
-------
Table 8
Contaminants Detected In Surface Water
MBS LOCATION
(results reported In pg/l)("
SW-004
SW-003 SU-003A Sewer Outfall
SW-001 SU-002 West of West of (Downstream
Contaminant Reservoir' Bridge Site Site of Site)
Halogenated Allphatlcs
1.1.1-Trlchloroethane 200
Methylene chloride 89
Ketones
Acetone 21
Phthalate Esters
B1s(2-ethy1hexyl)phthalate 4
Inorganics
Antimony 15
Chromium 3 3
Copper 64 55 60
Zinc 29 40 36 49 90
(1) Note: Only compounds detected ire presented
SOURCE: NUS Corporation IRM Final Report - July 1986
-------
SUMMARY OF SITE RISKS
As part of the scope of work of the 1991 focused RI/FS completed
for the site, a baseline risk assessment (RA) was performed. The
RA typically, evaluates the current and potential future risk(s) to
human health and the environment as a result of site-related
contaminants. It should be noted that most of the previous risks
to human health and environment posed by the McAdoo Associates site
were addressed as part of the 1984 IRM ROD removing tanks and
contaminated soils at the MBS location, and the 1985 ROD removing
contaminated soil and installing a cap on the entire area at the
MKT location.
A summary of risks to human health and the environment as
determined in the RA is set forth below. This section summarizes
the findings of the human health risk and ecological risk
assessment for the McAdoo Associates site. A summary of the risk
assessment, including a description of the contaminants of
potential concern, exposure pathways of concern, and potential
carcinogenic risks and noncarcinogenic hazards estimated for the
pathways quantitatively evaluated in the RI report is included in
this section.
Contaminants of Potential Concern
Of the compounds detected at the McAdoo Associates site,
contaminants of potential concern were selected based on several
criteria, including evaluating the percent contribution of risk
using derived risk factors, and the likely effect of former mining
activities and acid mine drainage on the area. Contaminants of
potential concern were selected for ground water at the MKT
location as well as surface water and sediments in the Little
Schuylkill River. Residential wells were not evaluated in the risk
assessment since volatile organic compounds detected in these wells
were not found to be site-related, although background levels of
lead in the regional ground water may be of concern to public
health.
Twenty-two chemicals were selected as contaminants of potential
concern at the McAdoo Associates site including carcinogenic PAHs,
volatile organic compounds, and a limited number of inorganics that
differed between media. Most of the inorganics present in the
ground water, surface water, and sediment can be predominantly
attributed to the acid mine drainage in the area, and in most cases
were not identified as site-related contaminants of concern.
35
-------
Exposure Assessment
The following current land-use exposure pathways were
quantitatively evaluated:
direct contact with surface water and sediments by children
playing in Little Schuylkill River; and
ingestion of fish caught from Little Schuylkill River by
recreational fisherman.
The following future land-use exposure pathways were quantitatively
evaluated:
ingestion of ground water and absorption and inhalation of
chemicals while showering by hypothetical residents at the MKT
location; and
incidental ingestion and dermal absorption by hypothetical
construction workers exposed to subsurface soils at the MBS
location.
Exposure point concentrations were estimated for each contaminant
of potential concern and exposure pathway. Exposure point
concentrations and exposure parameters values were combined using
a chemical intake equation to estimate exposure (i.e., chronic
daily intake [GDI]) for the reasonable maximum exposure (RME) case
for each contaminant of potential concern and pathway.
Human Health Risk
Toxicity criteria and GDIs identified in the Risk Assessment
portion of the 1991 focused RI report were combined to quantify
potential carcinogenic risks and noncarcinogenic hazards associated
with the exposure pathways quantitatively evaluated in the McAdoo
Associates site baseline risk assessment.
Potential carcinogenic risk was quantified by multiplying the GDI
by the slope factor. Conservative exposure assumptions were used
to estimate the GDIs in order that potential risk will not be
underestimated. The assumptions used are discussed in detail in
the 1991 focused RI report. Chemical-specific cancer risks were
summed in order to quantify the total cancer risk associated with
exposure to all contaminants of concern at the site. Potential
carcinogenic risks were expressed as an increased probability of
developing cancer over a lifetime (i.e., excess individual lifetime
cancer risk). For example, a 10~6 increased cancer risk can be
interpreted as an increased risk of 1 in 1,000,000 for developing
cancer over a lifetime if an individual is exposed to site-related
36
-------
contaminants. The NCP states that "for known or suspected
carcinogens, acceptable levels are generally concentration levels
that represent an excess upper bound lifetime cancer risk to an
individual of between 10"4 and 10~6."
The noncarcinogenic hazard associated with exposure to a chemical
was quantified by dividing the GDI by the chemical-specific
reference dose (RfD) (note that the RfD values used in the 1991
focused RI risk assessment were obtained from current IRIS and
HEAST data base updates.) This ratio is called the hazard
quotient. If the hazard quotient exceeds unity (one), then an
adverse health effect may occur. If the hazard quotient is less
than unity, then adverse noncarcinogenic hazards are unlikely to
occur. The potential hazard from all site-related contaminants was
evaluated by calculating the hazard index, which is the sum of the
chemical-specific hazard quotients.
A summary of the potential carcinogenic risks and noncarcinogenic
hazards estimated for the exposure pathways quantitatively
evaluated in the HcAdoo Associates site baseline risk assessment
are presented in Tables 9 through 15 and are summarized below:
Current risks to human health related to direct exposure (i.e.
children playing in the Little Schuylkill River) to surface water
and sediments are within the National Contingency Plan (NCP)
acceptable risk range (i.e. greater than 10~4) for carcinogens
(predominantly polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons [PAHs]).
Noncarcinogenic hazard was calculated to be below unity (Tables
9 and 10). Therefore, both carcinogenic or noncarcinogenic
health effects associated with exposure to site-related
contaminants present in surface water or sediment are unlikely to
occur.
There are no current site-related human health risks associated
with the residual subsurface soil contamination at the MBS
location. All residual contaminants are located at least 10 to
12 feet below the subsurface, and no current complete human
health exposure pathway is identified.
Current risks to human health related to ingestion of fish are
within the NCP acceptable risk range for carcinogens (bis(2-
ethylhexyl)phthalate), and noncarcinogenic hazard is calculated
to be below unity (Table 11). Therefore, both carcinogenic or
noncarcinogenic health effects associated with ingestion of fish
exposed to MKT location-related contaminants present in surface
water or sediment are unlikely to occur.
37
-------
Table 9
Potential Carcinogenic Risk Associated with Direct Contact
of Surface Hater by Children Playing In Little Schuylklll River for the RUE Case
Chealcal
RME Chronic
Dally Intake
(g/kg/day)
Slope
Factor
(mg/kg/day)
Weight-
of-Evldence
Potential
Cancer Risk
Organlcs:
b1s(2-Ethylhexyl)phtha1at*
6.8E-5
1.4E-2
B2
l.OE-6
to
oo
Potential Noncarclnogenlc Risks Associated with Direct
Contact of Surface Water by Children Playing 1n Little Schuylklll River
for the RUE Case
Chemical (a)
Organlcs:
b1s(2-Ethylhexyl)phthalate
Inorganics:
Zinc
RME Chronic
Dally Intake
(^/kg/day)
4.8E-4
6.0E-3
Total
RfD
(ng/kg/day)
2.0E-2
2.0E-1
Hazard Index:
RfD
Uncertainty
Factor
1000
10
Hazard
Quotient
2.4E-2
3.0E-2
2.7E-2
(a) Toxlclty criteria were not available for aluminum and cobalt; therefore, hazard quotients were not estimated for these elements.
-------
Table 10
Potential Carcinogenic Risks Associated with Direct Contact with
Sediment for Children Playing in Little SchuylMIl River for the RNE Case
CO
\o
Cheaical
Organlcs:
Benzo(a)pyrene
(Equivalent)
Inorganics (a):
Arsenic
Cheaical (b)
Inorganics: (a)
Arsenic
ChroMlwa
Zinc
Total Hazard Index:
RNE CDI for
Incidental Ingestlon
(.g/kd/day)
1.4E-7
2.4E-6
Potential
Sediments for
RME CDI for
Incidental Ingestlon
(g/kd/day)
1.7E-5
5.0E-4
7.1E-4
RME CDI for
Dermal Absorption
(g/kg/day)
1.4E-7
Slope
Factor
(g/kg/day)1
1.2E+1
1.7E+0
Total Carcinogenic Risk by Route:
Total Carcinogenic Risk for Sediment:
Noncarclnogenlc Risks Associated with Direct
Children Playing In Little Schuylklll River
RME CDI
For Dermal Absorption
(g/kg/day)
Ueight-
of-
Evidence
B2
A
Potential
Cancer
Risk for
Ingestlon
1.7E-6
4.1E-6
5.8E-6
Potential
Cancer Risk
for Dermal
Absorption
1.7E-6
_ _ _
1.7E-6
7.5E-6
Contact with
for the RME Case
RfD
RfD Uncertainty
(g/kd/day) Factor
l.OE-3
5.0E-3
2.0E-1
1
500
10
1.2E-1
Hazard Quotient
for Ingestlon
1.7E-2
l.OE-1
3.6E-3
Hazard Quotient
for Dermal
Absorption
"" "*
b) 'Toxlclty criterfa were not available for b'enzo(a)pyrene (equivalent), cobalt, and lead; therefore, hazard quotients were not estimated for
these chemicals.
-------
Table 11
Potential Carcinogenic Risk Associated with Ingestion of Fish
from Little Schuylkill River Under Current Land-Use Conditions for the RME Case
Chemical
Organics:
bis(2-Ethylhexyl)phtha1ate
Chronic
Daily Intake
(mg/kg/day)
1.1E-3
Slope Factor
(mg/kg/day)-'
1.4E-2
Weight of
Evidence
B2
Potential
Cancer Risk
1.5E-5
Potential Noncarcinogenic Risks Associated with Ingestion of Fish
from Little Schuylkill River Under Current Land-Use Conditions for the RME Case
Chemical (a)
Organics:
b1 s (2- Ethy 1 hexy 1 ) ph thai ate
RME Chronic
Daily Intake
(mg/kg/day)
2.5E-3
RfD
(ng/kg/day)
2.0E-2
Total Hazard Index:
RfD
Uncertainty
Factor
1000
Hazard
Quotient
1.3E-1
1.3E-1
(a) Toxicity criteria were not available for aluminum and cobalt; therefore, hazard quotients were not
estimated for these elements.
40-
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The potential risks from multiple exposure pathways under current
land-use conditions are within the NCP acceptable risk range for
carcinogens. the noncarcinogenic hazard was calculated to be
below unity (Table 12).
Future risks to human health related to ingestion of and exposure
via dermal absorption and inhalation to ground water from the MKT
location exist (Tables 13 and 14) . Based on the scenario of
ingestion of and exposure to mine pool ground water, the
potential carcinogenic risk, primarily associated with 1, 2
dichloropropane, is 1 x 10~3, and the hazard index
(noncarcinogenic hazard) is 1. Therefore, there is potential for
carcinogenic risk and noncarcinogenic hazard associated with
future mine pool ground water ingestion and exposure.
However, it is unlikely that the mine pool will ever be used for
water supply given the low pH of the water as a result of acid
mine drainage, low expected well yields, and overall poor natural
background water quality.
Future risks to human health related to exposure to subsurface
soil at the MBS location via future construction activities
(construction worker scenario of exposure via dermal absorption
and incidental ingestion) are within the NCP acceptable risk
range for carcinogens (PAHs), and noncarcinogenic hazard is
calculated to be below unity (Table 15). Therefore, carcinogenic
or noncarcinogenic health effects associated with exposure to
residual contaminants during any future MBS location construction
activities are unlikely to occur.
ECOLOGICAL RISK
There are no federal or Commonwealth of Pennsylvania threatened,
endangered species, or species of concern observed in the
vicinity of the McAdoo Associates site.
The aquatic community of the Little Schuylkill River is severely
affected by AMD, indicating high ecological risk. However, given
the limited amount of MKT location-related contamination in the
surface water and sediment, the impact of the MKT location to the
aquatic community is minimal.
No ecological risk is identified with respect to the MBS
location.
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Table 12
Potential Risks from Multiple Exposure Pathways
under Current Land-Use Conditions
Potential
Carcinogenic Risk
Pathway for the RME Case
Children Playing in Little Schuylkill River:
Ingestion of sediments
Dermal absorption from sediments
Dermal absorption from surface water
Subtotal for Pathway:
Fishing in Little Schuylkill River
Total for all Routes (a):
6E-6
2E-6
1E-6
9E-6
2E-5
3E-5
Hazard Index
for RME Case
0.12
0
0.03
0.15
0.13
0.28
(a) ' It should be noted that these risk estimates are conservative upper-bound estimates that assume
that an individual is exposed according to the RME scenario outlined in this report for all
exposure pathways evaluated; and thus represents the maximum possible risk under current land-use
conditions.
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Table 13
Potential Carcingenic Risks Associated with Ingest ion and Dermal Absorption Exposure of
from Use of Ground Water at the MKT Location by Hypothetical Residents for the RHE Case
Chemical
RHE Chronic
Daily Intake
(mg/kg/day)
Slope
Factor
(mg/kg/dayr
Ueight-
of-Evidence
Potential
Cancer Risk
Organics:
1,1-Dichloroethane
1,1-Dichloroethene
1,2-Oichloropropane
6.0E-4
1.2E-4
1.2E-2
9.1E-2
6.0E-1
6.8E-2
C
C
B2
5.5E-5
7.2E-5
6.2E-A
Total Carcinogenic Risk:
1E-3
Potential Noncarcinogenic Risks Associated with Ingest ion and Dermal Absorption Exposure
from Use of Ground Water at the MKT Location by Hypothetical Residents
for the RHE Case
Chemical (a)
RHE Chronic
Daily Intake
(mg/kg/day)
RfD
(mg/kg/day)
RfD
Uncertainty
Factor
Hazard
Quotient
Organ!cs:
1,1-Dichloroethane
1,1-Dichloroethene
1,1,1-Trichloroethane
1.4E-3
2.9E-4
1.0E-2
1.0E-1
9.0E-3
9.0E-2
1000
1000
1000
1.4E-2
3.2E-2
1.1E-1
Inorganics:
Silver
Zinc
2.0E-3
3.5E-2
3.0E-3
2.0E-1
2
10
Total Hazard Index:
6.7E-1
1.BE-1
2.7E+0
(a) Toxicity criteria were not available for aluminum, cobalt and 1,2-dichloropropane.
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Table 14
Potential Carcinogenic Risks Associated with the Inhalation of VOCs
While Showering for Hypothetical Residents
at the MKT Location for the RME Case
Chemical
1,1-Oichloroethane
1,1-Oichloroethene
1 ,2-01 chl oropropane
RME Chronic
Daily intake
(rag/kg/day)
2.3E-4
4.8E-5
4.8E-3
Slope Weight-
Factor of-
(mg/kg/day)"' Evidence
9.1E-2 C
1.2E+0 C
6.8E-2(a) 82
Total Carcinogenic Risk:
Potential
Cancer Risk
2.1E-5
5.8E-5
3.2E-4
4.0E-4
Potential Noncarcinogenic Risks Associated with
Inhalation of VOCs While Showering for Hypothetical Residents
at the MKT Location for the RME Case
Chemical (b)
1 , 1-01 chl oroethane
1 , 1-01 chl oroethene
1 ,1 , 1-Tri chl oroethane
RME Chronic
Daily Intake
(mg/kg/day)
5.7E-4
1.2E-4
4.8E-3
RfD
mg/kg/day)
l.OE-1
9.0E-3(c)
3.0E-1
RfD
Uncertainty
Factor
1000
1000
1000
Hazard
Quotient
5.7E-3
1.3E-2
1.6E-2
Total Hazard Index:
3.5E-2
No inhalation slop* factor (SF) was available for 1,2-dl chl oropropane for this pathway. In order
to calculate risk, the ore! SF was used.
(b)
(e)
No oral or Inhalation RfDs were available for 1,2-di chl oropropane; therefore, the estimated risk
does not include this cheaical.
No Inhalation RfD was available for 1.1-dichloroethene for this pathway.
risk, the oral RfD wes used.
In order to calculate
44
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Table 15
Potential Carcinogenic Risks
Associated with Direct Contact with
Subsurface Soils by Hypothetical
Construction Workers
MBS Location
Organi cs:
Benzo(a)pyrene (Equivalent)
gamM-BHC
DOT (total)
b1s(2-Ethylhexyl)phthalate
Heptachlor Epoxide
Hethylene Chloride
Exposure
Point
Concentration
(ug/kg)
5.271
44
107
6,500
4.9
470
RME
CDI
(mg/kg/day)
3.1E-8
2.6E-10
6.3E-10
3.8E-8
2.9E-11
Ong/kg/day)"
11.5
1.3
0.34
0.014
9.1
5.6E-9 7.5E-3
Total Carcinogenic Risk:
Potential
Carcinogenic
Risk
3.6E-7
3.4E-10
2.1E-10
5.3E-10
2.6E-10
4.2E-11
4E-7
Potential Noncardnogenlc Hazards
Chemical
Organic* (ug/kg):
Acetone
gamna-BHC
DDT (total)
b1 s (2-Ethyl hexyl ) phthal ate
Heptachlor Epoxide
Methyl ene Chloride
Exposure Point
Concentration
130
44
107
6,500
4.9
470
RME
CDI
(mg/kg/day)
6.0E-7
l.OE-7
2.5E-7
1.5E-5
1.1E-8
2.2E-6
RFD
(mg/kg/day)
1E-1
3E-4
5E-4
2E-2
1.3E-5
6E-2
Hazard
Quotient
6.0E-6
3.3E-4
5.0E-4
7.5E-4
8.5E-4
3.7E-5
PolycvcHc Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Anthracene
Ft ouranthene
F1 ourtne
Napthalene
Pyren«
Xylenes (total)
Inorganics (mo/kg);
Chromium
Copper
Mercury
Z1nc
870
3,100
460
210
2,600
2.400
16
38
0.3
174
2.0E-6
7.1E-6
1.1E-6
4.8E-7
6.0E-6
5.5E-6
2.2E-S
5.3E-S
4.2E-7
2.4E-4
3E-1
4E-3
4E-2
4E-3
3E-2
2E+0
5E-3
1.3E+0
3E-4
2E-1
Hazard Index
6.7E-6
1.8E-3
2.8E-5
1.2E-4
2.0E-4
2.8E-6
4.4E-3
4.1E-5
1.4E-3
1.2E-3
1E-2
45
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SELECTED REMEDY
After consideration of the existing and future risks posed to human
health and environment, EPA's selected remedy for the McAdoo
Associates site is No Further Action, with monitoring. Based on
information collected to date, the EPA has determined that no
additional remedial actions other than those already implemented
are required to ensure protection of human health and the
environment beyond ground-water monitoring. Monitoring at the MKT
location (which is already proposed as part of the 1985 ROD) will
be expanded to include all of the existing monitoring wells.
Samples from these wells shall be analyzed for volatile organic
compounds and nine inorganics. Three inorganics (cobalt, silver,
and zinc) are included because they were selected as contaminants
of concern for ground water during the RI for this ROD, and the
other six inorganics (beryllium, cadmium, chromium, nickel, lead,
and cyanide) were selected in view of their concentrations detected
in soil samples collected as part of the RI for the 1985 ROD for
this site. At the MBS location, four monitoring wells will be
installed and long-term ground-water monitoring will be performed.
Samples from these wells shall be analyzed for volatile and semi-
volatile organic compounds and TAL inorganics. The duration of
ground-water monitoring at both locations will be 30 years.
Although the ground water in the mine pool is contaminated with 1,
2 dichloropropane, it does not result in any additional level of
risk since there is no complete pathway to affect human health. If
the mine pool were considered for use as a source of potable water,
the technical difficulties associated with treating this ground
water would prevent any such project from occurring. These
difficulties are primarily associated with the treatment that would
be required to make the water potable, namely the large amount of
lime that would be required to adjust the pH of the highly acidic
water, and the treatment that would be required to reduce the high
concentrations of metals present. The pH adjustment and metals
treatment alone would result in the generation of large amounts of
lime sludge that would need to be disposed of either in a municipal
or possibly a hazardous waste disposal facility. Furthermore, once
the pre-treatment is complete, it is likely that additional
treatment for the 1, 2 dichloropropane would be required, as this
compound would probably volatilize during the exothermic reaction
and vigorous mixing associated with the pre-treatment process.
Therefore, as discussed above, it would be unreasonable to assume
that this water resource, which has been severely affected by
natural conditions, would ever provide a complete pathway for human
exposure to necessitate any remedial action beyond the No Further
Action alternative.
The present worth cost of this No Further Action, with Monitoring
remedy is $503,540. The breakdown of this cost is $69,540 for the
46
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capital costs (primarily monitoring well installation) and $434,000
for monitoring costs.
Because this remedy will result in hazardous substances remaining
on-site, a review will be conducted within five years after the
commencement of this remedial action in accordance with Section
121(c) of CERCLA, 42 U.S.C. Section 9621(c), to ensure that human
health and the environment continue to be adequately protected by
the remedy. It should be noted that previous remedial actions
shall also be reviewed in the future.
DOCUMENTATION OF SIGNIFICANT CHANGES
The Proposed Plan for the McAdoo Associates site was released for
public comment on July 22, 1991. The Proposed Plan identified the
no further action, with monitoring alternative as the EPA preferred
alternative. EPA reviewed all written and verbal comments
submitted during the public comment period. Based on the review of
these comments, it was determined that no significant changes to
the preferred alternative, as it was originally identified in the
Proposed Plan (and presented in this ROD), were necessary.
47
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MCADOO ASSOCIATES SITE OU2
ADMINISTRATIVE RECORD FILE *
INDEX OF DOCUMENTS
II. REMEDIAL ENFORCEMENT PLANNING
1 . Report: McAdoo Associates Site, Final Cover System
100 Percent Design Package, prepared by Roy F.
Weston, Inc., 12/7/90. P. 200001-200160. A
transmittal letter is attached.
* Administrative Record File available 7/23/91, updated
7/30/91, updated 9/27/91.
Note: Information pertaining to McAdoo OU2 can also be found
in the McAdoo OU1 Administrative Record File, located at the
same site repository and file as this record.
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III. REMEDIAL RESPONSE PLANNING
1. Report: Work Plan, Volume I, (Technical), Remedial
Investigation/Feasibility Study, prepared by Tetra
Tech, Inc., 9/90. P. 300001-300107.
2. Memorandum to Mr. John S. Mellow, Pennsylvania
Department of Environmental Resources (PADER), from
Ms. Kate Crowley, PADER, re: Comments on the work
plan, 11/8/90. P. 300108-300108.
3. Letter to Mr. Tad Yancheski, Tetra Tech, Inc., from
Mr. Eugene Dennis, U.S. EPA, re: Comments on the
work plan, 11/14/90. P. 300109-300112.
4. Memorandum to Mr. Eugene Dennis, U.S. EPA, from Mr.
Mike Ellickson, U.S. EPA, re: Comments on the
project plan, 12/4/90. P. 300113-300129.
5. Letter to Mr. Eugene Dennis, U.S. EPA, from Mr.
Joseph D'Onofrio, PADER, re: Comments on the work
plan, 12/7/90. P. 300130-300130.
6. Letter to Mr. Ted [sic] Yancheski, Tetra Tech, Inc.,
from Mr. Eugene Dennis, U.S. EPA, re: Comments on
the work plan and Field Sampling Plan, 12/12/90.
P. 300131-300133.
7. Letter to Mr. Eugene Dennis, U.S. EPA, from Mr. Tad
B. Yancheski, Tetra Tech, Inc., re: Revisions to
McAdoo Project Plans, 12/17/90. P. 300134-300174.
The amended pages are attached.
8. Letter to Mr. Tad Yancheski, Tetra Tech, Inc., from
Mr. Eugene Dennis, U.S. EPA, re: Approval of work
plan,'1/14/91. P. 300175-300175.
9. Report: Feasibility Study Report for Surface Water,
Sediment, Ground-Water, and Blaine Street Elements,
prepared by Tetra Tech, Inc., 7/91. P. 300176-
300290.
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10. Report: Remedial Investigation Report for Surface
Water, Sediment, Ground-Water, and Elaine Street
Elements, prepared by Tetra Tech, Inc., 7/91.
P. 300291-300630.
11. Report: Remedial Investigation Report for Surface
Water, Sediment, Ground-Water, and Blaine Street
Elements Appendices, prepared by Tetra Tech, Inc.,
7/91. P. 300631-300899."
12. Letter to Mr. Tad Yancheski, Tetra Tech, Inc., from
Mr. Eugene Dennis, U.S. EPA, re: Comments on the
Draft Remedial Investigation Report. 7/18/91.
P. 300900-300909.
13. Letter to Mr. Tad Yancheski, Tetra Tech, Inc., From
Mr. Eugene Dennis, U.S. EPA, re: Comments on the
Feasibility Study for McAdoo, 7/18/91. P. 300910-
300913.
14. Letter to Mr. Eugene Dennis, U.S. EPA, from Mr. Tad
B. Yancheski, Tetra Tech, Inc., re: Transmittal of
revisions to the RI/FS, 7/22/91. P. 300914-301086.
15. U.S. EPA Proposed Plan, McAdoo Associates Superfund
Site, 7/22/91. P. 301087-301097.
16. Letter to Mr. Eugene Dennis, U.S. EPA, from Mr.
Joseph D'Onofrio, PADER, re: Comments on draft
proposed plan, 7/17/91. P. 301098-301099.
17. Letter to Mr. Eugene Dennis, U.S. EPA, from Mr. Tad
B. Yancheski, Tetra Tech, Inc., re: Transmittal
of Revised Remedial Investigation Study Report,
Appendix B,- 7/23/91. P. 301112-301254. The report
is attached.
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V. COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT/ CONGRESSIONAL
CORRESPONDENCE/IMAGERY
1. U.S. EPA Public Meeting, McAdoo Superfund Site,
8/8/91. P. 500001-500089.
2. Letter to Ms. Francesca DiCosmo, U.S. EPA, from Mr
Michael W. Ziegler, re: Comments to the proposed
clean up alternative, 8/9/91. P. 500090-500090.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY OF SITE SPECIFIC DOCUMENTS
1. Settlement and Cover Subsidence of Hazardous Waste
Landfills: Project Summary, prepared by M. W.L.
Murphv and M. P.A. Gilbert, 5/1/85.
EPA-600/S2-85-035
2 . Review of In-place Treatment Techniques for
Contaminated Surface Soils - Vol. 1: Technical
Evaluation, prepared by OSWER/OERR/ORD/MERL,
9/19/84.
EPA/540/2-84-003a
3 . Final RCRA Comprehensive Ground-Water Monitoring
Evaluation (CME) Guidance Document, prepared by M.
G.A. Lucero and OWPE, 12/19/86.
OSWER #9950.2
4 . Ground-Water Protection Strategy, prepared by the
Office of Ground-Water Protection, 8/1/84.
EPA/440/6-84-002
5. RCRA Ground-Water Monitoring Technical Enforcement
Guidance Document, TEGD: Executive Summary,
prepared by M. G.A. Lucero and OWPE, 7/1/87.
OSWER #9950.1-a
6. CERCLA Compliance with Other Laws Manual - CERCLA
Compliance with State Requirements [Quick Reference
Fact Sheet], prepared by OSWER, 12/1/89.
OSWER #9234.2-05FS
7. CERCLA Compliance with Other Laws Manual - CERCLA
Compliance with the CWA and SDWA [Quick Reference
Fact Sheet], prepared by OSWER, 2/1/90.
OSWER #9234.2-06FS
8. CERCLA Compliance with Other Laws Manual - Overview
of ARARs - Focus on ARAR Waivers [Quick Reference
Fact Sheet], prepared by OSWER, 12/1/89.
OSWER #9234.2-03FS
9. RCRA Ground-Water Monitoring Technical Enforcement
Guidance Document (TEGD), prepared by EPA, 9/1/86.
OSWER #9950.1
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