EMSL-LV-0539-19 EMSL-LV-0539-19
FRUIT AND VEGETABLE RADIOACTIVITY SURVEY FOLLOW-ON
NEVADA TEST SITE ENVIRONS
by
Monitoring Operations Division
Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Las Vegas, Nevada 89114
September 1978
This work performed under a Memorandum of
Understanding No. EY-76-A-08-0539
for the
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
-------
DISCLAIMER
This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United
States Government. Neither the United States nor the United States Department
of Energy, nor any of their employees, nor any of their contractors, subcon-
tractors, or their employees, make any warranty, express or implied, or assume
any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or use-
fulness of any information, apparatus, product or process disclosed, or repre-
sent that its use would not infringe privately owned rights.
This document is available to the public through the National Technical
Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, Springfield, Virginia 22161.
-------
EMSL-LV-0539-19 EMSL-LV-0539-19
FRUIT AND VEGETABLE RADIOACTIVITY SURVEY FOLLOW-ON,
NEVADA TEST SITE ENVIRONS
by
Vernon E. Andrews and Jack C. Vandervort
Monitoring Operations Division
Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Las Vegas, Nevada 89114
September 1978
This work performed under a Memorandum of
Understanding No. EY-76-A-08-0539
for the
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
-------
ABSTRACT
During the 1974 growing season, the Environmental Monitoring and Support
Laboratory-Las Vegas, of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, collected
samples of fruits and vegetables grown in the area surrounding the Nevada Test
Site. The objective was to estimate the potential radiological dose to off-site
residents from consumption of locally grown foodstuffs. It became necessary to
collect additional samples for analysis of iron-55 and plutonium-238 and -239.
This report compiles the results of the earlier study with these new results.
No evidence was found of contamination of foods by these radioisotopes resulting
from close-in fallout of radioactivity from nuclear testing at the Nevada Test
Site.
-------
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
For 2 years of this project, residents around the Nevada Test Site have
provided this Laboratory with large quantities of their home-grown produce.
The unfailing support from these people and their interest in the off-site
radiological safety program have made it possible to conduct a survey which
could not have otherwise been carried out. Their assistance in this project
is gratefully acknowledged.
-------
INTRODUCTION
The Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory-Las Vegas, of the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), initiated a project in the spring of 1974
to assess the potential internal exposure to residents in the vicinity of the
Nevada Test Site (NTS) to radioactivity from eating locally grown fruits and
vegetables. A variety of food types was collected during the 1974 growing
season along with samples of irrigation water and soil from gardens and orchards.
A report covering the results of analyses for tritium, strontium-89 and -90,
and gamma-emitting radionuclides in samples collected during 1974 has been pub-
lished(0.
The original intent had been to analyze all samples for gamma-emitting
radionuclides and to perform radiochemical analysis on selected samples for
tritium, iron-55, strontium-89 and -90, and plutonium-238 and -239. Because of
unexpected laboratory difficulties, it was necessary to delay analysis for iron-55
and to collect additional samples of fruits and vegetables for plutonium analysis.
Additional background samples were purchased at a Las Vegas supermarket in 1975
and samples were collected from home gardens around the NTS during the 1976
growing season.
This report presents the results of analysis for iron-55 on samples of soil
collected in 1974 and on fruits and vegetables collected in 1974 and 1976. Plu-
tonium-238 and -239 results are reported for fruit and vegetable samples collected
in 1975 and 1976.
SAMPLE COLLECTION
Crops from selected gardens and orchards in the off-site area were hand-
picked by EPA representatives. In general, all samples were logged and tagged
in the field at the time of collection. Although actual sample sizes varied
Andrews, Vernon E., and Jack C. Vandervort. Fruit and Vegetable Radioactivity
Survey, Nevada Test Site Environs.. EMSL-LV-0539-013. U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. Las Vegas, Nevada. April 1978.
1
-------
slightly, based upon the availability at some locations, an attempt was made to
obtain 4 kilograms of each crop sampled. Root crops were collected by removing
the portion above ground with clippers or knife and removing the root and its
surrounding soil with a coring tool. In 1974 the soil was removed from the roots
and the two were logged separately. The soil so collected constituted the garden
soil samples from those gardens where root crops were obtained. No soil was col-
lected in 1976. When it was not possible to collect a sufficient sample of root
or leaf crop of one type, composites of two or more similar crops were collected.
Samples were collected in 1974 from 26 home gardens and orchards representing
19 areas. In 1976, samples were collected from 10 gardens and orchards, including
a home garden not sampled in 1974 and a sample from an area not previously included
(Moapa). Sampling locations and types of samples collected at each location in the
NTS off-site area during 1974 and 1976 are listed in Table 1. Azimuths and dis-
tances are measured from the NTS Control Point (CP) which is located near the
geographic center of the areas used in past years for atmospheric tests. The
locations are plotted in Figure 1 and keyed to Table 1 by sampling location number.
During 1975 background vegetable and fruit samples, representing potential
contamination from worldwide fallout, were purchased from a Las Vegas supermarket
for plutonium-238 and -239 analysis. The sample types and origins for background
samples collected during 1974 and 1975 are listed in Table 2. Figure 2 shows the
approximate origins of the background samples as shown on the packing crates.
For ease of comparison to data reported in the first survey report^2), the
location numbers used and figures employed are the same with the new locations
added.
SAMPLE ANALYSIS
Because the purpose of the project was to assess the potential for ingestion
of radionuclides in locally grown produce, the food samples were prepared for
analysis as they would have been in a home kitchen. In general, samples were
washed, peeled when appropriate, and allowed to dry.
All samples were initially analyzed for gamma-emitting nuclides by gamma
spectrometry using a 10.2- by 10.2-cm thallium-activated sodium iodide crystal
2Ibid., page 1.
-------
and 400-channel pulse height analyzer. The food samples were then freeze-dried to
remove moisture and were ashed in a high-temperature oven to prepare them for
radiochemical analysis.
ANALYTICAL RESULTS
All soil sample analytical results are listed in Appendix 1, including
those previously reported^3'. All analytical results for fruit and vegetable
samples, including those reported earlier are given in Appendix 2. These two
appendices update the data in Appendix 1 and Appendix 3, respectively, from the
first report.
During 1974, gamma spectrometry results were computed using a matrix
technique that did not permit determination of a counting error term. By 1976,
a least-squares technique had been instituted which does produce the counting
error term. Therefore, some results for beryllium-7, zirconium-95, and cesium-137,
which are determined from gamma spectrometry, have error terms associated with them
and some do not.
The analytical technique developed to measure the iron-55 content of fruit
and vegetable samples resulted in a lower limit of detection of approximately
0.5 to 0.9 picocuries per gram of ash. The actual value depends upon the chemical
yield of each sample. The minimum detectable concentrations on a wet weight basis
ranged from 2 to 18 picocuries per kilogram (pCi/kg) depending on the ash content
of each sample. No iron-55 was detected in any of the soil or food samples. The
two positive results from locations 1 and 2 (Alamo) in the earlier report for
iron-55 in soil were not valid and resulted from the analytical procedure used at
that time.
Of the 14 food types which were collected from around the NTS and analyzed
for plutonium, 3 showed the presence of plutonium-238 or -239. In at least
two cases — the radish sample from Adaven and the beet greens from Springdale —
the 2-sigma counting error term is so nearly equal to the reported value that
they are considered to be statistically insignificant. The only sample which
can probably be considered to be positive is the concentration of 0.16 ± 0.1 pCi/kg
3Ibid., page 1.
-------
of plutonium-238 in the beet root sample from Hiko. One of the four 1975
background samples analyzed for plutonium-233 and -239 was positive, with a
measured concentration of 0.23 ± 0.077 pCi/kg of plutonium-238 in peaches from
Thermal, California. It is most likely, in both cases, that the plutonium-238
resulted from surface contamination not easily removed by washing.
A sample of wheat collected from the Moapa Indian Reservation was analyzed
by gamma spectrometry and by radiochemical analysis for strontium-89 and -90.
No gamma-emitting radionuclides were found and the strontium concentrations were
less than 300 pCi/kg of strontium-89 and less than 33 pCi/kg of strontium-90.
The high values for minimum detectable concentrations resulted from the high
(11%) ash content of the wheat.
The only gamma-emitting radionuclide found on any of the samples collected
in 1976, other than potassium-40, was beryllium-7, a naturally occurring nuclide
produced by cosmic ray interactions in the stratosphere. It is commonly found
as surface contamination on leafy crops. In the 1976 samples, concentrations of
200 to 600 pCi/kg of beryllium-7 were found on four samples from around the NTS.
DISCUSSION
In this portion of the Fruit and Vegetable Survey only three positive
plutonium-238 and -239 results were obtained, of which at least two are statis-
tically insignificant. However, if it is assumed that all three represent the
amount of plutonium radioactivity present, comparison to the measured concentra-
tions in soil from the respective gardens shows that the concentrations in soil
are lower than those measured in the food samples. The forms of plutonium found
in the environment are relatively insoluble and plant uptake from soil is normally
quite low. It would seem, then, that the plutonium levels measured in the vege-
table samples resulted from surface contamination by small particulates which
were not removed by washing. The maximum concentration observed in food samples
from near the NTS was lower than the maximum background sample concentration.
The dose resulting from ingestion of plutonium may be calculated as:
0=6.73x10"^ millirem per picocurie plutonium-238,
D= 7.60xlO~4 millirem per picocurie plutonium-239;
-------
where D is the absorbed dose equivalent during the first year after ingestion^.
If it is assumed that a person eats 200 grams per week for a full year of
a vegetable containing 0.2 pCi/kg of plutonium-238, the absorbed dose to bone
rtould be 1.5xlO~3 millirem. If the vegetable contains 0.2 pCi/kg of plutonium-239,
the dose to bone, under the same conditions, would be 1.7xlO~3 millirem. The dose
received would be equal to 0.001% of the radiation protection standard for average
dose to a suitable sample of the population^.
CONCLUSIONS
As shown in the first report, the estimated dose to a person eating locally
grown foods as a result of nuclear testing would be due primarily to strontium-90
and would result in a dose to bone of less than 0.1% of the radiation protection
standard (170 millirem) for the first year. The hypothetical dose is not changed
by the result of this follow-on study, which estimates an additional dose equiva-
lent of 0.001% of the radiation protection standard after 1 year of a hypothetical
consumption rate of locally grown foods contaminated with the maximum observed con-
centration of plutonium-238 or plutonium-239.
^U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Regulatory Guide 1.109, Calculation of
annual doses to man from routine releases of reactor effluents for the purpose
of evaluating compliance with 10CFR50, Appendix I. pp 1.109-24. Washington, DC.
March 1976.
5U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration. "Standards for radiation
protection." ERDA Manual Chapter 0524. p 3. April 1975.
-------
A SampU Collection Locatiani
17 K«y«d to Tabl. 1
Figure 1. Sample Collection Locations
-------
TABLE 1. SAMPLE COLLECTION SUMMARY
AZIMUTH,
STA. LOCATION DISTANCE
NO. (Nevada) (Deg, Km)a
1 Alamo 058°, 92
2 Alamo 058°, 92
3 Alamo 058°, 92
4 Ash Springs 052°, 95
5 Ash Springs 052°, 95
6 Ash Springs 052°, 95
7 Adaven 018°, 138
8 Beatty 267°, 61
9 Clark Station 340°, 138
10 Currant 015°, 182
11 Goldfield 307°, 137
12 Hiko 045°, 105
13 Hiko 045°, 105
14 Indian Springs 138°, 61
15 Lathrop Wells 223°, 53
16 Logandale 106°, 145
17 Nyala 016°, 177
18 Nyala 012°, 148
19 Overton 109°, 156
20 Pahrump 170°, 88
21 Pahrump 175°, 72
22 Scotty's Jet. 288°, 72
23 Springdale 280°, 60
24 Sunnyside 027°, 175
25 Tonopah 318°, 164
26 Warm Springs 350°, 175
38 Goldfield 307°, 137
39 Moapa 103°, 127
SAMPLE
C£
LU
h-
et
3
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
SOIL
c:
O)
TD
i—
to
03
X
X
D
X
X
D
X
D
X
X
X
X
X
X
D
X
D
X
D
D
X
D
D
-o
ra
_c
CJ
i.
o
X
X
X
X
X
X
D
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
PLANT
M-
fO
(D
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
1
X
X
X
X
X
+->
O
O
CfL
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
T3
CD
3
i.
u_
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
(O
q-
rc
<4~
-------
SCALE: I cm = Approx. 85 km
0 100 200 300 400 500
KILOMETRES
0 Background Sample Collection Location
30 K
Keyed to To b le 2
Figure 2. Background Sample Origins
-------
TABLE 2. BACKGROUND SAMPLE SURVEY
STATION
NUMBER
27
27
28
28
28
29
30
31
32
32
33
34
35
36
36
37
ORIGIN
Santa Maria, California
Santa Maria, California
Salinas, California
Salinas, California
Salinas, California
Coachella, California
Redding, California
Banning, California
Santa Rosa, California
Santa Rosa, California
Blythe, California
Orem, Utah
Indio, California
Bloomington, California
Bloomington, California
Thermal , California
DATE
07/08/74
07/08/74
07/08/74
07/08/74
07/08/74
07/08/74
07/08/74
07/08/74
07/08/74
10/16/74
10/16/74
10/16/74
05/21/75
05/21/75
05/21/75
05/21/75
ITEM
Carrots
Cabbage
Turnips
Lettuce
Turnip Greens
Sweet Corn
Peaches
Apricots
Plums
Plums
Lettuce
Cabbage
Carrots
Turnips
Turnip Greens
Peaches
-------
APPENDIX 1. SOIL SAMPLE ANALYTICAL RESULTS
RADIONUCLIDE CONCENTRATION (pCi/g)a
STATION
NUMBER
1
1
2
3
4
4
5
6
7
7
8
8
8
9
10
10
10
11
12
13
13
13
14
14
15
15
16
COLLECTION
DATE (1974)
06/05
06/05
06/05
08/26
09/24
09/24
06/06
06/06
07/23
08/24
07/11
07/23
08/15
08/12
07/18
08/14
08/27
07/19
08/05
06/05
06/05
08/13
06/13
07/08
06/07
07/17
07/15
SOURCE
0
G
G
0
G
Gb
G
0
G
G
G
0
G
G
G
0
G
G
G
G
0
0
0
G
0
G
0
55Fe
NA
<4
NA
<8
<6
<5
<6
<5
<7
<7
<8
<6
<7
<7
<12
<4
<10
<7
<5
NA
<5
<9
<4
<5
NA
<8
<5
89Sr
<3
<2
<2
<2
<3
<3
<2
<2
<2
<2
<2
<2
<2
<2
<2
<2
<2
<2
<2
<2
<2
<2
<2
<3
<2
<2
<2
O 0 r
jlJSr
2.6 ± 1 .4
<2
<2
<2
<2
<3
<2
<2
<2
<2
<1
<1
<1
<2
<1
<1
<1
<2
<2
<2
<2
<1
<2
<1
<2
<2
<1
137Cs
0.31
0.29
0.19
0.45
0.19
0.37
0.50
0.32
1.2
0.69
ND
0.41
ND
1 .9
0.80
1.0
0.91
0.48
0.78
0.60
0.54
0.32
0.29
ND
0.33
0.41
0.31
2 :
<0
<0
<0
<0
<0
<0
<0
<0
<0
0.031
<0
<0
<0
<0
<0
<0
0.038
<0
<0
<0
0.0054
<0
<0
<0
<0
<0
<0
>*PU
.004
.007
.005
.03
.04
.04
.004
.007
.04
± 0.025
.03
.05
.03
.03
.04
.05
± 0.031
.03
.03
.004
± 0.0049
.03
.05
.04
.006
.04
.03
239
0.055 ±
0.019 -
0.022 ±
<0.
<0.
<0.
0.030 ±
0.066 ±
0.070 ±
<0.
0.044 ±
<0.
0.029 ±
<0.
0.044 ±
0.042 ±
0.17 ±
0.054 ±
0.022 ±
0.029 ±
0.022 ±
<0.
0.065 ±
<0.
0.014 ±
<0.
Pu
0.013
0.006
0.007
03
03
04
0.009
0.012
0.032
03
0.023
03
0.020
03
0.035
0.038
0.052
0.027
0.021
0.008
0.011
03
0.041
04
0.008
04
<0.03
K
(mg/q)
22
26
25
28
44
34
22
22
28
51
30
31
37
55
9.4
16
20
24
22
27
22
27
8.4
13
32
3£
23
-------
APPENDIX 1. (CONTINUED)
RADIONUCLIDE CONCENTRATION (pCi/g)<
STATION
NUMBER
17
17
18
18
18
19
20
20
20
21
21
22
22
23
23
23
24
25
25
26
26
26
COLLECTION
DATE (1974)
07/18
08/21
06/12
07/23
08/28
07/15
06/06
07/12
08/15
06/26
06/26
08/12
09/16
06/28
08/15
08/15
08/28
07/18
09/17
06/19
08/27
09/17
SOURCE
G
0
0
G
G
G
0
G
G
G
0
G
G
0
G
G
G
G
G
0
G
G
55Fe
<6
<13
<4
<7
<10
<5
<6
<6
<6
<5
<6
<8
<11
<7
<4
<7
<14
<5
<4
<4
<5
<6
89Sr
<2
<2
<3
<2
<1
<2
<2
<2
<2
<2
<3
<2
1.4 ± 1.1
<2
<2
<2
<3
<2
<2
<2
<2
<2
90Sr
<1
<2
<1
<2
<0.8
<1
<2
<1
<2
<1
<1
<0.9
<0.9
<1
<1
<2
2.6 ± 1.4
<1
<1
<0.9
<2
<1
137Cs
1.1
1.0
0.96
0.39
0.52
0.11
0.37
0.29
0.68
ND
ND
0.31
ND
0.16
ND
0.43
0.26
1.3
0.93
0.56
0.36
0.33
238pu
<0.04
<0.03
<0.04
<0.03
<0.03
<0.04
<0.005
<0.04
<0.04
<0.05
<0.04
<0.03
<0.05
<0.03
<0.03
<0.03
<0.03
0.0035 ± 0.0030
<0.04
0.046 ± 0.043
<0.04
<0.04
239pu
<0.04
0.068 ± 0.041
0.13 ± 0.046
0.031 ± 0.026
0.033 ± 0.022
<0.03
0.026 ± 0.005
<0.03
<0.04
0.045 ± 0.028
<0.02
<0.03
<0.04
0.014 ± 0.037
<0.03
0.046 ± 0.032
<0.02
0.034 ± 0.008
<0.04
0.069 ± 0.032
0.064 ± 0.037
<0.03
K
(mg/g)
24
25
27
17
26
16
17
18
23
24
22
47
46
30
43
49
9.6
32
52
16
16
17
a Detectable concentrations given ± 2-sigma counting error for air-dried soil
b Duplicate Sample
0=0rchard; G=Garden
NA=No Analysis; ND=Not Detected
-------
APPENDIX 2. FRUIT AND VEGETABLE SAMPLE ANALYTICAL RESULTS
RADIONUCLIDE CONCENTRATION (pCi/kg WET HEIGHT)3
STATION
NUMBER
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
7
7
7
7
7
SAMPLE TYPE
Mixed roots, beet
and carrot
Corn
Cabbage
Peaches
Cabbage
Mixed roots, beet
and turnip
Apples
Turnip greens
Mixed roots, turnip
and rutabaga
Corn
Alfalfa
Apples
Radish
COLLECTION
DATE
08/05/74
08/05/74
08/05/74
08/21/74
09/24/74
08/13/74
08/13/74
07/23/74
07/23/74
08/28/74
08/28/74
08/28/74
08/03/76
3H
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
7Be
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
400
ND
ND
570
ND
ND
55Fe
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
<13
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
89Sr
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
<9
NA
NA
NA
<9
<40
NA
NA
90Sr
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
6.8
(5.5)
NA
NA
NA
<5
<22
NA
NA
95Zr
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
44
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
238pu
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
«,.,
239pu
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.12
(0.11)
-------
APPENDIX 2. (CONTINUED)
RADIONUCLIDE CONCENTRATION (pCi/kg WET WEIGHT)9
STATION
NUMBER
7
7
7
8
8
8
8
9
10
10
10
10
10
SAMPLE TYPE
Lettuce
Beet
Mixed leaf, beet
and chard
Turnip roots
Turnip greens
Peaches
Corn
Carrots
Turnip roots
Turnip greens
Plums
Corn
Corn
COLLECTION
DATE
08/03/76
08/04/76
08/04/76
07/11/74
07/11/74
07/23/74
07/23/74
08/12/74
07/18/74
07/18/74
08/14/74
08/21/74
08/27/74
3H
NA
NA
NA
<300
380
(280)
NA
NA
<300
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
7Be
520
(240)
ND
600
(78)
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
55pe
NA
NA
NA
NA
<18
NA
NA
NA
NA
<7
NA
NA
NA
89Sr
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
<8
NA
<20
NA
NA
<9
9°Sr
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
<4
NA
<13
NA
NA
<5
95Zr
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
238pu
NA
<0.2
NA
<0.03
NA
NA
NA
NA
<0.04
NA
NA
NA
NA
239pu
NA
<0.2
NA
<0.04
NA
NA
NA
NA
<0.06
NA
NA
NA
NA
-------
APPENDIX 2. (CONTINUED)
RADIONUCLIDE CONCENTRATION (pCi/kg WET WEIGHT)9
STATION
NUMBER
10
10
11
11
11
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
14
SAMPLE TYPE
Beet roots
Beet greens
Lettuce
Cabbage
Corn
Potatoes
Corn
Chard
Onions
Apples
Beet roots
Chard
Onions
COLLECTION
DATE
08/03/76
08/03/76
07/17/74
07/19/74
09/16/74
09/16/74
08/05/74
08/05/74
08/05/74
09/09/74
08/04/76
08/04/76
07/08/74
3H
NA
200
(72)
NA
NA
NA
NA
<300
<300
<300
NA
NA
NA
<300
7Be
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
100
ND
ND
ND
310
(130)
ND
55Fe
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
<13
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
89Sr
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
<31
<8
NA
NA
NA
NA
90Sr
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
32
(20)
14
(5.2)
NA-
NA
NA
NA
95Zr
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
25
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
238pu
<0.4
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.16
(0.10)
NA
NA
239Pu
<0.2
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
<0.04
NA
NA
-------
APPENDIX 2. (CONTINUED)
RADIONUCLIDE CONCENTRATION (pCJ/kg WET WEIGHT)'
STATION
NUMBER
14
14
14
14
14
15
15
15
16
17
17
17
17
SAMPLE TYPE
Lettuce
Corn
Peaches
Lettuce
Onions
Cabbage
Turnip roots
Peaches
Plums
Mixed leaf, turnip
and lettuce
Turnip roots
Plums
Corn
COLLECTION
DATE
07/08/74
07/08/74
08/15/74
07/20/76
07/20/76
07/17/74
07/17/74
06/07/74
07/15/74
07/18/74
07/18/74
08/21/74
08/21/74
3H
490
(280)
360
(320)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
<300
<300
NA
NA
NA
NA
7Be
ND
ND
ND
320
(no)
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
55Fe
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
<5
NA
NA
NA
<5
NA
NA
NA
89Sr
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
14
(ID
NA
NA
<12
90Sr
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
<8
NA
NA
<7
95Zr
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
238pu
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
239pu
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
-------
APPENDIX 2. (CONTINUED)
RADIONUCLIDE CONCENTRATION (pCi/kg WET HEIGHT)*
CT)
STATION
NUMBER
17
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
19
19
20
SAMPLE TYPE
Alfalfa
Apricots
Mixed roots, carrot
and onion
Mixed leaf, cabbage
and lettuce
Corn
Alfalfa hay
Celtus
Apples
Radish
Apples
Beet roots
Lettuce
Lettuce
COLLECTION
DATE
08/27/74
07/11/74
07/23/74
07/23/74
08/28/74
08/28/74
08/03/76
08/03/76
08/03/76
10/07/76
07/15/74
07/15/74
06/06/74
3H
NA
<300
<300
<300
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
<300
640
(280)
NA
7Be
910
ND
ND
ND
ND
720
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
55Fe
NA
NA
NA
<4
NA
NA
<14
<3
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
89Sr
NA
NA
NA
<9
NA
<95
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
90Sr
NA
NA
NA
<6
NA
75
(54)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
95Zr
63
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
238pu
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
<0.2
NA
<0.07
NA
NA
NA
NA
239pu
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
<0.1
NA
<0.09
NA
NA
NA
NA
-------
APPENDIX 2. (CONTINUED)
RADIONUCLIDE CONCENTRATION (pCI/kg UET WEIGHT)*
STATION
NUMBER
20
20
20
21
21
21
21
22
22
23
23
23
23
SAMPLE TYPE
Apricots
Turnip roots
Corn
Radish
Plums
Corn
Alfalfa
Lettuce
Mixed roots, carrot
and turnip
Chard
Turnip roots
Alfalfa
Pears
COLLECTION
DATE
07/04/74
07/12/74
07/15/74
06/26/74
06/26/74
07/24/74
09/12/74
07/15/74
08/12/74
06/28/74
08/15/74
08/15/74
09/11/74
3H
650
(290)
330
(270)
480
(400)
<300
<300
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
<300
<300
<300
7Be
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
55Fe
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
<2
NA
NA
NA
89Sr
NA
NA
-------
APPENDIX 2. (CONTINUED)
-------
APPENDIX 2. (CONTINUED)
RADIONUCLIDE CONCENTRATION (pCi/kg WET WEIGHT)'
STATION
NUMBER
25
26
26
27
Bkg
27
Bkg
28
Bkg
28
Bkg
28
Bkg
28
Bkg
29
Bkg
30
Bkg
31
Bkg
32
Bkg
SAMPLE TYPE
Beet greens
Pears
Potatoes
Carrots
Cabbage
Turnip roots
Turnip roots
Turnip greens
Lettuce
Corn
Peaches
Apricots
Plums
COLLECTION
DATE
08/03/76
08/27/74
08/27/74
07/08/74
07/08/74
07/08/74
07/11/74
07/11/74
07/08/74
07/08/74
07/08/74
07/08/74
07/08/74
3H
NA
NA
NA
820
(300)
450
(270)
650
(280)
760
(250)
1300
(290)
750
(280)
640
(310)
670
(280)
640
(280)
560
(280)
7Be
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
C C •— p Q *•»
QOUp O^Vyi
<16 NA
NA NA
NA NA
<4 <5
<3 <5
<3 <6
<5 <10
<8 <17
-------
APPENDIX 2. (CONTINUED)
IX)
o
RADIONUCLIDE CONCENTRATION (pCi/kg WET WEIGHT)9
STATION
NUMBER
32
Bkg
33
Bkg
34
Bkg
35
Bkg
36
Bkg
36
Bkg
37
38
38
39
SAMPLE TYPE
Plums
Lettuce
Cabbage
Carrots
Turnip roots
Turnip greens
Peaches
Beet roots
Lettuce
Wheat
COLLECTION
DATE
10/16/74
10/16/74
10/16/74
05/21/75
05/21/75
05/21/75
05/21/75
08/02/76
08/02/76
08/06/76
3H
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
7Rp
<7
<2
<3
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
55Fe
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
-------
DISTRIBUTION
1-40 Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory - Las Vegas, NV
41 Mahlon E. Gates, Manager, DOE/NV, Las Vegas, NV
42 Troy E. Wade, DOE/NV, Las Vegas, NV
43 David G. Jackson, DOE/NV, Las Vegas, NV
44 Paul J. Mudra, DOE/NV, Las Vegas, NV
45 Elwood M. Douthett, DOE/NV, Las Vegas, NV
46 - 47 Ernest D. Campbell, DOE/NV, Las Vegas, NV
48 - 49 Paul B. Dunaway, DOE/NV, Las Vegas, NV
50 Roger Ray, DOE/NV, Las Vegas, NV
51 Robert W. Taft, DOE/NV, Las Vegas, NV
52 Leon Silverstrom, DOE/NV, Las Vegas, NV
53 Robert W. Newman, DOE/NV, Las Vegas, NV
54 Bruce W. Church, DOE/NV, Las Vegas, NV
55 Peter K. Fitzsimmons, DOE/NV, Las Vegas, NV
56 - 57 Technical Library, DOE/NV, Las Vegas, NV
58 Chief, NOB/DNA, DOE/NV, Las Vegas, NV
59 Hal Hollister, DOES, DOE/HQ, Washington, DC
60 Tommy F. McCraw, DOES, DOE/HQ, Washington, DC
61 L. Joe Deal, DOS, DOE/HQ, Washington, DC
62 - 65 Maj. Gen. Joseph K. Bratton, DMA, DOE/HQ, Washington, DC
66 Thomas Cornwell, DMA, DOE/HQ, Washington, DC
67 Gordon F. Facer, DMA, DOE/HQ, Washington, DC
68 James L. Liverman, A/AS for Environment, DOE/HQ, Washington, DC
69 John S. Kirby-Smith, DBER, DOE/HQ, Washington, DC
70 Jeff Swinebroad, DBER, DOE/HQ, Washington, DC
71 Robert W. Wood, DBER, DOE/HQ, Washington, DC
72 William S. Osburn, Jr., DBER, DOE/HQ, Washington, DC
73 Marcy Williamson, HSL/INEL, DOE/ID, Idaho Falls, ID
74 Steven V. Kaye, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
75 Helen Pfuderer, Ecological Science Information Center, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
-------
76 Library Systems Branch (PM-213), EPA/HQ, Washington, DC
77 Albert Printz, Director, Office of Technical Analysis (EN-329), EPA/HQ,
Washington, DC
78 Stephen J. Gage, Asst. Admin, for Research and Development (RD-672),
EPA/HQ, Washington, DC
79 William D. Rowe, Deputy Asst. Admin, for Radiation Programs (AW-458),
EPA/HQ, Washington, DC
80 William A. Mills, Director, Criteria and Standards Division (AW-460),
EPA/HQ, Washington, DC
81 Floyd L. Galpin, Director, Environmental Analysis Division (AW-461),
EPA/HQ, Washington, DC
82 David S. Smith, Director, Technology Assessment Division (AW-459),
EPA/HQ, Washington, DC
83 Paul DeFalco, Jr., Deputy Regional Admin., Region IX, EPA, San Francisco, CA
84 James K. Channel!, Regional Radiation Representative, Region IX, EPA,
San Francisco, CA
85 Richard L. Blanchard, Director, Radiochemistry and Nuclear Engineering
Branch, EPA, Cincinnati, OH
86 Charles R. Porter, Director, Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility, EPA,
Montgomery, AL
87 Peter Halpin, Chief, APTIC, EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC
88 Harold F. Mueller, NOAA/WSNSO, Las Vegas, NV
89 Gilbert J. Ferber, ARL/NOAA, Silver Spring, MD
90 Kenneth M. Oswald, Manager, Health and Safety, LLL, Mercury, NV
91 Bernard W. Shore, LLL, Livermore, CA
92 Richard L. Wagner, LLL, Livermore, CA
93 Howard W. Tewes, LLL, Livermore, CA
94 Paul L. Phelps, LLL, Livermore, CA
95 Mortimer L. Mendelsohn, LLL, Livermore, CA
96 John C. Hopkins, LASL, Los Alamos, NM
97 Harry S. Jordan, LASL, Los Alamos, NM
98 Lamar J. Johnson, LASL, Los Alamos, NM
99 George E. Tucker, Sandia Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM
100 Carter D. Broyles, Sandia Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM
101 Melvin L. Merritt, Sandia Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM
102 Richard S. Davidson, Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH
103 Arden E. Bicker, REECo, Mercury, NV
104 Leonard Kreisler, REECo, Mercury, NV
105 Auda F. Morrow, RE/CETO, NTS, Mercury, NV
-------
106 Billy Moore, NTSSO, DOE/NTS, Mercury, NV
107 Lloyd P. Smith, President, Desert Research Institute, University
of Nevada, Reno, NV
108 Paul R. Fenske, Desert Research Institute, University of Nevada,
Reno, NV
109 Thomas P. O'Farrell, Director, Applied Ecology and Physiology
Center, Desert Research Institute, Boulder City, NV
110 Library, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV
111 Lester L. Skolil, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA
112 William Norton, Bureau of Environmental Health, State of Nevada,
Carson City, NV
113 Deward W. Efurd, McClellan Central Laboratory, McClellan Air Force
Base, CA
114 - 140 Technical Information Center, DOE, Oak Ridge, TN (for public
availability)
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