EMSL-LV-539-5                                                   EMSL-LV-539-5
                 AGRONOMIC PRACTICES OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE
             EXPERIMENTAL DAIRY FARM DURING 1971,  1972, AND 1973
                                      by
                                Edgar M. Daley
             Monitoring Systems Research and Development Division
               Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory
                     U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                            Las Vegas, NV  89114
                             Published August 1976
                 This study performed under a Memorandum of
                       Understanding No.  AT(26-l)-539
                                  for the
             U.S.  ENERGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION

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This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United
States Government.   Neither the United States  nor the United States
Energy Research and Development Administration,  nor any of their
employees, nor any  of their contractors,  subcontractors, or their
employees, makes any warranty, express or implied,  or assumes any
legal liability or  responsibility for the accuracy, completeness
or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product or process
disclosed, or represents that its use would not  infringe privately-owned
rights.
         AVAILABLE FROM  THE  NATIONAL  TECHNICAL  INFORMATION SERVICE
                        U.S.  DEPARTMENT  OF  COMMERCE
                          SPRINGFIELD, VA   22161


               PRICE:  PAPER COPY   $5.45   MICROFICHE   $2.25
                                    ii

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EMSL-LV-539-5                                                  EMSL-LV-539-5
                  AGRONOMIC PRACTICES OF THE NEVADA TEST SITE
              EXPERIMENTAL DAIRY FARM DURING 1971, 1972, and 1973
             Monitoring Systems Research and Development Division
               Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory
                    U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                            Las Vegas, NV  89114
                             Published August 1976
                   This study performed under a Memorandum
                      of Understanding No.  AT(26-1)-539
                                    for the
              U.S.  ENERGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION

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                                   ABSTRACT

    This report is one of a succession of reports on the agronomic practices
of the experimental dairy farm at the Nevada Test Site.   It summarizes  the
agronomic practices at the farm for the calendar years 1971, 1972, and  1973.
The topics covered include land preparation and seeding, irrigation,  fertil-
ization, weed and insect control, and forage production.  The research  con-
ducted at the microplot area at the farm is also cited.   Descriptive  tabular
data are enclosed as appendices.
                                       m

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                               TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                                        Page
ABSTRACT                                                                 1

LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES                                               ill

INTRODUCTION                                                               1

AGRONOMIC PRACTICES                                                        4

  Land Preparation Seeding                                                 4

  Irrigation                                                               4

  Fertilization                                                            5

  Harvesting                                                               5

  Weed Control                                                             5

  Insect Control                                                           7

RESEARCH STUDIES AT THE MICROPLOT AREA                                    10

PUBLIC RELATIONS                                                          11

SUMMARY                                                                   12

REFERENCES                                                                13

APPENDICES

DISTRIBUTION
                                       IV

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FIGURE
                          LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES

                                                                        Page
  1.   Map of the Nevada Test Site showing approximate location
      of the Environmental  Protection Agency Facilities.                   2
  2.   Layout of the Experimental Dairy Farm.                              3
  3.   Forage production (air-dried) from 1966 through 1973.                8

TABLE
  1.   Irrigation Summary                                                  4
  2.   Nutrient Application Rate/Land for Years 1971, 1972,  and 1973       6
  3.   Feed Production                                                     7

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                                  INTRODUCTION

    The Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory-Las Vegas (EMSL-LV)  of
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) maintains and operates an
experimental dairy farm on the U.S. Energy Research and Development Adminis-
tration's (ERDA) Nevada Test Site (NTS).  The Farm and Animal Investigation
Branch (MSF) of the Monitoring Systems Research and Development Division
is responsible for the operation of the farm and for assisting in or carrying
out the related research activities.
    This farm is located approximately 110 miles north of Las Vegas in Area  15
of the NTS and is situated in a high desert valley at an elevation of about
4,500 feet (see Figure 1).  The history and physical description of the farm
                         fl  234}
were reported previously.v '  '  '  '  As depicted in Figure 2, the experi-
mental farm consists of 16 acres of irrigated cropland divided into 17 plots
or lands by the irrigation laterals.  Each of the end lands has an area of
approximately h acre, while the remaining 15 lands each contain 1 acre.  The
soil is typed as coarse, gravelly, sandy loam with cobbles intermixed, low
in organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus, and moderately high in potas-
sium.  It has a pH of 8.3.^
    Adjacent to the northeast corner of the farm is approximately 2% acres of
small irrigated crop areas called "microplots."  These microplots are used to
study the behavior of pollutants in soils and the uptake, retention, and
residence time of these pollutants in various crops.
    This report, covering calendar years 1971, 1972, and 1973, is one of a
series that describes the agronomic practices at the experimental farm.  It
was prepared from records maintained by MSF farm personnel to document those
practices and to supply information for planned experiments and special
ad hoc studies.

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                                                       EXPERIMENTAL
               BUFFER ZONE
                Nuclear Rocket Development
                        Station   /
     SCALE IN FEET '      SCALE IN METRES

  10OOO O       300OO      O 5OOO   10OOO
Figure 1.   Map of the Nevada Test Site  showing approximate location
            of the Environmental Protection Agency Facilities.
                                          2

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                                                 Rye Grain
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                                                                                                LATERAL NO.'S

                                                                                               •13 H
                                         ' BOUNDARY OF FENCED AREA '
                      Figure 2.   Layout of  the  Experimental  Dairy  Farm.

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                             AGRONOMIC PRACTICES

LAND PREPARATION SEEDING
    Lands 1  through 9,  11,  12,  and  13  are maintained as permanent  alfalfa
plots; lands 10 and 14  are  planted  to  alfalfa and grass;  and  lands 15,  16,  and
17 are used for small grain crops for  early  spring green  feed production.
Every year in late summer these latter three lands are chiseled  to a  depth  of
about 12 inches, disced,  and harrowed  to prepare a seed bed for  rye grain.   A
preplant fertilizer of  nitrogen and phosphorus  is applied.  The  fertilizer
application rates are described in  another section.  Secale cereale,  "Elbon"
cultivar rye seeds were planted at  the seeding  rate of 120 pounds  per acre  on
September 23, 1971, September 27, 1972, and  October 2, 1973.
IRRIGATION
    Annual rainfalls for the years  1971,  1972,  and 1973 were  6.79, 6.34,  and
8.69  inches, respectively (see Appendix A-l).   As this natural precipitation
was not  sufficient for crop production, irrigation water  was  supplied by a
sprinkler irrigation system.  Irrigation water  was pumped from a 1-million
gallon capacity reservoir which "is  supplied  by  a 5,400-foot deep well.   The
well  pump was set at 1,700 feet and pumps  at the rate  of  200  gallons  per minute.
The monthly irrigation rates for each land are  listed  in  Appendix  B.   Total
annual precipitation and irrigation are summarized  in  Table 1.  Monthly tempera-
ture  ranges for these years are shown in  Appendix A-2.
Table 1.  Irrigation Summary
Year

1971
1972
1973
Rainfall
(in)
6.79
6.34
8.69
Irrigation Water Applied
(acre-ft)
69.3
86.8
78.2
(gal)
22,587,922
28,272,004
25,481,470
(acre-ft/acre)
4.3
5.4
4.9
  Average     7.27           78.1           25,447,132               4.9

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FERTILIZATION
    The Area 15 farm soil is characteristic of soils of arid regions of the
southwest in that it is deficient in nitrogen and is low in phosphorus/ '
These two nutrients are supplied to the crops in the form of the commercial
fertilizers; i.e., ammonium sulfate (21-0-0) which contains 21  percent nitro-
gen and double super phosphate (0-45-0) which contains 45 percent phosphoric
oxide.
    Phosphorus was applied during the winter months as a top dressing for the
crops and was also applied to small grains as a fertilizer prior to planting
to aid in root development.  Small grains and grasses required  nitrogen for
plant growth.  This was applied as a top dressing during the growing season
and as a fertilizer prior to planting on small grains.  No additional nitro-
gen fertilizer was applied to the alfalfa.  Alfalfa, a member of the Leguminosae
family, has the characteristic of forming nitrogen-fixing nodules on its roots
enabling the use of atmospheric nitrogen.  Table 2 lists the nutrients applied
to each land, and the year and month of the applications.
HARVESTING
    Nearly all the forage produced during the growing season is used as green
feed.  When the growth exceeds the demand for green feed, the forage is cut
and baled as hay.  The details of the feeding procedures are presented in
another report.  '  A summary of the feed production for the 3  years is given
in Table 3.  Forage production for each land by monthly and yearly totals is
shown in Appendix C.  Figure 3 depicts the annual production of green feed
on an air-dried basis and hay from 1966 through 1973.
WEED CONTROL
    Mechanical and chemical means were both employed to control weeds.  In
order to prevent reseeding, weeds in the non-crop areas were uprooted with
a rear-mounted tractor blade when they were 2 to 6 inches high.  This was
repeated when necessary.  After the spring harvest of the small grains, the
lands were left fallow until the fall reseeding.  Weed control  of the lands
consisted of two to three discings during the summer months.

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Table 2.  Nutrient Application Rate/Land for Years 1971,  1972,  and 1973
Nutrient
Month Year
1971
March
Lands 1-9, 11, 12, and 13
10 and 14
15, 16, and 17
September
Lands 14
15, 16, and 17
1972
February
Lands 1-13
14
14-17
15-17
September
Lands 15-17
1973
March
Lands 1-8
10-13
9 and 14
15-17
October
Lands 15-17
Nitrogen
(Ibs/acre)


NA
48
64

32
48


NA
32
NA
48

32


NA
NA
31
63

32
Phosphorus
(Ibs/acre)


62
16
16

NA
16


62
NA
32
NA

16


59
59
29
NA

16
Phosphoric Oxide 45%
(Ibs/acre)


144
36
36

NA
36


144
NA
72
NA

32


135
135
67
NA

36
NA = Not applied

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Table 3.  Feed Production
Green Feed Production Hay Production

Year

1971
1972
1973
Harvest
Dates
(mo/day)
4/2-10/11
3/10-11/6
4/5-10/28
Season
Length
(days)
192
241
206
Total Production
Wet wt.
(tons)
296
397
409
Dry wt.
(tons)
89
119
123
Total /Area
Wet wt.
Av. Daily
Wet wt.
(tons/acre) (pounds)
18.5
24.2
25.6
3,083
3,211
3.978
Total

(tons)
7.5
3.0
7.6
    The commercial herbicides used for weed control along the fences and
irrigation laterals were Rad-E-Cate (cacodylic acid), Paraquat (dimethyl-
bipyridyliumion), 2-4 D (2-4 dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid), and diesel oil.
The herbicides were applied at the manufacturer's recommended rates.
    During 1973, the soil sterilant Ureabor (sodium metaborate tetrahydrate,
sodium chlorate, and bromacil) was applied around the sprinkler heads where
it is difficult or impossible to clip.
    Only certified weed-free seed was planted to prevent the introduction  of
noxious weeds.
INSECT CONTROL
    No infestation of insects occurred during 1971; therefore, no control
methods were  necessary.
    During March 1972, a heavy infestation of pea aphids occurred in the
alfalfa in lands 1 through 14.  Complete control was achieved after two
sprayings of  Malathion E56 at 6-day intervals (1 pint of Malathion in
20 gallons of water was applied to each acre).
    During March 1973, a heavy infestation of pea aphids occurred again in
the alfalfa in lands 1 through 14.  Complete control was achieved after
sprayings of  Diazinon AG500 at 7-day intervals  (1 pint of Diazinon in
20 gallons of water was applied to each acre).
                                       7

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Figure  3.   Forage Production (air-dried) from 1966  through 1973.
                                       8

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    In June 1973, a heavy infestation of lygus  bugs  (a  sucking  insect) occur-
red in the alfalfa.  Harvesting of the alfalfa  and the  presence of  a  large
number of natural insect predators (ladybugs)  resulted  in  control of  this
insect.

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                    RESEARCH STUDIES AT THE MICROPLOT AREA

    During the summer of 1971, selected vegetable crops were grown on the micro-
plot area to determine the relationships between the concentration of tritium in
the soil and the tritium concentration in the free water of the plants growing
             to\
in this soil.  '
    Plant tissue tritium concentrations were generally higher than the soil
tritium concentrations.  In some instances, the concentrations in plant tissues
were double those found in the soil  samples.  This may have resulted from
foliar absorption of atmospheric tritium which probably originated from the
Sedan Crater located about 2 miles south of the experimental farm.
    During 1972, alfalfa was grown in the glasshouse located on the microplot
area.  Personnel from the MSF, under the direction of the Pollutant Pathways
Branch (MSP), maintained the alfalfa growing in tritiated water at a specific
activity of 100 nCi/ml of water.  The alfalfa produced was used as rabbit
feed for Project Triton.  The results of this project were presented at the
meeting of the Fifth International Congress of Radiation Research in 1974.^ '
    During 1972, the microplot area  was used by the MSP for an investigation
entitled, "Mercury Behavior In An Agricultural  Environment."  Using mercury-203
as a tracer, measurements were made  of the root uptake, retention, and trans-
location of this environmental pollutant by table beets, barley, green beans,
and lettuce, and of foliar absorption and retention of mercury by alfalfa,
barley, and lettuce.  The behavior and migration of mercury in soils were also
studied.
    During the 1972 experiment, it was noted that approximately 75% of the
applied mercury volatilized.  An experiment was conducted in 1973 by the MSP
on the microplot area to study the volatilization and to evaluate the potential
use of plants as biological monitors of mercury.  Reports concerning these
two projects have been published.'  '   '

                                      10

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                               PUBLIC RELATIONS

    Because of the uniqueness of an operating dairy farm located on the NTS,
it is frequently visited by groups on orientation tours of the NTS.  During
the 3 years covered in this report, approximately 80 groups totalling
2,500 people visited the farm and were briefed on the activities of the farm
and its role in the surveillance and research programs conducted by the
Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory-Las Vegas.
                                        11

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                                   SUMMARY

     The  procedures  employed at the experimental farm either follow practices  recom-
 mended by  the  University of Nevada Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension
 Service  or duplicate actual practices used by commercial farmers of this
 general  geographic  area.  Direct comparisons of yield, fertilization needs, and
 water requirements  are difficult as the farm is isolated and not part of any
 specific farming  area.  Each area has its unique characteristics which
 influence  the  agronomic practices and determine, to a great extent, crop yields.
 Some of  these  characteristics are fertility, soil pH, so-il type and depth,
 organic  content,  altitude, length of growing season, amount of precipitation,
 and quality of irrigation water.  However, based on data available for the
 nearest  farming areas, the experimental farm appears to correspond well with
 the yields and requirements of surrounding similar operations.  For example,
 the average green feed production from small grains in the Moapa Valley (an
 agricultural area 100 miles southeast of the Area 15 farm) was 4.9 tons/acre
 (air-dry basis), while the 1971-1973 production from rye grain at the Area 15
 farm was 5.1 tons/acre (air-dry basis)." '
    While application of  irrigation waters  has  not  changed significantly  (1966
usage averaged 4.8 acre feet/acre  vs.  4.9 acre  feet/acre  in  1973),  production
of green feed has  increased markedly.   During 1966,  the average  production
was 3.7 tons/acre  and,  during  1973, it was  25.5 tons/acre.   This  increase  is
partially the result of plant  maturity and  increased soil  fertility, and  is
partially because  of changes in  feeding  procedures.   During  1966, only enough
green feed  was  harvested  to feed the  lactating  cows,  while in  1973, the entire
herd (lactating and  dry cows,  replacement heifers,  calves, and miscellaneous
beef animals) was  maintained on  fresh  harvested forage.   Since 1967, excess
forage has  been harvested  as hay;  prior to  that time,  it  was used as mulch.
                                      12

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                                 REFERENCES


 1.   Daley, E.  M.  and Smith, D.  D.   Agronomic Aspects  of the Experimental
     Dairy Farm.   January 1966 - December 1968.   SURHL-^Fi   August 1969.

 2.   Douglas, R.  L.  Status of the  Nevada Test Site Experimental  Farm -
     Summary Report July 1964 -  December 1965.SWRHL-36r.January 1967.

 3.   Daley, E.  M.   Agronomic Aspects of the Experimental  Dairy Farm During
     1969.  SWRHL-104r~July 1971.

 4.   Daley, E.  M.   Agronomic Aspects of the Experimental  Dairy Farm - 1970.
     SWRHL-117r.   March 1972.

 5.   Leavitt, V.  D. and Masdn, B. J.  Soil  Survey Area 15 Nevada  Test Site.
     SWRHL-106r.   June 1971.

 6.   Shaw, E. J.,  Editor.  Western  Fertilizer Handbook.   Fourth Edition.
     California Fertilizer Association.Sacramento, California.   1968.

 7.   Smith, D.  D.   Status of the Environmental Protection Agency's
     Nevada Test Site Experimental  Dairy Herd -  January 1,  1969~
     December 31,  1970.  NERC-LV-539-22.June 1973.

 8.   Daley, E.  M.   Unpublished data  on Vegetri,  1972.

 9.   Moghissi,  A.  A., Stanley, R. E., McFarlane, J. C.,  Bretthauer, E.  W.,
     Patzer, R. G., and Lloyd, S. R.  "Biological Concentration of
     Tritium."   Presented at the Fifth International Congress of Radiation
     Research,  Seattle, Washington,  July 14-20,  1974.

10.   McFarlane, J. C., Brown, K. W., and Kinnison, R.  R.   "In Situ Soil
     Gamma Analysis:  A New Approach to Determine the Movement of
     Pollutants in Soils."  Soil Sci. 120,  No. 2, 140-147.   1975.

11.   Brown, K.  W., McFarlane, J. C., and Beckert W. F.  "Behavior of Mercury
     in a Sandy Loam Soil."  Presented at the Annual Meeting of the
     Ecological Society of America,  Tempe,  Arizona, June 16-22, 1974.

12.   Beckert, W.  F., Moghissi, A. A., Au, F. H.  F., Bretthauer, E. W., and
     McFarlane, J. C.  "Methylmercury:  Evidence for Its Formation in a
     Terrestrial  Environment."  Nature 239, No.  5458, 674-675.  1974.

13.   Robison, G.  D., Reeve, T. A.,  and Guenthner, H. R.   Winter Green Chop
     Forage in Southern Nevada.   Cooperation Extension Service, Max C.
     Heiscnmann College of Agriculture, University of Nevada, Reno,
     Nevada.  August 1970.
                                      13

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                               LIST OF APPENDICES

                                                                         Page
APPENDIX
  A.  Summary of the Meteorological Data from the Area 15 Farm
      Table A-l.  Precipitation Data                                      A-l
      Table A-2.  Temperature Data                                        A-2
  B.  Irrigation
      Table B-l-1.  Gallons of Irrigation Water Applied to Each Land      B-l
                    During 1971 (Lands 1 through 8)
      Table B-l-2.  Gallons of Irrigation Water Applied to Each Land      B-2
                    During 1971 (Lands 9 through 16)
      Table B-2-1.  Gallons of Irrigation Water Applied to Each Land      B-3
                    During 1972 (Lands 1 through 8)
      Table B-2-2.  Gallons of Irrigation Water Applied to Each Land      B-4
                    During 1972 (Lands 9 through 16)
      Table B-3-1.  Gallons of Irrigation Water Applied to Each Land      B-5
                    During 1973 (Lands 1 through 8)
      Table B-3-2.  Gallons of Irrigation Water Applied to Each Land      B-6
                    During 1973 (Lands 9 through 16)
  C.  Forage
      Table C-l-1.  Pounds of Forage Produced on Each Land During 1971    C-l
                                   (Lands 1  through  8)
      Table C-l-2.  Pounds of Forage Produced on Each Land During 1971    C-2
                                   (Lands 9 through  17)
      Table C-2-1.  Pounds of Forage Produced on Each Land During 1972    C-3
                                   (Lands 1  through  8)
      Table C-2-2.  Pounds of Forage Produced on Each Land During 1972    C-4
                                   (Lands 9 through  17)
      Table C-3-1.  Pounds of Forage Produced on Each Land During 1973    C-5
                                   (Lands 1  through  8)
      Table C-3-2.  Pounds of Forage Produced on Each Land During 1973    C-6
                                   (Lands 9 through  17)

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    APPENDIX A.  SUMMARY OF THE METEOROLOGICAL DATA FROM THE AREA 15 FARM



                      TABLE A-l.  PRECIPITATION DATA
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Total
for year
1971 Total
for month*
0.01
0.36
0.05
0.01
1.67
-
0.19
2.44
0.06
0.1
-
1.9
6.79
1972 Total
for month*
-
-
-
-
0.04
1.32
0.37
0.96
0.24
1.67
1.73
0.01
6.34
1973 Total
for month*
1.07
2.41
2.84
0.06
0.56
0.38
0.05
0.11
0.11
0.65
0.33
0.12
8.69
Precipitation is measured in inches
                                      A-l

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   APPENDIX A.   SUMMARY  OF  THE METEOROLOGICAL  DATA  FROM THE AREA  15  FARM



                      TABLE A-2.  TEMPERATURE  DATA
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
1971
High
71
69
73
75
80
94
98
98
96
84
68
56
Low
8
12
17
27
34
33
52
53
34
16
24
6
Temperature
1972
High
56
69
78
75
89
101
103
100
85
82
68
64
Extremes*
Low
12
15
19
31
31
51
53
52
45
31
29
10
1
High
66
67
63
79
88
103
103
102
94
83
70
60
973
Low
10
25
28
27
31
43
55
42
40
30
18
20
Temperatures are expressed in degrees  Fahrenheit.
                                    A-2

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           TABLE B-l-1.
            APPENDIX B.  IRRIGATION

GALLONS OF IRRIGATION WATER APPLIED TO EACH LAND DURING 1971
                    (Lands 1 through 8}
Land
Month
January
February
March
Apri 1
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Total Gallons 1
*
Total Acre Feet
1

0
0
125,200
134,600
168,100
260,100
238,010
196,876
261,600
135,100
0
0
,519,586
4.66
2

0
0
125,200
74,600
200,300
218,500
242,010
196,876
261,600
135,100
0
0
1,454,186
4.46
3

0
0
125,200
288,300
136,100
218,500
172,310
267,076
279,500
135,100
0
0
1,622,086
4.97
4

0
0
125,200
375,600
92,600
218,500
172,310
267,076
279,500
135,100
0
0
1,665,886
5.11
5

0
0
44,600
302,800
92,600
177,400
279,110
170,226
285,100
124,700
0
0
1,476,536
4.53
6

0
0
64,800
283,460
93,800
191,300
263,110
188,626
323,400
124,700
0
0
1,533,196
4.70
7

0
0
64,800
191,860
159,100
191,300
300,700
188,626
310,000
124,700
0
0
1,531,086
4.69
8

0
0
64,800
191,860
159,100
191,300
300,700
188,626
310,000
149,700
0
0
1,556,086
4.77
1 acre foot = 325,850 gallons

-------
            TABLE B-l-2.
            APPENDIX B.  IRRIGATION

GALLONS OF IRRIGATION WATER APPLIED TO EACH LAND DURING 1971
                    (Lands 9 through 16)
Land
Month
January
February
March
Apri 1
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Total Gallons
*
Total Acre Feet
9

0
0
64,800
191,860
223,300
191,300
298,600
126,126
310,000
149,700
0
0
1,555,686

4.77
10

0
0
64,800
191,860
223,300
191,300
208,000
322,452
372,100
126,900
0
0
1,700,712

5.21
11

0
0
64,800
191,860
235,600
145,900
170,410
271,326
121,300
47,600
0
0
1,419,206

4.35
12

0
0
90,500
252,583
164,600
145,900
187,210
271,326
202,700
101,900
0
0
1,416,719

4.34
13

0
0
90,500
265,383
164,600
145,900
191,510
201,126
202,700
143,900
0
0
1,405,619

4.31
14

0
0
90,500
265,383
164,600
145,900
142,110
201,126
202,700
143,900
0
0
1,356,219

4.16
15

0
0
90,500
265,383
164,600
0
0
150,000
98,300
42,000
0
0
810,783

2.48
16

0
0
90,500
265,383
96,700
0
0
0
98,300
42,000
0
0
592,883

1.81
1  acre foot = 325,850 gallons

-------
                                     APPENDIX  B.   IRRIGATION

           TABLE B-2-1.   GALLONS OF IRRIGATION WATER APPLIED TO  EACH  LAND  DURING  1972
                                             (Lands  1  through  8)
Land
Month
January
February
March
Apri 1
May
June
July
CO
do August
September
October
November
December
Total Gallons
Total Acre Feet*
1

0
49,800
11,000
170,600
270,400
258,800
378,700
345,000
379,700
50,000
0
0
1,974,000
6.05
2

0
49,800
127,030
237,000
270,400
258,800
378,700
280,600
369,700
28,500
0
0
2,000,530
6.13
3

0
49,800
127,030
237,000
270,400
258,800
378,700
280,600
350,200
28,500
0
0
1,981,030
6.07
4

0
49,800
127,030
237,000
256,600
258,800
377,200
222,740
350,200
28,500
0
0
1,907,870
5.85
5

0
49,800
127,030
237,000
256,600
258,800
384,600
170,740
210,000
122,500
0
0
6,882,066
5.55
6

0
49,800
145,230
240,000
298,200
237,000
405,500
233,540
287,000
94,200
0
0
7,563,786
6.10
7

0
49,800
145,230
148,800
312,700
265,300
397,400
315,040
251,400
94,200
0
0
1,979,870
6.07
8

0
49,800
145,230
148,800
300,700
258,000
397,400
330,540
251 ,400
94,200
0
0
1,976,070
6.06
1  acre foot = 325,850 gallons

-------
                                      APPENDIX B.  IRRIGATION

           TABLE B-2-2.  GALLONS OF IRRIGATION WATER APPLIED TO EACH LAND DURING 1972
                                             (Lands 9 through 16)
Land
Month
January
February
March
Apri 1
May
June
July
f August
September
October
November
December
Total Gallons
*
Total Acre Feet
9

0
49,800
145,230
148,800
302,700
253,300
398,300
302,500
251,400
94,200
0
0
1,946,230
5.97
10

0
43,300
145,230
148,800
250,600
253,300
427,500
395,425
251,400
50,000
0
0
1,965,555
6.03
11

0
43,300
97,230
63,500
303,600
264,500
332,300
392,925
243,000
0
0
0
1,740,355
5.34
12

0
43,300
87,230
225,500
303,600
183,700
332,300
445,825
286,600
0
0
0
1,905,055
5.84
13

11,100
43,300
128,230
237,600
303,600
183,700
329,900
348,000
286,600
0
0
0
1,872,030
5.74
14

11,100
43,300
128,230
237,600
255,800
183,700
263,500
120,400
286,600
50,000
0
0
1,580,230
4.84
15

11,100
43,300
128,230
237,600
111,500
0
62,000
0
226,100
50,000
0
0
869,830
2.66
16

11,100
43,300
128,230
237,600
60,500
0
58,400
0
226,100
50,000
0
0
815,230
2.50
1  acre foot = 325,850 gallons

-------
           TABLE  B-3-1.
           APPENDIX B.  IRRIGATION

GALLONS OF IRRIGATION WATER APPLIED TO EACH LAND DURING 1973
                    (Lands 1 through 8)
Land
Month
January
February
March
Apri 1
May
June
July
o, August
September
October
November
December
Total Gallons 1
*
Total Acre Feet
1
0
0
155,400
157,100
169,200
259,600
238,000
196,875
262,500
136,000
0
0
,574,675
4.8
2
0
0
155,400
76,200
200,500
219,700
238,000
196,875
262,500
136,000
0
0
1,485,175
4.5
3
0
0
155,400
289,100
136,100
219,700
172,400
268,100
280,600
136,000
0
0
1,657,400
5.0
4
0
0
155,400
376,200
93,500
219,700
172,400
268,100
280,600
136,000
0
0
1,801,900
5.5
5
0
0
125,200
302,800
93,500
219,700
278,900
170,200
285,100
136,000
0
0
1,611,400
4.9
6
0
0
65,000
283,500
93,600
178,500
264,100
187,300
324,100
125,400
0
0
1,700,000
5.2
7
0
0
65,000
201,600
160,200
224,500
300,900
187,300
310,400
125,400
0
0
1,575,300
4.8
8
0
0
65,000
201,600
160,200
224,500
301,700
188,500
310,400
125,400
0
0
1,577,300
4.8
1  acre foot = 325,850 gallons

-------
           TABLE B-3-2.
            APPENDIX B.  IRRIGATION

GALLONS OF IRRIGATION WATER APPLIED TO EACH LAND DURING  1973
                    (Lands 9 through 16)
Land
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
03
^ August
September
October
November
December
Total Gallons 1
*
Total Acre Feet
9

0
0
65,000
201,600
160,200
224,500
300,900

125,200
310,400
150,100
0
0
,537,900

4.7
10

0
0
65,000
201,600
228,800
224,500
275,800

320,900
371,800
150,100
0
0
1,838,500

5.6
11

0
43,300
65,000
123,400
138,000
393,400
191,000

439,800
132,000
88,000
66,200
0
1,680,100

5.1
12

0
49,800
93,000
111,500
138,000
393,400
342,000

439,800
226,000
104,000
66,200
0
1,963,700

6.0
13

0
49,800
93,000
111,500
132,000
393,400
342,000

357,800
226,000
104,000
66,200
0
1,875,700

5.7
14

0
49,800
93,000
111,500
132,000
393,400
300,900

357,800
226,000
104,000
66,200
0
1,834,600

5.6
15

0
49,800
93,000
109,000
122,000
156,400
219,800

83,240
94,000
104,000
66,200
0
1,0974,440

3.4
16

0
49,800
93,000
109,000
122,000
156,400
___

83,240
94,000
104,000
66,200
0
877,640

2.6
1 acre foot = 325,850 gallons

-------
                                      APPENDIX C.  FORAGE

               TABLE C-l-1.  POUNDS OF FORAGE PRODUCED ON EACH LAND DURING 1971
                                           (Lands 1 through 8)*
Land
Month
Apri 1
May
June
July
August
o
-^ September
October
Total pounds
Total tons
1

0
0
3,000
6,000
6,000

0
0
15,000
7%
2

9,600
0
5,000
6,000
18,000

5,800

44,400
22%
3

0
1% T hay
0
6,000
25,000

4,000
3,000
38,000
19
4

0
1% T hay
0
6,000
30,000

12,000
3,000
51,000
25%
5

3,200
18,000
4,000
6,000
9,000

18,000
9,000
67,200
33%
6

0
0
8,000
4,000
12,000

12,000
0
36,000
18
7

0
7,000
4,000
10,000
12,000

12,000
6,000
51,000
25%
8


1% T hay
6,000
0
15,000

6,000
6,000
33,000
16%
Unless otherwise noted, figures express production of green feed.

-------
                                       APPENDIX C.  FORAGE

                 TABLE C-l-2.  POUNDS OF FORAGE PRODUCED ON EACH LAND DURING 1971
                                             (Lands 9 through 17)*
Land
Month
Apri 1
May
June
July
August
^ September
October
Total pounds
Total tons
9

0
1% T hay
4,000
0
12,000
8,000
6,000
30,000
15
10

0
8,000
8,000
0
15,000
8,000
0
39,000
19%
11

0
6,000
6,000 -
18,000
15,000
20,000
0
65,000
32%
12

0
1% T hay
0
10,000
12,000
8,000
6,000
36,000
18
13

0
0
5,000
6,000
0
8,000
0
19,000
9%
14

0
6,000
5,000
0
6,000
4,000
0
21,000
10%
15

9,200
10,500
0
0
0
0
0
19,700
9 3/4
16

11,600
9,000
0
0
0
0
0
20,600
10%
17

4,000
2,000
0
0
0
0
0
6,000
3
Unless otherwise noted, figures express production of green feed.

-------
                                       APPENDIX C.   FORAGE

                TABLE C-2-1.   POUNDS OF FORAGE PRODUCED ON EACH LAND DURING 1972
                                            (Lands  1  through 8)*
Land
Month
March
Apri 1
May
June
July
o
^August
September
October
November
Total pounds
Total tons
1

0
1,600
4,000
4,000
4,000
7,000
9,000
6,000
0
35,600
17.8
2

3,200
1,600
4,500
10,000
8,000
14,000
12,000
3,000
0
56,300
28
3

2,400
0
3,000
10,000
8,000
14,000
12,000
0
9,000
58,400
29.2
4

1,600
2,400
4,500
12,000
8,000
21,000
9,000
0
9,000
67,500
33.7
5

4,800
1,600
21,500
12,000
11,500
21,000
0
15,000
0
83,400
41.7
6

0
1,600
0
0
33,500
14,000
0
18,000
0
67,100
33.5
7

0
3,200
0
0
19,000
7,000
0
3,000
0
32,200
16.1
8

0
3,200
0
12,000
12,000
35,000
0
12,000
0
72,000
36
Unless otherwise noted, figures express production of green feed.

-------
                                       APPENDIX C.  FORAGE

                TABLE C-2-2.  POUNDS OF FORAGE PRODUCED ON EACH LAND DURING 1972
                                            (Lands 9 through 17)*
Land
Month
March
Apri 1
May
June
o Jul^
August
September
October
November
Total pounds
Total tons
9

0
4,000
0
12,000
8,000
35,000
0
12,000
0
61,000
30%
10

0
2,400
12,000
1% T hay
14,000
9,000
9,000
0
0
46,400
23%
11

0
2,400
1,000
10,000
1% T hay
14,000
9,000
0
0
36,400
18
12

0
00
5,000
10,000
8,000
14,000
12,000
0
0
49,000
24%
13

0
0
0
8,000
10,000
7,000
12,000
0
0
37,000
18%
14

0
0
13,500
4,000
4,000
0
6,000
0
0
27,500
13 3/4
15

7,200
17,600
5,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
29,800
14 3/4
16

4,800
4,000
6,000
0
0 ..
0
0
0
0
14,800
7%
17

0
2,400
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,400
2%
Unless otherwise noted, figures express production of green feed.

-------
                                       APPENDIX  C.   FORAGE

               TABLE  C-3-1.   POUNDS  OF FORAGE  PRODUCED  ON EACH^LAND  DURING  1973
                                            (Lands  1  through  8)*
Land
Month
Apri 1
May
June
July
August
o
en September
October
Total pounds
Total tons
Hay pounds
Hay tony
1
1,600
4,500
5,000
6,000
7,000
9,500
4,000
37,600
18.8
1,300
0.65
2
2,400
5,000
10,800
9,000
14,500
12,000
3,000
56,700
28.35
2,145
1.07
3
2,800
4,500
10,000
8,000
15,000
13,000
7,000
60,300
30.15


4
3,000
6,000
12,000
9,000
18,000
12,000
4,000
64,000
32.0


5
8,000
9,000
10,000
14,000
9,000
12,000
3,000
65,000
32.5


6
0
12,000
10,000
9,000
12,000
8,000
6,000
57,000
28.5


7
0
8,000
12,000
10,000
12,000
8,000
4,000
54,000
27.0


8
0
12,000
8,000
9,000
12,000
10,000
4,000
55,000
27.5


Unless otherwise noted, figures express production of green  feed.

-------
                                       APPENDIX C.   FORAGE

                TABLE C-3-2.   POUNDS OF FORAGE PRODUCED ON EACH  LAND  DURING  1973
                                            (Lands  9 through 17)*
Land
Month
April
May
June
July
August
o
1
°^ September
October
Total pounds
Total tons
Hay pounds
Hay tons
9

0
8,000
12,000
16,000
8,000
10,000
6,000
60,000
30.0
2,405
1.20
10

0
4,000
14,000
12,000
8,000
10,000
4,000
52,000
26.00


11

0
4,000
12,000
8,000
10,000
9,000
4,000
46,000
23.0
2,730
1.36
12

0
9,000
8,000
8,000
12,000
14,000
4,000
55,000
27.5
3,120
1.56
13

0
12,000
8,000
12,000
4,000
10,000
6,000
52,000
26.00
3,510
1.75
14

0
11,000
10,000
12,000
6,000
8,000
4,000
51,000
25.5


15

8,000
17,000
6,000
0
0
0
0
31,000
15.5


16

6,000
7,500
3,000
0
0
0
0
16,500
8.25


17

3,600
1,500
1,200
0
0
0
0
6,300
3.15


Unless otherwise noted, figures express production of green feed.

-------
                              DISTRIBUTION

 1  - 40  Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory-Las Vegas
     41  Mahlon E. Gates, Manager, ERDA/NV, Las Vegas, NV
     42  Troy E. Wade, ERDA/NV, Las Vegas, NV
     43  Bennie G. DiBona, ERDA/NV, Las Vegas, NV
     44  David G. Jackson, ERDA/NV, Las Vegas, NV
     45  Paul J. Mudra, ERDA/NV, Las Vegas, NV
     46  Elwood M. Douthett, ERDA/NV, Las Vegas, NV
47 - 48  Ernest D. Campbell, ERDA/NV, Las Vegas, NV   -
49 - 50  Paul B. Dunaway, ERDA/NV, Las Vegas, NV
51  - 52  Mary G. White, ERDA/NV, Las Vegas, NV
     53  Roger Ray, ERDA/NV, Las Vegas, NV
     54  Robert W. Taft, ERDA/NV, Las Vegas, NV
     55  Leon Silverstrom, ERDA/NV, Las Vegas, NV
     56  Robert W. Newman, ERDA/NV, Las Vegas, NV
     57  Bruce W. Church, ERDA/NV, Las Vegas, NV
58 - 59  Technical Library, ERDA/NV, Las Vegas, NV
     60  Chief, NOB/DNA, ERDA/NV, Las Vegas, NV
     61  Martin B. Biles, DOS, ERDA/HQ, Washington, DC
     62  Tommy F. McCraw, DOS, ERDA/HQ, Washington, DC
     63  L. Joe Deal, DOS, ERDA/HQ, Washington, DC
64 - 68  Major General Joseph K. Bratton, Asst. Gen. Mgr., DMA,
         ERDA/HQ, Washington, DC
     69  Gordon F. Facer, DMA, ERDA/HQ, Washington, DC
     70  James L. Liverman, Director, DBER, ERDA/HQ, Washington, DC
     71  Robert L. Watters, DBER, ERDA/HQ, Washington, DC
     72  John S. Kirby-Smith, DBER, ERDA/HQ, Washington, DC
     73  Charles L. Osterberg, DBER, ERDA/HQ, Washington, DC
     74  Robert W. Wood, DBER, ERDA/HQ, Washington, DC
     75  William S. Osburn, Jr., DBER, ERDA/HQ, Washington, DC
     76  Harold F. Mueller, ARL, NOAA, Las Vegas, NV

-------
 77   Gilbert J.  Ferber,  ARL,  NOAA,  Silver Spring,  MD
 78   Wilson  K. Talley, Asst.  Admin,  for Research and  Development,
     EPA,  Washington,  DC
 79   William D.  Rowe,  Deputy  Asst.  Admin, for Radiation  Programs,
     EPA,  Washington,  DC
 80   William A.  Mills, Director,  Div.  of Criteria  and Standards,
     ORP,  EPA, Washington,  DC
 81   Floyd L.  Galpin,  Director,  Div.  of Field Operations,
     ORP,  EPA, Washington,  DC
 82   E.  David Harward, Director,  Div.  of Technology Assessment,
     ORP,  EPA, Washington,  DC
 83   Albert C. Printz, Jr., Director,  Office of Technical  Analysis,
     EPA,  Washington,  DC
 84   Library, EPA,  Washington,  DC
 85   Richard L.  Blanchard,  Director,  Radiochemistry and  Nuclear
     Engineering Branch, EPA, Cincinnati, OH
 86   Peter Halpin,  Chief,  APTIC,  EPA,  Research Triangle  Park,  NC
 87   Paul  DeFalco,  Jr.,  Regional  Admin., Region IX,
     EPA,  San Francisco, CA
 88  James K. Channel!,  Regional  Radiation Representative,
     Region IX,  EPA, San Francisco, CA
 89   Charles R.  Porter,  Director, Eastern Environmental  Radiation
     Facility,  EPA, Montgomery,  AL
 90   K.  M. Oswald,  Mgr., Health  and Safety, LLL, Mercury,  NV
 91   Bernard W.  Shore,  LLL, Livermore, CA
 92   Richard L.  Wagner,  LLL,  Livermore, CA
 93   Howard W. Tewes,  LLL,  Livermore,  CA
 94   Lawrence S. Germain,  LLL,  Livermore, CA
 95   Paul  L. Phelps, LLL,  Livermore,  CA
 96   Mortimer L. Mendelsohn,  LLL, Livermore, CA
 97   J.  C. Hopkins, LASL,  Los Alamos,  NM
 98  Harry S. Jordan,  LASL, Los  Alamos, NM
 99   Lamar J. Johnson,  LASL,  Los Alamos, NM
100   George E. Tucker,  Sandia Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM
101   Carter D. Broyles,  Sandia Laboratories, Albuquerque,  NM
102   Melvin L. Merritt,  Sandia Laboratories, Albuquerque,  NM
103   Richard S.  Davidson,  Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus,  OH
104   Steven V.  Kaye, Oak Ridge National Lab., Oak  Ridge, TN

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      105  Arden E.  Bicker,  REECo,  Mercury,  NV
      106  Savino W.  Cavender,  REECo,  Mercury,  NV
      107  Auda F.  Morrow,  CETO,  NTS,  Mercury,  NV
      108  Vincent Schultz,  Washington State University,  Pullman, WA
      109  Arthur Wallace,  University  of California,  Los  Angeles, CA
      110  Wesley E.  Niles,  University of Nevada,  Las  Vegas, NV
      111  Verle R.  Bohman,  University of Nevada,  Reno, NV
      112  Lloyd P.  Smith,  President,  Desert Research  Institute,
           University of Nevada,  Reno, NV
      113  Paul R.  Fenske,  Desert Research Institute,  University of
           Nevada,  Reno, NV
      114  Thomas P.  O'Farrell, Director, Applied  Ecology & Physiology  Center,
           Desert Research  Institute,  Boulder City,  NV
      115  William S. Twenhofel,  U.S.  Geological Survey,  Denver, CO
      116  Manager,  Desert  National  Wildlife Range,  U.S.  Fish  and
           Wildlife  Service, Las  Vegas, NV
      117  Supervisor, Region III,  Nevada Fish  and Game Department,
           Las Vegas, NV
      118  Paul Lyons, Nevada Wildlife Research, Division of Archives,
           Capitol  Building  Annex,  Carson City, NV
      119  Deward W.  Efurd,  McClellan  Central Laboratory, McClellan
           Air Force  Base,  CA
      120  L.  L. Skolil, San Diego  State University, San  Diego,  CA
121  - 147  Technical  Information  Center, ERDA,  Oak Ridge, TN
           (for public availability)

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