71-26
Emission Results From A Texaco Catalyst Concept
Applied To A Previously Uncontrolled Engine
April 1971
John C. Thomson
Mobile Source Pollution Control Program
Air Pollution Control Office
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
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Vehicle Te.sted
For this test a 1967 Pontiac Tempest station wagon with an
overhead cam six cylinder engine was used. The engine was
modified to provide internal exhaust gas recirculation
through camshaft changes. In addition, an air pump and a
catalytic reactor were added to provide further exhaust
emission reductions. An inertia'weight of 3500 pounds and
equivalent horsepower settings were used.
A special Texaco design ignition system was provided to
allow operation at leaner fuel air ratios and to provide
more energy for spark propagation.
Test Procedures
In order to evaluate the emission performance on the vehicle
tested, a complete series of emission tests, both hot and
cold were run. The test cycles used were as follows:
1. 1970 Federal Emission Test Procedure (FTP)
2. 1972 Federal Emission Test Procedure (LA 4)
3. A combination, using nine (9) repeats of the 1970
driving cycle with the 1972 mass sampling technique (9 x 7)
Both hot and cold start tests were run to compare the cold
portion contribution and the contribution due to the cold
start.
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For the 1970 test procedure a non-dispersive-infrared
technique was used for NO analysis in addition to the
instrumentation specified in the Federal Register.
For the 1972 test procedure NOX measurements were made
using both the chemilumeniscent technique and a modified
Saltzman method. Both measurements were corrected for
humidity using the formula published in the February 27,
1971, Federal Register.
Emission Results
The results of these tests are reported in Tables 1 and 2.
In Table 1 a comparison is made between hot and cold start
j
emissions using the 1972 Federal emission test procedure.
The vehicle does not meet the 1975 standards although it
easily passes the 1972-1974 levels. As can be seen from
the hot and cold start comparison the majority of the hydro-
carbons and carbon monoxide are produced during the cold
portion of the test while NOX is relatively unaffected by
either cold or hot start.
The results shown in Table 2 indicate that the vehicle
meets the 1970 emission standards easily.
Since there were no evaporative emission controls, no
attempt to measure these emissions was made.
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Conclusions • •
The vehicle, as tested, did not meet the requirements of
1975 or 1976 emission standards. The results of the hot
start tests indicate that with better control over the
choke and warm up, 1975 emission standards could be met.
The prospect of this vehicle meeting 1976 standards seem
slight without some type of further NOX control.
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Test Type
Cold Start
Hot Start
Cold Start
itot Start
-^old Start
Hot Start
1975 Standards
Table 1
1972 Federal Emission Tests (LA 4)
HC
FID
1.2
0.1
0.7
0.1
0.8
0.1
0.46
CO
IR
8.6
0.7
8.0
0.8
10.8
0.7
4.7
CO 2
IR
722
618
699
603
870
583
— — _
NOX
Saltzman
1.6
1.6
1.3
1.1
1.6
1.0
___
NOx
ci
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.7
1.0
3.0
~1
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Table 2
Test Type
1970 Federal Emission Tests (FTP)
and Composite Tests (9x7)
HC CO
FID or IR IR
CO 2
IR
NO
IR
NOX
Saltzman
FTP Cold
Hot
9x7 Cold
9x7 Hot
0.3
0.1
1.8
0.1
1.0
0.1
4.7
0.4
1.6
1.7
641
547
1.0
0.9
—rq
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