EPA 908/1-3&-O01
FEBRUARY 1935
SOUND LEVELS FROM
OIL AND GAS
EXPLORATION ACTIVITIES
Flathead National Forest
Glacier National Park
Helena National Forest
by
James D. Fooh, Jr.
DanviUe, California 94528
and
Richard E. Burke
Engineering-Science, fnc,
Pasadena, California 91124
Project Officer
Larry Svoboda
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region VIH
Denver, Colorado
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
REGION VIS]
Denver, Colorado 80295
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EPA 908/1-85-001
February 1985
SOUND LEVELS FROM
OIL AND GAS
EXPLORATION ACTIVITIES
Flathead National Forest
Glacier National Park
Helena National Forest
by
James D. Foch, Jr.
Danville, California 94526
and
Richard E. Burke
Engineering-Science, Inc.
Pasadena,'California 91124
Contract No. 68-01-6587
Project Officer
Larry Svoboda
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Region VIII
Denver, Colorado 80295
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
REGION VIII
DENVER, COLORADO 80295
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DISCLAIMER
This report has been reviewed by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency Region VIII Air and Waste Management
Division, Denver, Colorado, and is approved for publi-
cation. Mention of trade names of commercial products
does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
This report is available to the public through the
National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of
Commerce, Springfield, Virginia 22161-
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstract v
Figures vi
Tables vii
Abbreviations and Symbols viii
Acknowledgments ix
Executive Summary x
1. Introduction 1
Background 1
Purpose 3
Report Scope Limitations 3
2. Background on Flathead/Glacier Measurements 5
Exploration Activity 5
Site Description 8
Measurement Procedure ' 9
1
•
3. Background on Helena Measurements . 15
Exploration Activity 15
Site Description 16
Measurement Procedure 18
4. Measurement Results 23
Ambient Sound Levels 23
Daytime Sound Levels During Exploration 32
Helicopters 40
Blasts 41
Other Sources 51
5. Propagation Factors 52
Geometrical Divergence 53
Barriers 54
Atmospheric Absorbtion 56
Ground Effect 61
Wind 65
Temperature Gradients 65
Reverberation 66
6. Analysis 68
Probability Analysis 68
Example Application of Sound Level Estimate
Procedures 71
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TABLE OP CONTENTS (continued)
7- Affected Populations
Recreational Uses
Grizzly Bear Activity
Other Wildlife
3. Conclusions
Summary of Results
Recommendations for Future Studies
9. References
78
78
79
85
88
88
91
93
APPENDIX A EXPLORATION ACTIVITY
A.1 Exploration Projects Near Glacier National Park
Ac2 Types of Exploration Activity
APPENDIX B DESCRIPTION OF MONITORING SITES
APPENDIX C EQUIPMENT
APPENDIX D MEASUREMENT RESULTS
APPENDIX -E PROPAGATION FACTORS
•
*
APPENDIX F ADDITIONAL ANALYSIS
96
96
100
105
118
120
181
194
GLOSSARY OF ACOUSTIC TERMS
200
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ABSTRACT
Data from a sound measurement survey conducted in 1981 within and in
the vicinity of Glacier National Park are analyzed and presented. Measure-
ments were made of oil and gas seismic exploration activities in Flathead
National Forest and Helena National Forest, including sounds from above
ground blasts, helicopters and associated activities. Typical reference
sound levels are identified for above ground blasts and helicopters, and
theoretical procedures for estimating their propagation are developed, con-
sidering terrain and meteorological conditions characteristic of Glacier
National Park. A sample application of the prediction method shows sound
levels from above ground blasts outside the Park remain significantly above
ambient levels at locations inside the Park for long durations. These
results corroborate anecdotal reports and biological studies which indicate
that sound from oil and gas exploration activities can be heard well inside
the Park and could be affecting sensitive wildlife populations in the area.
Recommendations for additional monitoring and modeling are outlined.
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LIST OF FIGURES
Number
1 Study Area 2
2 Flathead/Glacier Noise Measurement Sites 10
3 Helena National Forest Measurement Sites 19
4 Site 1 , Nighttime Levels 24
' 5 Site 2, Nighttime Levels 25
6 Site 3, Nighttime Levels 26
7 Site 4, Nighttime Levels 27
8 Site 5, Nighttime Levels 28
9 Flathead River Flow at Columbia Falls - Monthly 30
10 Flathead River Flow at Columbia Falls - June/July 31
11 Site 1, Daytime Levels 35
12 Site 2, Daytime Levels 36
13 Site 3, Daytime Levels 37
14 Site 4, Daytime Levels 38
15 Site 5, Daytime Levels 39
16 Duration of Blast Sound Levels 50
17 Temperature at Polebridge - June/July 57
18 Humidity at Polebridge - June/July 58
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List of Figures
(continued)
Number
19 Temperature Measured at Sites 1-5 59
20 Humidity Measured at Sites 1-5 60
21 Atmospheric Attenuation Coefficients 62
22 Example of Distribution of Measured Sound Levels 69
23 Example Exploration Project Sound Propagation
Estimate 72
24 Major Recreational Sites in the Flathead/Glacier Area 80
25 Grizzly Bear Sitings and Expected Areas of Use 82
' LIST OF TABLES
•
•
Number
1 Sample Measurement Data Table - Flathead 14
2 Sample Measurement Data Table - Helena 22
3 Ambient Octave Band Levels 33
4 Maximum Helicopter Sound Levels 40
5 Helicopter Octave Band Levels 42
6 Maximum Blast Sound Levels 43
7 Helena Blast Measurements - Blast Octave Band
Levels and Durations 47
8 Comparison of Temperature and Humidity at Polebridge
and Sound Measurements Sites 63
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SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS
The following symbols and abbreviations are used in this report.
Many are based on standards available from the American National Stan-
dards Institute, Inc., and the American Society for Testing Materials
(Harris, 1979). Definition of.these terms is provided in the Glossary
at the end of this report.
ANSI - American National Standards Institute
ARCO - Atlantic Richfield Company
c - Speed of sound
dB - Decibel, the unit of measure for sound levels
f - Frequency, in hertz, of a sound
Hz - Hertz, the frequency, in cycles per second, of a sound
L - A-weighted sound level
A
L, - Maximum A-weighted sound level
A max *
L - Equivalent continuous sound level
eq
L - Maximum overall unweighted sound level
Lfflax (oct) - Maximum unweighted sound level of a particular octave band
Lmin - Minimum sound level
Lx - Statistical level, the sound level exceeded X% of the time
m - Meter (3.28 feet in length)
NTAC - Noise Technical Assistance Center
PC - Personal computer (microcomputer)
p - Sound pressure
r - Distance from sound source to receiver
s - Seconds, the unit of measure for sound duration
SPL - Sound pressure level
OSEPA - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
USFS - United States Forest Service
USFWS - United States Fish and Wildlife Service
USG3 - United States Geological Survey
USNPS - United States National Park Service
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The authors are indebted to- the fine input and review provided by
Dianne Groh, the USEPA work assignment manager on this project.
Appreciation is also due to Larry Svoboda, the OSEPA project officer who
initiated and directed the original monitoring effort, for his supervi-
sory guidance and help in completing the project. Invaluable assistance
was provided during the sound measurement portion of the study by Jim
Harris, Steve Potts, and Jay Sinnott of the USEPA; by Alan Kogs and Mike
Watkins of the U.S. Forest Service; by Betty Ahlstrom, Prudence Benway,
Dave Ressler, Leslie Shackleford, and Leslie Sweeney of the Noise
Technical Assistance Center; by Bruce Mclntosh, Charles Jonkel, and
Chris Servheen of the University of Montana; and by the superintendents
and staff of Grand Teton and Glacier National Parks. Assistance in
developing descriptions of exploration activities and their effects on
wildlife is deeply appreciated from Tom Hope, Gary Kiefer, Ron des
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Jardin, Lloyd Swanger, Dave Lange, Gary Gregory, Cliff Martinka, Beth
Buren, and others who were contacted in the U.S. Forest Service,
National Park Service, and other organizations. Special recognition is
also due to the members of Engineering-Science staff who contributed
substantially to the successful completion of this report: Penny
Sisson, who helped develop and review the initial drafts; Jon Sims, who
developed the many computer tables and figures; Alice Taft, who ably and
quickly processed the text; and Kris Kranzush, who served as project
manager, coordinating the whole process through its many steps.
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
As demands upon our natural resources have grown over recent
decades, public land managers have been faced with the dilemma of
protecting areas of special interest such as national parks, wilderness
areas, preserves, and wild and scenic rivers, while responding at the
same time to development and consumption pressures. One such situation
exists in northwestern Montana. Oil and gas companies have become
increasingly interested in locating and extracting petroleum reserves in
this area in the vicinity of Glacier National Park. Partially as a
result of this pressure, Glacier was rated as the most threatened
National Park in the State of the Park Report submitted to Congress in
1980. As a result of these events, the U.S. National Park Service
(USNPS), charged with the responsibility of preserving Glacier
unimpaired for future generations, felt it was important to document the
existing acoustic environment of the Park, and to assess the sound
levels which are produced by oil and gas exploration activities.
During the summer of 1981, the Park Service requested sound level
monitoring assistance from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)
Region VIII. In response to this request, staff from the USEPA Region
VIII Noise Office in Denver, Colorado and the USEPA Noise Technical
Assistance Center at the University of Colorado in Boulder, Colorado,
began a sound monitoring study in Glacier National Park and the Flathead
and Helena National Forests. The purpose of the monitoring was to
develop data on the impacts of sound from seismic exploration activities
associated with oil and gas development in the vicinity of the Park.
In June of 1931, baseline ambient sound level measurements were
made on the western side of the Park, and at locations in the northern
part of the Flathead National Forest to the west of the Park. During a
subsequent monitoring period in July 1981, sound level measurements were
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made at the same monitoring sites in Flathead National Forest while a
seismic crew using the shallow shot method of blasting (buried charges)
was in the vicinity. During this period, monitoring was also conducted
in the Helena National Forest where a seismic crew was using the Modi-
fied Poulter (above ground) method of blasting. It was planned to use
the data gathered during the Helena portion of the study to develop
projections on what the noise impacts on Glacier National Park would be
from above ground blasting activities which commonly occur just outside
the Park. This information was to be made available to the Park Service
and other federal land managers for their use in analyzing the impacts
of oil and gas exploration activities.
At the end of August 1981, the USEPA Noise Program was abolished
and the Region's Noise Technical Assistance Center was closed. Since
the noise study had not yet been completed, the data tables, tape
recordings, maps, field notes and other materials associated with the
study were stored at USEPA offices. In the meantime, while both the
DSSPA and the USNPS looked for funding to finish the work, exploration
and development pressure on the Park and nearby National Forests and
wilderness areas increased, with 30 percent*of the exploration projects
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using the Modified Poulter method. In the summer of 1984, the study was
resumed with money from USEPA. Engineering-Science, Inc., an environ-
mental studies firm with offices in Denver, Colorado, and Pasadena,
California, was asked to finish the data analysis and prepare this
report under the direction of Mr. Richard E. Burke, with the assistance
of Dr. James D. Foch, Jr., who had been Director of the Noise Technical
Assistance Center and had led the monitoring effort in 1981.
One of the first tasks involved in the renewal of the study was to
reanalyze the tape recordings made in 1981 to determine if there had
been any data loss since 1981. The average difference between maximum
blast levels analyzed in 1984 and those analyzed in 1981 using the same
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tapes was found to be less than one decibel (dB).1 After the quality of
the tapes was verified, sound levels for the ambient, blasts, and
helicopters were analyzed in detail. Results of the analyses indicated
that ambient sound levels in the western section of the Park where the
monitoring was conducted ranged from 20 to 35 dBA. Using the propaga-
tion factors and application methods presented in this report for a
sample case, it was estimated that sound levels from above ground blasts
outside the Park could reach 60 dBA at a location five miles inside the
Park boundary, that is, 40 dBA or more above the Park's low background
levels. This estimate does not include the additional enhancement which
often results during morning hours due to temperature inversion condi-
tions. As observed in the Helena National Forest, the sudden onset of
above ground blast sounds was startling, and the sounds remained audible
for a remarkable long length of time. The measured rate of decay of the
maximum blast sound level over time was found to be slower than expected
—• about 6 dBA per second. Conversely, however, the rate of decay of
the maximum blast sound levels over distance was found to be greater
than expected — about 22 dBA per doubling of distance, including
effects of atmospheric absorption. Complex terrain- and ground cover may
be factors related to these findings.
Where underground blasting or ground vibration are used in seismic
exploration, helicopters dominate the sound levels in the vicinity of
seismic projects and transportation corridors. Helicopters produce
sound levels which could propagate over five miles into the Park before
becoming inaudible, as shown in the sample analysis. The rate of decay
of maximum helicopter sound levels over distance was found to lower
than expected — about 2 to 3 dBA per doubling of distance. This result
is due to unknown factors which may include directivity and operating
mode of the sound source, location of the observers relative to the
surrounding terrain, or meteorological factors. When the observer is in
All sound levels in this report are measured in terms of decibels,
either A-weighted (dBA) or unweighted (dB). If the levels are averaged
on a logrythmic or energy basis, they are referred to as average
levels. If they are averaged on a statistical or arithmetic basis,
they are referred to as arithmetic average levels.
xii
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a valley and a helicopter passes overhead, audibility was found to be
limited to the time when the helicopter is within line of sight, due to
the barrier effect of the intervening mountains.
It should be noted that the propagation models developed and used
in example estimates in this study are based upon very limited field
data. Additional measurements made under different meteorological,
terrain, or source/receiver conditions may yield different results.
These findings should therefore only be considered as preliminary until
they have been validated by further study.
In the final section of the report, specific recommendations for
further study are presented. They include the need for: additional
analysis of the propagation of sound levels in the vicinity of Glacier
National Park; refined acoustic measurements of seismic exploration
sound sources at particular source/receptor locations and under worst
case meteorological conditions; a study of the reactions of Park users
and residents to sounds produced by seismic activities; documentation of
the reaction of grizzly bears and other animals to above ground blasts;
centralized collection of information on existing and proposed seismic
project locations and operation methods; development of a computer model
for projecting sound levels and distances of audibility for future
projects; simplication of the model for use with a hand calculator as an
initial screening tool prior to the environmental assessment stage of a
project; and finally, a study of the sound levels produced by oil and
gas extraction and processing activities, which are longer term activi-
ties whose impacts are not addressed in this report.
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
This report concerns sound levels measured in Flathead National
Forest, Glacier National Park and Helena National Forest, located in
northwestern Montana (Figure 1). During the summer of 1981, the U.S.
National Park Service (USNPS) requested sound level monitoring assis-
tance from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Region VIII
Noise Office. The Park Service, charged with the responsibility of
preserving Glacier National Park unimpaired for future generations, was
concerned about the possible noise impacts of the oil and gas explora-
tion activities which were occuring outside jthe Park (see Appendix A.1).
The special nature of the acoustic environment of the Park, the unique
research and recreational opportunities offered in the Park, and the
sensitive wildlife populations which inhabit the Park were all factors
which suggested the importance of documenting existing sound levels and
gathering new data on the sound levels from blasting, helicopters and
related operations near the Park.
In response to the Park Service's request, staff from USEPA and the
USEPA's Noise Technical Assistance Center at the University of Colorado
at Boulder began a sound level monitoring study in Glacier National Park
and the Flathead and Helena National Forests. In June 1981, baseline
ambient sound level measurements were made on the western side of the
Park, and at locations in the northern part of the Flathead National
Forest to the west of the Park. During a subsequent monitoring period
in July 1981, sound level measurements were made again in Flathead while
a seismic crew using the shallow shot method of blasting (buried
charges) was in the vicinity- During this same period, monitoring was
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B
RITISH COLUMBIA C/
ALBERTA
*
STUDY AREA
KEY
NATIONAL FOREST
SOUND
MEASUREMENT
SITES
o
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n
m
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also conducted in the Helena National Forest where a seismic crew was
using the Modified Poulter (above ground) method of blasting. It was
planned to use the data gathered during the Helena portion of the study
to develop projections on what the noise impacts would be from above
ground blasting which occurs outside the Park. This information was to
be made available to the Park Service and other federal land managers
for their use in analyzing the impacts from oil and gas exloration
activities.
1.2 PURPOSE
The primary purposes of this study are to describe the ambient
sound levels measured on the western side of Glacier National Park, to
report the sound levels from oil and gas activities in the Flathead and
Helena National Forests, and to develop estimating procedures for
predicting sound propagation from those exploration activities for use
in future impact assessments. Recreational uses and grizzly bear
habitats and movements in and near the Park are also summarized. The
report provides a preliminary method for estimating how sound levels
from exploration might propagate from the Flathead National Forest into
•
Glacier National Park, and illustrates the method with an example.
Finally, the report suggests how the accuracy of the findings presented
might be improved with further study.
After the reference section (Chapter 9), appendices are provided at
the end of the report which contain further details on the location of
existing and planned exploration activities near Glacier National Park,
a description of exploration methods, supporting sound level and meteor-
ological data, and other information pertinent to the investigation. A
glossary of acoustical terms used in the text is included after the
appendices.
1.3 REPORT SCOPE LIMITATIONS
It is hoped that the data and the methodologies presented here will
be useful as first steps in the assessment of the acoustic impacts of
seismic exploration activities. U.S. National Park Service decision
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makers, other federal land managers, recreation and acoustic special-
ists, wildlife biologists and others may wish to use this research to
help in their assessment of impacts on sensitive recreational, research
and wildlife uses of the Park; however, users of this report should take
into account its limitations. Particular caution should be exercised in
applying the measured data and the specific sound propagation estimates
for Glacier National Park to projects in other locations where wind
conditions, temperature gradients, terrain and operational conditions
are different than those evaluated here. Even within the area evaluated
in this study, further collection and analysis of data under a variety
of meteorological and operational conditions is warranted to verify the
assumptions and methodologies used. The step-by-step procedure for
predicting sound level propagation requires additional testing, and
broad application of the method is not recommended at this time.
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CHAPTER 2
BACKGROUND ON FLATHEAD/GLACIER MEASUREMENTS
2.1 EXPLORATION ACTIVITY
A great deal of seismic exploration for oil and gas resources takes
place in the area of study. Typical objectives of these seismic explor-
ations are (U.S. Forest Service 1980):
1. To gather seismic data of sufficient detail and precision to
permit an analysis of the subsurface geologic structure along
the lines of survey, and to determine areas where geologic
characteristics are favorable for the accumulation and
entrapment of oil and natural gas.
«
2. To gather seismic data which will permit a better interpreta-
tion of the regional geology, and improve knowledge of the
geologic evolution of the Northern Montana Overthrust Belt,
where these resources are known to exist.
Various methods may be used in seismic exploration (see Appendix
A for explanations of these methods). They include:
1. Deep shot
2. Vibroseis
3. Portadrill (shallow shot)
4. Surface Charge
5. Modified Poulter Method
6. Core Drilling
7. Rotary Drilling
8. Thumper Method
9. Dinoseis
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The method used most often (80 to 90 percent) by exploration teams
in Flathead and Lewis and Clark National Forests is the above-ground
blasting technique known as the Modified Poulter method (Strathy 1984).
This method is the noisiest method of those shown, and is discussed in
detail in Chapter 3. It is the method preferred by exploration
companies in rugged terrain.
Although it is used infrequently (one per year or less), the method
used during the period when noise measurements were taken in Flathead
National Forest was the portadrill method (U.S. Forest Service 1980).
This method uses small, helicopter-portable drills capable of drilling a
3- to 4-inch diameter hole (called a shot hole) to a depth of 10 to 20
feet. Each drill is driven by a gasoline engine and fitted with an air
compressor which is used to blow the drill cuttings (rock chips and
dust) out of the hole.
The shot holes are typically loaded with a 3- to 5-pound charge of
dynamite fitted with an electric cap. The hole is backfilled to the
surface with drill cuttings and gravel if necessary. Shot holes are
typically drilled every 330 feet along the seismic line, which provides
•
exactly 16 holes per mile. .
Ten portadrills, each with a 3-person crew, are usually needed.
Two helicopters move the portadrills along the seismic line; each
portadrill being moved ahead in leapfrog fashion from the most recently
completed hole to a new shot hole at the front of the seismic line.
Each helicopter passes a given point along the line at least five times,
typically at an altitude of about 400 feet (Kiefer 1984a). Helicopters
also transport the 30-person drilling crew to and from non-wilderness
base camps. Such trips are normally flown at an altitude of about 1,000
feet (Kiefer 1984a).
The speed of helicopters used in exploration depends on their
activity (Kiefer 1984a):
** 444
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Function Speed (knots)
Carrying equipment 0-60
Working at the seismic line 0-30
Unloaded Over 60
Carrying people only 60-110
Types of helicopters which have been used include Loma, A-Star,
Twin Star, Hughes 500, Bell L3, and Bell 206 Jet Ranger. The Loma
helicopter was used during the activity measured in Flathead National
Forest.
On a large project, the portadrill method requires about 3 to 4
months for drilling and loading shot holes (Strathy 1984). After a set
of shot holes have been drilled, a 25-person seismic crew, using two
helicopters, passes along the seismic line at a rate of about 1 to 3
miles per week, loading and detonating the subsurface charges and
recording the seismic data in the recording module. It takes an extra
month beyond the time when the last hole is drilled for a seismic field
crew to complete this work. Thus, a total of about 4-1/2 months are
needed to complete a large portadrill seismic exploration program.
»
Sound levels from the portadrill method were not measured in this
survey, however., sound from helicopters was measured, as described in
Chapte'r 4.
During the 3- to 4-month drilling period, sound levels increase
during daytime hours in the local area of each shot hole due to drill-
ing, vehicle travel, and other crew activities, and over a wider area
due to helicopter traffic to and from the site. During the underground
detonation period, sound levels increase in each local area momentarily
during the blasts, and over a wide area due to helicopter traffic.
During the entire period, sound levels are increased in the vicinity of
the base camp due to helicopter traffic, vehicles, and miscellaneous
camp activities.
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2.2 SITE DESCRIPTION
The following description of the physical characteristics of the
Flathead/Glacier measurement site area is primarily based upon informa-
tion presented in previous environmental assessments of the area (U.S.
Forest Service 1980, U.S. National Park Service 1983).
Topography
The scenery of the Flathead National Forest is spectacular and full
of physical variety. Deep valleys eroded by streams and sculpted by
glaciers result in narrow ridges and steep valleys. There are broad
expanses of alpine and subalpine country with perennial snowfields,
sparse vegetation, and steep and rocky terrain. Interspersed are many
broad mountain valleys with some heavy stands of timber and scattered
mountain meadows.
The mountain ranges on both the Flathead and Glacier sides of the
North Fork of the Flathead River contain ridges which run east^west.
Drainage winds, which occur during evening and early morning hours as a
result of diurnal temperature changes, follow this east-west pattern.
As a consequence, early morning sounds generated in Flathead National
Forest are often channeled toward Glacier National Park.
Weather
Wind direction during most daytime summer time periods is from the
southwest (Glacier National Park 1980). This condition tends to enhance
sound level propagation from blasting activities in Flathead National-
Forest toward observers in Glacier National Park.
Maximum temperatures occasionally reach 90"F in the valley of the
North Fork, but generally range from about 65"F to 75°F during the
exploration season. Minimum temperatures generally range from 30 °F to
45°F during this period.
Seismic exploration activity is halted during periods of thunder-
storm activity and excessive winds, since helicopters cannot operate
under these conditions.
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Vegetation
The vegetation in the Flathead National Forest varies greatly.
Where the terrain is dominated by steep rocky ridges and narrow valleys,
the landscape is sparsely forested. Much of the lower lands are heavily
forested, while at the upper elevations subalpine vegetation dominates.
Larch, Douglas fir, and subalpine fir dominate the slopes, while in the
bottom lands spruce and ponderosa pine are found.
Threatened and Endangered Species
Species protected by the Endangered Species Act of 1973 which are
known to inhabit the area include the grizzly bear, the gray wolf, the
bald eagle, and the peregrine falcon. Some of the general effects of
oil and gas exploration activities on these wildlife are discussed in
Sections 6.1 and 6.2.
2.3 MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE
Measurement Sites
Sound measurement sites were selected at 17 locations in Flathead
•
National Forest and Glacier' National Park (figure 2). After the mea-
surement tapes were played back, it was verified that none of the sites
selected was affected by other sound-generating activities such as
logging or highway traffic. The measurement sites comprised three
groups.
Sites 1 through 5. Five sites in Flathead National Forest were
selected for continuous sound level measurement, after consultation with
Professor Charles Jonkel of the University of Montana and two of his
students, Dr. Chris Servheen and Mr. Bruce Mclntosh. These three
biologists were knowledgeable about areas representative of bear habita-
tion, since they had been involved in trapping grizzly bears in the
Flathead National Forest, placing radio collars on the bears, and
tracking the bears by radio as the bears moved about their habitat. The
five sites selected in Flathead are identified as Sites 1 through 5 in
Figure 2.
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FLATHEAD/GLACIER
NOISE MEASUREMENT SITES
HELICOPTER
STAGING
01234 Miles
TJ
O
aj
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fO
Scale
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Sites 6 through 10. These five sites were located in Glacier
National Park. Tape recordings of about 30 minutes duration were made
at each site to characterize ambient conditions in the Park. In
addition, some 24-hour sound level measurements were made. No audible
or visual observations were made from these sites of oil/gas exploration
activities.
Sites 11 through 17. Special tape recordings and maximum sound
ft
level readings were made at these sites on days when exploration activ-
ity was taking place to assess helicopter flyovers near Hornet Mountain
(Figure 2). These helicopter operations were observed to involve
transportation of seismic test equipment and other material used in the
exploration project.
Equipment
Sound measurement equipment used at the Flathead/Glacier sites
included six Digital Acoustics Company community noise analyzers, and
various General Radio precision sound level meters, Nagra and Uher tape
recorders, sling psychrometers, Dwyer wind gauges, and portable two-way
radios. A detailed list of equipment system components used in the
program is included in Appendix C.
Five of the Digital Acoustics analyzers were set up at Sites 1
through 5 in Flathead National Forest. They operated continuously for
approximately one week, printing on paper tape a running summary of
sound level measurements. A sixth Digital Acoustics analyzer was
deployed at some of the other sites for shorter periods of time. The
General Radio precision sound level meters were used at Sites 6 through
17, some with tape recorders. The recordings were analyzed within a few
days by playing them through one of the six Digital Acoustics analyzers.
Windscreens were used on all microphones to minimize interference with
the measurements by wind and insects.
Measurement Procedure
Measurements were made over two separate one-week periods. From
June 26 to July 2, no exploration activity was taking place. These
measurements are termed "ambient" measurements in this report. Two to
three weeks later, from July 19 to July 25, the same sites were re-
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visited, and since exploration activity was observed during the measure-
ment period, these measurements are termed "exploration measurements."
Usually, at the beginning and end of each sound level measurement
period, dry bulb temperature and wet bulb temperature were measured for
subsequent determination of relative humidity, and wind speed was noted.
The person making the tape recording also kept a log in which distinc-
tive sounds were identified and correlated precisely with time. Cali-
bration of the system was ensured by recording a calibration tone on
each tape.
To measure sound levels from helicopters used in the seismic
exploration effort, tape recordings were made on Hornet Lookout near
Site 3 and in the valleys on either side of the Lookout. Sound levels
from helicopters were measured as they transported workers, equipment,
and supplies to drilling and blasting sites in the National Forest.
Helicopters were also used to move drilling rigs from one site to the
next, where a few trees had been felled to make room for the drilling
activity. A helicopter was also used to move the data processing
center, which recorded the seismic wave data received by the geophones
arranged along the seismic exploration line!. A large portion of this
helicopter traffic was observed and measured.
The Digital Acoustics community noise analyzers were all programmed
to measure significant sounds from helicopters and other single events
associated with seismic exploration. One of the programming options
involves establishing a threshold and a time interval above the thresh-
old. An event must exceed the threshold and remain above it for the
established time interval to be identified on the paper tape record.
This option was employed using thresholds from 65 to 75 dB, and a 10-
second minimum duration. A significant increase in the number of such
events was noticed from the first measurement period to the second,
particularly at Site 2.
Between the first and second visits, the amount of water flowing in
the creeks of the Flathead National Forest diminished greatly. Some
creek beds which had contained rushing streams dwindled to baraly a
12
-------
trickle. This change produced a marked decrease in indigenous sound
levels at several of the sites, as noted in Chapter 4.
In addition to tape recordings at most of Sites 6 through 17, tape
recordings were also made at Sites 1 and 2 where the Digital Acoustics
community noise analyzers were deployed. These brief recordings,
usually 10 to 15 minutes in duration, were intended to be used for
octave band analysis of indigenous sounds.
Data Reduction
After the measurements were completed, the recorded data were
reduced using a Digital Acoustics analyzer. Statistical levels, L ,
L L . , and other values (see Symbols and Abbreviations) were
max min
tabulated and stored for later use. In October 1984, these tabulated
data were entered onto an IBM personal computer (PC). With the use of
the Lotus 1-2-3 software, the data were input onto the PC's spread sheet
and retained on diskettes in the form shown in Appendix D. The compu-
terized data were categorized according to the sequence of the original
1981 tables and site numbers, as shown by the example output in Table 1.
Copies of the diskettes have been provided to USEPA.
•
Each computer table indicates sound source measured, the measure-
ment area, the site number, date, hour, type of measurement, meteorol-
ogical factors, and system of equipment used. In the example shown, "F"
indicates the measurements were made in Flathead National Forest and "A"
indicates ambient sounds were measured. All output was checked for
accuracy and revised accordingly.
Values in the computer tables were used to generate plots. For
instance, the L5Q sound level during hour 1100-1200 can be plotted for
days 7/19 through 7/25 by reading the value in the L5Q column and the
1100-1200 hours row in Tables 60-65 (Appendix D).
-------
TABLE i. SAMPLE MEASUREMENT DATA TABLE
T S
A Q A
Bl 1 O
U K
L N E
EDA
11 A F
11 A F
11 A F
11 fl F
11 fl F
11 fl F
11 fl F
11 fl F
11 fl F
11 fl F
11 fl F
11 fl F
11 A F
11 fl F
11 fl F
11 fl F
11 fl F
11 0 F
11 fl F
11 fl F
11 fl F
11 fl F
11 fl F
S D
In
H
T T
E E
2 6/27
2 6/27
£ 6/27
2 6/27
2 6/27
2 6/27
2 6/27
2 6/27
2 6/27
2 6/27
2 6/27
2 6/27
2 6/27
2 6/27
2 6/27
2 6/27
2 6/27
2 6/27
2 6/27
2 6/27
2 6/27
2 6/27
2 6/27
HOURS
Ol OO-020O
O2OO-O300
0300-040O
O400-O50O
05OO-O6OO
O6OO-O70O
O7OO-OBOO
O8OO-O9OO
O90O-1OOO
10OO-11OO
1100-1200
12OO-1300
1300-1400
14OO-15OO
15OO-160O
160O-170O
17OO-1BOO
1BOO-19OO
1900-2000
2OOO-21 OO
21 OO-2200
2200-2300
2300-0000
Leq L. Ol
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
46
44
43
44
48
44
54
5O
44
44
44
44
44
45
46
44
L. 1
SI
48
44
46
53
48
52
49
49
48
57
64
32
78
70
49
46
48
54
47
48
64
46
LI
45
44
44
45
46
45
45
48
46
44
49
55
47
63
56
47
45
46
45
44
47
45
45
t
L5
44
44
44
43
44
44
44
47
45
43
46
SO
45
52
53
43
45'
43
43
43
47
44
44
-EVEL
L10
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
47
45
43
45
48
44
45
48
.44
45
43
43
43
45
44
44
O.S -
0. 4 -
0. 3 -
0. 5 -
0. 8 -
0. 5 -
0.6 -
1.4 -
0.9 -
0. 5 -
1.4 -
2.5 -
0. 8 -
3. 9 -
2. 8 -
0. 8 -
0.6 -
0. 8 -
0. 6 -
0. 3 -
1.1 -
1. 1 -
0.5 -
E
Q
U I
(V) P
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
«• R
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
SOURCE
fl - AMBIENT
E -
EXPLORATION
NO DflTfl
OREfl
F - FLflTHEflD NATIONAL FOREST
Q - GLACIER NATIONAL PflRK
H - HELENO NflTIONflL FOREST
METEOROLOQY
T - TEMPERflTURE
H - RELRTWE HUMIDITY
M - WIND SPEED
EQUIPMENT SYSTEMS fl-O (SEE APPENDIX)
-------
CHAPTER 3
BACKGROUND ON HELENA MEASUREMENTS
3.1 EXPLORATION ACTIVITY
The oil/gas exploration method used during the 1981 noise measure-
ments in the Helena National Forest was the Modified Poulter Method.
This method (National Park Service, no date) typically consists of
detonating a series of 50-pound shots of explosives at shotpoints
located at 330-foot intervals along the seismic line. Each shot usually
consists of 8 to 10 individual 5-pound charges of explosive, each
affixed to a wooden lath so that the explosive is suspended about 30 to
36 inches above the ground. For each shotpoint, the charges are dis-
tributed evenly over a 165-foot interval of the seismic line, that is,
the charges are separated by 16 to 20 feet. Primacord is suspended
between them and attached to an electric blasting cap and shooting wire.
The individual charges explode sequentially, separated by milliseconds,
as the ignition point travels down the primacord. No live shots are
left unattended and at least four people are positioned around each shot
to ensure the safety of forest users and forest animals.
Implementation of this method normally requires 29 people: 4
surveyors, 3 for checking for fires, and 22 for layout, shooting, and
pickup. The crew is responsible for laying out the seismic cable and
geophones; setting up and detonating the shot; recording the seismic
data; picking up all cable, flagging, and debris; and monitoring for
safety and fire hazard.
Typically, two helicopters provide daily transportation of the crew
from nonwilderness campsites to and from the seismic line, and transport
equipment and supplies along the seismic line. One helicopter must be
capable of moving the recording module which has a gross weight of 1,100
R 111
-------
pounds. This recording module is moved forward in leapfrog fashion
along the seismic line every one to three days.
Once the recording module is lowered to the ground in a natural
clearing along the seismic line, the seismic cables are attached. Under
favorable conditions seismic exploration can be conducted for a distance
of up to five miles on either side of the recording module before the
module must be moved.
When the helicopters are transporting the recording module and
ferrying other pieces of equipment along the seismic line, they fly at
an altitude of about 400 feet (Kiefer 1984a). This altitude allows a
piece of equipment hanging on 150 feet of cable below the helicopter to
clear a 100-foot tall stand of trees by 150 feet. When a helicopter is
taking passengers on longer flights, such as to and from the base camp,
it flies at a higher speed and at an altitude of about 1,000 feet.
3.2 SITE DESCRIPTION
The following site description primarily includes summarized
information from the Helena National Forest Land and Resource Management
Plan, Draft Environmental Impact Statement (U.S. Forest Service 1985).
Topography
The Helena National Forest contains about 975,000 acres. It
straddles the Continental Divide and encompasses headwaters of both the
Missouri and Columbia River systems. The Forest extends east from the
edge of the open grassland country in the upper reaches of the Big and
Little Blackfoot drainages to the more arid open grasslands of the
Missouri drainages.
Elevations range from about 3,500 feet along the Missouri River
shore, to several peaks over 9,000 feet. Generally, the low elevation
along the Forest boundary ranges from 5,000 to 5,500 feet and normal
ridgetop elevations rarely exceeding 8,000 feet. Most of the forest is
on slopes of 40 percent or less, although one-third of the land is 40 to
60 percent slope, and 3 percent is over 60 percent slope.
a 111 16
-------
Climate
The Helena National Forest has a continental type climate which
exhibits large variations in temperature and precipitation. Tempera-
tures range from above 90*F in the summer to well below 0°F in the
winter. The coldest temperature ever recorded in the lower 48 states
(-70°F) occurred near Rogers Pass on the Helena Forest in 1952.
This variation is typical of the Northern Rocky Mountain Region,
with brief periods of extremes on either end of the temperature scale.
Heavy precipitation is found on the west slopes of the Continental
Divide — up to 60 inches annually — as compared to 10 to 12 inches of
moisture for portions of the Big Belt Mountains. Much of the Forest is
relatively dry, with vegetation being slow to recover from impacts of
heavy use by man and animals.
Vege ta tion
The Forest exhibits a wide range of vegetative cover. On eastern
slopes, rolling grassland is interspersed with timber patches at the
lower elevations, progressing to more solid timber on the steeper middle
and upper slopes, and to subalpine types ott bare ridges in the higher
elevations. The region is more heavily timbered on slopes west of the
Divide.
Approximately 80 percent of the Helena National Forest has some
degree of timber cover. About 75 percent of this is suitable commercial
timberland, capable of producing 20 cubic feet per acre per year or
more. The nonfcrested portions of the Helena are divided roughly into
the following categories:
Meadows, grasslands and brush 83,000 acres
Rock and scree 55,000 acres
Open water and aquatic 2,500 acres
Alpine and barren 1,800 acres
Within the forested portions of the Forest, the most common ground
cover species are beargrass, pinegrass, twinflower, snowberry. huckle-
berry, rough fescue, grouse whortleberry, bluebunch wheatgrass, white-
bark pine, and menziesia.
-------
3.3 MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE
Measurement Sites
The sound level measurements in the Helena National Forest were
made on July 16, 1981, a sunny day with negligible surface wind, along
the seismic exploration line at a location arranged by the National
Forest Service. Figure 3 shows measurement sites 18, 19, 20, and 21,
each separated by 330 feet along the line. The measurements began
before noon and lasted until about 6:30 p.m.
Before the sound measurement period began, the seismic exploration
crew had already laid out cables along the exploration line with geo-
phones and communication plugs located every 165 feet. Each such
geophone location was identified with a number, such as 1079, indicating
1,079 intervals of 165 feet from some reference point. The geophone
locations were numbered sequentially, and each carried a clearly visible
flag bearing its number.
The blasts began east of the sound measurement equipment,
approached the equipment positions, omitted several geophone locations
in their immediate vicinity; and continued '^toward the west as the day
concluded. The field bearing of the seismic line was 240 degrees. It
crossed Cabin Gulch Road 423 at a distance of 8.1 miles from the paved
highway. The sound measurement sites were at the intersection of the
seismic line and Cabin Gulch Road 423, where the latter had a field
bearing of 300 degrees. Two sound measurement sites were east of the
*
road, and two were to the west.
Measurements were taken in an area remote from other major sources
of noise, such as highway vehicles, aircraft, or camping. None of these
or other extraneous sources interfered with the tape recordings made in
the area.
Equipment
The seismic exploration crew allowed the sound measurement equip-
ment operators to listen in on their communications, which provided a
five- to ten-second warning before each blast. The advance warning
enabled the equipment operators to disconnect from the communication
18
-------
HELENA NATIONAL FOREST
MEASUREMENT SITES
SOUND MEASUREMENT SITES
I BLAST SHOT-POINTS
//.'."'/•MHUllll'- W/,. ->i
-------
system, turn off their portable radio equipment, and activiate the sound
level measuring equipment in time to catch the blast.
Four sound measuring systems were deployed on the crown of a hill
along a straight line about 25 feet north of and parallel to the seismic
line. Each microphone was approximately 5 feet above ground level.
Each system was operated with flat weighting, fast response, and was
recalibrated approximately once each hour. The calibration adjustments
were generally less than one decibel.
The first system, a Digital Acoustics community noise analyzer, was
placed opposite geophone location 1082. The second system, a GenRad
Model 1982 precision sound level meter, was placed opposite geophone
location 1084 (165 feet x 2 =» 330 feet from the first system). The
third system, a GenRad Model 1988 precision sound level meter/Nagra
Model IV D tape recorder, was placed opposite geophone location 1086.
The fourth system, a GenRad Model 1933 precision sound level meter/Nagra
IV SJ tape recorder, was placed opposite geophone location 1088.
The third and fourth systems have a range selector on the sound
level meter which affects the voltage transmitted to the tape recorder.
In addition, each tape recorder has an input attenuation selector. The
Nagra IVSJ, a two channel recorder, has two such input attenuation
selectors, one for each channel. By adjusting the sound level meter
range selector and the tape recorder input channel attenuation selec-
tors, one channel was usually able to record the proper signal to noise
ratio without saturation.
Measured Events
The exploration crew in the field stated that each blast was
produced in the following way. First, eight stakes were driven into the
ground along a straight line parallel to the seismic line, 50 to 75 feet
from it, and centered on a geophone. The line of stakes extended about
100 feet with 5 pounds of dynamite on each stake. Each charge was
approximately 4 feet above ground. It is not known whether any detona-
tion delays were used.
The seismic craw referred to each blast by the number of the
adjacent geophone. Thus, from monitoring their communications, the
20
-------
geophone location of each blast was known, and hence its distance from
each of the sound level measuring systems could be determined.
The observers stationed 825 to 5,280 feet from the blasts noticed
that each blast had a sharp, startling, loud character. They also
noticed each blast was audible a surprisingly long duration (8 to 14
seconds). Because of shielding by terrain and atmospheric propagation
factors, variations in L of 10 to 20 decibels (for the same blast)
max
among the measuring sites were common, even though the separation
between observation sites was a maximum of 990 feet.
This seismic exploration activity also used a helicopter. It flew
low and produced correspondingly high sound levels which were tape
recorded. The type of helicopter flown during the measurements is not
known.
Date Reduction
After the measurements were completed, the recorded data was
reduced as described in Chapter 2. The computerized data were cate-
gorized in the same manner as .the Flathead/Glacier data, as shown by the
example output in Table 2. All output waV checked for accuracy and
revised accordingly.
R 111 21
-------
TABLE 2. SAMPLE MEASUREMENT DATA TABLE
Helena
Helicopter Sound Levels
HELICOPTER OCTAVE BAND LEVELS
SITE ?1
(Helena National Forest)
filter
Leq
Lmx
July 16, 1981 Time I 124543-124733
-------
CHAPTER 4
MEASUREMENT RESULTS
In this chapter, the measurement data collected at Flathead,
Glacier, and Helena are analyzed and important findings summarized.
Results are presented sequentially for the ambient, helicopters, seismic
blasts, and other sources of sound.
4.1 AMBIENT SOUND LEVELS
After all the ambient sound level data were tabulated from the
measurement results and verified to be correct, a comprehensive study of
the results was made. First, for the continuous measurement sites
•»
(Sites 1 through 5), the variation of sound levels over a 24-hour period
0
was examined for days with and without exploration activity. Noticeable
differences were apparent between daytime and evening sound levels, with
the transition typically occurring around the hours of 6:00 a.m. and
11:00 p.m. (see data tables in Appendix D). Sound levels measured
during the nighttime hours between 11:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m. were
generally constant; therefore, these hours were chosen as indicative of
background conditions during the two measurement periods. Average
nighttime sound levels for each day of the measurements are shown in
Figures 4 through 8. The levels exceeded one percent of the time (L ),
ten percent of the time (LIO). and 90 percent of the time (LgQ) are
shown, as well as the energy equivalent level (L ). These terms are
further described in the Glossary.
Sites 1 and 3 had the lowest daytime background (LgQ) levels, as
low as 15 to 25 dBA. Sites 2, 4 and 5, dominated by the sound of water
flowing nearby, had the highest background levels, ranging from 35 to 40
dBA.
R111
-------
(O
-=1"
_
LJ
£
C.
o
SITE 1 NIGHTTIM
50
4-5-1
4-0
35
30
25 -
20 -
15 -
10
6/26
(23OO-06OO)
BASELINE AMBIENT EXPLORATION AMBIENT
LEVELS
~k
1 I I I
n Le-q
7/3
I T I
7/1 7
L1
KEY :
L1 0
L90
-------
LJ
a
C.
6
SITE 2 NIGHTTIME (2300-0600) LEVELS
50
45 -
40 H
35
30
25
20
15 -\
10 -
6./2G
BASELINE AMBIENT J EXPLORATION AMBIENT
Tir &'
Leq
s
1 1 1
i I
7/3
L1
tn
T^ I
7/17
1 1
i l
7/24
H
Ul
KEY:
L1 O
L90
-------
CTl
'•—N
•=!
T?
_J
Lul
a
Q
o
SIT
50-
45 -
15 -
10
3 NIGHTTIME (2300-0600) LEVELS
BASELINE AMBIENT EXPLORATION AMBIENT
-i
i i i i i
6/26
I I I I
7/3 7/17
H
8
KEY :
a
+ L1
L10
L90
-------
SITE 4 NIGHTTIME (2300-0600) LEVELS
BASELINE AMBIENT EXPLORATION AMBIENT
"°y
LJ
>,
SOUND LE
oo — '
50 -
<
r
4-5 -
4
40 -
35 -
30 -
25 -
20 -
15 -
1 n
I U —
--k_
Cf1 ' *r ' TD w" ' — I
JC ^" ^ T
, •
1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I I 1 1 1 1
26 7/3 7/17
KEY?
H
Q
G
a Le-q
L1
L10
L9O
-------
fo
00
UJ
§
a
D
o
SITE 5 NIGHTTIME (2300-0600) LEVELS
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20 -
15 -
10
6/26
BASELINE AMBIENT EXPLORATION AMBIENT
Leq
i i i i
L1
l I
7/3
KEY;
\ \
7/17
L10
i r
L90
H
I
00
-------
Water Runoff
The sound levels for nighttime hours shown in Figures 4 through 8
illustrate the dominance of water sound levels at Sites 1, 2, 4, and 5.
These sites are located close to Thoma Creek (Site 1), Trail Creek (Site
2), and Red Meadow Creek (Sites 4 and 5). Site 3 is located on a
mountain top and, therefore, is not near running water.
For the water-dominated sites, a large difference is shown in the
figures between sound levels in June and July. This difference was
found to be directly related to the difference between runoff volumes in
the two periods. Figure 9 shows the mean monthly values of water flow
of the north fork of the Flathead River, measured by the U.S. Geological
Survey at Columbia Falls, Montana for the past five years (USGS 1984).
The year 1981, when the noise measurements were taken, appears to be a
relatively high water runoff year, although not the highest in the past
five years. Figure 10 illustrates water flow levels which have been
measured over the past five years during the June-July period (USGS
1984). Again, it is apparent that 1931 was a relatively high water
runoff year for June-July, and the background sound level measurements
•
were affected accordingly. •
The observed influence of water flow on the measurements is not
indicative of normal ambient conditions experienced by bears, humans, or
other species in the "study area. Rather, an analysis of the data shows
that ambient sound levels in the study area are affected by spring
runoff during a relatively short period of time (April to June), and
within a relatively short distance from major creeks (about 1,000 feet).
During most of the year, and over most of the study area, ambient levels
are expected to be as low as or lower than the levels indicated by the
July measurements shown in Figures 4 through 8.
To better define the low ambient levels which occur during the
middle and later portions of the exploration season, it is recommended
that additional baseline ambient measurements be carried out in areas
and during time periods which are not significantly influenced by
running water.
-------
FLAT HEAD
"L-
17
"
8
C-
UJ
S:
13 -
12
1 1 -I
10 -
9 -
8 -
-T _
6 -
4- -
3 -
2 -,
1
0 -
JAN FEB
RIVER FLOW
COLUMBIA FALLS, MT
MONTHLY
H
8
10
MAR APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC
n
1983
1982
1981
1980
x
1979
-------
F LATH EAD RIV E R FLOW
J U N E /J U LY
COLUMBIA FALLS, MT
Ij'
£
it
Z3
R
o
''••_^ .V
IJJ
~~~
D
1
u_
i i.
1 1 -
10 -
9 -
8 -
7 -
.— .
4 J'
3 -
6/
I
——»---"" \ x4'-^-^. 1
jX^* \
\_,
"X,,,-^*— -v
J-- s- X ^ H3"^Q
~''f~~^""-^— ^-"^X .. fc^"3"""^^^-^- H
~'&^—.&r- __ . * ''"^^
S— *- »
1
1
1 — r r n r r i i 1 i i i i i i i i
26 7/3 7/17 7/24-
FIGURE 10
i
i
a 1983
1982
1981
1980
x 1 979
-------
Other Influences
Variations are observed in the nighttime sound level data presented
in Figures 4 through 8 which are not obviously attributable to changes
in water runoff. At Site 3 (Figure 6), a drop of 20 dB in both average
levels (L) and statistical levels (L , L , L ) was observed over a
three-day period, and a similar rise was observed over the following
three days. Site 3 is on a mountain top and is, therefore, heavily
influenced by sounds generated from greater distances than are the other
sites. Changes in relative humidity and other meteorological factors
characteristic of a frontal system moving through the area could have
contributed to these substantial changes in ambient sound level.
Ambient Octave Band Levels
Short segments of tape recordings made in Flathead, Glacier, and
Helena were analyzed to obtain representative octave band sound pressure
levels of the ambient environment. These results are shown in Table 3
for Sites 1, 2, 7, 8, 10, and 21. These values are used in Chapter 6 to
estimate audibility of exploration activity.
•
4.2 DAYTIME SOUND LEVELS DURING EXPLORATION*
Sound levels measured at the five sites during the daytime explora-
tion activity are shown in Figures 11 through 15. The figures show that
the sound levels were highest at all sites on the second day of measure-
ment (July 20). On this date, much seismic equipment was being flown in
to begin the exploration, and the equipment was being set up. Levels
were highest at Site 2, the site nearest the drilling and blasting
activity. Here, daytime L "s exceeded 52 dB for three days in a row.
These levels represent a major change in sound environment, in spite of
the presence of water as a sound source near Site 2. In the remaining
sites, daytime L 's ranged from 32 to 44 dB indicating that the
eq
exploration activity was audible, but not always dominant.
32
-------
TABLE 3. AMBIENT OCTAVE BAND LEVELS
AMBIENT OCTAVE BAND LEVELS
July 2, 1981
SITE 1
Tim* I 10S01S-110045
filter
LMK
Linn Lnwan L. 01 L.I
LI
LS L1O LSO
L90
L99
S. D.
31.5
63
125
250
500
10OO
2000
4OOO
aooo
16OOO
All pass
A— Mvightvd
39.1
40.4
42.9
35.9
39.0
39.4
39.1
38.5
35.7
26. 1
50.2
43.9
61.0
43. 1
47.0
39.9
41.3
41.2
40.9
42.4
43.8
28.3
62.3
47.4
36.3
4O.2
42.8
33.8
39.0
39.4
39. O
38.3
35.7
26.1
49.7
43.9
29.2
35.5
38.6
33.2
36.6
37.5
37.3
37.0
34. 1
24.3
47.2
44.5
62
46
48
40
42
42
41
43
44
29
63
48
37
45
46
38
4O
40
4O
42
42
28
61
47
49
43
43
37
4O
40
39
4O
37
26
56
46
44
42
44
46
39
4O
39
39
36
26
53
46
41
41
44
36
39
39
39
39
36
26
51
46
35
4O
42
33
38
39
39
38
35
26
49
44
32
38
41
34
38
38
38
38
35
25
48
45
30
37
4O
34
37
38
38
37
34
23
47
43
3.6
1.3
1.2
0.7
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.6
0.5
0.3
1.7
O.3
AMBIENT OCTAVE BAND LEVELS
July 2, 1981
SITE 2 (FlathMd National For**t>
Tim* : 115125-120125
filter
LBIM Lnrn Lnman L. Ol L. 1
LI
LS
L10 LSO
L90
L99
S.D.
31.5
63
125
230
SOO
1000
20OO
4OOO
aooo
16OOO
All pa**
A-M*ightad
40.1
32.5
29. 1
34.1
37.7
38. 1
33.0
31.0
26.8
22.3
47.9
42. 1
60.3
50.6
39.3
4O. 2
41.0
41. O
4O. 6
38.6
37.5
29.3
65.5
46. O
35.8
30.7
28.2
33.4
37.2
37.7
34.6
30.6
26. O
22.2
43° 8
41.7
10.4
10.4
12.4
20.5
26.0
28.2
27. 1
24.1
20.5
18.0
33.5
33.5
61
'51
40
41
42
42
41
39
38
3O
66
47
58
44
37
37
4O
4O
4O
38
37
28
62
44
SO
4O
32*
36*
39
39
37
35
33
26
56
43
45
35
31
33
39
39
36
33
29
23
32
43
42
33
3O
35
38
39
36
32
27
23
50
43
33
31
29
34
38
38
35
30
25
22
45
42
31
28.
26
31
34
35
32
28
23
19
43
39
1.4
13
14
21
27
29
27
24
21
18
34
34
6.2
• 4.4
3.5
3. 1
2.7
2.5
2. 1
1.9
2.3
1.4
4. 1
2.2
AMBIENT OCTAVE BAND LEVELS
July 1, 1981
SITE 7
-------
TABLE 3 (Continued)
AMBIENT OCTAVE BAND LEVELS
July 2, 1981
SITE 8 (Glacier National Park)
Tim* i 144716-145916
filter
Leq
Lfflx Lmn Lmean L. Ol L. 1
LI
L5
L1O
L50 L90 L99 S. D.
31.3
63
125
350
500
10OO
£000
4OOO
aooo
16000
All pass
A-weighted
33.3
£8.8
£4.9
£4.8
£4.7
£0.8
16.4
18.7
15.8
6.4
36.8
£6.6
SO. O
44.4
41. 1
4£. 7
43.8
38.8
35.5
39.6
36.6
£1.6
51.5
47.7
£9.4
£6.6
£3.8
£4.3
£4. £
18.9
14.0
14.7
12.3
6.6
35.1
25.0
16:4
15.4
13.1
14.0
11.4
8.0
4.3
4.4
-4.7
4.4
£2.5
13.4
51
45
4£
43
44
39
36
4O
37
££
5£
48
44
42
35
35
37
35
33
36
34
19
48
42
41
35
31
29
£9
£7
£7
30
£7
12
43
35
38
33
£9
£7
£6
££
19
£4
19
8
41
£9
37
32
£7
£6
£5
£1
17
19
15
6
40
£7
28
£6
23
£4
24
18
13
13
11
5
34
£4
22
£1
£0
££
22
17
12
12
1O
5
31
23
19
19
18
19
19
11
5
6
5
4
28
18
6.0
4.2
2.8
1.9
1.6
£. £
3. 1
4.0
3.4
1.3
3.6
£.6
AMBIENT OCTAVE BAND LEVELS
July 1, 1981
SITE 10 (Glacier National Park)
Time j 14£2OO-143£OO
filter
Leg
LDIM
Lmn
Lmean L. 01 L. 1
LI
L5
L10
L5O L9O L99 S. D.
31.5
63
125
250
500
1000
£OOO
4000
8000
160OO
All pass
A-weighted
.45.3
39.5
32.3
29.3
30.9
31.6
27.6
25.7
£1.2
16.9
47. £
35.0
59.8
55.0
46. O
47.4
43.6
43.9
4O. 9
42.9
41.2
£5. 1
61.6
43.8
35.7
33.5
3O. 4 •
£8.3
3O. 7
31.4
£7.1
£4. 1
19.0
16.7
42.2
34.8
23.4
25.4
£4.4
£4.4
£7.4
£9.0
£5.1
21,4
17.2
15.3
36.5
32.5
6O
56
47
48
44
44
41
43
42
£6
62
44
59
54
45
45
39
40
38
41
37
£3
61
41
57
52
4,3
37
34
35
34
35
32
19
58
38
51
43
37
31
32
33
29
£8
££
18
53
36
50
4O
33
£9
31
32
28
£7
2O
18
50
36
* 31
31
£9
27
3O
31
26
23
18
16
39
34
27
£9
£7
£6
£9
30
26
£2
17
15
39
33
£5
£7
£6
£5
£8
29
£5
£1
17
15
36
33
8.9
5.2
3.O
£. 0
1. 1
1.2
1.4
2.5
£.5
1. 1
5.6
1.0
AMBIENT OCTAVE BAND LEVELS
July 16, 1981
SITE 15 (Helena National Forest)
Time s 1£5S45-125930
filter
Leq
Lmx
Lmn
31.5
63
125
250
500
100O
£000
4000
80OO
1600O
All pass
a—weighted
3O. 4
27.0
£4.6
£6.3
£5.4
£3.9
21.2
18.4
14. O
8.1
36.0
£8.9
63.3
33.2
34.5
34.9
34.5
33.2
26.5
£6.3
£1.6
10.5
42.5
36. 1
22.5
£1.1
18.4
32.3
22.2
21.4
19.3
16.4
12.4
7.4
32.5
26.5
34
-------
OJ
Ln
E 1 DAYTIME (0600-2300) LEVELS
EXPLORATION
I'D'
..'-A
i
u
Ci
_____j'
i/i'
\J '-_'
55 -
50 -
45 -
40 -
35 -
30 -
25 -
j
20 -
15 -
V
./ \
X \
X
,/"
^<^ v\""~^"^ — — — «C~^-^ ^^"'^^
--'"' \ . • " ^~~~—— n--^~" ~~ ^ --"^
NV—— ^. ^-""""""'
"^ ~~"^ — .^—'^"" __-—J
i~~~'~— "_v_ • ~-~^"~~
~~— -A • -A-.— . __^ . „__—--"""
— .*—
19 7/20 7/21 7/22 7/23 7/2+ 7/
H
a
H1
'25
KEY:
u L«q •*• L1 o L1 0 A L&O
-------
U)
a\
••f
... I
UJ
Li
Q
c: i ri:
-,. 11 i L
DAVriME-: (060O-2300) LEVELS
EXPLORATION
6U -
55 -
50 -
45 -
40 -iB".---
_
~~" "" ~~ —
y '
x n _
j ._)
20
.._-—-A-
T
7/20
7/21
r
7/22
KEY;
^a
*
723
7/24
7/25
a
L10
A L90
-------
•-i
ill
Q
LJ
ifl
Q
r>
TI;
5 DAYTIME (0600-
EXPLORATION
25OO") LEVELS
55 -
45 -
40 -
JD
30 -
25 -
20 -
.
-
•-..
F
S
u>
---:U
n-
7/19 7/20 7/21
I
il
4
KEY:
722
723
7/24
725
a Leq
L.I
LI G
A L9O
-------
oo
--J'
I'fi
DAYTIME (O60O
EXPLORATION
23 OO") LEA/E
f'LJ -
40 -i
1 5
^;j. _^ ^
H
§
7/19
7/20
n
-4- L1
L1 0
-------
SITE 5 DAYTIME (060O-
EXPLORATION
-23OO) LEVELS
r"T"'i
111
"G"
LU
.—I
..-..
''
iD
55 -
50 -
4-5 -
4-0 -
35 -
.30 -
25 -
20 -
IfT,
u -
'V
"~"".-- -• _
•——•_. — — -^> — ._ „_ cj ' [
L iLo. — —
. •
.
FIT
19 7/20 7/21 7/22 7/
KEY:
H
8
H
'23
a Leq
-i L1
LI O
A L9 O
-------
4.3 HELICOPTERS
Helicopter sound levels were measured in both Flathead and Helena
National Forests. Spectral values for helicopter flybys measured in
Helena are presented in Appendix D. The exact distances of these flybys
were not known, therefore, this data was not analyzed further, and data
measured in Flathead was used in the following analysis.
Maximum Levels
Data on helicopters at Sites 11 through 17 in Flathead were col-
lected at approximately known distances from the fllight paths. Energy
averages of the flat and A-weighted maximum flyby levels taken at these
sites are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4. MAXIMUM HELICOPTER SOUND LEVELS
Site
11
12
13
14
16
17
Slant Distance
to Helicopter, m
655
122
*
655
1,310
1,690 .
122
Number of
Measurements
17
11
10
28
11
11
11
37
LAmax' dBA
66.0
-
74.0
73.9
-
64.2
69.1
76.9
Lmax> dB
_
87.9
-
-
89.4
- .
-
—
Based on these data, the least squares fit was obtained for the
following relationship between L and distance:
where
and
L, (r)
Amax
r
ro
L
Amax o
is the receptor distance,
is the reference distance, chosen to be 305 m,
(1)
(r ) is the maximum A-weighted level at the reference
Amax o
distance, found to be 71.4 dBA.
is the spatial attenuation coefficient, found to be
8.0.
40
-------
This relationship indicates that helicopter noise decayed at the
rate of 2.4 dBA per doubling of distance during these measurements.
This low rate of decay may be due to a combination of factors, including
the directivity of helicopter sound and the valley-like location of the
measurement sites.
Octave Band Levels
In order to be able to estimate how helicopter sound levels are
attenuated over distance from the maximum levels given above, the
spectral shape of the helicopter sound was analyzed. First, for ten
flybys at Site 11, the maximum unweighted level in each octave band
which occurred during the event, L (oct), was tabulated. Then, the
max
overall maximum sound pressure level, L (the result of adding all the
max
octave band levels together), was subtracted from each of the octave
band levels. These results are shown in Table 5. Since the overall
level is higher than the octave band levels, the difference is a
negative number.
The arithmetically averaged spectral shape shown in the table
indicates that unweighted helicopter sound, levels are highest at the
lower frequencies (31.5 to 125 Hz); that is,* the difference between the
maximum octave band level and the maximum overall level is the smallest.
Correspondingly, the sound levels at the higher frequencies (1,000 to
2,000 Hz) are low. Since sound at lower frequencies is attenuated less
by the atmosphere and other factors than sound at higher frequencies,
the dominance of the low frequency helicopter sound will increase beyond
what is shown in the table at greater distances from the helicopter.
Methods for estimating this attentuation at larger distances are
provided in Chapter 6.
4.4 BLASTS
Maximum Levels
Maximum sound levels for blasts measured in Helena are listed in
Table 6 for each of the four measurement stations. Blasts were repeated
at some of the shot points, and sound level readings for these replica-
tions were found to be similar.
41
-------
TABLE 5. HELICOPTER OCTAVE BAND LEVELS
Site 11 Helicopter Overflight
Time
1:04
2:10
3:21
4:41
6:48
8:00
9:32
14:16
15:19
16:17
Arithmetic
Average
Standard
Deviation
31.5
-7.
-3.
-8.
-4.
-6.
-6.
-8.
-3.
-9.
-8,
-6.
2.
Hz
0
4
0
7
3
7
8
4
8
4
7
2
63 Hz
-8.7
-4.6
-11.7
-6.1
-11.6
-12.3
-9.0
-12.8
-10.9
-11.9
-10.0
2.8
125 Hz
-9.
-6.
-9.
-5.
-2.
-13.
-3.
-4.
-6.
-4.
-6.
3.
8
8
0
0
0
4
2
8
4
9
5
4
250 Hz
-9
-6
-11
-5
-8
-16
-5
-8
-9
-10
-9
3
.7
.4
.8
.3
.5
.0
.2
.7
.2
.5
•
•
.1
.2
500 Hz
-1.7
-7.6
-5.4
-1.3
-12.4
-14.9
-7.1
-12.8
-10.7
-5.9
-8.0
4.6
1000 Hz
-8
-12
-9
-2
-13
-17
-8
-15
-11
-10
-11
4
.0
.2
.8
.3
.1
.8
.6
.4
.9
.5
.0
.3
2000 Hz
-16.0
-25.5
-21.5
-17.5
-27.5
-31.1
-20.2
-29.6
-26.4
-23.3
-23.9
5.1
R 111
42
-------
TABLE 6. MAXIMUM BLAST SOUND LEVELS
Sound Levels at Measurement Site, dB
(Shot point of site in parentheses)
18 (1082)
Shot
Point Lmax
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073 102.9
1074 101.6
1075 104.3
1076 102.5
1077 105.4
1096 93.3
1097 92.7
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103 94.3
1096 92.8
1097 99.2
19 (1084)
Lmax
119.9
118.5
117.2
117.0
117.4
118.7
119.6
127.2
123.0
115.6
115.4
115.3
109.9
115.0
114.7
114.5
117.5
112.5
109.2
(continued)
43
20 (1086)
Lmax
—
117.3
118.8
118.5
_-
122.8
»
126.2
121.9
122.3
117.1
123.4
122.9
121.5
125.9
125.5
123.8
21 (1088)
Lmax
—
—
—
97.0
96.7
98.2
96.7
100.2
104.8
102.4
105.1
102.6
98.7
100.3
—
100.8
106.7
106.7
-------
TABLE 6 (continued)
Shot
Point
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
18 (1082)
Lmax
92.8
—
93.2
91.8
98.4
98.2
97.1
—
93,1
100.8
91.9
—
93.3
_-
—
-»••
19 (1084)
Lmax
107.5
105.8
106.8
104.5
104.5
109.8
113.5
108.4
104.8
101.2
102.4
98.0
95.3
101.8
99.7
98.4
97.8
20 (1086)
Lmax
121.51
118.5
120.6
119.7
119.2
117.7
121.5
116.4
111.3
—
110.4
*
9
106.2
101.6
107.6
106.7
106.0
__
21 (1088)
Lmax
108.7
108.6
98.7
98.7
98.7
98.7
90.3
91.5
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
--
44
-------
The overall unweighted maximum sound pressure levels ^
blasts measured at Sites 18, 19, 20, and 21 were analyzed to determine
how the sound levels varied with distance. The analysis yielded a
relationship of the following form:
L (r) - L (r ) - B log (r/r ) (2)
max > max o o
where r is the distance to the receiver
r is the reference distance, chosen to be 305 m
o
L (r ) is the maximum sound pressure level at the reference
max o
distance
and B is the spatial attenuation coefficient.
Using a least squares fit to this equation from the data in Table
6, the following results were found for each measurement site:
Site
18
19
20
21
Loca tion
1082
1084
1086
1088
Lmax(ro>- <"
102.7
127.0
134.3
111.9
i B
20.3
43.5
43.6
41.7
The difference in overall sound pressure level maxima at the
reference distance varied by more than 30 dB among the sites. These
results mean that the overall maximum sound pressure level depends on
the observation point and the intervening terrain, not just on the
distance between source and observer. The data also indicate that the
overall maximum sound pressure level fell approximately 13 dB per
doubling of distance (43 x log 2 =• 13) for Sites 19, 20, and 21, but
only 6 dB per doubling of distance for Site 18.
Tape recordings at Site 21 enabled a similar analysis to be made of
maximum A-weighted sound levels (L&ma ) at location 1088, yielding
results of the form:
LAmax (r) = LAmax (ro} ' C log (r/ro} <3>
where L, is 106.5 dBA for r = 305 m (1,000 ft),
AIDclX O
and C is 74.2 dBA.
R111
-------
These results indicate that the maximum A-weighted sound level of
blasts fell approximately 22 dBA per doubling of distance (74 x log 2 =
22) for this observation point.
Octave Band Levels
Table 7 shows the maximum octave band levels and overall levels
(noted as "all pass" in the table) for blasts measured at Site 21. To
develop information on how these maximum levels decay with distance, the
contribution of individual frequency bands to the overall level was
evaluated. For the six blasts in the table for which data was avail-
able, the difference between each octave band level and the overall
level was obtained. For instance, for the first event shown in Table 7,
Blast 1073, the difference between the lowest octave band level (31.5
Hz) and the overall (all pass) level is 87.5 - 92.8 » -5.3 dB.
These differences were then arithmetically averaged for each octave
band level and the overall level is (-5.3 - 2.3 - 0.0 - 2.0 - 3.4
- 2.4)/6 » -2.6 dB. Values of these average differences estimated in
this way for each octave band are shown below.
Octave Band, Hz 31.5 63 125 ^ 250 500 1,000
L (oct) - L , dB -2.6 -7.1 -11.9 -15.1 -15.5 -18.5
max max
Note that levels measured in the 2,000 Hz band were too low to consider
for analysis.
These octave band results may be used in conjunction with the
overall maximum sound pressure level results given in the previous
subsection to estimate maximum sound levels as a function of distance.
Note that these results are not adjusted for barrier influences or
terrain. Such adjustments are recommended if more detailed treatment of
the data is desired.
Dura tion
The "time above" results shown in Table 7 for blast sound levels at
location 1088 yield an average decay rate of 6 dBA/sec for blasts at
different distances (Figure 16). The data also suggest, but do not
establish convincingly, that the decay rate decreases as the separation
between source and receiver increases.
46
o 111
-------
TABLE 7. HELENA BLAST MEASUREMENTS
Blast Octave Band Levels and Durations
OCTAVE BAND LEVELS Blast 1O73 (Helena National Forest)
July 16, 1981 Time s 140055
filter, Hz Lmx, dB
31.5
63
125
230
300
1OOO
2OOO
all pass
A— weighted
87.5
84.3
82.7
76.5
76.9
73.9
68.2
92.3
78.8
t ime aoove
Lmx - 3 dB
(seconds)
0.9
time above
Lmx - 10 dB
1.548
O. 774
3. 198
3.000
time above
Lmx - IS dB
2.814
1.372
3.846
time above
Lmx - 2O dB
3.524
time aoove
Lmx - 25 dB
OCTAVE BAND LEVELS Blast 1O74 (Helena National Forest)
July 16, 1981 Time a 14O348
filter, Hz Lmx, dB
time above
Lmx - 3 dB
(seconds)
time above
Lmx - 1O dB
time above
Lrax - 13 dB
time above
Lmx - 2O dB
time above
Lmx - S3 dB
31.5
63
123
250
5OO
10OO
£OOO
all pass
A— weighted
90.3
85.1
78.4
76.5
74. S
72.7
66.9
92.6
76.7
OCTAVE BAND LEVELS Blast 1075 (Helena National Forest)
July 16, 1981 Time : 141214
filter, Hz Lmx, dB
time above
Lmx - 5 dB
(seconds)
time above
Lmx - 1O dB
time above
Lmx - 15 dB
time above
Lmx - £0 d3
time above
Lmx - 23 dB
31.5
63
125
250
500
10OO
2000
all pass
A— weighted
94.2
88. 8
79.0
75.7
76.4
71.9
63.3
94.2
76. 1
(continued)
47
-------
TABLE 7 (Continued)
OCTAVE BAND LEVELS Blast lO96a (Halena National Forest)
July 16, 1981 Time i 15O155
filter, Hz
31. S
S3
135
£50
5OO
100O
2000
all pass
A-weighted
filter, Ha
31. 5
63
125
£50
500
1OOO
aooo
all oass
A-weighted
filter, Hz
31.5
63
125
250
30O
100O
200O
all pass
A— weighted
Lmx, d8
101.6
93.6
98.2
96.2
96.3
95. S
aa. 7
103.6
96.6
OCTAVE BAND
Lmx, dS
93.5
3O.6
36.0
79.7
79.0
75.6
73.7
96.9
Q1.9
OCTAVE BAND
Lrax, dB
89.0
80. 8
76.0
76.2
74.8
70.9
64.2
91.4
74.9
t i me above
Lmx - 5 dB
< seconds)
0.620
LEVELS
July 16, 1981
time above
Lmx - 5 dB
(seconds)
0.322
LEVELS
July 16, 1981
time above
Lrax - 5 dB
(seconds)
0. 448
0.524
0.524
0.724
time above
Lmx — 10 aB
1.072
O. 724
0.974
1.024
Blast llOOb
Time
t i me above
Lmx - 1O dB
1.096
0.750
0.774
1.157
1.822
Blast 1105
Time
time above
Lmx - 10 dB
1.870
0.348
1. 148
1.372
time above time above
Lmx - 15 aB Lntx — 2O dB
1.822 2.448
1.322 1.646
1.598 2.620
1.620 2.346
(Helena National Forest)
: 165120
time above time above
Lmx - 15 d3 Lmx - 2O dB
•
2* 122
1.522
2.572
3.072
(Helena National Forest)
: 180130
time above time above
Lmx - 15 dB Lrnx - 20 dB
2.448
1.324
2.672
time above
Lmx - 25 dB
3.320
t ime aoove
Lmx - 25 dB
time above
Lmx - 25 dB
(continued)
48
-------
TABLE 7 (Continued)
OCTAVE BRNO LEVELS Blast 1108
-------
S,
Ll
g 1.0
hj
fc
j-p,
ill
1 00 -
DURATION OF BLAST SOUND LEVELS
HELENA NATIONAL FOREST
8D '
U-
60 -
0 -
_T_
r\.
*L
T"
D 1 073
4- 10960
1 1 00 b
H
cn
A 1 1 05
-------
4.5 OTHER SOURCES
Based on discussions with observers of exploration projects which
have taken place in the area, sound from equipment and activities other
than helicopters and blasts are apparently important only in the imme-
diate area where they are located (Strathy 1984, Kiefer 1984a). Trucks
are driven to and from the base camp providing water, fuel, explosives,
and other provisions, but the total number of visits is usually less
than one per day, and would only be noticeable by observers near the
travelled road.
The cumulative effect of a large number of concurrent seismic
projects in the Glacier Park area, including the increased number of
support jobs, additional truck travel, and related activities, may
result in noticeable increases in the overall sound levels experienced
near the Park boundary and in the many areas in the National Forests
which are heavily explored. These cumulative increases, however, were
not investigated in this study.
-------
CHAPTER 5
PROPAGATION FACTORS •
Sound propagation in the open air is influenced by a number of
mechanisms. Seven of these factors considered applicable to the Glacier
Park area are discussed below (Harris 1979, and Foch 1980). These
factors are:
1. Attenuation, A , due to geometrical divergence from the source
2. Attenuation, A., due to barriers (mountains) between source and
receiver
3. Attenuation, A , due to atmospheric a.bsorbtion
ci
4. Attenuation, A , due to the ground effect
•
5. Attenuation or enhancement, A , due to wind
6. Attenuation or enhancement, A due to temperature gradients
7. Enhancement, A , due to reverberation
In this chapter, each factor is considered with respect to propaga-
tion of the two primary sources of exploration noise: blasts and
helicopters. The factors are used in Chapter 7 to estimate the sound
level L at a receiver using the following equation:
L - LO -Ad * Ab - Aa - Ag - Aw -At + Ar (4)
where L is the sound level of the source at a reference distance.
o
This equation may be used in either of two ways. The sound level L
may be derived for each octave band, in which case the octave band
values for L and each attenuation factor must be applied consecutively
o
for each band. Then the total value of L is obtained by adding the
52
-------
octave band levels (see Appendix F). Or, in a simplified and somewhat
less accurate approach, the sound level L may be based on average
A-weighted (see Glossary) values of the attenuation factors, in which
case the equation would only be applied once with these factors.
So that the reader may follow either approach, octave band levels
and A-weighted levels are provided for LQ in Chapter 4 and, wherever
possible, for the attenuation factors below. In most cases, significant
limitations restrict the accuracy and applicability of the methods
presented for estimating each factor. These limitations are noted where
appropriate.
5.1 GEOMETRICAL DIVERGENCE
Limitations
The geometrical divergence factor described below does not take
into account the higher than normal decay rate found in Chapter 4 for
blasts, or the lower than normal rate found for helicopters. For
propagation in heavily forested areas similar to. where the measurements
were taken, a divergence factor similar to .those proposed in Chapter 4
•
(equations 1-3) should be used, which already takes into account the
atmospheric and ground effect factors described below. For propagation
over relatively flat, open areas with hard surfaces, the values
suggested in this section are probably more appropriate. Since measure-
ments were not conducted under the latter conditions, application of
these factors should be made with discretion.
Blasts
Above ground blasts are theoretically non-directional; that is, the
sound level of the blast should be equal in each direction if all other
factors are equal. With this assumption, this attenuation factor is for
propagation over a flat surface given by:
Ad = 20 log (r/rQ) (5)
where r is the distance from source to receiver
and r is the reference distance, noted in Chapter 4.
o
53
R 111
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If the blast charges are located such that a large cliff or moun-
tain is behind them, relative to the receiver, or if they are located in
a valley whose mouth opens toward the receiver, then divergence of the
blast sound would not be non-directional. In the extreme case, where
charges are set off at the head of a steep valley, propagation would be
restricted to one direction, and, therefore, the attenuation rate due to
divergence would be given by:
A - 10 log (r/r ) (6)
u O
If there is an incline of any sort behind the source which could
reflect sound toward the receiver, an intermediate value between equa-
tion (5) and (6) might be appropriate. If, on the other hand, the
elevation increases immediately in the direction of the receiver,
equation (5) should be used, and a barrier attenuation factor, A,
o
(Section 5.2), should be included.
Helicopters
The normal altitude of helicopters flying in seismic activities is
100 to 1,000 feet, although flights above and below these altitudes
commonly occur. At these average altitudes^ reflective effects of the
ground are only significant in the local vicinity of the helicopter and
not at great distances.
The fact that helicopter sound levels are greater at certain angles
than others, and the fact that sound may be impinging on the receiver
from difference altitudes and points along its path, make estimates of
the appropriate divergence attenuation rather difficult. One sugges-
tion, although untested, is to use equation (6) when the helicopter is
in sight and the receiver is on a flat hard surface, and to use equa-
tions (1) or (5) under other conditions.
5.2 BARRIERS
Attenuation of sound due to mountainous terrain is modeled below
based on standard barrier attenuation theory (Harris 1979).
54
R 111
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Limitations
Certain limitations restrict the accuracy and applicability of the
method for estimating attenuation due to mountains:
1. This procedure is based on a simplification of acoustical
propagation theory.
2. The procedure has not been calibrated against actual measure-
ments in the Glacier Park area.
3. The procedure is designed to apply to the case of a single
unbroken mountain range between source and receiver under standard
(20°C, 1 atmosphere) conditions.
4. Other meteorological conditions, such as inversions and wind
may alter these results.
5. Attenuation due to other factors, such as wind, temperature
gradients, directivity, and reverberation must be included to estimate
the overall level at the receiver.
6. For helicopters, if a mountain range is always between the
source and receiver, the lowest difference in altitude between the
•
helicopter and the mountain should be chosen (see Step 2, below). If a
mountain range is not always between source and receiver, then A. = O.
Estimating Procedure
A step-by-step process is described below for estimating attenua-
tion, by octave band levels, due to mountainous terrain.
(1) Determine the plan view (map) distance from the
source to the top point on the mountain which is
in line with the receiver =
(2) Determine the difference in height between the
source and the mountain top
(3) Find the slant distance between the source and
the mountain point: [(1)2 + (2)2]1/2
(4) Determine the map distance from the mountain
point to the receiver
R 111
-------
(5) Determine the difference in height between the
mountain point and the receiver
(6) Find the slant distance from the mountain point
to the receiver: t(4)2 + (5)2]1/2
(7) Find the slant distance from source to receiver:
(t(1) + (4)]2 + [(2) - (5)]2)1/2
(8) Find the added path difference due to the
mountain: (3) + (6) - (7)
(9) Choose an octave band frequency to analyze:
31.5, 63, 125, 250, 500, 1,000, or 2,000
(10) Find the Fresnel number for this octave band:
(8) x (9)/177*
(11) Find the approximate attenuation of this octave
band due to the mountain: 2[2 + log (10)]
(12) Return to (9) and find the attenuation for the
next octave band
*Use 564 if measurements are in feet instead of meters.
5.3 ATMOSPHERIC ABSORBTION
Typical Conditions
The closest continuous accurate weather records taken in the
Flathead National Forest/Glacier National Park area are complied by the
Polebridge Ranger Station in Glacier National Park. These records,
which are compiled primarily for use in assessing forest fire risk,
include daily observations of temperature, relative humidity, and
average wind speed and direction, all at approximately midday. Values
of temperature and humidity measured at Polebridge over the past four
years are shown in Figures 17 and 18, respectively. Temperature and
humidity measured during the noise measurement program are shown in
Figures 19 and 20. To determine typical propagation characteristics in
the area, temperature and relative humidity data from Polebridge span-
ning a period of three years were converted to atmospheric absorbtion
attenuation coefficients (see Appendix E).
56
R 111
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Ijj
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E M P E RAT U R E - J U N E/ J U L Y
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a 1978
4- 1979
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1 981
-------
HUMIDIT
JUNE/JULY
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90 -
60 -
70 -
60 -
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-------
TEMPERATURE A
AMBIENT
SITES 1-5
EXPLORATION
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Figure 21 shows these average midday atmospheric attenuation
coefficients. The figure shows that the attenuation rates are rela-
tively constant for each frequency during the time of day they were
measured. Note that these are average9 and not worst-case values.
Table 8 compares temperature and humidity values measured in the
North Fork valley at Polebridge with values measured at sound measure-
ment sites in the mountains of Flathead National Forest on the same day.
With these limited samples of measurements, no statistically strong
correlations can be developed. However, in general, the table shows
that when Flathead temperatures are higher than temperatures at Pole-
bridge, the humidity is lower than at Polebridge, and when temperatures
are lower at Flathead, the corresponding humidity is higher. This
result is typical of areas where the absolute humidity is constant, but
where the relative humidity varies inversely with temperature. If valid
throughout the summer exploration season, the atmospheric attenuation
coefficients would be approximately equal in the two areas (Harris 1979)
even though the individual meteorological factors differ. For this
reason, values shown in Figure 21 from Polebridge Ranger Station are
used to estimate atmospheric attenuation of« sound in areas surrounding
Glacier National Park.
Estimating Procedure
Based on Figure 21 and Harris 1979, the atmospheric attenuation A ,
cl
for each octave band, at a receiver distance r (where r is given in 100
meters) is approximated by:
Octave Band (Hz) 31.5 63 125 250 500 1,000 2,000
A, (dB) 0.004r 0.01r 0.04r 0.1r 0.2r 0.4r r
3. *
5.4 GROUND EFFECT
Sound is attenuated differently over soft porous ground than over a
hard paved surface. The energy reflecting and absorbing properties of
the ground and the meteorological conditions close to the ground have a
complex role in attenuating, or in some cases enhancing, the propagation
of sound, depending on the sound's frequency and the height of the
source and receiver above ground.
-------
ATM O S P H ERIC ATT E N U ATI O N C O E: F FICIE NTS
1978 - 1 980 AVERAGE
1,0 -
. •-._-•. _
"* fm~
_ /> >i
-d lr"~"~
t:
d- ~"~ H
C ii 1 -
-------
TABLE 8. COMPARISON OP TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY
AT POLEBRIDGE AND SOUND MEASUREMENTS SITES
Date
(1981)
6/26
6/29
7/2
7/19
7/23
7/25
Polebridge
Measured Ranqer Sound Measurement Site
Factor Station 1 2
Temp (°F)
Hum (%)
Temp
Hum
Temp
Hum
Temp
Hum
Temp
Hum
Temp
Hum
C1 T) "7Q
48(13> ^(13> 27('<
29(13> - I
S<»> «"°> ««<
^ O (% T £ *5
]!(13) "(10) "(11
42 89 85
66
44113'
f(13) ,«(12) "(12
48 100 100
345
•> s»« n»" i?<
: ,"«"' :
67 - 73
* 47(13) - 40(
59 60 77
73 65
63( ' 1001
1 ioo(9> : :
19)
16)
15)
11)
Note: Numbers in parentheses indicate hour of sampling.
*
Limitations
The values given below for octave band and A-weighted ground
effect attenuation should only be used in the following cases:
1. Helicopters — operating on the ground only.
2. Blasts — only when the propagation path is not broken up by
valleys or mountains, and when there are no wind or temperature inver-
sions. When there is rugged terrain to break up the sound of blasts,
use equation (2) to predict the combined attenuation due to divergence
and ground surface.
Octave Band Levels
The values given below for the excess attenuation due to ground
effect, A , are derived from measurements over flat grassland, and they
are, therefore, only approximate indicators of the attenuation due to
ground foliage experienced in the Glacier National Park area. To
R111
-------
determine A , take the attenuation value shown for the receiver distance
and subtract the value shown for the reference distance of the source
(see Chapter 4).
Source-to- Ground Effect Attenuation, dB
Receiver Octave Bands, Hz
Distance (m)
• 20
30
50
100
200
300
500
1,000
125
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7
1
250
0
0
0
0
1
2
5
15
500
1
3
5
7
7
7
6
4
1,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
4
Note: A negative number indicates sound
levels would be increased (see
equation 4). From Harris 1979.
A-Weighted Levels
At large distances, due to atmospheric absorption, propagated sound
levels are dominated by low frequency bandsfm As a result, the effect of
ground attenuation on A-weighted levels is assumed to be similar to the
effect on the unweighted sound pressure level. In studies conducted by
the Air Force Weapons Laboratory (ANSI 1983), at distances greater than
a few kilometers, the total excess attenuation was numerically evaluated
to be approximately:
a - -0.1 (7)
excess
If this excess is entirely assigned to ground effect factor, then:
A = 20 log(r/r )"°*1
g o
= 2 log(r/r )
where r is the distance to the receiver
and r is the reference distance.
64
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5.5 WIND
The effect of wind on sound propagation is independent of frequen-
cy, so a single formulation for wind attenuation, A^, is provided here
based on A-weighted levels.
Limitations
The steps shown include factors which are based on wind speeds
measured at 8 meters above ground level.
The method is not appropriate in conditions of thunderstorms or
gusty winds. Note that when the wind is blowing from the source toward
the receiver, the wind attenuation is negative; that is, a positive
value will be added to the reference sound level of equation (4).
A-Weighted Levels
Estimate the wind attenuation factor, A with the following steps
(from Foch 1980):
(1) Determine the angle in degrees between the wind
and source-to-source line* =
(2) Determine the wind speed, in miles 'per hour at
approximately 8m (25 ft) above ground
(3) Multiply: Cosine (1) x (2) x 0.53
(4) Determine the receiver distance
(5) Determine the reference distance
(6) Find the logarithm of the ratio: log[(4)/(5)]
(7) Find the wind attenuation: A = (3) x (6) x (-1)
w
*An angle of 0° indicates the wind is blowing directly from the source
to the receiver.
5.6 TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS
Measurements of combined wind and temperature gradient effects on
sound levels from blasting have shown that attenuation or enhancement
from these factors is related to the increase in the speed of sound
between the ground and the height at which the speed ceases to increase
-------
(Foch 1980), that is, the inversion height. This relationship is
independent of frequency. Note that if the wind is toward the receiver,
the attenuation value will be negative; that is, the reference sound
level is increased.
A-Weighted Levels
The attenuation due to temperature gradients, A , is found from the
following steps:
(1) Determine the angle between the wind and the
source-to-receiver line =
(2) Determine the increase in wind speed between the
ground level and the height at which the speed
ceases to increase, in miles per hour = ^^__^^^^
(3) Multiply: Cosine (1) x (2) x 0.2 -
(4) Determine the receiver distance =
(5) Determine the reference distance =
(6) Find the logarithm of the ratio: log[(4)/(5)] -•
(7) Find the temperature gradient attenuation:
At = (3) x (6) x (-1) =
5.7 REVERBERATION
The effect of reverberation in increasing sound levels observed at
a receiver depends in a complex way upon the topographical features
existing near the observer. Virtually all the blast measurements taken
in Helena National Forest included reverberant paths, as indicated by
the long durations of the sounds. Reverberation may play an even more
important role in special cases, such as when an observer is located in
a rock-lined canyon while a helicopter passes overhead, or when a blast
charge is situated in a similar location. In these cases, the reverber-
ant enhancement may be as much as 5 dB above the values expected under
more standard conditions.
Reverberation may play a role in determining the duration of
blasts. The observed decay rate of approximately 6 dBA/sec for blasts
66
R 111
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indicates that, if the maximum A-weighted level of a blast is 90 dBA
inside Glacier National Park, then it will take about 11 seconds for the
blast to decay to 25 dBA, which represents the limit of audibility for
typical ambient conditions in the Park.
-------
CHAPTER 6
ANALYSIS
6.1 PROBABILITY ANALYSIS
At any given location in the study area during the exploration
season, sound levels from project activities will vary in a continuous
fashion. In some cases these changes depend upon the activities talcing
place and the distance to the source. At times, meterological factors
and other sources affect the observed acoustical environment. One
example of how sound levels vary over a one hour period in the study
area is shown in Figure 22. This figure indicates the statistical
distribution of sound levels at two points over an arbitrarily selected
afternoon hour when ' shallow shot (Portadrill) seismic exploration
•
activities were taking place 1/2 mile away and about 4 miles away. The
figure also illustrates how sound levels were distributed over example
afternoon and evening hours at the same locations in the absence of any
exploration activity.
The quietest sound levels shown in the statistical distribution
example were for the nighttime hour, when levels rarely exceeded 30 dBA.
In the absence of significant amounts of man-made sources of noise,
daytime levels were nearly as quiet, exceeding 30 dBA less than 10
percent of the time. When exploration activity was introduced into the
area, however, noise from traffic and helicopters increased the median
(L,-n) and foreground sound levels substantially. In the example shown,
for the same afternoon hour at the same site, levels increased by 10 to
15 dBA over most of the period when the exploration activity was
introduced at a distance of 4 miles from the site. The increase is
particularly noticeable in the highest levels (L and above). This
68
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DISTRIBUTION OF MEASURED SOUND LEVELS
Hi
"C1
TV
C
Ov
L>
100
90 -
80 -]
70 -
60 H
50 -
40
-30 -
10 -
Background . . Foreground
99
Above-ground
blasts
(estimated)^**
Afternoon, 1/2 mile from
shallow shot exploration
/'
Afternoon,
shallow shot
exploration
__.—-ayr
Afternoon
ambient
Night
ambient
90
10
T
5
T
0,1
Time Above Level, %
H
8
KJ
0,01
-------
result is due to the loud, but interrupted nature of helicopters and
other intrusive activities.
At measurement sites closer to a seismic exploration project, the
background levels (Lg0, Lgg) also experience significant increases (20
dBA) at 1/2 mile. At this short distance, road traffic, seismic
drilling and helicopter flights all contribute to the sound level
distribution. With median sound levels above 55 dB, the site condition
becomes typical of a urban or suburban environment. Maximum levels
reach 70 to 80 dB for short periods of time, and rarely drop below 40
dB.
It is important to note that if above-ground blasting were used,
instead of the shallow shot activities illustrated in the figure, it is
estimated that the maximum levels could rise above 95 dB and beyond, at
the 1/2 mile distance. With the above-ground method, the increase in
background levels is likely to be similar to that shown in the figure,
since similar traffic and helicopter activities would be taking place.
The different sound level distributions shown in the figure demon-
strate .one example of the broad effect which large scale man made
•
activities have on the ambient sound environment in the Glacier National
Park area. In particular, the ease with which a sound generating
activity quickly protrudes above the very low existing ambient levels is
apparent. To be effective, methods of reducing audibility of such
intrusions must provide for control over both the frequent as well as
the infrequent incidents of sound generation.
Although the overall ambient sound level may exceed the sound level
generated by a particular exploration activity, the activity may still
be audible (see discussion on audibility in Appendix F). The sound from
helicopters and blasts, after propagating over long distances, may have
levels at the low frequencies which exceed ambient levels in the same
octave bands, even if the total overall level is lower than the ambient.
Such a sound would be audible. The corresponding effect on people or
animals is not evaluated here; however, it may be safely assumed that
sounds which do not contain octave band levels which exceed correspond-
ing levels in the ambient, have no significant impact.
R111
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6.2 EXAMPLE APPLICATION OF SOUND LEVEL ESTIMATE PROCEDURE
In Chapter 5f a procedure was outlined which was designed to
provide a preliminary estimate of the sound levels resulting from
helicopter flights and blasts which occur during oil and gas exploration
activities. This procedure attempts to account for the major meteoro-
logical factors influencing sound propagation in the study area, the
typical sound emission characteristics of the exploration activities,
and the conditions of the ambient environment.
An example application of this preliminary algorithm is provided in
this section. In the example, each aspect of the prediction method is
exercised to illustrate how the various factors are applied. Not all
possible applications are illustrated, nor are all potential incon-
sistencies and pitfalls illuminated. Nonetheless, the example is a
first step at providing a tool for . use in assessing potential sound
impacts of proposed seismic projects before they occur.
Example
In this example, a seismic line is proposed near the Flathead River
as shown in Figure 23. It is desired to estimate sound levels of
•
blasting at Receptor Point 1 and helicopters at Receptor Point 2 inside
Glacier National Park. Receptor 1 is 5.0 miles to the northeast of the
exploration activity and in line of sight with the sources. Receptor 2
is 6.5 miles away and is hidden behind a promontory located one mile in
front of it. The seismic blasts are situated at an elevation of 3,850
feet, Receptor 1 is at 4,500 feet, Receptor 2 is at 4,750 feet, and the
elevation of the intervening mountain ridge is 4,900 feet.
For the blast calculation, assume that typical weather conditions
prevail: wind is from the southwest at 4 mph, and the estimate is made
at midday. For the helicopter calculation, assume that the activity
takes place in the morning, during temperature inversion conditions,
with the same wind speed.
From Chapter 5, the maximum sound level at a receptor distance, r
can be modeled from the simplified formulation:
L (r) - L (r ) - A, - A - A - A^. - A (oct) - A. (oct) (8)
max max o dgwta b v '
71
-------
EXAMPLE EXPLORATION
PROJECT SOUND
PROPAGATION ESTIMATE
RECEPTOR POINTS
-------
Receptor 1
Since there are no barriers between the source and receiver, only
the atmospheric attenuation factor, A , will require octave band
d
analysis.
For blasts, the propagation will occur in the absence of diffusion
by forests or rugged terrain. For this case, it is assumed that the
duration of the blasts will be short, on the order of 1/10 of the
duration found in forested areas, or about 1 second. Correspondingly
the L should be about 10 dB higher in the open field as it propagates
without obstruction. For this reason, from Chapter 4, a value of 10 dB
is added to the Lmax of 111.9, giving Lr@f (1,000 ft) = 121.9 dB.
From Chapter 5, the values of A, and A are given by:
d g
Ad - 20 log (r/ro, - 20 log (5 *) (9)
- 28.4 dB
A = 2 log (r/r ) » 2.8 dB (10)
With a wind speed of 4 mph: .
«
A. - 20 (-0.0265 x 4) log (r/r ) - -3.0 (11)
w O
So far,
L = L -A^-A -A
ref d g w
- 121.9 - 28.4 - 2.8 + 3.0 - 93.7 dB (12)
Now, from Chapter 4,
Octave Band, Hz 31.5 63 125 250 500 1,000
L ( J, dB 90.5 86.6 81.8 78.6 73.2 75.2
max oct
From Chapter 5,
A (oct), dB -0.3 -0.8 -3.1 -7.7 -15.5 -31.0
cl
L (oct) 90.2 85.8 78.7 70.9 62.7 44.2
max
From Appendix F:
A-weighting, dB -39 -26.2 -16.1 -3.6 -3.2 0
73
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After subtracting the A-weighting factors, we have
LAmax(oct), dB 51.2 59.6 62.6 62.3 59.5 44.2
The sum of the octave bands is (see Appendix P for the summation
procedure ) :
L
Amax '
Therefore, the maximum sound level at Receptor 1 from blasting
under normal weather conditions is estimated to be 67 dBA.. This sound
level is more than 40 dBA higher than the typical ambient sound level
would inside Glacier National Park. The 40 dBA difference corresponds
to a 16-fold increase in perceived loudness of the sound over the
background. This increase would be easily noticed. The fact that this
blast would propagate over unf crested and relatively smooth terrain
suggests that the duration of this sound above the ambient would be only
a few seconds, rather than the 8 to 14 seconds expected from blasts
propagating over rugged terrian. However, an instantaneous 40 dB change
in sound level, 5 miles inside the Park, is certain to cause a startling
response of some kind to both humans and other species with similar
hearing characteristics. ^
*
This example corroborates reports by many users of the Park, that
blasts in the Flathead are audible up to and including locations along
the Continental Divide, in the middle of the Park. If effects of
inversions were taken into account, the sound levels and estimated
impacts would be even greater.
Receptor 2
From Chapter 4, the reference A-weighted sound level for helicop-
ters at a reference distance of 300m is 70.0 dB. The spectrum given for
helicopters indicates that the unweighted reference level is 7.0 dB
higher, or:
L _ = 77.0 dB (14)
ref
The divergence attenuation rate for helicopters is approximately:
A^ = 7.5 log (r/r ) - 11.5 dB (15)
d o
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The ground and wind attenuation factors are the same as above:
A - 2 log (r/r ) =» 3.1 dB M6)
g o
A - 20 (-0.0265 x 4) log (r/rQ) = -3.3 dB U7)
The temperature gradient is assumed to be 16.6°C (Holzworth 1979).
The relationship between the change in temperature dt and change in wind
speed du is approximated by:
, dt 344 m/s 3600 s/hr ,, .
«K X7609m/mi= 1'31 dt
The temperature gradient attenuation factor is therefore from
Chapter 5s
At - 0.2 x 1.31 x 16.6 x log (r/rQ) - 6.7 dB (19)
As a subtotal, we have
L - 77 - 11.5 - 3.1 + 3.3 + 6.7 - 72.4 dB
This level is now divided into its component octave band levels,
based on Chapter 4:
Octave Band, Hz 31.5 63 125 250 500 1,000
»
Lmax (oct)' ^ 65'7 62*4 65*9 63^3 64t4 61'4
From Section 5.3, the atmospheric attenuation at 10,460 n - 300 m =
10,160 m is:
A (oct) -0.4 -1.0 -4.1 -10.2 -20.3 -40.6
31
Lmax (oct) 6503 61"4 61°8 52°1 44'1 20'8
The barrier attenuation factor is now determined as follows:
( 1 ) Distance from source to ridge = 9265 m
(2) Height of ridge above source: (4900 - 3850) x 0.3048 = 320 m
(3) Slant distance from source: [(9254)2 + (320)2]1/2 - 9260 m
(4) Distance from ridge to receiver - 1207 m
(5) Height of ridge above receiver: (4900 - 4750 x 0.3048 - 46 m
(6) Slant distance to receiver: [(1207) + (46) ] = 1208 m
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(7) Slant distance from source to receiver:
[(9254 + 1207)2 + (320 - 46)2]1/2 - 10465 m
(8) Path difference due to ridge: 9260 + 1208 - 10465 = 3 m
(9) Choose octave bands:
Octave band, Hz 31.5 63 125 250 500 1000
(10) Fresnel number
3 x (9)/177 - 0.5 1.1 2.1 4.2 8.5 16.9
(11) Attenuation of each band
2[2 + log (10)]2 - 5.8 8.3 10.8 13.8 17.2 20.8
Then,
Lmax (oct) 59>5 53>1 5KO 38'3 26>9
A-weighting -39 -26.2 -16.1 -8.6 -3.2
L- (oct) 20.5 26.9 34.9 29.7 23.7
Amax
and L, = 36.9 dBA. (20)
Amax
In this case, the barrier shielded Receptor 2 from the sound of the
helicopter, providing a substantial (about 12 dBA) reduction in sound
level. In spite of this shielding, however, the resultant sound level
*
remains about 10 to 15 dBA above the bac&ground sound level. This
increase corresponds to a doubling or more of the perceived loudness of
the environment to someone in the Park. The helicopter would be clearly
audible for many minutes during its flight along the seismic line.
If the inversion layer were not in effect, the sound level would be
reduced to 30.2 dBA, which is much closer to the levels commonly exper-
ienced under ambient daytime conditons. If the observer moved closer to
the shelter of the mountian, the barrier would have a greater effect,
reducing the intrusive sound even lower. The wind direction is almost
always from the southwest, but if there were no wind, then the sound
level would be about 3 dB lower, rendering the sound nearly inaudible if
all these factors worked together.
On the other hand, with typical morning inversions and in the open
country, helicopter activity along the border of Glacier National Park
should be audible many miles inside the Park, according to this model.
This result indicates that under normal conditions this sound source,
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although producing less dramatic maximum levels than blasts, can still
intrude into the ambient sound environment of the Park, many miles
inside the border, and maintain the intrusion for even longer periods of
time.
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CHAPTER 7
AFFECTED POPULATIONS
The sound produced by oil and gas exploration activity has the
potential to affect humans as well as wildlife in the Flathead/Glacier
area. This report will not attempt to define these effects in detail
since other studies contain considerable authoritative information on
these topics (Schallenberger and Jonkel 1979, Craighead 1979, Aune 1984,
and others). Rather, general descriptions are provided which describe
recreational use, grizzly bear activity, and the presence of other
species which may be sensitive to sound from seisnic exploration
projects.
7-1 RECREATIONAL USES
•
One of the valuable resources of Glacier National Park, like many
National Parks, is the natural sound environment, which is characterized
by quietude, solitude and the absence of man-made noise. Ambient sound
levels monitored by the USEPA Region VIII Noise Program in both Grand
Teton and Bryce Canyon National Parks were as low as the background
levels found in recording studios. Similar results were found in
Glacier. As the pervasiveness and loudness of everyday noise increase
in our society, the importance of places where people can seek refuge
from these day-to-day noises also increases. The growing numbers of
visitors to our National Parks and wilderness areas are indicative of
this societal need for quiet and solitude. At Glacier, visitation has
increased substantially over the last five years, from 1,446,236
visitors in 1979 to 2,204,131 visitors in 1983. These recreationists
engage in activities such as camping, hiking, backpacking, picnicking,
wildlife observation, nature study, ski touring and fishing. As a unit
of the International Biosphere Reserve System established by the United
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Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the
Park is also a special resource for researchers, both present and
future.
Primarily a seasonal recreational area, Glacier receives its
heaviest use from June through September. These are the same months
during which seismic activity occurs. Noise from seismic explosions is
audible throughout the Park (Haradan 1934). This intrusion alters the
recreational experience and is considered intolerable by some.
The Flathead National Forest offers a spectrum of recreational
opportunities and areas which include some year-round activities. A few
of the main recreational sites are illustrated in Figure 24. Heaviest
use patterns occur from June through September, with the majority of use
coming between July 4 and Labor Day. In addition, the general big game
hunting season brings an increase in use in October and November. The
North Fork River, designated as Wild & Scenic, receives heavy use with
the majority of use confined largely to the recreational segment from
Camas Bridge, south.
Numerous dispersed camping areas, such as Red Meadow Lake, Moose
Lake and Upper Stillwater Lake, are accessible by roads and receive
light use. The Whitefish Divide, designated trail from Canyon Creek to
Werner Lookout, is a ridgeline trail that separates the North Fork
drainage from the Flathead Valley. Current use along the Whitefish
Divide is low.
Big Mountain ski area, a major developed recreation site, located
along the Whitefish Divide receives a fair amount of summer use. The
average operational season runs from June 18 to September 6. This use
includes riding the chairlift to the top of the mountain and hiking down
on trail or riding the chairlift back down. The chairlift also provides
access to the Whitefish Divide trail.
7.2 GRIZZLY BEAR ACTIVITY
The description below of various aspects of grizzly bear activity
is taken primarily from one reference (Aune 1984). Other observations
have been reported by many authors, and no attempt has been made to
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FIGURE 24
'»J«\ 1 -' " Jw '
gj"*\i^:. /^-
TT^S ihOSnorh.! T i .
f -IX ' Vs
SUPPER STILLWATER LAKE
X- YTS/^VN
^..W/ ''- "
MOUNTAIN w_
RESORT
V* _-_
80
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evaluate alternative points of view or to summarize the literature on
the subject. Rather, the observations are presented for simple intro-
ductory informational purposes only-
Habitat
The area under study provides a habitat that is very important to
the grizzly bear, including the Apgar Mountains and various areas in
Glacier National Park (USFWS 1982). Figure 25 shows actual sitings of
grizzly bears in the Flathead National Forest and expected areas of use
based on habitat requirements. Similar data exists for Glacier National
Park. This information was obtained from a seismic investigation from
Coal Creek north to Thema, in the Flathead National Forest and is not
all inclusive (Aune 1984).
Movement
The elevational movement of individual bears varies a great deal,
but in general, bears are found at lower elevations during the spring
(April to June) and at middle to high elevations in the summer. During
October and November, elevations at which bears are located increases as
bears move to subalpine and alpine areas.
*
Seismic activity involves moving over a predetermined geographical
line and, therefore, encompasses all elevational levels.
Food
In total, grizzly bears use many different habitat types, depending
on the season. Important grizzly foods during the spring come from
three major groups including graminoids, forbs and mammals.
In the fall, bears feed almost continuously, and therefore need
protection from disturbances which would restrict their activity to
nighttime hours (USFWS 1982). Major taxonomic groups from which griz-
zlies feed include shrubs (for berries), trees (for pine nuts), and
mammals. A sharp decline in the importance of graminoids and forbs is
prominent during the fall.
During the summer, grizzlies show greater diversity in their food
habits than in any other season, and rely heavily on foods from five
-------
GRIZZLY BEAR SITINGS
AND EXPECTED AREAS
OF USE
EXPECTED AREAS OF USE
SITINGS
-------
major taxonomic groups including shrubs (for berries) graminoids, forbs,
mammals and insects.
Denning
Grizzly bears enter their dens from early November to early
"December. Movement to den sites occurs from early October to late
November. Grizzly bears emerge from their dens from early March to the
middle of May. Reported den sites in the South Fork of the Flathead
River are on the southwestern to southeastern exposures on steep slopes
from 29 to 41 degrees and in the elevational range from 5,800 to 6,670
feet.
Impacts of Seismic Activities
It has been determined that grizzly bears are displaced from areas
around individual drill sites on seismic exploration projects (Aune
1984).
The impacts of seismic activity on bears was surveyed in the Lewis
and Clark National Forest for approximately two months in the late
summer and fall of 1983 (Aune 1984). There were six radio collared
female grizzly bears in this project area during the exploration. The
older bears spent the most time nearest to such activity while the
youngest bears spent the least time near to such activity. The author
concluded that older adult bears may have more experience with human
activities and are most habituated to such. Their responses to activ-
ities were thought to be more refined allowing them to exploit habitat
with higher human activity levels without reducing survival.
Three major case studies were also conducted in the Lewis and Clark
National Forest during the 1983 season (Aune 1984). In the first study
two radio collared bears were monitored for two hours during a midday
period while seismic activities were being conducted on a line about 6.4
kilometers (4.0 miles) distance. A helicopter landing zone was about
1.6 kilometers (1 mile) from the bears' radio location. The author
reported that the 'bears who were monitored showed no response to seismic
activities conducted 6.4 kilometers from their location, nor did they
respond to helicopter activity near a landing zone at 1.6 kilometers
from their location. However, they did respond to vehicle noise at 200
R 111 83
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meters from their location and to a fixed wing fly-over at 50 me tars
altitude.
In the second case study, a bear was exposed to a low level heli-
copter flight by a day bed. The bear's response was recorded and
evening movements recorded. The author reported that the bear acknowl-
edged helicopter flights at .2 kilometer distance associated with
seismic exploration. That evening the bear chose to leave the area
traveling in a direction away from the daytime activities of seismic
exploration.
In the third and most comprehensive case, two bears were monitored
for two days prior to a seismic line survey into a key shrubfiald-burn
area, one and one-half days during the exploration process, and for one
day following the survey. Both grizzly bears were reported to respond
to helicopter activity within .8 kilometer of their location and were
awakened from inactive status. Both bears moved from their location
when the exploration took place. At least three grizzlies and six black
bears were present in the canyon before exploration. After the explora-
tion process, which came half way up the drainage, only one grizzly and
two black bears were present in the canyon. .Neither grizzlies nor black
bears moved back into the area near the seismic project for three days
after completion of the line.
In a separate study, Kendall found that 32 percent of grizzlies
reacted to helicopter flights at 100 to 1,000 feet altitude (Haraden
1984).
Bears also react to noise from seismic blasts, but their response
is not as well documented as reaction to noise from aircraft. In one
case, a National Geographic camera crew, filming a mother and her two
cubs feeding on huckleberries near the boundary of the Park, saw them
quit feeding and run for cover about 1/2 mile away when a blast occurred
about 2 miles from their feeding site on the Flathead side of the river
(Lange 1984).
In a study performed in Alaska, responses of denning grizzly bears
to noise associated with winter seismic surveys and small fixed-wing
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aircraft were studied on the North Slope during 1978 to 1981 (Reynolds
1981). Responses of bears to potential disturbances were measured from
changes in signal amplitude and temperature of external radio collars on
two grizzly bears in dens within 0.8 kilometer of seismic lines. In
addition, heart rates were monitored from implanted transmitters in two
grizzly bears; one was subjected to seismic related disturbance, the
other was not. Changes in heart rates, radio collar temperatures, and
signal amplitude for denning grizzlies which occurred when seismic
vehicles were operating near dens suggest that bears may respond to
noises associated with these activities.
Mid-winter overflights of dens in small fixed-wing aircraft did not
cause a change in the heart rate of two female grizzlies with young
cubs. Since bears in this study were repeatedly located by aircraft
during 1977 to 1981, there were more habituated to overflights than
bears never exposed to this type of disturbance. However, just prior to
and after emergence, the bears appeared to be very sensitive to noise
disturbance from small aircraft. It was re comae tided that aircraft
overflights be prohibited below 300 meters (1,000 feet) over known dens
between 1 May and 15 May. Low level flights in early summer did cause
•
some increase in heart rates, although no behavioral changes were noted.
A prohibition of aircraft flying low (<150 meters) over bears was also
recommended (Reynolds 1981).
Summary of Findings by Aune (Aune 1984)
Preliminary evidence suggests that some bears may be at least
temporarily displaced from key feeding areas by seismic exploration, and
bears' activity patterns are affected by seismic activities near their
location. Individual bears may vary in their tolerance to seismic-
associated activity.
7.3 OTHER WILDLIFE
The study area provides some of the most productive and diverse
wildlife habitat in the nation as discussed below (ARCO 1982). The area
is home for a number of threatened or endangered species, including the
Bald Eagle, Peregrine Falcon, and Grey Wolf. The major effects of the
85
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oil and gas seismic prospecting operation on these species and others,
as well as bears, are:
a. Placement in a stress situation or adding additional stress
because of other ongoing or existing activities, such as timber
sales or forcing movement of one animal into the home range of
another.
b. Temporary displacement of a listed species from feeding,
resting, denning or nesting areas. Permanent displacement from
or abandonment of denning or nesting sites is possible in
relation to the intensity duration and timing of the distur-
bance occurring during critical periods in the life cycle pf
the species.
c. Habituation and confrontation between species and human en-
tities, which could result in the removal of the individual
from the population.
Some occupied bald eagle nests in Flathead and Glacier National
Park have failed to produce young in recent years (Haraden 1984).
Seismic activity may be one of a number of possible causes.
•
Other species found in the area which may be sensitive to explora-
tion activities include: moose, elk, mule deer, whitetailed deer, black
bear, mountain caribou and cougar.
In a study on the effects of seismic exploration on summering elk
in northcentral Montana it was found that elk movements began to follow
a pattern of avoidance to helicopters and explosives (Olson 1981).
Movement for threatened species may be more difficult due to their more
restrictive habitat requirements (Martinka 1985). Summering elk in the
area studied apparently have a great affinity for certain habitat types
and locations, as is indicated by their willingness to relocate in such
areas after seismic work was finished. The data suggests that a few
days of activity is tolerated but when that time limit is exceeded elk
begin a series of movements to avoid the disturbance.
The quality of forage for wintering elk is directly related to
successful reproduction. Energy expenditures during winter months are
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critical to elk and any additional disturbances result in an energy
deficit, both to the cow and her fetus. In severe cases herd produc-
tivity suffers with total population levels falling within a few years.
It has been recommended (Aune 1934) that no seismic exploration be
allowed on winter foraging areas or adjacent thermal cover from
November 1 to May 1. These dates provide flexibility for elk to deal
with hunters, winter conditions, and early calving periods. Disturbance
of known calving grounds and spring migration zones should be prevented
from May 1 to June 30. This would ensure that calving elk and those
migrating with calves will be able to establish on summer ranges before
seismic activity begins.
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CHAPTER 8
CONCLUSIONS
8.1 SUMMARY OF RESULTS
Some of the main findings of this study are summarized below. The
list does not include all of the results which have been presented nor
does it include many conclusions of an absolute nature. It does note
some of the more novel findings, and thereby hopefully provides an
impetus for improving the assessment of sound levels from seismic
explora tion.
General Findings
1. For at least the last five years (1980-1984), a large number of
seismic exploration projects (about 15 to 257. have taken place each year
over a five-month summer period near the borders of Glacier National
Park.
2. Sound levels from seismic exploration activities are audible
inside Glacier National Park during the five-month period.
3. Intrusive sound levels from above ground blasts may project 40
dBA or more above the Park's low background levels of 20 to 25 dBA at a
distance of five miles inside the Park boundary. Due to the logarithmic
nature of decibels, blast levels are thus sixteen or more times louder
tha ambient sounds in the park. This estimate does not include the
additional enhancement which often results during morning hours due to
inversion conditions. Lower levels would be experienced toward the
center of the Park, and some blasts are heard even in the most interior
portions of the mountains.
88
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4. Sound levels from helicopters are an additional source of
intrusive sound from exploration projects which can propagate over five
miles into the Park before becoming inaudible.
5. Grizzly bears and other wildlife in the Park and in neighboring
forests have been observed to react negatively — either by heading for
cover or fleeing — to sounds from seismic exploration activities. The
response of humans using the Park and neighboring recreational areas to
these sounds is not well documented, but is known to be occasionally
nega tive *
6. Seismic blasts using the above ground method would have to be
prohibited many miles from the Park boundary for there to be no impact
on users and wildlife in the Park. Helicopters could be allowed to
operate closer than blasts, and below ground blasting and ground vibra-
tion methods could be used even nearer to the Park, without increasing
sound levels inside the Park. Additional study would be required to
determine appropriate locations for these restrictive boundaries.
Measurement Program
7. Tape recordings of sound measurements collected in the summer
•
•
of 1981 and stored until the summer of 1984 were verified to be accurate
within an average of less than 1 dB when analyses conducted with the
tapes in 1981 were repeated in 1984.
8. The collected data contained a great deal of information on
ambient, blast, helicopter, and overall seismic activity sound levels in
the Flathead, Glacier, and Helena areas.
9. Measurement sites near running streams were dominated by sound
from running water during periods of high water runoff (April to June).
Blasts
10. The sudden onset of the blast sound was startling to observers,
as was the extremely long duration of the sound (8 to 14 seconds) as it
reverberated before becoming inaudible.
11. Reverberation is a conspicuous feature of blast sound levels in
the mountainous, forested areas where measurements were taken.
R 111 89
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12. It was found in the technical analysis of the data that the
decay rate of blast sound levels over distance was dependent upon the
location of observers, who were shielded by terrain in varying ways from
the blasts.
13. The absolute maximum sound levels measured for the blasts also
depended upon the shielding of the observer.
14. The temporal rate of decay of the maximum blast sound level
over time was found to be very slow (about 6 dBA/sec) and independent of
the distance and terrain between the blast and the observer. It appears
that this slow decay rate may be due to the rugged and heavily forested
terrain which act to diffuse and delay the sound as it travels outward
from the blast.
15. Conversely, the rate of decay of maximum blast sound levels
over distance was found to be somewhat greater than expected (about 6 to
13 dB per doubling of distance). This high rate of decay may, again, be
due to the action of irregularities in the surface over which the
measured blasts propagated although atmospheric absorption must also
play a role.
• .
•
16. Measurements made under different meteorological, terrain, or
source/receiver locations, may yield different results than those
presented in this report. These findings should therefore be used with
caution.
Helicopters
17. Where an underground blasting or ground vibration method is
used in seismic exploration, helicopters are likely to be dominant
sources of sound.
18. The rate of decay of maximum helicopter sound levels over
distance was found to be lower than expected — about 2 to 3 dBA per
doubling of distance. This result is due to unknown factors, which may
include directivity and operating mode of the sound source, location of
the observers relative to surrounding terrain, or meteorological
factors.
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19. When the observer is in a valley and a helicopter passes
overhead, audibilty is generally limited to the one to two minutes the
helicopter is within line of sight, due to the barrier effect of the
intervening mountains.
8.2 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE STUDIES
Based on the limited results obtained in this study, recommenda-
tions for future work are listed below in the areas of measurements,
analysis, and impact assessment.
Measurements
1. More accurate estimates of how sound levels propagate in the
Park area should be developed using atmospheric testing equipment such
as radio and laser ranging devices to better define the propagation
medium. The decay of helicopter sound levels in the study area should
be tested under controlled flight conditions. The decay of blast sound
levels should be tested at a number of observation points which differ
in terms of shielding from the blasts by terrain.
2. Additional sound level measurements should be made to document
»
•
the effect of various seismic activities, meteorological conditions and
receptor locations. Conditions measured should include inversions,
early morning hours, different types of helicopters, locations deep
inside Glacier Park, and other situations of interest for validating
sound propagation predictions. Measurement of oil and gas field
production activities is also of interest.
3. Additional ambient sound measurements should be made at sites
which are not located near running streams, and during periods which are
not charactized by high runoff (April to June), in order to further
document the low ambient sound level conditions experienced during most
of the year in the study area.
Analysis
4. The data in this report and additional collected data should be
analyzed to provide a basis for predicting audibility contours. Such
analysis should interpret the octave band results (particularly for
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blasting) in terms of known terrain and meteorological conditons. The
ability to predict sound levels and audibility (see Appendix F) in
different situations would be of great value assessing the potential
impact of proposed seismic exploration projects.
5. The prediction method outlined in the report should be
improved, verified, and prepared for use in project planning and
valuation. Specifically a step-by-step procedure should be developed
which can be used with a hand-held calculator to provide an order-of-
magnitude estimate of sound levels from proposed helicopter and blast
activities. This procedure would be used as a screening tool prior to
the environmental assessment stage of a proposed project. Secondly, a
more detailed mode should be developed for use with a personal computer
which would allow a greater quantity of sound level, meteorological, and
terrain data to be used as input, and would provide results of greater
accuracy for use in estimating distances of audibility and developing
appropriate impact mitigation measures.
Impact Assessment
6. The reaction of recreational users of the Park and neighboring
•
areas, as well as residents and other visitors, should be carefully
sampled to determine the psychological responses and behavioral
reactions which intrusions of blasts and helicopters may produce.
7. The reaction of bears to helicopters appears to be documented
in the literature; however, the reaction of bears to blasts is not as
well documented. Studies which include field observation of how bears
react to blast noise from exploration projects are warranted.
8. The reaction of other threatened or endangered species to
blasts and helicopters should be observed and documented. Sufficient
activity probably exists during the exploration season for these
behavior patterns to be properly identified.
9. Collection of existing and proposed seismic projects, loca-
tions, and methods by a single agency or group is needed to provide
better documentaton of the extent of sound impacts on the Park. The
collection effort must include activities taking place in Canada.
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CHAPTER 9
REFERENCES
ANSI, 1983. Estimating Air Blast Chareteristics for Single Point
Explosions in Air, with a Guide to Evaluation of Atmospheric
Propagation and Effects. American National Standard ANSI 32=20-1983
(ASA 20-1983), published by the American Institute of Physics for the
Acoustical Society of America, New York, New York, 1 March 1983.
ARCO, 1982. Arco Mill-Hi Above Ground Shot Seismic Exploration
Environmental Assessment. May 1982.
Aune, Keith, 1984. Rocky Mountain Front Grizzly Bear Monitoring and
Investigation. March 1984.
Burke, Richard E., 1984. Letter to Leland Ground, Oil and Gas Tax
Commission, Blackfeet Indian Reservation, October 15, 1984«
Craighead, Frank and John, 1979. Track of tie Grizzly. Sierra Club
Books, San Francisco.
Escano, Ronald, 1981. AMOCO/Mountain Geophysical Portable Seismic
Investigation from Coal Creek north to Thoma, Flathead National
Forest.
Foch, James D., Jr., and Geoff S. Oliver, 1980. Technical Report on
Sound Levels in Bryce Canyon National Park and the Noise Impact of
Proposed Alton Coal Mine, Noise Technical Assistance Center, Boulder,
Colorado, for the 0. S. Environmental Protection Agency, October 1980.
Giesey, Ted L., November 19, 1984. Deputy Area Manager, Northwestern
Land Office Department of State Lands, State of Montana. Letter to
Penny Sisson, Engineering-Science dated November 19, 1984.
Glacier National Park, 1980. Daily Fire Weather Observations, NFDR
AFFIRMS, Polebridge Ranger Station, June 1978 - August 1980.
Haraden, Robert C., 1984. Superintendent, Glacier National Park, letter
to D. Groh, USEPA, 11 December 1984.
Harris, C.M., 1979. Handbook of Noise Control. Wiley and Sons, New
York.
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Holzworth, G. C., 1979. Climatological Summaries of the Lower Few
Kilometers of Rawinsonde Observations (with Richard W. Fisher)
EPA-600/4-79-026, Meteorology and Assessment Division. Environmental
Sciences Research Lab, EPA. May 1979.
Johns, W. M., 1968. Oil and Gas Prospect, Northeast Whitefish Range,
Flathead County, Montana, 5 April 1968.
Johnson, D.L., 1984. Manager Field Operations, Ministry of Energy,
Mines and Petroleum Resources. British Columbia, Canada. Letter to
Engineering-Science dated 29 October 1984.
Kiefer, Gary, 1984a. Minerals Administration Flatland National Forest,
Communication with D. Groh, US EPA, 10 October 1984.
Kiefer, Gary, 1984b. Minerals Administration Flatland National Forest,
Communications with Jon Sims, Engineering-Science, November and
December 1984.
Lange, Dave, 1984. Glacier National Park Resource Ranger, Communication
with Richard Burke, Engineering-Science, 14 December, 1984.
Martinka, Clifford, 1985. Glacier National Park, Supervisory Research
Biologist, Communication with Dianne Groh, 2 January 1985.
Olson, Gary, 1981. Effects of Seismic Exploration on Summering Elk in
the Two Medicine-Badger Creek Area, Northcentral Montana. Montana
Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks. December 1981.
•
Reynolds, Patricia, 1981. Effects of Seismic Surveys on Denning Grizzly
Bears in Northern Alaska, submitted by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, Arctic National Wildlife Refuge.
Schallenberger, A., and C. Jonkel, 1979. Rocky Mountain East Front
Grizzly Studies, 978, Annual Report. Border Grizzly Project. School
of Forestry, University of Montana, Missoula.
Selcho, Herman, 1984. Mineral Resources, Lease Continuation, Alberta,
Canada. Personal communication, 30 October 1984.
Strathy, Robin, 1984. District Ranger, Lewis and Clarke National
Forest, Communication with Richard Burke, Engineering-Science, 13
December, 1984.
Swanger, Lloyd, 1984. District Ranger, Lewis and Clark National Forest.
Personal communication, 12 October 1984.
US Fish and Wildlife Service, 1982. Grizzly Bear Recovery Plan, with
the Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks, 29 January 1982.
US Forest Service, 1980. Environmental Assessment, Prospecting Permit
Application, Consolidated Georex Geophysics. April 1980.
94
R 111
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US Forest Service, 1985. Helena National Forest, Land and Resource
Management Plan, Draft Environmental Impact Statement. January 1985.
US Geological Survey, 1968. Mineral and Water Resources of Montana.
May 1968.
US Geological Survey, 1984. Water - Discharge Records, British Columbia
and Columbia Falls, Montana. 1979-1983.
US National Park Service, 1983. Natural Resource Management Plan and
Environmental Assessment, Glacier National Park. 5 May 1983.
US National Park Service, no date. Oil, Gas, and Mining Activities in
the Valley of the North Fork of Flathead River, Rocky Mountain Region,
Division of Mining and Minerals.
R 111
95
-------
APPENDIX A
EXPLORATION ACTIVITY
A.1 EXPLORATION PROJECTS NEAR GLACIER NATIONAL PARK
As shown in Figure A.1, oil and gas exploration projects have been
undertaken or proposed on virtually all lands adjacent to Glacier
National Park, including Plathead National Forest, Lewis and Clark
National Forest, Coal Creek State Forest, the Blackfeet Indian Reserva-
tion, British Columbia, Canada, and private lands. These activities
frequently take place within one-half mile from the Park boundary
(Haraden 1982). A small sample of some of these seismic activities are
discussed below. Not all seismic exploration projects which have
occurred in the Park vicinity are included in this discussion. Those
which are discussed indicate that a grea't degree of activity has
occurred and will continue to occur in the area for many years to come.
Flathead National Forest. Seismic activities which have taken
place in Flathead National Forest are described below based on conversa-
tions with the local National Forest Service representative (Keifer
1984b).
1. Previous Activities. About 330,000 acres, or 80 percent of the
Glacier View Ranger District (which covers the North Fork watershed),
has been leased. An estimated 20 to 25 projects have taken place in the
past five years, with the majority of seismic activity occurring between
June 1 and October 1. During the 1984 exploration season, there were
four projects in Flathead National Forest including a project that
started initially in Lewis and Clark National Forest.
2. Proposed Activity. Application for oil and gas explorations
are usually submitted to the National Forest Service in February making
it difficult to predict future activity at the time of this report;
96
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however, the National Forest Service estimates that activity will be
about the same for 1985 as it was in 1984.
Lewis and Clark National Forest. Seismic activities described
below are based on conversations with the local National Forest Service
representative (Swanger 1984).
1. Previous Activities. Most of the seismic tests have taken
place in the summer with very little activity during the winter. An
estimated 10 to 20 projects have taken place in the past five years.
During 1984, seismographic activity was heavy from the first of May to
the beginning of hunting season, October 16, and covered an area con-
sisting of 17,000 acres, as shown Figure A.1. The blasting methods used
included deep shot, Vibroseis, Portadrill, and above surface charge (the
most used method). During the season, five projects were undertaken.
2. Proposed Activity. An application for drilling a well four to
five miles south of the Glacier National Park has been filed by American
Petrofina Company with the Forest Service. Drilling depth is expected
to be 13,000 feet- The expected starting date for well production is 1
July 1985, and it will be operated for an unknown yiumber of years in the
future»
Coal Creek State Forest. Seismic activities described below are
based on information from the Deputy Area Manager, Department of State
Lands, Montana (Giesey 1984).
1« Previous Activities. Permitting for oil and gas exploration in
the Coal Creek State Forest began in 1979 with one project. In 1980 and
1981, no projects took place within a 25-mile range of the Glacier
National Park border. In 1982, exploration was performed by Mile Hi in
an area bout 28 miles from the Park border. In 1983, exploration was
performed by Consolidated Georex Geophysics for Phillips Petroleum and
Transcontinental 3 1/3 miles from the Park border. The following
projects took place during the summer of 1984.
a. Rocky Mountain Geophysical under contract with Phillips Oil
Company performed seismic exploration comprising three miles of seismic
line from September 24 to October 15, 1984, using the Modified Poulter
me thod.
97
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b. Seis-Port Exploration, Inc., under contract with Signal of
Montana, performed seismic exploration comprising six miles of seismic
line from August 17 to October 1, 1984, using the Modified Poulter
method.
c. Seis-Port Exploration, Inc., under contact with Signal of
Montana, performed seismic exploration comprising one-quarter mile of
seismic line from July 16 to August 1, 1984, using the Modified Poulter
me thod.
d. Rocky Mountain Geophysical, under contract with Trans-Con
Energy, performed seismic activity comprising 5 1/4 mile of seismic line
from September 27 to October 15, 1984, using the Modified Poulter
method. This project is scheduled for completion in 1985.
2. Proposed Activities. Synex Corporation has proposed the
drilling of a wildcat exploration oil well to a depth of 12,000 feet.
With approval from the Department of State Lands, this project could
begin as early as July 1985.
Blackfeet Indian Reservation. Seismic activity is taking place
throughout the Blackfeet Indian Reservation. In fact, some officials
•
believe nearly the entire reservation is leased to various exploration
firms (Keifer 1984). A number of Indian officials were contacted
regarding details of these activities (Burke 1984), but no informaton
was provided.
Alberta, Canada. According to the Canadian Energy and Resources
Department, Public Lands Division, although activity has taken place
elsewhere in the province, there has not been any seismic exploration
within 25 miles of the United States/Canadian border (Selcho 1984).
British Columbia, Canada. The seismic activities discussed below
are based on information supplied by the Manager of Field Operations,
Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources (Johnson 1984).
1. Previous Activities.
a. Shell Canada Resources and Norcana Geophysical performed
seismic exploration from April 1 to April 14, 1984 using the Vibroseis
method.
98
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b. Cantina Energy Corp. and Geophysical Service, Inc. per-
formed seismic explorations from April 1 to April 14, 1984 using the
Vibroseis method.
c. Chevron Canada Ltd. and Sefel Geophysical performed seismic
exploration from March 29 to April 14, 1984 using the Vibroseis method.
d. Geo Data Corp. and Geophysical Service, Inc. performed
seismic exploration from March 20 to September 21, 1984 using the
Vibroseis method.
e. Raymond T. Duncan Oil Properties Ltd. and Petty Ray Geo-
physical performed seismic exploration from June 14 to September 25,
1984 using the Vibroseis method.
f. Shell Canada Resources and Norcana Geophysical performed
seismic exploration from July 4 to August 21, 1984 using dynamite.
g. The Cabin Creek coal mine is located six miles from the
northwest corner of Glacier National Park. The mine site is about 4,000
acres in size and is expected to produce 2.2 million tons of clean coal
over a period of 21 years (National Park Service, no date).
•
2. Proposed Activities. An open pit* coal mine which has been
worked in the past and may be operated again in the near future is
located 15 miles north of the U.S.-Canada border and 50 miles west of
Waterton Park.
Private Lands. Some seismic activity has taken place on private
lands surround the National Park, in particular in this area near the
town of Columbia Falls, although the acreage involved is not known.
ARCO Oil performed seismic exploration in early 1984 on private lands in
this area adjacent to Flathead National Forest.
go
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A. 2 TYPES OP EXPLORATION ACTIVITY
The following descriptions of exploratory activity are taken from
the Glacier National Park Oil, Gas and Mining Activities in the Valley
of the North Fork of Flathead River (US National Park Service, no date).
1. Seismic Surveys
These surveys use methods in which shock waves are artificially
induced through -the subsurface strata and then reflected by the various
underlying layers. Seismic surveys involve two basic measurement
techniques, the refraction and reflection methods. The basic difference
in the two methods lies in the spacing between the shock source and the
recorder. In the refraction method, spacing between the shot hole and
the recorder ranges from 2 to 8 miles. In the reflection method,
instrument spacing is usually less than one mile. Seismic refraction
surveying has only limited usefulness for special geophysical problems
and is, therefore, not the primary method used today by most seismic
crews.
Seismic reflection surveys generally utilize an explosive source to
generate shock waves. There are a number of nonexplosive sources
•
including mechanical impactors and vibrating machines presently avail-
able. Even with the advent of nonexplosive .sources, dynamite detonated
in shot holes is the explosive used by more than 60 percent of land-
based seismic crews (Dobrin, 1976), and in the area of study, 90 percent
of all surveys use above ground explosives (Strathy, 1984, Kiefer,
1984a).
Seismic operations are expensive — as high as $180,000 per crew
month — and they involve the use of heavy equipment and personnel with
specific expertise. The basic components of a typical seismic reflec-
tion survey operation in the area of study are helicopters, a portable
drill rig, a remote magazine (for storing explosives), a portable
(12,000 Ib) recording unit, seismometers or geophones, seismometer
cables, surveying equipment, and crew personnel. These components may
vary under specific terrain conditions (i.e., swamps, marsh, sand,
shallow water) where specialized equipment may be needed.
100
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In a typical survey operation using explosives, the dynamite must
be planted in holes ranging from 10 feet to several handred feet in
depth, with an average hole diameter of 4 inches. The amount of dyna-
mite used may range from as little as one pound to several hundred
pounds, depending on the nature of the subsurface material. To maximize
the energy transmitted into the earth, the explosive charges are tamped,
usually with a heavy drilling mud.
For a description of the most used method in the study area, the
above ground blasting technique known as the Modified Poulter method,
please see Chapter 3.
For a variety of reasons, including interest in reducing environ-
mental impacts, several nonexplosive techniques have been developed.
Three techniques are currently used: mechanical weight dropping
(sometimes referred to by its trade name, "Thumper"), the Dinoseis
(developed by Sinclair Research Labs), and the Vibroseis.
The Thumper uses a 3-ton slab of iron, mounted on a special truck
and dropped to the ground from a height of 6 to 9 feet. For any given
shot point, as many as 100 drops may be made at 10-foot intervals every
10 to 12 seconds. Often two trucks may be 'used in tandem to speed up
the operation. The use of the Thumper, which was developed by Burton
McCullom in 1956, is not used much in the study area (Strathy, 1984).
The Dinoseis system involves an explosion of gas (propane and
oxygen) which is detonated inside a closed chamber. These chambers are
mounted beneath special trucks and are lowered to the ground surface
during detonation. In normal operations, three or four trucks are used
simultaneously. It is also not used often in the study area.
The Vibroseis system induces an oscillatory signal through the
earth rather than an impulsive signal as in explosive and other non-
explosive systems. The system, developed in the 1950s by Continental
Oil Company, uses a 2-ton mass controlled by a programmed hydraulic
vibrator mounted on special trucks. Vibroseis operations usually
include four, trucks used simultaneously either in parallel lines (for
open field operations) or in tandem (where confined to roads). Because
the signal from the Vibrosais is spread out over many seconds, it has a
-------
much lower amplitude level than the previous systems, which generate
their impulse signals within a few milliseconds. This feature makes the
Vibroseis more attractive for operation in populated areas or in areas
with sensitive environmental characteristics, and is occasionally used
in the study area near regularly traveled roads.
2. Core Drilling
Core drilling is sometimes conducted in areas where additional
information is needed on the subsurface stratigraphy before decisions
can be made for more extensive exploratory drilling programs. Most core
drilling is conducted by small truck-mounted rigs to depths of 1,000
feet or less. However, this technique can provide vital information on
basins with little developed geologic information. In such cases,
"slim-hole" stratigraphic tests can be made by drilling to depths of
10,000 to 12,000 feet in order to obtain the entire stratigraphic
profile of a basin. Under such conditions, the drilling opera ton
becomes quite extensive. Slim-hole drilling involves small diameter
rotary drilling techniques and does not usually involve casing the well.
^
EXPLORATORY DRILLING
•
Once surface and subsurface geologic data, and information gained
from the geophysical surveys is interpreted and a structural trap
located, exploratory holes are drilled to test for the actual existence
of hydrocarbons. This operation is referred to as "wildcatting."
The following discussion focuses on the techniques of the rotary
drilling method. As a detailed discussion of each aspect and component
of the drilling operation is beyond the scope of this report, attention
will be given only to those aspects that are important to this study.
1• Rotary Drilling
Although comparatively new, rotary drilling rigs now drill over 90
percent of all United States wells. The earlier method, cable tool
drilling, is now used primarily in the drilling of small, shallow water
wells.
102
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In the rotary method, a rotating drill bit is connected to and
rotated by a drill string or pipe added in sections as drilling depth
increases. Cuttings from the drilling process are removed by a drilling
fluid or "mud," which is continuously circulated through the drill
string, out nozzles in the bit and back up to the surface in the annular
space between the drill string and the walls of the bore hole. Once
back to the surface, the returned fluid is diverted through a series of
tanks that remove the drill cuttings and keep the fluid well mixed. In
the last of these tanks, the fluid is picked up by a pump and the whole
cycle is repeated.
103
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FIGURE A. 1
OIL/GAS PROJECTS
PREVIOUS and
PROPOSED ACTIVITIES
WIDESPREAD
EXPLORATION ACTIVITIES
ALBERTA
BRITISH
j« c
»FOREST-
«.^*^^tii
104
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APPENDIX B
DESCRIPTION OF MONITORING SITES
>r
FLATHEAD/GLACIER SITES
Noise monitoring took place at 16 sites. Sites 1-5, 11-14, 16, 17
were located in the Flathead National Forest and Sites 6-10 were located
in the Glacier National Park. No measurements were conducted at Site
15.
The following are descriptions of the various sites.
Site 1 - Thoma Creek
As shown in Figure B-1, at the end of this appendix, this site was
approximately 3 miles south of the Canadian border, approximately 3
miles up Thoma Creek Road from Trail Creek Road. Downslope east from a
point along the road .25 mile north of the fitst switchback, and upslope
from the east fork of Thoma Creek, the equipment was set up in a heavily
timbered, narrow drainage. The site was 60 to 80 feet from a pack trail
heading northeast. The microphone was out in the open.
Site 2 - Trail Creek
As shown in Figure B.2, this site was approximately 5 miles south
of the- Canadian border, 0.7 mile west of Thoma Creek Road and 75 to 100
yards north of Trail Creek Road, upslope and on the south aspect. The
equipment was in a fairly dense forest with dense understory; the
microphone was under the canopy.
Site 3 - Hornet Lookout
As shown in Figure B.3, this site was approximately 8 miles south
of the Canadian border, on top of Hornet Lookout, which is reached via
Whale Creek and Hornet Lookout Roads. The site was 58 paces along a
field bearing of 20° from the lookout, on the north aspect of the slope.
The trees near the microphone were approximately 5 to 6 feet high; the
-------
understory was mainly bear grass and other small grasses. The
microphone was in the open.
Site 4 - Red Meadow Creek
As shown in Figure B.4, this site was approximately 14 miles south
of the Canadian border, along Red Meadow Creek Road about 2.5 miles west
of the first bridge. The site was 150 to 300 yards south of Red Meadow
Creek on the north aspect of an approximately 15-year-old clear cut.
The understory was heavy and mainly fireweed, small mountain maples,
fallen trees, and stumps. The microphone was in the open.
Site 5 - Red Meadow Creek
As shown in Figure B.5, this site was approximately 15.5 miles
south of the Canadian border, in an old clear cut at the head of Red
Meadow Creek, 4 miles up Red Meadow Creek Road from Site 4 (just above
the second bridge). The site was 60 feet south of the road on a south-
southwest aspect, at the base of the large avalanche chute approximately
300 yards north of Red Meadow Creek. The microphone was in the open.
Site * - Kintla Lake
As shown in Figure B.6, this site wa« in the western part of
Glacier National Park, approximately 15 minutes by Boulder Pass Trail
northwest of Kintla Lake Campground. The equipment sat on a dead tree
about 3 feet off the trail and approximately 4 yards from the shore of a
small cove of Kintla Lake.
Site 7 - Round Prairie
As shown in Figure B.7, this site was in the western part of
Glacier National Park, ,5 miles south of Kintla Lake and 4 miles east of
Trail Creek. The equipment was in a small grove of trees at the north
edge of the prairie.
Site 8 - Bowman Lake
As shown in Figure B.8, this site was in the western part of
Glacier National Park, approximately 6 miles from Polebridge Ranger
106
R 111
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Station, and an approximately 5-minute walk northwest from Bowman Lake
Campground along West Lakes Trail. The equipment was in the open on a
slight hill about 4 feet upslope from the trail.
Site 9 - Bowman Lake
As shown in Figure B.8, this site was in the western part of
Glacier National Park at Bowman Lake Ranger Station, approximately 6
miles from Polebridge Ranger Station and Entrance to the Park. Bowman
Lake Ranger Station was along the shore on Bowman Lake Trail, approxi-
mately 200 yards from the campground. The equipment was on the back
porch which faced northwest.
Site 10 - Kintla Lake
As shown in Figure B.6, this site was in the western part of
Glacier National Park on a wooded hill approximately 200 yards northwest
and above Kintla Lake Campground. The campground and the lake could be
seen from the site.
Site 11 - Tepee Creek
As shown in Figure B.3, this site was in Wedge Canyon along Tepee
Creek Road, 21 paces east of Flag 205 on Che east-west seismic line.
Site 11 was approximately 0.4 mile west of Site 12, which was the
intersection of the north-south and east-west seismic lines.
Site 12 - Tepee Creek
As shown in Figure B.3, this site was in Wedge Canyon along Tepee
Creek Road at the intersection of the north-south and east-west seismic
lines. The site was marked by Flag 185 on the east-west seismic line,
which runs along Tepee Creek. The corrected bearing Hornet Lookout was
112 degrees.
Site 13 - Tepee Creek
As shown in Figure B.3, this site was in Wedge Canyon along Tepee
Creek Road, 10 paces east of Flag 164 on the east-west seismic line.
This site was 0.4 mile east of Site 12.
107
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Site 14 - Tepee Creek
As shown in Figure B.3, this site was in Wedge Canyon along Tepee
Creek Road at Flag 222 on the east-west seismic line. This site was 0.8
mile west of Site 12.
Site 15 - None
Site 16 - Tepee Creek
As shown in Figure B.3, this site was in Wedge Canyon along Tepee
Creek Road at Flag 233 on the east-west seismic line. This site was
1.05 miles west of Site 12. The corrected bearing to Hornet Lookout was
89 degrees.
Site 17 - Whale Creek
As shown in Figure B.9, this site was approximately 0.2 mile west
of the intersection of the north-south seismic line and Whale Creek Road
in Flathead National Forest. The site was approximately 1 mile east of
the staging site, which was at the junction of Whale Creek Road and the
road to Moose Creek. The staging site was approximately 8.7 miles west
of North Fork Road and 2.2 miles east of Ninko Creek.
108
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FIGURE B.1
SITE 1
THOMA CREEK
109
-------
SITE 2
TRAIL CREEK
-------
FIGURE B.3
SITES 3,11,12,13,16
HORNET LOOKOUT
AND
TEEPEE CREEK
111
-------
FIGURE B.4
RED MEADOW CREEK
112
-------
FIGURE B.5
SITE 5
RED MEADOW CREEK
113
-------
FIGURE B.6
SITES 6 and 10
KINTLA LAKE
114
-------
FIGURE B.7
SITE 7
ROUND PRAIRIE
115
-------
FIGURE B.8
BOWMAN LAKE
116
-------
FIGURE B.9
SITE 17
WHALE CREEK
117
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APPENDIX C
EQUIPMENT
The following equipment was used in the noise monitoring program.
EQUIPMENT LIST
System Components
A - E Digital Acoustics Community Noise Analyzer Model 607-PV.03
General Radio 1961-9610 1 inch Microphone
General Radio 1972-9600 Preamplifier/Adaptor
General Radio 1562 Multi-Frequency Sound Level Calibrator
Taylor Sling Psychrometer
F Digital Acoustics Community Noise Analyzer Model 607-PV.02
General Radio 1961-9610 1 inch Microphone
General Radio 1972-9600 Preamplifier/Adaptor
General Radio 1567 Sound Level Calibrator
Taylor Sling Psychrometer
•
G Nagra IV-SJ Scientific Tape Recorded
General Radio 1933 Precision Sound Level Meter & Analyzer
General Radio 1961-9610 1 inch Microphone
Taylor Sling Psychrometer
General Radio 1562 Multi-Frequency Calibrator
Scotch 176 Low Noise Magnetic Tape
H Nagra IV-SJ Scientific Tape Recorder
General Radio 1933 Precision Sound Level Meter S Analyzer
General Radio 1961-9610 1 inch Microphone
Taylor Sling Psychrometer
General Radio 1562 Multi-Frequency Calibrator
Ampex 641 Professional Audio Tapes, 5" and 7" reels
I Nagra IV-D Scientific Tape Recorder
General Radio 1988 Precision Integrating Sound Level Meter S
Analyzer
General Radio 1962-9610 1/2 inch Microphone
General Radio 1987 Minical Sound Level Calibrator
General Radio 1560-9642 Preamplifier
Taylor Sling Psychrometer
Ampex 641 Professional Audio Tapes, 5" and 7" reels
-------
Sys tern Components
J Digital Acoustics Community Noise Analyzer Model 607-PV.03
General Radio 1961-9610 1 inch Microphone
General Radio 1972-9600 Preamplifier/Adaptor
General Radio 1562 Multi-Frequency Calibrator
General Radio 1982 Precision Sound Level Meter S Analyzer
General Radio 1962-9610 1/2 inch Microphone
General Radio 1562 Multi-Frequency Calibrator
Taylor Sling Psychrometer
Taylor Wind Chill and Wind Speed Meter
K General Radio 1982 Precision Sound Level Meter S Analyzer
General Radio 1962-9610 1/2 inch Microphone
General Radio 1972-9600 Preamplifier/Adaptor
General Radio 1562 Multi-Frequency Calibrator
L General Radio 1988 Precision Integrating Sound Level Meter &
Analyzer
General Radio 1962-9610 1/2 inch Microphone
General Radio 1987 Minical Sound Level Calibrator
General Radio 1560-9642 Preamplifier
Taylor Sling Psychrometer
M General Radio 1988 Precision Integrating Sound Level Meter £
Analyzer
General Radio 1962-9610 1/2 inch Microphone
General Radio 1987 Minical Sound Level Calibrator *
General Radio 1560-9642 Preamplifier
Taylor Sling Psychrometer
Digital Acoustics Community Noise Analyzer Model 607-PV.03
General Radio 1961-9610 1 inch Microphone
General Radio 1972-9600 Preamplifier/Adaptor
General Radio 1562 Multi-Frequency Sound Level Calibrator
Dwyer Wind Gauge
N General Radio 1988 Precision Integrating Sound Level Meter S
Analyzer
General Radio 1962-9610 1/2 inch Microphone
General Radio 1987 Minical Sound Level Calibrator
General Radio 1560-9642 Preamplifier
Taylor Sling Psychrometer
Dwyer Wind Gauge
0 General Radio 1985 DC Recorder
General Radio 1988 Precision Integrating Sound Level Meter S
Analyzer
General Radio 1962-9610 1/2 inch Microphone
General Radio 1987 Minical Sound Level Calibrator
General Radio 1560-9642 Preamplifier
Taylor Sling Psychrometer
-------
APPENDIX D
MEASUREMENT RESULTS
This appendix contains most of the 24-hour data and some of the
tape recorded sound level data collected from the field. The following
key is used in the index to identify the tables in this Appendix:
Sound Source
Area (Location of
the measurements)
Met
Equipment
A Ambient (no exploration activity)
E Exploration activity was occurring
H Helicopter
F Plathead National Forest
G Glacier National Park
H Helena National Forest
T Temperature. Qata was taken
H Humidity data was taken
W Wind data was taken
A-M Systems identified in Appendix C
Data for each site were transcribed from typed copies of equipment
readouts onto computer diskettes. The transcription process was
reviewed and errors were corrected.
R 111
120
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INDEX TO MEASUREMENT DATA TABLES
Table Sound
No. Source Area
1 K V
I A f
2
3
4
5
6
7
9* B
A If
in & v
1 U A IT
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Site
1
1
1
1
1
1
i
i
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
Date Sound Levels
6/27
6/20
6/29
6/30
7/1
7/2
6/27
6/28
6/29
6/30
7/1
7/2
7/2
6/26 . *
6/27
6/28
6/29
6/30
7/1
7/2
6/26
6/27
6/28
6/29
6/26
6/27
6/28
Std.
Dev. Hour a Met E
i lift An^n i* H
ijju— uuju A i n
0030-0030
0030-0030
0030-0030
0030-0030
0030-0030
0030-1030
AA1A 1A1A
OO30- lUJO
T v 141 A nftin i* u
8 It . A i4jU~UUJv * , n
0030-0030
0030-0030
0030-0030
0030-0030
0030-0030
1152-1201 T.H
0030 — 1130
1620-0030 T,H
0030-0030
0030-0030
0030-0030
0030-0030
0030-0030
0030-1330 T«H
1820-0030 T,H
0020-0020
0020-0020
0020-1720 T.H
I 905-0005 T.U
0005-0005
O005-0005
*OP.
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
I
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
D
K
E
E
-------
INDEX TO MEASUREMENT DATA TABLES (continued)
10
to
Table Sound
Ho. Source Area
32
33
34
35
36 G
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
c -a w -tf
•j j & e
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
Site
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
a
a
a
8
8
9
9
10
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
Date
6/29
6/30
7/1
7/2
6/27
6/28
6/30
7/2
7/21
6/29
6/30
7/1
7/2
6/28
6/28
6/29
7/1
7/2
6/30
7/2
7/1
1 /1Q
// iy
7/20
7/21
7/22
7/23
7/24
7/25
7/19
7/20
7/21
Std.
Sound Level* Dev. Hour* Met
0005-0005
0005-0005
0005-0005
0005-1605 T,H
1248-1308 T
1539-1557 H
1053-1213 THH
1103-1138
1104-1129
1301-1341
1407-1442
1254-1332
1250-1325
1330-1348 TH
1403-1423 T
1449-1529 TH
1004-1126 THW
* . 1448-1500 THW
1557-1631 TH
1533-1609 THW
1422-1448 TH
0000-0000
0000-0000
0000-0000
0000-0000
0000-0000
0000-1200 TH
1050-0050 TH
0050-0050
0050-0050
Equip.
E
E
E
E
H
H
11
H
H
H
H
H
H
I
I
H
H
U
H
H
H
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
-------
INDEX TO MEASUREMENT DATA TABLES (continued)
Table Sound
No. Source Area
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
JO 76
Ul
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86 G
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
Site
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
11
17
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
Date Sound Levels
7/22
7/23
7/24
7/25
7/19
7/20
7/21
7/22
7/23
7/24
7/25
7/19
7/20
7/21
7/22
7/23
1/19
7/20 .»
7/21
7/22
7/25
7/24
7/24
7/18
7/19
7/20
7/21
7/22
7/23
7/24
7/25
Std.
DeVo Hours
0050-0050
0050-0050
0050-0050
0050-1150
1250-0050
0050-0050
0050-0050
0050-0050
0050-0050
0050-0950
0050-0950
1430-0030
0030-0030
0030-0030
0030-0030
0030-1030
1500-0000
0000-0000
0000-0000
0000-0000
0000-1100
1113-14U
0750-1450
H955-0055
0055-0055
0055-0055
0055-0055
0055-0055
0055-0055
0055-0055
0055-0655
Met Equip.
B
B
B
TH B
C
C
C
C
C
THH C
THW C
TH D
0
D
D
TH D
TH E
E
E
E
TH E
J
TH H
F
f
F
t
f
r
F
THW F
-------
INDEX TO MEASUREMENT DATA TABLES (continued)
10
Table Sound
No. Source Area
94 11 F
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
1 05a H B
Site
1
2
3
11
12
12
12
13
14
16
17
17
Date Sound Levels
7/20,7/21.7/23 SEL, L . Dur.
max
7/20,7/21,7/22
7/23.7/24
7/20.7/23
7/22
7/22 Lnax
7/24 L . Dur.
n&x
7/24 SEL, !• x. TA
7/22 L
7/22 Laax
7/22 L^^
7/24 SEL, L , TA
7/24 SEL. L , TA
max
L90, L99
Std.
Dav. Hour* Hat Equip.
T A
DUX
Tmax B
Tnax
Tmax °
T J
max
Tmax K
T K
•ax
J
L
L
K
H
H
X H
-------
PftGE 1
O6-Feb-85
T 8
ft O ft E
Bl 1 O
LJ it
L N E 1
E D ft E
1Q C
M r
Ir\ C
M ~
if\ c
H r
1f\ c
M r
1g\ c
H r
In c
H r
1 O P*
A H ~
Irt c*
H P
1O H"
rl r
to C"
H r
10 C"
H •
1 ft F
1 A F
1 ft F
1 ft F
1 ft F
i ft f"
1 0 F
1 ft F
1 ft F
1 ft F
1 ft F
a o F
2 O F
a ft F
a ft F
a ft F
a ft F
a ft F
a ft F
2 0 F
a ft F
e ft F
a ft F
a ft F
a ft F
a ft F
a ft F
2 ft F
a ft F
a ft F
a ft F
a ft F
a ft F
a A F
a « F
3 D
I/\
rl
r T
• E
C ypc
Q/ CD
A yoc
Q/CQ
A /£>A
O/ CD
A y^A
D/CO
A /J5A
D/ CD
A /PA
»/ CO
A /£>A
Q/ Cu
A /PA
D/ CD
A /£>A
O/ CD
A y9A
O/ CD
A /OC.
O/ CD
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/37
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/37
6/27
6/37
6/27
6/27
HOURS
ft A Aft— ftl ftft
UU W V 1 UU
ft 1 ftft— ft PA A
V 1 W UCvU
o^ftft nfoft
ftAAft n«tnft
OSftO fiAOA
ftAftft ft7ftft
O7OO— OflOO
ft^nn innft
?rtrt /T~ 1 ?!s A
1OOO~ I 1OO
»fl AA— 1 PAA
1 VAA— 1 1AA
1 CUU 1 *i W
1300-14OO
14OO-1SOO
1300-1600
160O-1700
17OO-18OO
18OO-190O
1900-2000
2000-2100
210O-E2OO
2200-a30O
230O-OOOO
OOOO-O10O
0100-0200
O2OO-030O
O3OO-O400
O4OO-O50O
050O-06OO
O60O-O7OO
07OO-O8OO
OBOO-O90O
O9OO-10OO
100O-110O
11 00-120O
1200-13OO
1300-14OO
14OO-15OO
1SOO-16OO
16OO-170O
1700-1800
18OO-190O
19OO-2OOO
2OOO-21 OO
a i 00-2200
eaoo-23oo
23OO-OOOO
Leq L. 01
47
47
47
47
47
47
48
48
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
49
49
49
49
48
49
50
49
53
50
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
*a —
L. 1
54
51
52
53
49
56
S3
49
48
47
47
47
47
47
47
49
49
59
57
55
51
55
56
71
SO
73
66
SO
SO
49
49
58
61
49
SO
LI
49
SO
49
SO
48
48
49
48
48
47
47
47
47
47
47
48
47
51
51
51
SO
49
52
SO
49
57
59
49
49
48
48
49
SI
4B
AS
LS
47
48
48
48
47
47
48
48
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
48
49
49
49
48
48
49
48
SO
34
48
48
48
48
49
SO
48
48
LEVEL
L1O
47
48
47
47
47
47
47
48
47
47
47
.' 47
47
47
47
47
47
48
49
49
49
48
48
49
48
48
51
48
48
48
48
48
49
48
* a
(dBft
L33
46
46
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
48
48
49
48
48
48
48
48
48
49
48
48
48
48
48
49
AP
/
>
L30
46
46
46
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
47
48
L9O
46
46
46
46
46
46
47
47
47
46
46
46
46
46
47
47
47
47
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
47
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
47
47
L99
43
43
46
46
46
46
46
47
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
48
48
48
47
47
47
48
47
48
48
48
48
48
48
48
4G
4£
LMM Lmn
70
63
53
58
57
63
56
62
50
48
49
48
49
49
48
5O
53
64
60
39
36
64
69
ao
6O
84
75
55
33
53
51
69
73
S3
61 —
8TD T
DEV
72
73
73
73
73
73
73
- 72
73
73
73
_ _
_ _
- -
- -
- -
-. _
- —
- _
- -
- -
- _
- -
_ _
- -
— —
- -
- _
- -
- -
- —
— -
- —
— —
— —
MET
H
<*>
33
33
33
33
-
33
33
33
33
33
33
H
-
-
-
-
—
_
—
-
_
—
-
-
-
_
-
—
-
—
_
_
_
_
—
M
(V)
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
_
-
-
-
-
-
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
—
-
-
—
—
—
_
-
—
—
E
Q
I
P
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
ft
ft
A
A
A
A
A
O
-------
PAGE S
OB-Feb-BS
K>
T 8
ft 0 ft S D
D U R I ft
L N E T T
E D ft E E
3 ft F 1 6/28
3 ft F 1 6/28
3 ft F 1 6/28
3 ft F 1 6/28
3 ft F
3 A F
3 ft F
3 ft F
3 ft F
3 ft F
3 ft F
3 ft F
3 ft F
3 ft F
3 ft F
3 ft F
3 ft F
3 ft F
3 ft F
3 ft F
3 ft F
3 ft F
3 ft F
3 ft F
4 ft F
4 ft F
4 ft F
4 ft F
4 ft F
4 O F
4 ft F
6/28
6/28
6/28
6/28
6/28
6/28
6/28
6/28
6/28
6/28
6/28
6/28
6/28
6/28
6/28
6/28
6/28
6/28
6/28
6/28
6/29
6/29
6/29
6/29
6/29
6/29
6/29
4 ft F 1 6/29
4 ft F 1 6/29
4 R F 1 6/29
4 ft F 1 6/29
4 ft F 1 6/29
4 ft F 1 6/29
4 ft F 1 6/29
4 ft F 1 6/29
4 ft F 1 6/29
4 ft F 1 6/29
4 ft F 1 6/29
4 ft F 1 6/29
4 ft F 1 6/29
4 ft F 1 6/29
4 ft F 1 6/29
4 ft F 1 6/29
4 ft F 1 6/29
LEVEL
HOURS
OOOO-0100
O 100-0200
0200-030O
0300-O4OO
O400-O50O
050O-06OO
0600-0700
O700-08OO
0800-0900
O9OO-1OOO
1000-1100
11 OO-1200
1200-130O
130O-140O
14OO-150O
1SOO-16OO
1600-1700
1700-1800
1800-1900
190O-200O
2OOO-21 OO
21 OO-2200
2200-2300
2300-OOOO
OOOO-O10O
Ol OO-O2OO
0200-0300
O3OO-O4OO
O4OO-OSOO
OSCIO-O6OO
0600-070O
07OO-O8OO
O8OO-09OO
09OO-1OOO
10OO-110O
11 OO-1200
12OO-13OO
130O-14OO
14OO-15OO
1500-1600
16OO-170O
170O-1800
180O-1900
19OO-2OOO
EOOO-21OO
2 I OO-22OO
22OO-230O
2300-OOOO
Leq
48
47
48
47
47
47
47
49
49
49
49
48
48
48
47
47
46
46
47
47
48
48
47
47
46
46
46
46
48
48
47
47
47
47
46
47
47
47
47
46
46
46
47
46
46
46
46
46
L.O1
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
L. 1
49
47
49
48
32
48
54
S3
53
56
55
51
51
53
52
49
47
48
48
49
48
S3
48
46
46
46
46
46
55
54
54
SO
48
48
48
54
51
52
53
50
48
52
S3
47
SO
54
47
46
LI
49
47
49
48
SO
47
49
49
SO
49
51
49
48
SO
49
48
46
47
47
48
48
SO
48
46
46
46
46
46
S3
50
48
47
47
47
47
49
49
51
51
48
47
49
5O
46
48
48
46
46
L5
48
47
48
47
47
47
48
49
49
49
49
48
48
49
47
47
46
46
46
47
48
48
48
46
46.*
46
46
46
50
48
48
47
47
47
46
48
48
49
49
46
46
47
48
46
47
46
46
46
L10
48
47
48
47
47
47
47
49
49
49
49
48
48
48
47
47
46
46
46
47
48
48
47
46
46
46
46
46
48
48
48
46
47
47
46
47
47
48
48
46
46
46
47
46
46
46
46
46
(dBft)
L33
48
47
48
47
47
47
47
48
49
48
48
48
48
48
46
46
46
46
46
46
48
48
46
46
46
46
46
46
48
48
46
46
47
46
46
46
46
46
46
45
45
46
46
46
46
46
46
LSO
48
47
48
47
47
47
47
48
48
48
48
48
47
47
46
46
46
46
46
46
47
47
46
46
46
46
46
46
48
47
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
43
46
45
45
45
45
45
46
46
46
46
L9O
47
46
47
46
46
46
46
47
48
48
48
47
46
46
45
45
45
43
46
46
47
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
43
L99
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
48
48
47
46
46
43
45
45
45
45
46
46
47
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
45
45
45
45
45
44
44
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
Lrox
60
SO
37
55
SS
SI
59
57
56
66
60
58
56
59
S3
56
48
S9
59
56
SO
SB
49
47
47
47
47
47
SB
57
59
55
52
S3
52
64
56
53
55
59
57
SS
57
52
55
56
48
47
MET
Ltnn
6TD T
DEV
H
E
Q
U
W I
(V) P
ft
_ O
M ft
ft
ft
O
ft
ft
ft
ft
— ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
_ O
A
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
-------
PAGE 3
06-Feb-BS
T S
ADA
Bl 1 O
U n
L N E
EDA
5 A F
3 A F
S A F
S A F
5 A F
a A F
5 ft F
5 ft F
S A F
3 A F
5 A F
5 A F
S A F
S A F
5 A F
5 A F
5 A F
S A F
5 A F
5 A F
5 A F
5 A F
5 A F
S A F
6 A F
6 A F
6 A F
6 A F
6 A F
6 A F
6 A F
6 A F
6 A F
6 A F
6 A F
6 A F
6 A F
6 A F
6 A F
6 A F
6 A F
6 A F
6 A F
6 A F
6 A F
6 ft F
& A F
e> n F
S
T
E
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
l
D
T
E
6/30
6/30
6/30
6/30
6/30
6/3O
6/30
6/3O
6/30
6/30
6/30
6/3O
6/30
6/3O
6/30
6/30
6/30
6/30
6/30
6/3O
6/30
6/30
6/30
6/3O
7/01
7/O1
7/O1
7/01
7/01
7/O1
7/01
7/O1
7/O1
7/01
7/O1
7/01
7/O1
7/01
7/01
7/01
7/O1
7/O1
7/01
7/01
7/01
7/01
y/oi
7/01
HOURS
OOOO-O10O
Ol OO-O20O
O2OO-O3OO
03OO-04OO
O40O-O5OO
O5OO-O6OO
O6OO-O7OO
O70O-O80O
OBOO-09OO
O900-1OOO
100O-11OO
11 OO-12OO
1200-130O
13OO-140O
140O-1500
15OO-160O
16OO-170O
1700-1600
1 BOO- 1900
190O-20OO
eooo-2ioo
21 OO-22OO
2200-2300
230O-OOOO
OOOO-O1OO
Ol 00-O2OO
020O-O3OO
O3OO-O4OO
O40O-O5OO
056O-O6OO
O600-O700
O7OO-O80O
OBOO-O9OO
O900-1000
10OO-11OO
11 00-12OO
120O-13OO
130O-140O
14OO-15OO
15OO-16OO
16OO-17OO
1700-1800
18OO-19OO
19OO-2OOO
2OOO-21 OO
£1OO-££OO
£200-2300
8300-0000
Leq
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
48
46
46
46
46
45
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
47
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
45
46
45
43
46
43
45
43
43
45
45
43
L.01
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
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46
46
46
49
48
31
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47
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35
35
34
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48
47
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36
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48
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53
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53
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46
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46
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62 - -
53 - -
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-------
PAGE •*
OB-Feb—85
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HOURS Lcq L. 01 L. 1
OOOO-O1OO 45 - 45
01 OO-0200 45 45
02OO-O3OO 45 - 45
0300-0400 45 45
04OO-O5OO 45 - 47
OSOO-OeOO 45 - 53
0600-070O 45 - 47
07OO-OBOO 45 - 53
OBOO-O9OO 46 - 54
0900-1000 46 - 52
,
1051-1059 45. B 4B 47
LEVEL (dBft) E
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STD T H W I
LI US L1O L33 L5O L9O L99 LfflM Lmn DEV
-------
PAGE S
06-Feb-a5
T
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B
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9
9
9
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9
9
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9
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9
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10
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7/O2
7/02
7/02
7/02
7/02
7/02
7/O2
7/O2
7/02
7/O2
7/02
7/02
2 6/26
2 6/26
2 6/26
2 6/26
2 6/26
2 6/26
> 6/26
2 6/26
2 6/26
2 fc/26
2 6/26
2 6/26
2 6/26
2 6/26
2 6/26
2 6/26
2 6/26
2 6/26
2 6/26
2 6/26
2 6/26
2 E/26
s fc/ae
S 6/26
HOURS Lsq L. Ol
OOOO-0100 45
Ol OO-O2OO 45
O200-0300 43
0300-0400 45
0400-O50O 45
0500-0600 45
O600-07OO 43
070O-OBOO 45
OBOO-O9OO 46
0900-1000 46
1400-1500 46
1500-1600 45
16OO-17OO 45
170O-180O 45
18OO-19OO 44
19OO-20OO 44
2000-2100 43
31OO-££OO 44
£2OO-a3OO 44 -
230O-OOOO 44
LEVEL (dBA)
MET
8TO T H W
L. 1 LI L5 L1O L33 L5O L90 L99 Lmx Lmn DEV (X)
-------
PflBE 6
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ADAS D
B U R I ft
L N E T T
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11 ft F 2 6/27
11 ft F 2 6/27
11 ft F 2 6/27
11 A F 2 6/27
11 ft F 2 6/27
11 O F 2 6/27
11 fl F 2 6/27
11 fl F 2 6/27
11 0 F 2 6/27
11 fl F 2 6/S7
11 R F 2 6/27
11 fl F 2 6/27
11 ft F a 6/27
11 fl F 2 6/27
11 ft F 2 6/27
11 ft F 2 6/27
U ft F 2 6/27
11 ft F 2 6/27
11 ft F 2 6/27
11 ft F 2 6/27
11 ft F 2 6/27
11 ft F 2 6/27
U ft F 2 6/27
11 ft F 2 6/27
12 ft F 2 6/28
12 ft F 2 6/28
12 ft F 2 6/28
12 ft F 2 6/28
12 ft F 2 6/28
12 ft F 2 6/28
12 ft F 2 6/28
12 ft F 2 6/28
12 ft F 2 6/28
12 ft F 2 6/28
12 ft F 2 6/28
12 ft F 2 6/£B
12 ft F 2 6/28
12 ft F 2 6/28
12 ft F 2 6/28
12 fl F 2 6/£S
12 ft F 2 6/28
12 ft F 2 6/28
12 ft F 2 6/28
12 ft F 2 6/28
12 ft F 2 6/28
12 ft F 2 6/28
12 ft F 2 6/28
12 ft F 2 6/2B
LEVEL
HOURS
OOOO-O10O
Ol OO-O2OO
O2OO-0300
0300-O400
O4OO-O500
0500-O600
0600-070O
O70O-O8OO
O800-090O
O90O-10OO
1000-110O
11 OO-12OO
12OO-13OO
130O-14OO
1400-1300
150O-16OO
160O-17OO
17OO-18OO
18OO-190O
19OO-2OOO
2000-2 1OO
21 OO-22OO
220O-23OO
23OO-OOOO
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Ol OO-O2OO
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05dO-O6OO
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08OO-090O
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1OOO-11OO
11 OO-12OO
120O-13OO
1300-14OO
1 AGO- 1500
150O-16OO
160O-170O
17OO-18OO
1800-19OO
190O-2OOO
2OOO-21 OO
21 OO-2200
£200-2300
230O-OOOO
Leq
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
46
44
43
44
48
44
54
50
44
44
44
44
44
45
46
44
44
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44
44
44
44
44
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43
44
42
51
44
49
44
43
43
43
43
43
44
44
44
L. Ol
_
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L. 1
53
51
48
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78
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47
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58
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42
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44
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47
63
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44
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LIQ
44
44
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44
44
43
44
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44
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43
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43
43
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(dBft)
L33
44
44
43
43
44
44
44
44
45
44
42
43
46
43
43
46
43
44
44
43
43
44
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
44
44
44
43
42
42
42
43
43
44
43
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43
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43
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L30
43
44
43
43
44
44
44
44
45
44
42
43
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43
43
46
43
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43
43
43
43
43
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43
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42
42
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42
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43
43
42
42
42
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43
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42
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42
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43
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43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
42
42
41
41
41
42
41
42
41
41
42
42
42
43
43
43
L99
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
42
42
41
42
43
42
42
43
42
43
43
42
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
42
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
42
42
42
43
43
LNIM
6O
35
54
45
SO
58
73
56
S3
57
57
65
74
58
82
76
52
S3
31
57
SO
S3
78
33
54
46
47
49
34
48
68
51
54
48
63
6O
81
55
78
SO
54
58
58
56
48
45
45
45
Lmn
43
43
42
42
43
43
43
42
42
41
41
41
42
42
41
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
43
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
41
41
40
4O
4O
41
40
40
41
41
41
42
42
42
42
STD
DEV
O.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
O. 5
0. 6
O. 5
0.6
1.4
0.9
0.5
1.4
2.3
o. a
3.9
2.8
0.8
O. 6
0.8
O. 6
O. 3
1. 1
1. 1
O.5
O. 3
0.4
0.3
O. 3
0.6
O. 4
0.5
0.5
0.4
0.3
1.6
0.6
2. 7
1.5
2.7
1.4
1.4
1.2
0.7
0.8
O. 3
0.2
O. 3
0.3
E
MET Q
T H W I
(F) <*> (V) P
B
«• — . B
- - - B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
- - - B
B
B
B
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B
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B
B
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B
B
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B
- - - B
B
B
-------
PAGE 7
O6-Fab-BS
T S
ft 0 ft 6 0
B U R I ft
L N E T T
E D A E E
13 ft F E 6/29
13 A F 2 6/39
13 A F £ 6/89
13 ft F £ 6/29
13 ft F £ 6/29
13 A F 2 6/29
13 ft F £ 6/29
13 A F 2 6/29
13 ft F 2 6/29
13 ft F 2 6/29
13 ft F 2 6/29
13 A F S 6/29
13 ft F 2 6/29
13 A F 2 6/29
13 ft F 2 6/29
13 ft F 2 6/29
13 ft F 2 6/29
13 A F 2 6/29
13 A F 2 6/29
13 A F 2 6/29
13 A F 2 6/29
13 0 F 2 6/29
13 A F 2 6/29
13 A F 2 6/29
14 A E 2 6/30
14 ft E 2 6/30
14 A E 2 6/3O
14 ft E 2 6/30
14 ft E 2 6/30
14 ft E 2 6/30
14 ft E 2 6/30
14 ft £ 2 6/30
14 ft E 2 6/30
14 0 E 2 6/30
14 ft E 2 6/30
14 ft E 2 6/30
14 A E 2 6/30
14 ft E 2 6/30
14 ft E 2 6/30
14 ft E 2 6/30
14 A E 2 6/3O
14 A E 2 6/30
14 A E 2 6/3O
14 A E 2 6/30
14 A E 2 6/3O
14 A £ a 6/30
14 o e a 6/30
!•«. n E a e/ao
HOURS
OOOO-0100
Ol OO-O2OO
02OO-O300
O300-O4OO
O4OO-0500
0500-0600
06OO-07OO
O7OO-OBOO
oaoo-o90o
O90O-10OO
100O-110O
11 00-1200
12OO-130O
130O-14OO
1400-1SOO
150O-16OO
16OO-170O
170O-1BOO
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1900-2000
200O-21 00
21 OO-22OO
2200-2300
23OO-OOOO
OOOO-01OO
Ol OO-0200
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O30O-O4OO
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0600-0700
O700-O800
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1000-11OO
1100-1200
12OO-13OO
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14OO-15OO
15OO-16OO
1600-1700
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a i 00-2200
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44
44
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45
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45
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43
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43
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45
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44
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43
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43
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43
43
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SB
56
34
54
61
49
52
56
56
61
•46
Lmn
42
42
42
42
43
44
43
44
42
41
41
42
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
41
4O
39
4O
41
41
41
40
4O
42
41
41
41
41
42
41
STD
DEV
0.3
O. 3
0.4
0.4
O.3
0.7
0.4
O. 6
o.a
.3
.7
a. 6
.7
.8
e. a
.1
.4
.6
.7
0.7
0.3
0.6
O.6
0.6
O. 4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.6
0.6
0.6
i.a
1.2
1.0
1.9
3. 1
3. 1
2.6
2.3
2.1
1.9
1.0
o.a
O. 6
1.4
l.O
o.a
E
MET Q
U
T H M I
(V) P
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
- - - B
B
_t mm m1 r^
B
B
• «c ^ D
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
1_I n
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
- - - B
-------
U)
to
T S
ft O ft S
B U R I
L N E T
E D ft E
15 ft F 2
15 ft F 2
15 ft F 2
15 ft F 2
IS ft F 2
15 ft F
15 ft F
IS ft
15 ft
15 ft
15 ft
IS ft
15 ft
IS ft
15 ft
0
ft
T
E
HOURS
Laq L.Ol L.1
2
2
F 2
F 2
F 2
F 2
F 2
F 2
F 2
F 2
15 ft F
15 ft
IS ft
15 ft F 2
15 ft F 2
F 2
F 2
IS ft F 2
15 ft F 2
15 ft
IS ft
F 2
F 2
7/O1 OOOO-0100
7/O1 0100-02OO
7/O1 O2OO-O3OO
7/01 0300-O4OO
7/O1 0400-0500
7/01 050O-0600
7/O1 06OO-O70O
7/O1 070O-OBOO
7/01 0800-0900
7/01 090O-1OOO
7/01 100O-110O
7/01 11OO-1200
7/01 12OO-1300
7/01 1300-14OO
7/01 1400-1500
7/OI 1500-1600
7/O1 1600-170O
7/01 1700-180O
7/O1 1800-190O
7/01 190O-2OOO
7/01 20OO-2100
7/O1 2100-220O
7/O1 2200-2300
7/01 230O-0000
45
45
44
43
44
44
45
45
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
46
45
46
46
47
47
47
47
47
SI
51
45
54
47
49
48
S3
50
SI
50
49
49
SO
51
49
SO
47
50
47
SS
47
47
LI
47
49
48
43
48
45
46
46
49
48
47
48
48
48
48
50
49
47
46
46
46
47
47
47
LEVEL
L5 L1O L33 L50 L9O L99 LMM
MET
E
Q
U
8TD T H M I
Lmn DEV (*) (V) P
47
47
44
43
43
44
45
46
48
47
47
47
47
48
47
48
47
46
46
46
46
47
47
47
46
46
43
43
43
44
45
45
48
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
46
45
46
46
46
47
47
44
45
43
43
43
43
45
45
47
46
46
46
47
47
46
46
45
45
45
46
46
46
47
47
44
44
43
43
43
43
45
45
46
46
46
46
46
47
46
46
45
43
43
45
46
46
47
47
42
43
42
42
42
43
44
44
45
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
44
44
44
45
46
46
47
47
42
43
42
42
42
42
44
44
44
46
46
46
46
46
46
44
44
43
44
45
46
46
46
47
48
S3
62
31
57
56
56
55
66
56
58
55
51
SS
58
53
51
58
SO
S3
54
64
52
52
42
42
42
42
42
42
43
44
44
45
44
45
46
45
45
44
43
43
44
44
45
45
46
46
1.3
1.3
l.O
O. 2
0.9
O. S
O.5
0.5
1.2
O. 0
0.3
0.3
O. 4
0.3
0.4
0.9
1.0
O. 7
O.3
O. 3
O.O
0.4
0.0
O.O
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
«• B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
16 ft F 2 7/O2 - - - - - • - - - - - - - _____
16 O F 2 7/02 - - - - - - - - - - - - _____
16 ft F 2 7/O2 - - - - - - - - - - - - -_---
16 ft F 2 7/O2 - - - - - - - - - - - -----
16 ft F 2 7/02 - - - - - - - - - - - - -----
16 ft F 2 7/02 - - - - - - - - - - - - -----
16 ft F 2 7/02 - - - - - - - - - - - - -----
16 ft F 2 7/O2 .- __--_-__-_-___-__
16 ft F 2 7/02 - - - - - - - - - - - - -----
16 ft F £ 7/02 - - - - - - - - - - - - -----
16 ft F 2 7/02 - - - - - - - - - - - - -----
16 ft F 2 7/O2 11S2-12O1 41.1 46 45 43 42 42 - 42 37 33 45.6 33 2.4 67 49 - I
16 ft F 2 7/02 - - -'- - - - - - - - - _____
16 ft F 2 7/O2 - - - - -'- - - - - - _____
16 O F 2 7/02 - - - - - - - - - - - - _____
16 ft F £ 7/O2 - - - - - - - - - - - - _____
16 ft F 2 7/02 - - - - - - - - - - - - _____
16 ft F 2 7/02 - - - - - - - - - - - - _____
16 ft F 2 7/02 - - - - - - - - - - - - _____
16 ft F 2 7/O2 - - - - - - - - - - - _____
16 ft F 2 7/02 - - - - - - - - - - - - _____
16 ft F 2 7/02 - - - - - - - - - - - - _____
16 ft F 2 7/02 - - - - - - - - - - - _____
16 O F 2 7/02 - - - - - - - - - - - _____
-------
POGE 9
06-F«b-85
T S
ADAS D
b U R I 0
L N E T T
E D A E E
17 ft F 3 7/O2
17 ft F a 7/02
17 ft F 2 7/02
17 ft F 2 7/02
17 ft F 2 7/02
17 ft F 2 7/O2
17 ft F 2 7/02
17 ft F 2 7/02
17 O F 2 7/02
17 ft F 2 7/O2
17 0 F 2 7/02
1 ~i f\ c p *7/nP
I -7 o c p ~j /np
1 A O P *X C. /Pti
1 A n P ** A /PC.
tA a P "* A./PA.
1 a rt p •> c /PA,
I A £) P *3 c/pc
1 A O P 1 ft /PA.
1 A ft P ** A/PA
18 ft F 3 6/26
IB ft F 3 8/26
18 ft F 3 6/26
18 ft F 3 6/26
IB ft F 3 6/26
IS ft F 3 6/26
ia f\ F 3 e/26
IB « F 3 e/26
HOURS
OOOO-010O
Ol OO-O2OO
0200-0300
O30O-O4OO
O4OO-O50O
0500-0600
O60O-070O
070O-O8OO
0800-0900
O90O-10OO
1000-1100
i pnn— i "*nn
i "inn— 1 Ann
i 7nn— i Ann
1 Ann— i Qnn
p inn— nnnn
n i nn— npnn
nonn— i nnn
i Ann— i ^nn
i ^nn— i ^ nn
16OO-17OO
17OO-1BOO
18OO-19OO
19OO-200O
20OO-21 OO
21OO-£:aOO
8200-3300
23OO-OOOO
Leq L. Ol
48
48
48
49
49
49
49
49
48
48
47
36
37
33
3O
31
40
19 -
E2 -
L.I
47
47
48
49
49
SO
49
52
49
49
48
56
51
48
44
46
57
37
43
LI
47
47
48
48
49
49
49
49
49
47
47
46
47
43
41
4O
49
85
a*
LS
47
47
48
48
48
49
49
49
48
47
47
40
42
38
36
35
46
ea
so
LEVEL
L1O
47
47
48
48
48
49
49
49
48
47
47
36
40
35
32
33
43
an
(V) P
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
63 48 - C
C
c
« « «_ f*
c
- - - C
- - - c
-------
PflGE to
OB-F»b-B5
T S
ft O ft S 0
B U R I ft
L N E T T
E D 0 E E
19 ft F 3 6/87
19 ft F 3 6/87
19 ft F 3 6/27
19 ft F 3 6/37
19 A F 3 6/27
19 ft F 3 6/27
19 ft F 3 6/27
19 ft F 3 6/87
19 ft F 3 6/27
19 ft F 3 6/27
19 ft F 3 6/27
19 ft F 3 6/27
19 ft F 3 6/27
19 ft F 3 6/27
19 ft F 3 6/27
19 ft F 3 6/27
19 ft F 3 6/27
19 ft F 3 6/27
19 ft F 3 6/27
19 O F 3 6/27
19 ft F 3 6/27
19 ft F 3 6/27
19 ft F 3 6/27
19 ft F 3 6/27
20 ft F 3 6/28
2O ft F 3 6/2S
2O ft F 3 6/26
20 ft F 3 6/28
20 ft F 3 6/28
2O ft F 3 6/28
2O ft F 3 6/28
£0 ft F 3 6/28
20 ft F 3 6/28
2O ft F 3 6/28
20 ft F 3 6/28
20 ft F 3 6/28
20 ft F 3 6/28
2O ft F 3 6/28
2O ft F 3 6/28
20 ft F 3 6/28
2O ft F 3 6/28
2O ft F 3 6/28
20 ft F 3 6/28
2O ft F 3 6/28
2O ft F 3 6/28
2O ft F 3 6/28
20 ft F 3 6/28
2O ft F 3 6/28
LEVEL
HOURS
OOOO-O1OO
01 OO-O2OO
O2OO-O3OO
030O-O4OO
O400-050O
O50O-O6OO
060O-O700
O7OO-O8OO
O8OO-09OO
0900- 10OO
1000-1100
1100-1200
12OO-1300
13OO-14OO
14OO-1500
1300-1600
160O-170O
170O-18OO
1800-1900
19OO-20OO
200O-21 00
21 OO-22OO
220O-2300
2300-OOOO
OOOO-O1OO
Ol OO-O2OO
0200-0300
030O-0400
0400-05OO
056O-O6OO
06OO-07OO
O7OO-O8OO
08OO-09OO
O90O-1OOO
1OOO-1100
11 OO-12OO
1200-13OO
1300-14OO
14OO-150O
15OO-16OO
16OO-17OO
1700-1800
180O-190O
1900-2000
20OO-21 OO
2100-2200
2200-23OO
23OO-OOOO
Leq
19
12
12
16
26
29
30
39
38
41
35
37
41
45
31
39
4O
44
47
31
23
40
24
30
28
23
22
22
34
37
34
21
37
24
49
39
30
33
27
2S
23
19
24
21
2O
29
IB
22
L. Ol
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
L. 1
39
23
23
24
43
47
47
61
48
64
57
59
55
66
48
66
49
61
49
40
33
62
32
37
4O
30
27
30
53
55
50
35
62
46
68
62
49
57
40
37
33
29
41
38
38
50
30
33
LI
22
16
15
20
39
41
42
47
47
49
47
43
49
54
39
60
47
50
44
38
27
47
28
36
35
27
24
26
48
49
47
30
44
35
64
42
44
41
34
32
28
25
35
32
31
40
22
26
LS
18
14
13
19
29
35
36
40
44
42
36
38
47
47
34
53
45
48
41
35
24
38
26
33
32- *
24
23
24
38
43
41
25
31
24
45
25
33
31
30
29
26
22
28
25
24
26
20
23
L1O
17
13
13
18
24
31
30
36
42
4O
30
34
45
45
32
51
43
46
40
34
24
36
25
32
31
24
22
23
3O
39
36
21
24
21
38
19
28
29
28
27
25
22
26
22
21
19
19
22
(dBft)
L33
IS
11
11
16
18
18
18
27
36
34
2O
26
41
36
27
46
40
43
37
30
22
32
24
29
28
23
21
22
22
27
21
19
18
13
20
13
21
25
25
24
22
19
20
18
15
16
1?
L5O
14
1O
1O
14
17
16
16
24
32
31
17
23
35
32
26
44
38
41
36
29
22
3O
22
28
26
22
21
22
21
21
20
19
17
15
15
12
19
24
23
23
21
16
18
17
14
15
16
19
L90
10
9
9
11
15
14
14
18
25
22
12
19
21
25
22
28
32
36
33
24
20
21
19
25
22
21
2O
20
2O
19
18
18
14
13
12
9
11
21
2O
18
18
12
13
13
9
12
13
17
L99
9
9
9
9
14
12
11
14
23
17
9
14
16
23
21
20
29
33
32
21
19
20
19
23
21
20
19
19
19
19
18
17
12
11
10
9
9
18
18
IS
17
9
9
9
9
9
11
IS
LftlH
S3
34
29
31
SI
51
57
67
54
7O
64
7O
69
77
64
72
53
68
51
46
39
72
41
39
53
38
34
41
37
58
34
4O
69
53
17
63
54
65
56
44
4O
36
45
43
43
59
41
58
Lmn
9
9
9
9
12
1O
9
9
22
13
9
9
13
22
20
19
25
31
30
20
19
18
18
21
2O
20
19
17
18
17
17
15
9
9
9
9
9
16
16
11
14
9
9
9
9
9
9
13
MET
8TD T H W
DEV (F) OC)
2.9 -
1.7 -
1.6 -
2. S -
4. 8 -
6. 9 -
7.O -
7. 4 -
6. 4 -
7. 2 -
7.7 -
6. 4 -
9. 1 -
7. 4 -
4.0 -
8.2 -
4.2 -
4. 0 -
2.6 -
4. 1 -
1.6 -
6. 1 -
2.5 -
2. 6 -
3. 6 -
1.3 - - -
l.O - - -
1.4 -
5.9 -
8. 2 -
7. 3 -
2. 3 -
6.0 -
4.2 -
11.8 -
6. 3 -
7. 1 -
3. 9 -
3.3 -
3.4 -
2. 4 -
3. 8 -
5.2 -
4. 1 -
4.6 -
5.3 -
2. 4 -
2. 4 -
E
a
• u
i
p
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
c
-------
PAGE It
06-F»b-a5
ui
in
T 8
A O « S D
Bi i n T A
u n i M
L N E T T
E D A E E
£1 A F 3 6/89
21 ft F 3 6/89
21 ft F 3 6/29
£1 ft F 3 6/29
£1 ft F 3 6/29
£1 ft F 3 6/29
£1 ft F 3 6/29
21 A F 3 6/29
21 A F 3 6/29
£1 ft F 3 6/29
21 ft F 3 6/29
21 ft F 3 6/29
21 ft F 3 6/29
21 ft F 3 6/29
21 A F 3 6/29
21 ft F 3 6/29
21 ft F 3 6/29
21 ft F 3 6/29
21 ft F 3 6/29
21 ft F 3 6/29
21 A F 3 6/29
21 A F 3 6/29
21 ft F 3 6/29
21 A F 3 6/29
22 A F 3 6/30
E2 ft F 3 6/30
22 A F 3 6/3O
22 ft F 3 6/30
22 A F 3 6/30
22 A F 3 6/30
22 A F 3 6/3O
22 A F 3 6/30
22 A F 3 6/3O
22 ft F 3 6/30
22 A F 3 6/3O
22 A F 3 6/30
22 A F 3 6/30
22 A F 3 6/30
22 A F 3 6/30
22 A F 3 6/30
22 ft F 3 6/30
22 A F 3 6/30
22 A F 3 6/30
22 A F 3 6/30
22 A F 3 6/30
SS A F 3 6/30
33 0 F 3 6/30
ea R F 3 e/ao
HOURS
OOOO-O1OO
01 OO-0200
O200-030O
O3OO-O4OO
040O-O500
050O-0600
O60O-O7OO
O7OO-O8OO
O8OO-O9OO
O9OO-1OOO
1OOO-11OO
11 OO-12OO
1200-130O
130O-14OO
1*OO- 15OO
1300-1600
1600-17OO
170O-180O
1800-1900
190O-2OOO
2OOO-21OO
21 OO-220O
2200-2300
23OO-OOOO
OOOO-O1OO
Ol OO-O2OO
0200-O30O
O30O-O4OO
O4OO-05OO
O5OO-O60O
O6OO-O7OO
O70O-O8OO
O8OO-O9OO
0900-1000
1OOO-UOO
1100-1200
12OO-13OO
1300-1400
14OO-1500
1300-1600
16OO-17OO
17OO-18OO
18OO-19OO
19OO-2OOO
2OOO-21 OO
21 OO-22OO
3200-2300
aaoo-oooo
Leq
21
23
2O
22
37
34
27
26
27
30
30
27
27
28
28
27
31
3O
29
35
34
30
32
24
27
27
24
2O
35
32
33
24
23
22
29
35
32
33
28
28
31
29
28
23
32
34
40
S3
L. Ol
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
-
—
—
—
—
•
L. 1
31
32
3O
31
sa
56
42
43
39
44
SO
42
42
46
43
42
49
47
46
SO
5O
51
48
38
36
37
31
26
54
51
58
43
43
40
49
55
49
53
4O
44
47
4O
45
38
44
43
52
31
LI
26
29
24
27
50
43
34
35
35
39
42
33
36
39
36
37
45
43
39
46
46
4O
44
32
33
32
28
24
49
45
35
33
36
35
44
46
42
42
36
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-------
PAGE 13
06-Feb-BS
T B
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25 ft F 4 6/26 E3OO-OOOO
26 ft F 4 6/27 OOOO-O1OO
£6 ft F 4 6/27 01OO-O20O
£6 ft F 4 6/27 O2OO-O3OO
£6 O F 4 6/27 0300-O40O
£6 ft F 4 6/27 04OO-050O
26 ft F 4 6/27 0500-060O
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£6 ft F 4 6/27 070O-OBOO
26 ft F 4 6/27 08OO-09OO
£6 ft F 4 6/27 09OO-100O
26 ft F 4 6/27 1OOO-1100
£6 ft F 4 6/27 1100-120O
26 ft F 4 6/27 12OO-13OO
£6 ft F 4 6/27 13OO-14OO
26 ft F 4 6/27 140O-15OO
£6 ft F 4 6/27 150O-16OO
26 ft F 4 6/27 160O-170O
£6 ft F 4 6/27 17OO-18OO
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1.3 77 26 -
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6/28 030O-O4OO
6/28 O4OO-050O
6/28 OSOO-O600
6/28 O6OO-O7OO
6/28 070O-08OO
6/28 0800-0900
6/28 O90O-10OO
6/28 1OOO-11OO
6/28 11 OO-12OO
6/28 1200-1300
6/28 130O-14OO
6/28 14OO-1SOO
6/28 1500-1600
6/28 1600-17OO
6/28 170O-1800
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6/29 0700-0800
6/29 08OO-O90O
6/29 0900-1000
6/29 100O-11OO
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47
49
49
4B
45
44
44
44
43
45
44
44
44
44
LSO
46
46
47
47
4B
47
46
46
43
44
44
44
44
43
43
43
43
44
44
44
45
46
46
46
46
46
47
47
48
48
47
45
44
44
43
44
44
43
43
43
44
-
L90
46
46
46
46
46
46
43
45
43
43
43
43
43
42
41
41
42
42
42
43
45
45
46
45
46
45
46
46
47
47
46
44
43
42
42
43
42
42
42
41
43
-
L99
45
43
43
46
45
45
44
44
43
42
42
42
41
39
4O
38
41
42
42
43
44
44
45
45
43
45
45
45
46
46
43
43
42
41
41
42
41
41
39
40
42
-
Lrux
30
49
50
50
65
57
64
61
63
73
62
61
61
59
66
80
61
73
58
67
57
SO
S3
49
49
49
SO
31
64
64
61
74
64
68
60
61
57
54
65
90
6O
-
Lmn
43
45
45
43
43
43
43
44
42
41
41
41
40
36
39
37
40
4O
4O
42
44
43
44
44
45
44
45
45
43
45
44
42
41
39
40
41
40
40
37
39
41
-
6TD
DEV
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
l.fl
1. 1
1.4
1.0
1.3
1.3
2.O
1.2
1.4
1.5
1.6
3.3
1.2
3. B
1.1
1.0
O.3
0.9
O.6
0.5
O. 4
0.6
0.8
0.7
.4
.6
.3
.4
.6
.8
.2
.6
.5
1. 1
1.7
4.6
1. 1
-
T
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
75
75
75
75
73
75
75
75
75
75
73
75
75
75
75
75
75
-
MET
H
<*>
_
-
.-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
32
3£
-
M
(V)
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
_
-
-
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
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-
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Q
I
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D
D
D
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0
0
D
D
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0
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
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D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
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0
0
O
D
D
D
D
D
D
-
-------
PAGE IS
06-Fab-aS
T
A
B
L
E
89
£9
89
£9
£9
£9
£9
£9
£9
£9
£9
£9
£9
£9
£9
£9
£9
£9
£9
£9
£9
£9
£9
£9
30
3O
30
30
30
3O
30
30
30
30
30
30
3O
30
3O
30
3O
3O
30
3O
30
3O
3O
3O
G
Q
U
N
D
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
ft
a
A
R
E
A
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
S
I
T
E
3
3
3
5
S
3
S
3
S
3
S
a
3
5
3
5
3
S
3
5
S
S
S
5
3
5
3
S
3
3
3
3
3
3
S
3
3
S
5
3
3
S
S
5
S
3
S
3
D
A
T
E
6/26
6/26
6/£6
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/26
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/£7
6/£7
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/27
6/g7
6/27
6/27
HOURS
OOOO-0100
oioo-oaoo
0200-030O
O3OO-04OO
O4OO-050O
O50O-O6OO
O6OO-O7OO
070O-OBOO
OBOO-O9OO
090O-100O
100O-11OO
11 OO-12OO
1 £00- 1300
130O-14OO
1400-13OO
1500-160O
1600-1700
170O-18OO
1800-1900
1 900-2000
20OO-21 OO
£1 OO-220O
2200-2300
E30O-OOOO
OOOO-0100
01 00-020O
0200-O3OO
0300-0400
04OO-OSOO
0500-060O
0600-O700
0700-oaoo
O8OO-O90O
090O-1OOO
1OOO-11OO
1100-1£OO
1 £00-1300
130O-14OO
14OO-15OO
130O-16OO
160O-17OO
17OO-IBOO
1BOO-19OO
19OO-£OOO
2OOO-21 OO
aioo-esoo
2200-3300
3300-0000
Leq L.Ol L.1
LI
LEVEL
L5 L1O L33 L30 L9O L99 LffiM
E
MET Q
U
8TD T H W I
Lmn DEV P
45
43
45
45
43
43
46
46
46
46
46
43
43
46
45
44
45
45
53
46
45
44
54
51
46
45
43
4*
44 -
53
49
49
46
47
46
46
47
47
4B
51
47
SO
54
54
56
50
S3
77
62
53
56
7O
57
55
54
sa
48
44
SO
47
47
46
46
46
46
47
47
47
48
46
47
52
51
50
49
51
6O
57
SO
SO
64
56
52
48
47
46
44
47
43
46
45
46
4fr*
46
47
47
46
47
46
46
50
47
47
47
48
51
48
48
45
59
34
49
46
46
45
««
46
45
46
45
43
46
46
46
46
46
47
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
47
46
46
43
57
33
47
46
46
43
44
44
44
45
45
45
45
43
46
46
46
46
45
43
45
45
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
51
51
45
43
45
/. /
44
44
45
44
44
43
45
46
46
45
46
45
45
44
44
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
47
49
45
44
45
43
43
42
43
44
43
43
44
45
43
44
43
45
44
43
44
43
41
42
4O
4O
41
42
41
41
46
44
43
44
42
43
42
42
43
43
43
44
44
43
43
44
45
43
43
43
42
39
4O
39
39
4O
4O
39
41
44
43
42
44
42
42
56
SO
51
SO
48
48
50
48
49
SO
53
50
67
68
60
63
S3
56
as
73
58
60
ai
62
SB
6O
S3
£4
4S
41
41
42
42
42
43
43
44
43
44
44
43
42
42
42
38
38
39
38
39
39
38
41
43
43
42
44
42
•42
1.3
0.9
o.a
0.7
o.a
0.6
O. 4
0.3
0.9
O. 6
0.7
0.7
0.9
i.a
1.3
e. a
1.7
2.4
4. O
2.8
2.2
1.8
6.4
2.9
1.7
1.2
o.a
1. 1
0. 4
•
7O
70
7O
70
70
41 -
41 -
41 -
41 -
41 -
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
e
-------
PAGE
OB—Feb-
T S
ft O ft 8
B U R I
L N E T
E D ft E
31 ft F 5
31 ft F S
31 ft F S
31 ft F 3
31 ft F 5
31 ft F S
31 ft F 5
31 ft F S
31 ft F 3
31 ft F 3
31 ft F 3
31 ft F 3
31 ft F 3
31 ft F 5
31 ft F S
31 ft F 3
31 ft F S
31 ft F S
31 ft F 5
31 ft F 5
31 ft F 5
31 ft F 3
31 ft F S
31 ft F 5
32 O F 5
32 ft F 5
32 ft F 5
32 ft F 3
32 O F 5
32 ft F 5
32 0 F 5
32 ft F 3
32 ft F 3
32 ft F 5
32 ft F 5
32 ft F 5
32 0 F 5
32 ft F 3
32 ft F 5
32 ft F 5
32 O F 5
32 ft F 3
32 ft F 5
32 ft F 3
32 O F 5
32 ft F 5
32 ft F 5
32 ft F 5
0
ft
T
E HOURS
6/28 OOOO-O1OO
6/28 0100-0200
6/28 0200-O3OO
6/28 03OO-O4OO
6/28 O400-O5OO
6/28 OSOO-O6OO
6/28 06OO-O7OO
6/28 O700-O8OO
6/28 0800-090O
6/28 O900-1000
6/28 10OO-110O
6/28 1100-1200
6/28 1200-1300
6/28 13OO-14OO
6/28 1400-1500
6/28 1500-1600
6/28 1600-1700
6/28 1700-18OO
6/28 1800-1900
6/28 1900-2000
6/28 2OOO-2100
6/28 21 OO-220O
6/28 2200-23OO
6/28 230O-OOOO
6/29 0000-0 10O
6/29 0100-0200
6/29 O2OO-O3OO
6/29 030O-04OO
6/29 O400-0500
6/29 050-O-O6OO
6/29 O6OO-0700
6/29 0700-O8OO
6/29 O8OO-09OO
6/29 09OO-10OO
6/29 1000-1 10O
6/29 11 00-120O
6/29 12OO-13OO
6/29 1300-14OO
6/29 14OO-1SOO
6/29 1500-16OO
6/29 1600-1700
6/29 17OO-1800
6/29 1800-1900
6/29 1900-2000
6/29 2000-2 1OO
6/29 2100-2200
6/29 220O-230O
6/29 2300-0000
Laq
45
44
44
45
43
45
44
44
41
43
45
48
44
43
44
49
44
50
41
43
44
45
43
45
45
45
43
45
46
47
46
43
45
44
47
49
45
42
43
46
44
45
45
43
45
44
45
45
L. 01
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
L. 1
46
43
46
47
47
58
47
S3
49
62
61
7O
S3
32
32
70
64
72
46
52
46
46
SO
46
46
47
47
46
49
52
50
52
50
51
60
68
54
SO
56
66
52
54
57
54
S3
50
47
46
LI
46
45
46
46
46
48
43
48
43
50
57
37
49
49
30
34
49
58
45
45
45
46
46
46
46
46
46
46
48
49
47
46
47
48
36
38
31
47
48
56
50
50
51
52
50
46
45
46
L3
45
44
46
46
45
46
45
44
43
43
SO
45
46
46
47
48
45
46
43
43
45
45
46
45
45 .
46
46
45
47
47
47
46
43
46
51
52
47
44
43
47
48
47
47
47
47
45
45
45
LEVEL
L1O
43
44
45
43
43
45
44
43
42
42
44
42
46
43
46
45
43
44
42
43
44
45
45
45
' 45
46
45
45
46
47
46
45
45
45
49
50
46
43
44
45
46
46
46
46
46
45
45
43
(dBO)
L33
45
44
43
43
44
44
44
43
42
4O
38
39
44
43
43
42
41
41
41
42
44
43
43
43
45
45
43
45
46
46
46
45
44
44
45
46
44
42
42
43
44
44
44
44
43
44
44-
4
LSO
44
43
44
45
44
44
43
43
40
39
38
38
43
42
42
41
40
4O
4O
42
44
45
43
45
45
45
43
45
45
46
46
45
44
43
44
45
43
41
42
42
43
44
43
44
43
44
44
44
LSO
43
43
43
44
43
43
43
42
38
38
37
37
41
38
39
38
38
38
39
41
43
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
45
45
45
44
43
42
42
42
41
39
40
40
41
42
42
43
43
43
43
43
L99
43
43
43
44
43
43
42
42
38
37
36
36
40
37
38
37
37
37
38
39
43
43
44
44
44
44
43
44
44
44
45
43
43
42
41
42
39
39
39
39
39
41
40
42
43
43
43
43
Lcnx
52
46
47
48
56
63
51
59
38
75
66
80
66
57
56
80
73
81
48
S3
47
34
52
54
47
48
48
47
51
61
52
57
54
S3
66
76
59
53
65
75
56
57
66
56
59
54
56
47
Linn
42
42
42
43
42
42
41
41
37
37
36
36
38
36
37
37
36
36
30
39
42
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
44
43
42
4O
41
41
38
38
38
37
38
41
39
42
42
42
42
43
STD
DEV
O.7
0.4
o. a
O. S
o. a
1.2
0.7
O. 9
1.8
2.4
4.2
3. B
i.a
2.6
2.5
3.6
2.6
3.7
1.3
1.1
O.6
O. 6
0.6
O. 4
0.4
O.6
0.7
o. a
O. 7
o. a
O. 3
O. 7
o.a
1.3
3.0
3.4
2.3
1.6
1.7
3.0
2.0
1.9
2.0
1.6
1.3
0.8
0.6
0.6
E
MET Q
U
T H W I
(F) (X) (V) P
- - - E
E
E
E
E
E
E
__r __± rr
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
^ M ^ C*
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
- - - E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
ff ^T |-*
-------
PftBE 17
Ofc-Feb-85
T S
ft O ft S
Bl 1 D T
UNI
L N E T
E 0 ft E
33 ft F 5
33 0 F 5
33 ft F 5
33 ft F 5
33 ft F 5
33 ft F 5
33 ft F 5
33 ft F 5
33 ft F 5
33 ft F 5
33 ft F 5
33 ft F 5
33 ft F S
33 ft F 5
33 ft F 5
33 ft F 5
33 ft F S
33 ft F 5
33 ft F S
33 ft F 5
33 ft F 5
33 ft F 5
33 ft F 5
33 0 F 3
34 ft F 5
34 ft F 5
34 ft F 5
34 ft F 5
34 ft F 5
34 ft F 5
34 O F 5
34 ft F 5
34 ft F S
34 ft F 5
34 ft F 5
34 ft F 5
34 0 F 5
34 ft F 5
34 ft F 5
34 ft F 5
34 ft F S
34 ft F 5
34 ft F S
34 ft F 5
34 ft F 5
34 ft F 5
34 A F S
34 ft F S
D
T
E HOURS
6/30 OOOO-O1OO
6/30 0100-0200
6/3O O2OO-O3OO
6/30 030O-04OO
6/30 0400-0500
6/30 05OO-O6OO
6/30 06OO-O70O
6/30 0700-080O
6/30 O800-O900
6/30 0900- 1OOO
6/3O 1000-1100
6/30 11OO-120O
6/3O 1200-13OO
6/30 1300-1400
6/30 1400-1500
6/30 1500-1600
6/30 1600-1700
6/30 1700-1800
6/3O 18OO-190O
6/30 1900-2OOO
6/3O 200O-2100
6/3O 21 OO-220O
6/30 22OO-23OO
6/30 2300-0000
7/1 OOOO-O1OO
7/1 0100-0200
7/ 1 0200-0300
7/ 1 0300-O400
7/1 O400-05OO
7/ 1 0500-060O
7/1 06OO-070O
7/ 1 07OO-08OO
7/ 1 O80O-09OO
7/1 0900-1000
7/1 1OOO-11OO
7/1 11OO-12OO
7/1 1200-1300
7/1 130O-140O
7/1 1400-1SOO
7/1 150O-160O
7/1 1600-1700
7/1 170O-18OO
7/1 18OO-19OO
7/1 19OO-2OOO
7/1 2000-2100
7/1 2100-££00
7/1 22OO— 23OO
7/1 23OO-OOOO
Leq
45
45
46
46
46
47
47
45
45
45
45
45
45
50
47
47
46
48
47
45
43
44
44
43
44
5O
52
47
46
46
46
47
49
49
48
47
45
45
47
45
44
SO
44
44
45
45
44
44
L. 01
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
-
—
—
L. 1
46
46
47
47
48
62
61
56
51
51
53
54
55
7O
61
60
60
63
56
55
46
46
49
45
45
60
64
39
55
57
56
57
59
59
54
S3
51
51
62
56
52
71
56
58
54
56
48
45
LI
46
46
46
46
47
5O
55
49
48
49
51
52
52
64
57
56
55
57
54
51
45
45
45
45
45
58
63
51
51
52
49
52
56
55
53
51
48
49
53
50
48
61
SO
SO
49
52
45
45
L5
45
46
46
46
46
47
49
46
46
47
48
49
49
SO
52
52
50
53
51
48
44
45
43
44
45*
56
59
48
48
48
47
SO
53
53
51
48
46
47
50
46
45
48
44
45
45
45
44
44
LEVEL
L1O
45
43
46
46
46
46
46
43
45
46
47
47
48
47
49
49
47
SO
SO
47
44
45
45
44
44
55
54
47
47
47
46
48
51
32
50
48
46
46
48
43
44
45
44
44
44
44
44
44
(d&ft
L33
43
45
45
46
46
46
45
45
44
45
45
44
44
43
45
45
43
47
47
44
43
44
44
43
44
46
48
45
46
45
43
46
48
49
48
46
45
45
45
44
43
44
43
43
44
44
)
L5O
45
45
43
43
45
45
44
44
44
44
44
43
43
42
43
44
42
43
43
43
42
44
44
43
44
44
46
45
43
43
43
45
46
46
47
46
45
44
44
44
43
43
43
43
44
44
44
43
L90
44
44
44
45
45
45
44
43
43
43
42
41
4O
39
40
42
40
42
43
42
41
43
43
42
43
43
45
44
44
44
44
44
44
45
45
45
44
43
43
43
42
42
42
42
43
43
43
43
L99
44
43
44
44
44
44
43
43
42
42
41
39
38
37
38
40
38
41
42
41
41
43
43
42
43
43
44
44
44
43
44
44
43
44
44
44
43
42
42
42
42
41
41
41
42
43
43
42
LMM
48
47
48
48
51
67
66
62
52
6O
61
57
57
77
64
64
63
63
57
37
30
49
52
46
47
64
71
64
57
61
6O
59
64
63
39
S3
57
34
70
63
SO
76
66
63
60
63
53
46
Lmn
43
43
43
44
43
44
42
42
41
41
4O
38
38
36
38
39
37
39
41
4O
4O
42
42
41
43
42
43
43
43
42
43
43
42
43
44
43
42
42
42
42
41
41
4O
41
42
42
42
42
MET
8TO T H U
OEV <*>
O.5 -
O.3 -
0. 3 -
0. 5 -
0.6 -
1.3 -
3. 1 -
1.1 -
1.1
1.6 -
2.2 -
2. 4 -
2.9 -
4.3 -
3. 8 -
3. 3 -
3.4 -
3. 4 -
2. 8 -
2. 1 -
o.e -
0. 6 -
0.7 -
0. 7 -
0.6 -
4. 3 -
4.4 -
.3 - - -
.4 -
.7 -
.1 -
.9 -
a. a -
3. 0 -
a. i -
.3 -
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A — — —
• ^
a. 4 -
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.2 -
3. 1 -
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0.9 - - -
o.e. - - -
E
Q
I
P
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
-------
PAGE ia
O6-Ft»b-B5
to
T S
ft Q ft S
B U R I
L N E T
E D 0 E
35 ft F 5
35 ft F S
35 ft F 5
35 A F 5
35 ft F 5
35 ft F 5
35 ft F S
35 fl F S
35 ft F S
35 ft F 5
35 ft F S
35 ft F S
35 ft F S
35 ft F S
35 ft F S
35 ft F S
•ler Q F H
-a« /\ p «=
36 ft G 6
3o Hub
•?t n ra c.
0
ft
T
E HOURS
7/2 0000-O10O
7/2 01 00-0200
7 /a 0200-0300
7/2 0300-0400
7/2 0400-050O
7/2 050O-O6OO
7/2 06OO-07OO
7/2 0700-OflOO
7/2 0800-0900
7/2 09OO-1OOO
7/2 1000-1100
7/2 110O-120O
7/2 1200- 130O
7/2 13OO-140O
7/2 1400-1300
7/2 1500-1600
7/p t 7f\<\ i Ann
•7 /p ooriA p^ftn
c/o-y _ _ ..
c /p-» _ _ _
6/27 1248-13O8
A/P7 — —
£/O7 _ _ ^
jr/o-T — _
c /pv — — — —
c yo-T _ _ _
A/P"7 — — — —
t/»7 _ — — _ —
Lsq L. Ol
45
45
45
45
45
48
45
44
43
40
56
4O
42
39
41
40
29. 5 49
L. 1
46
46
46
45
48
59
57
56
56
52
77
57
60
49
56
55
42
LI
45
45
45
45
47
55
51
50
SO
49
69
49
51
44
51
45
37
L5
45
45
45
45
46
52
46
45
44
42
50
43
43
41
42
41
34
LEVEL
L10
45
45
45
45
45
49
45
44
43
41
40
4O
41
40
41
40
• _
33
L33
44
44
44
44
45
46
44
44
42
39
37
36
39
39
39
39
-
LSO
44
44
44
44
45
45
44
43
42
38
36
36
39
38
39
38
26
L90
43
44
43
44
44
44
44
42
41
37
35
35
38
37
37
37
22
L99
43
43
43
43
44
43
43
41
41
36
35
34
36
36
37
37
2O
Lmx
47
47
47
48
49
64
63
60
64
56
87
62
78
52
64
61
48
Lwn
42
43
42
42
43
42
43
41
38
36
34
33
35
36
36
36
17.4
8TD
DEV
O.6
O. 5
0.6
0.5
O.6
2.7
1.3
1.4
1.6
2.2
5.9
2.9
2.4
1.9
2.2
1.6
4.2
T
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
58
MET
H U
(*> (V)
4O -
4O -
4O -
4O -
4O -
4O -
4O -
40 -
40 -
4O -
40 -
40 -
40 -
40 -
4O -
40 -
-
E
a
u
i
P
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
H
-------
PftBE 19
06-Feb-e5
*•
ui
T S
ft a ft 6
B U R I
L N E T
E D fl E
•7-7 ft R A
•2-7 one.
•7-7 ft fa A
37 ft B 6
•7-7 ft rj A
•7-7 ft R A
•7-7 ft ft A
*IA A R A
•>o r\ ft c
•an ft n A
"*A A R A
TEA Q n A
•an ft rt A
-aa ft R A
•5/1 A n A
"?A O K A
38 ft 0 b
•20 o n A
•aa Q fi A
D
0
T
E HOURS Laq L. Ol L. 1
6/20 1539-1557 30.9 43 41
6/30 1053-1813 42. 1 56 S3
LEVEL (dBfi) E
MET Q
| |
™ U
BID T H W I
LI LS L10 L33 LSO L90 L99 Lmx Lmn OEV IF) (*) (V) P
38 35 34 - ^a £5 28 42.9 IB. 3 3.6 - - - H
51 47 45 - 38 33 31 47.3 29.4 4.6 89 17 - H
-------
PflBE £0 OB-Fab-BS
T S
ADAS
D U R I
U N E T
E D A E
•20 A ft A
•aq f\ R A
•aq Q *a c
•30 Q ri fL
•aq rt la c
•2Q £J n A
•70 one
•2Q Q ra c
^a one.
•aq A R A
•20 A R A
39 A G 6
•»q /% o c
•aq Q n A
•aq o fa c
•aq £\ R A
-zq a n A
•aa Q R A
•aq Q n A
•aq Q o A
4O fl B 6
Af\ Q R A
Art n n A
D
A
T
E HOURS L0q L. Ot L. 1
~t j& _ ^
"7 /& _ ..
7/2 1103-1136 26.6 43 39
~i j d _ «.
7/21 1104-1129 3O. 3 S3 SI
•7/91 — — — — — —
LEVEL (dfiA) E
MET Q
8TD T H U I
LI LS L1O L33 L3O L90 L99 LMH Lwn OEV (F) <%)
-------
PAGE 21 Gfe-Feb-85
ui
T S
ADAS
Blip T
L N E T
E D ft E
A t A f3 "7
A i o n v
41 ft G 7
4c H U f
48 ft Q 7
42 ft Q 7
42 ft Q 7
D
T
E HOURS Leq L. Ol L. 1 LI
£ / QQ
6/29 1301-1341 39.7 57 49 46
c /oo _
6/3O 1407-1442 40. 3 53 Si 49
LEVEL E
MET Q
a a
BTD T H W I
LS L10 L33 LSO L9O L99 LMH Lwn DEV (F» «K» «V» P
•* — — — — — — _ — _ _ —
43 42 - 38 34 32 57. S 25. 4 3. 1 74 4O - H
^
46 44 - 37 32 30 55.6 26.3 4. 3 77 36 - H
-------
PfiQE 22 06-Feb-a5
T B
ADAS
Bll R I
L. N E T
E D O E
A*a /\ R ~j
A-» Q R 7
A-» Q R 7
A-» Q R 7
A-a 007
A-* n n 7
A1! Q R 7
A^ Q ra 7
A3 « Q 7
A1? n R 7
A^ n R 7
A-» o n 7
A-a Q B 7
A-2 Q R 7
A*3t a n 7
A-a Q R 7
A-3 Q R 7
A"2 O R 7
A-» Q R 7
/.-* f\ ra 7
A A rt f3 7
AA Q R 7
AA Q R 7
AA Q R 7
AA f\ R 7
44 a R 7
AA Q R 7
AA f\ R *7
4^ ft G 7
A A Q R 7
AA Q R 7
AA n n 7
D
T
E HOURS Leq L. Ol L.I
7/ 1 _ «. «. «
7/i 1254-1332 33.9 53 51
7/ 1 — — — —
7/1 — — _ _ _ .. «.
7/ 1 — _ -. _ —
7/p — — — _ —
7/2 1250-1325 40.3 58 56
7/i3 __ — -._ _ — —
LEVEL (dBft) E
MET Q
* MKM MM 1 1
BTD T H W I
LI US L10 L33 LSO L9O L99 LMM Lmn DEV <*) (V) P
44 39 34 - 29 27 27 35.7 2S. 4 B. 7 58 69 - H
- - t, - - - - - - _____
t
SO 47 42 - 31 28 27 58.6 26.2 6.4 81 51 - H
-------
PflGE 33 06-Feb-85
T S
ft 0 ft S
B U R I
L N E T
E 0 ft E
ACT Q re A
45 ft Q 8
4D H u a
4a H u a
A.K a o a
D
T
E HOURS Leq L. Ol L. 1
6/28 1330-1348 32. 0 46 44
F /on _
LEVEL (dBft) E
MET Q
STD T H U I
Li LS L1O L33 L5O L9O L99 Lrax Lmn DEV (F» <*) (V) P
37 34 33 - 31 3O 3O 45. S 83.9 S. 4 63 48 - I
46 ft Q 8 6/28 - - - - -.'- - - - - - - ----
46 ft 0 8 6/28 - - - - - - - - - - - -___
46 ft Q 8 6/28 ___ _ - _ - - _ _ _ _ _ _ ____
46 ft 8 a 6/28 - - - - - - - - - - - - -_-_
46 ft Q 8 6/28 - - • - - - - - - - - - - - -___
46 ft Q 8 6/28 - - - - - - - - - - - ____
46 ft Q 8 6/28 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
46 ft Q a 6/28 . - - - _ - - _ - - _ _ _ _ ____
46 ft G 8 6/28 - - - - - - - - - - - --_-
46 ft Q 8 6/28 - - - - - - - - - - - - ____
46 ft 6 8 6/28 - - - - - - - - - - - - ____
46 ft Q a 6/28 - • - - - - - - - - - - - - -___
46 ft B 8 6/28 - - - - - - - - - - - - ____
46 ft 6 a 6/28 - - - - - - - - - - - -___
46 ft Q 8 6/28 14O3-1423 36.1 57 51 46 4O 38 - 32 3O 3O 36.£ 29.3 3.S 61 -
46 ft S 8 6/28 - - - - - - - - - - - - ____
46 ft 6 8 6/28 - - - - - - - - - - - - -___
46 ft Q a 6/28 - - - - - - - - - - - - ____
46 ft Q 8 6/28 - - - - - - - - - - - - ____
46 ft Q 8 6/28 - - - - - - - - - - - - ____
46 A Q 8 6/28 - - - - - - - - - - - --__
46 ft G a 6/aa ------ - - - - - - - - - - - ____
AB R Q a e/aa - - - - - - - - - - - - -___
46 ft G 0 6/2B ------
-------
PflBE 2* OB-Fab-BS
00
T S
ft Q ft S
Bll R I
L N E T
E D ft E
47 a n A
47 a R A
47 a n A
47 a n A
47 Ck 13 A
47 a n A
47 a n A
47 Q F2 A
47 A 3 a
47 AHA
47 Q R A
47 ABB
47 a n A
47 a n A
47 Ana
47 A R A
47 Q R A
47 n B a
D
T
E HOURS Leq L. Ol L. 1
A/P<3 _---.___ _ — —
A/PQ ————— — — —
6/£9 1449-1529 35.7 47 47
6/PQ _____ _ _ _
LEVEL (dBft) E
MET Q
M ||
8TD T H U I
LI LS L1O L33 LSO L9O L99 LfflM Linn DEV (F) <*) (V) P
44 4O 39 - 33 29 23 48 2O 3.8 71 43 - H
48 ft Q 8 7/1 - - - - -.*- - - - - - - _____
48 O G 8 7/1 - - - - - - - - - - - - _____
46 ft B 8 7/1 - - - - - - - - - - - - _____
48 ft G 8 7/1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - _____
48 fl B 8 7/1 - - - - - - - - - - - - _____
48 fl G 8 7/1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - _____
48 O Q 8 7/1 - - - - - - - - - - - - _____
48 ft Q 8 7/1 - - - - - - - - - - - _ _____
480Q87/1 - - - - - - - - - - - - _____
48 Ft Q 8 7/1 1004-1126 36.4 49 47 44 41 4O - 33 27 26 SO 23 4.9 S3 83 - H
48 ft Q 8 7/1 - - - - - - - - - - - - _____
48 ft Q 8 7/1 - - - - - - - - - - - - _____
48 fl B 8 7/1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - _____
48 O Q a 7/1 - - - - - - - - - - - - _____
48 fl G 8 7/1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - _____
48 O Q 8 7/1 - - - - -.- - - - - - - _____
480687/1- - - - - - - - - - - - - _____
48 O Q 8 7/1 - - - - - - - - - - - _____
48 ft Q 8 7/1 - - - - - - - - - - - - _____
48 fl B a 7/1 - - - - - - - - - - - - _____
48 ft Q 8 7/1 - - - - - - - - - - - - _____
480(387/1 - - - - - - - - - - - _____
-------
POSE £5 06-Feb-a5
T e
ft 0 0 S
L N E T
E D O E
49 fi G a
DO Hoy
DO H u y
DO H U J
DO H u 17
50 R 6 9
SO ft 0 9
D
T
E HOURS Leq L. Ol L. 1
7/8 1448-1500 86.3 44 41
6/30 1557-1631 36. 3 S3 48
LEVEL (V) P
36 £9 87 - 84 83 88 33.8 89.3 8. 4 76 63 - H
«. »* — « —
.
43 41 39 - 33 89 86 39.8 19.5 4. i BO 41 - H
-------
PftGE 1 06-Feb-BS
Ul
o
T B
ft O ft 8 D
B U R I O
L N E T T
E D ft E E
51 R r a 7/e
51 ft F 9 7/2
51 ft F 9 7/2
51 A F 9 7/2
51 ft F 9 7/2
51 fl F 9 7/2
A F 9 7/2
51 fl F 9 7/2
51 fl F 9 7/2
51 fl r ^ //£
51 H F 9 7/2
51 fl r a //c
51 fl F a 7/c
51 H r y //c
51 ft F 9 7/2
Dl H r » //C
Dl H r 3 //C
Dl H r i* //£
fl r a 7/2
Dl fl r ^ 7/2
51 fl F 9 7/2
51 fl F 9 7/2
52 fl F 10 7/1
52 fl F 10 7/1
ac H r 1 O / / 1
DC H r 1O 7/1
52 fl r 1O //I
DC H r 1O 7/1
52 fl r 1O 7/1
52 H F 1O 7/1
52 A F 1O 7/1
52 fl F 1O 7/1
t»2 fl r 1O 7/1
52 fl F 10 7/t
5S H r 1O f / 1
52 ft F 1O 7/1
52 ft F 10 7/1
52 OF 1O 7/1
52 ft F 10 7/1
5£ ft F 10 7/1
52 ft F 10 7/1
52 ft F 1O 7/1
«=:-=• r\ C 1 f\ T t 1
HOURS Lsq L. Ol L. 1
1333-1609 32.0 55 47
,
1422-1448 36.2 49 48
LEVEL CdBft) E
MET Q
STD T H W I
LI L5 L10 L33 L50 L9O L99 LMM Lwn DEV (V> P
39 35 33 - 30 28 27 S3. 0 26.4 2. 4 73 54 - H
-
t
45 41 37 - 33 33 32 49.9 28. O 2. 7 56 73 - H
-------
PO6E 2
06-Feb-B5
ui
T S
ft Q ft S
Bl I D 7
U ft J.
L N E T
E D ft E
er-» rr CT 4
hJJ C. r &
*\"I CT IT 1
3*3 c. r i
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Ut3 t r J.
c-» cr cr i
D.3 t. r i
c;"> cr cr i
tJtl t r J
c-> IT cr i
JJ C. P A
B;-» cr cr i
u^ t. r i
•r-j cr cr i
Z>j t, r *
e:-2 cr cr i
Oo t r 1
S3 E F 1
53 E F 1
33 E F 1
53 E F 1
53 E F 1
53 E F
33 E F
53 E F
53 E F
53 E F
53 E F
53 E F
S3 E F
53 E F
54 E F 1
54 E F 1
54 E F 1
54 E F 1
54 E F 1
54 E F 1
54 E F 1
54 E F 1
54 E F 1
54 E F 1
34 E F 1
54 E F 1
54 E F 1
54 E F 1
54 E F 1
54 E F 1
54 E F 1
54 E F 1
54 E F 1
54 E F 1
54 E F 1
54 E F 1
54 E F 1
54 E F 1
D
T
LEVEL (dBft)
E HOURS Leq
v y t Q ArhAA— ft i ftA
r / 1 7 VU W *-» & \f\f
T/«a /VIrtrt /w7rt
7/19 O3OO— O4OO
•7/1Q rmnnnenft
v/iq ftfiftft ftvon
"7 / 1 Q A7A|1— rkAflft
f f Is VI W VOW
7/iQ nqnn inon
7/19 1000-1 1OO
7/19 11 OO-120O
7/19 12OO-13OO
7/19 1300-1400
7/19 1400-1500
7/19 1500-1600
7/19 1600-170O
7/19 170O-1BOO
7/19 1BOO-1900
7/19 19OO-2OOO
7/19 2000-2 10O
7/19 2100-22OO
7/19 2200-2300
7/19 230O-OOOO
7/2O OOOO-O100
7/2O Ol 00-02OO
7/2O O20O-O30O
7/20 030O-O4OO
7/2O O4OO-O3OO
7/20 OS6o-O6OO
7/20 060O-O7OO
7/2O 0700-OBOO
7/20 0800-0900
7/20 090O-10OO
7/2O 1000-1100
7/2O 11 OO-120O
7/2O 12OO-13OO
7/2O 130O-1400
7/20 1400-1500
7/20 15OO-16OO
7/20 1600-1700
7/20 1700-1 BOO
7/2O 1BOO-19OO
7/20 1900-20OO
7/2O EOOO-210O
7/£O 21OO-££OO
7/£O ££OO-£300
7/£O 230O-GQOO
-
31
34
33
36
36
35
29
29
29
25
27
39
44
44
39
34
31
29
22
33
47
54
30
39
33
34
43
44
31
32
39
29
48
32
27
32
48
43
L. Ol
48
45
51
SO
48
46
38
44
42
39
42
49
47
46
_
-
-
-
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
—
L. 1
4O
42
44
47
44
42
36
37
38
32
37
46
46
46
47
39
36
43
32
49
71
76
51
56
53
55
61
64
42
44
SB
43
67
47
44
52
55
43
LI
34
39
37
42
41
39
34
34
35
28
33
43
43
46
43
37
33
33
30
44
54
67
40
49
42
47
56
SB
39
40
31
38
61
43
38
41
54
45
L5
33
37
34
39
40
37
33
33
33
27
30
43
45
43
44. •
36
34
32
28
38
35
43
32
44
39
36
47
47
36
38
43
33
54
38
3O
34
5£
34
L1O
28
33
3O
33
35
34
£8
27
26
24
£3
33
44
45
43
36
33
31
26
36
31
41
29
41
37
33
41
42
34
36
39
31
46
31
27
32
51
34
L33
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
-
-
—
37
34
32
29
19
3O
24
34
23
35
26
28
33
31
30
31
31
£8
3O
23
£3
£9
4?
~ '
L5O
23
31
28
31
32
32
26
25
24
22
£1
£6
44
44
36
33
31
23
19
26
21
32
22
33
£3
£6
31
£B
28
£8
£9
£6
£6
£1
£2
27
4O
31
L9O
££
£4
£3
£3
£5
26
£3
22
20
20
19
21
39
38
31
£8
££
19
18
19
19
20
2O
£7
£0
£2
£3
23
23
£1
24
£2
£1
19
£0
£3
32
£7
L99
£1
22
22
21
23
23
££
£1
19
19
18
19
36
31
£8
£3
£O
19
18
IB
19
19
19
22
20
£1
23
22
£2
2O
21
£O
19
19
19
£1
£S
£4
Unix
34
48
58
60
30
S3
44
47
52
44
46
31
48
47
SO
41
38
32
33
34
79
78
36
57
61
37
66
71
46
32
64
48
71
31
32
60
07
51
Lmn
£0
£1
21
2O
£2
££
£0
£0
IB
IB
18
IB
32
23
£3
£1
19
18
17
IB
18
19
19
£0
19
£0
£1
£1
£1
19
£0
19
18
IB
IB
£O
£3
£1
STD
DEV
4.3
3.O
4.6
6. 1
3.2
4.2
3.7
4. a
3.O
3.0
4.3
a. a
2.2
3.3
3.9
3.2
4.3
4.6
3.1
6.2
6.3
9. 1
4.3
3.3
6.1
4.9
6.9
7.8
3.9
3.4
6.2
3.6
10.2
5.7
3.7
3.9
a. i
3. 3
T
33
53
S3
53
33
S3
S3
S3
33
S3
S3
S3
S3
S3
v
-
-
-
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
-
—
—
MET
H
(X)
89
89
89
89
89
89
89
89
89
89
89
89
89
89
_
-
-
-
_
—
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
_
—
E
Q
W I
IV) P
ft
0
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
"• ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
- ' ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
ft
-------
PAGE 3
O6-Feb-B5
Ul
10
T S
ft O ft B D
Bl | a r Q
U if 1 rl
L N E T T
E D ft E E
55 E F 1 7/21
53 E F 1 7/21
55 E F 1 7/21
55 E F 1 7/21
55 E F 1 7/21
55 E F 1 7/21
55 E F 1 7/21
53 E F 1 7/21
55 E F 1 7/21
55 E F 1 7/21
55 E F 1 7/21
55 E F 1 7/21
55 E F 1 7/21
55 E F 1 7/21
55 E F 1 7/21
55 E F 1 7/21
55 E F 1 7/21
55 E F 1 7/21
55 E F 1 7/21
55 E F 1 7/21
55 E F 1 7/21
55 E F 1 7/21
55 E F 1 7/21
55 E F 1 7/21
56 E F
56 E F
56 E F
56 E F
56 E F
56 E F
56 E F
56 E F
56 E F
56 E F
56 E F
56 E F
56 E F
56 E F
56 E F
56 E F
56 E F
56 E F
56 E F
56 E F
56 E F
56 E F
56 E F
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
56 E F 1 7/22
LEVEL (dBfl)
HOURS Leq
OOOO-O1OO
01 00-O2OO
O2OO-O30O
0300-O40O
O40O-O50O
050O-O6OO
06OO-07OO
O7oo-oaoo
O8OO-090O
O90O-1OOO
10OO-11OO
1100-1200
1200-13OO
1300-14OO
14OO-150O
15OO-16OO
1600-1700
i7oo-iaoo
1BOO-19OO
19OO-200O
2000-2100
21 00-220O
2200-2300
230O-OOOO
OOOO-O1OO
0100-O2OO
O2OO-030O
03OO-O4OO
04OO-O500
050O-O6OO
06OO-0700
070O-O8OO
oaoo-09oo
O90O-1OOO
1000-11OO
11 00-1200
1200-13OO
13OO-140O
1400-15OO
15OO-16OO
1600-170O
17OO-1BOO
180O-190O
19OO-20OO
20OO-21OO
21 OO-22OO
22OO-23OO
2300-OOOO
28
25
21
20
19
28
28
51
23
46
29
28
25
30
44
57
39
29
27
44
36
30
32
32
31
24
23
21
21
31
31
28
36
40
26
30
30
30
31
32
29
52
35
26
23
42
50
49
L. 01
41
36
37
28
24
43
47
72
35
63
38
43
41
48
70
79
58
46
40
62
49
44
41
39
39
36
35
34
32
47
45
51
56
6O
40
47
45
42
48
43
44
69
55
37
41
52
54
53
L. 1
33
30
27
25
2O
36
38
62
32
59
34
36
34
37
49
70
SO
39
35
53
46
39
37
37
37
31
29
27
26
42
36
36
52
54
35
42
42
40
43
4O
41
63
46
33
33
51
53
53
LI
3O
28
24
23
19
33
31
47
28
54
32
31
29
34
36
60-
42
33
33
50
41
36
35
35
36
28
25
23
23
37
31
31
35
42
31
31
35
36
36
38
33
58
37
31
26
5O
52
53
L5
30
27
22
21
19
31
29
34
23
48
31
29
27
32
34
48
40
31
3O
47
39
33
34
34
35.*
26
24
22
22
34
27
27
32
34
39
28
33
32
33
37
29
49
35
30
24
50
52
53
L10
28
26
19
19
19
26
22
26
21
30
28
26
24
29
31
38
33
27
23
37
35
28
32
31
29
23
21
20
20
28
22
22
23
26
23
25
25
25
27
29
25
30
3O
24
21
29
51
48
L.33
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
_
-
-
-
-
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
LSO
27
23
19
19
19
23
21
22
2O
26
£7
24
22
27
29
36
31
25
23
24
32
26
31
30
26
21
2O
20
20
24
21
21
21
23
22
24
24
23
25
25
24
25
26
23
19
24
50
43
L90
21
19
19
18
18
19
19
2O
19
21
23
21
20
22
23
3O
23
22
19
19
27
22
26
26
20
20
19
19
19
20
20
20
20
20
21
21
21
21
22
21
21
21
19
2O
18
18
34
31
L99
20
18
18
18
18
19
19
19
19
20
22
20
20
21
22
26
23
2O
19
IB
24
21
22
23
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
20
20
20
21
20
21
21
2O
20
2O
18
19
18
18
32
29
Lmx
47
38
4O
35
33
3O
53
78
39
65
32
48
46
32
73
83
61
48
56
73
56
32
50
SO
32
50
49
42
44
31
63
S3
59
64
43
SO
32
56
56
53
47
72
59
40
45
36
57
54
MET
8TD T H U
Lrnn DEV (F) (X) (V)
18 3.5 -
18 3.3 -
17 2. 1 -
17 1.4 - - -
13 0.3 - - -
18 4.7 -
18 4.2 -
18 8.9 -
18 2.7 -
19 10.O -
21 3.0 -
2O 3.6 -
19 2.9 -
20 4.0 -
21 5.1 -
24 9.0 -
22 5.8 -
19 3.8 -
18 4.3 -
17 11.3 -
23 4.8 -
19 4.4 -
20 3.2 -
2O 3. 0 -
18 5.4 -
18 2.8 -
18 2.2 -
18 1.7 -
18 1.5 -
18 5.7 -
19 3.7 -
18 3.7 -
19 6.O -
19 7.0 -
19 3.4 -
20 3.9 -
19 4.7 -
20 4.7 -
20 4.6 -
19 5.9 -
20 4.0 -
19 11.5 - - -
17 6.4 -
18 3.5 -
16 3.2 -
17 1O.9 -
29 6.6 -
22 8.8 -
E
Q
I
P
A
A
ft
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-------
PftGE 4
06-F*b-85
m
CJ
T S
ft 0 ft S
B U R I
L N E T
E D 0 E
57 E F I
57 E F 1
57 E F 1
57 E F 1
57 E F
57 E F
57 E F
57 E F
57 E F
57 E F
57 E F
57 E F
57 E F
57 E F
57 E F 1
57 E F 1
57 E F 1
57 E F 1
57 E F 1
57 E F 1
37 E F 1
57 E F 1
57 E F 1
57 E F 1
58 E F 1
58 E F 1
sa E F i
58 E F 1
58 E F 1
58 E F 1
58 E F 1
58 E F 1
58 E F 1
58 E F 1
S3 E F t
58 E F 1
58 E F 1
58 E F 1
SB E F 1
ba E F 1
58 E F 1
58 E F 1
58 E F 1
58 E F i
SB E F 1
aa E F i
58 E F 1
sa e F i
D
ft
T
LEVEL
E HOURS Leq
7/83 0000-0100
7/23 0100-0200
7/23 020O-03OO
7/23 03OO-O4OO
7/23 04OO-O50O
7/23 0500-0600
7/23 O6OO-O7OO
7/23 0700-0000
7/23 08OO-O9OO
7/23 09OO-1OOO
7/23 1000-1100
7/23 11OO-12OO
7/23 1200-130O
7/23 1300-1400
7/23 1400-13OO
7/23 150O-16QO
7/23 1600-17OO
7/23 1700-1BOO
7/23 1800-1900
7/23 1900-20OO
7/23 2000-2 1OO
7/23 £ 100-2200
7/23 2200-230O
7/23 23OO-OOOO
7/24 0000-0100
7/24 0100-0200
7/24 02OO-030O
7/24 0300-0400
7/24 0400-0500
7/24 05dO-O6OO
7/24 O600-O70O
7/24 07OO-OaOO
7/24 O80O-O90O
7/24 090O-10OO
7/24 1OOO-110O
7/24 11 OO-120O
7/24 1200-13OO
7/24 130O-14OO
7/24 1400-150O
7/24 1500-1600
7/24 1600-1700
7/24 1700-1800
7/24 180O-190O
7/24 19OO-2OOO
7/24 EOOO-21OO
7/24 S1OO-22OO
7/£4 £200-3300
7/S4 E3OO-OOOO
43
32
30
26
21
27
26
35
25
44
41
25
36
56
34
25
29
31
28
22
24
26
28
23
21
21
21
2O
2O
£6
27
24
23
29
26
31
34
29
28
33
32
35
38
4O
31
26
33
as
L. 01
46
39
43
42
29
42
44
56
43
65
62
36
58
79
47
39
49
41
45
37
42
42
41
33
25
24
23
23
23
43
44
45
42
50
41
49
54
42
44
54
42
43
55
51
44
39
53
36
L. 1
46
36
35
36
27
37
38
49
32
57
55
33
45
66
43
33
41
39
35
28
34
36
32
30
23
22
22
21
21
33
39
32
30
4O
31
41
47
37
33
41
40
41
44
46
39
34
42
32
LI
45
34
34
29
24
32
30
33
27
45
33
30
36
50
39
27
31
37
27
23
26
29
31
23
22
22
21
20
20
30
29
25
25
3O
29
34
34
33
32
34
36
38
41
43
35
29
32
31
L3
45
34
34
27
22
30
26
29
24
34
31
28
34
48
37
23
29
35
24
22
23
26
31
24
21.
21
2O
20
20
28
26
23
23
27
28
31
29
31
30
32
34
37
40
42
33
27
31
3d
L10
44
33
29
24
19
24
21
21
20
22
23
23
30
41
33
23
24
29
2O
20
2O
22
29
22
• 2O
20
2O
2O
20
22
21
21
21
24
25
28
24
27
27
29
31
34
37
4O
3O
24
as
£©
L33
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
—
_
•-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
—
L50
44
29
28
21
19
22
20
20
20
21
21
22
24
38
31
22
22
25
2O
20
20
2O
27
21
20
20
2O
20
2O
21
21
20
21
23
24
28
23
25
23
27
29
33
35
38
28
23
aa
S7
L90
29
23
21
19
18
19
19
19
19
20
20
2O
20
26
24
2O
21
20
19
19
19
19
22
2O
19
2O
20
19
19
2O
2O
2O
2O
21
22
23
21
21
21
23
23
30
32
33
23
22
£3
S3
L99
23
20
19
18
18
18
19
19
19
19
2O
20
19
22
22
20
2O
19
19
19
19
19
2O
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
2O
21
22
22
2O
2O
21
22
21
27
30
3O
22
21
at
21
Lmx
47
42
43
43
31
47
51
59
37
71
68
41
64
86
53
31
33
45
64
45
48
45
43
40
3O
32
28
28
28
52
51
S3
48
53
44
34
39
32
48
39
44
46
71
71
SO
54
53
AS
Lmn
2O
19
18
17
17
18
18
IB
16
19
19
19
IB
20
21
19
19
19
18
18
18
18
19
19
19
IB
19
19
18
18
19
19
19
20
21
21
19
20
2O
21
20
26
29
29
21
20
£O
PC*
8TD
DEV
7.0
4. 1
4.3
3.9
1.9
4.6
3.9
5.5
2.7
8.2
6.8
3.2
6.1
9. 1
3.O
2.4
3.9
3.3
3.1
1.7
2.8
3.6
3.3
2.2
O.8
O.7
O.3
0.5
O.3
3.6
3.6
2.3
2.0
3.3
2.3
3.9
4.9
3.8
3.8
3.9
4.3
2.7
3. 1
3.6
3.8
2.6
3.6
9. !S
E
MET Q
^^_fll.v_— KM VMKI 1 I
T H M I
DEV <*>
-------
PAGE S
OB-Feb-as
m
T B
A O ft S
B U R I
L N E T
E D ft E
59 E F 1
59 E F 1
59 E F 1
59 E F 1
59 E F 1
59 E F 1
59 E F 1
59 E F 1
59 E F 1
59 E F 1
59 E F 1
59 E F I
59 E F I
59 E F 1
59 E F 1
59 E F 1
59 E F 1
59 E F 1
59 E F 1
59 E F 1
59 E F 1
59 E F 1
59 E F 1
59 E F t
60 E F 8
6O E F 2
GO E F S
6O E F 2
6O E F 2
60 E F 2
6O E F 2
6O E F 2
60 E F 2
60 E F 2
60 E F 2
60 E F 2
6O E F 2
60 E F 2
60 E F 2
6O E F 2
6O E F 2
60 E F 2
60 E F 2
60 E F 2
60 E F 2
60 E F 2
6O E F 2
6O E F 2
D
0
T
E
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
HOURS Leq L
OOOO-O1OO 28
01 OO-020O 24
020O-O300 22
030O-O40O 22
0400-O500 22
0500-0600 25
0600-0700 26
070O-080O 35
OQOO-O900 34
09OO-1OOO 32
1OOO-110O 36
11 OO-12OO 4O
1200-1300 -
1300-1400 -
14OO-150O -
150O-16OO -
16OO-17OO -
17OO-18OO -
1 BOO- 1900 -
19OO-2OOO -
20OO-21 OO -
2100-2200 -
220O-23OO -
230O-OOOO -
OOOO-01OO -
01 OO-020O -
O200-O3OO -
030O-O4OO -
O400-050O -
050O-060O -
06OO-O700 -
070O-O8OO -
OBOO-O900 -
09OO-1OOO -
1000-1100 40.5
1100-1200 39. 1
1200-1300 41.3
13OO-14OO 41.6
1400-15OO 42.8
15OO-16OO 4O. 9
1600-1700 38.8
17OO-1BOO 39.2
180O-190O 39.0
1900-2OOO 38.2
2OOO-21 OO 39.3
21 OO-220O 38.9
2200-23OO 39.0
2300-0000 39.0
..01
34
34
31
31
30
42
43
47
45
44
52
51
49
51
51
SB
SO
48
48
47
51
44
48
40
40
4O
L. 1
32
3O
26
24
24
32
36
42
41
40
47
47
45
45
47
45
48
45
43
43
42
40
42
39
39
39
LEVEL
LI L5 HO L33
31 30 28
27 26 24
24 23 21
22 21 21
22 22 21
29 28 23
28 25 22
39 38 35
38 36 32
35 33 30
40 38 33
43 42 4O
42
41
44
43
46
43
4O
41
40
39
4O
39
39
39
. •
42
40
43
42
45
42
39
40
39
38
40
39
39
39
4O
38
41
40
43
41
38
39
38
38
39
39
39
39
L50
27
23
21
21
21
21
22
33
31
30
30
38
39
38
40
39
41
4O
38
38
38
38
38
38
39
39
L9O
21
21
21
2O
21
21
21
22
27
26
24
35
38
37
37
37
38
38
37
37
37
37
38
38
38
38
L99
21
21
2O
20
20
20
21
21
25
25
23
34
37
36
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
38
38
L«x
43
39
39
41
4O
49
48
57
54
54
56
61
56.3
59.8
57. 1
71.4
56.4
53.2
54.8
50.5
55.2
46. S
34.3
41. 1
40.6
51.7
Lmn
2O
20
2O
2O
20
20
20
21
23
24
22
32
36.2
36. O
36.2
36.2
36.2
36.2
36.1
36. O
36.2
37.0
37.2
37.2
37.2
37.2
STD
DEV
3.&
2.3
1. 1
0.7
O.6
3.O
2.9
5.9
3.S
3.0
3.3
2.7
1.6
1.7
2.4
2.1
2.7
1.7
1. 1
1.4
1. 1
O.S
1.0
0.5
O. 4
0.4
T
(F)
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
49
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62 .
62
MET
H U
1OO -
1OO -
10O -
10O -
100 -
1OO -
IOO -
100 -
IOO -
IOO -
100 -
100 -
85 -
85 -
85 -
85 -
83 -
85 -
85 -
85 -
85 -
65 -
83 -
85 -
85 -
85 -
E
Q
U
I
P
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
-
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
-------
P06E 6
06-F«b-85
ui
ui
T S
fi O ft 8
Blip T
u n 4
L N E T
E D ft E
61 E F 2
61 E F 2
61 E F 2
61 E F 2
61 E F 2
61 E F 2
61 E F 2
61 E F 2
61 E F 2
61 E F 2
61 E F S
61 E F 2
61 E F 2
61 E F 2
61 E F 2
61 E F 2
61 E F 2
61 E F 2
61 E F 2
61 E F 2
61 E F 2
61 E F 2
61 E F 2
61 E F a
62 E F 2
62 E F 2
62 E F 2
62 E F 2
62 E F 2
62 E F 2
62 E F 2
62 E F 2
62 E F 2
62 E F 2
62 E F 2
62 E F 2
62 E F 2
62 E F 2
62 E F 2
62 E F 2
62 E F a
62 E F 2
62 E F 2
62 E F 2
62 E F 2
fee E F 2
63 E F 3
£2 E F 2
D
T
LEVEL (dBA)
E HOURS Leq L. Ol
7/2O OOOO-01OO
7/2O 01 OO-O2OO
7/2O O200-0300
7/2O 030O-O4OO
7/2O O40O-OSOO
7/20 050O-O60O
7/20 060O-07OO
7/2O 07OO-O8OO
7/30 OBOO-090O
7/2O 09OO-10OO
7/20 1000-1100
7/20 1100-iaOO
7/ao 1200-1300
7/20 130O-14OO
7/2O 1400-1500
7/2O 1300-16OO
7/20 16OO-17OO
7/20 1700-18OO
7/20 18OO-1900
7/20 190O-2OOO
7/20 2000-21 oo
7/£0 21 00-220O
7/20 2200-2300
7/2O 23OO-OOOO
7/21 OOOO-O1OO
7/21 0100-0200
7/21 0200-0300
7/21 03OO-O40O
7/21 0400-OSOO
7/ai OSOO-0600
7/21 0600-0700
7/21 0700-0800
7/21 O8OO-090O
7/21 O90O-1OOO
7/21 1OOO-11OO
7/21 11OO-120O
7/ai laoo-isoo
7/21 130O-140O
7/21 1400-1500
7/21 15OO-16OO
7/21 1600-17OO
7/21 1700-1800
7/21 18OO-190O
7/ai 19OO-2OOO
7 /a i aooo-etoo
7/ei aioo-eaoo
7/21 S3OO-E3OO
7/21 S3OO-0000
38.3
39.0
39. a
39. O
39. a
39. 1
55.4
47.6
41.6
56.9
60.8
62. a
55.7
59.3
62.9
62.0
32.7
61.7
59. 0
39.4
39. O
38.8
38.8
38.8
39. O
39.2
39. a
39. 1
39.3
39.8
59.7
39. 1
59.8
59. 1
55. O
60.8
58. 1
58.9
59.4
65.0
60.9
59. O
58. 7
39. 1
39. a
3B. a
38.9
3B- a
39
39
40
39
42
45
76
67
S3
80
79
78
73
76
78
81
73
81
80
50
46
43
43
42
40
4O
40
40
46
55
79
44
78
74
73
77
78
74
77
80
74
78
79
48
SO
47
39
-•» P
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
- - B
B
B
B
B
- - B
B
B
B
- - B
B
B
— «• B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
- - B
B
- — B
-------
P«6E 7
06-Feb-B3
Ul
T S
R O R S
B U R I
L N E T
E 0 ft E
63 E F E
63 E F 2
63 E F 8
63 E F 2
63 E F 8
63 E F 2
63 E F 2
63 E F 2
63 E F 2
63 E F 2
63 E F S
63 E F 2
63 E F 2
63 E F 2
63 E F 2
63 E F 2
63 E F 2
63 E F 2
63 E F 2
63 E F 2
63 E F 2
63 E F 2
63 E F 2
63 E F 2
64 E F 2
64 E F 2
64 E F 2
64 E F 2
64 E F 2
64 E F 2
64 E F 2
64 E F 2
64 E F 2
64 E F 2
64 E F 2
64 E F 2
64 E F 2
64 E F 2
64 E F 2
64 E F 2
64 E F 2
64 E F 2
64 E F 2
64 E F 2
64 E F 2
64 E F 2
64 E F 2
64 E F 2
0
«
T
E HOURS Laq L.O1
7/22 OOOO-01OO
7/22 01 00-O200
7/22 020O-O30O
7/22 030O-O4OO
7/22 O400-O500
7/22 O5OO-O6OO
7/22 06OO-0700
7/22 0700-080O
7/22 O80O-090O
7/22 09OO-10OO
7/22 1OOO-11OO
7/22 11 OO-12OO
7/22 1200- 130O
7/22 1300-14OO
7/22 1400-1500
7/22 150O-16OO
7/22 1600-170O
7/22 170O-1800
7/22 1800-1900
7/22 1900-2000
7/22 2000-2 10O
7/22 2100-2200
7/22 2200-2300
7/22 2300-OOOO
7/23 OOOO-01OO
7/23 0100-0200
7/23 O20O-0300
7/23 03OO-O4OO
7/23 04OO-O50O
7/23 0500-O6OO
7/23 O600-0700
7/23 070O-OBOO
7/23 O8OO-O9OO
7/23 O900-1000
7/23 1000-11OO
7/23 1100-1200
7/23 1200-1300
7/23 130O-140O
7/23 140O-15OO
7/23 1500-1600
7/23 16OO-17OO
7/23 17OO-180O
7/23 1800-1900
7/23 19OO-2OOO
7/23 2OOO-2100
7/23 21 OO-22OO
7/23 2200-2300
7/23 230O-OOOO
38.8
38.9
39.6
38.9
39.0
39.9
57.9
43.3
66.8
64. 1
62. O
56.5
42.7
55.8
47. O
58.7
60. 1
58.8
61. O
38.0
39.0
39.3
39.4
38.7
38.6
38.6
38.5
38.6
39. O
38.9
46.7
53.6
49.7
57.7
52.3
56.4
56.5
68. 1
48.8
39.2
38.8
38.6
42. 1
38.6
38.7
38.7
38.8
39.7
39
39
39
39
42
55
79
6O
82
81
80
77
61
68
67
76
79
77
82
46
52
51
4O
4O
39
39
39
39
47
43
64
75
68
79
70
77
77
84
66
43
43
40
65
44
44
39
41
43
L. 1
39
39
39
39
40
44
71
57
80
76
73
69
54
65
59
70
72
70
70
40
45
44
4O
4O
39
39
39
39
41
40
60
68
62
70
65
67
67
82
60
41
41
39
42
41
4O
39
39
41
LEVEL
LI LS L1O
39
39
39
39
39
40
62
41
73
70
67
60
45
62
47
64
64
65
64
38
40
39
4O
39
39
39
38
39
39
39
46
SO
55
6O
58
61
62
71
58
40
40
39
38
39
39
39
39
40
39
39
39
39
39
39
58
39
66
67
65
56
42
60
43
61
61
61
59
38
39
39
4O
39
38
38
38
38
39
39
40
39
SO
58
55
57
58
62
40
39
39
38
38
38
39
39
39
40
38
38
38
38
39
39
39
39
54
51
57
41
39
54
4O
55
55
51
42
38
38
39
39
38
.'38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
48
38
49
43
56
39
39
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
40
L33
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
LSO
38
38
38
38
38
39
39
39
41
41
SO
38
38
43
39
52
52
44
39
37
38
33
39
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
37
45
39
49
38
39
38
38
38
38
38
38
30
39
LSO
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
39
39
38
38
37
37
37
37
38
38
37
37
37
37
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
37
37
37
38
38
39
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
38
MET
8TD T H W
L99 Lmx Lmn DEV (F) «>
38 4O.6 37.2 0. 3 -
38 42.7 37.2 0.3 -
38 40.2 37.2 0.3 -
38 4O. 1 3O. O 0. 3 -
38 44.9 37. 2 O. 5 -
38 61.3 37. 2 1.2 -
38 Bt. 6 38. 2 8. O -
38 63.3 38.2 2.7 -
38 84. £ 37.2 12. 1 -
37 84. 1 36. 2 11.8 -
37 82.4 37. O 10. 6 -
37 79.8 36.2 7.9 89 »7 -
36 63. 7 36. 1 3. 2 -
36 71. 1 36. 1 9.4 -
36 71.2 35.2 4.2 -
37 78.3 36.2 8.5 -
37 80.9 36.2 9.0 -
37 79.7 36. 2 9.8 -
37 98.7 36.2 9.3 -
37 51.2 36.2 0.6 -
37 56.5 37. 0 1.4 -
37 58.3 37.2 1.2 -
38 41.5 37.2 0. 6 -
37 41.7 37.2 0. 5 -
38 40.4 37.2 0. 3 -
37 40.2 37.2 0.3 -
37 40. 7 37. 2 0. 1 -
38 42.7 37.2 0.3 -
38 51.8 37.3 0.7 -
38 47. 0 37. 2 0. 5 -
38 67. 8 37. 2 4. 1 -
38 77.9 37.2 5.3 -
37 70. 1 36. 2 5. 8 -
37 82.3 36.2 8. 8 -
36 74.6 35. 2 7.8 -
37 84.2 36.2 7.9 -
37 84. 1 37. 2 8. 5 -
38 88.9 38.2 10. 7 -
37 71. 1 67. 2 5.3 -
37 52.0 37.2 0.7 -
37 47.7 37. 2 0.7 -
37 43.0 37.2 0.3 -
38 68. 9 37. 2 1.5 -
37 47.3 37.2 0.6 -
38 53.7 37. 2 0.6 -
38 43.2 37. 2 0.3 -
38 44.6 37.2 0. 3 -
38 45.2 37. 2 0.8 -
E
Q
U
I
P
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
-------
PAGE 6
06-Feb-85
ui
T S
ft O ft G
Bi i n f
U If 1
L N E T
E D A E
65 E F 2
65 E F 2
65 E F 2
65 E F £
65 E F 2
65 E F 2
65 E F 2
65 E F 2
65 E F 3
65 E F 2
65 E F 2
65 E F 2
65 E F 2
65 E F 2
65 E F 2
65 E F 2
65 E F 2
65 E F 2
65 E F 2
65 E F 2
65 E F 2
65 E F 2
65 E F 2
65 E F 2
66 E F £
66 E F 2
66 E F 2
66 E F 2
66 E F 2
66 E F 2
66 E F 2
66 E F 2
66 E F 2
66 E F 2
66 E F 2
PA F F P
CO C r b
ec F F P
CD C. r C
AA F F P
CD C. r C
AA F F P
CD t r C
AA F F P
CD C. P C
AA F F P
CD c. r c
CA F F P
CD C. r C
AA F F P
CD C. ~ C
t A F F P
CD C r C.
AA F F P
CD C. ~ C
C C. F F P
CD t. r c
£.6 E F 2
c e c IT £?
D
T
E
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7/25
7 /PS
f / Cbl
7 /PS
f / £.tJ
7 /PS
» / ChJ
7 /PS
/ / dJ
7 /PS
* / ChJ
7 /PS
/ / *^r°
7 /PS
» * bhJ
7 /PS
f r CM
7 /PS
r / C*£
7 /PS
/ / ChJ
-7 ys**^
LEVEL 1 SAA
X "f W X »JW
1 SAA— 1 AAA
X w W X O \J\J
1 AAA— 1 7AA
X O W X f \J\J
1 7AA— 1 AAA
X f W X OW
1BOO— 19OO
1 <5AA— PAAA
X i*W G.VW
2OOO— 2 i OO
PI AA— PPAA
C X W b&vf *.'
»*lr!ril/™<^i
41.3
43.0
44.5
44. S
44.9
45. O
45. O
57.3
47.1
50.2
48.6
44.4
47.8
46.7
49. 1
61.2
46.8
57.3
53.3
40. a
42.2
43.3
44.5
44.6
44.6
44.6
44.7
44.8
44.8
45. 1
45.4
43.5
45.5
43.6
47.6
44
45
45
45
46
51
48
75
65
66
64
62
63
62
65
83
62
76
73
55
54
46
46
43
45
45
45
45
46
50
51
51
53
54
64
L. 1
42
44
44
45
45
46
45
71
57
61
60
57
60
58
60
72
sa
68
66
43
46
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
45
46
47
47
48
50
53
LI
42
44
44
45
45
45
45
63
45
57
55
46
55
54
55
63
53
62
57
41
43
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
46
46
46
46
46
48
L5
42
44
44
44
43
45
45
32
45
34
52
42
5O
SO
53
58
50
57
52
41
42
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
46
46
46
46
46
48
L1O L33
41
43
44
44
44
44
44
45
45
44
40
38
39
39
42.
54
4O
51
4O
40
42
43
44
44
.-44 -
44
44
44
44
44
45
45
45
45
46
L50
41
42
44
44
44
44
44
54
44
42
39
38
38
37
37
51
39
49
39
4O
41
43
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
45
43
43
45
46
L90
4O
41
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
41
38
37
37
36
36
38
37
41
38
38
40
42
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
43
L99 Lmx Lam
38 45.7 38.2
41 45.9 38.2
44 47.0 41.2
44 47. O 43.2
44 48.0 44.1
44 37.0 43.2
44 51.7 44. £
44 77.4 44.2
44 69.3 42.2
40 70.8 40.2
37 65.9 36.2
37 68.6 36.2
37 67. 1 36. 2
36 63.3 33.2
36 69.2 34.2
36 86.8 36.2
37 66.4 36.2
39 81.4 38.2
38 77.8 37.2
38 58.1 37.2
40 60. 3 40. 1
41 53. 1 41.2
43 38.7 48. 2
44 53. 1 43. 2
44 32.6 43.2
44 53.6 43.2
44 32.7 43.2
44 31.1 44.1
44 S3. 1 44.0
44 53.4 44.0
44 34.7 44. 1
44 57.8 44. O
44 58.7 44.0
44 38.3 43.2
45 7O. 8 43.2
BTD
DEV
0.7
0.9
O.2
0.2
O.O
O.O
O.O
5.9
2.O
3.2
3.8
3.8
5.6
5.3
£.9
8.2
3.3
6.8
6.4
1.5
l.S
0.8
O.O
O. 2
0.2
0.7
0.7
0.7
O. 7
O. 4
0,6
O. 7
0.7
0.9
1.6
T
(F)
_
_
-
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
31
31
31
51
31
31
31
31
51
31
31
MET
H W
-------
PflGE 3
CD
T
A
B
L
E
67
67
67
67
67
67
67
67
67
67
67
67
67
67
67
67
67
67
67
67
67
67
67
67
68
68
68
68
68
6B
68
68
68
68
68
60
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
68
S
a
U
N
D
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
e
E
E
E
0
R
E
A
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
S
I
T
E
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
0
n
T
E
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/19
7/2O
7/20
7/2O
7/20
7/2O
7/20
7/20
7/20
7/20
7/20
7/20
7/20
7/20
7/20
7/20
7/20
7/2O
7/20
7/20
7/20
7/2O
7/2O
7/20
7/20
HOURS Laq
OOOO-01OO
01 00-020O
O200-030O
03OO-O400
04OO-O500
0500-0600
060O-O7OO
0700-oaoo
OBOO-090O
O90O-10OO
1000-110O
11 00-12OO
1200-13OO
1300-1400
140O-1500
1SOO-16OO
16OO-17OO
17OO-180O
18OO-19OO
19OO-2OOO
2OOO-21 OO
2100-2200
2200-2300
2300-0000
OOOO-0100
01 OO-O20O
O20O-O30O
O30O-0400
O40O-O500
O50O-O6OO
0600-0700
070O-0800
O8OO-O900
090O-10OO
1OOO-11OO
11 OO-1200
1200-13OO
1300-14OO
14OO-15OO
1500-1600
160O-17OO
170O-1800
18OO-19OO
1900-2OOO
2OOO-21 OO
21 00-220O
2EOO-23OO
2300-OOOO
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
27.
33.
29.
28.
28.
35.
37.
33.
35.
39.
42.
41.
43.
42.
29.
24.
39.
26.
SO.
37.
44.
41.
42.
41.
44.
42.
41.
43.
42.
39.
44.
32.
35.
34.
31.
26.
3
3
5
3
9
3
2
7
1
a
4
7
3
1
6
2
3
7
1
7
S
S
9
0
£
8
O
9
0
1
5
1
3
a
3
4
L. 01 L.I
LEVEL(dBA)
LI L5 L10 L33 LSO L9O L99 Lrnx Lmn
E
MET Q
U
STO T H W I
DEV (F) «> (V) P
39
49
42
41
41
51
48
42
46
SO
50
54
54
51
44
32
61
43
72
58
63
60
60
57
63
60
61
62
6O
58
62
45
SO
45
40
38
•
35
43
37
38
37
45
44
39
42
47
48
51
SO
49
35
29
51
36
63
52
57
53
55
S3
56
55
32
55
54
53
56
41
42
42
37
33
30
38
33
31
32
40
41
37
39
45
46
47
46
47
33
27
36
31
49
38
48
46
49
48
49
49
42
48
48
44
51
37
39
38
35
30
29
36
31
29
30
38
39
36
37
44
45
44
46
46
31
26
28
27
42
28
45
42
45
44
45
44
4O
45
43
36
46
35
37
37
34
29
26
30
28
26
28
33
36
33
35
38
43
41
.'44
43
29
24
23
23
34
23
38
36
28
31
36
34
35
4O
32
26
34
30
35
34
31
26
25
28
27
25
26
31
35
32
33
37
41
39
43
38
28
23
22
23
31
23
35
34
25
25
34
32
33
37
29
24
31
29
34
33
29
25
24
24
25
24
25
27
32
27
3O
32
28
29
29
27
25
22
22
22
23
22
22
25
23
23
31
28
26
31
£3
19
25
24
28
28
25
18
23
23
23
23
24
25
31
25
27
27
23
24
25
25
24
22
22
22
22
22
22
23
22
22
28
25
25
29
22
17
23
22
34
24
22
16
47.2
54.8
47. 1
50.9
50.7
57.2
55.7
53.9
53.3
54.4
58.3
53.8
55.8
52.8
50.2
36. O
69.7
52.5
76.4
65.7
66.9
65.9
64.2
62.2
72.5
63.4
68.2
67.2
66.9
63.7
70.8
S3. 5
55.8
49.4
51.5
44.3
82. 1
22. O
22. 1
22.1
£3.1
£5.0
£9. 1
24.1
£6. 1
£5. 1
£2. 1
£3.0
£3.1
£3. 1
£3. 1
£1.1
£1.7
£1. 1
22. 1
£2.0
£1.1
£2. 1
22.3
22.1
£7. 1
£4. 1
23. 1
£6.0
2O. 1
16. 1
21. 1
£1.0
£2. 1
£2.1
20. 1
13.0
2. 4
4.7
2.8
£.8
8.7
4.2
£.7
3.4
3.0
4.8
6.7
6.4
6.8
7.3
2.6
1.7
5.S
3. O
8. 1
5.6
a. 4
6. a
9. 1
a. 6
6. O
6.6
5.5
6. 1
7.8
7.5
a. o
4. 1
3.7
3.7
3.4
4. 1
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
68
62
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
59 -
59 -
59 -
59 -
59 -
59 -
59 -
59 -
59 -
59 -
59 -
59 -
_ _
- -
- -
- -
- -
_ _
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
_ _
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
— -
- -
- -
- -
- -
— —
- -
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
-------
POGE 1O
O&-Feb-a5
T S
ADAS
B U R I
L N E T
E D fl E
69 E F 3
69 E F 3
69 E F 3
69 E F 3
69 E F 3
69 E F 3
69 E F 3
69 E F 3
69 E F 3
69 E F 3
69 E F 3
69 E F 3
69 E F 3
69 E F 3
69 E F 3
69 E F 3
69 E F 3
69 E F 3
69 E F 3
69 E F 3
69 E F 3
69 E F 3
69 E F 3
69 E F 3
7O E F 3
70 E F 3
70 E F 3
70 E F 3
70 E F 3
70 E F 3
70 E F 3
70 E F 3
70 E F 3
70 E F 3
70 E F 3
70 E F 3
70 E F 3
70 E F 3
70 E F 3
70 E F 3
70 E F 3
7O E F 3
70 E F 3
7O E F 3
70 E F 3
70 E F 3
70 E F 3
7O E F 3
D
ft
T
E
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/aa
7/aa
LEVEL
HOURS Leq L. Ol
OOOO-010O
01 OO-020O
0200-O3OO
030O-O40O
04OO-050O
05OO-060O
060O-07OO
07OO-OBOO
O8OO-090O
0900- I OOO
1OOO-11OO
11 OO-120O
12OO-13OO
1300-1 A 00
1400-1500
15OO-16OO
1600- 17OO
170O-18OO
16OO-1900
1900-2000
2000-2100
2100-2200
2200-2300
230O-OOOO
OOOO-O1OO
01 OO-02OO
020O-030O
0300-0*00
O40O-05OO
05OO'-C6OO
0600-0700
07OO-O8OO
08OO-09OO
09OO-1OOO
100O-110O
11 OO-120O
12OO-130O
13OO-14OO
1 400-1500
150O-16OO
1600-1700
170O-1BOO
18OO-19OO
19OO-2OOO
20OO-21 00
31OO-22OO
22OO-23OO
3300-OOOO
19. a
18.2
18.9
17.2
41.6
19.2
39.9
22. 1
40.2
39.5
31.8
36.8
41.5
39.6
45. O
40.9
36.2
42.5
43. O
33. 1
24.9
27.3
27. O
31.4
26. S
25.6
18.5
20.7
17. O
17.9
42.6
32.2
43. 1
41.7
4O. 7
38. 1
27.8
36.2
42.3
33.7
39.7
44.9
42.3
28.8
24. 1
27. a
27. B
33. 4
26
25
26
24
60
28
58
42
57
58
51
54
59
56
62
59
54
60
62
47
32
48
39
4O
34
37
31
42
34
36
60
52
59
59
58
56
42
55
57
SO
58
6O
60
37
42
43
33
43
L. 1
24
23
23
21
47
24
53
35
52
52
45
49
53
52
57
53
SO
55
55
43
30
32
35
39
32
34
25
27
25
27
56
46
55
54
S3
51
35
49
53
45
S3
56
55
35
31
33
32
At
LI
22
21
21
20
30
22
46
23
47
45
34
43
48
47 '
51
47
42
49
48
39
28
27
3O
36
31
32
23
22
19
19
48
32
SO
48
47
44
31
4O
49
37
45
51
48
33
24
3O
31
3a
L5
21
2O
21
19
25
21
39
19
43
38
29
36
45
42
46
41
31
43
42
36
27
26
29
35
3O
31
21
20
17
17
44
26
47
44
42
37
30
34
46
35
39
47
44
32
£3
23
30
37
L10
20
18
19
17
21
19
21
16
30
26
23
24
28
25
38
29
22
31
33
31
25
24
26
31
. C7
21
17
IS
IS
IS
26
19
27
24
25
25
27
30
36
31
31
41
32
28
2O
27
28
33
L33
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
.-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
—
—
L5O
19
17
18
16
19
18
17
IS
24
24
21
22
25
22
34
27
21
28
30
28
23
23
23
28
24
19
16
14
14
14
19
17
22
21
22
23
26
28
3O
29
29
4O
29
26
19
28
»7
• ;1>
L9O
17
14
13
14
13
15
13
13
IS
20
18
19
18
18
23
23
17
17
21
23
21
19
22
22
18
16
14
13
13
13
14
15
18
16
16
18
22
24
26
24
23
26
20
21
13
21
22
£O
MET
8TD T H
L99 Lmx Lain OEV (X)
15 29.3 13. 0 1.9 -
12 36.3 9.O 2.4 -
13 34. 1 1O.O 2. 4 -
13 30. 1 11. O 2. O -
13 79. O 1O. O S. 8 -
14 37.4 12. 0 2. 2 -
13 64.2 11. 0 1O. 1 -
12 47.9 9.O 3.9 -
12 65.5 9. 0 10.6 -
18 66.5 16. 1 7.8 -
17 55.7 14. 0 5.3 -
17 61.5 13.O 7.3 -
IS 61.8 9.O 9.9 -
15 60.9 13.O 9. 1 -
21 66.4 20. 1 8.7 -
22 66. 3 21.1 7.3 -
15 61. a 12.O 7.2 -
14 66.2 9.O 9.7 -
IB 69. 0 16. 1 8.2 -
21 54.5 19. 1 5.2 -
19 36.4 17. 1 2.4 -
17 60.6 14.0 3. 1 -
19 45.9 18. 1 2.9 -
IB 44. 1 14. 0 4.9 -
16 37.3 13.0 4.4 -
14 40.4 12. 0 5. 4 -
12 37.3 9.0 2.9 -
11 51.3 9. 0 3.4 -
11 44. 3 9.O 2. 4 -
12 41.3 1O.O 2.6 -
13 64.3 11. 0 11.6 -
14 58. 4 12. O 6. 1 -
16 63. O 12. O 1O. 9 -
13 65.7 9. O 1O. 5 -
13 63. 0 9.0 9.9 -
16 62. 1 14. 0 7.7 -
20 50.3 18. 3.0 -
22 62.6 20. 5. 0 -
£4 6O.O 22. 7.B -
21 58.4 19. 4.6 -
22 61.3 21. 6.3 -
2O 66. 1 18. 7.7 -
16 66.9 14.0 8.8 -
17 42.6 IS. 1 4. 1 -
9 60.0 9.O 4. 1 -
IS 54. 3 9. 0 3.6 - -
18 35. 3 13.0 3. 0 -
IB 4S. 6 10. O 6. 3 - -
E
Q
W I
(V) P
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
H» ^
C
C
•» ^
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
- C
-------
PfiBE 11
Ob-Feb-BS
T S
ft O ft S
Bl 1 D Y
UNI
L N E T
E D ft E
71 E F 3
71 E F 3
71 E F 3
71 E F 3
71 E F 3
71 E F 3
71 E F 3
71 E F 3
71 E F 3
71 E F 3
71 E F 3
71 E F 3
71 E F 3
71 E F 3
71 E F 3
71 E F 3
71 E F 3
71 E F 3
71 E F 3
71 E F 3
71 E F 3
71 E F 3
71 E F 3
71 E F 3
72 E F 3
72 E F 3
72 E F 3
72 E F 3
72 E F 3
72 E F 3
72 E F 3
72 E F 3
72 E F 3
72 E F 3
72 E F 3
72 E F 3
72 E F 3
72 E F 3
72 E F 3
72 E F 3
73 E F 3
72 E F 3
72 E F 3
72 E F 3
72 E F 3
72 E F 3
72 E F 3
72 E F 3
D
LEVEL(dBO)
T
E HOURS Leq L. Ol
7/23 0000-0100 36.9 45
7/23 010O-O20O 34.6 43
7/23 O200-O30O 34.2 41
7/23 030O-O4OO £2.5 4O
7/23 04OO-050O 33.8 56
7/23 050O-0600 15.7 3O
7/23 06OO-O70O 41.7 6O
7/23 07OO-0800 30.5 52
7/23 OBOO-O9OO 42. 1 57
7/23 0900- 1OOO 42.2 59
7/23 1OOO-11OO 43.7 69
7/23 1100-1200 61.7
7/23 1200-1300 47.6
7/23 130O-14OO 54.8
7/£3 1400-150O 31.7
7/23 1500-1600 £3.5
7/£3 1600-17OO 27.3
7/23 170O-18OO 33.3
7/23 1BOO-190O £1.8
7/23 190O-2OOO 23.3
7/23 20OO-21OO 28. 3
7/23 21OO-2200 32.6
7/23 £200-2300 37.8
7/23 230O-0000 37.5
7/24 OOOO-O1OO 38.3
7/24 Ol OO-O2OO 38. 1
7/24 O£OO-O3OO 36. 1
7/24 030O-O4OO 32. 1
7/24 04OO-O50O 36. O
7/24 0500-0600 32. 1
7/24 O600-O7OO 27.7
7/24 0700-0800 39.3
7/24 O800-O9OO 26.8
7/24 O90O-10OO 37.3
7/24 10OO-11OO 39.1
7/24 110O-1200 37.5
7/24 1200-13OO 38.5
7/24 130O-14OO 37.6
7/24 140O-150O 36.4
7/24 150O-16OO 31.5
7/24 160O-17OO 36.0
7/24 1700-1800 44.6
7/24 1800-19OO 45.8
7/24 1900-2000 45.6
7/£4 2000-21OO 45.7
7/24 £1 00-220O 44.5
7/24 2200-2300 44.9
7/24 230O-OOOO 42. 2
82
69
78
53
43
37
55
36
39
44
41
45
44
43
45
43
39
53
43
35
57
41
54
54
57
56
56
57
51
54
59
56
52
50
50
50
48
L. 1
44
42
41
35
46
££
55
43
53
54
49
71
59
59
45
34
35
44
31
32
37
39
43
42
42
43
41
37
36
37
32
53
36
49
50
50
51
50
49
43
47
55
52
51
49
49
49
46
LI
43
40
40
30
£7
18
48
£5
49
49
41
63
48
52
3O
26
33
3O
27
28
32
37
41
41
41
41
39
35
34
35
31
45
31
44
46
44
44
43
37
34
39
5O
49
49
48
47
48
45
LS
42
39
39
17
IB
17
41
£1
46
46
33
60
44
5O
24
22
31
£8
£4
26
31
36
40
40
41
40
38
34
33
34
3O
32
£9
40
43
31
4O
38
28
32
36
47
48
48
48
47
47
44
L1O
35
34
33
14
13
IS
£4
17
33
£6
£1
56
34
45
19
19
26
£3
19
£2
26
32
38
37
• *38
38
36
32
31
32
27
£7
£5
£5
29
23
£7
£4
£4
£8
32
43.
45
46
46
45
45
42
L33
-
-
-
. -
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
LSO
32
29
£4
13
13
14
£1
16
22
19
19
54
30
41
18
18
23
£0
18
19
£5
30
37
36
37
36
35
31
30
3O
£6
£6
£3
£3
£4
£2
26
£2
22
26
30
40
44
44
45
43
44
•'••S
L90
22
18
14
1O
11
12
17
13
16
12
12
£3
19
£4
16
15
19
16
16
17
£1
£3
32
32
33
33
32
£6
25
£7
£3
£3
£0
19
19
£0
22
£O
20
21
23
28
4O
39
41
40
40
38
L99 Lmx
17 47.4
14 44.6
1O 42.7
9 42.8
9 62.7
11 36.3
IS 64.7
11 56.3
14 66.9
9 63.7
9 74.1
16 96. 1
17 79. O
19 89. O
IS 58.3
14 51. £
18 38.2
15 6O.5
16 41.9
16 44.6
18 51.3
20 42. 1
26 45.9
£5 44.8
£8 44. S
31 45.6
3O 43.7
£3 41.8
£3 72.7
24 50.4
21 38. 1
£1 62.3
19 49.4
17 6O. O
16 58. O
18 61.3
21 62.9
IB 62.9
18 64.3
19 57.5
21 63.2
23 65.5
37 62.2
34 53.4
38 53.3
36 53.3
37 51.5
34 49.2
STD T
Lron DEV
13. 0 7.4 -
9. 0 8. 1 -
9. 0 9. 6 -
9. 0 3. £ -
9.O 6.4 -
9. 0 £.1 -
1O.O 9.5 -
9. 0 5. 3 -
1O.O 11.8 -
9.O 12.8 -
9. 0 8. 7 -
10. 0 14.0 -
15.1 9.9 -
17.1 9.7 -
13.0 5.2 -
12.0 3.8 -
16.1 4.5 -
14.0 5.4 -
13. 0 3.3 -
13. 0 3.8 -
17.1 4.0 -
18.1 4.8 -
£3. 1 3.4-
£4. 0 3. 5 -
£4. 1 3. 0 -
£9. 1 2. 8 -
£8.
21.
£1.
£1.
19.
19.
17.
IS.
14. (
17.
19.
17.
16.
16.
19.
18.
£.5 -
3. 1 -
3.2 -
2. 9 -
£.6 -
6.4 -
3.8 -
7.8 -
) 9. £ -
6.9 -
7.O -
7.4 -
5.8 -
4.6 -
5.4 -
7.6 -
33.2 3.1 -
31.2 3.5 -
33. 2 2. 6 -
32. £ 2. 6 -
34.2 2.5 -
31.0 2.6 -
E
MET Q
H M I
<*> (V) P
C
C
C
C
C
C
— — C
C
c
C
c
c
- - c
c
c
- - c
c
c
- - c
c
c
c
— •• c
c
~ — • r*
•— "• C
c
c
- - c
«• » f*
c
c
« _ r*
c
c
- - c
c
c
- - c
c
TJ n_ r*
C
C
C
C
- - C
-------
POGE 12 O6-Feb-85
T S
O O O 6
B U R I
L U E T
E D ft E
73 E F 3
73 E F 3
73 E F 3
73 E F 3
73 E F 3
73 E F 3
73 E F 3
73 E F 3
73 E F 3
73 E F 3
73 E F 3
73 E F 3
73 E F 3
73 E F 3
73 E F 3
73 E F 3
73 E F 3
73 E F 3
73 E F 3
73 E F 3
73 E F 3
73 E F 3
73 E F 3
73 E F 3
74 E F 4
74 E F 4
74 E F 4
74 E F 4
74 E F 4
74 E F 4
74 E F 4
74 E F 4
74 E F 4
74 E F 4
74 E F 4
74 E F 4
74 E F 4
74 E F 4
74 E F 4
74 E F 4
74 E F 4
74 E F 4
74 E F 4
74 E F 4
74 E F 4
74 E F 4
74 E F 4
74 E F 4
0
ft
T
E HOURS Leq
7/25 0000-0100 40. 1
7/25 01OO-O2OO 41.1
7/25 0200-0300 37. O
7/25 030O-0400 38.0
7/25 04OO-05OO 37.2
7/25 0500-0600 35.5
7/25 06OO-07OO 35. O
7/25 070O-O800 33. 3
7/25 O800-O90O 28.2
7/25 090O-10OO -
7/25 1OOO-110O -
7/25 11OO-1200 -
7/25 1200-1300 -
7/25 130O-14OO -
7/25 1400-150O -
7/25 150O-16OO -
7/25 160O-1700 -
7/25 17OO-18OO -
7/25 180O-190O -
7/25 190O-2OOO -
7/25 2OOO-21 00 -
7/25 21 OO-220O -
7/25 2200-2300 -
7/25 230O-OOOO -
7/19 OOOO-O1OO -
7/19 01 OO-020O -
7/19 O200-0300 -
7/19 030O-0400 -
7/19 O40O-O5OO -
7/19 0500-O600 -
7/19 O6OO-O7OO -
7/19 07OO-080O -
7/19 0800-0900 -
7/19 O90O-1OOO -
7/19 IOOO-11OO -
7/19 1100-1200 -
7/19 12OO-1300 -
7/19 13OO-14OO -
7/19 14OO-1SOO 41.3
7/19 150O-1600 42.5
7/19 1600-1700 43.2
7/19 17OO-18OO 43.8
7/19 IBOO-190O 44.2
7/19 19OO-2OOO 41.7
7/19 2OOO-21OO 43.3
7/19 21OO-2SOO 48.4
7 /IS 22OO-23OO 42.3
7/19 23OO-OOOO 42.5
L. Ol
45
46
43
44
45
46
42
40
37
46
48
51
51
52
44
94
44
43
44
L. 1
44
45
42
43
43
41
4O
38
36
44
46
48
48
50
43
SO
43
43
43
LI
43
44
4O
41
4O
39
38
37
33
43
45
46
46
47
42
46
43
43
43
LEVEL (dBA)
L5 L1O L33
42 40
43 41
39 37
41 38
39 37
37 35
37 35
36 33
31 27
42
44
45
45
46
42
43
43
42
43
41
42
43
44
44
41
42
43
42
4S -
L50
39
4O
36
37
36
34
34
32
25
4O
42
42
43
43
41
41
42
-a
L90
36
37
32
32
32
31
30
28
2O
39
40
40
41
41
4O
4O
41
41
41
L99 LMN Lmn
33 46.4 31.2
33 47.3 31.2
28 44. 7 23. 1
28 45. 7 23. O
29 47. 1 25. 1
24 57.5 21.1
26 SO. 3 2.9
24 42. 1 23. 1
18 38.4 17. 1
38 48.8 37.2
39 51.9 38.2
39 54. O 38. 1
39 53.7 38.2
4O 54.2 39.2
4O 48. 8 39. 1
4O 58. S 39.2
41 47.9 4O. S
40 47.7 39.2
41 49. 1 40. a
BTO
OEV
2.4
2.5
2.9
3.4
2.8
3.O
24. 1
3.1
4.4
1.2
1.6
1.9
1.9
2. 1
0.6
2. 1
0.9
0.9
O. 6
T
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
72
72
72
72
72
72
78
7S
72
72
MET
H W
<«> (V)
IOO -
IOO -
IOO -
IOO -
IOO -
IOO -
IOO -
100 -
IOO -
6O -
BO -
60 -
6O -
60 -
60 -
6O -
60 -
60 -
60 -
E
U
U
I
P
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
D
O
D
D
O
O
D
-------
PAGE 13
06-Fob-BS
T S
O Q ft S
B U R I
L N E T
E D 0 E
75 E F 4
75 E F 4
75 E F 4
75 E F 4
73 E F 4
73 E F 4
75 E F 4
75 E F 4
75 E F 4
75 E F 4
75 E F 4
75 E F 4
75 E F 4
75 E F 4
75 E F 4
75 E F 4
75 E F 4
75 E F 4
75 E F 4
75 E F 4
75 E F 4
75 E F 4
75 E F 4
75 E F 4
76 E F 4
76 E F 4
76 E F 4
76 E F 4
76 E F 4
76 E F 4
76 E F 4
76 E F 4
76 E F 4
76 E F 4
76 E F 4
76 E F 4
76 E F 4
76 E F 4
76 E F 4
76 E F 4
76 E F 4
76 E F 4
76 E F 4
76 E F 4
76 E F 4
76 E F 4
76 E F 4
76 E F 4
O
T
E HOURS Leq
7/20 OOOO-0100 42.8
7/20 010O-020O 43. I
7/20 O200-0300 42.3
7/20 0300-040O 43.2
7/20 O400-0500 43.4
7/20 050O-0600 43.3
7/2O 0600-0700 45.6
7/20 0700-OflOO 47.0
7/20 OflOO-0300 46. B
7/20 0900-1000 43.7
7/2O 1000-1100 43. 1
7/20 1100-1200 40.3
7/20 1200-13OO 50.5
7/20 130O-1400 41.6
7/20 1400-1500 43.7
7/20 15OO-160O 43. 1
7/20 1600-1700 41.9
7/20 170O-1BOO 41.6
7/2O 1800-1900 48.1
7/20 1900-2000 41.5
7/20 2000-2100 42.2
7/20 2100-2200 42.6
7/2O 2200-2300 42.3
7/20 23OO-OOOO 42.2
7/21 OOOO-0100 42.0
7/21 0100-0200 42.5
7/21 0200-0300 42.7
7/21 0300-O40O 42.5
7/21 0400-0500 42.7
7/21 O50O-060O 43. 7
7/21 O6OO-0700 46.7
7/21 O70O-080O 42. 3
7/21 0800-090O 41.7
7/21 0900-1OOO 40.6
7/21 1OOO-1100 4O. 6
7/21 11OO-120O 41.6
7/21 1200-13OO 41.3
7/21 13OO-140O 43.3
7/21 14OO-15OO 42. O
7/21 15OO-1600 45.8
7/21 1600-1700 41. O
7/21 17OO-1BOO 43.6
7/21 18OO-19OO 47. O
7/21 190O-2OOO 43.5
7/21 2000-2100 43. 1
7/21 E1OO-220O 42.2
7/21 220O-23OO 42. 1
7/21 2300-0000 42.2
L. 01
45
45
44
47
58
52
61
65
67
53
43
45
71
48
51
51
56
55
68
48
47
32
44
43
43
44
44
44
47
52
64
52
SO
32
50
46
48
57
51
62
52
61
68
51
S3
52
43
44
L. 1
44
44
44
46
46
46
56
61
58
49
46
42
58
46
49
52
SO
SO
6O
43
43
43
44
43
43
43
44
43
44
48
60
44
45
43
45
44
44
51
45
58
47
56
57
49
49
43
43
43
L
LI
44
44
43
44
44
44
49
44
48
47
43
41
31
43
47
43
44
44
49
42
43
43
43
43
42
43
43
43
44
44
48
43
42
42
42
43
42
47
43
48
42
42
43
46
46
43
43
43
.EVEL i
LS
43
44
43
44
43
43
45
43
42
46
42
41
49
43
46
43
41
42
45
42
42
43
43
42
42.
43
43
43
43
44
43
42
42
41
41
42
42
45
43
43
41
41
42
45
45
42
42
43
IdBft)
L10
42
43
42
43
42
43
43
42
41
43
41
4O
46
41
43
41
4O
40
41
41
42
42
42
42
•42
42
42
42
42
43
43
42
41
40
40
41
41
42
42
42
40
40
41
42
42
42
42
42
L33
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
...
LSO
42
43
42
42
42
43
43
42
41
41
41
40
44
41
42
41
40
40
41
41
42
42
42
42
41
42
42
42
42
43
42
42
41
40
40
41
41
41
41
41
4O
40
41
42
41
41
42
•'»£
L9O
41
42
41
41
42
42
42
41
4O
4O
39
38
40
39
4O
40
39
38
39
40
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
41
42
41
41
40
38
38
39
40
39
40
40
38
39
40
41
41
41
41
41
L99 Lmx
41 45.9
41 45. 6
40 45.2
41 49.6
41 61. 1
41 61. S
41 65.6
40 67.6
39 74.6
38 63. 1
37 36.2
37 62.8
39 8O.S
38 32.7
39 62.0
39 61.8
38 67.8
37 62.3
38 7S.S
39 51.7
40 53. 3
41 53.6
41 45.9
41 48.2
40 44.3
4O 4S.S
41 43.3
41 44.8
41 S3. 1
41 63.2
41 66.8
40 56.9
4O 61.2
37 57.6
37 61.2
38 61.2
39 52.4
38 63. O
39 54. 1
39 65.7
38 SB.O
38 66.9
39 72.0
40 59.3
40 36.9
40 58. O
4O 46.2
40 45. O
Lmn
40.2
40. 1
39.2
40.2
4O.2
41.0
41.0
39.2
39.0
37.2
36.2
36.2
38.5
36.0
37.2
38.2
37. a
36. a
37.2
38. a
39.2
40.2
40.2
40.2
40.2
4O.2
4O. 2
40. 8
40.2
41.1
41. 1
40.2
39.2
36.2
36. O
36.2
37.2
37.2
37.2
38.2
36.2
37.2
38.0
39.2
39.2
4O. 0
40.2
40.0
MET
STD T H W
DEV (F) <*> (V)
0. 7 -
0. 7 -
0.9 -
0. 9 -
1.3 -
0. 9 -
3. 6 -
2.8 -
3. 4 -
2.5 -
1.4 -
1. 1 -
4.2 -
1.5 -
a.4 -
a. i -
a. i -
2. 2 - ' -
3. 7 -
0.7 -
0.7 -
0.7 -
0. 6 -
0.5 -
0. 4 -
0.6 -
0.6 -
0.6 -
0.8 -
»O •_
• c
a. 9 -
o. a -
O.9 -
1.5 -
1.5 -
1.2 -
l.O -
2. 6 -
1.4 -
3. 1 -
1.6 -
2. 6 -
3.O -
i.a -
1.9 -
o. a -
0. 5 -
0. 6 -
E
Q
I
P
O
0
D
0
D
D
D
O
D
D
0
0
D
D
D
0
D
D
D
0
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
O
0
D
D
D
D
D
D
O
O
D
D
D
D
D
0
-------
PAGE 14
06-FBb-BS
T S
ADAS
Bt 1 O ¥
U K i
L N E T
E D O E
77 E F 4
77 E F 4
77 E F 4
77 E F 4
77 E F 4
77 E F 4
77 E F 4
77 E F 4
77 E F 4
77 E F 4
77 E F 4
77 E F 4
77 E F 4
77 E F 4
77 E F 4
77 E F 4
77 E F 4
77 E F 4
77 E F 4
77 E F 4
77 E F 4
77 E F 4
77 E F 4
77 E F 4
78 E F 4
78 E F 4
78 E F 4
78 E F 4
78 E F 4
7fl E F 4
78 E F 4
78 E F 4
78 E F 4
78 E F 4
-70 C C i*.
la fc. r 4
78 E F 4
~»Q C" C A
/o fc r *l
78 E F 4
78 E F 4
-t f\ •-• r~ l^
fa t r 4
78 E F 4
78 E F 4
-J Q ^ g- A
78 c r 4
*7Q C C J*
78 t r 4
78 E F 4
70 E F 4
78 E F 4
7a e F A
D
T
LEVEL (dBfi)
E HOURS Leq L. 01
7/22 0000-0100 42.4
7/32 010O-0200 42.5
7/22 O2OO-O300 42.7
7/22 0300-040O 42.6
7/22 0400-0500 42.8
7/22 0500-0600 42.9
7/22 06OO-07OO 47.6
7/22 O70O-08OO 43. 1
7/22 0800-0900 40.5
7/22 090O-10OO 40.3
7/22 1000-1100 39.9
7/22 1100-1200 41.4
7/22 1200- 1 30O 39. 1
7/22 1300-140O 39.3
7/22 1400-1500 41.8
7/22 1500-160O 47.2
7/22 160O-17OO 41.6
7/22 1700-1800 40.6
7/22 1800-1900 43. 1
7/22 190O-2000 45.4
7/22 20OO-21OO 42.9
7/22 2100-2200 41.9
7/22 2200-2300 41.8
7/22 2300-0000 42. 1
7/23 0000-0100 42.2
7/23 0100-0200 42.6
7/23 0200-O3OO 42. 1
7/23 030O-040O 42. 3
7/23 O400-05OO 42. 4
7/23 056O-O600 43. 6
7/23 0600-0700 44. O
7/23 O700-O80O 45. 6
7/23 0800-O900 40.5
7/23 0900-1000 39. O
~» / o "a \ r\r\f\— i 1 f\c\ —
f / G.£ 1UUU 1 IUU —
7/23 1100-1200 -
~f /oi i 9Ai"i« i "3nn —
// cj 1 cuu— i ouu —
7/23 130O-1400 -
7/23 1400-1500 -
f / 01 i *rrtA. i G.f\n —
/ / c J t «j*Ji> i ouu
7/23 1600-1700 -
7/23 17OO-18OO -
1 /O"^ 1 CIA A—. 1 QAA —
//C J 1UUU~ i^fUU ~
"7 /oi i CIAA.— &ftfifi —
r / G.& 1 i3*J\f C v W
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f / Ckl C.\J*J\J C A W
T / O1 & t /Wfc— ^"^*AA —
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7/23 320O-23OO -
7/23 S>3OO-OOOO -
44
44
45
44
44
53
62
55
46
45
44
54
50
44
49
63
58
48
57
64
49
46
43
43
44
44
44
44
53
59
56
64
46
45
—
L. 1
44
43
44
44
44
47
60
52
42
43
42
50
42
42
47
59
46
43
S3
58
47
44
43
43
43
44
43
44
43
49
52
58
42
41
—
LI
43
43
43
43
43
44
48
44
41
42
41
43
41
40
45
51
43
42
45
43
45
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
44
46
44
41
40
—
L5 L10 L33
43
43
43
43
43
43
44
43
41
41
41
41
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40
44
47
42
41
42
42
44
43
42
42
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43
42
42
42
43
44
42
41
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—
4.2
42
42
42
42
42
43
42
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40
40
40
39
39
41
44
40
40
41
41
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
43
41
40
39
—
L50
42
42
42
42
42
42
43
42
40
40
39
39
38
39
40
43
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40
41
41
42
41
41
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
42
41
40
38
—
L90
41
41
41
41
41
41
42
40
39
38
38
38
36
37
38
40
39
39
39
40
41
40
40
41
41
41
41
41
41
42
42
4O
38
37
—
L99 LMX
40 46.6
41 47.6
41 46.7
41 47. 1
41 46. O
41 60.4
41 65.8
39 56.9
38 56.7
37 53.7
37 51.2
37 59.4
33 59. O
36 51.9
38 63. 1
39 67.8
38 63.4
38 56.6
38 59.3
4O 66.7
40 53. O
40 50.7
4O 45.4
4O 44.6
4O 44.8
41 47. 1
4O 45. 1
41 45.9
4O 56.6
41 68.9
41 6O.O
4O 69.2
37 54.8
36 54.3
— —
Lmn
40. O
40. S
4O.2
4O.2
40. S
40.2
40.2
38.2
37. O
36. S
36.2
36.2
31.2
35.2
36. S
38. i
37. S
37.8
37.8
39.2
39. 8
39. S
39. a
39.8
4O. 1
41. O
4O. 1
4O. 1
4O. 1
41. O
4O. S
39.8
36.8
35.8
—
STO
DEV
o.a
O. 6
0.7
0.6
0.5
1. 1
3.3
1.8
l.O
1.8
1. 1
8. 1
1.6
1.1
8. 1
3.8
i.a
l.O
2.5
8.4
1 = 5
0.9
O. 7
O. 6
O.6
O. 5
O.6
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O. 9
1.4
i.a
e. a
i. I
l.i
—
MET
T
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
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73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
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_ _
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- _
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- _
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64 -
64 -
64 -
64 -
64 -
64 -
64 -
64 -
64 -
64 -
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D
0
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D
D
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PflGE 1S
oe-Feb-BS
a\
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ft 0 ft S
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79 E F 5
79 E F 5
79 E F S
79 E F 5
79 E F 5
79 E F 5
79 E F 5
79 E F 5
79 E F 5
80 E F 5
BO E F 5
BO E F 5
GO E F 5
BO E F 5
BO E F 5
8O E F S
BO E F 5
80 E F 5
80 E F 5
80 E F 5
80 E F 5
8O E F 5
80 E F 5
80 E F 5
BO E F 5
8O E F 5
80 E F 5
BO E F 5
80 E F 5
00 E F 5
BO E F 5
BO E F 5
80 E F 5
O
LEVEL (clBft)
T
E HOURS Leq L. Ol
I / 1 if \J\J\J\J \f I UU
"7 / 1 Q A | AA A^AA —
fflit \J1VU — UCiUl'
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f / lif UCW UtiLHJ
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7 / i Q rt^iAi**— riArirk —
// lit \f*J\f*J VQ\J*.I
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III ij VJuvv — *J/tMJ
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f / A-f V r W VJQW
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I / lJ ViJW 1 V W
T V 1 Q 1 AAA— 1 1 AA •-
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f / 1 .1 11 W 1 C W
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f / 1 if i CUU — 1 «AW(J
•7 / < Q « "3AA 1 A AA «
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f/l 3 inOO~lOUU —
7/19 1500-160O 4J.8
7/19 1600-1700 43.6
7/19 17OO-1BOO 43. 1
7/19 lflOO-1900 45.7
7/19 1900-EOOO 40.5
7/19 2OOO-310O 43.1
7/19 aiOO-££OO 45.3
7/19 ££00-230O 41.O
7/19 230O-OOOO 40.3
7/20 OOOO-O10O 41. O
7/2O OlOO-OaOO 4O. £
7/2O 02OO-O300 4O. 3
7/£0 0300-0400 39.2
7/£O 04OO-05OO 38. 9
7/2O 056O-O60O 42. 1
7/20 O600-O700 45.8
7/£0 070O-O8OO 42.3
7/2O O800-09OO 41.5
7/2O 090O-1OOO 44.6
7/£0 1000-1100 42.3
7/2O 11 OO-120O 40. 8
7/£0 1200-130O 45.9
7/20 1300-14OO 56.3
7/2O 140O-1500 42.9
7/20 1500-16OO 43.0
7/20 160O-1700 39.6
7/20 1700-lflOO 39.4
7/20 1800-1900 39. 1
7/2O 19OO-2000 41.2
7/£0 £000-2 1OO 41.2
7/20 2100-220O 43.5
7/20 2£00-£300 44.0
7/20 £30O-OOOO 42. 4
53
54
54
54
48
48
65
46
4£
42
4£
42
41
41
47
65
53
57
53
53
51
59
79
53
54
44
51
45
5O
49
6O
59
5O
L. 1
49
51
51
52
45
44
53
43
41
42
41
41
41
40
44
56
50
50
50
52
49
50
60
50
51
42
44
42
46
45
SO
4a
47
LI
46
48
48
50
43
41
47
42
41
41
41
41
40
40
43
48
47
45
48
49
44
52
51
46
47
41
41
40
43
43
44
46
45
L5 L1O L33
44
46
46
46
42
40
45
42
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41. •
40
41
40
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43
43
45
43
47
44
42
48
48
45
46
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40
40
42
42
43
45
44
4O
42
42
45
4O
39
42
41
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41
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40
39
39
42
42
41
4O
44
39
39
40
42
42
41
39
39
39
41
41
42
43
42
L.50
39
41
4O
43
39
39
41
40
40
4O
40
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39
38
42
42
39
37
43
38
38
39
41
41
4O
39
38
38
40
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41
43
41
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37
38
38
40
38
38
39
39
39
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39
39
37
37
40
41
37
35
41
37
37
37
37
38
38
38
37
37
39
39
4O
41
40
L99
36
38
36
38
37
37
38
39
38
39
38
39
37
37
39
41
36
34
39
36
36
36
36
37
36
37
36
36
38
38
39
41
39
LMX
55. O
56.3
56. 0
59.4
52.5
54.4
73.3
SO. 4
42.7
43.7
44.9
42.8
42. B
42.3
57. O
69.4
61. 8
62.5
57.1
57.5
56.5
61.2
89.4
55.2
55.7
53.2
57.6
SO. 2
54.7
54. 4
68.5
61.6
51.7
Lmn
35. 1
37.1
34.2
37.2
37.2
37.0
38.0
38.2
38.1
38. 2
38.2
36.2
36.2
36.2
39.3
39.1
35. £
34.2
38. 2
35.2
36.1
35.2
36. 1
37.2
35.2
36.2
36.2
35.2
37.2
37. £
38.2
40.2
38.2
STD
DEV
2.9
3. 1
3.3
3.2
1.7
1.3
3.1
l.O
0.7
O. S
O. 6
1. 1
1. 1
o.a
1.0
a. 7
3.2
3.6
2.3
3.5
2.5
4. a
5. 1
2.7
3.3
1.0
1.5
1.2
1.5
1.5
2. 1
1.6
i.a
T
(F)
66
66
66
66
66
66
66
66
66
_
-
-
-
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
MET
H
(54)
77
77
77
77
77
77
77
77
77
_
-
-
-
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
E
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(V) P
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E
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E
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E
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E
E
E
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-------
PAGE 16
OE-Feb-83
T S
O Q ft 3
Bl 1 Q T
UNI
L N E T
E D ft E
81 E F 5
81 E F S
at E F 5
81 E F 5
ai E F 5
ai E F 5
81 E F 5
81 E F 5
ai E F 5
ai E F 5
at E F s
ai E F 5
ai E F 5
81 E F 5
ai E F s
Ql E F 5
81 E F 5
ai E F 5
ai E F 5
61 E F 5
ai E F 5
81 E F 5
81 E F 5
81 E F 5
82 E F 5
B2 E F 5
aa E F s
82 E F S
82 E F 5
82 E F 5
82 E F 5
82 E F 5
as E F s
82 E F 5
82 E F 5
82 E F 5
82 E F 5
62 E F 5
82 E F 5
82 E F S
82 E F 5
82 E F 5
82 E F 5
82 E F 5
as E F 5
82 E F b
B2 E F S
aa E F s
D
T
E
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/2S
7/S3
7/22
LEVEL (dBft)
HOURS Leq L. 01
OOOO-01OO
Ol OO-O2OO
O200-O3OO
03OO-O4OO
O4QO-O500
050O-OGOO
O600-O7OO
070O-OBOO
O800-O900
O90O-1OOO
1000-11OO
11 OO-120O
120O-13OO
13OO-14OO
14OO-15OO
1500-1 £OO
16OO-17OO
1700-18OO
1800-190O
19OO-200O
2000-2 1OO
2100-2200
2200-2300
230O-OOOO
OOOO-O1OO
01 OO-O2OO
0200-0300
0300-04OO
O4OO-O50O
050O-06OO
06OO-07OO
O70o-oaoo
O8OO-O9OO
O90O-1OOO
1000-1100
11 00-1200
1200-1300
130O-140O
14OO-1SOO
1500-1 BOO
160O-17OO
170O-1BOO
18OO-19OO
190O-2OOO
SOOO-21OO
210O-2SOO
esoo-asoo
E3OO-OOOO
4O. 6
38. 1
39.4
40. 1
4O. B
47.3
45.3
42.6
40.7
41.6
42.9
41.2
39.5
41.7
47.2
59.3
38.3
37.7
43. 1
39.2
46. a
40.7
39.5
40.3
39.7
39.2
4O. 4
39.5
39.7
44.6
45.7
43.6
39. 1
41.3
36.4
39.0
42.3
43. O
41.7
43.5
38.9
38.9
38.2
37.5
39. 1
42. a
38. 3
39- &
46
40
41
42
43
63
63
54
5O
54
59
49
49
59
64
3O
49
47
62
4B
58
59
57
42
42
41
43
41
41
60
61
57
56
60
49
48
50
54
53
53
51
52
55
52
SO
62
4O
42
L. 1
45
39
40
42
42
59
55
48
47
49
48
47
43
51
56
43
43
42
54
44
55
51
42
42
41
41
42
40
41
55
57
S3
46
53
42
44
48
51
49
49
43
45
44
41
48
53
39
41
LI
42
39
4O
41
42
51
48
44
44
43
45
44
42
44
52
41
40
39
44
4O
S3
41
39
42
41
4O
42
4O
40
48
50
4a
42
44
38
41
46
48
45
48
42
41
39
38
42
44
39
4O
1-5
42
39
40
41
41
43
46
43
42
44
44
43
41
42
SI
4O
39
38
41
39
52
38
38
41
4O.
1 4O
42
40
40
45
46
43
39
38
37
4O
43
46
44
47
41
40
38
38
41
40
39
AO
L10
4O
38
39
40
41
43
42
42
41
42
42
41
39
39
43
39
38
37
39
38
44
38
38
4O
*39
39
40
39
39
42
42
42
37
35
36
38
42
42
41.
42
39
38
37
37
38
38
38
39
L33
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
-
L5O
4O
38
39
4O
4O
42
42
42
39
39
41
4O
38
39
40
38
37
37
38
38
39
37
38
39
39
39
39
39
39
42
42
41
37
35
35
38
4O
4O
40
41
38
37
36
36
36
38
38
-?,9
L90
38
36
38
38
39
40
41
39
37
35
39
38
37
37
38
37
36
36
36
37
37
36
37
39
38
38
38
38
38
39
41
37
35
34
33
36
38
37
37
38
35
34
35
35
35
36
37
3a
L99 Lmx
36 52.6
36 42.6
37 42. O
38 43.6
39 43.7
4O 7O. 1
38 68.7
38 58. 1
35 59.8
34 58. 1
38 63.9
37 SO. 8
36 53.7
33 63.6
36 67.8
35 53.7
35 55.2
35 S3. 3
35 69.6
37 62.6
36 6O. 7
36 64. O
36 61.3
38 54.3
38 52.8
37 42.6
37 60. i
38 42.2
38 42.6
38 68.9
38 67.6
36 63. O
34 62.3
34 65.7
33 SB. 1
35 57.7
36 53.6
36 55.3
35 53.8
36 57.4
34 32.8
33 67.2
34 69.0
35 62. O
34 51.7
33 73. S
36 4e. 8
37 42- 9
Lmn
36.1
33.2
37.2
37.2
38. 2
39. O
37.2
38.1
35.0
34. 1
38. O
37.2
35.2
35.0
35. £
35.1
35. O
35.8
35.1
36.2
35. S
35.2
36. 8
37.2
37. S
37. O
37.3
38.0
38. O
38. O
37.2
36.8
34. S
33.2
33. O
34.2
35.2
35.2
35. O
35.1
33.2
32.2
34.0
34. £
33.2
35.2
36. a
37.2
STD T
DEV
1.6 -
0. 9 -
0.7 -
1. 1 -
0.8 -
3.6 -
3.0 -
1.7 -
2.4 -
3.7 -
2.2 -
1.9 -
1.7 -
£.7 -
5.£ -
1.5 -
1.4 -
1.3 -
3.O -
l.£ -
5.7 -
£.4 -
1.3 -
1. 1 -
O.9 -
o. a -
1.4 -
0. 6 -
0. 7 -
3. 1 -
3.4 -
3.6 -
£.3 -
3.7 -
1.9 -
1.9 -
£.7 -
3.6 -
£.9 -
3.3 -
8.4 -
£.6 -
1.8 -
1.4 -
2. a -
3. 1 -
0. 7 -
O. 7 -
E
MET Q
H M I
<»> «(?
«. M CT
- - E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
e
E
E
E
am o~ tS
E
E
E
E
E
E
" •• E
e
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
• •* E
E
E
E
E
E
OB ^ CT
E
E
- - E
- - E
— — e
-------
PfiGE 17
OB-Feb-QS
a\
T
A
L
E
S3
83
83
83
83
83
83
83
83
83
83
A"3
A*3
a~3
a-*
o -v
O"!
£»-3
n*a
Q^>
o-a
84
84
84
04
S
Q
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D
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
ft
E
ft
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
8
T
E
S
5
S
5
S
S
S
S
5
5
5
11
1|
11
11
11
« 1
11
D
T
E
7/33
7/23
7/23
7/23
7/83
7/23
7/23
7/23
7/23
7/23
7/23
7 /P"*
7/P7
7/P"*
7/p~*
•7 yp-»
7,/PT
7 /PI
7 /PI
7/p-a
•7 /p"»
7 /P"*
•7 yp-a
7 /PA
7 /PA
•7 /PA
7 /PA
7/24
7/24
7/24
7 /PA
7/PA
7/PA
7/PA
7 /PA
7/PA
7/PA
7/£4
HOURS L
OOOO-O1OO
01 OO-O20O
O2OO-O300
030O-O4OO
04OO-05OO
050O-O6OO
0600-0700
070O-080O
08OO-09OO
090O-10OO
1000-1100
11 fin i pnn
1 Pnn i "^nn
t "^nfl— 1 A nn
i Ann i son
i Ann i 7nn
* -j{\f\— i Ann
t Ann— i Qnn
pnnn P i nn
ppnn p"^nn
ni nn n-^nn
n*5k"»n— nAnn
n7nn nAnn
i nnn 1 1 nn
1100-1200
12OO-13OO
130O-14OO
t Ann i "^nn
t *inn— i Ann
i f nn— i 7nn
i ~jc\c\ i Ann
i Ann i Qnn
i QAn pnnn
pnnn P i nn
230G-OOOO
-eq L.O1 L.I
39.4 41 40
39.8 41 41
39.7 41 41
38. 6 40 40
39. 1 41 40
46. 7 67 57
42. 7 54 49
42. 3 55 SO
4O. O 57 49
38. 3 53 49
38. 4 56 48
56. 1 73 69
55. 3 72 68
53. 0 70 66
_ _ _
LEVEL < dBO > E
MET Q
8TD T H W I
LI L5 L10 L33 L5O L9O L99 Lmx Lmrt DEV (F) (X)
-------
PAGE IB
O6-F«b-85
T S
ADAS D
Bunt Q
L N E T T
E D 0 E E HOURS Leq l_. 01 L. 1
85 E F 17 7/24 08OO-0900 52.3 68 64
85 E F 17 7/24 090O-1OOO 53.4 77 64
85 E F 17 7/24 10OO-11OO 57.7 74 71
85 E F 17 7/24 110O-12QO 60.2 75 72
85 E F 17 7/24 12OO-13OO 59.3 76 72
85 E F 17 7/24 13OO-14OO 57.8 76 71
85 E F 17 7/24 14OO-1500 51.6 7O 68
66 E Q 7 7/18 1 900-2000 37.3 £1 57
86 E 8 7 7/ia 2000-2100 52.9 ao 73
86 e Q 7 7/18 21OO-220O 39.1 64 6O
BBEQ7 7/1 8 £aOO-23OO 43.3 76 65
6B E G 7 7/1B 8300-OOOO 31. 8 41 37
LEVEL (V) P
59 56 30 - 34 33 33 69.7 32.3 7. 6 SO 82 - M
55 50 34 - 33 32 32 79. 3 31.5 5.2 SO 82 - M
65 57 36 - 35 33 32 76.6 32.6 9. 3 SO 82 - M
67 65 44 - 36 33 33 77.6 31.3 11.2 SO 82 - M
66 62 40 - 33 32 31 83. 0 30.6 10. 8 SO 82 ~ M
64 59 36 - 33 31 30 78.7 29.3 10. 6 SO 82 - M
62 56 35 - 33 3O 3O 72. 7 29. 1 8. 9 SO 82 - M
•
49 40 35 - 30 29 28 65. 1 87. 1 4. 0 - - - F
65 55 51 - 38 30 £9 81.7 28.1 8. 4 - - - F
46 43 39 - 32 3O 29 65. 9 28. 1 4. 1 - - - F
49 39 36 - 31 29 87 77.1 £6.1 4. 0 - - - F
3S 33 33 - TSI 2« P>ft il.q f>? _ | «_A _ _ _ c
-------
PflBE 19
Ofc-Feb-aS
oo
T S
ft Q ft S
Bl i O T
U ft 1
L N E T
E D 0 E
87 E Q 7
B7 E 6 7
87 E B 7
B7 E 8 7
87 E G 7
87 E B 7
87 E B 7
87 E B 7
87 E B 7
87 E B 7
87 E 6 7
87 E B 7
87 E B 7
87 E B 7
87 E B 7
87 E B 7
87 E B 7
87 E B 7
87 E B 7
87 E 6 7
87 E 6 7
87 E 8 7
87 E B 7
87 E S 7
8B E B 7
80 E 6 7
88 E B 7
aa E G 7
ea E B 7
aa E B 7
aa E B 7
aa E B 7
aa E B 7
as E B 7
ea E B 7
aa E B 7
aa E B 7
aa E B 7
aa E Q 7
aa E B 7
aa E B 7
aa E B 7
88 E 6 7
88 E G 7
aa E a 7
aa E B 7
ea E e 7
aa E B 7
D
T
LEVEL (dBA>
E HOURS Leq L. Ol
7/19 OOOO-010O 38.4
7/19 0100-0200 32.0
7/19 020O-0300 31.0
7/19 0300-0400 28. &
7/19 0400-05OO 3O. O
7/19 0500-0600 28.8
7/19 0600-0700 27.9
7/19 0700-0800 27.5
7/19 0800-0900 28. 1
7/19 09OO-1000 29.5
7/19 100O-110O 30.4
7/19 1100-120O 32.4
7/19 12OO-130O 34. O
7/19 1300-1400 38. O
7/19 1400-1500 37.7
7/19 1500-1600 40.0
7/19 160O-1700 41.9
7/19 1700-1 BOO 33.0
7/19 1800-1900 32.0
7/19 19OO-2OOO 30.2
7/19 2000-2100 33.0
7/19 210O-22OO 44. 8
7/19 22OO-23OO 44.2
7/19 2300-OOOO 44.6
7/2O OOOO-010O 38.2
7/2O 010O-02OO 36. O
7/2O 02OO-0300 28.3
7/20 030O-O4OO 28.0
7/20 0400-O5OO 28.6
7/20 05OO-G6OO 29. 7
7/2O 060O-O7OO 32.5
7/2O 070O-OBOO 35. 4
7/2O OBOO-090O 41.1
7/20 090O-10OO 34.0
7/2O 1OOO-1100 33.6
7/20 11 OO-12OO 40. 1
7/2O 12OO-13OO 4O. 3
7/20 1300-1400 35.8
7/20 1400-150O 33.2
7/20 150O-16OO 38.6
7/20 1600-1700 33.8
7/20 1700-1800 34.3
7/20 180O-19OO 3O. 3
7/20 1900-2000 29.0
7/20 2OOO-21OO 31.8
7/2O 2100-22OO 37.8
7/20 2200-2300 35.9
7/20 23OO-OOOO 32. 9
40
40
37
41
48
41
49
46
46
49
48
50
48
54
51
56
59
51
49
46
49
53
49
48
46
48
34
41
46
49
61
54
64
52
56
65
57
62
50
53
54
47
43
43
51
47
44
41
L. 1
36
35
34
38
41
40
42
42
44
47
42
47
47
51
48
51
57
47
43
4O
43
51
48
47
45
48
31
39
41
41
57
so
54
49
52
62
55'
58
47
52
51
44
41
41
49
44
43
40
LI
34
34
33
34
36
37
34
34
39
38
38
43
43
47
45
47
51
41
40
36
39
49
48
45
44
47
29
32
33
37
34
47
S3
45
45
52
52
44
41
49
42
41
39
34
40
42
42
39
L5 L1O
33
33
32
31
32
30
29
30
29
31
33
37
38
42
42
44
48
37
37
33
37
48
48
42
43.*
44
29
30
29
32
3O
41
48
41
36
41
47
36
37
45
39
38
35
30
34
41
40
38
33
33
32
30
31
29
28
28
27
29
31
33
36
40
41
43
45
35
35
31
35
*r
47
41
42
36
29
29
29
30
29
38
42
36
33
36
42
34
36
42
36
37
31
29
32
4O
39
37
L33
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
-
-
—
_
-
-
-
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
L50
32
31
30
28
29
27
26
25
25
27
29
28
32
35
35
38
37
31
30
29
31
44
41
37
32
29
28
28
28
28
27
28
31
28
28
29
33
28
31
31
29
32
28
2B
29
37
32
£9
L9O
30
30
29
27
2a
26
25
24
25
26
27
27
29
31
29
34
31
28
28
28
29
37
34
30
29
27
27
27
27
27
26
26
26
26
26
27
26
27
26
27
27
28
27
27
28
30
29
27
L99
29
29
28
26
27
26
25
24
24
25
27
26
28
29
28
32
3O
27
27
27
28
31
29
28
28
27
26
27
26
26
25
26
26
26
26
26
26
26
25
27
27
27
26
27
28
28
27
26
STD T
Lrnx Ltnrt DEV
41.9 28.
40.2 29.
39.6 27.
41.4 26. <
49.0 26.
41.9 25.
49. O 24.
46.5 24.
46.7 24.
49.7 24.
48.6 26.
SO. 1 25.
48. 1 27.
55.6 28.
54.6 26.
57.9 31.
59.9 29.
51.8 27. (
49.9 26.
46.6 27.
49.4 27.
1.2 -
1.2 -
1. 1 -
) 1.6 -
1.7 -
1.8 -
1.7 -
2. 1 -
2.3 -
2.3 -
2. 1 -
3.3 -
3.0 -
3.7 -
4.2 -
3.4 -
5.2 -
2.8 -
3. 0 -
1.7 -
2.6 -
53. 1 27. 1 4. 8 -
49.9 27. 1 5.2 -
48.2 27. 1 4.4 -
46. 6 27. 1 5. 1 -
48. 8 26. 1 4. 7 -
37.6 26.0 0.7 -
41.9 26. 1 1.1-
46.9 26. 0 1.2 -
49.9 26. 0 1.8 -
61.9 25. 1 2. 1 -
54. 9 25. 5. 1 -
64.2 25. 6.6 -
52.8 25. 4.4 -
56.9 25. 3.7 -
65.8 26.0 4.8 -
58. 1 25. S. 9 -
62.3 25. 3.7 -
50.6 25. 0 3.9 -
54.5 26. 5.9 -
54. 4 26. 3. 9 -
47.7 27. 3.3 -
45.3 26.0 2.5 -
45. 8 26. 1 1.3 -
52. 8 27. 1 2. 2 -
47.2 27. 1 4.6 -
44.2 26. 1 4.3 -
41.9 25. 1 3.6 -
E
MET Q
H W I
(V) P
- - F
F
- - F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
- - F
F
F
F
_ « c
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
«• « C
rl t_m P
F
- - F
T_m rm |—
F
- - F
- - F
- - F
m_ m | r^
- - F
F
- - F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
-------
PAGE 2O
O6-Feb-85
10
T S
ft D
Bi i
U
L N
E D
89 E
as E
as E
as E
as E
as E
as E
as E
as E
as E
as E
as E
as E
as E
as E
as E
as E
as e
as E
as E
as E
as E
as E
as E
90 E
90 E
90 E
90 E
9O E
SO E
90 E
90 E
90 E
9O E
9O E
90 E
9O E
9O E
9O E
90 E
90 E
9O E
90 E
90 E
9O E
SO E
90 E
90 E
ft S
RT
A
E T
ft E
B 7
B 7
S 7
B 7
G 7
B 7
B 7
B 7
G 7
B 7
B 7
B 7
B 7
B 7
G 7
G 7
G 7
G 7
6 7
S 7
B 7
B 7
B 7
G 7
6 7
G 7
G 7
G 7
G 7
G 7
G 7
G 7
G 7
G 7
G 7
G 7
B 7
G 7
B 7
B 7
B 7
B 7
G 7
B 7
Q 7
G 7
Q 7
Q 7
D
T
E
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/£l
7/£l
7/21
7/£l
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/21
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/2£
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/£2
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/£2
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/E2
v/aa
LEVEL (dB«>
HOURS Leq L. 01
OOOO-O100
01 OO-020O
02OO-O3OO
0300-0400
O400-0500
05OO-06OO
O60O-O7OO
0700-oaoo
oaoo-09oo
09OO-10OO
1OOO-11OO
1100-1200
12OO-13OO
13OO-1400
14OO-150O
1500-160O
16OO-17OO
i7oo-iaoo
1800- 1 90O
190O-2OOO
20OO-21 OO
2100-2200
22OO-23OO
230O-OOOO
OOOO-OIOO
Ol OO-020O
O200-0300
03OO-O40O
04OO-O5OO
05OO-O6OO
0600-O70O
070O-O80O
oaoo-0900
0900-1000
1OOO-11OO
1100-1200
1200-1300
130O-14OO
1400-1500
150O-16OO
16OO-1700
170O-18OO
laoo-isoo
1SOO-2OOO
2000-21 oo
ei 00-2200
E2OO-23OO
33OO-OOOO
30.5
£8.6
2S. 7
28.7
29. 1
28.7
28. 1
28.7
31.5
31.9
32. 1
36.5
36. 1
35.7
35. 1
31.5
30.6
£9.9
42.9
33.0
32.8
50. 1
49.7
33. 1
31.4
28.4
28. 1
28.5
27.9
27.9
32.5
47.8
3O. 7
31. 8
30.7
31. 7
£9. 1
33.4
42. O
35.8
34.3
42. O
3O. 8
31. 1
3O. 1
47.6
51.4
41. &
41
33
34
47
51
37
46
49
57
51
47
46
53
54
5O
50
54
49
70
47
49
58
56
44
42
32
33
45
49
41
48
78
57
51
46
47
47
49
7O
48
52
56
45
56
47
52
55
54
L. 1
37
31
33
41
45
36
39
44
48
49
41
43
50
52
46
45
48
46
68
42
48
57
55
44
41
31
32
41
41
38
46
74
49
49
44
45
43
47
66
43
46
55
41
48
41
52
55
54
LI
35
31
32
32
36
33
34
37
42
41
36
41
44
43
41
41
41
38
47
40
44
56
54
43
41
30
29
33
33
32
43
42
39
42
4O
41
37
41
48
42
42*
52
39
38
38
52
54
53 '
L5 L10
32
30
31
29
30
3O
31
33
35
33
34
39
40
39
38
36
34
32
35
37
39
55
54
43
39. •
£9
£8
29
30
29
39
31
34
34
33
37
33
38
37
4O
39
49
34
33
33
51
54
53
31
£9
30
29
29
29
29
3O
32
33
33
38
38
38
37
34
31
30
31
36
32
S3
54
42
3O
£9
£8
£9
£8
£8
35
29
31
32
31
34
30
36
34
38
38
46
33
31
30
SO
54
*1
L33
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
—
—
L50
30
28
29
28
£7
£8
£7
26
27
30
31
35
34
33
33
28
26
28
£8
29
28
48
43
29
£8
£8
28
27
27
27
27
27
27
28
28
28
£7
31
28
34
30
34
28
28
£8
46
52
29
L9O
28
27
28
£7
26
27
26
25
25
28
29
32
30
29
30
26
25
£6
£8
£8
£7
32
£9
£8
£7
27
27
27
26
£6
26
26
26
26
27
26
26
27
26
31
£8
£9
26
27
28
29
34
£9
MET
STD T H
L99 LMK Lmn DEV (F)
27 41.8 27.0 1.5 -
£6 35.9 £6.O l.O -
£7 34. 3 £7. 0 .1 -
£6 48. 3 £6.O .3 -
26 52. 1 25. 1 . 8 -
26 37.9 £6.O .2 -
25 46. 2 25.0 .8 -
24 50. 4 24. 1 2. 7 -
25 57.6 24. 1 3. 4 -
27 51. a 26. 3 £.4 -
£9 47.8 £8. 1 1.6 -
3O 46.7 £8. £. 4 -
£3 53.4 £8. 3.2 -
28 54.2 £7. 3. 5 -
28 51.3 27. £.9 -
25 51.6 25. 3. 4 -
25 57. 1 £4. 3.2 -
£5 49.9 £4. 2. 4 -
27 71.2 26. 3.7 -
£7 48. £ £6. 3. 3 -
£7 50.5 £6.2 3.4 -
£8 58.5 £7. 7. 9 -
£7 56.6 £6. 9. 3 -
£7 44.9 £6. 6. 3 -
£6 42. 6 £6. 3. 1 -
£6 3£. 5 £6. 0. 7 -
£6 33.3 £6. 0. 6 -
26 46.4 £6. 1.3 -
£5 49. 4 £5. 1.5 -
£6 41.9 25. 1.2 -
£5 49. 1 £4. 4.2-
£5 78.6 £5. 3. 5 -
£6 57.9 £5. 2. 7 -
£6 51.6 £5. 3. 1 -
£6 47.6 £5. £. 5 -
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£5 47. 4 £4. 1 2. 4 -
£5 49.9 £4. 1 3.3 -
£5 70. 1 24. 1 4. 5 -
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£8 56.4 27. 1 6.4 -
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POGE £1
OG-Feb-BS
T S
R Q R S
B U R I
L N E T
E D R E
91 E B 7
91 E B 7
91 E B 7
91 E B 7
91 E G 7
91 E S 7
91 E G 7
91 E B 7
91 E 8 7
91 E B 7
91 E B 7
91 E B 7
91 E Q 7
91 E B 7
91 E B 7
91 E B 7
91 E G 7
91 E B 7
91 E G 7
91 E B 7
91 E G 7
91 E 6 7
91 E B 7
91 E B 7
92 E Q 7
92 E B 7
92 E B 7
92 E B 7
92 E 8 7
92 E B 7
92 E G 7
92 E B 7
92 E B 7
92 E G 7
92 E G 7
92 E G 7
92 E B 7
92 E G 7
92 E G 7
92 E G 7
92 E G 7
92 E G 7
92 E B 7
92 E G 7
92 E G 7
92 E G 7
92 E G 7
92 E G 7
D
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LEVEL (dBO)
E HOURS Leq L. 01
7/23 0000-O100 £8.7
7/23 01 00-O2OO £8.8
7/£3 O£OO-0300 £8.0
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7/23 0500-06OO £8.8
7/£3 0600-0700 30. 1
7/23 O70O-O800 3O. 4
7/23 0800-0900 3O. 3
7/23 090O-10OO 28.2
7/23 1000-1 10O 30.7
7/23 1100-1£00 40.2
7/23 1200-1300 4£. 7
7/23 13OO-14OO 41.5
7/23 14OO-15OO 34.3
7/£3 1500-16OO £9.4
7/£3 160O-17OO 36.4
7/23 1700-1800 33.7
7/23 180O-190O 30.0
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7/23 2000-2100 29.8
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PAGE 82 06-Feb-aS
T S , LEVEL <*> IV) P
93 E G 7 7/25 OOOO-01OO 3O. 2 34 34 33 32 31 - 30 87 26 34.6 £5.1 1.2 SO 1OO - F
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93 E G 7 7/25 06OO-O7OO - ________________
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93 E 6 7 7/35 IOOO-110O - ________________
93 E G 7 7/25 11OO-12OO - ________________
93 E S 7 7/25 12OO-13OO - ________________
93 E G 7 7/25 13OO-14OO - ________________
93 E 6 7 7/25 140O-15OO - ________________
93 E G 7 7/25 150O-16OO - ________________
93 E 6 7 7/25 16OO-17OO - ________________
93 E G 7 7/25 170O-18OO - ________________
93 E G 7 7/25 180O-19OO - ________________
93 E G 7 7/25 1900-2OOO - ________________
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-------
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73.5 51. OO
71.7 47.87
71.4 44.0O
72.1 41. 12
72. 1 44. 37
72.5 41.50
72.7 41. 12
74. 1 53. 62
69. 8 47.00
73.2 55.00
7O.O 44.75
78.0 54.73
70.6 42.37
HET
BTD T H
DEV
<_ _ _
_ _ _
- . - -
- - -
_ _ _
_ _ -
_ - -
_ _ _
_ _ _
_ _ -
- - -
_ _ _
_ _ _
_ - _
_ _ _
_ _ _
_ _ _
_ _ _
_ _ .
_ _ _
_ _ _
_ _ -
_ _ _
_ _ _
_ _ _
_ _ _
_ _ _
_ _ _
W
(V)
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
E
Q
I
P
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
J
-------
PAGE 1 Ol-Nov-B*
LEVEL E
MET a
---- ---- --- U
. - BTD T H W I
LS L1O L33 LSO L90 8EL LMM Our DEV (F) <*> (V) P
- - - - - 7a.9 (d») L
- - - - - 93. a. ----L
- - - - - 87.6 ,•---- L
- - - -v - 84.O ••/---- t_
- - - - - 79.3 »,•---- L
- - - - - 81.0 U
- - - - - 81.1 ----- L
- - - - - 73.8 ".---- L
- - - - - 72. 7 », ____(_
- - - - - 76.4 „ ___-L
_ _ _ _ _ 9B. O ' - - - - U
63. 1 ----- L
63.6 ----- L
66.6-----L
62.9 ----- L
63.O-----L
66.7 ----- L
66.3 - - - - - L
6O. 8 ----- L
63. 6 ----- L
60. 3 ----- L
63.6- - - - -U
9O. 4 (dB) K
71.5 -. _ _ _ - K
63. 1 ----- K
70. 1 ----- K
66> 2 _____ K
68.7 ----- K
69.8 ----- K
69.1 _____ K
&t.8 ----- K
63.3 ----- K
7O.Q _____ K
72.9 ----- K
T
ft
B
L
E
101
101
101
101
101
101
101
101
101
101
101
102
102
102
1O2
102
1O2
102
102
102
102
102
103
103
1O3
103
1O3
103
103
1O3
103
1O3
1O3
103
s
o
U
N
D
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
M
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
ft
R
E
ft
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
B
I
T
E
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
O
O
T
E HOURS
7/22
7/22
7/22 - - -
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/28
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22
7/22 - - -
7/22
7/22
7/22 -
7/22
7/22
7/22 -
—
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
"
_
-
_
-
_
_
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-------
PAGE 1
Oi-Nov-84
T
A
B
L
E
104
104
104
1O4
104
1O4
1O4
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
^ 104
-j 104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
105
105
1O3
1O5
105
105
1OS
105
105
1O5
s
0
U
N
D
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
A
H
E
A
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
8
I
T
E
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
17
D
A
T
E
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
7/24
HOURS
LS
L10
L33
LEVEL (dBA)
L50
L9O
BEL
79.9
75.8
72.2
74.7
85.2
86.1
71.4
72.3
82.4
B6.2
82.4
aa. o
63.2
87.9
81.7
88. B
80.3
90.3
89. 1
83.7
70. 1
80. O
aa. 4
90.9
86.2
87.4
87.3
82.1
87. a
81.3
83.3
81.2
84.9
77. 2
79.7
87.6
77.1
Lrax
69.0
66.2
66.7
67.6
73.5
76.7
65.7
67.1
72. O
75.4
72.3
76.4
74.7
7S.5
75.9
78.9
74.2
80.4
77.6
73.6
63.7
71.1
79. O
87. 1
75.9
81.7
79.9
73.6
79.9
72.9
75.7
73.2
74.3
70. 1
71. a
75.2
70. 1
MET
____ ____ ___
BTD T H M
Dur DEV (V)
32. 12 -
31.37
16.37 -
21.87 -
78.75 -
60. 12 -
1O.62
18.25 -
37.00 -
64cOO - - - -
36. 87
98. 75 - - . -
36. 37 -
82. OO -
44.OO -
92.62 -
3O. 12
96.25
96. 12 -
63.62 -
1O.37
41.25 -
78. 12
65,87 -
79.62 -
61.75 -
76.37 -
32.25
63.62
45. 37
67. 12
41.12
B5. 12
29.50 -
45.25 - - - -
89. 75
24.62 -
E
Q
U
I
P
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
H
M
M
M
M
H
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
H
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
-------
TABLE 106
Helicopter Sound Levels
HELICOPTER OCTAVE BOND LEVELS
SITE
(Helena National Forest)
filter
Leq
Lmx
July 16, 1961 Time : 124543-124733
(Helicopter Passby)
Lmn
31.5
63
125
250
50O
1000
200O
4000
aooo
16000
All pass
A-Meighted
67.5
71.4
64.3
63.3
64. O
57.3
46.9
38. 2
38.5
37.7
75. 1
63.1
72. 5
77.4
72.5
76.9
77.6
70.3
91.0
44.3
4S.5
41.5
81.1
76.0
62.5
6O.5
49.5
4S.5
48.4
43.4
38.4
34.4
38. O
37.2
68.6
50.5
HELICOPTER OCTAVE BOND LEVELS
SITE 21
(Helena National Forest)
July 16, 1981 Time : 161053-161653
(Helicopter hovering at 51OO ft. distance)
filter
Leq
Lmx
'Lmn
Lmean L.01 L.1
LI
1.3
L10 L50 L90 L99
5.0.
31.5
63
125
250
500
1000
200O
4000
800O
16000
All pass
A-weighted
59.2
54.0
42.0
31.2
31.9
28.8
22.8
19.8
16.6
13. 1
62.1
33.0
64.6
60.9
SO. 8
38.7
4O.6
37.4
27.5
28.7
25.6
16.5
66.4
39.8
37.2
37.5
25. 1
24.4
25.3
22.4
2O. 1
18.3
15.4
12.3
41.5
27.3
58.2
53.0
4O. 3
30.5
30.9
27.9
22.7
19.6
16.5
13.1
61.1
32.5
65
61
51
39
41
38
28
29
27
17
67
4O
63
60
50
37
4O
37
27
28
26
16
66
39
63
59
48
36
39
36
26
25
19
14
65
39
61
57
46
34
36
33
24
21
17
13
64
36
61
56
44
33
34
31
24
20
17
13
63
35
59
53
41
30
30
27
£2
19
16
13
62
32
53
49
34
27
28
25
21
18
16
12
57
29
4O
40
27
25
26
23
20
18
15
12
43
27
4. 1
3.4
4.2
2.3
2.5
2.4
1.0
1.2
0.8
0.4
4. 1
2. 1
(continued)
178
-------
Table 106 (continued)
HELICOPTER OCTAVE BAND LEVELS
SITE 21
(Helena National Forest)
filter
Leq
Lmx
July 16, 1981 Tim* s 154223-152353
(Helicopter Passby)
Lmn
31.5
£3
125
250
5OO
1000
200O
4000
8000
160OO
All pass
A— weighted
71.0
£9.2
SO. O
£4. 1
£1.5
56. 3
50.1
46. 2
46. 4
46.0
74.2
60. £
76.0
75.4
£5.3
71. O
£9.2
65.3
57.4
49.3
46.9
46.4
78.5
67.6
60.5
58.4
52.4
48.4
49.8
47.4
45.4
45.4
46.2
45.3
65.5
49.4
HELICOPTER OCTAVE BAND LEVELS
SITE 21
(Helena National Forest)
filter
Laq Lmx
July 16, 1981 Tim* i 154318-154418
(Helicopter Passby)
Lmn
31.5
£3
125
250
5OO
1OOO
200O
4000
eooo
16000
All pass
A— weighted
70.5
£9.5
58.3
56.2
56.6
50.3
41.6
36. 1
35.9
35.1
73.8
54.6
78.2
79.0
66.2
67.2
65.7
57.9
46. 1
37.7
37.5
37.5
81.4
63.5
55.5
54.5
43.4
42.4
42.2
37.4
35.3
35. 1
35.4
34.4
61.0
41.4
(continued)
179
-------
Table 106 (continued)
HELICOPTER OCTAVE BOND LEVELS SITE 21 (Helena National Forest)
July 16, 1981 Time t 134350-155005
-------
APPENDIX E
PROPAGATION FACTORS
The propagation factors listed below were obtained from meteoro-
logical data supplied by the Polebridge Ranger Station, Montana. These
data were entered into a computer program to determine atmospheric
attenuation factors, by octave band, for each day for which data was
available. The results were transcribed by hand onto computer disk-
ettes. The transcription process was reviewed and errors were
corrected.
The following key is used in the index to identify the tables in
this Appendix:
Source P Polebridge Ranger.Station
•
Area G Glacier National Park
Met T Temperature
H Humidity
W Wind
R 111
181
-------
INDEX TO PROPAGATION FACTOR TABLES
o>
to
Table
No.
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
Sound
Source Area
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
G
Site
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Date
6/3-28/78
6/29/78-7/24/78
7/25/78-8/19/78
8/20/78-6/25/79
6/26/79-7/21/79
7/22/79-8/16/79
8/17/79-5/29-80
5/30/80-6/24/80
6^25/80-7/20/80
7/21/80-8/15/80
8/16/80-8/31/80
Sound Levels
Propagation Factors
Propagation Factors
Propagation Factors
Propagation Factors
Propagation Factors
Propagation Factors
Propagation Factors
Propagation Factors
Propagation Factors
Propagation Factors
Propagation Factors
Met
T,H
T,H
T,H
T,H
T,H
T,H
T,H
T,H
T,H
T,H
T,H
-------
lS-Nov-84
CD1
GJ
A 0
D I
L S
E E
106 -
106 -
1(96 -
106 -
106 -
106 -
106 -
106 -
106 -
106 -
106 -
106 -
106 -
106 -
106 -
106 -
106 -
106 -
106 -
106 -
106 -
106 -
106 -
1»6 -
106 -
106 -
A
R
E
R
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
S
I
T
E
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
D
A
T
E
6/ 1
6/ 2
6/ 3
6/ 4
6/ 5
6/ 6
6/ 7
6/ O
6/ 9
6/10
6/11
6/12
6/13
6/14
6/15
6/16
6/17
6/18
6/19
6/20
6/21
6/22
6/23
6/24
6/25
6/26
/78
/78
/78
/?a
/7B
/78
/7fl
/7B
/7fl
/78
/78
/78
/?a
/7B
/7a
/?a
/?a
/?a
/7fl
/7a
/7a
/?a
/?a
/?a
/?a
/?a
ATMOSPHERIC ATTENUATION
COEFFICIENTS (DB/1000FT)
HOURS
16
31.S
63
125
250
580
0.003
0.002
•0.001
0.005
0.004
-0.001
0.005
0.007
0.000
0.004
0. 000
0.005
0. 008
0.005
0.005
0.004
0. 006
0.004
0.001
0.012
0.003
0.002
0.006
0.005
0.004
0.000
0.011
0.009
0.005
0.013
0.012
0.001
0. 015
0.017
0.003
0.011
0.004
0.013
0.018
0.013
0.013
0.011
0.017
0.013
0.008
0.027
0.010
0.010
0.014
0.014
0.012
0.006
0.038
0.036
0.032
0.038
0.040
0.015
0.043
0.044
0.020
0.036
0.021
0.039
0.046
0.037
0.038
0.033
0. 050 * *
0.042
0.036
0.070
0.032
0.039
0.040
0.043
0.040
0.038
0. 132
0. 131
0. 143
0. 116
0. 135
0.074
0. 133
0. 119
0.088
0. 114
0.090
0. 120
0. 122
0. 110
0. 112
0. 105
0. 153
0. 137
0. 138
0. 191
0. 105
0. 143
0. 120
0. 137
0. 137
0. 157
0.418
0.426
0.481
0.360
0.414
0.292
0. 371
0.314
0.304
0.347
0.299
0.349
0.308
0.315
0.312
0.314
0.405
0.408
0.446
0.463
0.328
0.441
0.340
0.400
0.416
0.502
1.006
1.042
1. 105
0.936
0. 95b
0. 883
0.748
0.669
0.753
0.829
0.700
0.785
0.611
0.724
0.676
0.751
0.755
0.906
1.023
0.794
0. 807
0.951
0.744
0.870
0.940
1.058
6TO
DEV
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
T
77
79
83
75
74
75
62
54
60
67
55
64
49
58
54
60
61
71
78
71
65
74
61
£9
73
82
MET
H
41.9
40.2
32.0
56.9
43.0
79. 1
53.2
77.5
89.5
64.3
100.0
62.9
81.4
78.9
83.0
79.5
36.0
44.2
36.6
£4.9
72.0
36.7
65.7
46.4
42.3
£8.7
U
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
E
0
U
I
P
-------
15-Nov-a4
T N
ft 0 ft G D
B I R I ft
L S E T T
E E fl E E
HOURS
ATMOSPHERIC ftTTENUOTION
COEFFICIENTS (DB/1000FT)
31.S
63
125
250
see
STD
DEV
MET
H
(X)
W
(V)
E
Q
U
I
P
CD
107
107
107
107
107
107
107
107
107
107
107
107
107
107
107
107
107
107
107
107
107
107
1W7
107
107
107
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
— f*
_ p"
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
6/29
6/30
7/ 1
7/ £
7/ 3
7/ 4
7/ 5
7/ 6
7/ 7
7/ 8
7/ 9
7/10
7/11
7/l£
7/13
7/14
7/13
7/16
7/17
7/18
7/19
7/£0
7/£l
7/22
7/23
7/24
/7B
/78
/78
/70
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/7fl
DRY BULB
-0.001
-0.001
0.006
0.004
- - - 0.004
DRY BULB
- 0.004
-0.001
- - - -0.001
- - - 0. 000
0.006
- - - 0. 004
- 0.005
- - - 0. 003
- 0.001
- - - DRY BULB
- - - 0.005
- - - 0. 004
- - - 0.001
- - - 0. 005
- - - 0.003
- - - 0. 000
- - - 0.003
0. 028
- - - 0. 005
TEMP. IS
0.002
0. 002
0.014
0.011
0.011
TEMP. IS
0.011
0.001
0.003
0.002
0.015
0.014
0.014
0.010
0.008
TEMP. IS
0.014
0.011
0.006
0.014
0.01£
0.004
0.009
0.056
0.052
LESS THfiN
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
180
018
042
035
033
LESS THON
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
036
014
019
015
042
045
043
036
035 .
LESS TflflN
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
039
035
025
044
042
021
030
119
118
WET BULB
0.083
0. 083
0. 129
0. 112
0. 108
WET BULB
0. 114
0.070
0. 0b6
0.071
0. 129
0. 149
0. 135
0. 134
0. 135
WET BULB
0. 119
0. 112
0.097
0. 138
0. 147
0. 067
0. 105
0. 258
0.275
TEMP.
0.£96
0.298
0.387
0.339
0.329
TEMP.
0.347
0.275
0.301
0.275
0.376
0.421
0.383
0.421
0.443
TEMP.
0.363
0.339
0.307
0.382
0.432
0.317
0.340
0.542
0.616
0.775
0.775
0.942
0.804
0.794
0.829
0.808
0.764
0. 833
0.859
0.822
0.849
0.991
1.042
0.926
0.804
0.681
0. 739
0. 884
0.902
0.878
1.017
1. 141
62
62
74
65
£4
e
£7
65
61
68
69
66
68
76
79
0
74
65
54
61
70
75
71
78
87
89.8
89.8
49.6
67.6
71.6
64.3
95. 1
89.7
90.6
53.7
36.8
49.3
41. £
37.3
56.4
67.6
94. £
48. £
36.7
71.4
66. 1
15.4
12.6
-------
iS-Nov-84
T N
ft Q ft S D
B I R I ft
L S E T T
E E ft E E
HOURS
16
OTMOSPHERIC fiTTENUftTION
COEFFICIENTS
E
Q
U
00
Ui
103
ida
ida
ida
i0a
ida
ida
ida
ida
ida
103
ida
tea
iea
tea
ida
ida
iea
tea
ida
ida
Ida
ida
Ida
Ida
ida
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
— f~
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
7/20
7/21
7/22
7/23
7/24
7/25
7/26
a/ i
8/ 2
a/ 3
a/ 4
Q/ 5
a/ &
a/ 7
a/ a
a/ 9
a/id
a/u
a/12
a/i3
a/i4
a/is
a/i&
a/i?
a/ia
a/i9
/78
/78
/78
/7a
/78
/?a
/78
/78
/78
/7a
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/7B
/78
/?a
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/7B
/78
/?a
- - - 0. 0d0
- - - 0. 0d2
- - - 0. 005
- - - 0. edl
- - - 0. 0d3
- - - 0. 0d2
- - - DRY BULB
- — - 0. 0d6
- - - 0. 0d6
- - - 0.005
- - - 0. 0d3
- 0.001
— — — 0. ed i
— — — 0. 0d4
— — — 0. ede
- - - -0. eei
- - - 0.0(81
- - - 0. 004
- - - 0. 002
- - - 0.005
0. 0d5
- - - 0.000
0. 0d6
0.003
- - - 0. 006.
- - - 0. 000
0. 007
0. 0d8
0.013
0. 0d8
0.01 1
0.009
TEMP. IS
0.014
0.015
0.016
0. 0d9
0. 006
0.008
0.011
0. 0d6
0.003
0.008
0.012
0.007
0.012
0.014
0.004
0.015
0.009
0.014
0.015
0.039
0.033
0.028
0.036
0.038
0.036
LESS THAN
0.041
0.043
0.054
0.035
0.030
0.035
0.037
0.032
0.031 o
0.041 •
0.040
0.027
0.035
0.043
0.022
0.043
0.031
0.033
0.041
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
163
127
117
138
132
131
MET BULB
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
12£
131
178
126
123
135
125
132
143
163
131
096
109
135
093
131
108
117
119
0.516
0.429
d. 3S9
0.446
0.418
0.426
TEMP.
0.375
0. 378
0.492
0.416
0.431
0.443
0.404
0.448
0.490
0.505
0.407
0.316
0.322
0.381
0.309
d. 359
0.316
0.331
0.330
1.063
1.094
0.896
1.023
1. 006
1.042
0.977
0.844
0.903
1.071
1. 146
1.042
1.048
1.097
1. 142
1.027
0.986
0.820
0.759
0.798
0.729
0.716
0.640
0.738
0.722
83
82
72
78
77
79
77
68
76
81
as
79
80
82
85
81
76
66
61
65
58
60
51
60
59
£7.0
39.3
59.0
36.6
41.9
40.2
51 „ 3
53. 1
26.6
41.4
38.4
37.3
43.7
36.6
30.9
£8.0
44.3
76.7
75.0
51. 1
89.2
56.2
87.9
69.9
69.4
-------
T
ft
B
L
E
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
109
103
103
103
103
103
103
103
100
103
103
103
N
0 fl
I R
S E
E A
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
S
I
T
E
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
D
A
T
E
8/£0
8/21
8/£2
8/£3
a/24
8/£5
a/26
a/£7
a/28
8/£9
8/30
8/31
9/ 1
9/ 2
9/ 3
9/ 4
a/16
a/17
a/ia
a/is
8/20
a/£i
a/£2
8/23
a/24
8/£5
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/78
/79
/79
/73
/79
/79
/73
/79
/79
/79
/79
ATMOSPHERIC RTTENUflTION
COEFFICIENTS
MET
HOURS
31.5
125
£5(9
100
0.003
0.005
0.00S
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.005
0.005
0.00S
0.005
0.006
0.000
0.005
0.003
0.003
0.000
0.004
0.005
0.005
0.004
0.005
0.004
0.004
0.003
0.003
0. 002
0.010
0.013
0.013
0.015
0.016
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.015
0.004
0.014
0.011
0.010
0.006
0.013
0.013
0.014
0.010
0.014
0. 012
0. 012
0.012
0.011
0.010
0.033
0.039
0.037
0.042
0.043
0.039
0.043
0.040
0.041
0.043
0.042
0.022
0.040
0.038
0.032
0. 036 k
0.045*
0.043
0.043
0.033
0.044
0.042
0.043
0. 041
0.043
0.039
0. 110
0. 118
0. 110
0. 129
0. 125
0. 117
0. 136
0. 1£4
0. 125
0. 134
0. 129
0.033
0. 122
0. 132
0. 107
0. 146
0. 152
0. 138
0. 139
0. 105
0. 135
0. 144
0. 146
0. 142
0. 156
0. 143
0.315
0.340
0.315
0.360
0.338
0.331
0.391
0.365
0.367
0.396
0.376
0.309
0.350
0.418
0.342
0.474
0.430
0.401
0.393
0.311
0.370
0.422
0.423
0.422
0.466
0.441
0.627
0.760
0.724
0.748
0.696
0. 738
0.833
0.857
0.842
0.900
0.853
0.729
0.769
1.006
0.867
1.045
0.844
0. ass
0.789
0. 716
0.717
0.874
0.856
0.891
0.938
0.351
STO
DEV
T
(F)
H
50
62
58
62
58
60
67
69
68
71
69
58
63
77
70
80
68
68
64
57
60
69
68
70
75
74
87.7
66.2
78.9
57.4
64. 1
69.9
48.6
57.5
56.9
47.7
53.7
89.2
62.3
41.9
65.7
32.5
35.0
'- 45.6
46.5
83.8
51.8
39.3
38.5
40. 1
31.4
36.7
w
(V)
E
Q
U
I
P
-------
15-Nov-84
T
ft
El
L
£
10
ltd
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
N
O ft
I R
B E
E ft
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
S
I
T
E
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
0
A
T
E
6/£6
6/27
6/28
6/£9
6/30
7/ 1
7/ £
7/ 3
7/ 4
7/ 5
7/ 6
7/ 7
7/ 8
7/ 9
7/10
7/11
7/12
7/13
7/14
7/15
7/16
7/17
7/18
7/19
7/20
7/21
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
fiTMDSPHERIC ftTTENUATIQN
COEFFICIENTS (DB/1000FT)
MET
HOURS
31. 5
63
125
£50
500
0. 001
0.006
0. 001
0.0013
*.0i36
0.002
0.007
0.004
0.006
0.004
0. 002
0.006
0.003
0.001
0.000
•0.001
0.00S
0.004
0.000
0.006
0.006
0.005
•0. 002
0. 004
0. 002
0.005
0.009
0.015
0.00B
0.004
0.014
0.007
0.016
0.012
0.014
0.011
0.009
0.014
0.009
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.014
0.012
0.003
0.015
0.014
0.013
0. 002
-0.001
0. 002
0.013
0.043
0.042
0.035
0.030
0. 042
0.028
0.044
0.042
0.039
0.037
0.035
0.042
0.030
0.022
0.018
0.018
0.043*
0.043
0.020
0.041
0.041
0.039
0.027
0.026
0. 029
0.038
0. 170
0. 127
0. 135
0. 135
0. i29
0. 104
0. 126
8. 144
0. U6
0. 127
0. 128
0. 129
0. 102
0.090
0.063
0.083
0. 135
0. 146
C.005
0. 124
0. 123
0. 124
0. 130
0. 146
0. 141
0. 121
0.519
0.383
0.443
0.471
0.369
0.315
0.337
0.422
0.365
0.409
0.421
0.387
0.338
0.320
0.308
0.298
0.381
0.423
0.311
0.375
0.369
0.393
0.474
0.536
0.498
0.388
1.032
0.954
1.042
1. 152
0. 811
0.626
0.680
0.874
0.996
1.035
1.057
0.942
0.919
0.896
0.688
0.775
0.798
0.856
0.883
0.933
0.901
1.024
1.213
1.257
1. 181
1.035
STD
DEV
T
(F)
H
(*>
82
75
79
85
66
53
57
69
79
79
80
74
75
74
74
62
65
68
73
74
72
79
88
92
87
80
26.2
50.2
37.3
33.3
55.7
88.3
63.6
39.3
52.3
43.1
40.8
49.6
64.0
71. 1
74.9
89.8
51. 1
38.5
74.7
53.0
55. 4
46. 1
32.8
24.4
29.8
46.7
E
Q
U
I
P
-------
lS-Nov-84
00
T N
ft O ft S O
B I H I A
L S E T T
E E 0 E E
ATMOSPHERIC ATTENUATION
COEFFICIENTS (DB/1000FT)
HOURS
111
111
111
111
111
111
111
111
111
111
111
111
111
111
111
11
11
11
1 1
11
U
1 1
11
1 11
1 11
1 1 1
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
7/££
7/£3
7/£4
7/25
7/26
7/£7
7/28
7/£9
7/30
7/31
a/ i
8/ £
a/ 3
a/ 4
a/ 5
a/ 6
a/ ?
a/ a
a/ 9
a/i0
a/u
a/i£
a/i3
a/i4
a/is
a/i&
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
779
31. S
63
1£5
500
STD
DEV
-0.001
0.004
0.001
0.004
0.001
0.002
0.000
-0.001
0.004
0.001
0.000
0.001
0.002
0.006
0.005
0. 001
0.000
0.007
0.006
-0.001
0. 001
0.002
0. 002
0.003
0.014
0.005
0.001
0.011
0.006
0.011
0.008
0. 008
0.004
0.002
0.010
0.003
0.004
0.008
0.009
0.015
0.012
0.009
0.006
0. 0£0
0.018
0.005
0.007
0.009
0.009
0.014
0. 03£
0.015
0.014
0.033
0.025
0.033
0.038
0.033
0.020
0.016
0.031
0.014
0.018
0.035
0.036
0.041
0.036
0.042 .
0.036*
0.063
0.059
0.036
0.035
0.039
0.037
0.040
0. 078
0.054
0.071
0. 105
0.095
0. 108
0. 149
0. 1£7
0. 0a£
0.075
0.099
0.056
0.076
0. 135
0. 131
0. 124
0. 11£
0. 161
0. 146
0. £03
0. 191
0. 157
0. 14£
0. 147
0. 138
0. 1££
0.203
0. lfl£
0. £82
0.342
0.322
0.329
0.464
0.429
0. £94
0.288
0.331
0.234
0. £88
0.443
0.426
0.379
0. 369
0.492
0.474
0.560
0.522
0.512
0.459
0.453
0.436
0.350
0.477
0.508
0.897
0.967
0. B5£
0.794
0.989
1.094
0.818
0.865
0.975
0.858
0.923
1.042
1. 04£
0.966
1.059
0.995
1.045
1.048
0.943
1.094
1.035
0.959
0.990
0.769
0. 808
0.935
MET
T
:F>
83
79
69
64
77
82
66
7£
81
78
85
79
79
76
83
79
80
84
79
84
79
75
76
63
7£
78
H
73.7
58.8
73.4
71.6
33.0
39.3
85.7
82.5
59.6
91.6
67.6
37.3
40.2
50.7
48.3
£9.0
32.5
£0.7
£3.8
£7.7
34.5
34.4
38. 1
62.3
££.9
£5.6
U
E
Q
U
I
P
-------
lS-Nov-84
03
10
1
1
T
fl
B
L
E
12
12
N
O
I
S
E
-
112 -
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
112 -
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
ft
R
E
n
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
r-
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
S
I
T
E
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
D
fl
T
E
a/i?
a/ia
a/19
a/£0
a/£i
a/£2
a/23
a/24
a/25
a/26
a/27
a/2a
a/29
a/30
a/3i
9/ 1
9/ 2
9/ 3
9/ 4
9/ 5
5/24
5/25
5/26
5/27
5/28
5/29
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/79
/a0
/a0
/a0
/80
/80
/a0
ftTMOSPHERIC OTTENUftTION
COEFFICIENTS (DB/1000FT)
MET
HOURS
16
31.5
63
125
£5(8
500
0.001
0.001
0.005
0.006
0.005
0.005
0.002
0.005
0.003
0.005
0.005
0.002
0.003
0.001
0.000
0.006
0.003
0.002
0.006
0.006
0.010
0. 008
0.005
0.009
0. 006
0.003
0. 008
0.007
0.013
0.014
0.014
0.014
0.009
0.012
0.009
0.014
0.014
0.009
0.010
0.008
0.004
0.015
0.012
0.008
0.015
0.015
0.022
0.017
0.013
0.020
0.015
0.009
0.039
0.035
0.038
0.042
0.041
0.041
0.038
0.036
0.030
0.043
0.043
0.038
0.038
0.035
0.022
0.043 .
0. 04f
0.028
0.044
0.042
0.052
0.045
0.039
0.049
0.044
0.031
0. 156
0. 142
0. 116
0. 127
0. 130
0. 128
0. 141
0. 113
0. 101
0. 134
0. 134
0. 141
0. 136
0. 135
0.093
0. 131
0. 140
0.097
0. 132
0. 125
0. 130
0. 120
0. 117
0. 126
0. 133
0. 108
0. 490
0.459
0.340
0.374
0.396
0.393
0.439
0.330
0.319
0.396
0.398
0.439
0.425
0.443
0.309
0.378
0.420
0.308
0.357
0.349
0.308
0.309
0.310
0.315
0.354
0.316
1.025
1.035
0.775
0.874
0.964
0.977
0.971
0.767
0.797
0.990
0.865
0.971
0.974
1.042
0. 729
0.844
0.908
0. 753
0.685
0.737
0.586
0.623
0.579
0.628
0.656
0.640
BTD
DEV
H
(X)
30
79
63
70
75
76
73
62
64
71
70
75
75
79
58
68
71
60
58
61
49
50
46
52
56
51
£9.8
34. S
66.7
54.3
46.9
47.5
37=4
70.8
76. 1
47.7
47.0
37.4
40.5
37.3
89.2
53. 1
40.9
84. S
54.8
61.2
69.6
81. 7
86.8
71. a
53.3
87.9
(V)
E
Q
U
I
P
-------
T N
ft 0 ft S D
B I R I A
L S E •( T
E E ft E E
HOURS
ATMOSPHERIC ATTENUATION
COEFFICIENTS (DB/1000FT)
31.5
125
£50
500
STD
DEV
MET
H
M
(V)
E
Q
U
I
P
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
1 13
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
113
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
— f-
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
5/30
5/31
&/ 1
&/ £
6/ 3
6/ 4
6/ 5
6/ 6
6/ 7
6/ a
6/ 9
6/10
6/11
6/ia
6/13
6/14
6/15
6/16
6/17
6/18
6/19
6/20
6/£l
&/££
6/23
6/£4
/80
/B0
/B0
/aa
/80
/B0
/B0
/B0
/80
/80
/80
/80
/B0
/B0
/B0
/B0
/B0
/B0
/B0
/80
/B0
/80
/80
/B0
/B0
/80
0.007
0.00S
0.00a
0. 00a
0.007
0.006
0.004
0.005
0.005
0.003
0.003
NO DATA
0.006
0.003
0.016
0.014
0. 018
0.01B
0.016
0.015
0. 010
0.014
0.015
0.012
0.010
0.043
0.040
0.046
0.045
0.043
0.044
0.034
0.044
0.046
0.046
0.039
WAS RECORDED BY THE
0.015
0.01£
0. 04£
0.041
0. ua
0. 1££
0. 1£5
0. 121
0. 120
0. 130
0. 112
0. 137
0. 145
0. 164
0. 138
0.310
0.350
0.326
0.294
0. 30£
0.353
0.314
0.365
0.390
0.479
0. 4£7
0.637
0.769
0.660
0.526
0.546
0.643
0.615
0.658
0.719
0.936
0.957
NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
0. 127
0. 142
DRY BULB TEMP. LESS THAN WET BULB
0.006
0.006
0.005
0.006
0.003
0.005
0.004
0.003
0.005
0.005
0.005
0.015
0.015
0.013
0.015
0.011
0.014
0.013
0.011
0.013
0.015
0.014
0.043
0. 043*
0.033
0.043
0.043
0.043
0.04£
0.043
0.037
0.043
0.045
0. 131
0. 132
0. 1£2
0. 132
0. 156
0. 134
0. 137
0. 156
0. Ill
0. 133
0. 147
0.349
0.422
TEMP.
0.370
0.386
0.363
0.386
0.466
0.396
0. 408
0.466
0.322
0.371
0.412
0.720
0.B91
0.779
0.879
0.871
0.879
0.938
0.900
0.906
0.938
0.745
0. 748
0.797
51
63
55
41
43
55
49
55
58
76
74
60
70
64
70
70
70
70
71
71
75
60
&£
64
aa. i
68.3
67.4
85.4
86.0
52.5
87.5
47.7
41.4
£9.4
39. a
60.6
40. 1
54.5
50.6
58.0
50.6
31.4
47.7
44.2
31.4
74.7
53. £
38.7
-------
15~Nov-84
T
ft
B
L
E
114
114
114
114
114
114
1 14
114
114
114
114
114
114
114
114
114
114
114
114
114
114
114
114
114
114
114
N
O
I
S
E
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
ft
R
E
ft
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
F
S
I
T
E
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
D
A
T
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6/£5
6/26
6/£7
6/aa
6/29
6/30
7/ 1
7/ £
7/ 3
7X 4
7/ 5
7/ &
7/ 7
7/ 8
7/ 9
7/10
7/11
7/12
7/13
7/14
7/15
7/16
7/17
7/18
7/19
7/£0
/aid
/B0
/aid
/BO
/aa
/B0
/a®
/a0
/a0
/aa
/aid
/ad
/act
/aa
/aa
/aa
/aa
/ea
/aa
/aa
/aa
/aa
/aa
/aa
/aa
/aa
ATMOSPHERIC ATTENUATION
COEFFICIENTS (DB/1000FT)
MET
HOURS
16
31.S
63
1£5
£50
500
0.006
0.003
0. 0aa
0.006
0.004
0.006
0.003
0.006
0.006
0.005
0.005
0.006
0.001
0.000
0.002
0.005
0.005
0.006
0.001
0.001
0.003
0.005
0.005
0.003
0.005
0.000
0.015
0.009
0.018
0.015
0.012
0.017
0.011
0.018
0.017
0.014
0.014
0.017
0.003
0.005
0.009
0.013
0.015
0.015
0.006
0.006
0.009
0.014
0.014
0.012
0.013
0.003
0.043
0.031
0.046
0.043
0.042
0.051
0.043
0.059
0.054
0.044
0.044
0.052
0.038
0.034
0.036
0.037
0.047* *
0.042
0. 025
0. 0£6
0.030
0.043
0.043
0.041
0.039
0.020
0. 132
0.102
0o '124
0. 130
O. 140
0. 161
0. 156
0. 191
0. 174
0. 137
0. 136
0. 165
0. 149
0. 147
0. 131
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0. 152
0. 1£3
0.097
0. 100
0. 101
0. 135
0o 135
0. 140
0. 118
«,«r. 0aa
0.371
0.311
0.318
0.359
0.412
0.435
0.466
0.522
0. 476
0.382
0.382
0.447
0.464
0.485
0.426
0.322
0.419
0.339
0.307
0.309
0.319
0.389
0.398
0.420
0.340
0.304
0.763
0.728
0.658
0.732
0.874
0.819
0.938
0.943
0.876
0.767
0.782
0.836
0.989
1.080
1.042
0.745
0. 80S
0.712
0.6B1
0.6BB
0.797
0.849
0.885
0.908
0.760
0.753
STD
DEV
T
(F)
H
<*>
63
58
54
61
69
68
75
79
74
63
64
70
77
82
79
60
65
59
54
53
64
68
70
71
62
60
53.8
84.0
72. 1
56.8
42.8
31.7
31.4
23. 8
£7.7
49.7
50.4
30.2
33.0
31.3
40. £
74.7
35.9
64.7
94.2
94.1
76. 1
49.3
47.0
40.9
66.2
89.5
W
(V)
E
Q
U
I
P
-------
T N
fl 0 ft S D
B I H I fl
L S E T T
E E R E E
HOURS
ftTMDSPHE RIC ftTTENUOTION
COEFFICIENTS
31.S
63
125
250
500
MET
STO
DEV
T
(F)
H
(X)
W
(V)
E
Q
U
I
P
us
us
115
US
US
US
115
US
US
US
IS
15
IS
15
15
US
115
US
US
US
15
IS
15
15
15
US
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- F
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- F
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«. CT
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
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- F
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- F
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P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
7/21
7/22
7/23
7/24
7/25
7/26
7/27
7/28
7/29
7/30
7/31
B/ 1
a/ 2
a/ 3
a/ 4
a/ s
a/ &
a/ 7
a/ a
a/ 9
8/10
a/ u
a/12
a/13
a/14
a/13
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/80
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/B0
/80
/80
/B0
/80
/80
/80
/80
/a0
/BO
/80
/a0
/B0
/80
/80
/80
/80
- -
- -
- -
- -
_ _
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
0.004
0.002
0.000
0.002
0. 000
0.000
0.001
-0.001
0.020
0.008
0.006
0.004
0.004
0.00S
0.004
0.004
0.00S
0.006
0.002
0.00S
0.006
0.003
0.00S
0.004
0.00S
0.006
0.012
0. 00B
0.00S
0.009
0.00S
0.006
0.008
0.00S
0.043
0.022
0.017
0.012
0.012
0.013
0.018
0.012
0.014
0.01S
0.010
0.013
0.014
0.010
0.014
0.012
0.014
0.01S
0.040
0.033
0.034
0.037
0.034
0.036
0.034
0.035
0. 100
0.066
0.058
0.040
0.040
0.038
0. 044 .
0.043
0.044 •"
0'. 042
0.033
0.039
0.039
0.038
0.043
0.040
0.040
0.043
0. 13S
0. 144
0. 147
0. 136
0. 147
0. 152
0.133
0. 152
0.246
0. 199
0. 193
0. 131
0. 137
0. US
0. 149
0. 146
0. 137
0. 123
0. 143
0. 121
0. 117
0. 136
0, 13S
0. 137
0. 121
0. 134
0.414
0.423
0.485
0.433
0. 483
0.488
0.439
0.499
0.571
0.S21
0.535
0.407
0.416
0.331
0.432
0.423
0.382
0.349
0.441
0.358
0.331
0. 425
0. 3B9
0.416
0. 367
0.388
0.956
1. 108
1.080
1.008
1.080
1.053
1.061
1.0B7
1.089
0.918
0.983
0.986
0.940
0.753
0.864
0.856
0.767
0.737
0.931
0.827
0.738
0.974
0. 849
0.940
0.914
0.864
74
83
82
77
82
at
a0
83
82
78
ai
76
73
61
69
68
63
61
74
67
60
75
68
73
73
69
43.0
39.9
31.3
38.8
31.3
30.6
38.0
29.5
16.7
22.9
£3.0
44.3
42.3
70.3
35.9
38.3
49.7
61.2
36.7
60.3
69.9
40.3
49.3
42.3
53. 9
50.0
-------
lS-Nov-84
10
T
A
B
L
E
116
116
u&
lie
116
116
116
116
IB
16
16
16
16
IB
16
116
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0 A
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S £.
E A
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
- F
S
I
T
E
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
D
A
T
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a/i&
a/i7
a/ia
a/i9
a/£0
a/2i
a/ea
a/23
a/a*
a/25
a/£6
a/2?
a/£a
a/29
a/30
8/31
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/aid
/a0
/aa
/ao
/aa
/aid
/aa
/aa
/aa
/aa
/aa
/aa
/aa
HOURS
ATMOSPHERIC ATTENUATION
COEFFICIENTS
MET
31.S
63
125
850
saa
STD
DEV
0.006
0.005
0.001
0.006
0.005
0. 005
0. 006
0.004
0. 006
0.006
0.003
0.006
0.007
0. 008
0.006
0.007
0.015
0.013
0.006
0.015
0.014
0.013
0.O15
0.012
0.015
0.014
0.012
0.015
0.017
0.018
0.015
0.01&
0.042
0.043
0.026
0.041
0.040
0.037
0.043
0.042
0.043
0.043
0.041
0.043
0.046
0.046
0.043
0.044 .
0. 129
0. 138
0.099
' 0.016
0. 122
0. 110
0. 132
0. 141
0. 132
0. 130
0. 142
£>. 132
0. S£9
0. 125
0. 132
0. 126
0.376
0.401
0.307
0.311
0.350
0.315
0.371
0.413
0.379
0.370
0.422
0.358
0.332
0.326
0.371
0.337
0.859
0. ass
0.646
0.650
0.769
0.724
0. 763
0.859
0.829
0.795
0.891
0.700
0.633
0.660
0.763
0.680
H
(*>
69
68
51
52
63
58
63
68
67
65
70
59
54
55
63
57
53.7
45.6
100.0
82. 4
62.3
78.9
53.6
42.0
52.4
55. i
40. 1
55.5
61.7
67.4
S3. 0
63.6
M
(V)
E
Q
U
I
P
-------
APPENDIX F
ADDITIONAL ANALYSIS
This appendix contains additional analyses of sound level data
which supplement the technical procedures presented in the text. The
following topics are considered:
1. Audibility of Sounds
2. A-Weighting
3. Logarithmic Addition of Sound Levels
4. Ground Effect
5. Wind Speed
6. Barrier Attenuation
AUDIBILITY OF SOUNDS
•
Complex sounds, such as blasting sounds* and indigenous sounds in
Glacier National Park, have acoustic energy distributed in varying
amounts among constituent frequencies, as the octave band results in
this report indicate. From the existence of these varying distributions
follows an almost paradoxical conclusion: a blasting sound whose sound
level is less than the sound level of indigenous sounds may, neverthe-
less, be audible.
A complex sound will be audible in a background of masking sound if
it satisfies 'this test: the complex sound must have more acoustic
energy in some (any) critical band than the masking sound does.
"Critical band" has technical significance, but for our purposes, it is
approximately the same as a one-third octave band. As long as the
complex sound and masking sound are smoothly varying over an octave (as
the data indicate they are), the test referred to above may be applied
using octave bands rather than critical bands.
-------
It is quite possible, even likely after long range propagation, for
a blasting sound to have more acoustic energy in a low frequency octave
band than indigenous sounds do. This may occur even though the overall
blasting sound level is less than the overall indigenous sound level,
due to the presence of relatively large amounts of acoustic energy in
high frequency octave bands of the indigenous sound.
It is as if the octave bands vied against one another. All indige-
nous octave bands must win for the blasting sound to become inaudible;
only one blasting octave band need win for the blasting sound to remain
audible.
In applying these ideas, which are known as the critical band plus
threshold method, we have tacitly assumed that the resultant sound level
in an octave band is above the hearing threshold for that octave band.
This tacit assumption is seldom, if ever, violated when assessing
audibility of blasting and other seismic exploration activiites in a
national park.
Audibility thus depends on a comparison of octave band levels. In
the case of a sound due to blasting far away, it is important to assess
•
meteorological and terrain effects on each octave band separately, since
one typically finds the highest octave bands reduced most rapidly with
distance.
In general, the indigenous sound will have statistical variations
within its octave bands. Data elsewhere in this report, for example,
can be used to estimate the probability that indigenous levels in the
250 Hz octave band are less than, say, 27 decibels under certain speci-
fied conditions. If, as a further example, the predicted blasting sound
has a 250 Hz octave band level of 27 decibels under the same specified
conditions, then we may say the blasting sound would be audible 50
percent of the time among health, young adults.
195
-------
A-WEIGHTING
A correction is made to the un-weighted octave band level of a
sound using the A-weighted scale to account for the particular hearing
properties of the human ear. These correction factors are listed below:
Octave Band, Hz 31.5 63 125 250 500 1000 2000
A-weighted
correction, dB -39 -26.2 -16.1 -8.6 -3.2 0 +1.2
LOGARITHMIC ADDITION OF SOUND LEVELS
Two sound levels are added together in the following way:
- 10 log (10L1/1°+ 10L2/1°) (21,
GENERAL FORM OF THE ALGORITHM
The general form of the equation which gives the amplitude of sound
pressure, p, for a given octave band at a distance, d, (neglecting the
effect of terrain barriers for the moment) is the following:
P/P0 - (d^de (21).
•
where p and d are the reference pressure and distance,
o o
respectively
n is a factor representing the overall
attenuation rate
and a is the atmospheric absorbtion for the octave
band
The factor n is influenced by three other factors, ground effect,
temperature inversion, and wind, in the following way (Foch 1980):
n - 1 + g + 0.01 dt - (0.0265u) (Cos w) (23)
where g is a factor which accounts for the effect of ground
reflection and surface discontinuities
dt is the difference in degrees Kelvin, between the
temperature at the height of the source and of the
inversion layer
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u is the wind speed in miles per hour
and w is the angle between the wind direction and the
receiver
GROUND EFFECT
In Chapter 5, the value of the attenuation level, Ag, is derived as
follows:
L - Ag - 20 log (dQ/d (1+0-1))
- 20 log d /d - 20log(d°'1/d ) (24)
o o
Ag - 2 log (d/dQ) (25)
where 0.1 is the correction factor to geometric divergence due to
the ground effect.
WIND SPEED
The empirically determined values for wind attenuation given in
Foch 1980 can be converted to an attenuation level, A , as follows:
' w*
-A = 20 log (d /d(-0.0265u Cos w),
w
v
AW - -20 (0.0265u Cos w) log(r/rQ)
- -0.53(u Cos w) log(r/r ) (26)
o
BARRIER ATTENUATION
To calculate the attenuation of sound from a point source due to a
very long barrier, first determine the Fresnel number, N (Harris, 1979):
N = (2/w)(d1 + d2 - d) (27)
where w is the wavelength of the sound,
d is the slant (direct) distance from the source to the top
of the barrier,
R 111
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d2 is the slant (direct) distance from the top of the barrier
to the receiver,
and d is the distance from the source to receiver.
With some limitation, this formula can be transformed for use in
estimating attenuation of a sound source due to a mountain ridge. The
formula can be simplified to address individual octave bands by noting:
w - c/f (28)
where f is the average frequency of the appropriate octave band
and c is the speed of sound
The speed of sound in air is approximately 344m/sec (1127 ft/sec)
at a temperature of 20°C (68°F). The speed increases at about 0.61
m/sec for each 1 *C increase in temperature. The temperature during
seismic exploration, which occurs during summer daytime hours, is fairly
represented by a value of 20"C (68°P). With this choice of sound speed,
in metric units equation 1 becomes:
N - (f/177)(d •»• d - d) (29)
Next, the formula needs to be transformed to known field quan-
tities, such as mountain top elevation, source height, and receiver
location. The following equations illustrate the appropriate relation-
ships.
d1 - (r,2 + h,2)1'2 (30)
d - {{r, + r2)2 + h2V/2 (32)
where r is the plainview (map) distance from the source to the
mountain top
r is the plainview (map) distance from the mountain top to
the receiver
198
R 111
-------
h. is the difference in elevation between the mountain and
the source
and h is the difference in elevation between the source and the
receiver
After the appropriate value of M is found for each octave band from
the above equations, it remains to use these values in estimating bar-
rier attenuation. The appropriate relationship is illustrated in other
acoustical treatises (Harris 1979), and is moded here by a simplified
formula:
Aw - 2(logN + 2)2 (33)
o
where A. is the barrier attenuation, in decibels, of the appropri-
ate octave band
199
R 111
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GLOSSARY OP ACOUSTIC TERMS1
ambient noise: All-encompassing noise associated with a given environ-
ment, being usually a composite of sounds from many sources, near
and far. No particular sound is dominant.
audible frequency: Any frequency of a normally audible sound wave.
(Audible frequencies generally lie bewteen 20 and 20,000 Hz.)
audible sound: Sensation of hearing excited by an acoustic oscillation.
A-weighted sound level: The sound level obtained by use of A-weighting.
The unit is the decibel; unit symbol, dB. Often, the unit symbol
is followed by the letter A, i.e., dBA to indicate that A-weighting
has been used.
background noise: Noise from all sources other than a particular sound
that is of interest (e.g., other than the sound being measured)
continous spectrum: A sound whose components^ are continuously distrib-
uted over a range of frequencies.
1 Modified from Harris, 1979.
cycle per second (cps): A unit of frequency, same as hertz (Hz); see
frequency.
decay rate: The rate at which sound pressure level decreases (at a
given point and at a given frequency) after a source of sound has
stopped; the unit is the decibel per second. Decay rate may vary
with time.
decibel: A unit of level which denotes the ratio between two quantities
that are proportional to power; the number of decibels correspond-
ing to this ratio is 10 times the logarithm (to the base 10) of
this ratio. In many sound fields, the sound pressure ratios are
not proportional to the corresponding power ratios, but it is
common practice to extend the use of the unit to such cases. Unit
symbol: dB.
divergence loss: the part of the transmission loss due to the
(divergence) spreading of the sound rays in accordance with the
configuration of the system, e.g., spherical waves emitted by a
point source.
200
-------
equivalent continuous sound level (L ): The level of a steady sound
which, in a stated time period and at a stated location, has the
same A-weighted sound energy as the time-varying sound.
far field: That portion of the radiation field of a noise source in
which the sound pressure level decreases by 6 dB for each doubling
of distance from the source.
fast response: A standardized metering circuit and meter response which
has a time constant of about 1/8 second.
filter: A device for separating components of a signal on the basis of
their frequencies.
free field: A sound field in a homogeneous isotropic medium whose
boundaries exert a negligible effect on the sound waves. In
practice, it is a field in which the effects of the boundaries are
negligible over the frequency range of interest.
frequency: Of a periodic phenomenon, such as a sound wave, the number
of times in 1 sec (i.e., the number of cycles per sound) that the
phenomenon repeats itself. The unit of frequency is the hertz
(Hz), which corresponds to 1 cycle per second.
hertz (Hz): See frequency.
hourly average sound level (L...): The equivalent continuous sound
level, i.e., the time-averaged A-weighted sound level, over a
1-hour time period. Usually calculated tjetween integral hours. It
may be identified by the beginning and ending times, or by the
ending time only.
instantaneous sound pressure: At a point in a medium, the difference
between the pressure existing at the instant considered and the
static pressure.
level: The logarithm of the ratio of a given quantity to a reference
quantity of the same kind. The base of the logarithm, the refer-
ence quantity, and the kind of level must be indicated. (The kind
of level is indicated by use of a compound terra such as sound power
level or sound pressure level. The reference quantity remains
unchanged, whether the given quantity is peak, root-mean-square, or
otherwise. The base of the logarithm is usually indicated by use
of a unit of level associated with that base.)
microbar: A unit of pressure equal to 1 dyne/cm (one millionth the
pressure of the atmosphere).
near field: That portion of the radiation field of a noise source which
lies between the source and the far field.
noise: (1) Unwanted sound. (2) Sound, generally of random nature, the
spectrum of which does not exhibit clearly defined frequency
components.
201
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noise exposure: The integral of the squared, A-weighted sound pressure
over the time which sound energy is received.
octave: The frequency interval between two sounds whose basic frequency
ratio is 2.
octave-band spectrum: A spectrum which is one octave in width.
overall sound level: The total sound level resulting from adding
together the individual sound levels in each octave band.
pascal: A un,it of pressure. Unit symbol: Pa; 1 Pa - 1 N/m2 - 10
dynes/cm .
peak sound pressure level: The maximum instantaneous sound pressure
level during a stated time period or event.
point source: A source that radiates sound as if it were radiated from
a single point.
receiver: A person (or persons) or equipment affected by noise.
reflected sound: Sound that persists in a space as a result of repeated
reflection or scattering.
reflection: The phenomenon by which a sound wave is returned from a
surface separating two media, at an angle to the normal equal to
the angle of incidence.
•
•
refraction: The phenomenon by which the direction of propagation of a
sound wave is changed due to spatial variation in the speed of
sound.
refraction loss: In the transmission of sound through air, that part of
the transmission loss due to refraction resulting from non-
uniformity of the medium.
reverberation: The sound that persists in an enclosed space, as a
result of repeated reflection and/or scattering, after the source
of the sound has stopped.
scattering: The irregular diffraction of sound in many directions.
sound: (1) An oscillation in pressure in an elastic medium which is
capable of evoking the sensation of hearing. (2) The sensation of
hearing excited by the acoustic oscillation, described above.
sound analyzer: An apparatus for the determination of a sound spectrum.
202
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sound level: The quantity, in decibels, measured by a instrument
satisfying a standard requirement, e.g., the American National
Standard Specification for Sound Level Meters S1.4-1971. Fast
time-averaging and A-frequency weighting are usually' understood,
but it is good practice to specify both the frequency weighting and
time-averaging. The sound level meter with A-weighting is pro-
gressivly less sensitive to sounds of frequency below 1000 Hz,
somewhat as is the ear. With fast time-averaging, the sound level
meter responds (particularly to recent sounds) almost as quickly as
does the ear in judging the loudness of a sound. Sound level in
decibels is 20 times the logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of a
given sound pressure to the reference sound pressure of 20 micro-
pascals.
spectrum: A description of a quantity as a function of frequency. The
term may be used to signify a continuous range of components
usually wide in extent, which have some common characteristics, for
example, the audio-frequency spectrum.
wavelength: Of a period wave, the distance measured perpendicular to
the wave front in the direction of propagation, between two
successive points on the wave which are separated by one period.
weighting: A prescribed frequency response provided in a sound level
me ter.
203
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TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing!
1. REPORT NO.
EPA-908/1-85-001
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION NO.
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
Sound Levels from Oil and Gas Exploration Activities:
Flathead National Forest, Glacier National Park,
Helena National Forest
5. REPORT DATE
February. 1985
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
7. AUTHOH(S)~—
James D. Foch, Jr., >and Richard E. Burke
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
Rill
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
Engineering-Science, Inc.
Pasadena, California 91124
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
68-01-6587
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Region VIII
999 18th Street, Suite 1300
Denver, CO 80202-2413
13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
Final
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
16. ABSTRACT
Data from a sound measurement survey conducted in 1981 within and in the vicinity
of Glacier National Park are analyzed and presented. Measurements were made of oil
and gas seismic exploration activities in the Flathead National Forest and Helena
National Forest, including sounds from above ground blasting, helicopters and
associated activities. Typical reference sound levels are identified for above
ground blasts and helicopters, and theoretical procedures for estimating their
propagation are developed considering the terrain.and meteorological conditions
characteristic of the Glacier Park area. A sample application of the prediction
method shows that sound levels from above ground blasts outside the Park remain
significantly above ambient levels at locations inside the Park for long durations.
These results corroborate anecdotal reports and several biological studies which
indicate that sound from oil and gas exploration activities can be heard well inside
the Park, and could be affecting sensitive wildlife populations in the area.
Recommendations for additional monitoring and modeling are outlined.
17.
KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
DESCRIPTORS
b.lDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS
c. COSATI Field/Group
Sound levels
Noise levels
Oil fields
Natural gas
Blasting
Helicopters
Sound propagation
National parks
Wilderness areas
Grizzly bears
Bears
Wildlife
lathead National Forest,
Helena National Forest, MT
Jlacier National Park, MT
Ion tana
IT
8. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
Distribution unlimited
19. SECURITY CLASS /This Report)
Unclassified
21. NO. OF PAGES
220
20. SECURITY CLASS (Thispage)
Unclassified
22. PRICE
porm 2220-1 (R»v. 4-77) PREVIOUS EDITION is OBSOLETE
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