FINAL
           BEST  DEMONSTRATED AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGY  (BDAT)
                          BACKGROUND  DOCUMENT
              FOR K001  (ADDENDUM) AND U051  (CREOSOTE)
                          Larry Rosengrant, Chief
                        Treatment Technology Section
                                 Elaine Eby
                              Project Manager
                    U.S.  Environmental Protection Agency
                           Office of  Solid Waste
                             401 M Street,  S.W.
                          Washington, D.C.  20460
                                  May 1990
Note:  This background document is on addendum to the August 1988 Final Best Demonstrated Available

     Technology (BDAT) Background Document for K001

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                            ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
    This document was prepared for the U.S.  Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Solid Waste, by Versar Inc.  under Contract No.
68-W9-0068.  Mr. Larry Rosengrant, Chief,  Treatment Technology Section,
Waste Treatment Branch, served as the EPA Program Manager during  the
preparation of this document.  The technical project officer for  the
waste was Ms. Elaine Eby.   Mr. Steven Silverman served as legal advisor.

    Versar personnel involved in the preparation of this document included
Mr.  Jerome Strauss, Program Manager; Mr. Stephen Schwartz,  Assistant
Program Manager; Mr. Stanley Moore,  Principal Investigator and Author;
Ms.  Justine Alchowiak, Quality Assurance Officer;  Ms.  Martha M. Martin,
Technical Editor; and Ms.  Sally Gravely, Program Secretary.
3536g

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                           TABLE OF  CONTENTS






Section                                                             Page




1.      INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY 	    1-1




2.      INDUSTRY AFFECTED AND WASTE  CHARACTERIZATION (U051 WASTES)    2-1




3.      PERFORMANCE DATA 	    3-1




4.      CALCULATION OF BOAT TREATMENT STANDARDS  	    4-1




5.      REFERENCES 	    8-1
                                    ii





3S36g

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                               LIST OF TABLES


Table                                                                 Page

Table 1-1  BOAT Treatment Standards for K001 and U051  (Wastes)  ....   1-2

Table 3-1  Treatment Performance Data for Rotary Kiln  Incineration
           of K001  	   3-2

Table 4-1  Calculation of Treatment Standards for K001 (Revised)
           and U051 (Creosote) (Wastewaters)	   4-1

Table 4-2  Calculation of Treatment Standards for U051 (Creosote)  .   4-2

Table A-l  Matrix Spike Recoveries for K001  (Creosote  and PCP),
           Kiln 	   A-l

Table A-8  Ash Residue and Combustion Gas Scrubber Discharge Water    A-l
                                    iii

3536g

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                     1.   INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY

    This document provides the Agency's rationale and technical support
for revisions to the numerical treatment standards for K001 wastes.  Also
presented in this document are the treatment standards for U051
(creosote) since they were also derived from the K001 performance data.
It should be noted that the only changes to K001 are to the numerical
standards.  These changes were necessary because of misinterpretation of
the K001 performance data and subsequent mathmatical errors in the K001
treatment standards promulgated in the First Third rulemaking.  This
document is an addendum to the supporting best demonstrated available
technology (BOAT) background document for K001 wastewaters and
nonwastewaters.   The K001 treatment standards were originally promulgated
as part of the First Third rulemaking (53 FR 31152, August 17, 1988).

    This addendum provides the mathematical corrections to the original
K001 treatment standards and presents the corrected K001 performance data
and calculation of the revised K001 standards and U051 (creosote)
standards.  Information regarding other aspects of K001 wastes, i.e.,
industry affected and waste characterization, applicable/demonstrated
treatment technologies, identification of best demonstrated available
technology,  and selection of regulated constituents can be accessed
through the original final Best Demonstrated Available Technology (BOAT)
Background Document for K001 Wastes (USEPA 1988).

    This document, however, presents information on the industry affected
and on waste characterization for U051 (creosote) since this information
is not in the original K001 background document.  Additional information
on U051 with respect to applicable/demonstrated treatment technologies
can be found in the Final Background Document for Organic U and P Waste
and Multisource Leachate Volume C:   Nonwastewater Forms of Organic U and
P Waste and Multisource Leachate for Which There Are Concentration-Based
Treatment Standards.
                                    1-1
3541g

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        Table 1-1  BOAT Treatment Standards for K001 and U051 Wastes
                                  Maximum for any single grab sample
                                  Nonwastewater          Wastewater
                                      Total                Total
                                   composition           composition
Constituent                          (mg/kg)               (mg/1)
Volatile Organics
Toluene                                28                   0.028
Xylene(s)a                             33                   0.032

Semivolatile Organics
Naphthalene                            1.5               .0.031
Pentachlorophenol                      7.4                  0.18
Phenanthrene                           1.5                  0.031
Pyrene                                 1.5                .  0.028

Metals
Lead                                   0.51 (TCLP)b         0.037
aThe Agency is proposing one standard for xylenes in K001 and U051,
 which will represent the sum of the concentrations of o-xylene, m-xylene,
 and p-xylene present in the waste treatment residual.  The basis of
 concentration numbers will, therefore, be the sum of the areas under all
 peaks identified as o-xylene, m-xylene, or p-xylene in the chromato-
 graphic spectrum.
bTCLP leachate concentration (mg/1).
                                    1-2
3541g

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         2.   INDUSTRY AFFECTED AND  WASTE CHARACTERIZATION

    This section describes the industry affected by the land disposal
restrictions for the polynuclear aromatic U051 waste (creosote),  CAS
number 8021-39-4, and presents available characterization data for these
wastes.  (For information on K001 waste, see The Final Best Demonstrated
Available Technology (BOAT) Background Document for K001 (USEPA 1988).)

    U051 wastes include discarded commercial chemical products,
manufacturing chemical intermediates or off-specification commercial
chemical products, and spill residues, including contaminated water,
soil, or debris, that are identified as toxic wastes (see 40 CFR
Part 261.33).  Because the methods of waste generation are so diverse,
the composition of U051 wastes varies greatly.  As a result,  the
constituents of concern may be present at concentrations from several
parts per million to nearly the pure product.

2.1      Industry Affected

    Table 2-1 (at the end of this section) presents the estimated number
of facilities and volume of U051 waste handled in 1986.   The industry
that may be most affected by regulation of these wastes is the chemical
manufacturing industry (SIC Codes 2865,  2869, 2899, 8071,  2951,  and
2952).   The degree to which an industry is affected by this proposed
regulation is directly related to the degree to which the industry
produces and/or uses the polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon,  creosote.
Table 2-2 gives the major uses for each U051 waste.

    The Agency recently conducted a survey of RCRA treatment,  storage,
disposal, and recycling (TSDR) facilities regarding the hazardous waste
they managed in 1986.  Information about 1986 volumes of U051 wastes has
been extracted from the survey data base and is presented in Table 2-3..
                                    2-1
3537g

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Because of the nature of the survey, the Agency believes that the actual
1986 volumes of U051 wastes may be understated in Table 2-3.  The volumes
shown in Table 2-3 are given in gallons and tons; however, this should
not be construed to mean that the hazardous wastes are necessarily in
liquid form.  The concentrations of the specific constituents in U051
wastes shown in Table 2-3 are not known, except that they are greater
than zero.

2.2      Waste Characterization

    Because of the varied and numerous uses for creosote and because of
the many ways in which it may become hazardous waste, characterization of
U051 wastes is impractical.  U051 (creosote),  like other polynulear
aromatic hydrocarbons, is a fused-ring aromatic hydrocarbon composed
solely of carbon and hydrogen.  U051 wastes differ from other U wastes in
that U051 wastes are not defined by one chemical or constituent, but by a
group of chemicals designated by the generic term of "creosote."  Cresote
is a derivative of coal that contains a wide range of constituents
including creosols,  phenols, naphthalene, benz(a)anthracene,
benzo(a)pyrene,  fluoranthene,  chrysene, indeno(l,2,3-cd)pyrene,  and
acenaphthalene.
                                    2-2
3537g

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                              Table  2-1   Estimated Number of Facilities
                         and  Volume  of UOS1  (Creosote) Waste Handled  in  1986
              Waste Code
                                 Name
                                                No. of generators
Volume (gal)
                U051
                                 Creosote
                                                        13
                                                                                133,205
                            Table  2-2   Principal Uses  for U051  (Creosote)
         Waste Code
                             Name
                                                                     Uses
           0051
                             Creosote
                                                 Antipyretic,  styptic,  astringent,  lubricant for
                                                 die molds,  agent for waterproofing,  manufacture
                                                 of chemicals  for veterinary medicine
                                                 (parasiticide,  deodorant),  external  antiseptic
                                                 and disinfectant, expectorant in treatment of
                                                 chronic bronchitis,  local anesthetic in
                                                 dentistry,  gastric sedative, and wood
                                                 preservative.
                       Table 2-3* Facilites That May Generate U051 (Creosote)
Waste
Code Name
U051 Creosote












Facility
Allied Signal Corp.
Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Park
Koppers Company
USOOE Idaho National Engineering Lab.
Koppers Company
Reilly Tar and Chemical Corp.
Koppers Company Inc.
Clean Harbors of Braintree
Southern Wood Piedmont Company
Koppers Company Inc .
Rohm & Haas
US Navy Norfolk Naval Base
Koppers Company , Inc .
State
AL
CA
GA
ID
IL
IL
KY
MA
OH
SC
TX
VA
WI
Quantity
9 ton
4 gal
1 ton
5 gal
94 ton
124 ton
22 ton
66 gal
200 ton
15290 gal
33 ton
1 ton
7 ton
 USEPA 1986 Survey of Treatment Storage Disposal and Recycling Facilities.
 Hazardous Substance Databank, National Library of Medicine,  1989.
                                                  2-3
3537g

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                          3.   PERFORMANCE  DATA

    This section presents the corrected K001 performance data used to
revise the K001 standards and calculate the U051 (creosote)  standards.
The performance data used to develop the K001 and U051 (creosote)
treatment standards for the constituent identified in the tables in
Section 2 are the performance data from incineration of K001 waste
presented in Tables 3-1 through 3-9.  Nonwastewater standards are  based
on incinerator ash residues,  and wastewater standards are based on the
incinerator scrubber water concentrations.
                                    3-1
3538g

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             Table 3-1  Treatment Performance Data for Rotary
                        Kiln Incinerator of K001 (Creosote) -
                        Sample Set No. 1
                                        Treated            Treated
                        Untreated     nonwastewater       wastewater
BOAT list                 waste          (ash)	    (scrubber water)
constituent              (mg/kg)        (rag/kg)             (mg/1)
Volatile Oreanics

Benzene                      56         <10                <0.010
Toluene                     110         <10                <0.010
Ethyl benzene                57         <10                <0.010
Xylenes                     120         <10                <0.010

Semivolatile Oreanics

Acenaphthene             21,000          <0.13             <0.002
Anthracene               15,000          <0.13             <0.002
Chrysene                  4,800          <0.17             <0.003
Fluorene                 18,000          <0.13             <0.002
Naphthalene              42,000          <0.11             <0.002
Phenanthrene             41,000          <0.36             <0.006
Phenol                    2,400          <0.10             <0.002
Pyrene                   17,000          <0.13             <0.002
                                    3-2
3538g

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                              Table 3-1  (continued)
Treated

BOAT list
constituent
Metals
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Mercury
Nickel
Lead
Selenium
Silver
Thallium
Vanadium
Zinc
Untreated
waste
(mg/kg)

<3.4
2.6
63
<0.1
3.4
5.0
35
0.35
2.1
170
1.5
<0.7
7.7
<4.0
170
nonwastewater (ash)
Total
(mg/kg)

<3.4
5.3
81
<0.1
<0.4
6.1
86
<0.25
3.6
<4.2
2.3
<0.7
<0.5
4.4
1.9
TCLP
(mg/1)

0.035
<0 . 004
0.38
<0.001
0.004
<0 . 007
0.020
<0.0005
<0.015
<0.042
<0 . 004
<0.007
<0.005
<0 . 008
0.020
Treated
wastewater
(scrubber water)
(mg/1)

<0.034
0.041
0.76
0.002
0.87
0.35
0.42
0.016
0.48
2.5
0.057
<0.035
<0.028
0.040
5.0
Source:  Radian Corp.  1987.
3S38g
                                     3-3

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                                                                                     .1
          Table 3-2  Treatment Performance Data for Rotary Kiln
                     Incinerator of K009 (Creosote) -
                     Sample Set No. 2
                                        Treated            Treated
                        Untreated     nonwastewater       wastewater
BOAT list                 waste          (ash)	    (scrubber water)
constituent              (mg/kg)        (mg/kg)             (mg/1)
Volatile Organics

Benzene                      60           <10               <0.010
Toluene                     120           <10               <0.010
Ethyl benzene                56           <10               <0.010
Xylenes                     130           <10               <0.010

Semivolatile OrEanics

Acenaphthalene            1,000          <0.13              <0.004
Acenaphthene             15,000          <0.13              <0.002
Anthracene                7,300          <0.13              <0.002
Chrysene                  4,200          <0.17              <0.003
Fluorene                 12,000          <0.13              <0.002
Naphthalene              40,000          <0.11              <0.002
Phenanthrene             32,000          <0.36              <0.006
Phenol                     3700          <0.10              <0.002
Pyrene                   13,000          <0.13              <0.002
                                    3-4
3538g

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                              Table 3-2  (continued)
Treated

BOAT list
constituent
Metals
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Mercury
Nickel
Lead
Selenium
Silver
Thallium
Vanadium
Zinc
Untreated
waste
(mg/kg)

<3.4
<0.4
58
<0.1
3.4
4.8
32
0.35
<1.5
160
1.4
<0.7
8.0
<0.8
170
nonwastewater (ash)
Total
(rag/kg)

<3.4
5.3
74
<0.1
<0.4
5.3
100
<0.25
4.6
<4.2
1.9
<0.7
<0.5
4.1
1.8
TCLP
(mg/1)

<0.034
<0 . 004
0.57
<0.001
<0 . 004
<0.007
0.030
<0 . 0005
<0.015
<0.042
<0 . 004
<0.007
<0.005
<0 . 008
0.050
Treated
wastewater
(scrubber water)
(mg/1)

<0.034
0.15
0.80
<0.001
0.99
0.74
0.50
0.060
0.51
4.5
0.11
0.010
2.4
0.060
7.1
Source:  Radian Corp.  1987.
3538g
                                     3-5

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          Table 3-3  Treatment Performance Data for Rotary Kiln
                     Incinerator of K001 (Creosote) -
                     Sample Set No. 3
BOAT list
constituent
Untreated
waste
(mg/kg)
Treated
nonwastewater
(ash)
(mg/kg)
Treated
wastewater
(scrubber water)
(mg/1)
Volatile Oreanics

Benzene                      61         <10                 <0.010
Toluene                     100         <10  .               <0.010
Ethyl benzene                55         <10                 <0.010
Xylenes                     120         <10                 <0.010

Semivolatile Oreanics

Acenaphthene             19,000          <0.13              <0.004
Anthracene               12,000          <0.13              <0.002
Chrysene                  4,800          <0.17              <0.003
Fluorene                 16,000          <0.13              <0.002
Naphthalene              40,000          <0.11              <0.002
Phenanthrene             37,000          <1.36              <0.006
Phenol                    3,600          <0.10              <0.002
Pyrene                   16,000          <0.13              <0.002
                                    3-6
3538g

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                              Table 3-3  (Continued)
Treated

BOAT list
constituent
Metals
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Mercury
Nickel
Lead
Selenium
Silver
Thallium
Vanadium
Zinc .
Untreated
waste
(mg/kg)

<3.4
2.1
70
<0.1
3.1
6.4
39
<0.25
2.1
150
1.2
<0.7
6.8
<0.8
160
nonwastewater (ash)
Total
(mg/kg)

<3.4
9.0
61
<0.1
<0.4
5.8
98
<0.25
5.0
<4.2
1.8
<0.7
<0.5
4.1
3.2
TCLP
(mg/1)

0.040
<0 . 004
0.53
<0.001
<0 . 004
<0.007
0.030
<0 . 0005
0.020
<0 . 042
<0 . 004
<0 . 007
<0 . 005
<0.008
0.080
Treated
wastewater
(scrubber water)
(mg/1)

<3.4
0.16
0.56
0.001
0.95
0.60
0.43
0.008
0.56
3.5
0.090
0.010
2.8
0.040
9.1
Source:  Radian Corp.  1987.
3538g
                                     3-7

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            Table 3-4  Treatment Performance Rates for Rotary
                       Kiln Incinerator for K001  (Creosote)  -
                       Sample Set No. 4
                                        Treated            Treated
                        Untreated     nonwastewater       wastewater
BOAT list                 waste           (ash)	     (scrubber water)
constituent               (mg/kg)        (mg/kg)              (ntg/1)
Volatile Oreanics

Benzene                      51          <0.10              <0.010
Toluene                     110          <0.10              <0.010
Ethyl benzene                72          <0.10              <0.010
Xylenes                     130          <0.10              <0.010

Semivolatile Oreanics

Acenaphthene             16,000          <0.13              <0.004
Anthracene                8,500          <0.13              <0.002
Chrysene                  4,100          <0.17              <0.003
Fluorene                 14,000          <0.13              <0.002
Naphthalene              32,000          <0.11              <0.002
Phenanthrene             29,000          <0.36              <0.006
Phenol                    3,900          <0.10              <0.002
Pyrene                   12,000          <0.13              <0.002
                                    3-8
3538g

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                              Table 3-4  (continued)
Treated

BOAT list
constituent
Metals
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Mercury
Nickel
Lead
Selenium
Silver
Thallium
Vanadium
Zinc
Untreated
waste
(mg/kg)

<3.4
2.5
59
<0.1
2.4
7.0
39
0.40
2.8
110
1.1
<0.7
5.3
0.82
120
nonwastewater (ash)
Total
(mg/kg)

<3.4
10
48
<0.1
<0.4
8.7
110
<0.25
5.2
<4.2
2.5
<0.7
<0.5
0.8
2.8
TCLP
(mg/1)

0.040
<0 . 004
0.31
<0.001
<0 . 004
<0.007
<0 . 006
<0.0005
<0.015
<0.042
<0 . 004
<0.007
<0 . 005
<0.008
0.010
Treated
wastewater
(scrubber water)
(mg/1)

0.040
0.28
1.0
0.001
1.2
1.0
0.51
0.29
0.60
5.4
0.12
0.020
3.4
0.080
11
Source:  Radian Corp.  1987.
3538g
                                     3-9

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          Table 3-5  Treatment Performance Data for Rotary Kiln
                     Incinerator for K001 (Creosote) -
                     Sample Set No. 5
                                        Treated            Treated
                        Untreated     nonwastewater       wastewater
BOAT list                 waste          (ash)	    (scrubber water)
constituent              (mg/kg)        (mg/kg)             (mg/1)
Volatile Organics

Benzene                      58          <0.10               <0.010
Toluene                     110          <0.10               <0.010
Ethyl benzene                71          <0.10               <0.010
Xylenes                     130          <0.10               <0.010

Semivolatile Organics

Acenaphthene             19,000          <0.13               <0.004
Anthracene                7,400          <0.13               <0.002
Chrysene                  4,200          <0.17               <0.003
Fluorene                 16,000          <0.13               <0.002
Naphthalene              29,000          <0.11               <0.002
Phenanthrene             32,000          <0.36               <0.006
Phenol                    2,400          <0.10               <0.002
Pyrene                   15,000          <0.13               <0.002
                                    3-10
3S38g

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                              Table 3-5  (continued)
Treated

BOAT list
constituent
Metals
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Mercury
Nickel
Lead
Selenium
Silver
Thallium
Vanadium
Zinc
Untreated
waste
(mg/kg)

<3.4
0.7
12
<0.1
0.79
1.6
12
0.79
1.8
37
0.3
<0.7
2.2
<0.8
40
nonwastewater (ash)
Total
(mg/kg)

<3.4
13
56
<0.1
<0.4
10
130
<0.25
6.8
<4.2
2.6
<0.7
<0.5
5.2
3.0
TCLP
(mg/1)

0.040
0.025
0.22
<0.001
<0 . 004
<0.007
0.008
<0.0005
<0.015
<0 . 042
0.004
<0 . 007
<0.005
0.020
0.030
Treated
wastewater
(scrubber water)
(mg/1)

<0 . 040
0.25
0.90
0.002
0.45
0.65
0.45
0.19
0.70
3.3
0.038
0.010
3.8
0.050
8.2
Source:  Radian Corp.  1987.
3538g
                                    3-11

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          Table 3-6  Treatment Performance Data for Rotary Kiln
                     Incinerator for K001 (Creosote) -
                     Sample Set No.  6
                                        Treated            Treated
                        Untreated     nonwastewater       wastewater
BDAT list                 waste          (ash)	    (scrubber water)
constituent              (mg/kg)        (mg/kg)             (mg/1)
Volatile Oreanics

Benzene                      83          <0.10               <0.010
Toluene                     170          <0.10               <0.010
Ethyl benzene                87          <0.10               <0.010
Xylenes                     170          <0.10               <0.010

Semivolatile Oreanics

Acenaphthene             17,000          <0.13               <0.004
Anthracene                9,100          <0.13               <0.002
Chrysene                  4,300          <0.17               <0.003
Fluorene                 14,000          <0.13               <0.002
Naphthalene              43,000          <0.11               <0.002
Phenanthrene             36,000          <0.36               <0.006
Phenol                    3,300          <0.10               <0.002
Pyrene                   13,000          <0.13               <0.002
                                    3-12
3S38g

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                              Table  3-6  (continued)
BOAT list
constituent
Treated Treated
Untreated nonwastewater (ash) wastewater
waste Total TCLP (scrubber water)
(mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/1) (mg/1)
Metals
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Mercury
Nickel
Lead
Selenium
Silver
Thallium
Vanadium
Zinc
<3.4
2.6
150
<0.1
3.5
8.6
38
0.64
4.5
190
1.1
<0.7
3.3
1.9
200
<3.4
11
72
<0.1
<0.4
7.7
86
<0.25
3.9
<4.2
2.8
<0.7
<0.5
4.8
2.5
0.040
<0 . 004
0.41
<0.001
<0 . 004
<0.007
0.070
<0.0005
0.020
<0 . 042
<0 . 004
<0.007
<0.005
<0 . 008
0.002
0.040
1.6
1.1
0.001
0.46
0.89
0.35
0.54
0.54
3.9
0.021
0.020
4.0
0.060
8.2
Source:  Radian Corp.  1987.
3S38g
                                    3-13

-------
          Table 3-7  Treatment Performance Data for Rotary Kiln
                     Incinerator for K001 (PCP) -
                     Sample Set No. 7
BOAT list
constituent
Untreated
  waste
 (mg/kg)
  Treated
nonwastewater
   (ash)
  (mg/kg)
    Treated
   wastewater
(scrubber water)
     (mg/1)
Volatile Oreanics
Toluene
Semivolatile Oreanics
     16
       <2
      <0.002
Acenaphthene
Anthracene
Benzo(b &/or k)
  fluoroanthrene
Fluoranthrene
Fluorene
Naphthalene
Pentachlorophenol
Phenanthrene
Pyrene
 13,000
  9,300

    940
 13,000
  8,200
 26,000
    970
 28,000
  9,200
       <0
       <0
       <0
       <0.5
      <0.010
      <0.010

      <0.010
      <0.010
      <0.010
      <0.010
      <0.050
      <0.010
      <0.010
                                    3-14
35388

-------
                           Table  3-7   (continued)
BOAT list
constituent
Metals
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Nickel
Selenium
Silver
Thallium
Vanadium
Zinc
Untreated
waste
(mg/kg)

<6.0
2.9
30
<0 . 1
0.5
1.5
6.7
7.8
0.11
<2.0
<0.5
<0.9
<0.3
<2.0
64
Treated
nonwastewater
Total
(mg/kg)

<6.0
0.8
74
<0.1
<0.3
8.2
6.8
5.2
<0 . 0002
<2.0
<0.5
<0.9
<0.3
<2.0
11
TCLP
(mg/1)

<0.06
<0.003
0.32
<0.001
<0.003
<0 . 009
<0.01
0.021
<0.0002
<0.02
<0.005
<0 . 009
<0.01
<0.02
<0.006
Treated
wastewater
(mg/1)

<0.06
<0 . 002
0.12
<0 . 001
<0.003
<0.009
0.15
0.021
<0.0002
<0.02
<0.005
<0 . 009
<0.01
<0.02
1.1
Source:  USEPA  1987b.
3538g
                                     3-15

-------
          Table 3-8  Treatment Performance Data for Rotary Kiln
                     Incinerator for K001 (PCP) -
                     Sample Set No. 8
BOAT list
constituent
Untreated
  waste
 (mg/kg)
               Treated
             nonwastewater
                (ash)
               (mg/kg)
    Treated
   wastewater
(scrubber water)
     (mg/1)
Volatile Organics

Toluene

Semivolatile Organics

Acenapthene
Anthracene
Benz(a)anthracene
Benzo(a)pyrene
Benzo(b &/or k)
  fluoranthrene
Chrysene
Fluoranthrene
Fluorene
Naphthalene
Pentachlorophenol
Phenanthrene
Pyrene
     10
 18,000
 13,000
  3,400
    940
  2,
  3,
  ,300
  ,600
21,000
12,000
43,000
 3,000
42,000
15,000
                    <2
                    <0.5
                    <0.5
                    <0.5
                    <0.5
   ,5
   ,5
   .5
   .5
   .5
<2.5
<0.5
<0.5
                     <0
                     <0
      <0.002
      <0.010
      <0.010
      <0.002
      <0.010

      <0.010
      <0.010
      <0.010
      <0.010
      <0.010
      <0.050
      <0.010
      <0.010
3538g
                                    3-16

-------
                           Table  3-8   (continued)
BOAT list
constituent
Metals
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Nickel
Selenium
Silver
Thallium
Vanadium
Zinc
Untreated
waste
(mg/kg)

<6.0
2.3
19
<0.1
0.6
2.7
11
11
0.16
<2.0
<0.5
<0.9
<0.3
<2.0
58
Treated
nonwastewater
Total
(mg/kg)

<6.0
0.6
21
<0.1
<0.3
1.1
3.0
1.2
<0.0002
<2.0
<0.5
<0.9
<0.3
<2.0
2.1
TCLP
(mg/1)

<0.06
<0.003
0.19
<0.001
<0 . 003
<0.009
<0.01
<0.01
<0 . 0002
<0.02
<0.005
<0 . 009
<0.01
<0.02
<0.006
Treated
wastewater
(mg/1)

<0.06
0.12
0.24
<0.001
<0.003
<0 . 009
0.09
0.18
<0.0002
<0.02
<0.005
<0.009
<0.01
<0.02
0.61
Source:  USEPA  1987b.
3538g
                                     3-17

-------
             Table 3-9  Treatment Performance Data for Rotary
                        Kiln Incinerator for K001 (PCP) -
                        Sample Set No. 9
BOAT list
constituent
Untreated
  waste
 (mg/kg)
  Treated
nonwastewater
   (ash)
  (mg/kg)
    Treated
   wastewater
(scrubber water)
     (mg/1)
Volatile Oreanics

Toluene
     39
       <2
      <0.002
Semivolatile Organics

Acenap thene              14,000
Anthracene                8,500
Benz(a)anthracene         2,500
Benzo(a)pyrene              620
Benzo(b &/or k)
  fluroanthrene           1,600
Fluoranthrene            15,000
Fluorene                  9,000
Naphthalene              37,000
Pentachlorophenol           920
Phenanthrene             32,000
Pyrene                   11,000
       <0.5
       <0.5
       <0.5
       <0.5

       <0.5
       <0. 5
       <0. 5
       <0. 5
       <2.5
       <0.5
       <0.5
                                     <0.010
                                     <0.010
                                     <0.001
                                     <0.010

                                     <0.010
                                     <0.010
                                     <0.010
                                     <0.010
                                     <0.050
                                     <0.010
                                     <0.010
                                    3-18
3S38g

-------
                           Table  3-9   (continued)
BOAT list
constituent
Metals
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Nickel
Selenium
Silver
Thallium
Vanadium
Zinc
Untreated
waste
(mg/kg)

<6.0
1.1
17
<0.1
0.4
2.1
10
6.3
0.064
<2.0
<0.5
<0.9
<0.3
<2.0
30
Treated
nonwastewater
Total
(mg/kg)

<6.0
0.4
21
<0.1
<0.3
1.2
2
0.96
<0.0002
<2.0
<0.5
<0.9
<0.3
<2.0
2.1
TCLP
(mg/1)

<0.06
<0.003
0.25
<0.001
<0.003
<0 . 009
<0.01
<0 . 002
<0.0002
<0.02
<0.005
<0 . 009
<0.01
<0.02
<0.006
Treated
wastewater
(mg/1)

<0.06
0.11
0.39
<0 . 001
<0.003
0.045
0.07
0.20
0.003
<0.02
<0.005
<0.009
<0.01
<0.02
0.88
Source:  USEPA  1987b.
3538g
                                     3-19

-------
            4.   CALCULATION OF  BOAT  TREATMENT  STANDARDS

    The purpose of this section is to calculate revised treatment
standards for K001 and treatment standards for U051 (creosote) using the
available treatment performance data (presented in Chapter 3) from the
BOAT treatment technologies.  A discussion of how the treatment standards
for these wastes were calculated is included in this section.  The
methodology used to calculate the K001 treatment standards is discussed
in the original K001 Best Demonstrated Available Technology Background
Document, August 1988.  This addendum presents only the revisions to the
numerical standards.   (Note that the standards for lead in K001 were not
changed because the K001 performance data were not used to derive the
lead standard.  Lead treatment data were transferred from stabilization
of F006 nonwastewaters and from performanmce data for chemical
precipitation and filtration and mixed waste sampled by EPA at Enviril
and Co.

4.1      Revised Calculation of the K001 Treatment Standards

    As stated earlier, the Agency determined that it was necessary to
revise the K001 treatment standards because of misinterpretation of the
K001 performance data.  The misinterpretation resulted in errors to the
K001 standards.  For the K001 constituents, naphthalene, pentachloro-
phenol,  phenanthrene,  and pyrene,  the values used to calculate the
standards were incorrectly based on practical quantification limits (PQL)
and not on detection levels.  Since the PQL levels were 5 times higher
(as stated in the K001 Onsite Engineering Report) than the detection
limits,  the PQL values were divided by 5 to give the detection limit.
Correct standards should be based on detection limits.

    For the K001 constituents toluene and xylene(s),  not only were PQL
values used in error,  but the nonwastewater values were incorrectly
stated as parts per billion instead of the correct units, parts per
                                    4-1
3539g

-------
million.  These discrepancies resulted from errors and inconsistencies
in the Onsite Engineering Report  (OER); the inconsistencies were
eliminated after the analytical data on which the OER information was
derived were reviewed and reinterpreted.

4.2      Calculation of Treatment Performance Standards for U051 Waste

    Treatment standards for U051  (creosote) waste are based on the
transfer of performance data from incineration of K001 waste (bottom
sediment sludge from the treatment of wastewaters from wood preserving
processes that use creosote and/or pentachlorophenol).   Treatment
standards for K001 wastewaters and nonwastewaters were promulgated in the
First Third Final Rule on August 8, 1988, but are now being revised with
the U051 standard.  The standards for organics in K001 wastes were based
on the performance of rotary kiln incineration of K001 nonwastewaters.
Calculation of the K001 and U051 standards is shown in Tables 4-1 and 4-2.

    Treatment standards for the leachable metal constituents in K001
nonwastewaters were established based on the performance of stabilization
of F006 waste.  Hence, treatment standards for metals (lead) in U051
nonwastewaters are also based on F006 data.  (Note that the lead
standards will not be revised because they were not based on K001
treatment data.)

    The transfer of performance data from K001 waste treatment is
particularly appropriate for U051 because KOOl-creosote waste (obviously)
contains creosote.  Because of the similarities in concentration of the
major hazardous organic constituents anticipated in creosote (U051) to
those in K001, and the primary use of creosote as a wood preservative
(and hence the relationship to K001),  the Agency has decided to regulate
the same constituents in U051 that it regulated in K001.
                                    4-2
3539s,

-------
    Incineration in a rotary kiln will achieve a level of performance
that represents BOAT for the organics in U051 because it treated the
constituents in K001 to nondtectable levels; since U051 contains
constituents similar to those in K001, the Agency believes that the same
levels can be achieved for U051.  Thus, EPA is promulgating
concentration-based standards for six organic constituents in U051:
naphthalene, pentachlorophenol,  phenanthrene,  pyrene,  toluene,  and
xylenes.  Based on the fact that the performance data for K001 indicate
the presence of treatable quantities of lead in the incinerator ash and
based on the anticipated similarities of U051 wastes to K001 wastes, EPA
is also promulgating treatment standards for lead.   The lead standards
are based on stabilization as BDAT for U051 nonwastewaters and chemical
precipitation followed by sludge filtration as BDAT for U051 wastewaters.

    EPA notes, however, that if U051 is simply discarded before it is
used, for example because it is off-specification,  then it would not be
likely to have all of the same contaminants as K001 wastes.  On the other
hand, when U051 is spilled at a wood preserving site,  then it could
contain the same contaminants, in particular pentachlorophenol  and lead,
as K001 wastes because of the high potential for cross-contamination from
prior use of pentachlorophenol at the site.  Since the Agency believes
that much of the U051 waste comes from spill residues  at wood preserving
sites,  EPA is conservatively promulgating standards that include those
constituents likely to be present in this form of the  waste.   In
situations where a facility never used pentachlorophenol or where the
U051 is expected to be generated only as an off-specification product
(and pentachlorophenol was never used in the production equipment), EPA
anticipates that the facility's waste analysis plan could be revised so
that only the constituents likely to be present in that form of the waste
are monitored.
                                    4-3
3539g

-------
3540g
                                     Table 4-1  Calculation of Treatment  Standards for K001  (Revised)  and U051 (Creosote)
                                                                       (Nonwastewaters)
Waste
detection Highest
limit detection
Waste
code


K001
& U051


transferred limit (DL)
Constituent
Naphtha lene
Pentach loropheno 1
Phenanthrene
Pyrene
Toluene
Xylenes
from
K001
K001
K001
K001
K001
K001
mg/kg
(PCP)
(PCP)
(PCP)
(PCP)
(Creosote)
(Creosote)
0
2
0
0
10
10
.5
.5
.5
.5
.0
.0
Accuracy
correction
factor
(ACF)
1.06a
1.05
1.068
1.04
1.01
1.16b
Correct ion
factor Variability
transferred
from
K001
K001
K001
K001
K001
K001
factor
(VF)
(PCP)
(PCP)
(PCP)
(PCP)
(Creosote)
(Creosote)
2
2
2
2
2
2
.8
.8
.8
.8
.8
.8
Treatment
standard (mg/kg)
(OL x ACF x VF)
1.5
7.4
1.5
1.5
28
33
PCP - pentachlorophenol
a   No recovery value was available for this constituent.   Therefore,  the  lowest  average percent  recovery value was used from the K001 (PCP) semivolatiles
    duplicate spike data (see Appendix A. Table A-8).   (Recovery values greater than 100 percent  were considered to be just 100 percent for calculating the
    average and determining the accuracy-correction factors.)
    No recovery value was available for this constituent.   Therefore,  the  lowest  average percent  recovery values were used from the K001 (creosote) volatile
    matrix spike recovery data (see Appendix A. Table A-3).  (Recovery values greater than 100 percent were considered to be just 100 percent for
    calculating the average and determining the accuracy correction factors.)

-------
3540g
                              Table 4-2  Calculation of Treatment Standards for K001  (Revised) and U051  (Creosote)  (Wastewaters)

Waste

detection

Waste
code Constituent
Naphthalene
Pentach loropheno 1
K001 Phenanthrene
& U051 Pyrene
Toluene
_pi Xylenes
i
en
limit


Highest
detect ion
transferred
from
tcooi
K001
K001
K001
K001
K001


limit (DL)
mg/1
(PCP)
(PCP)
(PCP)
(PCP)
(Creosote)
(Creosote)


0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.


010
050
010
010
010
010




Accuracy
correction
factor
(ACF)
1
1
1
1
1
1


.12"
.25b
.12*
.0
.01
.15°







Correction
factor
Variability
transferred
from
K001
K001
K001
K001
K001
K001



(PCP)
(PCP)
(PCP)
(PCP)
(Creosote)
(Creosote)


factor
(VF)
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8


Treatment

standard (mg/1)
(DL x ACF X
0.031
0.18
0.031
0.028
0.028
0.032


VF)








pep - pentachloropheno1
a   No recovery value Mas available for this constitutent;  hence,  the lowest average percent  recovery  value was  used from the K001  (PCP)  semivolatiles
    duplicate spike data (see Appendix A. Table A-7).   (Recovery values greater than 100 percent were  considered to  be just  100 percent for calculating the
    average and determining the accuracy correction factors.)
    Recovery values for pentachloropheno1 in K001  (PCP) wastewaters were below 20 percent;  hence,  the  Agency chose the recovery value for pentachloropheno1
    in K001 cresote.
c   No recovery value was available for this constituent; hence,  the lowest average  percent recovery value was used  from the K001  (creosote) volatile matrix
    spike recovery data (see Appendix A. Table A-4).   Recovery values greater than 100  percent were considered to be just 100 percent for calculating the
    average and determining the accuracy correction factors.

-------
                             5.   REFERENCES
National Library of Medicine.  1989.  Hazardous substances data bank.

Radian Corp.  1987.  Analytical results, Combustion Research Facility test
  burn, K001 creosote waste.  Austin, Texas:  Radian Corporation.

USEPA.  1986.  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
  Waste.  National survey of hazardous waste treatment,  storage,
  disposal, and recycling facilities.  Washington,  D.C.:   U.S.
  Environmental Protection Agency.

USEPA.  1987.  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
  Waste.  Onsite engineering report of treatment performance and
  operation for incineration of K001 - pentachlorophenol (PCP) and
  creosote at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Combustion
  Research Facility.  Washington, D.C.:  U.S. Environmental Protection
  Agency.

USEPA.  1988.  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
  Waste.  Best demonstrated available technology (BOAT)  background
  document for K001 waste.  Washington, D.C.:  U.S.  Environmental
  Protection Agency.

USEPA.  1989.  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
  Waste.  Methodology for developing best demonstrated available
  technology (BOAT) treatment standards.  Washington, D.C.:  U.S.
  Environmental Protection Agency.

Windholz,  M., ed.  1983.  The Merck index.  10th ed.  Rathway,
  New Jersey:  Merck & Company.
                                    5-1
3542g

-------
                                 Appendix A
           Matrix Spike Recoveries* for K001 (Creosote and PCP),
        Kiln Ash Residue and Combustion Gas Scrubber Discharge Water
*All recovery values greater than 100 percent are considered as just
 100 percent for the purpose of calculating accuracy correction factors,
3S36g

-------
3341g-7
              Table A-l  K001 Creosote Ash Sample Semivolatile
                   Organics Matrix Spike Recoveries  (%)
                              Initial    Amount
                               cone.      added      % Recovery
    Compound                  (ng/g)      (ng/g)     #1      #2      RPD
Acid-Extractables
Phenol <4
2-Chlorophenol <4 •
4-Chloro-3-methylphenol <4
4-Nitrophenol <20
Pentachlorophenol <20
Base/Neutral Extractables
1,4-Dichlorobenzene <4
N-nitroso-di-n-propylamine <4
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene <4
Acenaphthene <4
2,4-Dinitrotoluene <4
Pyrene <4
Percent average of
recoveries

67
67
67
67
67
33
33
33
33
33
33


72
59
35
1.2a
Oa
48
67
30
Oa
Oa
Oa
48.3

65 9.7
53 10
68 48
2.6a 54
Oa NC
46 4.2
62 7.5
30 0
3.4a 100
Oa NC
Oa NC
46
NC - Not calculated.

aRecovery values below 20 percent were not  considered  in  determining
 the average percent  recovery.

Source:   USEPA 1987.
                                    A-l

-------
3341g-8
             Table  A-2   K001 Creosote Water Sample Semivolatile
                    Organic Matrix Spike Recoveries  (%)
Initial Amount
cone . added
Compound Ug/1) Ug/1)
Acid Extractables
Phenol <10 100
2-Chlorophenol <10 100
4-Chloro-3-methylphenol <10 100
4-Nitrophenol <50 100
Pentachlorophenol <50 100
Base/Neutral Extractables
1,4-Dichlorobenzene <10 50
N-nitroso-di-n-propylamine <100 50
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene <10 50
Acenaphthene <10 50
2.4-Dinitrotoluene <10 50
Pyrene <10 50
Percent average of
recoveries
% Recovery
#1 #2 RPD

65 61 6
61 65 6
80 73 9
Oa Oa NC
80 85 6
61 51 16
70 56 20
72 54 25
81 66 19
21 17a 19
62 60 3
61.2 57.4
NC - Not calculated.

Recovery values below 20 percent  were not considered in determining
 the average percent  recovery.

Source:   USEPA 1987.
                                  A-2

-------
3251g-5
              Table A-3  K001 Creosote Ash Sample ZK01C-3-B2
                      VOA Matrix Spike Recoveries  (%)

1,1-Dichloroethene
Toluene
Chlorobenzene
Benzene
Trlchlorethylene
Average percent recovery
Spike
level
(rt/L)
25
25
25
25
25

Table A-4 K001 Creosote
VOA Matrix Spike

l,l-D1chloroethene
Toluene
Chlorobenzene
Benzene •
Trichlorethylene
Average percent recovery
Spike
level
Ug/l)
25
25
25
25
25

S710125
ZK01C-3-B2
#1 12
86 95
99 110 8
102 3 112 a
78 88
67 77
86 92
Water Sample ZK01C-3-B2
Recoveries (%)
S710125
ZK01C-3-B2
#1 #2
100 3 97
103 3 99
95 90
90 85
69 64
90.8 87
RPD
9.9
10
9.3
12
14


RPD
3.0
4.0
5.4
5.7
7.5

aRecovery values greater than 100 percent  are considered as just 100
  percent in calculating the average percent recovery.
Source:  USEPA 1987.
                                     A-3

-------
3251g-3
            Table A-5  K001-PCP  Ash Duplicate Matrix Spike Data
                         Volatile Organic Analysis



Compound
Toluene

Chlorobenzene
Benzene
Trichloroethene
Average percent
recovery
Table A-6
Original
amount
present .
ug/ liter
3

<2
<2
<2



Amount
spiked,
ug/ liter
25

25
25
25


K001-PCP Scrubber Water
Volatile Organic



Compound

Original
amount
present.
ug/ liter

1.1-Dichloroethylene <2

Toluene

Chlorobenzene

Benzene
Trichloroethene
Average percent
recovery

<2

<2

<2
<2



Amount
spiked,
tig/ liter

25

25

25

25
25


Amount
recovered,
UQ/ liter
No. 1 No. 2
30 30

31 30
22 22
22 21


Duplicate Matrix
Analysis
Amount
recovered,
UQ/ liter
No. 1 No. 2

23 28

30 30

30 26

23 30
21 21



%
Recovery
No. 1 No.
108 b 108
b
124 120
88 88
88 84

94 93
Spike Data


%
Recovery



2
b
b










No. 1 No. 2

92 112
b
120 120
b
120 104

92 120
84 84

93.6 96
b

b

b

b



.8
Source:  USEPA 1987.
                                   A-4

-------
3251g-4
             Table A-7  K001-PCP Scrubber Water Duplicate Matrix Spike Data,
                              Semivolatile Organic Analysis
Initial Amount
Concentration added,
Compound ng/g pg/g
Acid Extractables
Phenol <2
2-Chlorophenol <2
4-Chloro-3-methy1phenol <5
4-N1trophenol <10
Pentachlorophenol <50
Base/Neutral Extractables
1,4-Dichlorobenzene <2
N-Nitrosodlnipropylamine <5
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene <5

Acenaphthene <2
2,4-Dlnitrotoluene <50
Pyrene <2
Average percent recovery

200
200
200
200
200

100
100
100

100
100
100

Amount
recovered
UQ/Q
No. 1

60
56
58
3
6

85
70
110

110
79
110

No. 2

45
40
44
1.5
3.4

87
66
120

110
84
110

% Recovery
No. 1

30
28
29
1.5
3

85
70
no a
a
110
79
110 a
89.5
No. 2

22
20
22
0.8
1.7

87
66
120 8
a
110
84
no a
89.5
Recovery values greater than 100  percent are considered as just 100 percent in
 calculating the average percent recovery.

Source:  USEPA 1987.
                                    A-5

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 3341g-13
                      Table A-8  K001-PCP  Ash  Duplicate Matrix Spike Data,
                                 Semivolatile Organic Analyses




Compound
Acid Extractables
Phenol
2-Chlorophenol
4-Chloro-3-methy1phenol
4-Nitrophenol
Pentachlorophenol

Initial
concen-
tration.
ng/ liter

2
<2
<5
<10
<50
Amount
recovered, %
Amount ma/1 liter Recovery
added ,
Mg/liter No. 1 No. 2 No. 1 No. 2

200 170 160 85 80
200 200 210 100 105
200 180 190 90 95
200 200 180 100 90
200 190 210 95 105
Base/Neutral Extractables
1 , 4-D ich lorobenzene
<2
100 94 94 94 94
N-Nitrosodinipropyl-
  amine
<5
100
81
82
81
aRecovery values greater than 100 percent are considered  as  just  100 percent
 for calculating the average percent recovery.

Source:  USEPA 1987.
82
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
Acenaphthene
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
Pyrene
Average percent
recovery
<5
<5
<50
<2

100
100
100
100

95 100
120 120a
120 120a
96 100a

95
120a
120a
96
94.3
100
120
120
100
96
                                        A-6

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