FINAL
BEST  DEMONSTRATED AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGY  (BOAT)
            BACKGROUND DOCUMENT FOR

                       K021
              Larry Rosengrant, Chief
            Treatment Technology Section
                     Elaine Eby
                  Project Manager
        U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
               Office of Solid Waste
                 401  M Street, S.W.
              . Washington,  DC 20460
                     May 1990

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                            ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
    This document was prepared for the U.S.  Environmental  Protection
Agency, Office of Solid Waste, by Versar Inc.,  under Contract  No.
68-W9-0068.  Mr.  Larry Rosengrant, Chief,  Treatment Technology Section,
Waste Treatment Branch, served as the EPA Program Manager  for  the  BOAT
program.  Ms. Elaine Eby served as the Project  Manager for K021 wastes
regulatory development.  Mr.  Steven Silverman served as EPA legal
advisor.

    The following personnel from Versar Inc.  were involved in  preparing
this document:  Mr.  Jerome Strauss,  Program Manager;  Mr. Stephen
Schwartz,  Assistant Program Manager;  Ms. Roberta Eelman, Staff Engineer;
Ms. Sally Gravely, Program Secretary; and Ms. Martha Martin, Technical
Editor.

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                           TABLE OF  CONTENTS


Section                                                           Page No.


1.  INTRODUCTION	    1-1

2.  INDUSTRY AFFECTED AND WASTE CHARACTERIZATION  	    2-1

    2.1  Industry Affected and Process Description  	   2-1
    2.2  Waste Characterization 	   2-3

3.  APPLICABLE AND DEMONSTRATED TECHNOLOGIES  	    3-1

    3.1  Applicable Treatment Technologies  	   3-1
    3.2  Demonstrated Technologies 	   3-3

4.  PERFORMANCE DATA 	    4-1

5.  DETERMINATION OF BEST DEMONSTRATED AVAILABLE
    TECHNOLOGY (BOAT) 	    5-1

6.  SELECTION OF REGULATED CONSTITUENTS 	    6-1

    6.1  Identification of BOAT List Constituents  	   6-1
    6.2  Constituent Selection 	   6-2

7:  CALCULATION OF BOAT TREATMENT STANDARDS  	    7-1

8.  REFERENCES 	    8-1


APPENDIX A  Wastewater Standards for U&P Wastes  	    A-l
                                    11

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                             LIST OF  TABLES
                                                                  Page No.
Table 1-1  Treatment Standards for K021 Waste 	    1-4

Table 4-1  Treatment Performance Data Collected by EPA for
           K019 (Sample Set //I) 	     4-

Table 4-2  Treatment Performance Data Collected by EPA for
           K019 (Sample Set #2) 	
Table 4-3  Treatment Performance Data Collected by EPA for
           K019 (Sample Set #3) 	  4-

Table 4-4  Treatment Performance Data Collected by EPA for
           K019 (Sample Set #4) 	  4-

Table 4-5  Treatment Performance Data Collected by EPA for
           K019 (Sample Set #5) 	  4-

Table 4-6  Treatment Performance Data Collected by EPA for
           K019 (Sample Set #6) 	  4-

Table 4-7  Treatment Performance Data Collected by EPA for
           K019 (Sample Set #7) 	  4-

Table 4-8  EPA-Designed Toxicity Test Applied to Vitrified
           Slags Containing Arsenic 	    4-49

6-1 Potential Candidates for Regulation 	          6-3

7-1 Calculation of Nonwastewater Treatment Standards for
    Constituents Proposed for Regulation in K021 Waste ...          7-4

7-2 Calculation of Wastewater Treatment Standards for
    Constituents Proposed for Regulation in K021 Waste ...          7-5

7-3 Treatment Standards for K021 Waste 	          7-6
                              LIST OF FIGURES

Figure                                                             Page

2-1       Flowsheet for Production of Fluorocarbons by Liquid
          Phase Fluorination 	    2-2
                                    111

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                    1.   INTRODUCTION  AND SUMMARY

    Pursuant to section 3004(m) of the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA) as enacted by the Hazardous and Solid Waste
Amendments on November 8,  1984, the Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) is establishing best demonstrated available technology (BDAT)
treatment standards for K021 waste (aqueous spent antimony catalyst
waste from fluoromethanes production).   Compliance with the BDAT
treatment standards is a. prerequisite for the placement of the waste in
facilities designated as land disposal units according to 40 CFR
Part 268.  The effective date of the K021 treatment standards is
August 8, 1990.

    This background document provides the Agency's technical support and
rationale for selecting and developing the treatment standards for the
constituents to be regulated in K021 waste.  This document explains how
EPA determines BDAT,  selects constituents for regulation, and calculates
treatment standards.   Section 2 presents waste-specific information--the
number and location of facilities affected by the land disposal
restrictions, the waste-generating process, and waste characterization
data.  These data serve as a basis for determining whether a variance
from treatment standards may be warranted for a particular type of K021
that is more difficult to treat than the wastes that were analyzed in
developing the treatment standards for K021.  Section 3 discusses the
technologies used to treat the waste (or similar wastes), and Section 4
presents available performance data, including data on which the
treatment standards are based.  Section 5 explains EPA's  determination
of BDAT, while Section 6 discusses the selection of constituents to be
regulated.  The treatment standards are determined in Section 7.
                                    1-1
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    The BOAT program, the Agency's legal authority, and promulgated
methodology are described in detail in two additional documents:
Methodology for Developing BOAT Treatment Standards (USEPA 1989a) and
Generic Quality Assurance Project Plan for Land Disposal Restrictions
Program ("BOAT") (USEPA 1987).  The petition process to be followed in
requesting a variance from the BOAT treatment standards is also
discussed in the methodology document.

    Under 40 CFR 261.32 wastes identified as K021 are listed as
follows:  aqueous spent antimony catalyst from fluoromethanes
production.  The Agency believes there are no facilities generating this
waste.

    Three constituents (carbon tetrachloride,  chloroform,  and antimony)
are regulated in both nonwastewater and wastewater forms of K021 waste.
For the purpose of determining the applicability of the treatment
standards, wastewaters are defined as wastes containing less than 1
percent (weight basis) total suspended solids* and less than 1 percent
(weight basis) total organic carbon (TOC).   Waste not meeting this
definition must comply with the treatment standards for nonwastewaters.

    The Agency does not have performance data for treatment of K021;
therefore, the treatment standards for the regulated volatile organic
constituents (carbon tetrachloride and chloroform) in nonwastewaters are
transferred from treatment performance data from incineration of K019
waste.   The treatment standards for the
*The term "total suspended solids" (TSS) clarifies EPA's previously
 used terminology of "total solids" and "filterable solids."
 Specifically, the quantity of total suspended solids is measured by
 Method 209c, Total Suspended Solids Dried at 103°105°C, in
 Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 16th
 Edition (APHA, AWWA, and WPCF 1985).
                                    1-2
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regulated metal constituent (antimony) in nonwastewaters is transferred
from treatment performance data from the stabilization of K048-K052.
Additionally, applicable data for antimony in nonwastewater residuals are
available from vitrification of arsenic and data from EPA's Office of
Water are available for treatment of antimony in wastewater residuals.

    For K021 wastewaters, BOAT treatment standards for organic
constituents are based on treatment performance data transferred from
EPA's Final Best Demonstrated Available Technology (BOAT) Background
Document for Wastewater Forms of Organic U and P Wastes and Multi-source
Leachates (F039) for Which There Are Concentration-Based Treatment
Standards, Volume A (USEPA 1990).

    Table 1-1 lists the specific nonwastewater and wastewater treatment
standards for K021 waste.  The treatment standards for organics and metal
wastewaters reflect the total constituent concentration; the units are
mg/kg (parts per million on a weight-by-weight basis) for the
nonwastewaters and mg/1 (parts per million on a weight-by-volume basis)
for the wastewaters.  The units for leachate analysis are mg/1 (parts per
million on a weight-by-volume basis).  Note that if the concentrations of
the regulated constituents in the waste, as generated, are lower than or
equal to the treatment standards, then treatment will not be required
prior to land disposal.
                                    1-3
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                           Table  1-1  Treatment Standards for £021 Waste
                                                Nonwastewaters                      Wastewaters
                                         Total              TCLP leachate              Total
                                     concentration          concentration          concentration
                                        (mg/kg)                (mg/1)                  (mg/1)
Constituent                          (Grab sample)          (Grab sample)       (Composite sample)
Volatile organics

Carbon tetrachloride                      6.2                    NA                   0.057
Chloroform                                6.2                    NA                   0.046

Metals

Antimony                                 NA                       0.23                 0.60


NA = Not applicable.
                                                    1-4

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         2.   INDUSTRY AFFECTED AND  WASTE CHARACTERIZATION

    According to 40 CFR 261.32,  the K021 waste is defined as:

       K021:  Aqueous spent antimony catalyst waste from fluoromethanes
              production.

Commercial fluoromethane compounds actually are fluorinated chloromethane
compounds; therefore, the term fluoromethane refers to chlorofluoro-
methane (or fluorochloromethane) compounds.

2.1      Industry Affected and Process Description

    K021 waste was formerly generated by the industrial organic chemicals
industry (Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code 2869).   The
Agency, after consulting the 1986 National Survey of Treatment, Storage,
and Recycling Facilities (TSDR Survey),  knows of no facilities  that
currently generate K021 waste.  The Agency has no current information on
the process by which the waste is generated.  The following description
of the process was found in the RCRA Listing Background Document (USEPA
1980).

    Chlorofluoromethanes are manufactured by the fluorination of
chlorocarbons and are commonly used as refrigeration agents.   The
commercial products produced by this segment of the fluorocarbon industry
include chlorotrifluoromethane (CC1F.,) ,  dichlorodifluoromethane
(CCljFj), trichlorofluoromethane (CC1.,F) ,  and chlorodifluoromethane
(CHC1F2).

    Chlorofluoromethanes are manufactured by fluorinating either carbon
tetrachloride (CC1,) or chloroform (CHCl^), using hydrogen fluoride
(HF) and antimony pentachloride (SbCl,)  as catalysts (see Figure 2-1).
Carbon tetrachloride is used as a starting material when
trichlorofluoromethane (CC1,,F) ,  dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl^F,,),
and chlorotrifluoromethane (CC1F,.) are the desired products.
                                    2-1
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                                                                        VENT
I
ro
RAW BRINE
                                            90-104%
                                            SULFURIC.
                                              ACID
                                                        CAUSTIC
                                                        SOLUTION
                 T
       	J  SCRUBBER  I	^
          i          r^
                      SODA
                      ASH
                                               COOLING
                                                 AND
                                                DRYING
                                                           1
SULFURIC
  ACID
 70-93%
                                                      CAUSTIC
                                                    EVAPORATION
                                                      AND SALT
                                                     RECOVERY
            WASTE
            FROM
            BRINE
          PURIFICATION
                                  SOLID
                                  WASTE
     H
 PURIFICATION
    AND
COMPRESSION
                                                                    CHLORINATED
                                                                   HYDROCARBONS
                                                                       (K073)
                                                                              HYPOCHLORITE
                                                                              SOLUTION
CHLORINE
PRODUCT
                            . CAUSTIC
                             PRODUCT
         FIGURE  2-1.   CHLOR-ALKALI MANUFACTURE DIAPHRAGM CELL PROCESS/GRAPHITE ANODES

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Tetrafluoromethane (OF,) is also formed as a coproduct waste.
Chloroform is used as feedstock when chlorodifluoromethane  (CHC1F~) and
dichlorofluoromethane (CHCl-F) are the desired products.  Small amounts
of trichlorotrifluoroethane (C^Cl^F-) and trifluoromethane  (CHF.,)
are formed as coproduct wastes.

    In both processes, the chlorine in the starting materials is
successively replaced with fluorine.  For example, starting with carbon
tetrachloride (CC1.) and hydrogen fluoride, the reaction is carried out
continuously to produce the product mix desired, usually a  50/50 blend of
trichlorofluoromethane (CCl^F) and dichlorodifluoromethane
(CCl^F^),  as illustrated by the following equations:

    (1)  CC14 + HF   	>  C13C-F + HC1
    (2)  Cl-jC-F + HF	>  CC12F2 + HC1

    The unit operations of the process are detailed in Figure 2-1.  In
generating the listed waste K021, the antimony pentachloride catalyst
(SbCl,) is reduced to antimony trichloride (SbCl~).   A slip stream is
taken from (A) (see Figure 2-1) to remove a portion of the  spent
catalyst.   After washing, the aqueous spent catalyst waste  (B) is sent to
pits (C) where it is either disposed of or stored until further
treatment.  (The bulk of the antimony trichloride is recovered by the
catalyst filter,  dried,  and reactivated by chlorination to  form antimony
pentachloride, which is recycled to the fluorinator.)

2 .2      Waste Characterization

    Limited compositional data on K021 are available from the RCRA
Listing Background Document (USEPA 1980) and the generator survey.  These
data indicate that chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and antimony are the
constituents of concern in K021 waste.   No approximate percentages of the
amounts of these constituents are given for K021.

                                    2-3
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     3.   APPLICABLE AND  DEMONSTRATED TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES

    This section identifies  the treatment technologies that  are
applicable to K021 waste and determines which,  if any,  of the  applicable
technologies can be considered demonstrated for the  purposes of
establishing BOAT.

    To be applicable,  a technology must be theoretically  usable  to  treat
the waste in question, or to treat a waste that is similar in  terms  of
the parameters that affect treatment selection.   (For  detailed
descriptions of the technologies applicable for these  wastes,  or for
wastes judged to be similar, see EPA's Treatment Technology  Background
Document (USEPA 1989b).)  To be demonstrated,  the technology must be
employed in full-scale operation for the treatment of  the waste  in
question or a similar waste.  Technologies available only at research
facilities or in pilot- and  bench-scale operations are not considered in
identifying demonstrated technologies.

3.1      Applicable Treatment Technologies

    As explained in Section  2.2, K021 waste is  believed to contain
primarily organic constituents and antimony.   Applicable  technologies for
organic constituents in a waste or in any resulting  treatment  residuals
include technologies that recover, destroy or,  reduce  the amount of  the
constituents in the waste.  Applicable technologies  for metals could
include those that remove or prevent migration  of metal constituents from
a waste.

    The Agency has identified fuel substitution and  incineration as
applicable technologies for  treating the organic constituents  in
untreated K021 nonwastewaters.   These treatment technologies were
identified based on current  literature sources,  field  testing, and
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current waste treatment practices.  As treatment processes, fuel
substitution and incineration have the same purpose:  to thermally
destroy the organic constituents in the waste by converting them to
carbon dioxide and water.  Fuel substitution, in addition, uses the waste
as a substitute for conventional fuels burned in high-temperature
industrial processes.  Both fuel substitution and incineration generally
result in nonwastewater and wastewater treatment residuals such as ash,
clarifier solids from the flue gas scrubber system, and scrubber water.
The residuals from treatment of K021 nonwastewaters in a well-designed,
well-operated fuel substitution combustion device or incinerator are not
expected to contain detectable levels of organic constituents and thus
should not require further treatment for organics.

    Since wastewater forms of K021 wastes contain hazardous organic
constituents at treatable concentrations, applicable technologies include
those that destroy or reduce the total amount of various organic
compounds in the wastewater.  Therefore,  the Agency has identified the
following treatment technologies as potentially applicable for treatment
o-f these wastes:

    •  Biological Treatment (including aerobic fixed film, aerobic
       lagoons, activated sludge, anaerobic fixed film, rotaCing
       biological contractor,  sequential batch reactor, and trikling
       filter technologies);

    •  PACT  Treatment (including powdered activated carbon addition
       to activated sludge and biological granular activated carbon
       technologies);

    •  Carbon Adsorption Treatment (including activated carbon and
       granular activated carbon technologies);
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    •  Solvent Extraction Treatment (including liquid, liquid
       extracting technology);

    •  Chemical Oxidation Treatment;

    •  Wet Air Oxidation Treatment (including super critical oxidation
       technology);

    •  Stripping Treatment (including steam stripping and air stripping
       technologies);

    •  Reverse Osmosis Treatment; and

    •  Chemically Assisted Clarification Treatment (including chemical
       precipitation technology).

    These technologies are explained in detail in the BOAT background
document for U and P wastes (USEPA 1990b).

    Because K021 waste contains antimony, a BOAT list metal, residuals
are expected to contain treatable levels of antimony.  Therefore,
stabilization and vitrification for nonwastewaters and chemical
precipitation for wastewaters are considered applicable technologies for
the treatment of antimony in K021 waste.  Additionally, a treatment train
of lime conditioning followed by sedimentation and filtration is
applicable for antimony treatment in wastewaters according to the
proposed best demonstrated available technology (BOAT) Background
Document for Third Third U and P Wastes and Multi-Source Leachates (USEPA
1990).

    Stabilization is a treatment technology applicable to wastes
containing leachable metals and having a high filterable solids content,
low total organic carbon (TOC)  content, and low oil and grease content.


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It is commonly used to treat incinerator ash that leaches metals.  In
stabilization, leachable metals in a waste are immobilized following the
addition of stabilizing agents and other chemicals.

    Vitrification is a process wherein waste or a wastewater solution is
blended into a mixture of lime, soda ash, silica, and other ingredients
normally used for glass-making.  Waste may also be blended into
metallurgical slags.  The blended waste and glass or slag constituent
mixture is then fed to a glass-making or other appropriate furnace.  In
glassmaking, material is normally introduced to the top of the furnace
and falls to the surface of a pool of molten glass maintained at
1100° to 1200°C.  At these temperatures organic constituents of
the waste are combusted, and inorganic constituents dissolve into the
glass melt.  Molten glass is withdrawn from the base of the furnace and
cooled into chunks or blocks.  The waste inorganic constituents become
physically and chemically incorporated into the glass matrix and leaching
is reduced.

    Chemical precipitation is a treatment technology applicable to
wastewaters containing a wide range of dissolved and other metals.  This
technology removes these metals from solution in the form of insoluble
solid precipitates.  The solids are then separated from the wastewater by
settling, clarification, and/or polishing filtration.

3.2      Demonstrated Technologies

    There are currently no known generators of K021 waste; therefore, the
Agency has no data indicating that incineration or fuel substitution is
currently being used on K021 nonwastewater.   The Agency does have data,
however, on incineration of K019,  a waste believed to be similar to
K021.  Both K019 and K021 are generated by the organic chemicals industry
and contain similar constituents.   Both chloroform and carbon
tetrachloride, the organic constituents of concern in K021, are present
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at treatable levels in K019.  The Agency believes, therefore, that
incineration would be a demonstrated technology for K021 nonwastewater.

    The Agency has no evidence that fuel substitution is being used on
wastes having similar chlorinated organic concentrations.  When
chlorinated hydrocarbons are combusted, hydrogen chloride gas or chlorine
gas may be produced.  These may not be compatible with normal fuel uses
in industrial furnaces or boilers, in that the gases may be corrosive to
furnace material of construction or not compatible with furnace product
quality.  Thus EPA does not believe that fuel substitution would be a
demonstrated technology for K021 nonwastewater.  Incineration, therefore,
is the only demonstrated technology for organics removal in K021
nonwastewater.

    To be demonstrated, a technology must be employed in full-scale
operation for treatment of the waste in question or a similar waste.
Technologies available only at pilot- or bench-scale operations are not
considered in identifying demonstrated technologies.
              V
    All of the technologies identified as applicable for K021 wastewaters
have been demonstrated in full-scale operation for treatment of
wastewaters containing these various constituents or similar
constituents.  The Agency,  therefore, believes that all of the
technologies presented in Section 3.1 should be considered for use in
determining BOAT.

    The Agency has no data indicating that chemical precipitation is
being used on K021 waste or on any other waste containing antimony.
Chemical precipitation is,  therefore, not a demonstrated technology for
removal of antimony from wastewaters.  Additionally, the Agency has no
data to indicate that stabilization is being used on K021 waste or any
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other waste with treatable concentrations of antimony.  Only inconclusive
data are available on antimony stabilization for K048-K052  (see
Table 4-8).  These data show the concentration of antimony  increasing
after stabilization.  Therefore, stabilization is not considered to be a
demonstrated technology for metals treatment in K021 nonwastewaters.
Data are available for the slag vitrification of arsenic in the
background document for arsenic and selenium wastes (USEPA  1990a),  and
the Agency believes these data are applicable and demonstrated for
antimony in nonwastewater residuals.  Additionally, the Agency has
searched available literature (Tooley 1984) and learned that antimony
oxide (Sb~0.,) is often in vitrified in concentrations up to 1 percent
in glassmaking.

    Consequently, the only demonstrated treatment technology for
antimony-containing nonwastewaters is vitrification.  There are no
demonstrated treatment technologies for antimony-containing wastewaters.
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                          4.   PERFORMANCE  DATA

    This section presents the data available to EPA on the performance of
demonstrated technologies in treating the listed wastes.  These data are
used elsewhere in this document for determining which technologies
represent BOAT (Section 5),  for selecting constituents to be regulated
(Section 6), and for developing treatment standards (Section 7).
Eligible data, in addition to full-scale demonstration data, may include
data developed at research facilities or obtained through other
applications at less than full-scale operation, as long as the technology
is demonstrated in full-scale operation for a similar waste or wastes as
defined in Section 3.

    Performance data, to the extent that they are available to EPA,
include the untreated and treated waste concentrations for a given
constituent, values of operating parameters that were measured at the
time the waste was being treated, values of relevant design parameters
for the treatment technology, and data on waste characteristics that
a-ffect performance of the treatment technology.

    Where data are not available on the treatment of the specific wastes
of concern, the Agency may elect to transfer data on the treatment of a
similar waste or wastes, using a demonstrated technology.  To transfer
data from another waste category, EPA must find that the wastes covered
by this background document are no more difficult to treat (based on the
waste characteristics that affect performance of the demonstrated
treatment technology) than the treated wastes from which performance data
are being transferred.

    No performance data are  available to the Agency to characterize
treatment for K021.  However, the Agency has data for incineration of a
similar organic waste, K019,  which, as defined by 40 CFR 261.32, is the
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heavy ends from the distillation of ethylene dichloride in ethylene
dichloride production.  This similarity is based on the production
processes, the waste compositions, and the waste characteristics
affecting performance of the demonstrated treatment technology.  Both
K019 and K021 are produced by using a hydrogen halide or halogen
feedstock and distilling until the desired product is formed.   (Section 2
of this background document details the K021 process description;
Section 2 of the K019 background document (USEPA 1988a) presents the K019
process description.)  K021 is expected to contain chloroform and carbon
tetrachloride in high quantities, constituents that are also present in
K019.  As discussed in the Treatment Technology Background Document
(USEPA 1989b),  the waste characteristics affecting performance of
incineration are thermal conductivity of the waste and the boiling points
and bond dissociation energies of the constituents of concern.
Evaluation of the waste composition for K021 reveals that the primary
constituents of concern in K021 (i.e., chloroform and carbon
tetrachloride)  have boiling points and bond dissociation energies lower
than those of most constituents present in K019.   (See Tables 4-1 through
4~6.)  Therefore, the Agency is transferring performance data for
organics from the treatment of K019 to the K021 nonwastewaters since the
Agency believes that K021 is no more difficult to treat than the tested
K019 waste.

    The performance data for K019 waste include the untreated and treated
waste concentrations for certain constituents, the values of operating
parameters that were measured at the time the waste was being treated,
the values of relevant design parameters for the treatment technology
tested, and data on waste characteristics that affect the performance of
the treatment technology.
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    Treatment standards for organic BOAT List Constituents in K021
wastewaters were developed from treatment' performance data transferred
from EPA's Final Best Demonstrated Available Technology (BOAT) Background
Docufment for Wastewater Forms of Organic U and P Wastes and Multi-source
Leachates (F039) for Which They are Concentration-Based Treatment
Standards, Volume A (USEPA 1990b).

    Treatment performance data from Volume a (USEPA 1990b) are presented
in Appendix A.  These data were used for transfer to K021 wastewaters
bvecause when the Agency has appropriate wastewater treatment data from
well-designed and well-operated wastewater treatment units, it prefers to
use these data rather than scrubber water concentrations in setting BOAT
treatment standards.  Additionally, these data represent a specific
wastewater treatment technology as opposed to incineration scrubber water.

    Tables 4-1 through 4-6 present the data for BDAT list constituent
analyses for treated and untreated K019 waste,  as well as the design and
operating data for the incineration treatment system.  Based on a review
of the operating data obtained during collection of the samples, the data
sets appear to reflect treatment by a well-operated system.  This is
further evidenced by the fact that in all cases the BDAT list organics
detected in the K019 untreated waste are reduced to nondetectable levels
in the treated residuals.

    The tables in Appendix A present the data from Volume A of the Best
Demonstrated Available Technology (BDAT) Background Document for Third
Third U&P Wastes and Multi-Source Leachates (USEPA 1990b).   These data
were used to develop treatment standards for K021 wastewaters.

    Because one BDAT list metal, antimony,  is expected to be present in
the untreated K021 waste,  it is also expected to be found in K021
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treatment residuals, (i.e., incinerator ash, incinerator scrubber water,
and stack gas).   No performance data are available for treatment of
antimony in K021 wastewaters and nonwastewaters, and inconclusive
performance data are available for treatment of.antimony in all other
waste codes for which EPA has treatment data.  Some of these inconclusive
data for treatment of antimony from K048-K052 appear in Table 4-7.  Also,
data from the vitrification of arsenic appear in Table 4-8, and these
data may be used for treatment of antimony in nonwastewater residuals.
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       Table 4-1   TREATMENT PERFORMANCE DATA COLLECTED  BY  EPA  FOR  KOI9
                            PLANT A - ROTARY KILN INCINERATOR

                                      SAMPLE SET II

                                         	Untreated Waste
Detected BOAT List
Organic Constituents

VOLATILES
  U. Benzene
  7. Carbon tetrachloride
  9. Chlorobenzene
 1U. Chloroform
 22. 1,1-Oichloroethane
 23. 1,2-Oichloroethane
 3«. Methyl ethyl Icetone
 33. Methylene chloride
 U2. Tetrachloroethene
 43. Toluene
 U5. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
 47. Trichloroethene
215-217.  Xylene (total)
222. .Acetone                  v
226. Ethyl benzene
229. Methyl isobutyl Icetone

SEMIVOLATILES
 51. Acenaphthalene
 57. Anthracene
 65. 8enzo(k)fluoranthene
 63. 3is(2-chloroethyl) ether
 70. Bis(2-«thylhexyl} phthalate
 80. Chrysene
 37. o-Oichlorobenzene
 38. p-Oichlorobenzene
 98. Dl-n-butyl phthalate
108. Fluoranthene
109. Fluorene
110. Hexachlorobenzene
    K019
Concentration
   mg/kg
  Cppm)
   <2,000
    4,000
    3,000
    4,600
    2,200
   93,000
   <1,000
   <1,000
    7,300
     <200
   81,000
    3,210
     <200
   <1,000
     <200
   <1,000
      280
      <10
      SNA
      <10
       81
       20
       69
 RCRA Blend*
Concentration
   og/kg
   (pom)
   ,000
     
-------
                                  Table 4-1  (Continued)
                                SAMPLE SET *1  (Continued)
                                            Untreated Waste
Detected BOAT List
Organic Constituents

SEMIVOLATILES (Continued)
111. Hexachlorobutadiene
113. Hexachloroethane
121. Naphthalene
126. Nitrobenzene
136. Pentacnlorobenzene
141. Phenan threne
142. Phenol
145. Pyrene
143. 1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene
150. 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene

Detected BOAT List Metal
and Inorganic Constituents

METALS
154. Antimony
155. Arsenic
156. Barium
158. Cadmium
159. Chromium
160. Copper
161. Lead
163. Nickel
165. Silver
167. Vanadium
168. Zinc

INORGANICS
169. Total Cyanide
170. Fluoride
171. Sulflde
K019
Concentration
mg/kg
(pern)
<50
120
470
<25
61.
21
<10
<10
76
100
RCRA Blend*
Concentration
mg/kg
(pom)
210
<100
<20
3.UOO
<100
240-
78
200
<50
<50
                              Treated Waste, I	
                                         Kiln-* As
               Kiln Ash
             Concentration
                                                                                    TCLP
<6.0
 1.2
0.97
0.63
 4.0
 2.1
 3.4
 3.0
<0.9
<2.0
 5.8
 <0.5
 <5.0
  790
   24
   94
  1.3
 <0.3
   40
  165
   27
  8.8
 <0.9
  2.2
4,170
  0.9
   31
  830
                            mg/kg
                            (pom)
                              <2
                              <5
                              io
                              <2
                              <2
                              <2
                              <5
                              <5
                            rag/,
  8.0
  3.6
   26
 0.66
   44
2,370
  120
 • 66
 •3.3
  4.1
   12
 <0.47
    38
    63
<0.060
 0.032
<0.003
 0.200
 2.69C
 0.380
 0.680
<0.009
< 0.020
 0 . 052!
•Only one sample of RCRA Blend waste was taken.
 sample set.
        The results are repeated in each
                                         4-6

-------
                             Table 4-1 (Continued)
                           SAMPLE SET *1 (Continued)
DESIGN AND OPERATING PARAMETERS

          Parameter

Kiln Temperature (°F)*
Kiln Solids Residence Time (min)
Waste Feed Rate (MMBTU/hr)*
Kiln Rotational Speed (RPM)
Design
    Operating Value

        1825-1900
           120
       K019:  13.1
RCHA Blend,
Waste Burner 11: 3.9-5.5
RCRA Blend,
Waste Burner *2: U.u.g.y
        0.19-0.21
This information has been claimed as RCRA Confidential Business Information.
                                    4-7

-------
       Table 4-2  TREATMENT PERFORMANCE DATA COLLECTED  BY EPA FOR K019
                            PLANT A - ROTARY KILN  INCINERATOR

                                      SAMPLE SET t2
                                                            *
                                        	Untreated Waste
Detected BOAT List
Organic Constituents

VOLATILES
  4. Benzene
  7. Carbon tetrachloride
  9. Chlorobenzene
  14. Chloroform
 22. 1,1-Oichloroethane
 23. 1,2-Qichloroethane
 34. Methyl ethyl ketone
 38. Methylene chloride
 42. Tetrachloroethene
 43. Toluene
 45. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
 47. Trichloroethene
215-217.  Xylene (total)
222..Acetone
226. Ethyl benzene
229. Methyl isobutyl leetone

SEMIVOLATILES
 51. Acenaphthalene
 57. Anthracene
 65. Benzo(k)fluoranthene
 68. Bis(2~chloroethyl) ether
 70. Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
 80. Chrysene
 87. o-Oichlorobenzene
 88. p-Qichlorobenzene
 98. Di-n-butyi phthalate
108. Fluoranthene
109. Fluorene
110. Hexachlorobenzene
    KOI 9
Concentration
   og/kg
   (ppm)
  <2,000
   3,800
  <2,000
   5,800
  <2,000
  96,000
 <10,000
 <10,000
   6,700
  <2,000
  33,000
   2,400
  <2,000
 <10,000
  <2,000
 <10,000
     280
     <10
     SNA
    ,<10
      74
      16
      60
 RCRA Blend*
Concentration
   tng/lcg
   (ppm)
  2,000
     <8
     <8
     
-------
                                   Table  4-2  (Continued)
                                SAMPLE SET  *2  (Continued)

                                      	Untreated  Waste
                                 Treated Waste
Detected BOAT List
Organic Constituents

SEMIVOLATILES (Continued)
111. Hexachlorobutadiene
113. Hexachloroetnane
121. Naphthalene
126. Nitrobenzene
136. Pentachlorobenzene
141. Phenanthrene
142. Phenol
145. Pyrene
148. 1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene
150. 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene

Detected BOAT List Mecal
and Inorganic Constituents

METALS
15**. Antimony
155. Arsenic
156. Barium
153. Cadmium
159. Chromium
160. Copper
161. Lead
163. Nickel
165. Silver
167. Vanadium
163. Zinc

INORGANICS
169. Total Cyanide
170. Fluoride
171. Sulfide
    K019       RCRA Blend*    Kiln Ash
Concentration Concentration Concentration
    og/kg         ng/leg         og/kg
    (ppm)         (ppm)         (pom)
                                                                                 Kiln Asr.
                                                                                   TCL?
      <50
       85
      314
      <25
       51
       15
       62
       65
    <6.0
    
-------
                             Table 4-2 (Continued)




                           SAMPLE SET 12 (Continued)

DESIGM AND OPERATING PARAMETERS

          Parameter                   Design             Operating Value
Kiln Temperature (°F)*                 . »                     1800-1880
Kiln Solids Residence Time (min)        *                        120
Waste Feed Rate (MMBTU/hr)+             •                   K019:  12.2
                                                     RCRA Blend,
                                                     Waste Burner 01: 5.2-5.5
                                                     RCRA Blend,
                                                     Waste Burner *2: U.U-g.7
Kiln Rotational Speed (RPM)             *                    0.19-0.21
•This information has been claimed as RCRA Confidential Business Information.
                                     4-10

-------
        Table  4-3  TREATMENT  PERFORMANCE  DATA  COLLECTED  BY  EPA  FOR  KOI9
                             PLANT  A  -  ROTARY  KILN  INCINERATOR

                                       SAMPLE  SET 13

                                         	Untreated  Waste
Detected BOAT List
Organic Constituents

VOLATILES
  4. Benzene
  7. Carbon tetrachloride
  9. Chlorobenzene
 14. Chloroform
 22. 1,1-Olcnloroethane
 23. 1,2-OIchloroethane
 34. Methyl ethyl Icetone
 38. Methylene chloride
 42. Tetrachloroethene
 43. Toluene
 45. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
 47. Trichloroethene
215-217. Xylene (total)
222. Acetone
226. Ethyl benzene
229. Methyl isobutyl Icetone
    K019
Concentration
   og/kg
   (POP)
  <2,000
   3,500
  <2,000
   5,000
  <2,000
  87,000
 <10,000
 <10,000
   6,000
  <2,000
  3U,ooo
   2,200
  <2,000
 <10,000
  <2,000
 <10,000
 RCRA Blend*
Concentration
   ing/kg
   (pom)
   2,000
      <8
      <8
      
-------
                                  Table  4-3  (Continued)
                                SAMPLE SET  13  (Continued)
                                             Untreated  Waste
                                                                       Treated Waste
Detected BOAT List
Organic Constituents

SEMIVOLATILES (Continued)
111. Hexachlorobutadiene
113. Hexachioroethane
121. Naphthalene
126. Nitrobenzene
136. Pentachlorobenzene
141. Phenanthrene
1U2. Phenol •
145. Pyrene
146. 1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene
150. 1,2t4-Trichloroben2ene

Detected BOAT List Metal
and I-norganie Constituents

METALS
154.  Antimony
155.  Arsenic
156.  Barium
153.  Cadmium
159.  Chromium
160.  Copper
161.  Lead
163.  Nickel
165.  Silver
167.  Vanadium
163.  Zinc

INORGANICS
169.  Total Cyanide
170.  Fluoride
171.  Sulfide
                                          K019        RCRA Blend*    Kiln Ash
                                      Concentration Concentration Concentration    TCI' .|
                                          ing/kg         mg/lcg         ing/kg        tngA4
                                          (pom)         (ppm)         (pom)       (pom)
                                            <50
                                             95
                                            350
                                            <25
                                             59
                                             11
                                             67
                                             70
                                           <6.0
                                           <0.2
                                           <0.9
                                           0.53
                                           3.5
                                           1.7
                                           3.4
                                           2.3
                                           <0.9
                                           <2.0
                                           4.U
                                          <0.5
                                          <5.0
                                            NA
  210
 <100
  <20
3,400
 <100
  240
   78
  200
  <50
  <50
   24
   94
  1.3
 <0.3
   40
  165
   27
  3.3
 <0.9
  2.2
4,170
  0.'9
   31
  830
  <2
  <5
  10
  <2
  <2
  <2
   5
  <5
9.2
5.7
54
3.6
202'
290
118
169
1.9
6.0
16
< 0.06(3'

-------
                             Table 4-3 (Continued)
                           SAMPLE SET <3 (ConCinued)
DESIGN AND OPERATING PARAMETERS

         Parameter

Kiln Temperacure (°F)*
Kiln Solids Residence Time (rain)
Waste Feed Rate (MMBTU/hr)»
Kiln Rotational Speed (RPM)
     Operating Value

        1850-1900
           120
       K019:  12.U
RCRA Blend,
Waste Burner 11: 5.2-5.8
RCRA Blend,
Waste Burner 12: U.U-3.U
        0.19-0.21
This information has been claimed as RCSA Confidential Business InforaaCion.
                                     4-13

-------
       Table 4-4 TREATMENT  PERFORMANCE DATA COLLECTED BY EPA FOR K019
                            PLANT  A  - ROTARY KILN INCINERATOR

                                      SAMPLE SET 14

                                         	Untreated Waste
Detected BOAT List
Organic Constituents

VOLATILES
  4. Benzene
  7. Carbon tetrachloride
  9. Chlorobenzene
 14. Chlopofonn
 22. 1,1-0ichloroethane
 23. 1,2-Oichloroethane
 34. Methyl ethyl Ice tone
 38. Methylene chloride
 42. Tetrachloroethene
 43. Toluene
 45. 1,1,1-Trichloroechane
 47.' Trichloroeehene
215-217.  Xylene (total)
222. Acetone
226. Ethyl benzene
229. Methyl Lsobutyl ketone

SEMIVOLATILES
 51. Acenaphthalene
 57. Anthracene
 65. Benzo(lc)fluoranthene
 68. Bis(2-cnloroethyl) ether
 70. Bi3(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
 SO. Chrysene
 87. o-Oichlorobenzene
 88. p-Oichlorobenzene
 98. Di-n-butyl phthalate
108. Fluoranthene
109. Fluorene
110. Hexachlorobenzene
  .  K019
Concentration
   ing/kg
   (ppn)
  <2,000
   3,900
  <2,000
   5,300
  <2fOOO
 122,000
 <10,000
 < 10,000
   7,200
  <2,000
  44,000
   2,300
  <2,000
 <10,000
  <2,000
 <10,000
     310
     <10
     SNA
      21
      61
 RCRA 31end*
Concentration
   ing/kg
   (ppm)
   2,000
      <8
      
-------
                                  Table  4-4  (Continued)
                                SAMPLE SET  *4  (Continued)
                                            Untreated Waste
                            Treated  Waste
Detected BOAT List
Organic Constituents

SEMIVOLATILES (Continued)
111. Hezachlorobutadiene
113. Hexaehloroethane
121. Naphthalene
126. Nitrobenzene
136.. Pentachlorobenzene
1 4 1. Phenanthrene
142. Phenol
145. Pyrene
148. 1,2,4,5-Tecrachlopobenzene
150. 1,2, 4-Tr iciilorobenzene

Detected BOAT List Metal
and Inorganic Constituents

METALS
154. Antimony
155. Arsenic
156. Barium
153. Cadfflium
159. Chromium
160. Copper
161. Lead
163. Nickel
165. Silver
167. Vanadium
163. Zinc

INORGANICS
169. Total Cyanide
170. Fluoride
171. Sulfide

MA  = Not Analyzed.
K019
Concentrat ion
tng/kg
( pom)
<50
94
360
<25
64
19
( 10
< 10
82
74
RCRA Blend*
Concentration
mg/kg
(pom)
210
<100
<20
3,400
<100
240
78
200
<50
<50
Kiln Ash
Concentration
og/kg
( pom )
<10
<10
<2
<5
< 10
<2
<2
<2
<5
<5
Kiln As
TCLP
mg/L
( pom )










<6.0
<0.2
<0.9
<0.3
1.3
<1.0
2.4
2.2
<0.9
<2.0
9.4
24
94
1.3
<0.3
40
165
27
8.8
<0.9
2.2
4,170
<0.5
<5.0
  NA
0.9
 31
830
<6.0
5.7
8.4
<0.3
28
1,270
25
69
2.5
<2.0
1 1
<0.060
<0.002
0.036
0.005
0. 1 10
1.9^0
0.320
0.370
<0.009
<0.020
0.056
<0.47
  3.2
  <50
  Only one sample of RCRA Blend waste uas :aken.
  samole sec.
        The results are repeated  in s
                                          4-15

-------
                             Table 4-4 (Continued)
                           SAMPLE SET *4 (Continued)
DESIGN AND OPERATING PARAMETERS

          Parameter

Kiln Temperature (°F)+
Kiln Solids Residence Tine (oin)
Waste Feed Rate (MMBTU/hr)*
Kiln Rotational Speed (RPM)
      Operating Value

          1775-1900
             120
        K019:  12.7
RCRA Blend,
Waste Burner *1: 5.2-5.3
RCRA Blend,
Waste Burner 02: U.U-7.3
         0.19-0.21
•This information has been claimed as RCRA Confidential Business Information.
                                    4-16

-------
      Table 4-5   TREATMENT PERFORMANCE DATA COLLECTED BY EPA FOR K019
                            PLANT A - ROTARY KILN INCINERATOR

                                    •  SAMPLE SET 95

                                        	 Untreated Waste
Detected BOAT List
Organic Constituents

VOLATILES
  4. Benzene
  7. Carbon tetrachloride
  9. QUorobenzene
 14. Chloroform
 22. 1,1-Oichioroethane
 23. 1,2-Oichloroethane
 34. Methyl echyi Icetone
 38. Methyiene chloride
 42. Tetrachloroethene
 43. Toluene
 45. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
 47. Trichloroethene
215-217. Xylene (total)
222.'Acetone
226. Ethyl benzene
229. Methyl isobutyl ketone
                                            K019
                                        Concentration
                                          . ing/kg
                                           (pom)
                                          <2,000
                                           U,000
                                          <2,000
                                           6,000
                                          <2,000
                                          130,000
                                          <10,000
                                          <10,000
                                           7,800
                                          <2,000
                                          45,000
                                           2,500
                                          <2,000
                                          <10,000
                                          <2,000
                                          <10,000
 RCRA Blend*
Concentration
   ng/kg
   (pom)
   2,000
      <8
      <8
      
-------
                                   Table 4-5 (Continued)
                                 SAMPLE SET *5 (Continued)
                                             Untreated Waste
                                                                       Treated Waste fl
Detected BOAT List
Organic Constituents

SEMIVOLATILES (Continued)
111
113.
121.
126.
1 36 .
141.
142.
145.
     Hexachlorobutadiene
     Hexachloroethanc
     naphthalene
     Nitrobenzene
     Pentachlorobenzene
     Phenan threne
     Phenol
     Pyrene
     1,2,4, 5-Tetrachlorobenzene
150. 1 ,2, 4-Trichlorobenzene

Detected BOAT List Metal
and Inorganic Constituents

METALS
15^. Antimony
155- Arsenic
156. Barium
153. Cadmium
159. Chromium
160. Copper
161. Lead
163. Nickel
165. Silver
167. Vanadium
163. Zinc

INORGANICS
169. Total Cyanide
170. Fluoride
171. Sulfide
                                         KOI9       RCRA  Blend*     Kiln  Ash
                                     Concentration Concentration  Concentration
                                         ng/kg         og/Vcg          tag/kg
                                         (ppn)         (pom)        .  (pom)
<50
113
371
<25
 63
 19
                                            73
                                            72
                                          <6.0
                                          <0.2
                                          <0.9
                                          0.36
                                           3.2
                                           2.1
                                           2.5
                                           4.8
                                          <0.9
                                          <2.0
                                           4.7
                                          <0.5
                                          <5.0
                                            NA
 210
<100
 <20
<100
 240
  78
 200
 <50
 <50
              24
              94
             1.3
            <0.3
              40
             165
              27
             a.a
            <0.9
             2.2
           U,170
             0.9
              31
             830
<2
<5

<2
<2
<2
<5
<5
                9.1
                3.9
                 21
                1.2
                125
               ,780
                 36
                166
                3.3
                5.7
                 22
              <0.«7
                 23
                 64
                                                                                 Kilrfw*s.
                                                                                   TCLP
         <0.06o-
         <0.002
          0.00
          0.210
          2. '
          0.29'
          1.27CT"
         <0.02t
          0.08C,
MA : Not Analyzed.

•Only one sample of RCRA Blend waste was taken.  The results  are  repeated  in eacr.
 sample set.
                                         4-18

-------
                             Table U-5 (Continued)
                           SAMPLE SET »5 (Continued)


DESIGN AND OPERATIWG PARAMETERS

       Parameter                      Design              Operating Value

Kiln Temperature (°F)~                   •                    1775-1800
Kiln Solids Residence Time (min)         *                       120
Waste Feed Rate (MMBTU/hr)*              »                  K019:  11.7
                                                   RCRA Blend,
                                                   Waste Burner  t1: 5.5-6.0
                                                   RCRA Blend,
                                                   Waste Burner  02: 5.2-9.7
Kiln Rotational Speed (RPM)              *                   0.19-0.21
•This information has been claimed as RCRA Confidential Business Information.
                                     4-19

-------
      Table 4-6    TREATMENT PERFORMANCE DATA COLLECTED BY EPA FOR K019
                             PUNT A - ROTAflr KILN INCINERATOR

                                       SAMPLE SET <6

                                         	Untreated Waste
                                             i
 Detected  BOAT List
 Organic Constituents

 VOLATILES
   4.  Benzene
   7.  Carbon  tetrachloride
   9.  Chlorobenzene
  14.  Chloroform
  22.  1,1-0 ichloroethane
.  23-- 1,2-Oichlopoethane
  34.  Methyl  ethyl tcetone
  38.  Methylene chloride
  42.  Tetrachloroethene
  43.  Toluene
  «5.  1,1,1-Trichloroethane
  47.  Trichloroethene
 215-217.  Xylene (total)
 222;  Acetone
 226.  Ethyl benzene
 229.  Methyl  isobutyl leetone

 SEMIVOLATILES
  51.  Acenapthalene
  57.  Anthracene
  65.  Benzo(k)fluoranthene
  68.  Bis<2~chloroethyi) ether
  70.  Bis(2-ethylhexyl)  phthalate
  30.  Chryaene
  37.  o-Dichlorobenzene
  38.  p-Qichlorobenzene
  98.  Di-n-butyl phthalate
 108.  Fluoranthene
 109.  Fluorene
 110.  Hexachlorobenzene
    K019
Concentration
   og/kg
   (ppm)
  <2,000
   4,100
  <2,000
   5,600
  <2,000
  98,000
 <10,000
 <10,000
   6,900
  <2,000
  44,000
   2,500
  <2,000
 <10,000
  <2,000
 <10,000
     330
     <10
     SNA
     <10
      90
      22
      66
 RCRA Blend*
Concentration
   mg/lcg
   (pom)
     000
      <8
      <8
      
-------
                                  Table U-6  (Continued)
                                SAMPLE SET 96 (Continued)
                                            Uncreated Waste
                            Treated Waste
Detected BOAT List
Organic Constituents

SEMIVOLATILES (Continued)
111. Hexachlorobutadiene
113. Hexachloroethane
121. Naphthalene
126. Nitrobenzene
136. Pentachlorobenzene
1«1. Phenanthrene
1«2. Phenol
1«5. Pyrene
1«8. lF2,U,5-Tetrachlorobenzene
150. 1,2,U-Trichloroenzene

Detected BOAT List Metal
and I-norganie Constituents

METALS
IS**. Antimony
155. Arsenic
156. Barium
153. Cadmium
159. Chromium
160. Copper
161. Lead
163. Nickel
165. Silver
167. Vanadium
163. Zinc

INORGANICS
169. Total Cyanide
170. Fluoride
171. Sulfide

NA  : Not Analyzed.
K019
Concentration
og/lcg
(ppm)
<50
88
390
<25
65
17.
<10
<10
36
79
RCRA Blend*
Concentration
mg/kg
(pom)
210
<100
<20
3.UOO
<100
2UO
78
200
<50
<50
Kiln Asn
Concentration
mg/kg
(pom)
<10
<10
<2
<5
<10
<2
<2
<2
<5
<5
Kiln As:
TCL?
tng/L
(scro)










<6.0
<0.2
<0.9
0.62
5.3
3.6
3.5
6.0
<0.9
<2.0
8.4
2U
94
1.3
<0.3
UO
165
27
8.8
<0.9
2.2
tt,170
<0.5
<5.0
  NA
0.9
 31
830
9.5
2.3
1 1
2.2
im
2,520
34
288
3.1
a. 7
!3
< 0.06
<0..002
0 . 027
0.006
0.092
2.UOO
0.270
0.690
< 0.009
<0.020
0.061

-------
                                  Table 4-6 (Continued)
                                SAMPLE SET #6 (Continued)


DESIGN AND OPERATING PARAMETERS

              Parameter                   Design              Operating Value

    Kiln Temperature (°F)*                  •                    1775-1850
    Kiln Solids Residence Time (min)        *                       120
    Waste Feed Rate (MMBTU/hr)*             »                   K019:  11.5
                                                       RCRA Blend,
                                                       Waste Burner *1: 5.2-5.3
                                                       RCRA Blend,
                                                       Waste Burner i2: 5-2-9.7
    Kiln Rotational Speed (RPM)             •                    0.19-0.21
    This information has been claimed as RCRA Confidential Business Information.
                                        4-22

-------
              Table 4-7  TREATHENT PERFORMANCE DATA COLLECTED BY EPA FOR K048 AND K05I
                                 PLANT I - STABILIZATION OF INCINERATOR ASH
Treated Uaate
Untreated WaaU
Detected
BDAT
List
Hetal
Constituents
154.
155.
156.
157.
158.
159.

221.
Antimony
Araenlo
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
(total)
Chromium
TCLP Eifcraota
of K048 and
K05I Inolner-
ator Ash
0.06-0.09
0.008-0.025
0.17-0.25
0.001
< 0.00 3

2.1-2.6

(hexavalent) NA
160.
161.
162.
163.
161.
165.
166.
167.
168.
Copper
Lead
Maroury
Nickel
Selenium
Sliver
Thallium
Vanadium
Zlno
0.02
<0.05
0.0002-0.0003
0.02-0.03
0.033-0.12
< 0.009
NA
2.5-3.6
0.055-0.11
TCLP Extracts of Stabilized Fluldlzed Bed
Cement Binder
Bun 1
ng/L
(ppm)

-------
                                           Table 4-7 (Continued)
Stabilization
Design and
Operating Parameters
Binder to Ash Ratio
Lime to Ash Ratio
Fly Aah to Ash Ratio
Water to Aah Ratio
Ambient Temperature (°C)
Mixture pll
Cure Time (Day a)

Run 1
0.2
NP
NP
0.5
23
11.6
28
Cement
Bun 2
0.2
NP
NP
0.5
23
11.5
28
Process
Kiln Duat
Bun 3
0.2
NP
NP
0.5
23
11.5
28
Run 1
0.2
NP
NP
0.5
19
12.1
28
Bun 2
0.2
NP
NP
0.5
19.5
12.1
28
Bun 3
0.2
NP
NP
0.5
20
12.1
28
•
Line
Run 1
NP
0.2
0.2
0.5
19
12.0
28

and Fly
Run 2
NP
0.2
0.2
0.5
19
12.1
28

Aah
Bun 3
NP
0.2
0.2
0.5
19
12.1
28
Unconflned Compreaalve Strength
  (lb/lnz)
913.5   921.6     1270   222.8   267.7   2«M.O   565.8    §12.6    578.8
UP -• Not applicable.

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            Table  4-8   EPA-Designated  Toxicity  Test  Applied to
                    Vitrified  Slags  Containing  Arsenic
Arsenic
in slag
(%)
0.3
0..54
0.77
2.1
3.3
5.2
9.0
9.1
12.4
13.7
16.4
19.4
20.7
23.5
Analysis of leach solution for
arsenic from EP toxicity test
(mg/1)
0.007
0.016
0.047
0.448
0.421
0.902
0.337
0.415
0.115
0.308
0.377
0.802
0.846
1.791
EPA-specified concentration of arsenic for designation as a characteristic
toxic material is 5 mg/1.                            v

Source:  Twidwell and Mehta 1985.
                                   4-25

3089g

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              5.   DETERMINATION  OF BEST DEMONSTRATED
                     AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGY  (BOAT)
    This section presents the Agency's rationale for determining best
demonstrated available technology (BOAT)  for K021 nonwastewaters and
wastewaters.

    To determine BOAT, the Agency examines all available performance data
on technologies that are identified as demonstrated on the waste of
concern or similar wastes to determine (using statistical techniques)
whether one or more of the technologies performs significantly better
than the others.  All performance data used for determination of best
technology must first be adjusted for accuracy, as discussed in EPA's
publication Methodology for Developing BOAT Treatment Standards.   (An
accuracy adjustment accounts for the ability of an analytical technique
to recover a particular constituent from the waste in a particular test.
The recovery of a constituent is usually determined by spiking a sample
with a known amount of the target constituent and then comparing the
spiked sample amounts with results from unspiked samples.)  BOAT must be
specifically defined for all streams associated with the management of
the listed waste or wastes; this pertains to the original waste as well
as any residual waste streams created by the treatment process.
Additionally, the ANOVA test is available to compare data from two or
more demonstrated technologies and determine which offers the best
treatment.  The ANOVA test is described fully in the methodology
background document (USEPA 1989a).

    The technology that performs best, based on ANOVA tests,  on a
particular waste or waste treatability group is then evaluated to
determine whether it is "available."  To be available,  the technology
must (1) be commercially available to any generator and (2)  provide
"substantial" treatment of the waste, as determined through evaluation of
accuracy-adjusted data.  In determining whether treatment is  substantial,
EPA may consider data on the performance of a waste similar to the waste

                                    5-1
3090g

-------
in question provided that the similar waste is at least as difficult  to
treat.  If the best technology is found to be not available, then  the
next best technology is evaluated, and so on.

5.1      BOAT for Organics

    The determination of substantial treatment of organics involves
comparing constituent concentrations in the original waste to the
respective concentrations in all residual streams from treatment.  No
performance data are available for organics in the K021 waste as
generated, but because of its similarity to K019 the Agency believes  the
"best" technology chosen for K019, incineration, would be applicable  to
K021.  Incineration of K021 waste as generated (a nonwastewater) will
result in two different treatment residues, scrubber water (wastewater)
and incinerator ash (nonwastewater).   These residues should be devoid of
organic constituents;  that is, the organic constituents will be present
in amounts below than the detection limit.

    EPA has determined in Section 3 that incineration is demonstrated on
wastes similar to K021.  Also, EPA believes that incineration provides
substantial treatment for organics because the performance data for K019
show that untreated concentrations of constituents with higher boiling
points than those of constituents regulated in K021 can be reduced to
nondetectable levels in both the residual nonwastewater ash and the
residual wastewater stream (the scrubber water).  Thus, incineration is
selected as "best" for organic constituents in K021 wastes.

    As "best," "demonstrated," and "available," incineration is therefore
BOAT for organics in K021 wastes.

 5.2     BOAT for Metals

    As discussed in Section 3, there are no demonstrated technologies for
antimony treatment in K021 wastewaters.   The Agency is, therefore,  not

                                    5-2
3090g

-------
choosing a BOAT for metals treatment in K021 wastewaters.  The method of
choosing regulatory levels for antimony in K021 wastewaters without a
demonstrated technology is explained in Section 7.

    EPA has determined in Section 3 that vitrification is an applicable
and demonstrated technology for antimony in K021 nonwastewater
residuals.  Also, EPA believes that vitrification for antimony provides
substantial treatment because antimony levels are reduced to the
EP-Toxicity level for arsenic.  Additionally, vitrification yields
residues with minimal hazardous properties.  Therefore, EPA .believes that
vitrification is BOAT, for antimony in nonwastewater residuals of K021.
EPA also is choosing a numerical level for antimony in nonwastewaters
based on stabilization performance data from K048-K052.  This method of
choosing a numerical standard for antimony without a demonstrated
technology is outlined in Section 7.
                                    5-3
3090g

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              6.   SELECTION  OF REGULATED CONSTITUENTS


    This section presents the methodology and rationale for the selection
of regulated constituents for the treatment of K021.


    Generally,  constituents selected for regulation must satisfy the
following criteria:
    1.  They must be on the BDAT list of regulated constituents.
        (Presence on the BDAT list implies the existence of approved
        techniques for analyzing the constituent in treated waste
        matrices.)

    2.  They must be present in, or be suspected of being present in,  the
        untreated waste.  For example, in some cases,  analytical
        difficulties (such as masking) may prevent a constituent  from
        being identified in the untreated waste, but its identification
        in a treatment residual may lead the Agency to conclude that it
        is present in the untreated waste.

    3.  Where performance data are transferred,  the selected constituents
        must be easier to treat than the waste constituent(s)  from which
        performance data are transferred.  Factors for assessing  ease  of
        treatment vary according to the technology of concern.   For
        instance,  for incineration the factors include bond dissociation
        energy, thermal conductivity, and boiling point.
    From the group of constituents that are eligible to be regulated

(i.e., all constituents on the BDAT List),  EPA may select a subset of

constituents as representative of the broader group.  For example,  out of

a group of constituents that react similarly to treatment,  the Agency

might name only those that are the most difficult to treat as  regulated

constituents for the purpose of setting a standard.


6.1      Identification of BDAT List Constituents


    As discussed in Sections 2 and 4, the Agency has no performance data

from treatment of organics in K021 waste by incineration.  Compositional



                                    6-1

3091g

-------
data for this waste were obtained from the RCRA Listing Background
Document.  Performance data for organics are available for K019, which
the Agency believes is similar to K021 and therefore represents a source
of transfer.  The Agency is using these data as the best source of data
for transfer.  These data, along with information on the K021
waste-generating process, have been used to determine which BOAT list
constituents are or may be present in the waste and thus which ones are
potential candidates for regulation.  Both K021 and K019 contain carbon
tetrachloride and chloroform, the primary constituents of concern in
K021.  Table 6-1 indicates, for the untreated waste, three constituents
that the Agency believes are likely to be present in K021, based on
listing information.  These three constituents (carbon tetrachloride,
chloroform, and antimony) were considered as candidates for regulation.

6.2      Constituent Selection

    The Agency is regulating the two organic BOAT list constituents
believed to be present in K021--carbon tetrachloride and chloroform.

    The Agency is also regulating antimony, the only BDAT list metal
believed to be present.
                                    6-2

3091g

-------
             Table.6-1   Candidates  for  Regulation in K021  Waste
Constituent


Volatile organics

Carbon tetrachloride3
Chloroform3

Metals

Antimony3
  These constituents are selected for regulation.
                                    6-3

3091g

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            7.  CALCULATION  OF BOAT TREATMENT STANDARDS

    The Agency bases numerical treatment standards for regulated
constituents on the performance of well-designed and well-operated BOAT
treatment systems.  These standards must account for analytical
limitations in available performance data and must be  adjusted for
variabilities related to treatment,  sampling,  and analytical techniques
and procedures.

    Concentration-based BOAT standards are determined  for each constituent
by multiplying the arithmetic mean of accuracy-adjusted constituent
concentrations detected in the treated waste by a "variability factor"
specific to each constituent.  Accuracy adjustment of  performance data  is
discussed later in this section.   EPA's publication Methodology for
Developing BOAT Treatment Standards details both accuracy adjustment and
the determination and use of variability factors.

    Where EPA has identified BOAT for a particular waste,  but because of
data limitations or for some other compelling reason cannot define
specific treatment standards for that waste, the Agency can require the
use of that treatment process as a technology standard.

    In the case of K021 waste,  the Agency is setting treatment standards
for the volatile organic and metal constituents shown  in Tables 7-1
and 7-2 at the end of this section.   The organic treatment standards are
based on performance data from the incineration of K019 waste (see
Tables 4-1 through 4-6).  The wastewater metal standards are also based
on incineration of K019.  For nonwastewater metal residuals,  standards
are based on either slag vitrification of arsenic or stabilization of
K048-K052 ash (see Tables 4-7 and 4-8),

    As discussed in Sections 2 and 3, there are no demonstrated technolog-
ies or characterization data for antimony in K021 wastewaters or nonwaste-
waters.   Antimony was present,  however, in untreated K019 and K048-K052

                                    7-1
3092g

-------
wastes, in the scrubber water residuals from the treatment of K019,  and
in the ash residuals of K048-K052.  Because the Agency does not know what
concentration of antimony is normally found in untreated K021 waste, it
assumes that there is not more antimony in K021 untreated waste than
there was in K019 or K048-K052 untreated waste.  (The concentration  of
antimony in the untreated K019 was 24 mg/1, and the concentration in the
untreated K048-K052 waste was 9 mg/1.)  Based on this assumption, there
should be no more antimony in either the scrubber water or incinerator
ash from the treatment of K021 waste than is found in scrubber water and
incinerator ash from the treatments of K019 and K048-K052, respectively.
(The treated values for antimony from incineration of K019 are 0.38  mg/1
for scrubber water and <0.06 mg/1 TCLP for incinerator ash.  For
K048-K052 incinerator ash, antimony was found at 0.06 to 0.09 mg/1
TCLP.)  Therefore, the Agency is setting treatment standards for antimony
in K021 scrubber water based on the performance data from incineration of
K019 waste (see Tables 4-1 through 4-6); for antimony in K021 incinerator
ash, the Agency is setting standards based on the stabilization of
K048-K052 (see Table 4-8).  If a facility should have to treat K021  with
antimony levels significantly higher than the levels found in K019 or in
K048-K052,
the sources of antimony transfer for K021,  this facility may petition for
a variance.  Additionally, the Agency is setting treatment standards for
antimony in the nonwastewater residuals of K021 from the vitrification
of arsenic because available literature (Tooley 1984) has revealed that
antimony is often used as a component in glass (i.e., vitrified).

    The accuracy-adjusted concentration for a constituent in a matrix is
the analytical result multiplied by the correction factor (the reciprocal
of the recovery fraction).   For example,  if Compound A is measured
"Jc
 The recovery fraction is the ratio of (1) the measured amount of
 constituent .(or surrogate) in a spiked aliquot minus the measured amount
 of constituent (or surrogate) in the original unspiked aliquot to (2)
 the known amount of constituent (or surrogate) added to spike the
 original aliquot.  (Refer to the Generic Quality Assurance Project Plan
 for Land Disposal Restrictions Program ("BDAT").)
                                    7-2
3092s

-------
at 2.55 mg/1 and the recovery is 85 percent, the accuracy-adjusted
concentration is 3.00 mg/1:

     2.55 rag/1     x        1/0.85     -       300 mg/1
(analytical result) (correction factor) (accuracy-adjusted concentration)

    After treatment performance data are corrected for accuracy, the
arithmetic average of the corrected data is calculated for each
constituent.  In cases where the constituent is not detected above its
detection limit, the detection limit is used to calculate the average
constituent concentration in the treated waste.  The next step in
calculating treatment standards is to determine the variability factor
for each regulated constituent.  EPA is using a variability factor of 2.8
for all of the volatile organic constituent treatment standard
calculations for K021 nonwastewaters because treatment performance values
for each constituent transferred from K019 was below the detection limit
in the K019 incinerator ash.  All of the variability factors for
constituents in K021 wastewaters are also 2.8 because the treatment
performance for each constituent transferred from K019 was below the
detection limit.

    The variability factor for antimony in nonwastewaters is 2.8 because
treatment performance from incineration of K048-K052 is below the
detection limit.  Also, treatment performance for vitrification is from
one data set, making the variability factor 2.8.  For antimony treatment
standards in wastewaters, the variability factor has been calculated to
be 1.26.

    BOAT treatment standards are calculated for each constituent by
multiplying the arithmetic mean of accuracy-adjusted concentrations by
the variability factor of each constituent.  Table 7-3 summarizes all
treatment standards being established for K021 waste.  Note that
concentrations are expressed in terms of mg/kg and mg/1 for
nonwastewaters and wastewaters, respectively.

                                    7-3
3092g

-------
3077g
                       Table 7-1  Calculation of Nomastewater Treatment Standards for Constituents
                                           Proposed for Regulation in K021  Waste
                          Treated average     Analytical    Correction factor     Corrected                   Treatment
                           nonwastenater       recovery     (reciprocal  of        analytical     Variability   standard
  Constituent          concentration (rag/kg)      (X)      analytical  recovery)      values         factor        (mg/kg)
Volati le organ ics
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Metals
Ant i irony

< Z.O 91 1.1
< 2.0 91 1.1
TCLP (mg/1)
<0.060 74 a 1.35

2.2 2.8 6.2
2.2 2.8 6.2
TCLP (mg/1)
0.08 2.8 0.23
a No analytical recoveries are available for antimony from K019.   Therefore,  the analytical  recovery for antimony  is
  taken from K048-K052 metals data.  K048-K.052 are also organic  nonwastewaters.
                                                             7-4

-------
3077g
                       Table 7-2  Calculation of Wastewater Treatment Standards for Constituents
                                        Proposed for Regulation in K021 Waste
                         Treated average     Analytical   Correction factor     Corrected                    Treatment
                            wastewater        recovery     (reciprocal of       analytical      Variability   standard
  Constituent         concentration (mg/1)       (X)     analytical recovery)      values          factor       (mg/1)
Volatile organ ics
Carbon tetrachloride 0.0175 86 1.16
Chloroform 0.0124 100 1.0
Metals
Antimony 0.38 80. 7a 1.24

0.0204 2.8 0.057
0.0124 3.71 0.046

0.47 1.26 0.6
  No analytical recovery information is available for metals in K019;  therefore,  the average of the analytical
  recoveries for metals in K048-K052 were used.   K048-K.052 are also organic nonwastewaters.
                                                              7-5

-------
3077g
                            Table 7-3  Treatment Standards for K021 Waste
Nonwastewaters



Constituent
Volatile organ ics
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Total
concentration
(mg/kg)
(Grab sample)

6.2
6.2
TCLP leachate
concentration
(mg/1)
(Grab sample)

HA
HA
Wastewaters
Total
concentration
(tng/D
(Composite sample)

0.057
0.046
Metals





Ant imony
HA
0.23
0.60
HA = Not applicable.

-------
                             8.   REFERENCES
APHA, AWWA, and WPCF.  1985.  American Public Health Association,
  American Water Works Association, and Water Pollution Control
  Federation.  Standard methods for the examination of water and
  wastewater.  16th ed.  Washington, D.C.:  American Public Health
 .Association.

Tooley, F.V.  1984.  The handbook of glass manufacture.  3rd ed.
  Volume I.  New York:  Ashlee Publishing Company, Inc.

USEPA.  1980.  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
  Waste.  RCRA listing background document.  Washington, D.C.:  U.S.
  Environmental Protection Agency.

USEPA.  1987.  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
  Waste.  Generic quality assurance project plan for land disposal
  restrictions program ("BOAT").  EPA/530-SW-87-011.  Washington, D.C.:
  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

USEPA.  1988a.  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
  Waste.  Best demonstrated available technology (BOAT) background
  document for K019.  Washington, D.C.:  U.S. Environmental Protection
  Agency.

USEPA.  1988b.  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
  Waste.  Best demonstrated available technology (BDAT) background
  document for K048-K052.  Washington, D.C.:  U.S. Environmental
  Protection Agency.

USEPA.  1989a.  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
  Waste.  Methodology for developing BDAT treatment standards.
  Washington, D.C.:  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

USEPA.  1989b.  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
  Waste.  Treatment technology background document.  Washington, D.C.:
  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

USEPA.  1990a.  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
  Waste.  Proposed best demonstrated available technology (BDAT)
  background document for characteristic arsenic (D004) and
  characteristic selenium (D010).   Washington, D.C.:  U.S. Environmental
  Protection Agency.

USEPA.  1990b.  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
  Waste.  Best demonstrated available technology (BDAT) background
  document for third third U&P wastes & multi-source leachates.
  Volume A.  Washington, D.C.:  U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
                                    8-1
30938

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                                 APPENDIX A




             Wastewater  Standards  for U&P Wastes (USEPA 1990b)
3093g

-------
          Carbon Tetrachloride (U221).   The data available for carbon
tecrachloride were compiled from the WERL database, BOAT Solvents Rule data,
and literature VAO and PACT" data.   These data are presented in Table 4-9.
Demonstrated treatment technologies included AL, AS, AS+Fil, AirS, BT,
chemically assisted clarification (CAC),  GAG, PACT", RO,  SS,  and WOx.  The
treatment performance data represents bench-, pilot, and full-scale  studies.
The resulting effluent concentrations ranged from 0.200 ppb to 12,000 ppb.

          The proposed and promulgated BOAT standard was set using BT
technology and an achievable effluent of 10 ppb.  BT was selected as BDAT
because it represents full-scale data developed from ITD sampling and was used
as part of the BDAT Solvents Rule.  The effluent concentration achievable by
this technology is supported by similar effluent concentrations from the SS
and GAG treatment performance data.

          The resulting BDAT treatment standard for carbon tetrachloride is
0.057 ppm as shown in Table 6-10.
                                      A-l

-------
                                                 TABLE  4-9
                                     WASTEWATER TREATMENT PERFORMANCE  DATA
                                           TOR CARBON TETRACHLORIOE
TECHNOLOGY
AL
AL
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS+Fil
AS+Fil
Airs
• BT
BT
CAC
OAC
CAC
PACT
PACT
PACT
RO
SCOx
ss
ss
TF
TF
WOx
WOx
DETECTION RANGE
TECHNOLOGY FACILITY LIMIT INFLUENT
SIZE (ppb) CONCENTRATION
(ppb)
Piloc
Pilot
Pilot
Full
Pilot
Full
Bench
Full
Pilot
Pilot
Full
Full
Bench
Full
Full
Piloc
Full
Full
Bench
Bench
Bench
Pilot
Pilot
Full
Full
Pilot
Pilot
Bench
Full
203A
203A
203A
IB
206B
975B
2020
6B
241B
240A
68
6B
132BE
P22S
REF4
203A
1264B
2 37 A
242E
Zlmpro
Zimpro
323B
650
2S1B
251B
203A
240A
Ziapro
242E
0-100
0-100
0-100
100-1000
0-100
0-100
10000-100000
100-1000
100-1000
. 0-100
1000-10000
10000-100000
10000-100000
51-44000
95
100-1000
0-100
0-100
1000-10000
860
2000
100-1000
100-1000
10000-100000
1000-10000
0-100
0-100
4330000
1000000
NO. OF
DATA
POINTS
14
14 '
14
6
20


3
5
12
14
2
5
17
1
14

1

1
1
1

10
10
14
12
1

AVERAGE
EFFLUENT RECOVERY REMOVAL REFERENC!
CONCENTRATION (%) (%)
(ppb)
11.000
15.000
13.000
16.000
0.200
3.000
130.000
10.000
5.000
4.000
10.000
10.000
7600.000
10.000
S.500
101.000
1.000
10.000
30.000
1.000
30.000
2.000
20.300
5.000
10.000
26.000
4.000
12000.000
2000.000
84
78
81
88
99.67
94.8
99.32
96.7
98.3
90.7
99.09
99.96
89


0
87
89
98.5
99.9
98.5
98
96.5
99.99
99.41
62
90.7
99.7
99.92
HER!
WERL
HERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
30AT »
BOAT »
WERL
WERL
WERL
HERL
WAO
WAO
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WAO
WERL
I ITO data presented in the BOAT Solvents  Rule  F001-F005 Background Document.
                                                     A-2

-------
          Chloroform (U044).  'Several sources of wastewater treatment
performance data were available for chloroform including data from the ITD,
and VERL databases and literature WAO and PACT* data.   These data are
presented in Table 4-15.  Demonstrated treatment technologies included AL, AS,
AS+Fil, AirS, CAC, CAC+AirS, chemical oxidation (ChOx), GAC, PACT".  RO,  SS,
TF, and WOx.  The treatment performance data represents bench-, pilot-, and
full-scale data.

          The treatment performance data available from the ITD database were
used for setting the proposed and promulgated BOAT standard for this
constituent for the following reasons:

          (1)  The ITD data represent treatment performance data from the
               OCPSF sampling episodes.  The data collected by ITD include
               long-term sampling of several industries.  These data are
               therefore a good reflection of the total organic chemical
               industry and can adequately represent a wastewater of unknown
               characteristics.
          (2)  The ITD data were carefully screened prior to inclusion in  that
               database.  These data were used in determining an ITD
               promulgated limit.
          (3)  A promulgated ITD limit represents data that have undergone
               both EPA and industry review and acceptance.

          The BOAT for chloroethane is SS and using the ITD median long term
average and ITD Option 1 variability factors, a BOAT treatment standard equal
to the ITD limit was calculated as shown in Table 4-173.  The BOAT treatment
standard for chloroethane is 0.046 ppm.
                                      A-3

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            TABLE  4-15
WASTEWATER TREATMENT PERFORMANCE DATA
          FOR CHLOROFORM

TECHNOLOGY


AL
AL
AL
AL
AL
AL
AL
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
As+rn
AS+Fll
Airs
Airs
AirS
Airs

TECHNOLOGY
SIZE

Full
Full
Piloc
Full
Full
Full
Pilot
Full
Full
Full
Full
Banch
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
Pilot
Full
Full
Plloc
Full
Plloc
Full
Full
Full
Plloc
Full
Full
B«nch
Piloc
Plloc
Bench

FACILITY


16073
IB
203A
141A
16078
1607B
203A
IB
6B
IB
6B
2020
234A
IB
37SE
IB
9758
234A
234A
68
238A
16078
1607B
206B
375E
1587E
2 4 IB
234A
203A
6B
201B
234A
240A
6B
6B
1328E
369A
2138
1328E
DETECTION RANGE
LIMIT INFLUENT
(ppb) CONCENTRATION
(ppb)
0-100
100-1000
100-1000
100-1000
100-1000
100-1000
100-1000
0-100
100-1000
0-100
100-1000
10000-100000
0-100
0-100
0-100
100-1000
0-100
0-100
0-100
100-1000
0-100
100-1000
1000-10000
100-1000
0-100
0-100
100-1000
0-100
100-1000
1000-10000
0-100
0-100
0-100
1000-10000
100-1000
100000-1000000
0-100
0-100
10000-100000
NO. OF
DATA
POINTS

3
6
14

2
3
14
3
7
5
3


6
7
6



3
3
3
2
20
7

5

14
27
29

14
3
14
5

1
5
AVERAGE
EFFLUENT
CONCENTRATION
(ppb)
9.000
26.000
53.000
16.000
10.000
130.000
31.000
20.000
30.000
6.000
10.000
200.000
1.200
21.000
1.000
59.000
2.000
2.300
0.500
10.000
2.400
50.000
40.000
3.600
20.000
1.600
44.000
1.300
18.000
19.000
38.000
1.300
2.000
10.000
10.000
16000.000
1.400
13.000
4400.300

RECOVERY REMOVAL
(%) <*)

90.1
96.8
61
92.3
97.4
86
77
80
77
86
97.7
99.43
61
62
75
'51
93.8
72
98.4
98.2
46
86
96.9
97.4
78
65
35
84
87
98.7
53
65
98
99.41
95.3
93.1
98.2
77
33

REFERENC)


WERL
HERL
WERL
WERL
HERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
                A-4

-------
            TABLE 4-15  (Continued)
WASTEWATER TREATMENT PERFORMANCE DATA
           FOR CHLOROFORM
TECHNOLOGY
AirS
Airs
Airs
AlrS
Airs
AlrS
AlrS
Airs
AlrS
CAC
CAC+AlrS
ChOx
ChOx
ChOx (Oz)
ChOx (Oz)
GAC
CAC
CAC
CAC
CAC
PACT
PACT
PACT
RO
RO
RO
SCOX
• ss
• S3
SS
ss
ss
ss •
TF
TF
TF
WOx
MOx
TECHNOLOGY
SIZE
Pilot
Bench
Bench
Bench
Bench
Pilot
Bonch
Bench
Pilot
Pilot
Full
Bench
Bench
Pilot
Pilot
Full
Pilot
Full
Full
Full
Bench
Bench
Bench
Pilot
Full
Full
Pilot
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
Pilot
Full
Pilot
Bench
Bancn
DETECTION RANGE
FACILITY LIMIT INFLUENT
(ppb) CONCENTRATION
(ppb)
22SB
17A
17A
17A
17A
210B
17A
1328E
434B
203A
18330
640E
640E
331D
3310
12648
331D
24SB
237A
24SB
242E
Zlopro
Zimpro
180A
250B
2SOB
650
415T
913
6B
6B
2S1B
2 5 IB
240A
IB
203A
ZLapro
Zimpro
0-100
0-100
1000-10000
0-100
100-1000
100-1000
100-1000
100-1000
1000-10000
100-1000
0-100
100-1000
100-1000
0-100
0-100
0-100
0-100
100-1000
100-1000
100-1000
0-100
1470
38
0-100
1000-10000
100-1000
100-1000
10 7330-1088000
10 28700-200000
100000-1000000
10000-100000
1000000
100000-1000000
0-100
0-100
100-1000
4450000
270000
NO. OF AVERAGE
DATA EFFLUENT RECOVERY REMOVAL REFERENC
POINTS CONCENTRATION (%) (%)
(ppb)
1




1

5
4
14
25
2
1




1
1
1

1
1




15
14
15
2
10
10
14
4
14
1
1
0.130
2.600
110.000
3.900
4.200
1.000
3.700
34.000
41.000
106.000
0.200
7.000
3.000
46.000
2.800
1.000
1.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
20.000
1.000
20.000
0.890
110.000
53.000
1.700
10.500
129.200
10.000
120.000
6000.000
9600.000
11.000
14.000
102.000
3000.300
1000.000
98.9
96.9
91.7
88
98.6
99.2
98.6
84
98
22
89
96
99
37
35
87
98.6
97.6
98.1
96.2
47
99.9
47
71
94.5
87
99.83


99.99
99.38
99.99
96.4
89
86
24
99.9
99
HER!
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WER1
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WAO
WAO
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
ITD-L
:TD-L
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WAO
WAO
                A-5

-------
           Antimony.   Two sources  of wastewater treatment performance dara were

 available  for antimony,  including data from the ITD-CMDB and WERL database.
 These  data are presented in Table 4-118.   Demonstrated treatment technologies

 included AS,  CAC,  L+Sed, and L+Sed+Fil.   The treatment performance data

 represents bench-  and full-scale  studies.


           The treatment performance data available from the ITD-CMDB were used

.for  setting the proposed and promulgated BOAT standard for this constituent

 for  the  following  reasons:

           (1)  The ITD-CMDB represents industry wide treatment performance
                data which were collected as part of ITD's effluent guidelines
                work.  These data  are therefore a good reflection of the metals
                industry and can adequately represent a wastewater of unknown
                characteristics.

           (2)  The ITD-CMDB data  were carefully screened prior to inclusion in
                that database.  These data were used in determining ITD
                promulgated limits.


            (3)   In addition,  the  ITD-CMDB data have been challenged  in court
                 and  were upheld.   These data therefore represent a reviewed and
                 accepted source of treatment performance data.


           The  BOAT  for  antimony  is lime conditioning followed by sedimentation

 and filtration (L+Sed+Fil)  and using  the ITD mean long term average and  ITD-

 CMDB variability  factor, a  BOAT  treatment standard equal to the ITD 1-day

 maximum limit  was calculated as  shown in Table 6-10.  The BOAT treatment

 standard  for antimony is 1.9 ppm.

-------
                                                 TABLE 4-118
                                     WASTEHATER TREATMENT PERFORMANCE DATA
                                                FOR ANTIMONY
                                   DETECTION     RANGE
TECHNOLOGY    TECHNOLOGY  FACILITY   LIMIT      INFLUENT
                 SIZE                (ppb)   CONCENTRATION
                                                 (ppb)
NO. OF     AVERAGE
 DATA     EFFLUENT    RECOVERY REMOVAL  REFERENCE
POINTS  CONCENTRATION     (%)      (»)
             (ppb)
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
CAC (B)
L+Sad
• L+Sed+Fil
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
Full
Bench
Full
Full
IB
97 SB
201B
IB
IB
IB
IB
IB
IB
6388


0-1000
100-1000
0-100
0-100
0-100
0-100
0-100
0-100
0-100
1000-10000
8SOO
8500
i

11
2
6
6
6
4
6
1


58.000
59.000
6.000
6.000
5.000
2.000
2.000
14.000
6.000
200.000
700.000
470.000
59.00
66.00
54.00
68.00
44.00
60.00
50.00
72.00
50.00
88.00


WERL
WERL
WERL
HERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
HERL
WERL
WERL
ITD-CMDB
ITO-CMD3
                                                    A-7

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