FINAL
AMENDMENT TO THE
FINAL BEST DEMONSTRATED AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGY (BOAT)
BACKGROUND DOCUMENT
FOR
DISTILLATION BOTTOM TARS FROM THE PRODUCTION OF PHENOL/ACETONE FROM CUMENE
K022
Richard Kinch
Acting Chief, Waste Treatment Branch
Jose Labiosa
Project Manager
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Solid Waste
401 M Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20460
May 1990
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1-1
2.0 AMENDMENT TO SECTION 3.0 (APPLICABLE/DEMONSTRATED
TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES) OF THE FINAL BOAT BACKGROUND DOCUMENT
FOR K022 i . 2-1
2.1 Applicable Treatment Technologies 2-1
2.2 Demonstrated Treatment Technologies 2-2
2.2.1 Organic Constituents 2-2
2.2.2 Metal Constituents 2-2
3.0 AMENDMENT TO SECTION 4.0 (PERFORMANCE DATABASE) OF THE FINAL
BOAT BACKGROUND DOCUMENT FOR K022 3-1
3.1 Treatment of Organic Constituents 3-1
3.2 Treatment of Metal Constituents 3-2
4.0 AMENDMENT TO SECTION 5.2 (IDENTIFICATION OF BEST DEMONSTRATED
AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGY - WASTEWATER) OF THE FINAL BOAT
BACKGROUND DOCUMENT FOR K022 . . . 4-1
4.1 Review of Treatment Performance Data 4-2
4.2 Best Demonstrated Technology for Metal Constituents in
K022 Wastewaters 4-2
4.3 Available Treatment Technologies for Metal Constituents in
K022 Wastewaters 4-3
5.0 AMENDMENT TO SECTION 6.2 (SELECTION OF REGULATED CONSTITUENTS -
CONSTITUENT SELECTION) OF THE FINAL BOAT BACKGROUND DOCUMENT
FOR K022 5-1
5.1 BOAT List Constituents Not Selected for Regulation ... 5-2
5.1.1 BOAT List Constituents Not Detected in the
Untreated Waste 5-3
5.1.2 BOAT List Constituents Not Analyzed for in the
Untreated Waste 5-3
5.1.3 BOAT List Constituents Deleted From Further
Consideration for Regulation for Other
Reasons 5-3
5.2 BDAT List Constituents Selected for Regulation 5-4
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
6.0 AMENDMENT TO SECTION 7.2 (CALCULATION OF BOAT TREATMENT
STANDARDS - WASTEWATER) OF THE FINAL BOAT BACKGROUND
DOCUMENT FOR K022 6-1
7.0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 7-1
8.0 REFERENCES 8-1
APPENDIX A - Summary of Treatment Performance Data for
Organic Constituents Regulated in K022 A-l
APPENDIX B - Accuracy Correction of Treatment Performance Data B-l
ii
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LIST OF TABLES
Page
1-1 BOAT TREATMENT STANDARDS FOR K022 - WASTEWATERS 1-4
3-1 TREATMENT PERFORMANCE DATA COLLECTED BY EPA FOR TREATMENT
OF K062 BY CHEMICAL PRECIPITATION FOLLOWED BY VACUUM
FILTRATION 3-4
5-1 STATUS OF BOAT LIST CONSTITUENT PRESENCE IN UNTREATED K022 . . 5-6
5-2 BOAT LIST CONSTITUENTS FURTHER CONSIDERED FOR REGULATION IN
K022 WASTEWATERS AFTER INITIAL SCREENING 5-13
5-3 BOAT LIST CONSTITUENTS SELECTED FOR REGULATION IN K022
WASTEWATERS 5-14
6-1 CALCULATION OF TREATMENT STANDARDS FOR METAL CONSTITUENTS
REGULATED IN WASTEWATER FORMS OF K022 6-4
iii
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA or Agency)
established best demonstrated available technology (BOAT) treatment standards
for nonwastewater forms of the listed hazardous waste identified in Title 40,
Code of Federal Regulations. Section 261.32 (40 CFR 261.32) as K022, distilla-
tion bottom tars from the production of phenol/acetone from cumene. BOAT
treatment standards are established in accordance with the amendments to the
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976, enacted by the
Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments (HSWA) of November 8, 1984. BOAT treat-
ment standards will be effective no later than May 8, 1990, and on and after
the effective date, compliance with these BOAT treatment standards is a
prerequisite under 40 CFR Part 268 for placement of the waste in land disposal
units.
The treatment standards established for nonwastewater forms of K022
were based on EPA-generated and industry-submitted treatment performance data
from fuel substitution of K022. Because the treatment of K022 by these fuel
substitution units did not generate wastewaters, and because the Agency had
not identified any other sources of treatment performance data that may have
been used to develop treatment standards for K022 wastewaters, the Agency did
not issue treatment standards for wastewater forms of K022 in the final rule
published in the Federal Register on August 17, 1988 (53 Federal Register
31156).
However, since that time, it has come to the Agency's attention that
generators of K022 may, through treatment, handling, or storage, generate a
wastewater form of this waste. Consequently, the Agency is establishing
treatment standards for organic and metal constituents in wastewater forms of
K022.
The Agency prefers, whenever possible, to use wastewater treatment
data from well-designed and well-operated wastewater treatment units rather
than to base treatment standards for wastewater forms of a waste on consti-
tuent concentrations in incinerator scrubber water. EPA has compiled a
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database of wastewater treatment data for use in establishing treatment
standards for wastewater forms of U and P wastes and multi-source leachate.
These data, compiled from a variety of sources, were transferred on a con-
stituent-by-constituent basis to K022 organic constituents to develop treat-
ment standards for K022 wastewaters. For metal constituents in K022 waste-
waters, EPA transferred treatment performance data from chemical precipitation
followed by vacuum filtration of K062. The specific constituents being
regulated and the corresponding treatment standards are listed in Table 1-1,
at the end of this section.
The treatment standards are based on the total concentration of each
constituent in the waste for organic and metal constituents in wastewaters.
The units used for total concentration of organic constituents are mg/1 (parts
per million on a weight-by-volume basis) for K022 wastewaters. If the con-
centrations of the constituents regulated in K022 wastewaters, as generated,
are lower than or are equal to the treatment standards, then treatment of the
waste would not be required prior to "land disposal," as defined by 40 CFR
Part 268. The treatment standards published on August 17, 1988, for organic
and metal constituents in nonwastewater forms of K022 are not being revised at
this time.
This amendment to the Final Best Demonstrated Available Technology
(BOAT) Background Document for K022 (Reference 2) presents EPA's rationale and
technical support for selecting the constituents for regulation in wastewater
forms of K022. Technologies that are applicable, demonstrated, and available
for treatment of the constituents selected for regulation in K022 wastewaters,
along with the treatment technologies identified as BOAT and the calculation
of treatment standards for constituents regulated in K022 wastewaters, are
discussed in EPA's Final Best Demonstrated Available Technology (BDAT) Back-
ground Document for U and P Wastes and Multi-Source Leachate (F039),
Volume A (Reference 3). The treatment performance data on which these stan-
dards are based are summarized in Appendix A of this document and are dis-
cussed in greater detail in the Volume A document (Reference 3).
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The Agency's legal authority and promulgated methodology for estab-
lishing treatment standards and the petition process necessary for requesting
a variance from the treatment standards are summarized in EPA's Methodology
for Developing BDAT Treatment Standards (Reference 1).
Sections 2.0 through 6.0 of this document amend sections in the
Final BDAT Background Document for K022 that refer to applicable and demon-
strated treatment technologies, treatment performance data, accuracy-corrected
data, constituents selected for regulation in wastewater forms of K022, and
calculation of treatment standards, respectively. Section 7.0 contains
acknowledgements and Section 8.0 lists references. Appendix A summarizes
treatment performance data for organic constituents regulated in K022 waste-
waters, and Appendix B contains quality assurance/quality control data for
metal constituents regulated in K022 wastewaters.
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Table 1-1
BOAT TREATMENT STANDARDS FOR K022
WASTEWATERS
Maximum for any Single Grab Sample
Total Concentration
BOAT List Constituent (mg/1)
53. Acetophenone 0.010
142. Phenol 0.039
159. Chromium (total) 0.35
163. Nickel 0.47
Maximum for any 24-Hour Composite Sample
Total Concentration
BOAT List Constituent (mg/1)
43. Toluene 0.080
106. Diphenylamine 0.52
219. Diphenylnitrosamine 0.40
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2.0 AMENDMENT TO SECTION 3.0 (APPLICABLE/DEMONSTRATED TREATMENT TECH-
NOLOGIES) OF THE FINAL BOAT BACKGROUND .DOCUMENT FOR K022
This section amends the discussion in Section 3.0 (Applicable/-
Demonstrated Treatment Technologies) of the Final BOAT Background Document for
K022. This section provides a discussion of the technologies that are appli-
cable to treatment of organic and metal constituents in K022 wastewaters, and
a determination of which, if any, of the applicable technologies can be
considered demonstrated for the purpose of establishing BOAT.
To be applicable, a technology must theoretically be usable to treat
the waste in question or a waste that is similar in terms of parameters that
affect treatment selection. (Detailed descriptions of technologies that are
applicable to listed hazardous wastes are provided in EPA's Treatment
Technology Background Document (Reference 7). To be demonstrated, a technol-
ogy must be employed in full-scale operation for treatment of the waste in
question or a similar waste. Technologies available only at pilot- or bench-
scale operations are not considered in identifying demonstrated technologies.
2.1 Applicable Treatment Technologies
The Agency recognizes that K022 wastewaters may be generated by
treatment technologies including incineration. Since these wastewaters may
contain hazardous organic constituents at treatable levels, applicable treat-
ment technologies include those that destroy or reduce the total amounts of
various organic compounds in the waste. Technologies that are applicable for
treatment of the organic and metal constituents in K022 wastewaters are
identified in Section 3.0 of the Final Best Demonstrated Available Technology
(BDAT) Background Document for U and P Wastes and Multi-Source Leachate
(F039), Volume A (Reference 3).
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2. 2 Demonstrated Treatment Technologies
2.2.1 Organic Constituents
Technologies that are demonstrated for treatment of organic
constituents in K022 are discussed in the Final Best Demonstrated Available
Technology (BDAT) Background Document for U and P Wastes and Multi-Source
Leachate (F039), Volume A (Reference 3).
2.2.2 Metal Constituents
The Agency is not aware of any facilities that treat metal
constituents in wastewater forms of K022. However, chemical precipitation
followed by vacuum filtration is demonstrated for metal constituents in
similar wastewaters, such as K062, as discussed in Section 3.0 of this
document. Additionally, all of the treatment technologies that were
identified as applicable for treatment of metal constituents in K083
wastewaters in EPA's Final Best Demonstrated Available Technology (BDAT)
Background Document for U and P Wastes and Multi-Source Leachate (F039),
Volume A (Reference 3) are considered to be demonstrated for treatment of
these constituents.
The Agency is not aware of any other technologies that are demon-
strated for treatment of wastewater forms of K022.
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3.0 AMENDMENT TO SECTION 4.0 (PERFORMANCE DATABASE) OF THE FINAL BOAT
BACKGROUND DOCUMENT FOR K022
This section supplements the discussion in Section 4.0 (Performance
Database) of the Final BOAT Background Document for K022 to present the
treatment performance data that were used to develop treatment standards for
organic and metal constituents in wastewater forms of K022.
Where data are not available on the treatment of the specific waste
of concern, the Agency may elect to transfer performance data from treatment
of a similar waste or wastes. EPA's methodology for the transfer of treatment
performance data is provided in the Agency's Methodology for Developing BOAT
Treatment Standards (Reference 1). Transfer of treatment performance data is
technically valid in cases where the untested wastes are generated from
similar industries or similar processing steps, or have waste characteristics
affecting treatment selection and performance that are similar to those of the
tested wastes.
The Agency does not have any treatment performance data from
treatment of wastewater forms of K022. Therefore, treatment performance data
were transferred from other wastewaters that were judged to be similar to
develop treatment standards for K022 wastewaters. These data are discussed in
the following subsections.
3.1 Treatment of Organic Constituents
The treatment performance data that were used to develop treatment
standards for organic constituents in K022 wastewaters are summarized in
Appendix A of this document and are discussed in greater detail in EPA's Final
Best Demonstrated Available Technology (BDAT) Background Document for U and P
Wastes and Multi-source Leachate (F039), Volume A (Reference 3). These data
were used because the Agency prefers to use performance data from appropriate
wastewater treatment units that are well-designed and well-operated, rather
than use data on constituent concentrations in scrubber water. Constituent
concentrations in scrubber water represent the only other source of data
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available for transfer to K022 wastewaters. The Agency believes that the
wastewater treatment performance data summarized in Appendix A represent the
best source of treatment performance data available for transfer to wastewater
forms of K022. On a constituent-by-constituent basis, the tested wastes
represented in these treatment performance data have similar waste
characteristics affecting treatment performance and selection as the untested
K022 wastewaters.
3.2 Treatment of Metal Constituents
The Agency examined all of the available wastewater treatment
performance data. Performance data for treatment of metal constituents in
various industrial wastewaters were developed by EFA's Office of Water.
Additionally, EPA's database for chemical precipitation followed by filtration
of wastewaters is included in the California List Notice of Data Availability
(Reference 4). EPA screened the available data to determine whether any
wastes are generated from similar industries or similar processing steps, or
have similar waste characteristics as those expected for wastewater forms of
K022, The metal constituents of concern in K022 are chromium and nickel, as
shown by the waste characterization data included in the Final BOAT Background
Document for K022. Based on waste characterization data, K062 mixed with
metal-bearing characteristic hazardous wastes and K022 wastewaters are
expected to contain the constituents of concern at similar concentrations.
(Waste characterization data for the metal-bearing wastes tested by the
Agency's Office of Water were insufficient to compare these wastes to K022 in
terms of waste generation and waste characterization.)
EPA then examined the relative treatability of K022 wastewater and
the mixture of K062 and metal-bearing characteristic hazardous wastes. As
discussed in the Treatment Technology Background Document (Reference 7), waste
characteristics that affect treatment performance for chemical precipitation
include the concentrations and types of metals in the waste, the
concentrations of dissolved solids in the waste, the oil and grease content of
the waste, and whether the metals exist in the wastewater as a complex. As
discussed above, both K022 and the K062 mixture are expected to contain the
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constituents of concern. EPA considers K062 wastewaters to be more difficult
to treat than K022 wastewaters because equal or higher concentrations of
metals and dissolved solids are anticipated in K062 than in wastewater forms
of K022. These higher concentrations of metals and dissolved solids would
interfere more with the effectiveness of the precipitation reactions intended
to remove the metals of concern. Since K022 wastewaters are frequently
scrubber waters generated from incineration, oil and grease would not be
expected to be present at significant concentrations. However, the K062
mixture contains oil and grease and may therefore be more difficult to treat
than K022 scrubber water. Complex metals are not considered to be significant
parameters in either waste. In consideration of these points, the mixture of
K062 and metal-bearing characteristic hazardous wastes is considered to be
more difficult to treat than wastewater forms of K022.
Based on these analyses, transfer of treatment performance data from
chemical precipitation and vacuum filtration of K062 mixed with metal-bearing
characteristic hazardous wastes to K022 wastewaters was judged to be valid.
Treatment performance data for chemical precipitation followed by filtration
from K062 mixed with metal-bearing characteristic hazardous wastes are
included in Table 3-1.
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Table 3-1
TREATMENT PERFORMANCE DATA COLLECTED BY EPA FOR TREATMENT OF K062 BY
CHEMICAL PRECIPITATION FOLLOWED BY VACUUM FILTRATION*
Sample Set #8
Sample Set #11
Sample Set #12
BOAT LIST METAL CONSTITUENT
154. Antimony
155. Arsenic
156. Barium
157. Beryllium
158. Cadmium
221. Chromium (hexavalent)
159. Chromium (total)
160. Copper
161. Lead
162. Mercury
163. Nickel
164. Selenium
165. Silver
166. Thallium
168. Zinc
Concentration in
Untreated K062
Mixture (ppm)
<10
<1
<10
<2
<5
0.13
831
217
212
<1
669
<10
<2
<10
151
Concentration
in Treated K062
Mixture Waste-
water (ppm)
<1
<0.1
<1
<0.2
<0.5
<0.01
0.15
0.16
<0.01
<0.1
0.36
<1
<0.2
<1
0.130
Concentration in
Untreated K062
Mixture (ppm)
<10
<1
<10
<2
<5
0.08
395
191
<10
<1
712
<10
<2
<10
5
Concentration
in Treated K062
Mixture Waste-
water (ppm)
<1
<0.1
<1 '
<0.2
<0.5
0.106
0.12
0.14
<0.01
<0.1
0.33
<1
<0.2
<1
0.070
Concentration in
Untreated K062
Mixture (ppm)
<10
<1
12
<2
23
0.30
617
137
136
<1
382
<10
<2
<10
135
Concentration
in Treated K062
Mixture Uaste-
. water (ppm)
<1.00
<0.10
<1.00
<0.20
<5
<0.01
0.18
0.24
<0.01
<0.10
0.39
<1.00
<0.20
<1.00
0.100
*0nly 3 of the 12 sample sets analyzed at Plant B represented treatment by this treatment train. Other data sets included pretreatment technologies
such as chromium reduction and treatment for cyanide. These data are not included here, since they were not considered for transfer, as discussed in
Section 3.2 of this document.
Source: Envirite Onsite Engineering Report (Reference 5).
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4.0 AMENDMENT TO SECTION 5.2 (IDENTIFICATION OF BEST DEMONSTRATED
AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGY - WASTEWATER) OF THE FINAL BOAT BACKGROUND
DOCUMENT FOR K022
This section amends the discussion in Section 5.2 (Identification of
Best Demonstrated Available Technology - Wastewater) of the Final BDAT
Background Document for K022. This section discusses technologies that are
available for treatment of metal constituents in K022 wastewaters and
identifies BDAT for K022 wastewater metals. The technologies that were
identified as BDAT for the organic constituents of concern in K022 are
discussed in EPA's Final Best Demonstrated Available Technology (BDAT)
Background Document for U and P Wastes and Multi-Source Leachate (F039),
Volume A (Reference 3).
To determine the best technology, the Agency examines all available
performance data for technologies that are identified as demonstrated for the
waste of concern, or for a similar waste, to evaluate whether one or more of
the technologies performs significantly better than the others. If
performance data are available for only one technology for treating a waste,
then that technology is "best." When data are available for more than one
treatment technology, the "best" performing treatment technology is usually
determined by statistical methods, as discussed in EPA's Methodology for
Developing BDAT Treatment Standards (Reference 1). As discussed in Section
3.0, only one set of performance data was available for transfer to the metal
constituents in wastewater forms of K022. In the case of the wastewater
treatment performance data available to the Agency for organic constituents
(and described in EPA's Final Best Demonstrated Available Technology (BDAT)
Background Document for U and P Wastes and Multi-Source Leachate (F039),
Volume A (Reference 3)), a data hierarchy was established to determine the
"best" technology for each constituent. This hierarchy is described in the
latter-referenced document.
The treatment technology that is found to perform best on a
particular waste stream is then evaluated to determine whether it is
"available." To be available, the technology must (1) be commercially
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available, and (2) provide substantial treatment of the waste, as determined
through evaluation of treatment performance data that have been corrected for
accuracy. In determining whether treatment is substantial, EPA may consider
data on a treatment technology's performance on a waste similar to the waste
of concern provided that the similar waste is at least as difficult to treat
as the waste of concern. If it is determined that the best-performing
treatment technology is not available, then the next best technology is
evaluated to determine whether it is "available."
4.1 Review of Treatment Performance Data
The available treatment performance data (presented in Section 3.0)
were reviewed and assessed to determine whether they represent a well-designed
and well-operated treatment system, whether sufficient analytical quality
assurance/quality control measures were employed to ensure the accuracy of the
data, and whether appropriate measures of performance were used to assess the
performance of the particular treatment technology.
The treatment performance data and the design and operating data
collected during the test of chemical precipitation followed by vacuum
filtration were reviewed for the points described above. The appropriate
measure of performance (total constituent concentration) was used to assess
the treatment system. Additionally, the Agency has no reason to believe the
treatment system was not well-designed and well-operated, or that insufficient
analytical quality assurance/quality control measures were employed in
generating treatment performance data.
4.2 Best Demonstrated Technology for Metal Constituents in K022
Wastewaters
As discussed above, chemical precipitation and vacuum filtration
have been determined to be demonstrated for treatment of metal constituents in
wastewater forms of K022. Because the Agency does not have treatment
performance data for any other demonstrated and available technologies for
treating metal constituents in K022 wastewaters or similar wastes, this
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treatment train is considered to be the best. Therefore, the best
demonstrated available technology (BDAT) for metal constituents in wastewater
forms of K022 has been determined to be chemical precipitation and vacuum
filtration.
4.3 Available Treatment Technologies for Metal Constituents in
K022 Wastewaters
The best technology for treatment of metal constituents in K022
wastewaters, chemical precipitation followed by vacuum filtration, is
considered to be commercially available. Furthermore, the Agency has
determined that this technology provides substantial treatment of metals in
K062 and therefore will provide substantial treatment of metals in K022.
Consequently, this technology is considered BDAT for treatment of metal
constituents in wastewater forms of K022.
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5.0 AMENDMENT TO SECTION 6.2 (SELECTION OF REGULATED CONSTITUENTS -
CONSTITUENT SELECTION) OF THE FINAL BOAT BACKGROUND DOCUMENT FOR
K022
This section amends the discussion in Section 6.2 (Selection of
Regulated Constituents - Constituent Selection) of the Final BDAT Background
Document for K022. This section includes a discussion of the selection of
organic and metal constituents for regulation in wastewater forms of K022.
Generally, constituents selected for regulation must satisfy the
following criteria:
(1) The constituent must be on the BDAT List of regulated con-
stituents. Presence on the BDAT List means that EPA-approved
methods exist for analysis of the constituent in treated waste
matrices.
(2) The constituent must be present in. or be suspected of being
present in. the untreated waste. For example, in some cases,
analytical difficulties (such as masking) may prevent a con-
stituent from being identified in the untreated waste, but its
identification in a treatment residual may lead the Agency to
conclude that it is present in the untreated waste.
From a group of constituents that are eligible for regulation
because they meet the above criteria, EPA may select a subset of constituents
that represent the broader group. For example, from a group of constituents
that react similarly to treatment, the Agency may select for regulation only
those constituents that are (1) the most difficult to treat, based on waste
characteristics affecting treatment performance; (2) representative of other
constituents in the waste, based on structural similarities; and (3) present
in the untreated waste in the highest concentrations. Selecting a subset of
constituents for regulation is done to facilitate implementation of the
compliance and enforcement program.
The Agency initially considered all constituents on the BDAT List
for regulation in wastewater forms of K022. Table 5-1, at the end of this
section, summarizes available waste characterization data for K022. If an
analysis for a constituent was performed but the constituent was not detected
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in the waste, the table indicates "ND" for that constituent. If the
constituent was analyzed for and quantified at or above the detection limit,
the table indicates "D" for that constituent. Constituents for which no
analyses were performed are identified by "NA" (not analyzed). If a
constituent is believed to be present in the untreated waste even if the
characterization data do not indicate that it was detected, it is indicated in
the "Believed to be Present" column in Table 5-1. Constituents marked with
"Y" have been detected in the treated residual(s); thus, EPA believes they are
present in the untreated waste even though they were not detected in the
untreated waste.
Constituents may not have been detected in the untreated waste for
several reasons. For example, the untreated waste samples may not have been
analyzed for those constituents, or interferences by other constituents may
have prevented detection. Some hazardous wastes are generated from processes
that may use variable raw materials composed of different constituents.
Therefore, all potentially regulated constituents would not necessarily be
present in any given sample. For example, Plants 1 and 2 may both generate
K022 as distillation bottoms from the production of phenol/acetone from
cumene. However, Plant 1 may use raw materials A and B, while Plant 2 may use
raw materials C and D. Because of the differences in the composition of the
raw materials, K022 generated by Plant 1 may contain different constituents at
different concentrations than KO22 generated by Plant 2.
5.1 BOAT List Constituents Not Selected for Regulation
The Agency is not regulating all of the BOAT List constituents ini-
tially considered for regulation. As discussed further below, a BOAT List
constituent was deleted from further consideration for regulation if: (1) the
constituent was not detected in the untreated waste and is not suspected of
being present in the untreated waste; (2) the constituent was not analyzed for
in the untreated waste; or (3) other reasons, as discussed below. BOAT List
constituents that remained following the deletions described in this
subsection were further considered for regulation and are listed in Table 5-2
at the end of this section.
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5.1.1 BOAT List Constituents Not Detected in the Untreated Waste
BOAT List constituents that were not detected or were suspected of
being present in the untreated waste (labeled "ND" in Table 5-1) were deleted
from further consideration for regulation.
5.1.2 BOAT List Constituents Not Analyzed for in the Untreated Waste
Some BOAT List constituents were deleted from further consideration
for regulation because they were not analyzed for in the untreated waste
(labeled "NA" in Table 5-1). Some constituents were not analyzed for in the
untreated waste because it was extremely unlikely that these constituents
would be present in the waste, based on knowledge of the process generating
the waste.
5.1.3 BOAT List Constituents Deleted From Further Consideration for
Regulation for Other Reasons
Copper, vanadium, and zinc were further considered for regulation in
K022 wastewaters but were not selected for regulation. Although copper
cyanide, vanadium pentoxide, and zinc cyanide are listed in Appendix VIII of
40 CFR Part 261, the metals are not listed individually. The Agency is only
regulating copper, vanadium, and/or zinc when they are indicators of treatment
performance for other Appendix VIII constituents. For K022 wastewaters,
copper, vanadium, and zinc have not been identified as indicators of treatment
performance for other Appendix VIII constituents and therefore are not being
regulated.
Fluoride and sulfide were deleted from further consideration for
regulation in K022 wastewaters because the technology determined to be BOAT
for K022 wastewaters (chemical precipitation and vacuum filtration) does not
provide effective treatment for these BOAT List constituents. Moreover, the
Agency is unaware of any demonstrated technology for treatment of fluoride and
sulfide in wastewater forms of K022 or similar wastes.
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Barium was deleted from further consideration for regulation in K022
wastewaters because the BDAT treatment performance data transferred from
chemical precipitation followed by vacuum filtration of K062 do not show
effective treatment.
Tetrachlorodibenzofurans were deleted from further consideration for
regulation because the accuracy of the quantification for these constituents
could not be determined due to incomplete quality assurance/quality control
information.
5.2 BDAT List Constituents Selected for Regulation
Constituents further considered for regulation in wastewater forms
of K022 were selected from the BDAT List constituents that were detected in
the untreated waste or were believed to be present in the untreated waste,
unless they were deleted from consideration as discussed in Section 5.1. The
constituents that remained following the deletions discussed in Section 5.1
are listed in Table 5-2.
Table 5-3 presents each constituent selected for regulation in K022
wastewaters after consideration of (1) the constituent concentration in the
untreated waste, (2) whether the constituent is adequately controlled by
regulation of another constituent, and (3) the relative difficulty in achiev-
ing effective treatment of the constituent by the technology identified as
BDAT for K022 wastewaters (chemical precipitation and vacuum filtration).
The Agency's determination of adequate control for organic con-
stituents was based on (1) an evaluation of the characteristics of the
constituents that would affect the performance of incineration relative to the
scrubber water residual, specifically, their estimated bond dissociation
energies, and (2) the structural similarities among the constituents.
Twelve BDAT List organic constituents (shown in Table 5-2) were
further considered for regulation in wastewater forms of K022 due to their
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presence, or suspected presence, in the untreated waste. The bond
dissociation energies of these twelve constituents, and their concentrations
in the untreated waste were compared to determine which constituents had
higher bond dissociation energies and higher concentrations in the untreated
waste. Seven constituents were then deleted from further consideration for
regulation because (1) they are believed to be adequately controlled by
incineration of the five remaining organic constituents being regulated in
K022 wastewaters, and/or (2) they are believed to be treated to similar
concentrations as the five remaining constituents being regulated, based on
structural similarities.
Based on the above discussion, the five BOAT List organic con-
stituents selected for regulation in K022 wastewaters (shown in Table 5-3) are
toluene, acetophenone, diphenylamine, diphenylnitrosamine, and phenol.
Two metal constituents, chromium and nickel, were also selected for
regulation in wastewater forms of K022. All other BOAT List metal constitu-
ents initially considered for regulation in K022 wastewaters were not selected
because these constituents were found (or suspected to be present) at low
concentrations in the untreated waste, and are believed to be adequately
controlled by the treatment standards for total chromium and nickel. By
removing the metals that are present (or expected to be present) at the
highest concentrations in the untreated waste (chromium and nickel in this
case) using chemical precipitation followed by vacuum filtration, adequate
treatment is expected to be provided for other metals present at lower
treatable concentrations.
5-5
-------
Table 5-1
STATUS OF BOAT LIST CONSTITUENT PRESENCE IN UNTREATED K022
BOAT List Constituent
Volatile Organics
222. Acetone
1. Acetonitrile
2. Acrolein
3. Acrylonitrile
4. Benzene
5. Bromodichloromethane
6. Bromomethane
223. n-Butyl alcohol
7. Carbon tetrachloride
8. Carbon disulfide
9. Chlorobenzene
10. 2-Chloro-l,3-butadiene
11. Chlorodibromomethane
12. Chloroethane
13. 2-Chloroethyl vinyl ether
14. Chloroform
15. Chloromethane
16. 3-Chloropropene
17. l,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane
18. 1,2-Dibromoethane
19. Dibromomethane
20. trans-l,4-Dichloro-2-butene
21. Dichlorodifluoromethane
22. 1,1-Dichloroethane
23. 1,2-Dichloroethane
24. 1.1-Dichloroethylene
25. trans-l,2-Dichlofoethene
26. 1,2-Dichloropropane
27. trans-1,3-Dichloropropene
28. cis-1,3-Dichloropropene
29. 1,4-Dioxane
224. 2-Ethoxyethanol
225. Ethyl acetate
226. Ethyl benzene
30. Ethyl cyanide
227. Ethyl ether
31. Ethyl methacrylate
214. Ethylene oxide
32. lodomethane
33. Isobutyl alcohol
228. Methanol
34. Methyl ethyl ketone
Detection
Status
D
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
NA
D
ND
NA
ND
NA
ND
ND
NA
ND
Believed to
be Present
D - Quantified at or above the detection limit; however, these data have been
claimed Confidential Business Information.
ND - Not detected.
NA - Not analyzed.
Source: CBI Background Document for K022 (Reference 2).
5-6
-------
Table 5-1 (Continued)
STATUS OF BOAT LIST CONSTITUENT PRESENCE IN UNTREATED K022
Detection
BOAT List
Volatile
229.
35.
37.
38.
230.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
231.
50.
215.
216.
217.
Constituent Status
Organics (Continued)
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Methyl methacrylate
Methacrylonitrile
Methylene chloride
2-Nitropropane
Pyridine
1,1,1, 2 -Tetrachloroethane
1,1,2, 2 -Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethene
Toluene
Tribromome thane
1 , 1 , 1-Trichloroethane
1,1, 2 -Trichloroe thane
Trichloroethene
Trichloromonofluorome thane
1,2, 3 -Trichloropropane
1,1, 2 -Trichloro- 1 ,2,2- trif luoroethane
Vinyl chloride
1,2-Xylene
1,3-Xylene
1,4-Xylene
NA
ND
ND
D
NA
ND
ND
ND
ND
D
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
ND
NA
NA
NA
Semivolatile Oreanics
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
218.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
Acenaphthalene
Acenaphthene
Acetophenone
2 - Acetylaminof luorene
4-Aminobiphenyl
Aniline
Anthracene
Aramite
Benz (a) anthracene
Benzal chloride
Benzene thiol
Deleted
Benzo(a)pyrene
Benzo (b) f luoranthene
Benzo(ghi)perylene
Benzo (k) f luoranthene
p - Benzoquinone
ND
ND
D
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NA
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Believed to
be Present
D - Quantified at or above the detection limit; however, these data have been
claimed Confidential Business Information.
ND - Not detected.
NA - Not analyzed.
Source: CBI Background Document for K022 (Reference 2).
5-7
-------
Table 5-1 (Continued)
STATUS OF BOAT LIST CONSTITUENT PRESENCE IN UNTREATED K022
Believed to
be Present
Detection
BOAT List Constituent . Status
Semivolatile Organics (Continued)
67. Bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane ND
68. Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether ND
69. Bis(2-chloroisopropyl)ether ND
70. Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate ND
71. 4-Bromophenyl phenyl ether ND
72. Butyl benzyl phthalate ND
73. 2-sec-Butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol . ND
74. p-Chloroaniline ND
75. Chlorobenzilate ND
76. p-Chloro-m-cresol ND
77. 2-Chloronaphthalene ND
78. 2-Chlorophenol ND
79. 3-Chloropropionitrile ND
80. Chrysene ND
81. ortho-Cresol ND
82. para-Cresol ND
232. Cyclohexanone NA
83. Dibenz(a,h)anthracene ND
84. Dibenzo(a,e)pyrene ND
85. Dibenzo(a,i)pyrene ND
86. m-Dichlorobenzene ND
87. o-Dichlorobenzene ND
88. p-Dichlorobenzene ND
89. 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine ND
90. 2,4-Dichlorophenol ND
91. 2,6-Dichlorophenol ND
92. Diethyl phthalate ND
93. 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine ND
94. p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene ND
95. 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine ND
96. 2,4-Dimethylphenol ND
97. Dimethyl phthalate ND
98. Di-n-butyl phthalate ND
99. 1,4-Dinitrobenzene ND
100. 4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol ND
101. 2,4-Dinitrophenol ND
102. 2,4-Dinitrotoluene ND
103. 2,6-Dinitrotoluene ND
104. Di-n-octyl phthalate ND
105. Di-n-propylnitrosamine ND
106./219. Diphenylamine/Diphenylnitrosamine D
D - Quantified at or above the detection limit; however, these data have been
claimed Confidential Business Information.
ND - Not detected.
NA - Not analyzed.
Source: CBI Background Document for K022 (Reference 2).
5-8
-------
Table 5-1 (Continued)
STATUS OF BOAT LIST CONSTITUENT PRESENCE IN UNTREATED K022
BOAT List Constituent
Semivolatile Organics (Continued)
Detection
Status
Believed to
be Present
107. 1,2-DiphenyIhydraz ine ND
108. Fluoranthene ND
109. Fluorene ND
110. Hexachlorobenzene ND
111. Hexachlorobutadiene ND
112. Hexachlorocyclopentadiene ND
113. Hexachloroethane . ND
114. Hexachlorophene ND
115. Hexachloropropene ND
116. Indeno(l,2,3-cd)pyrene ND
117. Isosafrole ND
118. Methapyrilene ND
119. 3-Methylcholanthrene ND
120. 4,4'-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline) ND
36. Methyl methanesulfonate ND
121. Naphthalene ND
122. 1,4-Naphthoquinone ND
123. 1-Naphthylamine ' ND
124. 2-Naphthylamine ND
125. p-Nitroaniline ND
126. Nitrobenzene ND
127. 4-Nitrophenol ND
128. n-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine ND
129. n-Nitrosodiethylamine ND
130. n-Nitrosodimethylamine ND
131. n-Nitrosomethylethylamine ND
132. n-Nitrosomorpholine ND
133. n-Nitrosopiperidine ND
134. n-Nitrosopyrrolidine ND
135. . 5-Nitro-o-toluidine ND
136. Pentachlorobenzene ND
137. Pentachloroethane ND
138. Pentachloronitrobenzene ND
139. Pentachlorophenol ND
140. Phenacetin ND
141. Phenanthrene ND
142. Phenol D
220. Phthalic anhydride NA
143. 2-Picoline ND
144. Pronamide ND
145. Pyrene ND
146. Resorcinol ND
D - Quantified at or above the detection limit; however, these data have been
claimed Confidential Business Information.
ND - Not detected.
NA - Not analyzed.
Source: CBI Background Document for K022 (Reference 2).
5-9
-------
Table 5-1 (Continued)
STATUS OF BOAT LIST CONSTITUENT PRESENCE IN UNTREATED K022
BOAT List Constituent
Semivolatile Organics (Continued)
147.
148.
149.
150.
151.
152.
153.
Safrole
1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene
2,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate
Detection
Status
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Believed to
be Present
Metals
154.
155.
156.
157.
158.
159.
221.
160.
161.
162.
163.
164.
165.
166.
167.
168.
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium (total)
Chromium (hexavalent)
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Nickel
Selenium
Silver
Thallium
Vanadium
Zinc
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
D
NA
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Y
Inorganics
169.
170.
171.
Cyanide
Fluoride
Sulfide
Oreanochlorine Pesticides
172.
173.
174.
175.
Aldrin
alpha-BHC
beta-BHC
delta-BHC
ND
D
D
ND
ND
D
ND
D - Quantified at or above the detection limit; however, these data have been
claimed Confidential Business Information.
ND - Not detected.
NA - Not analyzed.
Y - Believed to be present in the untreated waste due to constituent
presence in the treatment residual.
Source: CBI Background Document for K022 (Reference 2).
5-10
-------
Table 5-1 (Continued)
STATUS OF BOAT LIST CONSTITUENT PRESENCE IN UNTREATED K022
BOAT List Constituent
Organochlorine Pesticides (Continued)
176. gamma-BHC
177. Chlordane
178. ODD
179. DDE
180. DDT
181. Dieldrin
182. Endosulfan I
183. Endosulfan II
184. Endr'in
185. Endrin aldehyde
186. Heptachlor
187. Heptachlor epoxide
188. Isodrin
189.. Kepone
190. Methoxychlor
191. Toxaphene
Phenoxvacetic Acid Herbicides
192. 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
193. Silvex
194. 2,4,5-T
Organoohosphorous Insecticides
195. Disulfoton
196. Famphur
197. Methyl parathLon
198. Parathion
199. Phorate
Polvchlorinated Biphenvls (PCBs)
Detection
Status
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
D
ND
D
ND
ND
D
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
200.
201.
202.
203.
204.
205.
206.
Aroclor 1016
Aroclor 1221
Aroclor 1232
Aroclor 1242
Aroclor 1248
Aroclor 1254
Aroclor 1260
Believed to
be Present
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
D - Quantified at or above the detection limit; however, these data have been
claimed Confidential Business Information.
ND - Not detected.
Source: CBI Background Document for K022 (Reference 2).
5-11
-------
Table 5-1 (Continued)
STATUS OF BOAT LIST CONSTITUENT PRESENCE IN UNTREATED K022
Detection Believed to
BOAT List Constituent Status be Present
Dioxins and Furans
207. Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins ND
208. Hexachlorodibenzofurans ND
209. Pentachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins ND
210. Pentachlorodibenzofurans ND
211. Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins ND
212. Tetrachlorodibenzofurans D
213. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin ND
D - Quantified at or above the detection limit; however, these data have been
claimed Confidential Business Information.
ND - Not detected.
Source: CBI Background Document for K022 (Reference 2).
5-12
-------
Table 5-2
BOAT LIST CONSTITUENTS FURTHER CONSIDERED FOR
REGULATION IN K022 WASTEWATERS AFTER INITIAL SCREENING"
222. Acetone
226. Ethylbenzene
38. Methylene chloride
43. Toluene
53. Acetophenone
106. Diphenylamine
219. Diphenylnitrosamine
142. Phenol
155. Arsenic
157. Beryllium
158. Cadmimum
159. Chromium (total)
161. Lead
163. Nickel
166. Thallium
174. beta-BHC
181. Dieldrin
183. Endosulfan II
185. Endrin aldehyde
"All constituents on this list were either detected or were believed to be
present in untreated K022, and were either selected for regulation (as shown
in Table 5-3) or are believed to be controlled by regulation of another
constituent.
5-13
-------
Table 5-3
BOAT LIST CONSTITUENTS SELECTED FOR
REGULATION IN K022 WASTEWATERS
43. Toluene
53. Acetophenone
106. Diphenylamine
219. Diphenylnitrosamine
142. Phenol
159. Chromium (total)
163. Nickel
5-14
-------
6.0 AMENDMENT TO SECTION 7.2 (CALCULATION OF BOAT TREATMENT STANDARDS -
WASTEWATER) OF THE FINAL BOAT BACKGROUND DOCUMENT FOR K022
This section amends the discussion in Section 7.2 (Calculation of
BOAT Treatment Standards - Wastewater) of the Final BOAT Background Document
for K022. This section includes a discussion of the calculation of treatment
standards for metal constituents selected for regulation in wastewater forms
of K022. Treatment standard calculations for the organic constituents
selected for regulation in K022 wastewaters are presented and discussed in
EPA's Best Demonstrated Available Technology (BOAT) Background Document for U
and P Wastes and Multi-Source Leachate (F039), Volume A (Reference 3).
The Agency bases numerical treatment standards for regulated
constituents on the performance of well-designed and well-operated BOAT
treatment systems. These standards account for analytical limitations in
available treatment performance data, and the data are adjusted for
variabilities related to treatment, sampling, and analytical techniques and
procedures.
Before treatment standards are calculated, the treatment performance
data are corrected to account for analytical interferences associated with the
chemical matrices of the samples. A complete discussion of the accuracy
correction of metals treatment performance data is provided in Appendix B.
Appendix B also contains the matrix spike recoveries and accuracy correction
factors used to correct the treatment performance data, as well as the
corrected treatment performance data.
After treatment performance data are corrected for accuracy, the
arithmetic average of the corrected data is calculated for each regulated
constituent. In cases where the constituent is not detected in the treatment
residual at or above its detection limit, the detection limit is used to
calculate the average constituent concentration in the treated waste.
Table 6-1 (at the end of this section) presents the averages of the corrected
treatment performance data for each metal constituent regulated in wastewater
forms of K022.
6-1
-------
The next step in calculating treatment standards is to determine the
variability factor (VF) for each regulated constituent. The variability
factor accounts for the variability inherent in treatment system performance,
treatment residual collection, and treatment sample analysis. (For more
information on the calculation of variability factors, see EPA's Methodology
for Developing BOAT Treatment Standards (Reference 1).) Variability factors
for the metal constituents regulated in K022 wastewaters are shown in
Table 6-1.
Finally, a treatment standard is calculated for each regulated
constituent by multiplying the average of the corrected treatment performance
values by the variability factor for the constituent. Treatment standards for
metal constituents in wastewater forms of K022 are presented in Table 6-1 and
are discussed in greater detail below.
Treatment performance data for metal constituents in K022 waste-
waters are not available. Therefore, the Agency is transferring performance
data from treatment of K062 mixed with metal-bearing characteristic hazardous
wastes using chemical precipitation followed by vacuum filtration to K022.
The rationale for this transfer is presented in Section 3.0 of this document.
Chemical precipitation followed by vacuum filtration is a removal
technology for metals in wastewater. The best measure of performance for a
removal technology is the total amount of each constituent of concern remain-
ing in the wastewater after treatment. Therefore, the BOAT treatment stan-
dards for metal constituents in K022 wastewaters were calculated based on
total constituent concentration data; these data were transferred from
treatment of K062 mixed with metal-bearing characteristic hazardous wastes
(Reference 5).
Treatment standards for metal constituents in K022 wastewaters were
calculated using three sample sets of data for chemical precipitation followed
by vacuum filtration of K062 mixed with metal-bearing characteristic hazardous
wastes. Table 3-1 in Section 3.0 presents the total concentrations for metal
6-2
-------
constituents in the untreated and treated K062 mixed with metal-bearing
characteristic hazardous wastes. The accuracy-corrected data and the
treatment standard calculations for the metal constituents regulated in K022
wastewaters are presented in Table 6-1.
6-3
-------
Table 6-1
CALCULATION OF TREATMENT STANDARDS FOR METAL CONSTITUENTS
REGULATED IN UASTEUATER FORMS OF K022
Constituent From Which
Treatment Performance Arithmetic Average of
BOAT List Constituent Data in K062 Were Corrected Treatment Treatment Standard
Regulated in K022 Transferred Performance Values (ppn) Variability Factor (VF) (Average x VFXppm)
159. Chromium (total) Chromium (total) 0.221 1.583 0.35
163. Nickel Nickel 0.387 1.212 0.47
-------
7.0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This document was prepared for the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Solid Waste, by Radian Corporation under Contract
No. 68-W9-0072. This document was prepared under the direction of Richard
Kinch, Acting Chief, Waste Treatment Branch; Larry Rosengrant, Section Head,
Treatment Technology Section; Jerry Vorbach, Project Officer; and Jose
Labiosa, Project Manager. Steve Silverman served as EPA legal advisor.
The following personnel from Radian Corporation were involved in
preparing this document: John Williams, Program Manager; Mary Willett,
Project Director; and Chrisanti Haretos, Task Leader.
7-1
-------
8.0 REFERENCES
1. USEPA. 1989. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
Waste. Methodology for Developing BOAT Treatment Standards. June, 1989.
Washington, D.C.: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
2. USEPA. 1988. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
Waste. Best Demonstrated Available Technology (BOAT) Background
Document for K022 (Confidential Version). May, 1988. Washington,
D.C.: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
3. USEPA. 1990. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
Waste. Best Demonstrated Available Technology (BOAT) Background
Document for U and P Wastes and Multi-Source Leachate (F039). Volume
A. May, 1990. Washington, D.C: U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency.
4. USEPA. 1987. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
Waste. California List Notice of Data Availability. 52 Federal
Register 29992, August 12, 1987.
5. USEPA. 1986. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
Waste. Onsite Engineering Report of Treatment Technology Performance and
Operation for Envirite Corporation. York. Pennsylvania. December, 1986.
Washington, D.C.: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
6. USEPA. 1988. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
Waste. Onsite Engineering Report for Horsehead Resource Development
Company for K061. Draft Report. March, 1988. Washington, D.C.: U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency.
7. USEPA. 1989. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
Waste. Treatment Technology Background Document. June, 1989.
Washington, D.C.: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
8. USEPA. 1990. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
Waste. Onsite Engineering Report for the Third Thirds Incineration
Treatabilitv Test. 1990. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency.
8-1
-------
APPENDIX A
SUMMARY OF TREATMENT PERFORMANCE DATA
FOR ORGANIC CONSTITUENTS REGULATED IN K022 WASTEWATERS
A-l
-------
Acetophenone (U004). The data available for acetophenone were
compiled from Che NPDES database and are presented in Table 4-54A. In
addition, leachate treatment performance data submitted by industry prior to
proposal are presented in Table 4-SAB. The treatment technology for which
data are available is BT and the resulting average effluent concentration from
the leachate data is 2.9 ppb.
At proposal, BOAT for acetophenone was not identified and the
treatment standard was based on an effluent concentration of 10,361 ppb from
data in the NPDES database. Between proposal and promulgation, EPA evaluated
the industry-submitted leachate data available for acetophenone. Since these
data for biological treatment (BT) showed substantial treatment of
acetophenone, these data were used to calculate the promulgated standard.
Therefore, BOAT for acetophenone is biological treatment.
The BOAT treatment standard for acetophenone was calculated using
the effluent concentration of 2.9 ppb and the appropriate variability factor
and accuracy correction factor. The calculation of the resulting BOAT
treatment standard for acetophenone (0.010 ppm) is described in Section 6.0
and is shown in Table 6-10.
TABLE 4-54A
WASTEHATER TREATMENT PERFORMANCE DATA
FOR ACETOPHENONE
HOLOGY TECHNOLOGY
SIZE
FACILITY
NH0001571
DETECTION
LIMIT
(PPb)
RANGE
INFLUENT
CONCENTRATION
(PPb)
NO. OF
DATA
POINTS
32
AVERAGJ
EFFLUEN1
COHCENTRA1
(PPb)
ION
10361.56
RECOVERY
<*)
REMOVAL REFERENCE
NPDES *
* Data used in developing proposed standard.
TABLE 4-54B
INDUSTRY-SUBMITTED LEACHATE TREATMENT PERFORMANCE
DATA FOR ACETOPHENONE
DETECTION RANGE NO. OF AVERAGE
TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY FACILITY LIMIT INFLUENT DATA EFFLUENT RECOVERY REMOVAL REFERENCE
SIZE (ppb) CONCENTRATION POINTS CONCENTRATION (t) (t)
(ppb] Jppb]
BT ~~~ CMM 2.9 35 1 ~~ 2^00 91.71 LEACHATE
A-2
-------
Diphenvlamine. No wastewater treatment performance data were
available for diphenylamine from any of the examined sources. Treatment
performance data were therefore transferred to this constituent from a
constituent judged to be similar in elemental composition and functional
groups within the structure of the chemical. For constituents represented by
a U or P code, this means that constituents included in the same waste
treatability group (see Appendix B) were candidates for transfer of data.
Diphenylamine is similar in structure to constituents in treatability group
III.A.3.f.(2) and the constituent used to transfer treatment performance data
from was 2-naphthylamine. The treatment performance data for 2-naphthylamine
are presented in Table 4-101. Using a transfer from this constituent results
in a BOAT for diphenylamine of activated sludge biological treatment and a
BDAT treatment standard of 0.52 ppm as described in Section 6.0 and shown in
Table 6-10.
A-3
-------
Diphenvlnitrosamine. No wastewater treatment performance data were
available for diphenylnitrosamine from any of the examined sources. Treatment
performance data were therefore transferred to this constituent from a
constituent judged to be similar in elemental composition and functional
groups within the structure of the chemical. For constituents represented by
a U or P code, this means that constituents included in the same waste
treatability group (see Appendix B) were candidates for transfer of data.
Diphenylnitrosamine is similar in structure to constituents in treatability
group III.A.3.f.(6) and the constituent used to transfer treatment performance
data from was N-nitrosodimethylamine. The treatment performance data for
N-nitrosodimethylamine are presented in Table 4-105. Using a transfer from
this constituent results in a BOAT for diphenylnitrosamine of activated sludge
biological treatment and a BDAT treatment standard of 0.40 ppm as described in
Section 6.0 and shown in Table 6-10.
A-4
-------
Phenol (U188). Several sources of wastewater treatment performance
data were available for phenol, including data from the ITD, BOAT, and WERL
databases as well as literature WAO data. These data are presented in Table
4-109A. In addition, leachate treatment performance data submitted by
industry just prior to proposal are presented in Table 4-109B. Technologies
for which data are available include AL, API+DAF+AS, AS, ChOx, GAC, BT, LL,
LL+SS, LL+SS+AC, PACT8, RBC, RO, SBR, SS, TF, WOx, AS+Fil, and Anff. The
treatment performance data represent bench-, pilot-, and full-scale studies.
At proposal, BOAT for phenol was identified as biological treatment
and the treatment standard was based on an ITD median long-term average
effluent concentration of 10.363 ppb from the ITD database. Between proposal
and promulgation, EPA evaluated the industry-submitted leachate data available
for phenol. Since this data for biological treatment (BT) showed substantial
treatment of phenol, these data were used to calculate the promulgated
standards. Therefore, BDAT for phenol is biological treatment.
The BDAT treatment standard for phenol was calculated using the
effluent concentration of 10 ppb and the appropriate variability factor and
accuracy correction factor. The calculation of the resulting BDAT treatment
standard for phenol (0.039 ppm) is described in Section 6.0 and is shown in
Table 6-10.
A-5
-------
TABLE 4-109A
WASTEWATER TREATHEHT PERFORMANCE DATA
FOR PHENOL
TECHNOLOGY
AL
AL
AL
API+DAF+AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS+Fjl
AS+Fll
DETECTION
TECHNOLOGY FACILITY LIMIT
SIZE (ppb)
Pilot 203A
Pilot - 203A
Full 6B
Pilot 192D
Full 1482D
HIE*
2020
Ful
ful
PllO
Fu
Ful
Ful
Ful
Ful
Ful
Ful
PllO
Pul
Ful
PllO
Ful
Ful
Ful
Ful
Ful
Ful
•ffi
PllO
Ful
Benc
If
Ful
6B
IB
203A
201B
IB
6B
IB
IB
975B
IB
1 1054E
240A
6B
1122E
6B
241B
6B
975B
6B
IB
IB
6B
: 226B
975B
6B
204A
: 1921)
6B
1 10S4E
6B
IB
6B
6B
RANGE
INFLUENT
CONCENTRATION
100-1000
100-1000
100-1000
100-1000
100-1000
100-1000
0-100
100000-1000000
100-1000
100-1000
100-1000
100-1000
100-1000
10000-100000
100-1000
0-100
1000-10000
100-1000
100000-1000000
0-100
100-1000
10000-100000
100-1000
100-1000
1000-10000
100-1000
100-1000
100-1000
0-100
100-1000
100000-1000000
1000-10000
100000-1000000
100-1000
100-1000
1000-10000
10000-100000
100000-1000000
100-1000
10000-100000
100-1000
NO. OF
DATA
POINTS
11
11
3
4
5
6
39
5
11
31
6
3
6
3
5
11
7
3
4
10
11
6
6
3
6
8
4
13
6
3
15
AVERAGE
EFFLUENT
CONCENTRATION
(PPb)
84.000
18.000
11.000
10.000
85.000
2.000
26.000
0.010
10.000
8.000
14.000
20.000
1.000
10.000
61.000
1.000
6.600
1.000
0.250
10.000
15.000
4000.000
120.000
8.000
21.000
20 000
10.000
1.000
1.000
10.000
500.000
160.000
10.000
14.000
10.000
56.000
1000.000
10.000
25.000
13.000
10.000
RECOVERY REMOVAL
(*) (*)
33
86
90.8
98.99
89.5
98.6
63
99.99
96.4
97.2
89
92.6
99.89
99.94
92.4
96.4
99.87
99.33
99.88
90
98
95.2
97.9
97.2
99.64
87
96.3
99.44
98.3
98.6
99.95
95
99.99
94.6
98.99
96.9
95
99.99
94.4
99.98
98
REFERENCE
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
Wt$L
WERL -
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
A-6
-------
TABLE 4-109A (Continued)
WASTEWATER TREATNENT PERFORMANCE DATA
FOR PHEHOL
TECBHOLOGY TECHNOLOGY FACILITY
AnPP
AnPF
AnFF
AnPP
AnFP
AnPP
AnFF
SIZE
Pilot 231A
Pilot 231A
Bench 230A
Pilot 231A
Pilot 23U
Bench 230A
Pilot 235D
AnFFvGAC Pilot 249D
QC
ChOx
ChOx
chox
GAG
GAC
6AC
* BT
LL
LL
Pilot 203A
Bench 975B
Benc
Benc
Benc
FU
Pu
Pu
Pu
Fu
LL+SS Ful
LUSSIAC Fu
PACT
PACT
PACT
PACT
RBC
RBC
BO
SBR
SBS
SBS
Benc
Benc
Ful
> 975B
1 975B
i 1054E
245B
237A
1293
K104
K103
K103/K104
K1037K104
1 190E
I 975B
6B
Bench 975B
P;lot 603E
Pilot 192D
Full 2SOB
P;lot 1433D
P lot 227D
Bench 64D
SBRvPACT Bench 64D
SExt
SS
TF
TP
TP
TP
wox
WOX
WOX
WOX
Pilot 1082E
Pilot 1082E
Pilot 203A
Full IB
Pilot 240A
Pull IB
Benc
B] Benc
B Benc
B Bend
i Zinro
i 1054E
i 11010
b 236A
DETECTION RANGE
LIKIT INFLUENT
(ppb) CONCENTRATION
(PP6)
1000000
1000000
100600-1000000
100000-1000000
100000-1000000
>1000000
100000-1000000
1000000
100-1000
100-1000
100-1000
1000-10000
100-1000
100-1000
1000-10000
10 698564-978672
30 150000-300000
30 1500000-3000000
30 150000-3000000
30 150000-3000000
10000-100000
1000-10000
1000-10000
1000-10000
100000-1000000
100-1000
1000-10000
10000-100000
100000-1000000
100000-1000000
100000-1000000
HOOOOOO
100000-1000000
100-1000
100-1000
0-100
0-100
10000000
100000-1000000
>1000000
> 1000000
HO. OP
DATA
POINTS
11
1
1
15
5
5
5
4
3
16
1
11
6
10
6
1
1
AVERAGE
EPFLOEHT RECOVERY
COKCZHTJATIOH (\)
(PPO)
700.000
30.000
10.000
10.000
70.000
1000.000
240.000
50.000
99.000
16.000
2.000
12.000
10.000
10.000
5.000
10.000
165000.000 21
84000.000 21
2400.000 21
60.000 21
1.800
2.000
30.000
8.000
1700.000
10.000
120.000
1000.000
1000.000
3000.000
1000.000
210000.000
160.000
64.000
47.000
8.000
1.000
20000.000
27000.000
3600.000
3000.000
REMOVAL
M
99.98
99.99
98.97
99.99
99.98
99.95
99.86
99.99
21
93.3
98.3
99.37
99
92.6
99.89
99.99
99.96
98.6
99.85
99.6
98.99
93.6
97.7
99.81
99.63
99.88
95.4
24
49
82
91.3
98.2
99.8
97.3
99.92
99.97
REFEREHCE
UEKL
HEM,
MEKL
m
WEKL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WEIL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
ITD-L *
BOAT
BOAT
BOAT
BOAT
WERL
WJRL
WERL -
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WERL
WEH,
WERL
WERL
WER,
WER,
WER,
WERL
WAO
WERL
WERL
WERL
Data used in developing proposed standard.
TABLE 4-109B
IHDCSTCY-SUMITTED LEAOATE TREATHER PEKFOKKAHCE
DATA FOB PHEHOL
TECHNOLOGY
TECHHOLOGY
SIZE
DETECTIOH
FACILITY LlfiT
RAKGE
INFLUENT
CONCENTRATION
(ppb)
NO. OF
DATA
POINTS
k\
EP1
CONC
im
PLO
iN?
(PPl
^GE
ENT
RATION
i)
RECOVERY
W
REMOVAL
(1)
REFERENCE
BT
DOW
10
715-2500
10.000
99.32 LEACHATE
A-7
-------
Toluene (U220). Several sources of wastewater treatment performance
data were available for toluene, including data from the ITD and WERL
databases, BOAT Solvents Rule data, literature WAO and PACT" data, and EPA WAO
test data. These data are presented in Table 4-40. Technologies for which
data are available include AL, AL+AS, API+DAF+AS, AS, AS+Fil, AirS, AirS+GAC,
BT, BT+AC, GAG, PACT", RO, SS, SS+AC, TF, WOx+PACT", and WOx. The treatment
performance data represent bench-, pilot-, and full-scale studies.
The treatment performance data available from the ITD database were
used for setting the proposed and promulgated BOAT standard for this
constituent for the following reasons:
(1) The ITD data represent treatment performance data from the
OCPSF sampling episodes. The data collected by ITD include
long-term sampling of several industries. These data are
therefore a good reflection of the total organic chemical
industry and can adequately represent a wastewater of unknown •
characteristics.
(2) The ITD data were carefully screened prior to inclusion in the
OCPSF database. These data were used in determining an ITD
promulgated limit.
(3) A promulgated ITD limit represents data that have undergone
both EPA and industry review and acceptance.
BOAT for toluene is being promulgated as proposed and is identified
as steam stripping (SS). The BDAT treatment standard was calculated using the
ITD median long-term average of 10 ppb and the ITD Option 1 variability
factor. The calculation of the resulting BDAT treatment standard for toluene
(0.080 ppm) is described in Section 6.0 and is shown in Table 6-10.
A-8
-------
TABLE 4-40
SASTEWATER TREATMENT PERFORMANCE DATA
FOB TOLUENE
TECHNOLOGY
DETECTION RANGE
TECHKOLOGY FACILITY LIMIT INFLUENT
SIZE - (p{*) CONCENTRATION
(ppb)
AL Full 6B
AL Bench 371D
AL Full IB
AL+AS Full 233D
APIrDAF*AS Full 1482D
AS Bench 202D
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
Full 6B
Pul
Ful
Ful
Benc
Ful
Ful
Ful
6B
975B
6B
1 200B
6B
IB
6B
Full 6B
Full 975B
Full 6B
Full 975B
Full 6B
Pilot 226B
Full 6B
Full 6B
Full IB
Ful
Fu
Pu
FU
FU
FU
Fu
Fu
Fu
Fu
Fu
Fu
Fu
Fu
F.U
975B
IB
234A
IB
1587E
201B
IB
IB
234A
IB
IB
238A
1 6B
1 IB
1 IB
Pilot 241B
100-1000
1000-10000
100-1000
1000-10000
10000-100000
10000-100000
10000-100000
1000-10000
1000-10000
10000-100000
100-1000
1000-10000
1000-10000
1000-10000
1000-10000
1000-10000
1000-10000
100-1000
1000-10000
100000-1000000
100-1000
100-1000
0-100
100-1000
100-1000
0-100
0-100
0-100
100-1000
100-1000
0-100
0-100
100-1000
0-100
0-100
100-1000
0-100
0-100
100-1000
NO. OF AVERAGE
DATA EFFLCEHT RECOVERY REMOVAL
POINTS CONCENTRATION (i) ft)
(PPb)
3
6
21
4
3
3
3
10
24
6
15
3
7
33
7
14
4
5
6
4
32
4
4
5
3
3
5
4
5
10.000
90.000
32.000
4.000
11.000
10.000
73.000
10.000
12.000
76.000
0.800
10.000
9.000
10.000
24.000
280.000
10.000
23.000
20.000
300.000
10.000
10.000
4.000
7.600
4.000
0.700
3.000
0.100
57.000
12.000
1.000
0.200
4.000
2.000
6.200
10.000
2.000
4.000
4.000
98.2
97
96.1
99.85
99.93
99.98
99.84
99.57
99.68
99.90
99.3
99.73
99.81
99.88
99.76
96.3
99.5
86
99.8
99.85
97.8
97.6
88
99.04
99.48
97.1
90.6
99
87
96.8
98
96.2
96.4
97.6
92.7
94.4
97.1
86
98.6
REFERENCE
ViERL
>m
-ERL
ViERL
ViERL
viERL
ViERL
viERL
ViERL
ViERL
ViERL
iiERL
ViERL
VIERL
SEW,
ViERL
ViERL
ViERL
ViERL
ViERL
ViERL
ViERL
ViERL
ViERL
VJERL
viERL
VJERL
ViERL
'$&
VJERL
ViERL
ViERL
ViERL
ViERL
ViERL
ViERL
ViERL
ViERL
ViERL
A-9
-------
TABLE 4-40 (Continued)
WASTEWATER TREATMENT PERFORMANCE DATA
FOR TOLUENE
TECHNOLOGY
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS
AS T Fil
AjrS
AjrS
AjrS
AarS
AirS
AjrS
AirS
AirS
AirS+GAC
BT
BT
BT
BT
BT
BT
BT
BT
BT
BT
BT
BT
BT
BT
BT
BT
BT
TECHNOLOGY "FACILITY
SIZE
Full 234A
Full IB
Full IB
Fu
Fu
Fu.
Fu
Fu
IB
IB
234A
IB
IB
Pilot 206B
Full IB
Full 234A
full IB
Pilot REF2
Full 6B
Ful
Pilo
Benc
Ful
Ful
322B
: 1362E
1 1328E
69A
1 322B
Pilot 224B
Ful
Fu
Fu
Fu
Fu
Fu
Fu
FU
Fu
Fu
Fu
Fu
Fu
Fu
Ful
a
322B
322B
229A
P206
P211
P202
P244
P210
P223
P217
P234
P242
P221
P208
P240
P246
P251
Full P253
Full P257
Full P265
DETECTION RANGE
LIMIT INFLUENT
(ppb) CONCENTRATION
(PPb)
0-100
0-100
100-1000
0-100
0-100
0-100
0-100
100-1000
100-1000
100-1000
100-1000
100-1000
92000
10000-100000
100-1000
0-100
10000-100000
0-100
0-100
0-100
1000-10000
10000-100000
0-100
834-57475
1154-4000
60-155
1109
135-5805
99-265
34400-60000
2350-35000
1200-1533
10-323
140-640
22700
77-12938
15840-26060
66-230
1730-12900
37750-50000
NO. OF
DATA
POINTS
5
6
6
5
6
5
20
6
6
6
3
24
3
5
5
1
6
3
19
10
7
20
1
2
3
3
32
2
3
14
1
9
3
3
27
3
AVERAGE
EFFLCEJJT RECOVERY
CONCENTRATION (!)
( ppb)
0.200
3.000
20.000
1.000
1.000
0.200
2.000
56.000
0.600
10.000
0.200
31.000
23467.000
10.000
0.660
1.700
2800.000
0.940
2.000
0.500
34.000
114.000
1.000
1491.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
73.000
21.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
10.000
630.000
10.000
103.000
12.000
10.000
REMOVAL
IT)
96.9
94
89
97.3
97.4
97.7
96.3
93.8
99.76
96.4
99.9
95.4
99.98
99.77
95.3
92.4
97
97.4
98.9
99.18
99.33
90
REFERENCE
VERL
•mi
*ERL
viERL
>ERL
rfERL
*ERL
>m
*ERL
*ERL
*ERL
«ERL
BOAT I
•mi
«iMi
•mi
*ERL
«ERL
*ERL
•mi
iiERL
•mi
ViERL
BOAT
BOAT
BDAT
BDAT
BDAT
BDAT
BDAT
BDAT
BDAT
BDAT
BDAT
BDAT i
BDAT r
BDAT ;'
BDAT :
BDAT '
BDAT |i
I ITD data presented in the BDAT Solvents Rule F001-F005 Background Docunent.
A-10
-------
TABLE 4-40 [Continued^
SASTESATEK TREATMENT PERFORMANCE DATA
FOR TOLUENE
TECHNOLOGY TECHNOLOGY -fACILITY
SI2E
BT
BT
BT
BT
BT+AC
GAC
GAC
GAC
PACT
PACT
PACT
PACT
RO
SO
RO
* SS
SS
SS
* SS
SS
SS
SS+AC
TF
TP
TF
TF
TF
TP
OF
HOx
SOx
WOX
wox
KOX
i»x
Fu
Fa
Fu
Pa
Fa
1 P286
1 P215
1 P230
1 REF4
1 P246
Pilot 435B
Fall 245B
Pilot REF7
Bench 200B
Bench 242E
Bench Zjnpro
Bench Zinpro
Full 250B
Pilot 250B
Full 250B
0415**
Full 6B
Full 6B
0415*
Pilo
Fa
Fa
Fu
Fa
Fa
Fa
Fu
pffi
t REF4
P246
P297
6B
IB
IB
IB
IB
IB
t 250B
REP10
Bench Zinpro
Bench Zinpro
Pilot Z;npro
Full Zm iro
Full 242E
SOx Pilot 78D
SOx T PACT Pilot Ziooro
WOx [b
MX b
SOx b
SOx tb
Bench 78D
Bench 78D
Bench 1054E
Bench 1054E
DETECTION RANGE
LIMIT INFLCEHT
(ppb) CONCENTRATION
(ppb)
24000-160000
3300-4550
3503-30347
680
77-12938
10000-100000
10000-100000
120.
100-1000
0-100
2730
57
100-1000
0-100
1000-10000
10 19300-29000
1000-10000
10000-100000
10 2570-4230
92000
57-98
640-8650
100-1000
0-100
0-100
0-100
0-100
100-1000
100-1000
8500000
4330000
5000
30000
50 62000-82000
100-1000
10000-100000
5 130000-180000
1000-10000
10000-100000
10000-100000
1000000
NO. OF
DATA
POINTS
3
3
15
1
10
1
1
13
1
1
3
2
3
4
5
4
3
3
5
6
5
6
4
1
1
1
1
3
AVERAGE
EFFLUENT RECOVERY
CONCENTRATION (*)
(ppb)
76.000
10.000
10.000
4.000
113.000
10.000
10.000
0.300
0.300
5.000
1.000
5.000
20.000
12.000
420.000
12.000
10.000
12.000
22.300
42.000
10.000
11.000
10.000
10.000
7.000
2.000
1.000
7.000
84.000
200000.000
12000.000
500.000
500.000
10950.000
57.000
500.000
5.000
500.000
1000.000
500.000
220000.000
REMOVAL
(?)
99.96
99.94
99.75
91.2
99.9
91
92.5
36
94.7
99.71
99.95
96.3
88
86
97.2
98.2
97.8
35
99.7
90
98.3
72
98.3
99.9
90
98.8
98.9
95.7
REFEREBCE
BOAT
BOAT
BOAT
BDAT
BOAT !
SERL
SERL
BDAT 1
SERL
SEE
SAO
SAO
WERL
•mi
SERL
ITD-L *
i»ERL
WERL
ITD-L *
BDAT /
BDAT f
BDAT \
«ERL
VERL
SERL
WERL
»ERL
ma
'*OL
BDAT 1
MAO
«AO
SAO
SAO
wERL
SERL
SAO
>m
SERL
«ERL
SERL
I ITD data presented in the BDAT Solvents Role F001-F005 Background Document.
* Data used in developing proposed standard.
A-ll
-------
APPENDIX B
ACCURACY CORRECTION OF TREATMENT PERFORMANCE DATA
B-l
-------
APPENDIX B
ACCURACY CORRECTION OF TREATMENT PERFORMANCE DATA
The treatment performance data used to determine treatment standards
for wastewater forms of K022 were adjusted to account for analytical
interferences associated with the chemical matrices of the samples. Gener-
ally, treatment performance data were corrected for accuracy as follows: (1)
a matrix spike recovery was determined for each BOAT List constituent detected
in the untreated or treated waste; (2) an accuracy correction factor was
determined for each of the above constituents by dividing 100 by the matrix
spike recovery (percent) for that constituent; and (3) treatment performance
data for each BOAT List constituent detected in the untreated or treated waste
were corrected by multiplying the reported concentration of each constituent
by its corresponding accuracy correction factor. The procedure for accuracy
correction of the data is described in further detail below.
Matrix spike recoveries are developed by analyzing a sample of a
treated waste for a constituent and then re-analyzing the sample after the
addition of a known amount of the same constituent (i.e., spike) to the
sample. The matrix spike recovery represents the total amount of constituent
recovered after spiking, minus the initial concentration of the constituent in
the sample, and the result divided by the spike concentration of the con-
stituent.
Matrix spike recoveries used to adjust the treatment performance
data transferred to metal constituents in K022 wastewaters are shown in Table
B-l. Duplicate matrix spikes were performed for some BDAT List constituents.
If a duplicate matrix spike was performed for a constituent, the matrix spike
recovery used for that constituent was the lower of the two volumes from the
first matrix spike and the duplicate spike. An accuracy correction factor of
1.00 was used when matrix spike and duplicate matrix spike recoveries both
exceeded 100%, so that the data were not adjusted to concentrations below the
detection limits.
B-2
-------
Where a matrix spike was not performed for an organic constituent,
the matrix spike recovery for that constituent was derived from the average
matrix spike recoveries of the appropriate group of constituents (e.g.,
volatile or semivolatile organics) for which recovery data were available. In
these cases, the matrix spike recoveries for all volatiles or semivolatiles
from the first matrix spike were averaged. Similarly, an average matrix spike
recovery was calculated for the duplicate matrix spike recoveries. The lower
of the two average matrix spike recoveries of the volatile or semivolatile
group was used for any volatile or semivolatile organic constituent for which
no matrix spike was performed.
The accuracy correction factors for the data used to calculate
treatment standards for metal constituents in K022 wastewaters are presented
in Table B-2. The corrected treatment concentrations for the metal
constituents regulated in K022 wastewaters are presented in Table B-3.
B-3
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TABLE B-1
MATRIX SPIKE RECOVERIES FOR METALS IN UASTEWATER RESIDUALS*
Sample Result Duplicate Sample Result
Original
Amount Found
(con)
<0.004
0.203
Amount
Spiked
(pom)
0.050
1.00
Amount
Recovered
(con)
0.035
1.14
Percent
Recovery6
(X)
70
94
Amount
Recovered
(con)
0.034
1.128
Percent
Recovery6
(X)
68
93
Spike Constituent
159. Chromium (total)
163. Nickel
"Matrix spike recoveries were transferred from data in the Onsite Engineering Report for Horsehead (Reference 6).
"percent recovery « 100 x (C( - C0)/Ct, where C, = amount recovered, C0 * original amount found, and Ct = amount spiked.
Source: Onsite Engineering Report of the Third Third Incineration TTestability Test at the John Zink Company. Tulsa. Oklahoma (Reference 8).
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Table B-2
SUMMARY OF ACCURACY CORRECTION FACTORS FOR
METAL CONSTITUENTS'
BOAT List Constituent Accuracy Correction Factor"
159. Chromium (total) 1.471
163. Nickel 1.075
The data used to calculate these accuracy correction factors were transferred
from data in the Onsite Engineering Report for K061 (Reference 6).
The accuracy correction factor is equal to 100 divided by the percent
recovery.
B-5
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Table B-3
ACCURACY-CORRECTED DATA USED TO CALCULATE TREATMENT STANDARDS
METAL CONSTITUENTS REGULATED IN K022 WASTEWATERS
FOR
Corrected Total
Concentration in the
Treated K062 Wastewater Mixture8
(ppm)
BOAT List Constituent
159. Chromium (total)
163. Nickel
Sample Set:
0.221
0.387
0.176
0.355
0.265
0.419
"Constituent concentrations have been corrected by multiplying the
concentration by the accuracy correction factor (ACF) for each constituent.
B-6
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