x=/EPA
                         United States
                         Environmental Protection
                         Agency
                            Solid Waste and
                            Emergency Response
                            (5204G)
  EPA 540-K-97-001
OSWER 9378.0-8FS
     PB97-963202
       April 1997
Publishing  Effective  Public
Notices
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
Community Involvement and Outreach Center
                                             Quick Reference Fact Sheet
   Publishing public notices is one of the methods the Superfund Community Involvement program
   uses to announce public events (e.g., public meetings, availability sessions) and to inform communi-
   ties about cleanup activities at Superfund sites. Community Relations in Superfund: A Handbook (EPA
   540-R-92-009) identifies the milestones in the Superfund process that require a public notice. This
   fact sheet offers suggestions to improve EPA's efforts to produce easily understood public notices.
                                     Getting Noticed
   The purpose of a public notice is to inform
   an affected Superfund community about a
   planned event. If the public notice is ig-
   nored or misunderstood, EPA fails to com-
   municate an important message.

   While publishing "Legal Notices" or "Gov-
   ernment Notices" in the classified advertise-
   ments section of the paper fulfills the legal
   requirements, larger, well-placed notices are
   more likely to be read because they stand out
   amidst all the competing information on a
   newspaper page.
                         If your budget permits, publish public
                         notices as large display advertisements in a
                         newspaper read by the community members
                         you want to reach. (Region 3 has informal
                         guidelines that all public notices should be at
                         least one-quarter-page display ads.)


                         Choose a good location in the paper for
                         your notice. The sports, local news, or TV
                         listings sections are well-read.


                         Remember that the appearance—not just
                         the message—of the notice is important.
                         Examples of readable, pleasant-looking
                         notices are presented throughout this fact
                         sheet.

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                        Getting Noticed, continued
               Advertising research
               indicates that
               consumers need to be
               exposed to an
               advertising message
               at least three times
               within about a month
               for it to be effective.

If your budget allows, run the ad more
than once—e.g., ten days before, one week
before, and one day before the announced
event.

Use a consistent format for your public
notices and include the EPA logo so your
notices will be recognizable at a glance.
                                        •  Break up long blocks of text for easy
                                          reading: use brief paragraphs, bullets,
                                          indents, blank lines, or subheadings to
                                          organize the information.

                                        •  Incorporate generous amounts of white
                                          space into your design.

                                        •  Do not mix more than three different
                                          typefaces in one notice.

                                        •  Typefaces of 10 to 11 points are the most
                                          readable for the body text of the notice.

                                        •  Avoid excessive use of ALL CAPITALS,
                                          boldface, or italics for long runs of text.

                                        •  Avoid placing text over illustrations or
                                          tinted areas.
Be sure to attend the
 scoping  meeting  for
the new Stoneybrook
     Flats  Cleanup
       Agreement.
                                      A new Stoneybrook Flats Cleanup
                                   Agreement currently is being evaluated.
                                   The U.S. EPA and Colorado Department
                                   of Health invite you to attend a meeting to
                                 discuss the agreement and make comments.

                                              Public Meeting
                                             8:00pm - 9:30pm
                                         Tuesday, October 1,
                                           The Ciearwater Hyatt
                                                Cliff       Rd.
                                           Ciearwater, Colorado

                                  For more information, contact Mary Warden
                                      U.S. EPA Community Involvement
                                              (302)555-1212
                                                   .SSZ2

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                              When to Publish a Public Notice
  Following are some of the key points in
  the CERCLA process for which a public
  notice is required or appropriate.

  EPA must publish a notice in a major
  newspaper when:
  • the engineering evaluation/cost analysis
    becomes available
  • the proposed plan becomes available
  • the response action has been selected
    and the Record of Decision signed
  • an enforcement agreement is embodied
    in a consent decree
  • a remedial action is taken or a settlement
    or consent decree entered into that
    differs significantly from the final
    remedial plan adopted by the agency
  • the notice of intent to delete a site from
    the NPL is announced in the Federal
    Register

T3

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                         The
                     waste
          	          has
     been erased at
the Handel Bridge
     Superfund Site
                            The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                            (U.S. EPA) announces its intent to remove
                            the Handel Bridge Superfund site from the
                            National Priorities List (NPL). The U.S. EPA
                            completed cleanup activities at the site and
                            determined that no further cleanup action
                            is needed to protect human health and the
                            environment. The public is invited to
                            comment on this proposed decision. Writ-
                            ten and oral comments must be submitted
                            no later than August 21, and should  be di-
                            rected to:

                                      Beth Windsor
                             U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                                 77 West Jackson Boulevard
                                    Chicago, IL 60604
                                     (312)555-1234

                            To obtain more information about the
                            Handel Bridge Superfund site, visit the
                            Information Repository at Handel Re-
                            gional Library, 3344 Handel Bridge
                            Road, Handel, IL.
         THE
      OF
     AT THE
*••«
                                  Although it's an environment of change, the
                                  mission and priorities remain the same. At
                                  this month's public information meeting we
                                  will discuss:

                                   •  Smith Dump Cleanup Agreement Update
                                   •  Operable Unit #4 Update
                                   •  Environmental Impact Statement
                                   •  RCRA Permit Modification

                                            Please join us:
                                       Monday, September 13,1996
                                           7:00pm - 9:00pm
                                           Midville Holiday Inn
                                           1414 N.Chester Dr.
                                          Midville, Mississippi

                                  For more information, contact Joe Jones,
                                    U.S. EPA Community Involvement,
                                            (303)555-1234.
                                              .X"%.
                                             g  ifll  •&
                                                   I

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                  Choosing the Right Medium for a Public Notice
     Run the public notice as an
     advertisement in local weekly
     newspapers or community shoppers'
     guides.
     Publish the notice in bulletins put out
     by churches or civic organizations.
     Publish the notice on the Internet as
     an "upcoming event" on your World
     Wide Web home page.
    Mail the public notice to homes and
    local organizations on the site
    mailing list.
    Distribute the public notice as a
    press advisory to local print media,
    radio, and TV.
    Consult with local leaders for
    suggestions on the most effective
    publications in which to place public
    notices.
The law requires that most
public notices be published in
a major local newspaper of
general circulation, however
many members of small
communities may not read
the large city dailies. City
newspapers usually ap-
peal to broad segments
of the population, rath-
er than smaller com-
munities or
specialized groups.
Therefore, other
publications, in addition to large daily
      newspapers, also should be consid-
             ered. Most communities
                   have their own local
                      papers that may
                      be more widely
                      read locally than
                    the major daily. This
                   is especially true of
                 non-English-speaking
                 communities. The boxes
               above offer some sugges-
              tions for reaching your in-
             tended audience.

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                  Other Methods to Inform the Public About Events
                                   it on the
                              it!
              Post it!
                      it!
                         it
                                    it!
  Make use of local radio and TV public
  service announcements.
• Give an interview on a local radio station.
  Be a guest speaker at a meeting of a
  community service group.
• Distribute flyers door to
  door.
  Telephone the key individuals in a
  community to inform them about the
  information in the notice.
• Post flyers or posters on bulletin boards
     at the site, and at local stores, banks,
     libraries, post offices, community
     centers, schools, or in store windows.
     Gear the poster to the particular
     audience—especially non-English
     speaking groups.


     • Make use of any assistance
       that community service
       organizations might offer.
This document provides guidance to EPA staff. This document is not a substitute for EPA's statutes and regulations, nor is it a regu-
lation itself. Thus, it cannot impose legally-binding requirements on EPA, states, or the regulated community, and may not apply to a
given situation. EPA may change this guidance in the future.

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                         Using an Effective Writing Style
                     Information for the
                     general public
                     should be written
                     so that all citizens
                     can read and
 understand the issues presented in the
 document.

 Public notices should use clear, simple
 language. For example:

 •  Use simple, nontechnical words. A
   message containing an average of 1.5
   syllables per word is considered very
   readable. (Lincoln's Gettysburg Address
   consisted of 267 words, of which 202 had
   only one syllable.)
Be specific about what you want the
reader to do (e.g., attend a meeting,
request a document, or provide
comments).

Keep the notice as short as possible. Not only
do you have a better chance of keeping the
reader's attention, but short ads are less
expensive than long ones.

Avoid technical details,  acronyms, and
legal jargon.

Clearly state the date and location of an
event and the name and phone number
of the contact person.
                     Record cf Decision
               for Logan rarm Superfund Site
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
announces a Record of Decision (ROD) for the
Logan Farm Superfund Site. The ROD
documents EPA's cleanup plan for
groundwater contamination at the site,
including pumping and treating the
contaminated groundwater and monitoring all
private wells nearby.

Copies of the ROD are available at the:
Norville Public Library
904 S. Seventh Street
Norville, CO 12334
For more information on the site, contact:
Sue Welk, Community Relations Coordinator, Office of Public Affairs, U.S. EPA, (312) 555-1234

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   Engineering Evaluation/Cost Analysis
                                                                                                                                  WE'RE
                                                                                                                             PL&NTlNCi THE
                                                                                                                                SEEDS ©F
                                                                                                                             CHANGE AT THi
                                                                                                                              SMITH DUMP
                                                                                                                               SUPERFUND
                                                                                                                                  SITE.
                                                                                                                                          Please join us:
                                                                                                                                      Monday, September 13,
                                                                                                                                          7:00pm -9:00pm
                                                                                                                                         Midville Holiday Im
                                                                                                                                         1414 N. Chester Dr
                                                                                                                                         Midville, Mississipf


                                                                                                                                    'u.S. EPA Community Invol
                                                                                                                                          (303) 555-1234.
vvEPA
   United States
   Environmental Protection Agency (5204G)
   Washington,  DC  20460

   Official Business
   Penalty for Private Use
   $300
                                                                                                                                         Public Meetin
                                                                                                                                         8:QQpm -9:3Qpm
                                                                                                                                            , October 1,'
                                                                                                                                        The Clearwater Hyatt
                                                                                                                                        8338 Cliff Ridge Rd.
                                                                                                                                        Clearwater, Colorado
   Take a closer
      look at
     current
   ems at the
   Handel irldge
    Suoerfund
       site.
     las]
                The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                announces the beginning of the comment
                period on the Remedial Investigation/
                Feasibility Study (RI/FS) and Proposed
                Plan for the Hande
      Public Meeting
   Tuesday, December 3,1996
      7:QQpmto9:QQpm
      Collingwood Marriott
      1313 S.Remar Road
      Barton, Michigan

Tentative topics for the meeting include:
• Content of the RI/FS
• Content of the Proposed Plan
• Procedure for providing comment
• Next steps at thesite

For more information about these and other
topics, contact Beth Windsor, U.S. EPA,
(603) 555-1212.

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