United SutM Envvonrrxntil Protection Off *• of Toxic SubfUncw Wnhinoton. DC 20460 EPA 5«/7•81-007 July 1M1 Toxic Subftmc*) Environmental and Acrylonitrile A Comprehensive Bibliography of Published Literature 1930- 1981 ------- &EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances Washington, DC 20460 EPA 68-01-6021 Rept A July 1981 Toxic Substances Environmental and Health Aspects of Acrylonitrile A Comprehensive Bibliography of Published Literature 1930-1981 ------- 30272-101 REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE 1. REPORT NO. EPA 560/7-81-007 3. Recipient's Accession No. 4. TKI. .no me Environmental and Health Aspects of Acrylonitrile, A Gonprehensive Bibliography of Published Literature 1930-1981 s. Report oate Prepared June 1981 7. Author(s) B. Performing Organization Rept. No. 9. Performing Organization Name and Address Tracer Jitco, Inc. 1776 East Jefferson Street Rockville, Maryland 20852 10. Project/Task/Worfc Unit No. Technical Directive 4 11. Contract(C) or Grant(G) No. (C) 68-01-5836 (G) 12. Sponsoring Organization Name and Address Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Management Support Division, 401 M Street SW, Washington, D.C. 20460 13. Type of Report & Period Covered Final Report 1930-1981 14. IS. Supplementary Notes 1&. Abstract (Limit: 200 words) This document is a bibliography of published citations on health and environmental aspects of Acrylonitrile (Chemical Abstacts Service Registry Number 107-13-1) for the period 1930 to May 1981. The citations have been selected from a thorough literature search, and broadly classified as having primarily environmental or biological emphasis. The sources used in the search are identified, and for the portion performed on line, the search strategies are also included. 17. Document Analysis i. Descriptors Bibliographies; Literature Surveys; Environments; Public Health; Pollution; Toxicology. b. Identlfiers/Open-Ended Terms Literature Search; Literature Review; Health Effects; Environmental Effects; Acrylonitrile; 107-13-1 c. COSATI Field/Group 18. Availability Statement Release unlimited 19. Security Class (This Report) Unclassified 20. Security Class (This Page) Unclassified 21. No. of Pages 22. Price (See ANSI-Z39.J8) See Initruclioni on Reverse OPTIONAL FORM 272 (4-77) (Formerly NTIS-35) Department of Commerce ------- EPA Report No.560/7-81-007 July 1981 ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH ASPECTS OF ACRYLONITRILE A Comprehensive Bibliography of Published Literature 1930 - 1981 by Management Support Division Information Support Services Branch Office of Toxic Substances Washington, D.C. 20460 68-06-5836 Project Officers Michael Weaver, Delores Evans Management Support Division Office of Toxic Substances Washington, D.C. 20460 OFFICE OF TOXIC SUBSTANCES U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WASHINGTON, D.C. 20026 ------- Preface This bibliography was created from a literature search performed under the auspices of the Management Support Division, Information Support Services Branch for the Assessment Division, Chemical Review and Evaluation Branch; both of the Office of Toxic Substances. The search was intended to provide partial support for the preparation of a Preliminary Risk Assessment on acrylonitrile (107-13-1). This assessment reviews and evaluates the available significant economic and adverse effects data from both published and unpublished sources on a substance selected as being potentially hazardous to human health or the environment. The subject coverage of the assessment is broader than this bibliography which includes only published environmental and biological information. The bibliography does not include all information available to the review branch. Although it is not an authoritative source list for Preliminary Risk Assessments, it does represent a comprehensive and systematic search of the literature and subsequent selection of citations that pertain to health and the environment. The limits of the search are fully described in this document and its appendices. ------- Introduction 1. The Search This bibliography is a compilation of citations retrieved during a thorough review of the national and international literature on acrylonitrile (Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number 107-13-1) cited between 1930 and April 1980. The supporting search was performed at the request of the Assessment Division/Chemical Review and Evaluation Branch by the Management Support Division/Information Support Services Branch, within the Office of Toxic Substances. 1.1. Scope To insure that the search was comprehensive, a variety of sources were examined, including the following: o On-line databases from major vendors of bibliographic information. o On-line databases from various agencies of the United States Government. o Manually searched national and international indices and abstract collections of scientific literature. o Reference sections of major review articles, criteria documents, monographs, and reports. o Selected handbooks. (A complete listing of sources consulted can be found in Appendices I and II). The emphasis of this bibliography is on the primary literature except for the handbook information presented in Section II and a few secondary sources selected because they contain unique or well-summarized information on the chemical. Subsequent to the main search, which was completed in April 1980, and using the same strategy, update searches were performed during the period from April 1980 to May 1981 on all the on-line databases initially searched. In addition, the April 1981 and May 1981 issues of Current Contents (Life Sciences, Agriculture, Biology, and Environmental Sciences series) were screened to retrieve citations which may not have been entered into the on-line files at the time of the final update searches. 11 ------- Because the overall requirement of the search request for this project was broader than the health and environmental aspects of the chemical, a wider range of databases was searched than might normally be expected for this bibliography. However, only health and environmental aspects were selected regardless of the data source examined. The total complement of databases searched is listed in the appendices for the user's reference. 1.2. Strategy The search requirement demanded high recall of information dealing with acrylonitrile; precision was a secondary consideration. EPA decided to retrieve all citations that contained the term acrylonitrile or its synonyms in any searchable fields and to select relevant citations by a manual screen. The Chemical Abstract Service registry number (CAS RN) and systematic names and synonyms that could be identified from CHEMLINE (National Library of Medicine); CHEMDEX (System Development Corporation); CHEMNAME, CHEMSEARCH, and CHEMSIS (Lockheed Information System); SANSS (NIH/EPA Chemical Information System); and RTECS (NIOSH Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances) were used in the search on databases. For on-line searching, the names were divided into significant fragments and entered according to the conventions of the individual databases. Chemical terms used in this search were as follows: CAS RN: 107-13-1 aeryIon acrylonitrile carbacryl vinyl cyanide cyanoet hy1ene ENT 54 Fumigrain Miller's Fumigrain propenenitrile 2-propenenitrile TL 314 VCN Ventox No additional modifiers or keywords were used to limit information retrieved in any database for this chemical because comprehensive retrieval was desired. Complete search strategies are listed in Appendix II. 111 ------- Use/application categories were not used as search terms because EPA decided to select only terms that specifically mentioned the chemical or its synonyms. Indexing policy, keyword entry, and abstracting techniques usually discussed significantly in general articles or reviews. The user can be assured, therefore, that each citation listed in this bibliography contains substantive information on the subject chemical. Manual sources, indices, and abstract collections usually employ their own unique indexing schemes for chemical information, so it is difficult to describe a standard search strategy for these information tools. However, in all cases, the most specific indexing terms available in the source were used to identify citations on the subject chemical. 1.3. Selection of Citations Citations were selected for inclusion in this bibliography based on their relevance to the following topics: o Toxicity — Adverse and toxic effects on any biological systems, structural and functional changes in organs and tissues of all vertebrate and invertebrate species, test methods used for determination of toxicity, and bioassay studies. o. Physiology — Absorption, distribution, transport, metabolism, and elimination in all species; techniques for measurement of tissue and organ residues; interactions with endogenous substances. o Epidemiology — Exposure data, morbidity, and mortality rates for general and occupational populations. o Environmental Significance — Environmental distribution in air, soil, and water; sources of pollution; ecological effects on microorganisms, insects, plants, and wildlife; biodegradation and bioconcentration; analytical techniques for sampling and measurement in the environment. o Safety, Control, and Regulations — Disposal hazards; Federal, local, and international controls, recommendations, and regulations. These are the broad specifications for inclusion in this bibliography. Because any literature selection process involves subjectivity and judgement, precise definitions are difficult. The general guiding requirement for inclusion is that citations must pertain to the biological or environmental aspects of the chemical. The following information is not included in this bibliography: news items; brief announcements and Federal Register notices; reports of on-going research which have not yet been published or any other unpublished information; draft reports; and private communications. IV ------- 2. Organization of Bibliography This bibliography is organized into three major sections. 2.1. Section Titles Section I — Handbook information Section II — Citations from the primary literature Section III — Appendices listing specific sources used and exact search strategies employed 2.2. Citation Format In Section II citations from on-line and manually searched abstract collections are arranged alphabetically by author. Personal names are entered with the last name first followed by the first two initials. Second and third authors' names are separated from the first author and each other by a semicolon. Up to three personal names are used; if there are more than three authors, the remaining are listed as "et al." If an author has written more than one article, citations are arranged in ascending chronological order. If authors and date are identical, citations are arranged alphabetically by title of the article. Single author entries are listed first, followed by two, then three author entries. Patents are arranged alphabetically by assignee name. All government publications are listed by the sponsoring government agency. Government or corporate names are written in full form. No acronyms are used. The country of origin is listed first, followed by the organizational hierarchy of the sponsoring group listed in descending hierarchical order. If the performing organization or individual author is known, they are listed on separate lines below the government sponsor. Example: NIOSH publication: United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Tracor Jitco, Inc. Brown, R.A.; Smith S.S. Corporate documents with no specific author are listed in alphabetical order according to the first significant word of the organization name. e.g., DuPont de Nemours, E.I. and Company ------- 2.3. Literature Cited The following kinds of literature are cited in this bibliography: journal articles, government reports, patents, organization and corporate reports, books, manufacturer's literature, conference proceedings, and dissertations. In each case an attempt has been made to supply the user with enough information so that the hard copy of the document may be easily obtained. Journal titles are abbreviated according to the style in the Chemical Abstracts Service Source Index (CASSI), The American Chemical Society, Columbus, OH, 1980 and its corresponding guide, Bibliographic Guide for Editors and Authors, The American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1974. All foreign titles have been translated into English. Foreign language articles are indicated by the appropriate three letter language abbreviation in parentheses at the end of the source information. 2.4. Categorization of Citations In order to make this bibliography a more useful tool for separate user groups, most citations are marked with the category code E or H. E = Environmental Aspects, i.e., the major content of the document pertains to the chemical in the open environment: its distribution, degradation, environmental chemistry and analysis; effect on ecosystems; effect on flora and fauna, including laboratory research, when emphasis is on environmental considerations rather than prediction of human effects, environmental chemistry, and analysis. H = Health Aspects, i.e., the major content of the document concerns known health effects, predictive laboratory research, and animal studies as relates to human health effects, human exposure, and epidemiological studies. A decision was made based on the abstract, and in some cases the entire document, to categorize according to what appeared to be the major purpose of the study. In a few cases neither category applies. Those citations were left unclassified. VI ------- HANDBOOK AND DATABANK INFORMATION ------- 3. Handbook and Databank Information 3.1. Summary Databanks for Health Effects Data (information found) United States. Department of Health and Human Services. Public Health Service. Center for Disease yes Control. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. Cincinnati, OH: NIOSH, 1980 United States. Department of Health and Human Services. Public Health Service. National Institutes of Health. National Library of Medicine yes Toxicology Data Bank. Bethesda, MD 1980 ------- 3.2. Handbooks Searched for Health Effects Source Browning, E. Toxicity and Metabolism of Industrial Solvents, New York: Elsevier Publishing Co., 1963 Location of Information No pertinent information found Browning, E. Toxicity of Industrial Metals. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1969 No pertinent information found Dittmer, D.S., Editor Handbook of Toxicology, V. - Fungicides. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Company, 1959 No pertinent information found Fishbein, L. Potenial Industrial Carcinogens and Mutagens. New York: Elsevier Scientific Publishing Co., 1979 pp. 436-40 Fishbein, L.; Flamm, W.G.; Falk, H.L. Chemical Mutagens. New York: Academic Press, 1970 No pertinent information found Goodman, L.S.; Oilman, A., Editors The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc., 1975 No pertinent information found Patty, F.A., Editor Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. New York: Interscience Publishers, 1963 pp. 2013-6 Plunkett, E.R. Handbook of Industrial Toxicology. New York: Chemical Publishing Co., Inc., 1976 pp. 13-4 Sax, N.I. Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1979 p. 343-4 Searle, C.E., Editor Chemical Carcinogens. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1976 No pertinent information found ------- 3.2. Handbooks Searched for Health Effects (cont'd) Source Shepard, T.H. Catalog of Teratogenic Agents. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1976 Location of Information No pertinent information found Spector, W.S., Editor Handbook of Toxicology, V. I. - Acute Toxicities. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Company, 1956 p. 12-3 Spector, W.S., Editor Handbook of Toxicology, V. II. - Antibiotics. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company, 1957 No pertinent information found Spector, W.S., Editor Handbook of Toxicology, V. III. - Insecticides. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company, 1959 pp. 1-3 Sunshine, I., Editor CRC Handbook Series in Analytical Toxicology. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, Inc., 1979 pp. 565,600-1 United Nations. International Agency for Research on Cancer IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans. Lyon, France: IARC pp. 73-86 United States. Department of Health and Human Services. Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health NIOSH Criteria Documents. Cincinnati, OH: NIOSH No document exists United States. Department of Health and Human Services. Public Health Service. National Institutes of Health. National Cancer Institute NCI Carcinogens Bioassay Reports. Springfield, VA: National Technical Information S ervi ce No document exists ------- 3.2. Handbooks Searched for Health Effects (cont'd) Source Location of Information United States. Department of Health and Human No pertinent Services. Public Health Service. National Institutes information of Health. National Cancer Institute found Survey of Compounds Which Have Been Tested for Carcinogenic Activity. Bethesda, MD: NCI, 1978 United States. Environmental Protection Agency Vol. 77(4):53 EPA Publications Bibliography. 78(4):64 Washington, DC, EPA 79(4):2 79(3):31,45 80(2):44 ------- 3.3. Handbooks Searched for Environmental Effects Source Applegate, V.C.; Ho we 11, J.H.; Hall, A.E.; et al. Toxicity of 4,346 Chemicals to Larval Lampreys' and Fishes: Special Scientific Report. Fisheries No. 207, Washington, DC, 1957 Location of Information No pertinent information found McKee, J.E.J Wolf, H.W., Editors Water Quality Criteria, 2nd Edition. California State Water Resources Control Board, 1963 p. 127 Ryekman, D.W.; Prabhakara Rao, A.V.S.; Buzzel, J.C. Behavior of Organic Chemicals in the Aquatic Environment. Washington, DC: Manufacturing Chemists' Association, 1966 p. A-5 United States. Environmental Protection Agency Review of the Environmental Fate of Selected Chemicals, Springfield, VA: National Technical Information Service, 1977 No pertinent information found United States. Environmental Protection Agency Review of the Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants. Springfield, VA: National Technical Information Service, 1977 p. 105-1 Verschueren, K. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1977 pp. 78-80 ------- 3.4. Handbooks Searched for Physical and Chemical Properties Source Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc. Aldrich Catalog Handbook of Fine Chemicals. 1981-2. Milwaukee, WI: Aldrich Chemical Co., 1980 Location of Information p. 20 Bennet, H., Editor Concise Chemical and Technical Dictionary. New York: Chemical Publishing Co., Inc., 1974 p. 17 Dreisback, R.R. Physical Properties of Chemical Compounds. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1959 No pertinent information found Grasselli, J.G.; Ritchey, W.M., Editors CRC Atlas of Spectral Data and Physical Constants for Organic Compounds. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1975 p. A-900 Grayson, M., Editor Rirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. New York: Interscience Publishers, 1979 pp. 414-26 Hawley, G.G. The Condensed Chemical Dictionary. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1977 pp. 14 Kortum, G.; Vogel-, W. Dissociation Constants of Organic Acids in Aqueous Solution. London: Butterworths, 1961 No pertinent information found Leo, A.; Hansch, C.; Elkins, D. Chemical Reviews. Claremont, CA: Department of Chemistry, Pomona College, 1971 p. 559 Linke, W.F. Solubilities of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Compounds. New York: D. Van Nostrand Co., Vol. I. 1958, Vol. II. 1965 No pertinent information found ------- 3.4. Handbooks Searched for Physical and Chemical Properties (cont'd) Source Hark, H.F.; Gaylord, N.G.; Bikales, N.M., Editors Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology. New York: Interscience Publishers, 1964 Location of Information pp. 1374-407 415-8 Perry, R.H.; Chilton, C.H., Editors Chemical Engineers Handbook. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1973 No pertinent information found Pollock, J.R.; Stevens, R., Editors Dictionary of Organic Compounds. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode Publishers, Ltd., 1965 p. 37-8 Stephen, H.; Stephen, T.; Editors Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds. New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963 No pertinent information found Weast, R.C., Editor CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1979 No pertinent information found Windholz, M., Editor The Merck Index. Rahway, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 1976 p. 17-8 ------- CITATIONS FROM THE LITERATURE ------- Aarato, S.E.; Eszter, B. Determination of Acrylonitrile in the Air in the Presence of Dimethylformamide and Ammonia. Munkavedelem, 18( 10-12):.50-1 (1972) (Hun) Abe, K.; Hiraga, M.; Anan, F.K. H The Chemical Modification of Beef Liver Catalase. IV. The Properties-of Acrylonitrile- or Glyoxal-treated Products of Catalase. J. Biochem., 74(5):889-904 (Nov. 1973) Abreu, M. H Studies on the Mechanism of Acrylonitrile Neurotoxicity. Symposium: 12th Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology. New Orleans, LA, Mar. 11-17, 1979. Abreu, M.; Ahmed, A.E. H Metabolism of Acrylonitrile to Cyanide; In Vitro Studies. Symposium: 19th Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology. Washington, DC, Mar. 9-13, 1980. Paper No: 393. Drug Metab. Dispos., 8(6):376-9 (1980) Achmatowicz, T.; Lugowska, U. E Radiation Processing of Wastes from Acrylonitrile Manufacture, Nukleonika, 24(10-11):1033-8 (1979) Adema, E.H. Acrylonitrile Measurement Methods. Chem. Weekbl., pp. 103-5 (Feb. 1979) (Out) Agaev, F.B. H Possible Classification of the Potential Danger of Chemical Substances Absorbed through the Skin. Azerb. Med. Zh., 55(5):29-32 (1978) (Rus) Ageeva, T.S. H The Condition of the Metabolism of Mediating Substances in Workers Producing Acrylonitrile. Tr. Sarat. Med. Inst., (10-13):71-88 (1970) 11 ------- Agency of Industrial Sciences and Technology Mikami, E.; Misono, T.; Okumura, A. Biological Treatment of Cyanide-containing Organic Waste Water from the Nitrile Manufacturing Process. Japan, Patent No. 74 58662 Jun. 6, 1974 Aghoramurthy, K.; Mehta, 8.K. H Toxicological Involvement in Acrylonitrile Plant. Proceedings: 1st International Symposium on Environmental Pollution and Human Health, pp. 519-39 (1977) Agouri, E. H The Acrylonitrile Resins; Their Prospects in the Food Field. Emballages, 48(350):45-52 (1978) (Fre) Ahmed, A.E. H Pharmacokinetics, Distribution, and Binding of 1-14C Acrylonitrile in Rats. Symposium: American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutic. Portland, OR, Aug. 19-23, 1979. Ahmed, A.E.; Patel, K. H Pharmacokinetics Distribution and Binding of l-C-14 Acrylonitrile in Rats. Pharmacologist, 21(3):212 (1979) Ahmed, A.E.; Patel, K.; Chieco, P. H Comparative Toxicity of Aliphatic Nitriles. Symposium: 2nd International Congress on Toxicology. Brussels, Belgium, Jul. 6-11, 1980. Akitsune, K. E Waste Water Treatment at Acrylonitrile Plant by the Catalytic Wet Oxidation Process. Nikkakyo Geppo, 29(9):9-17 (1976) (Jpn) Aldershoff, W.G. H Is Acrylonitrile Carcinogenic? Chem. Weekbl., 75(32):2 (1979) (Dut) 12 ------- Aljama, P.; Bird, P.A.; Ward, M.K.; et al. H Haemodialysis-induced Leucopenia and Activation of Complement; Effects on Different Membranes. Proceedings: European Dialysis and Transplantation Association. Apr. 25, 1979. pp. 144-53 Aljama, P.; Brown, P.; Turner, P.; et al. H Haemodialysis-triggered Asthma. Br. Med. J., 2(6132):251-2 (1978) Alshansky, A.M.; Ivanov, V.V.; Promyslov, M.S. H Effect of Acrylonitrile on Content of Gamma-Amino-Butyric Acid, Glutamate-Decarboxylase Activity and on Lipid Peroxidation in Rat-Brain Tissue. Vopr. Med. Khimii, 26(4):507-9 (1980) (Rus) American Cyanamd Company H The Chemistry of Acrylonitrile. In: Nitrogen Chemicals Digest, Vol. V. New York: Beacon Press, Inc., 95 pp., 1951 'American Cyanamid Company Method of Stabilizing Acrylonitrile. Patent No. 2656376 Oct. 20, 1953 American Cyanamid Company Stabilization of Acrylonitrile. Patent No. 2783269 Feb. 26, 1957 American Petroleum Institute H API Toxicological Review, Acrylonitrile. American Petroleum Institute (1948) Anderson, R.A.; Harland, W.A.; Oliver, J.S. H The Analysis of Volatiles in Blood from Fire Fatalities. Proceedings: European Meeting of the International Association of Forensic Toxicologist. Glasgow, Scotland, 1979. pp. 279-92 (Pub. 1980) 13 ------- Anderson, T.T.; Ebner, K.E. H Modification of the Bisulfide Bonds of Ovine Prolactin. Symposium: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. Kansas City, KS Fed. Proc., 36(3):911 (1977) Anon. H Acrylonitrile. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. Q., 18:78-79 (Mar. 1957) Anon. H Acrylonitrile. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J., 31:529-30 (Aug. 1970) Anon. H Acrylonitrile, Acrylic, and Modacrylic Fibres, and Acrylonitrile- butadiene-styrene and Styrene-acrylonitrile Copolymers. IARC Monogr. Careinog. Risk. Chem. Hum., 19:73-113 (Feb. 1979) Anon. H Acrylonitrile Hazard Acknowledged by Commission. Occup. Health, 31:285 (Jun. 1979) Anon. E Acrylonitrile Pollution. Rev. Chim., 31(4):399-400 (1980) Anon. H Acrylonitrile - Properties, Uses, Handling. London: Border Chemicals Limited, Devonshire House, 9 pp., Jul. 1969 Anon. H Acrylonitrile - Toxicity, First Aid. London: Border Chemicals Limited, 3 pp., Mar. 1969 Anon. E Calgon Initiates Mobile Treatment Service for Cleanup of Spills of Toxic Substances. J. Environ. Health, 41(2):112 (Sep.-Oct. 1978) 14 ------- Anon. H Carcinogenic Risk of Acrylonitrile. Can. Notes Doc., 94:19-21 (1979) (Fre) Anon. H Clearing the Air; Basic Respirators Help Protect Workers against Respiratory Hazards. Compressed Air, 84(ll):24-7 (Nov. 1979) Anon. H A Conversation with FDA's Stuart M. Pape. Fd. Drug. Packag., 40(l):22-5, 28 (Jan. 1979) Anon. H Dangers of Acrylonitrile and Its Determination in Air and Biological Media. Med. Segur. Trab., 26(102):90-3 (1978) (Spa) Anon. H The European Economic Community Commission Will Not Harmonize National Hygiene Standards for Acrylonitrile. Eur. Chem. News, 33(894):17 (Jul. 2, 1979) Anon. H FAQ/WHO Monographs on Fumigants. Food Cosmet. Toxic., 4:434 (1966) Anon. H FDA Bureau of Foods; Dr. Miller Examines Issues. Fd. Drug Packag., 42(10):4,17,20-1 (Jan. 1980) Anon. H Hazardous Substances Summary and Full Development Plan. NTIS Report PB-289923, 244 pp. (Dec. 1978) Anon. H Hygienic Evaluation of Plastics in the Context of Foods and Items of Utility. Bundesgesundheitsblatt, 18(19):313 (1975) (Ger) 15 ------- Anon. H MCA Reports on Acrylonitrile Teratology Study. Med. Coll. Va. Quarterly, 18(35):8 (1976) Anon. E Microorganisms of Activated Sludge from Treatment of Wastewater from Pyrolysis and Synthetic Fiber Manufacture. Wei Sheng Wu Hsueh T'ung Pao, 7(2):61-4 (1980) , Anon. E New Daphnia Test Measures Wastewater Toxics. Water and Pollution Control, 118(2):20-1 (Feb. 1980) Anon. H OSHA Lowers Acrylonitrile Exposure Level; Used in Manufacture of Resins. Am. Paint Coatings J., 62(34):9 (Jan. 30, 1978) Anon. H OSHA Sets Tough Acrylonitrile Exposure Regulations. Oil Gas J., 76(4):36 (Jan. 23, 1978) Anon. E Plastic Bottles Said to Pollute; Suit Filed to Revoke Approval. Chem. Mark. Reporter, 208(21):28-9 (Nov. 24, 1975) Anon. H Plastics in Packaging/Acrylonitrile; A Dual Meeting. Symposium: National Technical Conference. Chicago, IL, Nov. 13-15, 1978. 231 pp. Anon. H Polyacrylonitrile Membrane Dialysis for Hepatic Coma. Lancet, 2(8035):451-2 (Aug. 27, 1977) Anon. H Reagent Hazards. A & R, 16(10):458-63 (1978) 16 ------- Anon. E Unique System Solves Plastic Problem. Water Wastes Eng., 10(5):C20 (May 1973) Anon. H Update on OSHA'a Cancer Hearings; The Real Fight Is Still Ahead. Plast. Technol., 24(10):53, 57 (Sep. 1978) Anon. E When Is a Bottle Not a Bottle? Environ. Action, 7(14):4 (Nov. 22, 1975) Anton'ev, A.A.; Rogailin, V.I. H Professional Dermatoses Caused by Acrylonitrile and Their Prophylaxis. Tr. Perm. Cos. Med. Inst., 99:103-6 (1970) Appel, K.E.; Peter, H.; Bolt, M.; et al. H Interaction of Acrylonitrile with Hepatic Microsomes of Rats and Men. Toxicol. Lett. (Amst.), 4-5:335-40 (1981) Araki, T.; Hashinaga, T.; Mikami, E.; et al. E Microbial Purification of Some Specific Industrial Wastes. Kogyo Gijutsuin Biseibutsu Kogyo Gijutsu Kenkyusho Kenkyu Hokoku, (36):53-9 (1969) (Jpn) Ardasheva, O.K.; Martynova, N.A. H Degassing Protective Clothing Contaminated by Acrylonitrile. Gig. Tr. Prof. Zabol., 16(6):55-7 (1972) (Rus) Argus Chemical Corp. Haruna Tohru, J.P.; Leistner, W.E.; Minagawa, M.J.P.j et al, Inorganic Organic Coester Stabilizers. Japan, Patent No. 4257927 Mar. 24, 1981 Asahi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Takagi, H.; Tagashira, Y.; Kitamura, T. E Treatment of Waste Waters. Japan, Patent No. 74 97457 Sep. 14, 1974 17 ------- Asahi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Araki, H.; Mitsui, 0.; Kojima, H.; et al. E Activated Sludge As Adsorbent in Waste Water Treatment. Japan, Patent No. 75 47455 Apr. 26, 1975 Asahi Chemical Industry Co.', Ltd. Tagashira, Y.; Takagi, H.; Inagaki, K. Wet High Pressure Waste Water Treatment in the Presence of Copper. Japan, Patent No. 75 106862 Aug. 22, 1975 Asahi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Kasai, M.; Misumi, T.; Miyaji, T.; et al. Improved Oxidation Method for Waste Water. Japan, Patent No. 76 25474 Mar. 2, 1976 Asahi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Tagashira, Y.; Takagi, H.; Inagaki, K. Treatment of Wastewater with Activated Carbon. Japan, Patent No. 79 36060 Mar. 16, 1979 Asahi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Tagashira, Y.; Takagi, H.; Inagaki, K. E Wastewater Treatment Process. Japan, Patent No. 27 43683 Mar. 1, 1979 Asahi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Inagaki, K.; Tagashira, Y.; Takagi, H. Catalytic Decomposition of Wastewater. Japan, Patent No. 80 22367 Feb. 18, 1980 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Inagaki, K.; Tagashira, Y.; Takagi, H. Continuous Absorbant Regeneration - in Process for Lowering COD of Effluent from Acrylonitrile Prodn. Japan, Patent No. 77-IA-101068 Jan. 3, 1979 18 ------- Asahi Kasei Kogyo K. K. JP. Inagaki, K.; Tagashira, Y.; Takagi, H. E Wastewater Treatment Method Using Activated Carbon. Japan, Patent No. 42 03835 May 20, 1980 Asendorf, E. Purification of Industrial Wastes. Chemiker-ztg., 90(16):573-8 (1966) (Ger) Asplund, I. E List of Maximum Allowable Concentrations for Air Pollutants. Kemisk Tidskrift, 91(ll):24-7 (1979) (Swe) Austin, L.K.; Cunningham, G.P. Determination of Trace Quantities of Acrylonitrile in Resins and Paints by Gas-Chromatography. J. Coatings Technol., 52(665):49-53 (1980) Auvinet, J.; Favand, M. H Measurement of the Fumes and Analysis of the Toxic Gas from the Combustion of Materials Used in Airplane Cabins. Symposium: Etud. Tech. Armement, Commis. Energ. At., Toulouse, France AGAKD Conf. Proc., 166(12):12 pp. (1975) (Fre) Babanov, G.P.; Isakhonov, A.L.; Burov, Y.A.; et al. 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H Pathogenesis of Experimental Adrenal Hemorrhagic Necrosis Ultrastructural, Biochemical, Neuropharmacologic, and Blood-Coagulation Studies with Acrylonitrile in the Rat. Lab. Invest., 42(5):533-46 (1980) Szabo, S.; Reynolds, E.S.; Komanicky, P.; et al. H Effect of Chronic Acrylonitrile Ingestion on Rat Adrenal. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 37(1):133 (1976) Szewczuk, A.; Ziomek, E.; Mordarski, M.; et al. H Properties of Penicillin Amidase Immobilized by Copolymerization with Acrylamide. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 21(9):1543-52 (1979) (Pol) Tada, 0. On the Determination of Gases and Vapors. Japan Air Cleaning Assoc. J., 14(8):21-33 (1977) (Jpn) Takagi, H. E Waste Water Treatment with Powdered Activated Carbon Regenerated by Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation. Mizu Shori Gijutsu, 20(l):53-62 (1979) (Jpn) Takagi, N.; Takagi, K.; Matsuda, T.; et al. H Nutrition in Relation to Environment. III. 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Direct Determination of Free Acrylonitrile in Aqueous Copolymer Latexes. I. Rapid Potentipmetric Tritiation Method. Analyst, 94(1121):628 (1969) Thelestam, M.; Curvall, M.; Enzell, C.R. H Effect of Tobacco Smoke Compounds on the Plasma Membrane of Cultured Human Lung Fibroblasts. Toxicology, 15(3):203-17 (1980) Thiess, A.M.; Fleig, I. H Analysis of Chromosomes of Workers Exposed to Acrylonitrile. Arch. Toxicol., 41(2):149-52 (1978) Thomas, T.J.; Srinivasan, S.; Gower, C.C. The Influence of Environmental Factors on Hazardous Spill Amelioration. Proceedings: 3rd National Conference on Control Hazard Material Spills, pp.303-13 (1976) 85 ------- Tichy, M.; Horejsi, M.; Cikrt, M. H Effect of Some Chelating Agents on Biliary Excretion of Mercury. 2. Relationship between Excretion of Mercury and Binding to Bile Fractions. J. Hyg. Epidemiol. Microbiol. Immunol. (Prague), 24(3):309-23 (1980) Tokyo Organic Chemical Industries, Ltd. Kuyama, H. 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Med., (ll):107-9 (1979) (Rus) Zubakova, G.S.; Akinchits, M.A. H Enzymohepatograms of Women Occupied with the Production of Articles from a Copolymer of Styrene, Methylmethacrylate, and Acrylonitrile. Gig. Aspekty Okhr. Zdorov'ya Naseleniya, pp. 82-3 (1977) (Rus) 99 ------- APPENDICES ------- Appendix I Abstract Collections Manually Searched Source Period of Coverage Chemical Abstracts* (1930-1976) Biological Abstracts* . (1930-1970) Excerpta Medica* Physiology, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, (1965-1974) Toxicology Cancer (1953-1974) Public Health, Social Medicine, Hygiene (1955-1974) Clinical Biochemistry (1969-1974) Pharmacology and Toxicology (1969-1974) Occupational Health (1972-1975) Current Contents Life Sciences (Oct. 1979-Mar. 1980) (Apr. 1981-May 1981) Physical Sciences (Oct. 1979-Mar. 1980) (Apr. 1981-May 1981) Agriculture (Oct. 1979-Mar. 1980) (Apr. 1981-May 1981) Industrial Hygiene Digest (1943-1979) Index Medicus* (1930-1976) Toxicology Research Projects Directory (Oct. 1979-Mar. 1980) *Recent issues searched on-line. ------- Appendix II On-Line Databases Searched National Library of Medicine (MEDLARS) File Coverage Period of File + indicates that the database is continually updated. Chemline N/A Toxline 1974+ Toxback 1965-1973 Cancerlit Jan. 1963+ Cancerproj 1976-1978 Medline Jan. 1977+ Back 66 Jan. 1966-Dec. 1968 Back 69 Jan. 1969-Dec. 1971 Back 72 Jan. 1972-Dec. 1974 Back 75 Jan. 1975-Dec. 1976 SDILINE Present Month's Update Toxicology Data Bank N/A RTECS 1978 Edition Search Strategy (RN) 107-13^1 (TW) acrylon (TW) acrylonitrile (TW) carbacryl (TW) vinyl and cyanide (TW) cyanoethylene (TW) Fumigrain (TW) Miller's Fumigrain (TW) Miller's and Fumigrain (TW) propenenitrile (TW) VCN (TW) Ventrox (MH) Acrylonitrile (post 1977) All search statements were combined with the logical operator "or" before printout. ------- Appendix II On-Line Databases Searched (cont'd) Department of Energy (RECON) File Coverage Period of File + indicates that the database is continually updated. Water Resources Abstracts 1968+ Environmental Mutagen Information Center 1969+ Environmental Teratogen Information Center 1975+ Search Strategy IT=» acrylonitrile RN= 107-13-1 Chemical Information System* Structure and Nomenclature Search System (SANSS) (RN) 107-13-1 *Searched to obtain synonyms only National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health NIOSHTIC 1973+ + indicates that the database is continually updated. Search Strategy acrylonitrile 107-13-1 ------- Appendix II On-Line Databases Searched (cont'd) Lockheed Information Systems (DIALOG) File Coverage Period of File + indicates that the database is continually updated Agricola Air Pollution Technical Information Center Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts Biosis Previews Chemical Abstracts Search Commonwealth Agriculture Bureaux Abstracts Chemical Industry Notes Chemname Claims/Chem Comprehensive Dissertation Abstracts Conference Papers Index Current Research Information System EIS Industrial Plants Enviroline Environmental Periodicals Bibliography Excerpta Medica Food Science & Technology Abstracts GPO Monthly Catalog National Technical Information Service Oceanic Abstracts Pollution Abstracts PTS Funk and Scott Indexes PTS Federal Index PTS Promt PTS Annual Time Series PTS US Statistical Abstracts Rubber & Plastics Research Association Abstracts SciSearch Smithsonian Science Information Exchange Current Research Information System Compendex Inspec Metadex Pira Claims /U.S. Patent Claims/U.S. Patent Claims/Class Aug. 1971 + 1976-Sep. 1978 Jan. 1975+ 1969+ 1970+ Jan. 1973+ 1974+ N/A 1950-1970 1861 + 1973+ Jul. 1974+ N/A 1971+ 1973+ Jun. 1974+ 1969+ Jul. 1973+ 1964+ 1964+ 1970+ 1972+ Oct. 1976+ 1972+ Jul. 1971+ Jul. 1971+ 1972+ Jan. 1974+ Most Recent 2 Yrs. Jul. 1974+ 1970+ 1969+ 1966+ 1975+ Abstracts Weekly 1971 + Oct. 1975+ ------- Appendix II On-Line Databases Searched (cont'd) Lockheed Information Systems (DIALOG) Search Strategy acrylon acrylonitrile carb acryl vinyl cyanide vinyl(w)cyanide cy anoe thy 1 ene cyano (w)ethylene ENT 54 ENT(w)54 Fumigrain Miller's Fumigrain Miller's(w)Fumigrain propenetrile 2(w)propenenitrile TL 314 TL(w)314 VCN Ventox RN 107-13-1 used in appropriate files ------- Database Appendix II On-Line Databases Searched (cont'd) Systems Development Corporation (ORBIT) Coverage Period of File + indicates that the database is continually updated. Apilit 1974+ Apipat 1964+ Chemdex 1972+ Crecord 1976+ Fedreg Mar. 1977+ Libcon 1968+ Paperchem 1968+ P/E News 1975 Safety Science Jun. 1975+ Titus 1970+ World Patent Index 1963+ Search Strategy (RN)107-13-1 (in appropriate files) acryl on acrylonitrile carbacryl vinyl cyanide vinyl and cyanide cyanoethylene Fumigrain Miller's Fumigrain Miller's and Fumigrain propenenitrile VCN Ventox All search statements were combined with the logical operator "or" before printout. ------- |