EPA-570/9-79-011
ANALYSIS OF THE
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES (NAS)
RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS FOR
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE
SAFE DRINKING WATER ACT
APRIL 1978
FINAL REPORT
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DISCLAIMER
This report has been reviewed by the Office of Drinking Water,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and approved for publication.
Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the
views and policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, nor
does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute en-
dorsement or recommendation for use.
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EPA-570/9-79-011
April 1978
ANALYSIS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES (NAS)
RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SAFE DRINKING WATER ACT
by
D. Carstea, J. Cioffi and R. Holberger
METREK Division of The MITRE Corporation
1820 Dolley Madison Boulevard
McLean, Virginia 22102
Contract No. 68-0.1-4635
Project Officer
Charles I. Trichilo, Ph.D.
Criteria and Standards Division
Office of Drinking Water
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20460
Criteria and Standards Division
Office of Drinking Water
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, D.C. 20460
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ABSTRACT
The Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974 (Public Law 93-523) was
promulgated by the United States Congress to assure that the public
is provided with adequate quantities of safe drinking water that
meet minimum national standards for the protection of public health.
It authorized the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to estab-
lish these standards. At the request of EPA, the National Academy of
Sciences (NAS) undertook a study to determine, among others, the
maximum contaminant levels which should be recommended in order to
protect the public health and to identify any contaminants in drinking
water which may have potential adverse effects.
The purpose of this study is to review the NAS research recommen-
dations made in the recently concluded reports entitled Drinking
Water and Health; identify and classify the ongoing research which
addresses areas of NAS concern; and analyze and compare the NAS
recommendations with the ongoing research. This effort is intended
to assist the Office of Drinking Water in identifying gaps in research
areas as well as initiating the process for prioritizing research
needs. The NAS research recommendations were retrieved from both the
Summary Report and the Full Report (two volumes) published by the NAS.
The research recommendations made by the NAS concern five groups
of contaminants: organic solutes, inorganic solutes, microbiological
pollutants, particulates, and radioactive pollutants. For the purposes
of this study, the recommendations are classified into one of four
areas of research, namely: health effects, environmental transport,
measurement and monitoring, and control technology.
The ongoing research projects identified in this study are limited
to those retrieved by a Smithsonian Science Information Exchange Search
and those made accessible by the EPA. The applicable ongoing projects
are categorized according to the four major research areas and presented
in a set of matric'es. A supporting organization matrix is also pre-
sented. This matrix shows that the EPA is supporting the majority
of the identified projects in the drinking water area.
The descriptions of the ongoing research projects are directly
compared to the NAS research recommendations. The NAS recommendations
are listed in abstracted form for each contaminant, and the projects
relevant to each recommendation are indicated. Projects which do
not address the NAS recommendations are listed as: (1) projects re-
lating to areas of research not specifically recommended for the
contaminants listed in the NAS report; (2) projects addressing con-
taminants not listed in the NAS report; and (3) projects addressing
general topics within and among major groups of contaminants described
in the NAS report. The comparisons made between the NAS recommendations
iii
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and the ongoing research are synoptically illustrated in a set of
matrices. The projects which address an NAS research recommendation
are indicated by an assigned project number.
Different methods were utilized for summarizing the NAS research
recommendations presented in Chapter 4.0. For this reason, the number
of research recommendations given in Tables 4-1 through 4-7 may be
in disagreement with the number of abstracted recommendations given
in Chapter 4.0. No attempt was made to either increase or decrease
the number of NAS recommendations or the research efforts made by
the EPA and other agencies. However, it is recognized that in
attempting not to overlook any NAS research recommendations and using
the methodology and assumptions described in this report, the final
number of recommendations would tend to be higher than if other
methods were used. It also should be pointed out that the general
research recommendations made by the Academy are listed but are not
compared with ongoing research. Only the specific research recommen-
dations were compared with ongoing research projects.
This report covers a period from July, 1977 to September, 1977-
Work was completed as of September, 1977.
IV
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors gratefully acknowledge the continuous effort and
suggestions during the preparation and review of this document provided
by Drs. C. L. Trichilo and J. Cotruvo, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency. Mr. G. G. Robeck, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
provided the drinking water research project descriptions and the
authors extend him many sincere thanks.
Additional thanks are extended to Drs. B. Fuller and N. Zimmerman
and Ms. J. Hushon of METREK, a Division of The MITRE Corporation, for
their technical contribution to this document. The active contribution
during all facets of this endeavor by Drs. L. Thomas, M. Bracken, and
S. Lubore of METREK, a Division of The MITRE Corporation, are also
greatly appreciated. Special thanks are given to Ms. Karen Greenlee
for typing and organizing the document as well as preparing the index
of research recommendations, and to Ms. Pamela Miller for editing this
document.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES ' x
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1-1
1.1 Safe Drinking Water Act 1-1
1.2 Purpose and Objectives of This Study 1-3
2.0 THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES (NAS) RESEARCH 2-1
RECOMMENDATIONS
2.1 The National Academy of Sciences Report 2-1
2.2 Summary of NAS Research Recommendations 2-2
2.3 Presentation of the NAS Research Recommendations 2-11
(Verbatim)
2.3.1 General Recommendations 2-11
2.3.2 Organic Solutes 2-13
2.3.2.1 General Research Recommendations 2-13
2.3.2.2 Specific Research Recommendations 2-14
2.3.3 Inorganic Solutes 2-26
2.3.4 Microbiology of Drinking Water 2-38
2.3.5 Solid Particles in Suspension 2-40
2.3.6 Radioactivity in Drinking Water 2-42
3.0 IDENTIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF ONGOING RESEARCH 3-1
PROJECTS
3.1 Introduction 3-1
3.2 Matrices for Major Research Categories 3-3
3.3 Major Research Category Versus Major Contaminant 3-3
Group
3.4 Supporting Organizations Index 3-3
4.0 ANALYSIS OF NAS RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS AND ONGOING 4-1
RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
4.1 Introduction 4-1
4.2 Organic Solutes 4-3
4.2.1 Abstracted List of NAS Research Recommen- 4-3
dations on Organics
4.2.2 List of Organic Solutes for Which No Research 4-8
Recommendations are Made by the NAS
vii
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
4.2.3 Organic Solutes Not Listed in the NAS Report 4-9
Which May Have Relevancy to That Report
4.2.4 General Research Projects for Organic Solutes 4-11
4.3 Inorganic Solutes 4-12
4.3.1 Abstracted List of NAS Research Recommenda- 4-12
tions on Inorganics
4.3.2 List of Inorganic Solutes for Which No 4-18
Research Recommendations are Made by the NAS
4.3.3 Inorganic Solutes Not Listed in the NAS Report 4-18
Which May Have Relevancy to That Report
4.3.4 General Research Projects for Inorganic 4-19
Solutes
4.4 Microbiological Pollutants 4-19
4.4.1 Abstracted List of NAS Research Recommen- 4-19
dations on Microbiological Pollutants
4.4.2 Microbiological Pollutants Not Listed in the 4-20
NAS Report Which May Have Relevancy to That
Report
4.4.3 General Research Projects for Microbio- 4-20
logical Pollutants
4.5 Particulates 4-21
4.5.1 Abstracted List of NAS Research Recommen- 4-21
dations on Particulates
4.6 Comparison of NAS Research Recommendations with 4-22
Ongoing Research Recommendations on Radioactive
Pollutants
4.6.1 Abstracted List of NAS Research Recommen- 4-22
dations on Radioactive Pollutants
4.7 General Ongoing Research Projects 4-22
4.8 Comparison of NAS Research Recommendations with 4-23
Ongoing Research Projects
4.9 List of NAS Research Recommendations Which are Not 4-37
Being Addressed by Ongoing Research
5.0 INDEX OF RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS 5-1
5.1 Organic Solutes 5-1
5.2 Inorganic Solutes 5-5
5.3 Microbiological Pollutants 5-6
5.4 Particulates 5-6
5.5 Radioactive Pollutants 5-6
vi 11
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Concluded)
Page
6.0 REFERENCES 6-1
APPENDIX A Research Project Descriptions A-l
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LIST OF TABLES
Table Number Page
2-1 Summary of General Areas of Research 2-4
Recommendations for Different Groups of
Contaminants in Drinking Water
2-2 National Academy of Sciences Recommendations 2-5
for Further Research on Organic Solutes
in Drinking Water
2-3 National Academy of Sciences Recommendations 2-9
for Further Research on Inorganic Solutes
in Drinking Water
2-4 National Academy of Sciences Recommendations 2-10
for Further Research on Microbiological Pollu-
tants, Particulates, and Radioactive Pollu-
tants in Drinking Water
3-1 A Health Effects - Organic Solutes 3-4
3-1 B Health Effects - Inorganic Solutes 3-12
3-1 C Health Effects - Microbiological Pollutants 3-19
3-1 D Health Effects - Particulates 3-20
3-1 E Health Effects - Radioactive Pollutants 3-22
3-1 F Health Effects - General 3-23
3-2 Environmental Transport 3-26
3-3 A Measurement and Monitoring - Organic Solutes 3-30
3-3 B Measurement and Monitoring - Inorganic Solutes 3-38
3-3 C Measurement and Monitoring - Microbiological 3-42
Pollutants
3-3 D Measurement and Monitoring - Particulates 3-48
3-3 E Measurement and Monitoring - Radioactive 3-50
Pollutants
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LIST OF TABLES (Continued)
Table Number Page
3-3 F Measurement and Monitoring - General 3-51
3-4 A Control Technology - Organic Solutes 3-55
3-4 B Control Technology - Inorganic Solutes 3-60
3-4 C Control Technology - Microbiological Pollutants 3-62
3-4 D Control Technology - Particulates 3-66
3-4 E Control Technology - Radioactive Pollutants 3-67
3-4 F Control Technology - General 3-68
3-5 Summary of Ongoing Research Projects 3-72
3-6 Supporting Organizations for Ongoing Research 3-73
4-1 Comparison of NAS Research Recommendations 4-25
with Ongoing Research Projects - Organic
Solutes
4-2 Comparison of NAS Research Recommendations 4-29
with Ongoing Research Projects - Inorganic
Solutes
4-3 Comparison of NAS Research Recommendations 4-31
with Ongoing Research Projects - Micro-
biological Pollutants, Particulates,
Radioactive Pollutants
4-4 Summary of the NAS Research Recommendations 4-32
Which are Being Addressed by Ongoing Research
4-5 Number of NAS Research Recommendations and 4-34
the NAS Recommendations being Addressed by
Ongoing Research for Specific Organic Solutes
4-6 Number of NAS Research Recommendations and 4-35
the NAS Recommendations being Addressed by
Ongoing Research for Specific Inorganic
Solutes
xi
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LIST OF TABLES (Concluded)
Table Number
4-7 Number of NAS Research Recommendations and 4-36
the NAS Recommendations being Addressed by
Ongoing Research for Microbiological Pollu-
tants, Particulates, and Radioactive Pollutants
4-8 List of NAS Research Recommendations Which 4-38
are Not Being Addressed by Ongoing Research -
Organic Solutes -
4-9 List of NAS Research Recommendations Which 4-42
are Not Being Addressed by Ongoing Research -
Inorganic Solutes -
4-10 List of NAS Research Recommendations Which 4-45
are Not Being Addressed by Ongoing Research -
Microbiological Pollutants, Particulates,
and Radioactive Pollutants
XI1
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Safe Drinking Water"Act
The Safe Drinking Water Ac;t of 1974 (Public Law 93-523) was
designed to assure that the public is provided with adequate quanti-
ties of safe drinking water that meet minimum national public health
standards. Until passage of the Act, the federal government was
authorized to prescribe drinking water standards only for water sup-
plies used by interstate carriers, and they were enforceable only with
respect to contaminants capable of causing communicable diseases.
Public Law 93-523 authorized the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) to establish federal standards for protection from all harmful
contaminants and established a joint federal-state system for assuring
compliance with these standards and for protecting underground sources
of drinking water.
The Safe Drinking Water Act [Section 1412 (e) (1)] mandated a
National Academy of Sciences (NAS) Study. This legal mandate given
in an abridged form by the NAS in the Summary Report: Drinking Water
and Health (1977) (Appendix II) is as follows:
"l. The Administrator shall enter into appropriate arrangements
with the National Academy of Sciences (or with another
independent scientific organization if appropriate arrange-
ments cannot be made with such Academy) to conduct a study
to determine:
A. The maximum contaminant levels which should be recommended
in order to protect the health of persons from any known
or anticipated adverse effects, and
1-1
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B. The existence of any contaminants the levels of which
in drinking water cannot be determined but which may
have an adverse effect on the health of persons.
2. The result of the study shall be reported to Congress no
later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this title.
The report shall contain:
A. A summary and evaluation of relevant publications and
unpublished studies;
B. A statement of methodologies and assumptions for estimat-
ing the levels at which adverse health effects may
occur;
C. A statement of methodologies and assumptions for esti-
mating the margin of safety which should be incorporated
in the national primary drinking water regulations;
D. Proposals for recommended maximum contaminant levels for
national primary drinking water regulations;
E. A list of contaminants the level of which in drinking
water cannot be determined but which may have an adverse
effect on the health of persons; and
F. Recommended studies and test protocols for future research
on the health effects of drinking water contaminants,
including a list of the major research priorities and
estimated costs necessary to conduct such priority re-
search.
3. In developing its proposals for recommended maximum contam-
inants levels, the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) shall
evaluate and explain the impact of the following considerations;
A. The existence of groups or individuals in the population
which are more susceptible to adverse effects than the
normal healthy adult.
B. The exposure to contaminants in other media than drinking
water (including exposures in food, in the ambient air,
and in occupational settings) and the resulting body
burden of contaminants.
C. Synergistic effects resulting from exposure to or inter-
action by two or more contaminants.
1-2
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D. The contaminant exposure and body burden levels which
alter physiological function of structure in a manner
reasonably suspected of increasing the risk of illness.
4. In making the study under this subsection, the National
Academy of Sciences (or other organization) shall collect
and correlate:
A. Morbidity and mortality data and
B. Monitored data on the quality of drinking water. Any
conclusions based on such correlation shall be included
in the report of the study."
1.2 Purpose and Objectives of This Study
Based upon a review of the NAS research recommendations made in
the report entitled Drinking Water and Health (1977), the objectives
of this study are to:
1. Summarize the NAS research recommendations.
2. Identify and classify the ongoing research which addresses
those areas of NAS concern. (The ongoing research
projects are limited to those retrieved by a Smithsonian
Science Information Exchange Search and those made accessible
by the EPA.)
3. Analyze and compare the NAS research recommendations and the
ongoing research activities.
The approach used to achieve the above objectives is described
at the beginning of each chapter. The summarization of the NAS
research recommendations is presented in Chapter 2.0. The identifi-
cation and classification of ongoing research projects are presented
in Chapter 3.0. In Chapter 4.0, the analysis and comparison of the
NAS recommendations and ongoing research activities are given.
The order of discussing the five contaminant groups in the present
report is different than that used in the NAS report. The order
1-3
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in the NAS report was as follows: Microbiology of Drinking Water;
Solid Particles in Suspension; Inorganic Solutes; Organic Solutes;
and Radioactivity in Drinking Water. In contrast, this report
addresses the contaminant groups as follows: Organic Solutes; In-
organic Solutes; Microbiological Pollutants; Particulates; and Radio-
active Pollutants. It is believed that this change will have no
significant adverse impact on the emphasis placed upon these contami-
nants by the NAS. However, except for grouping the contaminants with
identical recommendations, the contaminants within each group were
generally addressed in the same order as that used by the NAS.
Furthermore, in order to facilitate the retrieval of information
about each contaminant, a guide index is provided (pages 5-1 - 5-6).
For easy reference, page numbers are given in this index for each
contaminant discussed in Chapters 2.0 and 4.0.
1-4
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2.0 THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES (NAS) RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS
2.1 The National Academy of Sciences Report
The body of the Report of the Safe Drinking Water Committee is
composed of six chapters: Safety and Extrapolation^ Microbiology
of Drinking Water, Solid Particles in Suspension, Inorganic Solutes,
Organic Solutes, and Radioactivity in Drinking Water. Historical
notes, appendices, and an executive summary comprise the remainder
of the report.
The contaminants selected for consideration in the report were
chosen on the basis of criteria that were specific to the contaminant
type. However, the criteria are not as clearly enumerated in some
cases as in others. In the case of the organic solutes, for example,
the criteria are quite clear, whereas the inorganic solutes seem to
have been chosen by some less defined criteria, probably past data and
the National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations.
The microbiological contaminants selected for consideration
were those for which there was epidemiological or clinical evidence
of transmission by drinking water. These include a variety of
bacteria, viruses, and protozoa.
Of the 309 volatile organic compounds so far identified in drink-
ing water, 74 were selected for detailed study along with 55 pesti-
cides. A compound was selected for consideration if any of the
following criteria applied:
2-1
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1. Experimental evidence of toxicity in man or animals, in-
cluding carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, teratogenicity.
2. Identified in drinking water at relatively high concentration.
3. Molecular structure closely related to that of another com-
pound of known toxicity.
4. Pesticide in heavy use; potential contaminant of drinking
water supplies.
5. Listed in the Safe Drinking Water Act or National Interim
Primary Drinking Water Regulations.
The only specific particulate contaminant that was considered
was asbestos, although factors such as turbidity and the adsorption
of other contaminants (such as organic solutes) to particulates were
studied. The basis for this consideration was the increased inci-
dence of cancer association with inhaled asbestos-laden air.
The radioactive contaminants chosen for study by the Committee
were those that are commonly found in drinking water. They include
beta emitters such as potassium-40, alpha emitters such as radium-226,
and the daughter radionuclides of naturally occurring contaminants.
2.2 Summary of NAS Research Recommendations
Throughout the text and various summaries of the Committee's
report, there are many areas that are recommended for future research.
However, it was possible to group the recommendations under four major
topic headings, and to utilize a matrix to delineate, as well as to
summarize, the specific areas of research needing further investigation
The four major areas of research that were recommended for further
study include health effects, environmental transport, measurement
2-2
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and monitoring, and control technology development. The types of
research recommendations expected to be included in each of these
areas are outlined below:
• Health effects recommendations include those concerned with
acute and chronic toxicity, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity,
teratogenicity, epidemiology, metabolism and fate of con-
taminants, and the synergistic/antagonistic effects of
contaminants.
• Environmental transport studies include research and
development activities necessary to provide information for
an understanding of pollutant transport, conversion, and
fate in air, water, and land.
• Measurement and monitoring recommendations include research
required for baseline and developmental studies and all
monitoring activities including biological screening associ-
ated with these efforts. This category also includes work
to ensure availability and accuracy of measurement tools
and procedures for research and monitoring operations.
• Control technology development studies include the research
recommendations dealing with those processes necessary to
produce safe drinking water. These may include, among others,
coagulation, filtration and disinfection processes.
The present effort summarizes the NAS recommendations which are
concerned with future research on the health effects of drinking
water contaminants. These recommendations were required by Section
1412(e)(2)(F) of the Safe Drinking Water Act (PL 93-523).
A matrix summarizing the general areas of research is presented
in Table 2-1. A set of three matrices, which are presented in Tables
2-2, 2-3, and 2-4, was prepared by major contaminant groups as follows:
(1) organic solutes; (2) inorganic solutes; and (3) microbiological
pollutants, particulates, and radioactive pollutants.
2-3
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TABLE 2-1
SUMMARY OF GENERAL AREAS OF RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS
FOR DIFFERENT GROUPS OF CONTAMINANTS IN DRINKING WATER
CATEGORIES
ORGANIC
SOLUTES
INORGANIC
SOLUTES
MICROBIOLOGICAL
POLLUTANTS
PARTI CULATES
RADIOACTIVE
POLLUTANTS
RESEARCH CATEGORIES
HEALTH
EFFECTS
x1
x1
X
X
ENVIRONMENTAL
TRANSPORT
x2
2
X
X '•
MEASUREMENT
AND
MONITORING
x2
x1
X
X
X
CONTROL
TECHNOLOGY
DEVELOPMENT
x2
x2
X
X
ro
I
X = Research recommendations were made by the NAS.
Over 50% of contaminants involved. (See following matrices.)
2
Less than 10% of contaminants involved. (See following matrices.)
Note: A blank space in the matrix indicates that specific research recommendations were not
made by the NAS. It does not signify that research may not be needed.
Source: Compiled from the National Academy of Sciences, 1977. Drinking Water and Health.
Washington, B.C.
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TABLE 2-2
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH ON ORGANIC SOLUTES IN DRINKING WATER
Contaminant
Herbicides
Insecticides
Fungicides
Pumifant
Other
Organic
Constituents
2,4-D
2,4,5-T
TCDD
2,4,5-TP
MCPfi.
Amiben
Dicamba
1
Acetanilides
Propanil
2
Triazines
Broraaeil
Paraquat
3
Dinitro anilines
Acrolein
4
Dieldrin, Heptachlor, Chlordane
6
Aldrin, Endrin, Hep_tachlor epoxide
4
'DDT, DDE
Methoxychlor
4
BHC isoraers
4
Kepone
Toxaphene
Azinphosmethyl
Diazinon
Phorate and Disulfoton
Malathion
Methyl parathion
Methomyl
Aldicarb
Carbaryl
4 5
Dithiocarbamat.es '
Captan and Folpet
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB)
(PCNB) Pentachloronitrobenzene
p-Dichlorobenzene (PDB)
Acetaldehyde
Benzene
4
Benzo(a)pyrene
Bromobenzene
Bromoform
t-Butyl alcohol
Caprolactam
Health Effects
Toxlcity
General
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Acute
X
X
X
Chronic
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Carcino-
genicity
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Muta-
genicity
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Terato-
genicity
X
X
X
X
i
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
ix
X
t,
i;X
Epidemi-
ology
!
X
Metab-
olism
and
Fate
X
X
X
X
X
X
Syner-
gistic/
Antago-
nistic
Effects
Environ-
mental
Trans-
port
X
X
X
X
X
X
Measurement
and Monitoring
Sample
Collec-
tion and
Analysis
Moni-
toring
X
X
Control
Techholop:y
Development
TABLE 2-2
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER
RESEARCH ON ORGANIC SOLUTES
IN DRINKING WATER
2-5
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TABLE 2-2 (CONCLUDED)
Contaminant
Other
Organic
Constituents
Carbon disulfide
4
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloral
Chlorobenzene
4
i>is[2-Chloroethj;l) ether
4
Chloroform
Cyanogen chloride
Di-n-butyl phthalate
1^2-Dichloroethane
2,4-Dichlorophenol
Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthlate
2 , 4-Dimethylphenol
Diphenylhydrazine
Hexachl or oe thane
Hexachlorophehe (HCP)
o-Hethoxyphenol
Methyl chloride
Methylene chloride
Methyl methacrylate
Nicotine
Pentachlorophenol (PCP)
Phenylacetic acid
Phthalic anhydride
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
Propylbenzene
Styrene
1,1,1,2 -Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
Trichlorobenzene
1,1,2 -Tr ichloroet hane
Trichloroethylene
Trichlorofluoromethane
Vinyl chloride
Xylene
Health Effects
Toxicity
General
X
Acute
Chronic
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Carcino-
genicity
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Muta-
genlclty
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Terato-
geniclty
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Epidemi-
ology
X
Metab-
olism
and
Fate
X
Syner-
gistic/
Antago-
nistic
Effects
Environ-
mental
Trans-
port
Measurement
and Monitoring
Sample
Collec-
tion and
Analysis
X
1
Moni-
toring
X
Control
Technology
Development
X
An asterisk indicates research projects which do not address an NAS recommendation.
Numbers without asterisks indicate research projects which do address an NAS recommendation.
An X indicates that none of the ongoing research addresses the recommendation made by NAS.
1
The Acetanilids considered here are Alachlor, Butachlor, and Propachlor.
2
The Triazines considered here are Altrazine, Simazine, Propazine, and Cyanazine.
3
The Dinitroanilines considered here are Trifluralin, Nitralin, and Benefin.
4
In view of existing data, and taking into account the risk estimates, it is suggested that very strict criteria be applied when establishing limits for Dieldrin, Heptachlor, Chlor-
dane, DDT, DDE, BHC isomers, Kepone, ETC (a decomposition product of the Dithiocarbamates), Benzo(a)pyrene, Carbon tetrachloride, bis(2-Chloroethyl) ether, and chloroform in
drinking water.
5
The Dithiocarbamates considered here are Ferbam, Maneb, Zineb, Thiram and Ziram (and ETU).
6
The X under General Toxicity for Aldrin, Endrin and Heptachlor epoxide is applicable only to Aldrin and Heptachlor.
Source: Compiled from the National Academy of Sciences, 1977. Drinking Water and Health. Washington, D.C.
TABLE 2-2 (CONCLUDED)
2-7
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TABLE 2 -3
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH ON INORGANIC bOLUTES IN DRINKING WATER
Contaminant
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
Cobalt
Copper
Lead
Manganese
Magnesium
Mercury
Molybdenum
Nickel
Silver
Tin
Vanadium
Zinc
Sodium
Arsenic
Selenium
Fluoride
Nitrate
Sulfate
Water
Hardness
Health Effects
Toxicity
General
X
X
X
Acute
Chronic
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Carcino-
genicity
X
X
X
Muta-
genicity
X
X
Terato-
genicity
X
X
X
Epidemi-
ology
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Metab-
olism
and
Fate
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Syner-
gistic/
Antago-
nistic
Effects
X
X
X
X
X
Environ-
mental
Trans-
port
X
X
Measurement & Monitoring
Sample
Collection
and
Analysis
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Monitoring
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Control
Technology
Development
X
X
X
Complete recommendations are listed on the followlne oaee.s.
X = Research recommendations were made by the NAS.
A blank space in the matrix Indicates tliat specific research recommendations were not made by the NAS. It does not signify that research may not be needed.
Source: Compiled from the National Academy of Sciences, 1977. Drinking Water and Health. Washington. D.C.
-------
TABLE 2-4
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH ON MICROBIOLOGICAL
POLLUTANTS, PARTICULATES, AND RADIOACTIVE POLLUTANTS IN DRINKING WATER
Contaminant
MICROBIOLOGI-
CAL POLLUTANT!
Bacteria
Viruses
Pathogenic
Parasites
PARTICULATES
Clays and
general
part iculate
matter
Asbestos
and
fibrous
ma t e r i al 8
RADIOACTIVE
POLLUTANTS
Health Effects
Toxicity
General
X
X
X
Acute
X
Chronic
Carcino-
j^enicity
Muta-
genicity
Terato-
genicity
Epidemi-
ology
X
X
Metab-
and
Fate
X
Syner-
gistic/
nistlc
Effects
X
X
Environ-
Trans-
port
Measurement & Monitoring
Sample
and
Analysis
X
X
X
X
X
Monitoring
X
X
Technology
Development
X
X
X
X
—
Complete recommendations are listed on the following pages.
X = Research recommendations were made by the NAS.
A blank space in the matrix indicates that specific research recommendations were not made by the NAS. It does not signify that research may not be needed.
Source: Compiled from the National Academy of Sciences, 1977. Drinking Hater and Health. Washington, D.C.
-------
Since all the details of the NAS recommendations cannot be
incorporated in the matrices, the textual material should also be
examined in order to obtain a complete picture of the recommendations.
The recommendations made by the NAS were, therefore, retrieved from
the Summary Report and from the individual sections, chapters and
executive summary of the two-volume report entitled Drinking Water and
Health. They are enumerated without change, in order to avoid any con-
fusion or distortion of the original meaning attached to them by the
authors of the report.
2.3 Presentation of the NAS Research Recommendations (Verbatim)
2.3.1 General Recommendations
"Research must be supported to develop an understanding of the
mechanisms by which water pollutants produce toxic effects. This
includes pharmacokinetics, toxication-detoxication mechanisms and
biochemical and pathological mechanisms of action.
"Estimates of margin of safety can be made more precisely and
rationally as more is known about what happens to a chemical in the
body and what the chemical or its metabolites do to the body. The
results of such research also are necessary to develop rapid,
inexpensive, accurate screening tests for various critical forms
of toxicity.
"It is recognized that much of this research is going on, but
the Committee is convinced that more must be done. In protecting
the population of the United States from environmental pollution there
is no more important or potentially productive effort than the support
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of this kind of research. Since many of these studies are long-term
in nature and must be closely coupled to basic biomedical research,
they should be supported primarily by research rather than regulatory
agencies.
"There are many research needs in the field of chronic disease
epidemiology. Manpower is in critically short supply. There are
critical problems of data resources.
"Research on statistical methods and mathematical models for
estimating low dose effects should be encouraged. Statistical work
is practically nonexistent for effects other than carcinogenesis.
Although a considerable effort has been expended on dose-response
estimation for carcinogenesis, very little has been done on species
variability and susceptible subgroups. This area could at least be
studied from an empirical standpoint so that there would be a better
understanding of the precision of low dose risk estimates."
"These recommendations are summarized below:
1. Studies of the physiological and biochemical mechanisms
by which the toxic substances in water produce their effects.
2. Development of rapid, inexpensive, and precise tests to
identify substances that may produce important toxic effects
at low doses and dose rates.
3. Epidemiological studies of chronic disease.
4. Research on statistical methods and analytical models for
describing and estimating the effects of long exposure to
low doses of toxic substances. Studies should not be limited
to carcinogenesis and should consider, also, differences
between species, and particularly sensitive subgroups in the
population."
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2.3.2 Organic Solutes
2.3.2.1 General Research Recommendations
"1. Because great uncertainty exists in connection with extrapo-
lation of data from the present cancer bioassays, better
premises and methodologies are needed to establish the
extent to which humans are at risk from the low level
exposures to organic substances in water. There is a need
to know the extent to which low level exposure to a presumed
carcinogen does in fact increase the probability of cancer
during the lifetime of an individual.
It is recommended that work be done to better characterize
current animal models and also develop new ones. Studies
on the comparative metabolism between laboratory animals
and man are urgently needed. It is necessary to know,
for example, if a laboratory animal metabolizes a test
compound in the same manner and rate as man. Better muta-
genicity bioassays using mammalian cells should be developed.
More work is needed in the area of interactions and syner-
gism which these assay systems could more easily accommo-
date.
2. Organic material in water is thought by many to be respon-
sible for contributing the initial reactants for many
potentially harmful contaminants. To this end total organic
carbon (TOG) in drinking water supplies must be better
characterized and more extensively determined. Because
many halogenated compounds are formed by chlorination of
naturally occurring organic substances, research on methods
for destruction or removal of organic precursors of halogen-
ated compounds prior to chlorination would lead to reduc-
tion in chlorinated products and their accompanying health
hazards.
3. Epidemiologic studies to obtain quantitative measures of
association between the frequency of malignant disease in
humans and exposure to specific organic compounds found in
drinking water are needed. In particular, ways are needed
to develop useful epidemiologic data from examination of
small populations of individuals occupationally exposed to
drinking water contaminants. A major effort now needs to
be directed at determining the health status of workers in
industries where there is occupational exposure to compounds
identified as animal carcinogens.
2-13
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More accurate record keeping, a national death index, and
more reliable analytical methods to monitor environmental
exposure are needed.
4. There is a need for more and better toxicological data, on
compounds which could not be evaluated at this time,
especially creosote, methyl parathion, and acrolein all of
which are high use pesticides. Data are needed in the area
of low level, chronic (life time) exposures. Studies should
include exposure to formulated products (i.e., mixtures)
as well as pure compounds.
5. There should be a periodic reevaluation by newer, more
sensitive and more predictive methodologies of those
pesticides used in large volume.
2.3.2.2 Specific Research Recommendations
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D)
"There are substantial disagreements in the results of subchronic
and chronic toxicity studies with 2,4-D, perhaps reflecting the use
of different formulations or preparations. In view of these defi-
ciencies and the variability of the results, additional, properly
constituted toxicity studies should be undertaken."
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4,5-T)
"There are substantial differences in the reported toxicity of
2,4,5-T, probably because of varying degrees of contamination with
TCDD (2,3,7,8-tetrachlordibenzo-p-dioxin). A number of subchronic,
carcinogenicity, etc., studies should be repeated with 2,4,5-T of
very high purity. Apparently, no adequate 2-year chronic-toxicity
studies have been conducted with 2,4,5-T, and 2-year feeding studies
are needed. The data available are largely from relatively
2-14
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short-term exposure experiments; these data, however, are fairly
consistent. An exception is the Russian study in rats which reported
toxic effects in mothers and their pups at extremely low maternal
doses of 2,4,5-T butyl ester and a no-adverse effect dosage only
one-thousandth as high as that found by other investigators. The
2,4,5-T butyl ester used by the Russian worker may have been heavily
contaminated with TCDD, but the reason for this large discrepancy
is still unexplained and should be resolved."
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxypropionic Acid (2,4,5-TP)
"Further studies on 2,4,5-TP are also needed, to determine
whether the observed toxicity and teratogenicity are intrinsic in the
herbicide or are due to contamination with TCDD.
"There appears to be a complete lack of data on human toxicity
related to either herbicide."
2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid (MCPA)
"There is considerable variation in the no-adverse effect and
minimal-toxic-effect dosages found in the various subchronic-toxicity
experiments with MCPA. The reasons for these differences are not
apparent, and further work is needed to resolve them. There have
been no 2-year chronic-toxicity tests with MCPA, and such studies
should be undertaken. Moreover, very little is known about the re-
productive, mutagenic, and carcinogenic properties of MCPA.
2-15
-------
Additional research is needed, particularly in view of the reported
weak mutagenic activity of MCPA."
Amiben
"The available data on amiben are very sparse. Much additional
information is needed regarding its chronic toxicity, teratogenicity,
and carcinogenicity-before approval limits can be confidently set.
It is possible that many pertinent studies have been conducted by
the manufacturer and could be made available for evaluation."
Dicamba
"Additional studies are needed to clarify the finding of toxicity
in subchronic experiments on various strains of rats in the absence
of adverse effects in rats fed higher dicamba concentrations over a
2-year period. Because toxicity was not observed in chronic toxicity
studies in dogs, additional chronic studies should be conducted at
higher dosages, to establish a minimal-toxic-effect dosage."
Acetanilides (Alachlor, Butachlor and Propachlor)
"Apparently no long-term toxicity studies have been completed
that would contribute information on reproductive effects or carcino-
genic potential of these acetanilides or their degradation products,
which include aniline derivatives. These studies are needed."
Dinitroanilines (Trifluralin, Nitralin, and Benefin)
"In light of the recent report of benzimidazole metabolites
from dinitroanilines and the vintage of in vivo metabolic studies,
there is a need for additional studies on the metabolism of these
2-16
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compounds in mammalian systems. The toxicology of metabolites should
be investigated. As new compounds are introduced for development,
chronic toxicologic studies should be done, to be sure that no anomalous
effect will be observed from them that could not have been predicted
from previous work with trifluralin, benefin, and nitralin. Additional
studies on the possiblity of teratogenic effects of dinitroanilines
need to be conducted."
Acrolein, Bromoform, t-Butyl alcohol, Caprolactam, Carbon iisul-
fide, Chloral, Chlorobenzene, Cyanogen chloride, 2,4-Dichloro-
phenol, Diphenylhydrazine, Hexachloroethane, o-Methoxyphenol,
Methyl chloride, Methylene chloride, Nicotine, Phenylacetic
acid, Phthalic anhydride, Propylbenzene, 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloro-
ethane, Tetrachloroethylene, Toluene, Trichlorobenzene, 1,1,2-
Trichloroethane, Trichlorofluoromethane, and Xylene
"In view of the relative paucity of data on the mutagenicity,
carcinogenicity, teratogenicity and long-term oral toxicity of the
above compounds, estimates of the effects of chronic oral exposure at
low levels cannot be made with any confidence. It is recommended
that studies to produce such information be conducted before limits
in drinking water can be established."
Cyclodiene Insecticides (Aldrin, Endrin, Heptachlor Epoxide)
"Before limits for aldrin, endrin and heptachlor epoxide in
drinking water can be established, more toxicological data must be
gathered and evaluated."
Kepone
"Apparently, little is known about the pharmacokinetics of kepone
and its mechanisms of toxicity. There is a pressing need for
2-17
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systematic investigation of the absorption, distribution, biotrans-
formation, and excretion of kepone in humans and experimental animals,
to gain an understanding of its toxicity and to provide a basis for
rational therapy.
"There is also very little information on the environmental
transport mechanisms of kepone and its degradation products, its
persistence, and its degradation in soil."
Azinphosmethyl
"There is a pressing need for studies on the metabolism of
azinphosmethyl in mammalian systems. It is difficult to understand
how a compound could have come to be so extensively used when so
little is known of its fate in mammalian systems, as well as soil and
the environment.
"Studies on the potential of azinphosmethyl for mutagenicity,
teratogenicity, and carcinogenicity need to be conducted. There is
almost nothing in the literature on the behavior of this compound
in these respects.
"Data on the behavior of azinphosmethyl in water and the likeli-
hood of its appearing in drinking water are needed. Studies on its
environmental transport would also be useful in this respect."
Diazinon
"There is little information available on the actual presence
or absence of diazinon on drinking water or the sources of drinking
2-18
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water. Studies on the environmental transport and persistence of
diazinon would be useful in this respect."
Phorate and Disulfoton
"Phorate and disulfoton are converted in the environment and in
mammalian systems to a series of highly toxic oxidative metabolites,
which are known to be more potent cholinesterase inhibitors than the
parent compounds. These materials must be considered when evaluating
the toxicity of phorate and disulfoton. Therefore, it is proposed
that the derived no-adverse effect dosages of these compounds be
considered to include their oxidative metabolites as well.
"The most obvious research need for both these compounds is
studies on chronic toxicity, including carcinogenicity and terato-
genicity. Some of these studies may have been done by the manufac-
turers; if so, they should be made generally available to assist in
the evaluation of toxicology by the scientific community.
"There is also a need for corroboration of the no-adverse effect
cholinesterase-inhibition dosage in human subjects in a controlled
study with at least two dosages. This would allow the extrapolation
of a no-adverse effect dosage with a higher degree of confidence and
a lower uncertainty factor."
Malathion
"Additional chronic toxicity data are needed for malathion, with
particular concentration on long-term feeding studies in which
2-19
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teratogenicity, mutagenicity, and carcinogenicity are evaluated. Of
particular importance would be a good study of the metabolism and
persistence of malathion in water. In view of the extent of past
use of malathion, continued monitoring of its presence in food
materials and water is necessary."
Parathion and Methyl Parathion
"The obvious scarcity of data on the toxicity of methyl parathion
indicates a pressing need for research. It appears that the assump-
tion has been made that methyl parathion is toxicologically the same
as parathion and that extrapolations have been made from parathion
toxicology to methyl parathion. The data on teratogenic effects of
methyl parathion, however, indicate that this is not an acceptable
procedure in this case.
"Furthermore, in the last several years, methyl parathion has
greatly surpassed parathion in total volume of use, making the need
for specific data on methyl parathion even more pressing. The first
priority in developing new information must be on the possiblity of
teratological effects of methyl parathion."
Methomyl and Aldicarb
"It is recommended that chronic oral exposure studies of methomyl
at low levels be conducted before limits in drinking water can be
established. The behavior of either compound in water and the possi-
bility of their appearing in drinking water is not understood and
should be the subject of high priority research. Effects in humans
2-20
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have not been well-documented and efforts should be made in this
direction."
Carbaryl
"There are no pressing research needs with respect to carbaryl.
Continued monitoring of the presence and amounts of carbaryl in food
and water will be necessary."
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB)
"There are a number of puzzling differences in the highest no-
effect and lowest-minimal-toxic-effect dosages found for HCB in rats.
These differences may be the results of using different rat strains
or different HCB formulations in the various studies. They may also
result from the use of HCB of uncertain purity. The source of the
observed variations should be established. No subchronic- or chronic-
toxicity studies have been conducted with HCB in mammalian species
other than rats. It is especially important to conduct 2-year feeding
experiments and carcinogenicity studies with HCB in two species,
because HCB has been found to be extremely toxic on long-term exposure
and is on the list of suspected carcinogens."
Pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB)
"Most of the subchronic- and chronic-toxicity studies on PCNB
have used technical-grade material, which normally contains about
1.8% HCB, but in some cases as much as 11% HCB. It is therefore not
clear whether HCB and other impurities significantly contribute to
the observed toxicty of PCNB. Moreover, some of the studies have
2-21
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involved PCNB formulations containing relatively low concentrations
of the fungicide. The subchronic and chronic studies, particularly
the latter, should be repeated in two species with pure PCNB. Such
studies are particularly warranted, because of the suspected carcino-
genicity of PCNB. Additional long-term oncogenic studies should also
be conducted in susceptible strains of mice and other experimental
animals. In addition, the FAO/WHO has recommended further short-
term studies to elucidate the difference in teratogenic activity
between rats and mice; studies to explain the effects on the liver
and bone marrow of dogs; and further studies on the toxicity of PCNB
metabolites."
p-Dichlorobenzene (PDB)
"Apparently, no chronic-toxicity studies have been performed with
PDB. There is no information on the reproductive effects, teratogen-
icity, mutagenicity, or carcinogenicity of PDB. This lack of infor-
mation is disturbing, in view of the suspected role of PDB in human
leukemia and its apparent ability to undergo metabolic activation
and covalent binding to tissue constituents. Particularly disturbing
is the very high degree of toxicity in rats that received p-dichloro-
benzene at 0.1 or 0.01 mg/kg per day. The no-adverse effect dosage
in that study (0.001 mg/kg per day) was 1/13,400 of that found in
other similar rat studies. The reason for this marked difference
should be established."
2-22
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Benzene
"There is no adequate source of data (animal or human) on which
to base a statistical extrapolation from high to low exposure. More
data are needed on the mutagenicity and teratogenicity of benzene.
The carcinogenic effect of benzene should be further explored. If
data are available on industrial benzene exposure, then systematic
monitoring should be started with a view to following the population
groups at risk.
"Before limits for benzene in drinking water can be established
more extensive toxicological data must be gathered and evaluated."
Bromobenzene
"In view of the relative paucity of data on the carcinogenicity,
teratogenicity and long term oral toxicity of bromobenzene, estimates
of the effects of chronic oral exposure at low levels cannot be made
with any confidence. It is recommended that studies to produce such
information be conducted before limits in drinking water can be
established."
1,2-Dichloroethane
"In view of the relative paucity of data on teratogenicity,
carcinogenicity and long term oral toxicity of 1,2-dichloroethane,
estimates of the effects of chronic oral exposure at low levels
cannot be made with any confidence. It is recommended that studies
to produce such information be conducted before final limits in
drinking water can be established."
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2,4-Dimethylphenol
"2,4-Dimethylphenol appears to be a topical cocarcinogen, but
its role as a primary cancer-producing agent is uncertain. Its
potential role in cancer production warrants consideration of further
testing. An _in vitro mutagenicity assay should be carried out to
further evaluate its mutagenic potential.
"In view of the relative paucity of data on the mutagenicity,
carcinogenicity, teratogenicity and long term oral toxicity of
2,4-dimethylphenol, estimates of the effects of chronic oral exposure
at low levels cannot be made with any confidence. It is recommended
that studies to produce such information be conducted before limits
in drinking water can be established."
Hexachlorophene (HCP)
"Hexachlorophene does not appear to be an active carcinogen or
teratogen, although long-term chronic-toxicity studies integrating
carcinogenicity and target organ toxicity are recommended, to
assemble more data. Since there are no reported two-year chronic
toxicity studies with HCP, it is suggested that such studies be
undertaken before a final assessment of the long-term hazards of
HCP exposure can be made."
Pentachlorophenol (PGP)
"There are substantial disagreements in the results of several
of the subacute and chronic toxicity experiments with PCP, perhaps
because of the use of inadequately characterized PCP preparations
2-24
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in these studies. In addition, two-year chronic toxicity experiments
in one or more species have not yet been conducted with this exten-
sively used chemical. There is also a need for adequate reproductive
studies and a determination of the carcinogenic potential of this
chemical."
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)
"Although there are considerable data on toxicity of mixtures
of PCBs, there is a paucity of data on the pure congeners present in
these mixtures. Whether chronic toxicity is related to the metabolism
of the PCBs and their intermediates or to the highly chlorinated
stored PCBs remains to be determined. Considerably more attention
must be directed to the detection of impurities in PCBs at very low
concentrations. Polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) may constitute
only one of several significant contaminating compounds responsible
for PCB toxicity. Populations at special risk—both the industrially
exposed and those heavily exposed by the ingestion of contaminated
foods—should be carefully evaluated. So far, the Japanese have
performed the only significant studies on exposed populations.
"Despite the current lack of evidence in the United States that
dietary PCBs have any deleterious effects on health, there is a
growing concern with long-range effects of the contamination of our
ecosystem with these chemicals. There is an urgent need for epide-
miologic studies of exposed populations, more precise identification
of all sources of PCB contamination, and efforts directed at the
2-25
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control of disposal of PCBs. Because of the demonstrated carcino-
genic potential, studies on individual congeners, both those metabo-
lized and those stored by man, are urgent."
TCDD, Propanil, Triazines, Bromacil, Paraquat, DDT and DDE,
Methoxychlor, BHC isomers, Toxaphene, Dithiocarbamates, Captan
and Folpet, Acetaldehyde, Benzo(a)pyrene, Carbon tetrachloride,
bis(2-Chloroethyl) ether, Chloroform, Di-n-butyl phthalate,
Di(2-Ethylhexyl) phthalate, Styrene, Trichloroethylene, Chlordane,
Heptachlor, Dieldrin, Vinyl chloride and Methyl methacrylate
No research recommendations were made.
2.3.3 Inorganic Solutes
Barium
"Animal studies should be undertaken to determine the toxic
effects of long-term ingestion of barium at low concentrations."
Beryllium
"Because of the strong association of beryllium with cancer in
animals, a continuing effort should be made to study, both through
epidemiology and chronic low level feeding studies, the toxicology of
beryllium.
"Additional studies of the frequency of occurrence and concen-
tration levels of beryllium in natural waters are needed to determine
the extent to which it presents a hazard to health"
Cadmium
"There should be a comparison of the intakes of cadmium in various
industrial and geographic regions and an attempt to correlate them with
specific diseases. These kinds of correlations should also be done
on autopsy samples. There is a need to analyze, particularly in soft
2-26
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water areas, the accumulation of cadmium in drinking water at the tap.
There is also a need for certified reference samples, such as the NBS
bovine liver and orchard leaves. Interlaboratory comparisons, exchange
of standards, and establishment of a reference method are also
warranted. The possible effect of cadmium on vitamin D metabolism
needs investigation. The available data do not suggest any need to
change the present drinking water standard of 10 fig/liter although
there is a clear need for data on soft-aggressive water areas."
Chromium
"The NAS chromium report offered recommendations for research.
These were among the most pressing:
1. At present, only two analytic techniques can be successfully
used for accurate quantitative determination of chromium
at the low concentrations that exist in many environmental
media, especially in plant and animal tissue-neutron activa-
tion and shielded-arc emission spectrography. Both methods
are expensive and time-consuming and require considerable
experience and thus are not applicable to large-scale
environmental studies. Laboratory research, using the latest
analytic instrumentation, is needed for the development of
sensitive, accurate, and precise methods for the analysis
of chromium that could be used by most laboratory investi-
gators. . .
2. Accurate background information on normal concentrations
of chromium in various media is necessary for predicting
trends.
3. The potential toxicity of chromium depends on its valence
state. There are no techniques for estimating the concen-
tration of chromium in relation to its valence state,
especially in animal and plant tissue. Data of this type
also would be extremely useful for understanding the
biological function and availability of chromium...
2-27
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4. Research is needed to ascertain the relation between expo-
sure to airborne chromium and chromium concentrations in
urine, blood, and other biologic media, such as hair. If
any relation is demonstrated, biologic standards for exposure
may become possible.
"More information is needed on the carcinogenic potential of
ingested chromium (VI) and chromium (III). If it becomes clear that
highly toxic or carcinogenic effects occur only with chromium (VI)
and a suitably sensitive analytical technique is available, then the
standard might be set for chromium (VI) alone. In view of the U.S.
trend toward dietary chromium deficiency and the suggestion that
chromium protects against atherosclerosis, it seems advisable to
investigate whether greater allowed concentrations are without
adverse health effects, as some animal experiments suggest.
"The present interim drinking water standard of 0.05 mg/liter
is less than the no-observed-adverse-health-effect level. Consider-
ation should be given to setting the chromium limit in terms of the
hexavalent form. Extensive work is urgently needed to establish the
role of dietary chromium with regard to atherosclerosis and glucose
metabolism as well as its possible carcinogenic effects at low levels
in life time feeding studies."
Lead
"If one uses the critical toxic effect approach to preventive
medicine, then a water lead content of 100 fig/liter at the house-
hold tap is probably not acceptable. The critical toxic effect
is defined as the most sensitive and specific biological change
2-28
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which is outside of acceptable physiological variation. Preliminary
data suggest that the present limit of 50 (jLg/liter may not, in
view of other sources of environmental exposure, provide a sufficient
margin of safety, particularly for fetuses and young growing chil-
dren. Although further studies will be necessary to arrive at a
reasonable limit, it is suggested that the limit be lowered. This
recommendation is made with the assumption that analytical method-
ology will be sufficient to detect this value above background.
1. A further elucidation of the neurochemical disturbance caused
by lead is a basic research need, which should be worked out
in appropriate animal models and followed with confirmatory
clinical and epidemiologic studies, where possible. Much
experimental evidence points to significant interactions
between lead, copper, zinc, iron, calcium, and magnesium.
These interactions are high-priority items, although their
significance may pertain more to nutrition and genetic
susceptibility than to drinking water itself.
2. Definitive studies in soft-water areas in relation to the
influence of lead contents in the distribution system and
measures for its control deserve the highest priority,
insofar as drinking-water is concerned.
3. The question of whether or not lead can be alkylated by
aquatic organisms in relation to drinking water deserves
high priority.
4. There are no data on illness of human infants between birth
and 1 year of age as related to lead. Dose-response data
for this group, as well as for pregnant women, are urgently
needed, to provide a base for estimating overall safe levels
of lead exposure for these highly susceptible population
groups. Dose-response data are also needed throughout the
preschool years; there are very few data that satisfy both
epidemiologic and toxicologic criteria for dose-response
data in this group.
2-29
-------
5. The needed data depend heavily on the availability of
precise and accurate analytical measurements. Substantial
improvement in methods are needed. Electrochemical approaches
appear to be the most promising in this regard, including
anodic stripping voltammetry and differential pulse
polarography.
6. The interactions between lead, copper, zinc, iron, calcium,
and magnesium should be studied."
Manganese
"The NAS manganese report suggested several research priorities
for gaining a better understanding of manganese toxicity. Some of
the questions which need answers include the following:
1. Is there individual human susceptibility to excessive or
deficient concentrations of manganese? If so, how can it be
detected, and how can it be predicted? Are the differences
due to diet, genetic makeup, concomitant stress, variations
in adsorption, disease, or interactions with drugs and
chemicals? Are there also group differences?
2. What are the effects on pregnant women and infants of
chronic excessive exposure to manganese? Is the fetus at
risk?
3. What controls the metabolism and turnover of manganese?
4. What accounts for the time course of the symptoms in man-
ganism? Why do the psychiatric symptoms precede the
neurologic?
5. With few exceptions, manganese pollution does not occur in
isolation from pollution from other substances. How do these
pollutants interact? Are their effects merely additive, or
do some combinations create special hazards to health?
6. Are the so-called lower oxidative states more toxic than
the higher ones? This has often been reported but has not
been proved. Indeed dose-response relations have not been
established for any manganese compound. Does the toxicity
of manganese depend on its physical form?
2-30
-------
7. Further research is needed to determine the clinical value
of present tests of blood, urine, and hair as indices of
recent absorption of excessive manganese. Does increased
manganese content of any of these samples correlate with
later features of manganese toxicity?"
Mercury
"There is a need for specific investigations to validate or
modify the prevailing opinion that mercury in drinking water is
principally in the inorganic form."
Molybdenum
"In humans, molybdenum poisoning has rarely been observed.
Molybdenosis in livestock, however, is a significant toxicologic
problem in many areas. Consumption of molybdenum-rich forage
by cattle and sheep causes severe diarrhea (scouring) that sometimes
results in death. It can be prevented or ameliorated by the adminis-
tration of copper, and sulfate-forming compounds in animal metabolism
needs further study. Molybdenum has also been implicated for gout
and a bone-crippling disease, but more information is needed.
Nickel
"There is no present need to establish nationwide limits for
nickel in drinking water. In this regard, however, research to
clarify the role of nickel in nutrition appears to be desirable,
particularly as to its dietary essentiality."
Tin
"Perhaps the foremost research need with respect to tin is the
development of a rapid accurate method of determination at the low
2-31
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concentrations expected in drinking water. Until such a method is
available, reliable abundant data for natural or treated water cannot
be expected."
Zinc
"Research needs have been proposed previously by an NAS committee'
These are related primarily to the zinc content of foodss the need
to determine whether a significant proportion of American diets are
either deficient or marginal in zinc, and whether specific segments
of the population are genetically susceptible to zinc deficiency.
The recommendations include:
1. Assessment of the availability of zinc in food to man.
2. Determination of human zinc requirements in relation to age
and physiologic state.
3. Evaluation of the possible implications of the zinc:cadmium
ratio for health.
4. Determination of the zinc status of various well-defined
populations and relation of these findings to other measures
of nutritional status.
5. Assessment of the effect of zinc supplementation and enrich-
ment on the health status of well-defined populations.
"In addition, animal data suggest that zinc is also protective
against lead toxicity. This possibly significant interaction needs
further investigation. As far as drinking water is concerned, the
present drinking-water standard, assuming an adult water consumption
of 2 liters/day, would permit the intake from drinking water of up to
10 mg/day, which is less than the estimated adult dietary requirement
for zinc. The available data on drinking water, however, suggest
2-32
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that the amounts in drinking water are far lower than this. Another
area requiring further investigation is related to the zinc content
in the presence of soft water and the use of galvanized pipes."
Sodium
"Recommendations for Research:
1. A large and impressive body of data has been accumulated that
relates excessive sodium intake to the development of
hypertension. Nevertheless, the role of sodium in hyper-
tension remains controversial. Genetic factors, hormones,
other dietary factors, and psychosocial stresses also
influence blood pressure in important ways. Research should
be encouraged to clarify the relative roles and interactions
of these influences and the mechanisms by which blood
pressure is affected at the physiologic and cellular levels.
2. More information is needed on the average daily intake of
sodium, potassium, calcium, and trace metals by different
segments of the U.S. population and on the relative contri-
butions of water and other dietary sources to intake.
3. More information is also needed on day-to-day and seasonal
variations in the composition of water supplies and on the
variation in water intake in different segments of the
population.
4. Removal of sodium from water by methods currently available
is expensive and inefficient. Research directed to develop-
ing efficient methods for bulk desalinization of water should
be encouraged.
5. Use of sodium chloride for deicing roads results in continu-
ously increasing the sodium content of public water supplies.
Research should be continued toward alternative methods of
highway ice control."
Arsenic
"Although various analytical techniques are available for speci-
ation of some arsenicals in air and water, others require better
methods for accurate analysis at low concentrations. A system for
2-33
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interlaboratory crosschecking for analytic accuracy is needed.
Several factors impinge on attempts to evalute analytical data from
human populations including media being examined (blood, urine, hair,
nails), route and dose level, etc., require methods capable of measuring
total arsenic absorption from all routes of exposure.
"There is some epidemiological evidence that high concentrations
of arsenic in drinking water are associated with skin cancer. When
the level was reduced by water treatment to 80 (j.g/liter, the incidence
was reduced but still detectable. The existence of other cocarcino-
gens in these water supplies has not been extensively studied. If
the time factors for the development of cancer are shown to be
reasonable, then the current interim standard of 50 f-ig/liter may not
provide an adequate margin of safety.
"Recommendations for Research:
1. Improvement and standardization of speciation techniques
for analyses and application to various biological materials.
2. Interlaboratory crosschecking of the accuracy of the many
methods using different matrices.
3. More accurate determination of the quantities of environ-
mental arsenic, their sources and fate.
4. Studies about metabolism in man and animals; rates and
mechanisms of methylation-demethylation in man, animals and
ecosystems. Transfer of arsenic species across tissue
barriers, absorption, distribution, and excretion.
5. Investigations about interactions of arsenic and other
environmental factors which may account for difference in
human clinical observations, and effects of diet, race, and
climate.
2-34
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6. Development of an animal model for carcinogenicity studies
with particular reference to arsenic trioxide and pentoxide.
7. Studies about different responses to arsenic by individuals
and species, particularly long term, low level exposure.
8. Further studies of the effect of arsenic on cellular mechan-
isms, as well as teratology and mutagenicity studies.
9. More uniform and improved methods for epidemiologic studies,
coordinated by an international agency."
Selenium
"Recommendations for Research:
1. There is a critical need for more rapid, accurate, and re-
producible analytic methods that will permit both qualita-
tive and quantitative assays. Information on chemical forms,
oxidation states, and solubility in water is needed. This
is probably the most limiting need for progress over a broad
front in selenium research.
2. Systems for monitoring the environment (water, air, food)
should be improved.
3. Basic research should be conducted to define molecular
transformations in the mammalian system.
4. Effects of selenium on the toxicity of mercury, cadmium
and arsenic should be studied.
5. Natural and industrial emission and cycling of selenium in
the environment should be investigated.
6. The effects on animal systems of long-term low concentrations
of selenium in and in combination with other trace elements
in the environment should be determined.
7. Baseline data on selenium concentrations in humans in health
and disease are needed.
8. The effects of selenium deficiency and excess on induced and
spontaneous animal tumors should be determined.
9. Determine whether some segments of the human population of
the United States require additional selenium for optimum
health.
2-35
-------
"The established requirement for selenium in most animal species
indicates a need for more data on potential or real deficits or
excesses in human populations. The concentration of selenium in
waters of the United States varies widely and currently there is no
evidence to suggest a problem."
Fluoride
"Recommendations for Research:
1. Better criteria should be developed for diagnosing dental
fluorosis, as distinct from dental mottling.
2. The present rate of dental fluorosis (particularly staining)
in communities with fluoride at more than 1 ppm in the water
supply should be determined.
3. Bone and blood fluoride concentrations of patients with
chronic renal disease in communities with fluoride at 2 ppm
or more should be compared with those of similar patients
in low-fluoride areas, to see whether there is a difference
radiologically, histologically, or clinically, particularly
with regard to bone pain and fracture rates.
4. The inorganic fluoride content of food, as distinct from
the total fluoride content, should be determined, to settle
the issue of whether there has been an increase.
5. Rappaport's study on mongolism should be repeated with the
same cities; if there is still an association, intensive
case-finding should be carried out, to check whether the
lack of case-finding was important in his results.
6. Mortality ratios should be evaluated by cause of death in
the fluoridated vs. nonfluoridated areas.
7. There should be in vivo studies on the possibility of the
development of cellular tolerance or intolerance to fluoride,
8. The nonhuman-primate study of Manocha et_ al. (1975) [NAS,
1977J should be repeated with 5 ppm water and better con-
trols, to check the reported renal enzyme changes.
2-36
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9. Chromosomal studies of mice drinking water with low F concen-
trations should be repeated to determine if chromosome
abnormalities are induced.
10. Dominant lethal studies should be done in rats and mice by
feeding the males various dose levels of fluoride and mating
to tester females on a. normal diet. This is easier to do
and would confirm item 9, if positive, but not necessarily
be inconsistent, if negative.
11. Further evaluation of cancer death rates and congenital
malformation rates in large fluoridated cities as compared
to non-fluoridated cities should be made.
"Additional studies of mottling and skeletal fluorosis need to
be done in communities with several mgs/liter fluoride in their water
supplies to ascertain whether the no-adverse-health effect level for
fluoride is greater or less than 1 mg/liter. In addition, sociological
studies are needed to ascertain the extent to which dental mottling
is regarded as an adverse effect."
Nitrate
"More research is needed on the metabolism of nitrate and on
factors that affect the rate of extent of reduction to nitrite, as
well as on those that influence subsequent reactor of nitrite to
form methemoglobin."
Water Hardness
"Much more work must be done on the possible associations and
interrelationships of variables such as rain, soil chemistry, and
human nutrition with water quality and cardiovascular disease rates.
It is essential to ascertain whether water factors are causally
linked to the induction of cardiovascular or other diseases and, if
2-37
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so, to identify the specific factors that are involved. Much more
definitive information is needed in order to identify what remedial
water treatment actions, if any, can be considered."
Cobalt, Copper, Magnesium, Silver, Vanadium, Sulfate
No research recommendations were made.
2.3.4 Microbiology of Drinking Water
Bacteria
"Several substitutes for chlorine (e.g., ozone, chlorine dioxide,
bromine and iodine) that are also powerful oxidants and disinfectants
have been suggested, but much more research is required before any
of them can be recommended as a sole substitute for chlorine in water
treatment. Questions concerning disinfection effectiveness, toxicity
of by-products, and residual in the distribution system, must be
answered for proposed substitutes as well as for chlorine.
"A research program is needed to increase the value of the
relatively simple bacteriological tests in controlling the sanitary
quality of drinking water. The program should include:
1. Epidemiological studies of water quality and health, with
application of more sensitive methods for detecting patho-
gens in drinking water and better reporting of outbreaks
of waterborne disease.
2. Development of membrane-filtration methods to allow testing
of larger samples and to reduce interference by overgrowth
and disinfectants.
3. Improvement of procedures for making total-plate-counts
and study of the utility of such tests for assessing the
health hazards of drinking water.
2-38
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4. Research on more rapid and sensitive methods for detecting
pathogens and the use of such methods for monitoring the
quality of water."
Viruses
"Continued testing for viral contamination of potable water
should be carried out with the facilities and skills of a wide
variety of research establishments, both inside and outside the
government, and methodology for virus testing should be improved.."
"Research Recommendations
1. Improved methods should be developed for recovery, isolation
and enumeration of viruses from water supplies.
2. A laboratory method should be devised for detecting the
virus of hepatitis A in potable water.
3. More should be learned about the etiology of viral gastro-
enteritis; special attention should be given to detection
methods for gastroenteritis viruses that are transmissable
through water.
4. The amount of virus that must be ingested in drinking water
to produce infections and disease should be determined
for several different enteric viruses.
5. Additional research should be conducted on the ability of
various water-treatment methods to remove or inactivate
viruses. Low-cost modifications to increase the reliability
and effectiveness of existing methods should be sought."
Pathogenic Protozoa and Helminths
"More study is needed to define the conditions required for de-
struction of Giardia lamblia cysts; little is known of their survival.
The same considerations apply to a few other parasitic protozoa that,
although rare, have been identified in public water systems."
2-39
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2.3.5 Solid Particles in Suspension
"Pollutant concentrations are higher in sediments than in the
waters with which they are associated. It should be recognized that
the consequences of pollutant adsorption by clays may be very impor-
tant in natural systems and may affect drinking water quality. Clay-
pollutant complexes may be mobilized by erosion from the landscape,
or form when eroded clay enters a stream containing a polluting
species. If the complex survives water treatment and enters the
drinking water system, it would then be available for ingestion by
humans. In the adsorbed state on the clay surface the pollutant is
probably not toxic, but the possibility exists that the pollutant
might be released from the clay in the environment of the alimentary
tract and thus exert toxic effects. Whether or not such a process
might take place would depend on the complex in question so that no
generalities are possible. Information is completely lacking in this
area, and thus research should be encouraged and supported.
"One of the more important questions is what differences, if any,
exist between fibers derived from asbestos and those that arise from
single crystals or cleavages of single crystals. Furthermore, it is
important to be able to develop analytical methods to define these
differences, and to relate these mineralogical aspects of this research,
"Investigations are required of the physical-chemical attachment
of microorganisms to sand, silt, and clays, and disaggregation of
these particulate complexes. Viral aggregates are more resistant to
2-40
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disinfection than are separate viral particles. Fundamental in-
formation is needed on the interactions between the viable and
nonviable components of particulates in drinking water and particularly
on their resistance to disinfection and to other water treatment
processes.
"Following is a list of recommended research:
1. A survey of suspended particulate matter in raw and treated
drinking water supplies in several "typical" communities
is urgently needed as background information. This must be
coupled with analysis of accompanying organic and inorganic
material and microorganisms in solution, as well as charac-
terization of the particulates with respect to size, shape,
composition and adsorbed constituents. By nature such
surveys must be interdisciplinary involving analytical
chemistry, surface chemistry, particulate chemistry, organic
chemistry, microbiology, etc.
2. Ingestion studies should be carried out with fibers of various
size distribution in validated animal model systems.
3. Epidemiological studies of time trends in death rates should
be conducted in areas that have high concentrations of
mineral fibers in drinking water.
4. The electron microscopy procedures for detecting and counting
asbestos fibers should be scrutinized with respect to their
specificity, precision and accuracy. This and other tech-
niques and combinations should be investigated for use in
screening.
5. Information is required on the effects of inorganic, organic
and biological toxicants adsorbed on clay and organic par-
ticulates. Such work should be interdisciplinary in nature:
expertise on surface chemistry of clays and organic particu-
lates as well as in microbiology. toxicology and physiology
are required.
6. Development of improved and standardized methods for measuring
turbidity should be supported."
2-41
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2.3.6 Radioactivity in Drinking Water
"The precision of estimation of the health risks associated with
radioactivity in drinking water could be enhanced if several water
systems were analyzed to determine the complete distributions of
beta and alpha radiation that constitute the gross counting measure-
ments.
"Because the precise ratio of radium-228 to radium-226 in water
has not been measured extensively, an attempt should be made to
determine the ratio in several ground and surface waters whose
content of radium-226 is known. The waters to be analyzed should
range from about 0.1-50 pCi/liter. The percentage of the daughter
radionuclides present should be determined.
"Because radon is a noble gas that is quickly released from
water, it is possible that, in some areas of high radon content,
water vapor containing radon might constitute an inhalation hazard
when such water is used, for example, in humidifiers or for showers.
A determination should be made whether or not radon emanations from
water do indeed constitute an inhalation hazard.
"The models used in this report do not take into account the
possibility that the finely divided solid particles that occur in
water may alter the uptake of radionuclides. The effects of the
solids in drinking water on the metabolism and uptake of radionuclides
merit investigation."
2-42
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3.0 IDENTIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF ONGOING RESEARCH PROJECTS
3.1 Introduction
The NAS research recommendations are primarily based on the
evaluation of relevant publications. Unpublished reports may have
also been used when available. However, the ongoing research is
neither identified nor evaluated in the report.
Two main sources have been used to identify ongoing or recently
completed research projects in this report: (1) the Smithsonian
Science Information Exchange (SSIE); and (2) the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA). These sources are briefly described below.
The SSIE performed a computer-accessed search on ongoing re-
search. The search was limited to those projects entered into the
SSIE data bank as of July 15, 1977 dealing with various aspects of
drinking water. The following codes were used:
3646-90-550 (3646 - water resources; 90 - water types;
550 - drinking water)
0211-75-300-85 (0211 - agricultural chemicals; 75 - undesired
toxicity or residues; 300 - relation to human health; 85 -
potable water)
0230-20-990 (0230 - food science and technology; 20 - chemical
analysis; 990 - water and food)
0230-96-070-90 (0230 - food science and technology; 96 -
commodity; 070 - beverages; 90 - drinking water)
The EPA, which represents the second source, has supplied
summaries of relevant research projects which are in progress or
are scheduled to be performed in the EPA laboratories. Two sets
3-1
-------
of research projects descriptions were made available by the EPA on
July 13 and August 10, 1977, respectively. Most of these projects
were not listed in the SSIE search.
Some of the projects supplied by the SSIE and the EPA are irrela-
vant to this report, and they have, therefore, been discarded. The
remainder have been classified in accordance with the following major
research categories: health effects, environmental transport,
measurement and monitoring, and control technology. Appropriate
matrices have been designed to show ongoing research in each of these
major categories.
The matrix for each major category includes projects from each
of the five contaminant groups, namely: organic solutes, inorganic
solutes, microbiological pollutants, particulates, and radioactive
pollutants. Additionally, a general group has been established for
those projects which are nonspecific with regard to a contaminant or
which do not correspond to any of the five groups. A short summary
has been written for each project whenever this information is
available. The names or types of pollutants mentioned in the project
are presented in the column labeled "contaminants". When the names
of pollutants are not given in the project abstract, the words "not
specified" are entered in this column.
3-2
-------
3.2 Matrices for Major Research Categories
The matrices for health effects, environmental transport, measure-
ment and monitoring, and control technology appear below as Tables 3-1
through 3-4.
3.3 Major Research Category Versus Major Contaminant Group
The number of projects assigned to each major contaminant group
in each of the four research categories is presented in Table 3-5.
The numbers in parentheses indicate the number of projects which
appear in either two major categories of research or groups of con-
taminants. Slightly more than one-third of the total number of
projects (309) identified in this study are directly related to the
NAS recommendations. Most of the applicable projects are about
equally divided between inorganic solutes and microbiological pollu-
tants. However, only seven projects address NAS research recommen-
dations for organic solutes and no project addresses any research
recommendation for radioactive pollutants.
3.4 Supporting Organizations Index
Table 3-6 indicates the number of projects in each of the four
major research categories that are being supported by various organiza-
tions. The EPA is supporting the majority of the projects in the
drinking water area. However, several U.S. Federal agencies such
as the Department of the Interior (DOI), the Department of Defense
(DOD), the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW), the
Department of Agriculture (USDA), the Energy Research and Development
3-3
-------
TABLE 3-j
HEALTH EFFECTS
A. Organic Solutes
PROJECT
NUMBER
12
15
27
10
PROJECT TITLE
Effects of Chemical
Carcinogens on Rodents/
Meso-and Meeanephros in
Organotypic Culture
Impact of Environmental
Carcinogens and Pesticides
on Mollusks
Drinking Water Studies
with Acrylonitrile on
Rat and Dog
Induction of Tumors
by Continuous Oral
Administration of
1-Ethyl-l-Nitrosourea
in Donrya Rats
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Japanese Foundation
For Cancer Research
Sloaa Kettering
Institute
Cancer Research
Dow Chemical Co.
Nat'l Inst. of
Hygienic Science
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
Japanese
Foundation
For Cancer
Research
HEW
Manufacturing
Chein, Assn.
Inc.
Nat'l Insc.
of Hygienic
Science
PROJECT
DATES
7/75-6/76
9/74-9/75
10/76-9/77
7/75-6/76
CONTAMINANTS
N-nitroso Compounds
Benzo (a) Pyrene,
Aldrln, Hepcachlor,
DDT
Acrylonitrile
1 -Ethyl- 1 -nit roso-
urea (ENU)
SUMMARY
Determine whether N-nitroso
compounds induce neoplastic changes
in embryonic meso-and inetanephros
in organo-typic culture. The off-
spring of female rats exposed dating
pregnancy were studied.
Assay pathological effects of en-
vironmental carcinogens and
pesticides on oysters, and to study
the induction of carcinogens and
pesticides in metabolizing mixed
function oxidases. Implications of
methodologies as water pollution
indicator.
Studies on toxicity and carcino-
genicity in dogs and rats.
Testing ENU for carclnogenicty
and leukemogenicity .
-------
TABLE 3-1
HEALTH EFFECTS
A. Organic Solutes
(continued)
PROJECT
NUMBER
11
89
25*
17*
161"
PROJECT TITLE
Induction of Tumors by
Continuous Oral Adminis-
tration of N-Nitro-
sourethanes in Rats.
Carcinogenicity of Tri-
sodiuia Nitrilotriacetate
(NTA) in the Rat
Study of Environmental
Occurrence of N-Nitroso
Compounds
Health Aspects of Dietary
Nitrates and Derivatives
Plasma Esterase Alter-
ations in Mice Fed
Carcinogens and/or the
Food Additive, BHT
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Nat'l Inst. of
Hygienic Science
HEW
P. U.S. Nat'l Inst.
of Health
M.I.T. School of
Science
Hebrew Univ. of
Jerusalem,
lladassah Medical
School
ERDA
Biology Division
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
Nat'l Inst. of
Hygienic Science
NIH
HEW
International
Atomic Energy
Agency
ERDA
PROJECT
UATES
7/75-6/76
7/71-6/75
9/75-6/76
7/75-6/76
7/75-6/76
CONTAMINANTS
N-propylnitroso
urethane; N-Methyl
nit ro sour ethane
Trisodium
Nitrilotriacetate
(NTA)
N-nitroso
compounds
Nltrosamines
Not specified
SUMMARY
Carcinogenicity studies in cats
by oral administration.
Determine the incidence of tumors
in rats fed low levels of NTA in
the drinking water throughout
most of their lives.
Determine toxicity, wutagenicity
and Carcinogenicity of novel N-
nitroso compounds.
Relationship between nitrates,
nltrosamines , and gastric cancer
in high nitrate areas; formulation
and occurrence of nitrosamines
in plants; implications of high
nitrate drinking water on heart
diseases; central effects of
nitrates among human population;
significance of vitainin C
prophylaxis against nitrate and
nltrosauiine toxicity
Establish an assay utilizing the
electrophoretic pattern of plasma
esterases for the detection of
carcinogens and/or toxins.
-------
TAULE 3-1
liliALTll EFFECTS
A. Organic Solutes
(cone inued)
PROJECT
NUMBER
88
87
58
53
48
PROJECT TITLE
In Vivo Bladder Carcino-
genesis of Nltrosamines
Environmental Bladder
Carcinogens
In Vitro Assessment of
Mutagenic/Carcinogenic
Potential of Mixtures of
Organic Substances in
Renovated Uastewater
Health Effects of
Consumption of Renovated
Water - Chemistry and
Cytotoxicity
The Biological Evaluation
of Toxic Effects, of Con-
centrated Organic Contam-
inants Present in
Hastewater Processed for
Re-Use
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Northwestern Univ.
School of Medicine
Univ. of Miami
School of Medicine
Syracuse Univ.
Research Corp.
Univ. of Colorado
Sch. of Arts &
Sc iences
Gulf South
Research Inst.
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
NIH
Mill
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
7/74-5/76
4/76-3/77
1/77-12/77
10/75-9/76
3/76-3/77
CONTAMINANTS
Nltrosamines
Tertiary amines,
caffeine,
theobroinine,
phenacetin,
acetarainaphen
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
SUMMARY
Demonstrate the urinary factor(s)
responsible for induction of
transitional epithelial tumors
by a chemical carcinogen.
Conduct a broadly ranging search
for unrecognized, non-occupational
bladder carcinogens in the human
environment .
Examine mutagenic/ carcinogenic
potential of organic mixtures from
wasteuater renovation plants and
attempt to idtntify the fractions/
chemicals responsible for toxic
action.
Study occurrence and toxic ity of
contaminants utilizing mammalian
cell culture system.
Feeding study on a concentrate
of water prepared front an advanced
waste treatment facility
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TABLE 3-1
HEALTH EFFECTS
A. Organic Solutes
(continued)
PROJECT ' PERFORMING
SOMBER . PROJECT TITLE ORGANIZATION
1 ;
270 Cancer Risk Assessment from
Chlorlnation
266 Investigation of Synergis-
tic Potential of Known
Organics in Tap Water
259 Assessment in vivo of
Tumorigenic Potential of
Organic Concentrates and
Compounds in Neonatal Model
260 Determination of in vivo
and in vitro Mutagenic
Potential of Bis (2-
chloroisopropyl) Ether
261 Determination of in vivo
and in vitro Mutagenic
Potential of Bis(2-
cliloroethyl) Ether
Johns Hopkins
University
EPA
EPA
Stanford Research
Institute
Stanford Research
Institute
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
Unknown, al-
though study
had not com-
menced by EPA
quarterly report
dated 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
CONTAMINANTS
Chloroform
Bis(2-chloroethyl)
ether, dibromochloro-
methane (DBCM) , bromo
dichloromethane (BDM)
Bis(2-chloroethyl)
ether. bis(2-
chlorolsopropyl) ether
Bis(2-chloro-
isopropyl) ether
Uis(2-chloroethyl)
ether
SUMMARY
Evaluate liver cancer Incidence in
Hagerstown, Maryland relative to the
concentration of chloroform in the
water system. j
Study the subchronlc toxicity of bis
(2-chloroethyl) ether in rats; develop-
ment of chronic toxicity assays and
interaction studies for DBCM and BDM.
To assess the tumorigenic potential j
of two ether compounds in animals. i
To determine mutagenic potential in
mice via heirtable translocation tests. ;
To determine mutagenic potential
of the ether.
-------
TABLE 3-1
HEALTH EFFECTS
A. Organic Solutes
(continued)
PROJECT
NUMBER
250
301
291
PROJECT TITLE
Determination of the in
vitro Mutagenic Activity of
21 Compounds in Drinking
Mater
Use of S. typhiinurium
Strains for Screening Com-
pounds Present in Drinking
Hater
Effect of Organotins on
Metabolic Integrity of the
C.N.S.
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
Atlanta
University
EPA
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
CONTAMINANTS
2-chloropropene , 1-
cliloropropene f di-
chloracetoni trile, a 1-
drin, 1-borneol, 1-
chloro-3-nitrobenzene,
3-chlorotoluene, croton-
aldehyde, DDT. 2,4-di-
chlorophenoxy acetic
acid, dichloro-
acetonitrile, cis-1,2-
dichloroethylene, trans-
1,2-dichloroethylene,
1, 1-dichloroethane ,
isopropyl benzene, 1-
uiethyl naphthalene ,
ni trofitachane , pyresie.
1,1, 1-trichloroe thane,
2,4,6-trichlorophenol,
1, 2, 3-triinethyl benzene
Xylene, benzyl butyl
phthalate, organic dyes
Dimethyltin dichloride,
dibutyltin dichloride.
triechyltin chloride
SUMMARY
The aiutagenic activity of 21 com-
pounds was tested. 2-Cnloropropene,
1-chloropropene, and dichloracetoni-
trile induced mutagenic activity while
the rest oj: the chemicals did not.
Use of S. typhimurium strains to test
organic compounds found in drinking
water for mutagenic activity.
Determine the effect of organotins
on brain metabolism.
OJ
I
oo
-------
TABLE 3-1
HEALTH EFFECTS
A. Organic Solutes
(continued)
PROJECT
NUMBER
268
258
267
253
254
PROJECT TITLE
Effects of Selected Organic
Contaminants from Drinking
Hater on the Functions of
the Reproductive, Nervous,
and Immune Systems
Occurrence and Effects of
Organic Contaminants in
Drinking Hater - Mutagenic
and Carcinogenic Effects
of Metabolic Activation
Toxlcological Evaluation
of Organic Reaction Pro-
ducts of Alternate Dis-
infectants
Collection of Organics
from Drinking Hater at
Miami, FL; Seattle, HA;
Philadelphia, PA; Ottumwa,
10; for Chemical Charac-
terization and Toxicity
Studies
Collection of Organics from
Drinking Hater of New Or-
leans, LA, for Chemical
Characterization and
Toxicity Studies
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Medical College
of Virginia
University of
Cincinnati
Depc. of
Microbio logy
EPA
Culf South
Research
Institute
Culf Soutli
Research
Institute
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
Initiated
as of 5/77
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
CONTAMINANTS
Trichloromethane ,
tribromouiethane,
bromodichlorouie thane,
dibromochlorome thane
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
SUMMARY
Study the effects of the trihalouieth-
anes on mammary tumor growths, host
resistance, brain neurocheinistry , be-
havior, and the functional activity of
the reticuloendothelium system in mice.
Test the concentrates from Study 257
for in vitro bacterial mutagenic
activity as well as mammalian cellular
transformation.
Study the comparative cytotoxicity
and mutagenicity of alternate dis-
infectant by-products.
Not provided.
Not provided.
-------
TABLE 3-1
HEALTH EFFECTS
A. Organic Solutes
(continued)
PROJECT
NUMBER
274
26'J
264
198
265
PROJECT TITLE
Assessment of Subchronic
Exposure to Volatile
Organic Compounds on
Mlcroblal Induced Acute
Respiratory Disease
Investigation of the Metabo^
Hsu of Chlorinated Hydro-
carbons in Subhuman Primate;
Selected Organic Water
Contaminants on Male
Reproductive 'Function
Investigation of Mutagenic
Effects of Intermediate
Products by Ozone and
Chlorine Dioxide in Water
Effects of Halogenated
Aromatic Hydrocarbons on
the Metabolism of Foreign
Organic Compounds
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
University of
Cincinnati
Medical College
of Virginia
Stanford Research
Institute
Purdue
University
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
CONTAMINANTS
Tetrachlorodibenzo-
paradioxin (TCDD)
Bls(2-chloroisopropyl)
ether
Hexachlorobenzene
Ethanol, NTA, glycerol,
benzldine hydrochlorlde
hydroquinone, phenol,
1, 1-dlphenylhydrazine,
benzene huiuic acid,
phenol hydrozlnene,
caffeine, urea, thy mine,
cholesterol, benzo-
pyrene, dlethylamine
Halogenated aromatic
hydrocarbons
SUMMARY
Assess effects of subchronic exposure
to TCDD on microbially Induced
respiratory disease in test animals.
Determine the effect of multiple oral
dally doses of bis (2-chlorolsopropyl)
ether In female Rhesus monkeys, par-
ticularly with regard to the toxtco-
klnetics of the chemical.
Determine if hexachlorobenzene has
an effect on male reproductive function
or on mutagenic activity.
Investigate the mutagenic character-
istics of several organic contaminants
upon ozonation or treatment by chlorine
dioxide in drinking water.
Not provided.
-------
TABLE 3-1
HEALTH EFFECTS
A. Organic Solutes
(concluded)
PROJECT
NUMBER
219
262
PROJECT TITLE
Occurrence and Effects
of Organic Contaminants
In Drinking Water
Task 1
Identification of Quanti-
fication of Metabolites
in Relation to Comparative
Metabolism Research
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Ohio State
University
EPA
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
CONTAMINANTS
Dime thy Ibenzanthracene
(DMBA)
Bis (2-chloroisopropyl)
ether
(BCIE)
SUMMARY
Investigate DNA binding of mutagens,
estimate mutagenicity of DMBA metabo-
lites, compare carcinogenic hydro-
carbon binding to DNA in various
organs of rata.
Analyze urine samples taken from
rats and monkeys before and after
receiving a toxic dose of BCIE. The
total number of compounds, the quantity
of each compound, and their respective
identities constitute a metabolic
profile which may be indicative of the
toxicity to the organism.
Project 17 also occurs in Table 3-1-B.
Projects 25 and 161 also occur in Table 3-3-A.
-------
TABLE 3-1
HEATH EFFECTS
B. Inorganic Solutes
PROJECT
NUMBEU
84
83
116
59
16*
PROJECT TITLE
Heart Disease and Drinking
Water at Home
Effect of Chronic Oral
Exposure to Low Doses
of Cadmium
Trace Factors In Metabolic
and Degenerative Diseases
Urinary Stone Disease
and Hater Hardness
Seattle Study of
Trace Elements
From Drinking
Water
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Johns Hopkins Univ.
School of Hygiene
and Public Health
Washington Univ.
School of Medicine
U.S. Veterans
Admin. Hospital
State Univ. of Fla .
Sys. School of
Medicine
Seattle King Co.
Sept. of Health
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
HEW
John Cochran
VA Hospital
U.S. Veterans
Administration
EPA
HEW
PROJECT
DATES
5/76-4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
7/76-6/77
12/76-11/77
5/76-4/77
CONTAMINANTS
Cadmium
Cadmium, selenium,
2 inc
Silicon, cadmium,
arsenic, copper
Not specified
Cadmium, copper,
lead, zinc
SUMMARY
Try to establish a relationship
between soft water „ and dissolved
trace metals such as cadmium,
and increased incidence of
arteriosclerotic heart disease.
Study the effects of chronic
doses of cadmium on the blood
pressure of rats.
Determine the role of various
trace elements in human metab-
olism. Determine synergistic
and antagonistic effects.
Determine the relationship
between the quality of drinking
water at the tap and urolithiasis.
Measure changes in trace metals in
tap water as the city reviews the
corrosiveness of water supply;
relate those changes (.0 levels of
trace metals in available tissues
of residents .
-------
TAliLE 3-1
HEALTH EFFECTS
B. Inorganic Solutes
PROJECT
NUMBER
20
13
3
35
60
86
PROJECT TITLE
Effects of lodinacion of
Public Water Supplies
Studies on Chromosome
Aberration Induced by
Water Pollutants
Effect of Chronic
Exposure to Low Levels
of Pollutants
Determine Health Effects
Data and Prepare Criteria
Document Recommending a
Drinking Water Standard
for Molybdenum
Effects of Arsenic and
Selenium in Drinking Water
- Millard Co. Utah
Interaction of Fluoride
with Minerals in Man
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Beth Israel
Hospital
Nat'l Inst. of
Hygiene Science
Univ. of Maryland
Sch. of Medicine
Univ. of Colorado
School of Arts
and Sciences
Utah State Div. of
Health
Loyola Univ.
Sch. of Medicine
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
HEW
Nat'l Inst. of
Hygiene Science
EPA
EPA
EPA
HEW
PROJECT
DATES
12/76-11/77
4/76-3/77
7/74-6/75
5/76-4/77
11/76-10/77
9/76-8/77
CONTAMINANTS
Iodine
Inorganic and organo-
chromiuai compounds
Lead, mercury,
cadmium
Molybdenum
Arsenic, selenium
Fluorides
SUMMARY
Study responses of normal and
abnormal thyroid to iodine.
Study chromosome aberration in
cultured human fibroblast cells
and lymphocytes caused by tri-
valent and hexavalent chromium
compounds .
Assess the effect of chronic
exposure to low levels of lead,
cadmium and mercury in the
guinea pig.
Prepare document recoimuending
drinking water standards for
molybdenum based on health
effects data obtained from
human and animal studies.
Evaluate human health effect
where concentrations exceed
current standards.
Study of the retention and
excretion of fluoride in
patients with chronic
renal disease.
-------
TABLE 3-1
HEALTH EFFECTS
B. Inorganic Solutes
(continued)
lJROJECf
DUMBER
290
292
29J
294
299
303
302
PROJECT TITLE
Effects of Cadmium on
Kenovascular Function
Effect of Lead on
Metabolic Development of
the C.N.S.
Behavioral Effects of
Lead on the Neonatal
Primate
Effect of Lead on
Synaptogenesis and the
Effects of Organot ins
on Functional Metabo-
lism of Platelets and
Liver
Cocarcinogen ic Poten-
tial of Arsenic in
Drinking Water
Evaluation of Health
Effects of Alternate
Disinfectants to
Chlorine
Health Effects of
Nitrate in Water
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
loua State Univ.
Temple Univ.
Univ. of the
Pacific
EPA
Hebrew Univ. of
Je rusa lem,
Hudassdh Medical
School
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
In progress aa
of 4/77
In progress as
of 4/77
In progress as
of 4/77
In progress as
of 4/77
in progress as
of 4/77
In progress as
of 4/77
Report com-
pleted in 1974
but not re-
ceived by EPA
as of 4/77
CONTAMINANTS
Cadmium
Lead
Lead
Lead
Arsenic, arsenate,
a rseni te
Chlorite ion,
ch loraiuines
Nitrates
SUMMARY
Not provided
Observe retention of lead in brain and
blood of rats, and changes in meta-
bolic responses of tissues.
Not provided .
In vivo and in vitro experiments to
examine kidney damage and bruin
development in animals treated with
lead.
Preliminary indications are that
arsenite is converted to arsenate by
liver uiicrosomes .
To evaluate the health effects of
chlorite ion and chloramines .
Not provided.
-------
TABLE 3-1
HEALTH EFFECTS
ii. Inorganic Solutes
(continued)
PROJECT
NUMBER
283
297
284
285
286
PROJECT TITLE
Health Effects of Human
Exposure to Barium in
Drinking Water
Effects of Cadmium and
Lead on Cell-Mediated
Immunity
Study of the Synergis-
tic/Antagonistic Effects
of Hard (Ca, Mg) and
Soft (Pb, Cd) Hater
Constituents in Appro-
priate Animal Models
for Cardiovascular
Disease
Study of the Synergis-
tic/Antagonistic Effects
of Hard (Ca, Mg) and
Soft (Pb, Cd) Hater
Constituents in Appro-
priate Animal Models
for Cardiovascular
Disease
Effects of Hard Water
Constituents on Spon-
taneously Hypertensive
Rats
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Univ. of Illinois
Oregon State Univ.
Univ. of Missis-
sippi Medical
Center
Oak Ridge National
Laboratory
EPA
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
in progress
as of 4/77
2/76-2/78
In progress
as of 4/77
Project had
not begun
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/4/77
CONTAMINANTS
Barium
Cadmium, lead
Cadmium, magnesium,
lead, calcium,
sodium, potassium
Calcium, magnesium,
lead, cadmium
Hard water constitu-
ents, sodium
SUMMARY
Determine health effects, including
cardiovascular death rates of humans
exposed to barium In drinking water.
Evaluate effects of lead and cadmium
on T-helper cell function.
Study the effects of calcium, magnes-
ium, lead, cadmium, sodium and potas-
sium both Independently and in all
possible combinations, on cardiovas-
cular disease in rats, and to attempt
to modify the course of induced
atherosclerotic lesions with water
factors .
Study pigeons longitudinally for on-
set of atherosclerotic pathology with
regard to calcium, magnesium, lead,
cadmium and lipid intake.
Study the effects of hard water con-
stituents and sodium on spontaneously
hypertensive rats.
I
I—I
-------
TABLE 3-1
HEALTH EFFECTS
Inorganic Solutes
(coneinued)
PKOJECI
NUMBER
1JJ
130
17*
PROJECT TITLE
Effects of High Nitrate
Exposure on Human and
Animal Health in
Northern Colorado
The Epidemiological
Association of
Elevated Blood
Pressure with
Nitrate Exposure
Health Aspects of
Dietary Nitrates
and Derivatives
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Colorado State
Univ. Agricultural
Experimental Sta.
Colorado State
lluiv. School of
Veterinary Med .
and Blomed. Sci.
Hebrew Univ. of
Jerusalem,
Hadassah Medical
School
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
Colorado State
Government
USDA
International
Atomic Energy
Agency
PROJECT
DATES
10/76-9/77
10/76-9/77
7/75-6/76
CONTAMINANTS
Nitrates
Nitrates
Nitrates
SUMMARY
Identify sources of nitrate
pollution and investigate the
effects of high nitrate exposure
on human health.
Determine the relationship be-
tween high nitrate levels and
hypertension in the young and
suggest methods to reduce hyper-
tension morbidity and mortality.
Relationship between nitrates,
nltrosamines, and gastric
cancer in high nitrate areas;
formulation and occurrence of
nitrosamines in plants; impli-
cations of high nitrate drinking
water on heart diseases;
central effects of nitrates
among human population; signi-
ficance of vitamin C prophylaxis
against nitrate and nitrosamine
toxicity .
-------
TABLE 3-1
HEALTH EFFECTS
B. Inorganic Solutes
(continued)
PROJECT
NUMBER
126
149*
24
91
125
PROJECT TITLE
Some Epidemiological
Aspects of Gastric
Carcinoma (CC) in
Transylvania (Romania)
Mineral Analysis of
Water
Effects of Water
Supply lodinatlon on
Thyroid Function
The Effect of School
Water Fluoridatioa on
Dental Caries
Relationship between
Gastric Cancer and
Nitrates and Nitrites
in Drinking Water
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Academy of Medical
Sciences, Inst. of
Oncology
Univ. of Arkansas
Agricultural
Experimental
Station
Beth Israel
Hospital
HEW
Public Health Serv.
Nat'l. lust, of
Health
Hebrew Univ. of
Jerusalem
Hadassah Medical
School
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
No formal support
reported
Arkansas Stale
Government
HEW
HEW
No formal
support reported
PROJECT
DATES
10/76-9/77
10/76-9/77
10/75-9/76
7/75-6/76
10/76-9/77
CONTAMINANTS
Nitrates, nitrites
Magnesium, iron.
manganese, calcium,
chloride, sodium
bicarbonate, mercury
nitrate
Iodine
Fluoride
Nitrates, nitrites
SUMMARY
Determine the relationship
between nitrosamines and gastric
carcinoma. Detect secondary
amines in foodstuffs, and
measure the content of nitrates
and nitrites in water.
Study water quality as re-
lated to health of farm
families.
Part of a broader program in
which clinical research will be
conducted at the General Clinical
Research Center on diseases of
the heart, endocrine system,
renal system, blood, digestive
system, nervous system, and
on genetic diseases.
Study the effects of fluori-
dation on incidence of dental
caries on a specific population.
Geographic epidemiology of
gastric cancer in Israel and
correlation with chemical
analysis of drinking water
supplies.
-------
TAULE 3-1
HEAL'ft! EFFECTS
B. Inorganic Solutes
(concluded)
PROJECT
NUMBER
276
2i)5
281
PROJECT TITLE
The Assessment of
Chlorine Dioxide In
Drinking Water on Hemato-
poietic System of
African Green Monkeys
Effect of Polyphosphute
Compounds Used in
Drinking Water Treat-
ment Oil Trace Metal
Metabolism
EpJ demiological Study
of Water Quality and
Cardiovascular Disease
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
Unknown
Purdue Univ.
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
In progress as
of 4/77
Grant proposal
being prepared
as of till!
In progress as
of 4/77
CONTAMINANTS
Chlorine dioxide
Polyphoaphate
Metals
S UMMARY
To investigate the hematopoietic ef-
fects of chlorine dioxide in drinking
water of African Green monkeys.
Not provided.
Correlate water quality, specifically
metal contaminat ion, with cardiovascu-
lar disease.
Project i? also occurs in Table 3-1-A.
I'rojL-cCs 16 and 149 also occur jn Table 3-3-B.
-------
TABLE 3-i
HEALTH EFFECTS
C. Microbiological Pollutants
PROJECT
NUMBER
78
54
183
PROJECT TITLE
Health Significance of
Klebsiella ppeumonlae in
Drinking Water Emanating
ft am Redwood Tanks
Infectivity and Patho-
genicity of Enteroviruses
Ingested with Drinking
Water
Determine Minimal Oral
Infectious Dose of Human
Enterovirus from Water
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Oregon State Univ.
Water Resources Res.
Inst.
Univ. of Wisconsin
Food Res. Inst.
Univ. of Wisconsin
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
DO I
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
7/76-6/77
10/75-10/76
In progress as
of A/77
CONTAMINANTS
Bacteria
Viruses
Enteroviruses
i
SUMMARY
Formulate recommendations on the
impact to human health when K.
pneuraonlae and other coliforms
are present in drinking water
emanating from redwood tanks.
Determine by use of swine the
quantity of enteroviruses which
must be ingested with drinking
water to produce an infection or
disease.
Not provided.
I
1—•
-o
-------
TABLE 3-1
HEALTH EFFECTS
D. Particulates
PROJECT
NUMBER
43
115
90
124
182
IHi
1 - ..
PROJECT TITLE
Asbestos in Domestic
Water Supplies and Cancer
Incidence in Five
California Counties
Study of Asbestos Bodies
in Lung Tissues
Study of Effect of
Asbestos Fibers on
Tissues
Cancer Mortality in the
Last Twenty Years in
Specific Counties arid
Cities of Minnesota
The Carcinogenic Proper-
ties of Orally ingested
Asbestos in Animal Models
Asbestos and G.I. Tract
Caucer: Cell Culture
Studies
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Univ. of
California
Sch. of Public
Health
U.S. Veterans
Administration
Hospital
Univ. of
Minnesota
School of
Medicine
Univ. of Nebraska
School of Medicine
Hazeiton Laborator-
ies and ITT Research
Institute
Naylor-Dana Inst.
tor Disease Preven-
tion of the American
Health Federation
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
U.S. Veteran:
Admlnls .
HEW
No formal
support
recorded
UEU
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
4/76-4/77
6/76-5/77
7/75-9/76
7/75-6/76
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
CONTAMINANTS
Asbestos
Asbestos
Asbestos
Asbestos
Asbestos
Asbestos
I
SUMMARY
Determine the associations
between the presence of as-
bestos fibers In drinking
Evaluate the effects of asbestos
fibers in drinking water on the
health of a select population.
Collect and store biologic
samples tor future use, and
analyse radiographic materials
of long-term Duluth residents.
Study of the cancer pattern in
the Duluth population (exposed)
and other counties and cities
of Minnesota (non-exposed) .
To study the carcinogenic prop-
erties of different types of
asbestos fibers in rats and
hams te rs .
To determine the toxic and muta-
genic effects of asbestos on the
colon using human colon-cell
tissue cultures.
e
i
-------
TABLE 3-1
HEALTH EFFECTS
D. Partieulates
(concluded)
PROJECT
NUMBER
180
179
174
PROJECT TITLE
Effects of Sized
Asbestos Fibers on
Cellular DNA, Membrane
Structure-Function,
Intermediary Metabo- '
I ism, and Cellular
Transformation by
Physical, Chemical, or
Viral Carcinogen
Epidemiological Study
of Use of Asbestos-
Cement Pipe in Con-
necticut
Feasibility of Study
of Duluth Exposure
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Ohio State Univ.
EPA
Minnesota Dept. of
Health
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
In progress as
of 4/77
Report was !
being reviewed
as of 4/77
In progress as
of 4/77
CONTAMINANTS
Asbestos
Asbestos
Asbestos
SUMMARY
Asbestos studied for ability to (a) in-
duce DNA damage in cell cultures; (b)
inhibit transformation of human skin
fibroblasts with feline sarcoma virus;
(c) effect cyclic nucleotide metabolism
in diploid human fibroblasts; (d) alter
glycolipid labeling patterns on hamster
cell surfaces.
Investigate the use of A-C pipe for
public water supply and the incidence of
gastrointestinal cancer in Connecticut.
Feasibility study for Investigating the
health consequences of reducing asbestos
in Duluth drinking water.
I
ro
-------
TABLE 3-1
HEALTH EFFECTS
E. Radioactive Pollutants
1'KOJECT
NUMBER
61
42
23
38
PROJECT TITLE
International Symposium
on Areas of High Natural
Radioactivity
Investigation of the Neo-
plastic and Life Span
Effects on Potentially
Sensitive Populations
of Rats Chronically
Exposed to Tritiated
Water
Sampling Radium in
Drinking Water
Effects of Different
Forms of Selenium in
Drinking Water
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Pontifical
Catholic University
Inac. of Physics
Dawson Research
Corp .
New York Univ.
Ohio State Univ.
School of
Pharmacy
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
ERDA
EPA
HEW
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
11/71-10/75
1/76-4/77
1/76-12/76
6/75-5/76
CONTAMINANTS
Not specified
Tritium
Radium
Selenium -75
SUMMARY
Worldwide inventory of areas with
high natural radioactivity;
review status of current investi-
gations; assess the extent to
which research in high natural
radioactive areas can add to
knowledge of effects of chronic
exposure.
Long-term health effects on
pregnant and non-pregnant
female rats .
Study biochemical mode of action
of environmental toxicants.
Examine influence of dosage on
disposition and metabolism of
various selenluiit-75 compounds.
-------
TABLE 3-1
HEALTH EFFECTS
F. General
PROJECT
NUMBER
7
67
120
32
PROJECT TITLE
Etiology of Esophagus in
Caspian Littoral of Iran
Chlorination of Munition
Wastewater Chemicals and
Potential Mutagenic
Effects
Health Losses from
Drinking Water
Contamination
Health Benefits of
Improved Water
Supplies
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
International
Agency for Re-
search on Cancer
Stanford Research
Institute
EPA
U.S. bept. of
Commerce ,
International
Statis. Prog.
Center
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
HEW
DOD
EPA
U.S. Dept. of
State
PROJECT
DATES
6/76-5/77
7/75-6/76
7/74-6/75
7/76-6/77
CONTAMINANTS
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
SUMMARY
Identify and compare causative
factors associated with high
incidence of esophageal cancer
in high altitute and arid
regions of Iran.
Assess mutagenic hazard potential
of chlorinated munitions waste.
Develop environmental quality
standards for munition plants.
Quantify sickness and absenteeism
rates of elementary school
children affected by drinking
water contamination in selected
communit ies .
A feasibility study for long-
term field study of pre-school
children to develop evidence on
specific quantitative levels of
water supply required to pro-
vide health and nutrition
benefits. Develop indicators
to estimate those benefits.
V-0
Cj
-------
TABLE 3~1
HEALTH EFFECTS
F. General
(continued)
PROJECT
NUMBER
101
127
275
269
21
PROJECT TITLE
Development of Criteria for
Wastewater Reuse Standards
Epidemiological Study o£
Bladder Cancer
Water Source and Character-
istics and Malignancy Rates
of Selected Sites and
Selected Parishes in
Louisiana
Study of Cancer in Eight
Pennsylvania Counties in
Relation to Environmental
Exposure with Analyses of
Role of Drinking Water
Environmental Influences on
Cancer Morbidity in the
Pittsburg Region
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
U.S. Army Medical
Bioengineering
Research and
Development Lab.
Nat'l Cancer
Institute of
Canada
Tulane Univ.
EPA
University of
Pittsburgh
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
UOiJ
Nat'l Cancel-
Institute of
Canada
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
10/76-9/77
4/76-3/77
Grant to be
awarded as
of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
CONTAMINANTS
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
SUMMARY
Study health effects associated
with renovation and reuse of
wastewater In both potable and
non-potable applications.
Determine the relative contri-
bution of known or suspected
ingested carcinogens factors
to the etiology of bladder
cancer.
To study correlation of water
quality with cancer in the
New Orleans area.
To use hospital and mortality
data to study the relationship
of cancer to environmental expo-
sure with analyses of role of
drinking water.
Based on the results to date, it
appears that the incidence of
cancers by specific sites cannot
be regarded as independent of
water surface areas or water
supply types.
(NJ
.P..
-------
TABLE 3-1
HEALTH EFFECTS
F. General
(concluded)
PROJECT
NUMBER
255
207
PROJECT TITLE
Mutagenlc Testing of
Environmental Samples
State-of-the-Art on the
Health Effects Associated
with Direct and Indirect
Reuse of Renovated
Municipal Uastewater for
Potable Purposes
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Stanford Research
Institute
SCS Engineers
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
Project was
completed as
of 4/77
Final draft of
report expected
in 4/77
CONTAMINANTS
Not specified
Not specified
SUMMARY
Water samples were tested for
mutagenic activity using Salmonella
ty.pliiinuriu.iii.
Not provided.
VjJ
I
ro
-------
TABU; 3-2
ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT
ro
ON
PROJECT
NUMBER
18
19
1
8
6
69
PROJECT TITLE
The influence of water pol-
lution of the Sava River
ou the ranney-type wells
In Belgrade.
Determination of Ra-226
in surface and drinking
water .
investigation of Tritium
Level in the Environment
of the Karlsruhe Nuclear
Research Center
Hydrology of Central
Nevada Nuclear Test Site
Irrigation and Ground
Water Quality
Fate of Selected Air
Force Propellants and
Lubricant Additives in the
Aquatic Environment.
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Univ. of Belgrade
Sch. of Elect.
Eng.
Univ. of Ljubljana
J. Stefan lost.
Society for Nuclear
Research
DO I
DO I
Syracuse Univ.
Research Corp.
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
International
Atomic Energy
Agency
International
Atomic Energy
Agency
International
Atomic Energy
Agency
DOI
DOI
BOD
PROJECT
DATES
7/75-6/76
7/75-6/76
10/76-9/77
7/75-9/76
7/75-9/76
10/76-9/77
CONTAMINANTS
Radioactive
Isotopes
Radiuin-226
Tritium
Radioact ive
Isotopes
Herbicides,
Insecticides
Fertilizers
Lubricant and
Propellant
additives
SUMMARY
Measure isotope level, and the tempera-
ture and chemistry of water from lakes
and wells, to determine the influence
of Sava River water on water supply
wells .
Occurrence and movement of radiuui-
226 in rivers, springs and bore-
holes .
Determine tritium levels in
drinking water at various distances
from Karlsruhe.
Monitor and define geologic and
hydrologic environment of test
site to determine transport of
radioactive products.
Determine seasonal and long-term
changes in ground- and surface water
quality resulting from applications
of fertilizers, insecticides, and
herbicides on the land surface.
Investigate degradation of pol-
lutants in naturally occurring aquatic
communities; identify resulting
products; determine sorption and
dlsorption in lake sediments; examine
uptake, transformation and metabolism
bv fish and phvtoplankton.
-------
TABLE 3-2
ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT
(continued)
PROJECT
NUMBER
72
77*
80*
93
111
PROJECT TITLE
Trace Metals in Drinking
Water - Effect of
Distribution System
An Investigation of
Chlorine-Containing Organic
Compounds in Chlorinated
Milwaukee Sewage
The Determination of
Pesticide Residues in
Cistern and Ground Water
Supplies in the Virgin
Islands
Prototype Electrical Analog
Model of Western Long
Island, NY - Phase 2
Dynamics of the Trans-
uranics and Other Radio-
nuclides in the Marshall
Islands
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Univ. of
Massachusetts
School of Arts
Univ. of Wisconsin
Water Chemical
Lab.
College of Virgin
Islands
Undergrad. School
DO I
Univ. of
California
Lawrence LIveriuore
Laboratory
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
DOI
DO I
DOI
DOI
ERDA
PROJECT
DATES
4/75-9/75
7/76-6/77
7/75-6/76
7/75-9/76
7/75-6/76
CONTAMINANTS
Trace metals
Organo Chlorine
Compounds
Malathion
Trace metals
Radlonuclldes
SUMMARY
Determine sources, sinks, chemical
transformation, and transport
mechanisms of trace metals in public
water supply distribution systems.
Distribution and fate of selected
compounds .
Determine rate of degradation under
local weather conditions.
Determine sources, sinks, chemical
transformation, and transport mech-
anisms of trace uietals in public
water supply distribution systems.
Investigate the physcial, chemical
and biological transport and fate
of the transuranics and other radio-
nuclides in the waters of Bikini and
Enewetak Atolls.
-------
TABLE 3-2
ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT
(continued)
PROJECT
NUMBER
112
113
119
123
109*
PROJECT TITLE
Transuranics In Environmen-
mental Systems
Great Lakes Radioecology
Transport Processes of
Selected Radionuclides
In the Environment
Geologic Studies to Iden-
tify Sources of Barium and
Radium in Illinois Ground-
Water Supplies
Radioactivity in the
Biosphere
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
ERDA Environmental
Transport Division
Argonne National
Laboratory
EPA
State Geological
Survey
ERDA
Environmental
Studies Division
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
ERDA
ERDA
EPA
Illinois State
Government
ERDA
PROJECT
DATES
7/75-6/76
7/75-6/76
7/74-6/75
10/76-9/77
7/75-6/76
CONTAMINANTS
Plutonium
Radionuclldes
Tritium
Plutonium
Barium
Radium
Strontium
SUMMARY
Develop new and improved data on
plutonium transport through and
changes within the environmental
systems of the S.E. United States.
Develop a capability of predicting
the fate of artificial radiunuclides
intentionally or accidently intro-
duced Into the Great Lakes.
Food chain pathways will be ex-
amined for points , modes, and
magnitudes of entry as well as re-
cycling phenomena tor selected
radionuclides.
Examine possible geologic sources for
radioactive radium and barium and
possible mechanisms for their trans-
port into water supplies.
Study accumulation of strontium-90
in wan, under various conditions.
ro
oo
-------
TAULE 3-2
ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT
(concluded)
PROJECT
NUMBER
170
195
214*
288*
155
PROJECT TITLE
Accumulation and Passage of
Pollutants In Domestic
Septic Tank Disposal Fields
The Sources of tlalogenated
Materials in an Urbanized
Hater Supply
Study of Migration of
Polynuclear Aromatic
Hydrocarbons from Asphalt -
Coated Pipe into Distri-
bution Waters
Cross-Transmission of
Giardia
Subsurface Sewage
Disposal - Survival and
Translocation of Fecal
Bacteria in Selected
Terrace Soils Adjacent to
the Willamette Valley
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Texas AW
University
EPA
Rutgers University
Cook College
Dept. of Science
EPA
Water Supply
Research Division
Colorado State
University
Oregon State
University
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
D01
PROJECT1
DATES
In progress
as of 3/77
5/76-5/78
11/76-12/78
In progress
as of 4/77
7/76-6/77
CONTAMINANTS
Pollutants from
septic tanks
tlalogenated organics
Polynuclear
aromatic hydro-
carbons
(PAH)
Parasite
Not specified
SUMMARY
To provide information concerning
the nature and fate, in the subsurface
environment, of pollutants released
into the earth's crust in domestic
septic tank disposal fields.
Determine nature and concentration
of halogenated organics present in
water supply; influence of chlorination;
relative importance of various sources.
Determine whether PAH migrate from
pipe linings into water.
To determine if animals could act as
sources for contamination of drinking
water supplies with Glardia cysts and
to refine techniques for the detection
of cysts in water.
Determining the survival of fecal
coliforms, fecal streptococci, and
salmonellae In certain soils, and
assessing which of the bacterial
parameters Is most suitable to use
in terms of reliability as an in-
dicator organism.
Projects 77, 80 and 214 also occur in Table 3-3-A.
Project 288 also occurs in Table 3-3-C.
Project 109 also occurs in Table 3-3-E.
-------
TABLE 3-3
MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING
A. Organic Solutes
PROJECT
NUMBER
77*
37
41*
70
74
PROJECT TITLE
Ail Investigation of
Chlorine-Containing Organic
Compounds in Chlorinated
Milwaukee Sewage
Monitoring of Polynuclear
Aromatic Hydrocarbons in
Selected U.S. Waters
Determination and Evalu-
ation of Environmental
Levels of Selected Toxic
Substances
Methods for Determining
Trace Organic Solutes in
Potable and Other Water
Suppl ies
Carcinogenic Nilrosauiines
and Their Precursors in
Fresh und Polluted Waters
Phase 1
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Univ. of Wisconsin
Hater Chem. Lab.
Syracuse Unlv,
Graduate School
Battelle
Memorial Institute
Iowa State Univ.
Division of Science
and Technology
Grad. School
Cornell Univ.
School of Argi-
cultural and Life
Sciences
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
DOI
EPA
EPA
NSF
DOI
PROJECT
DATES
7/76-6/77
6/75-5/76
7/75-6/76
10/76-9/77
1/75-6/76
CONTAMINANTS
Organochlorine
Compounds
Polynuclear aromatic
hydrocarbons
Trichloroethylene ,
Methyl Chloroform,
Acrylamides, Aryl
Phosphates, Organo-
tin
Wot specified
Nit rosamines
SUMMARY
Identify and quantify chlorine-contain-
ing organic compounds formed during
chlorination and possible organic pre-
cursors in Milwaukee sewage effluent.
Separate, identify^ and quantltate
polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in
selected natural and treated waters
in the U.S.
Collect and analyze concentrations of
these agents In surface and drinking
water, ground water, soil, food, sedi-
ment, aquatic and terrestrial organ-
Isms, human tissues and body fluids;
study methods of sample collection,
interferences, meteorological data,
and analytical techniques.
Improved analytical methodology -
resin extraction. Develop technology
for analysis of organic pollutants.
Determine occurrence in natural waters;
establish occurrence of aiuine precur-
sors; define environmental conditions
favoring formation, accumulation, and
persistence of nitrosamines in natural
waters.
I
UJ
-------
TABLE 3-3
MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING
A. Organic Solutes
(continued)
PROJECT
NUMBER
105
26
80*
154
51
309*
PROJECT TITLE
Mechanism of the Reaction
of Bromine and Polyhydric
Phenols to Form Brominated
Methane Compounds
Elect rocatalysis and
Organic Electroanalysls
The Determination of
Pesticide Residues in
Cistern and Ground Water
Supplies in the Virgin
islands
High Speed Liquid Chroma-
tography as an Environ-
mental Monitor of Non-
Volatile Organic Pollu-
tants in Water
Develop Automatic Samplers
for Trace Organics in
Water
Investigations of Nitro-
samines in Deionized
and Drinking Water
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
U.S. Army Medical
Bioeng. Research &
Development Lab
Iowa State Univ. of
Science & Technology
School of Humanities
and Sciences
College of Virgin
Islands
Undergraduate
School
Univ. of Missouri
Midwest Research
Institute
Eastern Regional
Research Center,
ARS, US DA
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
DOD
NSF
DOI
DO I
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
10/76-9/77
11/76-10/77
7/75-6/76
7/76-6/77
9/76-9/77
Not
specified
CONTAMINANTS
Not specified
Polycyclic aro-
maticsf hydro-
carbons, phenols,
nitrosamines
Malathion
Not specified
Not specified
Amines, nitrosamines
SUMMARY
Investigate the products formed from
the reaction of bromine and polyhydric
phenols .
Develop accurate analytical deter-
minations based on measurement of
mass-transport limited electrode cur-
rent. Compounds of interest are
polycyclic aromatics, hydrocarbons,
phenols, and nitrosamines present at
trace levels in drinking water.
Determine pesticide residues in
water supplies; recovery of pesticides
from waters with high salts; rate of
degradation of malathion under local
weather conditions.
Develop systematic and sequential
methods of analysis of non-volatile
organtcs to monicor quality of water
during various stages of treatment.
Design, develop, construct, and evalu-
ate an automatic sampler for both
volatile and non-volatile organics
In water.
Determine the possible role of adsor-
bants, primarily ion-exchange resins,
on the formation of nitroiamines in
drinking water. In addition, the
water supply at the Eastern Research
Center will be monitored for nitrite,
nitrate, amines and nitrosamines.
-------
TABLE 3-3
MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING
A. Organic Solutes
(continued)
PROJECT-
NUMBER
29«*
11B
117
73
56
128
PROJECT TITLE
Analysis of Ammonia and
Primary Amines in Hater
Identification of
Organics in AWT Effluents
Validation of Methods
for Identification of
Health-Related Organics
in Tap Water
Assessment of Organic
Contaminants in Uater
A Parametric Assessment
and Optimization of
Volatile Organic
Analysis Methods
Biological Role of
Specific Organic Com-
pounds in Aquatic Eco-
systems Produced by Oil
Shale Development
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
American Univ.
School of Arts
EPA
Health Effects
Research Lab
EPA
Health Effects
Research Lab
Univ. of North
Carolina
School of Public
Health
Virginia
Polytechnic
Institute and
State Univ.
Utah State Univ.
Utah Water
Research Lab
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
DO I
EPA
EPA
DO I
EPA
Utah State
Univ.
PROJECT
DATES
11/74-11/75
7/75-6/76
7/75-6/76
7/76-6/77
10/76-10/77
7/76-6/77
CONTAMINANTS
Primary Amines
Ammonia
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
SUMMARY.
Develop a quantitative colorimetric
assay for ammonia and primary amines
found in natural and treated waters.
Identify organic compounds in the
residuals from seven advanced waste
treatment effluents for organics.
Evaluate methods of organic chemical
characterization and identification
of organics from tap water in order
to study the occurrence and effects
of organic contaminants in drinking
water.
Evaluate existing and new analytical
procedures for assessment of the
organic contaminants in natural
waters .
Investigate analytic techniques and,
in particular, variation introduced
by modifications in sampling methods,
hardware, and software.
Identify and measure the organic
contaminants generated from various
energy producing processes, and evalu-
ate the biological role of these
organics.
-------
TAU1.E 3-3
MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING
A. Organic Solutes
(continued)
PROJECT
NUMBER
76
25*
161*
172
!
EROJECT TITLE
Organic Quality of
Grounduater
Study of Environmental
Occurrence of N-Nitroao
Compounds
Plasma Esterase
Alterations in Mice
Fed Carcinogens and/or
the Food Additive,. .lillT
Recovery of Pesticides
from Water
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Univ. of Arizona
School of
Engineering
MIT School of
Science
ERDA
Biology Division
Susquehanna Univ.
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
DOI
I1EU
ERDA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
7/75-6/76
9/75-6/76
7/75-6/76
In progress
as of 4/77
CONTAMINANTS
Not specified
N-nitroso compounds
Not specified
Halo forms
SUMMARY
Attempt to correlate organic levels
in groundwater with the amounts of
wastewater recharged into the basin.
Develop methodology for isolation,
determination, and identification of
volatile and non-volatile N-nitroso
compounds in food and food systems;
study conditions favorable to their
formation .
Establish an assay utilizing tht
electrophcretic pattern of plasma
esterases for the detection of
carcinogens and/or roxJns.
Not provided.
-------
TABLE 3-3
MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING
A. Organic Solutes
(continued)
PKOJEC'l
NUMBER
193
216
220
271
214*
PROJECT TITLE
r •
Clilorination of Aquatic
llumlc Substances
Develop a Method for
the Determination of
Total Organic Chlorine
(TOC1) Content of Water
Byproducts of Chlorination
on Activated Carbon
Man's Exposure to llalogen-
ated Organics from hia
Drinking Water
Study of Migration of
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydro-
carbons from Asphalt Coated
Pipe into Distribution
Waters
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Univ. of North
Carolina
EPA
Univ. of
Illinois
Jniv. of Miami
EPA
Vater Supply
Research Div .
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
7/76-7/79
3/77-6/78
3/77-6/79
In progress
as of 4/77
11/76-12/78
CONTAMINANTS
Tri ha lome thane
Organic chlorine
Not specified
llalogenated
organ ics
Polynuclear
aromat ic
hydrocarbons
(PAH)
SUMMARY
Establish contribution of aquatic
humic material to triualomethane
production; characterize chemical
reactions between chlorine and aqueous
huuilc materials; assess water treat-
ment implications.
Evaluation of ''pyrohydrolysis"
technique for determination of
TOC1 .
Determine the organic compounds
in the effluent of a granular
activated carbon bed receiving
chlorinated water.
Method development, sampling, and
analysis of halogenated organics
in water and in human fat and
blood .
Review and select analysis pro-
cedure for determination of PAH
in water.
-------
TABLE 3-3
MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING
A. Organic Solutes
(continued)
PROJECT
NUMBER
212
277
171
134
44
PROJECT TITLE
The Effects of Ozone on
Organics In Masteuater
Identification and Quanti-
fication of Non-Volatile
Organic Substances in
Municipal Water Supplies
Water Supply Identification
and Measurement - Develop
and Improve Techniques for
Concentrating and Separating
Organics from Drinking
Hater
Water Supply Identification
and Measurement - Establish
Sources of Organics in
Drinking Water
Water Supply Identification
and Measurement - Establish
Sources of Organics in
Drinking Water
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Univ. of Colorado
Southern Univ.
EPA
North Texas
State Univ.
Midwest Research
Institute
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
ID progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
CONTAMINANTS
Not specified
Not .specified
Not specified
Mot specified
Not specified
SUMMARY
Determine volatile components of
wastewater before and after
ozonizat ion.
Water samples from wells at
Southern Univ. and Baton Rouge
were passed over activated carbon
and XAD-4 resins, extracted, and
analyzed for non-volatile organics
by GC (electron capture detector)
and by liquid chromatography .
To develop an analytical scheme for
survey analysis of organics in
water which will enable identification
and measurement of volatile and
low-volatile organics.
To study organics in chlorinated
municipal waste.
To identify organics ii> pesti-
cide manufacturing wastes.
-------
TABLE 3-3
MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING
A. Organic Solutes
(cunt inuetl)
PROJECT
NUMBER
159
256
199
167
257
PROJECT TITLE
Water Supply Identification
and Measurement - Compre-
hensive Assessment of
Organics In Drinking Water
GC/MS Analysis of Organics
la Drinking Hater Concen-
trates
National Screening
Program for Organics in
Drinking Water
Effect of Organic Chemicals
on Aquiclude Materials
Application of Liquid
Chromatography to
Identification of Organics
in Tap Water
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
Toxicological
Assessment
Branch
Stanford Research
Institute
EPA
Ground Water
Research Branch
EPA
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
awarded
3/77
Award of
grant was
under final
negotiation
as of 1/77
in progress
as of kill
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
CONTAMINANTS
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
SUMMARY
drinking water that are not
addressed by presently used
survey methods.
Not provided.
Develop screening technology;
analyze samples from 400 cities,
transfer technology to treatment
plants for routine monitoring.
To determine the effect of in-
dustrial wastes containing
organic solvents on the
permeability of clay liners in
lagoons.
To fractionate organic concen-
trates from the water collected
in projects 253 and 254.
OJ
I
cr\
-------
TABLE 3-3
MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING
A. Organic Solutes
(concluded)
PROJECT
NUMBER
272
168
140*
138*
PROJECT TITLE
Analyses Co Evaluate Organic
Chemical Exposure in Support
of Epidemiological Studies
Bioorganic Indicators of
Ground Hater Pollution
Carcinogenic Nitrosamines
and Precursors in the
Biological Environment
Discovery and Control
of Natural Toxicants
in the Food Chain
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
Ground Uater
Research Branch
Univ. of Mew
Hampshire
Agricultural Ex-
perimental Station
Colorado State
Univ.
Agricultural Ex-
perimental
Station
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
USDA
USDA
PROJECT
DATES
Grant to be
awarded as of
EPA quarterly
report dated
kill
In progress
as of 4/77
10/76-9/77
10/76-9/77
CONTAMINANTS
Halogenated
organics
Not specified
Nitrosamines
Organic nltro
compounds
SUMMARY
Analyze water samples for TGC and
purgeable halogenated organics.
To study possible biochemical and
organic chemical indicators of
subsurface pollution.
Determine the relationship between
high levels of nitrates and the
occurrence of nitrosaiaines in water
and in plants.
Detect, isolate, measure, and
characterize the natural toxicants
found in foods.
Projects 2b and 161 also occur in Table 3-1-A.
Projects 41, 138, J40 and 298 also occur in Table 3-3-B.
Projects 77, 80 and 214 also occur in Table 3-2.
Project 309 also occurs in Tables 3-3-B and 3-4-A.
-------
TABLE 3-3
MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING
b. Inorganic Solutes
PROJECT
NUMBER
UO
41*
66
149*
16*
PROJECT TITLE
Toxic Trace Metal Emis-
sions from Lead and Zinc
Sineltera - The Dose to
Man
Determination and Evalu-
ation of Environmental
Levels of Selected Toxic
Substances
Analysis by Flarneless
Atomic Absorption i
Mineral Analysis of
Water
Seattle Study of Trace
Elements from Drinking
Uater
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Univ. of
California
Lawrence Livermore
Laboratory
Battelle
Memorial Institute
Louisiana State
Univ.
School of Science
Univ. of Arkansas
Agricultural Ex-
periment Station
Seattle King. Co.
Dept. of Health
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
ERDA
EPA
DO I)
Arkansas State
Government
HEW
PROJECT
DATES
7/75-6/76
7/75-6/76
10/76-9/77
10/76-9/77
5/76-4/77
CONTAMINANTS
Cadmium, arsenic,
selenium, mercury,
lead, zinc, silver,
gold, Indium, copper
tin
Cadmium, mercury,
lead
Copper, iron,
manganese, zinc,
silver, cadmium,
lead, arsenic,
selenium, chromium,
barium, mercury
Magnesium,
iron, manganese,
calcium, chloride,
sodium, mercury,
nitrate, bicarbonate
Cadmium, copper,
lead, zinc
SUMMARY
Evaluate the total heavy metal intake
of a population near lead and zinc
smelters, through air, food, and water
analysis.
Collect and analyze concentrations in
surface and drinking water, ground
water, soil, food, sediment, aquatic
and terrestrial organisms, human tis-
sues and body fluids. Study methods
of sample collection, interferences,
meteorological data, and analytical
techniques.
Provide a laboratory method for
trace metals analysis, that is simple,
sensitive, and less expensive than
methods currently available.
Analyze domestic and irrigation
water for various inorganic com-
ponents.
Measure changes in trace metals in
tap water as the city reduces cor-
rosiveness of water supply; relate
these changes to levels of trace metals
in available tissues of residents.
-------
TABLE 3-3
MEASUREMENT AND MON1T01UNG
B. Inorganic Solutes
(continued)
PROJECT
NUMBER
106
22
140"
*
138
153
k
309*
i
PERFORMING
PROJECT TITLE ORGANIZATION
Development of Improved
Field Teat Procedure for
Determining Chlorine
Residuals in Aqueous
Solutions
fluoride Content of
Infant Foods
Carcinogenic Nitro-
samines and Precursors
in the Biological En-
vironment
Discovery and Control
of Natural Toxicants
in the Food Chain
Nitrates in Soil,
Water and Plants
Inhalation of Mercury
Vapor-Trace Element
Studies - Absorption of
Mercury by Dental
Personnel
Investigations of Nitro-
samines in Deionized and
Drinking Water
U.S. Army Medical
Bioeng. Res. &
Dev. Lab
Univ. of
Minnesota
School of Medicine
Univ. of New
Hampshire
Agricultural Ex-
perimental Station
Colorado State
Univ.
Agricultural Ex-
perimental Station
Cornell Univ.
Victoria Univ. of
Manchester
Eastern Regional
Research Center,
ARS, USDA
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
DOD
HEW
USDA
USDA
USDA
United Kingdom
Univ. of
Manchester
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
10/76-9/77
7/75-6/76
10/76-9/77
10/76-9/77
10/76-9/77
7/74-6/75
Not
specified
CONTAMINANTS
Chlorine compounds
Fluoride
Nitrate
Nitrate
Nitrate
Mercury, strontium
Nitrite, nitrate
SUMMARY
To modify the facts procedures for
use in determination of combined
available chlorine in military water
supplies.
Monitor fluoride content of baby
foods produced using different
water supplies.
Determine the relationship between
high levels of nitrates and the
occurrence of nitrosamines in water
and in plants.
Detect, isolate, measure, and
characterize the natural toxicants
found in foods.
Identify microbial products formed
in soil, water, and culture during
nitrification or nitrate reduction,
with particular emphasis on nitro-
samines .
Measure uptake of mercury in rat
tissues as a result of alteration of
environmental concentrations; re-
lationship of strontium levels in
hard dental tissues as a function of
concentration in water supplies;
measurement of mercury in body tissues
of dental personnel.
Determine the possible role of adsor-
bauts, primarily ion-exchange resins,
on the formation of nitrosamines in
drinking water. In addition, the
water supply at the Eastern Research
Center will be monitored for nitrite,
nitrate, amines and nitrosamines.
-------
TABLE 3-3
MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING
B. Inorganic Solutes
(continued)
PROJECT
NUMBER
298*
147
158
278
279
287
PROJECT TITLE
Analysis of Ammonia and
Primary Amines in Water
Interrelationship of
Mercury Concentration in
beef, Milk, Soils, Plants,
and Water
Biochemical Significance
of Arsenical Pollutants in
a Potable Water Supply
Survey of Community Drink-
ing Water Supplies for
Inorganic Contaminants
Not in the Drinking Water
Standards
A Study of Materials
Leached from Plastic
Pipe in a Dynamic
System
Analytical Support for
Study of the Body Burden
of Trace Elements (Pb,
f e , Cu, Zn) in Boston
Before and After Addi-
tion of Corrosion
Control Chemical
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
American Univ.
School of Arts
North Dakota State
Univ.
Rutgers, The State
Univ.
Purdue Univ.
Ceorgia Inst. of
Technology
EPA
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
D01
USDA
DO I
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
11/74-11/75
10/76-9/77
7/76-6/77
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
CONTAMINANTS
Ammonl a
Mercury
Arsenic
Iron, copper,
manganese, zinc,
arsenic, lead,
mercury
Lead, zinc, copper,
cadmium, tin, or-
ganotin
Lead, iron, copper,
zinc
SUMMARY
Develop a quantitative colorlmetrlc
assay for ammonia and primary amines
found in natural and treated water.
Study the concentration of mercury
in beef and milk produced in North
Dakota and the relationship of the
mercury content of soils, plants and
water to that in beef and milk pro-
duced within a North Dakota watershed.
Study the conditions under which
arsenic is released into water.
Five percent of the samples had levels
of arsenic, lead, and/or mercury ex-
ceeding the OWS while 10 percent ex-
ceeded the standard for iron, copper,
manganese, and/or zinc.
Assess methodology and subsequently
study materials leached from plastic
pipe.
Use flameless atomic absorbt Ion
technology in support of studies of
the body burden of trace elements.
-------
TABLE 3-3
MEASUREMENT AND MOM I TORINO
B. Inorganic Solutes
(conel tided)
PROJECT
NUMBER
289
304
300
231
233
226
232
PROJECT TITLE
Physiological Availa-
bility of Metals in
Water Compared to Food
Arsenic Speciation in
Water Samples
Inorganic Analyses of
Drinking Water in High
and Low Cancer Counties
Portable ASV Prototype
Index for Predicting
Corrosion in Metal Pipes
Chlorine Demand of N-
Chloro Compounds
Water (Duality Effects
Related to Blending
Waters of Different
Origins in Distribu-
tion Systems
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Oregon State Univ.
Texas A6.M Univ.
Purdue Univ. , EPA
Lawrence Berkeley
Labs
Univ. of Florida
EPA
Metropolitan Water
Dist. of Southern
California
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
In progress as
of 4/77
In progress as
of 4/77
In progress as
of 4/77
10/76-10/78
3/77-3/79
4/76-9/77
8/76-y/78
CONTAMINANTS
Cadmium, selenium
Arsenic
Fluoride, sodium,
lithium
Metals
Metals
N-chloro compounds
Metals
SUMMARY
Use radloisotopes to determine the ab-
sorption of cadmium and selenium from
food and water.
Analysis of 2 Alaskan well waters for
concentration and form of arsenic.
Multielementai analyses by Purdue and
inhouse inorganic analyses fur pfi ,
alkalinity, specific conditions,
fluoride, sodium, lithium, ultraviolet
absorption, fluorescence.
Develop and demonstrate ^ prototype
portable anodic-stripping voitammetry
(ASV) instrument for measurement of
trace concentrations of metals in water
samples .
Determine relationship between common
corrosion indices and the effect of
water om metal pipes.
Determine chlorine demand of N-chloro
compounds and identify those that exist
in natural water supplies.
Evaluate effects of blending two or
more waters of different quality; re-
late composition to corrosiv.e effect
of water on district system.
Projects 41, 138, 140 and 298 also occur in Table 3-3-A.
Projects 16 and 149 also occur in Table 3-1-B.
Project 309 also occurs in Tables 3-3-A and 3-4-A.
-------
TABLE 3-3
MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING
C. Microbiological Pollutants
PROJECT
NUMBER
68
81
156
24 1
PROJECT TITLE
Analog Membrane Disin-
fection Indicator and
Halogen Electrode
Recovery of Sanitary
Indicator Bacteria
From Streams Containing
Acid Mine Water
Isolation and Identi-
fication of Odorous
Metabolites of Aquatic
Ac t iuomycetes
Microbiological Occur-
rence in Distribution
Systems
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Univ. of North
Carolina
School of Public
Health
West Virginia
Univ.
Water Research
Institute
Auburn Univ.
Agricultural Ex-
perimental Station
EPA
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
DOD
DO I
U01
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
10/76-9/77
1/76-6/77
10/76-9/77
8/75-6/77
CONTAMINANTS
Not specified
bacteria
Bacteria
Bacteria
SUMMARY
Develop a disinfection Indicator
system for field use that will read
a value proportional to a disinfected
water's microbiological safety.
Demonstrate problems of quantitative
and qualitative recovery of sanitary-
indicator bacteria from streams simul-
taneously influenced by acid mine
water and domestic wastes; provide
methods for better recovery of sanitary
indicator bacteria from such environ-
ments; determine effect of acid uilne
water upon population dynamics of
various bacteria.
Develop methods for the Isolation,
purification, and analysis of odorous
metabolites of actinomycetes; quan-
tify and Identify the same.
Study causes and ramifications of
bacteria observed in distribution
systems maintaining free residual
chlorine throughout the system.
-------
TABLE 3-3
MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING
C. Microbiological Pollutants
(continued)
PROJECT
NUMBER
142
39
107
102
Utt
PROJECT TITLE
Microbial Eutrophication
Levels in Several Idaho
Drainage Basins
Role of Polyaiaines In
Adaption of Coliforms
to the GI tract
Detection of Enteric
Viruses in Hater and
Reclaimed Hastewater
Intended for Army
Field Use
Evaluation of Disin-
fection Criteria
Transmission of Viruses
Through Food and Hater
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Univ. of Idaho
Agricultural Ex-
perimental Station
Univ. of Rhode
Island
School of Arts
& Sciences
U.S. Army
Medical Bioeng.
Research &
Development Lab
U.S. Army
Medical Bioeng.
Research &
Development Lab
Univ. of Wisconsin
Food Research
Institute
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
USDA
EPA
DOD
DOD
Hisconsin
State
Government
PROJECT
DATES
10/76-9/77
6/75-5/76
10/76-9/77
10/76-y/77
10/76-9/77
CONTAMINANTS
Bacteria
Bacteria
Viruses
Not specified
Viruses
SUMMARY
Evaluate the role that microorganisms
play in respect to the overall eutro-
phlcation process and evaluate the
potability of selected surface and
underground waters in respect to the
presence or absence of pathogenic
microorganisms.
Determine possibility of more accurate
definition of fecal colifonn, and de-
velopment of simple accurate test for
fecal coliform contamination of water.
Develop a quantitative and sensitive
technology for detecting enteric
viruses in naturally occurring levels
of raw water, treated water, and waste-
water and treated wastewater intended
for reuse.
To evaluate present day concepts of the
chemistry and the mechanisms of dis-
infection of various chlorine compounds
in wastewater.
Develop sensitive methods for detecting
food-borne viruses and simpler methods
of identifying unknown viruses and
apply these methods to selected field
samples.
-------
TABLE 3-3
MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING
C. Microbiological Pollutants
(continued)
PROJECT
NUM11ER
65
108
132
247
225
251
PROJECT TITLE
A Rapid Method for the
Quantitative Isolation of
Viruses from Polluted
Water
Analysis of Cytotoxic
Reactions Produced by
Must-water Constituents
Chemical, Biological,
and Environmental
Factors for Musty/Earthy
Odor of Auburn, Alabama,
City Water Supply
ATP Method Feasibility
Alternative Disinfection
Indicators
Endotoxlns in Uasteuaters
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Hebrew Univ. of
Jerusalem
DOD
Armed Forces
Inst. of
Pathology
Auburn Univ.
Agricultural
Experimental
Station
NASA
Goddard Space
Flight Center
EPA
EPA
Toxicological
Assessment Branch
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
DOD
DOD
Alabama State
Government
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
7/75-6/76
7/75-6/76
10/76-9/77
2/76-6/79
J/75-1/78
In progress
as of 4/77
CONTAMINANTS
Viruses
Not specified
Not specified
Bacteria
Viruses
Bacteria
Bacteria
(endotoxins)
SUMMARY
Develop quantitative method utilizing
fluorescent antibodies to detect
viruses in large volumes of water.
Develop cytoassay for detection of
must-water inpurities.
Identify the chemicals responsible for
earthy/musty odor and taste in the
Auburn city water supply and identify
the microorganisms that produce the
pollutant (s) .
To investigate the potential applica-
tion of the firefly luciferln-
luciferase ATP assay as a rapid moni-
toring technique for bacterial popu-
lations in potable water.
Study use of yeasts and acid-fast
organisms to replace conforms as in-
dicators of disinfection efficiency.
To sample endotoxin levels and
colifocm densities after various
treatment units in the EPA sewage
treatment pilot plant.
-------
TABUS 3-3
MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING
C. Microbiological Pollutants
(continued)
PROJECT
NUMBER
244
165
164
163
166
30B
PROJECT TITLE
The Effect of Turbidity
ocx Bacterial Counts and
Conform Enumeration
in Water Distribution
Systems
Longitudinal Study of
Conforms and Viruses in
a Water Supply - Raw and
Treated
Virus-Coliform Ratios
in Water
Sample Selected Water
Supplies for the Occur-
rence of Yersinia
er.terocolitlca
Occurrence of Viruses in
Drinking Hater Supplies
Detection of Viral
Gastroenteritis Agents
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Salem and Beverly
Uater Supply Board
EPA
Health Effects
Research Lab
EPA
Health Effects
Research Lab
EPA
Health Effects
Research Lab
EPA
Health Effects
Research Lab
University of
Massachusetts
Medical School
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
11/76-10/78
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as o£ 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
Grant
package
submitted
CONTAMINANTS
Bacteria
Viruses
Coliforms
Viruses
Coliforois
Bacteria
Viruses.
Viruses
SUMMARY
To evaluate the effect of turbidity
and standard plate count on the
detection of conforms in a distri-
bution system.
Weekly sampling of Lexington, MO,
finished water. Cell culture
analysis.
Determine relationship between
Coliform counts and number of viruses.
Determine if viruses adhere to par-
ticulate matter.
Evaluation of media and methods used
in the isolation of Yersinia; detect
effect of competition with other or-
ganisms; determine recovery success
of different isolation mediums.
Continuing to monitor viruses in
water supplies. Emphasis on marginally
and untreated supplies.
Not provided.
-------
TABLE 3-3
MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING
C. Microbiological Pollutants
(continued)
PROJECT
NUMBER
Ib2
248
305
306
296
137
PROJECT TITLE
Study Occurrence and
Significance of Toxigenic
Algae in Open Finished
Water Reservoirs
Detection of Giardia in
Water
Occurrence of Giardia
in Drinking Water
Supplies
Unique Approaches Co
Propagation of Hepatitis-
A Virus in Cell Culture
and Animals
Study Occurrence and
Significance of Toxi-
genic Algae in Open
Finished Water Reservoirs
Determination of breed-
ing Sites of NcmaLoJ.es
in a Municipal Drinking
Water Treatment Facility
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Not specified
New York State
Dept. of Health
and Health Research,
Inc.
Colorado State
University
Christ Hosptial
Institute for
Medical Research
University of
Pittsburgh
Clemson University
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
In progress
as of 4/77
4/77-3/80
In progress
as of 4/77
Study was
to begin
3/77
Submitting
grant appl.
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
CONTAMINANTS
Algae
Parasite
Parasite
Viruses
Algae, endotoxins
Helminth
SUMMARY
Study of Sewickley and water supply
reservoirs in connection with water-
borne epidemic.
To develop a practical and sensitive
in vitro procedure for the detection
of Giardia cysts In water.
Determine occurrence of Ciardia in
water supplies and significance in
transmission of disease. Refine in-
direct fluorescent antibody detection
method.
Not provided.
Study algae production of endotoxins.
Monitor distribution system to determine
source of nematodes.
-------
TABLE 3~ )
MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING
C. MIcrobiologlcaJ Pollutants
(cour 1 uded )
PROJECT
NUMBER
288*
238
245
307
14 1*
242
49*
243*
PROJECT TITLE
Cross-Transmission of
Giardia
Determination of Giardia
Cyst Viability
Hindrance of Coliform
Recovery by Turbidity
and Non-Coliforms
Evaluate and Standardize
Methods for Concentrating
and Recovering Viruses
from Water
Evaluation of Tentative
Standard Method with
Selected Enteric Viruses
Cross Connection Barrier
Concepts
Origin, Virulence,
Growth, and Control of
Collforms in Drinking
Water Emanating from
Wooden Tanks
Biologically Mediated
Corrosion and Deter-
ioration of Water
Quality in Distribu-
tion Systems
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Colorado State "
University
University of Oregon
University of
Delaware
EPA
University of
North Carolina
Johns Hopkins
University
Oregon State Univ.
School of Science
Univ. of Missouri
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
In progress
as of 4/77
9/76 - 8/78
3/77 - 3/79
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
7/76 - 6/78
7/76-7/77
4/76-3/81
CONTAMINANTS
Parasite
Parasite
Bacteria
Viruses
Viruses
Pathogenic
organisms
Bacteria
Not specified
SUMMARY
To determine if animals could act as
sources for contamination of drinking
water supplies with Glar&la cysts, and
to refine techniques for the detection
of cysts in water.
Development of a sensitive standardized
method for determining viability of
G1 artH a lajnttlia cysts.
Evaluate the recoverability of coli forms
from water which contain high popu-
lations of non-coliform organisms and/or
high turbidity levels.
Study of millipore ultraf Iltration
for analysis of virus concentration
in drinking water.
To determine the recovery efficiency
of standard methods, and the effect of
AlCl and MgCl3 on the recovery of
echovirus from water samples.
Determine the form and concentration
of residual chlorine in distribution
systems which most efficiently in-
activate pathogenic organisms intro-
duced through system defects.
Formulate specific recommendations on
the significance and control of coli-
forms which are present in drinking
water emanating from redwood tanks.
Determine the role of mLcroorgani sins in
mediating chemical changes in distri-
bution systems: evaluate the potential
of various waters to promote deposition
and microbial growth: determine
remedial measures.
'Projects 49, 141 and 243 also occur in Table 3-4-C.
Project 288 ;ilso m.r.urs In Tabli: 3-2.
-------
TABLE j_ j
MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING
D. Particulates
PROJECT
NUMBER
46
71
217
129
230
PROJECT TITLE
Optical Detection of
Asbestiforin Particles
in Finished Dulutli
Drinking Hater
Asbestos in Potable
Water
Preparation of Suspen-
sions of Asbestos in
Hater Suitable for Use
as Reference Samples
for Electron Microscopy
Water Supply Identi-
fication and Measure-
ment - Develop Methods
to Identify and Measure
Asbestos
Synthetic Asbestos
Standards for Electron
Microscopy of Water
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Univ. of Minnesota
School of Letters
and Science
Univ. of Illinois
School of Public
Health
EPA
EPA
University of
Cincinnati
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
DOI
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
3/76-3/77
7/75-9/76
3/77-12/78
In progress
as of 4/77
1/77-3/79
CONTAMINANTS
Asbestos
Asbestos
Asbestos
Asbestos
Asbestos
SUMMARY
Perform optical measurements on con-
centration of asbestiform particles
in Lake Superior for possible appli-
cation to monitoring of finished water
from filtration plants.
Develop screening method for detection
of chrysotile asbestos in large num-
bers of samples; determine extent of
contribution from cement-asbestos
transmission pipe in Chicago system.
Preparation of asbestos suspensions
utilizing various asbestos sources to
determine the feasibility of their
use as reference samples.
Develop detection methods for asbestos.
Preparation of asbestos suspensions
using asbestos from various sources
to determine feasibility for use as
reference samples.
-------
TABLE 'J-3
MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING
D. Parliculat.es
(concluded)
PROJECT
NUMBER
178
177
209
176
175
173
PROJECT TITLE
Sampling and Analysis of
Municipal Water Supplies
Using Asbestos-Cement
Pipe in Connecticut
Asbestos Exposure in
Connecticut
Study of Erosion of
Asbestos from Asbestos-
Cement Pipe
Identification of Non-
Asbestos Fibers Occur-
ring in Drinking Water
Support to Water Supply
Division - MERL Asbestos-
Cement Pipe Studies
Electron Microscopy
Analysis Support to
11ERL Projects
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Connecticut State
Dept. of Health
EPA
EPA
EPA
Health Effects
Research Lab
EPA
Health Effects
Research Lab
EPA
Health Effects
Research Lab
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
7/74 - 8/78
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
CONTAMINANTS
Asbestos
Asbestos
Asbestos
Non-asbestos fibers
Asbestos
Mineral fibers
SUMMARY
Sample and analyze for asbestos.
Sample and analyze Connecticut water
samples for asbestos.
Determine effect of water quality on
release of asbestos fibers in test
pipe-
Use reference materials to aid in
identifying unknown particles in
water.
Train MERL intern in all phases of
asbestos sample preparation and
electron microscopy analysis.
Use scanning electron microscope
analysis to support HEUL projects
dealing with (a) deflection of asbestos
and other mineral fibers, (b) structural
changes in red cells following chlorite,
(c) detection of r. iardin cysts.
-------
TABLE J-i
MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING
E. Radioactive Pollutants
PROJECT
NUMUER
5
30
31
100
111
29
109*
PROJECT TITLE
Environmental Radiation
Monitoring
The Chemical Behavior
and Ecological Transfer
in the Human Food Chain
of Some Radionuclldes
in Aqueous Systems
Environmental Monitoring-
Sewer Disposal of Radio-
active Wastes
Radiolytic Effects on
Frozen Aqueous Systems
Radioanalytical Pro-
cedure Development
Study of Ra-226 Wastes
from Uranium Mining
and Milling Operations
Radioactivity in the
Biosphere
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Industrial Bio Test
Labs, Inc.
Acad. of Med.
Sci. , Inst. of
Hygiene 6. Public
Health
Univ. of Singapore
U.S. Army Natick
Research and
Development Command
battelle Memorial
Institute
Pontifical Catholic
Univ. Tech. &
Sci. Center
ERDA; Environmental
Studies Division
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
Wisconsin Public
Service Corp.
lute rnatlonai
Atomic Energy
Agency
International
Atomic Energy
Agency
DOD
ERDA
International
Atomic Energy
Agency
ERDA
PROJECT
DATES
1/76-12/76
7/75-12/76
10/76-7/77
10/76-9/77
7/75-6/76
11/76-11/77
7/75-6/76
CONTAMINANTS
Gamma Radiation
Strontium-90,
ceslum-137,
tritium, radiuui-
226, uranium,
thorium
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Radlum-226
Strontlum-90
SUMMARY
Analysis of gamma radiation near
Kewaunee Nuclear Power Plant
Define indicators which characterize
radioactive pollution of natural waters.
Derivation of limits and requirements
for present and future sewer disposal
of radioactive wastes taking into
account plans to recycle processed
sewage water for eventual potable use.
Determine the likelihood of radiation-
produced water radicals reacting with
food components in frozen polycrystal-
line ices.
Develop radiochemical separation
methods compatible with technological
advances in instrumental analysis.
Evaluate levels of Ra-226 in liquid ef-
fluents of uranium milling and mining
operations in Brazil. Investigate the
fate of Ra-226 in the vicinity as it
Impacts man's food chain.
Study accumulation of strontium-90 in
man under various conditions.
Project JU9 also occurs in Table 3-2.
-------
TABLE 'J-3
MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING
F. General
PROJECT
NUMBER
94
92
122
135
2
45
PROJECT TITLE
Chemical Quality of
Water in Che Souch
Fork Ninnescah Basin,
Kansas
Air Force Quality-of-
Uater Analysis
Factors Controlling
Variations in River
Water Quality in
Kansas
Identification and
Evaluation of Pollutants
in Rural Drinking Water
Supplies
Carcinogens in Public
Water Supplies and
Other Sources
Studies on the Muta-
genicity of Chemical
Carcinogens
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
DO I
Geological Survey
DOI
Geological
Survey
Kansas State Univ.
School of Arts &
Sciences
South Carolina
State College
School of
Agriculture
Louisiana State
Univ.
Systems School
of Medicine
Atlanta Univ.
School of Arts
& Sciences
SUPPORING
ORGANIZATION
DOI
DOI
Kansas State
Government
USDA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
7/75-9/76
7/75-9/76
7/76-9/77
10/76-9/77
7/74-6/75
5/76-5/77
CONTAMINANTS
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
SUMMARY
Appraise the quality of the water
resources and identify the principal
sources and extent of natural and man-
made pollution.
Analyze potable water samples from
various Air Force installations.
Determine the principal factors con-
trolling variations in the major dis-
solved constituents in river water in
Kansas.
Evaluate the quality of drinking water
supplies for rural homes and identify
the contaminating pollutants.
Develop sensitive and practical method
of detecting carcinogens in municipal
water supplies and sources.
Standardize and implement a bacterial
mutagen testing procedure — that 1^
sensitive, reproducible, and economical.
-------
TABLE 'J-3
MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING
F. General
(couLinued)
PROJECT
NUMBER
64
62
85
160
211
PROJECT TITLE
The Development of a
Biological Detector for
Toxic Components lu
Drinking Water
The Development of a
Teat for the Potability
of Water Treated by a
Direct Reuse System
Taste of Water - Effects
of Solutes and Adaption
A National Statistical
Assessment of Domestic
Rural Water
Research Initiation -
Development of a Bac-
terial Test System for
Mutagenic Compounds in
Drinking Water Supplies
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Gulf South
Research Institute
Univ. of
Cincinnati
John B. Pierce
Foundation of
Connecticut
Cornell Univ.
School of Agri-
culture and Life
Sciences
Morehouse College
Graduate School
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
DOD
DOD
HEW
EPA
NSF
PROJECT
DATES
10/76-9/77
10/76-9/77
12/76-11/77
7/76-6/77
6/75-8/76
CONTAMINANTS
Mot specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
SUMMARY 1
Develop an on-line, real time mammalian
call toxicity monitor to determine water
potability.
Development of a general water pollutant
toxicity assay using a mammalian cell
culture test. Fractionation and chemical
analysis to identify specific causative
agents.
Provide a framework that will permit
the prediction of the taste of a mixture
from knowledge of the tastes of its
components and the manner in which
it was tasted.
Develop a conceptual framework for im-
plementing a national survey of the
drinking water situation in rural areas.
Develop a bacterial assay technique
for the mutagenic effect of pollutants
in the water supplies.
-------
TAUI.E 3-J
MEASUREMENT AMD MONITORING
F. General
(cont limed)
PROJECT
NUMBER
280
169
282
273
PROJECT TITLE
Study of Sample Preser-
vation Methods and Sam-
ple Stability to Give
Validity to Analysis of
Water Samples Collected
in the Field Studies
Use of Stable Isotopes
in Ground Water Studies
Analytical Support,
Compare Water Quality
in U.S. Counties with
High and Low Mortality
Due to Cardiovascular
Disease
Water Sampling and
Data Gathering in
Counties with High and
Low Cancer Rates
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA Ground Water
Research Branch
Purdue Univ.
EPA Toxicological
Assessment liranch
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
In progress
as of 4/77
In progress
as of 4/77
Contract
being ne-
gotiated at
time of EPA
quar te rly
report A/77
In progress
as of 4/77
CONTAMINANTS
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
SUMMARY
Study elemental stability of water
samples over an 18 month period. Conduct
comparison of multielemenLal analyses
technology .
To develop the technology of using the
stable isotope ratios of nitrogen to
Identify the source of ground-water con-
tamination.
Not provided.
Not provided.
-------
TAULli J-3
MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING
fr\ Gene iral
(cuacl uded)
PROJECT
NUMJiER
246
PROJECT TITLE
Indicator Measurements
Rapid Methods
Concentration Dynamics
of Soluble Matter in a
Water Supply System
which May Propagate
Accidental Pollution
in the System
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
Soreq Nuclear
Research lust.,
Yavne, Israel
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
International
Atomic Energy
Agency
PRO.) ECT
DATES
6/72-9/77
7/75-6/76
CONTAMINANTS
Not specified
Not specified
SUMMARY
To develop rapid methods for detection
and quanti tation of sanitary indicator
organisms in potable water.
Determine and analyze concentration
dynamics of soluble matter in water
distribution systems, analyze the ex-
pected propagation of pollutants enter-
ing the system at any point, and
develop techniques for rapid deter-
mination of pollutant source.
-------
TABLE 1-4
CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
A. Organic Solutes
PROJECT
NUMBER
50
79
82
9
34
40
PROJECT TITLE
Granular Activated Carbon
Studies
A Rational Approach to
Utilization of Carbon
Beds in Reducing Micro-
Organic Contamination of
Drinking Water
Activated Carbon Adsorp-
tion of Trace Organic
Compounds
Determining the Organic
Content of Drinking Water
Evaluation of Full Scale
Wastewater Reuse System
For Domestic Ground Water
Management Guidelines to
Prevent Pollution Irri-
gation Return Flow in
Rice Fields
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Jefferson Parish
Water Dept.
Univ. of
Massachusetts
School of
Engineering
Univ. of
Illinois
Dept. of Civil
Engineering
Massachusetts
Health Research
Institute, Inc.
Orange County
Water District
Texas A&M Univ.
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
DO I
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
8/76-7/77
10/76-9/77
i/75-7/77
5/73-10/77
7/75-5/76
1/75-12/75
CONTAMINANTS
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Pesticides
SUMMARY
Granulated activated carbon filtration
will be thoroughly studied in quanti-
tative terms and in terms of cost
effectiveness for the purpose of re-
moving trace organic compounds.
Develop a competitive adsorption
simulation model to predict the
efficiency of organics removal in
adsorpers used in water treatment
plants.
Study the activated carbon adsorption
of selected organic compounds to de-
sign water treatment plant adsorbers.
To develop design criteria and re-
liable monitoring methods for
Granulated Activated Carbon (CAC).
Evaluation of treatments system
particularly with respect to organic
materials utilizing GC/MS techniques.
Analyze irrigation, ground water in-
filtration, and overland return water
for persistent and toxic pesticides
and nutrients; determine effect of
recommended and excessive application
rates; develop management practices
for minimization of hazards.
-------
TABLE i-4
CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
A, Organic Solutes
(coat iniie
PROJECT
NUMBER
184
234
235
186
187
PROJECT '1'ITLE
Effectiveness of Activated
Carbon for Removal of Toxic
and/or Carcinogenic Com-
pounds from Water Supplies
Investigation of a Fluid
Bed Carbon Regeneration
System at Manchester, Nil
Post-Filtration Adsorption
of Organic Compounds
Evaluation of Techniques
and Economics in Removing
Trace Organic Compounds
from the New Orleans Water
Supply
Removing Organic Contami-
nants from Ground Water to
Prevent Formation Of Poten-
tial Carcinogens in Drinking
Hater
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
University of
Michigan
Manchester
Water Works
Not specified
Sewerage and Water
Board of New
Orleans
Hade County Dept .
of Public Health
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
4/76-7/79
10/77-12/80
3/77-7/79
6/76-11/78
6/76-3/78
CONTAMINANTS
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
SUMMARY
Study effectiveness of activated
carbon in removing organics of
man-related origin.
Evaluate economics of a fluid bed
combustion unit for reactivating
granular activated carbon and the
effects on organic removal effi-
ciency .
Granular carbon adsorbers will be
constructed following filtration.
The performance and economics of
organic removal and reactivation
will be studied.
Evaluate the use of powdered
activated carbon, ozone, and
chlorine in the removal of trace
organics .
Evaluate activated carbons and
macroret icula ted resins for
removal of organic contaminants.
-------
TABLE J-'i
CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
A. Organic Solutes
(continued)
PROJECT
NUMBER
221
189
188
236*
197
190
PROJECT TITLE
Removal of Organics Using
Adsorbents and In-Plant Treat-
ment Modifications
Prevention of Formation
and/or Removal of llalogen-
ated Organics Using Chlorine
Dioxide and Granular Carbon
Removal of Trace Organics
from Water Using Activated
Carbon and Polymeric
Adsorbents
Treatment of Water for
Removal of Asbestos and
Organics
Oxidation of Water Supply
Refractory Species by Ozone
with Ultraviolet Radiation
Minimizing the Formation
of Trihalomethanes (THM)
Compound in a Lime
Softening Treatment Plant
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
Evansville, Indiana
Waterworks Department
American Water
Works Association
Research Foundation
City of Philadelphia
Institute of Applied
Sciences, North
Texas State Univ.
Water and Air
Research Inc.
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
1/73-4/77
10/76-10/79
6/76-6/78
9/77-8/79
9/76-8/79
5/76-7/76
CONTAMINANTS
Not specified
Halogenated
organics
Trihalome thanes
Not specified
Not specified
Trihalomethane (THM)
compounds
SUMMARY
Activated carbon and synthetic
adsorbents are studied for effec-
tiveness in removing organics.
To evaluate the cost and effec-
tiveness of using chlorine diox-
ide and GAC in full size water
treatment plants
To evaluate the performance of
synthetic resins in removing
trlhalomethanes and taste and
odor compounds.
Pilot-scale project to investi-
gate the use of a new carbonaceous
adsorbent (w/react ivat ion) for
organic removal.
Evaluate the feasibility of using
ozone and UV treatment to remove
refractory organic compounds.
Determine the effects of filtering
and settling on the quality of
THM compounds produced after
chlorinat ion.
-------
TABLE J-4
CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
A. Organic Solutes
(coutinued)
PROJECT
NUMiiER
191
192
194
222
21«
219
PROJECT TITLE
Preventing Haloform
Formation in Drinking Water
Organic Substances in the
Ohio River and Associated
Water Supplies
Identification of Major and
Minor Classes of Natural
Organic Substances found
in Drinking Water
Removal of Organics Using
Oxidants
Analysis of Organic Removal
Unit Process Effluents
Study of Organic Byproducts
of Disinfection
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
South Dakota Sch.
of Mines and Tech-
nology
Ohio River Valley
Sanitation Commis-
sion (ORSANCO)
Georgia Institute
of Technology
EPA
EPA
Water Supply
Research Div.
EPA
Water Supply
Research Div.
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
El' A
PROJECT
DATES
4/77-7/78
10/76-1/79
5/77-12/78
In progress
as of 4/77
3/7b-9/7«
1/75-10/79
CONTAMINANTS
Haiogenated
hydrocarbons
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
SUMMARY
To evaluate the disinfection
capabilities of the chloramines
in conjunction with the reduction
of halogenated hydrocarbons.
Evaluate various water treatment
processes on removal of organics,
and on effects upon the organics
not removed .
Evaluate effect of disinfectants,
adsorbents, and other water
treatment methods on organics.
Study use of oxidants to reduce
organics, and identify by-products.
Carry out bench-scale studies to
determine removal efficiency of
organics by sorptive, oxidative, or
precipative mechanisms.
Identify potentially harmful by-
products of disinfection practices
or oxidation in bench scale studies;
elucidate costs for control of
byproduct formation during treatment..
00
-------
TABLE 3-4
CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
A. Organic Solutes
(concluded)
PROJECT
NUMBER
252*
152
185
196"
; A
309
PROJECT TITLE
Separation of Inorganic Sale
from Organic Solutes Present
in Drinking Water
Pesticide Pollution of
Farmstead Hater Supplies
in the Northeast
Evaluating the Use of Granular
Activated Carbon in the
Treatment of Drinking
Hater
Status of Oeonation and
Chlorine Dioxide Technologies
for Treatment of Municipal
Water Supplies
Investigations of Nltrosamines
in Deionized and Drinking
Hater
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Southern Research
Institute
USDA
Engineering
Research Div.
Passaic Valley
Water Commission
Public
Technology ,
Inc .
Eastern Regional
Research Center,
AKS, USDA
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
USDA
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
In progress
as of 4/77
10/76-9/77
11/76-11/78
6/76-11/77
Not
specified
CONTAMINANTS
Not specified
Pesticides
Trihalome thanes,
Organic chlorine
Not specified
Nitrosainines
SUMMARY
Not provided.
Determine design characteristics
for farmstead water well con-
struction which will reduce the
possibility of pesticide contam-
ination.
The installation, handling, and
performance of CAC in treatpient
of drinking water will be evalu-
ated on a full scale.
State-of-the-art survey of municipal
water treatment practices involving
the use of ozone and chlorine
dioxide in the U.S., Canada, and
overseas .
Determine the possible role of adsor-
bants, primarily ion-exchange resins,
on the formation of nitrosamines in
drinking water. In addition, the
water supply at the Eastern Research
Center will be monitored for nitrite,
nitrate, amines and nitrosamines.
Project 196 also occurs in Table 3-4-C.
Project 236 also occurs in Table 3-4-D.
Project 252 also occurs in Table 3-4-B.
Project 309 also occurs in Tables 3-3-A and 3-3-B.
-------
TAU1.E 3-4
CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
b. Inorganic Solutes
PROJECT
^UMBEK
75
2CU
215
201
203
PROJECT TITLE
Study of Functional Polymers
for Removal of Heavy Metal
Pollutants from Water
Evaluation of Treatment
Processes for Removal of
Inorganic Contaminants
Treatment of Water to Prevent
Erosion of Metals from Gal-
vanized Steel, Lead, and
Copper Pipe
Removal of Nitrate from
Water Supplies
Treatment of Small Water
Supplies by Reverse Osmosis
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
West Va. Univ.
Water Research
Institute
EPA, Water
Supply Research
Division
EPA
Univ. of
Michigan
Charlotte
Harbor Hater
Assoc.
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
DOI
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
7/76-6/77
6/74-6/77
11/76-9/78
8/75-12/76
2/77-2/79
CONTAMINANTS
Heavy metal ions
Mercury, arsenic,
selenium, barium,
cadmium, chromium,
lead, silver,
radium-226
Metals
Nitrate
Not specified
SUMMARY
Design, synthesize, evaluate new
polymeric material having chelating
type functional groups for the
selective removal of heavy-metal
ions from water.
Evaluation of conventional treat-
ment methods for removal of in-
organics .
Study and control the corrosion
problems that occur in a house-
hold plumbing system.
The strong acid-weak base ion ex-
change system will .je evaluated
for the removal of nitrate from
drinking water.
Evaluation of reverse osmosis as
a treatpient technique for inor-
ganics.
-------
TAULE J-4
CONTKOL TECHNOLOGY
U. Inorganic Solutes
(concluded)
PROJECT
NUMBER
252*
20 A
PROJECT TITLE i
Separation of Inorganic
Salt from Organic Solutes
Present in Drinking Hater
Rumoval o£ Inorganic
Contaminants with
Activated Alumina
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Southern Research
Institute
Univ. of Texas
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
In progress as
of 1/77
3/77-9/78
CONTAMINANTS
Not specified
Arsenic, nitrate,
fluoride, selenium
SUMMARY
Not provided.
Determine the abiiity of activated alum-
ina to remove inorganics. (Grant not
awarded as of April 22, 1977.)
Project 252 also occurs in Table 3-3-A.
-------
TA11LE J-4
CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
C. Ml crobio 1 ogi c61. Pollutants
PROJECT
•1 UMBER
96
95
143
kl
63
PROJECT TITLE
Research of a Flow-Thru
Microwave Water Sterili-
zation Unit, and Determi-
nation of Microwave
Bactericide
Exploratory Development
of a New Field Hater Puri-
fication System and the
Influence of Disinfec-
tants on Microbial Toxins
A New Type of Disinfec-
tant for IJater Supplies
Pyrogenic Activity of
Carbon-Filtered Haters
New Microbial indicators
of Disinfection Efficiency
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
U.S. Army
Sanitary Svc.
Div.
U.S. Navy
Medical Field
Kes. Lab
Kansas State
Univ. Agric.
Experimen tal
S ta.
Texas A&M
Univ. Sys .
Texas Water
Res. lust.
Univ. of ill.
Sen. of Eng.
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
DOD
DOD
Kansas State
Government
EPA
DOD
PROJECT
DA'I'ES
10/76-9/77
10/76-9/77
10/76-9/77
3/76-3/77
10/76-9/77
CONTAMINANTS
bacteria
Bacteria
Bacteria
Bacteria
Not specified
SUMMARY
Research, design, and construct
experimental bench scale microwave
sterilisation application in Array
water/was tewater systems.
Determine whether an iodinated resin,
reported to be a bactericidal agent,
can be adapted for use by Individual
Marine Corps troops in the field.
Determine presence of microbial
toxins in disinfected water and its
role in acute diarrheal disease in
man.
Study of a new type of insoluble
bactericide which reacts chemically
only upon demand and avoids the
drinking of excess disinfectant.
Apply the most sensitive bioassays
to various carbon-filtered waters;
evaluate various disinfection
practices.
Investigate prevalence and behavior
Use them as indicators to determine
the efficiency of water disinfection.
-------
TABLE 'i-4
CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
C. Microbiological Pollutants
(continued)
PROJECT
1UMBER
36
131
57
103
52
243*
PROJECT TITLE
Virus Sensitivity to
Chlorine Disinfection of
Water Supplies
Virological Aspects of
the Triiodide Resin Hater
Disinfecting Process
Application of Adsorption
Theory Towards Virus
Decontamination
Development of a Water
Purification Unit and Field
Test for Pyrogen Free Water
Removal of Virus from Public
Water Supplies
biologically Mediated
Corrosion and Deterioration
of Water Quality in Distri-
bution Systems
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Univ. of 111.
Sen. of Eng.
Kansas State
Univ. Agri-
cultural Ex-
perimental
Station
Stanford Univ.
U.S. Army Med.
flioeng. Res. &
Dev. Lab
Univ. of
Missouri Sch.
of Eng.
Univ. of
Mlssourl
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
Kansas State
Government
EPA
DOD
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
8/76-12/76
10/76-9/77
11/76-10/77
JO/76-9/77
10/76-9/77
4/76-3/78
CONTAMINANTS
Viruses
Viruses
Vi ruses
Not specified
Viruses
Not specified
SUMMARY
Sensitivity of various enteric
viruses to chlorine is being studied
and characterized with respect to
such variables as pll, temperature,
and type of virus.
Discover how and why the Triiodide
resin water disinfecting process
destroys viruses.
Identify factors and optimum con-
ditions for an adsorption denatura-
tion virus removal process for
water or wastewater treatment opera-
tions .
Develop a water purification unit
to produce water meeting U.S.
Pharmacopeia standards.
Determine the virus removal or de-
struction capability of various
water treatment processes.
Determine the role of microorganisms
in mediating chemical changes in
distribution systems; evaluate the
potential of various waters to pro-
mote deposition and microblal
growth; determine remedial measures.
o-
OJ
-------
TAELE -)_4
CONXUOL TECHNOLOGY
C. Microbiological Pollutants
(continued)
PROJECT
NUMBER
205
240
224
227
239
237
141*
PROJECT TITLE
Evaluation of Particulate
Removal Processes to Meet
Drinking Hater Regulations
Microbial Impact of Treatment
Modifications
Chlorine Resistance of
Enteroviruaes
Effects of Virus Particle
Aggregation on the Disin-
fection of Water Supplies
Alternative Disinfection
Field Study
inactivation of Naturally
Occurring Enteroviruses
Evaluation of Tentative
Standard Method with
Selected Enteric Viruses
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
Not specified
University of
North Carolina
School of Medicine
University of
Missouri
University of
Miami
University of
North Carolina
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
6/74-9/77
6/76-6/79
8/74-7/77
8/76-9/79
10/76-9/78
10/76-10/78
In progress
as of 4/77
CONTAMINANTS
Parasite
Bacteria
Viruses
Viruses
Viruses
Viruses
Viruses
SUMMARY
Demonstrate filtration techniques
to remove pathogenic "Giardia lamblia.
Determine influence of water treat-
ment modifications on the bacterio-
logical water quality.
A detailed re-examination of chlorine
resistance of several enteroviruses.
Study effects of enterovirus aggre-
gation on disinfection resistance.
Determine the efficiency of alterna-
tive disinfection methods (chlorine,
chlorine dioxide, ozone) and other
water treatment processes for in-
activation or removal of naturally
occurring enteroviruses in water.
Separate and purify naturally occur-
ring enteroviruses from feces and
compare disinfection characteristics
of such viruses with cell culture
grown progeny viruses.
To determine the recovery efficiency
of standard methods, and the effect
of A1C1 and MgCl , on the recovery
of echovirus from water samples.
-------
TABLE 3-4
CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
C. Microbiological Pollutants
(concluded)
PROJECT
NUMBER
223*
228*
229*
196*
49*
PROJECT TITLE
Effects of Turbidity on
Inactlvation of Bacteria and
Viruses by Chlorine
Effect of Particulates on
Disinfection of Enteroviruses
in Water by Chlorine Dioxide
Effect of Particulates on
Ozone Disinfection of
Bacteria and Viruses in Hater
Status of Ozonation and
Chlorine Dioxide Technologies
for Treatment of Municipal
Water Supplies
Origin, Virulence, Growth,
and Control of Collforms in
Drinking Water Emanating from
Wooden Tanks
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
Water Supply
Research Division
University of
Cincinnati
University of
Maine
Public Tech-
nology, Inc.
Oregon State
Univ. , School of
Science
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
10/73- FY/78
3/76-2/78
9/76-9/78
6/76-11/77
7/76-7/77
CONTAMINANTS
Viruses
Bacteria
Viruses
Bacteria
Viruses
Bacteria
Not specified
Bacteria
SUMMARY
Determine the effects of association
of viruses and bacteria with clays
and other particulates oa disin-
fection efficiency of chlorine.
Determine the effects of association
of viruses and bacteria with clays
and other particulates on disin-
fection efficiency of chlorine di-
oxide and other disinfectants.
Determine the effects of association
of viruses and bacteria with clays
and other particulates on disin-
fection efficiency of ozone.
State-of-the-art survey of municipal
water treatment practices involving
the use of ozone and chlorine di-
oxide in U.S., Canada, and overseas.
Formulate specific recommendations
on the significance and control of
coliforuis which are present in
drinking water emanating from red-
wood tanks .
VjJ
I
Projects 41, 49, and 243 also occur in Table 3-4-C.
I'rojecl 196 also occurs in Table 3-4-A.
1'rojecta 223, 228, and 229 also occur in Table 3-4-U.
-------
TAliLE 3-4
CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
D. PartlculaLes
PROJEC'l
NUMBER
221*
228*
229*
206
210
23fa*
PROJECT TITLE
Effects of Turbidity on
Inactivation of Bacter-
ia and Viruses by
Chlorine
Effect of Part iculates
on Disinfection of
Enterovtruses in Mater
by Chlorine Dioxide
Effect of Particulates
on Ozone Disinfection
of Bacteria and Viruses
in Water
Seattle Tolt Hater
Supply Mixed Asbesto-
forms Removal Study
Treatment of Water to
Prevent Erosion of
Asbestos Fibers from
A/C Pipe
Treatment of Water for
Removal of Asbestos and
Organ ics
PERFORMING
ORC AN 12 AT ION
EPA, Water Supply
Research Div.
University of
Cincinnat i
Univ. of Maine
City of Seattle
Uater Dept.
Not specified
City of Philadel-
phia
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
EP.A
EPA
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
BATES
10/73-FY78
3/76-2/78
9/76-9/78
4/76-11/78
11/76-10/78
9/77-8/79
CONTAMINANTS
Clay
Ciay
Clay
Asbes tos
Asbestos
Asbes tos
SUMMARY
Determine the effects of association of
viruses and bacteria with clays and other
particulates on disinfection efficiency
of chlorine.
Determine the effects of association of
viruses and bacteria with clays and other
particulates on disinfection efficiency of
chlorine dioxide and other disinfectants.
Determine the effects of association of
viruses and bacteria with clays and other
particulates on disinfection efficiency of
ozone .
Determine a method of removing mixed
asbestos fibers from city water and con-
duct pilot plant studies.
Determine if coating the pipe or adjust-
ment of plj alkalinity and calcium content
of water can prevent loss of asbestos
fibers.
Pilot-scale project to Investigate the
use of polymers for asbestos removal .
Projects 223, 228 and 229 also occur in Table 3-4-C.
Project 236 also occurs In Table 3-1-A.
-------
'('AUI.E 3-4
CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
E. Radioactive Pollutants
PROJECT
NUMBER
33
202
PROJECT TITLE
Coses of Radium Removal
from Potable Hater Supplies
Removal of Radium from
Drinking Water
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
State Univ. of
Fla. Sys. School
of Engineering
Hater and Air
Research, Inc.
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
EPA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
7/75-6/76
7/75-10/76
CONTAMINANTS
Radium
Radium
SUMMARY
Determine capital and operating costs
for removal of radium from potable
water supplies based on literature
and surveys of existing plants as a
function of Llie size and type of
plant and the quality of raw water.
Determine the cost of removal of
radium including the cose of sludge
disposal .
-------
TAIiLE 3-4
CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
f. General
PROJECT
NUMBER
139
136
157
151
121
104
PROJECT TITLE
Ground and Surface
Water Supply
Planning and Financing
Public Services for
Rural Communities
Evaluation and Analysis
of Public Policy Options
Affecting Rural Water
Supply in the South-
eastern States
Ground Water Recharge
and Management in
California
Design Criteria for
Rural Domestic Water
Systems
Pilot Plant Development
for Full-Scale Design of
Must Water Processing
Element
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
Rutgers Univ.
State Univ. of
Florida
System Agricultural
Experimental
Station
Virginia
Polytechnic
State Univ.
Water Research
Center
US DA
Agricultural
Research Center
Utah State Univ.
Utah Uater
Research Lab.
U.S. Army
Medical Bioeng.
Research and
Development Lab.
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
New Jersey State
Government
USDA
DO!
USDA
Utah State
Government
DOD
Army
PROJECT
DATES
10/76-9/77
10/76-9/77
7/76-6/77
10/76-9/77
7/76-11/76
10/76-9/77
CONTAMINANTS
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
SUMMARY
Determine long-term trends of water
quality in a polluted river, and
correlate the effect of water quality
on potable water treatment costs.
Perform cost/benefit analysis of
proposed drinking water improvements.
Identify the components of the rura.1
drinking water problem and analyze
the elements of public policy which
Impinge on the various aspects of the
problem.
Develop techniques for efficiently
preserving the storage capabilities
of ground water reservoirs for high
quality water.
Analyze flow rate and kinetic data
regarding rural users to design
domestic water systems.
Establish design criteria for a
water processing element for
potable and waste water.
-------
TABLE j-4
CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
F. General
(continued)
PROJECT
NUMBER
98
28
145
144
55
PROJECT TITLE
Expedient Methods for
Hater Supply and Waste-
water Treatment in Cold
Regions
Cooperation by Swedish
Researchers in American
Studies of the Treatment
of Uastewater Using
Biological Processes
Individual Water Systems
and On-Site Domestic
Haste Disposal
Purification of Water
for Domestic Farm Supply
State-of-the-Art Review
of Small Water Treatment
Systems
PERFOMING
ORGANIZATION
U.S. Army
Cold Regions
Research and
Engineering Lab.
Unknown instal-
lation or indi-
vidual grant
Sweden
USDA
Physical Control
Lab.
Univ. of
Tennessee
Agricultural
Experimental
Station
Black and Veatch,
Consulting
Engineers
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
DOD
Swedish Board
for Energy
Source Dev.
USDA
USDA
EPA
PROJECT
DATES
10/76-9/77
10/76-9/77
10/76-9/77
10/76-9/77
9/76-8/77
CONTAMINANTS
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
SUMMARY
Develop improved techniques for
providing potable water for small,
remote military installations in
water environments.
Studies of biological processes
which utilize solar energy to build
up higU-rnolecular material from
waste in aquatic environment?.
Provide design recommendations for
farmstead and rural home water sys-
tems capable of providing sanitary
water.
Evaluate the effectiveness of UV
irradiation, ozonation and chlori-
riation, alone and in combination. In
treating farm runoff water for pro-
ducing potable water.
Provide a guide for development
and improvement of small (25—
10,000 people) treatment systems
so a's to meet EPA interim primary
drinking water standards.
-------
TAULE 3-4
CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
F. General
(continued)
PROJECT
NUMBER
99
97
211
150
PROJECT TITLE
Dry Reverse Osmosis Membranes
Dry Seauater Reverse
Osmosis Membranes
Reverse Osmosis Method for
Production of Potable Water
Electric and Other Equipment
for Purification of Farm
Uater Supplies
PERFORMING
ORGANIZATION
U.S. Army
Mobility Equip-
ment Research
and Development
Commit tee
U.S. Army
Mobility Equip-
ment Research
and Development
Committee
Cayce City
Government
Univ. of Tenn.
USDA Agric.
Res. Service
Knoxville, TN
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
DOD
DOD
EPA
US DA
PROJECT
DATES
10/76-9/77
JO/76-9/77
3/76-4/77
10/76-9/77
CONTAMINANTS
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
Not specified
SUMMARY
Determine technical feasibility of
using dry membranes in a military
field reverse osmosis water puri-
fication system.
Determine the technical feasibility
of mass producing a dry, chlorine
resistant reverse osmosis membrane
for desalination.
Find an efficient, cost effective
and reliable method of treating sur-
face water to pi:oduce potable water.
Evaluate procedures for providing
sanitary farm water; develop treat-
ment procedures to produce potable
water with minimum chlorination;
tank effluent .
-------
TABLE 3-4
CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
F. General
(concluded)
PROJECT
NUMBER
146
208
PROJECT TITLE
Water Harvesting for
Domestic and Farm Use in
the State of Hawaii
Duluth Demonstration
Grant
PERFORMI NG
ORGANIZATION
State Board of
Land and Natural
Resources
Honolulu, Hawaii
Duluth, Minnesota
SUPPORTING
ORGANIZATION
US DA
EPA
PRO.I ECT
DATES
10/76-9/7?
11/75-7/BO
CONTAMINANTS
Not specified
Not specified
SUMMARY
Develop reliable, potable water supplies
for small communities or homes using water
harvesting techniques.
Determine the type and nature of research
to be performed on demonstration grant,
i.e., asbestos removal, microorganism
removal.
-------
TAliLE 3-5
SUMMARY OF ONGOING RESEARCH PROJECTS*
<_0
«
to
Research
Categories
Health
Effects
Environmental
Transport
Measurement
and
Monitoring
Control
Technology
TOTAL
Contaminant Croups
Organic
Solutes
34
(3)
5
(3)
AO
(16)
28
(4)
107
Inorganic
Solutes
34
(3)
2
(1)
25
(7)
7
(1)
68
Microbiological
Pollutants
3
1
(1)
36
(4)
23
(7)
63
Participates
9
0
11
6
(A)
26
Radioactive
Pollutants
4
10
7
(1)
2
23
General
11
2
17
17
47
Total
95
20
136
83
3342
All the projects identified, classified, and selected for analysis are listed in this Table.
However, about one-third of these projects are addressing the NAS research recommendations.
The remaining projects concern those addressing additional research not specifically recom-
mended by the NAS, general research projects and research projects addressing compounds not
listed in the NAS report.
Numbers in parentheses indicate the number of projects which also appear in either two major
categories of research or groups of contaminants. These specific projects can be found in the
footnotes of Tables 3-1 through 3-4.
2TViere are a total of 309 specific ongoing researcli projects. However, due to overlapping of
proieets in different categories of researcli or groups of contaminants, the total is
different tliari tUe number of actual projects-
-------
TABLE 3-6
SUPPORTING ORGANIZATIONS FOR ONGOING RESEARCH
Supporting
Organization
EPA
DO I
DOD
HEW
USDA
ERDA
International AEC
SSF
Japan, National
Institute of
Hygenic Science
U.S. Veterans
Administration
Kansas State
Government
So Supporting
Agency Listed
Arkansas State
Government
Others*
Health
Effects
58
1
2
15
1
•>
1
0
3
3
0
3
1
5
Number of Prc
Environmental
Transport
5
6
1
0
0
4
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
jeccs Being S
Measurement
and
Monitoring
78
14
11
4
6
4
5
3
0
0
1
Q
1
5
upported
Control
Technology
53
13
8
0
7
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
4
Total
194
34
22
19
14
10
9
3
3
3
3
3
2
15
TOTAL
95
20
132
87
334
*0thers include the following organizations which support one project
each:
Health Effects: Canadian Cancer Institute; Colorado State Government;
U.S. Department of State;.Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research;
Manufacturing Chemical Association, Inc.;
Environmental Transport: Illinois State Government;
Measurement and Monitoring: Alabama State Government; United Kingdom,
University of Manchester; Utah State University; Wisconsin Public
Service Corporation; Wisconsin State Government;
Control Technology: City of Seattle Hater Department; Sew Jersey
State Government; Sweden, Board for Energy Source Development; Utah
State Government.
A project in the Health Effects category is jointly supported by EPA
and HEW.
Projects which were classified in two major research categories (e.g.,
Health Effects and Control Technology) have been listed in both areas.
They are as follows:
Four projects supported by EPA are listed under Measurement and Monitoring
and Control Technology; 2 projects supported by EPA are listed under
Environmental Transport and Measurement and Monitoring; 2 projects
supported by HEW are listed under Health Effects and Measurement and
Monitoring; 2 projects supported by DOI are listed under Environmental
Transport and Measurement and Monitoring; 1 project supported by the
International AEC is listed under Health Effects and Measurement and
Monitoring; 1 project supported by Arkansas State Government is listed
under Health Effects and Measurement and Monitoring; 1 project supported
by ERDA is listed under Health Effects and Measurement and Monitoring;
1 project supported by ERDA is listed under Environmental Transport
and Measurement and Monitoring.
3-73
-------
Administration (ERDA), etc., are also supporting a sizeable number
of drinking water projects.
3-74
-------
4.0 ANALYSIS OF NAS RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS AND ONGOING RESEARCH
ACTIVITIES
4.1 Introduction
The descriptions of the ongoing research projects identified in
this study are compared to the NAS recommendations. Those projects
which relate to a specific NAS recommendation and/or compound are
presented first. The remainder of the projects are addressed to: (1)
areas of research not specifically recommended for the contaminants
listed in the NAS report; (2) contaminants not included in the NAS
report; and (3) general topics within and among major groups of con-
taminants described in the NAS report. It should be pointed out that
although a project addresses a particular recommendation, the degree
of applicability is often difficult to determine without additional
in-depth evaluation since the project descriptions provided by the
SSIE and EPA are brief.
The NAS recommendations for each contaminant listed in the report
have been examined and concisely rewritten in a simple abstracted form.
These contaminants are arranged in the five major groups established by
the NAS, namely: organic solutes, inorganic solutes, microbiological
pollutants, particulates, and radioactive pollutants. Using the
project descriptions provided by the SSIE and the EPA, projects that
in some way address each of the NAS recommendations are listed by
project number under the recommendation. The ongoing research that
was not specifically recommended by the NAS is also identified when
4-1
-------
applicable. The applicable project descriptions are arranged in
numerical order and presented in the Appendix.
The research projects concerned with organic solutes, inorganic
solutes, or microbiological pollutants, which were not considered in
the NAS report, are listed collectively, according to their contami-
nant group classification. The applicable project numbers are listed
after each contaminant and the project descriptions are again pre-
sented in the Appendix.
Projects of a general nature are subdivided into two categories:
(1) those projects which are non-specific with regard to one of the
organic solute, inorganic solute, or microbiological pollutant groups;
and (2) those which are of such a broad concern that they could not
be placed within any of the five major groups of contaminants. The
project numbers for the first category are listed at the end of the
appropriate group of pollutants. The project numbers from the second
category are of such a broad concern that they are listed at the end
of the discussions of the five contaminant groups.
A comparison between the NAS research recommendations and ongoing
research is accomplished by using a set of matrices, similar to those
in Chapter 2.0. Research recommendations which are not addressed
by ongoing research are shown in Tables 4-8, 4-9, and 4-10 of
Section 4.9.
4-2
-------
4.2 Organic Solutes
4.2.1 Abstracted List of NAS Research Recommendations on Organics
Research recommendations are made in the NAS report for the
following organic solutes:
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic
acid (2,4-D)
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic
acid (2,4,5-T)
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxypro-
pionic Acid (2,4,5-TP)
2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxy-
acetic acid (MCPA)
Amiben
Dicamba
Acetanilides
Dinitroanilines
Cyclodiene Insecticides (Aldrin,
Endrin, Heptachlor epoxide)
Kepone
Az in o p ho s me thy 1
Diazinon
Phorate and Disulfoton
Malathion
Methyl parathion
Methomyl
Aldicarb
Carbaryl
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB)
Pentachloronitrobenzene
(PCNB)
p-Dichlorobenzene (PDB)
Benzene
Bromobenzene
Bromoform
1,2-Dichloroethane
Hexachlorophene (HCP)
Pentachlorophenol (PCP)
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
Propylbenzene
Xylene
Acrolein
t-Butyl alcohol
Caprolactam
Carbon disulfide
Chloral
Chlorobenzene
Cyanogen chloride
2,4-Dichlorophenol
2,4-Dimethylphenol
Diphenylhydrazine
Hexachloroethane
o-Methoxyphenol
Methyl chloride
Methylene chloride
Nicotine
Phenylacetic acid
Phthlalic anhydride
1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
Trichlorobenzene
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
Trichlorofluoromethane
Specific NAS research recommendations and applicable project
numbers for each organic solute are presented in abstracted form
on the following pages.
2,4-D
• Study general, sub-chronic and chronic toxicity:
• Additional research not specifically recommended by NAS: 250
4-3
-------
2.4.5-T
• Study sub-chronic toxicity with high purity 2,4,5-T:
• Study carcinogenicity:
2,4,5-TP
• Study acute toxicity with purified 2,4,5-TP:
• Study chronic oral toxicity with purified 2,4,5-TP:
• Study teratogenicity with purified 2,4,5-TP:
MCPA
• Study acute toxicity to define no-adverse effect and minimal
toxic effect doses:
• Study chronic toxicity:
• Study carcinogenicity:
• Study mutagenicity:
• Study reproductive effects:
Amiben
• Study chronic toxicity:
• Study teratogenicity:
• Study carcinogenicity:
Dicamba
• Study chronic and sub-chronic toxicity in rats and dogs:
Acetanilides (Alachlor, Butachlor and Propachlor)
• Study chronic toxicity of acetanilides or their degradation
products, including aniline derivatives:
• Study carcinogenicity of the above compounds:
• Study reproductive effects of the above compounds:
Dinitroanilines (Trifluralin, Nitralin, and Benefin)
• Study metabolism of dinitroanilines in mammalian systems:
• Study chronic toxicity of benzimidazole metabolites of
dinitroanilines:
• Study general and chronic toxicity of new compounds in class:
• Study teratogenicity:
4-4
-------
Cyclodiene Insecticides (Aldrin, Endrin, Heptachlor Epoxide)
• Collect additional toxicological data: 15 (Aldrin,
Heptachlor)
• Additional research not specifically recommended by NAS:
250 (Aldrin)
Kepone
• Study metabolism:
• Study environmental transport mechanisms, persistence and
degradation:
Azinphosmethyl
• Study metabolism of azinphosmethyl in mammalian systems:
• Study mutagenicity:
• Study teratogenicity: '
• Study carcinogenicity:
• Study environmental transport:
• Determine probability of appearance in drinking water:
Diazinon
• Study environmental transport:
• Determine persistence in drinking water:
Phorate and Disulfoton
• Study chronic toxicity to determine no-adverse effects level
for cholinesterase activity considering oxidative metabolites:
• Study carcinogenicity:
• Study teratogenicity:
Malathion
• Study chronic oral toxicity:
• Study carcinogenicity:
• Study teratogenicity:
• Study mutagenicity:
• Study metabolism:
• Determine persistence in water: 80
• Monitor presence in food materials and water: 80
4-5
-------
Methyl Parathion
0 Study toxicity:
® Study teratogenicity:
Methomyl
® Study chronic oral toxicity:
• Determine behavior in water:
& Determine possibilities of appearing in drinking water:
e Study human effects:
Aldicarb
• Determine behavior in water:
• Determine possibilities of appearing in drinking water:
• Study human effects:
Carbaryl
• Monitor presence in food and water:
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB)
• Study acute toxicity to determine no-effect dose and minimal
toxic effect dose in rats:
• Study chronic and sub-chronic toxicity: 264
• Study carcinogenicity (oral) in two species:
Pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB)
• Study sub-chronic and chronic toxicity in two species using
pure PCNB:
• Study carcinogenicity in mice and other experimental animals:
• Study teratogenicity in rats and mice:
• Study acute toxicity with special emphasis on liver and bone
marrow effects:
• Study toxicity of PCNB metabolites:
p-Dichlorobenzene (PDB)
• Study chronic toxicity:
« Study teratogenicity:
• Study mutagenicity:
• Study carcinogenicity:
• Study metabolic activation and covalent binding to tissue con-
stituents :
4-6
-------
Benzene
• Study toxicity:
• Study mutagenicity: 198
• Study teratogenicity:
• Study carcinogenicity:
• Study epidemiology based on industrial exposure:
Bromobenzene
• Study carcinogenicity:
• Study teratogenicity:
• Study chronic oral toxicity:
Bromoform
• Study chronic oral toxicity: 268
• Study mutagenicity:
• Study carcinogenicity: 268
• Study teratogenicity:
1,2-Dichloroethane
• Study carcinogenicity:
• Study teratogenicity:
• Study chronic oral toxicity:
He.xachlorophene (PGP)
• Study chronic toxicity considering target organ toxicity:
• Study carcinogenicity:
Pentachlorophenyl (PGP)
• Study chronic toxicity:
• Study reproductive effects:
• Study carcinogenicity:
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)
• Study chronic toxicity of pure PCBs (congeners):
• Study chronic toxicity of PCS metabolites:
• Determine low level impurities present in PCBs:
• Study epidemiology of populations exposed through industry
or food ingestion:
4-7
-------
PCBs (continued)
• Identify sources of PCB contamination:
• Develop control technology for PCB disposal:
• Study carcinogenicity of individual congeners including both
those metabolized and those stored by man:
• Determine intermediates through metabolic studies:
Propylbenzene
• Study chronic oral toxicity:
• Study mutagenicity: 250
• Study carcinogenicity:
• Study teratogenicity:
Xylene
• Study chronic oral toxicity:
• Study mutagenicity: 301
• Study carcinogenicity:
• Study teratogenicity:
Acrolein, t-Butyl alcohol, Caprolactam, Carbon disulfide,
Chloral, Chlorobenzene, Cyanogen chloride, 2,4-Dichlorophenol,
2,4-Dimethylphenol , Jiphenylhydrazine. Hexachloroethane,
o-Methoxyphenol, Methyl chloride, Methylene chloride, Nicotine,
Phenylacetic acid, Phthalic anhydride, 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane,
Tetrachloroethylene, Toluene, Trichlorobenzene, 1,1,2-Trichloro-
ethane, Trichlorofluoromethane
• Study chronic oral toxicity:
• Study mutagenicity:
• Study carcinogenicity:
• Study teratogenicity:
4.2.2 List of Organic Solutes for Which No Research Recommen-
dations are Made by the NAS
Acetaldehyde Chlordane
*Benzo(a)pyrene Chloroform
BHC isomers DDE
*Bis (2-chloroethyl) ether *DDT
Bromacil Dieldrin
Captan Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
Carbon tetrachloride Di-N-butylphthalate
Study in vitro mutagenicity only
4-8
-------
Dithiocarbamates Styrene
Folpet *2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-
Heptachlor dioxin (TCDD)
Methoxychlor Toxaphene
Methyl methacrylate Triazines
Paraquat *Trichloroethylene
Propanll Vinyl chloride
Additional research (with applicable project numbers) not
specifically recommended by the NAS was found for the following
organic solutes (identified above by an asterisk):
• Benzo(a)pyrene: 15, 198
• Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether: 259, 261, 266
• Chloroform: 270
• DDT: 15, 250
• TCDD: 274
• Trichloroethylene: 41
4.2.3 Organic Solutes Not Listed in the NAS Report Which May
Have Relevancy to That Report
Contaminant Project Number
Acetaminophen: 87
Acrylonitrile: 27
Amines: 298, 303
Benzidene hydrochloride: 198
Benzyl butyl phthalate: 301
BHT: 161
Bis(2-chloroisopropyl) ether*: 259, 260, 262, 263
1-Borneol: 250
Bromodichloromethane*: 266, 268
Caffeine: 87, 198
l-Chloro-3-nitrobenzene: 250
2-Chloropropane 250
1-Chloropropene*: 250
4-9
-------
Contaminant Project Number
3-Chlorotoluene: 250
Cholesterol: 198
Crotonaldehyde*: 250
Dibromochloromethane*: 266, 268
Dibutyltin dichloride: 291
Dichloroacetonitrile: 250
1,1-Dichloroethane: 250
cis-l,2-Dichloroethylene: 250
trans-l,2-Dichloroethylene: 250
Diethylamine: 198
Dimethyltin dichloride: 291
1,1-Diphenylhydrazine: 198
DMBA: 249
Ethanol: 198
1-Ethyl-l-nitrosourea (ENU): 10
Glycerol: 198
Humic acid: 198
Methylchloroform: 41
1-Methyl naphthalene: 250
N-Methyl nitroso urethane: 11
Nitromethane: 250
Nitrosamines: 309
Phenacetin: 87
Phenol: 198
Phenol hydrozinone: 198
N-Propyl nitroso urethane: 11
•Pyrene: 250
Theobrom: 87
Thymine: 198
1,1,1-Trichloroethane: 250
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol*: 250
4-10
-------
Contaminant Project Number
Triethyltin chloride: 291
1,2,3-Trimethyl benzene*: 250
Trisodium nitrilotriacetate (NTA): 89, 198
Urea: 198
4.2.4 General Research Projects for Organic Solutes
Project Number Project Number
9 184
34 186
44 187
48 192
50 194
51 195
53 197
56 199
58 218
70 219
73 220
76 221
79 222
82 234
105 235
117 236
118 252
128 253
134 254
159 256
168 258
171 267
*
The compounds marked with an asterisk are listed in Table 4 of the
NAS summary document as organic contaminants found in drinking
water for which information on chronic toxicity is lacking, although
these compounds are not discussed in the main body of the report.
4-11
-------
4.3 Inorganic Solutes
4.3.1 Abstracted List of NAS Research Recommendations on
Inorganics
Research recommendations are made in the NAS report for the
following inorganic solutes:
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
Lead
Manganese
Mercury
Molybdenum
Nickel
Tin
Zinc
Sodium
Arsenic
Selenium
Fluoride
Nitrate
Water Hardness
Specific research recommendations and applicable research
project numbers are presented for each inorganic solute in abstracted
form on the following pages.
Barium
• Study chronic toxicity:
• Additional research not specifically recommended by NAS:
66, 123, 200, 283
Beryllium
• Study chronic toxicity:
• Study carcinogenicity:
• Study epidemiology with emphasis on development of cancer:
• Determine frequency of occurrence and concentration levels in
natural waters:
Cadmium
• Study epidemiology to correlate cadmium intake by industrial
and geographic regions with specific diseases: 16, 41 84
110
• Perform analysis of cadmium in drinking water particularly in
soft-water areas: 16, 41, 84
• Determine effect of cadmium in vitamin D metabolism: 116
4-12
-------
Cadmium (continued)
• Establish a reference method for cadmium measurement
standards: 66
• Determine protective action of zinc against cadmium toxicity:
• Additional research not specifically recommended by NAS:
3, 83, 200, 279, 284, 285, 289, 290, 297
Chromium
• Develop analytical methods for the analysis of chromium for
broad application: 66
• Determine accurate background information on normal concentra-
tion of chromium in various media:
• Develop techniques for measuring the concentration of chromium
in various valence rates:
• Determine relation between exposure to airborne chromium and
chromium concentrations in biologic tissues:
• Study oral carcinogenicity of Cr(VI) and Cr(III):
• Study chronic toxicity, i.e., increasing the permissible dose:
• Establish the role of dietary chromium with regard to athero-
sclerosis and glucose metabolism:
* Additional research not specifically recommended by NAS:
13, 200
Lead
• Develop animal models of neurochemical disturbances caused by
lead: 292, 293, 294
• Perform clinical and epidemiological studies of lead-induced
neurochemical disturbances:
a Study metabolic interactions between lead, copper, zinc, iron,
calcium, and magnesium: 284, 285
• Study, in soft-water areas, the influence of lead contents in
the distribution system and determine measures for its control:
16
• Develop dose response data for pregnant women, children between
birth and one year, and pre-school children: 110, 287
• Develop improvements in analytical methods: 66
• Determine possibility of the alkylation of lead by aquatic
organisms:
• Additional research not specifically recommended by NAS: 3,
41, 135, 149, 200, 279, 297
4-13
-------
Manganesj^
• Determine causes of human susceptibility to manganese excess
and deficiency:
• Develop methods to predict susceptibility:
• Study chronic excessive manganese exposure effects on pregnant
women, infants, and fetuses:
« Study metabolism:
• Determine antagonistic or synergistic effect of manganese and
other pollutants on human health:
• Determine manganese toxicity dependence on its oxidation state:
• Determine the clinical value of present tests of blood, urine,
and hair as indices of recent absorption of excessive amounts
of manganese and their ability to predict future toxicity:
« Additional research not specifically recommended by NAS: 30,
66, 135, 149, 278
Mercury
• Collect data on the relationship of organic to total mercury
in drinking water:
• Additional research not specifically recommended by NAS: 3,
4, 41, 66, 110, 135, 147, 149, 200, 278
Molybdenum
• Determine relationship of molybdenum, copper, and sulfate-
forming compounds in animals:
• Collect information on molybdenum relative to incidence of
gout and bone crippling disease:
• Additional research not specifically recommended by NAS:
35, 149
Nickel
• Clarify role of nickel in nutrition:
Tin
• Develop a rapid, accurate method of determining the low
concentrations of tin normally found in1 drinking water:
• Additional research not specifically recommended by NAS:
110, 278
4-14
-------
Zinc
• Determine availability of zinc in food:
• Determine presence of a genetic susceptibility to zinc
deficiency in segments of the population:
• Determine human zinc requirements in relation to age and
physiological state:
• Evaluate the possible health implications of the zinc:cadmium
ratio:
• Determine zinc status of various populations and its relation
to other measures of nutrition: 16, 110, 287
• Determine the effect of zinc supplementation and enrichment
on the health status of well defined populations:
• Determine protective effect of zinc on lead toxicity:
• Monitor zinc content of waters that are soft and have travelled
through galvanized pipe: 16
• Additional research not specifically recommended by NAS: 66,
135, 149, 279
Sodium
• Clarify role of genetic factors, hormones, dietary factors and
psychological factors in combination with sodium on the develop-
ment of hypertension: 286
• Collect information on the average daily intake of sodium,
potassium, calcium, and trace metals by different segments
of the U.S. population and on the relative contributions of
water and other dietary sources to intake: 135, 300
• Analyze day-to-day and seasonal variations in the composition
of water supplies and variation in human water intake:
• Develop efficient methods for bulk desalinization of water:
97, 99, 203, 211, 252
• Develop alternative methods of highway ice control:
• Additional research not specifically recommended by NAS: 149
Arsenic
• Improve and standardize speciation techniques for analyses and
application to various biological materials: 66
• Perform interlaboratory crosschecking of the accuracy of the
many measurement methods:
• Determine quantities of environmental arsenic and their sources
and fate: 110, 158
4-15
-------
Arsenic (continued)
• Study arsenic metabolism in man and animals: 116
• Determine presence of cocarcinogens in water supplies: 299
• Develop animal model for carcinogenicity studies with particular
reference to arsenic trioxide and pentoxide:
• Study chronic toxicity: 60
• Study the effect of arsenic on cellular mechanisms:
• Study teratogenicity:
« Study mutagenicity:
• Study the interaction of arsenic with selenium, copper and
zinc: 60 (only the interaction between selenium and arsenic)
• Improve methods for epidemiologic studies to be coordinated
by an international agency:
• Additional research not specifically recommended by NAS:
135, 200, 204, 278, 304
Selenium
• Develop better analytical methods for qualitative and quanti-
tative assays: 66
• Develop systems for monitoring the environment for selenium:
• Define molecular transformations in the mammalian system: 38
• Study the effects of selenium on the toxicity of mercury,
cadmium and arsenic: 60 (only the interaction between
selenium and arsenic)
• Determine sources of natural and industrial emissions:
• Determine cycling of selenium in combination with other trace
elements: 60, 83, 110
• Collect baseline data on selenium concentrations in healthy
and diseased humans: 60, 110
• Study effects of selenium deficiency and excess on induced and
spontaneous animal tumors:
• Determine if segments of the population require additional
selenium for optimum health:
• Collect data on potential or real deficits or excesses in
human populations: 60, 110
• Additional research not specifically recommended by NAS:
200, 204, 289
4-16
-------
Fluoride
• Develop better criteria for diagnosing dental fluorosis:
• Determine rates of dental fluoride in high fluoride communities:
91
• Compare bone and blood fluoride concentrations in chronic renal
disease patients from high and low fluoride areas: 86
• Repeat Rappaport's study on mongolism with intensive case-
finding if there is still an association:
• Evaluate mortality ratios by cause of death and congenital
malformation ratios in fluoridated vs. non-fluoridated areas:
• Study (in-vivo) development of cellular tolerance or intolerance
to fluoride:
• Repeat nonhuman-primate study of Manocha et al. (1975) with
5 ppm water and better controls:
• Repeat chromosomal studies of mice drinking water with low
fluoride concentrations:
• Study dominant lethal effects in rats and mice with mating of
fluoride exposed males to normal females:
• Study epidemiology of mottling and skeletal fluorosis to
determine the no-adverse health effects level:
• Study social consequences of dental mottling:
• Further evaluate cancer death rates and congenital malfor-
mation rates in fluoridated and non-fluoridated cities: 300
• Additional research not specifically recommended by NAS: 22,
135, 204
Nitrate
• Study metabolism of nitrate including its rate of reduction
to nitrite and subsequent reactions to form methemoglobia:
17, 74, 140, 153
• Additional research not specifically recommended by NAS:
125, 126, 127, 130, 133, 135, 138, 149, 201, 204, 302
Water Hardness
• Investigate interrelationships of variables such as rain,
soil chemistry, and human nutrition with water quality and
cardiovascular disease:
• Collect information to identify remedial water treatment
actions: 55, 75, 97, 99, 136, 139, 150, 200, 203, 211, 252
4-17
-------
Water Hardness (continued)
• Ascertain what water factors, if any; are causally linked
to the induction of cardiovascular or other diseases: 7,
17, 21, 24, 59, 84, 125, 269, 273, 275, 281, 282, 283, 284,
285, 286
• Additional research not specifically recommended by NAS:
16, 149, 215, 232, 233
4.3.2 List of Inorganic Solutes for Which No Research Recommen-
dations are Made by the NAS
a Cobalt « *Silver
e *Copper • Vanadium
o Magnesium • Sulfate
Additional research (with applicable project numbers) not
specifically recommended by the NAS was found for the following in-
organic solutes (identified above by an asterisk):
» Copper: 16, 66, 110, 135, 215, 279, 287
• Silver: 66, 110, 200
4.3.3 Inorganic Solutes Not Listed in the NAS Report Which May
Have Relevancy to That Report
Contaminant Project Number
Ammonia: 298
Bicarbonate: 149
Calcium: 149, 284, 285
Chlorine: 106, 149, 226, 276, 303
Gold: 110
Indium: 110
Iodine: 20, 24
Iron 66, 149, 278, 287
Lithium: 300
Polyphosphate: 149, 295
Silicon: 116
Strontium: 4
4-18
-------
4.3.4 General Research Projects for Inorganic Solutes
Project Number Project Number
72 231
75 278
93
4.4 Microbiological Pollutants
4.4.1 Abstracted List of NAS Research Recommendations on Micro-
biological Pollutants
The specific NAS recommendations and applicable project numbers
for microbiological pollutants are listed below:
Bacteria
• For various methods of water treatment, study disinfection
effectiveness, toxicty of by-products, and residual in the
distribution system: 47, 49, 63, 95, 96, 102, 131, 143, 196,
223, 240, 242, 243, 251
• Study epidemiology of water quality and health incorporating
improved pathogen detection methods and reporting of water-
borne disease: 32, 120
• Develop membrane filtration methods to allow testing of larger
samples with reduced interference:
® Improve procedures for making total-plate-counts to assess
the health hazards of drinking water: 246
• Develop more rapid and sensitive methods for detecting pathogens
and the use of such methods for monitoring the quality of water:
39, 163, 247
• Collect data on survival of bacteria in finished and other
types of water: 142, 241
• Develop indicator organisms to supplement the coliform group:
63, 155
• Additional research not specifically recommended by NAS:
78, 81, 132, 165, 244, 245
Viruses
• Develop improved methods for recovery, isolation and enumer-
ation of viruses, especially hepatitis A, from water supplies:
57, 65, 107, 141, 225, 237, 307, 308
• Determine specific etiology of viral gastroenteritis:
4-19
-------
Viruses (continued)
• Develop detection methods for water transmissible gastro-
enteritis virus: 65, 68, 107, 141, 196, 225, 237, 307, 308
• Determine amount of virus that must be ingested in drinking
water to produce infections and disease for several different
enteric viruses: 54, 183
• Conduct additional research on the ability of various water-
treatment methods to remove or inactivate viruses; develop
low-cost modifications to increase the reliability and the
effectiveness of existing methods: 36, 52, 102, 131, 223,
224, 227, 228, 229, 239
• Monitor presence of viruses in potable water: 165, 166
• Determine degree to which bacteriological monitoring methods
predict viral contamination: 164
• Additional research not specifically recommended by NAS:
148, 306
Pathogenic Parasites
• Define the conditioning required for the destruction of
Giardia lamblia cysts and those of other parasite protozoa:
102, 205
• Additional research not specifically recommended by NAS:
137, 248, 288, 305
4.4.2 Microbiological Pollutants Not Listed in the NAS Report
Which May Have Relevancy to That Report
Contaminant Project Number
Aquatic actinomycetes: 132, 156
Toxigenic algae: 162, 296
4.4.3 General Research Projects for Microbiological Pollutants
Project Number
103
108
4-20
-------
4.5 Particulates
4.5.1 Abstracted List of NAS Research Recommendations on
Particulates
Specific NAS research recommendations and applicable project
numbers for particulates are presented below:
General Particulate Matter and Clays
• Survey suspended particulate matter in raw and treated
drinking water supplies in several "typical" communities:
• Analyze accompanying organic and inorganic materials and
microorganisms in solution and characterize the particulates
with respect to size, shape, composition and adsorbed
constituents:
• Collect information on the effects of inorganic, organic and
biological toxicants adsorbed on clay and organic particulates:
• Determine effect of adsorbed pollutants on humans following
ingestion:
• Develop improved and standardized methods for measuring
turbidity:
• Investigate adsorption chemistry relative to water treatment
methods: 223, 228, 229
• Study interactions between viable (viruses, etc.,) and non-
viable components in drinking water:
Asbestos and Other Fibers
• Study ingestion of fibers of various size distribution in
validated animal models: 182
• Study epidemiology of time trends in death rates in areas
that have high concentrations of mineral fibers in drinking
water: 43, 90, 115, 124, 174, 179
• Evaluate electron microscopy procedures for detecting and
counting asbestos fibers with respect to their specificity,
precision and accuracy:
« Develop analytical methods for measuring differences between
asbestos and other fibers: 176, 217, 230
• Relate analytical methods to mineralogy:
• Additional research not specifically recommended by NAS:
46, 71, 129, 173, 175, 177, 178, 180, 181, 206, 209, 210
4-21
-------
4.6 Comparison of NAS Research Recommendations with Ongoing Research
Recommendations on Radioactive Pollutants
4.6.1 Abstracted List of NAS Research Recommendations on Radio-
active Pollutants
Specific NAS research recommendations and applicable project
numbers for radioactive pollutants are presented below:
Radioactive Pollutants
• Determine whether radon emanations from water constitute an
inhalation hazard:
• Determine the ratio of radium-228 to radium-226 in several
ground and surface waters whose concentrations of radium-266
are known including the percentage of daughter radionuclides
present:
• Study effects of finely divided solids present in drinking
water on the metabolism and uptake of radionuclides:
• Determine the complete distributions of beta and alpha
radiation that constitute the gross counting measurements for
several water systems:
• Additional research not specifically recommended by NAS:
1, 5, 8, 18, 19, 23, 29, 30, 31, 33, 38, 42, 61, 100, 109,
111, 112, 113, 114, 119, 123, 200, 202
&
4.7 General Ongoing Research Projects
Project Number Project Number Project Number
2 94 ' 151
14 98 157
28 101 160
45 104 169
62 121 170
64 122 207
67 144 208
85 145 213
92 146 255
280
These projects are of such broad concern that they could not be placed
within any of the five major groups of contaminants.
4-22
-------
4.8 Comparison of NAS Research Recommendations with Ongoing Research
Projects
The comparisons between the NAS recommendations and the ongoing
research are synoptically shown in Tables 4-1, 4-2, and 4-3. These
matrices are similar to the ones in Chapter 2.0, except that project
numbers appear if they address an NAS recommendation. If no project
is applicable to a stated recommendation, an X appears to indicate
only that a recommendation has been made. Finally, project numbers
accompanied by an asterisk indicate ongoing research not specifically
recommended by the NAS.
Table 4-4 summarizes the NAS research recommendations which
are being addressed by ongoing research projects. The information
in this Table is based on the abbreviated form of the NAS research
recommendations presented in Sections 4.2 through 4.6. However, a
single abstracted recommendation sometimes indicates more than one
area of research, as presented in Tables 2-2 to 2-4. Similarly, a
single X in one of these Tables can indicate the existence of more
than one abstracted recommendation in a single area of research.
For example, an abstracted recommendation for reproductive studies
may indicate a need for both teratogenicity and mutagenicity research,
while a single X in the monitoring column of the matrix can stand
for any number of recommendations made in that area. Consequently,
the number of NAS research recommendations made for each major con-
taminant class can be different than those presented in Table 4-4
4-23
-------
TABLE 4-1
COMPARISON OF WAS RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS WITH ONGOING RESEARCH PROJECTS - ORGANIC SOLUTES
Contaminant
Herbicides
Insecticides
Funplcides
. Fumipant
Other
Organic
Constituents
2,4-D
2,4^5-T
TCDD
2,4,5-TP
MCPA
Amiben
Dicaraba
i
Acetanilides
Propanil
2
Triazines
Bromacil
Paraquat
3
Dinitroanilines
Acrolein
4
Dieldrin, Heptaehlor, Chlordane
6
Aldrin, Endrin, Heptachlor epoxlde
4
DDT, DDE
Methoxychlor
4
BHC isomers
4'
Kepone
Toxaphene
Azinphosmethyl
Diazinon
Phorate and Disulfoton
Malathion
Methyl parathion
Methomyl
Aldicarb
Carbaryl
4 5
Dithiocarbamates '
Captan and Folpet
Hexachlorobenzene ^HCB)
(PCNB) Pentachloronitrobenzene
p-Dichlorobenzene (PDB)
Acetaldehyde
Benzene
4
Benzo ( a )pyrene
Bromobenzene
Bromoform
t-Butyl alcohol
Caprolactam
Health Effects
Toxicity
General
X
X
X
X
X
X
15
15*
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
15*
Acute
X
X
X
Chronic
X
X
274*
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
264
X
X
X
268
X
X
Carcino-
genicity
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
268
X
X
Muta-
genicity
250*
X
X
X
250*
250*
X
X
X
198
198*
X
X
X
Terato-
genicity
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Epidemi-
ology
X
Metab-
olism
and
Fate
X
X
X
X
X
X
Syner-
gistlc/
Antago-
nistic
Effects
Environ-
mental
Trans-
port
i
X
X
X
80
X
. X
Measurement
and Monitoring
Sample-
Collec-
tion and
Analysis
Moni-
toring
80
X
Control
Technology
Development
TABLE 4-1
COMPARISON OF NAS RESEARCH RECOMMEN-
DATIONS WITH ONGOING RESEARCH
PROJECTS - ORGANIC SOLUTES
4-25
-------
TABLE 4-1 (CONCLUDED)
Contaminant
Other
Organic
Constituents
Carbon disulfide
It
Carbon tetraohloride
Chloral
Chlorobenzene
4
iis(2-Chloroethyl) ether
4
Chloroform
Cyanogen chloride
Di-n-butyl phthalate
1 , 2-Diohloroethane
2,4-Dichlorophenol
Di (2-ethylhexyl Jphthlate
2,4-Dimethylphenol
Dlphenylhydrazine
Hexachloroethane
Hexachlorophene (HCP)
o-Methoxyphenol
Methyl chloride
Methylene chloride
Methyl methacrylate
Nicotine
Pentachlorophenol (PCP)
Phenylacetic acid
Phthalic anhydride
Folychlorinated blphenyls (PCBs)
Propylbenzene
Styrene
1,1,1,2 -Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
Tri Chlorobenzene
1 , 1 , 2 -Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
• Trichlorofluoromethane
Vinyl chloride
Xylene
Health Effects
Toxicity
General
X
Acute
Chronic
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Carcino-
genlcity
X
X
X
255*
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Muta-
^enicity
X
X
X
261*
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
250
X
X
X
X
X
X
301
Terato-
genicity
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
, x
X
X
X
X
X
Epidemi-
ology
270*
X
Metab-
olism
and
Fate
X
Syner-
gistic/
Antago-
nistic
Effects
266*
i
Environ-
mental
Trans-
port
'
Measurement
and Monitoring
Sample
Collec-
tion anc
Analysis
X
41*
Moni-
toring
X
Control
Technology
Development
X
An asterisk indicates research projects which do not address an MAS recommendation.
Numbers without asterisks indicate research projects which do address an MAS recommendation.
An X indicates that none of the ongoing research addresses the recommendation made by NAS.
1
The Acetanilids considered here are Alachlor, Butachlor, and Propachlor.
2
The Triazines considered here are Altrazine, Simazine, Propazine, and Cyanazine.
3
The Dinitroanilines considered here are Trifluralin, Nitralin, and Benefin.
4
In view of existing data, and taking into account the risk estimates, it is suggested that very strict criteria be applied when establishing limits for Dieldrin, Heptachlor, Chlor-
dane, DDT, DDE, BHC isomers, Kepone, ETC (a decomposition product of the Dlthiocarbamates), Benzo(a)pyrene, Carbon tetrachloride, bis(S-Chloroethyl) ether, and chloroform in
drinking water.
The Dithiocarbamates considered here are Ferbam, Maneb, Zineb, Thiram and Ziram (and ETU).
6 ' • '
The X under General Toxicity for Aldrin, Endrin and Heptachlor epoxide is applicable only to Aldrin and Heptachlor.
Sources: Compiled from the National Academy of Sciences, 1977. Drinking Water and Health. Washington, D.C.
Descriptions of Ongoing Research Projects were supplied by the Smithsonian Science Information Exchange and the Environmental Protection Agency.
TABLE 4-1 (CONCLUDED)
4-27
-------
r-
jontaminant
—
Rorvllium
Cadmium
(Yihalt
Copper
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
tercury
folybdenum
Uckel
Stiver
Tin
Vanadium
Zinc
3odiuiD
irsenic
1
Selenium
— — _
Fluoride
Nitrate
Sulfate
Water
Hardness
TmH r-i f y
General Acute
290*, 297*
X
293*.
297*
X
35*
X
302* 133*
286*
Chronic
X
X
3*, 83*
X
3* ,110,
287
X
3*
60
60,83,
110
X
Carcino-
gen! city
X
X
X
Health E
Muta-
genicity
13*
X
X
ffects
Terato-
aenicity
X
X
X
Epidemi-
iology
283*
X
16,41,84,
110,285*
X
X
16,110,
287
135,300
X
60,110
86,91,
300
7,17,21,
24,59,84
125,269,
273,275,
281,282,
283,284,
285
Metab-
olism
and
Fate
116
X
292,294
X
X
X
116
38
X
17,74,
125*,
126*, 12 7*
130*, 140,
153
Syner-
gistic/
Antago-
nistic
Effects
284*. 60*
116*
284,285
284*5285*286
>0*
X
83*
X
284*
SO
X
X
Environ-
mental
Trans-
port
123*
4*
110,158
X
Measurement
Sample
Collection
and
Analysis
66*
X
16,41,66,84
279*, 289*
66
16*. 66*, 110*
135*. 279*,
287*
41*. 66, 135*,
149*, 278*,
279*
X
30*, 66*. 135*,
149*, 278*
X
41*. 66*. 110*
135*, 147*.
149*, 278*
149*
66*. 110*
1. X
110*. 279*
16, 66*, 135*.
149*. 279*
X
149*
66, 135*, 2 78*,
299,304*
66,289*
22,135*
135*. 138*,
149*
16*, 149*.
232*, 233*
& Monitoring
Monitoring
X
X
X
16
X
X
X
Control
Technology
Development
200*
200*
200*
215*
16, 200*
200*
200*
97,99,203,
211,252
200*, 204*
200*, 204*
204*
2 01*, 20 4*
55,75,97,99,
136,139,150,
200 ,203, 211,
215*, 252
indicates research projects which do not address an NAS recommendation.
A*1 X l ,H out asterisks indicate research projects which address en NAS recommendation.
cates that none of the ongoing research addresses the recommendation made by NAS.
Sources• R
Recommendations compiled from the Natio-aal Academy of Sciences, 1977. Drinking Water and Health. Washington, D.C.
Descriptions of Ongoing Research Projects were supplied by the Smithsonian Science Information Exchange and by the Environmental Protection Agency.
TABLE 4-2
COMPARISON OF NAS RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS
WITH ONGOING RESEARCH PROJECTS - INORGANIC SOLUTES
4-29
-------
TABLE 4-3
COMPARISON OF NAS RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS WITH
ONGOING RESEARCH PROJECTS - MICROBIOLOGICAL POLLUTANTS, PARTICULATES, RADIOACTIVE POLLUTANTS
Contaminant
CAL POLLU-
TANTS
Bacte~ria
Viruses
Pathogenic
Parasites
PARTICULATES
Clays and
general
part ic ulate
matter
Asbestos
and fibrous
materials
RADIOACTIVE
i POLLUTANTS
Health Effects
Toxicity
General
78*
54,183
181*, 182
X
1
1
Acute
54
23*
Chronic
23*, 42*
Carcino-
genici ty
Muta-
genicity
181*
Terato-
genicl ty
Epidemi-
ology
32,120
43,90,
115,124,
1 74,179
23*
Metab-
olism
and
Fate
180*
X
38*
Syner-
gistic/
Antago-
nistic
Effects
X
X
Environ-
mental
Trans-
port
288*
1*,8*,18*,
19*. 109*.
Ill*, 112*,
113*, 119*,
123*
Measurement & Monitoring
Sample
Collection
and
Analysis
39,63,81*,
135*. 142,
149*, 155, 163,
165*. 225, 241,
244*. 245*,
246,247
57,65,68,
107,141,148*.
164,196,225,
237, 306*, 307,
308
238*, 248*.
2 88*, 305*
X
46*, 71*, 129*.
173*. 175*, 176
177*. 178*,
179, 209*, 217,
230
X
5*,29*,30*,
31*, 61*, 100*,
109*, 114*
Monitoring
X
165,166
137*
Cont rol
Technology
Development
47,49,63,95,
96,102.131,
143,196,223,
229,240,242, i
243,251
36,52,102,
131,223,224,
227,228,229,
239
102, 185*, 205
228,229
206*, 210*
33*, 200*.
202*
An asterisk indicates research projects which do not address an NAS recommendation.
Numbers without asterisks indicate research projects which address an NAS recommendation.
An X Indicates that none of the ongoing research addresses the recommendation made hy NAS.
Sources
: Recommendations compiled from the National Academy of Sciences, 1977. Drinking Water and Health, Washington, D.C.
Descriptions of Ongoing Research Projects were supplied by llio Smi tli.son inn SI-IUIKT Inform.-)!: ion Exchange and the Environmental Pr
•otection Agency.
-------
TABLE 4-4
SUMMARY OF THE SPECIFIC NAS RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS
WHICH ARE BEING ADDRESSED BY ONGOING RESEARCH
Contaminant Group
Organic Solutes
Inorganic Solutes
Microbiological
Pollutants
Particulates
Radioactive
Pollutants
TOTAL
Total NAS
Research
Recommendations
194
87
15
12
4
312
NAS Research
Recommendations
Addressed by Ongoing
Research
9
31
13
4
0
57
Remaining NAS Research
Recommendations Not
Addressed by Ongoing
Research*
185
56
2
8
4
255
(
I
OJ
ro
The remaining research recommendations for individual pollutants not addressed by ongoing
research are listed in Section 4.9.
-------
if the greater number of recommendations that appear in either
matrices or in abstracted form are used.
Tables 4-5 and 4-6 list: (1) the total number of NAS research
recommendations made for individual organic and inorganic solutes,
respectively; (2) the NAS research recommendations addressed by
ongoing research for these contaminants; (3) the number of unaddressed
research recommendations; and (4) applicable project numbers. Again,
the information in these Tables is compiled from the abbreviated
form of the NAS research recommendations which are presented in
Sections 4.2 through 4.6. The NAS made no research recommendations
for 27 organic compounds or classes of compounds which are listed in
Section 4.2. There are 194 research recommendations made for the
remaining compounds, but only 9 of these recommendations are addressed
by the ongoing research. About 95 percent of the NAS recommendations
for specific organic solutes are not addressed by the ongoing research
identified at the time of this study. In contrast, about 64 percent
of research recommendations made for the inorganic solutes are not
addressed. Recommendations made for barium, beryllium, manganese,
molybdenum, nickel and tin are not being addressed by ongoing research-
Finally, no recommendations are made for cobalt, copper, magnesium,
silver, vanadium and sulfates.
Thirteen of the 15 research recommendations made for microbio-
lofical pollutants are addressed by the ongoing research while only
4 of the 12 research recommendations for particulates are addressed
(Table 4-7).
4-33
-------
TABLE 4-5
NUMBER OF MAS RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS AND THE HAS
RECOMMENDATIONS BEING ADDRESSED BY ONGOING RESEARCH
FOR SPECIFIC ORGANIC SOLUTES
Total MAS
Research
Contaminant Recommendations
2,4-D
2,4,5-T
2,4,5-TP
MCPA
Amiben
Dicamba
Acetanilides
Dinitroanilines
Acrolain
Cyclodienes*
Kepone
Azinophosmethyl
Diaz in on
Phorate and Disulfoton
Malathion
Methyl Parachion
Methomyl
Aldicarb
Carbaryl
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB)
PCNB
p-Dichlorobenzene (PDB)
Benzene
Sromobenzene
Bromoform
t-Butyl Alcohol
Caprolactam
Carbon Disulfide
Chloral
Chlorobenzene
Cyanogen Chloride
1,2-Dichloroe thane
2 , 4-Dichlorophenol
2 , 4-Dimeehylphenol
Diphenylhydrazine
Hexachloroe thane
Hexachlorophene (HCP)
o-tlethoxyphenol
Methyl Chloride
Methylene Chloride
Nicotine
Pentachlorophenol (PCP)
Phenylacetic Acid
Phthalic Anhydride
Polychlorinated Siphenyls
(PCBs)
Propylbenzene
1, 1, 1, 2-Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
Toluene
Trichlorobenzene
1 , 1, 2-Trichloroethane
Trichlor of luorome thane
Xylene
TOTAL
1
2
3
5
3
1
3
4
4
1
2
6
?
3
7
")
i.
4
3
1
3
5
5
5
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
2
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
194
NAS Research
Recommendations
Addressed by
Ongoing Research
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
]_
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
9
Remaining NAS
Research
Recommendations
Not Addressed by
Ongoing Research
1
2
3
5
3
1
3
4
4
0
-1
6
2
3
5
2
4
3
1
2
5
5
4
3
2
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
9
4
4
^
4
3
4
4
8
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
135
Applicable
Project
Numbers
15
30
264
198
268
250
301
7
The Cyclodianes include Aldrin, Endrin, and Heptachlor Epoxide. The ongoing research
recommendation addresses only Aldrin and Heptachlor. The recommendation for Endrin is not
listed in this Table or in Table 4-8 because it is considered part of Che Cyclodiene group.
4-34
-------
TABLE 4-6
NUMBER OF NAS RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS AND THE NAS RECOMMENDATIONS
BEING ADDRESSED BY ONCOING RESEARCH FOR SPECIFIC INORGANIC SOLUTES
Contaminant
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chppaiiuoi
Lead
Manganese
Mercury
Molybdenum
Nickel
Tin
Zinc
Sodium
Arsenic
Selenium
Fluoride
Nitrate
Water Hardness
Total NAS
Research
Recommendations
1
4
5
7
7
7
1
2
1
1
8
5
12
10
12
1
3
NAS Research
Recommendations
Addressed by
Ongoing Research
0
0
4
1
5
0
0
0
0
0
2
3
5
5
3
1
2
Remaining NAS
Research Recommendations
Not Addressed by
Ongoing Research
1
4
1
6
2
7
1
2
1
1
6
2
7
5
9
0
]
TOTAL
87
31
56
1 Applicable Project Numbers
16, 41, 66, 84, 110, 116
66
16, 66, 110, 284, 285, 287, 292_, 293, 294_
16, 110, 287
97, 99, 135, 203, 211, 252, 286, 300
60, 66, 110, 116, 158, 299
38, 60, 66, 83, 110
86, 91, 300
17, 74, 140, 153
7, 17, 21, 24, 55, 59, 75, 84, 97, 99,
125, 136, 139, 150, 200, 203, 211, 252,
269, 273, 275, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285
TOTAL 49
.£".
VJ1
-------
TABLE 4-7
NUMBER OF NAS RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS AND THE NAS
RECOMMENDATIONS BEING ADDRESSED BY ONGOING RESEARCH
FOR MICROBIOLOGICAL POLLUTANTS, PARTICULATES, AND RADIOACTIVE POLLUTANTS
Number of
Number of Recommendations
Research Being Addressed
Recommendations By Ongoing
Contaminant Made by the NAS Research Applicable Project Numbers
Bacteria
Viruses
Pathogenic Parasites
TOTAL
General particulate
matter and clays
Asbestos and fibrous
materials
TOTAL
Radioactive Pollutants
TOTAL
I. MICROBIOLOGICAL POLLUTANTS
7 6 32,
120
196
246
7 6 36,
107
183
228
1 1 102
15 13 44
II. P ARTICULATES
7 1 223
5 3 43,
179
12 4 13
III. RADIOACTIVE POLLUTANTS
4 0
4 0
39, 47, 49, 63, 95, 102,
, 131, 142, 143, 155, 163,
, 223, 240, 241, 242, 243,
, 247, 251
52, 54, 57, 65, 68, 102,
, 131, 141, 164, 165, 166,
, 196, 223, 224, 225, 227,
, 229, 237, 239, 307, 308
, 205
, 228, 229
90, 115, 124, 174, 176,
, 182, 217, 230
-------
No ongoing research addresses any of the four research recommen-
dations relating to radioactive pollutants.
In conclusion, the above analysis shows that about 22 percent
of the total number of NAS research recommendations are being addressed
by the ongoing research projects identified in this study.
4.9 List of NAS Research Recommendations Which are Not Being
Addressed by Ongoing Research
Tables 4-8, 4-9, and 4-10 show the NAS research recommendations
which are not being addressed by the ongoing research. This infor-
mation as well as that from Table 4-4 clearly shows that most (about
80 percent) of the research recommendations made by the NAS are not
being addressed by the ongoing research identified in this study.
Additionally, an in-depth analysis is required to fully assess the
degree of applicability of the projects which were adjudged to
address about 20 percent of the NAS research recommendations.
Furthermore, a more detailed analysis will have to be performed by
the Office of Drinking Water, since some of the research recommen-
dations should be addressed by other federal agencies.
4-37
-------
TABLE 4-8
LIST OF NAS RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS
WHICH ARE NOT BEING ADDRESSED BY ONGOING RESEARCH
-ORGANIC SOLUTES-
2,4-D
• Study sub-chronic and chronic toxicity
2.4.5-T
• Study chronic toxicity with high purity 2,4,5-T
« Study carcinogenicity
2,4,5-TP
• Study acute toxicity with purified 2,4,5-TP
• Study chronic oral toxicity with purified 2,4,5-TP
• Study teratogenicity with purified 2,4,5-TP
MCPA
• Study acute toxicity to define no-adverse effect and minimal toxic
effect doses
• Study chronic toxicity
* Study carcinogenicity
• Study mutagenicity
« Study reproductive effects
Amiben
• Study chronic toxicity
• Study teratogenicity
• Study carcinogenicity
Dicamba
• Study chronic and sub-chronic toxicity in rats and dogs
Acetanilides (Alachlor, Butachlor, and Propachlor)
• Study chronic toxicity of acetanilides or their degradation products,
including aniline derivatives
• Study carcinogenicity of the above compounds
• Study reproductive effects of the above compounds
Dinitroanilines (Trifluralin, Nitralin, and Benefin)
• Study metabolism of dinitroanilines in mammalian systems
• Study chronic toxicity of benzimidazole metabolites of dinitroanilines
• Study chronic toxicity of new compounds in class
• Study teratogenicity
Acrolein, t-Butyl alcohol, Caprolactam, Carbon disulfide, Chloral,
Chlorobenzene, Cyanogen chloride, 2,4-Dichlorophenol, 2,4-Dimethyl-
phenol, Diphenylhydrazine, Hexachloroethane, o-Methoxyphenol, Methyl
chloride, Methylene chloride, Nicotine, Phenylacetic acid, Phthalic
anhydride, 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane, Tetrachloroethylene, Toluene,
Trichlorobenzene, 1,1,2-Trichloroethane, Trichlorofluoromethane
Study in vitro mutagenicity only
4-38
-------
TABLE 4-8 (continued)
© Study mutagenicity
• Study carcinogenicity
• Study teratogenicity
0 Study chronic oral toxicity
Kepone
* Study metabolism
• Study environmental transport mechanism, persistence and degrada-
tion
Azinphosmethyl
Study metabolism of azinphosmethyl in mammalian systems
Study mutagenicity
Study teratogenicity
Study carcinogenicity
Study environmental transport
Determine probability of appearance in drinking water
Diazinon
• Study environmental transport
• Determine persistence in drinking water
Phorate and Disulfoton
• Study chronic toxicity to determine no-adverse effects level for
cholinesterase activity considering oxidative metabolites
• Study carcinogenicity
• Study teratogenicity
Malathion
• Study chronic oral toxicity
• Study carcinogenicity
• Study teratogenicity
• Study mutagenicity
• Study metabolic processes
Methyl Parathion
• Study toxicity
• Study teratogenicity
Methomy1
• Study chronic oral toxicity
• Determine behavior in water
• Determine possibilities of occurrence in drinking water
• Study effects in humans
4-39
-------
TABLE 4-8 (continued)
Aldicarb
• Determine behavior in water
• Determine possibilities of appearing in drinking water
• Study effects in humans
Carbaryl
• Monitor its presence in food and water
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB)
• Study acute toxicity to determine no-effect dose and minimal toxic
effect dose in rats
• Study carcinogenicity (oral) in two species
Pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB)
• Study sub-chronic and chronic toxicity in two species using pure
PCNB
• Study carcinogenicity in mice and other experimental animals
• Study teratogenicity in rats and mice
• Study acute toxicity with special emphasis on liver and bone
marrow effects
• Study toxicity of PCNB metabolites
p-Dichlorobenzene (PDB)
» Study chronic toxicity
• Study teratogenicity
• Study mutagenicity
• Study carcinogenicity
• Study metabolic activation and covalent binding to tissue con-
stituents
Benzene
• Obtain additional toxicity data
• Study teratogenicity
• Study carcinogenicity
s Perform epidemiological studies based on industrial exposure
Bromobenzene
• Study carcinogenicity*
• Study teratogenicity*
• Study chronic oral toxicity
Less concern is needed than for compounds which show positive
indications of mutagenicity.
4-40
-------
TABLE 4-8 (concluded)
Bromoform
• Study mutagenicity
• Study teratogenicity
1,2-Dichloroethane
• Study carcinogenicity:
• Study teratogenicity:
• Study chronic oral toxicity:
Hexachlorophene (HCP)
• Study chronic toxicity considering target organ toxicity
• Study carcinogenicity
Pentachlorophenol (PGP)
• Study chronic toxicity
• Study reproduction
• Study carcinogenicity
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)
• Study chronic toxicity of pure PCBs (congeners)
• Study chronic toxicity of PCB metabolites
• Determine low level impurities present in PCBs
• Perform epidemiological studies of populations exposed through
industry or food ingestion
• Identify sources of PCB contamination
• Develop control technology for PCB disposal
• Study carcinogenicity of individual congeners including both those
metabolized and those stored by man
• Perform metabolic studies to determine intermediates
Propylbenzene
» Study chronic oral toxicity
• Study carcinogenicity
• Study teratogenicity
Xylene
• Study chronic oral toxicity
• Study carcinogenicity
• Study teratogenicity
4-41
-------
TABLE 4-9
LIST OF NAS RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS
WHICH ARE NOT BEING ADDRESSED BY ONGOING RESEARCH
-INORGANIC SOLUTES-
Barium
© Study chronic toxicity
Beryllium
• Study chronic toxicity
• Study carcinogenicity
• Perform epidemiological studies with emphasis on development of
cancer
• Determine frequency of occurrence and concentration levels in
natural waters
Cadmium
• Determine protective action of zinc against cadmium toxicity
Chromium
• Determine accurate background information on normal concentrations
of chromium in various media
• Develop techniques for measuring the concentration of chromium
in various valence states
• Determine relation between exposure to airborne chromium and
chromium concentrations in biologic tissues
• Study oral carcinogenicity of Cr(VI) and Cr(III)
• Study chronic toxicity r.e. increasing the permissible dose
• Establish the role of dietary chromium with regard to athero-
sclerosis and glucose metabolism
Lead
• Perform clinical and epidemiological studies of lead induced
neurochemical disturbances
• Determine the possibility of the alkylation of lead by aquatic
organisms
Manganese
• Determine causes of human susceptibility to manganese excess and
deficiency
• Develop methods to predict susceptibility
• Determine effects of chronic excessive manganese exposure on
pregnant women, infants, and fetuses
• Perform metabolic studies
• Determine antagonistic or synergistic effect of manganese and
other pollutants in human health
• Determine whether the toxicity of manganese is dependent on its
oxidation state
4-42
-------
TABLE 4-9 (continued)
Manganese (Continued)
• Determine the clinical value of present tests of blood, urine,
and hair as indices of recent adsorbtion of excessive amounts of
manganese and their ability to predict future toxicity
Mercury
• Collect data on the relationship of organic to total mercury in
drinking water
Molybdenum
• Determine relationship of molybdenum, copper, and sulfate-forming
compounds in animals
• Develop information on molybdenum relative to incidence of gout
and bone crippling disease
Nickel
• Clarify the role of nickel in nutrition
Tin
• Develop a rapid, accurate method of determining the low concen-
trations of tin normally found in drinking water
Zinc
• Determine availability of zinc in food
• Determine presence of a genetic susceptibility to zinc deficiency
in segments of the population
• Determine human zinc requirements in relation to age and physio-
logic state
t Evaluate possible health implications of the zinc:cadmium ratio
0 Determine effect of zinc supplementation and enrichment on the
health status of well-defined populations
• Determine protective effect of zinc on lead toxicity
Sodium
• Analyze day-to-day and seasonal variations in the composition of
water supplies and on variation in human water intake
• Develop alternative methods of highway ice control
Arsenic
• Perform interlaboratory crosschecking of accuracy of many
measurement methods
• Develop animal model for carcinogenicity studies with particular
reference to arsenic trioxide and pentoxide
• Study the effect of arsenic on cellular mechanisms
• Study teratogenicity
• Study mutagenicity
• Improve methods for epidemiologic studies to be coordinated by an
international agency
• Study interaction of arsenic with selnium, copper and zinc
4-43
-------
TABLE 4-9 (concluded)
Selenium
• Develop systems for monitoring the environment for selenium
• Develop effects of selenium on the toxicity of mercury, cadmium,
and arsenic
• Determine sources of natural and industrial emissions
• Determine effects of selenium deficiency and excess on induced
and spontaneous animal tumors
• Determine if segments of the population require additional
selenium for optimum health
Fluoride
• Establish better criteria for diagnosing dental fluorosis
• Repeat Rappaport's study on mongolism with intensive case-finding
if there is still an association
• Evaluate mortality ratios by cause of death and congenital mal-
formation ratios in fluoridated vs. non-fluoridated areas
• Perform in vivo studies of the development of cellular tolerance
or intolerance to fluoride
• Repeat nonhuman-primate study of Manocha et al. (1975) with 5 ppm
water and better controls
• Perform dominant lethal studies in rats and mice involving mating
of fluoride exposed males to normal females
• Repeat chromosomal studies of mice drinking water with low
fluoride concentrations
• Perform epidemiological studies of mottling and skeletal fluorosis
to determine the no-adverse health effects level
• Perform sociological studies to ascertain the extent to which
dental mottling is regarded as an adverse effect
Water Hardness
• Investigate interrelationships of variables such as rain, soil
chemistry, and human nutrition with water quality and cardio-
vascular disease
4-44
-------
TABLE 4-10
LIST OF NAS RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS
WHICH ARE NOT BEING ADDRESSED BY ONGOING RESEARCH
-MICROBIOLOGICAL POLLUTANTS, PARTICULATES, AND RADIOACTIVE POLLUTANTS-
MICROBIOLOGICAL POLLUTANTS
Bacteria
• Develop membrane filtration methods to allow testing of larger
samples with reduced interference
Viruses
• Perform specific etiology of viral gastroenteritis
PARTICULATES
General Particulate Matter and Clays
• Survey suspended particulate matter in raw and treated drinking
water supplies in several "typical" communities
• Analyze accompanying organic and inorganic material and micro-
organisms in solution, as well as characterization of the parti-
culates with respect to size, shape, composition and adsorbed
constituents
• Collect information on the effects of inorganic, organic and
biological toxicants adsorbed on clay and organic particulates
• Determine effect of absorbed pollutants on humans following
ingestion
• Develop improved and standardized methods for measuring turbidity
• Interactions between viable (viruses, etc.,) and nonviable
components in drinking water
Asbestos and Other Fibers
• Evaluate electron microscopy procedures for detecting and
counting asbestos fibers with respect to their specificity,
precision and accuracy
• Relate analytical methods to mineralogy
RADIOACTIVE POLLUTANTS
• Determine whether radon emanations from water constitute an
inhalation hazard
• Determine the ratio of radium-228 to radium-226 in several ground
and surface waters whose concentrations of radium-266 are known
including the percentage of daughter radionuclides present
• Study effects of finely divided solids present in drinking water
on the metabolism and uptake of radionuclides
• Determine the complete distributions of beta and alpha radiation
that constitute the gross counting measurements for several
water systems
4-45
-------
5.0 INDEX OF RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS5''
5.1 Organic Solutes
Acetaldehyde: 2-5; 2-26; 4-8; 4-25
Acetanilides: 2-5; 2-16; 4-3; 4-4; 4-25; 4-34; 4-38
Acrolein: 2-5; 2-17; 4-3; 4-8; 4-25; 4-34; 4-38
Aldicarb: 2-5; 2-20; 4-3; 4-6; 4-25; 4-34; 4-40
Aldrin: 2-5; 2-17; 4-3; 4-5; 4-25
Amiben: 2-5; 2-16; 4-3; 4-4; 4-25; 4-34; 4-38
Azinphosmethyl: 2-5; 2-18; 4-3; 4-5; 4-25; 4-34; 4-39
Benzene: 2-5; 2-23; 4-3; 4-7_; 4-25; 4-34; 4-40
Benzo(a)pyrene: 2-5; 2-26; 4-8; 4-9; 4-25
BHC isomers: 2-5; 2-26; 4-8; 4-25
Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether: 2-7; 2-26; 4-8; 4-9; 4-27
Bromacll: 2-5; 2-26; 4-8; 4-25
Bromobenzene: 2-5; 2-23; 4-3; 4-7; 4-25; 4-34; 4-40
There are three sets of underlined numbers in this index:
The first set indicates the pages in Chapter 2.0 where the NAS
research recommendations for each contaminant are given without
changes (verbatim).
The second set indicates the pages in Chapter 4.0 where the NAS
research recommendations for specific contaminants are given in
abbreviated form.
When the third set occurs in Chapter 4.0 it indicates the pages
where the NAS research recommendations for specific contaminants are
not addressed by ongoing research.
The sets of nonunderlined numbers indicate the pages where the
contaminants are found in matrices and/or tables.
5-1
-------
Bromoform: 2-5; 2-17; 4-3; 4-7; 4-25; 4-34; 4-41
t-Butyl alcohol: 2-5; 2-17; 4-3; 4-8; 4-25; 4-34; 4-38
Caprolactam: 2-5; 2-17; 4-3; 4-8; 4-25; 4-34; 4-38
Captan: 2-5; 2-26; 4-8; 4-25
Carbaryl: 2-5; 2-21; 4-6; 4-34; 4-40
Carbon disulfide: 2-7; 2-17; 4-3; 4-8; 4-27; 4-34; 4-38
Carbon tetrachloride: 2-7; 2-26; 4-8; 4-27
Chloral: 2-7; 2-17; 4-3; 4-8; 4-27; 4-34; 4-38
Chlordane: 2-5; 2-26; 4-8; 4-25
Chlorobenzene: 2-7; 2-17; 4-8_; 4-27; 4-34; 4-38
Chloroform: 2-7; 2-26; 4-8; 4-9; 4-27
Cyanogen chloride: 2-7; 2-17; 4-3; 4-8; 4-27; 4-34; 4-38
Cyclodiene insecticides: 4-3; 4-5; 4-34
DDE: 2-5; 2-26; 4-8; 4-25
DDT: 2-5; 2-26; 4-8; 4-9; 4-25
Diazinon: 2-5; 2-18; 4-3; 4-5; 4-25; 4-34; 4-39
Dicamba: 2-5; 2-16; 4-3; 4-4; 4-25; 4-34; 4-38
p-Dichlorobenzene (PDB): 2-5; 2-22; 4-3; 4-6; 4-25; 4-34; 4-40
1,2-Dichloroethane: 2-7; 2-23; 4-3; 4-7; 4-27; 4-34; 4-41
2,4-Dichlorophenol: 2-7; 2-17; 4-3; 4-8; 4-27; 4-34; 4-38
2,4-Dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid (2,4-D): 2-5; 2-14; 4-3; 4-3;
4-25; 4-34; 4-38
Dieldrin: 2-5; 2-26; _4^8_; 4-25
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate: 2-7; 2-26; 4-8
5-2
-------
2,4-Dimethylphenol: 2-7; 2-24; 4-3; 4-8; 4-27; 4-34; 4-38
Di-n-butyl phthalate: 2-7; 2-26; 4-8
Dinitroanilines: 2-5; 2-16'; 4-3; 4-4; 4-25; 4-34; 4-38
Diphenylhydrazine: 2-7; 2-17; 4-3; 4-8; 4-27; 4-34; 4-38
Disulfoton: 2-5; 2-19; 4-3; 4-5; 4-25; 4-34; 4-39
Dithiocarbamates: 2-5; 2-26j 4-9; 4-25
Endrin: 2-5; 2-17; 4-3; _4-5_; 4-25
Folpet: 2-5; 2-26; 4-9; 4-25
Heptachlor: 2-5; 2-26; 4-9: 4-25
Heptachlor expoxide: 2-5; 2-17; 4-3; 4-5; 4-25
Hexachlorobenzene (HCB): 2-5; 2-21; 4-3; 4-6; 4-25; 4-34; 4-4Q
Hexachloroethane: 2-7; 2-17; 4-3; 4-8; 4-27; 4-34; 4-38
Hexachlorophene (HCP): 2-7; 2-24; 4-3; 4-7; 4-27; 4-34; 4-41
Kepone: 2-5; 2-17; 4-3; 4-5; 4-25; 4-34; 4-39
Malathion: 2-5; 2-19; 4-3; 4-5; 4-25; 4-34; 4-39
Methomyl: 2-5; 2-20; 4-3; 4-6; 4-25; 4-34; 4-39
Methoxychlor: 2-5; 2-26; 4-9; 4-25
o-Methoxyphenol: 2-7; 2-17; 4-3; 4-8; 4-27; 4-34; 4-38
Methyl chloride: 2-7; 2-17; 4-3; 4-8; 4-27; 4-34; 4-38
2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxy acetic acid (MCPA): 2-5; 2-15; 4-3; 4-4;
4-25; 4-34; 4-38
Methyl methacrylate: 2-7; 2-26; 4-9_; 4-27
Methyl parathion: 2-5; 2-2J3; 4-3; 4-6; 4-25; 4-34; 4-39
Methylene chloride: 2-7; 2-17; 4-3; 4-8; 4-27; 4-34; 4-38
Nicotine: 2-7; 2-17; 4-3; 4-8; 4-27; 4-34; 4-38
5-3
-------
Paraquat: 2-5; 2-26; 4-9; 4-25
Parathion: 2-20
Pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB): 2-5; 2-21; 4-3; 4-6; 4-25; 4-34; 4-40
Pentachlorophenol (PGP): 2-7; 2-24; 4-3; 4^; 4-27; 4-34; 4-41
Phenylacetic acid: 2-7; 2-17; 4-3; 4-8; 4-27; 4-34; 4-38
Phorate: 2-5; 2-19; 4-3; 4-5; 4-25; 4-34; 4-39
Phthalic anhydride: 2-7; 2-17; 4-3; 4-8; 4-27; 4-34; 4-38
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs): 2-7; 2-25; 4-3; 4-7; 4-27; 4-34; 4-41
Propanil: 2-5; 2-26; 4-9; 4-25
Propylbenzene: 2-7; 2-17; 4-3; 4-7; 4-27; 4-34; 4-41
Styrene: 2-7; 2-26; 4-9; 4-27
1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane: 2-7; 2-17; 4-3; ^8; 4-27; 4-34; 4-38
Tetrachloroethylene: 2-7; 2-_17; 4-3; 4-8; 4-27; 4-34; 4-38
2,3,7,8-Tetrachordibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD): 2-5; 2-26; 4-5; 4-9;
4-9; 4-25
Toluene: 2-7; 2-17; 4-3; 4-8; 4-27; 4-34; 4-38
Toxaphene: 2-5; 2-26; 4-9; 4-25
Triazines: 2-5; 2-26; 4-9j 4-25
Trichlorobenzene: 2-7; 2-17; 4-3; 4-8; 4-27; 4-34; 4-3JB
1,1,2-Trichloroethane: 2-7; 2-17; 4-3; 4-8; .4-27; 4-34; 4-38
Trichloroethylene: 2-7; 2-26; 4-9; 4-9; 4-27
Trichlorofluoromethane: 2-7; 2-17; 4-3; 4-8; 4-27; 4-34; 4-38
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4,5-T): 2-5; 2-14; 4-3; 4-4
4-25; 4-34; 4-38
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxy-propionic acid (2,4,5-TP): 2-5; 2-15; 4-3;
4-4; 4-25; 4-34; 4-38
5-4
-------
Vinyl Chloride: 2-7; 2-26; 4-9; 4-27
Xylene: 2-7; 2-17; 4-3; 4-8; 4-27; 4-34; 4-41
5.2 Inorganic Solutes
Arsenic: 2-9; 2-33; 4-12; 4-15; 4-29; 4-35; 4-43
Barium: 2-9; 2-26; 4-12; 4-12; 4-29; 4-35; 4-42
Beryllium: 2-9; 2-26; 4-12;. 4-12; 4-29; 4-35; 4-42
Cadmium: 2-9; 2-26; 4-12; 4-12; 4-29; 4-35; 4-42
Chromium: 2-9; 2-27; 4-12; 4-13; 4-29; 4-35; 4-42
Cobalt: 2-9; 2-38; 4-18; 4-29
Copper: 2-9; 2-38; 4-13; 4-18; 4-18; 4-29
Fluoride: 2-9; 2-36; 4-12; 4-17; 4-29; 4-35; 4-44
Lead: 2-9; 2-28; 4-12; 4-13; 4-29; 4-35; 4-42
Magnesium: 2-9; 2-38; 4-18; 4-29
Manganese: 2-9; 2-30; 4-12; 4-14; 4-29; 4-35; 4-42
Mercury: 2-9; 2-31; 4-12; 4-14; 4-29; 4-35; 4-43
Molybdenum: 2-9; 2-31; 4-12; 4-14; 4-29; 4-35; 4-43
Nickel: 2-9; 2-31; 4-12; 4-14; 4-29; 4-35; 4-43
Nitrate: 2-9; 2-37; 4-12; 4-17; 4-29; 4-35
Selenium: 2-9; 2-35; 4-12; 4-16; 4-29; 4-35; 4-44
Silver: 2-9; 2-38; 4-18; 4-18; 4-29
Sodium: 2-9; 2-33; 4-12; 4-15; 4-29; 4-35; 4-43
Sulfate: 2-9; 2-38; 4-18; 4-29
Tin: 2-9; 2-31; 4-12; 4-14; 4-29; 4-35; 4-43
Vanadium: 2-9; 2-38; 4-18; 4-29
5-5
-------
Water hardness: 2-9; 2-37; 4-12; 4-17; 4-29; 4-35; 4-44
Zinc: 2-9; 2-32; 4-12; 4-15; 4-29; 4-35; 4-43
5 .3 Microbiological Pollutants
Bacteria: 2-10; 2-38; 4-19; 4-31; 4-36; 4-45
Viruses: 2-10; 2-39; 4-19; 4-31; 4-36; 4-45
Pathogenic parasites: 2-10; 2-39; 4-20; 4-31; 4-36
5.4 PartiQulates
Clays and general particulate matter: 2-10; 2-40; 4-21; 4-31; 4-36;
4-45
Asbestos and fibrous materials: 2-10; 2-40; 4-21; 4-31; 4-36; 4-45
5.5 Radioactive Pollutants; 2-10; 2-42; 4-22; 4-31; 4-45
5-6
-------
6.0 REFERENCES
National Academy of Sciences, 1977. Drinking Water and Health. Part
I, Chapters 1 through 5; Part II, Chapters 6 and 7. A Report of
the Safe Drinking Water Committee, Advisory Center on Toxicology,
Assembly of Life Sciences, National Research Council. Washington,
D.C.
National Academy of Sciences, 1977- Summary Report: Drinking Water
and Health. A Report of the Safe Drinking Water Committee, Advisory
Center on Toxicology, Assembly of Life Sciences, National Research
Council. Washington, D.C.
Robeck, G. G., 1977. Progress Report: January 1 to March 31, 1977.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Drinking Water Supply Research
Activities. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Safe Drinking Water Act, 1974. Public Law 93-523, 93rd Congress, S.
433, December 16, 1974.
Smithsonian Science Information Exchange, 1977- Drinking Water
Search. Washington, D.C.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1976. National Interim Primary
Drinking Water Regulations (40 CFR 141; 40 FR 59565, December 24,
1975; Amended by 41 FR 28402, July 9, 1976).
6-1
-------
APPENDIX A
RESEARCH PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS
A-l
-------
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE 1,'IFDRMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • ! 730 M Street, N.W. »Washington, D.C. » ?QC3o
TsieDnone(202) 381-4211 • Telex 89435
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
^ T -5 ? 5~4
'"
IN'Tii"N'RT. ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY
L3a2/H2/CF
* 1 -
PROJECT TITUS:
INVESTIGATION OF TaiTIUfl LEVEL IV THE SS'-'ISOHMSNT OF THE KJ> BLSStJH ii
MUC1EAP RESEARCH CENTEH
INVESTIGATOR I
l.S KONIG
a VIWTSH
SQC, yCS S'UC, 5SSEA3CH
POST'ACH 3fc"VC
ifjmFKUHE 1, BUDFW WU
PEDS3A1 ^S
10/76 TO 9/77
t'Y77 FUtlDS UNKHOWH
OF CiEBMANY 7500
The tritiun lavel Is invastiijated of the immediate ?tio iore distant
aniPpRt ff the xaclaruhe Nuclaac Research Center. In tr.a Upper
Rhine Valley apfveen Kenl and flanniiain samples of surface water and
drinking «ater are taxen while additional samples of precipitation and
plants are collected in the immediate vicinity of the Karlsruhe ;iuclear
Research Center.
The reain. objectives of the prograa consist of the deter* ir.atisn of
the environmental burden caused by tritium released fres the Nuclear
Research Center as well as in the study of the radioacolcgical benaviour
of tritii.iB, T^e tritium cancentration o£ the vater samples is
determined 'Jsirg liquid scintillation taehiiTJe i
3IflI lOSfiiPHIC 9EF5HESCESI !D L,A, Konig, M, '.-'inter.
w. Tachlisski . Investigation of the Tritium Lavel in the Xnvironment of
the Ksrlsrnhp "-clear Research Canter, K"X-E*t, 20/76-1 (19761.
A"Df!!DA! Perfariiing organization! 3(=sellschaf t fur K
"30RY OF RESEARCH: Environmental Transport
. CT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 1
A-3
-------
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE iNFORMATIDN EXCHANGE
'^iocim 300 • 1 730 M Street. N.'.-V. • Washington, O.C •
Teleohonei202) 331-4211 -18:6x39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
300 • 1730 M Street. N.'M.-Washington, O.C «20036 , AC-21464-1
Teleohonei202) 331-4211 •TeiexS9495 '
U.S. ENVIRON, P^OlECTICN AGY, SOC1S8
Ci'FlCE OF "SPSABCH L DEV,
72F21*6<>
PROJECT TITT.E:
CAPCINCG?NS IN PT1HIIC 'JATER SUPPLIES MID OTHES SOUHCES
INVESTIOATOR(S(: OePARTMENT/5FeciAl.TY:
w PFLON TROPICAL USD £ M"D P.'iH.-.SITOL
, LCU1SHHA ST'iTr UNIV, SISTSHS 7/74 TC 6/75
SCHOCi CF i"Si;id:iS FY75 FUliDi: UNKNOWN
OStSMIS, LOUISIANA 70H2
The primary objective of the project i,s the development of a
sensitive an<* rractical wathod of detecting carcinogens in municipal
water surclies and sourceSj utilizing bacterial ana/or cultures call
jionitocs. Since approximately ^Q som"iunitiesj comprising 1.5 million
pecple bet«e^n 3t, Francisville, La. and New Orleans, la,, obtain
potafcls water frcm the Mississippi fliver source/ secondary objectives
include: 1)' The sampling of river water at various locations for
carcinogens, 2) Determining whether finished municipal water supplies
contain detectable quantities of earcino^ens, 3) Determining whether
the sentinel systems can detect specific locations where carcinogens are
being introduced into the Mississippi Sive? waters. The experimental
approachps to he employed will Sa dependent upon the frequency in which
carcincqnns %re detected in Preliminary water samplings. Initially/ a
two-step systa" will be employed. The water sample will be sterilized by
filtration/ then incorporated into starile bacteriological media.
Bacterial tyces/ upon wnich extensive genetic studies have beer.
conducted/ wii; he propagated in the media described acove. Parallel
controls utilizing pure water will be insculatsd simultanecusiy,
Progeny of the original inncula win be cropagated in a manner to permit
detection of mutagenic changes. Rates of such changes will bs compared
with those fnund in the control cultures, If significant mutation rates
are found to occur in the presence of the suspact water sample/ the
water will ther he incorporated into call culture media, in which normal
mammalian calls, both human and hangtac* will he propagated as a screen
to distinguish between the actions of the nutarjens and those o±
carcinogens upen, the sentinel bacteria. Cultured cells will be observed
for abfeerration.s in the normal growth patterns, Suspect colonies of
cells 'Jill be selected for subculture and examined for hetercploid
chromosome alterations, Parallel control cultures precared
simultaneously vill be examined similarly, If a substantial proportion
of the water samplings appears to contain bacterial mutagens, the
prescreening p^se, utilizing bacterial strains/ will be eliminated: and
water sa-ples '.-in be directly examined with the mammalian csli systems,
:ATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
-------
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE iSFOBMATlON EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1 730 M Street. M.'.V. • Washington, O.C. • 20C3S
Tsleohone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 894S5
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
AC-218&0
.U.S.' iMVTSON, PROTECTION ACT,
: OFFICE OF 3ES2A3CH & CSV,
302646
72P213&0
PROJECT TITLE:
EFFECT OF CH50!;IC EX?GS'J53 TO LOW LSV3LS OF POLLUTANTS
TtT CHAMG
MIC303IOLOGY
UMIV, ci1
SCHOC1 OF ."SDICIMS
142U M, CH'iliS ST,
"ALTI"C3?; MAHHAND 21201
a S R ' O D «
7/74 TO
FY75
o 3 THIS NHP-
6/75
FUMD5 UNKNOWN
Thi a*turo of this study Is to assess the effect ef chronic
exrosura to lo« levels of common snvironi-ental pollutants upon the
irasure resDorsei fallutants under consideration are the heavy retals
(lead., cad(ri'J:Ti and aiaccury! and various ?asticidesi At present^ the
heavy metals are under active investigation, Tentatively, sutsequent
experi-ents will evaluate the effect of the oegticides. The highly
sensitive impure system of tha guinea pig serves as the nodel,
AdPinistration of these pollutants is via the animals' drinfcina water at
a concentration of 1" 5315 for fiva months, Both humoral and cellular
components will fee investigated. The hu-iicral components include
complement levels., electrophoretic patterns of serum proteins, total
gar.ma-^lobnlj.n fraction of serum» unstimulated and vaccine stinulated
levels of IgC and Igl classes of i^imunoglobulins and quantitation of
specific antibody to the vaccines. The cellular casoonse includes
delayed-hysarsensitivity to iioth Zj 4-dinitrochlorabenZane and
tuherculin, fiopefullyj this study will yield a better understanding of
the effects c.f environmental pollutants upon the immune response of man
and rcssiily provide for better management and treatment .of individuals
developing illness as a result of such exposure. The study imy also
provide »n arfditisnal tasis for raviawing the tolerance levels of these
pollutants ir -nan which are at present based on symptoms resulting from
acute toxicity.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 3
A-5
-------
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
:om 300 • 1 720 M Street. .N.'/V. • Washington, O.C. • 2
Tsleohone (202) 381-4211 • Tulex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 300 • 1720 M Street. N.'/V. -Washington, O.C. • 2C336 A 11-^90-1
Tsleohone (202) 381-4211 • Tulex 89495
I SOX-OUTING
UNITED HIKGOOH
"NIV^BSITY 0? N
•INHALATION' OF fSSC'JHY VAPO'JH - TRACE 3L2:JS»!T STUDIES - ABSCSPTION OF
KEFC'-'HY SI Oi^TAl PBHSOMHEI
INveSTISATQ»l3|:
P3CF US MIXON
TC rcwsm;-.vi
Ci I-EL5BY
VICTCSIA UMV. 0? MANCHESTER 7/74 TC 6/75
OXFORD RD., ,-13 9PL ?Y75 F'JVDS UNKNOWN
UI.'ITED KINGDOM
rer.t of tns up-take of siarcury in *he tissues sf tha cat ag
a result of alteration of environmental concentration,
Trace element studies; D^terainatisn of levels of strcnti'Jm in hard
dental tissues and relationship of these with strontium lavels in water
surplias.
rt af maccury levels in bor'y tissues of aental personnel,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 4
A-6
-------
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
S S I a .V U M -3 E R
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFCHflATiaN EXCHANGE [~
Room 300- 1730 M Street, N.W. • Wasninqion. D,C. • 20036 j AV-475-2
Teleohone (202) 33 M211 • Telex 394S5
asis PUBLIC ssavics CORP.
PROJECT TITLE:
N IIOIJITOBINS
3S JOHNSON
ISIO
L 310 T'ST LA3S, INC,
Cf'TAGf 5E,
Kj ILLINOIS 60062
1/V6 TC 12/76
FY76 f'JNOS
st'idv is dssi^nad to dater^ins the ambient envircnTentai
effects of 'd analysis of airborne partieula tes, well 'Jatafj surface
•«ater, Setter fedinentSj slime, sattom organisnsj tishj .nil!<.,
soi 1.J ntiaceilaneous foodstuffs and aabisnt <7ampa radiation.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 5
A-7
-------
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION CHANGE
lorn 300 • I 730 V Street. N W • Washingx.". D.C. • 2
Telephone (202! 381-4211 • Teiex 89495
NOTiCE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 300 • I 730 V Street, N W « Washingx.-. D.C. • 20026 ; A - _36_
Telephone (202! 381-4211 •Teiex 89495 !
;U,S. DEST, CF THE INTERIOR »I 74^044
: GBCLCG1CAL 3U3VEY
XATiE ?2SOnaCE3 DIVISION
PROJECT TITUS:
' ISPICATIC.'I ANO 3'GUNC-WATEa QUALITY
INVEST 1C 4TOH(i): [}ePARTMffNT/SPec(AI_TY:
S'1 KlflOA!! WA133 ^ESOUSCES DIVISION
U.S. a"?T. Or TH7: IHTS3IOS "7/75 TO 9/76
CaCLCtilCAL S'.'SVEY i"Y76 FUNDS S<»0,S93
:UMSON, W.T3CCMSIN 5370(3
Irrigation .\nd crop fertilization have baen adding nutrients.)
herbicides, and pesticides to tha soil of the sand nlain for the Past 25
years, It is not Knew whether t'hasa chemicals are accunula tin<3 in tha
soil and entering ground vgtesj whethar *.hey have reached equilibri'jin,
or whether their concentrations fluctuate seasonally, :
-------
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
iom 30C • I 730 M Surest, N.'.V. • Wasninrjion, O.C. • 2
Telephone (202) 381-4211 -Telex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 30C • I 730 M Surest, N.'.V, • Wasnington, O.C. -20035 [ 3F-772-2
Telephone (202) 381-4211 -Telex 39495 ;
:U,S, DEPT. OF "LTH, SO, £ HEL.
! PUi5!IC HEALTH SESVICS CONTRACT
I NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH NOICP4334Z (CONTRACT)
MATL, CAMCE8 INSTITUTE
PROJKCT TITLS:
lETIOlOCY 01' ESOPHAGUS CANCER IN CASPIAN UTT08A1 OF ISAS
JTB3;i'.T. AGCY, 3ES, 0" CAtlCER 6/76 TC 5/77
ISO COUaS ALP3HT THOMAS Tt1t> FUNDS SUSjlOO
IY-N, F3AKC3 6<500d
TMs proposal is 'aimed at identifying atiologic factors associated
with 4 high incidence cf asophaqaal cancer in parts of Iran, flainly tha
high altitude ^nd arid regions^ as coioarad to the lower, i?ora fertile
areas cf Iran, Thosa findings may have relevance to the Unitad States
poculdtiop.j which snows a nuch higher rate a^ong the alack than among
the «nitf> ponuiation, Data for the study ara being obtained by field
«or.
-------
SfilfTHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
iom 300 • ' 730 M Street. N.'.V. • Wasnm^ion. D.C. • 2
Telepnone(202) 381-4211 • Taiex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 300 • ' 730 M Street. N.'.V. • Wasnm^ion. D.C. • 20036 ( 31-67- 1
Telepnone(202) 381-4211 • Taiex 89495
'.U.S. OEPT, OF TR? IH7B3Ioa CH 3C-159
GEOLOGICAL St'SVEf
WATS" RESOURCES DIVISION
HICSCLCUY OF CEIJTSU rlEVADA .'iUClEAS TEST
FNV E ST IG'ATO R |s j : oePABTMShT/sVeci
GA pi.iwiocit VATEB assouacss
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION. PSR1OO ^OR THIS N
U.S. jJEPT. OF TXi INT23IOa 7/75 TC 9/7*
COLORADO
Certain hydrologie and gaolojie factors ni'jst Se !
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Removal of Organic Matter from Drinking
Water
(Determining the Organic Content of Drinking
Water)
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: 0. Thomas Love, Jr.
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Massachusetts Health Research Institute, Inc.
(Lawrence Experiment Station)
Lawrence, Massachusetts
PROJECT STAFF: Albert E. Sylvia, Sanitary Biologist,
Principal Investigator
PROJECT DATES: 5/73 - 10/77
FUNDING LEVEL: FY 77 - $30K
PROJECT SUMMARY:
The objective of this study is the development of design criteria
for granular activated carbon (GAG) filters used in the treatment of
drinking water for the removal of taste and odors, and potentially
toxic organic compounds. Studies will continue toward the development
of a rapid, simple, yet reliable method of measuring and monitoring
the performance of GAG filters and accurately determining the sorptive
status of the carbon beds at any given time.
Specially designed pilot scale filters will be used to study the
many variables associated with the use of GAG in water treatment.
The principal investigator will vary the loading rates and bed depths
and use different types and grades of carbon. Monitoring will include
carbon adsorbables, fluorometric properties, specific (volatile)
chlorinated organics, and total organic carbon. The influence on
adsorption due to pretreatment with polyelectrolytes, powdered acti-
vated carbon and sand filtration will be studied and the extent of
bacterial regrowth within the GAG beds will be described. Parallel
testing will compare the pilot scale facility to the full-scale
filtration operation at the Lawrence, Massachusetts, water treatment
plant.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 9
A-ll
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE ;?IFflBMAT10}l EXCHANGE
Room 300 • I 730 M Street, N.W. • Washington, D.C. • 20035
Teleortone 12021 381-4211 • Telex 59495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
i JA?A;I
• "ATI, IN'ST, C? hYGIaHIC SCI.
*1
PROJECT TITLE:
I:,TIJCTTO' 05 TlMCfiS 5* COSTI.MUOUS ORAL A5MINIS7SAT10N C?
1-XTH1L-1-WIT3GSOU3SA I" DONRf'J SATS
5 OP A 3K I:; A
« ."AKA
I OGIU
CHEMICAL PAT'IOT,OGY
'JAIL. IM?T, OF HYGI-NIC SCI.
i-13-i X^TYCG}, SETAGAYA-KU
TC"YO, TCKYC, JAPAN isa
7/75 TO 6/7ft
i'Y7b tUNDS UNKNOWN
1-Praoyi-and 1-fcutyl-l-nj.trosouraas are itnown as strong
in Dcnryu rats. l-EtnYl-l-nltcosoursa ("NiM aee being tested tor
carcincgenicitv and taraet
its
i: f isven-weeic-olcl female Donryu rats used, They divided to
3 grcucs, consisting of 36 rats each, S''U dissolved avgry day in
distilled «atar as <*QQ, 200, and 100 ppm solution. These solutions gave
to ani.»als as their drinicing vater, Tha rats, given ^co ppm SMJ
soluticnj leukemias, ^ost of the laufceinias «ere acythroblastie
leu< = mia, The rats, given 200 PPTO £;;a solutiorij developed many
leu<6!nia.«! an* fe« other tumors, .lore than a half of the leuxercias were
erythrcbiastic leukemia. The rats, given 10^ PP-^ iNU solution, beared
leuxeaiias and feu other tumors. ASout half of trie leuKenias were
eryt'ncoBlaatie leu'
-------
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE !NFOii?flATiQN EXCHANGE
Room 300- 1730M Street. N.W. •Washington, D.C. -20035
Telephone (202! 381-4211 • Telex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
31-243
JAPAN
NA7L, HIST, 0? HYGISHIC SCI.
o^ or Tiinnss ^Y CONTINUOUS OHAL ASHIMTSISATION OF
H-'!I?HCSOU?ETHANES IN SATS
CHEMICAL PATHOLOGY
MAIL. INST", OP 'iYGTEMIC SCI.
L-lS-l KA^IYCGHj 3ETAGAYA-KU
TOKYO, TOKYO, JAPAN L53
7/75 TO 6/76
FY76 FUNDS UNKNOWN
Pat" 1! Carcinogenicity ct "-pcooylaitrosourethane in ACI/M rats,
Continuous oral -idninistration of ^00, 2"0, or loo pnnt solution of :H
preoylnitrosouratnane *o Acl/II rats of beth saxes In tfieir drinxing
water.
?art 2: Carcinogenicity of M-nethylnitrosoucethane. Continuous
oral administr^ticn of 20, 10 or 5 ppm solution of M->
methylniftosourethane to female ACI/N rats in th^ir drinking water.
Ani.Tals vlll be '
-------
'IRS3 11,7*
S?3!7HSQ?]!AN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1730 M Street, N.W. • Washington, O.C • 20036
Telepnone (2021 381-4211 • Telex 894S5
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
31-257
JAPANESE ?f!!TD, FOE CANCEB SES
'THE EFFECTS OF CHtMICAI CARCINOGENS ON' ariDSNTS' MESO- AMD MEIAN SPHROS IN
cunuas
INVESTlGATOR^S | =
:a 3 TAKAYAHA
T SAT3"
T ISHIKAVA
?»THOLOCI
JAFAIiSSii FOUND, TCP CASCZ3 BE5
1-37-1 KA.'lI-TK^aUKURC, TOSHIMA-KU
TOftO, TOKYOj
7/75 TC 6/76
f?76 tUMDS UNKNOWN
It was shavn by several wor
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFOBMAT10JI EXCHANGE
Roo.-n 300 • '730 M Screet, N.W. •Washington. O.C. • 20036
Telephone (202) 331-4211 • Tslex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
J 3 (E N U M B 6 S
3L-3Q9-1
JAPAN'
MfiTl, IKST, 0? HYGIENIC SCI,
39
STUDIES Qt: CHSP^CSCME A8ESRATION INDUCED 3Y WATEH POLLUTANTS
INVESTlO ATOR(3 j:
Y SAYATO
K ^AK.V'J.O
ENVIRONMENTAL "EALTH
NAIL. INST. OF HYGIE'HC SCI.
1-13-1 KA,-1IY.PGH, SETAGAYA-KU
TOKYO, TOKYO, JAPAN 158
TU 3/77
FY76 FUHDS UNKNOKM
0?J-'CTIVEi Chrontosoiiie gberratiorx vas studied in cultured human
bld^t cells and lynphocytas causart by jnetal compounds as a saries
of the studies on nhemica.l. carcinogens In the snvirannent ,
A?P?CACH! Chrorainum coapounds, CrC13j (CK3COO)3 Cr^ K2CrC4 and
K2Cr207, ultt- three cr six valant chromi'imj veca tasted for their
capacity to induce chromosome aberrations in cultured human lymnhocytes
and for their reactivity witli DBA Sy a rsc-assay system and ">utagenicity
tast vith ?., coli !Is 3C3 (atj negativaj uvr A negative), ihe tcequency
of cr.ro3iosona sbi?rraticn increassd with the concentration of these
corpcunds. The chronium compounds possessed a clastogenic potential
and^ fflcrsover.1 the compounds with six-valent chfoniuai were aioce
efficient, in inducing chrornosone aberrations than those uith three-
valent chroaium, Tha results of experiments by rgc-assay and
mutajenirity t°sts were also consistent in the sisc-valent chroi"iun
produced i"or» substantial damage to DMA and possessed .Tore mu tagenicity
than
the cytogenatic study will be carried out en
pollutants (^etals and chlorinated hydrocarbons etc.) which show strong
cy totoyicity .
AC'DFKDAi This project is also supported by:
Pesearch, Ministry of Health and Welfare,
Cooperative Cancer
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 13
A-15
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE iNFGHMATiON EXCHANGE
Room 300 • I 720 M Street, N.W « Washington. DC- 20036
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
A T' O N :
ATOiUC EMSSGY AGENCY 1.381/H1/SB * 1
PROJECT TITLE:
i COf-CENTR.STIOj; DYNAMICS OF SOLUBLE «ATTEH IN A VATSH SUPPLY SYSISM WHICH
"AY FHOPAGAIr ACCIDENTAL POLLUTION i:i THE SYSTEM (A3H3EV)
C GILATH ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
,1 fELTiS"
S <=LIT
I F55!I"SI
A IEVIV
SOFSC '.'UCLEAS KEStASCH IN5T. 7/75 TO 6/76
YAVNr, ISRA3T, FY76 FUNDS UNKNOWN
Larce, systems consisting of a network of pumping stations, pipes,
open charr.els^ artificial lakes (reservoirs) are common for d
water sucpiy, The quality of water supplied to the puslic is
by the quality of incoming water/ chanaes In it within the systen and
the :rcpagatior. of pollutants from thair release points, trrsugh the
systen to the Consumers, changes in watar quality are strcmly affectsd
by the concentration dynamics of soluble flatter in tne systerr. The
propagation of a water-soluble pollutant depends on the concentration
dynamics of the system (a general Property far inert soluble .natter! and
secondary phenomena (li:
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SMITNSDNIAH SGEHCE iHFCBHATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1730 M Street. N.W • Wasmngton, D.C. • :CQ38
Telephone (202) 331-4211 .Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
iu,s, DE?T, ov VI.TH, ED, e ;m,
] PUBLIC HEALTt-- SERVICE
fAi INSTITUTES OF HSALTH
. rAH CSS INSTITUTE
'IMPACT OF 'ssvisotifisiiTAi CARCINOGENS A:ID PSSTICIDJ-S ON KOLLUSXS
PHTtlOGEMTt 0? CANCER £
SLCAil K£TT"?i:ir, TNST. CAN, HSS 9/7^ TC 9/75 MULT.SUPPORT
1^5 "0?TO'( ?r3T 3D.
^Y"^ "SW YORK 10530
C'JTCTIVS: To assay the pathological effects of environmental
carcinogens anH pesticides on the oyster (Crassostrea vir^inica) and to
stud;- til? induction 01 carcinogen and pasticids metatolizing iixad
function oxiaases,
A°?CCACH: -'igtoloaical examination of oyster tissues after in vivo
exposure to "berzo (a) ?yrsnaj DDT, aldrin,, and haptachlor will be
perfcr.Tert, The animals will be exposed to these substances in the
course of exreriTents designed to study the induction cf mixed function
oxidases. T'nese enzy.nes are highly induciile in ndnnals. If they also
prove to be inrtucible in marine organisms, the mean level of snzyr.e
activity in a Tiven population may be a direct reflection of trie level
of pollution in which tne organisms are living, This worK will lead to
field studies *.o see if ^lixed function oxirtase activity in oysters could
be used as a bioindicator of wat--ar pollution!
A"D"::DA: This croject is also suponrtad by: Whitehall Foundation,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 15
A-17
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StfiTHSONIAH SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • !730 M Street, N.W. • Washington. 0 C. • 20036
Telephone (202) 331-4211 -Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
3(1-592-1
U.S. QEi"T, Of wt,TH, ED, £ WEL.
PUBLIC HEALTH S£aVICS
NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH
HEART C VASCULA8 DISEASES DIV,
CONT9ACT
N01HV529<»5 (CONTRACT)
SEATTL-: STUDY Of 13ACE ELEMENTS FSOM SHIRKING HATEB
INVESTIGATOR I
SS.ATTLE KIN'G Cr. CE?T. HEALTH
15607 «,5. 3rI,LEVUE flS3!!OND SO
^EliKVUE, »A3riIMGTCN 93003
5/76
FY76
4/77
FUNDS
The Seattle Water department is jla.r,ninq to reduce the
corrcslvpr.ess c£ its Tolt aiver Supply, Its other major water source^
tfie Cedar 3iver, «ill iot 5e changed. Sputtle water is soft, and
standing tap water s^ples contain cadmi^i-j copper^ lead, and zinc at
levels occasionally exceeding U,S, Drinking Vater Stanaards, The
purpose ->nd objectives of the contract are to measure changes in trace
netals in tap water and to relate these to the levels of trace metals in
avsiiai-lp tissues af residents. aesiden*s of both the Tolt anfl the
Cs-iar 3iver i\ i^trihu tion areas, and within these areas* thcss -ita
corper and galvanized home plumbing will ha Delected for staciy., both
befora a^d ^fter the corrosion control program, Slcod pressure and
heart rate ietprninatians will be nada on subjects of the present study.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring; Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 16
A-18
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE | ^
Room 300 • 1730 M Street, N.W, "Washington, O.C. "20036 I BC-J95
"elections 1202) 381-4211 "Telex 39435
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
. ATOMIC ENESG'f AGENCY
1611/Ci'
PROJECT TITUS!
HSALTH ASPECTS OF DlaTAfl* NITRATES AND DERIVATIVES
EH :<
INVtt 5TI GATOR (S);
3NVJSON HEALTH LAB
HE5HE- U'-IVSBSITY 3 F JIBUSALEM
HACA3SAC "."•OICAL SCHOOL
~..:. BOX 1172
,", ISRAEL
7/75 TC 6/76
?Y76 FUNDS UNKNOWN
Nitrates, nitrites and nitrosamines are present in certain foods,
.i,e.j vecetaMes and preserved neat. Stsrage and processing or tnese
foeds arp of T.ajor importance to the levels of these constituents.
Ascorbic acid vas rtaraonstrated to provide partial Protection against
p.itritas ani ni. trcgaminas in experimental animals,
OHjrcTIVE?: tl) Posslila relationship batween nitrates,
nitrosaiines and gastric cancer in hi^h nitrata areas. (2) Formation
and occurrence of nitrcsaninas in plants, (3) Imolication of drinking
high nitrata water on neart diseases. ( * ) possible central effects of
nitrates among the human population. (5) Significance of vitamin C
prophylaxis against nitrate and nitrosaroine toxicity.
Pessible ralationsnlp between nitrates, nitrosarines and gastric
cancar ir high nitrates areas in Israel! Kitrosamine coupcunds are
Xnewp. to be powerful carcinogens. Many of than can fca found in the
environapnt of sian, -rhese compounds were detected in several human
foods, f'itrosaaiines formation fron their widely distributed precursors
was fo'JH'i to exist at least in the stomach and, perhaps in ether tissues
(the urirary tract). Recently, the high rate of gastric cancer in
certain »r«as in Colombia was attributed to hi.-jh nitrates in drinnina
water. -itratps level in drinking water in nost of the sea coast in
Israel is rising steadily.
1. Spidemiological studies vtll ie carried out tc
rates of gastric cancer in high nitrate areas to control areas (low in
nitrates). Factors such as age, sex, and length of residence in the
area ;vill he taken into consideration, ?. , Urinary and salivary nitrates
and nitrites will be measured in laboratory experiments and ajcng
population of the experimental and control areas to evaluate tnese
parameters for nitrate intake measures, 3, The possible formation of
nitrosamines in individuals of tha population examined will he checked
by analysis if urine samples by gas chropatOTraph-mass spectrometer,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects; Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 17
A-19
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SMITHSONIAN SCSEHCE INFOflWATION EXCHANGE . ^
Room. 300 • 1730 M Streer, M.'.V • Wasningrcn, O.C. • 20036 : 3C-S51
Telephone 1202) 381-1211 -Telex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
;I.NTBP!e delay of this effect and the percentage of other underground
water, The new, nuclear power plant under construction at KrsKo uses
water frnm the Sava as a cooling agent, providing another reason for
such an invastijation,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Environmental Transport
PROJECT DESCRIPTION Mn>ffiER: 13
A-20
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE i ^
Room 300 • 1730 M Street. N.W. • Washington. O.C. • 20036 | BS-231
Telephone (202) 381-4211 -Telex 89495 '
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
ATC:IIC SNEFIG* AGENCY
1700/33
*»ojecT TITLE:
DETS-5HINATIOM Of aA-226 IN SURFACE AITO DHIJIXING
HEALTH
•UNIV. Ci1 LJUBLJAMA
J. STiFAN IM?7I1
JA'iQVA 39
»SA, SOC. FED, HE3. OF YUGOSIAVI5. 61001
7/75 1C 6/75
:Y76 FUNDS UNKNOWN
within thp task "5eter™inatJ.sn of R^-ZZ'J In surfaca and
water" Ha-22ft concentration in t-'is main Slovenian ("octh-west Pact of
Yugoslavia) river waters and waters of srrinis of different aacio
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1 730 M Strsst, N.W. • iVashingTon, D C. • 20036
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
•'J,S. DFST, OF HLTH, SO, £ WSL. SOI AM 18416-030037
FUDLIC HEAIT'-' SS3VICZ
MAIIPMAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH
MAIL, IHST, A8TH, HST. S DI3,
JECT TITLE:
EFFECTS OF inOItfAIION CF PUBLIC WAT2H SUPPLIES (HUMAN)
INVESTIGATORS |:
i;:G3AR
B2TS! ISR?iL HOSPITAL 12/76 TO 11/77
SSCPSQOKLIII-AVE. FY77 £i]\lf.
SOSTPHj MASSACHUSETTS 02215
T'"i? ?r = jpct is part of a broader program (AM 1H416-03)
sunma.ry statesi The Broposed research is intanded to elucidate a
variety of jrobleroa within the iroad field of ThYraidolaay , T.h.a over-'
all interest is to clarify multiple aspects of thyroid hormone economy
in normal ^niaiala and humans and in patients with tayroid dysfunction,
Amons the major tonics to be studiad are; i, "xtrathyroid Factors that
Regulate Thyroid Function; 2, Siaehemical Studies of Thvroregulatary
Kechanisr-sj 3. Sespcnses of the flormaJ. and ^bnor^al Human Thyroid to
Iodine; 4, Trsnscort and Metabolism of Thyroid Hormones; 5i Studies
of the Cellular and Sutcellular Effects of Thyroid Hormones; t.
"iscsllareous ?tudies Selated to Thyroid Disease.
'•fitMn each cf these broad categories, several individual studies
are cropcsed,
IC REFE-HESICE: Invar, S . >J , I Effect of aging or thyroid
hormone pconosiv in rcan, J, Aaier. Geriatrics See. 24;
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 20
A-22
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PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Environmental Influences on Cancer
Morbidity in the Pittsburgh Region
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Greathouse
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: University of Pittsburgh
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
Study the incidence of cancer as a function of water surface areas
and water supply types.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
21
A-23
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SafTHSOHIAN SCIENCE INFORMTICN EXCHANGE
om 300 • 1730 M Street. N.'.V. « Wasninqton. D.C • 2
Teleohone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
5SIG NUMBER
Room 300 • 1730 M Street. N.'.V. « Wasninqton. D.C -20036 , gy-137
Teleohone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 39495 !
!U,S. DFPT. OF HLTH, ED, £ WEL. P01 OE 01850-13-063
PUBLIC HEALTH SE^VICI
>'ATIO>»»L INSTITUTES OF HEALTH
; MATL. INST, OF DENTAL SESEASCH
:FLU03ir;E cnsTE'-'i CF IKFA;IT FOODS
CH L SlTGlT*"""1' 3IOCHE"MPISTTSNX
3fi OFKAUG
UHIV, CF ."IM^ESOTA 7/75 TO
SCHQCL OF '-'SriClME FY76 FUMDS
1JC5 r.AYC
I5j MINNESOTA 55455
Secent studies have provided evidence that the daily intakes of
fluoride in Lnfantg may ba higher than rseonnended» Although
interestim, this data is inadequate since all of the infant fcods
studied vera s-.irchased in thp Chicaco arna and no information was
prcvid=rt as to where the foods were processed, and wnetner cr not
fluoridated water «as used in the Processing, Tnrougii the excellent
cooperation of the three major manufacturers of infant foods we have
been atle t.o obtain a full spectrum of Sab? foods produced at each of
their ^0"9stic plants, Each sampla is fully documented as to t^e
location of thp processing and in regard to the fluoride content of the
water used in processing, A number of the plants usa non-fluoridated
water am4 one riant currently using non-fluorilated water will begin
usim fluoridated water in November. This will offer a unique
opportunity to assess the effect of water fluoridation on the fluoride
content of ccm'-ercialiy prepared baby foods. Currently, a method of
fluoride analysis basad upon ashing the sample with a. fixative (MgO),
isolation of *sa fluoride by aicrodiffusion and Tieasurlna the fluoride
in the diffusata with the fluoride elactrode i.-s aeinq tasted with a
variety of foo^s and evaluated. Preliminary results, obtained with a
variety of fooH types, indicate that the method is adequate and
reliable. \ralyses of a considerable nur.ber of food types have been
complete?.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 22
A-24
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1730 M Street, N.'.V. • Wasnington, O.C. -20035
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
S3IE NUMBC
BH-220
,U,S. SEPT.-OF FILTH, EQ, C WSL,
: PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE
NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH
N'ATL, INST, OF £:iV, HLTH, SCI,
P30 £S 00260-1<»00&5
PROJECT TITLE:
SAMPLING ERD1UH IN DRINKING HATER
INVe3TlGATOB(S):
ENVIRONMENTAL ^SP
NEW YOSK UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF ''SrlCIN
55C 1ST AW.
X11il-' TtOSK, ME'J
1/76 TC 12/76
5TC76 FUNDS UNKMOWM
TfOHK 10016
TMs project is part of a braadar program (is OC2&0-1.4) whose
summary states: Ihis grant provides coca support for a tread =rogram in
the tnvironaental Healtn Sciences, The research under way and proposed
is broadly relevant to adverse health affects from 3nvironmentai
factors, The caneral objectives of the research are to define the
nature a^d extent of such effects with the aim at institutino
appropriate oreventive or control procedures vhere required. Interests
range frnsi acute to chronic haalth effects including, in the latter,.
cancer and the iegensratiVR diseases.
The research encompasses laboratory studies on the biochemical mode
of action of environmental toxicants, exploratory studies ai-eci at
i!Bcrcvin
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SiMITHSOMWS SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
iom 300 • 1730 M Street, N.W. -Washington, D.C • 2
Teleonone(202) 381-4211 .Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
55ie NUMBER
Room 300 • 1730 M Street, N.W. -Washington, D.C • 2003S j BX-250
Teleonone(202) 381-4211 'Telex 89495 i
U.S. JEPT, OF rLTH, E3, £ HSL, MOi SH 0103Z-0101*
PUHLIC HEALTF SEaVlCE
NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH
5JiS£AaCH SSSGUSCES DIVISION
user TITUS:
OF WAXES SUPP1Y IODINATIO" ON' THY'OID FUNCTION (HUMAN)
SH
BSTH isHAii, HOSPITAL 10/75 TC g/?c
33C "SPCKLIHi ;VE. F¥76 FU'lDi UNKMOWN
30STCN, "AS3ACHUSET1S 02215
TMs project is part of a brsadar progrnra (H3 01032-01) whose
sui-nary ststesi The General Clinial Jesnateh Center will serve as a
clinical research suapoct facility for the Beth Israel Hospital, On its
• ard and in its Cere' Laboratory., clinical research will be conducted on
diseases of thn heart, endocrine system., renal system, blood, digestive
system, rervous systen, and on genetic diseases.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 24
A-26
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE , ^T"
Hoom 300- 1 730 M Street. M.W. -Washington. D.C. • :0036 j BZ-197
Telephone 1202) 381-4211 • Teiex 89495 '
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
:U,S, D£ST. ?F HLTH, ED, C 'JEL,
?(J2LIC H2ALTU SiPVlCZ
NATIONAL If'STITUTaS OF HEALTH
"ATL, CA?iC25 INSTITUTE
CONTRACT
NOICP33315 (COMT3ACT)
; PROJECT TITUS:
STUDY C? ENVI3C**M£NT.U QCCUKH2HCS 0? M.-SIT50SO COrtPOUMDS
INVESTia AT
NUT8ITIOK & T003 SCIJiNCS
RASS. IN?T, C? T'CilNCLCGY
SCMOCt OF SCT""C?
77 MASSACHUSETTS AVE.
cAf-BgrrsGK, HASSACHUSETTS -32139
9/75 T'J
FY76
6/74
5155,303
,-nPthodology for isolatiorij ^termination, and
of volatile K-nitrpso comco'inls in foods. Study
conditiors vhich are favorable to the formation, of various classes of ?!•?
nitrcsc compounds in fnods and moial food systems. Develop methodology
for isciation, determination, and idantification at nonvolatile :i-
nitroso compounds i "etarnine biological activity (toxicity,
sn"i earcinogsnicity) of noval 'l-nitroso compcunds produced
(as atova) or discovarad in natural sources. ffxassine
foods, bpveccqesj and 'Irinking water fron cancer-rich areas for
nitrcsanlnes and their precursors, Datarrsine conditions favcrin<; the
formation of nitrite of ammonia in the oral cavity.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects; Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 25
A-27
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE IJJFORMfflOX EXCHANGE j
foom 200 • 1730 M Street. N.-.V « Washington. 3.C -20035 ; CH-9&0
Telephone (202) 381-421 1 • Telex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
U,S. NAT1, 3CIF8CE FOUNDATION
ri¥, OF CHEMISTS?
CHE76-17S26
EiECtaCCATALYSIS AND OSGAMIC ELSCTROAMALfSIS
INVeSTI(iATOR(S J:
OC JCHNSOM
CHEMISTS!
IOWA STATE UVIV, GF SC, £ TSCH
5C!JOCL OF HIT', £ SCIENCES
11/76 TO 10/77
FY77 F'JNOS $36,600
I OVA 50010
Applications of anodic oxidations of otianic conpounds at noole
metal slectrnaps for quantitative analysis is not extensive because
ancdic ceactior.s are inhibited by the layer of metal oxide on the
electrode surface. The application of ?nls-e voltammetry will
elec^rccatalyzp the anodic reactions during current moasurement, T>iis
will anatle Accurate analytical latanlnations ijasad on measurement of
nass-transport United electrode currant, products fron exhaustive
conttolied-octential electrolysis win 6e separated by gas and liquid
cnror-atoaraphy ana identified by
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
>om 300 • 1 730 M Street, N.W. • Washington, D.C • 2
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 300 • 1730 M Street, N.W. •Washingion, D.C •20036 , CI-320
Telephone 1202) 381-4211 • Telex 89495 '
I SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION:
MANUFACTI'SIMG CHEH, ASSN. INC,
PROJECT TITLS:
:DHINKI>)G WAT^H STUDIES WITH ACSYIONITRH.? CN HAT AND DCS
lNVBST[CiATOR(3 ).-
ca J MO SHIS
DOW CHEMICAL CO;IFA?IY. io/76 TC 9/77
2020 Dr.w CTS. FT77 FUVQS UNKNOWN
•UDLAND, MICHIGAN
A vo-ttay st'idy «ith rats and a 130-day study «ith dogs has basn
completed and reports are available. In the rat studyj dosage «as 0^
35, 35, 210, and 530 Bpm acrylonitriia, IP. the iog study, dcsage was 0,
IOC, 2CO, and 300 gpm acrylonitrile. A third study involving
cytoggnicity ir rats is coraplated, with -lose lavels af 0, 35, Zj.0, and
50C ppn, A t-wo-year study, including careinogenesis in the rat, is to
be ccrarleted ir. Movercber 1977, Dose levels are 0, 35, 100 and 30u ppm
acrylonitrile.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 27
A-29
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
;om 300 • 1 730 M Street, N.W • Washington, D.C. • 2
Telephone 1202) 381-4211 "Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 300 • 1730 M Street, N.W • Washington, D.C. • 20035 | CI-698
Telephone 1202) 381-4211 .Telex 89495
SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION: ju?p-jft TING O
'SVED5.N " 53 3065 021
EOAilS TCI tMSHfJY. SCU3C2 DEV ,
HS3EASCHEHS IN A!1*9ICAN STUDIZS OF THE
C? WAS"»ATSR USING 3IOLOGICAL PROCESS'S
OSTASTIGSn SC3E3TUJE
NFNOyi I;:ST. OR IMDIV, SHAN'T 10/76 TO
S'^tO'N FY77 FUMDS ib9,000
OHJ'CTIVSi Studies of biological processes which utilize solar
en<=r-y to is-jii't a f his^i-noiaculat material f-om '-lasta in aquatic
environments will he carried out, EnarlY is extracted in the ion of
detoxif i^ationj puss water and protein,, i,e, an enthropy reduction is
o&tainsd .
Teviav and studies of international literature. Visits
to and studies at corananies involvad in development worfcj in Tel Aviv
and Califsrniaj etc. f articipatlan as 7«est researchers in ?rof.
Oswald's team at the university of California, Berkeley, USA.
!?; Pesaarcn vorX is to concentrate on the basic oarameters
and davelonnipnt of individual steps in the process.
rTFi'DED us? Of RFSULTS: In future stages experiments en series of
steps in a Swedish project are planned.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 28
A-30
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3CS NO. 103 ROOOZ
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE j ~^
Room 300 « I 730 M Street, N.W. "Washington. D.C. • 2CC3S j C!1~3 17
Telephone (202) 381-4211-Telex 89495 !
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
INTERNAT. ATCfllC ENESGTf AGENCY
1865/88
PROJECT TITLK:
STitav rf SA-22f WASTES FHOH URANIUM MIMI!'G AWD MILLING OPE5ATICMS
INVESTIOATOR[S|:
AS E&SCVQA
UP PAPTI3TA
SC f.O.'ITFHFSnc
PHYSICS
3^TI?le."L C?T'HOLIC L'NIVEHSITY 11/76 TO 11/77
TECHNICAL f. ?CIEMTI?IC CENTER FY77 FUNDS S5,QOQ
KUA "APQ-U2S HE 3JC VICENTE 225j GAYSA., Z.C, 19
The ohjectives of this Project ace to evaluate the levels o£ Ra-226
ia llqairf effluents of uranium mining an-1 nillins operations in the
region of Po?:o? de Caldasj Ninas 3erais, 3razilj and to investigate the
fate of Sa-2?6 in the vicinity area as far as -nan's food chain is
concerned. The methodology for measuring Pa-226 involves gamma-counting
and caricp-emanaticn for alpha-counting, The data to be obtained will
permit us to estimate the exposure to the surrounding peculation due to
the Pa-226 intake through drinking water and fooa.
A:D?KDAI Performing organizationi
Catoiica, Depto, de Fisica,
pentificia universidaaa
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 29
A-31
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SMITHSONIAN SC1EHCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 30G • ! 730 M Street. N .V. • Wasn'ncton. DC." 2C036
Tslechone '.2021 381-421 1 • Tefex 39-195
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
ISTS5MAT. ATOMIC iilEnGY AGSSC? 1754/Ci
PROJECT TITUS:
THE CHtHICAL SFHAVIOUa AND ECOLOGICAL T3A3SFSS If IMF H'Jf.AM FQCD CHAIN
C's 3 = MF ?^DI^;iUCLIDiS IS AQUEOUS 2COSISTII1S
F PKEORGHE HYGIENE aaOIATIO" LAnOHATO=iY
P^RPG^MI^G OHCANIIATION: ^ss:oc ~c-; ~t-is nap-
ACJ.D. CF ::SDIC;L SCIINCES 7/75 TC 12/76
INST, OF KYGIi^t 5 t'JZ. HEALTH FY7& FU!iOS
5TFACA 2H? L'C'IATS 1-3, N-76256
=UCH*3F3T, HUHANIA
7!^a jain iadieatots which can characterize radioactive pollution 01
natural -'atsrs vere definadj asti.iatin'7 *he value o£ tne indicators of
raciicrvjclides transfer to the hu^an nutritive chain, as nilX, iishj
drinXing '.pater i.s,ot
T>e -sari^e stydias ware compared vith tha in situ studies^ finding
that: in the last case tne conpetition phenomenon does highly complicate
the interpretation of. findings.
3oth the comprehensive Sr-00, Cs-lS^j H-3j ?a-226.> 'Ji T^.J a.s.o.
radioactive -!e'er~i.Ta content variations are -ide, for example: O.lt-1,31 PCI
3r-9"/l vater; C.G-5-1.71 pCi Cs-137/i vaterj 0,2^-0.50 oCi Sa/1 vaterj
C.Ca-L.dtf =Ci ?r-Sa/g sediment; 0,02-1,2" cCl C3-137/7 sediment; J.5-
0,93 yCi Sa/c sarii.ient,
T^e presarce of scne radionuclidas specific to radioactive
joll-Jtior through nuclear industry had iser. identified, B.C. 0.2 nCi Co-
60/1 vaterj o,5 nCi ^n'54/icg sediment; 2.5 nCi-I-131/Xg sedi-.ent a,3,0,
The presence of 34 ?Ci 1-131/1 in nilk and o7 ?Ci I-131/l^g in cov
thyroid =t the 67S :
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION-EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1730 M S;r°*t. M.'.V, • Washington, D.C. • 20033
Tal9phone(202) 381-4211 « Telex S9495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
CM-347
INTSHNAT, ATOMIC ESSRG1C AGENCY
1905/aa
PWOANISAT1ON MUMfflCR'i):
HQMITORING - SEWKS DISPOSAt 0? RADIOACTIVE WJSTS
INVKSTIOATORla)
C 5TAHXEY
Tf"3 SING
SCIENTIFIC SSRVICES
UNIV, CF SIN'CAPOPE
CUTHAH ?0,
*^f?IOD POR THI'J '.SP:
10/76 TU 9/77
Ff77 tUMDS 'JtlKJIOWN
or
Oerivation of Units and requirements for peasant and future sever
disposal of radioactive wastes tafcina into account plans tc cecycle
pracasseri sewerage water for eventual aotabla use,
Wcr* will involve astablishiac the proposed system of sewerage
flow, effluent entry paints* retantion times^ dispersion volumes, This
will be followed Sy practical measurements of concentration eatternsj
sewage sludge retention factors* nuclida rsconcentration and such
parameters 45 inactiva carrier concantrations.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 31
A-33
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE iNFOHftATlOH EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1730 M Street, N.W. -Washington, D.C. '20036
Telephone (202) 381-4211 "Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
:u,S. SEPT, OF STATE 931-17-560-5S2-72
'HEALTH BF«E?ITS cf IMPSCVED WATEH SUPPLIES
DP "CNKMS
XX KIN3EL
U.S. DIPT. OF rOUHZRCE 7/76 TO 6/77
INT33?IAT. STATIS, ?RCG. CENTER FY.76 FUNDS 5^8,000
UTH ST. 3FT, CONST. AVS, M,W,
'•:ASHi:rr,TCM, D1STSICT OF COLUMBIA 2C230
The impact of improved water supply on health and nutrition is
still unexslai.-ad • This is conficned by a recant ceviav of the
scientific literature ty AID and Wocld 3anX, 'lore inf ormaticn is needed
aiout thp "tacnit'jae of benefits that may be expected from increments in
quantity of water supply and what additional conditions, Seysnd iragroved
water surply, see needed to enhance the expected nutrition and wealth
benefits, This is a feasibility study for a long term prospective field
study si pre-school children which win rrovida water develocmen t
investor- uith evidence on what specific quantitative levels ot water
supply are required to produce health a.n-l nutrition benefits and to
develop Indicators who.cn will estimate f'ose benefits before extensive
investment is
This study however, '"'ill recoaniza that contaminated water is not
the sole factor in diarrheal diseases, but that other tactcrs such as
nutritior and 1-ygienic practices also are inoortant. Mot all fesiSers of
a eoTmunitv ?re equally at risk to these diseases; ore-school children
are particularly susceptible.
This exneri"ient nas been designed to investigate how th<= various
index population groups adjust to improved water supplies and the impact
on their health and nutrition over time.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 32
A-34
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0. f JS ROOOi
"
3 3 I £ NUMBER
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE ~
Room 300 • 1730 M Street, iM.'.V • Wasninqton. D.C. • 20033 j GMA"2358
Telephone (202) 3SJ-42? 1 • Telex 89495 I
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
ORGANISATION;
U,S, s:iVTSOJI, PROTECTION AClt,
MAIL, ENVIRON, HES, C
PROJECT TITLE:
COSTS CF .RADIU" "E.IOVAL FSO« POTABLE WATF5 SUPPLIES
Jt ?
HA SEVIS
WE POLCK
CH POE3SI
HE
SCI
"E3IOO POR THIS I
STSTS 'INIVE'SITY 0? FLA. 3YS,
SCHOOL OF EtJ^rJESBING
220 ?LACK HALL
':^ F10SIDA 32611
7/75 T'J 6/76
FY76 FUNDS ONKHOWH
The cfcjpctive of the work is to determine the capital and operating
costs for the rapoval of radium from potable water
Data win ae collected from tie literature and fron current SPA
surveys cf plants having radium in thair raw water,
Ccst estimates will lie based on the range of sizes and tyces of
Plants that will Se required for different qualities ot raw water.
I.NVKS7IGA703S (COHT)
J!i SULLIVAH
WATE3 a AIH SEJEAHCH INC.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 33
A-35
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SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 * 173Q M Street. M W. • Wasrunqton, O.C. * 20036
Tefsonone (202J 281-4211 • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
MAIL, FNVIFON, RES, CEHT2B
NUMBER! 5 .
N 0V FULL SCALE UAST2WATSS 33UST SYSTEM f08 OC^.S
DG SJG3
ORANGE CP. «?,TF3 DISTRICT
W . 17TH ST.
92706
7/75 TC 5/76
FY76 FU'iDS 5^5,000
The objectives of this study are to evaluate on a full -lant-scala
iasis: (1) The reliability and affluent variability of a 15 ,-nsd
advanced vastavatec treatment (AWT) system producing a vntsr approaching
potatls ouality for use in groundvater replenishment and prevention of
seavatar intrusionj and (2) the Duality of the effluent with regard to
the identification, measurement, and nonitorina of trace materials
(chaffiea.l, physical, and biological) and residues. Particular emphasis
will be placed an the characterization of the organic materials in tha
effluent using the latest gas chronatoocaphic/iass spectrochotcaetric
procedures,
The AWT system treats the effluent from a trickling filter plant
using lire ccacju,laticn and sedimentation, ammonia stripping,
recartcn?tior, filtration, carbon adsorption, and chlorinafion. This
effluent will t-e blended vith desalted seawater and/or a suprlY of deep
groundwater for injection into a domestic aouifer,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 34
A-36
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 « 1730 M S;reet. N.W. • Wasningcon. 0 C. • 20033
Telephone (202) 331-4211 • Tsle.x 89493
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
U.S. SNVISON. F30TECIICN AGY,
E OF PEsSAiSCH 5 DEV,
02
PROJECT T1TL«:
DSTS?»IN? HEALTH tFTSCTS DATA AND PHEPAH17 CRIT^HIA DCCUKENT ?SCO«MENDING
A SRINVTNG WVISH STANDASC FOS MOLYBDENUM
P3CF
CKAPPEJ.L
VIHSTO"
"APSID&S
.ALSiVJIS
SCION'S
PHYSICS
UN IV, OF COL0383C
UNIV. OF COtOSSDC
UNiV. OF C0108.3DO
PER PORTING ORGANIZATION:
UNIV. C? COL^SSOi"
SCHOOL 0? A37S £ SCIENCES
UCO UNIVS^STTY A VS.
COLORADO 30302
3/76 TC 4/77
FY76 FU?!D£ UMKUOWM
UECT SUMMARY
The abjecttves of this wocX are to continue an <=f±ort tc determine
health effects data and to prepare a document recorsnenaing a dcinfcing
water stanrtard for nolyadanun. Molybianiipi is an elanent which is a
aicrcn'-triant for plants and animals in that it Plays a crucial rols in
some rlavoanzyres. At sufficiently high rates of intaXa molybdenum is
toxic to organisms; ru-inants are inuch sore ser.sitivp than ncnruninanta,
The Socfcy 'lountain States produca essentially all of tne U.S.
noly-deniis:, Huch of this product is oroeessad and used in the eastern
U,S. The occurrence of si;nificantly elevated levels of mclyidenuu in
drinking water due to industrial sources has Seen documented and ST03ST
data indicates that this occurrence is not confined to the Hccxy
Mountain regior.
The snecific objectives of the progran are to ar.sver the iolloving
questions: 1) How much Mo ara humans receiving in tieir tetal liet? 2)
Does the biological activity of ilo in food differ iron that in water? 3)
How =uch ":o is accumulated and what ara the tissue levels in humans on
noritMl ard evaluated intakes? 4) Are there any detectade effects of
elevated .-o intakes at the various ani.nal levels at oraani^aticn? 5)
What is the lavel af ilo intake in water that causes no detectatie
effect?
T'le work will consist of studies on both laboratory ani.-pals and
huirar, voi^ntpers and will consist of: 1) uptake and excretion in rats
and 'nu^arsj 2) tissue levels in rats and humans expcsac to low and high
levels of MO in tneir diet and environmentj 3) absorption cf Mo in rats
and huinansj 4) effects of various animal levels of organization in rats
and ivjTans of elected Mo intake; and 5) prepare a criteria document.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NDMBER: 35
A-37
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-OR*.' A •-• •> f? O V E Q
UfllAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE |~
Room 300 • 1 720 M Street, N.'.V. • Washington, DC.- 20033 |
Telephone (2021 381-4211 «Teiex 39495 ,
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
= SiE MUM3EP
JRGANIZATIO
'U.S. ENVTRC:i. PROTECTION AGX, S 803
E CF aE?SA5CH £ DEV,
PROJECT TITLE:
VI?'JS SaXSITIVITY TO CHL03TNE DISI.'rpSCTICII OF 'IMSS 3Uf?LIHS
INVESTIGATOR (S): DEPARTMENT
S3 JNGELRFSCHT CIVIL 2NGIN
CS ?CH'1IDT
U.NIV. CJf ILLIMriS 8/"?6 TO 12/76
SCHOOL CF rS'("-I'.JEEHlMG ?Y76 FUNDS
2527 Hm-iOSYSTEMS LAB,
U3PANA, ILLINOIS 01801
The sensirivity of various enteric viruses to chlorine is being
studied and characterized with ressact to such variables as B.HJ
temperat'lre^ arl type of virug. Chlorine inactivatian curves have been
obtained at pH 6 and 1C for six different Bicornavlrus (SNA viruses)
suspended in o-lorine-danand free Suffer at 5 degrees C with 0,5
ng/liter of free available chlorine. Experiments on poliovirus type 1
are bainc =erforned at 2jlO, and 20 degrees C to observe the eifect of
temparatura on the rate of chlorine inactivation. Chlorine studies will
also Se ?erfer<*ed on tvc DMA viruses, an'i on suspected chlorine-
resistant- vari?nts, Electron microscope studies coupled vith sucrose
gradient studips ace heing used to deter^i^e if any relationship exists
between aggregation of virus Bartiol«s a-.d sultiPhasic Inacti'.'ation.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 36
A-38
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S?/llTKSONiAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
om 300- 1730 M Street, N.W. 'Washington, O.C. • 2
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 8S495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
3 SI C (NUMBER
Room 300' 1730 M Street, N.W. .Washington, O.C. > 20036 I GHA-2530
Telephone (202) 381:4211 • Telex 8S495 !
SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION:
U.S. S^VIRON. PROTECTION AGX,
. CfFICS CF RES3ARCH S D2V,
PROJECT TITLE;
*ONITOSI>'G OF POUNUCLEAH A30MATIC HtDHOCAaflONS IS SELECTED U.S. -JATEHS
wv«sTio»rorilsJ:
J SAXSMA
PERP-ORMING ORGANIZATION: PSSIOO POR f-fta NRP:
STTSACUSE asiVEPSHY 6/75 TO 5/76
GRADUATE SCHOOL f*75 FUNDS $S6,012
^E MALL
The prarosed investigation is intenrfad to separate, identify and
quantitace pol/nuclear aronatic fiydrocacbons (JAK) in selected natural
and treated waters of the United Statas, The problem «ill be divided
into three spgrents: The first sacsient will be devotad to deveiopina a
rapid and efficient nethod for removal of -trace Quantities of fAH from
natural waters. The types of collection devices will fte exanined: (I)
flexible polyursthane foasij (II) continuous liquid-liquid extraction
tased an mixed settling. The second segment will fce devoted tc local
field testing ef the iiethodology and determination of PAH in drinSino
water/ river and lake waters* and ground water of the eastern United
States, The third segment will he devoted to analysis of t?A supplied
drinking water sanales collected from the irajor cities in the U.S. The
purification of PAH will Se achieved by chrosatography on alumina and/or
florisil, The eluate from column chromatographic separation would be
analyzed by gas and/or thin-layer chronatography. Alternatively, PAH
will be .separated by nigh speed liquid chromatograPhy with ultraviolet
Photometric detector, Iha identification of isolated material will be
based on thair TLC 3f values, their g, c, retention times or volumes/
and ultraviolet and fluorescence spectra, iiass spectrometry win be
used to otovide final evidence of their identity. The quantity of the
identified ?AH will 6e estimated from gas ehronatographic cealcs or 'j, /,
absorptian peaks,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 37
A-39
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SMITHSONIAN SCBCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 3DO • 1730 M Street. N.W. • Wasnington. D.C. • 20033
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Teiex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
35IE NUMBER
GMA-25S9
U,S. 2JIVIS01. ?SOTSCTICN ACX,
Ci'FICS OP 'ESEASCH £ OEV,
EFFECTS OF QIFT2R£;iT tCHMS OF SSLEHIOH If? DRIHXING WATfcH
ESTIG ATOH(S):
PHA3HACOL
3HIO ST^S 'JKIV
SCHOOL OF PKi
19C v, OVA! DBtJ LC2 ADMIMISTBATIOM
COIU-^US, OHIO <»3210
" = •--' I a O -QT "HI? NBP-
6/75 TO 5/76
FY75 FUNDS
T^.is oroject will axa^iina tha influence of dosage on the
disposition and netaSolism of various 75 Se-seienium conpounrfs
adffinistarei to rats in drinXing «atar and win investigate the
quantitative and tamperal relationship o-f selenium and GSH-peroxidase
activity in tissues wnera GSH-pacoxidasa may exert a protective etfect
against oxidative damage of membranes anrt other cellular elements.
Three approaches will ie used in this investigation i I, Examine the
afisorptionj distribution and excratian of 75 Se-selaniua and the
influence of (iosaga and chemical for™ on those parampters in experiments
rangina up to 24 hoursj II. Investigate the bintransfor^atio.-; or
incrganic and organic selenium compounds and the relationship cf
selenium to *.hp hepatic mixed function anzyme system; III. Measure the
absorption and iistrioution of 75 Se-seleniun administered chronically
in drinking water and study the influence of various factors, such as
mineral content in the water and dietary fat> carbohydrate, cr protein
intake,
The information generated by these investigations will srevide a
^ore rational basis for determining tha range between nutritionally
adequate and toxic levels of selenium in drinking watar.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 38
A-40
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 3CC « I 730 M Street, N.W. 'Washington. D.C. • 20036
Telephone !202) 331-4211 -Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
1 3 1 B N U M B fi F»
GMA-2604
SUPPORTING ORGANISATION
•u.s. SNYISOSJ, PROTECTION AGI,
Cf?ICK CF 33S37.BCH £ DEV,
BOli; OF'
PROJECT TITLE:
IM ADAPTATION OF COH?OBMS TO THE GI TBACT
INVESTIGATOR (5):
BIOPHYSICS £ fllC'O'UOLOGi
UNIV. Cf HH
SCHOOL 0?
TE ISLAND
ARTS 5 SCIENCES
iLri, 8HCCS ISLAND 02381
PEHSOO B-OR THIS fJRp;
6/75 TU 5/76
FY.75 FUNDS $ZOj495
iixppri.Tienr,s Per-focmed in our laSorat-.ocy suggest that the ability of
colifotas to pnnulate the gastrolnteatinal (^1) tract of warn fclooclad
ani.nals is c?lated to tneir endogenous levels of lysine decarboxyiase
(LCC), That tsj those coliforns with a high endogenous LDC content nay
have a selective advantage in establishing themselves in the Gl tract
over those coliforms with a low "Jnrlogenous L3C content. These results
suggest that the ability of a coliiorn to synthesize caiaverine
endogeiiansly (l,5-rliaminopentana) siay determine whether it is of iecal
origin, ws cl.»n to last this hypothesis nore directly by introducing
LJC positlva and LOC negative coliforms into the GI tracts of warsi
blooded laboratory animals and determine the washout rate cf these
organisms froa the GI tracts of these animals, In addition., we clan to
isolate coliforits from the feces of human volunteers and determine
directly the endogenous LDC levels of these organisms. In this way., it
may be passinic? to redefine more aceuratsly the term "tecal caliform"
anrf develop ^ =i.nplej accurata, in situ test for fecal contamination of
botn recreatior«dl and drinking waters,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 39
A-41
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NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE '
Room 300- 1730 M Street, N'.V • y/esningcon. 0 C. • 20035 ; 5,1A-2630
Telephone (2G2) 381-4211'Telex 89495
PORTING ORGANIZATION NUMS£rt(5}*
!U.S, 3'IVIBON, PROTECTION AGI,
OFFICE OF PSSSAflCH i DSV,
NAGSSfirT GUIDSIIIISS TO PHEVSNT POLLUTION I3RIGATICN HET'JPN FLOW IN
FICS FIELDS
INvesTlGATOH(S):
SOIL C C30P SCIENCE
TSXA3 \ r. v i!NIVEBSITY STSTE.1
AGSIC, EXPF3I1SNT STATION
CQUVGE STATION, TEXAS 77843
1/75 TC 12/75
FY75 FUNDS 362,925
PROJECT SUMMARY:
The field experiments win aa conducted at the Texas A£P University
Agricultural Experiment Heseareh and Sxtanaion Center at 3eaunont>
Texas, '-iffpcrnt irrigation management practices and application ratas
01 agricultural chemicals will be tasted o^ fiald Plots! a) tc conduct
field scale experiments on the nutrientj pesticida and water balance or
rice fields with particular ejiphasis on ^easurenents o± de«>p percolation
ar.d released water; a) to sample and analyze the watar entering and
leaving the fields by the various pathways for persistent' and - toxic
pesticides and nutrients; c) to determine the affect of reecs\n>ended and
excessive application rates of nutriants and pesticides an the pollution
hazard from rice production; d) to usa the lata obtained to develop
management practices which win ^iniiniza or eliminate the pollution
hazard,
L) Field studies of existing management practices -Jill be used to
determine thp i-rjvement of water* nitrata, other salts and cesticides as
influenced by irrigation management and chenicnl application rate on tha
losses bv dapn leaching and in tha released water, 2) A simulation
^nodal cf tha losses oi vater and chemicals fro^1 the rica fiald will be
develocert, The data collected in tha field "ill 5e used in the
development and testing of tha model, Tha model will then Se used to
suggest ^nd to tast alternative ^anagenant practices, 3) The
r.anaqenent practices so developed' will then undergo additional field
testing ^art refinement as necessary. The leaks in the levies '•'hich
caused SOITP lateral movement of water during the first year have Seen
eliminated, The second year vas aiuch dryer than the flrstj resulting in
higher r?sidvial concentration of pesticides in tha irrigation watar than
vere fourd during the first Year. The occurrence of rainfall after
pesticide apnlications has Seen identified as a major tactor in
determining '•heir concentration in tha flood water. The concentration
of potentially harmful nutrients in tha *lood water has been low and has
not exceeded drinking watar standards, "he salt balance of tfte rice
paddies *as bepn monitored and a ,nodel is being developed so that
changes in concentration can be simulate*! and predicted. The fiald
for the first an^ second season has been completed,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 40
A-42
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
iom 300 • 1730 M St^et. 'M.W • Washington. O.C. •
Telephone (202)'331-4211 • Teiex 89^95
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 300 • 1730 M Sf«et. M.W • Washington. O.C. • 2G036 ; G'iA-2715
Telephone (202)' 331 -4211 -Telex 89^95 !
UPPORTING ORGANIZATION •
•II, S, ES'VTSON', PKCliCTICU AGY,
i CrFICK CF 3ES2RHCH £ D2V,
TIOJr W EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL LEVELS Of SSISCTiD TOXIC
SUBSTANCES
1NVSST.GATO«(S|: QE P A ar MINT ' SPE c I A UTV :
GA T.UT2 BIOL ECOL & HEC 3CI3S
SATT'LIB r-S'lfHTAI. INSTITUTE 7/75 TC 6/76
505 :s to describe its occurrence anrf behavior in the environment,
its occurrence in food and other Products that come ir. contact with nan,
exposure and bio^ccutfulatlon levels, and environmental trends.
Reco-iP.endatisns will be developed in such a manner as to be corrpatible
with other concurrent and subseotient studies of nollutant introductions,
environmental fate, «nd impact on Siota and nan.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 41
A-43
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SMITHSONIAN SCIEHCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
oom 300 • 1730 M Scree;, iYW • Wasnmgton, D C. • 20033 i titf A-27&2
T-iepnone (202) 381-4211 • Telsx 89^95
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
U.S. SNVIPON. F3CTZCTICN AC!,
Ci'FICi; Cr SSScASCH £ CSV,
CONTRACT
68-02-2289
!vs£TTG;Tij'THE N;:OPLASTIC AMD LIFE S?A" EFFECTS en POTENTIALLY
SENSITIVE "OVULATIONS OF 8ATS CHRONICALLY ''XPOSSD TO TSIlIATiD WATER
INVE3T1GATOR(3):
ME CCISMV
T. ANIMATION
A'»'SCN srSFSKCr
U<> :•;. G9ANT ST.
"/7tj TO 4/77
FY76 FUNDS UNK'IOWM
32806
The rurrora cf this study is to iaterrine t.'ie Icn5-terra eifects of
excosing fensle rats to tritlatad «atar !HTQ) during pregnancy.
iTinediatply after mating, sevaral groups of fe-tais rats will be injected
with a leading lose of HTO and than aivan varying levels of HTC in their
drinking water foe 22 days, Comoarable irouPS of nonpreqnant females
will be riven the sarae levels of HTO foe 22 days. Control groups of
pregnant and nrnpragnant females will receive only tap water, The
females will be Taintained durin<7 their normal lifespan and observed for
chystcsl condition and longevity, Tha tissues will te evaluated
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 42
A-44
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE iNFOHMATION EXCHANGE
iom 300 • 1730 M Street. N.W, • Wasningcon, O.C. • 2
Telephone (202) 381-4211 'Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 300 • 1730 M Street. N.W. • Wasningcon, O.C. -20026 , GMA-2770
Telephone (202) 381-4211 'Telex 89495 :
U,S, a"VIHON. PSCISCTICN AGI, R304366 01
Ci'FICS OF aSSSASCH S DEV,
PROJECT TITUS:
ASP23TCS IN DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLIES A!JD CAN'C^R INCIDENCE IS
CALIFORNIA COUNTIES
INVESTIGATOR^ j: a KP A «T MSN T/SPECIALTY:
PRCF SC COOPER 3IOKEDICAL & S"VISOK HLTH SCI
CA K-£I,I.?3
3S
UNIV. C? CALItCaNIA V76 TU
SC'lOCl OF ?U?LIC HEALTH J'Y76 FUNDS UNKNOWN
SY, CA1IJORNIA 94720
The oh^eetive of the proposed project is to determine the
associations between the presence of asbestos fibers in drinking
and the incidence of cancar in tha population served by such water
supplies,
The proposed study can be divided into three areas of concern, Tha
first deals with watershed and water distribution system identification
and description, which would include: t>e site of a given water source,
its .gecraorshic composition, geo-oolltical area ser''ad, method cf '-ater
treatment and reans of distribution. The second etfort would te
directed towards the determination of nursier, size and ty^fi cf asbestos
flters present in the various watar supplies before and after traatment(
The third phase would involve a tabulation of tumor incidence and cancer
mortality data from tha 3rd National Cancer Survey conducted in the five
Bay Area Counties under consideration and associating this incidence
with water quality as determined in Phases 1 and 2.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 43
A-45
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE:
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
Water Supply Identification and Measurement
Establish Sources of Organics in Drinking
Water
EPA
Unknown
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Midwest Research Institute
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
PROJECT STAFF
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
To identify organics in pesticide manufacturing wastes.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
44
A-46
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NOTICE'OF RESEARCH PROJECT
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFOBMATION EXCHANGE ; ^—
Room 300 • 1730 M Street. N W. « Wasnington. O.C. • 20026 G-M A-27S9
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 89^35
:u.s, S::VIPOM. PSC
i Oi'FICi! CF PSSSASCH ii 2EV,
01
PROJECT TITLE;
S C>' TH5 M'lTSGENICITY 0? CHEMICAL CAaCIiJCGi'HS
INVSaTIG ATOH(5 (:
23 RJ SHEEHY
1LSO WITH
JS IUM3
3IOLOG1C
PCSPOSMtriO ORGANISATION:1
CHOCL OF ARTS C SCIENCES
2Z3 CwtlaT^U'T ST. S, * ,
GIC3GIA 3031*
5/76 TO 5/77
FUNDS 'JNKN'OWN
The objective of this research-is to standardize and isiFlenent a
nutagen testiaq rrocedurfij «hich is both sensitive and reproducible.
Since thera exists strong correlative evidence linking nutaqenicity with
earcinogenicityj th isicortanca of scraenina chemicals found in the
environnont for rrutaganicity cannot ha overemphasized, *e have chosen a
Sacterial syste-a, emplcying sensitive strain of Salmonella typhirauriuis,
for the "ass screening of new compounds, on the basis of its simplicity
and eceaoBYi as well ag its Potential sangltivity> and reproducibility,
Our approach is to correlate the back nutation, specific Iccys test,
designed by °r':ce Ameg, with a non-specific locus, forward mutation
assay, v'-ich will he developed in the course of this project. This
system, or.ca developed and standardized will be utilized tc investigate
initially thosp compounds found in the "ew Orleans water supply. This
area is at particular interest, since there apnears to exist a strong
correlation fcetveen water pollution and the occurrence of hunan cancers
in the recion ,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 45
A-47
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 « 1730 M Street. N.W. "Washington, D.C. • 20035
Teieohone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
G MA-2799
!u,s. ssvipo:r.
CFFICJi OF PSFEAKCH tl DSV,
330*361 01
PROJECT T;TLS:
OPTICAL DETECTION CF A33E3TIFOSK P.'.RTICL'S I" FINISHED DULUTH ERINKISG
'•1ATE3
INVESTIGATORS):
SYDO?
IF
PHYSICS
UMIV. Ci' "IXjriSQTA
SCHOOL CF tiTT'BS £ SCI2;,'CS
331 SCIENCE
"UIUTH, »i:iNtSCIA 55812
3/76 TO
i'Y.76
3/77
FU;;DS UNKNOWN
05J"CTIV£i The objective of f.his research is to pecfcrm optical
^eas-jramcnts on concentrations of asbestifar* particles in LaXe superior
water for nossiola apolication to aonitoring of finished vater from
filtration plants.
A9?5CACHi So far as the optical detection of low concentrations of
filers is concerned., one must eithoc produce a sufficient signal for a
d,c. tv?f> leasurement, or be able to analyse the statistical
fluctuations ir the signal when tns signal is very low. The fcrner is
an integrating type of •iteasurementj meaning that tiie properties of aany
particles sre chserved at an instant. The fluctuations -nethcd yields
recognizable signal for detection of very low concentrations ot
particles snr1 is the crime raethort to be investigated here. The problem
here is to investigate further the origin of the signal calses and l.a
particular investigate the cuise shapes as they are related to particle
sl?e and concentrations.
'«'CSV ?LAK! The research projact can be recresentea in two phases:
I, f'lrtnpr exp^risiental vorlc: (a) Studies of sianai fluctuation as a
function of the particle shape and aiza, (S) Investigation of magnetic
and electric fi.eld effects on the ashastifor-n particlas, (c)
Polarizafion effect studies for vary low concentrations, II,
Construction of apparatus and electronic ec;uip™ent suitable for
comparative testing of the optical method in conjunction with electron
microscoce wor*. on Duluth filtration plant samples.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 46
A-48
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FOR M APPROVED
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE ' ^^
Room 300 • 1730 M Street, N.W.'Washington, D.C • 20036 i GMA-28U5
Telephone (202) 381-4211 'Telex 89*95 !
:U,S. E'lVigOM, PROTECTION AG
CfFICS OF ?S=:SAfiCH £ CSV.
01
, PYSOGEtUC,
OF CARBON-FILTERED 'JATEK
ca
INVESTIGATOR (
CIVI1 ESGIJI
TEXAS A r M I.IHIVTHSITY
TEXAS UATSP K3SCOBCES IMST.
CaT.L^'GE ^TATICNj TEXAS 77843
3/76 TO 3/77
FY76 tUMDS ONKNOWM
PROJECT SUMMARY
This research will apply tha most sensitive of assays tc various
carScn-filtered aatersj viz.^ an evaluation of pyrogenic resconse in
test ani"als csupled w.ith the new Liniulus lysate quantif tea tion for
gram^negative endctoxins. Any responses or "easursd factors will be
relate-1 t.a bacteriological methods usad in standara cractica. The work
will commence with highly treated waste«aters and Progress tc totaile
watarsj «ith the effects of various disinfection practices being
evaluated thus providing some estimates r.f safaty factors.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 47
A-49
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1730 M Street. N.W. "Washington, D.C. • 20036
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
:U,S. 2S'VIPOH, PROTECTION AGX,
CFflCa CF "ESESHCK t DEV,
THE "ICLrciCU EVALUATION OF TOXIC EFFECTS 0? CONCKNTHA TED ORGANIC
CCMT.lfllKAHTS ?3£3£:iT 11! aASTEHATSR PROCESSED FOE REUSE
a E H M A L
GUIF SCUTH aESTA"CH INSTITUTE
30CO GULF ?, 5ES, INSI. AVE,
HOUGF, LOUISIANA 70303
3/76 TO 3/77
i'r76
$14,000
We rcopcse tc carry out a tame finding and 9C-day mouse f
stud" en a ccncantrate of watar prepared froT an advanced taste
treatment f^riiity, The concentrate will be sceyareii ^ithcut resorting
to extraction o£ the water sample by or7?inic solvents. In the proposed
study a design is outlined which permits the concentrate fro.-n the source
water to be prepared via reverse osmosis and demineralization to yield
an aqueous sample suitable for direct inclusion as a dietary component
for test animals. The scheme avoids the significant losses cf
contaminants which attend present aethods ot sample -reparation.
Successful emulation of this program will significantly aid the
establishment cf protocols for testing naalth effects in pctaila and
reuse waters.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION HUMBER: 48
A-50
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • i 730 M Street, N.vV. • Washington, D.C. • 2G036 \ Git A-305C
Telephone (2021 381-4211 "Telex S9495 '
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
U.S. £vrvi/OM.~"TaO°TTcTTc7 AGY. R80445& 01
CS'FICE CF SESSAHCH £ OEY,
ORIGIN, Vl'snsVcT/ GPO'JTHj, AND CONTROL 0? COLITQHnS IS DRINKING
SNAK.'TU'G FROM WOOniJM TANKS
C3 3J PEI3LEK MICBOSIOLOGY
; 'J^IVi^SlTY 7/76 TO 7/77
C"OCL C? PCI3MC2
U6 SG?ICUIT'JBK HAIL
GPEGON 97331
The objectives e£ this project will b9 to formulate s?ecitlc
risnf'at tons on the significance and control of Kletsia.lla Fneunoniaa
and ether colifoci"s wftich ara peasant tn drinking ''ater enanating from
re-ivcod tan'o. The priaiary objectives '•'ill ia achiavart ty the following
aperoachesi 1, Ceternine-tha virulence and antibiotic resistance of
coliforirs cregprit in thesa drinking water systems. 2. Studies on
experimental 1/OCC gallon tanX,s to determine the necessary engineerinc,
.PlUjTibingj and chlorination requiraments to lueep redwood tanKs free af
coliforms an* other undesirable microbes, 3, Determining the
nutritional bases for tne growth and survival of coliforss in redwood
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring; Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 49
A-51
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE : sr'-"""
Roo-n 300 • 1730 M Street N ;.V. "Washington, 0 C. • 20033 • GMA'3073
Telephone (202) 381-"121 '• • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
U,S, S'lVISON, P30TECTICN AGY,
CJFICi) CF ^iSSASCH C DEV.
H8U4571 01
il
ACTIVATEE CASSON STUDIES
INVESTIGATOR IS):
NV FFODTEJSN
GUI? SOUTH SESTAPCH INSTITUTE
FFiaSO^ PARISH WSTF.K D2PT,
?,C, a?X 9
G3"TvAj LOUISIANA 7G053
e/76 TO 7/77
j'Y76 FUNDS 5294,09^
PHOJaCT 5UMMAR
Because of grswin? public concern aver the occurrence of
a^c'jnts of various organic chemicals in the araa potable vatar supply,
the Jefferson Parish *ater Department ha? recognized the need for a
efficient an-1 reliable treatment, process designed to remove such
contaminants,
The fisslssipni Siver is the sola raw watar source available to the
Jefferson Parish Water System. Ttierefor-e.» since the use of another less
polluted so'ircs is impossible., the Department is faced only with seeding
out ne« "eth"
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3jle NUMBER
Room 300 • i 730 M Street. N.W. • Washington. D.C. • 20023 - G'IA-3203
Telephone (202) 381-4211-Telex 8949S \
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
>om 300 • i 730 M Street. N.W. 'Washington. D.C. • 2
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 8949S
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
| r T SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION:~~ " S"UPPO"R"T• No ORGANIZATION
U,S, fi'JVIBQM. PROTECTION AGY,
OFFICE OF BESEA8CH 6 DEY, CONT3ACT
03-03-2*76
PROJECT TlTLttl
DEVStc? AUTOMATIC SAilPISHS FOB THACS OSGHMICS IN MATER
1NVS3T1GATOK\S):
CX OOLL
L SHANN'O!'
V HOPKINS
C HAILS
« HODGE
PERFORMING O RG ANIZ ATMON^ PSREOO FU3 'f"HI~S~ NPP :""
BirWrlST PtSSAS'CK INSTITUT3 ^/76 TC 9/77
^25 VOIKSS 3.T.VC, FY76 FUNDS 590,500
XA"S1S CITY, MISSOURI 64110
objpctlvas of the program are fia design, development,
constrxict ion, snd evaluation of an automatic sampler for both volatile
and nonvolatile organics in waters, T!ie saciPlar will be designed for
sifplicity and ease af ooaration within *-ha constraints of requirements
'for representative sample collection and maintenance ot sample
integrity,
n t and evaluation of the automatic sampler capable of
laboratory and field operation to collect and preserve both rur
and noipuroeafcle trace crganics from drinfcina and environmental waters
«ill be tinrtertaken in four phases. Phase I win concern dsvplonment of
cartridge accumulators for nonpurgeab'le or7anics. A sampler for
purgeatl* organics will he developed in 5hase II, An overall automatic
system incoroorating the accumulator for nanpurgeades and sampler for
purijeablos will be developed in Phase III, In Phase IV, ve win
evaluate the overall system and deliver t'he required units tc ipA,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 51
A-53
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • ! 730 M Street. M.W • Washington, D.C. « 20025
Telephone (202) 381-4211 'Teiex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
3 31 S NUM3SR
:U,S. S'lYIBCN. PROTECTION AGY,
Oi'FICS OF ^3S2A.HCH i DEV,
H8C4903 01
PROJECT TITLE:
EECQ7A1 OF YT3CS f?Qf1 5U3LIC WMS8
PSCF
UK IV
JT
L
S
V
•'OCJ
1'J3
cc
CCOWO'' CIVIL EHGI.M
u E 11 ? H 1 1 L
LEE
"TU.IP
f vlISSQb^I 10/76 TO 9/77
, OF r;Mf:i:iEEBI."fG t'Y77 FUMDS 5295,323
FS3IK£f31NG
Jl'JJ'BTAj flSSCUFI 652Q1
The objective of the orcposed research is to determine the virus
rero'Ml or instruction capability of various water treatment processes,
The srocpsses t^ fce tasted will include conventional physical and
chamical tra^t.ient crocasses, as well 3.3 disinfection. Particular
emphasis wil] i?a Placed on the viricidal properties of various uatar
disinfectantsj including chlorine/ chloramine, chlorine dioxide and
ozcns en naturally occurring virus,
T^ie nrorosed study will be conducted at the water treatment Plant
in Lexinrtoij "issourij utilizing water fran the Missouri Elver. Th.e
overall study vlll consist of three parts. The first Part will Se a
longitudinal study of at least one year to determine tne viral content
of the ipfl'jpnt and finished water from the Lexington «ater treatment
plant, In the second cart, an atteipot will be siade to assess the
continued effectiveness of water disinfection processes utilizing
Missouri Siver water which hag been presettled (undergone clair,
sedirentatiop) or softened by the addition of li^e. Flnallyj a pilot
Plant uill SJP constructed to assess tha effect of conventional water
traacaenf nrccesses on the removal of naturally occurring virus. The
Pilot ;iant '-'ill te a portable, 10 gpm traatnent unit providing for
chemical addition and mixing* coagulation, sedimentation and filtration,
The treatment responses to be measured win be crinarily
virological, but will include othac conventional or tentative measures
of microbiological contamination such as HFN, fecal collforii, total
conform, acid-fast organisms and yeast. Where appropriate, additional
samples will ^e collected for analysis for the formation of chlorinated
organic compounds.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 52
A-54
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300- 1730M Street, N.W. 'Washington, D.C. '20036
Teieohone 1202) 381-4211 • Teiex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
5 S I E NUMBER
G"A~3310
"
U,S. EMVTSOM, PROTECTION AGY.
CF VSSSASCH S DEV,
8 S03968 02
I HEALTH EFFECTS 0? COHS'JHPTION OF HENOVAI'T'D WATS3 - CHSnlSTRY AND
INVESTIGATOR (S):
CH H3 CHAPP3T.
H '-'ALTO!!
ASTRO GEOPHYSICS
W -'ESTOH
UNIV, C? COLORADO
SCHOOL OF ASTS £ SCIENCES
12CO CNIVS^SIIY SVE,
HOl'LDSP, CCL0.9AOC 30302
10/75 TO
r'Y76 FUNCS 572,033
The objectives or this wqrk are to continue a study of the
occurrence and toxicity of various contaminants and Croups of
contaminants found in renovated wastewators, 7-h-e. study «ill involve the
use of samiaaliaa calls (platelets and nautronhils) to study the toxicity
of concentrates and various fractions of the concentrates when added to
cell cultures in vitro, The testing of sytotoxicity o± the concentrates
will serve as nrimary toxicity screens, furthermore ty separating the
concentrate into various chemical classes such as poiynuclear aromatic
hydrccarl-onsj chlorinate hydrocarSons, ate,., the various chemical groups
can ta tested as groups for toxicity, TVus the cytotoxicity tests will
serve as indicators of the most important chemical groups and compounds,
The vorK will consist ot the usa of various techniques to concentrate
contaminants ir. renovated wastewatar. These concentrates will then be
tested for toxicity to the cell cultures (both in tarns of functional
effects and effects on energy metabolism), The concentrates will be
further fractionated and tested again for toxicity. The cells to be
used will he ohtained from both animals and hunan volunteers.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 53
A-55
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE MFOflRIATION EXCHANGE
om 300 • 1730 M Street, M.W • Washington, O.C. •
Telephone (202) 331-4211 «T»iex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
com 300 • 1730 M Street, M.W •Washington, O.C. • 20036 , G-'l.\-3311
Telephone (202) 331-4211 'T»iex 89495 !
02
OFFICii OF PSSEASCH £ QEV,
INFECTIVTTYROJANT' PATHGGSSICITY o? EMTESO'/IBUSSS INGESTSB WITH
WAT3?
INVEST 10 ATOH(S):
y ac CLIVES
3? >;£
UNIV. Cl' VI3COK3IN l'J/75 TO 10/76
FOOD H"SS;nCH INSTITUTE ?Y76 FUMDS $56,972
•U:i?OM, WT3CCMSIN 53706
The objectives of this study ace (1) to determine the quantity of
entecovicus which aiust 69 inaastad with drinking water to rrod'Jce an
infection, the ''Oral Infectious Dose" (010), and (2) to determine how
many OT'J's must be ingested with drinking water to produce disease, the
"Oral Pathogenic Cose"
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SMITHSMIAN SCBCE IHFOBfflATlOM EXCHANGE
iom 300 • I 730 M Street. N W. • Wasmngton C.C. • 2
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 3S<1?5
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 300 • I 730 M Street. N W. • Wasmngton C.C.-20035 ', GMA-3376
Telephone (202) 381-4211 -Telex 3S<1?5 '
'U.S. SNVIHON. PROTECTION AGY. *1
CSTICS OF SESSASCH S OEV, CONT5ACT
STATI-CF-THE-A?T HEVIEH CF SMALL WATEH T!?EAT^SNT SYSTEMS
tNVE3TlGATQR(S]:
PC PANSY
CP
BLACK £ VEATCH CGNSUII, ENGIM, 9/76 TO a/7?
15CQ arADO« LAKE PA3K
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE ^FORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1730 M Street, NAV. 'Washington. D C -20038
Telephone 1202) 381 -1211 • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
351E NUMBER
U.S. il.MVISOa, P30TECTICN AGl, H3C4S64-G1
E CF SESSASCH & OEV,
PROJECT TITl-e
A PA3A"£TRIC ASSESSMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF VOLATILE OHGAN'IC ANALYSIS
.'••ETHCDS
INVESTIGATOR (3): DEFARTV5N'
FKCi' ?.C "CE.-n: CIVIL SNGIN
CM 5ANJALL
VI5GISIA FOLY, T"ST. £ al. U« 10/76 TC 10/77
SCHOOL OF r;jrr>;EEalNG £177 FUNDS 576,916
= U!iEH'SS rJUL
, VIRGINIA
The objectives of this project are! I) to determine the
applicability n-* the oallar-Lichtsnbacg methods for volatile arganics
analysts (VTA) in watac to a variety of tyres of compounds and 2) to
investigate the> variations in analytical precision that are induced by
modifications in the hardware., software, and sample-handling ECocedures,
Variables to be inv
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EXPIRES I I I 71
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
iom 300 • 1730'M Street, N.W. • Washington, D.C. • 2
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
33IG NUMBER
Room 300 • 1730M Street, N.W. 'Washington, D.C. • 20036 j GMA-34J4
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 39495 :
| SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION; SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION MUMOSRCJ
U,S, EWV1POM, F3CTECTICN ftGI, 3305016 01
; OFFICE OF ?S?SAnCH £ CSV,
'APPLICATION OF ADSoaPIION THEOHT TOVA3DS VIH'JS DECONTAMINATION
. i NV e ST i a A T o R ( s ) : ™ aePARTMENT, SPECIALTY:
'?8CF G* PA^S APPLIED EA3fH SCIEMCSS
C^ .^CH'Jf3DT
j? y'jasM
P
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: =ESIOO PO= THIS N R f :
STANFQKU USIVSrSITf 11/76 TO 10/77
SCMQCL CF SAFTH SCIENCES i'^77 FUMDS $39,916
"A10 ALTO, CALIFORNIA 94305
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Fundament*L artsorption and colloid stability theory, physico-
chemical ar.rt mass transport conceots, aad economic considerations will
te _aa!pig.ysd to select ootimum solids and conditions for an adsorption"
denaturation virus removal process to Sa use^ in water treatment or
wastewatpr treatment operations, Apparent free energies of adsorption
of 3Hj l>c labeled poliavirus typa 1 will be measured ty bitch
experiments on solid phasas expected to have high total adsorption
potentials, These values will be compared to those previously measured
on lew reactivity solids such as oS102, Denaturation will tie evaluated
by looking at ratios of infectivity to count Per minute in unadsorbed
and desorhei virus preparations and by usin9 rate zonal sedimentation
analysis to check for viral degradation products.
A Bench scale adsocption^filtration process will te designed to
accomodate solid phases which appear to have the best overall
applicability, This process will Sa tested with poliovirus type 1 using
dechloriraterf tap water and secondary effluent, under sterile and non-
sterile renditions,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 57
A-59
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SMITHSONIAN SCBCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE ; "^^
Room 300 « 1 730 M Street. N.W. • Washington, 0 C. •29C2S j G,''A-3 4 5 2
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
UPPORTING ORGANIZATIO
u,s. iMviHo.v, paoircTiCN AG
OFFICE CF FS?SSBCH 6 CSV.
'IN VITPO ASSFSSH.SNT CF 1UTSGENIC/CAHCINOGEKIC POTENTIAL OF HIXTUStlS OF
' ORGANIC SUBSTANCES IN RENOVATED
INVESTIGATOR |S):
J SAXSHA
U -SCHWARTZ
LIFE £ MATERIAL SCIEffCfiS CIV
VACVIT2 UNIVSFSIIY 3Es! 'COS!?.
ME?RILL LANS, UNIV. HEIGHTS
SYHACt'ss, MSV YOSK 13210
1/77
t'Y77
rc 12/77
FUMDS $1.9,3a<+
PROJECT 3UM
The proposed investigation is intended to examine the
mutagenic/carcinogenic potential af organic fixtures in renovated
wastswatpr ard ittejipt ro identify the fractions/chemicals responsible
for toxic actirn, The wastewatet renovation plants representing a wide
variety of treatment methods will fte studied, and atteirpts will be j.ade
to relate the data on xutagenicity/carclnogani^ity to the treatment
technology. The peofclen will l>e divided into three secaents. The first
segment 'Jill be devoted to assessment of the nutagenie/careinogenle
potential of urconcentrated renovated wastewaters, The recently
developed invitro ^icrosial systens and ssaisntalian cell cultures which
serve as sensitive indicators of sarcinotjanic/nutagenic potential of a
compound will ^e employed; the renovated wastewatecs vlll te tested for
muta<7enicity/caccin.ogenicity both before and after metabolic activation
by mammalian systems. The second segment will be devoted to
concentration of organic contaminants from the renovated wastewjtersj
and putaoenic/carcinogsnic testing of the organic concentrates. Solid
adsorbents such as polyurethane foaa plugs, laeroretieular resins/ and
activates carbon «ill be employed for concentration of organics fro* the
watarj thermal extraction will be used fer removal of lou-irolecular
weight volatile organics. The third segsent will be devoted to chemical
separation of the organic mixtures, and identification and quantitation
of toxic fractjons and chemicals.
The results of the proposed investigation will provide EPA with the
needea information concerning potential health hazards presented from
reclaic-ec1 wastewater for potable use, and assist in setting criorities
for in-depth and more specialized toxicological testing,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 58
A-60
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= ,t PIPES : l/7i
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
iom 300 • I 730 M Street. N.W. • Washington. D.C. • 2
Teleohone (202) 3814211 • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 300 • 1730 M Street. N.W. • Washington. D.C. • 20C36 | G'l A-34 74
Teleohone (202) 3814211 -Telex 89495 i
u.s. SSVISON, PSOIECTICN ACT, sao453o-oi
i! OF PESSAHCH & DEV,
PROJECT T1TL5:
UHIHA3Y STONF HISEASS AND WATER HARDNESS
:PBCf a
STATE USIVEaSITY CF FLA, SYS, 12/76 TO U/77
SCKOCL OF .''EPICINS i'Y77 fU'rIDS 514,307
loCO »5C"EP 3D,
>.j FLORIDA 32610
This is a. study to determine the relationship between the quality
of drinking vatet ar.J ucolithiasls (a major -'ationai health crcslam),
Previous studies suanest there is a ralationship between the quality oi
drinking water and arolithiasisj however, the validity of thp
conclusions of these studies remains uncertain because of uncertainty
aicut the water actually consumed Sy stor.a formers. In this study ue
intend to sample the house water actually used by Eatient and control
subjects,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 59
A-61
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFOfffllATiGN EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1 730 M Street. 'N ',V. • 'iVashingron, O.C • 20C3S
Telepnone (202) 331-4211 • Telex 89
-------
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFLATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1 730 M Street. N.W. • Washington. 0.0. • 20036
Telepnone 1202) 381-4211 • Telex 894S5
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
a 5 1 E NUMBER
GPE-5671
U,S, EM
sie.-u
B?GY RSS, £ DEV,
JICAL £ 3MV, HSS
PROJECT TITLE;
INTERNATIONAL SYMECSIUM
Tl
3E
COMZM.ES
ADMIJI,
. OIV,
ON AHSAS
aSh-75-U3A
CONTRACT
E( H-U-2592
3F HIGH MP.TMRAL HAOIOACTIVIir
il-
L CATHOLIC
I.NST, OF PHYSICS
3UA M.S, VTCtNTS 225
"10 Dd J.AJItlHO, B8A2IL
ffRina -OP TMis MRP:
TC LO/75
FY75 FUNDS SIS,000
The objectives of the meeting are! I) to inven^cry these places
in the worll v*ere such anomalies are known to exist; 21 tc rsviev the
status o^ Investigations being conducted by the various scientists; and
3) to assess the extent to which rasaacch in such places can add auch
needed information on !;ne effects of low level exposure to ionizing
radiation,
?cr the jiirnose of this Symposiuiiij an anomalous radioactive
envirannent is defined as one that is characterized by one or ^ora of
the following! a) The exposure rate front external cerrastrial sources,
ever extended areas, is greater than 203 iti?/yr, b) The Ions lived
alpha activity ingested «4.th the local diet, including water, is greater
than 5C sCi/rtav, c) The aadon 222 concentration of potable water is
greater than 500 cCi. d) The aadon 220 and 222 concentration of the
atmosphere is areater than 1 pCi/1,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 61
A-63
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SMITHSONIAN SCHGE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Scorn 300 • 1 730 M Street, N.vV • Washington. O.C. • 20036
Teleohone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJEC
GCA-17395-3
U.S. DE?T. OP Ti
CAOA7395
CONTRACT
DAOA17-73-C-3013
THE CEVSLCP^fNT 05 A T"ST FOH THE POTA3I1ITY 0? «AT2H THEATSC H
CIHECT REUSE 3YST2M
3T
"2ALTH
UNIV. c? ci:'Ci>;tiAU
SCHOCL OF ''ECICIMS
EDEN £ 3ETH3SCA AVES,
CINCINNATI., OHIO ^5221
10/76 TO
9/77
FUNDS $1,200
Development of a general watar pollutant toxicity assay using a
bicicgical system that will indicata tha presence of agents deleterious
to human health 'ay an unambiguous change in biolo?ical activity using a
"lanmalian cell culture tastt Development of methods to determine the
chemical groups in watar that correlate with biological activities,
relate the results of the cell culture systems to hunan effects and
evaluate effectiveness of unJt processes of direct watec waste systems
proposed for Amy use.
Groups of chemicals and specific acents which contribute to the
deleterious effect of the water on cell cultures win Be determined by
f rac ticna tion and cheuiical analysis. Conduct studies en single
compounds of well defined toxicity, Progress 'o organic compounds
likely to he present to water treated for reuse and corralata results
with mammalian tcxicity studies conducted on animals.
A^O?"DA: Supporting agency address is:
t1: Lair., Ft, '-atricK, Frederick, «d. 21701
'1DHDC .lad, 3iosngineering
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 62
A-64
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SffllTHSfiMIAH SQBICE IHWHWAT10N EXCHANGE
Room 300 • I 730 M Street. N.W. • Washington, O.C. • 20036
Telephone (202) 381-4211 'Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
31E NUMBER
GCA-Z7352-.3
jU.S. SEPT. OF DEFENSE
DAOB73SZ
CONT9ACT
DAUA17-72-C-2125
PROJECT TITLE:
IMD1CATOH5 07 DISINFECTION SFFICtENCI
8S
A.I IALCUAVOANI
SNGI'I
UNIV, CF iLtisc
SCHOOL CF EKC
2527 HYD50SYSIEM3 LAB,
L'SP AN A j ILLINOIS 6 1301
10/76 1C 9/77
FY77 FUNDS
PROJECT SUMMARY:
TC IIIVESTiaviS IHt ?aEVAL3MC3 AS3 3"HBVIO? OF MEW CKLC3HU-
RESISTAHT OSr-ANISflS AN3 'JSE THESE OHOANISMS A3 INDICATORS TO Di'TSHHIN
THE SyFj.fIF.MC? OF 'JAT23 DISINFECTION AS AN AlT'RN ATIV2 TO THE t'SSSSXT
COLIFCFfl
THIS 03JECTIVS WILL BE APPSOACH3D IMHOU5H DISINFECTION STUDIES OF
THE ISOLATED QC3ANIS^S '-ilTH CHLORINE AND OZQ^'Sj DETSBMINING THH SSASONAL
VAaiATIO'i IV PPPT1LATIQN DENSITIES IN SASTEVATS3 TREATMENT PLANT AND
ASSOCIAT'D a^CFIVISG STBEAN AJID DEVELOPMENT OF A SIMPLi ENUnERA
PHCC^JUS",
ADBrSCAi SUPPORTING AGSNC? ADDRESS ISl MDRDC EN71HOMMENTAL
OIV, US A3H? M2CICAL S+D CMO FT DFTPICK HD 21701
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION HDMBER: 63
A-65
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE 1HFGHMATIOJI EXCHANGE
iom 300 • 1730 M Street. N.W • Wasningion. 0 C. • 2
Telephone (202) 331-4211 »T=ie.x 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
33IE NUMBER
Room 300 • 1730 M Street. N.W • Wasmngton, 0 C. • 2G036 i GC A-2780"'-'1
Telephone (202) 331-4211 -Telex 39495 :
' au P PORTING ORGANIZATION • ~ SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION
'0,S. QEPT. OF C3FENSE DACB7SC2
AR.-Y. CONTFACT
DA«D17 76 C 5075
THE DEVBLJP.IFJfT CJ A BIOLOGICAL DETECT03 F03 TOXIC CC.1PONEN7S IM
5U1F 3CUTH SES-^CH IJISIIT'JIS XC/76 TO 9/77
?.% HCX 36513 iY77 FUNDS) $94,693
Jevploa an on = line^ real tl^a toxicity "lo-iitor ta -later^ino water
potability acceptable for fiald ATT/
Grow tr.arna !ian calls on hallow fiber units., and measure lactic
acid, -jluccso a r\& oxygen content of the growth medium sefore and after
excosura to calls, Tha letatolic response of the system to several
toxins are to he tested. Develop storage and shipaent procedures,
A^a-NTUi Sucportino agency iddrass is: «?SCC I'SAMBBDL^ Q.S. Arny
Medical SCO Co»nandj Ft 3atrlck, Id. 21751
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 64
A-66
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
ROO.TI 300 • '730 M Streat, N.W. •Washington, O.C. • 20038
Tslepnone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
GCA-39338
U.S. 3"PT. OF PS?EHSS
AH MX
DAOC93H3
CONTRACT
DAJA37-75-C-20CQ
»1
A RAFIC f-ETHOD FC8 THS QUANTITATIVE ISOLATION OF VIRUSES ?HOM POLLUTED
HATSS t"
HI PH
INVESTIGATOR^):
HSSB"W Ui.'IVSBSTTY OF
HASASS?" -MFDTCP1 SCHOOL
?.C. SOX 1172
j ISBAiL
7/75 TC
FY76
6/7a
J2^ SIO^OOO
Ihe overall objective is to ievelop a quantitative method which
will result in the isolation of viruses from large volumes of Polluted
water and which win within 12-2* hours, establish that they fall within
the caterory 'virus'.
The approaches will include use of flourescent antisodias to datect
the earl* apnearancs of viral antigens in infected tissue culture cells.,
and the selection of ooliovirus as pollution indicator, in view of the
alaost universal presence of the vaccine strains in the domestic sewage ,
of develrca-i countries. The rapid detection* of viral pollution is of
."ilitary i^orr'ance in connection with the supply of portable water in
fi=id conditions and with the processins of waste,
3u?rcsTi:rr: AGKNC* ADDSESS INFORHATICNI AHC European .Research office
Sox 15 NY 09510
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 65
A-67
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE HiRJHMATiOJJ EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1 730 M Street. N.W. • Washington D.C. • 20035
Telephone 1202) 381-4211 • Te'ex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
= s i e N u w d e
GQA-57897-Z
'(1,5. DIPT, OF CS"
UAOE7397
CONTHACT
CAMDI.7 75 C 50^3
'ABALISIS SY FLA;IELSSS ATOMIC ABSOSPTION
DC D
NveS71GATOR(5 j:
CHSMISTRY
LOUISIANA STATT 'JSiIV, SiSTSMS
SCHOOL CF SCIENCE
1,0/76 1C
9/77
FUNDS S31j423
"S',> OiUS.VJS, LOUISIANA 7017.2
ROJECT SUMMARY:
The abjective of tnis study is to o-rovile-a laboratory ^eth.ort for
trsCE ratals analysis tnat is sinplej sansitive •m'J less expensive than
methods currently available. The vira Icop atciic aisorptiop method has
potential for increasing the sensitivity and reducing the cost of
analysis in the Ar.uy's water Quality monitoring nrograus.
An Inert «ire loop is uaad to hold the •sa.npla in the liant path of
an ato?ir absorption scectrophotoraater , T>e sample .-nay ba placed on the
locp with i "icrocipetj by soakinj tha vire in the aqueous saraFle
solution (spontaneous concentration of netsi ions op. the vire surface),
or by electroplating the metals on the vire. The wire loop is than
electrically heated to dry^ ash and atomize the sample. Analytical
methods will bfl daveloced for copperj iron, ^ansanese., zinc, silver,
carfmtu^j lead/ arsenic, salenium, chromi".m, barium and nercury,
Interf arences will ne identified and eliminated when possitio, Onca the
basic analytical techniques have been developed they vili te tested
against natural waters of known trace metals concentrations,
Alun.'DA; Supporting agency addrass is:
Lat., Ft. DetricX, Mrt, 21701
'IDhOC 3ioengineering REID
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 66
A-68
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 « 1 730 M Street, N.W. • Washingtcn, D.C. « 20036
Telephone (202) 381-4211 "Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
4SIS NUMBER
GCA"77B93
;U,S.
: A tnif
SUPPORTING ORGANISATION
T. OF ^3F£:iSE
CONTfiACT
DAMD17 76 C 6013
PROJECT T1TLS:
EFFECTS
OK ''UNITICN VASTEHATE3 CHEMICALS AND POTENTIAL lU'UGSNIC
INVeSTlGATQR(S j
VF SI,* "OS
PSRFORMING .^RGANIZATinN:
'STAMF033 RFSEABCH INSTITUTE
30C 'AVSHSKOOO AVK,
KBJ'LC PASK, CA1IFOBHIA 94Q25
7/75 70 6/7fc
5UNDS $70,902
Assess the ^utaganic hazard potential of chlorinated
vasts coTjound? that nay Se Present in drinfcina «atec sucplies. Provide
toxicological ^ata to aid in the ievalopr'ant of enviranrnental quality
standards for Acwy-ownad ammunition's plants,
CMerinatianj raprasantative to that yaed ty «atar treatment
Plants, ef 15 selected persistent munitions compounds that are
discharged to receiving streams used as «ater supplies. Analysis of the
chlorinated eorpcund to determine if the initial compound has fceen
changed. Comparative silcrobial autagenia tests will be siade en those
compounds which undergo change.
SappTHTIMf- AGSNCf ADDFSSS INFORMATION! *D H and 3 Ccm.^
Environmental Peat, Ssch, Oivisionj Washington, D.C. 2C314
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 67
A-69
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/ij$wih
\%/'RW
'U,S. DEPT, Or TEFi
A 8 ": Y
SMITHSONIAN SCiEHCE INFORMATION EXCHANGt | •.«—„••
Room 300 • 1730 M Street. N.'.V •Wjstiington, D.C. • 20036 | Gc^-37b94
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
NSE DAQH73'i»4
CONTRACT
DAMD17 76 C 60S3
ANALOG M^MBRAM;: DISINFECTION INDICATOR A;O HALOGEN ELECTRODE
jr jcH
ENVIHONNENTAL SCIE"CS
UNIV, Cf i!05"H CAROLINA
SCHOCL OF PUBLIC H'EAIIH
CHAPFl HILL, flOKTH CAROLINA 275L4
10/76 TC 9/77
fY77 FUNDS $73,195
1C PEVKL3P ; DISINFECTION INDICTO!? ?TSTEM FOR THE ARMY IN THE FISLO
THAT WILL 3EAD ;\ VALUE PSOPOSTION AL TO A DISINFECTED WATER'S
MIC^CaTOLOGICAl SAFETt, THS "EED FOR SUCH A SYSTEM IS GREATER F03
«ILITA?T THAN' FOR CIVILIAN MATES SUPPLIES 3ECAUSE MILITA8Y WATER
SUPPLIES VASY "IJCH «CHE WIDELY THAN CIVIIIAN WATE3 SUPPLIES, EUSULTING
IN A '4T.QT.? SPECTRUM CF INTsaFESSv'CSS AHO A WIDER 3ANGS OF 3ECU15ED
CdIQ3i;ia B03AGE3- EQUIPMENT MUST 32 CAPABLE OF OPERATING OVER A WIDER
HAHGE CS' CQNniTiONS THAN CIVILIAN SQUIPrtrNT- AND TESTS MUST BE SIMPLE
ENOUGH TO R30UT3" A ilIMIIUH OF OPSSATOS "^AIIIIVG.
T'JQ A??°OAC'JE3 '«'ILL 3E CARRIED OUT SIIUITANEC'JSLY- A. CONSTRUCTION
OF A" INAL03 DI3INFECIIO:i HE.19RANE INDICATCH (AHRI)^ «HICH 'JILL CONSIST
OF A SUITABLE '-EI'.BRAJIE IMPSEGKATSO KITH \ COLOR INDICATOR., SUCH THAT THE
C0105 3BSPONSS ON EXPOSURi TO DISINFECTA"T MILL HE PROPORTIONAL TO THi
EXFOSU't; CF MICHOC5GANiaHS I.'I THE WATS!? TO EFFECTIVE DISINFECTING
CHEHILAL SPSCIVS, ^. STUD? OF A HALOGEN ''Sf".35A:!E SIECTHOCE WHICH
P.SSPCNCS TO riiniCAL SPECIES IN PROPOSTI--:; TO THE CAPABILITY of SUCH
SPKCIiS TO JISINFECT.
ACUFNDA! SUPPORTING AGENCY ADDSSSS IS! MDSDC USAK3KDL, US A3MY
faCICAL P+n C3»^?.MD FT CETHICK «D 21701
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 68
A-70
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A A^PROV E D
NO I PS "0"3i
P ££ J I 1 / 7fl
^piil
fiw
iU.S. DEPT. OF ',
AIS "OFCK
SMITHSONiAH SCJEHCE INFOtirflAflUN t^riAHU'c ;
Room 300 • 1730 M Straet. N vV. •Wasninqton, C.C. • 70036 , GrF-46360
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 39435 ' '
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
DEFENSE DF0^6860
CONTRACT
PROJECT
FATE OF SELECTF3 AIB FCRC2 PRQPELLANTS AVD LU33ICANT ADDITIVES IN THE
AQUATIC aNVISQMilENT
C SIXKA
SYRACUSE UMIVSPSTTv 5ES, COHP.
LANE, '1NIV, HBIGHTS
M3'J YOSK 13210
10/75 TC:
FY77
9/77
FUNDS
AF rUNCTIC^f - A N'Ji13S3 Of CHEMICALS IMCLUCING HISSIL3 P5C?SLLAKT
A:;? 1U5HTCAMT A33ITIVE3 A3E ^IDSLr US"D I)! A13 FOSCS OPESATICNS, THESE
A3E IN'THr-CUCFC I'JTQ THE AQUATIC 2SVIROS-I^VT THROUGn HOUTINE CPfcaATICNSj
3PILI5, MiD '-'ASTF-CISCMASGE EFTL'JEMTS, A'lD A'S OF CONCEStl CUE TO IHSIB
PGTtN'TIAL TOXICITY, THEY ,'UY AFFECT HAtI TtlBQUGH THE D3INKING UATE8
s'jppiYj .;CC;:--'JIATE IM THE FOOD CHAIN, oa BE cowtHTSD TO OTHES PRODUCTS
WITH SViix G3EATS8 70XICIT?. DIFICIEUCY •» LITTLE INi'OS;iATION IS AVAILABLE
ON T"S SM'/IHCM-S'TTAL FATE OF AI3 FOSC3 .1ISSILE PHQPELLAHTS AMD LUHBICAMT
S3C1TIV3?. OBJFCTIVg -. THIS SESSAaCH SILL ADDRESS IHi B^VIPOHHh MTAL FATi;
OF SFLF.CTSD AI? FC^CE CriE.IICALS TO EVALUSTF THi HAZAPDS ASSOCIATED WITH
THHI? 3B7.EASE, HC- SESSA3CH CONTSI3UT3S - 2ESULTS QF THIS STUDY SHOULD
P3CVIDE ISFOF.'HTTCN SEEDED TO ESTABLISH GUID'LTNJiS HEGA3DINU DISCHARGE
OF Ala FC8C5 PS03UCTS IMTO MATES SYSTEMS SUBJECT TC STATE AND t'£DE3AL
REGULATIONS. T'HIS 3i]SEA8CH DI3ECTLY S'JPPOPTS SITBAREA 1.9 I ? N VIHQMMEMTAL
PaCTECTIO?' m 3C 1,9,1 'HEALTH EFFECTS',
THi STUCY '-ITLL INVESTIGATE THE DEGH5.DATIOV OF UCHh AND FNA IN
NATUSALLY OCCUC!^TNG AQUATIC COMMUNITIES, I^EMTTFY THE HSSULTINt;
PHCDUCTS, 02T3MINS S03PTION AND DISOaPTIOM 0? THE CKEHICAIS IN LAKE
SSCl^Z'.'T, EXAillMt UPTAKE AND TSAHSFOHMATION BY PHYTOPLA [I KTCN AND
DETE'HINF UPTA-T" AMD «tTA30LISH 3Y FISH.
ACDFNCAI SUPPORTING AGENCY ADDPESS IS: AF OFFICE OF SCIENTIFIC
SESEAHCH yl 3LTG 410, BULLING AFB, DC 20332
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Environmental Transport
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 69
A-71
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SMITHSONIAN SCL1CE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1730 V St.'=st, V.'.'.' • Washlnaton, 0 C • 20026
Telepnone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 39^95
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
GSP-8306-4
U.S. NATL. SCISMCS FCUIIDATIO!!
CIV, 0? CHE.M.I3T&1f
CHE75^21502 Affl
ROJSCT riTi-e:
KBTHCDS ?CR
SUFPI.IPS
T2ACS 03GANIC SOl'JTSS IN POT.A3LS AMD OTHEH MAIE3
JS FRITZ
HJ ?VBC
STATE 'JMIV. C7 SC, £ TECii
Tf; SCHOOL
10/76 7U 9/77
ifl^.S, TOVA 50010
During the past thcee years DCS. ?rttz and Svee have
technoloqy nssei upon resin extraction for idsntification and
determination rf the lisophilic oceanic coll'Jtantg in drinKing water.
Hueti basic information about the overall problem and what to do isout it
needs to be '-:noun, This research is dividad into three major
categories' I. Imsroved analytical nethodolo-TYj XI. Obtaining
inforaation to better define the organic pollution protlea. III,
Technolony for removal of organic pollutants froi" water. This research
will fccus on: a) Improving the existing analytical method ?nd
developing npv analytical procedures to -eet aoecific needs; i)
ostaininc fundamental new information regarding organic impurities in
water; and c) "'eveiopinq new technology for separating organic
impurities fror vater.
This research is a continuation of that currently supported oy HPS-?
74C1257.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 70
A-72
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
>om 300 • 1 730 M Street. N.W • Washington. D.C • 2
Telephone 1202) 331-121! -Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 300 • 1730 M Street. N.W • Washington. D.C • 2C036 j G U W-45 ID1* L
Telephone 1202) 381-1211-Telex 89495 !
i SUPPORTING ORQANIZATIQN: 3UPPOSPNG ORGANIZATION NUM8iIrU3|-
U,S, 3E?T, 0? TH* INTSSI08 A-U71-.IU * 1
CFFICS CP «ATSH 8ES. £ TECH,
AS5SSTCS IN POTJ3LE SA1SR
MH "AL
-? I.IV.I'-
1C POEGF
IJUIV. CF IlLIIFfl? 7/75 TO 9/7£ fl'JLT, SUPPOBT
•CHQCI CF °UBI,IC H2ALIH i"f76 Ftl'IDS UNKNOWN
"GX ^3^.6
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60630
The question or whether oc not camant-asbestoa transmission pipes
-t-e asbestos fiitlls to potabla 'Jater has not been investigated
in the field, Asfcastos fibers are known to ba carcinogenic via the
inhalation routa tut the human health significance of ingested asbestos
is imperfectly "known at this time, The proposed project has the
following objectives: Phase I (first yearli I. To develop a screening
aiethoa suitable fou tne detection of chrvsotila asbestos in large
numbers of samples, 2, To determine the extant of tne contribution (if
any) of cement-asbestos transmission Pipe to asbestos contamination of
Northeastern Illinois potable water. Phase II (if Phase I indicates
that further studies are warranted)! To determine if people exposed to
drinking water containing asbestos fibers (from cement-asbestos
transmission pipe) have higher mortality rates from various cancars
(gastrointestinal.; peritoneal) than people with similar socicecoaonic
characteristics not so exposed.
Waser sasiries will be collected before and after Passino through
ceirent-a5bestos pipe sections, Sarcplas will be analyzed by electron
microscopy and diffraction. If an eoide«lologic study is conductsdj the
results should have areat signifioancaj since the population at ris'< may
nusber ir the -illions,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER : 71
A-73
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFQBIMTION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1730 M Street, M.W. • VVasningron, DC* 20036
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
SSIS VUMB
GUX-l.1.6
'U.S. J5!?T. 0? THE
1 CF?ICfi OF WRT^a *?SS. S TSCH,
user TITI.E:
J'ETALS I?' CHINKING WATEB - EFFECT >?F DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
OT UA
CHEMISTSI
UNIV. ^F -AaSACH'JS^TTS
SCSOCL OF ARTS
MASSACHUSETTS 01002
t/75 TC 9/75 .IULT.SUPPOHT
FY75 FUNDS: $2,06
-------
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • I 730 M Street, N.W. • Washington. D.C. • 20036
Telephone (202) 381-4211 «Teiex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
35 I E NUMBER
GUI-293-l
!U,S. DHPT. OF THE INTEBIC3
OFFICE CF «ATEH RES, & TECH.
Ar.C87-NC
41.
PROJECT TITUS:
ASSESS?'EMT OF ORGANIC CCSTAfllNAHTS IN WATES
PHCJ 8F C8PI5TVAH
£. S
UWIV. CF i.'OSTM CAHCIIHA
SCMOCL CF P'jnLIC HEALTH
CHAPfl. HILt, NOSTH CASCLINA 275].
-------
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE iNFOHfflATiQN EXCHANGE
>om 300 « ;730 M Street, N.W. "Washington. 0 C. • 2
Telephone (202) 331-4211 • Telex 894S5
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 300 « 1730 M Street, N.W. -Washington. 0 C. • 20C36 I Q-J £-32 7
Telephone (202) 331-4211 • Telex 894S5
no.N:
[U,S, D*PT, OF TK" INtEHIOB A-055-NY
OFFICE OP KAT33 flSS. G TECH,
AND THSIH P3ECURS03S IN i'SiiSh A!!D ?OILUTSD
COPMELt U:-'IWoc;l7l[ 1/75 TC 6/75
3CHOCL OF AGrIC. & LIFE SCI. F?75 y'JNDS 40,500
ITMACA, Nfiv YC3K 1,4850
T^ie rssearsh has trie following thrae objectives: l. To
whether carcinogenic nitrosanines are prasent in natural vaters, 2, To
astatlish vnicu ^nine precursors ara found in rivars., straasisj laKes and
estuaries cont?ining industrial^ municipalj donestiCj and no aan-nade
pollutants, 3, To define environmental conditions favoring the
formation., accumulation^ and persistence of nitrosaaines, in natural
waters,
T*ie study vill help define whether these qmine precursors are
present an'! c-ersist in waters whether the highly hazardous nitrosamines
are -enerate'1., and the type of waters that nay be expected to contain
these potent toxicants.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 74
A-76
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SMUHSOHIAH SCIENCE iXFGHMATiQH EXGHA'iGc
Room 300 « 1 730 M Street, N. .V. • Washington, O.C. • 20036
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
••:.'. ft UK J : i
GUY.-328-1
"J.S. D?PT, 0? THT
CFFICS OF yivTsa ass, & TECH,
A-031-WVA
STUDY CF FUNCTIONAL FOLX.13BS FOB aSMO'/AL 0? KS;V Y.-METAI POLLUTANTS FROM
HATES
INVEST! 0* TORtS): aePASTMENT/SpeCIAUTV^ ~" ' '
PHOf A WINSTON
CHEMISTS?
HEST VA. UNIVERSITY
WATS? VESSASCH IlISTITUTE
YIHGIJIIA 26506
7/76 TG 6/77 MULT.SUPPORT
FY.76 FUNDS U2,228
T^e objective is-to tiesign> synthesize* and evaluate new Polymeric
material havini chaiatlng type functional groups for the selective
removal of heavy-uetai ions from ^ater, The removal of heavy metals
from nitural waters, acid ciine drainage, ancl plant effluents is an
important concern for maintaining our natural environment, f=r
eliciinatina toxic suistances^ for recovery a'f valuable minerals, and fat
the ^reparation of purified forms of water for drinking and other
purposes, The polymers will be synthesized hy the polymerization of
apcropriately substituted nonomers or by the chemical modification of
existing polymers. These polyners will then be tasted with respect to
their e±"fectivensss and selectivity toward certain metal ions at various
concentration levels, Promising systams will be considered for specific
applications in larger scale or Pilot facilities.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 75
A-77
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
om 300 • 1 730 M Street, N.W • Washington. D.C. • 2
Tslepnone 1202) 381-4211 .Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
i 31 E .NUMBER
Room 300 • 1730 M Street, N.W -Washington. D.C. -20036 GUY "360
Tslepnone 1202) 381-4211 .Telex 89495
'U.S. SEPT. OF THE INTESina A.-067-ASIZ
: cyF.tCB OF WATT;!) ass. c TECH,
CaC=A"IC QUALITY CF GSOUNDS
INVESTIGATORtS): 3EPARTMEN-
PBCi' DS XAS?ER ClVIi 3MGIN
PEHFCa.MING ORGANIZATION. =S'-".aO r G ^ THIS NRPI
UNIV, Of ASIZO^A 7/75 TC 6/7ft T3H!1INATSD
SCHOOL OF EitPIVEEBING l"Y76 FUN3S SOj 100
T'JCSC?:, ARIZONA 35721
Tha proposad investigation viH attempt to correlate crcanic levels
in groun'1 va ters vith the amounts of vastauater recharged i.its the basin,
Onanie Levels will Sa tieternir.ert by tha jioiifLed cariop. chlccc-eocrr
extract and the carb = n alcohol extract -nethods as recoitflended £y the
EPA, Evaluation af organic lavels by these analytic methods as
specifier* in tbs nawj 1974 SPA Bringing Vater Standards is- a primary
goal, Ho plans sxist at the oresent tise to identify specific compounds
present ,
sites will be selected 'oy reviewing available hyflrologic
data ccncsrniriC the relative amounts of wastevater and natural waters
recharged into localized arsas, sites wtll ba chosen in areas receiving
large iroounts of wasteuatar racharga and in areas receiving no
vastevater recharge.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 76
A-78
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1730 M Street. N.W. 'Washington. O.C. • 2C033
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
:U.S, DEPT. OF THE 1MTEBI03
. Ci'FICE OF '4AT5-! 3ES, & TECH,
A-.067-tWIS
AN IMVKSTIGATICM C? CHICHINE-COHTAINING CSGAlrIC COMPOUNDS IN CHLOHINAT2D
1ILV.».U!CEE SEUAGi,
DE
VESTIGATOR(S):
UN IV, CI' WISCONSIN
WATS3 CKE3IST3Y LASOSATOHr
.JG3ICULTU3'C HAIL
VARISON, WISCONSIN 537C6
7/76 TC 6/77
FUNDS $12,500
; 1, lo Identify and quantify chlorine-containing
organic compnunis foned during cniorination and possitle ernanic
precursors in "ilxaukee sauage_efflaant. 2. Ta determine the
distritution ar.l fate of salect'ed chlarina-containing organic compounds
identified in chlorinated savage in the receiving waters of the
Milwaukee Harber and adjacent Lake Michigant 3. To evaluate tfte
occurrence and levels of selected chlorineweontaining organic compounds
in Wisconsin I'.ices and municical water supplies.
Samples of. cniorinatad domestic sewage from the Milwaukee • sewage
treatment plant affluent will ba analyzed qualitatively and
quantitatively for chlorine containing organic compouncs. Samples will
also Se collectefl in Milwaukee Harbor near the sewage effluent and in
adjacent Lake Michigan to rtetarmine the Distribution of the compounds.
Additional water samples will be ootaine-? from municipal vatsr supplies
throughout ""'isconsin and fron selected surface water Scdies,
The occurrence of potentially carcinogenic chlorine-containing
orcanic con-pour.ds in the water supply of 'few Orleans has raised concern
for the safety of other municipal water systems. It is imperative that
municipal water supplies throughout the state of Wisconsin Se examined
for these compounds to assure safs drinking water for all.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring; Environmental Transport
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 77
A-79
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90E MO. "OS itOOUZ
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Roon 3GQ • 1730 M Street. N.W. •Washington. 0 C. • 23C3S
Telepnone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
U.S. 3??T. OF TH" INTSSIOB
CITICS OF w&Tsa ass, s TECH,
A-C3S-CRE
PROJECT TITUS:
-HEALTH STGviFic.viCE OF KLSBSISLLA "MSUHOKIAS i1' DHINKING WATEB EMANATING
FSC;1 8?0«OOD TANKS
INVESTIGATOR (5):
na BJ SEIDLEP
•1ICK03I3LCGY
ORF.GCN STATS JT/EBSITTf
HATS? "SSOIJaCSS 3ESEA3CH IN'ST.
126 AGSICUT.T'IBE HAIL
COtVALLIS, C3SGOI1 97331
7/76 TC
FY76
6/77
FUNDS $21,520
GaJ"CT:V2s; To formulate cscoramanlationa on the impact tc human
health when '', pneumonias and othar californs ire present in drinXing
water amanatim from raduood tanitst
The ntiirary objectives will Be achieved 5y the follovim
aprroachss! I. Use af an aninial test srstem to determine the oral dosa
of x, cneunoniaa (isolates from tanks and frofl human infeeticns)
necessarv to cnlonize the intestinal tract of r.orsal and stressed stica,
2. ;eter:^in!. tion of the origin of tan* coliforsis and the
chemical/physical -bases which allow their rrolifecation in sucn tan!<
systsms, 3, studies on experimental IjPOO aallon tanxs to ieternine
the r.ecessarv engineering, plumbing, and chlorinatlon reguireraents to
keep radvood tanits free of coliforns, Tha latter portion will be
financed by industry.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 78
A-30
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"."'*•• 3 I './ >S
SSIF. .NUMBER
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE :
Room 300 « 1730 M Street. M.'-'.'. 'Washington, 9.C. • 2003o GUY-46^-1
Talephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 39495 "*'
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION: SUPPORT-NO ORGANIZATION NUMSEPIS,
U,S, DF.PT, OF TH* ItitES'IOR A-G9l-rtASS *!•
CSFICJS OF WAT3B HES. £ TECH.
A FATICHAL APPROACH TO UTILISATION OF CA23CN 32DS IN 3J-DUCING
."ICHC-0'HGAMC CCNTSrtlJiATIOH OF DRINKTMC "ATE1S
HCf JA CIGIANO CIVIL
UNIV. Cf MASSACHUSETTS 10/76 TO 9/77 HULT.SU?POBT
SCHOOL OF -N'CIViZHING t'Y77 FUMDS 55^600
AilHiiFSTj «*3SAC.riUSZTTS 01002
Tho specific goal of this research Is to -levelo? a corpetitiva
adsorption simulation modal to predict this efficiency cf organics
renoval in adsorpers used in water traatrent plants, cf privacy
iaisoctance are the contaminants resulting from industrial pollution and
urftan and agricultural runoff, includinJ the precursors to halcform
productinn during ehlorination of vatar supplies. In additicnj tfte
influence of naturally occuring organics (e.a. humic substances; on the
adsorptive behavicr of the mlcro-contarairants will Se investigated.
'PA! This project is also supported Sy: State of Mass.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 79
A-81
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE r
Room 300 • 1730 M Street, N.'.V 'Washington, D.C. • 20036 |
Telephone (202) 381-4211 -Telex 39435 i
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
'U.S. CFPT. OF THE INTSS]
! OFFICE OF «AT3? 3ES, £ TECH,
A-C06-VI
PROJECT TITUS:
THH CETKFRIiTATiaN OF PESTICIDE SSSIDUES 15! CISTESN AND GHOUNC *ATS8
SUPPLIES IN THZ VIRGIN ISLANDS
INVE5T1QATOB]S ) :
PHC? JA "CUGK
CHEMISTS!
; ORGANIZArK
^•S^IOO s-OH -HIS N '
COIL. CF VIH^I}-' ISIAMDS 7/75 1C 6/76
- SCHOOL ftlb JUMDb
CHAHLOTTT s^lALIE, ST, THOMAS, Y1SGIM ISLANDS 00801
Stardaca Tethods will fce used to datsrnlne pesticide resists in
the water supplies of tije Virgin Islands, Tie recovery of pesticide
residues frar «ater containinij high concentration of dissolved salts
will be studigri, An investigation of the rata of degradation of
malathior un(*er local weather conditions will be rcade,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring; Environmental Transport
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 80
A-82
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE WFOBfilWlOM EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1 730 VI Street, N.W. • Washington, D.C. • 20036
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Talex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
a.i\K NUMBER
3UPna*riNc ORGANIZATION
;U,S. DFVT. Of T:iK 1NTESIC3 A-033-W/A
, C1FICE OF WAT-IE 9SS. i TECK.
PROJECT TITLE:
'SECGVE*!. OF SAf ITAfl Y.-IN DICATC3 BACTE.TIA F3CM STRiiAflS CONTAINING ACID
INVSSTIJ?on maximizing the sensitivity of detection and recovery
procedures for bacterial indicator organises, Results froi? this study
should provide meaningful information tovard interpreting the Public
health significance of using acid-isina-vatsr-'polluted streams tor a
drinking water supply cr for various recreational activities,
AECFJ.'DA: T^is project is also supported bys State of 'Jest
Virginia and West Virginia University,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 81
A-83
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PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Activated Carbon Adsorption of Trace Organic
Compounds
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: Alan A. Stevens
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
University of Illinois
Department of Civil Engineering
Urbana, Illinois 61801
V. L. Snoeyink, Assoc. Prof, of Sanitary
Engineering, Dept. of Civil Engineering,
Principal Investigator; Neville F. Wood,
Research Associate, Dept. of Civil
Engineering
1/75 - 7/77
FY 77 - $0
The research involved the study of activated carbon adsorption
of selected trace organic compounds for waters typical of those
encountered at water treatment plants. The objective was to obtain
data which can be used in the design and operation of activated carbon
adsorbers for water treatment plants. The study was designed to show
synergistic and antagonistic effects owing to the interactions between
adsorbate species, as well as to show the effects of irreversibility
of adsorption. Both rapidly stirred batch reactors and bench scale
columns were used. Commercially available humic acids, organic
matter present in deep well water, and other sources of humic sub-
stances were used to simulate natural waters for the study. Adsorp-
tion characteristics of methylisolborneol (MIB) and geosmin which are
two compounds of biological origin, a mixutre of chlorophenols and
polynuclear aromatic compounds in simulated natural water were examined,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 82
A-84
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AAEDICAL RESEARCHV^VORMATION SYSTEM PROJECT DATA
I. StE, 10. (t.uavf- t.'jf
John Cochran VA Hospital, St. Louis/ Mo. 63125
3. STATION N'JM;I6«
S. M3IS HO. OF PI
Effect of Chronic Oral Exposure to Low Doses of Cadmium
'2. S^ —6 ft ~ / 0 •
Dm.
!|TIA(_ REPORT
J PROGRESS REPORT
FINAL REPORT
Perry, H. Mitchell, Jr., M.D., Professor of Medicine and Chief, (Hypertension Division
Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine (6680) •'
Margaret W. Erlanger, Research Chemist, VAH: Research Assistant in Medicine
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (2480)
-'Having demonstrated chat we can reproducibly induce hypertension (an increase of li
to 20 ran; Hg in,systolic pressure) by chronically feeding weanling rats low doses of
cadmium (5 parts per million (ppm) in drinking water) under standard conditions (-i,2,
we have begun to study the blood pressure under varied conditions. The following ob-
servations have been made: (a) Rats receiving very small doses of cadmium (0.1, 0.21.
0.5 ppm) were tes.ted at IS months and 24 months and found to be hypertensive with rs-
spect to control rats, although at 24 months the effect had diminished , C3}~. (b) iltitf
with still lower doses of .cadmium (0.01, 0.03 and 0.01) showed no statistically signi"-"
cont effect at G months, a.marginal effect at 12 months,, ,and a significant effect at
months•(4)-.— (c) Rats receiving the standard dose of 5 ppm cadmium had this disconti-
nued at IS months; at IS and 24 months, they were compared .to rats which -continued
their standard cadmium exposure; there was no difference between the groups. (d) At
months rats receiving 1 ppm cadmium in their water had this discontinued and were bat-
on a 15 week course of daily intraperitoneal Zn CDTA, a cadmium-binding agent; at 1C
and 24 months there were no differences between the groups. (e) Animals criven sale.-.:
zinc or hard water as inhibitors of cadmium-induced hypertension were, examined au li
and 24' months and found to be normotensive ie inhibition of hypertension persisted.
(f) Cadmium-induced hypertension was observed in both mole Long-Evans rats and ferr.al.
Sprague-Qawiey rats.-(£.).' .'-;\\i; 'fif.JJip'rjii y! r v ;;•; *j;'-" '
l,.>'-'TIerry, H.M., Jr.: Trace Elements in Human Health'and Disease, Edited by A. Pras,^:"
Academic Press, ?g. 417, New York, 1976.
27 Perry, H.M,-, Jr., Erlanger, M. , and Perry, E.F.: Submitted to Am. J. Physiology.
3^-- Perry, K.M., Jr. and Perry, E.?.-. The Biomedical Role of Trace Elements in Agi;..
Published by Eokerd College Gerontology Center, Pg. 189, 1976.
Perry, H.K. / Jr., Erlanger, M. and Perry, E.F.; Submitted to Proc. Soc. Exp. Bie,:
and Med. • .•
Parry, H.H., Jr., Erlanger, M.W., and Perry, E.F.: Trace Substances in Environ-
mental Health, Volume lO/j^lianbia, Missouri, 1976 (In Press). -x
' ^ — 7A7.*Z_ U A) K /Jo u7 A)
i
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 83
t.
1
9,
1
7
Ti.
6
/..,,.. /:r~r~ . -. '<.,
A-85
-------
£~ ;-- ... -. p.y*"--.;- , -.-. -*~\r<\ :-'•(*:'
U...H. ..../.,- ooi-.-o.; >.; t,..;..!:.:; i.,.-.,.i.-
Room 300 » 1 7'iO M SIM.":;, M V • V.'.i;inrii|!ori, U C. • ;A)'J;;IJ
n'nf "T- r>,.- r>'~o'- n "• r>i • "••7.1 c-pT
S'i'j i f VrC o«" Uu/,,'...';..!ji( ;" b. ,j.'. iloi
'T A PL 'I.i; LT!T .1 2
11IL-W73-i
I'OHTlnc OUC./-.NIZATION :
••HEALTH EDUCATION AND WELFARE
PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE
NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH
H E A R T _h_ II. P_L UjjG _.1ij S T rnj£E
HL 10073-01
SUBGROUP R01
HEART DISEASE AHD DRINKING HATER AT HOME
lfiVCi;TlGATOR(&J: DCPAf
COMSTOCK, GEORGE W
_/
-------
.
OOS MO. l')i R0002
• ~
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • I 730 \1 Street, N.'.V. « Wasnington. DC.' 20Cjfi
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 39^95
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
ltS-3SU-4
U,S, 2JPT, OF KITH, "D, £ WEI,
' ?U2LIC «EALTJ; SERVICE
: RATIONAL ITSTITUTKS OF HEALTH
MATt, 1NST, OF EKV, HLTH, SCI,
.401 ES 00880-0<»A1
PROJECT TITLE!
TASTE: c? KATFS - EFFECTS OT SOLUTES A'to ADAPTATION
INV C 5T l<3 AT O R ( S I:
I" PABTOS-UK
JOHN a, PISHCS FCU;:D, CF CONN,
29C CO>'C-3i5S AV£,
"EN HAVS^j CCNMECIICUT 06519
u/76 TC 11/77
FTC 7 7 FUNDS
T^ste stimuli encountered in the raal world liise tao wacerj foods,
and beverages are mixtures, T>!e aajor abjective at this study is to
previde s. franifvorlt that will peraiit the prediction ef the taste of a
mixture from knowledge of the tastes of its components and the iiiannec in
which it was tested. The taste of a complex solution actually comes
from t«o sources: the solutes anl the unter solvent in which they.are
dissolved, The taste of water itself depends on the substance to which
the tongue is Adapted, Water can taste
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFOnWATICM EXCHANGE
3oom 300 • 1 730 M 5creet. N •.'•.'. • Washington. D C. • 20035
Telephone 1202) 381-4211 « Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
5 s i e >'•* u M a e n
irE-2486-9
U.S. DF.PT. OF KLTH, ED, S 'JEL.
PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE
HATIOKAL INSTITUTES 0? HEALTH
!!ATL, 1HST, OF DENTAL RESEARCH
CODE a
INTi.-ACTTCM C? FLUCBIDE WITH MINERALS IM MAN
IK H S?S:;CEK
ALSO 'JHH
il* PILLKR
7 c A N D H I
AS PIKT7
LOfOlA Ul'IV,
SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
ZltO S, 1ST AVE.
'"AYVOOD, ILLINOIS
MEDICINE
U.S, VETERAN'S
U.S. VETERANS
U.S. VETERA3S
IJ.S, VETERANS
60153
AD^I"I3THATICJI
JDKIVIST8ATICN
8D"I1!ISTilATICN
ADMINISTRATION
9/76 T'J 3/ 77
FI76 FUliDb $63,361
The studies vim will be concarnad with the cenal and intsstinal
axcretiors of fiuccida and the rotention of fluoride in patients with
o!ironic renal disease in whom tha major pathway of flucride excretion.,
the :
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1 730 M Street. N.W. • Washington, D.C. • 20036
Teleonone (2021 381-4211 • Telex 894S5
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
lCA-14927-<3
U,S, DKPT, OF KITH, ED, £ BEL.
LIC HEALTH SESVICE
NATIONAL INSTITUTES CF HEALTH
SAIL. CAKCEfi INSTITUTE
»2& CA 14927-03
Si-
1 ENViSOIItlFNTAL HLAD3SS CAFCINOGENS
INVESTIGATOR (3):
T8 JL FAPOFSXI
H? f.opsro
PHARMACOL.
UillV. CF ,".IACI
SCrlOCL OF !;EFICl;iE
N,», 10TH AVE,
I?HI, F105ICA 33124
4/76 TO 3/77
FY76 fUklDi 536,191
The objpctive of tnis project is to conduct a broadly- ranging
search for unr=cognizs'3.» non-occupational Bladder carcino3ens in 'he
hu^an anvirsraent. T*c groups of substances are being studied: drugs
and anvircnsent-al chemicals which, according ta structural
considerations, can i-e f!-hydroxylated, and 'tertiary amines which can 5e
nitrosated by nitrite in the urina to form nitrosamines, E, con in the
urinary tract and nitrata in the drinking water are the source of
urinary nitrite, Snviranaental chemicals bains studied are 2-
na^hthylarcine in tobacco smoXei caffeine in coffee, and theotrcmine in
tea. -rugs >9ir\q studied include nhenacetin, acetaminonhen, acetanilid,
thecfhyllina, chlorcromazine, tatracyclina, and sulfadlazine. The
hylroxylan-.ine, nitroso, and hydroxamic acid matabolites of these
compounds are teing synthesized. Excretion a£ nitrosa^ines in patients
witn bladder infections will also be explicitly investigated. Gas
chro^atocrachy utilizing the electron capture detector and gas
chros-atoi-raphy-nass spectrometry will ha the primary analytical methods
used. The project will be carried out ir. conjunction with the Urology
Clinic of the University of Miami, School of .ladicina, which sees
stely 130 blaider cancer patients annually.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 87
A-89
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SMITHSONIAN SCIEJJCE HHATiQN EXCHANGE
Room SCO • 1 730 ,U Strest. N.W • Washington. D.C. • 20035
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Tjiex 89^95
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
u,s, DE?T. OF ;;T.TH, ED, c MEL.
PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE
"ATICNAL INSTITUTES CF HEALTH
MAIL. CATC'S INSTITUTE
CA 146*9-02
IN VIVC sLADDS? CAaCISCGEflESIS OF MITROS AMINE
INVESTIGATORtsJ:
CK H CYASU
,1 ."ATStWTO
SATH013SJ
NOHTHW?ST£BN UMVE3SITY
SCMOCL OF "SDICIME
303 r. cj-'irnno AVS,
CHICAGCj ILLINOIS 60611
7/74 TC 5/76
FY75 7UNDS $0
CnJTCTIV3i The ofcjectiva of the proposed investlgaticn is to
deTor;s;r?te thf urinary factcr(s) responsiftla foe inauction cf
transitional eritr.slial tumors by a chemical carcinogen,
A?PPCAC'<'! As a working modalj an isooraft bladrler transplanted on
the tae* of -ala inbred ACI/Cox rats will be use'!. The incidence of
bladder tumors observed after rsneatad instillations of bladder
carcinegpn dibu tylnitrasoamine derivatives ! vi-v>utyl-ji-( 3-cartoxypropyl)
nltrnscarine (=C?N) and N-ijutyl-M-< 4-hydroxylutyl I nitrosoanine (aSN'l)
dissciveri in vater and injactert into tha isograft lumens will te
compared with that of bladder tunors observed after the administration
of the carcino.Tan plus urine dialysata C.'D) or urea, a major organic
component of urine, Once urea and/or 'JD has demonstrated a tunor-
enha.-.cinc effect, the I'D will be fractionated by appropriate procedure
to various fractions and each fraction will be tested by the same
technique, ail tha above described vork will se conducted in Parallel
to t:-e sirilar in vitro study which alas at isolation cf the growth
prcaictina and/?r carcinogen-enhancing factors responsitla for in vivo
and in vitro growth.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 88
A-90
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE I ^^
Room 300 « 1730 M Street, N.vV. 'Washington, O.C. « 23035 > ZXS~351^l
Teleohone (202) 381-4211 -Telex 89495 !
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
U,S, DEPT, OF ULTH, F.D, £ WEI.
PUUIC HEALTH SEavlCE
NATIONAL INSTITUTES or HEALTH
'1ATL. IN?T. OF ESV, HLTH. SCI.
SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION NU M6 £.' P
ZOl ES 30023-02 SHC3
OF TRISODIUH NITSILOTHIACSTATE (NTS) IN THE SAT.
CH D5 F
RA
ENVIHOM 3IOLOGY I CHSM 3«
IJNIV, OF N03TH CAROLINA
: ORGANIZATION;
0,3. DHPT, 0? rLTK, ED. C U2L,
P,H,S. SAIL. I.MSTS, CF HEALTH
ru'HAH, HOfcTH CAROLINA 27709
7/74 TO 6/75
FY75 FUNDS UNKNOWN
PROJECT SUN
objectives at this study are to determine the incidence of
tutors ir cats fed low levels of fITA in the drinking vater throughout
of their life,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 89
A-91
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SMITHSONIAN SC1EHCE INFOHMATIGN EXCHANGE
Room 3CO • 1730 ,VI Street, N.W. •VVasnincton, D.C. • 2QOG6
Telephone 1202) 381-4211 -Telex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
:U,S. C?PT, 0? HLTH, ED, C HEL,
HEA'tTV 3E3VICE
INSTITUTES CF HEALTH
v!ATl, IMST, 2F ENV, HLTH, SCI.
ONTSACT
3TUSY CF EPrPCT Cf ASBESTOS FI3ESS OH TI'SI.'ES
C8 RE CART?;?
PATK010SY
PERFORMING O3CANIZAT1DN:
UN IV, CV MN'VES3TA
SC-'OCL CF "SriCINE
2<»CU TAK1.VO MVE.
:Ul.l'THj ^'IN'NESCTA 55012
7/75 TC 9/76
Cclieet Malcgic samples, both human and non-human., which assure a
broad Mologic sampling cf the population ex=osea to Duiuth's drinking
water, -"atarials to ba collected vill include urinej ieces^ Sloca,
Flacanta (placentai tioodl^ surgical biorsy 'issues., and autcpsy tissues
as feasible, Preserve and store samples in ways which ensues future
usefulness and which ensure compatibility with preservation and storage
.iiethcdclpgy currently being employed by "-r, Seli.
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE i
Room 300 • 1730 M Street. N.'.*.'. • Washington, D.C. « 20C3S ' ZXD"113»4
Teleonone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 39495 '
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION:
'U.S. DF.PT, OF HLTH, ED, £ WEI,
PUBLIC HEALTV SE3VICE
NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH
UATL. IMST, CF DENTAL RESEARCH
SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION rtuM
201 CE 00029-OB C?R C
THE EFFECT OF SCS'doL VATEH FLUOHIDATION ON DENTAL CARUS
S3 HEIFFTZ
ALSO WITH
ALSO WITH
HS HOROWITZ
COHMUNIT? P30G9AKS SECTION
STATE BOARD OF HEAtT^1
U.S, ENVIRON, ?8CT?CTIOH AGCS ,
U,S, 2EPT, OF FLTH, ED, £ WEL,
P.H.S, MATL. IMSTS. G? HEALTH
EilTKESDAj ^
7/75 TC 6/76
i'Y76 FUN'Di 510,777
ROJECT SUMMARY:
In 1963, fluorides were added to the well water supcly cf a
consolidated school (grades 1-12) in Saagrcvsy North Carolina,, at 6,3
ppi-j sever, times the optimal level recoMended for community
fluorirtation, in the geographic area. Children attending the Ssagrove
School live in an area without a central water sucPly and where the
various
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1 730 M Street. N.W. « Washington, O.C • 20025
Telephone (202) 381-4211 -Tslex 894S5
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Z'JA-4021
;u,s. DF
GECLC
WATEP RESOVHCSS DIVISION
CH 00-195
PROJECT TITLE:
AIP FO^CF GUALITY-OF-WAIER ANALYSIS
INVE3TIGATORIS):
HATS3 aSSO'JBCSS DIVISION
U.S. DEPT, OF THF INTiSIOH
GSCLCGICAL SURVEY
12201 SU"KI3" VALLEY DR.
A 22092
fCRlOD f--3n PHIS MRP'
7/75 TG 9/76
JY76 FUNDS Si9,998
PROJECT SUMMARY
The Mr Force has need for chemical analysis of pctable water
sappies froTi various Mr Torca installations,
Ic supply cheaical analysis of potable vater samples from various
Air Fares installations to the Department of the Air Fores.
Analyze pctafcla water samplas furnished by various Air Force
installations,
Supply chemical analysis of potable water samples from various Air
Force installations to the Department of the Air Force.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 92
A-94
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE iNFQiWATiON EXCHANGE
'Om 300 • 1730 M Street, N.VV. -Washington, D.C. • 2
Telephone (20,2) 381-4211 • Telex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 300 • 1730 M Street, N.VV. -Washington, D.C. • 20036 i 2UA-29^9-3
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 39495 !
:U,S. OEPT. OF TK2 INTSSIOH NY 69--C54
RSCL,CGTCAL St'RVEY
HAT"ES 3SSOU3CSS DIVISION
PROJSCT TITUS;
.P8-CTOTY3P 3LFCTRICAL ANALOG «ODEL 0? VE'STESft L3NG ISLAND, M.Y. - PHASE 2
*
INVE,STIOATOR(S): O e P AH TM E NT/S PE CI AI.TY :
N HA88AUf"=K WATER RESO'JaCES DIVISION
U.S. DFPf. OF TH* INTEEIOa 7/75 TO 9/7&
GfcCLCGTCAL 31'RViY FY76 FUNDS
^'iirLA, MfVJ YOPX H501
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Declining ground water levels, stream flow depletion, salt-water
encroachment into the aquifers, and pollution with industrial and
domestic wastes pose a sarious thcaat to the potable vater supply of
Long Island, wh.icn is heavily dapandent upon ground water as a source
for .doTeFtic, suhlic, and industrial vatar supolias. Local governments
are .keenly a«ara of the importance of ground vaterj their water
nanagerept .••{peisicns reiiuire a Xno«ledoe of the hydrologic system which
can ta'st be achieved through model studies,
Objectives of tha study are: (i) to provide decision-makers with
quantitative estimates of the physical changes in t'ia ground-water
syste.i! w^ich wc-jli result from strassas impose'l on that system following
various, -^anageT-ent schemes; (2) to estimate the effects which stresses
in the ground-water system would have on the quantity and quality of
surface vater; (3) to deteriiine rates and directions of ground-water
flo'w under natural and stressed conditions, and to utilize these
velocity data, .to Predict changes in water quality owvrvg to movement of
pollutants and natural contaminants.
(I) Stemdy-state analog models will be used for estimating long--
term changes in frash/salt .water relationships along selected cross-
sections; (2) Digital models will be used for'estimating effects of
saltwater diffusion in selected cross-tseetionaj (3) Steady-state and
unsteady-state analog models vill 5a usert for determining velocities in
the cylindrical fiow pattern around raal and hypothetical wails; (A)
Unsteady and staady-state multi-layerad analog models will be Ugad to
measure responses of surface and ground-water to proposed stresses in
the .ra^jor aquifer systems; (5) New modeling tools and techniques will be
tried cr developed according to need and availability of computer
capacity,
dcdification of straamflow-groundwater relation on the 3-
dii'ensional electric analog modal of tha Long Island ground-water system
w»as coTpleted, Operation of model to solve stress problems has resulted
in several reports (see below), Digital radial flow model was
Continued use of the analog :iodel for solving regional stress
on J,o-pg Island, 'New application of digital models to wate
ar.d flow problems.
£ATEGQB.Y O? RESEARCH: EaviEomnental Transport
-> .'^ ---'•l-'^:"^ """- '---• - A_95
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StfiTHSflMIAN SCIENCE INFOBMWHJN EXCHANGE
Room 3CO • 1 730 M Street, N.rt . VYasrvngion, 0 C • 200CG
Teleohone(2C2) 381-4211 'Telex 33-195
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
ZUA-237^-3
iU,S, DEJT. OF TH~ INTE3I03
GSCLCGICAL 3i:3V£Y
MATEF BESO'IHCSS DIVISION
KS
'JATE3 IN THE SOUTH FfRX ''l:iNE3CAri BASIH, KANSAS
Ir4VeSTI
-------
! M APPROVED
. •:-; • )3 POOH:
IRoJ 1 I/ 76
IBI
W!W
x^%/^>x
0,S, SEPT.
MAvir
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFOaiflATlOJI EXCHANGE |
Room 300 • 1730 M Street. N W. • Wasningion, D C. • 20026 | ZCM-84 L 102 — 6
Telephone (202) 381-421 1 ' Telex B9«95 I
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
0? DZFEMSE DN84L1C2
EXFLCH'TTSY PEVHllCPSIVNT OS1 A HEV FIELD WJT5H PURIFICATION SISTi'il AMD THE
, I.N-lJ-ilMCE OF OISINFSClfl'fTS ON HICH03IA1 TOXINS
INVESTiaATOR(S):
NS HU33T
U.S. NAVY
•"SCICAT
LAB,
"1? LEJf'J>-!3
JAfKSONVTLIE, NQ?TH CASOLIMA
10/76 TU
i""jC77
°9/77 "
FUNDS tl.NKNOWN
To tfeternine whether an iodinatad resin (resin triiode), reported
to be a poverful cactericidal agent uhan used in a cal'imnj can ba
adapted fcr use by individual Marine Corps troops in the fieldi To
determine the rresence of ciicrobial toxins in disinfected water and its
role in acute diarrheal disease in mant
lodinate several ca?inercially availaSla ion-exchange resins and
test the efficacy of the resin-trliodidas for bactericidal action when
used in => cslu-n. Select the roost efficient resin-trilorlide =tnd explore
methcdolc'jY for use Sy individual Marina troops in the field. Using in
vitrc ind in vivo techniques* this investigation will (1) quantify
bacterial toxins in naturally and artificially contaminated waters, (2)
determine amounts of toxin(s) present in water after chemical
destruction of viable oroanisais, (3) assess pathological effects of
water-containing toxins in animal models,
ACD?Ni)A; Supporting agency address is: Naval Medical Field
Kesearcd Lab,; Caffli? Lejeune, N.C. 28542
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 95
A-97
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SMITHSONIAN SCiEHCE INFOSMAT1QN EXCHANGE
Room 300 • I 730 M Street. N.vV. • Washington. D.C. • 20035
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
7 ,- , _ . •, -,, „ -, .
u \L n L J JO o J— 1
U.S. DKPT, OF
DAOM3683
j, 1
RSSilAHCH OF ' FLO«-IHSD KICSOtfAVE HATES ?T?SHIZATION UNIT, ANC
Of KICEQWAVE SACTSPIClnS
U.S. A5MY
SA:riTn.-y SCI-MCES DIVISION
?C?T BKLVOI3, VIRGINIA 22060
10/76 TC 9/77
FY7? FUNDS UNKNOWN
FASCH, DESIGN, AX!D CONSTRUCT SXP^HIrtENTAL BENCH SCALE
^TIO'' DEVICE ?C'-? APPLICATION I%I J.3«Y WATKH/ WASIEW AT3B IHEATfiENT
CIBUG SYST3,'1, DETES^INE SYSTS.1
j AMD TSST FOR SAFETY,
AC3F.:iDA: 5UP?oaXING AGEUCY ADDRESS IS: .IHSADtO.M SANITAPY SCIENCES
OIVI3JCN FT ^ELVCI? VA 22060
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 96
A-98
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SMITHSONIAN SCIEHCE INFCBMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1 730 M Street, N.W. • Wasninqton. u.C. • 20C2S
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
£9 IE NUMBER
ZQA-133533-L
!U,S. QEPT, 0? SS'EH
DAOH35B3
*1
DSY SBAW.aTEH Rf.VTSSE OSMOSIS MEMBRANES
INVSSTlSATORtS
;1 PSESSHAN
A FCBD
U,S.
ORGANIZATION
SCP. 3£S. S DEV, COH,
Z2060
10/76 TG 9/77
FY77 FUNDS UMXMOWN
1 nrSEA'^CH AiiD DEVELOPMENT TO 3ETSH1INE THS TECHNICAL
F2.ASI3TLTTY OF 1ASS ?SCCUCING A OHY, CHLCaiNi? RESISTANT BEVEKSi. OSMOSIS
(HO) SEAVATE3 > 21! HS AN £ .100HLB TO DESALIM!T5 S33WATE3 TU CSINXlf-G '"A7SH
IS A 3T>f,LF PASS SYSTEM,
CCNTUCT Cf^N'TBACT 3ESEAECH DI3ECT3D ?0!.'A?D DKVi.LCP(1ENT Or NS'J 03
IHFSCV'D CV-lLUtOSIC AHC HOM-CSIL'JLOSIC .ItHSRAtJ? MATERIALS AN: «03ULE
FA3KICATTON TECHNlQUZa , MODULES 'JILL 3E TKSTTD IN-HOUSis «ITH ACTUAL AND
F'.'DAl saf?OSTI,YG AGEMC? ADDRESS 15! dESAOCOti SA.MIAKY SCIE'ICBS
SICN FT SSI.VCla VA 22060
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 97
A-99
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
)cm 300 * 1730 M Scrost. M VV. • Was.nin^ion. D.C • 2
Teleonone (202) 381-1211 'Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
HSfS NUMBER
Room 300- 1730 M Scrost. M VV. • Was.nin.jion. D.C -20035 i ZCA-113151-3
Telecnone (202) 38M211 'Telex 89495
I SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION;
U.S. DEST. OF CSFtilSF
ROJSCT TITLE;
EXF&DIHN7 *STHO<3S FOB NATES SUPPL? AMD WSiEWATEH TSEA'IfltMT IH COLD
INVHSTIGAT
A "1C A
U.S. AP.If 10/76 TC 9/77
cots arc, 3ss, £ E;:GI:I. LAB. F^TT FUNDS UNKMOWS
?,C. POX 262
HAfOVSW, >/iVi HAMPSHIRE 03755
D:V?LGP I-P^CVEC TECHNIQUES FOR pno'-isi'JG POTABLE «ATEH ?ca SHALLJ
PE."OTi alLIT.'PV INSTALLATIONS IM WIKT'IS ":iVISO:iKEf)IS,
QL'Al'TITATTVE BESEA8CH WILL 3E 3A3KD ON' !?SECS AS DtFIHED 31
LITERATURE SEAPCHj DATA GATHESI3G AWH 03?i5V.^TION 0? EXISTING TECHNIQUES
IH USS, ,-AJOS SSEAS CF CCUCES;! AHE THS 3?2riAL COLD REGIONS CC.'i STRAIN TS
ON LOCATION, STaPAGE, AND TBEATflflST np :
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
ROOTI 300 • I 730 M Street. N.V.1 • Washington. D.C. • 2GC36
Telephone (202) 381-1211 • Tilex 39405
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
U,S, DHPT, OF TSFEMSi DAOH37<>2
SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION
PROJECT TITI.E:
DHT 3BVa^>SE nSi'OSIS
A F08D
U.S. A.'MY 10/76 TC 9/77
"0-ItiTI SO?. P£S. i DEV, COM, 5Y77 FU'I
FC3I SELVOrSj VITGItllA 22060
. FEASIBILITY OF MS1HG ^8i .1S18HAHSS IN A
Flil.O 3iVEHSE OSMOSIS WAXES PUaiPICAT'ON SYSTt:^.
CCHCUCT A STUDY, IN-HOUSE AND IHOZa COSTHACTj TC i.STA3LISH THE
TECHNICAL FEASI3ILITY CF AN SO flSHSRAME THAT CAN 3* SHIPP3C AHU STOREO
D3Y, AMD iilTHSTAI'D WEI-OSY CYCLING,
ASDTKOA: S-JEPOHTISG AGENCY ADDRESS is: ass«cco« SANITASY SCIEIJCSS
DIVI3IC.-I FT BSlVCIg VA 22060
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 99
A-1Q1
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
>om 300 • 1730 .VI Street. M.'vV. 'Washington, O.C. • 2
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 39495
NOTiCE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 300 • 1730 VI Street. M.'vV. -Washington, O.C. -20036 | ZrA-74325-l
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 39495 !
U.S. DcPT. OF P.iFHNSE DAUG43Z5
•>. H '• i Y
. SACJ.CLYTIC i/FSCTS ON F8QZ2N AQUEOUS SYSTEMS
U.S. AP.1Y 10/76 TO 9/77
"ATICX SSSFAFC'J G DEV, COBMAUD >'^77 FUNDS UNKNOWN
JlATICKj ."ASSACHUSEIIS 01760
TC "ETSSMItJ? 7KE LIXElIHOOD OF RAal.tTIO" PRODUCED MATEB S
R£ACTI"G KITh fOCC COMfCHEnlS IN FBOZ2V POL^CSYSTALLIJU ICFS.
ACU-GUS SCLrniQNS A3E PSBPAaSD COMT5I»I»G THE CQilPCNEJiTS C?
INTS'SSI S.ND A SEfEaENCE SUaSTANCEj F?OZ?M -HAPIDL? AT PINUS ^0 OEGBESS
Cj 1'BADlATSDj T"ASE5> AND AliALYZSD FOS CHANGES IM TH2 aS
CO.".PCUMJ USI"G 3L£CTSQCHZ.1ICAL OS OPTICAL TECHNIQUES.
ACU?!:OA: 3UEPORTING AGEHCf ADCSSSS IS: NS3ADCOH .^A7
CSVTE3 NA7ICK MA 0176C
CATEGORY OF RESEAUCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 100
A-102
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1 730 M Street. N.W, • Washington, O.C. • 2003S
Teleohone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
ZQA-36199
U,S. DFPT. OF DEFENSE
ARI'Y
DAUC6199
DEVELOPMENT 0? CRITERIA FOR WASTEWATEH RFUSE STANDARDS
JC FATO"
U" CCWSN
U.S. A53Y
"ECICAL 3IOENG, RSS, £ DV, LA3
FC3T DSTFICK
FREDERICK, MARYLAND 21701
10/76 TO
FY77
9/77
FUNDS UNKMOHM
TC STUDY WEALTH EFFECTS ASSOCIATED WITH RENOVATIOH AND HSUSE OF
WASTEHATF.R IK BOTH POTABLE AND NON-POT.ASLS APPLICATIONS, AND TC DSVSLOP
CRITERIA tjpoM wwiCH STANDARDS OF QUALITY FOR SUCK 8EMOVATSE WATERS CAN
BE BASED,
THi KflOdfl 03 PSEDICTA3L2 CHEMICAL COMPOMJCNTS OF
f=ENS3ATEC AT MILITARY INSTALLATIONS WfURE WASTIWSTtS HSUSE
HAY =S SFQUIRBD. 1HESE rtAY 3E FIXED IMST? LI.ATIOMS III Hif.OTZ CS ARID
•ABEA3 CH KOBTLE FACIJ.TIES SUCH A3 MILITARY FTE1D HOSPITALS AND
COMSTRUCTIOW SITES, HUIiAt! WASTE MATt US A COMPONENT 0? SOME WASIEHATEHS,
BEVIFW TVS AYAILABIE LITERATURE COMCEasiN'G ACUTE AND LONG-TESM HEALTH
EFFECTS OF ISGtSTICM OF THE IDENTIFIED C"MPO^EHTS IS PUTA3LE WATEil AND
THE CC'JLAR ANO O^a.'IAL EFFECTS IN THE CASE OF NON?OTA3Li APPLICATIONS
SUCh AS eATHTSr:, LAUMOHY AND RSCS'EATIONAl (JS"S IN WHICH HUMAM CONTACT IS
LIK2IY, ncCUfEH? THE AVAILABLE KNOWLEDGE, IDENTIFY AHEAS IN WHICH THE
HECilSSPJV IMF03",AIIOS IS LACKING AND R3COH."E>'D SPECIFIC STUDIES TO
OBTAIN TFAT INFORMATION. PROPOSE THE ADOPTION OF EXISTING STANDARDS
HHEHE THFY ARE APPlICABIEj AND 3ECOM.13ND CRITERIA tOH DUALITY STANDARDS
F0° 'ijJilOVATSD AMD REUSED 'JATEWATE8S 3ASET [J?0}J THE USES TO WHICH THEY
AHF TO 3F PUT, THE DURATION OF EXPOSURE AB3 THE fllLITASY HISSICJJ
INVOLVED, WHICH MAY CADSE MORE EMPHASIS TO 5E PLACED UPON SHCS'l-TBB.I 03
SEMI-ACUTE SFFFCTS THAN UPON CHROMIC ONES, A SUBCOMMITTEE CF THE
BATICHAL ACACEVY OF SCIENCES COMMITTEE Of! MILITARY ENVIRONMENTAL
RSSEAiiCH WILL °E ESTABLISHED TO REVIEW IVIS RESEARCH, AND COCRCINATION
WILL 3E f'AINTAINFC WITH lUTEIiESTPD GOVES^flENT AGENCIES SUCH »S SPA, FDA
ANC HEM l'-D PRCFESSIOtlAL ORGANIZATIONS SUCH AS THE AMERICAN «ATES WORKS
ASSOCIATION AMD THE -ATER POLLUTION CONTROL FEDERATION.
AC1JENDA: SUPPORTING AGEKC? ADDRESS l~,\ M3RDC MEDICAL
3ICBNGINFERIXG 3+C LA3 FT DETRICK H? 217QI
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 101
A-103
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE j «>
Room 200 • 1730 M Street, N.vV. • Washington, D.C. • 20Q36 | ZCA<-26936-2
Teleonone (202) 381-4211 • Telex S9495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
U,S. DF.PT. OF
DACB6936
PROJECT TITLE:
'EVALUATION or DISINFECTION CEITEHIA
SS SCKAU3
M'! PEM^IS
u.s. A:MY
"ECICAl 3IOEN5. RES. £ DV. LA3
FO-T CETSICK
MARYLAND 21701
10/76 TU 9/77
t'Y77 FUNDS UMKHOWH
TC FVALUAT3 FaSSENl OAY CONCEPTS OF THE CHEMSTHY AND THE
'•MISS'S OF DISINFECTION' OF VARIOUS CHLORIDE COMPOUNDS Iti wASTEWATEE,
THF FACT THAT ?1,FF, FIELD WATER SUPPLIES "I'ST 3* PROVIDED WCRL-^-IDi: UNDEH
SXTHEME CriEMICALj MICBC9ICLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL CONDITIONS, flAXlS THIS
?SC3LE'J ' ILITA»Y UNIQUE.
WILL TE HtVI2i
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300- 1730M Street, M.VV. • Wdsninoion, D.C. • 20036
Telephone (202) 381-4211 •Telex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
ME NUMBER
ZvA-26196
[U.S, DIPT, OF CSFENSE
DACB6196
»l
'. DEVELOFfl5';rT OF A HATE» PUHIFICATION UMIT AMD FIELD TEST FOH PYKCGSN F8E£
MATES „
INVSSTIGATOH(S):
JJ FRPXI.Er
U.S. ARMY
"SCICAL
FORT
iG. SE3. 6 DV, LA3
X
y, MASYLArlD 21701
PSRIOC TOR THIS NHP:
10/76 TC 9/77
t'Y77 FUNDS UNKNOWN
To ^aveloc a water purification unit, to is used vithin *-he Medical
Unit Self-co-t?ined Transportable (MUST) Pharmacy Module capaSle of
prcducina vaters for injection that maet Unitad Statsa pharmacopeia
standards. TO develop or adapt existing test procedures that ara
ca^afcle ef verifying the quality of the vater produced.
A detailed literature search will be conducted to ascertain
previous research efforts in the areas of producing pyroger,->free water
and testir,? vatars for the presence of pyrogens. If arevicusly
developed tasting procedures are foynd to be Inapplicable to tne Army's
needsj a ne« procedure will i>e developed or an existina procedure will
be adapted that satisfies the objectives of this program. A similar
approach will fre applied to develop a iiethsd for producing pycogen free
vaters ir the "U3T pharmacy module,
ACD?:;:£A! Supporting agency address is: '
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
S5I£ NUMBER
Room 300 •: 730 M Street, N.W.'Washington. D.C '20026 ; Zi~ A-26 i.32" 1
Teieohone (202) 381-4211 «Teiex 39495 '
U.S. 2EPT. 0? n
DAOB61S2
PILOT PLANT I'EVEICPMENT FOR FULL-SCALE DTSIGN OF MUST MATES PROCESSING
ELEMENT
; iMVESTid JTOR(S |: DEPARTMENT/SPECIALTY:
C?T HC "ILLVa
JJ HCCAPIVY
U.S. ARMY
laciCAL 3iosti2. RES. i DV. LAB
TOST DFT^Ie-f
FREDERIC1', MARYLAND 21701
10/76 TC
FY77
9/77
FUNDS UNKNOWN
DEl'ItiE ANP CHARACTERIZE UNIT PROCESSES »NO iSTABLiSK DESIGN
CRITERIA F03 A WATEH ?SOCSSSIt!G 3LEH3NT (V?E) THAT CAN PPOVICE 90TH ( I )
TSEAT.1-HT flf Foj3H 03 3HACXISH WAISSS FOS POTADit! WATSH USF AHU
S :fi3T£'JAT3P TREATMENT FOB DI5C"A?-G" AMD (2) DECLAIMED
H MCSsCCtfSUPTIVE USE IK A I'.'ST-TYrS ASKr HZLC HOSPITAL.
THE ^ssi=fo ^iC.^Et OF iNSTi?u;:Ei!TATio:i A;T CO^T^OL AMD THE A^CUNT OF TEST
SU?°rrfT ACCHSaOP.IaS 'JILi ALSO 3E OELI^EATST. WATtS QUALITY CRIIESIA FOR
WASTE^ATFR aVIJ?i WILL 3E EVALUATSO AMD "ST.A B'.ISHiD BASiiD ON Cli'FICULT^
0? TIE^r'ENT A>'D POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECT";, THE OBJECTIVE OF THh
MASTEWS7TS VJF3 «ODc IS 35 PSSCSMT 33COVS?f FOR PBODUCTION CF HOSPITAL
WATK5 'JS-Sj ?I>iCF THESE IS A HEED TO OBTAIN V&STEWATEH SEUSE UKD2S FIELD
CCVDITIO?'S DUE T1 LOGISTICAL BURDENS OF PSOCVHTIIG FRESH MATE? tOR ALL
HOSPITAL USE?,
T"i? WORK rs A CONTINUATION OF CONTRACTOR
VAFIC'JS Hf'IT PROCESSES TO INCLUDE 'ILT^AF'LTR A TIOM , 3EVh2SE OS-1C3IS AND
OZCNATIO" ^ILL 3E EVALUATED So THAT SSL3C7TC" OF AN INTEGRATED SYSTEM
CA'l S3 MAO?:. BJ3IS OF SELECTION OF THS UVIT PROCESSES WILL I'iCLUDS
TSEAIM'NT EFTICIiNCTtj FC'JER COHSUBPTIOfr, R7LTA3 ILITY , AND EASE OF
OPEBATIU^t I"TfGaATE3 S^STE.1 COttSIDERATI^N?; KILL INCL:JUS OVESA1L
PER?CS^A!,CE OF TME ViPS, HELIABILITY/ AND EASE OF OPERATOR :'• A INI SN AHCE
ANC CO:!T-CL, Ot-'TiiiTZATIGN OF UNIT PROCKSS3S AiH THE IMISG3ATED SYSTEM
r«ILL dE c:CM3tlCT23 TO PRODUCE DESIGN CRITERIA FOR A PHOTOTYPE SiSTSM,
FRFS." 'JATERj 3HACXISH WATER, SYNTHETIC W\STE'UTEH ANC SEAL WASTE«ATSB
WI1L 3F 1="/AL"AT-;C aiTH ^ASTSWATESS EVAT,'J?.TED A3 30TH INDIVIDUAL WASTE
STREAMS if.'D COf'PCSITT' 'JASTE. CHEMICAL ANALYSES AND PHYSICAL ? AH A.I -ITSRS
WI1L 3? ?f;CO?D^O TO EVALUATE OVERALL PERFORMANCE AND THS AMOHN1 OF
INSiriU'lEN'TATTOH SMC CONTROL NEEDED FOR THE PROTOTYPE. LFFLUS:-T WILL 3E
AVAILABLE FO' TOXICITY STUDIES,
LAS
SUPPORTING AGENCY ADDRESS 13: .1CROC 3I01.NGINEF. RING R + D
FT DETEICr- -'C 217C1
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 104
A-106
-------
SMITHSONIAN SCSENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE ~ TSTTHUM..
Room 300 « I 730 M Street. N.VV. 'Washington, G.C. • ^0036 Z"A~?6169
Taleohone (202) 381-4211 -Telex 89495 V
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
• SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION: suppoa-nNa ORGANIZATION ;
•U,S, DEFT, OF PSFiMSE UA036169
PROJECT TITLE:
iSCHANISf OF T^;2 SEACTION OF BROMINE AMO PCLYHYDSIC PHENOLS TO F08H
S8CMIfl*TEO flFTSlAME COMPOUNDS
INVCSTISATOR (S);
OS WF CCWSK
OH 5CS5VSLATT
U.S. A7.1Y 10/76 TO
."ETICAl BIPEiiS. RES, & DV. LA3 tY77
FO^T CST'ICK
FHFCE3ICX, «ARTLAND 21701
9/77
FUMDS UNKNOWN
TC I^VSSTIGRIE THZ PRODUCTS FOBMSO ^3 A H'Slill GF REACTION SliT'/iESN
33CnlNZ A;iD POLYHKDHIC PHE.'IOLS i:i AQIJSOUS SOLUTION. TO STUDY THE
XI::K?:CS -F ^;;F ^EACTICN SETWSES SHOMIHS A«D PCLYHXORIC PHENCLS -JMDSP.
CONalTI'JKS K«ICH .1I3:)t EXIST III 1ILI?A^r 33IVKING WA"S« S^STEitS USING
BSCnIN? AS A OISTNFECr;.HT,
A-'UFOUS SOLUTIOI1S CF TH£ MODEL C3M?0'JVD HILL 3E COJiTACTFO WITH
3m.1I.NE 'i?TDSH CONTROLLED CONDITIOKS OF ?!? AMP TEMPEBATUHE. AJiALYSSS OF
HS.ICTIC.N psocucTS SIIL SE MACE AFTSS onsr^ncTioH OF EXCESS sponinti WITH
A DE3!JCi:;G AGEMT, MAlOFOSi'.S KILL BE AIIALYZF.D 3Y hEAOSPACE CS S13IPPING-
TH*P:i"c; JIE7KOC3, USING GAS CHRO" ATOR3APH1 ^HASS SPtCTac.l ETE Y FCS
C'J."NTIFlCATIOM/I3EHTTFICATIOtlf A ?LAS«A CH°0.1 ATOGBAPH '"ILL ALSC 3ii USED
TO 3ETECT aaoniSATED COMPOUNDS. 'ION-VOLATILE aaOKINATSC PHENCLS WILL 3E
CONCiSTK.»i"0 BY FSSEZE-CRYING AND A!IALYZ"0 BY GAS CHBOW AIOGH A?h l/t!ASS
SPECTiSCaf T3Y,
A^DFN'DA: SUPPORTING AGENCY ADDRESS IS: .1DROC MEDICAL
BICh'IGlNFKHiyG, " + C LA3 FT DSTSICX F?SCiSICK «U 21701
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 105
A-107
-------
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFQHMATIGN EXCHANGE
Room 300 «1 730 M Street. N.W • Wasiimarcn 0 C. • 2GG3S
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
.U.S. DF?T.
PSFENSS
DAOA0943
CF IMPROVED FIELD TEST PROCESSES ?QX GETSHMINING CHL03INE
IN ACUFOUS SOLUTIONS
WJ CCOF-R
-. ORGANIZATION
U.S. ASflY
"EPICAL aiOSI'G. 3ES. ti 0V. LA
FC?T CFT'ICX
D 21701
10/76 TO 9/77
iUNDS UNKNOWN
PRO--SCT SUMMARY
Tc -oaify the facts proceduras for use in determination ot combined
avallaiie chlorine, To study the Kinetics of the reactions ef OPiJ^
sne;t and syrirgaldazine reagents witn Fac and confcined chlorine^ and to
assist ir. the development and evaluation of a facts field test Kit, The
need fee an irarroved tast Kit! The naed for an improved test for free
available chlorine is uniquely aiiitary* since military «atec supplies
vary much "tore widely than civilian uatar suppliesj resulting in a wider.
spectrum of interferences and a wider range of required chlorine
dosages, .'quirment nust be capable of oeerating over a wider range of
conditions thar civilian equipment- and tests ?ust be simple enough to
require a nini.Tu* of operator training.
The facts procedure will be modified using a XI addition step to
produce a nrocedure for determination of combined available chlorine.
Stopped flow techniques will be employed to study the nineties of the
reactions of TFD, orthotolidine and syringal^azine reagents with S'ac,
Assistance win he provided for the development *nd evaluation of a
prototype Facts riald Test Kit,
A'D^NDft: Supporting agency address isi M.DSDC medical
Hioeigineering 3£C Laboratory^ Ft, Oetricfcj "d, 21701
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 106
A-108
-------
iS IS N U M B C S
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE ~
Room 300 • 1730 M Spset, iN.VV. * Washington, 0,0 • 20035 | ZCA~L694L1^3
Telephone (202) 381-4211 •Telex 89495 !
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
SUPPORTING OflOANlZATtON '.
|U,S. QKPT, OP rSFENSE
i AHMY
*1
PROJECT TITLfi:
DETECTION OF ENT'vBIC VIRUSES IN MATES) AMC RECLAIMED dASTEWATEB INTENDED
i TO? Ai^Y FIS13 USE
3A SCHAH3
r.y TAYLOR
.-EPICAL 3IOENS. SSS. £ DV. LAB
OPTFICX
IVj MARYLAND 21701
FY77
iUMDS UNKNOWN
PROJECT SUMMARY:
TC -2VS7.00 A QUANTITATIVE A»D SLTFICIiirLY SENSITIVE ISCHfiQLO.GY FOB
CCvCINT3ATi:iG .ilfD OETiCTIMG "MTESIC VIHU3E3 »T HATUHALLY OCCUB1NG L2VSLS
IN asw W1TE3, -^"ATED- '.iATEE, MASTE'.JAT3n ANT THiATSD -.ASTEWATFBS INTENDED
FOP =£!!s>F. R^PIO AMO SIMPLE flE'^J T^CKN'IQUfS FOR DETERMINING THE VIHUS
HAZAPD Iv' 5A« MATE'S, PCTA3LE WATER, WASTTWAT^Hj AND TP.iATED W ASTEwATESS
I;iTS:'DEO F03 ?.rU3£ ADS 3SQUI3ED I.THEDIAT'LY 3Y THE US ASKY. CIVILIAN
AGENCIES DO N'OT RAVE THE SAME IMMEDIATE ?IEED ?08 SUCH TECHNICUtS SINCE
•THEY CAN PEa"IT 1CNGEH TIMES PO-H VIRUS DETECTION, THEY CAN UTILIZE
HIGHLY SKILLS PEBSOMJIEL AMD SOPHISTICATTD FACILITIES. THE HSMY, UNLIKE
civiiiin co:ir(.aviTiEs, HAG DEKossTaAiED T"E I.-..IEDIATS REQUIREMENT FOB THE
DI?i.CT a?USB 0"
VIHI.'S ADSOBPTIVE CAPACITY OF WTCNITE CLAY IM WATES WILL aS
iaC "OR USF IN VIRUS COMCEHTR ATIOM , COLLECTION METHODS FC3 THE CLAY
ADSO?3'D VI3IO»'S WILL 3E EXAKI.NS3 FOR 2F7ICIEMT AND CUASTITATIVg
SSCUVS5Y C? THF ENTERIC VI3USES THHOUG1T 'LI'TIOV. SENSITIVE TECHNIQUES
FCP :3SAY AST IDENTIFICATION OF COHCEMT3ATPO VI3USES WILL HE DEVELOPED,
THF GOAL IS TO DETECT ONE INFECTIOUS VIRUS IN' IjOOO GALLONS CF MATER,
ACU?-,-:DA: SUPPORTING AGENCY ADDHSSS is: MDRDC MEDICAL
+ B LAB FT O'ETSICK IT 21701
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 10?
A-109
-------
SMITHSONIAN SCi£.HCE INF03BIAT10N EXCHANGE
Room 300 • ' 730 M Strast. M '.V. • Washington DC. 30036
Teleanone (202) 381-4211 'Telex 39*95
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
U.S. D
AH;:Y
F PSFE'IS
DAOA6613
*1
ANALYSIS CF CYTOTGXIC .REACTIONS PRODUCED 3Y "UST-WATIH CONSTITUENTS
n H G F ns. H a
JA ?CCCIA
U.S. D^PT. OF rjFE'ISE
Aif.aC FfRCF.S INST. OF PATH,
N, DISTRICT OF coL'Jf3iA
PSPIOO - a * T " i s ,N H p:
7/75 TC 6/76
FY76 FUNDS
CYTPASSAK FOS DSTSCTIOK OF "UST-WATfiB I.1PUSITIES THHOUGH
SXTHACTI::C; Q;,'A;-?TTATIVF. IIOBPHOLOGIC DSSCMPTC.HS t'ao.i DIGITU I^AGSS OF
CS1LS CULTU^SD TV 'JATS35 TESTED. METHOD ?CUT_n ^XTSNO TU GEl-KHAi. HATE3
TESTING, ?T CLCST C I' CY76, U, S, ASHY TO POSSESS HINI-CO.U?UTF8
Ann -acTrcoL? :-o? 'JATES TOXICITY CYTOASS^Y. I'IPLICAIIOS'- SEDUCE
FO? MJIi",;. L 7rXICOLOGIC TESTING, DESI33D '"^ULT-HIGH ES AND ."OPS
QLMMTITA^TVS D^T^ RATiS- LOWE? COSTS- Sr'PLE?. LAH08ATOHY LC5ISTICS.
TO MUST SB-USE WAJSH Pai-IASY- SXTS'ISION TO WATHH TtSTiMG
PHESENCS IS POSSI3L!!, PFO^AT'L5', OH ACTUAL WITHIN
APPLTC'3ILtTY. :ULITAHY'i:iDUSTniAL EFTLUHMT CYTOASSAY AN ICPC3IAMT
KNCWV
PHFiL
QU»NT
INTEN
C2Sca
TOXIC
ON 1C
AND D
AUCIT
P'JHCHASE "PCSADE FO^ Mi:iI-COflPUT33 !IA^D'-!AHE AND SOFTWARE. UPG3ADS
~iriTizi::G LIGHT dicaosccpE SUBSYSTEM. DESIGN ANU FABRICATE (o+n
-iCUICS FO^ INTESf ACIJK/CQIITHOL OF SCA::«"R TO/BY .11 MI-CO^ PUTEH .
ATS APPLICATION SPECIFIC PROGHAHS, ?TANOA"DIZE C'JLTUHF A N U STAINING
aua^s. 'uv TEASISILITY Ex?sai"s;iTs '-'ITH a^w HATES AKO WAiia WITH
TOXIC ADPI7IVES- tECKNICAL ?ROBLS.1S-?TANC A nD IZS (.ULTU3E i «
lICi OF TOXICA'4TS/"AU MATS9- THEO^ETTCALLY DiVLLC? AND I''PLi.1'iMT
iTATTVS ESTT.IATCa C? STAINING VARIABILITY IN CQMTHASTS ANC
SITY- PFE-ANALYSI3 VALIDATION CF ISAGE ^A'A- tXTSACT CELL IMAGi
?3 OF CYT3PATHQLOGIC VALUE 'JHICH SSNSTTlVi. TO EXPCSUBt TIHE AN'D
A:IT coNCsrTSATicN- PRODUCTION OF AO-QUATE Ex?Eai:nvrTAi. THROUGHPUT
3EST .«I\'I-COH?UTE? SYSTEM. DECELERATING FACTQriS^ fHOCUa 1- .1 1 NT DELAYS
EFECTS IN' V?A SCUI?",Sr:T AND 30FTVA3r, ACCELE3ATING FACTOH-
ICH OF 1 .1»A"sYEAB/YEAR OF PROFESSIONAL "FFOST, STARTING FY75.
A"Dv;jDAi SUPPOHTING AGEIICY ADDRESS IS: .10BDC A8.1tD FCHCE5
0? PfT'lClOGY 'JASHINGTON DC 20306
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 108
A-110
-------
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE | ^^
Room 300 • 1730 M Street, N.A' • Washington, D.C. • 2003S ' ZFS-11698
TaleDhone(202) 381-4211 • Telex 89495 I
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
!U,S. i?!i!FGY !?ES. £ DEV, AOMIN,
C 3J'V, SES, DIV,
CONTRACT
BADICACTIVITY "lII^IHE
INVESTIGATOR (3 (I
3 "ENHETT
S FA30Y
. SNEPGY FES, £ DEV, ADMIN,
HVia.OK«SMTAL ST'JDliS DIV.
376 KUDSOM 3T.
'is1-' YOPS, MtM Yoa:< IOQU
7/75 TO 6/76
l'Y76 FUNDS UNKNOWN
In erder t-o investigate the tranafar to man of fallout fission
products, a nurber of programs of sampling and analysis or biological
aate'rials are conducted. A long-term project has beer, the aeasiirement
01 St-9Q in diet and human bone, Othar raiiiin'jclides investigated
include Plutonium and tritium. Primary objectives ace to correlate body
burdens with iritaXg levels, to evaluate the long-tar* tehavicr of
radionuclides in the environment and in !»anj and to determine the dose
caiBwitsients, Caacterly estimates of 3r-nO intake in total diet in Sew
Yor.< City and San Francisco are determined from analysis of nineteen
representative food items purchased every three months in these cities,
'he diet studies Provi-ie a continuing record of the changes in intake of
Sc-9C in the tstal diet and in t*a various food categories. The long-
term variations which occur and the significance of the accumulated Sr-
90 dajosit in soil relative to tha currant rata of deposition are
investigated. Since 1961, scecinans of human vertebrae, primarily from
acciiant victipg, have bean obtained in the "sv tot'f. City and San
Francisco area? for Sr-^0 analysis, The purpose has been to determine
the dependence of hone Sr-90 concentration on dietary Sr-90 intaXa, from
which the absorption and retention properties of Sr-93 in both adults
and chilr*rsr. could be inferred. Daily milk and tac water sampling in
'Jew YorK Citv has been carried out since 1954, providing the longest
continuous records of Sr-90 concentrations in contributors to human
ingestion intake,
a-5'cLTS: The continuing low deposition rate of Sr-90 and the
fairly constant cumulative deposit of 3r^90 in soil are allowing only
slight changes in dietary sr-90 from one year to the next. The
estimates of average per capita intaXe of Sr-90 during 1973 'jere 9,7 pCi
per day for 'lew York and 3,2 pCi per day for San Francisco. The average
Sr-9C to Ca ratios for adult bone in 1973 were 1 • * pCi per gCa in
York and C.3 pCi per gCa in San ?ranciscs, These values represent
decreases of at-out 35 percent from tha peak values reached in 1965,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring; Environmental Transport
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 109
A-lll
-------
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • ! 730 M Street. N. .V. « Washington, Z C. • 20036
Telephone (202) '381-4211 • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
= 515 MJN-3S1P
z?s-usao
| U.S. SNEBGY SES. £ 3EV,
91CMEOICAI, C 3SV, SES. DIV,
CONTPACT
W-7405-ENG-48
*l
TOXIC THACE i'ET.M EMISSIONS FROM LEAD AM? ZHC S«E1T£SS - THE COShl TO
ac
j
NVESTIGATOR lS|T
BIC«ED C EU'/TBCM ?."S DIV
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
[.'HIV. Ci' CALIFORNIA
LAWH'NCS Liv^jMcaE LASOSATOSY
-,~, 30X 9C^
liVEHIOa.'., CJLIFCHHIA "54550
7/75 TO
f'Da UNKNOWN
RQJECTSUMMAR
The objpctiva of this study Is to evaluate the total heavy natal
intake of the Copulation in KellogT, Idaho, from the Pfi ar.a Zn smelting
industry locatoi .there, Previously analyzed high-volume air filtersj
soils* ar.d vegetation have already shown daniacousiy Sigh concentrations
of Cd., As, Se, Kg, ps/ Zn, Ag, Au, In, Cy, and Sb, Particle size
distritutions studies cf the amSient air and rssuspended dirt and
tailings viu se carried out to evaluate the trace element dose through
the inhalation pathway, '«'ater and diet foods will be analyzed to
evaluate the irgesticn dose. Cost-benefit analyses of emission-control
systems Installations versus imorovert air quality «ill be made.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 110
A-112
-------
FORM APPROVED
3CEJ NO. lift ROOOZ
EXPIRES !1/7B
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1 730 M Street, N.W, • Washington, D.C. « 20036
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
:U.S,
?SP, 5 DF.V, ADMIN,
s a:iv, nss. DIV,
CONTRACT
W-7403-KHG-48
.1
PROJECT TITLS:
cm;ucs o? TH; TSANSUIUNICS AND OTHER a?,Dio«ucLiDi:s IN THE ,-IABSHALL
S~S DIV
PESIOO
7/75 TO.
FY76
OR 7HIS NRP:
6/7*
FUMDS UNKNOWN
P,C, BOX 303
IIVESMOHF, CALIF"3HIA 9^550
s activity investigates the physical^ chemical and bioiogical
transport anrf fate of the transucanica and other radionuclides in the
marine ar.d fresh «aters of Biicini and Snevetak Atolls. Four calated
pr=jscts bear or. these objectives. A biegeochemical study of the
transuranium elenients focuses on the niechanisjig rasponsisie foe
recyclinc these radioelemants in the marine environment of the Atolls.
Studies of sources and circulation., and turnover in centhic communities
are em;hasized, A lens water radiological jjronram is designed to
evaluate and assess the moveraant of radionuclides in ground water on
Enewstax and. 3i:
-------
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1730 M Strsei, N.W. -Washington, D C. • 2C038
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 894S5
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
531E NUMSEH
ZFE-10915-l
.U.S. il'lEPGY 6ES. £ DEV, ADMIN,
' BIC;iEDICAL £ 3JIV. HE3. DIV,
CONTEACT
iTHA«su?A?iics u TNVISOIJHESTAL SYSTEMS
INVeSTIGATOR(S):
JC COR3Y
ALSO «IIH
IT P rt V T
si tcanspoct at 5 locations downstream from reprocessing
plant,
INVESTIGATORS (CONT)
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Environtaental Transport
PEOJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 112
A-114
-------
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1730 M Street. N.W, 'Washington. D.C. • 20036
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
[ SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION: SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION NUMBER" s j
iu.s, Eiiiipcir ESS, s DEV, ADMIN,
i PICMEDICAL £ 3VV, SES. DIV, COUE 2ISO
; PBOJECT TITLS:
:G3FAT LA^SS FADICECOIOG*
INVESTIGATORS ):
js
AaPO':.Nt ^7ATI^N.6L UaCHAIoair 7/75 TO 6/7fi
9700 S, CASS AVt, FY.76 FUNDS UNKNOWN
MtGOf.'.'lE, ILLINOIS 60439
DFSCP.IPTlO'f : The siting of nuclear power plants and fuel
reprocessing plants In and neat the Great La*eg Hasina and the worldwide
proliferation of oath peaceful and military nuclear technology has
created a need for radioecological research on the Great Lafces to
develop ? caratility of predicting the fate of artificial radicnuclides
intentionally nr accidentally introduced into the Great Lakes iron any
source, There is presently vary little information on the distribution
and 'eicgeocheraical behavior of either radionuclides or trace element's in
the "raat t.afces; thus tne radloecalocy of the ^teat LaKes is virtually
unXncvn. The ultimata objective of this program is an understanding of
the fciogecehecilcal behavior and pathvays to nan of radlonuclides and
trace elements in Lake ;Uchiganj but the initial objective is to assess
their distribution in the water, sediinentsj anl organisms telieved to be
important in the Pathways to man. The tvo parts of the pregrair are
coordinated to neet the common objective, The overall program is
coordinated w-j.th related work of several other institutions and agencies
on the Great Lakes, Sadionuclida cycling within tne Lafce Michigan
eeosystesr are studied through representative samPlino of trochic system
organise?, sediaent and water from various locations including existing
and Vncvr future nuclear sites. The relative contributions of fallout,
natural and ranctcr-croduced isotopes are J-aiat assessed in terns of
total lo.ee to ticta and man. Variations ip. biological accumulation of
radicnuclirtes Hue to trophic level relationships, species differences,
location and season are also evaluated, "iota sampled were chosen on
the iasas of their trosnic significance and suspected importance in
bixsgeochofflici'l cycling of elements in the Lake Michigan eccsystem .
Fadionuclide analyses of saaples consist of i-ulticharinel gamma
spectrcsietry, >ieta counting for strontiun-('0 and alpha spectroffetry for
Plutcni'Jir-239, Stable elements (cesiu.ii, strontiumj potassium, calcium)
are analyzed by Cleans of atomic nbsorptinn or flame emission
spectrophotometry . 'Jater samples are either preconcentrated in the
field den-exchange) or returned to the laboratory for chemical
separation prirr to analysis,
PA! Sstimated calendar year funding reportea as
$460, oro,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Environmental Transport
fKUJJH,T l)tS(Ji(JJ?T10M NUMBER: 113
A-115
-------
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFOBfllATlON EXCHANGE
iom 300 • 1730 M Street. M VV. • Washington, : .C. • 3
Telephone (202) 331-4211 .Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 300 • 1730M Street. M VV. -Washington, Z.C. • 30033 j 7 J2-9014-
Telephone (202) 331-4211-Tslex 89495 ; "r
U.S. E"iiKGY 5ES. £ DEV, ADMIN,
9ICH?UIC.U £1 3N'V, 3ES. OIV, CONTRACT
Ef *5-l)-
i PROJECT~ ti fi.3'• ~' ~"
' RAEICA'IAI rTICAL ?50CEDUHE DEVELOPMENT
3%' i^CPKINS RADIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
C'-' THO".iS
TTiLLi; .'-it^PHIAI INSTIIUTS 7/75 TC 6/76
?.C, BPX 9=>9 FY76 FU'JDb 'J.N
HICHI.AMO, WASHINGTON 99353
The ptir^o^e cf this study is to daveloo radioche.mcal
cenoatible wit.h technoloaical advances in instrumental analysis,
To tafce full advantage of the highly dav^loped state at instrumental
analysis which now exists and the future instrumental develocments,
radiccher-ica.T saparatian techn-iquss are being devalocad which require
the .^i.Tirum radiocheinical separation foe csmPlate instrumental analysis,
Chemical technology developed undar this proqraw -Jill er.hanea the
potential caoal-ilities for measuring radionuelides by ga^na., alpha, and
beta spertroiet-y/ and for measuring trace elanents ty neutrcn
activaticnj Atomic adoration, x-ray flisopegeencej gas liqui.-)
chroratoaraphy, and other instrumental methods, Major effort «ill be
directed towsr* group separation procadures, with special smchagis on
technique d = "elaprrerit for transuranium species., ana sore of the long-
lived fission and activation products for the nuclear industry,
Sesi:lts; Sadioanalytical schemes have been developed tc enhance
the analysis of X = ray emitters such as P'j2^9, :,n2^i, ?6 21C, Fe 55,
I12'^7 ty intrinsic germanium detectors, Iediui-129 in mil* and watar
sanples couirt ^e measured at 0,05 counts per minute.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER; 114
A-116
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aoa no. ;gs Ffnooa
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • i 730 M Street, N.W. • Washington, O.C. • 20036
Teleohone(202) 381-4211 'Telex 89^95
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
ZC-37331-1
u.s.
SUPPORTING ORGANISATION;
;rs ADMINISTSATION
OF KSDICINE £ SUHGERY
0592 13
STUDY Cf AS3FSTOS SO-ISS IH LUNG TISSUE
:a o S.UFRBACH
ALSO WITH
EC WAMftOMB
IS ?ELIXOFF
VS PARK?
COLL. OF USD, <; r£!!T, OF H.J.
AMER. CANCER SOCIETY INC.
CITY UNIVERSITY CF MTW YORK
ABE5. CANCEH 3CCI2"? I^C.
U.S. VFTKRAH5 J 01 IN IST3 ATION
HOS3ITAL
TSfHOCT AV?, C
o/76 TC
,"Y76
5/77
!THKMO«»
S. CENTRE ST.
N"« JEHSEY 07019
This study originated when it uas found that iron ore wastes dumped
into LaXe Sucerior at Silver Ray^ ^innesctaj contained lar^e quantities
of asiestos fiherSj and that thasa fibers were present in the drinking
water ct Cuiuthj Minnesota, 55 ailes south of the taconite plant.
Ors. Ha«T.ond and SeliXoff were requested to ma^e a study ef the
possible harpfvil effects of ingesting ashestos fibers ny Jud^e ;Ules
Lord of the U.S. Cistrict Court, Because rrevioug studies of "armful
effects of asbestos fibers had been nostly confined to lung tissue, and
invested fibers probably migrate to tha lung and form asbestos bodies, a
sajor study ef the presence of asbestos bodies in lung tis.sus was
designed,
About 1 1/2 years were spent in obtaining suitable material from
Culuth hesnitals and controls; in designing soacial grids tor counting
asbestos bodies; in procedures to ash the lung tissue; in sampling
problems to be certain that the same amount ef tissue is exa.-rir.ed for
each case; in interviewing relations of the deceased to assure that
there was no occupational or environment exposure to asbestos other than
the water•
Several control groups are also included in the series for study,
but the details are keot by Dr. Hammond and his staff. The 432 cases in
the study have been assigned serial numbers with no clue tc identity.
It takes an average or 4 hours to study and record findings for one
case.
The microscopic work has now been completed and the analysis of the
data begun. It is expected that the results of this study will be
completed shortly.
(CCNT)
fASLOW
GAPFIWKEI
GANGES SOCIETY INC,
AHEH. CANCER SOCIETY INC,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 115
A-117
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SSirTHSQNlAN SCJEME INFORMATION EXCHANGE
om 300 • 1730 M Srreet. N \V "Washington. D.C. • 2
Telephone (202) 331-4211 * Teiex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 300 • 1730 M Street. N i.V • Washington. D.C. • 20036 ; Zc- 19566-1 3
Telephone (202) 331-4211 * Teiex 89495 !
:U.S, YETFSANS A D"1 IN ISI3 ATIOH 1336 01
CiPT, OF "1F.DICINE £ SJaGESI
TSACE FAcross is HETABCLIC A«D DEGENERATIVE DISEASES
CS X SCH'/fAa? LAB OF EXPTL KPTSB01.IC DIS
ALSO VI'I!! 'JNIV, OF CALIF03HIA
JE 5PAL1KOLZ.
U.S. VFIF5AVS iO,"I!IISTi!ATION 7/76 TO 6/77
HOS'TTrL rY76 i'UNCS UNKNOWH
59Ci S, 7TH "T,
LO'iG 3fACH, CALIJQIiMIA 90322
Atterpts ta further identify new essential trace elen=nts are
conti.n,iiot!sly uMec-jay. "ralirainac? rasuits '^ere obtained indicating
that the element cadmium Bay be essential, Apocoxiraateiy 0,3 ppm of
cadniu?1 ir. the form of various cadmium s?lts have a s/call tut. consistent
and significant growth stimulating effect, "his level is far fislow that
normally considered to Se toxic, CadciiUT' interacts vith a numfier of
important reactive s.ltas in raetaholisra such as sulfhydryi nroucsj
copper^ selaniun, etc. It may, therefore/ occupy an important pivot
position in the regulation of inataSolie functions. Arsenic also
fulfills a nunbar of postulates which aro used to characterize
potentially essential trace elements, We have recently bc?n able to
develop rtiets >-hic!i are clearly deficient in this elenent, containing
less thar 60 prb of arsenic. la the trace element sterile isolator
system, surplerents of arsenic trioxids ?nd especially arsanilic acid
prcd';cs 3 strorg growth effect in veanllng rats. Mean corpuscular
heTOTlcclr. vi>liias In arsenic deficient r'.ts 'iste 208 higher than those
of controls, further studies are in proarsss,
Sfferts to delineate the potential role of silicon in
atherosclerosis are -regressing, Silicon has previously been shown in
our laboratory to be essential foe formation of connective ttssue and
especially membranes, «e have now found that water sanpies froji areas
of high OD incidence contain only half as much silicate-silicon as
those frnai are?s of low incidence of CKD, The enzyme silicase has been
characterized further. It liberates silicic acid fro.ti acid
mucopolysaccharides and other substrates containing acid in organically
bounj for?;.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 116
A-118
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NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
3S!£ NUMBER
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE \~
Room 300 • 1730 M Street, N.W. -Washington, D.C. • 2003S | 7'11-833
Telephone (202) 381-4211 "Telex 89495 I
U.S. SilVIHOS, PROTECTION AGX.
; CfFICE 0? "SSEAHCH & OEV,
SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION N
*1
VUI3ATIOK 0? f.iTHODS FOR IDENTIFICATION OF HEALTH-BELATED OKGANICS IN
• TAP MATE?
RG fELTON
VK COLEV..V
3H LINGO
U.S. SMViaON. ?HdTECTICN AGCY.
Hii.UTH EFTKCTS SEStASCH LAB.
5555 aiDGE AVE,
Ci;rci!(>'A"1IJ OHIO '»5268
PEHIOO POR THIS NRP:
7/75 TU 6/76
FY76 FUNDS $^6QjOOQ
The objective of this task is to avn.iuata various nethotts of
chemical characterization and identification of organics fro.i tap water
and concpr!tr5tes thereof in order to study t*ie occurrence and effects of
organic contaminants in drinXing water, The research apprcach is to
validate such rathads in-housa while having a contractor carry out the
actual identification and quantification vorfc s.f the organics irora
selected water supplies. This task is in support of the HEHL's research
creject on the occurrence and effects of organic contaminants in
drinking vat^r.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 117
A-119
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE | ^^
Room 300 » 1 730 VI Street, >\i.\V •Washington, D.C. * 2C035 ' 7 M A* R 3 2
Telephone (202) 331-4211 • Telex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJEC
•T
U.S. SVVIEOH. P3CISCTICN AGY,
Ci'FICE OF K5S3A3CK & 2EV,
1CC6L4
IDFNTIFIC.vflC!! OF 03GAIUCS IM AKT
f-.ELTC!l
u
,s, s"v:
HEALTH
5555
CI,>
PERFORMING OHGANIZATION :
[?ON, FRCTECTICM AGC^.
SFFrCTS HF.5EA3CH LA3.
SID^S AVE,
;Cnf"ATIj OKIO H5268
P^
7/75
FY76
i S 1 O i
TO
"OR THIS N-R»:
6/76
FUN'DS
S25,000
Highly treated municipal vastawatars ar^ baing considarsd as
rtal sources of ootaila water in certain are-i3 of the United
Statas, To nb*ain an indication of vhat residuals nigni: be ex?acted
atter troat^entj specific onanic compounds ^ra beina identified in the
effluents frsn seven advanced waste treatment affluents. The ''QA
procedure is to he used with the 3C/HS,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 118
A-120
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NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE j ^^
Room 300 • 1730 iVI Street. N.W. • '.Vashington, 0 C, • 20036 j 7 M 1.7(53
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 8S-195 !
J.S. ENVIRON, PROTECTION AGX ,
OF ?3S3A3CH & DSV,
EHOS/ROA? 21 AMI
PROJECT TITUE:
:T3SNS?CRT P20CF33E3 C? SHLSCTSD SADIOSUCLIBES IN ThS
INVESTIGATOR (3):
GS -IFSSH?
POLLUTANT PATHWAYS BRANCH
U.S. i'-lVTKON, r^tiCTICN
•TAIL, riivi^o*.'. SESHA^CH CE-
?,C. 50X 15027
T.AS VEGAS, NEVADA 89114
••-S3IOD FOR THIS N»p:
7/74 TC 6/75
FY75 FUNDS iJ15,000
PROJE'CT SUMMARY:
reports "will be produced on environmental transact and
concantrntian prccgsses for selected radior.uclldes . Foo't chain pathways
••ill ae pxsrainsd for points, modes, and sasnitudes of entry ^s well as
recyclinc o
2nvj.-onwep.tal transport coefficients and concentration cacameters
will 5« riet9rm.l.ned for selected rartionuclidas through a secies of
latorator'/j controileil environment and fiald studies including
Betecrslfxjical transport, soil-to-plant transfer, Plant-to-aniisal
transfer, an-^ transformation in soil caused ^y micro-orsjanis.TS .
aeperts have Seen completed on tritiun transfer to foeds
with tritiated natural gas, tritium uptake due to wearing luminous
watches, distribution o£ tritium in .nilfe cemnonents of dairy ecus,
tritiun to protiu.n ratios in garden crops and tritium relaticnships
between fish ard watar, Methods have Seen developed for analysis of
Plutenia? in en viran^en tal samples and characterization of individual
particles .
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Environmental Transport
PROJECT DESCRIPTION MUMBER: 119
A-121
-------
SMITHSONIAN SC!£:ICE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1730 M Street. N.'."/ "Washington, D.C. • 2C0.33
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex S9495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
'U.S. SHViaov,. PHOTSCTICti ACT, 20 AA3 09
CFFICK OF SESS.SRCH 6 DSV,
HEALTH LOSSES FROM DPI"KI:JG WATSS COI'TANIJMTIOM
U.S. 3'1VI?0:I, F30'I"CTICN AGCT, ?/74 TC 6/75
'-,01 " ST, •?.'*, ?Y75 FUMOS SijOOO
•
-------
SMITHSONIAN SCBCE INFLATION EXCHANGE
om 300 • 1730 M Street. N.W. "Washington, O.C. • 2
Teleohane (202! 381-4211 • Teiex S9495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 300" 1730 M Street. N.W.'Washington, O.C.« 20036 . yrjT-233
Telephone (202) 381-4211'Telex 89495 i
, UTAH STATE GOVF. S'IrtEMT WG-Z03-»l
PROJECT TITLE;
DESIGN CFITS'IA FCa RUSAL DOflESTIC KATS3 SYSTEMS
INVESTIGATOR {SJ: 3
TC MUGH^S CIVIL
UTAH STATE Ur'IVSHSITX 7/76 TO 11/76
UTAH WATE3 HfsEAaCH LAB03AT03Y i'Y76 FUNDS 310,030
SLDR., CIFICE 104
IOC-AM, \JT\l-
The low user/pipe length ratio, recent inflationary tnsnds, and
add en costs cenerated iy the Safe Drinking Water Act ara ccmfcining to
expand the already difficult and fiscal problems related to construction
and operation of rural domestic water systems, These tactcrs maxe
realistic desion criteria for such systans an absolute necessity, This
project uiii gather empirical data related to jeaK flows, both
instantaneous flow ratas within distribution systems and 2* hour oeaXs
from transmission and production facilities, The data will be analyzed,
considering tycas of users (principally livestock fraction of demand)
and smrericallv justified design standards will &e dfjter.flined. The
existing desijr criteria of various state and federal agencies (such as
the "armors iiora Administration) will ba determined ana coirpared to
seasured
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 121
A-123
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SaiTHSDHIAM SCOCE INFOaMM EXCHAHGE
iom 300 • 1 730 M Street. N.W. • Wasmngton. O.C. • 2
Telephone (202) 381-4211 -Telex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 300 «1 730 M Street. N.W. •Wasmngtop.O.C. "20036 • YXA'312
Telephone (202) 381-4211 "Telex 39495
KANSAS STATS GCVSBIMENT KS83I 5U8
•FACicas COMT-SOILING VACATIONS IN RIVSS VATSS DUALITY in KANSAS
GEOLOGY
KA"SAS STAT2 'JMVEPSm 7/76 TC 9/77
SCKCCL OF A3TS 6 SCIENCES E'Y76 FUNDS 47,013
'.NCERSOM HALT.
"AKHATTA^j KSN'SAS 66506
The objectives are to: 1) datecjiine. the principal £a<"tccs
controlling variations in the roajor dissolved constituents in river
water cf Kansas; 2) describe changes in river water chemistry associated
with chances in single event, seasonalj and really flows based on the
contriiutir.7 centrals; 3) apply tfta results to determining types and
periccss of high discharge events in which the vatar is useful tor
irrigation or ••'rinKingj and improving .Tiathods for the identification and
quantification of soint and non-ooint sources of pollution.
i^pl-asis vill be claced on rivers with 7enerally nigh dissolved
solids and widely varying chemistry which often produce water
undesirable for irrigation when retained in a reservoir, Tha factors to
be studied consist of direct precipitation, overland flow, interflow.,
baseflcw (ground-water discharge and reservoir outflow), and tna
evaporation-crystallization Process,
Available river discharge., «atar quality, and weather records will
be used to detcrrine the relative contribution of each of the controls
considered. Data collected during the study for individual high
discharge events win greatly improve th*> analyses of cheaical changes
associated wit!- storm cr anowjielt hydrographSt
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 122
A-124
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE f
Room 300 • 1 730 M Street, N.W. • Washington, D.C. • 2003S |
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 39495 I
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
S31E NUMBER
ILLIVOIS STATS GflVESNHS
GiiCLCUIC STUDIES 10 IDENTIFY SOUHCES OF ^AHI'-'H AND 3ADIUM IN ILLINOIS
G8CU!1D-!IAT7B SUPPLIES
X CJBTV3TGHT
£ GEOPHYSICS SSCT
PERFORMING OROANIZATION
STAT? G20L, StPVITt
VAiyAL R3SOU3CES 3
'.'32A»'A, IL1INCIS
10/76 TO 9/77
FY77 FUNDS UNKNOWM
Analytical data of the Illinois Environmental Protection
shew that thfi water from 33 walls for puMic water supply exceeds the
prcpcssa health standards -for barium/ and frsai 333 wells exceeds the
standards for »lf)ha radiation (prasumably cadi'ist )_•. These wells are
finished in deep hadroclt formations in northern Illinois, Funding nade
available by the Illinois Hater Resources Centar is supporting a Pilot
research program at the Geological Survey, with cooperation of the State
Water Survey, to examine possible geologic sources for rsdiun and barium
and josslila aechanisms for their transport into wat°r suprlles. The
research w^a begun in 1976 and will continue for an estimated two years.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Environmental Transport
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 123
A-125
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INRSifflATIDN EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1730 VI S-rsei. N '•.'.'. • V'.'asnin^on. 3.C. « 20C25
Telephone (202) 331-4211 • Tel»x 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
5'.IE NUMBER
WZ-3363
; SO ?C31AL SUPPORT
CANC53 ;in?,TALm I'l TH" LAST TWENTY Y3A8S IN SPECIFIC COUNTItS
CITIT3 OF MIfS"SOTA
E "AM30URI
K PATIL
7/75 TO 6/76
c? CSDICI;)£
»: i)FW?Y AVZS.
HAj MF9PASXA 69105
?car I956j the Reserve 'lining Comnary has dumped its t
rasldups containing asfcastos fiiar into T,a' lung and possibly gastrointestinal tract) than the
general population, Analytical study of the c-ancer pattern in tha
Duluth population (exposed) and other counties and cities ef Minnesota
(non-exposed) In the last 20 years by age, sex and snecifie sites is
being undertaken.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 124
A-126
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SMITHSONIAN SC1EHCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
3oom 300 • 1730 M Street, N.W. -Wasningcon, O.C. -20035
Telephone (202) 331-4211 -Teiex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
SX-30-1.
;NQ fcaiui SUPPORT SESOBTED
RE1ATICNSHIP B
GAST3IC CANCS8 AMO MIISAT3S AND NITRITES IM
N GSU.>•;>.'£?
MEDICAL SCOLOGY
!!. U'-'IVSRSTTr CF J1!H1JSALE,1
HACASSAK .IFDICSi SCHOOL
?,C. SOX L172
Jan'JSALS^j I3RASL
PERIOD FOH THIS ftP.f.
10/76 70 9/77
FY77 FUNDS UNKNOWN
Geographic acidsmiolatjy of aastric cancer in Israel and correlation
with cJn»!-ical Analysis of drinki"3 water supplies, De'/elopasnt ot
micrcTiethcrfs for determination of nitrosaraines in corty fluidSt
Examination of patients and controls for nitrosanina excretion.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 125
A-127
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE I ^r^r«
Room 300 • 1730 M Street, N.W 'Washington. D.C. • 70036 ] HX-69
Telephone (202) 331-4211 • Telex 89435 i
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
;NO FCH^AL SUPPORT 3SP03IED *1
SO.M£ S = IrENIOLO<3TCAL ASFSCTS OF GA3T3IC CAPCIHOHA (GC) IN THANSyLVAfJIA
(HC.V'NIA)
CH G «CL3A EPIDEMIOLOGY C STATISTICS
A SA3A
ACAU, OF f^DICAL SCIZNC2S 1.0/76 TC 9/77
XSSTi CF ONCOLOGY fY77 e'JMDb UNKNOWN
3T~. SSS1J3LICII 34-36
CLl'J, 'L'i-'V-'IA 3'«QO
C'jr study ai.ns to show: The morbidity (incidence) rate of GC in
the district of Cluj in relation with other sites of neoplasms; The
relation between nitrosamines and GC; The detection of the secondary
aralnes in foodstuffs* especially in protein food and in food with a high
content of ani.->al fat, after the process of pyrolysisj cooking and/or
preserving; The contents of nitrates and nitrites in the drinking water
of rural areas.
In our opinion tha quantitative distribution of these ccnPcunds in
tha environment ray explain tha high nochidity and sortality rates in
this geographi-al area,
pSiLiiiSA,.-/ sss'JLTS; Previous vital statistics shoved that the
niortjlity rates of GC in the districts of Transylvania are higner than.
in other parts of eur country. lore recent retrospective
epidamiologlrraL studies (1967-1972) carried out =y a teai" of our
institute shoved that GC is ^iora widespread in rural areas (U.2 percent
of cases), the ien being more affected than wc-sen, * cowmen factor is
represented !-y the alimentary hafiits: 33 percent of the patients with GC
usually censured food with a high content of animal fat (taccnj neat)
especially that preserved by smoX.e and salt. Sixty-one percent of the
male patients used alcoholic drinks and 6* percent were smokers,
AIOFNDA: Performing organization! Acalenie De Stiinte Her
Institutul Oncclogic Cluj-Hapoca,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 126
A-128
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aoa ,-^iO. ; ,3
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1730 M Street, N.W. • Washington, D.C. • 20035
Telephone 1202) 381-4211 • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
VZ-920-1
iCANADA
! NATIONAL CAHCSR INSTITUTE
SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION
;EPIDE,!IOT,CGICAI
CF 3LADDE3 CANC3H
INVESTIGATOR ' 3)1
AB MILKS
a FSAsra
?C GQROO'I
I
EPIDEMIOLOGY UNIT
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
HATI. CAKCS3 I'iST. OF CA'IADA
23 A'StAIDS ST. P., ."5C 1X2
TQ30'iTO, OMTAHIO^ CANADA
^esico FOR THIS NRP.
-------
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
om 300 • 1730 .VI Sireet. N.'.V. •Washington, O.C. -
Telephone (202) 331-4211 • T^lex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 300 • 1730 .VI Sireet. N.'.V. •Washington, O.C. -20026 j N'JS-93
Telephone (202) 331-4211 • T^lex 89495 :
lUT.'H STATS
3ICLCGIGAL SOLi OF SPECIFIC 03GANIC COKPOUVDS IN AQUATIC 3CQS1CSTSKS
FriCDl'CtC1 3Y OH SHALE DEVELOPMENT
V"
DB
UTAH STATE UVIV37SITTC 7/76 TC S/77
and other anerjy deposits* (2) the refining of energy
resources in a usable form and subsequent loss of some process waters
containing organic compounds, and (3) the environmental conversion of
specific organic compounds into nore toxic compounds vnich then enter
the aquatic food chain and causa significant toxicity, Some oi the
conncunds nv ba Icnown carcinogens; others specific toxicants cr
bicstirulants, They will in all cases affect -lownstrean users of the
water for drinVing water, irrigation, and recreational use, This
prcpsssd study will measure these sources of the compounds, identify
th»m, and evaluate their Molagical role using specific cioassays (fish
and microorganisms).
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 128
A-130
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PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Water Supply Identification and Measurement
Develop Methods to Identify and Measure
Asbestos
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Develop detection methods for asbestos, using x-rays.
EPA
Unknown
EPA
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
129
A-131
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE mFORSIATlON EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1 730 M Street. N.W. • Washington, O.C • 20036
Telephone (202) 381-4211 "Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
;U.S, JEST. OF s.
COCPFHATI'/? STATE FES. SERVICE
007U39
COLOU121
THt fPIUr C.I3I.OGICA1 ASSOCIATION OF ELEVATED 1L30D PRESVJKS illTH NITRATE
INVESTia AT OR \S I'.
V SAVAGE
J CSTSPYO'JNG
HICBOBIOLOGlf
CC1QFACQ STATS UIIIVESSITY
SCIIOCI CE1 VST, MID, £ 3ICH, SC
TOFT COLLINS, C010BADO 80521
10/76 TO 9/77 CULT,SUPPORT
b'Y77 FUNOS UNXNOWff
05JECTIVE: Cetarmina the relationship between n.igh nitrata levels
an^ hypertension in the Yo\ing. Oatemine whether hospitaiization due to
hypertension, occurs at an earlier age in communities serviced «ith
Fotafcle vat.ar high in nitrates. Suggest methods to reauce hypertension
morbidity an^ mortality.
AFP"CACfi A hospital records search will be mada in hospitals
selected at rar.dem, Primary and secondary cases of benign essential
hypertension and denographic data will ae evaluated, ihe second stage
of this research "ill involve d state-wide study of Colorado school
chilrlran to ^etermini? the status of hypertension in the young and its
interrelationship to nitrate exposure through various environmental
sutstratss.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 130
A-132
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BOB MO. 101 flQOOZ
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE j
Room 300 • 1730 M Street, N.W. -Washington, O.C. • 20036 j GY.-t3622-l
Telephone (202) 331-4211 • Telex 89495 I
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
!KANSAS STATE GOVEBNMENT
0068622
NAN-05-337
;VIPOLOGICAL ASFSCTS CF THE THJIODIDE RESIN HATES DISINFECTING PHOCESS
INVSSTICATOR(S):
L FIMA
PERFO3MIN
KANSAS STATS UM
SfJFIC. EXPFSIMENT STATION
KANSAS 66502
10/76 TO
?Y77
9/77
FUNDS UNKNOWN
03J"CTTVEi Discover how and vhy the Triiedide Resin '-later
Disenf ectir.g process destroys viruses,
A'PFCACH: ay electron microscopy and x-rny diffraction «e hoped to
learn hov iadire attaches to cells,
?"OG?.E3S: The broad-spectrum-activity of the resin-triioaide was
investigatsd further. MO ravitilization of virus occurred aftec days,
or of hactaria after veeks, In tasts it vas determined that columns as
little as one CTI in height vere able to devitalize I0(fc)£. coli at
rates ^prroachin-g 90C rsl per ininute. Calculated residence contact tine
vas less than a second, Cadniuni iodide-linear starch test of all
colurns showed no residuals of iodinQj triiodide, or other oxidized
species of I indicating that jtera diffusion could not explain the
effectivpr.ess of this uethod. As a lacfc of Sacterial growth in cultural
aedia is insufficient evidence to prove bacteria are devitilize^j a more
sensitivp test was used. Escherishia esli casseti through a resin-
triiodide column was su&jected to T-4 bacterial virus. Although the T-<»
attached to Z. coli they failed to multiply, In untreated f.. coli
controls the T-4 fhaga multiplied normally, Enzyaatic activity of the
f, coli resin-treated cells was stopped completely. The action of the
disinfectant, even with column residence times oi one second or less,
appears irreversible, the resin-triiodiHe column can te used
effectively to "sterilze" water; it may in addition, present a method to
elucidate the vgt-elusive moda-of-action of iodine as a disinfectant.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 131
A-133
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PM APPROVED
i no. IDS ROOOZ
CPIR53 1 I,'7S
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
3oom 300 « 1 730 M Street, iM.W. • Washington, O.C. • 2C036
Telephone (202) 381-4211 -Telex S9495
551E NUMBER
^t2s NOT!CE op RESEARCH
PROJECT
0066197
ALA-C5-0041
CHSBICAij BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL FACTO'S FOB MUSTY/EARTHY CDCH OF
SNj Al,, CITY SATSB
INVESTIGATOR ( 5 j'. OS P A RTMENT-'3PS CIA LTY :
JC I'EET? 30TANY £ «IC30?IOLOGY
•JT ?LEVIHS
G" 'JILT
OHGANtZATIOH!
AU3U~N UNIVERSITY 10/7& TO 9/77
SGRIC. EXPrHlMENT ST5TIOM FY77 FUNDS UNKNOWN
AQPUPH, ,5L«3AKA 36330
OFj''C7IVEi Define the chemicalj bialoqicfdj and environmental
factors that are responsible for the persisting nusty /earthy odor in the
Auhurnj *1, city 'Jat«;r supply.
Identify the chemicals responsible for the earthy/musty
odor and taste in the Auburn city watar supply, Identify the
microorganisms that produce the pollutant (s ) t Correiata seasonal
changes in levels ef the pollutantf s ) , aiicrobiological populations, and
«ater chpristrv ( phosphorous, carbon, nitrogen, oxygenj temperature,
PH>.
FPO^SESS; During the report period laboratory studies vera
conducted on the nutritional factsrs resconsiile for geosnir, production
by Streptcmyces st , 33L, Optim'in ta^parature and pH ior growth of this
isclate were 25-3C(o)C and 1, respectively, Growth was linear with
respect te the phcschorus concentration in the 0.1-0.8 ug/ml ranoe.
Cellcbiose and glucose served as the best carbon substrates for growtfti
while :;o -M served as best nitrogen source a* lower concentrations and
N'H ->! at higher concentrations (1,3 ug/al), HH -H was considered the
best nitroqe^ source fee this organise. Best temperature for qeosmin
production was 25(o)C, which vas favored .by increasing pH (uc to 10) of
the growth updlup, Succinate was the best carbon source for gsasnin
productirn. Phosphorus did not stimulate geosrain production in a mfidiuu
that supported growth of the actmonycete, Only yeast extract stimulated
geosifin rrodnction, Inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus can be eliminated
as components of yeast that stimulate geesmin sroduction, The
stinulatcry eopponent ci yeast is undar investigation.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 132
A-134
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE , ^^r-
1001 .300 • I 730 P/l Street, N.'iV. • Washington. D.C. • 2
Teleohone (202) 381-4211 « Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room .300 • 1730 P/1 Street, NAV. •Washington. D.C. • 20036 | G'(-046o6-2
Teleohone (202) 381-4211 « Telex 89495 i
'C0103ACO STATS GOVSBNn2MT 00&4666 4!-
• COLOOOS3
1 EFFECTS CF JIIGH NITBATE EXPOSUBE ON H'JHRV i\ND ANIMAL HiALTH IN NORTHERN
COLO?APC
£ SAVAGS
J
CCLGKACQ STATE IK'IVSaSIlY 10/76 TU 9/77
ACJSIC. sx??ai:irNT STSTIOH FTC?? FUNDS UNKNOWN
roai coLLif.s, COLORADO 90521
PROJECT SUMMARY1
OSJ7CTIVE: Identify sources of nitrate pollution. Investigate the
effects of high nitrate exposure on human health. Stuay problems of
nitrate poisonings in aninals,
A^PBC.»CH! The study will be conducted in la communities divided
into f-o groups, 7ha study group with nitrate levels in water supplies
aicv= 25 pp.n and the control group with levels below 23 opm.
Approximately 200 families will Sa selected to participate in a health
index survey to investigate the effects of high nitrate levels on human
health, Hospitals and clinic records will also be analyzed. Crinfcing
water sunplies of all study participants will be analyzed for nitrates.
Environmental «ata on sewage disposal, and related factors will also be
evaluate*. A prospective study of nitrate poisionings in animals will
also ia conducted concurrently,
PPOGHE3S! It f,as bean suggested that high nitrate intake may lead
to hypertension disease among humans. Hecent work has been directed to
writing a detailed proposal which will be sent to a national funding
agency. S state-vide survey is being planned in which a sample at
citizens will be questionned about dietary habits, life style,
sociceconomie McXground, demographic data, and so forth, Blocj
pressure? win be taXan at the time of questionnaire administration and
these Jata will be collated with information about nitrate levels in the
water and soil fcr each respondent, 'Jork thusfar has involved the
collection of riata about water and soil Duality throughout the stats,
consultations with physicians, public health nurses, state health
officials (including engineers and chemists), epidemiologists,
statisticians and sociologists to facilitate detailed Planning of the
survey aid questionnaire design as well is techniques of survey
administration, sources of personnel for blood, pressure '-neasurejients,
and lotheds of analysis once data are obtained, The questionnaire is
currently beino designed. Also, a literature search was completed which
reviewed past worX in the area of nitrate analysis diagnosis of
hypertension, the relationship between nitrate, nitrite and/or
nitrosasine consumption and disease in husians,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION DUMBER: uj TTTT
A-135
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PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Water Supply Identification and Measurement
Establish Sources of Organics in Drinking
Water
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Unknown
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: North Texas State University
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
To study organics in chlorinated municipal waste.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
134
A-136
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
>om 300 • I 730 M Street, N.W • Washington, D.C. • 2
Telephone (202) 381-121 ' • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 300 • 1 730 M Street, N.'.V 'Washington, D.C. • 20025 : G^-6306].-2
Telephone (202) 381-121 1 • Telex 89495
SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION' SUPPORTING 3 « <3 A NIZ ATI ON NUMf3£R{3):
!U,S, BfPT, OF AGRICULTURE 0063061
1 CQCf"8.«TIVr' STATE HES. SEBVICE
; SOUTH CAPQTINA SC.X-PH-OOC3-009
IDENTIFICATION ANC SVAIUATION OF POU'JTrV'TS IN HU3AL DHINKING
INVESTIGATOR (
SOUT!! CAPCLISA STATE CCLLSGE 10/76 TO 9/77 HULT,
SC!!OCi OF iSPICULTUaZ H77 FUMDS UNKNOWN
CSA-NCSBIISG, SC5ITH CA30LINA 29115
Evaluate the quality of drinking «atar supply for rural
hones *n
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SMITHSOHIAN SCIENCE 1NFOHMATIGH EXCHANGE | ^^ir
Room 300 » 1730 M Street. N '.V. 'Washington, D C. -20036 j GY-<)2a'tl5-2
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex SS495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
I SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION: SUPPORTING osc
U.S. OEPT, 0? iSSICULTUHE 0062349
COCPFHATIV STMS 3ES, SES'/ICE
FLCHIDA FLA-AS-0163C
'PLASHING AMD FIHSNCING PUBLIC SERVICES FOU HCHAL COMMUNITIES
£T LGEHMN POOD £ RSSO'JHCt ECONOMICS
STATr 'JNIVE3SITY 07 FLA. SYS, 10/76 TO 9/77 *(jLT, SUPPORT
»«3IC. LX?fSI1rNT STATION FY77 FUilQS UNKNOWN
ILLF. F103ICA 32601
Estimate production functions for alternative types of
public sprvice? and determine the relationship between facility size and
output erst. Determine the relationships between population density;
facility locations, transportation costs and tati! costs of cperatina
putlic spcvice facilities in aulticounty areas and relate auality of
putlic services provided in the areas to costg of the system.
CK! Msing ragression and cost aniineering techniques the
relaticnship for the production function sf various types of public
services and aoancy average unit cost functions will be estimated frora
enqineering -lata and existing information from public service agencies,
These carital budgeting alternatives vill ^e usaa in i aiathematical
prcgrarsir.q fraie«or:< to select cost efficient combinations of services
for aceap within financial, physical and human resource restrictions..
ann evaluate tha "trade-off" uroang cost efficiency and area equity in
ter^s of capital and financial requiramantsj operating cost, travel
rsquirenents of recipientSj etc,
PROGRESS: Analysis of benefits and costs 01 Proposed drinking
water i^rrovernents have been carried out using the concept of a social
production function. Degression equations for disease rates related to
water Tusiity and water quality ralatad to treatment inputs were
measured and used in the analysis. The economic feasibility of building
regional vastewater treatment plants and using land treatment as a
substitute for tertiary treatment Processes in Alachua County has been
studied under Vroject No, 1630-1-A, The findings of this worn show an
absence of larie scale regional treatment facilities in the optimal
solution. At least for Alachua County it seems that treatment by each
community is octiuial except perhaps for tertiary treatment where seme
consolidation appears in the optimal solution far the northwest corner
of the Cf-unty. land treatment provides an economical substitute for
tertiary trestngnt provided that soil characteristics are such that the
wastawatpr is adequately filtered so that there are no adversed effects
to the ervircn-ant , A problem with land treatment is determining a
priori just HO" well the soil and Plants on a particular site will serve
as a filter.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 126 " ~ ~ ~^
A-138
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PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Determination of Breeding Sites of Nematodes
in a Municipal Drinking Water Treatment
Facility
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
EPA
Akin
Clemson University
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
Monitor a distribution system to determine the source of nematodes
present in finished water following prolonged -rainfall.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
137
A-139
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SMITHSONIAN SC1EHCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
iom 300 • 1 730 M Street, N 'fj • Washington, D C. • 2
Telephone (202) 381-4211 .Telex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 300 « 1730 M Street, N W • Washington, D C. • 20036 j Sy -O73 J3-4
Telephone (202) 381-4211 .Telex 39495 i
IV,S, DEPT. 37 ASaiCULTUHE OOOZ333
1 COCPE8PTIVF STAT" aSS. SERVICE
j COlOPiDO COLOC271
DISCOVERY &°rr> CONTROL a? NATUKAL TOXICANTS is THE FOOD CHAIN
INVESTIGATOR (S J: CEPARTt.
F? STEaPITZ CHEMISTRY
•COLQSACO STATE iJMlVEPall t 10/76 TO 9/77 MULT. SUPPORT
AGPIC. £X??3T1FNT STATION FY77 FUNDS UNK'JOWM
FQ5T COLLINS, COLORADO 30521
PROJECT SUMMARY- ' " ™ ' ' "
GSJFCTIVEi Investigate the occurrence of natural taxicantg in
feeds ?nnd it is possible that an additional feedin.c experiment
on A, .T.ispr will he .necessary in the spring of 1976, Analyzed A.
Pterocarrus, canadensis, emoryanus ( (Taxt Truncated - Exceeds Capacity)
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 138
A-140
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1730 M Street, N.W. • Washington, O.C. • 20036 i GY-60513-4
Teleohone (202) 38M211 • Telsx 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
NEW J23SZY STATS GOVaHKilENT 0060513
' iiJC05Z3
'i
GHCU'iD AVD SURFACE WAIE3 SUPPLY
JV HUNTFR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIE."C2
S *H? ?T5TE UHIVHRSITY lu/76 TO 9/77
; ACJPIC. EX?yaiNENT STVIION ?Y7? FU-IDS UNKNOWN
OLD ruEEws sice.
'law aat'N'RWiCK, NEW JSSSSY 03903
PROJECT SUMMARY:
03JFCTIV3I Determine long-tarm (25 years or moral trends toward
iracrovesipntj cleteriocationj or continuation of tna status quo of water
quality in a polluted river. Correlate, quality with an econcr-ic 1,-npact
on water usage, What is the effect of water quality on potable water
treatment costs,
APPROACH! Computer programs win be written to 7enerate
•T.athenatical models fr'em which a tine sarles analysis will be made.
Some wcrif has haen done with moving averages and linear regrsssion
analyses.
S! Research is concerned withuse of proper land use
managener.t schemes as n means of controlling eistrophication , Phosphorus
concentration ?nH loading in five waterways located in an agricultural
drainage basin. is currently bein<7 studied, weekly and periodically
during storms. Three forms of phosphorus, soluble reactive, filtrable
reactive, and total phosphorus, and suspended solids are analyzed at
each waterway, A nodal has been used to estimate phosphorus loading in
the drainage basin at various stages of rfevelaproent and under different
land use plans. Information obtained from the actual sampling
operation, ard those values generated by the model will be used as a
tool for crocer land use .management within the drainage basin. Average
Phosphorus concentrations for all streams has been found to ie .0<»-,0i>
my/1 for soluble reactive phosphorus, and ,QS-,11 mg/1 for total
phosphorus, There appears to be a relationship between total Phosphorus
load ana suspended solid load. ;'o annual relationship exists for total
phosphorus ard flowj however, seasonal patterns, closely associated with
farming practices, have baen observed, "xcellent agreement was -obtained
between actual observed loading and predicted loading, generated by the
model, for the drainage basin,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 139
A-141
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SMITHSONIAN SCiEfJCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
iom 300 • 1730 M Street, N.W. • Wasnington. O.C. «2
Telephone (202) 331-4211 -Teiex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 300 • 1730 M Street, N.W. » Wasnington. O.C. -20036 \ O'i-60312-'*
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Teiex 89495 !
'U.S. liEPT. OF AGPICUII'JSE 00&QJ12
COCP-H.»TIV" ST.'TS HES. SE5VICE
"HC021S
?ROJSCT TITUS:
nilC SITSCSRMI'lES AND PBEC'JRSOaS IM THE BIOLOGICAL SM
EJ HEPHST °" * BICCKEflSTHY
USIV, CS' MEM HMPS1IHE 10/76 TO 9/77 KIJLT, SUPPORT
AGSIC. EX?r2IM£NT STATION FJ77 FUNDS UNKNOWN
:USHAri, HZ'.'. HAMPSHIRE 03324
v-; j identify and quantitata secondary amines and
nitrcsainines ip water supplies and in slants and foods derived f
Plants, Cetpcrine the relationship batwnen high levels of nitrates and
the occurrar.ee of nitrosanines in ''ater and in plants. Assess the
health hazards of carcinogenic nitrosamines and their precursors in the
bioicglcal environment,
AFPFCACH: Secondary amines and nitrosaffines in water supplies and
in plants or frods derived from Plants will ba identified try thin-layer-
chromatocraphy ar!d quantitated by either fluorescence speetropn0tometry
or gas chronstography. The relationship between high levels or nitrates
in 'water and in plants and tha occurrence of nitrosanines will be
determined, Soil and culture conditions which promote the accumulation
of nitrates ann amines in plants will ba established in plant Growth
experiments anrf tne methods for the detection and analysis of
nitrosanines win be applied to tha experimental plants. The health
hazards of carcincgenic nitrosamines and their precursors in the
bicicgical environment will Se assessed from the qualitative and
quantita*ive data. If nitrosaraines are detected, the level cf human and
animal i^cestion based on food and watsr intake "ill be ascertained,
J"Or.aES?: A new rathod for the quartitative analysis of
carcincgpr.ic U-nitrosanines in foods and tissues has been developed.
Tha procedure is less tiae-consuning and less costly than the standard
methods ,-f cas-liquid-chroraatographyj mass spectrometry utilize.-j m the
analysis of f.'-r.itrcsamines in foods, ;i-r,itrosanines are extracted with
CH(Z)C1(2) and purified by steam distillation, solvent partitifn and
column chcomatography, The purified ll-n.itrosamincs are hydrclyzed to
secondary amines by H8r and glacial acetic acid and the anine salts are
reacted vith *-chlorc-7-nitro-2 oxa-lj3-diazole (MfaD-cMoride ) . The
highly fluorescent fiSD-amine derivatives are separated by thia-layer-
chronatocrapby and quantitated with a fluorescence-scanning fluorometer.
The ^ethcc has been applied to mixtures cf purs coicpounds and to the
recovery cf v-ritrosamines added to fres'nj frozen, canned and ssioKed
sheilfisi-. ^a-o^ram quantities of fluorogpnic arr.ine derivatives are
reaaily ^etect^ble and the method is applicable to the analysis of foods
rA"^Dv^°n^orsxi!"atelY 10 Pcfi of an ^--l
CA^GORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitor^
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 140
A-14 2
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PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Evaluation of Tentative Standard Method
with Selected Enteric Viruses
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Jakubowski
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: University of North Carolina
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
To determine the recovery efficiency of standard methods, and
the effect of AlClo and MgCl25 on the recovery of echovirus from
water samples.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Measurement and Monitoring
Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
141
A-143
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
>om 200 • 1730 M Street. N.'.'V. • Washir.jten. O.C. • 2
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Teiex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
JSIE NUMBt£=?
Room 200 • 1730 M Street, N.W. • Washir.jten. O.C. •20036 | GY-"~"?ll-6
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Teiex 39495
:U,S, DEPT, OF »G;UCULTU8E 0057911 «1
COCPSHITIV2 STATE BES, SERVICE
IDAHO IDAOG62'*
iUCHCSIAl iUTSOpi'ICATIC!) LEV31S IM S3VESAL I*AHO DBAI3AGF EAS1MS
INVESTIGATON(S): DEPART ME7-iT/
AJ LIN"3G BACTERIOLOGY
UfHV, CF IDAHO 10/76 TC 9/77 fiULT. SUPPORT
AUSIC, SXPEBI.1EHT STATION FTC77 FUNDi 'JNKMOWN
''O'CfW, IDAHfi 333
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMO EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1730 M Street. N.'.V. • Wasmngton, D.C. • 20035
Telephone (2021 381-4211 • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
'.KANSAS STATS GOVS8NHENT
0056765
KAN-05-036
531P NUMBER
*1
PROJECT TITLE:
A MEN T1t>E OF DISINFECTANT
MATES SUPPLIES
INV33TIGATOF! (S):
L? KI'U
JL U.isva?
KANSAS STAT3 U"
SYpv^iM^NT STATION
.•'AN"ATTA%r. KANSAS 66502
10/76 TC 9/77
rY77 KUHDii UNKNOWN
0?JECTivsi Hater contarclnatad by nicroorjanisms is a potential
health hazard to the humans and animals who ^rinK or otherwise co'.ne in
contact with it. vie will study a new type of insoluhle bacterlcide
which reacts chenically only upon demand and hence avoids an excess of
the iisinf ac»a?t , The utilization of such a treatment probatly would be
ideal for small water supplies such as those in individual farr or
suburban hone for individuals or small groups under rield conditions., or
for private swiping pools, A disinfectant of this tyre would be
convenient ar.d safe for use by unskilled persons. Its use in
conjunction with ion exchange watar softeners would prevent the build-up
of microbiological flora,
A~PPCRCH; Triiodide anion-quaterna,ry ammonium resin combination is
very insoluble but a potent bacterlcide, Plans are to study the
combination of triiodide anion, 1(3), with Hexyn 2«U fisher Scientific
Corpany's polystyrene alkyl quaternary amirie, medium porosity, strona
base ar.inn exchanger originally in the chloride or sultate fcrp. Me
intend also to study the high polyiodida aniona such as 1(5) and other
polyhalifie anions containing chlorine and bromine such as IBc(2) and IC1
(2) in;*, higher species, Studies are to *e con-luctsd on various bacteria
and viruses r.o. -ieter^ine ef f ectivanesg as a
P^OrsF??: The broad-spectrurc-activity of the resin-trlioa ide was
investigated further. No revitilization of virus occurred after days,
or of tacteria after weeks, In tasts it via determined that columns as
little as on" en in height were able to devitalize 10 tO! i, ccii at
rates approaching aoo ml per minute, Calculatsd residence contact tiae
was less than a second, Cadmium iodide-linear starch test of all
column? showed no residuals of iodine, triiodide, or other oxidized
species of I ir-dicatina that mere diffusion could not explain the
effectiveness of this method. As a lacfe of bacterial growth in cultural
siedia is insufficient evidence to prove hacteria are devitilized, a more
sensitive test was used. Sscherichia call passed through, a resm-
triicrtide column was subjected to T-4 bacterial virus, Although the T-<»
attached to the E coli they failed to multiply, In untreated i . coli
controls the T-4 phaga multiplied normally, Snzynatic activity of the
E. ccii resir-t-reated cells was stopped completely. (laxt Abridged.)
CATEGORY OF aESEi\&CHa - 6etH:-rol Tec
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 143
A-145
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
iom 300 • i 730 M Street. N.'.V • Washington, O.C • 2
Telephone (202) 381-4211 'Telex 69495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 300 • i 730 M Street. N.'.V • Washington, O.C -20036 I GY.-y c^aractsrlzina watar Before and after trsat^^nt
includiaa total and fecal colifor*., nitratas^ chlorides, dissolved
solids, turSidJtY* and 5-day 300, and CTT, Varied contact tinseg for uv,
oznne and chlorine will'ha used, Capacity, chemical and energy
requirements, and maintenance requirements of systen will te measured.
The ?ffecti'/enpss and dependability of chlarinatots, 'jv irradiation
devices, ozona generators, filters and ion exchange run in cc.nfcinatj.on
for ?-odv)Cinr! notable watar from typical far1^ sources will be
?50G?PSSi
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 144
A-146
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1730 M Street. N.W. •Washington, O.C. • 20036
Teleohone 1202) 331-4211 .Telex 89<195
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
:U,S, 312?, 05' SGSICUll'yHE 0042798
AG?ICULTURU 3FSEA2CH 53SVIC"
BEITSVILIE AfiSIC, SES. CENTER 110S
, IHCIVICUAL WATrR SYSTEMS AMD OH-SITS DO,1PSTIC 'JASTkl DISPOSAL
£? JCXSS
U.S. DFPT. OF ,'.3qlCULI'JSE 10/76 TG 9/77
7HYSICAL COMT3CL LABC3ATOHY r'Y77 1-U'iDi:
nn
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SMITHSONIAN SClEfiCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 200 » 1730 M Srrest. N.W. •Washington. D C • 20036
Telephone (202! 381-4211 • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
S31E NUMBER
-42681-I
;U,S, DIPT, OF AGRICULTURE-
: AGRICULTURAL. RESEARCH SERVICE
:A - xsu MEXICO APEA
WATES HAFVESTlrG FOH DCflESTIC AND F1
H USE I" THi STATi. OF HAWAII
INVESTICATORfS |:
?T CHUCK.
STATE =OA?D C? LAND E I1AT, 8£S
VO"OI.'JTi;j «A'r. .MI 96S13
10/76 TO 9/77
FY77 fUMDS OMKMOWH
ROJSCT SUMMARY:
05JKCTIV2! Cevslop raliabls* Potable uater supplies for small
co.-itunities oc hones using water harvasting techniques and systgass in
tropical or subtropical raaior.s like Hawaii.
Conduct field and laboratory studies to evaluate
ar.d chemical quality caranatars of water collector1,
selected vatpr harvesting treatments iesignaf! for potacle water
supplies,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 146
A-148
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SMITHSONIAN SGiE-HCE INFOHiWTICN EXCHANGE | ^^^
Room 300 • 1730 M Street. N.W. • Washington, D.C. • 20033 | GY-:i?972-4
Telephone (202) 381-4211 -Telex 89*95 '
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
[ SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION: SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION NUMBe^S;
iU.S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 0032972
cocpsaATiv? STATE sss. SERVICE
t-'OPTH DAKOTA ND on
toxicity of methyl-mercury for chicxs was studied. Contrary tc
observations at ether laboratories, the adverse effects of aiethylmercury
were net alleviated by Se, In fact, the opposite occurred; Se enhanced
the srewth-depressing effects of Ch Her, Se also altered the proportions
of Hg consumed that v/ere deposited in liver, X.idney and muscle tissue of
chiefs, but did not change the subcellular distribution of Ho in liver
cells,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 147 _ _____ __ . _ ______
A-149
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFGHMATION EXCHANGE
torn 300 • 1 730 M Street. N .V. * Washington, D.C. • 2
Telephone (202) 381-421 1 • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 300 • 1730 M Street. N .V. « Washington, j.C. • 20C3S i Gf~27430-6
Telephone (202) 381-421 1 • Telex 89495
WISCONSIN STATS GOVERNMENT 0037430
W1S01469
TSJNSMISSION 0? VI3USSS THROUGH FOOD AND HATES
INVE5TIGATOR(S |:
DC CLIVE3
UN IV, CF WISCONSIN 10/76 TO 9/77
FOCD HES2AFCH INSTITUTE FY.77 FUNDS UNXMOWS
HACI50N, 'JISCCNSIN 53706
OPJF.CTIVSi Develop sensitive Biethods foe detecting food-torse
viruses, Develop simpler methods of ida-rtifyino unknown viruses, Apply
these nethods to selected field sanplas submitted to us,
APPFCACV: MQ(iei foods have been solids experimentally cor.taninatsd
on their surfaces only.* or within the substance of the food. The
pri.-nary -odel contaminants have been antsroviruses. Detection is
accomplished bv infecting tisgue cultaras, Virus is dislodged from the
food surface or extracted from vithin the food and concentrated before
being inoculated into tissue cultures, Virus identification is based
upon serclagic reactions, often smployins nixed antisara. Field sanpies
are tested as submitted to us Sy other laboratories or agencies,
P30C3ESS: The last samples from an in-=lant survey of focd
processors have now been tested, We found no viruses which were liXely
to infect hun-ans in these and in a set of setail markat samples, We
have improved aur detection methods for foed-Sarna viruses by increasing
the volume of food extract tested per tissue culture and by trsnsfering
the extract to a second Kind ef tissus culture before aiscarrting chs
extract, We have begun a study to determine how aueh of an entarovirus
must be ingested with drlnxin? water in order to cause infection or
illness; swine are the experimental subjectsi The material to which
virus in septic tank effluent binds while percolating slowly through
sand is a flocculant substance most probably of microblal origin,
Neither seotic treatment nor rapid sand filtration will guarantee to rid
household wastes of virus; disinfection viH be required, escecially if
the effluent is to be discharged to the surface. Beginning with
chlorine and progressing to other strong oxidants, we are determining
how the individual virus particle is attacked by the disinfectant. Me
have been designated a 'Jorld Health Organization Collaborating Centre on
Food Virology, Activities include promoting conmunieations stuong food
virologists on a warld'Wide b»sis; operating a collection of data on
virus transmission through foods, from which we retrieve information
mechanically to respond to queries; and training or consulting with
visitors concerning problems and techniques in food viroloay.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 148
A-150
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
jom 300 » 1 730 M Street, N.W. • i/Vashingion. O.C. • 2
Telephone (202) 331-4211 • Telex 39J95
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PSOJECT
a com 300* 1730 M Street, N.W. • i/Vashingion. O.C. • 20036 , Gv"23439>-8
Telephone (202) 331-4211 -Telex 39J95 i
: ARKANSAS STATS GOVE3NMEMT 0023439 *1
| ARK00336
:«INE?AL AHmSlTSUa7 BATES
LH
UJilV, Cf ARKANSAS 10/76 TC 9/77
AGHIC. SXPFRIM'NT STATION FY77 FUNDS UNKNOWN
?AYETT£VILLE, ARKANSAS 72701
OSJtCTIVSi Perform chemical analysis of rural water for domestic
and irrigation quality, Study water quality as related to health of
farm families, Kake recommendations for improvement oi rural water
supplies based on chemical analysis,
APPROACH: Water samples are collected and mailed to the laboratory
by County Extension Agents, At the laboratory- the following tests are
siadei nHj electrical conductivity* Ca, ,1s KOC3)»N, Cl, Ha, HCCO),
H(2)CO(3)j ?et and iln, Other tests made on special samples for
diagnostic purposes, and not on a routine basis are; st orthc and nieta
phosphatesj D,o., c,C,St/ Pbj Zn, Sr, Ho, and Z, Coli, All test
procedures will be in accordance with recognized methods, Sesuits are
returned to county extension aoants who interpret the information to the
owner, Periodically the results will ba tabulated on state and county
basis,
A total of 1,728 domestic samples were tested compared
to 1./475 .last year, A total of 563 irrigation samples were tested
compared to 596 last year, There were a total of 192 special tests made
for reasons of health and pollution. Beginning November 1, 1975, a
service fee for chemical water analysis was initiated; t4,co for
domestic and st.OO for irrigation, Mineral water quality cf the Sad
River anrt its effect on 7 soil types is under study with publication
Planned for next year, Data obtained are very similar to that for the
Arkansas Siver, These waters can be used for irrigation with Proper
management and planning. Surface water sources must be utilized for
crop irrigation. Projects are being planned for monitoring and use of
water treatment plant effluent for irrigation, treatment, both
infiltration and overland flev, Nutrient rich affluent water following
clarifier from a Paper nlll is under planning study for irrigation,
Studies concerned with mineral water quality and human and animal health
are badly needed.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring; Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 149
A-151
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EXPIRES 11/71
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1 730 M Street, N.'.V • Washington, D.C. • 2003S
TeleDnone(202) 381-4211 • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
GY-22793-4
r
U.S. DSPT. 0? AGRICULTURE
; AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
Hi: ATLANTIC ABSA
0022793
7806-12200
PROJECT TITLS.
ELECTHIC AND OTHER EQUIPMENT FOR PURIFICATION OF FARM UATE3 SUPPLIES
HE STONE
UNIV, CT TENNESSEE
O.S.C.A. A.GRTC, HES. SERVICE
«, Ct'MBEPLMID AVE, S,U,
SNOXVULE, TENNESSEE 37916
10/76 TO
FY.77
9/77
FUNDS UNKNOWN
OBJECTIVE) Evaluate selected procadures that will provide sanitary
domestic farm water of suitable flavor, ador, and color; develop
improved treatment procedures to produce potable water with minimum
chlorinationj devise techniques to treat septic tank affluent that will
eliminate health hazards and reduce b.o.d, where drain fislds are
inadequate,
APPPCACH! Install chlorinators, ultraviolet irradiation devices,
ozone generators, filters and ion exchange resins in combination to
treat water from typical farm sources and measure the effectiveness and
dependability of treatment procadures and system operation, Color,
flavor, and odor studies ara to 5a made at the Plateau Experiment
Station where such a problem exists. Samples af water from srcslem
areas in Piddle and Mast Tennessaa will ha transported to Xncxvuie for
analyses and use in developing new control methods, affluent from
septic tanks is to be treated in similar mnnner ior release to normal
drainage or spread over wide areas foe removal by Plant uptake and
evaporation,
PROGRESS) A programmed watac release system to simulate family
water USB was rut in operation, Mater flow through the ultraviolet
reaction chamber was at a rate of 7 gallons car minute, Total flow of
treated water was limited to 450 gallons per day. Total ccliform count
in the raw drainage water varied from 130000/100 ml to 400/iaO ml and
the facal coliform varied froa 60,000/100 ml to 100/100 ml, All tests
made by a commercial laboratory far total and fecal coliform in the UYi
treated water were negative. The cartridge filter in the system vas
inadequate and was replaced with a slow sand filter, which has proved
satisfactory to date. Laboratory tests on water samples from the
Crossville, TN, Experiment Station show that both ozone and chlorine
remove iron and manganese frou the water with 30 minute contact tine and
storage from 1700 one day to 0830 the next day, Tests on septic tank
effluent treatment ace not satisfactory to data,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH; Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 150
A-152
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1 730 M Street. N W. • Washington. D.C. • 20036
Telephone (202) 331-4211 * Telex 394S5
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT .
| SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION: SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION f;u Ma e R i s i:
;U,S. DEPT. OF ^PICULX'JHS 0013630
AGRICULTUSAL RESEARCH SSHYICE
- HAW, - N3V. AREA 52C2^12250-OC1
SS STCHAUGE AND MANAGEMENT IB CALIFORNIA
INVEST IGA.TOR(S); DEPART WENT ,'SPE<
JC 3IAKCHT WATER MGKT RES
HI KI
U.S. DEPT. OF AGalCULT'JBE 10/76 TO 9/77
SGFIC, 3E5, SS^VICE ?Y77 FUNDS UNKNOWN
2021 S. FS.iC:^ AV2.
FKPSMQ, CA1ITOPNIA 93727
i Cevelap and teat site selection and construction
techniques, Idiproved operation and maintair.ance procadures and other new
netncds for efficiently anrt economically preserving the storage
capabilities of groundiwatec reservoirs for high quality vater,
AFPPOACH: Conduct studies of water movement throuch stratified
alluviuis to the water table as related to the building and dissipation
of ground-water storage, the protection and regeneration of the
percolation Capacity of surface soils and exposed aguiters clogged with
suspended rcattsr found in surface waters, design and construction of
facilities (shafts., collectors, filter systems) to by-pass perching
layers and so r-axi.itize the recharge par unit of occupied area, control
of water quality consistant with ground water use, and tha physical-
eheiiiical interactions that can control surface soil, layer, ana aquifer
ity.
PHOCF"3S; OFS8AIJONALLY, LEAK I ACS'Sj to date has recharged in
excess of 53,700,000 BI . The caoitol nrojeet costs run 10,0^1 m and
operation costs iO,oOl/rc , The and of spreading recharge rate has not
shown clogging effects to te important. TILS COLL£CTOH-03ZP «£LL
INJECTION was put into operation at an injection rate af 1406 m /day
sustained over a 43 day period, This technique doubiad the areal
recharge rate of the pilot collection area, The water delivered meets
drinking water standards biologically, The turbidity remains high by
water standards but is decreasing,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 151
A-153
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SMITHSONIAN SCiEHCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1 730 M Street, N.W. • 0/asningron, D.C. * 2003G
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
GY.-13509-8
|U,S. DEPT, 0? Aa'ICULT'JHE 0013509
' AGHICUTTU3M, a'S&ASCH S33VICS
s Asaic. nss. CENTER 1109-11840-001
'FESTICIDF POLLL'TICH CF FA3MST3AD MATES 3'!??Lt2S If THE ftCS
SF JONES LIVEST EMC C PAS!* ST?UC HSS B3
U.S. 3??T. OF A3HICU1IUSIE 10/76 TC 9/77
AGPIC. EMGIM. SfiSEAHCH DIV, FY.77 FUNDS UNKNOWN
ri;lX?VILLi, ."AFYUJIC 20705
Q3JFCTIVS1 Ceveloo stethods for preventing pesticide contamination
of farmstead water supply systems,
^sjic £ jcf, . ne-cermine design characteristics for farmstead water
well construction, which will reduce the possibility of pesticide
contai!iin?tior.. These studies will include investigations cf selected
cases at jestiride contamination to laacn iteans of entry, concentration
and persistence of contamination. Davelos e<5UiPme"t and/or crocadares
:to elijiinate or reduce the risk of pesticides entering the system by
bacltsishor.a'je or cross-connections, Develop methods and techniques for
using, hand line and storing o* pesticides which will eliminate the
threat of contamination of the water system, This will include studies
of the pesticide equipment servicing area where filling, overflow,
spillage, leakage, drainage and washing practices may influence the
incidence of pesticide contamination,
Heavy rains in late March and early April 1974 produced
a share rise in graundwater levels on the long Farn, Washington County,
Maryland, Water in -ell '.'A IOC became quite turfcid. Sand, probably from
"ell '-lUCS over 160 feet away, was recovered in water samples from Wells
WAIOA and !"',UOC. A rocK-fillad site, '
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
iom 300 • 1730 M Scrsst, N.W. •Washington, O.C, -2
Te!eohone(202) 381-4211 . Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
S3 IE NUMBER
Room 300 • 1730 M Strsst, N.vV. •Washington, O.C. -20036 ; GY-*>306-3
Te!eohone(202) 381-4211 • Telex 89495 :
!y,S. 3F.3T, Of AGaiCUUUaS OOQ6306
COCPEHATIVF ST'TS SES. 3"RVICS
MEW ycSK NK-125457
"
NITHAT5S I? SQTLj»ATS3 AMD PLANTS
•1 ALSJCA!IC3S ACHOMOfr
PI MIM0 T T
CO"NiU "NIWHSITt 10/76 TC =3/77 S'J IT .SUPPORT
AGf:IC. SXPFSIIHNT STAriOM iT/7 sU'iDS UNKNOWN
ITHACA, "31* YC3K 14350
fPJFCTIVSi Determine tha biological .mechanisms ot oxidation of
nitrogen in soil and water, Detecnlaa and evaluate the significance of
factccs ?ffectirv3 the concantrati.on of nitrate in F
APPROACH! -licroaial products for^a.i in soiij water and in pure
culfjr? Curing nitritlcation or nitrate reduction, vuth particular
eiaphasis on n.itrosanines, will b^ identified, and the reaction
.^echanisrs will be eharactarizsd. The possibility of nitrcsaraine
formation froni tartiary and secondary amines will be explored. Sh.ort-
terra tests on Titrate uptake, accumulation and reduction 'oy clant
tissues ••'ill i«» conducted, and analysis vill be made oi key enzymes in
nitrogen ne tabclism in chotosynthetic and root tissues of plants,
Initially short-tar1" nutrient solution axperinants (up to 2
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NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE | ^^
Room 300 • 1730 M Street. N.'.V 'Washington, O.C. • 20036 ; GU^-917
Telephone 1202) 381-4211 • Telex 89495 '
'0,S, DHPT, OF THE
CFFICi CF VATSE SES, ii TECH,
B-119-HO
PROJECT TITUS:
HIGH SFSFC LIQUID CHEOMATOGSAPH? AS AN S^VIHONMENTAL -1CMITCR OF
''ON-VOLATUS 03GANIC POLLUTANTS IN HAT7S (ASBHEV)
C?
CY rc
INVESTIGATOR (3 |:
UNIV. cy ;:i3SOi:3T
ENVI'OK. TSA<"2 SUB. 3ES, CTS,
'»Z7 CLA3X «A1L
UIII 652C1
7/76 TO 6/77 MULT.SUPPORT
FY76 FUNDS 429,761
The proro.= ed research is directed towards the development of a
systematic rird sequential method of analysis of the non-volatile organic
pollutants lr water. The method will be used to monitor the quality of
water during tha various stagas of water treatment.
The analytical metnod to ba developed is ained to detect the
caticniCj anioric.i polar and non-polar organic chemicals. The main
approaches are separations into classes hy column chromatoorapny and
then analysis of the individual components in each class by highly
efficient, high speed liquid chromatograchy. Various nodes of
analytic?! liquid chromatography will ba used,
The investigation will start with laboratory Pilot testing using
model compounds tc mafce simulated contaminated water. Then actual field
samples win be analyzed: (11 primary or secondary efiluentsj (2)
finished vaterj (3) samples at various stages of water treat-sent.
The overall project will be evaluated in two ways. First/ the
scientific accuracy and precision of the high speeu liauid
chro^atocraphy as analytical tecnniqua and monitoring system, Second,
the evaluation of the quality of finished water in a tyoical municipal
treatment.
ATDrcDA! This prcject is also suoported by: Missouri state
Government.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 154
A-156
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30 a ?JO, 103
SWtTHSOHIAII SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1 730 M Street. N W. • Wasningion, O.C. • 20036
Telephone (202) 381-4211 .TslexS9495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
GIJY-315
|U,S. DE?T. OF TH? IMTERIOa
Ci'FICS OF KAT2? 5£S. £ 7EC.M,
A-C39iORE
PROJECT TITLS:
'SUBSURFACE SKWA5E DISPOSAL - SURVIVAL AMP THANSLOCATION OF FECAL
PACTErtlA IN SELECTED TERRACE SOILS ADJACENT TO THS HULAi'ETTl VALLSI
INVSSTIGATQR(S J:
CS C HAGEP05!!
ps.qioo ran
OHEGCN STATE UNIVERSITY
SCHCCL CF CCISSCE
I.TKBS HALL
C3BGOH 07331
7/76 TC
6/77 HUH.SUPPORT
FUMOS 57^692
PROJECT SUMMARY:
The objectives of this research proposal include: a) Investigating
the reverent of fecal californs, fecal streptococci and salmcneilag
through ?elected soils which 1) are located on terraces adjacent to tiie
floor cf the Willamette Valley., 2) becom? saturated tor brief intervals
during periods of heavy rainfallj and 1) represent possible locations
for horesites iising standard septic tan< and drainfield disposal systems
provided that around water contamination problems can fie avoided. S)
Determining survival of the three iacterial indicators in the selected
soils un^er saturated conditions with respect to vhich an crganisrc ?.oveg
through the soils the quickest, in the largest nupcsrs and survives the
longest reriods of time. This will also involve assessing which of the
bacterial parameters is nost suita&ie to use in terns cf reliability as
an ir,dic?tor organist" for exanininc the Degree of successful operation
of stanaarc! di5posal systems already installed in the reqicn under
investigation, e) Evaluating the ootantial for novament in the around
water an^ subsequent health hazards through contamination cf water
supplies ty feeal microorganisms which escape from septic tank
drainfields in the sells under investigation during periods cf soil
saturation.
ACDF:;OA:
Government,
This project is also supported by: Oregon State
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
ng.qrBTTTTnM MTIMRFP- iss ,
A-157
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SMITHSONIAN SC1EHCE INFOHWATiilN EXCHANGE
)om 300 • 1730 M Street, M.'-V. -VVasningTon, D C. •
Telephone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 33-195
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJEC
Room 300 • 1730 M Street, M.'-V. -VVasningTon, D C. • 20035 | GUY.-7 3 5
Teleohone (202! 381-4211 • Telex 33-195 '
U.S. CZST. OF TH? TvITiI!ICS A-057-A1A
CFFICE OF 'JATS3 HES. £ TSCH,
ISCL'TTOr! AVC IDENTIFICATION OF ODOROUS ^3TA30LITES OF AQUATIC
STiS THAT jiiiiOEB DRINKING MATTB U!I?ALATA3LS
INVesTlOATOR(3 J: OESP A RTMVS NT /SPECIALTY:
JC SEETE BOTANY £ MICSOPIOLOGY
»T F L E VI !f ?
a'JSN UMYEPSITY 10/76 TO 9/77 a 'JLT, SUPPORT
SCHUTL OF AGRICULT'JtiE i'Y77 FUNGS iL5,143
SUHUBSj »LA3irtA 36030
The objectives of tha proposad rasaarcfi are to: I) aeveloc methods
for the isolation^ purification; and analysis or cdsmus iretaEolites of
aquatic acti^o^YceteSJ and 2) to identify the chemical nature °f the
odocous retatolitesj other than Tsosmi.i,, of certain aquatic
actinopycet.as that represent potential contaminants to drinking -water.
The organisms will ba grown in la'r>re batch cultures and sufficient
quantities of cdcrous compounds will he accumulated for analysis and
other USPS. T'-'e odorous compounds will te i?ol.ated from the neaimn by
vacu-jn aj stiila tier . ?reli3iinar? sample cle^.n up "rcced'!r<=s include
silica gpl ard alumina column chramatooruphy while sere sochisticatad
analytical instrumentation will Se employed to develop methods for
isolation of the odorous ^letafaolitas which include gas-liquid
chronatocraphy and high pressure liquid chror'atoaraphy. The compounds
will te identified by combined spectroscopic niathocs that include DVj
ISj "S an;) \-«S.
A^i!:?'D5.: This project is also supported by: Auburn University.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 156
A-158
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFOHMAT10H EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1 730 M Street, N.W. • Washington. O.C. • 200:5
Telephone (202) 381-1211 'Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJE
tXPIRE^ | |; 7fl
GUI-740
•U,S. DEPT, OF TH"
PFFICS OF 'JATSS 3ES. S TSCH.
il
Tic-N AV;D ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC POLICI OPTIONS AFFECTING sum ;JATSS
3Um*,,,IN TH? SOUTHEASTERN STATES
INVEST 1C ATGH\S):
y- cox
VIRGINIA soil. rist. & 5". u,
MATE? PESOHHCSS HESEAHCH CTS.
^usai'ss HALL
G, VIRGINIA 2406L
7/76 TO 6/77
TinCS UNKNOWN
T^e pronoped research is to identify the components of the rural
dri.iXi.ng «at = r problsm and to analyze the elsnents of public 5 = licy in
the southsastarn cagiori of the United States wsich i.^pinoa on the
vacisus aspects of the general problen). This vill provide an expanded
information bass for further policy development and iT.Plesientation of
necessarv remedial prograns. Specific project objectives include tha
follovin-3: (1) Determination of the prasent status of rural drinking
water in tha study area in terss of source of water, reliability of
these sources, the incidence and significance gf disease attributable to
poor -Irinfctnn vates, and tha relationship of adequate arin^ing water to
economic dev%lcpneriti anvironmental quality, and social well being. (2)
Identification and evaluation of the laws and ^d.ninistrative structure
ispactinc on the rural water supply at the federal level and each of the
states and territories in the southeast region, (3) Analyze and
evaluate existing data with respect to econoi"ia factors and social
parameters concerning *he feasibility of various alternative rural watar
supply systems.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 157
A-159
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EXPIRES 1 1/75
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1730 .VI Street. M.VV • Wasnington, D.C. • 20036
Telepnone(202) 381 4211 "Telex 394S5
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
GUY-65 3
U.S. DE?T, OF
Ci'FICi: C?
OSTING OPGANIZ
IHTS3IOS
H£S. i TECH.
A-Q51-NJ
BICCKi.MCAL°?l'c;TiFICANCE OF ARSENICAL POLLL'TANTS IN A POTASLi
CH SC FAUST
«» CLSMKKT
ENVISONMSNTAL ?CIE"C"
RUTUE3S TH" ST*TZ UNIV?asiTX
SCHOOL OF ARTS £ SCI^.HCSS
CLC ^l'SEv:S 3.1CG.
'lili; ?HU;(SVICK, NEW JESSE* 03903
7/76 TU
?Y76
6/77 tliJLT . SUPPOSE
FUS;DS S3, 628
Naturally occurring vastawater and sasticidal arsenic cccicounda
pose a tireat to h'jmsn Health and comfort, This research rccpcses to
exanine r he chs-^ical and biolooical significance of acsanical coaoounds
in a fresh vater system under laboratory ar.d field ccr.aiticns. A ,najor
concarn will he the conditions under which arsenic is released into the
vatar phase *nt the concentrations that are achieved. One faature of
this project is the utilization of natural experiments of a :
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PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Water Supply Identification and Measurement
Comprehensive Assessment of Organics in
Drinking Water
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Unknown
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Radian Corp.
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
To characterize the chemicals in drinking water that are not
addressed by presently used survey methods.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
159
A-161
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
iom 300 • I 730 M Street. N.W. -Washington, O.C. • 2
Telephone (202) 331-4211 • Telex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Room 300 • I 730 M Street. N.W. .Washington, O.C. "20036 | GMA-3239
Telephone (202) 331-4211 -Telex 39495 i
JO.S. EKYIBOM, PROTECTION AGY,. aao^-JOU 01
E OP "ESEABCH £ DEV,
PROJECT T1Tt.fi:
A SATISHAL STATISTICAL ASSESSMENT OF DOHTSTIC SU«AL MATES
INVESTIGATOR (S): 3EPAHTMSNTf SPEC1 ALT1
JC FHA'tCIS 3UBAI SOCIOLOGY
H? CAPSI'B0
DJ JLI.E?.
.IS FALL 'JNIV. OF NEBRASKA
^5 JEWELL
PSRFOSMING ORGANIZATION. r>£H1OD F O rt TMI5 NRP.
COFHFLI !'WlV.=:a?I7Y 7/76 TO 6/77
SCHOOL r-T AG»IC. £ LIFE SCI, FY76 FUNDS
TT"AC?j »'SV YORK 1,4850
In roca^bpr 177^ the Safe Drinking ~'ater Act was Passad SY Congress
(P.L, 93-523). The Act required the Envircmantal Protection Agency to
"conduct a survey of the drinjiins "atar situation in rural areas." Under
a grant contract a research team based at Cornell University will
develop a conceptual fraroevor* for inplananting the national stydy. The
survey will sarjle users (households) and sunsliers, A multi-step.,
multi-stage stratified area proiability sample will yield data
descriptive sr states, rations and a national profile of water quality.,
quantity, avail ability, dependability anH affordaiility, The study is
projected OVPC a periofl 01 two years { 19'*6"l
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1730 M Street. N.W. -Washington, O.C. • 2C036
Telephone 1202) 381-4211 • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
33 IE NUMBER
ZPE-11929
U.S. SME?GY S3S. £ DEV, ADMN,
BICHEBIC.U £ 231V, 3ES. DIV,
CONTRACT
!PLAS!'A SSTSHAS? ALTERATIONS IN «ICE FEO CARCINOGENS AND/OH TH£ FOOD
AOClTIVBj BHT
1NVESTIGATQR{S I
at
NK CLA??
U.S. EHK3GY ?SS. £ DEV. ADMIN.
o.lCLCGY DIVISION
P.C. SOX X
CAK SIDGFj TSNNESSES 37830
7V 7 5 TC 6/74
FY76 FUNDS UNKNOWN
Ssterases ITS a divergent., complex 5teuP af enzy.nes. They ara
cf hyrtrolyzing such Physiologically varied compounds as local
anesthetics, arrseir.a, opiates, acetylsalicylie acid, anc! steroids.
While studies have characterized a variety of mammalian estsrases,
few have successfully demonstrated the use of plasma esterases in
as.sessino response to carcinogens and/or toxins.
We undertook electrophoratic analysis of plasma astarases in mice
fed -iiety-ylnitrosamine (DEN) and butylated hYdroxytolaene OHT), singly
or in coi-Sination, to detect their early physiologic alfects. One group
of HALB/c nice vas continuously fed chow containing C.75% EHT, A second
was fed FHT and given CEtl (total dose appreximately 330 mg/!cg 3H) in
drinking vater for 7 waeks, A third group was given DtN alone, and a
fourth was untreated. Mice ware necropsted after 10, 20 and ^a weeksi
grsuLTS: Plasma esterasa changes were apparent in BAlB/c nice
after fepdina *-.hem laboratory chow with C,75^ of the antioxidant "sH
added, ?sterase changes, different from those in BHT-treated animals,
were also aprarant in plasma of nice during exposure to the carcingoen
DSK. Interference with these DEN esterise alterations was apparent in
Plasma of mice treated concomitantly with both DtN and BHT.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring; Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 161
A-163
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Study Occurrence and Significance of
Togigenic Algae in Open Finished Water
Reservoirs
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Lippy
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Not specified
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
Complete follow-up study of the Sewickley, Pa. waterborne
epidemic, examining and comparing raw water supplies, open finished
water reservoirs and tap water.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
162
A-164
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Sample Selected Water Supplies for the
Occurrence of Yersinia enterocolitica
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
EPA
Burns
EPA
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
Evaluation of media and methods used in the isolation of Yersinia;
detect effect of competition with other organisms; determine recovery
success of different isolation mediums.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Measurement and Monitoring
163
A-165
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE:
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Virus-ColifDrm Ratios in Water
EPA
Brashear
EPA
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
Determine relationship between Coliform counts and number of
viruses. Determine if viruses adhere to particulate matter.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Measurement and Monitoring
164
A-166
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Longitudinal Study of Colifroms and
Viruses in a Water Supply - Raw and
Treated
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
EPA
Akin
EPA
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
Analysis of weekly samples of Lexington, Missouri, finished
water, including cell culture system analysis.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Measurement and Monitoring
165
A-16 7
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Occurrence of Viruses in Drinking Water
Supplies
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
EPA
Akin
EPA
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
Continuing monitor of viruses in water supplies with emphasis on
marginally and untreated supplies.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Measurement and Monitoring
166
A-168
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Effect of Organic Chemicals on Aquiclude
Materials
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
EPA
Unknown
EPA
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
To determine the effe'ct of industrial wastes containing organic
solvents on the permeability of clay liners in lagoons.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Measurement and Monitoring
167
A-169
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Bioorganic Indicators of Ground Water
Pollution
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
EPA
Unknown
EPA
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
Study possible biochemical and organic chemical indicators of
subsurface pollution.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Measurement and Monitoring
168
A-170
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Use of Stable Isotopes in Ground Water
Studies
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
EPA
Unknown
EPA
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
To develop the technology of using the stable isotope ratios of
nitrogen to identify the source of ground-water contamination.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Measurement and Monitoring
169
A-171
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Accumulation and Passage of Pollutants
in Domestic Septic Tank Disposal Fields
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Unknown
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Texas A&M University
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
To provide information concerning the nature and fate in the
subsurface environment of pollutants released into the earth's
crust in domestic septic tank disposal fields.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Environmental Transport
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
170
A-172
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Water Supply Identification and Measurement -
Develop and Improve Technique for Concen-
trating and Separating Organics from Drinking
Water
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
EPA
Unknown
EPA
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
To develop and improve techniques for concentrating and separating
organics from drinking water.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Measurement and Monitoring
171
A-173
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE:
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Recovery of Pesticides
EPA
Unknown
Susquehanna* University
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
Determine methods of extracting haloforms from water, and to
specifically compare the purge and trap method with the liquid-
liquid extraction method.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRITPION
NUMBER:
Measurement and Monitoring
172
A-174
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Electron Microscopy Analysis Support to
Herl Projects
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
EPA
Millette
EPA
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
Use scanning electron microscope analysis to support Herl projects
concerning asbestos, Giardia cysto, and red blood cell structure after
chlorite contact.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Measurement and Monitoring
173
A-175
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE:
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Feasibility of Study of Duluth Exposure
EPA
McCabe
Minnesota Department of Health
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
Conduct follow-up study of the health effects of lowering the
asbestos exposure in drinking water following the construction of
a new water treatment plant.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Health Effects
174-
A-176
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Support to Water Supply Division -
MERL Asbestos-Cement Pipe Studies
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
EPA
Millette
EPA
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
Train MERL intern in all phases of asbestos sample preparation
and electron microscopy analysis.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Measurement and Monitoring
175
A-17 7
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Identification of Non-asbestos Fibers
Occurring in Drinking Water
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
EPA
Millette
EPA
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
Use reference materials to aid in identifying unknown particles
in water.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Measurement and Monitoring
176
A-178
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Asbestos Exposure in Connecticut
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Millette
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Sample and analyze Connecticut water samples for asbestos.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 177
A-179
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Sampling and Analysis of Municipal Water
Supplies Using Asbestos-Cement Pipe in
Connecticut
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Millette
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Connecticut State Department of Health
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Sample and analyze municipal waters for asbestos.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 173
A-180
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Epidemiological Study of Use of Asbestos-
Cement Pipe in Connecticut
•$•
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Craun
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Investigate the use of A-C pipe for public water supply and the
incidence of gastrointestinal cancer in Connecticut.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 179
A-181
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Effects of Sized Asbestos Fibers on Cellular
DNA, Membrane Structure-Function, Intermediary
Metabolism, and Cellular Transformation by
Physical, Chemical, or Viral Coarcinogen
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: R. C. Tardiff
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Ohio State University
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
To determine the effects of asbestos on DNA, cell membranes, inter-
mediary metabolism, and cellular transformation using human diploid
fibroblasts, peritoneal macrophage cultures, and other types of cells.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Health Effects
180
A-182
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Asbestos and G.I. Tract Cancer: Cell Culture
Studies
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: R. G. Tardiff
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Naylor-Dana Inst. for Disease Prevention,
American Health Fed.
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
To determine the toxic and mutagenic effects of asbestos on the
colon using mouse mucosal cells.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 181
A-183
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: The Carcinogenic Properties of Orally Ingested
Asbestos in Animal Models
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA and HEW
PROJECT OFFICER: R. G. Tardiff
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Hazelton Labs and ITT Research Institute
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
To study the carcinogenic properties of crysotile, amosite, tremolite,
and croccidolite, and to characterize their chemical and physical prop-
erties .
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Haalth Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 182
A-184
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Determine. Minimal Oral Infectious Dose
of Human Enterovlrus from Water
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Not provided.
EPA
Hamblet
Univeristy of Wisconsin
Dr. D'Alessio
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Health. Effects.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
183
A-185
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Effectiveness of Activated Carbon for Re-
moval of Toxic and/or Carcinogenic Components
from Drinking Water
(Effectiveness of Activated Carbon for Re-
moval of Toxic and/or Carcinogenic Compounds
from Water Supplies)
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: Alan A. Stevens
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
The University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104
Walter J. Weber, Jr., Prof, of Environmental
and Water Resources Engineering, Department
of Civil Engineering, Principal Investigator;
Massoud Perbazari, Research Associate
4/76 - 7/79
Est. FY 77 - $100K
The complex problem of trace organics contaminants in water
supplies can be broadly divided into two major categories:
1) naturally occurring organic substances that are transformed to
potentially more harmful species by water treatment operations such
as chlorination; and 2) compounds of industrial, agricultural, and
other man-related origin that are now indigenous to many raw water
supplies and which resist removal by conventional water treatment
practice.
Substantial effort is being directed by the USEPA to resolution
of problems associated with the first category of compounds; one
potential solution is to use activatee carbon treatment in advance
of chlorination to eliminate the precursor compounds. The proposed
research will be directed to removal of the second category of con-
taminants on a long term continuous basis, to the effects that other
major water treatment operations have on this effectiveness, and to
quantification of the associated adsorption dynamics to facilitate
optimum design and application methodology.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 184
A-186
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Effect of Reactivation in the Performance
of Granual Activated Carbon
(Evaluating the Use of Granular Activated
Carbon in the Treatment of Drinking Water)
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
EPA, Water Supply Research Division
0. Thomas Love, Jr.
Passaic Valley Water Commission
Little Falls, New Jersey
Wendell R. Inhoffer, General Superintendent
and Chief Engineer, Principal Investigator
11/76 - 11/78
FY 77 - $125K
The installation, handling, and performance of granular activated
carbon in the treatment of drinking water will be evaluated on a full
scale. The following parameters will be monitored before and after
on-site reactivation using an electrically powered infrared furnace:
TOG, FRM, UV, trihalomethanes, Specific organics (to be selected by
the contractor), total organic chlorine, phenol number, iodine number,
and apparent densities.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 185
A-187
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Powdered Activated Carbon for Organic
Removal
(Evaluation of Techniques and Economics in
Removing Trace Organic Compounds from the
New Orleans Water Supply)
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: Jack DeMarco
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Sewerage and Water Board of New Orleans
New Orleans, Louisiana
PROJECT STAFF: G. Joseph Sullivan, General Supt., Sewerage
and Water Board of New Orleans, Principal
Investigator; Dr. John L. Laseter, Chairman,
Dept. of Biological Sciences, University
of New Orleans, and Dr. David C. Day, Roy
F. Weston Project Manager, Co-Investigators
PROJECT DATES: 6/76 - 11/78
FUNDING LEVEL: FY 77 - $0
PROJECT SUMMARY:
The objectives of the research project are as follows:
1. to determine if altering the present method of chlorination or
treating with powdered carbon and/or ozone followed by chlorin-
ation will reduce the formation of certain chlorinated organic
compounds;
2. to evaluate on bench and pilot scale the use of powdered activated
carbon and ozone, separately and in combination for removal of
the trace organics;
3. to learn more about the occurrence of trace organics in raw water,
when and where formed in processing, and how they can be removed
or modified as the water passes through the Carrollton plant;
4. to prepare a process design and conceptual cost estimate for
modifying the Carrollton plant to reduce the organics to an
acceptable level;
5. to evaluate non-volatile TOG, UV absorbance and emission fluor-
escence as possible control parameters for use by treatment
plant operators.
The study will be conducted using bench scale experiments to
determine factors such as best carbons to use, effective dose
rates of carbon or ozone and points of application. Pilot scale
studies will then be designed to operate a continuous flow system.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 186
A-188
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Synthetic Resin Treatment for Organic
Removal
(Removing Organic Contaminants from Ground
Water to Prevent Formation of Potential
Carcinogens in Drinking Water)
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: Jack DeMarco
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Dade County Department of Public Health
Miami, Florida
Daniel F. Jackson, Principal Investigator;
Richard A. Morgan, Jr., Project Manager;
Jerry F. Tools, Chemist; David R. Barker,
Chemist
6/76 - 3/78
FY 77 - $65K
1. Objectives: To devise feasible and economic methodology for
removing existing organic contaminants from ground water and/or
prevent development of potential carcinogens in the public water
supplies in Dade County, Fla.
2. Approach; Various types of activated carbons as well as macro-
reticulated resins will be evaluated to see which of these is
the most efficient and most economical to use in removing organic
contaminants from drinking water.
3. Current progress: The Drinking Water Quality Laboratory, School
of Technology, Florida International University, Miami, Florida,
has been using the Tracor 222 gas chromatograph to study chloro-
form content in waters from the Preston Water Treatment Plant in
Dade County, Florida. The results of these studies are in
Report #1, "Variations in the Chloroform Content of Waters from
the John E. Preston Water Treatment Plant, Hialeah, Florida."
Report #1 is from the Drinking Water Quality Laboratory at
Florida International University, Miami, Florida.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Control Technology
187
A-189
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Macroreticular Resins for Organic Removal
(Removal of Trace Organics from Water Using
Activated Carbon and Polymeric Adsorbents)
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: 0. Thomas Love, Jr.
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: American Water Works Association Research
Foundation
Denver, Colorado
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Charles Oulman, Principal Investigator;
Michael J. Taras, Project Manager, John
T. O1Conner and Vernon L. Snoeyink, Project
Leaders
6/76 - 6/78
FY 77 - $0
On the basis of bench scale studies and other available performance
data, polymeric adsorbents will be selected for use in pilot scale
post filtration adsorbers to determine the effectiveness of synthetic
resins to:
• remove tase and odor compounds;
• remove trihalomethanes;
• perform through multiple inplace regneration cycles.
An economic evaluation will be made on the use of resins as a unit
treatment process based on the pilot scale performance.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 188
A-190
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Chlorine Dioxide and Granular Activated
Carbon Treatment for Organic Removal
(Prevention of Formation and/or Removal of
Halogenated Organics Using Chlorine
Dioxide and Granular Carbon"
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: Jack DeMarco
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Evansville, Indiana, Waterworks Department
Evansville, Indiana
PROJECT STAFF: Donald A. Mills, Evansville Waterworks
PROJECT DATES: 10/76 - 10/79
FUNDING LEVEL: FY 77 - $192K
PROJECT SUMMARY:
a. To develop a water treatment process, using chlorine dioxide as a
disinfectant and evaluate the resultant production of trihalo-
methanes as compared to chlorine disinfection.
b. To determine if other organic by-products are formed when using
chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant as contrasted to chlorine
disinfection.
c. To remove halogenated organic compounds existing in raw water
supplies by using granular activated carbon beds.
d. To determine the economic feasibility of using chlorine dioxide
alone or chlorine dioxide and granular carbon in full size water
treatment plants.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 189
A-191
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
"Minimizing the Formation of Trihalomethanes
(THM) Compounds in a Lime Softening Treat-
ment Plant"
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Leown Moore
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Water & Air Research, Inc.
Gainesville, Florida
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Ed Singley, Principal Investigator;
Tim Brodeur, Engineer
5/76 - 7/76
Unknown
This was a project of short duration and has been completed. The
study was run at the Daytona Beach Treatment Plant where lime softening
of a colored water is practiced. The average flow treated during this
study was approximately 6 mgd. The main objectives of this study were:
1. To determine the quantity of THM compounds produced when the
initia point of chlorination is shifted from raw water chlori-
nation to settled water and, finally, to filtered water chlori-
nation.
2. To examine these chlorination effects both with and without
recarbonation.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Control Technology
190
A-192
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Effect of Rural Runoff on Trihalomethane
Formation
(Preventing Haloform Formation in Drinking
Water)
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: 0. Thomas Love, Jr.
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: South Dakota School of Mines and Technology
Rapid City, South Dakota (Work conducted
at Huron, South Dakota)
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Leland L. Harms, Principal Investigator;
Robert W. Looyenga, Co-investigator
4/77 - 7/78
FY 77 - $75K
The objectives of the proposed study are to (1) study the use
of chloramines as a disinfectant on a full-scale water treatment
process in order to reduce the total haloform concentration, (2)
establish reasons for haloform aftergrowth within the distribution
system, (3) identify the primary source of precursors, and (4)
substantially reduce the bromodichloromethane concentration in the
finished water. Laboratory and field work will be conducted to
evaluate the disinfection capabilities of the chloramines in conjunc-
tion with the reduction of halogenated hydrocarbons. The treatment
process and the distribution system will be monitored.
Variations in raw water quality will be associated with potential
haloform formation in the drinking water. Physical, chemical, and
bacteriological quality will be monitored as well as hydrologic
information. Special attention will be directed during periods of
surface runoff to ascertain precursor contributions from non-point
sources of pollution.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 191
A-19 3
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Modification of Water Treatment to Reduce
Trihalomethane Formation
(Organic Substances in the Ohio River and
Associated Water Supplies)
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: Walter Feige
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission
(ORSANCO)
Cincinnati, Ohio
PROJECT STAFF: William Razor, Principal Investigator;
Richard Milnner, Co-investigator
PROJECT DATES: 10/76 - 1/79
FUNDING LEVEL: FY 77 - $100K
PROJECT SUMMARY:
This project is designed to complement USEPA studies of organic
materials in public water supplies and water supply sources throughout
the country. Specific objectives are: 1. to conduct plant-scale
evaluations of the influence of various water treatment processes, or
modifications of those processes, on the removal of organic materials
from the river water and the formation or removal of halogenated
hydrocarbons; 2. to evaluate the effect of present processes for
public water supply treatment on the organics in the treated water
and the influence of seasonal and other variations in the type and
concentration of organic compounds in the Ohio River on the organics
in the treated water. With the cooperation and financial support of
some public water supply utilities using the Ohio River or major
tributaries as the source of water, periodic raw and finished water
samples, gas chromatograph analysis of purgeable and solvent extract
portions will be utilized for detection of organic materials. Treat-
ment processes in selected plants will be modified and process samples
will also be analyzed for organics. GC/MS equipment will be used
for identification of individual compounds. Total and fecal coliform
and total bacterial densities will be determined during all plant
modification studies to insure that the bacteriological quality of
the water is not adversely affected.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 192
A-194
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Chlorination of Aquatic Humic Substances
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: Aaron A. Rosen
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
School of Public Health
PROJECT STAFF: Russell F. Christman, Principal Investigator;
Co-principal Investigators: J. Donald
Johnson, Philip C. Singer, Frederic K.
Pfaender, Charles R. O'Melia
PROJECT DATES: 7/76 - 7/79
FUNDING LEVEL: FY 77 - $112K
PROJECT SUMMARY:
The objectives of this research project are to a) establish the
relative contribution to total trihalomethane production of natural
aqueous humic material in waters from different sources, b) character-
ize the chemical nature of the reactions that occur between chlorine
and aqueous humic materials derived from the several classes of lignin
precursors and covering a range of molecular weights, and c) assess
the water treatment implications of prechlorination of humic-containing
waters with respect to the formation of trihalomethanes and other
chlorinated organic species. The experimental approach includes
laboratory chlorination studies and GC/MS identification of reaction
products with different natural humic waters and various model humic
structures. A wide range of model organic compounds representative
of natural humic material will be chlorinated over a range of pH,
chlorine to carbon ratios, and temperatures representative of con-
ditions in water treatment plant operations. Trihalomethanes and
total organic chlorine concentrations will be measured. Humic
fractions extracted from raw water supplies will also be chlorinated,
in the presence and absence of surfaces and treated in the same manner
as the model compounds.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 193
A-19 5
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: "Identification of Major and Minor Classes
in Natural Organic Substances Found in
Drinking Water"
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: C. Trichilo
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Georgia Institute of Technology
Atlanta, Georgia
PROJECT STAFF: Steven Havlicek, Principal Investigator
PROJECT DATES: May 1977 - Dec. 1978
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
The purpose of this contract is to (a) carry out chemical and
physical characterization of natural organic substances found in
drinking water, (b) to evaluate the effect of disinfectants, adsor-
bents, and other methods of water treatment of these substances.
The work will be in three major areas.
1. Identification and structural determination of major and minor
classes of natural substances such as fulvic acid in drinking
water. The levels of these compounds present in raw and finished
drinking water will also be determined.
2. A comprehensive study of the reaction of natural organics with
disinfectants such as chlorine, ozone, and chlorine dioxide will
be performed and reaction products will be identified. The
effect of pH, material concentration, turbidity, and disinfectant
concentration on the reaction rate and the nature of the reaction
products will also be studied.
Attention will be given to mass balance of the disinfectant.
3. The efficiency of granular activated carbon, other adsorbents,
as well as treatment techniques in removing organic contaminants
will also be studied.
It is anticipated the above study will assist in defining conditions
to minimize the formation of toxic organic compounds in drinking water
during the disinfection process.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 194
A-196
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: The Sources of Halogenated Materials in an
Urbanized Water Supply
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: Alan A. Stevens
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Department of Environmental Sciences
Cook College
Rutgers University
New Brunswick, New Jersey
PROJECT STAFF: Dr. J. V. Hunter, Research Professor,
Dept. of Environmental Science, Principal
Investigator; Tom Sabatino, Research
Associate
PROJECT DATES: 5/76 - 5/78
FUNDING LEVEL: Est. FY 77 - $30K
PROJECT SUMMARY:
The objectives of this study are to determine the nature and
concentrations of the halogenated organics already present in the
water supply and how these are influenced by chlorination, and to
evaluate the relative importance of the various sources of both
halogenated and halogenateable organics.
The river selected is the Passaic River in northern New Jersey
which is a water supply source but receives significant pollutants.
A number of sampling stations will be established on the river and
its major tributaries and correlated with the water intake and treat-
ment quality. These water samples will be examined for their halo-
genated organic contents before and after chlorination. In addition,
stormwater, combined sewage overflows, rainwater, and municipal and
industrial treatment plant discharges will be similarly examined.
Separation techniques will involve extraction volatilization or
adsorption. Identification will be made through GC-mass spectrographic
analysis, and quantitation through GC analysis using an electrolytic
conductivity detector.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Environmental Transport
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 195
A-19 7
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Status of Ozonation and Chlorine Dioxide
Technologies for Treatment of Municipal
Water Supplies
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: J. Keith Carswell
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Public Technology, Inc.
1140 Connecticut Ave., N.W.
Washington, D.C.
PROJECT STAFF: G. Wade Miller, Project Manager and
Principal Investigator
PROJECT DATES: 6/76 - 11/77
FUNDING LEVEL: FY 77 - OK
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Public Technology, Inc., in cooperation with the American Water
Works Association Research Foundation and the National Well Water
Association, will conduct a fact finding, state-of-the-art survey
of municipal water treatment practices involving the use of ozone and
chlorine dioxide overseas, in Canada, and those installations that
are operating in the United States:
The objectives are to document specific data on the known appli-
cation of ozone and chlorine dioxide for drinking water treatment,
including data on engineering design, effectiveness, health and safety
aspects, and costs of use of both chemicals. For ozone, specific
emphasis will be placed on documenting what is currently known and
practiced on the use of ozone for removing dissolved organic materials
prior to the disinfection step, and on identification of oxidation
products formed by treatment with ozone. In the case of chlorine
dioxide, information will be gathered related to costs, methods of
application, problems, successes, methods of analysis, and by-product
formation. Also, a compilation of plants that use C/0- both as a
disinfectant and for taste and odor control will be made.
The project will be one year in duration and will consist of
identifying existing facilities worldwide currently employing ozonation
A-198
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or chlorine dioxide as part of their water treatment process. In-
formation will be gathered by questionnaire and by site visits to
selected facilities in Europe, Canada, Japan, and the United States.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 196
A-19 9
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Oxidation of Water Supply Refractory Species
by Ozone with Ultraviolet Radiation
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: J. Keith Carswell
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Institute of Applied Sciences
North Texas University
Denton, Texas
PROJECT STAFF: Dr. William H. Glaze, Director, Institute
of Applied Sciences, Project Manager and
Principal Investigator
PROJECT DATES: 9/76 - 8/79
FUNDING LEVEL: FY 77 - $74K
PROJECT SUMMARY:
This project will:
a. Investigate the feasibility for the removal of certain re-
fractory organic compounds from water at the concentration
levels such compounds are often found in raw and treated
drinking water supplies. The method to be explored consists
of oxidation with ozone/oxygen or ozone/air in the presence
of ultraviolet radiation;
b. determine the rates of oxidation of such compounds under
various reactor conditions, i.e., intensity of ultraviolet
radiation, temperature, concentration, etc;
c. determine by MS/GC the intermediate and final oxidation/
photolysis products which are formed from the 0 /UV treatment
of a series of appropriate compounds including: halomethane
precursors (humic acids) halomethanes, including particularly
chloroform, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, polychlorinated
biphenyls, and other selected organics which occur in natural
and treated waters;
d. evaluate the feasibility of utilizing ozone/UV treatment as
a practical means of removing refractory organics from water,
and establish the design parameters for the process at an
appropriate scale.
UF KJtiSjiAJs.Cn: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 197
A-200
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U.S ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Investigation of Mutagenic Effects of Inter-
mediate Products by Ozone and Chlorine
Dioxide in Water
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Joseph A. Cotruvo
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Stanford Research Institute
PROJECT STAFF: Dr. Ron Spanggord, Principal Investigator;
Dr. Vince Simmon, Staff
PROJECT DATES: - 12/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
The objective of this project is to investigate the mutagenic
characteristics of several organic contaminants upon ozonation. or
treatment by chlorine dioxide in drinking water as studied by in
vitro mutagenic assays using bacteria and yeast.
In the ozonation study of the 29 compounds investigated, 7 were
mutagenic after ozonation. Ethanol, nitrilotriacetic acid, glycerol,
benzidine, hydroquinone, and phenol showed moderate to weak mutagenic
activity in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae D3 yeast system, and 1,1-
diphenylhydrazine, ethanol, glycerol, and benzidine showed moderate
to weak activity in two Salmonella typhimurium strains.
The mutagenic activity resulting from ozonation of ethanol can
be attributed to the formation of hydroperoxides, which as a class
tend to show both toxic and mutagenic properties in S_. cerevisiae D3.
Hydroperoxides also may form during the ozonation of glycerol.
Benzidine, which is a known mutagen when metabolically activated
(post-mitochondrial liver homogenate) in Salmonella, showed mutagenic
activity without activation after ozonation. This result is important
because in the yeast system, _S_. cerevisiae, benzidine showed no
activity before ozonation, even in the presence of the metabolic acti-
vation, but did show activity in post-ozonated solutions.
A-201
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The work on chlorine dioxide is in progress. Compounds studied
so far include benzidine hydrochloride, benzene, humic acid, phenol
hydrozinone, caffeine, urea, thymine, NTA and diphenylhydrozine,
cholesterol, benzopyrene, diethylamine. Benzidine produced toxicity
in the Ames assays after C10_ treatment, however, we have not been
able to identify products. Other compounds were found to be negative
in both bacteria and yeast. Phenol produced at least seven products
which were identified and showed positive response.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 198
A-202
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: National Screening Program for Organics in
Drinking Water
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Riz Haque
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Stanford Research Institute
PROJECT STAFF: Dr. Dale Coulson, Principal Investigator;
Dr. Sam Fratoni
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
The objectives of this project include (a) the development of a
screening technology to be used for the analysis of organic compounds
in drinking water (b) the analysis of drinking water samples from
400 U.S. cities using the screening technology developed under (a) and
(c) the transfer of the screening technology to water treatment plants
for the routine monitoring of organices in drinking water.
Organic compounds to be screened in this program are selected on
the basis of (a) the use pattern and production data; (b) toxocological
considerations in relation to human health; (c) persistence; (d)
probability of occurrence in drinking water; and (e) availability of
an analytical methodology. The criteria used for the selection of
cities include such factors as population, water supplies representing
both surface and ground water sources, and areas with high agricul-
tural and industrial discharge. All cities having population of 50,000
or more are included in this program. At least one city from each
state is included in the monitoring studies.
It is anticipated that this program will provide a broad data base
for the concentration of organics in drinking water. The data obtained
from this study will aid in implementing the Safe Drinking Water Act.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: .199
A-203
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u :». GGvCfiKMENr t'f?:Hrir:c: OTICE 1975—630-feM
•J.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGeNCY I l~o"1 At-;:roi.c:i
OXD No. OS-R.OO
NOT1CH OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PRO
SSiE
PREPARED TOR THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
.i 01. i-nojBi.1
ion Of Treatment Processes for the Removal of Inorganic
PROJECT DIRECTORS AND ALL OTHSR
Thomas J. Sorg
Research Sanitary Engineer
Water Supply Research Division
Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory
-•/.Me AND ADOn^SS Or APPLICANT INSTITUTION
Water Supply Research Division Project Location
I Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory, EPA . .
!„,,,'. „, . _ -.,„., ,c->co Cincinnati, Ohio
i 26 West .St. C.lair Street, l.inti. Onio '•qT*a
i SUMMARY Of PROPOC'-O AC;1^ - in d.K-vnvr1.. i2) A^'TOi-t;]
I
; j ..M.N-. ;f-i- rfiur i c.;ii,'NAL s^^Oi.tL irjvoLvtco ^u-,,',.-.,;. j S'(..iAT unf: or ;--,ii';cirAL INVESTIGATOR
• i V.'SRD.MERL,Cincinnati, Ohio
OATC
Kay 31, 1977
res orFK't. ''it. O.-J
The objective of this project is to evaluate treatment processes for the removal of
mercury, arsenic, selenium, bariun, cadmium, chromium, lead, silver and radiuTi-22G
from water to racet the drinking vater regulations. Conventional treatment
techniques -..-ill be the primary1 methods evaluated. Standard laboratory jar test:
studies will be conducted to determine the significant: variables affecting removals.
Follow-up pilot plants will also be conducted to verify the laboratory results.
| ! .-Ml laboratory studies have been completed except for a few casts needed to confirm
and explain some, questionable results on several contaminants. Pilot plane studies
have been completed on mercury, barium, and arsenic and partially completed on
saieniur,', cadmium, chromium, lead and silver. Preparation' of a final report has
also been inititod.
Total Project Costs: 19,000 FY77 j
(
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology j
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 200
A-204
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Removal of Nitrate from Water Supplies
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: Sorg
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: University of Michigan
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: 8/75 - 12/76
FUNDING LEVEL: FY 77 - $0
PROJECT SUMMARY:
The strong acid-weak base ion exchange system will be evaluated
for the removal of nitrate from drinking water.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: vControl Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 201
A-205
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Removal of Radium from Drinking Water
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: Logsdon
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Water and Air Research, Inc.
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: 7/75 - 10/76
FUNDING LEVEL: FY 77 - $0
PROJECT SUMMARY:
This project is to determine the cost of removal of radium in-
cluding the cost of sludge disposal.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 202
A-206
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Treatment of Small Water Supplies by
Reverse Osmosis
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: Sorg
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Charlotte Harbor Florida Water Association
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: 2/77 - 2/79
FUNDING LEVEL: FY 77 - $200K
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Reverse osmosis will be evaluated as a treatment technique for
small communities for the removal of specific inorganic contaminants
from water.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 203
A-207
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Removal of Inorganic Contaminants with
Activated Alumina
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: Sorg
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: University of Texas
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: 3/77 - 9/78
FUNDING LEVEL: FY 77 - $30K
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Bench-scale sorption tests will be conducted to determine the
ability of activated alumina to remove inorganic contaminants from
water with varying levels of TDS. Arsenic, nitrate, fluoride, and
selenium will be emphasized.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 204
A-208
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTCCTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
OAiO No. ISf-KOOKI
PROJECT HG. ("Do no
SSIE
PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
T I TL& OK PROJLC
Evaluation of Particulars Removal Processes to Meet Dr-inking Wai-pr
GIVE NAMES, DEPARTMENTS. AND OFFICIAL TITLE; OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS OR PROJECT DIRECTORS AND ALL OTHER
PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL ENGAGED IN THE PROJECT.
Gary S. Logsdon, Principal Investigator
Robert Hoye
NAME AND AOORSSS OF APPLICANT INSTITUTION
USEPA,MEKL,WSRD
26 West St. Clair Street, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268
Project Location
Cincinnati, Ohio
SUMMARY OF PROPOSES .';OMK - (1) Objm-livtjs, ;2) Approach. (J) Cwci-nt plans and/or Progress (200 words or less. OmU confidential il = ;j
Objectives are to demonstrate filtration techniques for removal of pathogenic
G. laablia cysts fhat may be related to gastroenteritis, chemical doses in direct
filtration, and to compare the efficacy of in-line and conventional prapellor
(back-mix) rapid mixers. Parallel filter runs are being made with che two mixing
systems. Zeta potential measurements on raw and coagulated waters are performed.
For the Giardia study, initial filtration tests using a diatoraaceous earth
filter have demonstrated effective removal of 10 urn radioactive microspheres. Final
tests will employ Giardia cysts with treatment conditions found effective
for removal of radioactive microspheres.
Total Project Costs: $20,000
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 205
PHOFCSSiONAL SCHOOL INVOLVED i
.IGNATUME OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
M/A
Gary S. Loqsdon
' 6/3/7?
FOR OpFiCE USKJDNLY
/- ' , ,,
: ORGANIZATION
--- -.__._ . _ — _i — _..
''^^ Ci'Dt"- A 11.-; i',• .'f. NO. -'r PLJ';T.,.' v !•..'• "• TI n r •• - i -. f _v
AS'iU'.'F L'I ijl'v.;:io ^.', n-t-..n ' > -v.
j ST AIH ING O
A-209
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i ____.--__--:- b_ . &
* u. S. GOVEBNMIVNT pfiiNTiHG or.'ic^- 1975—63O—62O
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY Form Apfjrafed
OAIO .\'o. IIS-ROOZI
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT SJUE
_____ , — _ ________-____________-_-^-_-__—-_—_— -l£pA
PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE R804422-02
TITLE OF PROJECT '•
Seattle Tolt Water Supply Mixed Asbestoforms Removal Studv
GIVE NAMCS, DEPARTMENTS. AMD OFFICIAL TITLES OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS OR PROJECT DIRECTORS AND ALL OTHER
PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL ENGAGED IN THE PROJECT.
John E. Courchene, Seattle Water Department, Director of Water Quality
Douglas L. Harrison, Seattle Water Department, Water Treatment- Supervisor
Brian P. Hoyt, Seattle Water Department, Water Quality Analyst
Gregory Kirmeyer, Seattle Water Department, Quality Control Engineer
S.-^^ ~nO ADDRESS OF APPLICANT INSTITUTION
City of Seattle Water Department
1015 Third Avenue
Seattle, Washington 93104 King County Congressional District 1, 2 & 3
(1) To determine the most: feasible method of removal of naturally occurring mixed
An-.phibole and Chrysotile asbestos form fibres from a major source of City of
Seattle water supply.
(2) To extend the methodology developed in Duluth Study to include Chrysotile
removal by modifications of the filtering technique successfully developed
for removal of Araphibole fibres.
(3) To acquire physical/professional capability to conduct Pilot Plant Studies
using a small package plant at Che source. This will require the addition
to professional staff to coordinate existing Department manpower capabilities
and capital investment for equipment.
Since discovery of asbestos in Tolt source during a joint city/state/EPA
survey, studies have continued both jointly and independently by the City.
Seattle is currently engaged in a watershed sampling and analysis program
to define areas of natural contribution and to determine if asbestos
concentration is subject to seasonal influences.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER:
Control Technology
PROFESSIONAL, SCHOOL I'J'.CLvF.D fV.-./n-.,
rp^ Water Quality Division
SIGNATURE OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
DATE
4/14/77
FOR OFF-ICE -.)<•!: ONI."
r C T CFFICE-R
_j , nr,f-. , nr j Car.1/—S.—Locsdnu. -
I ILLol'-i-Ou rfc-:r.''ON.,iuL-: on^AdizATION
A-210
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE:
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
State-of-the-Art on the Health Effects
Associated with Direct and Indirect Reuse
of Renovated Municipal Wastewater for
Potable Purposes
EPA
Pahren
PERFORMING OR GANIZATION: SCS Engineering
PORJECT STAFF;
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Not provided.
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
207
A-211
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Duluth Demonstration Grant
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: Logsdon
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Duluth, Minnesota
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Unknown
11/75 - 7/80
FY 76 - $OK
Advise and consult with city, state and EPA-OWS officials on
type and nature of research to be performed on demonstration grant,
for example: asbestos removal, microorganism removal, mixing floccu-
lation energy studies.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 208
A-212
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O. S. GOV6PNMCNT PRINTING OFFICE. 1975--630-G90
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROVECT1ON AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Form Approved
O.VK iVo. nt-ROOf.l
PROJECT NO. (Do not uaa this upuce)
SS1E
EPA
010
TITLE OF PROJECT
nf F.rngi'nn nf Aghpqf-rvQ frnm
g r-ng-rpmpnt- TM
GIVE NAMES! DEPARTMENTS. AND OFFICIAL TITLES OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS OR PPOJECT DIRECTORS ANO ALL OTHER
PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL ENGAGED IN THE PROJECT.
Ralph W. Buelow, Principal Investigator
James P. Agee, Engineering Technician
Lynn Peters - Engineering Technician
Pat Snyder - Physical Science Technician (Microscopist)
NAME ANO ADDRESS OF APPLICANT INSTITUTION
Water SupplyResearch Division
MERL.EPA
26 West St. Clair Street, Cinti, Ohio 45268
Project Location
Cincinnati, Ohio
s. (2) f
A number of field installations (municipal water supplies) having waters of various
aggressiveness to A/C pipe have been studied and also water is being circulated
through a 90-ft A/C pipe loop that has been constructed at our facilities in
Cincinnati. The object in both cases is to determine whether asbestos fibers
are being released from the pipe under certain conditions, but not others. The
field studies are essentially complete and a report has been prepared for publication.
Two pipe loop studies using water of different quantities have been completed, and
at least, one additional study is proposed, which will attempt to learn how to
control or stop the corrosion once it has started.
Total Project Coasts: Presently 4 K/yr (16K)
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER:
luEIHT.irv PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL
Water Supply Research
209
INVOLVED iMi-tliic.il,
Division
SIGNATURE OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR DATE
Ralph Buelow 5/26/77
FOR OFFICE USE ONLY
1 1 • •
~~i
— ! s<
< NQ.
35 -I To.
PROJECT Of-' FICER
Earl F. McFarrun
'"k 010 ht~' PO>IS1UL£: OHGANI ZATIOD
I __ '"• ••'•JVHCI. ci-'-Mr ~ [ ^ _ j Distribution Quality Section. KSRn.MF?
S4000
! 77
7/74
A-213
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PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Treatment of Water to Prevent Erosion of
Asbestos Fibers from A/C Pipe
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
EPA, Water Supply Research Division
Buelow
Not specified
Unkn own
11/76 - 10/78
FY 77 - $11.4K
An attempt will be made to determine if a method of either
coating the pipe with an anti-corrosive or adjustment of the pH
alkalinity, and calcium content of the water is a feasibility for
preventing loss of asbestos fibers.
Project sites include Greenwood, South Carolina; Clarion County,
Pennsylvania; Seattle, Washington; and other sites to be determined.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 210
A-214
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SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1730M Street, N.W. • Washington, D.C. • 20036
Teleonone (202) 381-4211 • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
GMA-3087
U.S. ENVIRON. PROTECTION AGI,
Oi'FICE OP 3ESEAHCH 6 DEV,
SUPPORTING ORGANIZATION NUMSER\Sj: \
S804408 01 ;
. PROJECT TITU«:
REVERSE OSMOSIS METHOD FOB PRODUCTION OP POTABLE WATER
j tNVSSTiaATOW(S):
2H HEUSTSSS
I GC f«OOHE
! JC SHARPS
! SC HARMON
I JE JENKINS
•CAYCE CITY GOVERNMENT
, laco 12TH ST., SOX *
'. CAYCE, SOUTH CAROLINA 29033
3/76 TO 4/77
FY76 FUNDS 569,764
'• To find an efficient/ cost effective and reliahla method of
;trsating surface water in order to obtain a constant supply of potable
:water and meet requirements of Safe Drinking Mater Act (P,L. 93-.5Z3D,
i
He propose to install and oparata four <*) reverse osmosis systems
|in existing conventional vater plant in order to determine cost
^reliability and quality of water produced, This process for treatment
jof surface water enhances efficient operation of the reverse osmosis
isystem, Cayee's raw water chemical property is favorable to tnis
;process. The most significant favorable factor is consistant PH values
ranging from 4,5 to 6.3 A short term pilot atudYj using a reverse
iosmosis unit, treating Cayce raw water produced a water of high quality,
•A demonstration project finding reverse osmosis a more practical method
iof treating surface water will benefit the City of Cayce but will also
ibenefit suppliers of potable water and their customers generally,
:IMV3STIGATORS (CONT)
J£ SUCXER
! JIH KARAS1KVICZ
! CATEGOBY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
1
! PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 211
31-3 Si E 73
A-215
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PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
The Effects of Ozone on Organics in
Wastewater
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Pahren
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: University of Colorado
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
Determine volatile components of wastewater before and after
ozonization.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
212
A-216
-------
1 i — •fanff^S ^3>
^ijj/
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INrUHMAIiUN bXCHANGb
Room 300 • 1730 M Street, N.W. 'Washington, D.C. • 2003S GSA" 172
Telephone (202) 381-421 1 • Telex 89495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
U,S. SAIL, SCIENCE FOUNDATION HES75!t09019
DIV, OF HIGHS8 ED, I>! SCIENCE
SESEAHCH "INITIATION - DEVELOPMENT OF A 3ACTEHIAL TEST SYSTEM FCg
MUTAGENIC COMPOUNDS IN DRINKING WAT53 SUPPLISS
JA RENDER
HoaE-Hotis«; COLLEGE
GHADUATE SCHOOL
223 CHESTNUT ST. S,»,
ATLANTA, SZOHGIA 3031*
6/75 TO
FY75
3/76
FUNDS $30,411
The purpose of this effort is to develop an assay technique for tha
nutagenie affect of pollutants in the wataz; supplies of fiva Georgia
cities, Tha water quality of these five areas will be evaluated by the
Salmonella typhirnuuiuin assay procedure. This bacterial test system is
an efficient and sensitive technique indicating the mutagenic and
prcbaDla carcinogenic activity of organic pollutants in the water,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PSOJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 213
A-217
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL. PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
O.Mfl Wo. US-ROOSl
PROJECT NO.(Do r
SSIE
PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
TITLE. OF PROJECT
Ccaced
Study of Migration of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Asphalt
to nisrri'l-iiifprl
C:vF NAMES. DEPARTMENTS, AND OFFICIAL TITLES OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS OR PR*>JGCT DIRECTORS ANO ALL OTHER
PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL ENGAGED IN THE PROJECT.
Kent Sorrell, Principal Investigator
JAME AND AOOHE5S OF APPLICANT INSTITUTION
Water Supply Research Division
MERL.EPA
26 West St. Glair Street, Cincinnati, Ohio
Project Location
The first year will be spent in reviewing the literature and in selecting a
procedure for use in our laboratory for the determination of Polynuclear Aromatic
Hydrocarbons (FAH's) which will then be applied to the determination of whether
PAH'« migrate from pipe linings into the water. A high pressure liquid chromatograph
with UV and fluorometric detscuors has been purchased and is now operational. Samples
of coal Car coating materials and sections of coated pipe have been received from
the manufacturers and are being used for an in-lab study to refine the analytical
methodology and preparative techniques. Water extracts of these coatings and standard
solutions of 15 PAH's reported to have been found in water from coal tar
liquid pipe are being used to evaluate clean-up procedures'', various chromatographic
columns and mobile phases.
CATEGORY OF RESEAP.CK:
Environmental Transport, Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 214
Total Project Costs: Presently $23,000 (46K)
'UCNTIFY PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL I N VO l_ V £ D j'.Wod .-.i(,
i/.'.'/.,!. ,•!<•. )
Water Supply Research Division
SIGNATURE Or PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
Kent Sorrell
DATE
5/26/77
FOR OrFIC.F. USE ONLY
>.'FTI,VO i/;,..,., i | TAbK -O.
—i
1CC614
"1 SOS 1 Task 047
°DOJECT OF FtCER
_ .|arl_>!c_Farran..
I
V, j N'U. C) •• ' 11 ~L"~,r 1 - A '(-, T i'M T A 'IV.TL'i
j j -cut-*1 LI o;:1! .v-"-» cunni N i r.-r.
77 ! 1
11/76
MAT-Ii? C';'-'. PLL'Tl ••'.
~1^/7S
A-218
-------
U. a. COVlRMWfcNT ft'tHTttKf OKfiCL. 1375—G30-6M
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
OMli ,Vo.
PKOJECT NO. fOo no(
SSIE
PREPARED FOR THE SMITHiOHUN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
048
LC up PHOJECT
pqn ar\<\ ff^
TreatmenC of Water to Prevent Erosion of Metals from Galvanizing Steel,
_
GIVE tlAMHS, DEPARTMENTS. AND OFf ICIAL TITLES OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS OH PROJECT DIRECTORS ANO ALL OTHER
PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL ENCASED IN THE PROJECT.
Dr. Marvin Gardels, Principal Investigator
Robert C. Thurnau, Research Chemist
Ralph M. Buelow, Engineer
NAME AND AGGRESS OF APPLICANT INSTITUTION
Water Supply Research Division
MERL.EPA
7»6-tfc.3C St. Clai? Street:,.. Cincinnati, Ohio 45:44-
Project Location
Cineinnati, Ohio
The objective of this task is to study and control the.corrosion problems that
occur in a household plumbing system which may introduce toxic metals into Che systems.
A galvanized pipe loop has been constructed using a series of pumps and timers to
control the flow of water through the system and to simulate conditions in an average
household. Samples are collected at regular intervals for metal analysis and
measurement of various corrosion indices. Initially water of the most corrosive
quality was used, bun waters of other quality will be studied, as will also the
addition of various substances to control the corrosion. Similar studies, with
d lead pipe loop have now also been started.
Total Project Costs; Presently $35,000 (7OK)
CAXEGOBY. OF KESEAE.C1:
Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION HUMBER: 215
PROFESSION I TASK no.
-i'. '''^ ' ' '''''•'"' '•''•' !
j '•• •;> A-*-.-- ..if AM r
j ?'i.S,i)f)0 i 77 i ' '"'"
, i
FOR OFFICE U_S!: OHtr
L._r.arl_F-..!i;cJ/jrr.eii
fi'Vr.f. F'ONi'-iOLrZ GruAM ': ATlCtJ
| Task 043 ,. , J. Dis rju.b.Ls.tica.. Quality
,.i ;_•! • y '••.»"• t t '. • -^ ' _V"L i | ' . Anri.T.'. O •'« T L
9/7H
A-219
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CE. l975-6JO-t.9Q
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Form Approved
O.V.!) .Vo. I5S-ROOS1
PROJECT NO. (Do not uac Ihis apacoj
SSIE
PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
062
Development of Methods for Che Determination of Total Orgatc Chlorine Content of Water
GIVE NAMES. DEPARTMENTS. AND OFFICIAL TITLES OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS OH PROJECT OIP.ECTORS ANO ALL OTHER
PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL ENCASED IN THE PROJECT.
Ronald C. Dressraan. Principal Investigator
NAME AND ADDRESS OF APPLICANT INSTITUTION
Hater Supply Research Division
MERL.EPA
Project Location
Cincinnati, Ohio
SUMMARY OF f'POPGSiLO V.'ORK - (!) Ob[rcl tvcs. (2) Approach, (3) Cu
nt Plans and/or Progress (200 *
This study is aimed at an evaluation of the "pyrohydrolysis" technique developed at
Engler-Bunte Institute, Karlsruhe, Federal Republic of Germany by Kuhn for the
determination of total organic chlorine in water using powdered activated carbon.
many aspects of the method are vague and poorly documented, a thorough evaluation
of the method will be undertaken. Using filtered or coagulated river water, an
attempt will be made to determine the correctness of Che inorganic chloride
concentration; the completeness of adsorption of chloro-organics; Che qualitative
and quantitative accuracy of the method; and the precision of Che method. If the
evaluation of the procedure provides satisfactory evidence that the method may
produce valid data, then tha mechod will be field tested. .--An effort will also be
then made to determine if the method can be appropriately modified or made applicable
to other Chan filtered waters.
Total Project Costs: Presently $3,000 (6K)
Since
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 216
L), NTil'V t-^OI CSSIONAL iCHOOL I N VO L V E D t'.Vt-,/( f.,1
u-nl.J. ,-(,-.)
Water Supply Research Division
SIGNATURE OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
Ronald C. Dressman
DATE
5/26/77
FOT! OFFICE USE ONLY
I TASK NO.
1CC614
_. SOS1
! j j'"=> «'"-•• -•'^•'[ ~j Task 062
' | ••"••' : •-"""-••••«'•
' 77 ! 1
RLSFONSICM.u
:;i ? AT1ON
Distribution Quality Section, WSRD,H'£RL }
A-220
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Form Approved
PROJECT NO. (Lla rot u«o lltis t
S5IE
PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
063
riTLt OF ,f F
Preparation of Suspension of Asbestos in Water Suitable for Use as
PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL ENGAGED IN THE PROJECT.
Patricia Snyder, Principal Investigator
. INVESTIGATORS OH PROJECT DIRECTORS AND ALL OTHER
HAME AND ADDRESS OF APPLICANT INSTITUTION
Water Supply Research Division
MERL.EPA
26 West St. Glair Street, Cincinnati, Ohio
Project Location
Cincinnati, Ohio
SUMMARY OF PROPOSED WORK - (I) Objectives. (2) Approach, (JJ) Current Plans and/or Procress (200 worCs or [ess. Omit confidential da:j).
This study involves preparation of asbestos suspensions utilizing various asbestos
sources to determine the feasibility of their use as reference samples. During
the initial phase of this project, a known mass of asbestos will be suspended in a
detergent solution containing HgCl,, preservative. The characteristics of asbestos
froa at least two sources (synthetic asbestos being, prepared under contract, and
asbestos being used by NIEHS in animal feeding studies) will be examined to determine
which source provides asbestos with the desired characteristics. This asbestos
suspension must contain fibers which (1) can be analysed by electron diffraction and
energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence, (2) have a size distribution like that
usually found in water samples, (3) does not clump and appears in preparations as
individual fibriles, and (4) contains little foreign material. If satisfactory
suspensions can be prepared, they then will be sotred in 20 ml sealed ampoules and
periodically analyzed to determine if the suspension changes with time. If no
significant changes occur in 6 months, then reference samples will be prepared for
distribution.
Total Project Cost; Presently $3,000 (6K)
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION SOMBER: 217
\.,:i. ncy F-HOFESSIONAL SCHOOL INVOLVED t.\h;h<.,l. I S:UN ATUK£ OF PRINCIPAL INVCSTIGATOR
•..•".-../. ..„-.)
Water Supply Research Division
Patricia Snyder
DATE
5/26/77
OPFICC USE ONLY
PROJECT OFF1.-ER
Earl. Pi. McFarreiiL.
.li C^GANI Z ATlOrl
••!-'u-«.)cii ''-:<^'-r_ __ __ I Xask 0.63 _ _ I __ Distribution Quality Section, KSRD.MKl'.L ____
• D F-.Y. NO. o ~ r u i u 'tr " '.: •• '• : "'.' '•' r •'• T ; v> u Y
.^n,, r,r.Y.,f , ...... r-.r..,.
TAIM ING GATE
A-221
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
TITLE OF PROJECT
O'HO ,Vo. 153-ROOll
SSIE
EPA
018
GIVE NAMES^ ~CJC P ARTMEN TS. ^NO OFFICIAL TITLES OF PFJINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS OR PROJECT DIRECTORS ANO ALL OTHER
PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL ENGAGED IN THE PROJECT.
A. A. Stevens, D. S. Seeger, C. J. Slocuci, L. Moore, W. Elbert, B.L. Smith,
M. M. Domino, Research Chemists, Organics Investigations Section, Physical and
Chemical Removal Branch
NAME AND ADDRESS OF APPLICANT INSTITUTION
Water Supply Research Division
MERL.EPA
26 Wes t St.. Clair Street, Cinti, Ohio 45268
Project Location:
Cincinnati, Ohio
SUMMARY CF PROPOSED WORK - (I) Ob ji'
s . (2) Approach. (3) Curr
nd/or Progress "(200 words or less. Omit confidential data).
Carry out bench-level studies to determine the efficiencies of removal of organic
contaminants present in the source waters of drinking water supplies. Studies include
the study of sorpcive, oxidc.tive, and precipitative mechanisms. Analysis are
conducted under this project in support of similar pilot scale activities.
The on-going studies include investigations of the effectiveness of activated
carbon, coagulation-sedimentation, and oxidants for the removal of haroform precursors
and various industrial wastes known to be present in source waters.
Total Project Costs: Present 39K/yr (111.8K)
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Control Technology
'i PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 218
IJEM
n-y rnor LSSIONAU
SCHOOL INVOLVED (,t
Water Supply Research Div.
.-./i.-.J. SIGNATURE OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
Alan A. Stevens
DATE
5/26/77
FOR OFFICE USE ONLY
'-
jcponr MtTHOO ic
S~\ .->.!. -.cr ,r.l,-Ff;,,,r
| ••> C..3 ; 1 A TLD COS- r 0
1
' •-.'.;*
11
JL,
< I '.I' .-.HCM CHAM F
, <_i'U 1C AT I O j P Y
],SOO i
^.•1 iV'O '
.••I 1. ,./..•) TASK NC
,,,,,r.,n 1CC
«T SOS
). j PROJECT OF f- ICEH
614 I A. A
T 1 RtSrOMMOL
I Task 013 j WSR!),y
j NO. O F ^ I, r ;!•; \- f .\ ,/•-. - ;, i N - \ v'*. . V
'
. Stevens
E O.( JAN. ZATIO'J
5!U. , F,? A , Cine inna ti
S-. AHTIMC, [1-.TE tSTIMATFO C.-.-M-'Ll""1 V! -
1/7 ft
9/"8
- , ,-A
A-222
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
CMI/3 No. HS-KOOSI
PHOJECT MO. (Do no
3SIE
use thit, space)
PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
019
TITLE OF PROJECT
Study Formation of Organic Byproducts of Disinfection
GIVE NAMES; DEPARTMENTS, AND OFFICIAL TITLES OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS OH PROJECT DIRECTORS AND ALL OTHER
PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL ENGAGED IN THE PROJECT.
A. A. Stevens, D. R. Seager, C.J. Slocum, L. Moore, W. Elbert, B.L. Smith,
M. M. Domino, Research Chemists, Organics Investigations Section; Physical and
Chemical Removal Branch
IJAME AND AOOHESS OF APPLICANT INSTITUTION
Water Supply Research Division
MERL,EPA
26 West St. Clair Street. Clnei. Ohio &525S
Project Location:
Cincinnati, Ohio
SUMMARY OF PROPOSED WORK - M) Objeclivo*. (2) Approach. (3) Current Plans and/or Progress (200 words
css. Omfl confidential data).
The objectives are to identify potentially hazardous by-products of disinfection
practice in bench-scale studies and elucidate possible routes for control of these
by-products during treatment. The study is currently placing a heavy emphasis on the
formation and control of trihalomethanes during chlorination as well as identification
of by-products of C107 application. Studies will continue into an investigation of
other chlorinated by-products of chlorine dixinfectiou plus a future investigation of
ozonation by-products.
Total Project Costs: Presently 39K/yr (151K)
] CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 219
1O!;N1'|FY PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL INVOLVED f.l.Y.liV.//,
.!.-:it.,I. ,-tf.t
Water Supply Research Division
SIGNATURE OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
Alan A. Stevens
OATH
5/26/77
FOR OFFICf USE ONLY
SUP^OUT VTHOO !l"/r.
I M 00 1 I .\ T L .' C ON r r< A C 1
I IT-.I-Ancn cruri r
TASK NO.
1CC614
SOS-1
Task. .019..
PHOJCCT OFFICER
A. A. Stevens
ORGANIZATION
R39.000 j 77 i
! 1/7S r,10/75 !''"" 10/79 ,,„/;-, )
A-223
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: By-Products of Chlorination on Activated
Carbon
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: Stevens
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: University of Illinois
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: 3/77 6/79
FUNDING LEVEL: FY 77 - Est. $60K
PROJECT SUMMARY:
An attempt will be made to determine the organic compounds found,
if any, in the effluent of a granular activated carbon bed receiving
chlorinated water.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 220
A-224
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U.S. ENVIRONMENT A.L PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
t'orm Approved
OHI) A'o. (JS-SOOSI
PROJECT HO, (Do no! c
5SIE
PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Remoyal of Organirs Using Adsorbents and Tn-Plant Treatment Modifications
GIVE NAMES. DEPARTMENTS, AND OFFICIAL TITLES OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS OR PROJECT DIRECTORS AND ALL OTHER
PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL ENGAGED IN THE PROJECT.
0. Thomas Love, Jr., Research Sanitary Engineer
J. Keith Carswell, Research Sanitary Engineer
Kenneth L. Kropp, Engineering Technician
Bradford L. Smith, Physical Science Technician
NAME AND AOPRE5S OF APPLICANT INSTITUTION
EPA, MERL, WSRD, Physical and Chemical Removal Branch
26 West St. Clair St., Cincinnati, Ohio 45268
In-House Research Project
SUMMARY OF PPOPOSED v/OnK - fl) Objectives, (2) Approach. (3) Curre-m Plans and/or Progress (200 words nr I'm. Omit confidential d_.'.j).
Using a pilot water treatment plant built almost entirely of glass, stainless steel,
and Teflon"- along with small scale adsorbers, activated carbon and synthetic
adsorbents are studied for removing trace organics from drinking water.
Work in Progress
Exploring treatment processes to minimize the production of trihaloniethanes and
reduce general organics.
The effects of ozone in combination with granular activated carbon are being
studied.
Attempts will be made to speciate the general bacterial populations in
the carbon filter effluents.
Several synthetic adsorbents as well as different type granular activated
carbons are being studied for the effects of contract time, upflow versus
downflow, and adsorbate loading.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 221
PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL INVOLVED M/.-t/.V.iJ, SIGNATURE OK PRINCIPAL IN VT.ST IGATOR OATS
FOR OFFICK USE ONLY
_MbTHOQ [CVi..
25
R f <= P O N S1 L- L r; O il G A N I Z A TIO N
C' /.I5CM CHANT
c .mis? O''i it-« i r.L1 I f-'.v. «o. c-t r 11 vuft'E* >'' A n-'i 7i M v A 'iVr •_>
>-'UI(f O OtVO'-O C'.HiHE-f-'T (-,•(.
\^^ AF< fiNO OATE
! t'STIMAT
I DATE
A-225
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Fa
CMIfl
PROJECT NO. (Do
SSIE
26
rm Approved
No. 158-ROQ81
not USQ this apacej
(.^.;,»~
*• j
ITLU OF PROJECT
Removal of Organics Using Oxidants
GIVE NAMES, DEPARTMENTS, AND OFFICIAL TITLES OF PRINCIPAL INVE5TIGATOHS OR PROJECT DIRECTORS ANO ALL OTHEH
PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL ENGAGED IN THE PROJECT.
J. Keith Carswell, Research Sanitary Engineer
Dr. 0. Thomas Love, Research Sanitary Engineer
Physical and Chemical Removal Branch, WSB.D,MERL
NAME ANO ADDRESS OF APPLICANT INSTITUTION
Water Supply Research Division
MERL.EPA
Project Location:
Cincinnati, Ohio
The objective of this project is to study the use of oxidants (principally ozone and
chlorine dioxide) to remove or reduce the concentrations of general organic parameters
and specific organic compounds in drinking water and to identify the oxidation
products resulting front the use of such oxidants.
Both bench and pilot-scale research are being used to achieve the project's
objectives.
To date, the ability of both ozone and chlorine dioxide to remove trihalomethanes and/or
their precursors has been studied and reported. .^
Current efforts involve the use of ozone in combination with a granular activated
carbon filter to promote increased bed life for the removal of total organic carbon
and trihalomethane formation potential from drinking water.
Total Project Costs: FY77 - 39K, ET78 39K (Continuation)
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 222
PROFESSIONAL. SCHOOL. INVOLVED r
i/, SICNATUHE OF P KIN Cl P AL. IN VEST IG AT OR I DATE
N/A
FOR OFFICE USE ONLY
PRCJCCT CF
R C£ S PC.M S i D L £ O RC A N I Z /, TI ON
i STAR ' inc. CJATF. !
A-22 6
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Form Approved
OMB No. 1 is- RODS 1
SSIE
EPA
-J. .
I se.tio
TASK NO.
-02
PROJECT OFFICER
John C. Hnt=f
ut: ORGANIZATION
j STARTING DATE
FY 73
FUNOS ODUiGATg
:..'.. c-
iH. Fo/m S?60-l 17-72)
NO. Of FUru«E v-fTAns TEN 7*T!VltLV
ASSURED QEVONn CURRENT F.Y.
ESTIMATED COMPLETION
DATE I
FY 79 I
A-227
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Chlorine Resistance of Enteroviruses
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: Hoff
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Not specified
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: 8/74 - 7/77
FUNDING LEVEL: FY 76 - $65K
PROJECT SUMMARY:
A detailed reexamination of chlorine resistance of several entero-
viruses previously shown to vary greatly in chlorine resistance and
determination of the factors responsible for variations in resistance.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 224
A-228
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Alternative Disinfection Indicators
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: Taylor
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: 3/75 - 1/78
FUNDING LEVEL: FY 76 - $32.7K
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Since the coliform group of organisms is less resistant to
chlorine than many viral and bacterial pathogens, the utility of both
yeasts and acid-fast organisms as indicators of disinfection efficiency
is being evaluated.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 225
A-22 9
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Chlorine Demand of N-Chloro Compounds
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: Katz
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: 4/76 - 9/77
FUNDING LEVEL: -$53K
PROJECT SUMMARY:
To determine chlorine demand of N-compounds and identify those
that exist in natural water supplies.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 226
A-230
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
O.'-W 'Vo. DR-ROOSl
PROJECT NO. r
S!IE
PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
3 5~-~62—
ru£ OF PROJECT
Effects of Virus Particle Aggregation on the Disinfoctinn of Uat-pr
VE NAMES. DEPARTMENTS. AND OFFICIAL TITLES OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS OR PROJECT DIRECTORS AND ALL OTHER
1OFGSSIOMAL PERSONNEL ENG\G£D IN THE PROJECT.
D. Cordon Sharp, Professor of Biophysics, Dept. of Bacteriology,'School of Medicine
J. Donald Johnson, Professor of Environmental Chemistry, School of Public Health
Roger Floyd, Research Associate, Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine.
D. C. Young, Research Associate, Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine.
1 ;ME AND ADDRESS OF APPLICANT INSTITUTION
Department of Bacteriology and Immunology
University of North Carolina - School of Medicine
Chapel Hill. North Carolina 2751^
t
MM&RY OF PROPOSE:) .VOHK - (I) Obivctivrs. C) Approach. CJ) Current Plant and,'or FrORrt
• I4», Omit confidently: data).
The survival of virus in water treated with disinfecting agents is
critically dependent on the physical state of the virus particles in the
water. This research is directed to reveal the nature of virion aggregation,
j to measure it as precisely as can be, and to seek, quantitative relationships
between the data so gathered and the inactivation rate of virus infectivity
for different disinfecting agents operating on the aggregated virus. Agents
of priir-ary interest will be the various active i orris of chlorine and viruses
of chief concern will be those of the enteric group. Quantitative techniques
..iiii no naori fnr riirpc-r observation and assav of virion agsrecation by electron
microscopy supplemented by core sensitive but less direct differential
ultracentrifngation. Complex formation between virions and particulate natter
in the water will be examined as well as the efficiency of clumps of virions
' in plaque formation, the possibility that virus may exist in a conformationaliy
' resistant state, and the increase of titer of chlorine-treated virus through
subsequent aggregation. These experiments will be done by a group consisting
of 2 halogen chemists and 2 virologists with one biophysicist directing.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Control Technology
PBOJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 227
•lUv.Jiii'iUiCttATu/'.'f.vF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• I i • i <~s n i\ : r
•FNTI = Y PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL IN VOL VEO r
"si::; ot ^
FOR OF.FICE USE O'V-T
j'0.i" ''^ I RESPONSIBLE ORGANIZATION • '
/•.v!'-''U j AI:: 0 J c! ;_ //:, /-• L,
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AiiUHEO 8ETONO CURRENT F.Y,
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!?A Form 574Q-I (7-71'}
(7-71'} ȣP'_ACES PH5 FORM 166 AND SI-SIE 76A 'ftHlCH MAY NOT E3E U?CD,
A-231
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U.S. ENVIR3NMSM TAL- PRO TECTICM AGENCY
HOTICE OF REStAHCH PROJECT
O.V.ri .Vo
PROJECT MO. (Do n
5SIE
F2.= THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE IN=CmiATIOH EXCHAHCS
RS 0.1-113
Effc-o.t of ?ar':iculates on Disinfection of Enteroviruses in Water by Chlorine Dioxide
3: .•- '.#•«£?, ^E^-^T'.'c-SITS. AND OFFICIAL TITLES OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS OR PROJECT OIHECTOHS ANO ALL OTHER-
PROFESSIONAL PSH.5C.::NE'_ ENCACEO in THE PROJECT. '
Dr. Pssquale V. Scarpir.o
Professor in Environmental Engineering
?.3Rt of Civil and Environmental Engineering
NAME AUO AO3^i"i5 OP APPLICANT INSTITUTION
University of Circir.r.ati
Cincinnati, Ohio <+5221
Grants Assistant tor this a?pli-oatio-.
PRINCIPAL LOCATION: CincirmaTtTOH:- *
This is a. cor.Cinuation sfjdy chac is (a) investigating the influence of particular
'.rater or.- th= viral disinfection process using chlorine dioxide as the disinfectant
bcnt;-ite ar.c; aiur> as the p^rciculaces; (b) evaluating the disinfection capabilitie
chlc.-r:r.e dioxide Uiin; anterovirusss as the test viruses, along with rsftrenci bicc
aiirf -.rt-t£ricpha;es for comparative purposes at different levels of chlorine dicxicc
tcr^arac'-irss. contact titr.es, p.H values, and concentrations of particulate rr.atter; (
''--Cerr.inir.; the effect of viral aggrc^tio'.i on survival of the test r.icrobss d'-irir,^
:^sir.fecticc irocess through characterization of the virus inoc-iluni by electron .r.ic
sconic assa- cf tha viral units; and (d) evaluating the effect of ths dj siiifp.ctant
siitcrsvirUi-associateii animal cells which sir.uiata naturally-fouud cell-asscti ice:i
viruses e^cr^ted fro^; the intestinal tract of cr.an. In addition, other disinfectAnc
such ac hrpochlcrDus acid, hypochlorite ion, and ths cb.lora~.inas will he used to
/iral disinfection efficiencies to that of chlorine dioxiia
either singly, together, or in sequential addition Co determine the effect of coir.ti
tic's of chlorine and chlorine dioxide on the viral disinfection process. The use
cl-.lcrine dioxide as a disinfectant in water supplies assurr.es greater irr.ports-cs whs
consideration is given to its reduced reactivity with precursor organics in v,-.t=r c
forr. chlorinated organic compounds which may be lacer identified as carcinogenic.
chlorine dioxide becomes ^ core .used disinfectant because of its lessened cspabilic
forr: chlorinated organics, tr.ore information is required concerning its disinfecting
capabili-v and factors that influsr.ee such ability. As part of the scope of the sc
year, a iU3plsir.er.Cary study will be completed dealing with the chlorine disir.fscti:.
Vsrsin'ia en^r.rocolitica, a bacceriutn it-plicated in outbreaks of intestinal disease.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology PROJECT DESCRIPTION STUMBER: 228
99,166
A-232
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u.s. t •i-..-G.-;vtM rA-_
NOT1CH Or RESEARCH PROJECT
SS'J FOR THS SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
804587-01
•effect cf "r'articulates on Cccr.s Disinfection of Bacteria and Viru-io in v,'a;=i'
$!•/£ .*iA«J = 5. -33-RT'.' = M-;, AM5 OFFICIAL Ti7\,£S Or PRINCIPAL. IM VSSTtC ATOKS OR PROJECT Oia = CTOSS AND ALL OrK:iR
PROFESSION*;. PSHSOf.NtL SNGAGEC IN TH£ PROJECT,
Otis J. Sprotil, Sc.D. , Principal Investigator
Profassor of Civil Ensinsering
DapartSr.anr of Civil Enginaering
»US AND AOCKESS OF APPLICANT INSTITUTION
University of Kai
Orono, ";Z 0^14.73
PRINCIPAL LOCATION:
Orono, Maine
I Current Pljns and/or Ffj;;rGSS (IOC v
The principal objactive of this project is to dev-
elop a body 'c-' inforrr.ation on the disinfaction poter.tial
ojfozcr.e for viruses which have been attached to or in-
corporated v:i-chin various solids. The solids to be used
vjiil be clays, hydrated alur.ir.ur! oxide floes, hu.~an ep-
itheiioid carcino-.a cells and fecal material. The vir-
uses to b= used '.viUL be po.liovirus 1 (".shor.ey), cox-
sackievirus A3 ar.d tha f2 bacteriophaae. Additionally,
ir.forr.ation on the ir.activation of Eseherichia coli and
Streptococcus recalls under conditions sir.ilar to the
viruses will be cbtiinsd. i-'odificaticns to obtain ac-
diticnal i.-activation will be r.ade whore it is found
that adsc-rbsd or protected viruses ara inactivated at
a slower rate than the unprotected virus. These mod-
ifications •.rill include longer contact tirr.as, increased
ozone concentrations and decreased particle size in tne
casa of zhe fecal -aterial and aluminu.?. o:ci.da floe
oarticles.
CAIEGOEZ OF RESEARCH:
Control Technology
112,775 JKOJECT DESCRII'TION NIK-fflER: 229
Graduate
2/25/75
FCR OFFICE USE_0;{fLY_
John C. Hof f
10
.?.:r;:*.-.:i<.?.^:___1 J_y..^^-£/^L__l._±
76 I . 1
r ii';:jr> c ••^u- T =
5'4037
!«:•. O' "L-rirfs;? l-^a^« 7 «•;»•( T ATI vELv
J A :•;»';-» EC i: a'^O'iO C J'i^riM r ? .Y.
MERL,. WSRD, MTB
STAHTISf, TA 7 £
9-15-76
A-233
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Synthetic Asbestos Standards for Electron
Microscopy of Water
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: McFarren
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: University of Cincinnati
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: 1/77 - 3/79
FUNDING LEVEL: FY 77 - $19K
PROJECT SUMMARY:
The purpose of this contract is to develop methods to produce
synthetic amosite and crocidolite fibers as has been done for chry-
sotile and to produce 10 grams of each for use as reference standards.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 230
A-234
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCi*
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PREPARED FOrt THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Fo"n Apprui r.:
O.'ilfl iVo. Mf-fln/,51
PROJECT NO. (Oy no( use- thin space)
S5IE
IAO-D6-0106
Portable ASV Prototype
GIVE NAMES, DEPARTMENTS. AMD OFFICIAL TITLES OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS OR PROJECT DIRECTORS AND ALL OTHER
PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL ENGAGED IN THE PROJECT.
, Ray G. Clc:n, Staff Scientist,Energy and Environment Division
Dick A. Mack, Program Leader for Instrumentation Develoopent.
Energy and Environment Division
[JAUE AND ADDRESS OF APPLICANT INSTITUTION (USERDA)
Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory
U.iivorsitv of California
Berkeley,'CA 9.-1720
SUMMARY OF PROPOSED WORK - (I) Objecti
M, (2) Approach, '3) Cii-renc plans and/or Progress (200 words or less. Orm cor\fliefttia: ^i:^ . I
..--. |
i
The objective of t is wori; is to develop and demonstrate
a prototype portable anodic-strippin? volta-.Tnetry CASV)
instrument for leasursment of trace concentrations of
wetrvLs iu water sr.rvplcs.
The approach is to design a portable ir.sturr.ient based on
extrapolation from a laboratory instrument developed at I.TiL
that has been in. use for several yenrn. The new prototype
will incorporate several LBL innovations in ASV technology.
Sosijrfi and construction djf tv.'o pcnooyype instrur.ents will
occ-.ir er.rly in.FY 77. First operation tests will be conducted
late in FY 77, and field use will occur in FY 7U.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 231
j. •. IIKY P[,OF LssifjN AL S.:HOOL INVOLVED rvrnic.i/.
:;ncr;.',y ", Tnvironnent Division
51 ON AT c RE OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
CATE
/ • ' ~? •'
FOK OFFICE U5E 0( ^e-.'M».-T
•' .1. AIT,, J,,»MI
• ^ ••. • r.ii;....A r; p rr-Y-
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TASK NO. / <" *
1 liEYOMO CUMRC!
JP.lOJCCTOFriCE!^ 1 //T
1 HCtPOKSIGLC ORGAN! 2 ATION
1 - ; - _
NTA^'K'EL'i' UTAKTINC OA r E
r F.Y.
DATE
•v -;-/
A-235
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f-:-^ 2, &'1D
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
3'04 701- o /
MTLE OF PROJECT
Water Quality Effects Related to Blending Waters
nf Different Origin in Distribution Systems
GIVE NAMES. DEPARTMENTS, AND OFFICIAL TITLES OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS OR PROJECT DIRECTORS ANO ALL OTHER
PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL ENSACEO IN THE PROJECT.
Water Quality and Research Branch, Operations Division
Principal Investigator - Warren K. Schiiapff, PhD, Research Chemist
Project Manager - Harold E. Pearson, PhD, Hater Quality Engineer
NAME AND AOOHE3S OF APPLICANT INSTITUTION
Xetropolitan Water District of Southern California
r.O. Box. 54153, Terminal Annex
Los Angeles, California 90054
SUMMARY OF PROPOSED WORK - (I) Objective*. (2) Approach, (3) Current plans and/or Progress (200 words or Jess. Omit confidential data).
Objectives
1. To evaluate the effects of blending Wo or more waters of different
origin and inorganic chemical content in public water systems as related to
consumer acceptance and consumer costs directly attributable to water quality.
2. To quantify corrosion rates and calcium carbonate deposition tendency in
dynamic water systems before and after blending in order to develop control measures
to minimize deterioration of water system facilities and household plumbing.
Approach j
Data will be gathered on eighteen water quality parameters to treasure j
changes in chemical composition related to corrosion and stability, dissolution of j
metals fron water system facilities and household plumbing, and deterioration in i
quality with respect to turbidity, color, and esthetic acceptability at the I
consuser tap. j
i,urr=nc VISES
The EPA Hobile Water Quality Research Laboratory will be deployed a?;
selected sites within the service area of the Metropolitan Water District of
Southern California where imported waters from the Colorado River and California
aqueducts are blended within its distribution system or nixed with local ground-
Water sources of its member agencies. Chemical and physical testing will be
performed continuously for periods of 48 hours or longer with an on-boaro" computer
to take and store data which will be transferred to KWD's computer center for"
statistical analysis and :cy (concentration vs. time) plotting.
V.MTIFY F-nOF ESSIOMAL SCHOOL lf4VOL VE1O f"-fc 'Jicr,l.
H/A
I
j / / *• ^ t.-'T V/ \^-^^S^S>rrr~y ff
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement iftaGHfittStajsagLY
PROiJECT'DESCREPTIOW NTJMBi
|:.CC01l«TCn C_0-ir»ACT
;R: ^r&u „
' " /
f-'rtOJcCT OFFICER / '
PfSPCNSlPLE ORGANIZATION
FUMD3 OHLIC/.T CD ji.»'. IflO.OF Fviru^C 'rCAh-i T E1N r -\TIVt Lv
1 ASSUWE.O Bf.YOf»o cunatinr ;.Y.
! i
CTAftTiriC OATt
/ _
ESTIM-\T£O «. OMP'..r ~\O't
OATt
A-236
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Index for Predicting Corrosion in Metal Pipes
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: Thurnau
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: University of Florida
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: 3/77 - 3/79
FUNDING LEVEL: FY 77 - $50K
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Several systems in Florida will be sampled in an effort to
determine the relationship between common corrosion indices and the
effect of water on metal pipes.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 233
A-237
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u
PREPARED FOR
TITLE OF PROJECT
Investigation of a
S. ENVIHONMENrAL PSOT6CTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
O««TU.'IM£«OMI
SSIE
EPA
Fluid Bed Carbon Regeneration System at Manchester, N. H.
CWE NAMES. DEPARTMENTS, ANO OFFICIAL TITLES OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS OH PROJECT DIRECTORS AND AUU OTHER
PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL ENGAGED IN THE PROJECT.
1. Project Director: David Kitfredge, P. £., Asst. Director, Manchester Water Works
2. Principal Investigator: Robert Beaurivage, P.E., Water Supply Engineer, Manchester Water Works
3, Asst. Principal Investigator: David Paris, Plant Manager and Chemist, Manchester Water Works
NAME ANO AOORESS OF APPLICANT INSTITUTION
Manchester Water Works
231 Lincoln St.
Monrhester. N. H. 03703
SUMMARY OF PROPOSED WORK - (II Oh|tt.-ttv«»,.(]) ApptoAvh, (J) Current Pltnft *nd/M- Pra.ir*** (300 w
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Post-Filtration Adsorption of Organic
Compounds
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: DeMarco
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Not specified
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: 3/77 - 7/79
FUNDING LEVEL: FY 77 - $285K
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Granular carbon adsorbers will be constructed following filtra-
tion and the performance and economics of organic removal and reacti-
vation will be studied.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 235
A-239
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Treatment of Water for Removal of Asbestos
and Organics
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICERS: Carswell, Logsdon
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: City of Philadelphia
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: 9/77 - 8/79
FUNDING LEVEL: FY 77 - $192K
PROJECT SUMMARY:
This pilot-scale project will investigate the use of polymers
for asbestos removal and a new carbonaceous adsorbent (including
reactivation) for organic removal.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 236
A-240
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U.I. hHVIllOiluf.HT (lOrectTIOM AOt'MCY
HOTICS 0!= RE3CAF!CH PROJECT
Mil i-.'o. fj ( ,V.;,;.|;
RO POft THS «IT)1«>lU»( SClCHCC IJIFORMATIOH EXCHANGE
R004780 Ot
Inaetivatiou o£ tiaturally occurring Kuberoviruaes * ••
ivKMAUK^, n'HAnrn.-'.MT-:. AHO ocKictAt. iin-tt OF pniticiPA.1. mvii-iJIUAroii'i oaV«ojECT oiaKCTOH.1 AHO f.'.L urM'ifi
P.OXEIJIOIIAI. PlitKUHIIKl. KMCACKO III THE PROJECT.
Aariia R. Beaaley, napartsaont of Microbiology, Assistant Processor
i'ii-s, Dopairtecnii o£ Hici.'obiology, Renoarch Instructor
lAiJi Alia Aonnr.-.^ o? API»I.H:A;IT uiiriru i'io)i
Coral aoblea, r-'lorida 33124
:' PRINCIBAL LOCATION.: CORAL' SABLES",'
bs
' '.Using •artificially' poliovlrus-spikad faces, nietUodology will
'developed £or extracting the vii-us and o"btaini(iy hiyh titared pr=
tion witli Low chlorine demand. Major emphasis vtlll lie placed on
• cedurcs -avoiding o;-;oosvtrG to pi! extremes, usa vjill be mads o£ nx
..adsorbing filter ;"C;nbrar;cs, fraor. extraction, exclusion c);rorrsat;cc
and gradient ccntriifuga.tion. the .procedures found to be optimal
used to yield such preparations from naturally shod vi.ir.is ^ollcvM'.r.g
iir-munlsation with poliovj.rus vaccine and duriny tha course of occurrir;-.
v/ild ttnteirovirus ir.Cactions;. The kinetics oL: chiOL'iua iv^acti.vatior. c,z
Kucli preparations v/ill Ija compared v^lti; e;;.ch othar and with thai;: ti:=ir-
culture pascagsd counterparts.
pro
o- —
gra:;i
wi.l
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: ' " 237
112,725
PflO?f.-, litil-lli.il.
J
r.). S'cticol
O/vIK
4/29/7U
.^ 07PICC U5
i>»»,•'•..»r».% !.-;•> i:.:-.-f ri«*«*. /
•/^ | MI, s-; .nr,-H ijq*n r
' I, . i,.._, O il 1.1-'.- A t"
j 60,226
/cl ci ,^/
'
John C. Hoff
MERL, WSRD, MTD
76
•ITAMri'iH ClAVK
10/3/76
10/7/73
A-241
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U.i. £«VI*CNM£NTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTJCH Or RESEARCH PROJECT
OMF1 .N'o. l}S-;.".r>?l
PROJECT NO. fOo
PREPAXSD FCR THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
804898-01
TITLE OF PROJECT
rjj.jr.r-insticn of Giardia cvst viability ^
Givd N AMiV ;E~iaTM£NT3, AN3 OFFICIAL TITLES Of PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS OR PROJECT DIRECTORS ANC ALL OTHSrt
PRO-ESSIGMAL PERSONNEL ENGAGED IN THE PROJECT.
Ernest A. Keyer
Department of Microbiology & Immunology
Professor of Microbiology
S OF APPLICANT INSTITUTION
u*w£ Af. A
University of Oregon Health Sciences Canter
31S1 S.U. San Jackson Park Road
Por Clarxi r Oregon 97201
PRINCIPAL
LOCATION: Portland, OR
WOHK - (1) Objectives. (21 Approach. (3)
i PLjni and/or Progress (200 words or tarns. Os-.tt
1. Objectives: Principal objective is the development of a sensitive/ standardised
Eithic; of determining whether or not Giardia cysts are viable.
2. Approach/Current Plans:
A. Obtaining a suosly cf Giardia cysts. Asymptomatic, Giardia-infected hosts will
be icentitisd 2n.d~~uTEcT~as a source of cysts. Human hoses Tfrom the Univ. of
Ore. Health Sciences Center) or monkey hosts (Oregon Regional Primate Center)
nay be ussd; a supply of dogs is also available.
5 8, Purification ar.d concentration of Giardia cysts from fecal matter. Severs I
r.sthods wi i.'. oe tested ana tne mast suitsale one aaaptea. These include the
filtration of hc.-ogenized fscal suspension through graded (5, 10, 15 IIP.) nylon
screensr and the use of sucrose density gradients.
C. Determination of cvst viability will be approached in several ways:
(1) The positive/negative culcure method/ in which the minimum number of
cysts needed to establish a culture is determined.
(23 Cyst infectivity: development of a suitable animal model. Kcr.nal as well
as im-unosuppressed animals will be tested for this purpose. Preliminary
experiments suggest that the inmunosuppressed mouse is capable of
supporting infections of Giardi3_ recovered fror- ssn.
Quantitatad bioluminescence. Tnis .riethod involves determining u-hether
ATP» present in all living cells, is demonstrable jiid quantifiable in
Giardia cysts.
• CATEGORY OF RESE.iRCH: Measurement and Monitoring
83,9'64
PROJECT DESCRIPTION STJMBER:
_ j ~ I G A r O H
ros OPFICC USE ONLY
t-j TASK NO,
I PROJECT OF net: R
I John C. Ho_fj[
I fvSPONSI ULt O=i jAMI Z ATiC
MERL, WSRD, MTB
41,933
A-242
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Alternative Disinfection Field Study
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: Hoff
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: University of Missouri
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: 10/76 - 9/78
FUNDING LEVEL: FY 76 - $295K
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Determine th-e efficiency of laternative disinfection methods
(chlorine, chlorine dioxide, arid ozone) and other water treatment
processes for inactivation or removal of naturally occurring entero-
viruses in water.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 239
A-243
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Microbial Impact of Treatment Modifications
(ORSANCO)
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICERS: Nash, Feige
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: 6/76 - 6/79
FUNDING LEVEL: FY 76 - $5OK
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Determine influence of water treatment modifications on the
bacteriological water quality.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 240
A-244
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Microbiological Occurrences in Distribution Systems
Form Apprcn
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Cross Connection Barrier Concepts
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA, Water Supply Research Division
PROJECT OFFICER: Allen
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: The Johns Hopkins University
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: 7/76 - 6/78
FUNDING LEVEL: FY 77 - $65K
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Determination of types and concentrations fo residual chlorine
in distribution systems most efficiently inactivates pathogenic
organisms introduced through system defects.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 242
A-246
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U.S. CiNVI HO'IVEN T M. PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT 110. I
SS1E
t'REPAhCO FOR THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFOP.MATIOM EXCHANGE
R 8 0 -i -14 i Q'Z
.•-! 1 c(iica 11 y_Mediafced Corrosion &_Qeterioration of Hater Quality in Hater Distribution j
.!. •, A;.-? >. 0',r/.HTUCNTS. ANO OFFICIAL TITLES OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS OR PROJECT DIRECTORS AND ALL oTr^ri'"'^ '~ j
t or r.5jlC"< AL PERSONNEL ENCAGED IN THE PROJECT.
lohn T. O'Connor, Chairirian, Dopartir.cnt of Civil Engineering-Principal Investigator
Blwnkha K. Banerji, Assoc. Professor, Cspartmont of Civil Engr.-Co-Principal Investigate
i Ao;;:vE-i OF APPLICANT INSTITUTION
Diversity of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65201
Tiic objectives of the research project are 10:
1. Detcrnine the extent and nature of water quality problems originating in
••.•;:t£" distribution systems in the U.S.
2. Conduct laboratory studies to assess the potential for a treated water to
prorrot-:- scdir.ant deposition £"d microbial growth in distribution sysisms.
3. Deternine the role of microorganisms in mediating chemical changes observed
i:s distribution systems.
4. Oeter.-ii.no remedial measures for controlling sediment deposition, organisni
Si-o'.-.th and quality dsterioration.
5. Prepare a guidelines doc'-.r:ent for use by water utilities for assassin'.; ar.cl
controlling v/ater quality problems in distribution systems.
A naticn-wide rail survey, fo11ov:ed by selected site visits will be made to
determine tnc extent and nature of water quality problems in distribution systems.
Laboratory studies v/ill be conduc'ed using pipe loops to esterr.ir.e the wat^r quality
changes under varied conditions ov input v;ater quality. Alternate inethocs to control
the water quality deterioration in laboratory pipe loops will also be tasted.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Measurement and Monitoring, Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 243
• : ',; •• :--,,, | si;vJ.i.M. 500-.-L iNVO^vtC ; W... („•...'.
^-.,
-_A :.-/••,- ;;. (_.,„. j, ^^\-....->.
;iGM '"> * ^- L'^ -O F r'HINL'la-.L IN VE$^.:^ ATCR
--'^'-^ > •/,'''
—''•.""/-- x ^- C;-".---' —
CAT£
,.
/ /f- / /
FOS OFFI^S USS ONLY
, i - "•' -"-- . .iwu- -t .':.•.•!. ...
K. I?
i V -T . I NO. O' r v.i 7!ir:'" V C •*""'!1 T 'J T A " •'- &'_ V
} flSjjKKn 'jf-i.i.jo C-K^I:NI i-.i.
i 5 T A f, T ! N G OAT1.'.
! v/,/7*
A-247
-------
U.S. CH VI HONMlI'l T Al_ PROTECTION
NOTICE OF RESEAKCH PROJECT
PHOJLCT NO. (Do ,.o( uif
SSIE
PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
TITLE OH PROJECT
The Affect of Turbidity on Bacterial Counts and Coliforra Enumeration in '/,'p.ter^Dir,;
GIVE N A~M E S, DEPARTMENTS. AND OFFICIAL TITLES OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS OR PROJECT DIRECTORS AN a" ALL OTnLf
PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL ENCAGED IN THE PROJECT.
J. Kevin Reilly - Principal Investigator and Project Manager
Joyce Kippen - Co-Investigator
Roger McDonald - Computer Analyst
"4E AN'O A30HESS OF APPLICANT INSTITUTION
Salen and Beverly Water Supply Board
Arlington Avenue
Beverly, Massachusetts01915
PRINCIPAL
LOCATION: Salem, MA
The two distribution systems of Salem and Beverly would be studied along
with their cornnion source by measuring various microbiological, chemical and
physical parameters to help determine if certain criteria should be used in
measuring water quality. The information obtained would be cross matched to
-determine if there was 3 significant correlation between the csta gathered.
Tiie microbiological tests performed would be the standard plate count, coliforra
enumeration ali'd identification. The chemical tests would consist of pH and
chlorine measurements while the physical parameters of turbidity and tLimpc-rst-re
would be measured. Special attention would be paid to the relationships becveen
the level of turbidity vs. the standard plate count and the standard piste count
vs. coliform count. Also, care would be taken to identify organisms that are
able to grow on the media of the standard plate count and coliforra test so
that it could be determined what organises are competing for the Sams nutrier.zs
on the plates and in the distribution systen. With all the tests and identifi-
cations performed it could then be determined,one, how effectively the colifora
test is performing; two, whether the turbidity levels affect the general
aiicro'nial and coliform populations; three, whether the new identification
procedures could be used effectively by water laboratories. This basic
information could be used to determine whether or not standards should be set
and if thev should be. then whet level should the standards be set at.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
$57,640 PROJECT DESCRIPTION DUMBER: 244
/• /'
FOR OFFICE USE ONLY
Dc>OJF.CT OF riCEK
[ Raymond H . Taylor
I HL£ OMC AM! i_ AT i G 'J
A-248
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J.S. FNVIRONMSMTAL PBOTr.CTION AJEM
NOTICE Or- RESEARCH PROJECT
PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
RQG5103 01
Hindrance of Goliform Recovery by Turbidity and Nor.-Coliforms
•,-i II »MES, DEPARTMENTS. AU3 OFFICIAL TITLES OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS OR PROJECT QIHECTOHS AN O ALL OTHER
^-IFESSICNAL PERSONNEL ENGAGED IN THE PROJECT.
Diane 5. Hersoni Associate Professor, Biological Sciences Department,
University of Delaware
Hugo T.s Victoreen, Laboratory Director, Wilmington Water Department
it ,
• v\ ANO AOC^ESS O? ABP'.iCANT INSTITUTION
University of Delaware
Nev.-ark, Delay/are
19711
The principal objective of this project is to evaluate the
recovsrability of colifor~s fron '.vaters v/hich have: a) high
populations of non-ooliform orgar.isr".s; and b) high levels of
turbidity dus "uo natural mineral turbiaitj". hyciratari oxidas and
organic debris. An attasipt will be made to distinguish the physica
interference effects of turbidity froir. those effects causad by tiie
grov.'th of competing or.ganisriS. This ;nay be accomplished byi
a) selecting turbidities which vary in their niicrobi =1 r.r.ntfl-nt.
b; selectively reducing the .r.icrobial content of a turbidity, and
c) separating the turbidity fro.T. its source water and totally
removing the tr.icrobfel content by sterilization. The extant of
inhibition of coliform recovery and the interaction of these vario-
factors will also be considered.
A secondary objective is to determine the mechanism of
inhibition. The most likely possibilities are: a) competition
for nutrients, b) liberation of an inhibitory substance by the
non-coliforr/.s i and c) overgrowth of the coliforms by non-coliforrr.s
on laboratory media.
HY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoting ,
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 245
SCHOOL INVCLVEP '•.;-'/;>a/, JS10NATUSE OF PRINCIPAL IKVi5'"'.GATOR
livarsity - Graduate School
FOF: o?ncs '-'SE ONLY
TASK ;:o.
I i ^ U I
I •••ICC 71 AT c^ CONTX J.C T
-T- OSLi-jATCO i F,Y. I '1C . C ~ «•' ,j r 1.1': <-. • £ 4 ~ C T£.M T A ~) VE-'
j j 4SiUHa3 9EVOf.D CL'^Rfi.'. T f-'.r.
HO--T: 57fO-l (7-72) MCrLACCS »HS FOf.M :55 «MB JI-5IE 7SA V.'UICM >!AY -:CT HE IJi£D.
S740-1 :;-;:!
A-249
-------
U.3. ENVIRONMENTAL PPOTECT'.ON ACENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
O.MS .vo. ns-Rcos:
PBOJECT MO. (Da
PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
PE 1CC614, AP 614A, SOS 2
TITLE OP PROJECT
14C - Indicator Measurements - Rapid Methods
CIVS »AM£5. DEPARTMENTS. AND OFFICIAL TITLES Of PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS Oft PSOJSCT DIRECTORS ANO ALL OTHER
PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL ENCAGED IN THE PROJECT.
Donald J. Reasoner, Ph.D., Research Microbiologist; Janet L. Slannon, Biological Techni-
cian; Microbiological Treatment Branch, Water Supply Research Division, Municipal
Environmental Research Laboratory, Environmental Research Center, USEPA
MAMS AtJO ADDRESS OF APPLICANT INSTITUTION
N/A
PROPOSED WORK- (1) Objective*. (2) Approach. (3) Current Plans and/op progress {230 words dp less. Oaic confidential data).
n. Your su£=arr it C9 b« used fo
1. OBJECTIVES: To investigate and develop rapid methods 14-6 hr.) for detection and
quantitation of sanitary indicator microorganisms in treated water.
2. APPROACH: Methods utilizing modified coventional bacteriological media and
procedures and methods incorporating 140-labelad substrates will be developed and/or
modified to facilitate rapid detection and quantitation of indicator microorganisms.
These tests ara based on pH colorimetric changes and release of 14CO- from 14C-labeled
substrates, respectively.
3. CoRRENT PLANS AND/OR PROGRESS: Currently, a modified conventional procedure, the 1-
hour fecal coliform (m-7HrFC) test has been developed and is in the final stages of
testing. Two media manufacturers have provided trial batches of the m-7HrFC medium for
comparative testing and a paper for publication is partially completed. Additionally,
a rapid detection method based on release of 14CO, from uniformly labeled 14C-mannitol
has been developed that permits detection of fecat conforms in water in 4-5 hours.
Further testing is planned to determine sample to sample reproducibility, precision
and sensitivity of the 14CO- release procedure.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 246
PROh tSSICNAL. SCHOOL IN VOL VEO f
N/A
SIGNATURE OP PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
Donald J. Reasoner
June 1. 1977.
FOR OFFICE USE QW.Y
» £5C ARCH •; « AN r
59K
EPA F-»r, 5HO-i i7-)2)
77
NO.
26
PROJECT OKFlCsB
Dr. Donald J. Reascner
PSSFONSISLE: CP.J-NI SATICN
MTB, Water Supply Research Division.
ASSUREO QEYONO C'JRHENT F.v.
TJNG 0 A7
6/72
9/77
iE 75A WHi;;)l MAi* NOT 3~ US50.
A-250
-------
MHM*TI f«*v«~**-
tNVIRON&ENTAL PROTECTION ACEMCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
.
O.MS ,Vo. IJ-S-R008/
PROJECT NO. fOo not
SSI E
PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
TITLE OF PROJECT
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) Method Feasibility, EPA-IAG-06-0982
PE 1CC614, AP614, SOS2
GIVE NAMES. DEPARTMENTS, AND OFFICIAL TITLES Of PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS OR PROJECT DIRECTORS AND ALL OTHER
PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL ENGAGED IN THE PROJECT.
Grace L4 Picciolo, Ph.D., Instrument Branch, Technology Applications, Goddard Space
Flight Center, NASA, Greenbelt, MD 20771
Donald J. Reasoner, Ph.D., Res. Microbiologist, Microbiological Treatment Branch, Water
Supply Research Div., Municipal Environmental R:ch. Lab., Cincinnati, OH USEPA
NAME ANO ADDRESS OF APPLICANT INSTITUTION
Goddard Space night Center
NASA, Greenbelt, MD 20771
Project Location: Greenbelt, MD
SUMMARY OF PROPOSED WORK- (1) Objectives. (2) -Approach, C3> Current Plans and/or Progress (200 words or less. O=ut confidential da'.a).
porting research and d
arded to investigators who request such information-. You
ummary is to ba used for theae purposes.
1. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the potential application of the firefly luciferin-luci-
ferase ATP assay to monitor bacterial population levels in treated distribution water
and feasibility as a rapid monitoring technique.
2. APPROACH: State-of-the-art firefly luciferin-luciferase ATP methodology will be
evaluated for use in developing an automatable rapid monitoring procedure for total
bacterial populations in treated drinking water. Techniques will be examined for
concentrating bacteria from the water that allow quantitative extraction of,ATP from the
bacteria and also permit quantitation of the bacteria for comparative purposes.
3. CURRENT PLANS AND/OR PROGRES: Several devices for use in concentrating bacteria from
water have been evaluated. Results have shown that when combined with a semi-automated
flow system for ATP extraction and assay, the concentration devices tend to retain some
variable portion of the bacterial population even when combined with a backwash procedure.
Additionally, the concentration factor has been less than 100 fold; theoretical calcu-
lations show that approximately,;!000 fold concentration is needed to achieve minimum
sensitivity level of about 5x10'' bacteria/ml for the ATP assay when working with total
bacterial populations in treated water £500 per milliliter.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 247
TOTAL PROJECT COSTS: 145.5K
IOENTIFY PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL INVl
tlftn.it. i-u-.J
N/A
SUPPORT METHOD (CIi,-,-l. uii,.|
r UNOS CGLISAT ED F.Y. NO. OF
ASSURE
59 77
3UVED (Mtftfir.-ii. SIGNATURE OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
GRACE L. PICCIOLO
JUNE 1, 1977
• FOR OFFICE USE ONLY
TASK MO. PROJECT OFFICER
Dr. D. J. Reasoner
27 RESPONSIBLE ORGANIZATION
MTB, Water Supoly Res. Div
"UrURG YeAHS TI-NTATIVELY STARTING DATE
^VONOCUK^TF.Y. ^^
., MERI.
ESTIMATED rCMPLS.Ti:..1.
DAV".
6/79
j EPA Fom37iO-l (7-72) REPLACES PHS FORM 166 ANJ 51-SIE 76A WHICH MAY NOT HE Uj
A-251
-------
U.S. ENVI RCNMEN TAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PREPARES FOR THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGc
Detectipn_.qJLGi;irdlia -in-
t NAMi-:-;. OEPARTMtMT^. AMU OFFICIAL TITLES OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS On PROJECT DIRECTORS ANO ALL OTHER t
j PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL tNGAGEO IN THE PROJECT. i
' All professional personnel engaged in this project are with the Division of |
i Laboratories and Research, New Yori; State Department of Health. Walter Stahl, Ph.D.
'• Senior Research Scientist (Principal Investigator); Hassan A. Gaafar, M.S., Ph.D., ;
1 >H]vct:or of Dacteriolou->,
; UAMCANcJ Hai"il7'.>b\jF APHLIC-AN I' INSTITUTION :
Health Kesearch, Inc. and New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, ]
Albany, NY 12237 j
The major objective of the proposed research is to develop a practical end reiiab'.>
"procedure which will facilitate the detection of Ciardia cysts in large volumes of \
water. '
125. , i
Ciardia will be labeled with i and used to determine the eriectiver.ess or i
various concentration and filtration niethods. Antibodies to Ciardia '-/ill be produced,;
tagged with I, ana used to develop a radioin;r,-,unoassay (SIA) test. The sensitivity !
of the inmunologic test in detecting Ciardia will be compared to that of direct I
nicroscopy, currently the only diagnostic method available. I
These basic experiments are expected to provide meaningful data concerning (1) ;
the physical properties of Giardia cysts in water, (2) the efficacy of various cyst- '
concentration procedures, and (3) the development of a practic£il and sensitive !
detection procedure. !
CATEGORY OF RESEAE.CH: Measurement and Monitoring
•' PROJECT DESCRIPTION NtMBER: 243
V irlG ATOrt
I FOk- 01'FICE USE JNLY
I ,l.,-.-p,IT M. I
A-252
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Occurrence and Effects of Organic Contami-
nants in Drinking Water, Task 1
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA-HERL-Cincinnati
PROJECT OFFICER: R. G. Tardiff
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Ohio State University
PROJECT STAFF: Dr. F. Bernard Daniel
PROJECT DATES: 1977 - 1979
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Study:
1. DNA binding of concentrates from 5 city study showing mutagenic
activity,
2. Estimating of mutagenicity of microsomally generated metabolites
of the potent carcinogen DMBA and to determine those responsible
for carcinogenic transformation, and
3. Comparison of carcinogenic hydrocarbon binding to DNA in various
susceptible and nonsusceptible organs of different rodent species,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 249
A-253
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Determination of the in vitro mutagenic
potential of 21 compounds in drinking water
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: R. G. Tardiff
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Test 21 organic compounds on 5 strains of Salmonella Typhimurium
in the presence and absence of a liver henogenate metabolic activation
system. The following compounds were tested: 2-chloropropene, 1-
chloropropene, dichloracetonitrile, Aldrin, 1-borneol, l-chloro-3
nitrobenzene, 3-chlorotoluene, crotonaldehyde, DDT, 2, 4-dichloro-
phenoxy acetic acid, dichloroacetonitril, cis-1, 2, dichloroethylene,
trans-1, 2, dichloroethylene, 1, 1-dichloroetane, isopropyl benzene,
.1-methyl napthalene, nitromethane, pyrene, 1, 1, 1-trichloroethane,
2, 4, 6-trichlorophenol, 1, 2, 3-trimethyl benzene.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Health effects
250
A-254
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE:
Endotoxins in Wastewaters
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
EPA
Pahren
EPA
Unknown
In progress - 4/77
Unknown
Initiate a sampling program on endotoxin levels and coliform
densities after various treatment units in the EPA sewage treatment
pilot plant.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 251
A-255
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Separation of Inorganic Salt from Organic
Solutes Present in Drinking Water
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Kopfler
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Southern Research Institute
PROJECT STAFF: In progress as of 4/77
PROJECT DATES: Completed
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Not provided.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Control Technology
252
A-256
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Collection of Organics from Drinking Water
at Miami, FL; Seattle, WA; Ottumwa, IA; for
Chemical Characterization and Toxicity Studies
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Kopfler
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Gulf South Research Institute
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Not provided.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
253
A-257
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Collection of Organics from Drinking Water
of New Orleans, tA, for Chemical Characteri-
zation and Toxicity Studies
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Kopfler
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Gulf South Research Institute
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Not provided.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Health Effects
254
A-258
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE:
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Tardiff
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Mutagenic Testing of Environmental Samples
Stanford Research Institute
Unknown
Completed as of 4/77
Unknown
The obj ective of this program was to investigate the mutagenic
potential of wastewater concentrates from several advanced waste
treatment plants.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
255
A-25 9
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
GC/MS Analysis of Organics in Drinking Water
Concentrates
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Melton
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Not provided.
Award under final negotiations, 4/77
Unknown
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Measurement and Monitoring
256
A-260
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Application of Liquid Chromatography to
Identification of Organics in Tap Water
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Kopfler
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
To fractionate organic concentrates from the water collected in
studies 253 and 254 and to test the concentrates for in vitro bacterial
mutagenic activity as well as mammalian cellular transformation.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Measurement and Monitoring
257
A-261
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Occurrence and Effects of Organic Contaminants
in Drinking Water - Mutagenic and Carcinogenic
Effects of Metabolic Activation
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Tardiff
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: University of Cincinnati, Dept. of Microbiology
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Study samples from the five cities studies (Numbers 253 and 254)
by means of bacterial mutagenesis studies, mammalian cell toxicity
studies, and carcinogenic transformation frequencies. Specific ex-
periments have also examined the changes in mutagenesis in a PCB-induced
microsomal activation system; and the decay of mutagenic activity with
time.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Health Effects
258
A-262
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Assessment in vivo of Tumorigenic Potential
of Organic Concentrates and Compounds in
Neonatal Model
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
EPA
Robinson
EPA
Unknown
In progress - 4/77
Unknown
Assess the tumorigenic potential of bis(2-chloroisopropyl)ether
and bis(2-chloroethyl)ether, including a one-year hematology assay.
CSTEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 259
A-263
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Determination of in vivo and in vitro Muta-
genic Potential of Bis(2-chloroisopropyl)-
ether
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
EPA
Tardiff
Stanford Research Institute
Unknown
In progress - 4/77
Unknown
Conducted heritable translocation tests in mice to determine
the in vivo mutagenicity of bis(2-chloroisopropyl)ether. All breed-
ing data were evaluated and correlated with cytogenetic examinations.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 260
A-264
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Determination of in vivo and in vitro
Mutagenic Potential of Bis(2-chloro-
ethyl) Ether
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Tardiff
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Standard Research Institute
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Unknown
In progress - 4/77
Unknown
Conducted heritable translocation tests in mice to determine the
mutagenicity of bis(2-chloro)ether. All breeding data were evaluated
and correlated with cytogenetic examinations.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 261
A-265
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Identification and Quantification of
Metabolites in Relation to Comparative
Metabolism Research
SPONSORING ORGANISATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
EPA
Lingg
EPA - Cincinnati
Unkn own
In progress - ki
Unknown
GC/MS analysis of urine samples from animals before and after
receiving toxic doses of BCIE. Develop metabolic profile using total
number of compounds, quantity of each compound, identity of each
compound.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 262
A-266
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Investigation of the Metabolism of Chlorinated
Hydrocarbons in Subhuman Primates
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Tardiff
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Univ. of Cincinnati
Unknown
In progress - 4/77
Unknown
Determine the effect of multiple oral daily doses of bis(2-chloro-
isopropyl)ether in female rhesus monkeys, particularly with regard to
the toxicokinetics of the chemical.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 263
A-267
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Selected Organic Water Contaminants on
Male Reproductive Function
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Tardiff
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Medical College of Virginia
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Unknown
In progress - 4/77
Unknown
Conducted dominant lethal studies with hexachlorobenzene to
determine effects on male reproductive function.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 264
A-268
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Effects of Halogenated Aromatic Hydro-
carbons on the Metabolism of Foreign
Organic Compounds
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Not provided.
EPA
Tardiff
Purdue Univ.
Unknown
In progress - 4/77
Unknown
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 265
A-269
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE:
Investigation of Synergistic Potential of
Known Organics in Tap Water
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANZIATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
EPA
Tardiff
EPA
Unknown
In progress - 4/77
Unknown
Subchronic toxicity study of bis(2-chloroethyl)ether in rats;
comparative acute toxicity studies of dibromochloromethane and bromo-
dichloromethane as part of chronic toxicity assays and interaction
studies.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 266
A-270
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Toxicological Evaluation of Organic Reaction
Products of Alternate Disinfectants
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Tardiff and Kopfler
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress - 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Study the comparative cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of alternate
disinfectant by-products.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 267
A-271
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Effects of Selected Organic Contaminants
from Drinking Water on the Functions of
the Reproductive, Nervous, and Immune
Systems
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Tardiff
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Medical College of Virginia
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress - 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Examine the effects of trihalomethanes on the functional activity
of the reticuloendothelial system and on tumor growth. Develop
methods for evaluating the effects of trihalomethanes on host resistance,
Evaluate the effects on brain neurochemical systems. Develop instru-
mentation fior mouse behavioral studies. Compounds studied include:
trichloromethane; tribromomethane; bromodichloromethane; and dibromo-
chloromethane.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 268
A-272
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Study of Cancer in Eight Pennsylvania
Counties in Relation to Environmental
Exposure with Analyses of Role of Drinking
Water
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
EPA
Greathouse
EPA
Unknown
In progress - 4/77
Unknown
To use hospital and mortality data to study the relationship of
cancer to environmental exposure with analyses of role of drinking
water.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 269
A-273
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE:
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
Cancer Risk Assessment from Chlorination
EPA
McCabe
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Johns Hopkins Univ.
Profi.. Kruse
Grant Application package sent to GAO for
funding as of 4/77
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Evaluate liver cancer incidence in Hagerstown, Maryland relative
to the concentration of chloroform in the water system.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 270
A-274
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Man's Exposure to Halogenated Organics
from His Drinking Water
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Determine man's exposure and body levels of halogenated organics
EPA
McCabe
Univ. of Maimi
Unknown
In progress - 4/77
Unknown
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 271
A-275
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Analyses to Evaluate Organic Chemical
Exposure in Support of Epidemiclogical
Studies
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Kepfler
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Unknown
Grant yet to be awarded
Unknown
Analyze water samples to evaluate organic chemical exposure in
support of epidemiological studies. Analyze total organic carbon
and purgeable halogenated organics.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 272
A-276
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE:
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Water Sampling and Data Gathering in
Counties with High and Low Cancer Rates
EPA
Greathouse
EPA
Unknown
In. progress as of 4/77
Unknown
Sample water in counties with high and low cancer rates. Collect
historical data where available.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Measurement and Monitoring
273
A-277
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE:
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Assessment of Subchronic Exposure to
Volatile Organic Compounds on Microbial
Induced Acute Respiratory Disease
EPA
Campbell
EPA
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
To assess subchronic exposure to volatile organic compounds on
microbial induced acute respiratory disease. Includes preliminary
testing of species susceptibility. The principal compound considered
is tetrachlorodibenzoparadoioxin (TCDD).
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Health Effects
274
A-278
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE:
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Water Source and Characteristics and
Malignancy Rates of Selected Sites and
Selected Parishes in Louisiana
EPA
Cantor
Tulane Univeristy
Dr. Gottlieb
Grant package sent to GAD for funding
as of 4/77
Unknown
To study correlation of water quality with cancer in the New
Orleans area.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Health Effects
275
A-279
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: The Assessment of Chlorine Dioxide in
Drinking Water on Hematopoietic System
of African Green Monkeys
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Bercz
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
To investigate the hematopoietic effects of chlorine dioxide in
drinking water of African Green monkeys.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 276
A-280
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE:
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Identification and Quantification of Non-
Volatile Organic Substances in Municipal
Water Supplies
EPA
Coleman
Southern University
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
Water samples were passed over activated carbon and XAD-4 resins;
extracts were analyzed by gas chromatograph, using an electron capture
detector to determine non-volatile halogenated organic components.
Second stage analysis was by liquid chromatography. Samples were taken
from wells at Southern University and Baton Rouge.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Measurement and Monitoring
277
A-281
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Survey of Community Drinking Water Supplies
for Inorganic Contaminants Not in the Drink-
ing Water Standards
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Ulmer and Craun
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Purdue University
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Perform approximately 6180 multielemental analyses of drinking
water supplies.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 278
A-282
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: A Study of Materials Leached from Plastic
Pipe in a Dynamic System
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Ulmer
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Georgia Institute of Technology
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Dynamic flow testing to determine ppb amounts of Pb, Sn, Cu,
Cd, Zn, and other materials Leached from plastic pipe.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION.
NUMBER: 279
A-283
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Study of Sample Preservation Methods and
Sample Stability to Give Validity to
Analysis of Water Samples Collected in
the Field Studies
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Ulmer
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Study the stability of elemental concentration of water samples
over 18 months. In addition, an interlaboratory comparison of multi-
elemental analyses technology was conducted to help interpret data in
the cardiovascular disease study.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 280
A-284
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Epidemiological Study of Water Quality
and Cardiovascular Disease
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Greathouse and Ulmer
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Purdue University
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Analyze approximately 6180 samples and compare to regional
distribution of Cardovasular Disease.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 281
A-285
-------
U.S. ENVIRONHENTAL PROTECTIONS AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Analytical Support, Compare Water Quality
in U.S. Counties with High and Low Mor-
tality Due to Cardiovascular Disease
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Ulmer
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Purdue University
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: To begin as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY;
Multielemental analysis of drinking water samples by proton-
induced x-ray emission technology.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 282
A-286
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Health Effects of Human Exposure to Barium
in Drinking Water
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Lippy
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: University of Illinois
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Household interviews, collection of water samples for 81 element
analyses (by Purdue University) and analysis of death certificates to
study cardiovascular disease epidemiology in high and low barium com-
munities.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 283
A-287
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Study of the Synergistic/Antagonistic
Effects of Hard (Ca, Mg) and Soft (Pb,
Cd) Water Constituents in Appropriate
Animal Models for Cardiovascular Disease
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Bull
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: University of Mississippi Medical Center
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77 (began 3/77)
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Study the effects of Ca, Mg, Pb, Cd, Na, and K, both independently
and in all possible combinations, on cardiovascular disease in rats, and
to attempt to modify the course of induced atherosclerotic lesions with
water factors.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 284
A-288
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE:
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Study of the Synergistic/Antagonistic
Effects of Hard (Ca, Mg) and Soft (Pb,
Cd) Water Constituents in Appropriate
Animal Models for Cardiovascular Disease
EPA
Ball
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ERDA)
Unknown
Not finally consumated as of 4/77
Unknown
Determine Ca and Mg requirements of pigeons and determine optimal
Pb and Cd concentrations for testing. Then proceed to study pigeons
longitudinally for onset of atherosclerotic pathology with regard to
Ca, Mg, Pb, Cd, and lipid intake in order to help clarify the epidemio-
logical associations between water hardness and cardiovascular diseases.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Health Effects
285
A-289
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Effects of Hard Water Constituents on
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Heffernan
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Study the effects of hard water constituents and sodium on
spontaneously hypertensive rats.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 286
A-290
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Analytical Support for Study of the Body
Burden of Trace Elements (Pb, Fe, Cu, Zn)
in Boston Before and After Addition of
Corrosion Control Chemical
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Ulmer
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Use of flameless Atomic absorption technology with standard
additions approach and Wang linear least squares program to produce
accurate determinations of trace elements.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 287
A-291
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE:
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PRLJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Cross-Transmission of Giardia
EPA
Ericksen
Colorado State University
Unknown
Grant package forwarded to GAG for
funding 3/77.
Unknown
Determine if up to 33 species of wild and domestic animals are
susceptible to human Giardia and may, therefore act as sources for
contamination of drinking water supplies.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Measurement and Monitoring
Environmental Transport
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
288
A-292
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Physiological Availability of Metals in
Water Compared to Food
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Bull
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Oregon State University
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Use radioisotopes to determine the absorption of cadmium and
selenium from food and water, and compare results to water data col-
lected over two years.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 289
A-293
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE:
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Not provided.
Effects of Cadmium on Renovascular Function
EPA
Heffernan
EPA
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Health Effects
290
A-294
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Effect of Organotins on Metabolic Integrity
of the C.N.S.
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Bull
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Study the effects of Dimethyltin dichloride, dibutytin dichloride,
triethyltin chloride on brain metabolism.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 291
A-295
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Effect of Lead on Metabolic Development
of the C.N.S.
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Bull
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Observe retention of lead in brain and blood of rats, and changes
in metabolic responses of tissues.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 292
A-296
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE:
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Not provided.
Behavioral Effects of Lead on the Neonatal
Primate
EPA
Bull
Iowa State University
Unknown
In progress as of kill; began 3/77
Unknown
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Health Effects
293
A-297
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Effect of Lead on Synaptogenesis and the
Effects of Organotins on Functional
Metabolism of Platelets and Liver
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Bull
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Temple University
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
In vivo and in vitro experiments to examine kidney damage, brain
development in animals treated with lead.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 294
A-298
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE:
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Not provided.
Effect of Polyphosphate Compounds Used in
Drinking Water Treatment on Tract Metal
Metabolism
EPA
Bull
Unknown
Unknown
A grant proposal is being prepared as of
4/77
Unknown
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Health Effects
295
A-299
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE:
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Study algae production of endotoxins.
Study Occurrence and Significance of
Toxigenic Algae in Open Finished Water
Reservoirs
EPA
Lippy
University of Pittsburgh,
Graduate School of Public Health
Unknown
Grant application not yet submitted as
of 4/77
Unknown
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
296
A-300
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Effects of Cadmium and Lead on Cell-
Mediated Immunity
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Bull
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Oregon State University
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: 2/76 - 2/78
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Evaluate effects of lead and cadmium on T-helper cell function.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 297
A-301
-------
SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Room 300 • 1730 M Street, N.W. "Washington, O.C. • 20036 j GUY.-27
Telephone (202) 381-4211 .Telex 39495
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
j'JiS. SEPT. OF THE 1NT23IC3
CFTICE OF WATS? 3£S. £ TSCH,
ANALYSIS OF
AND PHIMABt AMINES I).' WATER
CARSO!!
CHEMISTS*
AMES, UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OP AHTS
MASS. £ KSBHASXA A'/E, N.«,
OISTSICT OF COLUMBIA 2'
11/74. TO 11/75
F?75 FUNDS 516,356
01,6
The proposed atudy.should laad to the development of a quantitative
calorimetric assay for suimictogram quantities of am-ionia and Primary
amines found IP bcth natural and treated fresh water sources, The assay
:ls Planned ta be inexpensive *nd reliable, giving accurate results in
the hands of relatively untrained personnel,
The chemistry of reactions of ammonia and amines with, 2,5-
•dimatJioxyoxolane and (S)-p-diuethylaminoeinnamaldehyde will Se
investigated, The atoiehioraetry of these reactions ana the structures
of the products will be determined using elemental analysis and spectral
methods such 13 't«a, IS, UV-vislble, and nass spectroraetry, Tne intense
afisorptlon of the products in the visible region of the spectrum will
constitute the basis of the colorlaatric assay,
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 298
A-302
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Cocarcinogenic Potential of Arsenic in
Drinking water
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Heffernan
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: University of the Pacific
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Determine the cocarcinogenic potential of arsenic in drinking
water.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 299
A-30 3
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Inorganic Analyses of Drinking Water in
High and L ow Cancer Counties
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Ulmer and Rafferty
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Purdue University and EPA
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Multielemental analyses by Purdue and inhouse inorganic analyses
for pH, alk., sp. cond., F, Na, Li, ultraviolet absorption, fluorescence.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 300
A-304
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Use of S_. typhimurium Strains for Screen-
ing Compounds Present in Drinking Water
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Craun
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Atlanta University
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Testing of unconcentrated raw and treated water at Atlanta for
mutagenic activity in _S_. typhimurium. Test organics in New Orleans
water, xylene, benzyl butyl phthalate and several carpet dyes which
affect Georgia water supplies.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 301
A-305
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE:
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Not provided.
Health Effects of Nitrate in Water
EPA
McCabe
Hadassah Medical School, Hebrew University,
Jerusalem
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
Health Effects
302
A-306
-------
PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Evaluation of Health Effects of Alternate
Disinfectants to Chlorine
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
EPA
Heffernan
EPA
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Perform rat studies with chlorite, measuring hemoglobin levels,
packed cell volumes and red cell counts; monitor erythrocyle survival
times in cats consuming chlorite in drinking water. Extend to other
disinfectants, i.e., chloramines.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Health Effects
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
303
A-307
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Arsenic Speciation in Water Samples
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Kopfler
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Texas A&M
PROJECT STAFF: Unknown
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Analysis of 2 Alaskan well waters for concentration and form
of As.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 304
A-308
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE: Occurrence of Giardia in Drinking Water
Supplies
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER: Ericksen, Chang, and Jakerbowski
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: Colorado State University
PROJECT STAFF: Dr. Hibler
PROJECT DATES: In progress as of 4/77
FUNDING LEVEL: Unknown
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Determine occurrence of Giardia in water supplies and signifi-
cance in transmission of disease. Refine indirect fluorescence anti-
body detection method.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER: 305
A-309
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PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Unique Approaches to Propagation of
Hepatitus - A Virus in Cell Culture and
Animals
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Not provided
EPA
Akin
Christ Hospital Institute for Medical Research
Unknown
Began 3/77
Unknown
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
306
A-310
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PROJECT TITLE:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Evaluate and Standardize Methods for
Concentrating and Recovering Viruses from
Water
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION: EPA
PROJECT OFFICER:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Jakubowski and Williams
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION: EPA
Unknown
In progress as of 4/77
Unknown
Study of millipore ultrafiltration performance for analysis of
virus concentration in water; determine factors affecting results;
provide recommendations on methodology for the virus study of drinking
water supplies.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
307
A-311
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE:
SPONSORING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT OFFICER:
PERFORMING ORGANIZATION:
PROJECT STAFF:
PROJECT DATES:
FUNDING LEVEL:
PROJECT SUMMARY:
Not provided.
Detection of Viral Gastroenteritis Agents
EPA
Akin
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Unknown
Grant package submitted to GAD 3/77
Unknown
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH:
Measurement and Monitoring
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
NUMBER:
3Q8
A-312
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U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NOTICE OF RESEARCH PROJECT
Form Approved
OMB NO. na-rioosi
PROJECT MO. (Dana,
SSIE
PREPARED FOR THE SMITHSONIAN SCIENCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Investigations of nitrosamines in deionized and drinking water
OWE NAMES. DEPARTMENTS. AND OFFICIAL TITl.es OF PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS OH PROJECT DIRECTORS AND ALL OTHER
PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL ENGAGED IN THE PROJECT.
Dr. W. Fiddler, Research Leader, ERRC, ARS, OSDA
Dr. W. I. Kimoto, Research Chemist, ERRC, ARS, USDA
Mr. J. Carre, Technician, ERRC, ARS, USDA
VWiE AND ADDRESS OF APPLICANT INSTITUTION
Eastern Regional Research Canter, -Agricultural Research Service, USDA
600 East Mermaid Lane
Philadelphia, PA 19118
SUMMARY OF PROPOSED WORK - (I) Objective*. (2) Approach. (J) Current Plane «nd/or Program* (200 word! or !••». Omit eon/ldentUt dju
In the SmlthftonUn Science Information Exchange, luounariei of work in procrw* are exchanged with government and private agenelee BUO-
noriinc nrvearch «*»d <^* forwarded to in«esttc«tor* who reqiM«t luch in/armaliort. Yo*w •amnury ij to 6« u«*d for theac purposes.
The objective of this contract is to determine the possible role of adsorbants,
primarily ion-exchange resins, on the formation or nitrosamines in drinking water.
Dimethyl and diethylnitrosamines have been found in deionized water.
Aqueous solutions'of amines, nitrite, nitrate + nitrate reducing bacteria,
chlorinated water, and trace metals, singly or in combinations, will be passed
through various resin types and systems (cation, anion, mixed and multibed resin
systems) to investigate the possible role of these compounds on nitrosamine forma-
tion. The possible role of temperature and pH on oitrosamine formation will also
be studied. The presence of nitrosamines in adsorbants resulting from their
manufacture, and the ability of adsorbancs to concentrate nitrosamines that may
be found in drinking water will be investigated. Water treated by various adsorbanc
systems, such as home water softening systems, laboratory cartridges, and commercial
scale deionizing systems will be analyzed for nitrosamines.
In addition, the water supply at the Eastern Regional Research Center will be
monitored for nitrite, nitrate, amines, and nitrosamines.
CATEGORY OF RESEARCH: Measurement and Monitoring; Control Technology
PROJECT DESCRIPTION NUMBER: 309
IDENTIFY PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL INVOLVED r.V
M.J1, I'fC. }
F01TOFF1CE USE ONLY
SUPPORT METHOD (C;.,-r* u*n->
FUHOS OBLIGATED F.Y. HO. OP FUTURE YEARS TENTATIVELY
ASSURED 3EYONO CURRENT F.Y.
PROJECT OFFICER
RESPONSIBLE ORGANIZATION
STARTING DATE
A-313
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