United States Office of EPA-520/1-87-022
Environmental Protection Radiation Programs February 1988
Agency Washington, D.C. 20460
Radiation
&EPA Radon Measurement
Proficiency Program
Application and Participation Manual
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RADON MEASUREMENT PROFICIENCY PROGRAM
APPLICATION AND PARTICIPATION MANUAL
Prepared and Distributed by the
Radon Technical Information Service
Research Triangle Institute
(919) 541-7131
Prepared for the
Office of Radiation Programs
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, DC 20460
February 1988
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Introducti on 1
Enrolling in the RMP Program 3
Submitting Detectors for Testing 6
Testi ng Detectors 8
Analyzing the Exposed Detectors 10
Publishing Test Round Results 11
Exhibit 1: Blank Application Form and Instructions 13
Exhibit 2: Example of a Completed Application Form 19
Exhibit 3: Guidelines for Writing Operating Instructions 23
Exhibit 4: Example of Operating Instructions for
Mail-in Detectors 25
Exhibit 5: Example of a Client's Analysis Reporting Form 29
Exhibit 6: Quality Assurance Plan Guidelines 31
Exhibit 7: Example of an Acceptance/Rejection Letter
and Data Verification Sheet 37
Exhibit 8: Example of an Analysis Reporting Form and
Instructions 41
Exhibit 9: Example of an Analytical Proficiency Report 45
Exhibit 10: Example of a Cumulative Proficiency Report 53
Exhibit 11: Example of a Proficiency Report 65
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INTRODUCTION
This Analytical Proficiency Report presents the results of the Round 5
performance test of the Radon Measurement Proficiency (RMP) Program. The
information is listed in two tables.
Table 1 contains a summary of performance results grouped by method, with
the total number of participants and the number of successful and unsuccessful
measurement attempts based on the relative bias criterion. Table 2 is a listing
of the analytical results. For your company's analytical results, locate your
code(s) in the "Company" column. For each company and method, all measurements,
including those of the controls, are grouped together under the "Measured Value
X" column, and are identified by the RTI detector codes. In the "Target Value
T" column, associated with each measured value is a "target" value or chamber
level to which the detector was exposed.
The analysis criteria used to determine if a participant meets the
screening measurement requirements of the program are shown in the "Critical
Value" column. At present, participants are evaluated only on bias. In the
performance test, the procedure used for determining whether or not a company
meets the relative bias criterion is:
If the absolute value of the relative bias is less than or equal to the
critical value, which is defined as .25, then the company is judged ac-
ceptable.
Relative bias is estimated as R-l, where R is the mean ratio of the measured
value to the target value found in the "Mean Ratio" column. This estimate ap-
plies both to the case where the target value is the same for all measured val-
ues and to the case where the target value changes with the measured value.
If all measured values have the same target value, R-l is equivalent to:
(mean of the measured values - target value)
mean of target values
The value in the "Standard Deviation of Ratio" column represents the
measure of precision for each group of detectors. The precision value is in-
cluded in this report for your information only. In future rounds, a require-
ment for precision will be announced and considered as part of the analysis
criteria.
49
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TABLE 1
Summary of Performances by Method
June 1987
Round
Measurement
Method
Alpha-Track Detection
Activated Charcoal Adsorption
Continuous Radon Monitoring
Grab Sampling - Radon
Grab Sampling - Working-Level
Radon Progeny Integrating Sampling
Continuous Working-Level Monitoring
Number of
Companies
Participating
37
120
4
21
33
4
18
Number Meeting
25% Bias
Requirements
35
115
3
19
24
4
17
50
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INTRODUCTION
The Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Radiation Programs has
established the Radon Measurement Proficiency (RMP) Program to assist states and
the public in selecting companies to measure indoor radon and radon progeny.
The immediate objective of this program is to provide information to the public
about the capabilities of companies measuring indoor radon. The measurement
companies are tested and the names of those successfully participating are
listed in a public report. The longer-term objective of the program is to
promote standard measurement and quality assurance procedures for all indoor
radon measurement companies.
This program is not a federal certification program, nor should it be
advertised as such. EPA retains the right to exclude from the program any com-
pany that knowingly violates the program's requirements.
The program offers the measurement companies an opportunity to compare and
discuss their methods and instrumentation with other skilled operators. Addi-
tionally, they receive relevant statistical data on their measurement capabili-
ties and instrumentation. This manual explains the application procedures, the
application form, the procedures for submitting, testing, and analyzing the
detectors, and the way EPA publishes the results.
This program is available to all measurement companies, primary and
secondary. Primary companies provide radon measurement services to the public
and have laboratory analysis capability. Secondary companies also provide radon
measurement services but do not have laboratory analysis capability. These
companies must use the analysis of a primary company which has successfully
participated.
On an EPA scheduled basis, indoor radon measurement companies are invited
to participate in the RMP Program. To successfully participate in the RMP
Program, a primary company must meet the following requirements:
1) follow EPA measurement protocols in EPA documents "Interim Indoor Radon
and Radon Decay Product Measurement Protocols" and "Interim Protocols
for Screening and Followup Radon and Radon Decay Product Measurements,"
2) demonstrate management tracking capability, i.e., the ability to get
measurement results to the proper homeowner, and
3) demonstrate the ability to measure radon and radon decay products
within the established program measurement criteria.
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To successfully participate 1n the RMP Program, a secondary company must
meet numbers 1 and 2 of the above requirements. Additionally, secondary
companies must provide the name of all primary companies which provide
laboratory analysis for their measurement devices. These companies must be
successful participants in the current round.
Although the program is voluntary, to maintain their proficiency listings,
companies must participate in every test. The tests are referred to as
"rounds". These performance rounds will not routinely include followup tests.
Only those companies that are participating for the first time or that have
never performed successfully in the RMP Program will be allowed a second
opportunity to test during the scheduled performance round.
Each company enrolls its measurement method(s) (e.g., activated charcoal
adsorption) for evaluation in the performance test. EPA instructs the primary
companies to submit a specific number and type of detectors for exposure to
known levels of radon and radon progeny. After the detectors are exposed in a
federal radon chamber, EPA returns them to the companies without revealing the
radon gas or radon progeny levels. The companies analyze the detectors and
report their measurements to EPA. EPA compares the companies' measurements to
the known levels of exposure. If the results are within the established program
measurement criteria, the method meets the proficiency requirements for the
round's performance test.
For a round, each company's proficiency with a specific method is assessed
on the basis of continued participation, compliance with the administrative
requirements of the program, and sufficient correlation between the primary
companies' measurements and the known levels of exposure. If a company's method
meets all the program requirements, its name and method are published in that
round's proficiency reports. If a company's method does not meet proficiency
requirements for the measurement test, or if it does not meet all program re-
quirements for the testing round, it is not listed in that round's proficiency
reports. Such a company may participate in future rounds. After the test,
regardless of performance, the primary companies are sent their results and
relevant statistical data in a coded analytical report which is separate from
the public proficiency reports.
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ENROLLING IN THE RMP PROGRAM
A separate application must be submitted for each company and each method
to be evaluated. Exhibit 1 contains a blank application form and instructions
for completing the form. Exhibit 2 is an example of an application. You should
make a photocopy of the blank form for each method you want to enroll. Do not
retype this form. After you are enrolled with a method, you need not resubmit
an application for that method each round. In subsequent rounds, however, if
you want to enroll another method, you must submit an application for that meth-
od.
Every application must include a copy of the operating instructions your
company gives to the homeowner and/or your instrument operator(s). Your in-
structions must reflect EPA's measurement protocols found in the enclosed proto-
col documents. Exhibit 3 contains guidelines for writing operating instruc-
tions. Exhibit 4 is an example of an operating instruction sheet for mail-in
detectors, and Exhibit 5 is an example of a company's (client's) analysis
reporting form.
EPA will review your instructions and notify you if they do not meet pro-
gram requirements. Your company must have approved instructions for each method
on file with EPA by the deadline stated on the current round's schedule to be
evaluated with that method. After your instructions for a method are on file,
you need not resubmit them in subsequent rounds unless you submit an application
for another method. However, your company is responsible for updating its in-
structions whenever there are changes.
For activated charcoal adsorption (CC), alpha-track detection (AT),
electret-PERM (EP), and radon progeny integrating sampling unit (RP) methods,
you must list each different type of detector used by your company for that
measurement method in the inventory section of the application. In these cases,
types are distinguished by different exposure periods, by different analysis
labs, and by different levels of sensitivity for analysis. EPA does not require
the quantity of these detectors; rather, it wants an approximation of the
percentage of business each type of detector generates.
For continuous radon (CR), continuous working-level (CW), grab radon (GR),
and grab working-level (GW) methods, you must list the names of instrument oper-
ators employed (if you are a primary company) or subcontractors used (if you are
a secondary company), and the brand, model and serial number(s) or identifica-
tion code(s) for your company's entire stock of instrumentation available for
use. This is to ensure that the number and variety of detectors and operators
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selected for testing are representative of each method enrolled. After your
inventory for a method is on file, you need not resubmit it in subsequent
rounds. However, your company is responsible for updating its inventories when-
ever there are changes. Instruments not listed on your application form (or
addenda) will not be accepted for testing during the round.
To participate in the RMP Program, you must use instrumentation for which
EPA has developed or approved measurement protocols. That is, your measurement
method must generally follow one of the eight EPA measurement protocols in the
"Interim Indoor Radon and Radon Decay Product Measurement Protocols" and
"Interim Protocols for Screening and Followup Radon and Radon Decay Product
Measurements". A copy of these documents has been included with your applica-
tion manual. If you do not have either of these documents, call the Radon
Quality Assurance (RQA) Coordinator at (919) 541-7131. As new EPA guideline
documents become available, they will be sent to you. Upon receipt of any new
guidelines, you will be required to incorporate them into your measurement and
documentation methods. If you are interested in developing protocols for a new
device, you should write to the following address:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Radon Division
Problem Assessment Branch
ANR-464
401 M Street, S.W.
Washington, DC 20460
EPA does not require that companies have quality assurance (QA) plans for
participation in the RMP Program, but strongly recommends that each participat-
ing company develop one. EPA believes that a QA plan provides a mechanism
through which companies can identify and resolve potential detector handling and
data management problems. Exhibit 6 presents guidelines for developing a QA
plan. Companies wanting to have their QA plans reviewed can send copies to the
RQA Coordinator with their applications or by the deadline specified on the
schedule for that round. If you want your company listed in the proficiency
reports as having a QA plan following EPA recommended guidelines, you must have
an approved plan on file with EPA by the scheduled deadline.
Your signed application must be received by the deadline stated in the
current round's schedule. It should be sent to the RQA Coordinator at the ad-
dress found in the application instructions.
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You will receive written notification of your method's enrollment by the
scheduled "Acceptance/Rejection" deadline. An application will be rejected if
postmarked later than 12 midnight of the deadline date as provided with the
application package. If your application is found incomplete, you will be
instructed on the necessary changes. The deadline date by which these
corrections must be received will be stated in your "Acceptance/Rejection"
letter and on your round schedule. Any applications received after the deadline
will not be evaluated, but will be considered for participation in the next
testing round. See Exhibit 7 for an example acceptance/rejection letter.
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SUBMITTING DETECTORS FOR TESTING
Because of the ever-Increasing variety of detector types for each measure-
ment method, EPA will select a representative number of detectors from your
stock for testing. The selection will depend on either the percentage of busi-
ness generated by each detector type enrolled for a method or on the enrolled
inventory of Instruments. This will allow EPA to determine your ability to make
a measurement using a method, regardless of the specific type of detector.
Along with the acceptance letter for enrollment, EPA will designate the
type and number of detectors primary companies using mail-in methods must send
for testing. Participants using walk-in methods will receive a letter
specifying the serial numbers of the detectors they should bring in for testing
and the date and time of their tests. If you cannot send or bring in the
selected detector(s), you must contact the RQA Coordinator prior to the test
round. The RQA Coordinator will, if possible, select an alternate detector.
The RQA Coordinator will cross-check detectors received and brought into the
testing facility with the enrollment records. Alternates sent or brought in for
testing without prior arrangements with the RQA Coordinator will not be tested.
Mail-in Detectors
If you are a primary company offering measurement services with instrumen-
tation that does not require a skilled operator and that can be mailed in for
testing, you will be asked to ship five unexposed detectors with a return street
address and telephone number label to the RQA Coordinator at the following
address:
Radon Quality Assurance Coordinator
Research Triangle Institute
Post Office Box 12194
3040 Cornwall Is Road, Bldg. #7
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
Your street address and phone number are absolutely necessary because they
are required by EPA's contracted delivery service.
Any identification codes used for the detectors by your company should be
clearly indicated on the detectors. It is your responsibility to supply suffi-
cient exposure and handling instructions to ensure that the lab coordinator
exposes them properly. Detectors that are not normally mailed to customers,
such as GR cells and RP's, should be packaged in protective containers suitable
for return shipment. EPA will furnish return packaging for most other detec-
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tors. The mailing labels you provide must be legible and should contain the
street address and telephone number to which the exposed detectors are to be
returned. You must pay postage on all shipments to RTI. At this time, EPA will
pay for return shipping.
Mail-in detectors must be received by the RQA Coordinator at Research
Triangle Institute (RTI) by the scheduled submittal deadline. If you miss the
deadline, you will not be allowed to participate in the round. Each unexposed
detector will be assigned an RTI identification code that will be placed on the
detector and recorded on the accompanying reporting form before being sent to
the federal testing facility.
Walk-in Detectors
If you are a primary company providing measurement services with an instru-
ment that requires a skilled operator and that cannot be mailed in for the test,
your operator must bring the instrument to the designated federal testing facil-
ity. If you own more than four instruments for a method, you will be asked to
bring four of these instruments for testing. If you own four or less than four
instruments, you will be asked to bring all the instruments you own. You are
responsible for the costs of transportation to and from the testing facility.
Instrument operators will not be selected by EPA, but companies with multi-
ple operators are required to send a different operator each round. Because of
limited space at the testing facility, only one operator per company may test in
a round. Anyone accompanying the designated operator will not be allowed in the
testing facility. One operator may represent more than one company if that
operator is employed by those companies for their measurement services. Opera-
tors must enroll and participate with the detectors they regularly use in the
field for each company they represent.
Instrument operators will be notified by mail of their test appointments.
If you have a problem keeping your appointment, contact the RQA Coordinator as
soon as possible at RTI, (919) 541-7131. The RQA Coordinator will make every
attempt to-accommodate participants' schedules in such cases. If testing has
already begun, call the RQA Coordinator at the testing facility, (205) 272-3402.
If possible, arrangements will be made for another test time.
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TESTING DETECTORS
All testing will be performed at EPA's Eastern Environmental Radiation
Facility (EERF) in Montgomery, Alabama. All instruments will be exposed or
operated in the chamber as they would be in a home. The exposure levels in the
chamber will not be revealed until the EPA scheduled release date.
Operators of any detector(s) that can generate measurements on-site, such
as grab working-level detectors, are required to submit their results before
leaving the test facility. Other participants have until the deadline stated on
their reporting forms and the round schedule to return results to EPA for evalu-
ation. This deadline will be no less than seven working days after their tests.
Only those companies who are participating for the first time or who have
never performed successfully in an RMP Program round will be allowed to retest
if their measurements do not meet proficiency requirements.
Mail-in Detectors
Detectors will be exposed by the federal lab coordinator in a chamber with
known level (s) of radon and radon progeny. Any exposure procedures that are not
self-explanatory should be clearly stated on an instruction sheet and sent with
your detectors. For detectors with minimum exposure periods longer than two
weeks, an equivalent exposure level over a shorter exposure period will be used.
At the end of the exposure period, detectors will be sealed and shipped
with their corresponding reporting forms to the addresses on the mailing labels
that were enclosed with the detectors. The RQA Coordinator will use an over-
night delivery service to return the exposed detectors unless otherwise instruc-
ted and supplied with an alternate container. Although every effort will be
made to properly handle and ship detectors, EPA will not be responsible for loss
or damage.
Walk-in Detectors
Operators of continuous monitors must set their programs to make hourly
readings, and to start and stop at the appropriate times to attain a 24 hour
exposure in the chamber. At the scheduled test time, operators will place their
programmed detectors in the chamber. At the end of the exposure period, opera-
tors will return to the testing facility to retrieve their detector(s).
Operators of grab sampling devices will draw samples from the chamber
through a porthole. Operators with one grab sampler will take four consecutive
air samples. Those with two to four samplers will take multiple or single air
8
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samples with each to attain a total of four measurements. When possible, opera-
tors from up to 5 companies will be scheduled to run their grab samplers simul-
taneously.
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ANALYZING THE EXPOSED DETECTORS
Through your analysis process, you must determine the radon gas or radon
progeny concentrations to which your detectors were exposed in the chamber.
Most detectors cannot give immediate or on-site results because they require a
three to four hour equilibration or delay time, and/or because their counting
equipment is not portable. In such cases, companies will have a minimum of
seven working days to analyze their exposed detector(s) and send their results
to the RQA Coordinator. If your detector(s) can give on-site results, you will
be required to complete the analysis and submit your results before leaving the
testing facility.
A separate analysis reporting form is provided for each method enrolled.
Exhibit 8 contains an example of an analysis reporting form and instructions for
completing the form. If you are a primary company enrolled with mail-in detec-
tors, you will receive a reporting form with the exposed detectors. If you are
enrolled with walk-in detectors, you will receive your reporting form(s) when
you arrive at the testing facility. Read the instructions carefully before com-
pleting your forms. You must return the completed form(s) to the RQA Coordina-
tor by the deadline stated on the reporting form and the current round's sched-
ule. Any forms received after the deadline will not be evaluated.
All participants will be notified by mail of their performance results.
Those companies eligible for retesting, (e.g., companies participating for the
first time or companies who have not yet successfully performed in an RMP
Program round) will be notified by telephone in time to schedule a second test
during the latter part of the performance round.
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PUBLISHING TEST ROUND RESULTS
You must meet the following program requirements with each method enrolled
to pass a test round and to be listed with those methods in the proficiency
reports.
1. You must have a copy of your operating instructions which reflect EPA
screening measurement protocols on file with EPA by the deadline speci-
fied on that round's schedule.
2. You or your primary laboratory must meet EPA's screening-measurement
criteria.
3. You must meet all submittal or reporting deadlines as listed in the
current round's schedule.
After you are found proficient, you must participate in. and pass every subse-
quent test round to maintain your listing.
The results of each test round are published in three reports: The
Analytical Proficiency Report (APR), the Cumulative Proficiency Report (CPR) and
the Proficiency Report (PR) for each state. The APR is a statistical analysis
of all participants' performances which is provided to participating companies
(Exhibit 9). The CPR and PR provide a listing of companies and measurement
methods that successfully met the program requirements (Exhibit 10 and 11). The
PR contains the same information as the CPR but is state-specific, listing only
the companies which serve that state. The list of companies given in both the
CPR and PR have indicators to show if a company is a primary or secondary
company for a listed method. The PR is sent to each state's radiation official
for distribution to the public. All information provided in the application
form may be given in one of these reports.
11
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12
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EXHIBIT 1
APPLICATION FORM INSTRUCTIONS
General Instructions
Enroll all of the measurement methods your company offers to the pub-
lic.
Submit a separate application form for each measurement method (mail-
ing label enclosed) to:
Radon Quality Assurance Coordinator
Research Triangle Institute
P.O. Box 12194
3040 Cornwall Is Road, Building t7
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
Make as many copies of the form as necessary to enroll each of your
measurement methods into the program. DO NOT RETYPE APPLICATION FORM!
Circle method-type abbreviation in the top right-hand portion of the
front page of the application. (For methods, see 7a. and 7b. on the
application form.)
Note: All information provided on the application form will be available
for public review.
Specific Instructions
Items 1-5.
Provide all requested information about your company.
Item 6.
Indicate whether the detectors used for the method you are enrolling can be
mailed to the RQA Coordinator (mail-in) or must be brought to the radon chamber
by a skilled instrument operator (walk-in).
Item 7.
Choose the appropriate table for the method being enrolled. List the
information requested.
Item 7a.
Detector Type - For CC, AT, and EP only, indicate exposure period in days or
months (one detector type is assumed for RP).
Supplier - Give name and address of company that supplies the corresponding
detector type.
Analysis Lab - Give name and address of laboratory that analyzes each type of
detector. Secondary companies may list a maximum of five analysis laboratories
per method. If the analysis laboratory's address is different from your
company's address you will be listed in program reports as a secondary company
for this method. EPA will verify this information with the listed laboratory.
13
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% Business - Approximate the percentage of radon measurement business generated
by the corresponding detector type. The total for each application should be
100% (i.e., if only one type of CC is enrolled, then % business is automatically
100% even though other methods may be enrolled in the program).
Item 7b.
Sampling Time - Indicate the time required to take a sample with each system or
unit. (The test period for CW and CR monitors will be 24 hours.)
Detector System - If applicable, give an A,B,C, etc., designation to each
detection system entered. For example, System A = a sampler, an air pump and
scintillation cells or trays that are used together.
Counter/Sealer/PMT/Air Pump - Give the brand name, model, and serial numbers.
Flowrate - Give the flowrate of each pump in liters per minute.
Cell - (For grab radon) give the code numbers or letters you use to identify
your cells. This code must be indelibly placed on the cells.
Instrument Operators - Give the name(s) of the person(s) in your company who is
responsible for operating the listed equipment.
Item 7c.
Check the appropriate space. Attach a copy of the operating instructions you
provide to the homeowner and/or instrument operators for the indicated method to
this application. Your company's entire standard operating procedures document
is not required, just the deployment conditions and instructions portion. It
must reflect EPA screening protocol -- see Exhibit 3.
Item 7d.
Check the appropriate space. We strongly recommend, but do not require, that
you submit a quality assurance plan (see Exhibit 6).
Items 8 -10.
Circle appropriate answers. If answer to item 10 is yes, include written
explanation.
Item 11.
Circle all the states you serve with this method. If coverage is nationwide,
circle "ALL U.S." only.
Item 12.
Review and sign. No application will be considered without a signature.
14
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Exhibit I
APPLICATION FORM FOR THE RHP PROGRAM
Circle one method only:
(See Section 7 for Methods)
Make a copy of this blank form, for each method you want to enroll. Please read the
application for* instructions on page 12 before completing the sections below. CC AT RP EP
Incomplete applications and those with incorrectly placed information will not be
accepted. CR Cf GR Gf
1. Contact Name
2. Company
3. Mailing Address _
(For Publication'
in Reports)
4. Street Address
(If not included"
above)
5. Phone (List no lore than 2)
6. Measurement devices for this method are (Check One):
Mail-in types (charcoal adsorption detectors, alpha-track detectors, most grab radon sampling units,
radon progeny integrating sampling units, and electret-PERU).
Walk-in types (some grab radon, grab work ing-1 eve I, continuous radon and continuous working-level instruments).
7. INVENTORY LISTS:
a. For Charcoal Adsorption (CC), Alpha-Track (AT), Radon Progeny Integrating Sampling Unit (RP), or Electret-PERM (EP).
Exposure Time X
(Mos. or Days) Supplier ft Address Analysis Lab ft Address Business
15
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TOTAL % BUSINESS FOR THIS APPLICATION = 100 %
FOR CHARCOAL ONLY: Do you (or does your analysis lab) reuse the charcoal in your detectors? YES or NO (Circle One).
b. For Continuous Radon (CR), Continuous Working-Level (CW), Grab Radon (OR), or Grab Working-Level lethods (GW):
Sanpling Detector Counter/Sealer/PUT/Air Puip Flowrate Cell
Tine Systei (Brand and Serial Nuiber) (in Liters/Uin.) (Serial Nunfaer)
L/M
L/M
L/M
L/M
Are all instruments in your inventory listed above? YES or NO (Circle One)
If not, why?
16
JL/H
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INSTRUMENT OPERATORS:
c. Our operating instructions are are not enclosed. (Operating instructions are required.)
d. Our quality assurance (O.A) is is not enclosed. (A HA plan is optional.)
8. Do you sell services to the public for a fee? YES or NO (Circle One).
|FOR RTI USE ONLY|
I
i
9. If you sell services you will be listed in EPA reports. If not, do you want to be listed? YES or NO (Circle One).
10. Do you sell or release your list of customer naies and addresses? YES or NO -(Circle One).
If YES, explain what information you do release and under what circumstances?
LI. Circle all appropriate states. (If coverage is nationwide, circle 'ALL U.S.' In this case, no other states can be circled.)
ALL U.S. AL AK AZ AR CA CO CT DE DC FL GA HI ID IL IN IA KS KY LA
ME UD MA UI UN US ' UO UT NE NV NH NJ NU NY NC ND OH OK OR
PA PR RI SC SD TN TX UT VT VI VA »A »V II IY
2. To the best of iy knowledge, I have provided all the information requested, all the information is correct, and I have
read and will follow the participation conditions of the RUP Program.
SIGNED
Date
PRINT OR TYPE
Name
COUPANY
17
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18
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EXHIBIT 2
APPLICATION FORW FDR THE RIP PROGRAM
Make a copy of this blank for* for each lethod you want to enroll. Please read the
application for* instructions on page 12 before completing the sections below.
Incomplete applications and those with incorrectly placed information will not be
accepted.
1. Contact Name
'(
2. Coapany
Circle one method only:
(See Section 7 for Methods)
CC
«s
CR
AT
Of
RP
GR
EP
GW
3. Mai I ing Address
[n°Re^rtion Aitsto^, me
4. Street Address
(If not include?"
above)
5. Phone (List no more than 2)
Measurement devices for this method are (Check One):
Mail-in types (charcoal adsorption detectors, alpha-track detectors, most grab radon sampling units,
radon progeny integrating sampling units, and electret-PERU).
la Ik-in types (some grab radon, grab work ing-1 eve I, continuous radon and continuous work ing-1eve I instruments).
7. INVENTORY LISTS:
a. For Charcoal Adsorption (CC), Alpha-Track (AT), Radon Progeny Integrating Saipling Unit (RP), or Electret-PERU (EP).
Exposure Time
(Mos. or Days)
Mou _
Supplier i Address
szzq
Analysis Lab k Address
X
Business
fal Cburf"'
fY\fl 03^(2,
19 .
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TOTAL X BUSINESS FOR THIS APPLICATION = 100 X
FOR CHARCOAL ONLY: Do you (or does your analysis lab) reuse the charcoal in your detectors? M^s) or NO (Circle One)-.
b. For Continuous Radon (CR), Continuous Working-Level (Cf), Grab Radon (GR), or Grab fork ing-Level nethods (GW):
Sampling Detector Counter/Scaler/PMT/Air Pump . Flowrate Cell
Tine Systei (Brand and Serial Number) (in Liters/Win.) (Serial Number)
20
L/M
L/M
J-/M
L/M
Are all instruments in your inventory listed above? YES or NO (Circle One)
If not, why?
L/M
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INSTRUMENT OPERATORS:
U^
IFOR RTI USE ONLY]
I
e. Our operating instructions
d. Our quality assurance (Q.A) \s i
are not enclosed. (Operating instructions are required.) j
r
s
is not enclosed. (A QA plan is optional.)
8. Do you sell services to the public for a fee? ( YES or NO (Circle One).
9. If you sell services you will be listed in EPA reports. If not, do you want to be listed? YES or NO (Circle One).
10. Do you sell or release your list of customer naaes and addresses? YES or
If YES, explain what info mat ion you do release and under what circumstances?
(Circle One).
11. Circle all appropriate states. (If coverage is nationwide, circle 'ALL U.S.* In this case, no other states can be circled.)
ALL U.S. AL AK AZ AR CA CO CT DE DC FL GA HI ID IL IN IA KS KY LA
ME MD UA UI UN MS - UQ UT NE NV NH NJ NU NY NC NO OH OK OR
PA PR RI SC SD TN TX UT VT VI VA »A WY II »Y
12. To the best of ay knowledge, I have provided all the information requested, all the inforaation is correct, and I have
read and will follow the participation conditions of the RUP Program.
SIGNED
PRINT OR TYPE
COMPANY
ftpril L.
______
* / Date
21
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22
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EXHIBIT 3
GUIDELINES FOR WRITING OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
Your instructions for operating radon and radon progeny detectors must
contain the following information:
1. Title (e.g., "Instructions for Making a Screening-Type Measurement with
a Charcoal Canister").
2. Briefly explain purpose of a screening test and note that homeowners
and instrument operators should adhere to the following EPA protocol
guidelines:
a. sampling with closed-house conditions 12 hours prior to and
during testing.
b. sampling on the lowest livable level; and
c. sampling only when outside weather conditions are calm and
normal.
3. Explain what the package contains and/or how the detector measures
radon gas and/or radon progeny.
4. List the precautions specific to your instrumentation that the home-
owner or instrument operator must take before or while using the detec-
tor e.g., check the voltage source, check the air-flow rate of
air pump, check for damaged filters.
5. If necessary, describe how operator can determine the efficiency and
the background measurement of the instrument before sampling.
6. List, step by step, sampling and return shipment procedures.
7. Provide an example of your "Sampling Information Sheet" with these
instructions. Exhibit 4 contains an example of an operating instruc-
tion and log sheet. Describe the procedures for recording all relevant
information onto the sheet i.e., measurement device codes and
readings, sampling conditions, sampling location and sampling times.
8. Discuss how and when your company will inform the homeowner of the
measurement results. Exhibit 5 contains an example of a company's
(client's) analysis-reporting form for your information. The suggested
format and contents are recommendations, not requirements.
9. Optional: Specific instrument computer programs, and calibration and
counting methods may be put in an appendix section.
23
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24
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EXHIBIT 4
EXAMPLE OF OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
FOR A MAIL-IN DETECTOR
Instructions for Making a Screening-Type
Measurement with a Charcoal Canister
Purpose of a Screening-Type Measurement
The purpose of a screening-type measurement is to quickly determine if a
house contains high concentrations of radon gas. This measurement should not
serve as a basis for initiating any repairs. Instead, it should provide infor-
mation for deciding if there is a need for additional measurements.
The following sampling instructions reflect the EPA recommended measurement
procedures for this method. The procedures are based on the assumption that the
greatest source of radon is the soil underlying the house. If other sources are
suspected, additional measurements in different locations in the home may be
considered.
Activated. Charcoal Adsorption Operation
The device consists of an aluminum canister filled with activated charcoal
(usually coconut charcoal) that is held in place by a metal wire mesh and a
metal clip. This is a passive device that, when opened, allows the ambient air
to move through the charcoal by available air currents and diffusion; therefore,
no external source of power is needed. The radon gas and some of the progeny,
if present in the air, will attach to the charcoal surfaces. The canister is
sealed at the end of the exposure period, trapping the accumulated radon and
air. A minimum delay of four hours is required before the canister can be
counted. For counting, the sealed canister is placed in a sodium iodide crystal
counting system for ten minutes. During this time, the gamma energy emitted is
counted. After analysis, the counts are converted into radon gas units of
picocuries per liter (pCi/L) of air using a predetermined calibration factor.
Instructions for Selecting Sampling Location and Conditions
Measurements should be made in the lowest livable area in the house
i.e., a basement, a bedroom or a playroom. Bathrooms, kitchens,
laundry rooms, root cellars, garages, crawl spaces or sumps are not
suitable.
25
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All windows and external doors 1n the house should be closed twelve
hours before and during the sampling period, except for normal entering
and exiting.
Fans and ventilation systems that use outside air, such as attic fans
and bathroom fans, should not be operated during the sampling period.
Sampling should not be done on a very windy day ~ i.e., wind speeds of
twenty-five miles per hour or greater.
26
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SAMPLING INSTRUCTIONS
Your charcoal canister sampling test should contain one tape-sealed canis-
ter and a return label with prepaid postage. If anything is missing, or if the
canister has been damaged in the mail, call us immediately at (800) NORADON.
1. Remove the adhesive strip from around the canister. Save the strip as
indicated below, to reseal the canister at the end of the measurement
period.
2. Fill in the name, location information, starting date, and starting
time on the label on the canister lid. Remove the lid from the canis-
ter. Invert the lid and place it under the lower half of the canister.
Wrap the strip around the lower half of the canister.
3. Place the open canister, with the screen side up, on a table or shelf
In the room chosen according to the enclosed sampling location instruc-
tions.
4. After two full days (at least 48 hours), replace the lid on the canis-
ter, and reseal it with the adhesive strip.
5. Fill in the stop date and time on the label. Also, please provide the
SAMPLE INFORMATION on the back of this sheet. Write any additional
information you may want to provide in the section titled "Comments".
6. Place the canister and this sheet in the box provided. Seal the box
with the tape tab, and place the addressed, postage-paid label on the
box.
7. Mail the box within one day of resealing. No postage is required.
Your sample will be analyzed the day it arrives at our lab. You will
receive your measurement results within three weeks.
27
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SAMPLE INFORMATION
Name
Canister Number
(on canister label)
Address
City.
(Street, Route, etc.)
State
Start Date
/ /
Time
month day year
Stop Date
Time
month day year
Give Sampling Location:
(You may draw a sketch if you wish)
Zip.
AM
AM
PM
PM
Comments:
FOR COMPANY USE ONLY
Date Received / /
month day year
Date Counted
month day year
Detector No.:
Weight Out:
Measurement Result Sent:
Counted by:
Entered by:
Verified by:
Time
Gross Counts:
Weight In:
AM
Date Sent:
PM
28
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EXHIBIT 5
EXAMPLE OF A CLIENT'S ANALYSIS REPORTING FORM
Name:
Address:
Date Sample Collected:.
Date Sample Received:_
Date Sample Analyzed:_
This analysis represents the radon-222 concentration in the air only at the
time of sampling. Your measurement result is:
! [pCi /L]
These results are confidential and will not be released to anyone else without
your permission.
This is a screening measurement result. You should not initiate costly
changes or repairs because of this measurement. If you have high radon levels,
we recommend your make additional longer-term measurements. The following in-
formation on recommended actions for various radon levels has been extracted
from A Citizen's Guide to Radon.
Determining the need for further measurements:
In most cases, the screening measurement is not a reliable measure of the
average radon level to which you and your family are exposed. Since radon
levels can vary from season to season as well as from room to room, the screen-
ing measurement only serves to indicate the potential for a radon problem.
Depending upon the result of your screening measurement, you may need to have
followup measurements made to give you a better idea of the average radon level
in your home.
The following guidelines may be useful to you in determining the urgency of
your need for followup measurements and remedial actions:
If your screening measurement result Is less than about 0.02 WL or less than
about 4 pCi/L:
Followup measurements are probably not required. If the screening meas-
urement was made with the house closed up prior to and during the testing
period, there is relatively little chance that the radon concentration in your
home will be greater than 0.02 WL or 4 pCi/L as an annual average.
29
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If your screening measurement result 1s about 0.02 WL to about 0.1 WL or about 4
pC1/L to about 20 pCI/L:
Perform followup measurements. Expose detectors for one year, or make
measurements of no more than one week in duration during each of the four
seasons. Based on your followup measurement results:
Exposures in this range are considered above average for residential struc-
tures. You should take action to lower levels to about 0.02 WL (4 pCi/L) or
below. We recommend that you take action within a few years, or sooner if
levels are at the upper end of this range.
If your screening measurement result 1s about 0.1 WL to about 1.0 WL or about 20
pC1/L to about 200 pCi/L:
Perform followup measurements. Expose detectors for no more than three
months. Doors and windows should be closed as much as possible during testing.
Based on your followup measurement results:
Exposures in this range are considered greatly above average for residen-
tial structures. You should take action to reduce levels as far below 0.1 WL
(20 pCi/L) as possible. We recommend that you take action within several
months.
If your screening measurement result 1s greater than about 1.0 WL or greater
than about 200 pC1/L:
You should perform followup measurements as soon as possible. Expose the
detectors for no more than one week. Doors and windows should be closed as much
as possible during testing. You should also consider taking actions to imme-
diately reduce the radon levels in your home. Based on your followup measure-
ment results:
Residents should take action to reduce levels as far below 1.0 WL (200
pCi/L) as possible. We recommend that you take action within several weeks. If
this is not possible, you should determine, in consultation with appropriate
state or local health or radiation protection officials, if you can temporarily
relocate until the levels can be reduced. Exposures in this range are among the
highest observed in homes.
Remember; There is increasing urgency for taking action at higher concen-
trations of radon. The higher the radon level in your home, the faster you
should take action to reduce your exposure.
30
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EXHIBIT 6
QUALITY ASSURANCE PLAN GUIDELINES
To develop a QA plan, observe the following formatting and section content
guidelines. Section headings are to be written exactly as given. This informa-
tion has been extracted from EPA's "Interim Guidelines and Specifications for
Preparing Quality Assurance Project Plans" document QAMS-005/80, for your con-
venience. If you would like a copy of this document write to or call:
Quality Assurance Management Staff
Office of Monitoring Systems and Quality Assurance
Office of Research and Development
Mail Code RD-680
401 M Street, S.W.
Washington, DC 20460
(202) 382-5763
31
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32
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Cover Page Format
Put the Indicated Information 1n the format shown below:
QUALITY ASSURANCE PLAN:
(PROJECT TITLE AND LABORATORY)
(Authors)
(Author's Organization)
(Organization's Address)
Prepared for
(Month and Year)
33
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34
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Document Control Format
All QA plans must be prepared using a document control format consisting of
the following information placed 1n the upper right-hand corner of each document
page:
Section Number
Revision Number
Date (of revision)
Page
For example, the upper right-hand corner of the first page of Section 3 in
a QA document might read:
Section No. 3
Revision No. 4
Date: February 20, 1987
Page 1 of 3
Elements of a QA Plan
Each of the following Sections must be included 1n your QA plan:
1.0 ORGANIZATION AND RESPONSIBILITIES
[This section should include a figure or chart showing the project organi-
zation and line of authority. In particular, the relationship of the Quality
Assurance Officer to Laboratory Management should be illustrated. (The QA
Officer should be organizationally independent of the project to minimize the
risk of conflict of interest.) In addition to the QA Officer, indicate all key
individuals who are responsible for analyses, data assessment, and project
management.]
2.0 SAMPLING PROCEDURES
[This section must reflect EPA's "Interim Indoor Radon and Radon Decay
Product Measurement Protocols" and "Interim Protocols for Screening and Followup
Radon and Radon Decay Product Measurements." The detector placement will be
method specific.]
3.0 DETECTOR CUSTODY (TraceablHty)
[This section should discuss the procedures needed to: (1) track detector
placement and delivery to the laboratory; (2) document all readings, analyses,
and other operations performed on the detector; and (3) document the final fate
of the detector (i.e., storage, disposal, or shipment to another organization).
Additionally, it should provide:
the name and duties of the detector custodian (or other responsible
individuals) who signs for incoming field samples and verifies the
entry of pertinent information into the detector custody records:
the data tracking information required to be entered on the
laboratory's detector-custody and lab-tracking forms,; and
examples of detector-custody forms used in the laboratory.]
35
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4.0 ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES
[This section should discuss the following procedures:
all analytical equipment used in the program should be listed in this
section, and all analytical/reading procedures should be described;
all calibration procedures, and the frequency at which they are per-
formed, should be discussed. This information should be presented for
all instruments and associated apparatus to be used in the study.
However, this information is not needed for instruments and associated
apparatus used to make noncritical measurements e.g., barometric
pressure; and
all internal quality control checks (QC) associated with critical
measurements should be discussed or referenced. The QC checks to be
discussed could include samples of replicates (how many?, frequency?),
blanks, internal standards/check sources, and control charts.]
5.0 DATA REDUCTION. VALIDATION. AND REPORTING
[For each critical measurement parameter, the following should be provided:
the data reduction scheme planned for all analytical data, which may
include all equations used to calculate concentrations and other
parameters of interest;
the methods used to identify and treat anomalous data; and
the key individuals who will handle the data and be responsible for
integrity of the data in the final report.]
6.0 CORRECTIVE ACTION
[Corrective action procedures should be specified, including:
the predetermined limits for data acceptability, beyond which correc-
tive action is required;
the corrective action to be taken; and
the individual responsible for initiating and approving the corrective
actions.]
7.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE REPORTS TO MANAGEMENT
[This section should present a mechanism for the periodic reporting to
management on internal/external audit results, QC checks, and data quality. As
a minimum, these reports should include:
the periodic assessment of measurement data accuracy, precision, and
completeness -- i.e., intercomparisons and calibrations;
the results of internal/external audits; and
all significant QA/AC problems and recommended solutions.]
36
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EXHIBIT 7
(Example)
ACCEPTANCE/REJECTION LETTER
November, 1987
S. J. Lowe
Lowe Research Inc.
RE: CC Method
Dear RMP Applicant:
We have received your application for participation in Round 5 of the Radon
Measurement Proficiency (RMP) Program.
Your application was complete, and your enrollment is effective as of the
date of this letter.
Your Quality Assurance (QA) Plan was not received. Although we do not
require that you have a QA Plan to participate in the program, we strongly rec-
ommend that you develop such a plan.
OTHER:
Please review the following data verification sheet. Make any needed
corrections on the sheet, then sign and return to RTI. If all information is
correct, just sign and return. A return mailing label is enclosed.
For your information, we have attached a schedule of program events for
Round 5. Please refer to 1t-for all upcoming deadlines. If you need additional
program information, please contact the Radon Technical Information Service at
(919) 541-7131.
Sincerely,
Radon Quality Assurance
Coordinator
Enclosures
37
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38
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EXHIBIT 7
(Example)
DATA VERIFICATION
Please check the Information we have on your entry and make any needed
corrections. Sign and return by : August 19, 1987.
Your entry of the detector type: CC is entry: ABEA.
Your first round in the RMP Program with this entry was Round 3.
Please check the address(es) below. The BOLD address will be used on the public
reports (if your are to be listed.) Participation in the RMP Program requires
that your street address be on file with the Radon Quality Assurance Coordina-
tors at RTI. Your street address should be on the right unless it is included
in your mailing address.
S. J. Lowe
Lowe Research, Inc.
2895 West Pecan, Suite 100 1400 Albany Street
Atlanta, 6A 15109 Atlanta, GA 15108
(809) 365-2422
You are entered as a COMMERCIAL laboratory.
You are listed as a MAIL-IN participant with this detector type.
Another company performs the analysis on your detectors.
Your exposure time for detector #1 is: 4 DA.
Supplier: G & R Manufacturing, Inc. RTI # 2
Analysis Lab: Air Test Laboratories RTI # 36
100% of your business is performed with this type.
Please inform us: Do you reuse these detectors?
Your operating instructions have been received and are considered adequate by
EPA protocol standards.
Your Quality Assurance Plan has NOT been received.
You do sell or release your customer mailing list.
You serve the entire United States with this detector type.
***********************************!
You did not participate in Round 1.
You did not participate in Round 2.
You met the measurement requirements in Round 3.
You met the measurement requirements in Round 4.
ft******************!
Check one and sign:
' ' I have read this sheet and have made the necessary changes.
' ' I have read this sheet and all information is correct.
Signed
39
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40
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EXHIBIT 8
ANALYSIS REPORTING FORM INSTRUCTIONS
General Instructions
Separate reporting forms have been provided for each method, or in some
cases, for each detector type to be evaluated. Please make sure that
you have the correct reporting form for the detectors you are
analyzing.
Do not write in the space restricted for RTI use. The RQA Coordinator
has entered your company's name, measurement method, identification
code and detector codes (when provided), the RTI detector codes, and
the selection identification notes. If any of this information has
been omitted, contact the RQA Coordinator immediately.
Operators of instruments that can give on-site results are required to
submit a completed reporting form to the RQA Coordinator before leaving
the testing facility. All other participants must mail their completed
form(s) to the RQA Coordinator at the address given in the upper left-
hand corner of the reporting form.
Direct all questions to the RQA Coordinator at the phone number given.
Make sure all reporting forms are complete, legible and signed.
Reporting forms with Incomplete or Illegible Information or that are
not signed will exclude you from the evaluation process.
Results must be received by the date indicated in the upper right-hand
corner of the form.
Specific Instructions (Front)
For Mail-in Detectors:
Verify that this package contains the analysis reporting form(s) and
the detector(s) that your company submitted for testing. If the
package is incomplete or contains opened or damaged detectors:
PHONE: (919) 541-7131
ASK FOR: Radon Quality Assurance Coordinator
Explanation of Detector Labels:
A A A A - 01 - 0001
I I I
Company Round Detector
Identification No. Identification
Code Code
The exposure data for your detector(s) has been entered by the RQA
Coordinator.
Enter analysis results in the blocks provided; for results in pCi/L,
round off to the nearest tenth; for results in WL, round off to nearest
thousandth. If necessary, fill in all unused blocks with zeros.
Please watch your decimal places.
If you are testing with a RPISU device, you must enter the initial and
final flowrates for your devices in the spaces provided.
41
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For Walk-in Detectors:
During the test, you are responsible for entering the exposure data.
Enter your analysis results in the blocks provided; for results in
pCi/L, round off to the nearest tenth; for results in WL, round off to
the nearest thousandth. Fill in all unused blocks with zeros if
necessary.
Specific Instructions (Back)
For Both Detector Types:
No analyses should be omitted for any reason. Analytical problems
and/or damaged detectors should be discussed under the "Comments"
section.
The operator, analyst or representative (manager) must sign and date
the analysis reporting form.
Reporting forms submitted without required signatures will be returned.
REPORTING FORMS RECEIVED AFTER (Scheduled Deadline) WILL NOT BE EVALUATED.
42
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EXHIBIT 8
ANALYSIS REPORTING FORM
RMP PROGRAM
ROUND 5
IL TO: Radon Quality Assurance Coordinator
Research Triangle Institute
3040 Cornwall is Road
P. 0. Box 12194
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
TELEPHONE: (919) 541-7131
Date Received at RTI; (above)
Must Be Received By: 02-15-88
* Participant : Radon Testing Svcs, Baltimore, MD
Participation Method : Charcoal Adsorption
Company Identification Code : PREC
Participant / Analyst
Participant
Detector / Instrument
Code
A32-
A33
Information &
Measured Results
RTI
Detector Picocuries/Liter
Code Resul ts
3635 1 1 |2| O.I |
3636
3637
3638
3639
1 1 l/|9.
-------
Comments:
I hereby affirm that the Information appearing on this Analysis Reporting Form
was acquired in analyses performed by;
(Name of Participating Company)
that the analyses were performed by the person whose signature appears below as
"Analyst"; that I am an employee, officer of, or consultant to the above-named
laboratory, that the detectors used in the analyses are the property of the
above-named laboratory; and that the analyses represented by this Analysis
Reporting Form are typical of analytical services available to the public from
the above company.
Signature of Analyst Date
44
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EXHIBIT 9
(EXAMPLE)
RESEARCH TRIANGLE INSTITUTE
RADON/RADON PROGENY ANALYTICAL PROFICIENCY REPORT
RADON MEASUREMENT PROFICIENCY (RMP) PROGRAM
(Round Performance Test)
Prepared and Distributed by the
Research Triangle Institute
Radon Technical Information Service
Research Triangle Park, NC
27709
Prepared for the
Office of Radiation Programs
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, DC
20460
EPA Contract No. - 68-01-7350
EPA Task Manager
Joe Gearo
Date
POST OFFICE BOX 12194 RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, N0RTHCAROLINA 27709
45
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46
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Introducti on
Tablel- Summary of Performances by Method
Table 2 - Analytical Results
47
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48
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TABLE 2
Analytical Results for Round
Test Period May/June 1987
Company
ABSA
GCVE
UQVE
MJVB
XNEA
Detector
Code
2015
2016
2017
2018
8665
8667
8668
8669
8255
8256
8258
8259
9635
9636
9638
9639
9560
9561
9562
9563
Measured
Value X
0.133
0.140
0.141
42.900
46.100
43.900
42.700
41.200
38.400
31.700
27.500
25.100
21.600
25.500
23.500
0.167
Target
Value T
0.144
0.144
0.144
38.400
38.400
38.400
38.400
38.600
38.600
38.600
38.600
24.800
24.800
24.800
24.800
0.202
Ratio
X/T
0.924
0.972
0.979
1.117
1.201
1.143
1.112
1.067
0.995
0.821
0.712
1.012
0.871
1.028
0.948
0.827
Standard Critical Value
Mean Deviation
Ratio of Ratio Bias Precision
0.958 0.030 0.250
1.143 0.041 0.250
0.899 0.162 0.250
0.965 0.071 0.250
0.827 0.000 0.250
51
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52
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EXHIBIT 10
(Exaaple)
CUMULATIVE PROFICIENCY REPORT
(This publication Is valid through February 1989)
EPA Test Round _
Prepared by
Research Triangle Institute
Radon Technical Information Service
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
Prepared for the
Office of Radiation Prograns
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Washington, DC 20460
July 1988
53
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54
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction
Selection of Measurement Method.
Program RequIrenents
Explanation of Abbreviations
Table 1: Areas Serviced by Measurement
Companies
Table 2: Performance Results of Companies.
55
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56
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INTRODUCTION
Recent public concern about the health
effects from exposure to radon has greatly
Increased the demand for companies qualified to
measure radon and radon progeny In Indoor air.
In response to states' requests for assistance,
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's
Office of Radiation Programs has developed the
Radon Measurement Proficiency (RMP) Program.
Under this program, any company offering
measurement services ~ directly, or Indirectly
through another company Is Invited to
demonstrate Its proficiency In measuring radon
gas and radon progeny levels.
The program's Immediate objective Is to
assist states and the public In selecting com-
panies that have demonstrated competence In
measuring Indoor radon and radon progeny. This
Is achieved by evaluating, on an EPA scheduled
basis, the proficiency of companies' detector
operations and the quality of their data
management. The companies that demonstrate
their proficiency in each of the areas are
listed In this Cumulative Proficiency Report.
The program's long-term objectives are to
promote standard measurement procedures among
measurement companies and to establish quality
assurance procedures for all measurement
companies.
The RMP Program Is not designed for ac-
crediting measurement companies. Nor does It
certify, recommend, or endorse participating
companies. The inclusion of a" company In this
report should not be Interpreted as a certifi-
cation or accreditation of that company. This
report Is only a source of measurement compa-
nies that have demonstrated capabilities for
measuring radon and radon progeny levels.
The testing periods are referred to as
test "rounds". A company enrolls its
measurement method(s) (e.g., activated charcoal
adsorption) for evaluation. A primary company
either owns analysis capabilities or makes all
measurements and analyses with its own
instrunentatlon and operators. This type of
company may or may not offer measurement
services directly to the public. A secondary
company's services may range from detector
distribution to home inspection and
consultation. This type of company must use
one of the primary companies for Its analyses.
EPA Instructs the primary companies to submit a
specific number and type of detectors (e.g.,
five charcoal canisters) for exposure to known
.levels of radon and radon progeny. After
exposure In a federal radon chamber, EPA
returns the detectors to the company without
revealing the radon gas or radon progeny
levels. The company analyzes the detector(s)
and reports Its measurements to EPA. EPA
compares the measurements with the known levels
of exposure. If the company's results are
within the established screening-measurement
criteria, It passes the performance test with
that method.
Only companies having met all the program
requirements for a method in the performance
test are listed In this Cumulative Proficiency
Report. A company's method that fails after
having been listed In a previous round's report
is omitted entirely from this report and will
not be reinstated until its next successful
performance In a round. When the method passes
again, its performance indicators for the
previous three rounds as well as for the
present round will be listed. Upon
57
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reinstatement, the round during which the
method had failed will be marked with an "NL"
Indicator, signifying Its omission from that
round's report.
Table 1 lists all the proficient companies
serving each state. Numerous companies distri-
bute ma II- In detectors and make measurements
nationwide. The companies offering nationwide
service are under the "Nationwide" heading, and
precede the individual state headings.
Table 2 lists the companies' performance
Indicators for each round over a two-year peri-
od. In addition, it Indicates If they are
"primary" or "secondary" companies, and shows
whether they have submitted acceptable quality
assurance (QA) plans.
In a case where a company offers primary
services for one method but not another, the
performance Indicators In Table 2 are
underscored to mark the method(s) for which it
Is a primary company. EPA has asked, but has
not required, that participating companies
submit for review a copy of their QA plans. A
"Q1" Indicator Instead of an "LI" In Table 2
Indicates that the company has submitted a plan
that compiles with the QA criteria recommended
by this program.
SELECTION OF MEASUREMENT METHOD
Several different measurement methods may
be used to determine the radon or radon progeny
concentrations in houses. In practice, the
choice of a method Is often dictated simply by
availability If an adequate method Is
available, you use It. If alternative methods
are available, then the cost or the duration of
the measurement may become the deciding factor.
EPA has developed measurement protocols
for eight different methods and believes that
any of them, when used In accordance with EPA
protocols, can produce valid results. This
does not mean that all measurements made ac-
cording to the suggested protocols will produce
results with Identical certainties. However,
It does mean that the listed methods are capa-
ble of producing adequate results for screening
or fol lowup purposes.
Each method has its own advantages and
disadvantages. Users must decl.de which method
Is best suited to their situations. The fol-
lowing sections detail the characteristics of
the eight methods, pointing out some of the
advantages and disadvantages of each one. This
summary is not exhaustive, but is intended to
guide the user In making an informed selection
of a measurement method.
Continuous Radon Monitoring (CR) and
Continuous HorkIng-Level Monitoring (CH)
These measurement methods are similar In
that they use an electronic detector to accumu-
late and store Information related to the peri-
odic (usually hourly) average concentrations of
radon gas or radon progeny (working level).
They are deployed In houses according to
guidelines in the EPA protocol, and then turned
on, or programmed for, the desired operating
time a minimum of six hours for screening
and twenty-four hours for followup measure-
ments. At the end of the test, the monitor
must be retrieved, and the results must be
analyzed by a skilled instrument operator.
Advantages
Relatively short measurement duration.
Hourly results can track the variation
of concentrations in the house.
58
-------
Very precise (most models).
Results are available on-slte (for CN).
Disadvantages
Relatively expensive, cost may range
from $100 to $300, depending on the
type of services provided.
Requires a skilled Instrument operator.
This, as does any short-term measure-
ment, requires careful control of
closed-house conditions twelve hours
before and during the test.
Because of the highly reactive nature
of radon progeny, the continuous
work Ing-1 eve I measurements are much
more susceptible to sampling error than
radon gas measurements.
Alpha-Track Detection (AT)
The alpha-track method measures radon. An
AT detector Is a small sheet of special plastic
material enclosed In a container with a filter-
covered opening. The radon gas that enters the
container decays, emitting alpha particles.
The particles strike the plastic sheet, leaving
tracks that can be chemically enhanced and
counted using a microscope or an automated
counting system.
The detectors are Installed In the home
according to guidelines In the EPA protocol.
They are left for periods of up to three months
for screening and twelve months for followup
measurements. At the end of the desired test-
Ing period, they must be returned to the dis-
tributor or analytical laboratory for process-
Ing and evaluation.
Advantages
Relatively low-cost services; cost may
range from $20 to $60.
No special skills required for making
the measurement.
Can be distributed by mall.
Completely passive, needs no external
power.
Can measure the long-terra average con-
centrations over a twelve-month period,
which Is the optimal measurement of
long-term concentrations.
Disadvantages
Relatively long measurement period
necessary; three months Is the recom-
mended minimum for currently available
detectors.
Activated Charcoal Adsorption (CC)
The charcoal adsorption method measures
radon gas. The detectors for this method
consist of variously configured containers
filled with a measured amount of activated
charcoal. The container is often perforated or
screened to keep the charcoal from falling out,
and to filter out radon progeny. All charcoal
adsorbers are stored In airtight containers
when not being used for sampling.
Charcoal adsorbers can be received through
the mall from a distributor. They are
Installed In the home for up to seven days
according to guidelines in the EPA protocols.
At the end of testing, an adsorber is resealed
and returned to the distributor^ or analytical
laboratory for processing and evaluation.
Advantages
Low cost for services; costs may range
from $10 to $25.
Can be distributed by mail.
No special skills needed for making the
measurement.
Completely passive, needs no external
power.
With proper analysis, can yield precise
results.
59
-------
Disadvantages
Some charcoal adsorbers are more sensi-
tive than others to temperature and
humidity.
Limited to short-terra testing.
Requires, as does any short-term meas-
urement , careful control of closed-
house conditions twelve hours before
and during the test.
Radon Progeny Integrating Sampling Unlt-RPISU
(RP)
The RP method measures radon progeny. RP
detectors have a flow-rate air pump that pulls
air continuously through a detector assembly.
Depending on the model, the unit can be In-
stalled and operated by homeowners or skilled
operators for three days or longer, according
to guidelines In the EPA protocol. At the end
of that time, the homeowner sends It to the
distributor, or an operator removes the unit
and returns It to the analysis laboratory for
processing and evaluation.
Advantages
Directly measures concentrations of
radon decay products.
Relatively short measurement period.
The detector assembly and some entire
units can be sent by mall.
There Is extensive experience In the
use of RPISU's; therefore, measurement
errors are well established.
Disadvantages
Relatively expensive; cost may range
from $40 to $150, depending on type of
service provided.
Some models may be both heavy and
awkward to move.
May be limited to locations with AC
power.
Some units must be Installed and picked
up by a skilled Instrument operator.
Because of the highly reactive nature
of radon decay products, measurements
are much more susceptible to sampling
error than radon gas measurements.
Grab Radon (GR) and Grab Radon Progeny(Gw)
The grab sampling methods measure concen-
trations of radon gas or radon progeny concen-
trations. The radon grab sample Is collected
In a special flask holding 100 to 2,000 cubic
centimeters of air. The radon progeny grab
sample is collected by drawing air through a
filter upon which progeny, if present In the
air, are collected. Both samples can be ac-
quired simultaneously with some detector sys-
tems. All sampling should be done in accor-
dance with guidelines In the EPA protocols.
For results of the grab radon test, opera-
tors must return to their offices to analyze
the exposed detectors, and must delay the anal-
ysis for at least four hours after the testing.
For most grab working-level tests (radon proge-
ny), operators can perform the analysis on
location in an hour or less.
Advantages
Results are quickly obtained.
Equipment can be portable.
Some detector systems can sample both
radon gas and radon progeny
simultaneously.
Can acquire and evaluate several
samples per day.
Conditions during the measurement are
known to the operator.
Disadvantages
Relatively expensive; costs may range
from $80 to $300, depending on the type
of services offered.
60
-------
Very short measurement periods nay not
be representative of the long-tern
average concentrations.
Requires a skilled operator.
Requires, as does any short-terra meas-
urement, careful control of closed-
house conditions twelve hours before
and during the test.
Because of the highly reactive nature
of radon progeny, grab radon progeny
measurements are much more susceptible
to sampling error than radon gas
measurements.
Electret-PERM (EP)
Electret-PERM (EP) Is an Integrating
detector used to measure radon gas. It Is a
canister containing a charged electret which
detects to the radiation emitted from radon and
radon decay products.
E-PERMs can be received through the nail
and Installed In a home according to guidelines
In the EPA protocol for two to seven days or
three to twelve months, respectively, for
short or long-terra E-PERMs. At the end of the
testing period. It Is resealed and returned to
the analytical laboratory for processing and
evaluation.
Advantages
The E-PERM Is a relatively Inexpensive
(cost may range from $8 - $25) small
detector that produces a result that Is
a true Integrated average radon concen
tratlon.
Two types of E-PERMs are aval(able,
allowing the method to be used for both
short-term and long-term measurements.
The laboratory analysis of E-PERMs Is
nondestructive, allowing results to be
verified If necessary.
Disadvantages
E-PERMs are sensitive to background
garana radiation, necessitating a
background check and subtraction of an
Increment of voltage.
The E-PERM method Is new, and EPA does
not have extensive experience with this
method.
PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS
For each method, participants must send
with their applications a copy of the operating
Instructions they provide homeowners and/or
those used by an Instrument operator. These
Instructions must reflect the measurement
procedures found In the EPA documents, "Interim
Indoor Radon and Radon Decay Product Measure-
ment Protocols" and "Interim Protocols for
Screening and Followup Radon and Radon Decay
Product Measurements". They must be accepted
by, and on file with, EPA by the deadline
specified on that round's schedule.
After enrolled, a company must meet EPA's
minimum screening-measurement requirements for
each method. A company must meet all detector
and analysis result deadlines as listed on the
program schedule. Applications, detectors, and
analyses reporting forms received after a
scheduled deadline will not be considered in
the performance evaluation process. A com-
pany's detector(s) must be tested every round
to maintain Its proficiency listing.
EXPLANATION OF ABBREVIATIONS
Methods Units
AT - Alpha-track Detection (pCI/L)
CC - Activated Charcoal Adsorption (pCi/L)
CR - Continuous Radon Monitoring (pCi/L)
-------
EXPLANATION OF ABBREVIATIONS (cent.)
Methods Units
CW - Continuous Working-Level
Monitoring (Hi)
GR - Grab Radon Sampling (pCI/L)
GW - Grab Working-Level Sampling (W.)
RP - Radon Progeny Integrated
Sampllng/RPISU (WL)
EP - Electret-PERM (pCI/L)
Measurement Units
pCI/L - Plcocurles per liter air, radon gas
measurement units.
NL - Work Ing-1 eve I, radon progeny
measurement units.
Definition of Performance Indicator
L1 - Signifies a company's ability to meet all
program requirements with the given meas-
urement method In the performance test.
Q1 - Same as LI, except the company has an
approved QA plan on file with EPA.
NL - Signifies a method's omission from the CPR
because of unsuccessful participation.
This Indicator Is only used when a method
has passed a round, then failed, resulting
In Its performance record being omitted
from a previous report, and has now passed
again. "NL" Is used In the method's
reinstated performance record.
Others
QA - Quality Assurance.
DT - Detector(s) damaged or lost through no
fault of the participant.
62
-------
TABLt 1
MEASUREMENT COMPANIES BY SERVICE AREAS
* Company
Measurement Methods
* Company
Measurement Methods
U)
NATIONAL
AAA Radon
Able Radon Control
Action-Air Services
Adams Construction Company
Advanced Air Testing, Inc
Advanced Science
Air Monitor Corporation
Air Studies
Alaska Clean Air Company
Alpha/Beta Radon Measurement
Broughton, Inc
BuiIders Service, Inc
CaI dwell Inspection Services, Inc
Clean Home Health Services
Critical Care Home Inspection
Devon Radon Inspection Services
Energy Sources and Services
Energy Systems - South, Inc.
Field Data, Inc
Green Level Inspection Service
Gauss Radon Technology
Home Measurements, Inc
House/Home Air Measurements
Inspectors of Camden, Inc
John Grant Company
KJ Construction
Lentus Radon & Safe Air
+ Montana Health Services
National Testers
NC Radon Control
NJ Radon Specialists, Inc
Operation Radon
ODS Services ft Inspection
Pure-Air Safety Services
Radiation Force, Inc
Radiation Inspection & Constr.
Radon in Air Corp.
CC,CR,GR
GW.CW
AT,EP
CW
CW
AT,CC,EP
AT
AT
AT,GW,CW
CC,RP
CW
AT.CC
CW
AT
AT,CC,EP,CR,GR,GW,RP,CW
EP
CC
AT
AT,CC,CR,CW
GW
AT,CC
CC,GR
CC.EP.GR
AT
CW
GW
AT
CR
CR
AT,CC
GW
CW
CC
CR
GR.GW
AT,CC,EP
CW
Radon Mit. ft Construction Serv.
Radon OPS, Inc
Radon Restraint
Radon Services
Radon Systems of NJ
Radon Will!ams Company
Rich Hill Specialty Corp.
RRR Rad/Chem/Analysts
Sample Health
Simple Facts Home Inspections
Southern Radon Care
Southern Specs
Tru-Care Home Inspection
UV Radon Specialists
West River Inspection Services
ZZZ Inc.
ALABAMA
AAA Spec, ft Radiation Treatment
AKA Radon
+ Alabama Residential
Ambient Air Polution Testers
Arid/Wet Home Services
Bronson, Inc.
David Norton Home Care, Inc.
East Mason, Inc.
Lorn Radiation Inspection
Maine State inspectors
* Mississippi State Services
Nu-Rad Air Inspections
Radiation Clean, Inc.
Radiation Testers of TN
Standard Inspections, Co.
TTT Insulation / Inspection
ALASKA
B-Rad, A Chem/Com Division
Bui It-Rite ft Tite Construction
AT
AT
CC
CW
CW
CC
CR.CW
AT,CC,EP
CW
CR,GR
AT,CC,CW
CC.RP
CW
CC
CW
AT,GR
CC
CC
CW
AT.GR
CW
GW
RP
AT,GR,CW
CC.EP
CW
RP
AT,CC,EP,GR,RP,CW
CR
CR
CW
AT,CC
AT,CC,CR,GR,GW,CW
AT,CC,EP,CR,GR,GW,RP,CW
* For addresses, phone numbers, and performance records see Table 2.
+ Non-commercial laboratory for research purposes or State agencies' assistance only.
-------
TABLE 2
PERFORMANCE RESULTS OF COMPANIES
Company
Date of Working Level
Round Radon Measurement Measurement
AT CC EP CR GR GW RP CW
* Company
Date of Working Level
Round Radon Measurement Measurement
AT CC EP CR GR GW RP CW
Agro/Chem Supply789 6/87 LI
1911 Brooks Barn Road
Burrow Hill, CA 12889
Bobby Lee Crawford
(800) 655-4123
ARS Industrial Inspection Co. 11/86 LI LI
P. 0. Box 888 6/87 LI LI
Morrisville, KY 12966
Gates Whitley
(919) 65E-8O8O
Bradford Radon Control 6/87 £1
Eagle Road
Keaver, WY 39933
o . Rob Rogers
*"" (919) 655-7732
Brook VaI ley Services 6/87
12 Brook Valley Road
Brook Valley, CA 12333
Alice Nines
(919) 655-5777
Constant Controls Radon Monitoring 6/87 LI
P. 0. Box 1212
E. Newton Expressway
Milton, GA 94949
Karen J. Earp
(800) 565-2346
Detection Systems of NJ 6/87 LI
181 Gold Road
Hiawa, NJ 43949
Keith Bunch
(667) 665-3838
£1 Fike Chemical Analysis
Tar Bank Loop
Creech, MN 43434
Bea L. Clint
(800) 556-4667
Great Lakes Sciences, Inc
P. 0. Box 13
Carp, WI 39393
Dr. Anne Wolf
(800) 655-3434
LI LI Micro-Measure Air Services
Rt. 2, Box 1221
Walton Mount, VA 39399
Kurt Duncan
(929) 658-2424
£1 OPS Air Systems
812 East 21st Street
Chicago, IL 48484
Roger Kite
(943) 665-6789
Ql Preventive Measures
Hawk Court f 3
Alston, ME 93932
April Smythe
(434) 656-3464
Radiation Inspection A Control, Inc
P. 0. Box 1313
Beaver Creek Rd
Fa I ton, AZ 76766
Penny Wllst
(800) 655-2486
6/87 Ql LI U
Ql LI
11/86
6/87
LI LI
LI LI
6/87 LI LI
11/86
6/87
LI
LI
6/87 LI
6/87
LI
* See TABLE 1 for the States each company serves.
Note: Underscored performance indicators denote a primary company capable of performing measurement analyses in house or making measurements
King operators and instruments belonging to the company.
e Definitions of Performance Indicators on pages 5 and 6.
-------
EXHIBIT 11
(Exaople)
PROFICIENCY REPORT
(This publication valid through February 1989)
EPA Test Round
Prepared by
Research Triangle Institute
Radon Technical Information Service
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
Prepared for
Office of Radiation Prograns
U.S. Envlronisental Protection Agency
Washington, DC 20460
July 1988
65
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66
-------
Table of Contents
Introduction
Selection of Measurement Method.
Progran RequIrements
Explanation of Abbreviations
Table 1: Measurement Companies Serving
Your State
67
-------
68
-------
INTRODUCTION
Recent public concern about the health
effects from exposure to radon has greatly
increased the demand for companies qualified to
measure radon and radon progeny In Indoor air.
In response to states' requests for assistance,
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's
Office of Radiation Programs has developed the
Radon Measurement Proficiency (RMP) Program.
Under this program, any company offering
measurement services directly, or Indirectly
through another company ~ is invited to
demonstrate Its proficiency In measuring radon
gas and/or radon progeny levels.
The program's Immediate objective Is to
assist states and the public In selecting com-
panies that have demonstrated competence In
measuring Indoor radon and/or radon progeny.
This Is achieved by evaluating, on an EPA
scheduled basis, the proficiency of companies'
detector operations, and the quality of their
data management. Those companies that
demonstrate proficiency In each of these areas
are listed In this Proficiency Report. The
program's long-term objectives are to promote
standard measurement procedures among
measurement companies and to establish quality
assurance procedures for all measurement
companies.
The RMP Program Is not designed for ac-
crediting measurement companies, nor does It
certify, recommend, or endorse participating
companies. The Inclusion of a company In this
report should not be interpreted as a certifi-
cation or accreditation of that company. This
report is only a source of measurement compa-
nies that have demonstrated capabilities for
measuring radon and radon progeny levels.
The testing periods are referred to as
test "rounds". A company enrolls its
measurement methods (e.g., activated charcoal
adsorption) for evaluation. A primary company
either owns analysis capabilities or makes all
measurements and analyses with its own
Instrumentation and operators. This type of
company may or may not offer measurement
services directly to the public. A secondary
company's services may range from detector
distribution to home inspection and
consultation. This type of company must use
one of the primary companies for its analyses.
EPA Instructs the primary companies to submit a
specific number and type of detectors (e.g.,
five charcoal canisters) for exposure to known
levels of radon and/or radon progeny. After
exposure, EPA returns the detectors to the
company. The company analyzes the detectors
and reports its measurements to EPA. EPA
compares the measurements with the known levels
of exposure.
Only companies having met all the program
requirements for a method in the performance
test are listed In this Proficiency Report.
Table 1 lists. In alphabetical order, all those
companies offering measurement services in your
state.
SELECTION OF MEASUREMENT METHOD
Several different measurement methods may
be used to determine the radon or radon progeny
concentrations In houses. In practice, the
choice of a method is often dictated simply by
availability If an adequate method is
available, you use it. If alternative methods
are available, then the cost or the duration of
the measurement may become the deciding factor.
69
-------
EPA has developed measurement protocols
for eight different methods and believes that
any of them, when used In accordance with EPA
protocols, can produce valid results. This
does not mean that a 11 measurements made ac-
cord Ing to the suggested protocols will produce
results with Identical uncertainties. However,
It does mean that the listed methods are capa-
ble of producing adequate results for screening
or followup purposes.
Each method has Its own advantages and
disadvantages. Users must decide which method
Is best suited to their situations. The fol-
lowing sections describe the characteristics of
the eight methods, pointing out some of the
advantages and disadvantages of each one. This
summary Is not exhaustive, but Is Intended to
guide the user In making an Informed selection
of a measurement method.
Continuous Radon Monitoring (CR) and Continuous
Working-Level Monitoring (CW)
These measurement methods are similar In
that they use an electronic detector to accumu-
late and store Information related to the peri-
odic (usually hourly) average concentration of
radon gas or radon progeny. They are deployed
In houses according to guidelines In the EPA
protocol, and then turned on or programmed for
the desired operating time a minimum of six
hours for screening and twenty-four hours for
followup measurements. At the end of the test,
the monitor must be retrieved, and the results
must be analyzed by a skilled Instrument
operator.
Advantages
Relatively short measurement duration.
Hourly results can track the variation
of concentrations In the house.
Very precise (most models).
Results are available on site (for CW).
Disadvantages
Relatively expensive, cost may range
from $100 to $300, depending on the
type of services provided.
Requires a skilled instrument operator.
This, as does any short-term measure-
ment, requires careful control of
closed-house conditions twelve hours
before and during the test.
Because of highly reactive nature of
radon decay products, measurements are
much more susceptible to sampling error
than radon gas measurements.
Alpha-Track Detection (AT)
The alpha-track method measures radon. An
AT detector is a small sheet of special plastic
material enclosed In a container with a filter
covered opening. The radon gas that enters the
container decays, emitting alpha particles.
These particles strike the plastic sheet
leaving tracks that can be chemically enhanced
and counted using a microscope or an automated
counting system.
The detectors are installed in the home
according to guidelines in the EPA protocol.
They are left for periods of up to three months
for screening and twelve months for followup
measurements. At the end of the desired test-
Ing period, they must be returned to the dis-
tributor or analytical laboratory for process-
Ing and evaluation.
Advantages
Relatively low-cost services; cost may
range from $20 to $60.
70
-------
No special skills required for making
the measurement.
Can be distributed by mall.
Completely passive, needs no external
power.
Can measure the long-term average con-
centrations over a twelve-month period,
which Is the optimal measure of long-
term concentrations.
Disadvantages
Relatively long measurement period
necessary; three months Is the recom-
mended minimum for currently available
detectors.
Activated Charcoal Adsorption (CC)
The charcoal adsorption method measures
radon gas. The detectors for this method con-
sist of variously configured containers filled
with a measured amount of activated charcoal.
The container is often perforated or screened
to keep the charcoal from falling out and to
filter out radon progeny. All charcoal adsorb-
ers are stored In airtight containers when not
being used for sampling.
Charcoal adsorbers can be received through
the mall from a distributor. They are Install-
ed In the home for up to seven days, according
to guidelines In the EPA protocols. At the end
of testing, an adsorber Is reseated and return-
ed to the distributor or analytical laboratory
for processing and evaluation.
Advantages
Low cost for services; costs may range
from $10 to $25.
Can be distributed by mall.
No special skills needed for making the
measurement.
Completely passive, needs no external
power.
With proper analysis, can yield precise
results.
Disadvantages
Some charcoal adsorbers are more sensi-
tive than others to temperature and
humidity.
Limited to short-terra testing.
Requires, as does any short-term meas-
urement, careful control of closed-
house conditions twelve hours before
and during the test.
Radon Progeny Integrating Sampling Unlt-RPISU
(RP)
The RP method measures radon progeny. RP
detectors have a flow-rate air pump that pulls
air continuously through a detector assembly.
Depending on the model, the unit can be In-
stalled and operated by homeowners or skilled
operators for three days or longer according to
guidelines In the EPA protocol. At the end of
that time, the homeowner sends It to the dis-
tributor, or an operator removes the unit and
returns It to the analysis laboratory for pro-
cessing and evaluation.
Advantages
Directly measures concentrations of
radon decay products.
Relatively short measurement period.
The detector assembly and some entire
units can be sent by mail.
There Is extensive experience In the
use of RPISU'S; therefore, measurement
errors are well established.
Disadvantages
Relatively expensive; cost may range
from $40 to $150, depending on type of
service provided.
Some models may be both heavy and
awkward to move.
71
-------
May be United to locations with AC
power.
Some units must be installed and picked
up by a skilled Instrument operator.
Because of the highly reactive nature
of radon decay products, measurements
are much more susceptible to sampling
error than radon gas measurements.
Grab Sampling - Radon (GR) and Radon
Progeny (GW)
The grab sampling methods measure concen-
trations of radon gas or radon progeny concen-
trations. The radon grab sample Is collected
In a special flask holding 100 to 2,000 cubic
centimeters of air. The radon progeny grab
sample is collected by drawing air through a
filter upon which progeny, If present In the
air, are collected. Both samples can be ac-
quired simultaneously with some detector sys-
tems. All sampling should be done In accor-
dance with guidelines In the EPA protocol.
For results of the grab radon test, opera-
tors must return to their offices to analyze
the exposed detectors, and must delay the anal-
ysis for at least four hours after the sample
Is taken. For most grab work Ing-1 eve I tests
(radon progeny), operators can perform the
analysis on location In an hour or less.
Advantages
Results are quickly obtained.
Equipment can be portable.
Some detector systems can sample both
radon and radon progeny simultaneously.
Can acquire and evaluate several
samples per day.
Conditions during the measurement are
known to the operator.
Disadvantages
Relatively expensive; costs may range
from $80 to $300, depending on the type
of services offered.
Very short measurement periods may not
be representative of the long-term
average concentrations.
Requires a skilled operator.
Requires, as does any short-term
measurement, careful control of closed-
house conditions twelve hours before
and during the test.
Because of the highly reactive nature
of radon decay products, measurements
are much more susceptible to sampling
error than radon gas measurements.
Electret-PERM (EP)
Electret-PERM (EP) Is an Integrating
detector used to measure radon gas. It Is a
canister containing a charged electret which
detects to the radiation emitted from radon and
radon decay products.
E-PERMs can be received through the mail
and Installed in a home according to guidelines
In the EPA protocol for two to seven days or
three to twelve months, respectively for short
or long-term E-PERMs. At the end of the
testing period, It is resealed and returned to
the analytical laboratory for processing and
evaluation.
Advantages
The E-PERM Is a relatively inexpensive
(cost may range from $8 - $25) small
detector that produces a result that is
a true Integrated average radon concen
tratlon.
Two types of E-PERMs are aval lab Ie,
allowing the method to be used for both
short-term and long-term measurements.
The laboratory analysis of E-PERMs is
nondestructive, allowing results to be
verified If necessary.
-------
Disadvantages
E-PERMs are sensitive to background
gamma radiation, necessitating a
background check and subtraction of an
Increment of voltage.
The E-PERM method Is new, and EPA does
not have extensive experience with this
method.
PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS
For each method, participants must send
with their applications a copy of the operating
Instructions they provide homeowners and/or
those used by an Instrument operator. These
Instructions must reflect the measurement
procedures found In the EPA documents, "Interim
Indoor Radon and Radon Decay Product Measure-
ment Protocols" and "InterIn Protocols for
Screening and Followup Radon and Radon Decay
Product Measurement". They must be accepted
by, and on file with, EPA by the deadline
specified on that round's schedule.
Once enrolled, a company must meet EPA's
minimum screening-measurement requirements for
each method. A company must meet all detector
and analysis result deadlines as listed on Its
program schedule. Applications, detectors, and
analysis reporting forms received after a
scheduled dead 11ne will not be consJdered In
the performance evaluation process. A com-
pany's detector(s) must be tested every round
to maintain Its proficiency listing.
GR - Grab Radon Sampling (pCI/L)
GN - Grab Working-Level Sampling (HI)
RP - Radon Progeny Integrated
Saapllng/RPISU (HI)
EP - Electret-PERM (pCI/L)
Measurement Units
pCI/L - Plcocurles per liter, radon gas
measurement units.
WL - Working-1 eve I, radon progeny
measurement units.
Others
DT - Detector(s) damaged or lost through no
fault of the participant.
EXPLANATION OF ABBREVIATIONS
Methods Units
AT - Alpha-Track Detection (pCI/L)
CC - Activated Charcoal Adsorption (pCI/L)
CR - Continuous Radon Monitoring (pCI/L)
CW - Continuous Working-Level
Monitoring (WL)
73
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TABLE 1
MEASUREMENT COMPANIES SERVING KENTUCKY
* Company
Able Electric Measurements
Suite |4, Epson Rd
Dreyer, NY 12345
(800) 666-4652
Apple A Main, Inc.
Buyers Bui I ding
Whitfield Road
Fa I staff, MN 13243-1231
(800) 655-5241
Beta Sciences of Alaska
P. 0. Box 1234-A
AI auto, AK 98765
(101) 555-3453
Cardinal Radon Control
East Midway Express
Bldg 7, Room 1004
Bragaw, VA 22354
(800) 565-2222
Dillon Mitigation, Inc
5 Dillon Drive
Western Bluff, TX 12398
(333) 666-2347
Electro-Chem Inspection Service Inc
W. Wilson Street
Colliers, AL 12394
(465) 655-9009
Freeman Air Quality Services, Inc.
B-12 Green River Run
Gal ax, OH 23423
(484) 666-7341
Measurement Methods
CC.EP
Company
AT
GR.GW
AT,CC,EP,CR,GR,GW,RP,CW
AT.CC
CW
CW
Hazard Control A Recovery
1234-AA Hill Circle
Kress, NJ 12392
(800) 565-1122
Kentucky Air Services
P. 0. Box 123
14 Briar Court Road
Farmington, KY 13999
(301) 666-2341
Kentucky Radon Control
W. Bright Street
Newton, KY 12999
(3O2) 555-5622
Moore Construction Company
P. 0. Box 919
Gore, GA 12888
(919) 666-8861
No-Problem Radon Control
P. 0. Box 1233 A
Rich Hill, TN 3O222
(800) 665-1234
Nuclear Solutions
Kelvin Circle
Mill City, CA 12556
(444) 666-1239
OR-X Corporation
1919 Church Street
Harrison BuiIding
Archdale, PA 44333
(800) 666-8868
Measurement Methods
GR.GW
CW
CW
CW,GR,GW
cc
GW.CW
AT,CC,EP
* More detailed Information on the measurement companies' services and past performances is available upon request from your
State Radiation Representative's Office.
| Non-commercial laboratory for research purposes or State agencies' assistance only.
Note: Underscored methods indicate a primary company capable of performing measurement analyses in house or making measurements
employed by and instruments belonging to the company.
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