xvEPA U ruted States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances Washington DC 20460 August 1981 Pesticides 0,0-diethyl S-[(6-chloro-2- oxobenzoxazolin-3-yl-)methyl] phosphorodithioate fPhosalone) Pesticide Registration Standard ------- Phosalone Pesticide Registration Standard Carol E. Langley Ingrid M. Sunzenauer William Boodee Daniel Byrd Dennis Edwards Roger Gardner Linda Garczynski Steve Hopkins John Jordan Richard Lee Rosalie Metzger Allen Scheid E. David Thomas Les Touart Phil Williams Ralph Wright Project Manager (SPRD) Project Manager (SPRD) Chemist (RCB/HED) Science Advisor (HED) Assistant Product Manager (RD) Toxicologist (TB/HED) Writer/Editor (SPRD) Plant Physiologist (EEB/HED) Microbiologist (EFB/HED) Entomologist (EEB/HED) Chemist (RCB/HED) Economist (EAB/BFSD) Supervisory Entomologist (ASIB/BFSD) Fisheries Biologist (EEB/HED) Management Analyst (SPRD) Project Manager (SPRD) August 21, 1981 Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances Environmental Protection Agency 401 M Street, SW Washington, D.C. 20460 ------- Errata Sheet for Phosalone Pesticide Registration Standard, Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 20460, August, 1981. The changes are as follows: Insert Table 1, page 55a. Insert Table 2, Page 60a. Delete the following two citations from the Office of Pesticide Programs Registration Standard Bibliography entitled "Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate for Use in Developing the Standard": 000006386 Desmoras, J.; Laurent, M., Terlain, B; Aublet, J.C.; Sasmayoux, J.C.; Savary, M. (1966) Study of the Metabolism of Phosalone (11974 R.P.) in Plants: R.P.—D.S. Ph. No. 11686. (Unpublished study received February 2, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Chipman Chemical Company, Inc., Burlingame, California; CDL; 090727-E) 000006674 Societe des Usines Chimiques Phone-Poulenc (1968) R.P.: Oxygen Analogue of Phosalone: Acute Oral Toxicity and Anticholinesterasic Activity in Vitro: R.P.—D.S. Ph. No. 12644. (Unpublished study received June 14, 1968 under 8F0668; Submitted by Chipman Chemical Company, Inc., Burlingame, California, CDL: 091170-B) ------- - TABLE OF CONTENTS - page Chapter I How to Register under a Registration Standard 2 Chapter II Regulatory Position and Rationale 10 Chapter III Summary of Data Requirements and Data Gaps 19 Chapter IV Product Chemistry 41 Chapter V Environmental Fate 46 Chapter VI Toxicology 55 Chapter VII Residue Chemistry 63 Chapter VIII Ecological Effects 72 Bibliography 75 ------- CHAPTER I: HOW TO REGISTER UNDER A REGISTRATION STANDARD A. Organization of the Standard B. Purpose of the Standard C. Requirement to Reregister Under the Standard D. "Product Specific" Data and "Generic" Data E. Data Compensation Requirements under FIFRA 3(c)(l)(D) F. Obtaining Data to Fill "Data Gaps"; FIFRA 3(c)(2)(B) G. Amendments to the Standard A. Organization of the Standard This first chapter explains the purpose of a Registration Standard and summarizes the legal principles involved in registering or reregistering under a Standard. The second chapter involves the regulatory position and the rationale supporting this position. The third chapter sets forth the data requirements that must be met to obtain or retain registration for products covered by this particular Registration Standard. In the remaining chapters, the Agency reviews the available data by scientific discipline, discusses the Agency's concerns with the identified potential hazards. B. Purpose of the Standard Section 3 of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) provides that "no person in any State may distribute, sell, offer for sale, hold for sale, ship, deliver for shipment, or receive (and having so received) deliver or offer to deliver, to any person any pesticide which is not registered with the Administrator [of EPA]." To approve the registration of a pesticide, the Administrator must find, pursuant to Section 3(c)(5) that: "1. its composition is such as to warrant the proposed claims for it; 2. its labeling and other material required to be submitted comply with the requirements of this Act; 3. it will perform its intended function without unreasonable adverse effects on the environment; and 4. when used in accordance with widespread and commonly recognized practice it will not generally cause unreasonable adverse effects on the environment." In making these findings, the Agency reviews a wide range of data which registrants are required to submit, and assesses the risks and benefits associated with the use of the proposed pesticide. However, the established approach to making these findings has been found to be defective on two counts. ------- First, EPA and its predecessor agency, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), routinely reviewed registration applications on a "product by product" basis, evaluating each product-specific application somewhat independently. In the review of products containing similar components, there was little opportunity for a retrospective review of the full range of pertinent data available in Agency files and in the public literature. Thus the "product by product" approach was often inefficient and sometimes resulted in inconsistent or incomplete regulatory judgments. Second, over the years, as a result of inevitable and continuing advances in scientific knowledge, methodology, and policy, the data base for many pesticides came to be considered inadequate by current scientific and regulatory standards. Given the long history of pesticide regulation in several agencies, it is even likely that materials may have been lost from the data files. When EPA issued new requirements for registration in 1975 (40 CFR 162) and proposed new guidelines for hazard testing in 1978 (43 FR 29686, July 10/1978 and 43 FR 37336, August 22, 1978), many products that had already been registered for years were being sold and used without the same assurances of human and environmental safety as was being required for new products. Because of this inconsistency, Congress directed EPA to reregister all previously registered products, so as to bring their registrations and their data bases into compliance with current requirements [See FIFRA Section 3(g)]. Facing the enormous job of re-reviewing and calling-in new data for the approximately 35,000 current registrations, and realizing the inefficiencies of the "product by product" approach, the Agency decided that a new, more effective method of review was needed. A new review procedure has been developed. Under it, EPA publishes documents called Registration Standards, each of which discusses a particular pesticide active ingredient. Each Registration Standard summarizes all the data available to the Agency on a particular active ingredient and its current uses, and sets forth the Agency's comprehensive position on the conditions and requirements for registration of all -existing and future products which contain that active ingredient. These conditions and requirements, all of which must be met to obtain or retain full registration or reregistration under Section 3(c)(5) of FIFRA, include the submission of needed scientific data which the Agency does not now have, compliance with standards of toxicity, composition, labeling, and packaging, and satisfaction of the data compensation provisions of FIFRA Section 3(c)(l)(D). The Standard will also serve as a tool for product classification. As part of the registration of a pesticide product, EPA may classify each product for "general use" or "restricted use" [FIFRA Section 3(d)]. A pesticide is classified for "restricted use" when some special regulatory restriction is needed to ensure against unreasonable adverse effects to man or the environment. Many such risks of unreasonable adverse effects can be lessened ------- if expressly-designed label precautions are strictly followed. Thus the special regulatory restriction for a "restricted use" pesticide is usually a requirement that it be applied only by, or under the supervision of, an applicator who has been certified by the State or Federal government as being competent to use the pesticide safely, responsibly, and in accordance with label directions. A restricted-use pesticide can have other regulatory restrictions [40 CFR 162.11(c)(5)] instead of, or in addition to, the certified applicator requirement. These other regulatory restrictions may include such actions as seasonal or regional limitations on use, or a requirement for the monitoring of residue levels after use. A pesticide classified for "general use," or not classified at all, is available for use by any individual who is in compliance with State or local regulations. The Registration Standard review compares information about potential adverse effects of specific uses of the pesticide with risk criteria listed in 40 CFR 162.11(c), and thereby determines whether a product needs to be classified for "restricted use." If the Standard does classify a pesticide for "restricted use," this determination is stated in the second chapter. C. Requirement to Reregister Under the Standard FIFRA Section 3(g), as amended in 1978, directs EPA to reregister all currently registered products as expeditiously as possible. Congress also agreed that reregistration should be accomplished by the use of Registration Standards. Each registrant of a currently registered product to which this Standard applies, and who wishes to continue to sell or distribute his product in commerce, must apply for reregistration. His application must contain proposed labeling that complies with this Standard. EPA will issue a notice of intent to cancel the registration of any currently registered product to which this Standard applies if the registrant fails to comply with the procedures for reregistration set forth in the Guidance Package which accompanies this Standard. D. "Product Specific" Data and "Generic" Data In the course of developing this Standard, EPA has determined the types of data needed for evaluation of the properties and effects of products to which the Standard applies, in the disciplinary areas of Product Chemistry, Environmental Fate, Toxicology, Residue Chemistry, and Ecological Effects. These determinations are based primarily on the data Guidelines proposed in 43 FR 29696, July 10, 1978; 43 FR 37336, August 22, 1978; and 45 FR 72948, November 3, 1980, as applied to the use patterns of the products to which this Standard applies. Where it appeared that data from a normally applicable Guidelines requirement was actually unnecessary to evaluate these products, the Standard indicates that the requirement has been waived. On the other hand, in some cases studies not required by the Guidelines may be needed because of the particular composition or use pattern of products the Standard covers; if so, ------- the Standard explains the Agency's reasoning. Data guidelines have not yet been proposed for the Residue Chemistry discipline, but the requirements for such data have been in effect for some time and are, the Agency believes, relatively familiar to registrants. Data which we have found are needed to evaluate the registrability of some products covered by the Standard may not be needed for the evaluation of other products, depending upon the composition, formulation type, and intended uses of the product in question. The Standard states which data requirements apply to which product categories. (See the third chapter.) The various kinds of data normally required for registration of a pesticide product can be divided into two basic groups: 1. Data that are product specific , i.e. data that relate only to the properties or effects of a product with a particular composition (or a group of products with closely similar composition); and 2. Generic data that pertain to the properties or effects of a particular ingredient, and thus are relevant to an evaluation of the risks and benefits of all products containing that ingredient (or all such products having a certain use pattern), regardless of any such product's unique composition. The Agency requires certain "product specific" data for each product to characterize the product's particular composition and physical/chemical properties (Product Chemistry), and to characterize the product's acute toxicity (which is a function of its total composition). The applicant for registration or reregistration of any product, whether it is a manufacturing- use or end-use product, and without regard to its intended use pattern, must submit or cite enough of this kind of data to allow EPA to evaluate the product. For such purposes, "product specific" data on any product other than the applicant's is irrelevant, unless the other product is closely similar in composition to the applicant's. (Where it has been found practicable to group similar products for purposes of evaluating, with a single set of tests, all products in the group, the Standard so indicates.) "Product specific" data on the efficacy of particular end-use products are also required where the exact formulation may affect efficacy and where failure of efficacy could cause public health problems. All other data needed to evaluate pesticide products concern the properties or effects of a particular ingredient of products (normally a pesticidally active ingredient, but in some cases a pesticidally inactive, or "inert", ingredient). Some data in this "generic" category are required to evaluate the properties and effects of all products containing that ingredient [e.g., the acute LD-50 of the active ingredient in its technical or purer grade; see proposed guidelines, 43 FR 37355]. ------- Other "generic" data are required to evaluate all products which both contain a particular ingredient and are intended for certain uses (see, e.g., proposed guidelines,43 FR 37363, which requires subchronic oral testing of the active ingredient with respect to certain use patterns only). Where a particular data requirement is use-pattern dependent, it will apply to each end- use product which is to be labeled for that use pattern (except where such end- use product is formulated from a registered manufacturing-use product permitting such formulations) and to each manufacturing-use product with labeling that allows it to be used to make end-use products with that use pattern. Thus, for example, a subchronic oral dosing study is needed to evaluate the safety of any manufacturing-use product that legally could be used to make an end-use, food-crop pesticide. But if an end-use product's label specified it was for use only in ways that involved no food/feed exposure and no repeated human exposure, the subchronic oral dosing study would not be required to evaluate the product's safety; and if a manufacturing-use product's label states that the product is for use only in making end-use products not involving food/feed use or repeated human exposure, that subchronic oral study would not be relevant to the evaluation of the manufacturing-use product either. If a registrant of a currently registered manufacturing-use or end-use product wishes to avoid the costs of data compensation [under FIFRA Section 3(c)(l)(D)] or data generation [under Section 3(cj(2)(B)] for "generic" data that is required only with respect to some use patterns, he may elect to delete those use patterns from his labeling at the time he reregisters his product. An applicant for registration of a new product under this Standard may similarly request approval for only certain use patterns. E. Data Compensation Requirements under FIFRA 3(c)(l)(D) Under FIFRA Section 3(c)(l)(D), an applicant for registration, reregistration, or amended registration must offer to pay compensation for certain existing data the Agency has used in developing the Registration Standard. The data for which compensation must be offered are all data which are described by all of the following criteria: 1. The data were first submitted to EPA (or to its predecessor agencies, USDA or FDA), on or after January 1, 1970; 2. The data were submitted to EPA (or USDA or FDA) by some other applicant or registrant in support of an application for an experimental use permit, an amendment adding a new use to a registration, or for registration, or to support or maintain an existing registration; ------- 3. They are the kind of data which are relevant to the Agency's decision to register or reregister the applicant's product under the Registration Standard, taking into account the applicant's product's compositioa and intended use pattern(s); 4. The Agency has found the data to be valid and usable in reaching regulatory conclusions; and 5. They are not data for which the applicant has been exempted by FIFRA Section 3(c)(2)(D) from the duty to offer to pay compensation. (This exemption applies to the "generic" data concerning the safety of an active ingredient of the applicant's product, not to "product specific" data. The exemption is available only to applicants whose product is labeled for end- uses for which the active ingredient in question is present in the applicant's product because of his use of another registered product containing that active ingredient which he purchases from another producer. An applicant for reregistration of an already registered product under this Standard, or for registration of a new product under this Standard, accordingly must determine which of the data used by EPA in developing the Standard must be the subject of an offer to pay compensation, and must submit with his application the appropriate statements evidencing his compliance with FIFRA Section 3(c)(l)(D). An applicant would never be required to offer to pay for "product specific" data submitted by another firm. In many, if not in most cases, data which are specific to another firm's product will not suffice to allow EPA to evaluate the applicant's product, that is, will not be useful to the Agency in determining whether the applicant's product is registrable. There may be cases, however, where because of close similarities between the composition of two or more products, another firm's data may suffice to allow EPA to evaluate some or all of the "product specific" aspects of the applicant's product. In such a case, the applicant may choose to cite that data instead of submitting data from tests on his own product, and if he chooses that option, he would have to comply with the offer-to-pay requirements of Section 3(C)(1)(D) for that data. Each applicant for registration or reregistration of a manufacturing-use product, and each applicant for registration or reregistration of an end-use product, who is not exempted by FIFRA Section 3(c)(2)(D), must comply with the Section 3(c)(l)(D) requirements with respect to each item of "generic" data that relates to his product's intended uses. ------- A detailed description of the procedures an applicant must follow in applying for reregistration (or new registration) under this Standard is found in the Guidance Package for this Standard. F. Obtaining Data to Fill "Data Gaps"; FIFRA 3(c)(2)(B) Some of the kinds of data EPA needs for its evaluation of the properties and effects of products to which this Standard applies have never been submitted to the Agency (or, if submitted, have been found to have deficiencies rendering them inadequate for making registrability decisions) and have not been located in the published literature search that EPA conducted as part of preparing this Standard. Such instances of missing but required data are referred to in the Standard as "data gaps". FIFRA Section 3(c)(2)(B), added to FIFRA by the Congress in 1978, authorizes EPA to require registrants to whom a data requirement applies to generate (or otherwise produce) data to fill such "gaps" and submit those data to EPA. EPA must allow a reasonably sufficient period for this to be accomplished. If a registrant fails to take appropriate and timely steps to fill the data gaps identified by a section 3(c)(2)(B) order, his product's registration may be suspended until the data are submitted. A mechanism is provided whereby two or more registrants may agree to share in the costs of producing data for which they are both responsible. The Standard lists, in the third chapter, the "generic" data gaps and notes the classes of products to which these data gaps pertain. The Standard also points out that to be registrable under the Standard, a product must be supported by certain required "product specific" data. In some cases, the Agency may possess sufficient "product specific" data on one currently registered product, but may lack such data on another. Only those Standards which apply to a very small number of currently registered products will attempt to state definitively the "product specific" data gaps on a "product by product" basis. (Although the Standard will in some cases note which data that EPA does possess would suffice to satisfy certain "product specific" data requirements for a category of products with closely similar composition characteristics.) As part of the process of reregistering currently registered products, EPA will issue Section 3(c)(2)(B) directives requiring the registrants to take appropriate steps to fill all identified data gaps — whether the data in question are "product specific" or "generic" — in accordance with a schedule. Persons who wish to obtain registrations for new products under this Standard will be required to submit (or cite) sufficient "product specific" data before their applications are approved. Upon registration, they will be required under Section 3(c)(2)(B) to take appropriate steps to submit data needed to ------- fill "generic" data gaps. (We expect they will respond to this requirement by entering into cost-sharing agreements with other registrants who previously have been told they must furnish the data.) The'Guidance Package for this Standard details the steps that must be taken by registrants to comply with Section 3(c)(2)(B). G. Amendments to the Standard Applications for registration which propose uses or formulations that are not presently covered by the Standard, or which present product compositions, product chemistry data, hazard data, toxicity levels, or labeling that do not meet the requirements of the Standard, will automatically be considered by the Agency to be requests for amendments to the Standard. In response to such applications, the Agency may request additional data to support the proposed amendment to the Standard, or may deny the application for registration on the grounds that the proposed product would cause unreasonable adverse effects to the environment. In the former case, when additional data have been satisfactorily supplied, and providing that the data do not indicate the potential for unreasonable adverse effects, the Agency will then amend the Standard to cover the new registration. Each Registration Standard is based upon all data and information available to the Agency's reviewers on a particular date prior to the publication date. This "cut-off" date is stated at the beginning of the second chapter. Any subsequent data submissions and any approved amendments will be incorporated into the Registration Standard by means of addenda, which are available for inspection at EPA in Washington, D.C., or copies of which may be requested from the Agency. When all the present "data gaps" have been filled and the submitted data have been reviewed, the Agency will revise the Registration Standard. Thereafter, when the Agency determines that the internally maintained addenda have significantly altered the conditions for registration under the Standard, the document will be updated and re-issued. While the Registration Standard discusses only the uses and hazards of products containing the designated active ingredient(s), the Agency is also concerned with the potential hazards of some inert ingredients and impurities. Independent of the development of any one Standard, the Agency has initiated the evaluation of some inert pesticide ingredients. Where the Agency has identified inert ingredients of concern in a specific product to which the Standard applies, these ingredients will be pointed out in the Guidance Package. ------- CHAPTER II: REGULATORY POSITION AND RATIONALE A. Introduction B. Description of Chemical C. Regulatory Position D. Regulatory Rationale E. Criteria for Registration under the Standard F. Required Labeling G. Tolerance Reassessment A. Introduction This chapter presents the Agency's regulatory position and rationale based on an evaluation of all registered products containing phosalone as the sole active ingredient. After briefly describing the chemical, this chapter presents the regulatory position and rationale, the criteria by which applicants for registration of phosalone products will be approved, labeling considerations, and tolerance reassessment. A summary of data requirements is contained in Chapter III. A discussion of the data upon which this regulatory position is based is presented within the disciplinary chapters, IV through VIII. Also considered in this standard are Special Local Need (SLN) registrations, which are issued by a State in accordance with FIFRA section 24 (c). Valid State registrations will be subject to rereg istration under the EPA Registration Standard System, in the same manner as a registration issued under section 3 of FIFRA. Currently such a registration has been granted to California for the application by aircraft to almonds, grapes, stone fruits and walnuts. B. Description of Chemical Phosalone (0,0-diethyl S-[(6-chloro-2-oxobenzoxazolin-3-yl-)methyl] phosphorodithioate) is registered as an insecticide and miticide for use on a variety of fruit, nut, vegetable and ornamental crops. The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry number is 2310-17-10. The OPP Internal Control Number (EPA Shaughnessy number) is 097701. The structural formula is: P-S-CH -N — C C-Hr-0 I II ------- C. Regulatory Position Phosalone as described in this Standard may be registered for sale, distribution, reformulation and use in the United States and its territories. The Agency has considered the scientific data obtained from the open literature as of July I, 1981, and those data submitted by the registrants up through the time of publication of this Standard. Based upon the review of these data, the Agency finds that none of the risk criteria found in section 162.11 (a) of Title 40 of the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations were met or exceeded for phosalone. The Agency has determined that phosalone has not been demonstrated to cause unreasonable adverse effects, to either man or the environment, when used in accordance with prescribed label directions and precautions. Phosalone products currently registered may be reregistered subject to the conditions imposed by this chapter, and to the data requirements identified in Chapter III. New products may be registered under this Standard and are subject to the same requirements. D. Regulatory Rationale The Agency has reviewed data on phosalone concerning toxicology, ecological effects, residue and product chemistry, and environmental fate. The toxicological effects data base is reasonably complete, except for acute inhalation toxicity, primary dermal irritation, primary eye irritation, dermal sensitization, subchronic 21-day dermal, and acute delayed neurotoxicity data for the manufacturing-use product. Primary dermal irritation and dermal sensitization data are still needed for the end-use products. Data are also still needed for primary eye irritation for the wettable powder formulation. The residue chemistry data base is complete. There are some gaps in the data base for product chemistry, and environmental fate. Much of the data base is missing for ecological effects. Because there are no registered public health related uses, the Agency has waived the need for efficacy data to support the uses of phosalone. Despite the existing data gaps, the Agency has concluded that the registration for this chemical should continue for the following reasons: 1. No valid, adverse effects data of regulatory concern have been revealed in the review of the studies made available to the Agency. The Agency* therefore, has concluded that the known risks, as mitigated by product labeling, do not warrant any immediate adverse regulatory action. 2. Although phosalone has been implicated in a few poisoning incidents, the data do not conclusively indicate any hazards associated with the normal use of phosalone. a. The Pesticide Incidence Monitoring System (PIMS report) lists 12 incidents involving phosalone. However, eleven of these incidents could not conclusively implicate phosalone, because of excessive alcohol consumption, improper use of safety equipment, failure to 10 ------- follow recommended safety regulations, and other reasons. The one valid incident was isolated and did not indicate a consistent pattern of hazard associated with the recommended use of phosalone. b. In 1973 there was a significant illness episode in Fowler, California involving 32 pickers, who harvested grapes more than one month after the application of phosalone, ethion, Imidan and dialifor. Although phosalone might have caused the cholinesterase inhibition symptoms, it is also important to consider the possibility of interactive potentiation, since these workers were exposed to more than one pesticide. Therefore, phosalone per se cannot be implicated as the sole cause of the symptoms (Maddy, K.T., 1976, MRID 005001833). c. Another illness episode occurred in a vineyard near Madera, California. Cholinesterase depression and cholinergic symptoms were reported among 118 field workers harvesting grapes, which had been treated with dialifor and phosalone between 15 and 40 days earlier. The conclusion of this study indicates that the 21-fold difference in the toxicity of the two chemicals indicates that the effects were probably produced by dialifor and not by phosalone (Knaak et al., 1978, MRID 005003635). 3. In accordance with FIFRA, the Agency's policy is not to cancel or to withhold registration merely for the lack of data. (See Sections 3(c)(2)(B) and 3(c)(7) of FIFRA.) Rather, publication of the Standard provides a mechanism for identifying data needs, and registration under the Standard allows for upgrading of labels during the period in which the required data are being generated. When these data are received, they will be reviewed by the Agency. The Agency will then determine whether these data will affect the registration of this chemical. E. Criteria for Registration Under The Standard To be subject to this Standard, products must meet the following conditions: - contain phosalone as the sole active ingredient, - bear required labeling, and - conform to the product composition standard, acute toxicity limits, and use pattern requirements as discussed in the Manufacturing-Use and End-Use Product sections, which follow. The applicant for registration or reregistration of products subject to this Standard must comply with all terms and conditions described in this Standard, including a commitment to fill data gaps on a time schedule specified by the Agency and, when applicable, offering to pay compensation to the extent required by 3(c)(l)(D) of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide 11 ------- Act (FIFRA), as amended, 7 U.S.C. 136a(c)(1)(D). As discussed in Chapter I, applicants for registration under this Standard should contact the Agency for specific instructions, including updated information on data requirements and companies whose data must be cited and to whom compensation must be offered. 1. Manufacturing-Use Products a. Product Composition Standard To be covered under this Standard, manufacturing-use products must contain phosalone as their sole active ingredient., Such formulations must contain contain 94 percent active ingredient. Each formulation proposed for registration must be fully described within an appropriate certification of limits. b. Acute Toxicity Limits The Agency will consider registration of manufacturing-use products containing phosalone regardless of the toxicity category, provided that the labeling of such products bears appropriate precautionary statements. c. Use Patterns To be covered under this Standard, manufacturing-use only products of phosalone must be labeled to allow for formulation only into end-use insecticides/ miticides, which are intended for uses accepted by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. 2. End-Use Products a. Product Composition Standard Emulsifiable concentrate (EC) phosalone products containing 34.4 percent (3 pounds per gallon) active ingredient or less and wettable powder (WP) formulations of 25 percent active ingredient or less will be considered under this standard.The appropriate certification of limits must be provided and the application rates on a per acre basis must remain the same or be less. b. Acute Toxicity Limit The Agency will consider for registration end-use products of any toxicity category. This acceptance, however, is predicated upon label incorporations of appropriate hazard warnings, as well as precautionary and use restrictions as required. ------- c. Use Pattern To be considered under this standard, end-use products must bear directions for use as an insecticide/miticide, which are intended for outdoor commercial, ground and aerial applications (food or nonfood uses). The use pattern of this insecticide/miticide may be expanded to include outdoor domestic, ground application (food or nonfood uses), if the product is in child-resistant packaging as described in 40 CFR 162.16. Sites of application include apples, apricots, artichokes, cherries, grapefruit, grapes, lemons, nectarines, nuts, oranges, peaches, pears, potatoes, prunes, arborvitae, and roses. F. Required Labeling All manufacturing-use and end-use phosalone products must bear appropriate labeling as specified in 40 CFR 162.10. The guidance package which accompanies this standard contains specific information regarding label requirements. The following antidote information should also appear on all labels: "Causes cholinesterase inhibition. Atropine is antidotal. 2-PAM is also antidotal and may be administered in conjunction with atropine. Warning symptoms include weakness, headache, tightness in the chest, blurred vision, nonreactive pinpoint pupils, salivation, sweating, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps." The registrant may submit an alternative antidote statement for Agency consideration. Additional label restriction statements, grouped by manufacturing-use and end- use products, are as follows: 1. Manufacturing-Use Products All manufacturing-use product labels must bear the following statement: "For Formulation into End-Use Insecticide/Miticide Products Intended Only for Uses Accepted by the United States Environmental Protection Agency." 13 ------- 2. End-use Products a. Human Hazard Precautionary Statements 1). All EC products must require the use of goggles in their warning statements, because of the high acute eye irritation hazard. (Please refer to Chapter VI on toxicology for a discussion.) 2). The Agency is currently developing Guidelines for reentry intervals. In addition the Agency is currently reviewing the 24 hour reentry interval, which was established in 40 CFR 170. (Please refer to Chapter V for a detailed discussion.) Until the Guidelines and reentry interval review are complete, the Agency will require a 24 hour reentry interval. Therefore, the following statement must appear on the label: "Reentry into treated fields is prohibited within 24 hours of application." b. Environmental Hazard Statements Sufficient information is available to consider phosalone as being of low to moderate toxicity to pollinators. This toxicity may be mitigated, if phosalone is applied when the pollinators are not foraging. Therefore, the following statement must appear on all labels: "This product is toxic to bees exposed to direct treatment or residues on blooming crops or weeds. Do not apply this product if bees are visiting the treatment area." c. Additional Labeling These statements are required in addition to those standard precautionary statements outlined by the guidance package. 1). Because the Agency lacks supporting acute human health effects and environmental fate data, the following statement must appear on the label. "This product is not for use in greenhouses." 2). Because phosalone meets the criteria established in the child- resistant packing regulations (40 CFR 162.16), all products must be packaged in such containers, unless the following restriction appears on the label: "For agricultural or commercial use only." H ------- 3). There are data concerning the accumulation of phosalone in rotational crops, which indicate that phosalone and/or its metabolites are taken up by radishes, beans, potatoes, and wheat under greenhouse conditions (Ambrosi et al., 1977, MRID 000006664). Therefore, the Agency has determined that a crop rotation restriction must appear on the label as follows: "Do not use in crop rotation programs." As an alternative to this label restriction, the registrant may choose to pursue any one of the following three options: a). Supply environmental fate data supporting a rotation interval which does not result in a pesticide residue in the rotated crops; or b). Obtain a tolerance for the nontarget crop (46 FR 3018); or c). Obtain an exemption from a tolerance for the nontarget crop. In the interim, however, the label amendment described previously will be required. 4). Because of the potential toxicity to animals shown by the animal metabolism data and residue information in Chapter VII, the following must appear on the label: "Do not allow livestock to graze cover crops in orchards or nut groves treated with phosalone. Do not feed cover crops treated with phosalone to livestock." G. Tolerance Reassessment A listing of the tolerances for residues of phosalone in or on raw agricultural commodities as stated in 40 CFR 180.263 and 21 CFR 193.340 is found in Chapter VII.Data summarized in this standard support these tolerances. A report by the Food and Drug Administration shows that under the FDA Regulatory Enforcement Program during the Fiscal Years 1977 thru 1980 approximately 1,480 agricultural crops were sampled and analyzed. About 86 of these samples showed the presence of small amounts of phosalone. None of the reported residues exceeded the residue tolerance levels established for 15 ------- phosalone for these crops. A summary of EPA estimated daily intakes of phosalone based on these data in terms of mgAg of body weight/day is reported as follows: FY 1973 FY 1974 FY 1975 FY 1976 phosalone 0.000002 0.00002 0.00004 0.000001 A list of the CODEX Tolerances is also found in Chapter VII. The CODEX tolerance for pecans and chestnuts (nuts) is 0.1 ppm, while the U.S. tolerance for all nuts (including pecans and chestnuts) is 0.05 ppm. Both tolerances are based on the sensitivity of the method used. In accordance with Agency policy of cooperation with FAO/WHO and the Codex Alimentarius Commission, and to eliminate possible barriers to international trade, the Administrator will initiate the change of 0.05 ppm to 0.1 ppm for pecans and chestnuts (nuts) under the authority of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, Section 408 (e) and 40 CFR 180.32. Since there would be an insignificant change in the present Theoretical Maximum Residue Concentration (TMRC), this would make the U.S. tolerance consistent with the CODEX tolerance. The TMRC is based on established tolerances for phosalone residues in or on raw agricultural crops. The U.S. registered uses for all other crops indicate it would not be advisable to change their tolerances. In calculating the TMRC the Agency assumes that the chemical is applied to all commodities on which its use is authorized, that each commodity contains the maximum level allowed in the tolerance, and that average 60 kilogram adult eating patterns result in 100 percent of the phosalone-treated food in the adult diet of 1.5 kilogram per day. Based on the published tolerances for phosalone in all crops for which it is registered, the theoretical maximum residue concentration (TKRC) is 1.0107 milligram per day for a 1.5 kilogram diet for 13.5 percent of the maximum permissible intake (MPI). The TMPC for all eleven registered nut crops is 0.00022 milligram per day. If the tolerance is increased from 0.05 to 0.10 ppm, the nut 1MRC will be doubled to 0.00044 milligram per day, and the new total 1MRC will be 1.0109 milligram per day. Increasing the 1MRC from 1.0107 to 1.0109 will result in virtually no change in the percentage ADI. The increase is approximately 0.02 percent of the ADI. The revised TMRC (1.0109 milligram per day) is 0.0168 milligram of phosalone per kilogram body weight per day for a 60 kilogram person. Therefore, there are no toxicological reasons for objecting to the revision of 0.05 ppm tolerance in nuts to 0.1 ppm. To calculate the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) for the purpose of assessing the toxicological significance of revising tolerances, a no-observed-effect-level (NOEL) of 25 ppn is taken from the two-year rat feeding study (Woodard et al., 1967, MRID 000006202). This is equivalent to a 1.25 milligram per kilogram per day NOEL. Using a safety factor of ten (for extrapolation from a chronic study in rats to man with respect to cholinesterase inhibition), the acceptable 16 ------- daily intake (ADI) is 0.125 milligram per kilogram per day (determined by dividing the NOEL in milligram per kilogram by ten). The MPI is determined by multiplying the ADI by 60 kilogram (assumed average body weight for humans), and is 7.5 milligram per person per day. The tolerance for nuts was the only one for which a change was accepted. All established tolerances are considered adequate to protect public health. 17 ------- TABLE 1 Summary of acute oral LDrn values (ing/kg body weight) for manufacturing-use phosalbne Animal Rats Sex Males Females Male and Female ^50 90 (68-119)- 120 (105-135) Reference Fournel et al . , 1968, MRID 000006716 Pasquet et al . 1976, MRID 005007746 Females 135 Dubost et al . , 1963 , MRID 000006643 Mice Unspecified 130 190 Rivett and Davies, 1966, MRID 000006697 Unspecified 180 435-7 Dubost et al . , 1963 , MRID OOOOOC643 Guinea Pig Unspecified 150 Dubost ct al . , 1963 , MRID 000006643 I/ 95% confidence intervals are given in parentheses. _2/ Phosalono was adninistered in an oil solution. All other LDc- 's were determined with phosalone in aqueous suspens ion. -55a- ------- TABLE 2 Summary of acute oral L of Phosalone values (mg/kg) for formulations O 0) I Animal Rats Mice Sex Male and Female Males Halves Females Male Females Unspecified Formulation WP WP EC EC EC EC EC ^50 480 600 274 (195-385)-7 261 (169-403)-7 488 >480 Reference US EPA, 1973, MRID GS0027005 US EPA, 1976, MRID GS0027003 Scott and Deliles, 1965, MRID 00006688 190-' US EPA, 1973, MIUD GS0027006 US CPA, 1972, MRID GS0027004 Rivett and Duvies 1966, KRID 00006697 I/ 95% confidence limits 2:/ Test material was 13 and 14 months old. 3/ Test material was relatively fresh. ------- CHAPTER III: SUMMARY OF DATA REQUIREMENTS AND DATA GAPS A. Introduction B. Table A - Generic Data Requirements C. Table B - Product Specific Manufacturing-Use Products Data Requirements D. Table C - Product Specific End-Use Product Data Requirements A. Introduction Applicants for registration of manufacturing-use and end-use phosalone products must cite or submit the information identified as required in the tables in this chapter. The tables applicable to end-use products indicate whether the product to be tested is the technical grade or formulation. Data generated on one formulation may be used to satisfy the data requirement for a substantially similar formulation. Information on which product specific data requirements are already met is available in the guidance package. Before each requirement is listed the section of the Proposed Guidelines which describes the type of data and when the data are required to be submitted [43 FR, 29696 of July 10, 1978; and 43 FR, 37336 of August 22, 1978; 45 FR, 72948 of November 3, 1980]. Justification for the test requirement is provided in the Guidelines. A discussion of why data additional to those already submitted are necessary, or why data normally required are not necessary for this chemical, is explained in footnotes to the tables. The data requirements specified are the minimum that will be required. Areas where additional data may be required as the result of tiered testing are indicated. 19 ------- Table A: Phosalone Generic Data Requirements: Environmental Fate (See Chapter V) Guidelines Citation 163.62-7(b) 163.62-7(c) 163.62-8(b) 163.62-8(c) 163.62-8(f ) 163.62-8(g) Name of Test Hydrolysis Photodegradation Aerobic Soil Metabolism Anaerobic Soil Metabolism Microbial Metabolism: (2) Effects of Microbes on Pesticides (3) Effects of Pesticides on Microbes Activated Sludge Composition Tech. or Radiolabeled Analytical Gr. Tech. or Radiolabeled Analytical Gr. Tech. or Radiolabeled Analytical Gr. Tech. or Radiolabeled Analytical Gr. Tech. Tech. Tech. Does EPA Have Data Bibliographic Must Additional Data to Partially or Citation be Submitted Under Totally Satisfy FIFRA 3(c) (2) (B)? this Requirement? If so, due when? partially-/ Laurent et al., 000006067 yes/12 mo. yes Ambrosi et al., 000006409 no Ambrosi et al., 000006666 Laurent et al., 000006665 yes -/ no no - yes/14 mo. reserved-/ Ambrosi et al., 000006666 Dasmoras et al., 000006770 reserved-/ Ambrosi et al.r 00006667 reserved— Metabolism All data requirements are current as of August, 1981. Refer to the guidance package for updated requirements. ------- I/ This data requirement has only partially been fulfilled. The guidelines require that studies be conducted using two temperatures and two concentrations. Therefore, an additional hydrolysis study using a concentration lower than 1.5 ppm and at a temperature other than 20 is needed to assess the fate of phosalone in the water. 2/ ftmbrosi et al., 000006409 Ambrosi et al., 000006664 Ambrosi et al., 000006666 ftmbrosi et al., 005008305 Ambrosi et al., 005009356 Desmoras et al., 000006770 _3_/ The requirement for the submission of these data is currently being reserved, pending the review and modification of the testing protocols. ------- Table A: Phosalone Generic Data Requirements: Environmental Fate (See Chapter V) Guidelines Citation 163.62-9 163.62-9(0) Name of Test Leaching Volatility Composition Tech. or Radiolabeled Analytical Gr. Tech. Grade Does EPA Have Data to Partially or Totally Satisfy this Requirement? partially-/ -/ reserved—' Bibliographic Citation Ambrosi et al., 000006663 Must Additional Data be Submitted Under FIFRA 3(c)(2)(B)? If so, due when?* yes/12 mo. 163. 62-9 (d) 163.62-10(b) 163.62-10(f) Adsorpt ion/Desorption Terrestrial Field Dissipation: (1) Field & Vegetable Crops (2) Tree Fruit & Nut Crop Uses Combination and Tank Mix Field Dissipation Tech. or Radiolabeled Analytical Gr. A representive formulated product A representive formulated product no no yes/12 mo. yes/26 mo. yes/26 mo. All data requirements are current as of August, 1981. Refer to the guidance package for updated requirements. I/ For terrestial noncrop users, orchard crop uses, the mobility of the test substance and its degradates in soil shall be assessed either by soil thin-layer chroma tography , soil column, or batch equilibrium (absorption/desorption) procedures. 2/ The rapid leaching study of parent material (phosalone) is valid, but the aged portion of the study is incomplete. (Please refer to Chapter V for a detailed discussion). Therefore, data are still required. _3_/ The vapor pressure is not known. When this data gap has been filled, an assessment can be made concerning the need for a volitilization study. 4/ Not applicable in single active ingredient standards. ------- Table A: Phosalone Generic Data Requirements: Environmental Fate (See Chapter V) Guidelines Citation 163.62-10(g) 163.62-ll(b) 163.62-ll(d) Name of Test Long Term Field Dissipation Study Accumulation in Rotational Crops Fish Accumulation Composition - Radiolabeled Analytical Gr. Followed by Formulation Tech. or Radiolabeled Analytical Gr. Does EPA Have Data to Partially or Totally Satisfy this Requirement? reserved— partially-/ partially-/ Bibliographic Citation - Ambrosi et al., 000006664 Barrows, M.E., 000006109 Must Additional Data be Submitted Under FIFRA 3(c)(2)(B)? If so, due when? yes/26 mo. yes/26 mo. 163.62-12 Reentry 163.62-13 Disposal & Storage A Representative Formulated Product Tech. and All Formulated Products partially-/ reserved— Khaak et al., 005003635 Leffingwell et al., 005007744 Leffingwell et al., 005007745 Popendorf et al., 005005243 Winterlin et al., 005001343 All data requirements are current as of August, 1981. Refer to the guidance package for updated requirements. I/ The requirement for the submission of these data is currently being reserved pending the receipt and evaluation of data on terrestial field dissipation. Consequently the absence of acceptable data does not constitute a data gap. _2/ Additional data from field studies are needed to identify residues accumulated by radishes, beans, potatoes, and ~ wheat planted as rotational crops in phosalone-treated fields. In addition, all studies specified in Section 163.62-ll(b) are needed for all other crops that may be planted in rotation with phosalone-treated crops. However, this crop rotation restriction may be removed as discussed in Chapter V. 3/ An additional study, using a flow-through system and identifying radio-labeled residues, is needed to satisfy data ~ requirements in Section 163.62-11(d). 4/ Until the Guidelines and the reentry interval review is complete, the Agency intends to maintain the 24 hour ~ reentry interval as an interim measure. If the registrant wishes to appeal, interval data may be submitted to the Agency to support a change. Please see Chapter V for a discussion. 5/ Guidelines for this Section have not been completed, consequently the absence of acceptable data does not constitute a data gap. ------- Table A: Phosalone Generic Data Requirements: Toxicology (See Chapter VI) Guidelines Citation 163.81-1 163.81-2 163.81-3 163.81-4 163.81-5 163.81-6 163.81-7 163.82-1 163.82-2 Name of Test Acute Oral Toxicity Acute Dermal Toxicity Acute Inhalation Toxicity Primary Eye Irritation Primary Dermal Irritation Dermal Sensitization Acute Delayed Neurotoxicity Subchronic Oral Toxicity Subchronic 21-Day Dermal Composition Does EPA Have Data to Partially or Totally Satisfy this Requirement? Each Product yes or Substantially Similar Product Ea. Prod, or yes Substan. Sim. Prod. Ea. Prod, or no Substan. Sim. Prod. Ea. Prod, or no—' Substan. Sim. Prod. Ea. Prod, or no Substan. Sim. Prod. Ea. Prod, or no Substan. Sim. Prod. Tech. Grade of A.I. no-/ Tech. Grade of A.I. yes Tech. Grade of A.I. no Bibliographic Must Additional Data Citation be Dubost et al., 000006643 Fournel et al., 000006716 Pasquet et al . , 005007746 Rivett and Davies, 000006697 Dubost et al., 000006643 Pasquet, 005007746 _ - _ - - Donoso et al., 000006203 Fournel et al., 000006684 Jones et al., 000006205 Noel et al., 000006111 Woodward et al. 000006202 - Submitted Under FIFRA 3(c)(2)(B)? If so, due when? no no yes/6 mo. yes/6 mo. yes/6 mo. yes/6 mo. yes/12 mo. no yes/12 mo. All data requirements are current as of August, 1981. Refer to the guidance package for updated requirements. V There are data available for the EC formulation. The registrant may use this study (Horn et al., 1965, MRID 000006690) to fulfill this requirement. However, this places the manufacturing-use product in Toxicity Category I. In this event the Agency would require changes in the label, including a statement specifying the use of protective clothing. 2/ Data are required, because phosalone caused cholinesterase depression. ------- Table A: Phosalone Generic Data Requirements: Toxicology (See Chapter VI) Guidelines Name of Test Citation 163.84-2 through—4 163.85-1 Mutagenicity Metabolism and Pharmacodynamics Composition Does EPA Have Data to Partially or Totally Satisfy this Requirement? Bibliographic Citation Must Additional Data be Submitted Under FIFRA 3(c)(2)(B)? If so, due when? 163.82-5 163.83-1 163.83-2 163.83-3 163.83-4 Subchronic Neurotoxicity Chronic Feeding Tbxicity Oncogenicity Teratogenicity Reproduction Tech. Grade of A.I. yes lech. Grade of A.I. yes Tech. Grade of A.I. yes Tech. Grade of A.I. yes Tech. Grade of A.I. yes / Woodward et al., 000006695 Vfoodward et al. 000006202 Rhone-Poulenc, Inc. GS0027021 Woodard et al. , 000006202 Khera et al., 005008254 Pasquet and Buisson, 000006110 Benazet and Cartier, GS0027020 Collins and Ings, 00006977 Desmoras et al., 000006715 Jones et al., 00006204 Khera et al., 05008254 no no no no no Tech. Grade of A.I. yes Analytically Pure Radioactive Grade yes Pasquet and Buisson, 00006110 Benazet and Cartier GS0027020 no Collins & Ings, 000006977 Desmoras et al., 000006715 Goldenthal et al., GS0027019 Jones et al., 000006204 Khera et al., 005008254 Pasquet and Buisson, 000006110 Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., GS0027021 Wbodard et al. 000006202 Collins and Ings, 000006977 no Craine, 000006972, 000006973, and 000006975 Desmoras et al. 000006715 Fournel et al., 000006716 Pasquet et al., 005007746 All data requirements are current as of August, 1981. Refer to the guidance package for updated requirement ------- Guidelines Citation Table A: Phosalone Generic Data Requirements: Residue Chemistry (See Chapter VII) Name of Test Composition Does EPA Have Data to Partially or Totally Satisfy this Requirement? Bibliographic Citation Must Additional Data be Submitted Under FIFRA 3(c)(2)(B)? If So, due when? Metabolism in Plants Metabolism in Animals Analytical Methods Residue Data: Crops Residue Data: Processed Crops Residue Data: Milk & Meat Storage Stability V !/ V V V V I/ yes yes yes yes yes yes yes 2/ no Desnoras et al., 000006715 no Craine, E.M., 000006974 3/ no 4/ no 5/ no 6/ Desmoras et al., 000006968 no Klisenko and Pis'mennaya, 005014548 Laurent et al., 000006698 Rhodia, Inc., 000006113 All data requirements are current as of August, 1981. Refer to the guidance package for updated requirements. I/ Residue of Active Ingredient and its Metabolites Which may be of Toxicological Concern. y Ainbrosi et al. 000006125 Desnoras et al. 000006791 Desnoras et al. 000006386 FAO Working Party 005013895 Kbvaleva, E.S. 005014688 Nalbanyan, R.A. 005016356 Societe des Usines 000006675 Chimiques Rhone - Poulenc Winterlin et al. 005009309 ------- 3_/ Desmoras, J. 005016979 Guardigli, A. 000006383 Guardigli, A. 000006703 Guardigli, A. 000006129 Guardigli, A. 000006762 Guardigli, A. 000006105 Guardigli, A. GS0027010 Guardigli and Melkesian 000006083 Guardigli et al. 005008180 Guardigli et al. 000006678 Laurent et al. 000006700 Societe des Usines 000006701 Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc 4/ Almond nutmeats and almond hulls Guardigli, A. 000006358 Brazil nuts, bush nuts, butternuts, cashews, chestnuts, filberts, hazelnuts, hickery nuts, macadamia nuts, pecans and walnuts (except almonds) Residue data were submitted for pecans and walnuts under the provision in CFR 40, 180.34 f. i.e. "It may be possible to make a reliable estimate of negligible residues of pesticide chemicals to be expected on each commodity in a designated grouping on the basis of data on a representative number of commodities listed in the following designated groups." Accordingly the submitted data for pecans and walnuts are to be extended to the other nutcrops mentioned above. Pecans Guardigli, et al. 000006511 Walnuts Guardigli, et al. 000006511 Apples Desmoras et al. 000006707 Guardigli, A. 000006388 Guardigli, A. 000006783 Guardigli, A. 000006711 Guardigli, A. 000006084 Rhodia, Inc. 000006712 ------- Pears ro CO Guardigli, A., 000006714 Guardigli, A. 000006392 Grapes Desiroras et al. 000006707 Guardigli, A. 000006390 Guardigli, A. 000006713 Guardigli, et al. 000006480 Laurent et al. 000006708 Citrus Fruit Guardigli, A. GS0027014 Guardigli, A. GS0027015 Guardigli, A. GS0027016 Artichokes Henckler, P. 000006964 Societe des Usines Chiniques GS0027009 Khone-Poulenc Potatoes Guardigli, A. 000006395 Guardigli, et al. 000006576 Apricots Henckler et al. 000006483 US EPA GS0027006 Cherries Guardigli, A. 000006389 Henckler et al. 000006484 US EPA GS0027006 ------- Nectarines ro to Henckler et al. IB EPA Peaches Guardigli, A. Henckler et al. Rhodia, Inc., Chipinan Division Plums_( fresh prunes) Rhodia, Inc., Chipman Division Henckler et al. Guardigli, A. V Dried. Raisins Guardigli, et al. Dried^jSrape Pomace Dennis, S. Dried _Apple Pomace Guardigli, A. Rhodia, Inc. Dried Citeu£[_Pulp Guardiglia, A. Prunes Guardigli, A. Henckler, et al. 000006485 GS0027006 000006391 000006486 GS0027025 GS0027025 000006487 000006769 000006480 000006069 000006068 000006357 GS0027016 000006769 000006487 ------- Dried tea Desmoras, et al. 000006209 Rhodia, Inc. 000006210 Crouch, R.V. 000006735 6/ Meat, milk, poultry and eggs. Collins et al. 000006978 Craine, E.M. 000006972 Craine, E.M. 000006973 Craine, E.M. 000006974 Craine, E.M. 000006975 Guardigli, A. 000006971 Posner, S. 000006761 Posner, S. 000006792 Rhodia, Inc. 000006120 Rhodia, Inc. 000006123 Rhodia, Inc. 000006717 Tbtman et al. 000006073 Tbtman et al. 000006071 ------- Guidelines Citation Table A: Phosalone Generic Data Requirements: Ecological Effects (See Chapter VIII) Name of Test Composition Does EPA Have Data to Partially or Totally Satisfy this Requirement? Bibliographic Citation Must Additional Data be Submitted Under FIFRA 3(c)(2)(B)? If so, due when? 163.71-1 163.71-2 163.71-3 163.71-4 163.71-5 163.72-1 163.72-2 163.72-3 163.72-4 163.72-5 163.72-6 Avian Single-Dose Oral ^50 Avian Dietary !£,-„ Mammalian Acute Toxicity Avian Reproduction Simulated and Actual Field Testing for Mammals & Birds Fish Acute LC5Q Acute Toxicity to Aquatic Invertebrates Acute Toxicity to Estuarine & Marine Organisms Embryolarvae & Life- cycle Studies of Fish & Aquatic Invertebrates Aquatic Organism Toxicity & Residue Studies Simulated or Actual Field Testing for Aquatic Organisms Tech. Tech. Tech. Tech. no no reserved—' reserved—' reserved—' no no reserved—' reserved- reserved—' reserved— yes/11 mo. yes/11 mo. I/ I/ V yes/11 mo. yes/11 mo. V V V V These data requirements are current as of August, 1981. Refer to the guidance package for updated requirements. I/ The requirement for the submission of the data is currently reserved, pending the results of the outstanding ~ data. ------- Generic Data Requirement!: 'Ecologica?eEffects (See Chapter VIII) Guidelines Citation 163.122-1 163.122-1 163.122-2 163.122-2 Name of Test Seed Germination Vegetative Vigor Aquatic Macrophytes Algae Composition Technical Technical Technical Technical Does EPA Have Data to Partially or Totally Satisfy this Requirement? no partially^ no no Bibliographic Citation . y - - Must Additional Data be Submitted Under FIFRA 3(C)(2)(B)? If so, due when? yes/26 mo. yes/26 mo. yes/26 mo. yes/26 mo. All data requirements are current as of August, 1981. Refer to the guidance package for updated requirements. _!/ The data requirement has been partially filled by the following studies in aggregate: Ciarletta et al. Delay, D.L. Delay, D.L. Delay, D.L. Eckenrode et al. Ishitani et al. Knobel, H. and Rock, G. Knobel, H. and Rock, G. Lillie, D.T. Lillie, D.T. and Carman, Lillie, D.T. and Carman, G. Preiser, F.A. and Taschenberg, E.F. Rhod ia, Incorporated Smyth et al. Smyth, E.P. and Hoyt, S. Smyth, E.P. and Jones, S.C. Spencer, W.T. and Hofmaster, R.N. Szabo, J. and Walls, A. Szabo, J. and Sleesman, J.P. G. Wang, Wang, Wang, Wang, D. Wang, D. D. D. D. 000014256 000006528 000006534 000006569 005015711 005006342 000006938 000006939 000006430 000006747 000006748 000006479 000006733 000006243 000006639 000006283 000006738 000006592 000006593 000006114 000006115 000006289 000006477 000006145 To complete the vegetative vigor data requirement, data are needed on the effects of phosalone on raonocot plants. ------- Guidelines Citation 163.61-3 163.61-4 Table B; Phosalone Product Specific Manufacturing-Use Products Data Requirements: Product Chemistry (See Chapter IV) Name of Test Product Identity & Disclosure of Ingredients Description of Manufacturing Process Composition Each Product Each Product Does EPA Have Data to Partially or Totally Satisfy this Requirement? yes yes Bibliographic Citation Must Additional Data" be Submitted Under FIFRA 3(c)(2)(B)? If so, due when? yes!/ yes—/ 163.61-5 163.61-6 163.61-7 Discussion on Formation of Unintentional Ingredients Declaration & Certification of Ingredients Limits Product Analytical Methods & Data Each Product Each Product Each Product yes yes yes 2/ no These data requirements are current as of August, 1981. Refer to the guidance package for updated requirements. I/ This requirement must be fulfilled by each applicant. Data from other applicants may not be cited. Therefore, ~ even if the requirement has been partially or completely fulfilled for some products, no references are given. This requirement must be filled at the time of registration. However, this requirement has been fulfilled for current registrations. Please refer to Chapter IV for a discussion of the data. 2/ Brun et al., 005005128 Guardigli, A., 000006640 Guardigli, A., 000006170 Henckler, R., 000006107 Laurent, M., 000006645 Maharova et al., 0050011351 Societe des Usines Chemiques Rhone - Societe des Usines Chemiques Rhone - Societe des Usines Chemiques Rhone - Poulenc, GS0027009 Poulenc, 000006398 Poulenc, 000006943 ------- Table B: Phosalone Product Specific Manufacturing-Use Products Data Requirements: Product Chemistry (See Chapter IV) Guidelines Citation 163 ,61-8(c) Name of Test (1) Color Composition Does EPA Have Data Bibliographic to Partially or Citation Totally Satisfy this Requirement? Technical Grade of yes — Must Additional Data be Submitted Under FIFRA 3(c)(2)(B)? If so, due when? yesi/ Active Ingredient 163 163 163 163 163 163 163 163 163 163 .61-8(c) .61-8(c) .61-8 (c) .61-8(c) .61-8(c) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) .61-8(c)(7) .61-8(c) (8) .61-8(c)(9) .61-8(c) .61-8(c) (10) (ID Cdor Melting Point Solubility Stability Cctanol/Water Partition Coefficient Physical State Specific Gravity Boiling Point Vapor Pressure PH Tech. Tech. Tech. Tech. Tech. Tech. Tech. Tech. Tech. Tech. Grade Grade Grade Grade Grade Grade Grade Grade Grade Grade of of of of of of of of of of A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. I. I. I. I. I. I. I. I. I. I. yes — yes — partially-/ — yes — yes yes ~~~~ no — 4/ — no — v — yes— yesi/ ves^/ yesi/ yes- yes— yes—' no yes^/ no These data requirements are current as of August, 1981. Refer to the guidance package for updated requirements. I/ These requirements must be fulfilled by each applicant. Data from other applicants may not be cited. Therefore, even if the requirements have been partially or completely fulfilled for some products, no references are given. These requirements must be filled at the time of registration. However, this requirement has been fulfilled for current registrations. Please refer to Chapter IV for a discussion. 2/ This requirement must be fulfilled by each applicant. Data from other applicants may not be cited. Therefore, even ~~ if the requirement has been partially or completely fulfilled for some products, no references are given. This requirement must be filled at the time of registration or reregistration. 3/ Since phosalone is practically insoluble in water, the solubility for other solvents i.e. benzene, dioxane, methylene ~~ chloride, methanol, ethanol, choroform, xylene etc. in terms of g/lOOml of solvent at 20 C or in ppm should be reported to fulfill this requirement for current registrations. ------- 4/ This is not needed, because phosalone is a solid. 5/ Phosalone is practically insoluble in water (1.7 ppm at 20°C); therefore, no pH data are required. OJ in ------- Table B: Phosalone Product Specific Manufacturing-Use Product Data Requirements: Product Chemistry (See Chapter IV) Guidelines Citation Name of Test Composition OJ en 163.61-8(c)(12) Storage Stability 163.61-8(c)(13) Flammability 163.61-8(c)(14) Oxidizing/Reducing Action 163.61-8(c)(15) Explosiveness 163.61-8(c)(16) Miscibility 163.61-8(c)(17) Viscosity Coefficient 163.61-8(c)(18) Corrosiveness Does EPA Have Data to Partially or Totally Satisfy this Requirement? Bibliographic Must Additional Data Citation be Submitted Under FIFRA 3(c)(2)(B)? If so, due when? Each Manufacturing- yes Use Product Each Manufacturing - no Use Product Each Manufacturing- yes Use Product Each Manufacturing- no Use Product Each Manufacturing- no Use Product Each Manufacturing- no Use Product Each Manufacturing- no Use Product yes—' yes2/ yes2/ yes!/ yes—' yes2/ These data requirements are current as of August, 1981. Refer to the guidance package for updated requirements. I/ This requirement must be fulfilled by each applicant. Data from other applicants may not be cited. Therefore, even if ~ the requirement has been partially or completely fulfilled for some products, no references are given. This requirement must be filled at the time or registration. However, this requirement has been fulfilled for current registrations. Please refer to Chapter IV for a discussion of the data. 2/ This requirement must be fulfilled by each applicant. Data from other applicants may not be cited. Therefore, ~ even if the requirement has been partially or completely fulfilled for some products, no references are given. This requirement must be filled at the time or registration or reregistration. ------- Table C: Phosalone Product Specific End-Use Products Data Requirements: Product Chemistry (See Chapter IV) Guidelines Citation Name of Test Composition 163.61-3 163.61-4 Product Identity & Disclosure of Ingredients Description of Manufacturing Process Each Product Each Product Does EPA Have Data to Partially or Totally Satisfy this Requirement? yes no Bibliographic Citation Must Additional Data be Submitted Under FIFRA 3(c)(2)(B)? If so, due when? yesi/ yes!/ 163.61-5 Discussion on Formation of Unintent ional Ingredients 163.61-6 Declaration & Certification of Ingredients Limits 163.61-7 Product Analytical Methods & Data Each Product Each Product Each Product yes yes yes 3/ yes*/ no These data requirements are current as of August, 1981. Refer to the guidance package for updated requirements. I/ This requirement must be fulfilled by each applicant. Data from other applicants may not be cited. Therefore, even if the requirement has been partially or completely fulfilled for some products, no references are given. These requirement must be filled at the time of registration. However, this requirement has been fulfilled for current registrations. Please refer to Chapter IV for a discussion of the data. 2/ This requirement must be fulfilled by each applicant. Data from other applicants may not be cited. Therefore, even ~ if the requirement has been partially or completely fulfilled for some products, no references are given. This requirement must be filled at the time or registration or reregistration. 3/ Brun et al., 05005128 Guardigli, A., 00006640 Guardigli, A., 00006170 Henckler, P., 00006107 Laurent, M. 00006645 Makarova et al., 05011351 Societe des Usines Chemiques Rhone-Poulenc, 00006398 Societe des Usines Chemiques Rhone-Poulenc, GS0027009, Societe des Usines Chemiques Rhone-Poulenc, 00006943 ------- Table C: Phosalone Product Specific End-Use Products Data Requirements: Product Chemistry (See Chapter IV) GO co Guidelines Citation 163.61-8(c)(l) 163.61-8(c)(2) 163.61-8(c)(7) 163.61-8(c)(8) 163.61-8(c)(ll) 163.61-8(c)(12) 163.61-8(c)(13) 163.61-8(c)(14) 163.61-8(c)(15) 163.61-8(c)(16) 163.61-8(c)(17) 163.61-8(c)(18) Name of Test Color Odor Physical State Specific Gravity pH Storage Stability Flammability Oxidizing/Reducing Action Explos iveness Miscibility Viscosity Coefficient Corros iveness Composition Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Product Product Product Product Product Product Product Product Product Product Product Product Does EPA Have Data to Partially or Totally Satisfy this Requirement? no no no no no no no no no no no no Bibliographic Must Additional Data Citation be Submitted Under FIFRA 3(c)(2)(B)? If So, due when? yesi/ yesi/ — yes— yesi/ yes^-/ yes^ yes^ yesi/ yes— yes^/ yes— yes^/ These data requirements are current as of August, 1981. Refer to the guidance package for updated requirements. I/ This requirement must be fulfilled by each applicant. Data from other applicants may not be cited. Therefore, even if the requirements have been partially or completely fulfilled for some products, no references are given. This requirement must be filled at the time of registration or reregistration. ------- Table C: Phosalone (Emulsifiable Concentrate) Product Specific End-Use Product. Data Requirements: "toxicology (See Chapter VI) Guidelines Citation 163.81-1 163.81-2 163.81-3 163.81-4 163.81-5 163.81-6 Name of Test Acute Oral Toxicity Acute Dermal Toxicity Acute Inhalation Toxicity Primary Eye Irritation Primary Dermal Irritation Dermal Sensitization Composition Each Product or Substantially Similar Product Ea. Prod, or Substan. Sim. Prod Ea. Prod, or Substan. Sim. Prod Ea. Prod, or Substan. Sim. Prod Ea. Prod, or Substan. Sim. Prod Ea. Prod, or Substan. Sim. Prod Does EPA Have Data to Partially or Totally Satisfy this Requirement? yes yes • yes • yes • no • no • Bibliographic Mi Citation bt F: ii Rivett and Davies, 000006697 Scott and Beliles, 000006688 US EPA, GS0027004 US EPA, GS0027006 Horn et al., 000006689 Beliles, 000006981 Horn et al., 000006690 - _ Must Additional Data be Submitted Under FIFRA 3(c)(2)(B)? If so, due when? no no no no yes/6 mo. yes/6 mo. All data requirements are current as of August, 1981. Refer to the guidance package for updated requirements. ------- Table C: Phosalone (Wettable Powder) Product Specific End-Use Product Data Requirements: Toxicology (See Chapter VI) Guidelines Name of Test Citation 163.81-1 Acute Oral Toxicity 163.81-2 Acute Dermal Toxicity 163.81-3 Acute Inhalation Toxicity 163.81-4 Primary Eye Irritation <=> 163.81-5 Primary Dermal Irritation 163.81-6 Dermal Sensitization Composition Does EPA Have Data Bibliographic Must Additional Data to Partially or Citation be Submitted Under Totally Satisfy FIFRA 3(c) (2) (B)? this Requirement? If so, due when? Each Product yes US EPA, GS0027005 no or Substantially US EPA, GS0027003 Similar Product Ea. Prod, or yes^ Horn et al., 000006689 no Substan. Sim. Prod. Ea. Prod, or yes-^ Beliles, 000006981 no Substan. Sim. Prod. Ea. Prod, or no - yes/6 mo. Substan. Sim. Prod. Ea. Prod, or no - yes/6 no. Substan. Sim. Prod. Ea. Prod, or no - yes/6 mo. Substan. Sim. Prod. All data requirements are current as of August, 1981. Refer to the guidance package for updated requirements. I/ The data for the EC formulation will fulfill this data requirement for the WP formulation. ------- CHAPTER IV: PRODUCT CHEMISTRY A. Chemistry Profile B. Data Gaps A. Chemistry Profile The data concerning product chemistry, which fulfill or partially fulfill Agency guideline requirements are discussed below. They are grouped by topic, corresponding to specific sections in the guidelines. 1. Chemical Identity Phosalone is the accepted common name for 0,0-diethyl S-[(6-chloro-2- oxobenzoxazolin-3-yl-)methyl] phosphorodithioate as determined by the American National Standards Institute (1967). Trade names for phosalone include Zolone®, Rubitox®, RP-11974 and NPH-1091. The molecular weight of phosalone is 367.82. The chemical formula is C12H15PS2N°4C1 (Sauli' M" 1975' MRID 005017962). No additional data are required with regard to phosalone's chemical identity for current manufacturing-use and end-use product registrations. 2. Manufacturing Process Rhodia, Inc., Agricultural Division, Monmouth Junction, New Jersey, is the sole registrant for phosalone in the United States. It is manufactured by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc. in Paris, France. Sauli (1975, MRID 005017962) describes a French patent in which phosalone is synthesized in a single phase condensation process of an alkali salt or an ammonium salt of 0,0-diethyldithiophosphoric acid, formaldehyde and 6-chloro- benzoxazolone in the presence of methane sulphonic acid. A complete description of the manufacturing process has been supplied to the Agency. Details of this process, however, are considered by the Agency to be trade secret information and will not be provided within this standard. No further information is required for the current manufacturing-use product. No data are available for the end-use products. 3. Formation Of Unintentional Ingredients Detailed information is available concerning unintentional impurities which may be present in technical phosalone. Like the manufacturing process, this information is considered trade secret and will not be provided within this standard. 41 ------- The data which have been submitted fulfill this data requirement for the current manufacturing-use and end-use product registrations. 4. Percentage Of Active Ingredient in Pesticide Products A confidential statement of formula by Rhodia, Inc. reveals that technical phosalone contains 94 percent active ingredient. The remaining six percent consists of manufacturing impurities. Phosalone is sold as an EC containing 34.4 percent active ingredient (three pounds active ingredient per gallon) and as a WP containing 25 percent active ingredient. The information concerning the remaining ingredients for the technical and formulated products, as well as the nature of these formulations, is considered trade secret and, hence, will not be described within this standard. No additional data are required for the current manufacturing-use and end-use product registrations. 5. Product Analytical Methods and Data Analytical methods for the identification and quantification of phosalone in the technical material and formulated end-use products have been submitted. Methods for the analysis of unintentional impurities have also been submitted and are considered to be adequate. The methods consist of Gas-Liquid Chromatography with electron capture detection and various Thin Layer Chromatographic procedures (Guardigli, A., 1968, MRID 000006170; Guardigli, A., 1969, MRID 000006640; Henckler, P., 1973, MRID 000006107; Societe des Usines Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., 1973, GS0027009; Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, 1966, MRID 000006398). Infrared (IR) and Ultraviolet (UV) spectra for phosalone have also been submitted (Societe des Unines Chemiques Rhone-Poulenc, 19??, MRID 000006943). A colorimetric method including IR and UV spectrometry is detailed in Laurent (1964, MRID 000006645.) An alternate method for phosalone identification consists of a procedure combining thin-layer chromatography and fluoresence spectroscopy (Brun et al., 1973, MRID 005005128). Another method for the determination of phosalone entails the application of iodometric titration (Makarova et al., 1972, MRID 005011351). These various analytical methods have been reviewed by the Agency and have been found to fulfill all data requirements with respect to analytical methodology for current manufacturing-use and end-use product registrations. 42 ------- 6. Physical and Chemical Properties The data which are available concerning these properties for manufacturing-use phosalone are described below. Unless otherwise indicated these data requirements are considered fulfilled for the current manufacturing-use products. There are no data available to describe the formulated products. a. Color The color is white (Rhodia, Inc., 19??, MRID 000006651). b. Cdor The odor is reminiscent of garlic (Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., 1966, MRID 000006172). c. Melting Point The melting point is 45-47°C (Rhodia, Inc., 19??, MRID 000006651). d. Solubility At 25°C (Rhodia, Inc., 19??, MRID 000006113) phosalone is practically insoluble in water, cyclohexane and petroleum ether. At 20 C (Laurent et al., 1975, MRID 000006067) phosalone has low water solubility, approximately 1.7 ppm . Freed et al. (1979, MRID 005018633) reported the solubility as 2.15 ppm. It is soluble in benzene, dioxane, ethanol, methylene chloride, methanol, acetone, chloroform, acetonitrile, xylene and isophorone. The proposed registration guidelines state in Section 163.61-8(4) that solubility data are required in g/100 ml of solvent at 20°C (68°F) or in terms such as ppm (mg/kg). Accordingly, the above solubility data, with the exception of solubility in water, are inadequate and further data are required. e. Stability Technical phosalone is an organophosphorus compound relatively stable to heat (up to 100°C) and acid media. Hydrolysis occurs under alkaline conditions, but more slowly than for many other organophosphorus insecticides (Desmoras et al., 19??, MRID 000006968; Rhodia, Inc., 19??, MRID 000006113.) 43 ------- The rate of decomposition is a function of exposure to UV light and is as follows: The constant of reaction rate under UV light is 0.0081/sec and the half life is 86 minutes (Klisenko, M.A. and Pis'mennaya, M.V., 1973, MRID 005014548). f. Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient The logarithm of the octanol/water partition coefficient at 20 C is 4.30 (Freed et al., 1979, MRID 005018633). g. Physical State The physical state is crystalline (USA Standards Institute, 1967, MRID 000006668). h. Vapor Pressure The vapor pressure of phosalone at 20 C is negligible; however, specific figures are not available. The phosalone concentration of a saturated atmosphere is <0.01 mg/m (Desmoras et al., 19??, MRID 000006968). The registrant is required to supply the exact figures for vapor pressure in torr or mm Hg. Thus, the data are required. i. pH Since phosalone is practically insoluble in water, no pH data are required. j. Storage Stability Results of stability studies on a technical lot of phosalone stored for six months and also for two years show that phosalone is very stable under normal laboratory conditions for a period of two years without risk of notable degradation (Laurent et al., 1965, MRID 000006698). The stability of bulk or formulated products is excellent. ISb appreciable loss in activity was observed in either normal temperature storage trials or from a month of accelerated storage at 50° (Rhodia, Inc., 19??, MRID 000006113). k. Oxidizing or Reducing Action Under acidic conditions, no significant degradation of phosalone takes place. Under alkaline conditions, phosalone is not stable and at 20°C exhibits a half life of about nine days (Laurent et al., 1975, MRID 000006067). 44 ------- B. Data Gaps Please refer to the data charts in Chapter III for the requirements, which need to be fulfilled. 45 ------- CHAPTER V: ENVIRONMENTAL FATE A. Use Summary B. Environmental Fate Profile C. Exposure Profile D. Data Gaps A. Use Summary Phosalone is an insecticide/miticide federally registered for commercial use to control a variety of insect and mite pests on fruit, nut, vegetable, and ornamental crops. Approximately 80 percent of phosalone applications are made on pecans in the southeastern and southwestern states. Other major application sites are for apples in the eastern, western and north central states, and for grapes in California and Arizona. Phosalone is formulated into a 25 percent active ingredient wettable powder formulation used predominantly on apples and grapes, and a 34.4 percent active ingredient emulsifiable concentrate formulation used predominantly on pecans, apples, and grapes. Application rates for these crops range from 0.25-1.0 pounds active ingredient per 100 gallons of water (1.0-4.0 pounds active ingredient per acre.) Both formulations are mixed with water and applied as foliar applications with aircraft and ground equipment, including air-blast sprayers, hydraulic sprayers fitted with a single wand (gun) or boom, and others. The type of equipment is determined by the site and equipment availability. Approximately 1.5-2 million pounds active ingredient are imported annually from France. No phosalone production is reported in the United States.— B. Environmental Fate Profile The environmetal fate studies which fulfill or partially fulfill the data requirements are discussed below. They are grouped by topic to correspond to specific sections in the Guidelines. 1. Hydrolysis Phosalone is stable over a pH range of 5-7, but is hydrolyzed at pH 9 with a half-life of nine days. In a hydrolysis study at pH 9, more than 15 distinct degradation products were found after four weeks. No single degradation product exceeded 10 percent of the applied phosalone. Only four degradation products were identified: phosalone-oxon, 6-chloro-benzoxazolone, 3-amino-7- chloro-2-phenoxazone, and its precursor, 2-amino-5-chlorophenol (Laurent et al., 1975, MRID 000006067). This study, however, only partially fulfills the hydrolysis data requirement. The guidelines require two temperatures and two concentrations to fulfill this 46 ------- data requirement. Therefore, a hydrolysis study using a concentration lower than 1.5 ppm and at a temperature other than 20 C is needed to fully assess the fate of phosalone in the water. V No confidential business information has been used to arrive at this EPA estimate of production volume. 2. Photolysis Phosalone degrades in irradiated water and soil. The data indicate half-lives of 15-20 minutes and about one day, respectively, for water and soil. In irradiated water, approximately 20 degradation products have been isolated, with hydroxyl-phosalone being the major degradation product. Carbon dioxide, 6-chlorobenzoxazolone, and phosalone-oxon, were identified as minor degradation products. Aout 97 percent of the applied phosalone degraded in nonsterile irradiated soil after one month. Chly 30 percent degraded in sterile clay loam soil under light, and 15 percent degraded in the dark. Dechlorinated phosalone and the oxygen analogue were the major degradation products found in irradiated soil, and carbon dioxide was a minor product of photolysis (Anbrosi et al., 1974, MRID 000006409; Mbrosi et al., 1977, MRID 000006666; Laurent et al., 1977, MRID 000006665). These studies fulfill the data requirement pertaining to the photodegradation of phosalone. 3. Aerobic Soil Metabolism Phosalone half-lives in soil metabolism studies ranged from less than one day (type of soil unidentified) to seven days (Beauce soil). Identified metabolites were phosalone-oxon, 6-chlorobenzoxazolone, diethyldithiophosphoric acid, diethylthionophosphoric acid, bis-0,0- diethylthionophosphoryl disulfide, 0,0- diethyl thiophosphonyl disulfate, 0,0-diethylphosphonyl disulfate, and 3-amino-7- chloro-2-phenoxazone. The following degradation products were also rapidly degraded in soil: dechlorinated phosalone, phosalone-oxon, 6-chlorobenzoxazolone, and 3-amino-7-chloro-2-phenoxazone. Neither identified nor unidentified polar and nonpolar extractable metabolites accumulated in soil. Uhextractable radiolabeled residues rapidly accumulated to 70-90 percent of the applied C phosalone under aerobic and flooded (semi-aerobic) conditions. The unextractable residues were associated primarily with the fulvic acid fraction. Ihder aerobic conditions, slightly less than 10 percent of the applied C phosalone was lost as carbon dioxide within one month (Anbrosi et al., 1974, MRID 000006409; Anbrosi et al., 1977, MRID 00006664; Mibrosi et al., 1977, MRID 000006666; Ambrosi et al., 1977, MRID 005009356; /mbrosi et al., 1978, MRID 005008305; Desuoras et al., 1975, MRID 000006770. These studies meet guideline requirements, fbwever, the unextractable residues interfere with development of a metabolic pathway. For example, before 47 ------- degradates are formed, the parent, and possibly some metabolites, are unextractable. Usually from 60 to 90 percent of total phosalone is unextractable, but is present in the soil and taken up by rotational crops. These studies adequately characterize the aerobic soil metabolism of phosalone and fulfill all data requirements. 4. Microbial Metabolism: Effects of Microbes on Pesticides Microbial metabolism appears to be the primary mechanism responsible for phosalone degradation in soil, accounting for 60 to 86 percent of its degradation during a two or four week period. The organisms responsible for the degradation, however, have not been identified (Ambrosi et al., 1977, MRID 000006666 and Desmoras et al., 1975, MRID 000006770). The above data partially fulfill Agency requirements by demonstrating the role of microbial metabolism on phosalone degradation. ND data are, however, available on the identity of the organisms responsible for phosalone degradation. Despite the noted deficiency, the requirement for the submission of the additional data is currently being reserved. The absence of acceptable data within this topic does, therefore, not constitute a data gap. 5. Microbial Metabolism: Effects of Pesticides on Microbes Limited data suggest that phosalone has variable effects on microbes. The degradation of radiolabeled cytosine, glucose, glycine, guanine, phenylalanine, and urea in soil was only temporarily inhibited by phosalone treatment at 10 and 100 ppn. At 1 ppn phosalone had no effect on soil dehydrogenase activity over an eight day period, whereas at 10 ppn activity was inhibited by 20 percent. Soybean nodule formation by Rhizobium japonicum was not inhibited by phosalone at _< 100 ppm. Phosalone treatment of soil at 1 and 10 ppm enhanced oxygen consumption over a six hour period. Preliminary data also indicate that nitrification and the growth of bacteria may be slightly inhibited by phosalone (Anbrosi et al., 1976, MRID 000006667). These data are not sufficient to satisfy this data requirement. Rarther information on the effects of phosalone on important soil microbial functions such as oxygen consumption, nitrification, denitrification, nitrogen fixation, and microbial degradation of starch and protein is needed. This requirement, like the preceding, is currently being reserved. Consequently, the absence of acceptable data within this topic does not constitute a data gap. 48 ------- 6. Leaching Phosalone ( C radiolabeled) did not leach from columns of imaged soils loamy sand, sandy loam, clay loam, and silt loam (Anbrosi et al., 1975, MRID 000006663). The rapid leaching study of parent material (phosalone) is valid, but the aged portion of the study is incomplete. For example, the column was not leached long enough (only three days) and the identification of metabolites was not reported. Also, the method for identification of metabolites was not mentioned. The aged soil should be leached for more than 30 days and metabolites determined. These deficiencies consistute a data gap in the (aged) leaching study. 7. 'Volatility The vapor pressure of phosalone is not known. Vhen this data gap is filled, an assessment can be made concerning the need for a volatilization study. 8. Accumulation in Rotational Crops The current use pattern indicates that phosalone is used to treat potatoes and artichokes as field crops. Artichokes are perennials and are not rotated with any other crop; however potatoes are rotated with several other field crops. Data from rotational crop studies under greenhouse conditions indicate that phosalone and/or its metabolites can accumulate in radishes, beans, potatoes, and wheat planted 1.5 to 5.5 months after soil treatment with phosalone at 3 ppm (Ambrosi et al., 1977, MRID 000006664). Due to the appearance of phosalone residues in greenhouse crops, field studies are required to determine if residues would occur under actual use conditions. In addition, all studies specified in Section 163.62-ll(b) are needed for all other crops identified by the registrant that may be planted in rotation with phosalone-treated crops. If the registrant does not wish to have a rotational crop restriction on a phosalone product, one of the following must be done: a. Supply environmental fate data supporting a rotation interval which does not result in a pesticide residue in the rotated crops; or b. Obtain a tolerance for the nontarget crop (46 FR 3018); or c. Cbtain an exemption from a tolerance for the nontarget crop. In the interim a label amendment restricting phosalone use in crop rotation 49 ------- programs will be required. (See Chapter II for for a more detailed discussion). 9. Fish Accumulation Maximum bioaccemulation factors for catfish, crayfish, bluegill, and rainbow trout were about 31, 21, 16. and 16, respectively following exposure at <0.3 to 0.99 ug/liter of [ C]phosalone over 28 days in a static system. Residue levels in edible tissues declined to undetectable levels (<3 ppb) between the 28th and 3rd day of exposure. Depuration of residues in nonedible tissues was complete by day seven of the depuration period for all species tested. Therefore, [ C]phosalone appears to exhibit a low bioaccunulation potential in fish (Barrows, M.E., 1975, MRID 000006109). Two exposure systems are required by the 1978 guidelines. Therefore, an additional study using a flow-through system and identifying radiolabeled residues is needed to satisfy this data requirement. 10. Reentry Reentry intervals are required to support the registration of all products for which the Agency has determined that a reentry hazard exists for persons reentering treated sites. Ihosalone is an acetyl-cholinesterase inhibiting pesticide which may present a hazard to persons reentering treated fields. The parent and phosalone-oxon tend to persist, especially under dry conditions and present a more hazardous reentry situation. Popendorf et al., (1979, MRID 005005243) found a correlation between the amount of dislodgable phosalone residues in peach orchards and the total dermal doses of workers in the orchard. Ibwever, workers exposed to phosalone residue levels up to 7 ug/cm on peaches showed no blood cholinesterase depression. Higher levels would not be expected to occur under actual use conditions. Several studies presented the results of phosalone residue levels on grapes. In one study, phosalone was applied at three pounds active ingredient per acre twice within a five day period to grapes in California. Levels of dislodgeable foliar phosalone at harvest 87 to 98 days after the last application were approximately 0.075 to 0.45 ug/cm (Knaak et al., 1978 MRID 005003635). Dislodgeable foliar phosalone and phosalone-oxon levels in another study were estimated at <0.1-4.8 and <0.1 to 0.83 ppm after 111-115 days, respectively (Winterlin et al., 1978, MRID 005001343). 3h a separate field sprayed with phosalone at three pounds active ingredient per acre, dislodgeable foliar phosalone levels were estimated at 0.7 ug/cm 68 days after application (Khaak et al., 1978, MRID 005003635). TWo other studies in California showed that hot weather enhances phosalone's dissipation on the surface of grape foliage treated with phosalone 3 EC at .2.1- 3 pounds active ingredient per acre. In one study (Leffingwell et al., 1975, 50 ------- MRID 005007745), dislodgeable phosalone, initially at approximately 175 ppm (approximately 4 ug/on ), had a half-life about seven days in hot humid weather (up to 114 ), and a half-life of approximately 14 days in cooler weather (95 to 105 . . . , ,_ ..... , n . n maximum). In the other study (Leffingwell et al., MRID 005007744), about 25 to 65 percent of the dislodgeable phosalone dissipated within seven to nine days when maximum air temperatures were generally >40 C (104 ). Vhen maximum air temperatues dropped to 38 C (100 F), the dissipation rate slowed and phosalone1s half-life was >30 days. The temperature effect is probably due to enhanced volatilization and chemical reaction. In both studies |he oxygen analogue accumulated to 2.5 to 6.5 ppm (70 to 180 ng/cm ) during the first eight days after phosalone application. The accumulation rate slowed thereafter and the level was relatively constant at 6 to 10 ppn (100 to 250 ng/cm ) 20 to 35 days after application. Neither the decline pattern of phosalone nor the accumulation of phosalone-oxon was affected by variable spray concentrations that ranged from 2.25 pounds active ingredient per acre in 50 gallons of water to three pounds active ingredient per acre in two gallons. However, the initial concentration of dislodgeable phosalone was higher with higher spray concentrations, o^017 example, dislodgeable phosalone levels were about 10 to 16 ug/on one to two days after application at three pounds active ingredient per acre in twelve gallons, whereas levels were about 3 to 5 ug/on one day after application at three pounds active ingredient per acre in 50 gallons (Leffingwell et al., 1975, MRID 005007745) or 2.25 pounds active ingredient in 23 to 30 gallons of water per acre (Leffingwell et al., 1974, MRID 005007744). All these studies show that phosalone and phosalone-oxon residues are present on crop surfaces several weeks after treatment with phosalone. Thus a safe reentry interval must be established to protect persons reentering treated fields from toxic effects of this cholinesterase inhibitor. For each crop, the registrant is required to propose an acceptable reentry interval. This proposed interval may be based on the following: a. Data on dissipation of foliar residues (decline curve), on human exposure to those residues; and on the inherent toxicity of phosalone; b. A determination of the time after which no detectable foliar residues occur under appropriate climatic conditions, in the geographical area in which phosalone will be applied. Phosalone is an organophosporothioate (OP) pesticide. These OP pesticides are among the most toxic pesticides used in American agriculture. They have caused the majority of the reported incidents of field worker poisoning episodes, and most of these have been in California. Riosalone has been implicated as a causative factor in a number of the incidents. In response to these poisoning incidents, reentry intervals for phosalone have been proposed twice by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration of the 51 ------- Department of labor and twice by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [38 (83) Federal Register 10715; 38 (125) Federal Register 17211; 39 (48) Federal Register 9457; 39 (92) Federal Register 16888, respectively.] The last proposed reentry interval of 24 hours was established for phosalone in 40 CFR 170. The State of California has established a seven day reentry interval in response to the unusual environmental conditions within that State with the provision that the reentry interval would be waived, if two inches of rain occurred or if the equivalent of two inches of rain were applied to the crop as an overhead spray. Khaaket al. (1980, MRID GSOQ.27027) has proposed that the Reentry level for phosalone should be 7.0 ug/on . Guidelines for the establishment of Reentry Intervals will soon be proposed by the EPA. V&thin those Guidelines it will be proposed that reentry intervals and reentry (residue) levels will be required for the registration of any pesticide that meets certain criteria. Che of the criteria is that the pesticide has been implicated in poisoning incident(s). Phosalone meets that criteria. The Agency is currently reviewing the established 24 hour reentry interval for phosalone in the light of current scientific information and the methodology presented in the proposed Guidelines. Until the Guidelines and the reentry interval review is complete, the Agency intends to maintain the 24 hour reentry interval as an interim measure. If the registrant wishes to appeal, interval data may be submitted to the Agency to support a change. 11. Summary Although insufficient data are available to form a complete profile of phosalone1s environmental fate, the available information suggests that phosalone will hydrolyze at moderately alkaline pH's and will rapidly photodegrade in water. In soil the degradation of phosalone occurs mainly by microbial action, though some degradation results from photolysis. The half- life of phosalone in soil will generally range from less than one day to seven days. The major products of hydrolysis, photolysis, and soil metabolism are phosalone-oxon, dechlorinated phosalone, 6-chlorobenzoxazolone, and 3-amino-7- chloro-2 phenoxazone, all of which are also rapidly degraded in soil. At least 20 unidentified degradation products are formed in minute amounts. The microbial degradation of glucose, amino acids, and urea in soil is only temporarily inhibited by phosalone treatment at concentrations higher than the recommended field dosage rate. The compound does not adversely affect soil dehydrogenase activity. Phosalone and its metabolites will not leach through most types of soils. The potential for accunulation of phosalone and its metabolites in fish is low. However, the identity of the residues taken up by fish is unknown. Although phosalone rapidly dissipates in soil, unidentified residues may accumulate in radishes, beans, potatoes, and wheat planted as rotational crops in treated fields. Although with adequate precautions phosalone can be safely used, proper reentry intervals are necessary to avoid potential hazards. 52 ------- C. EXPOSURE PROFILE 1. Ml formulations The use of airblast machines and aircraft increases the potential for exposure via spray drift to humans, livestock or wildlife outside the application site. The potential for human exposure via groundwater contamination is low, as studies with several aged and unaged soils (loamy sand, sandy loam, clay loam and silt loam) show that phosalone does not leach. The bioacc until at ion potential is also low, with maximum bioaccemulation factors in catfish, crayfish, bluegill, and rainbow trout reported at 31, 21, 16, and 16, respectively. The mixers and applicators of phosalone formulations have the highest potential for direct exposure, but no quantitative data are available to estimate the degree of such exposure. Dermal and eye exposure from splashing during diluting and mixing operations can result from the use of the emulsifiable concentrate. Respiratory exposure from "puff back" can occur during opening and pouring of the wettable powder formulation.The precautionary statements on the label regarding the use of protective clothing, gloves, and respirators are adequate to ensure the safety of the mixers and applicators. 2. Vfettable Powder Formulation One study was conducted to measure worker exposure to phosalone formulated as a wettable powder following entry into treated fields (Popendorf et al., 1979, MRID 005005243). There was a very good correlation between estimated dermal dose and exposure to specific dislodgeable foliar residues. DLslodgeable foliar phosalone residues, at harvest, ranged from 1,800 ng/cm (22 to 24 days post application) to 7,180 ng/cm (seven to nine days post application). Dislodgeable phosalone-oxon residue levels were one to three percent of the total phosalone applied and ranged from 24 to 190 ng/cm , at harvest. Vbrkers harvesting peaches 3 to 24 days after phosalone applications, at four to five pounds active ingredient per acre received estimated average dermal doses of phosalone and its oxygen analogue of 9.8 (7.2 to 13.9) and 0.16 (0.15 to 0.20) mg/hour, respectively. Approximately 98 to 99 percent of the total dose was attributed to dermal rather than respiratory exposure. The estimated respiratory dose of phosalone was approximately 72 ug/hour. The average individual shift in red blood cell cholinesterase depression was eight to nine percent, well within the normal range of daily fluctuations. Vforker red blood cell cholinesterase activity was slightly inhibited (a mean of approximately four percent), when compared to an unexposed control population. This is not a toxicologically significant decrease. Also, there were no overt signs of cholinergic effects. 53 ------- 3. Unspecified formulation Orange trees in two adjacent fields in California were sprayed with an unspecified formulation of phosalone at six pounds active ingredient per acre in 600 gallons of water (Knaak et al., 1978, MRID 005008190). Half-lives of 13 and 21 dayswere obtained for dislodgeable foliar phosalone at initial levels of 6.4 and 7 ug/on , respectively, ftbrkers pruning trees 14 to 21 days after application were exposed for three days to dislodgeable phosalone and oxygen analogue at 2.6 to 3.6 and 0.2 to 0.5 ug/on , respectively. Ifed blood cell cholinesterase activity in exposed workers was not significantly different from unexposed controls. Plasma cholinesterase activity of the workers was significantly lower in both the 14 and 21 day studies. Neither phosalone nor its metabolites were detected in the urine of exposed workers (limits of detectability for phosalone, phosalone oxon and 2-amino-5- chlorophenol were 0.10, 0.10 and 0.16 ppm, respectively). D. Data Gaps Several studies are still needed to fulfill the data requirements for the environmental fate of phosalone. These data requirements include hydrolysis, anaerobic soil metabolism, adsorption/desorption, terrestrial field dissipation for field and vegetable crop uses and tree fruit and nut crop uses, accunulation in rotational crops, and fish accunulation. For labeling requirements regarding crop rotation and reentry intervals, please refer to Chapter II. 54 ------- CHAPTER VI: TOXICOLOGY A. Toxicology Profile - Manufacturing-Use Phosalone B. Toxicology Profile - End-Use Products C. Toxicology Profile - Oxygen Malogue D. ffezard Assessment - Manufacturing-Use and End-Use Products E. Data Gaps - End-Use Products A. Toxicology Profile - Manufacturing-Use Phosalone The studies which fulfill or partially fulfill the data requirements for manufacturing-use phosalone are grouped by topics corresponding to the appropriate section, which describes those requirements in the Guidelines. 1. Acute Oral Tbxicity Sufficient data are available to show that phosalone has high acute oral toxicity, which places phosalone in Tbxicity Category II (See Table 1). Signs of toxicity included salivation, lacrimation, muscle fasciculations, convulsions, and respiratory disfunction which preceded death. Most deaths occurred within 24 hours of dosing. Therefore, additional data are not required. 2. Acute Dermal Toxicity There are sufficient data to demonstrate that the manufacturing-use formulation has a high degree of acute dermal toxicity, which places phosalone in Tbxicity Category II. The dermal LDcr, is 1530 ing/kg in rabbits with a minimum lethal dose of 320 mg/kg (Pasquet et al., 1976, MRID 005007746). Deaths occurred within four days of administration. In a second study acute dermal LD™ values for rabbits and female rats were greater than 1000 mg/kg and 39o mg/kg, respectively (Dubost et al., 1963, MRID 000006643). Signs of toxicity were characteristic of cholinesterase inhibition as described for acute oral toxicity. Deaths occurred within four days. ISb further testing is needed. 3. Primary Eye Irritation There is one supplementary eye irritation study (Dubost et al., 1963, MRID 000006643). It did not follow standard procedures and does not fulfill this data requirment. Therefore, data are still required. There are data available for the EC formulation, which demonstrate that phosalone is severely irritating to the eye (HDrn et al., 1965, MRID 000006690). The registrant may use this study to fulfill the primary eye 55 ------- irritation data requiranent for the technical. Bbwever, this would place the technical grade material in Tbxicity Category I. In this event the Agency would require changes in the label, including a statement specifying the use of protective goggles. 4. Subchronic Oral Tbxicity Dog studies (Noel et al., 1970, MRID 000006111; Eonoso et al.,1967, MRID 000006203; Fburnel et al., 1966, MRID 000006684; and Jones et al., 1967, MRID 000006205) indicate that a no-observed-effect-level with respect to plasma cholinesterase inhibition is 25 ppn phosalone in the diet. ND systemic effects beside plasma cholinesterase inhibition vere observed in dogs given dietary levels as high as 37.5 ppn for four weeks (Noel et al., 1970, MRID 000006111) . No other subchronic study clearly characterized a no-observed-effect-level for systemic effects, because lover doses were used (Eburnel et al.,196 8, MRID 000006684), or because higher doses (100, 200 and 1000 ppm) were administered for a much longer time (two years) without effects (Donoso et al., 1967, MRID 000006203). A test in a second species (preferably the rat) is also required by the guidelines. Although a rat study (Dubost et al., 1963, MRID 000006643) was conducted, it was limited to male rats and was only five weeks in duration. Also, it did not establish a no-observed-effect-level with respect to blood cholinesterase inhibition in male rats. However, the rat chronic feeding study (tobodard et al., 1967, MRID 000006202) established a no-observed-effect-level. (See Chronic Feeding Tbxicity.) Therefore, there is no need for an additional rat study. ISb further testing is required. 5. Subchronic Neurotoxicity A subchronic neurotoxicity study (Vfoodard et al., 1966, MRID 000006695) shoved that phosalone caused no demyelination at dietary levels up to 500 ppn in chickens treated for 45 days. ISb further testing is required. 6. Chronic Feeding Tbxicity Sufficient data on chronic toxicity are available to indicate that phosalone causes no systemic toxicity in rats fed diets containing 0, 25, 50, or 250 ppm for two years (ftbodard et al., 1967, MRID 000006202). A no-observed-effect- level was established at 25 ppn phosalone in the diet for rats with respect to red blood cell cholinesterase inhibition. Nb further testing is required. 56 ------- 7. Qicogenicity There are sufficient data to show that phosalone does not have oncogenic effects in rats (see previous section) at dietary levels as high as 250 ppm (Vfoodard et al., 1968, MRID 000006202) and in mice at dietary levels as high as ISOppn (Fhone-Poulenc, 1980, MRID GS0027021.) These studies are both lifetime feeding studies. tt> further data are needed. 8. Teratogenicity There are data to demonstrate that phosalone is not fetotoxic or teratogenic in rats (Khera et al., 1979, MRID 005008254) or rabbits (Pasquet, J. and Buisson M., 1969, MRID 000006110) at daily doses as high as 15 or 18 mg/kg, respectively. Tnese two studies satisfy the minimum data requirement for teratology testing. 9. Reproductive Effects A three generation reproduction study (Jones et al., 1967, MRID 000006204) partially fulfills the data requirements for reproduction toxicity testing. In this study groups of rats were given diets containing 0, 25, or 50 ppm phosalone. The study was compromised during the second and third generations by the occurrence of a laboratory infection in test animals. In view of the rapid metabolism and excretion (Collins, R.E. and Ings, R.M.J., 1967, MRID 000006977, and Desmoras et al., 1968, MRID 000006715), the lack of teratogenicity or fetotoxicity at high doses, which are approximately 37 to 56 percent of the acute oral LA-0 in rats (Khera et al., 1979 MRID 05008254 and Pasquet, J. and Buisson, M., 1969, MRID 000006110), and the absence of mutagenic activity in bacteria (Benazet, F. and Cartier, J.R., 1978, MRID GS0027020), the available studies are sufficient to fulfill testing requirements for reproduction toxicity. The no-observed-effect-level for these effects is 50 ppm in the diet (the highest level tested). 10. Mutagenicity A bacterial assay (Benazet, F. and Cartier, J.R., 1978, MRID GS0027020) and a dominant lethal test in mice (Goldenthal et al., 1978, MRID GS0027019) indicate that phosalone is not mutagenic. Although these studies only partially fulfill the data requirements, the results of the studies on teratogenicity (Khera et al., 1979, MRID 005008254 and Pasquet, J. and Buisson, M., 1969, MRID 000006110), reproduction (Jones et al., 1967, MRID 000006204), and oncogencity (Vfcodard et al., 1967, MRID 000006202; and Rhone-Poulenc, 1980, MRID GS0027021) indicate that further testing is not necessary. 3h addition, the rapid metabolism and excretion of phosalone and its metabolites (Collins, 57 ------- R.E. and Ings, R.M.J. , 1967, MRID 000006977 and Dssnoras et al., 1968, MRID 000006715) further support the decision to waive further testing requirements. 11. Metabolism and Pharmacodynamics The available data show that phosalone is metabolized rapidly in the rat (Collins, R.E. and Ings, R.M.J. , 1967, MRID 000006977 and Degnoras et al., 1968, MRID 000006715). Fifty percent of the administered dose is metabolized and excreted within 24 hours after treatment. Metabolites included the oxygen analogue, diethyldithio- and diethylthionophosphoric acids. The heterocyclic ring is also rapidly degraded to carbon dioxide, accounting for approximately two- thirds of administered radiolabel (in the heterocyclic ring) in the rat (Collins, R.E. and Ings, R.M.J., 1967, MRID 000006977). Most of the remaining activity is excreted in the urine. Jn vitro studies with liver tissues also show that phosalone is metabolized to its oxygen analogue (Deanoras et al., 1968, MRID 000006715). Studies with mice demonstrate that 98 percent of the administered dose of phosalone is excreted within 16 hours (Degnoras et al., 1968, MRID 000006715). Studies with cows given phosalone labeled in the benzene ring showed that the major route of excretion of administered radioactivity is in the urine. Approximately 50 percent was excreted during the first 24 hours following dosing (Qraine, E.M. , 1974, MRID 000006972 and 000006973). A dermal application of 13.9 milligrams of radiolabeled phosalone was applied to a pig and showed that the chemical is not aosorbed through the skin (Craine, E.M. , 1974, MRID 000006975). Studies concerning cholinesterase inhibition are also available. In one study groups of 18 female rats were given a single oral dose of 0, 4, 12, or 36 milligram of phosalone per kilogram body weight (Pasquet et al., 1976, MRID 005007746). Qiol inesterase levels were measured at 2, 5, or 24 hours after treatment in six animals from each group. The dose required for 50 percent inhibition (ID™) of the cholinesterase activities are summarized as follows: ID5f) Type at 2_ hours _at 5_ hours Plasma 16.0 16.5 Red blood cell 15.0 10.5 Brain 31 23 In another study by Eournel et al. (1968, MRID 000006716), groups of 18 rats of each sex were given single oral doses of 0, 3, 9, or 27 milligram phosalone per kilogram body weight or 1,3, or 9 milligram oxygen analogue per kilogram body 58 ------- weight. Cne group of six animals of each sex was sacrificed 1.5, 6, or 24 hours after dosing and cholinesterase activities were measured in the blood (plasma and erythrocytes) and the brain. The investigators stated that peak inhibition was seen between 1.5 and six hours after treatment. The oxygen analogue was shown to be a more potent inhibitor of cholinesterase than the parent compound. No further testing is necessary for metabolism and pharmacodynamics. 12. A3ditional Information There are sufficient data to show that phosalone inhibits blood cells cholinesterase in calves given diets containing 0, 20, 50, 80 or 160 ppm phosalone for eight weeks (Vfoodard et al., 1967, MRID 000006677). The no- observed-effect-level for this inhibition was 80 ppn. ISb other toxic effects were observed. Gbws receiving diets containing 0, 25, 50 or 100 ppm phosalone for 21 days showed no compound related effects (Tbtmann et al., 1967, MRID 000006073). Phosalone in the diets of chickens at 31 or 115 ppm for four weeks decreased egg production to 69.7 percent and 68.9 percent respectively, as compared to 74.4 percent for-untreated birds. Egg production in treated birds increased when they were given diets without phosalone. ISb other effects were noted (McGinnis, C.H. , Jr., 1974, MRID 000006976). The no-observed-effect-level was 9 ppm with respect to egg production. ISb effect on embryonated chicken eggs were noted at doses as high as 1.8 milligrams phosalone per egg (highest dose tested) (Pasquet, J. and Buisson, M., 1969, MRID 000006110). A study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of antidotes against a lethal dose of phosalone in mice and rats (Rivett, K.F. and Davies, V., 1966, MRID 000006697). Che of the antidotes tested was P2S, which is the chemical nane for l-methyl-pyridyl-2-aldoxine methyl sulphate. It is an analogue of 2-PAM, which is suggested as an antidote for phosalone poisoning on the label. The other antidote tested was atropine. Both chemicals are classified as cholinesterase reactivators and as such are useful in reversing the effects of cholinesterase inhibition caused by phosalone. In this study atropine was administered immediately after dosing, while P2S was administered when signs of toxicity appeared. P-S alone was found to be a more effective antidote than atropine alone. B. Toxicology Profile-End-Use Phosalone The studies which fulfill or partially fulfill the data requirements for the end-use products are grouped by Guideline requirements and are discussed below. The requirements for acute dermal toxicity and acute inhalation toxicity have been fulfilled for the EC formulation. These data will also fulfill these data requirements for the WP formulation. 59 ------- 1. /cute Oral Tbxicity Table 2 summarizes the acute oral LD^Q values for the two formulations, EC and WP. Signs appeared two hours after dosing. Deaths occurred within 24 hours after treatment. Rats given 147 mg/kg or greater had tremors and depression, while doses of 215 mg/kg or greater caused salivation and lacrimation (Scott, W.J. and Beliles, R.P., 1965, MRID 000006688). These results indicate that the formulations of phosalone have high acute oral toxicity, placing it in Toxicity Category II. No additional testing is required for either formulation. 2. Pcute Dermal Ibxicity There are sufficient data to indicate that the acute dermal toxicity of the formulations is moderate (Toxicity Category HI). The acute dermal IA-Q is greater than 2000 mg/kg in male and female rabbits (Horn et al., 1965, MRID 000006689). ND overt signs of systemic toxicity or cholinesterase inhibition were seen in rabbits, and only mild erythema was seen in rabbits treated with the 2000 mg/kg dose. 3. Pcute Inhalation Tbxicity There are sufficient data to indicate that the acute inhalation toxicity of phosalone formulations is relatively low (Toxicity Category IV) (Beliles, R.P. , 1966, MRID 000006981). Tne acute lethal concentration time (LCT5Q) vas found to be 64 mg hr/liter of air for rats. 4. Hrimary Eye Irritation There are data indicating that the emulsifiable concentrate is severely irritating to the eyes of rabbits (tforn et al., 1965, MRID 000006690). Gbrneal opacity persisted in some of the rabbits for seven days. It should be noted that the treated eyes were not vashed after instillation of the formulation. Tne Ajency will accept this study to fulfill this data requirement, even though it was not conducted for 21 days, as specified in the guidelines. This places the formulation in Toxicity Category I. Changes in the current label should be made, as discussed in Chapter II and the guidance package. However, the registrant may wish to submit additional studies, which are conducted over the 21 day time period. Such studies may result in a lower Toxicity Category. There are no data available for the WP formulation. Therefore, data are still required. 60 ------- ffowever, the registrant may submit the data fron the EC formulation. Again, thip would place the WP in Ibxicity Category I. The appropriate changes in the label vould also be needed, including a statement concerning the use of goggles. 5. Additional Information There is one stu3y of antidotes in rats and mice which used lethal doses of the EC formulation administered orally (Rivett, K.F. and Davies, V., 1966, MRID 000006697). The results are similar to those described above for the manufacturing use formulation. C. Toxicology Profile-Oxygen Analogue 1. Acute Cral Tbxicity The oral LDcQ of the oxygen analogue in female rats was 21 mg/kg with 95 percent confidence limits of 12 to 28 mg/kg (Pasquet et al., 1976, MRID 005007746). In male rats the oral LD5Q was found to be 36 mg/kg with a confidence interval from 29 to 44 mg/kg, wnile that for female rats was 20 mg/kg with a confidence interval from 15 to 29 mg/kg (Fournel et al., 1968, MRID 000006716). Signs of toxicity were similar to those in animals treated with phosalone and deaths were seen within 24 hours of treatment with the analogue. Additional information is available concerning the oral lA-o in mice. Fburnel et al. (1968, MRID 000006716) reported 35 mg/kg with a 30 to 41 mg/kg confidence interval in males and 40 mg/kg with a 33 to 49 mg/kg confidence interval for females. Societe des Usines Chimique Rione-Poulenc (1968, MRID 000006674) reported 32 mg/kg. In both cases the signs of toxicity were indicative of cholinesterase inhibition. 2. Acute Eermal Toxicity A dermal LDj-nin rats of 380 mg/kg was reported by Pasquet et al. (1976, MRID 005007/46) with no further information. These data suggest that the analogue is approximately five times more toxic than the technical or the EC formulation. D. Hazard Assessment for Manufacturing and End-Use Products The phosalone exposure profile (refer to Chapter V) provides that maximum exposure will occur with those involved in direct mixing, loading, and application. The principal routes of exposure may be anticipated to be dermal and inhalational; the latter coming from applicator exposure to spray mist. As noted above, the acute toxicity of phosalone falls within Categories I through IV, depending upon route of exposure and formulation. The WP and EC acute oral 61 ------- toxicity is relatively high, while acute dermal and inhalation toxicities are moderate to low. In addition, the acute oral and dermal toxicities of phosalone-oxon is high. The primary toxic effect of phosalone is its cholinesterase inhibition. Ihosalone, as demonstrated in a study with the EC formulation, is also a severe eye irritant causing persistent corneal opacity, if the chemical is not washed from the eye. The Agency believes that the acute hazards resulting from exposure to phosalone are mitigated by those precautionary measures prescribed by the product labeling requirements as outlined in Chapter II. Although the Agency does not possess the full complement of chronic toxicity data as required by the Guidelines, those data available for Agency review do not indicate any potential for oncogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, or reproductive effects. The Agency, therefore, believes that phosalone, when used according to label directions, presents no chronic hazard. E. Data Gaps Data gaps for acute inhalation toxicity, primary dermal irritation, primary eye irritation, dermal sensitization, and acute delayed neurotoxicity should be filled for manufacturing-use phosalone. Data for primary dermal irritation and dermal sensitization are still needed for the EC and WP formulations. Eata concerning primary eye irritation are still needed for the WP formulation. 62 ------- CHAPTER VII. RESIDUE CHEMISTRY A. Residue Gi em is try Profile B. Data Caps A. Residue Chemistry Profile 1. Metabolism in Plants The metabolism and degradation of phosalone follows a pattern typical of that of phosphorodithioate esters; i.e. oxidation to the phosphate (oxygen analogue), hydrolysis and conjugation of the benzoxazolone nucleous with a gylcoside and further elimination of this conjugate (FAO Working Party of Experts on Pesticide Residues, 1973, MRID 005013895). Phosalone has been found to directly hydrolyze although oxidation to the oxygen analogue and then hydrolysis of this metabolite is the more predominant path of degradation (Societe des Usines Cnimiques Fhone-Poulenc, 1968, MRID 000006675). Experiments with de-ethylation reactions have shown that it is very unlikely that de-ethylation of phosalone in plants will occur (Danoras et al., 1968, MRID 00006791). The oxygen analogue of phosalone was detected in treated plants but always at minute quantities usually about one percent of the total residue and never more than ten percent (Desmoras et al., 1968, MRID 000006791). After hydrolysis of phosalone or its oxygen analogue, the diethyldithio- or thionophosphoric acid leads to the formation of orthophosphoric acid (Desmoras et al., 1966, MRID 000006386 and Winterlin et al., 1974, MRID 005009309). Tne benzoxazDlone nucleus of the molecule or 6-chlorobenzoxazDlone has never been detected by itself. However it was found as a conjugate of a glycoside; i.e. [ (6-chloro-2-ben2DxazDlone)3-yl]-l-glicopyranose (Desmoras et al., 1968, MRID 000006791). Phosalone is not regarded as "systemic"; however, when applied to the soil it will be absorbed and translocated by seme plants (Kbvaleva, E.S. and Talanov, G.A., 1977, MRID 005014688). It has been noted that grapes treated with phosalone showed absorption of phosalone into the pulp instead of being retained on the skin (Nalbandyan, R.A., 1975, MRID 005016356). 14 A study with potato plants, where the leaves had been treated with C- phosalone, showed that 99.5 percent of the radioactivity remained at the treatment area. The formed tubers contained less than 0.01 percent of radioactivity 14 days after the treatment. This indicates that there is no translocation of phosalone out of the treated area (Mbrosi et al., 1974, MRID 000006125). Accordingly it is understood that the nature of the residue resulting in plants from a treatment of phosalone is as follows: phosalone per se, its oxygen analogue (usually one to ten percent of the total residue) and its 63 ------- hydrolysis products and [ (6-chloro-2-benzoxazDlone)-3-yl]-l-glucopyranose present only in trace amounts. The metabolism and degradation pathways of phosalone in plants are veil defined and no further studies are necessary. 2. fetabolism in Aiimals In a study with animals (Desmoras et al., 1968, MRID 000006715)), rats and mice were fed one dose of phosalone at 35 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg, respectively. The animals were sacrificed at varying time intervals after ingestion. Samples of urine, feces and of the whole body were taken for analysis. O/er 99 percent of the ingested phosalone "disappeared" within 24 hours. Aialysis also showed the absence of any oxygen analogue of phosalone and 6-chlorobenzoxazolone residues. Thus, neither phosalone, its oxygen analogue, nor 6-chlorobenzoxa2olone were found in the tissues or excreta. Important quantities of diethyl dithio- and thiono-phosphoric acids were detected in the animal body, urine and feces indicating there was hydrolysis of the phosalone molecule. The 6-chlorobenzoxazolone residue was not detected. A metabolism study with dairy cattle (Craine, E.M., 1975, MRID 000006974) was as performed to identify residues in .milk and urine following the administration of a single dose of C- benzene ring labeled phosalone. Nb tissues were analyzed. The major route of elimination of phosalone residues was reportedly via the urine (86-94 percent); the feces accounted for about six percent of the remainder. Oily 0.3 percent of C - activity appeared in the milk (i.e. 0.19 ppn.) Almost all (93-100 percent) of the administered C - dose was recovered within 104 hours. 14 In the urine about two percent of the C in the dose was excreted as phosalone per se or its oxygen analogue. Two major urinary metabolites were isolated and determined to be 2-oxo-3-mercaptomethyl-6-chlorobenzoxazole and 2-amino-5-chlorophenol. The 2-oxo-3-mercaptomethyl-6-chlorobenzoxazole is formed by hydrolytic cleavage of the S-P bond of phosalone and 2-anino-5- chlorophenol could subsequently be formed by the hydrolytic opening of the benzoxazole ring. Another 15 compounds containing low levels of radioactivity were present; however they were not identified. 14 In milk less than 10 percent of the 0.19 ppm C - activ ity present was identified as phosalone or its oxygen analogue ( <0.02 ppm). The major metabolites found were 2-amino-5-chlorophenol (0.08 ppm) and 2-oxo-3- mercaptomethyl-6-chlorobenzoxazole (0.03 ppm). Other compounds containing radioactivity were also present but at levels too low to warrant identification (0.03 ppm). 64 ------- The presence of these two compounds in milk caused the Agency to request Rione- Poulenc to submit additional methodology capable of measuring all chlorobenaoxaaDle-and chlorophenol moiety-containing metabolites. Such methodology must be able to measure the chlorophenol metabolite(s) as separate entities. Residue studies submitted in December of 1980 by Rione-Poulenc concerning meat, milk, poultry and eggs in conjunction with a pending registration action for the use of phosalone in or on alfalfa showed the possible presence of residues of secondary phosalone metabolites. These studies are still awaiting final review. Metabolism data indicate that phosalone per se is the primary residue of concern after use of phosalone on raw agricultural crops. The metabolism of phosalone in animals is considered, however, to be adequately defined at the present time. 3. Analytical Methodology a. Agricultural Crops The following references discuss chronologically the development of the analytical method which was used for the collection of the majority of the residue data on the agricultural crops subject to this registration Standard: Desnoras, J. , 1965, MRID 005016979; Guardigli, A., 1964, MRID 000006383; Guardigli, A., 1968, MRID 000006703 and GS0027010; Guardigli, A. and Melkesian, B., 1968, MRID 000006083; Guardigli et al., 1967, MRID 000006678; Guardigli et al., 1971, MRID 005008180; Laurent et al., 1967, MRID 000006700 and Societe des Usines Chimiques Fhone-Poulenc, 1968, MRID 000006701. This method, known as Ihone-Poulenc's Method ISb. 54A, was also adopted as the regulatory enforcement method and is therefore published in the Pesticide Analytical Manual, tolune II, Section 120. 263. Method ISb. 54A is the main method which determines the concentration of the parent compound present and consists of a gas chromatographic procedure. Thin layer chromatographic (TLC) methods (Rhone-Poulenc1 s Methods ISb. 54D and 54E) are employed for the determination of the oxygen analogue of phosalone, the metabolite [ (6-chloro-2-ben2DxazDlone)-3-yl]-l-glucopyranose and may also be used to confirm the presence of the parent compound. In method Isb. 54A the residue is extracted from the crop with acetone and buffered. The solvent is evaporated. The aqueous phase is extracted with methylene chloride. The extract is cleaned up by liquid partition on a Florisil colunn. After elution with ethyl acetate and evaporation, the residue is dissolved in benzene. The amount of pesticide is determined with the use of a gas chromatograph utilizing electron capture system. This method is supplemented by a TLC procedure for confirmatory purposes. 65 ------- Recoveries obtained in a method try-out on apples ranged from 74-91 percent at 10 ppm and 95 percent at 20 ppm. The sensitivity of the method is 0.1 ppm. Overall, recoveries obtained at fortification levels from 0.25-2.0 ppm averaged 92.5 percent. When thin layer chromatographic methods 54D and 54E are employed, the final cleaned-up extract in benzene is spotted versus standard solutions on a TLC plate coated with Silico Cfel GF254. The plate is developed in the proper elution median. After air drying, the plate is sprayed with a 2N sodium hydroxide solution and heated for five minutes at 120 C. After cooling, the plate is sprayed with a specific detection reagent. Phosalone as low as 0.1 ppm in the presence of other pesticides can be detected. b. Meat and Milk For the analysis of meat and milk samples, a modification of method ND. 54A is used. The modification consists of a change in the clean-up procedure. This modified procedure is known as method 54C (Guardigli, A., 1967, MRID 000006129; 1971, MRID 000006762; 1973, MRID 000006105.) Although this method will determine both phosalone and its oxygen analogue, this method was tried-out in one of EPA's laboratories for phosalone only in beef fat. Samples fortified at 0.25 ppm and 0.50 ppm of phosalone produced recoveries ranging from 88-92 percent and 92-98 percent, respectively. The controls were <0.005 ppm. The method as tried out by Ibone-Poulenc1 s laboratory for milk at fortification levels of 0.1-0.5 ppm of phosalone gave recoveries from 80-99 percent. Recoveries from tissues at levels from 0.2-0.5 ppm ranged from 83-97 percent. Control values were not more than 0.05 ppm in animal tissues and <0.0255 ppm in milk. The sensitivity of the method is estimated to be 0.1-0.2 ppm for meat and milk. Accordingly it is concluded that adequate methodology is available for the collection of residue data and for enforcement purposes for measurement of combined residues of phosalone and its oxygen analogue in and on raw agricultural commodities including meat and milk. Methods for phosalone published in the Pesticide Analytical Manual are adequate for enforcement purposes. As previously mentioned, however, new methods are currently being reviewed in a pending registration action concerning the use of phosalone in or on alfalfa. 4. Residues in Plants and Anmals The reported residue studies overall reflect the registered uses of phosalone on raw agricultural crops, processed foods, by-products and feed items. Feeding studies reflecting residues of phosalone in large animals and poultry were adequate in exhibiting the possible transfer of residues of phosalone to meat, milk, poultry and eggs. 66 ------- Ihe established tolerances for residues of phosalone which may result from the registered uses are found adequate for the raw agricultural commodities as well as the processed foods, by-products and feed items. The established tolerance (0.25 ppm) for meat, fat and meat by-products of cattle, goats, hogs, horses and sheep is adequate to cover possible residues of phosalone which may transfer to these commodities. Itesidues in milk, poultry and eggs, resulting fron the registered uses of phosalone are considered representative of category three of section 180.6(a); i.e., it is not possible to establish with certainty whether finite residues will be incurred, but there is no reasonable expectation of finite residues. It is possible that the 0.25 ppn tolerance for residues of phosalone in the meat, fat, and meat by-products of cattle, goats, hogs, horses and sheep, may have to be raised in value and incluSe particular metabolites present in tissues and milk, pending a registration action for phosalone use in or on alfalfa. (Please refer to chart in Chapter III for a listing of the citations, which are grouped by the crop studied.) 5. Storage Stability Several studies containing information on the storage stability of samples of technical and formulated phosalone show that phosalone is very stable (Eeanoras et al., 19??, MRID 000006968; Klisenki, M.A. and Pis'mennaya, M.V. , 1973, MRID 005014548; Laurent et al., 1965, MRID 000006698 and Fhodia, Inc., 19??, MRID 000006113). (See Chapter IV, Product Chemistry, Physical/Chemical Properties for a detailed discussion.) 6. Tolerance Levels a. Present U.S. Tolerances 1). Raw Agricultural Gbmmodities According to 40 CFR 180.263 tolerances for residues of phosalone, in or on raw agricultural commodities are as follows: 50 ppn in or on almond hulls. 25 ppn in or on artichokes. 15 ppm in or on apricots, cherries, nectarines, peaches, and pluns (fresh prunes). 10 ppm in or on apples, grapes, and pears. 3 ppn in or on citrus fruit. 67 ------- 0.25 ppn in the meat, fat, and meat by-products of cattle, goats, hogs, horses, and sheep. 0. Jppn (negligible residue) in or on almonds and potatoes. 0.05 ppn (negligible residue) in or on brazil nuts, bush nuts, butternuts, cashews, chestnuts, filberts, hazelnuts, hickory nuts, macadamia nuts, pecans and walnuts. 2). Processed Foods Also according to 21 CFR 561.300, tolerances for residues of phosalone are established in or on the following processed foods, when present therein as a result of the application to growing crops: 8 5 ppn in or on dried apple pomace. 45 ppm in or on dried grape pomace. 12 ppm in or on dried citrus pulp. In addition, according to 21 CFR 193.340 tolerances are established for residues of the insecticide phosalone in or on the following processed foods when present therein as a result of application to the growing crops; 4 0 ppn in or on dried prunes. 20 ppm in or on dried raisins. 8 ppn in or on dried tea. b. CODEX Tolerances A list of suggested maxdmun limits in ppm for residues of phosalone on an international basis is exhibited below. These limits were a result of joint meetings on lesticides Ifesidues in 1972, 1975, and 1976. The Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) was calculated to be 0.006 mg/kg body weight. 68 ------- CODEX Tolerances Maximum (ppn) for Conmodity Phosalone Residues /pples 5 Beet roots 2 Broccoli 1 Brussels grouts 1 Cabbage 1 CherrieslO Chestnuts 0.1(*) (Shell-free Basis) Citrus Fruit 1 Cucumber 1 Grapes 5 fops (Dried) 2 Lettuce 1 Iteaches 5 Pears 2 Ifeas 1 Pecans 0.1(*) (9iell-free Basis) Plums 5 Potatoes O.K*) Rapeseed 0.1(*) Sleep, Eat 0.5 Sheep, Carcass Meat 0.05(*) Stravfcerries 1 Tomato 1 (*)Level at or about the limit of determination 69 ------- A comparison of the U.S. tolerances with the CODEX tolerances indicates that most of the U.S. tolerances are remarkably higher than the CCDEX tolerances. A reassessment of the U.S. tolerances indicates that it is impractical to lover the U.S. tolerances due to the level of residues that result from the registered use in the U.S. Some CODEX tolerances are higher, however. For example, the CODEX tolerance for residues of phosalone in the fat of sheep (0.5 ppm) is twice that of the U.S. (0.25). This is because the CCDEX tolerance reflects residues resulting from a "sheep-dip" use, a use which is not registered in the U.S. The U.S. tolerance for animal fat reflects phosalone residues resulting from feeding the animals crops treated with phosalone; this use is not considered under the international tolerance. The U.S. tolerance for phosalone in meat, fat, and meat by-products of cattle, goats, hogs, horses, and sheep is being reevaluated due to the pending registration action for use in or on alfalfa. The CODEX tolerance of 0.1 ppm for pecans and chestnuts (nuts) is also higher than that of the U.S. tolerance of 0.05 ppm for nuts (except almonds) . Both tolerances are based on the sensitivity of the method used. The U.S. tolerance is a negligible tolerance and could be made consistent with the CODEX tolerance (i.e. 0.1 ppm) for the nut grouping (except almonds) as defined under Title 40, section 180.34(f), which states in part, "It may be possible to make a reliable estimate of negligible residues of pesticide chemicals to be expected on each commodity in a designated grouping on the basis of data on a representative number of commodities listed in the following designated groups." The commodities listed for nuts include Brazil nuts, bush nuts, butternuts, cashews, chestnuts, filberts, hazelnubs, hickory nuts, macadamia nuts, pecans, and walnuts. A change in the tolerance to a higher level, however, is dependent upon a recalculation of the Theoretical Maximum Residue Concentration (TMRC). The Agency recalculated the TMRC and found that it would be appropriate to make the U.S. tolerance for nuts (except almonds) consistent with the CODEX tolerance of 0.1 ppm. The result is discussed in Chapter 2 under the Tolerance Reassessment Section. 7. Special local ISeed Registrations In 1980, additional uses for the application of phosalone by aircraft to almonds, grapes, stone fruit and walnuts were granted by California under Section 24 (c) of FIFRA, which provides for a state to obtain additional uses to meet special local needs. The maximum use per acre for all crops is the same as for those applied by ground equipment except the spray volume for the aerial application can be reduced to a minimum of 20 gallons of water. Vfe have 70 ------- reviewed the data reflecting the residues resulting fron the ground applications and in conjunction with the fact that F.D.A. Market Basket Surveillance data report residues of phosalone considerably below the established tolerances; it is concluded that the registered Section 24 (c) uses are in compliance with the respective established crop tolerances. B. Data Gaps No generic data gaps were identified with regard to Ffesidue Chemistry. 71 ------- CHAPTER VIII: ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS A. Ecological Effects Profile B. Hazard Evaluation C. Data Gaps A. Ecological Effects Profile Phosalone, as noted earlier in the Use Summary section of Chapter V, is an insecticide and miticide applied to agricultural and commercial ornamental crops. It may be applied by ground or aerial equipment to agricultural sites and by ground equipment to ornamentals. As a result of these methods of application, some potential exists for the exposure of nontarget terrestrial and aquatic organisms. 1. Birds and Aquatic Invertebrates In relation to the toxicity of phosalone to birds and aquatic invertebrates, limited data are available. However, these studies are considered inadequate, because they failed to meet guideline requirements. It is thus not possible to assess phosalone1 s toxicity to these nontarget organisms. Therefore, data are still required. 2. Fish With respect to the toxicity of phosalone to fish, the available data indicate that it may be highly toxic to both warmwater (McCann, J.A. and Jasper, R.L. , 1972, MRID 005009810; USDA, 1969, MRID GS0027002) and coldvater fishes (USDA, 1969, MRID GS0027001). The USDA study (MRID GS0027001) reports a 96 hour 1C 5Q of 0.92 ppm for coldwater fishes. This study was conducted with a 34.8 percent active ingredient formulation and characterizes this formulation as being highly toxic to coldvater fishes. The studies concerning the warmwater fishes (MRID 005009810 and GS0027002) ware also conducted with the 34.8 percent active ingredient formulation. These studies did not report an 1C J-Q value, but did indicate high toxicity. However, the proposed guidelines require that the studies be conducted with the technical product, in order to evaluate the effect of the chemical itself on fishes. Studies performed with technical material facilitate extrapolation for all formulations. Therefore, data are still required with technical phosalone on both warmwater and coldwater fishes. 3. Plants The data base concerning the toxicity of phosalone to nontarget plants and microorganisms is somewhat limited. Information on the effects of phosalone applied at the recommended rates on citrus, stone fruits, nuts, apples, grapes and potatoes is available. These data show no adverse effects on the plants tested. 72 ------- Several vegetables for which phosalone is not registered were tested under greenhouse conditions and showed injury. Cucunber, however, was the only plant tested under both greenhouse and field conditions, and displayed no phytotoxic symptoms when treated at one pound active ingredient per acre for the field test. This was twice the rate applied in the greenhouse study. The results from the field study reflect the potential exposure of plants to phosalone more accurately, and the Agency, consequently, ass ones that the affected vegetables would be more tolerant in the field. The label indicated a potential for injury on roses, although no valid studies were received to confirm this. Although the studies mentioned above were not conducted under the specifications of the proposed guidelines (40 FR 72910; November 3, 1980), the Agency has determined that the studies, in aggregate, provide sufficient information to fulfill the data requirement for vegetative vigor for dicotyledonous plants. These studies adequately describe the phytotoxic effects of phosalone to these plants. (Please refer to the Chapter III charts for ecological effects for the citations.) To completely fulfill this data requirement, however, data must still be submitted for representative monocotyledonous plants. The data requirements for effects on seed germination, algae, and aquatic macrophytes must also be met, because no studies were either submitted or located in the literature. 4. Soil and Terrestrial Invertebrates With respect to phosalone's toxicity to nontarget soil and terrestrial invertebrates, the available information shows that the adverse effects of phosalone to phytoseiid predaceous mites are highly variable and species specific (Croft, B.A. and Stewart, P.G., 1973, MRID 005009346; Croft, B.A. and Nelson, E.E. , 1972, MRID 005009345; Karg, W., 1978, MRID 005020178; Nelson et al., 1973, MRID 005005773; Vfetve, C.M. and Lienk, S.E., 1975, MRID 005013359; Witve, C.M. and Lienk, S. E., 1976, MRID 005014275). Available information indicates that phosalone is moderate in toxicity to honey bees, Apis mellifera by either direct spray or residual contact (Atkins, E.L. and Anderson, L. D., 1967, MRID 000006654; Atkins et al., 1970, MRID 000006653; Atkins et al., 1973, MRID 000006652; Grahame, R. E., 1967, MRID 000006657; Smyth, E.P. and Jbhansen, C., 19??, MRID 000006793). Si addition, a residual contact test for wild bees was conducted with the leafcutter bee, Megachile pacifica, and the alkali bee, Nomia melanderi (Smyth et al., 19??, MRID 000006793) and low toxicity was demonstrated. This low to moderate toxicity to pollinators may be mitigated by restricting application to times when bees are not actively foraging. See Chapter II for appropriate label statements. 73 ------- ALthough these data concerning nontarget soil and terrestrial invertebrates are quite limited, they appear adequate for current hazard labeling needs. Additional studies may, however, be required upon the promulgation of the Guidelines Subpart L, ffezard Evaluation: ISbntarget Insects. B. Hazard Assessment Due to the limited amount of information available, a detailed hazard assessment for wildlife cannot be made at this time. There is an indication that phosalone does not present a serious hazard to dicotyledonous plants. There is also an indication that phosalone may be highly toxic to warmwater and coldwater fishes and low to moderately toxic to pollinators. C. Data Gaps Tests to assess the ecological effects of phosalone are required, with the exception of the vegetative vigor requirement for dicotyledonous plants. Please refer to the data charts in Chapter III for the specific requirements. 74 ------- IX. CASE BIBLIOGRAPHY Guide to Use of This Bibliography 1. Content of Bibliography. This bibliography contains citations of all the studies reviewed by EPA in arriving at the positions and conclusions stated elsewhere in this standard. Primary sources for studies in this bibliography have been the body of data submitted to EPA and its predecessor agencies in support of past regulatory decisions, and the published technical literature. The bibliography is divided into two sections: (1) citations that contributed information useful to the review of the chemical and are considered to be part of the data base supporting registrations under the standard and (2) citations that have been examined and judged to be inappropriate for use in developing the standard. 2. Units of Entry. The unit of entry in this bibliography is called a "study". In the case of published materials, this corresponds closely to an article. In the case of unpublished materials submitted to the Agency, the Agency has sought to identify documents at a level parallel to a published article from within the typically larger volumes in which they were submitted. The resulting "studies" generally have a distinct title (or at least a single subject), can stand alone for purposes of review, and can be described with a conventional bibliographic citation. The Agency has attempted also to unite basic documents and commentaries upon them, treating them as a single study. 3. Identification of Entries. The entries in this bibliography are sorted by author, date of the document, and title. Each entry bears, to the left of the citation proper, a nine-digit numeric identifier. This number is unique to the citations and should be used at any time specific reference is required. This number is called the "Master Record Identifier" or "MRID". It is not related to the six-digit "Accession Number", which has been used to identify volumes of submitted data; see paragraph 4(d)(4) below for a further explanation. In a few cases, entries added to the bibliography late in the review may be preceded by a nine-character temporary identifier. This is also to be used whenever a specific reference is needed. 4. Form of the Entry. In addition to the Master Record Identifier (MRID), each entry consists of a bibliographic citation containing standard elements followed, in the case of materials submitted to EPA, by a description of the earliest known submission. The bibliographic conventions used reflect the standards of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), expanded to provide for certain special needs. Some explanatory notes of specific elements follow: 75 ------- a. Author. Whenever the Agency could confidently identify one, the Agency has chosen to show a personal author. When no individual was identified, the Agency has shown an identifiable laboratory or testing facility as author. As a last resort, the Agency has shown the first known submitter as author. b. Document Date. When the date appears as four digits with no question marks, the Agency took it directly from the document. When a four-digit date is followed by a question mark, the bibliographer deduced the date from evidence in the document. When the date appears as (19??), the Agency was unable to determine or estimate the date of the document. c. Title. This is the third element in the citation. In some cases it has been necessary for Agency bibliographers to create or enhance a document title. Any such editorial insertions are contained between square brackets. d. Trailing Parentheses. For studies submitted to us in the past, the trailing parentheses include (in addition to any self-explanatory text) the following elements describing the earliest known submissions: (1) Submission Date. Immediately following the word 'received1 appears the date of the earliest known submission, at the time that particular document was processed into the Pesticide Document Management System. (2) Administrative Number. The next element, immediately following the word 'under', is the registration number, experimental permit number, petition number, or other administrative number associated with the earliest known submission, at the time that particular document was processed into the Pesticide Document Management System. (3) Submitter. The third element is the submitter, following the phrase 'submitted by'. When authorship is defaulted to the submitter, this element is omitted. (4) Volume Identification. The final element in the trailing parenthesis identifies the EPA accession number of the volume in which the original submission of the study appears. The six- digit accession number follows the symbol 'CDL1, standing for "Company Data Library". This accession number is in turn followed by an alphabetic suffix which shows the relative 76 ------- position of the study within the volume. For example, within accession number 123456, the first study would be 123456-A; the second, 123456-B; the 26th, 123456-Z; and the 27th,123456-AA. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base Supporting Registrations Under the Standard 000006409 Ambrosi, D.; Buys, M.; Desmoras, J.; Laurent, M.; Sasmayoux, ?; Savary, ? (1974) Insecticides: Degradation of Phosalone (RP 11974) under Ultra-Violet Light: S.U.C.R.P.—D.S.Ph./ D.S.An. Nord No. 17761. (English translation; unpublished study received Mar 24, 1975 under 3F1337; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093574-Q) 000006664 Ambrosi, D.; Desmoras, J.; Blanchard, ?; Leteve, ?; Savary, ? (1977) Insecticides: Phosalone: Study on Persistence of Re- labelled Phosalone in Soil: Rotational Crops: R.P./R.D./ C.N.G. No. 19040. (Unpublished study received May 10, 1977 under 359-620; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone- Poulenc, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:229759-D) 000006666 Ambrosi, D.; Desmoras, J.; Blanchard, ?; Savary, ? (1977) Phosa- lone: Photodegradation in Soil: R.P./R.D./C.N.G. No. 19046. In- cludes undated method. (Unpublished study received May 10, 1977 under 359-620; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone- Poulenc, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:229759-F) 000006667 Ambrosi, D.; Desmoras, J.; Huguet, ? (1976) Insecticides: Phosa- lone: Effects on Soil Microorganisms: R.P./R.D./ C.N.G. No. 18787. (Unpublished study received May 10, 1977 un- der 359-620; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone- Poulenc, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:229759-H) 000006663 Ambrosi, D.; Desmoras, J.; Huguet, ?; Lingart, ?; Savary, ? (1976) Herbicides: Phosalone: Studies on Leaching in Different Soils: R.P./R.D./C.N.G. No. 18752. (Unpublished study received May 10, 1977 under 359-620; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junc- tion, N.J.; CDL:229759-C) 000006125 Ambrosi, D.; Desmoras, J.; Savary, M. (1974) Phosalone: Transloca- tion Study in Potato Plants Using 14C-Labelled Phosalone: S.U.C.R.P.—D.S.Ph. No. 17416. (Unpublished study received Feb 12, 1974 under 4E1468; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Interregional Research Project No. 4, New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093909-C) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base Supporting Registrations Under the Standard 005008305 Ambrosi, D.; Isensee, A.R.; Macchia, J.A. (1978) Distribution of oxadiazon and phosalone in an aquatic model ecosystem. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 26(1):50-53. 005009356 Ambrosi, D.; Kearney, P.C.; Macchia, J.A. (1977) Persistence and metabolism of phosalone in soil. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 25(2):342-347. • 000006652 Atkins, E.L.; Greywood, E.A.; Macdonald, R.L. (1973) Toxicity of Pesticides and Other Agricultural Chemicals to Honey Bees: Laboratory Studies. Rev. By Univ. of California, Dept. of Entomology. Riverside, Calif.: U.C. (Agricultural Extension M-16; also In unpublished submission received Nov 17, 1975 un- der 359-620; submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junc- tion, -N.J.; CDL:223344-A) 000006654 Atkins, E.L., Jr.; Anderson, L.D. (1967) Toxicity of Pesticides and Other Agricultural Chemicals to Honey Bees: Laboratory Studies. Rev. By"Univ. of California, Dept of Entomology. Riverside, Calif.: U.C. (Agricultural Extension M-16; also In unpublished submission received Nov 17, 1975 under 359-620; suEmitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:223344-D) 000006653 Atkins, E.L., Jr.; Anderson, L.D.; Nakakihara, H.; Greywood, E.A. (1970) Toxicity of Pesticides and Other Agricultural Chemicals to Honey Bees: Laboratory Studies. Rev. By Univ. of Califor- nia, Dept. of Entomology. Riverside, Calif.: U.C. (Agricul- tural Extension M-16; also _In unpublished submission received Nov 17, 1975 under 359-620; submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:223344-B) 000006109 Barrows, M.E. (1975) Kinectics [sic] of 14C-Phosalone in a Model Aquatic Ecosystem. (Unpublished study received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; prepared by EG&G, Bionomics, submitted by Rhodia, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:095979-H) 000006981 Bellies, R.P. (1966) Phosalone (R.P. 11974): Safety Evaluation by Acute Inhalation Exposure of Rats. (Unpublished study received Dec 15, 1966 under 7G0575; prepared by Woodard Research Corp., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090729-C) GS0027020 Benezet, F.; Cartier;, J.R. (1978) Phosalone (11,974 R.P.)- Mutagenicity Study on Salmonella typhimurium. R.P./R.D./C.N.G. Report No. 19 234 E. (Unpublished transaltion of study received Dec 4, 1980 under 6F1753; submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, NJ; CDL:099788) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base Supporting Registrations Under the Standard 005005128 Brun, G.L.; Surette, D.; Mallet, V. (1973) A new method for the detection of organophosphorus pesticides by in situ fluorometry on thin-layer chromatograms. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry 3(1):61-71. 000014256 Ciarletta, J.A.; Smith, R.L.; Sleesman, J. (1975) Moni- tor (R): Efficacy, Phytotoxicity and Yield Effects on Peppers. (Unpublished study including report nos. 31525, 31659, 31726, 31735, 32153, 36254, 36258, 36259, 36337, 36342, 36345, 36346, 39118, 39140, 39799, 40064, 40729, 40946, 41098, 42715, 42880, 42916, 43225, 43379 and 44930, received Aug 24, 1978 under 3125- 280; submitted by Mobay Chemical Corp., Agricultural Div., Kansas City, Mo.; CDL:097315-A) 000006977 Collins, R.F.; Ings, R.M.J. (1967) Phosalone (11,974 R.P.): Metabo- lism and Residue Study in Rats (Preliminary Study with 14C-(2)- Phosalone): BIOCHEM/352. (Unpublished study received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; prepared by May & Baker, Ltd., submitted by Rhodia, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:098088-U) 000006978 Collins, R.F.; Roxburgh, J. (1967) Phosalone (11,974 R.P.): Studies of Levels in the Skin and Edible Tissues of Sheep: Gas-Liquid- Chromatography (G.L.C.) Determinations: BIOCHEM/353. (Unpub- lished study received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; prepared by May & Baker, Ltd., submitted by Rhodia, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:098088-V) 000006972 Craine, E.M. (1974) Disposition of Phosalone-14C in a Lactating Cow: Research Report No. EMC 74:17. (Unpublished study received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:098088-M) 000006973 Craine, E.M. (1974) Disposition of Phosalone-14C in a Lactating Cow: Research Report No. EMC 74:84. (Unpublished study received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:098088-N) 000006975 Craine, E.M. (1974) The Disposition of Phosalone-14C Applied to the Skin of a Pig: Research Report No. EMC 74:30. (Unpublished study received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:098088-P) 000006974 Craine, E.M. (1975) The Metabolism of Phosalone-14C in Dairy Cows: Research Report No. EMC 75:51. (Unpublished study received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., Monmouth Junc- tion, N.J.; CDL:098088-0) 005009345 Croft, B.A.; Nelson, E.E. (1972) Toxicity of apple orchard pesticides to Michigan populations of Amblyseius fallacis. Environmental Entomology 1(5):576-579. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base Supporting Registrations Under the Standard 005009346 Croft, B.A.; Stewart, P.G. (1973) Toxicity of one carbamate and six organophosphorus insecticides to O-P resistant strains of Typhlodromus occidentalis and Amblyseius fallacis. Environmental Entomology 2(3):486-488. 000006735 Crouch, R.V. (1970) Phosalone (11974 R.P.): Residue Studies on Tea (Green Leaf): Pakistan 1969: Report No. RG/758. (Unpublished study received Jun 8, 1973 under 3H5038; prepared by May & Baker, Ltd., submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:221773-H) 000006528 DeLay, D.L. (1968) Report No. PA 68-43. (Unpublished study re- ceived Feb 16, 1970 under OF0948; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:092026-H) 000006569 DeLay, D.L. (1969) Summary Report: District Project No. PA 69-15. (Unpublished study received Feb 16, 1970 under OF0948; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:092026-BB) 000006534 Delay, D.L. (1969) Summary Report: District Project No. PA 69-29. (Unpublished study received Feb 16, 1970 under OF0948; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:092026-Q) 000006069 Dennis, S. (1973) Phosalone—Dried Grape Pomace Data. Includes undated method. (Unpublished study including residue final re- port no. 170473-092, received Jul 26, 1974 under 5H5058; sub- mitted by Rhodia, Inc., Somerset, N.J.; CDL:221786-A) 005016979 Desmoras, J. (1965) Dosage biologique de la phosalone ou 11.974 R.P.: application a 1"etude de la degradation de la phosalone dans les plantes et le sol. [Biological determination of phosalone or 11,974 R.P.: application to the study of degradation of phosalone in plants and in the soil.] Mededelingen van de Landbouwhogeschool en de Opzoekingsstations van de Staat te Gent. [Communications of the Agricultural University and the State Research Station of Ghent.] 29(3):1221-1234. 000006770 Desmoras, J.; Ambrosi, D.; Savary, ? (1975) Phosalone: Degradation in Sterile and Non-Sterile Soil Using 14C-Labelled Phosalone: R.P./R.D./Biol—No.22. (Unpublished study received Mar 24, 1975 under 3F1337; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093574-J) 000006209 Desmoras, J.; Buys, M.; Laurent, L. (1973) Phosalone Residues in Tea: S.U.C.R.P.—D.S.Ph./D.S.An.Nord No. 17389. (Unpublished study received on unknown date under 3H5038; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:221773-A) ------- 000006715 OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base Supporting Registrations Under the Standard Desmoras, J.; Fournel, J.; Bredenbach, ?; Savary, ? (1968) Studies on Degradation of Phosalone in Mammals: R.P.—D.S.Ph. No. 12667. (Unpublished study received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091171-AK) 000006707 000006968 Desmoras, J.; Laurent, M.; Aublet, ?; Sasmayoux, ?; Savary, ? (1968) Phosalone: Determination of Phosalone, 12244 R.P. and 20650 R.P. in Fruit from the U.S.A.: R.P.—D.S.Ph./D.S.An.Nord No. 12850. (Unpublished study received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091171-1) Desmoras, J.; Laurent, M.; Buys, M. (19??) Phosalone. Pages 385- 397, T_n Analytical Methods for Pesticides and Plant Growth Regu- lators—Thin Layer and Liquid Chromatography and Analyses of Pesticides of International Importance: Volume VII. Edited by G. Zweig. New York: Academic Press. (Also In unpublished sub- mission received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:098088-1) 000006791 Desmoras, J.; Laurent, M.; Sauli, M.; Terlain, B. (1968) Metabolism study of Phosalone in plants and soils. Phytiatrie-Phytopharma- cie 4:263-275. (Presented at the VI International Congress for the Protection of Plants, Vienna, 8-30-67 to 9-6-67; also _In unpublished submission received Jun 13, 1974 under 359- 620; submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:120351-C) 000006386 Desmoras, J.; Laurent, M.; Terlain, B.; Aublet, J.C.; Sasmayoux, J.C.; Savary, M. (1966) Study of the Metabolism of Phosalone (11974 R.P.) in Plants: R.P.—D.S.Ph. No. 11686. (Unpublished study received Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090727-E) 000006203 Donoso, J.; Woodard, M.W.; Woodard, G. (1967) Phosalone: Safety Evaluation by Repeated Oral Administration to Dogs for 107 Weeks. (Unpublished study received Oct 17, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Woodard Research Corp., submitted by Chipman Chemi- cal Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090731-A) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base Supporting Registrations Under the Standard 000006643 Dubost, P.; Fournel, J.; Ganter, P.; Julou, L.; Koenig, F.; Myon, J.; Bredenbac, J.; Lemoine, F. (1963) Acute Toxicity, Local Tol- erance, Anticholinesterase Activity and Chronic Toxicity in Rats and Dogs: R.P.—D.S.Ph. 9203. (English translation; unpublished study received 1965 under 359-EX-46; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:123396-D) 005015711 Eckenrode, C.J.; Robbins, P.S.; Webb, D.R. (1975) 1974 Insecticide Research Report on Cabbage Maggot, Seedcorn Maggot, Aphids on Lettuce, and Phytotoxicity in Cucumbers. Geneva, N.Y.: New York State Agricultural Experiment Station. (New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, plant sciences: entomology (Geneva), no. 9; New York's food and life sciences bulletin no. 56) 005013895 FAO Working Party of Experts on Pesticide Residues (1973) Phosalone. Pages 493-520, In 1972 Evaluations of Some Pesticide Residues in Food. By the Joint Meeting of the FAO Working Party of Experts on Pesticide Residues and the WHO Expert Committee on Pesticide Residues. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. (WHO pesticide residues series no. 2) 000006684 Fournel, J.; Ganter, P.; Julou, L.; Populaire, P.; Myon, J.; Pascal, S.; Pasquet, J. (1966) Phosalone (11974 R.P.): Toxicity after 6 Months Administration to Dogs: R.P.—D.S.Ph. No. 11410. (Unpublished study received Dec 12, 1966 under 7G0575; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090728-C) 000006716 Fournel, J.; Julou, L.; Pasquet, J.; Bredenbac, J. (1968) 12244 R.P.: Acute Toxicity in Mice and Rats and in Vivo Anti-Choli- nesterase Activity in Rats: R.P.—D.S.Ph. No. 12663. (Unpub- lished study received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Chip- man Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091171-AL) 005018633 Freed, V.H.; Chiou, C.T.; Schmedding, D.; Kohnert, R. (1979) Some physical factors in toxicological assessment tests. Environmental Health Perspectives 30:75-80. GS0027019 Goldenthal, E.I.; Jessup, D.C.; Rodwell, D.E. (1978) Dominant Lethal Study in Mice. (Unpublished study received Dec 12, 1980 under 6F1753; prepared by International Research and Development Corp., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Juntion, NJ; CDL:099788) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base Supporting Registrations Under the Standard 000006657 Grahame, R.E., Jr. (1967) The Conparative Toxicity of Selected Organic Phosphate and Carbamate Insecticides to the Honey Bee. Master's thesis, Univ. of Massachusetts. (Unpublished study re- ceived Nov 17, 1975 under 359-620; submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:223344-K) 000006383 Guardigli, A. (1964) Chemical Determination of R-P-11974 (Phosa- lone) for Crop Residues. Method no. 54 dated Oct 2, 1964. (Un- published study received Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090727-A) 000006389 Guardigli, A. (1964) Laboratory Analytical Data Sheet for Residues of R.P. 11974: Phosalone. (Unpublished study received Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chip- man Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090727-H) 000006769 Guardigli, A. (1964) Laboratory Analytical Data Sheet for Residues: Field Test Project No. BB 64-26. (Unpublished study received Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090727-L) 000006388 Guardigli, A. (1965) Residue Summary Sheet: [Phosalone]. (Unpub- lished study including project nos. BB 10-64-12, BB 12-64-20, BB 64-26, BB 65-18, BB 65-27, BB 65-47, BB 65-49, BB 65-127, C 64-12, C 65-17, C 65-30 and Port 65-47, received Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090727-G) 000006391 Guardigli, A. (1966) Laboratory Analytical Data Sheet for Residues: Field Test Project No. BB 66-126. (Unpublished study received Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Rhoda, Inc., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090727-J) 000006714 Guardigli, A. (1966) Laboratory Raw Analytical Data. (Unpublished study including letter dated Feb 9, 1965 from L. Farber to L. Reed and test nos. BB-64-26, BB-65-125, C-64-12, C-65-27, Port- 65-66 and Port 66-12, received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; pre- pared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091171-AD) 000006392 Guardigli, A. (1966) Residue Summary Sheet: [Phosalone]. (Unpub- lished study including project nos. BB 64-26, BB 65-125, C 64- 12, C 65-27, Port 65-66 and Port 66-12, received Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090727-K) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base Supporting Registrations Under the Standard 000006390 Guardigli, A. (1966) Residue Summary Sheet: [Phosalone]. (Unpub- lished study including project nos. C-64-12 and BB-65-63, re- ceived Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., sub- mitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL: 090727-1) 000006395 Guardigli, A. (1966) Residue Summary Sheet: [Phosalone]. (Unpub- lished study including project nos. C 64-16, C 65-44, BB 65-42 and BB 65-51, received Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlin- game, Calif.; CDL:090727-0) 000006129 Guardigli, A. (1967) Analytical Procedure for Phosalone Residue Determination in Milk and Animal Tissues by Electron Capture Chromatography. Method no. 54-C dated Aug 14, 1967. (Unpub- lished study received Oct 17, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlin- game, Calif.; CDL:090733-B) 000006713 Guardigli, A. (1967) Laboratory Raw Analytical Data. (Unpublished study including letter dated Mar 2, 1965 from L. Farber to L. Reed and field test project nos. BB-65-63, BB-67-100, C 64-12, and PA 67-28, received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091171-Z) 000006703 Guardigli, A. (1968) Determination of RP 11974 (Phosalone) for Crop Residue by Electron Capture Chromatography. Rev. Method no. 54-A dated Mar 20, 1968. (Unpublished study received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chip- man Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091171-D) GS0027014 Guardigli, A. (1968) [Phosalone residue analyses on citrus and nut crops. (Unpublished study received Apr 19, 1968 under OF0948 Part D; submitted by Rhodia, Inc.) GS0027015 Guardigli, A. (1968) [Phosalone residue analyses on citrus and nut crops.] (Unpublished study received Apr 19, 1968 (PA66-63) and Sep 26, 1969 (PA66-73) under OF0948; submitted by Rhodia, Inc.) GS0027016 Guardigli, A. (1968) [Phosalone residue analyses on citrus and nut crops.] (Unpublished study received Apr 19, 1968 (PAS66-57), Oct 10, 1969 (PA69-19), Oct 6, 1969 (PA69-19), Feb 6, 1970 (PA19- 19), Jan 22, 1970 (PA69-19), Oct 6, 1969 (PA69-19 Decline Series), and Dec 15, 1969(Westlake Report, University of California at Riverside) under OF0948; submitted by Rhodia, Inc.) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base Supporting Registrations Under the Standard GS0027010 Guardigli, A. (1968) Rhodia Analytical Method No. 54-D. Quantitative Determination of Phosalone by GLC and Semi- Quantitative Determination of RP 1224 (Phosalone Oxygen Analog) in Crop Extracts by Thin Layer Chromatography. [Unpublished report based on Rhone-Poulenc D.S. Ph. No. 12773.] foliage. Bull. Environm. Contam. Toxicol. 24: 796-804. 000006711 Guardigli, ^A. (1968) Results of Tests on the Amount of Residue Re- maining. (Unpublished study including letters dated Dec 9, 1964, Jan 21, 1965 and Oct 1, 1965 from L. Farber to L. Reed and field test nos. BB-10-64-12, BB-64-10, BB-64-26, BB-65-47, BB-65-49, BB-65-127, C-64-12, C-65-17; C-65-30, C-66-32, C-66-33, PA-66-32, PA-67-58 and Port-65-47, received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chip- man Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091171-N) 000006170 Guardigli, A. (1968) Specific Analytical Method for Phosalone Liquid Formulations (Zolone E.G.): Determination by Gas Liquid Chromatography. Method no. 54-A dated May 1968. (Unpub- lished study received Jan 16, 1969 under 359-620; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junc- tion, N.J.; CDL:124065-A) 000006640 Guardigli, A. (1969) Determination of RP 11974 (Phosalone) in Wet- table Powder Formulation. Method no. 54-A 2 dated Dec 1969. (Unpublished study received Dec 22, 1969 under 359-626; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:003174-AF) 000006762 Guardigli, A. (1971) Method of Analysis of Phosalone and Its Oxygen Analog (RP 12244) in Animal Tissues by TLC. Method no. 54-C 1 dated Jun 1, 1971. (Unpublished study received Jun 26, 1972 under OF0983; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:091691-1) 000006068 Guardigli, A. (1972) Phosalone Transfer in Fruits Processing: Possible Residue in Raw Apple Juice and Dry Apple Pomace: Labo- ratory Experiments. (Unpublished study received Feb 16, 1972 under 2H5013; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:221747-C) 000006105 Guardigli, A. (1973) Electron Capture Gas Liquid Chromatography Determination of Phosalone and Its Oxygen Analog in the Milk and Tissues of Dairy Cattle. Revised Method 54-C dated Apr 1973. (Unpublished study received May 15, 1973 under 2F1193; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093518-AC) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base Supporting Registrations Under the Standard 000006971 Guardigli, A. (1973) Residue Studies in the Milk and Tissues of Dairy Cows Fed Phosalone. (Unpublished study received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., Monniouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:098088-L) 005008180 Guardigli, A.; Chow, W.; Martwinski, P.M.; Lefar, M.S. (1971) Determination of phosalone and its oxygen analog in citrus crops. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 19(4):742-744. 000006783 Guardigli, A.; Martwinski, P. (1969) Phosalone Residues on Apples Treated with Zolone 25% Wettable Powder at Several Application Rates. (Unpublished study including field test project nos. AT 69.16-AT 69.17, BB 68-66, BB 69.7-BB 69.9, Port 68-12 and Port 69-56, received Dec 22, 1969 under 359-626; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:003174-W) 000006358 Guardigli, A.; Martwinski, P. (1970) Results of Almond Residue Tests: Part D. (Unpublished study including field test project nos. PAW 69-5, PAW 69-6, PAW 69-9, PAW 69-13, PAW 69-18 and PAW 68-18, received Jun 26, 1972 under OF0983; submitted by Phodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:091691-J) 000006511 Guardigli, A.; Martwinski, P. (1970) Results of Residue Tests. (Unpublished study including report nos. AT 69-14, AT 69-20, AT 69-22, AT 69-47, PA 67-45, PA 68-50, PA 69-29, PAS 67-77, PAW 69-2 and PAW 69-7, received Mar 12, 1970 under OF0948; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:091617-B) 000006480 Guardigli, A.; Martwinski, P. (1971) Residue Data: [Zolone]. (Un- published study including field test project nos. BB 65-63, BB 68-91, PA 68-46, PA 70-25/25A, PA 70-26, PA 70-27/27A and PAW 70-29, received Nov 18, 1971 under 359-626; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:003175-X) 000006576 Guardigli, A.; Martwinski, P. (1972) Phosalone—Potato Petition: Residue Summary—Potatoes. (Unpublished study including field test project nos. AT 71-15, BB 68-87, BB 68-94, BB 69-60, C 66- 41, CH 71-61, CH 71-84, CH 71-103, FW 71-52 and Port 71-30, received May 25, 1973 under 3F1337; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093575-E) 000006083 Guardigli, A.; Melkesian, B. (1968) Detection of Metabolites in Grapes Sprayed with Excessive Amounts of Phosalone (PA-68-30). (Unpublished study received Sep 12, 1968 under 9F0759; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:091306-AC) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base Supporting Registrations Under the Standard 000006084 Guardigli, A.; Rock, G. (1968) Detection of the Oxygen Analog (RP 12244) in Apples (AT-68-10). (Unpublished study received Sep 12, 1968 under 9F0759; prepared in cooperation with North Carolina State Univ., submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:091306-AD) 000006678 Guardigli, A.; Taschenberg, E.F.; Stafford, E.M. (1967) Laboratory Analytical Data Sheet for Residues: Field Test Project No. BB 67-100. (Unpublished study including field test project no. PA 67-25, received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091170-F) 000006964 Henckler, P. (1973) Project Number 170473-008. (Unpublished study including letter dated Nov 6, 1973 from D.I. Wang to C.C. Comp- ton, received Oct 18, 1973 under 3E1401; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Interregional Research Project No. 4, New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:098195-A) 000006107 Henckler, P. (1973) Specific Analytical Method for Technical Phosa- lone and Its Formulations: Liquid and Wettable Powders. Method no. 124 dated Nov 1973. (Unpublished study received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:095979-D) 000006483 Henckler, P.M.; Dennis, S. (1973) Residue Summary: Apricots. (Un- published study including residue final report nos. 170473-042 and 170473-053, received Mar 29, 1974 under 359-620; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junc- tion, N.J.; CDL:028124-C) 000006484 Henckler, P.M.; Dennis, S.; Collins, R. (1973) Residue Summary: Cherries. (Unpublished study including residue final report nos. 170473-041 (A), 170473-041. (B) and 213673-013, received Mar 29, 1974 under 359-620; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:028124-D) 000006485 Henckler, P.M.; Rice, R. (1973) Residue Summary: Nectarines: Pro- ject No. 180473-032. (Unpublished study received Mar 29, 1974 under 359-620; prepared by Rhodia, Inc. in cooperation with Univ. of California, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:028124-E) 000006487 Henckler, P.M.; Rice, R. (1973) Residue Summary: Plums: Project No. 180473-033. (Unpublished study received Mar 29, 1974 under 359-620; prepared by Rhodia, Inc. in cooperation with Univ. of California, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:028124-G) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base Supporting Registrations Under the Standard 000006486 Henckler, P.M.; Taylor, J.C.; Corner, G.; Dennis, S. (1973) Residue Summary: Peaches. (Unpublished study including residue final report nos. ARK 72-77, 123973-023 and 170473-072, received Mar 29, 1974 under 359-620; prepared by Rhodia, Inc. in cooperation with Louisiana State Univ. and Clernson Univ., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:028124-F) 000006689 Horn, H.J.; Woodard, M.W.; Woodard, G. (1965) Phosalone R.P. 11974: Acute Dermal Toxicity for Rabbits. (Unpublished study received Dec 15, 1966 under 7G0575; prepared by Woodard Research Corp., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090729-D) 000006690 Horn, H.J.; Woodard, M.W.; Woodard, G. (1965) Phosalone R.P. 11974: Acute Eye Irritation in Rabbits. (Unpublished study received Dec 15, 1966 under 7G0575; prepared by Woodard Research Corp., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090729-E) 005006342 Ishitani, A.; Yukimoto, M.; Yoshida, K. (1975) Nogaku no kakushusakubutsu ni taisuru yakugai ni tsuite: II. Yuki rinkei satchuzai. [Phytotoxicities of agricultural chemicals to crops: II. Organophosphorus insecticides.] Noyaku Kensasho Hokoku. [Bulletin of the Agricultural Chemicals Inspection Station.] (15):92-97. 000006204 Jones, M.E. ; Post, K.F..; Scott, W.J.; Woodard, M.W. ; Woodard, G. (1967) Phosalone: Three-Generation Reproduction Study in the Rat. (Unpublished study received Oct 17, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Woodard Research Corp., submitted by Chipman Chemi- cal Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090732-A) 000006205 Jones, M.E.; Woodard, M.W.; Imming, R.J.; Woodard, G. (1967) Phos- alone Followed by a Determination of Potentiation Activity with the Compound Di-Syston. (Unpublished study received Oct 17, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Woodard Research Corp., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090734-A) 005020178 Karg, W. (1978) Untersuchungen zur Selektivitaet von Pflanzenschutzmitteln im Hinblick auf nuetsliche, Spinnmilben vertilgende Raubmilben im Obsthau. [Investigation on thhe selectivity of plant protection chemicals with regard to beneficial predatory mites destroying spider mites in orchards.] Archiv fuer Phytopatholigie und Pflanzenschutx 14(1):41-55, 005008254 Khera, K.S.; Whalen, C.; Angers, G.; Trivett, G. (1979) Assessment of the teratogenic potential of piperonyl butoxide, biphenyl, and phosalone in the rat. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 47(2):353-358. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base Supporting Registrations Under the Standard 005014548 Klisenko, M.A.; Pis'mennaya, M.V. (1973) Vliyanie UF-sveta na stabil'nost1 dialkilditiofosfororganicheskii pestitsidov. [The effect of ultraviolet light on the stability of dialkyldithioorganophosphorus pesticides.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 11(12):916-918. GS0027027 Knaak, J.B. (1980) Minimizing occupational exposure to pesticides: Techniques for estimating safe levels of foliar residues. Pages 81-96, In Residue Reviews, Volume 75. By F.A and J.D. Gunther, editors. New York: Springer-Verlag New York Inc. 005008190 Knaak, J.B.; Maddy, K.T.; Gallo, M.A.; Lillie, D.T.; Craine, E.M.; Serat, W.F. (1978) Worker reentry study involving phosalone application to citrus groves. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 46(2):363-374. 005003635 Knaak, J.B.; Peoples, S.A.; Jackson, T.J.; Fredrickson, A.S.; Enos, R.; Maddy, K.T.; Blair Bailey, J.; Duesch, M.E.; Gunther, F.A.; Winterlin, W.L. (1978) Reentry problems involving the use of dialifor on grapes in the San Joaquin Valley of California. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 7(4):465-481. 000006938 Knobel, H.; Rock, G. (1969) Summary Report: District Project No. AT 69-16. (Unpublished study received Dec 22, 1969 under 359-626; prepared in cooperation with North Carolina State Univ., Dept. of Entomology, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junc- tion, N.J.; CDL:003174-R) 000006939 Knobel, H.; Rock, G. (1969) Summary Report: District Project No. AT 69-17. (Unpublished study received Dec 22, 1969 under 359-626; prepared in cooperation with North Carolina State Univ., Dept. of Entomology, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junc- tion, N.J.; CDL:003174-S) 005014688 Kovaleva, E.S.; Talanov, G.A. (1977) Absorptsiya TKhM-3 i fozalona iz pochvy i ikh migratsiya v rasteniya. [Trichlorometaphos-3 and phosalone absorption from the soil and their migration into plants.] Gigiena i Sanitariya. [Hygiene and Sanitation.] 42(12):87-88. 000006067 Laurent, ?; Buys, ?; Aublet, ?; Bottreau, ? (1975) Phosalone: Solubility and Stability in Water: R.P./R.D./C.N.G.—An No. 2793. (English translation; unpublished study received Sep 29, 1975 under 359-620; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:094857-A) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base Supporting Registrations Under the Standard 000006645 Laurent, M. (1964) Methods of Identification and Estimation of Phosalone. Three methods dated Oct 7, 1963. (English transla- tion; unpublished study received 1965 under 359-EX-46; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:123396-F) 000006700 Laurent, M.; Aublet, J.C.; Sasmayoux, J.C. (1967) Phosalone: Method of Determination of Phosalone Residues in Plants by Gas-Liquid Chromatography: R.P.—D.S.Ph. No. 11791. Method dated Feb 3, 1967. (Unpublished study received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, sub- mitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL: 091171-A) 000006665 Laurent, M.; Buys, M.; Chabassol, Y.; Sauli, M.; Brunie, B. ; Ray- naud, L.; DePaire, H.; Snozzi, C.; Kretz, M.; Bisch, D. (1977) Phosalone (11974 R.P.): Photodegradation in the Water-Dissolved State: R.P./R.D./C.N.G.-An—Report No. 3131. (Unpublished study received May 10, 1977 under 359-620; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:229759-E) 000006708 Laurent, M.; Buys, M.; Sasmayoux, J.C. (1968) Phosalone: G.L.C. De- termination of Phosalone and 12244 R.P. in Apples and in Grape Extracts from the U.S.A.: D.S.Ph./D.S.An.Nord No. 12864. (Un- published study received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Chip- man Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091171-J) 000006698 Laurent, M.; Terlain, B.; Vertalier, S. (1965) Phosalone (RP 11974): Stability of the Bulk Product; (Control 64-R-1921): R.P.—D.S.An. Nord—No. 151. Includes two methods dated Dec 3, 1964. (English translation; unpublished study received Dec 15, 1966 under 7G0575; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Bur- lingame, Calif.; CDL:090729-N) 005007745 Leffingwell, J.T.; Spear, R.C.; Jenkins, D. (1975) The persistence of ethion and Zolone residues on grape foliage in the Central Valley of California. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 3(1):40-54. 005007744 Leffingwell, J.T.; Turner, E.R.; Futagaki, S.; Spear, R.C. (1977) A field survey of dislodgeable Zolone residues in twelve commercially treated vineyards. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 18(2):219-226. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base Supporting Registrations Under the Standard 000006430 Lillie, D.T. (1972) Final Report: District Project No. F 72-57. (Unpublished study received Mar 16, 1973 under 359-620; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Momnouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:008914-B) 000006747 Lillie, D.T.; Carman, G. (1971) Final Report: District Project No. FD 71-91. (Unpublished study received on unknown date under 2F1193; prepared in cooperation with Univ. of California—River- side, submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL: 093518-G) 000006748 Lillie, D.T.; Carman, G. (1971) Final Report: District Project No. FD 71-92. (Unpublished study received on unknown date under 2F1193; prepared by Univ. of California—Riverside, submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093518-H) 005001833 Maddy, K.T. (1976) Current considerations on the relative importance of conducting additional studies on hazards of field worker exposure to pesticide residues as compared to studying other occupational safety hazards on the farm. Pages 125- 142,@In@Pesticide Residue Hazards to Farm Workers—Proceedings of a Workshop; Feb 9-10, 1976, Salt Lake City, Utah. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. (HEW publication no. (NIOSH) 76-191) 005011351 Makarova, S.V.; Bel'skaya, G.; Soboleva, D.A. (1972) Analiz ftalofosa i benzofosfata iodometricheskim metodom. [Analysis of phthalophos and benzophosphate by an iodometric titration method.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 10(5):361-362. 000006976 McGinnis, C.H., Jr. (1974) The Effect of Dietary Phosalone on Body Weight, Feed Consumption, Reproduction and the Production of Phosalone Residues in Body Tissues and Eggs of Single Comb White Leghorn Chickens: Research Report No. CHM 74:121. (Unpublished study received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:098088-Q) 005016356 Nalbandyan, R.A. (1975) 0 vozmozhnosti proniknoveniya nekotorykh pestitsidov v yagody vinograda. [The possibility of penetration of some pesticides into grapes.] Vinodelie i Vinogradarstvo SSSR. [Winemaking and Viticulture in the USSR. (6):42-43. 005005773 Nelson, E.E.; Croft, B.A.; Howitt, A.J.; Jones, A.L. (1973) Toxicity of apple orchard pesticides to Agistemus fleschneri. Environmental Entomology 2(2):219-222. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base Supporting Registrations Under the Standard 000006111 Noel, P.R.B.; Rivett, K.F.; Osborne, B.E.; Street, A.E. (1970) Phosalone: Dietary Intake in Beagle Dogs for Four Weeks: Report No. 3619/70/431. (Unpublished study received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; prepared by Huntingdon Research Centre for May & Baker, Ltd., submitted by Rhodia, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:095979-M) 000006110 Pasquet, J.; Buisson, M. (1969) Etude de L'Activite Teratogene de la Phosalone (11974 R.P.) sur L'Embryon de Poulet et sur la Lapine: R.P.—D.S.Ph. No. 13447. [Study of Teratological Acti- vity of Phosalone (RP 11974) on Chicken Embryos and Rabbits.] (Unpublished study including English translation, received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Rhodia, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:095979-L) 005007746 Pasquet, J.; Mazuret, A.; Fournel, J.; Koenig, F.H. (1976) Acute oral and percutaneous toxicity of phosalone in the rat, in comparison with azinphosmethyl and parathion. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 37(1):85-92. 005005243 Popendorf, W.J.; Spear, R.C.; Leffingwell, J.T.; Yager, J.; Kahn, E. (1979) Harvester exposure to Zolone (phosalone) residues in peach orchards. Journal of Occupational Medicine 21(3):189-194. 000006792 Posner, S. (1971) Cow-Feeding Study with Phosalone (Technical) Insecticide (Dairy Cattle)—Biological Phase. (Unpublished study including letter dated Jul 26, 1971 from L.C. Brown to Lee E. TerBush, received Jun 13, 1974 under 359-620; prepared by Biometric Testing, Inc. for Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Rhone- Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:120351-T) 000006761 Posner, S. (1971) Cow-Feeding Study with Phosalone (Technical) Insecticide (Dairy Cattle)—Biological Phase. (Unpublished study including project no. 49-181, received Jun 26, 1972 under OF0983; prepared in cooperation with Biometric Testing, Inc., submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:091691-C) 000006479 Preiser, F.A.; Taschenberg, E.F. (1968) Report No. BB 68-91. (Un- published study received Nov 18, 1971 under 359-626; prepared in cooperation with Cornell Univ., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:003175-T) GS0027025 Rhodia, Incorporated, Chipman Division (?) [Dates of application and graphs of residue data for apricots, cherries, nectarines, peaches, and plums/prunes.] (Unpublished study received ? under 1F1155) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base Supporting Registrations Under the Standard 000006120 Rhodia, Incorporated (19??) Phosalone in Dairy Cattle Tissue: Sum- mary. (Unpublished study received May 6, 1970 under OF0983; CDL:093292-G) 000006113 Rhodia, Incorporated (19??) Technical Data Bulletin: Zolone: In- secticide annd Miticide. (Unpublished study received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; CDL:095979-O) 000006651 Rhodia, Incorporated (19??) Technical Data Sheet—Zolone: Insecti- cide and Miticide. (Unpublished study received Mar 4, 1974 un- der 359-EX-52; submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junc- tion, N.J.; CDL:123398-A) 000006712 Rhodia, Incorporation (1967) Field and Analytical Data: Phosalone Residues in Apples—Ontario, Canada—1967. (Unpublished study received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; submitted by Chipman CHemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091171-x) 000006717 Rhodia, Incorporated (1967) Phosalone Feeding Test. (Unpublished study received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; prepared in coopera- tion with Woodard Research Corp., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091171-AM) 000006123 Rhodia, Incorporated (1967) Summary: Analysis of Phosalone (RP 11974) Residue in Tissues of Beef Cattle and Sheep. (Unpub- lished study received May 6, 1970 under OF0983; CDL:093292-J) 000006210 Rhodia, Incorporated (1971) Phosalone—Tea: Phosalone Residue Stud- ies. (Unpublished study including letters dated Jul 19, 1972 from J. Metivier and P. Petrinko to Tea Research Association and Aug 1, 1972 from B. Banerjec to Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, received Jun 8, 1973 under 3H5038; prepared in cooperation with Tea Research Association and United Planters Association of Southern India; CDL:221773-B) 000006357 Rhodia, Incorporated (1972?) Phosalone Dried Apple Pomace Data. Includes undated method. (Unpublished study received Jun 26, 1972 under OF0983; prepared in cooperation with Cornell Univ., New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Dept. of Food Science and Technology; CDL:091691-A) 000006733 Rhodia, Incorporated (1972) Effect of Zolone EC on Stone Fruits; Phytotoxicity: Part 1. (Unpublished study including district project nos. F 72-62, F 72-63, Port 72-27, Port 72-32 and Port 72-41, received Mar 16, 1973 under 359-620; submitted by Rhone- Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:096444-A) 000006172 Rhone-Poulenc, Incorporated (1966) Chemical and Physical Proper- ties: [Phosalone]. (Unpublished study received Jul 7, 1966 under unknown admin, no.; CDL:127090-A) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base Supporting Registrations Under the Standard GS0027021 Rhone-Poulenc, Incorporated (1980) Lifetime Oncogenicity Study in Mice. (Unpublished study received Dec 4, 1980 under 6F1753; submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, NJ; CDL:099788) 000006697 Rivett, K.F.; Davies, V. (1966) Insecticides: Effect of Antidotes against Poisoning by Phosalone: R.P.—D.S.Ph.—No. 11412. (Un- published study received Dec 15, 1966 under 7G0575; prepared by May & Baker, Ltd. for Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone- Poulenc, submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090729-M) 005017962 Sauli, M., inventor; Rhone-Poulenc S.A., assignee (1975) Verfahren zur Herstellung von 3-0,O-Diaethyldithiophosphorylmethyl-6-chlorbenzoxazolon. 3-O,O-diethyldithiophosphorylmethyl-6-chloro-benzoxazolone.] German (Fed. Rep.) offenlegungsschrift 24 31 192. Jan 16. 5 p. Int. C1.2 C 07F 9-65. 000006688 Scott, W.J.; Bellies, R.P. (1965) Acute Oral Toxicity of a Phosa- lone (R.P. 11974) Formulation to Rats. (Unpublished study re- ceived Dec 15, 1966 under 7G0575; prepared by ftfcodard Research Corp., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090729-B) 000006794 Scott, W.J.; Bellies, R.P. (1965) Phosalone: Potentiation Studies in the Rat with Marketed Pesticides. (Unpublised study received Dec 15, 1966 under 7G0575; prepared by Woodard Research Corp., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090729-1) 000006243 Smyth, E.P.; Burkhart, D. ; McCollister, E.G. (1969) Final Report: District Project No. Port 69-19. (Unpublished study received Mar 26, 1971 under 1F1155; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Bruns- wick, N.J.; CDL:093474-L) 000006639 Smyth, E.P.; Hoyt, S. (1969) Summary Report: District Project No. Port 69-40. (Unpublished study received Dec 22, 1969 under 359-626; submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:003174-Q) 000006793 Smyth, E.P.; Johansen, C. (19??) Report No. Port 68-67. (Unpub- lished study received Jun 13, 1974 under 359-620; prepared in cooperation with Washington State Univ., submitted by Rhone- Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:120351-X) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base Supporting Registrations Under the Standard 000006283 Smyth, E.P.; Jones, S.C. (1970) Final Report: District Project No. Port 70-22. (Unpublished study received Mar 26, 1971 under 1F1155; prepared in cooperation with Oregon State Univ., Ento- mology Dept., submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093474-BD) 000006943 Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc (19??) [Infra-Red Spec- trum and Ultra-Violet Spectrum of Phosalone]. (Unpublished study received 1965 under 359-EX-46; submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:123396-C) 000006398 Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc (1966) Phosalone: Chro- ma tog raphical Analysis: R.P.—D.S.Ph. No. 11345. (Unpublished study received Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090727-S) 000006701 Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc (1968) Phosalone: Iden- tification of Phosalone in Plant Extracts: R.P.— D.S.Ph. No. 12642. Includes two methods dated Feb 20, 1968. (Unpublished study including R.P.—D.S.Ph. No. 13021, received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091171-B) 000006674 Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc (1968) 12244 R.P.: Oxygen Analog of Phosalone: Acute Oral Toxicity and Anticho- linesterasic Activity in Vitro: R.P.—D.S.Ph. No. 12644. (Un- published study received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091170-B) 000006675 Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc (1968) 20650 R.P.: The Final Metabolite of Phosalone in Plants: Synthesis, Identifica- tion, Toxicity, Possible Presence in Plants: R.P.— D.S.Ph. No. 12645. Includes method dated Feb 20, 1968. (Unpub- lished study received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091170-C) GS0028009 Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc (1973) Phosalone: Chromatography Test: Identification of Impurities. A translation of: Examen Chromatographique Identification des Impuretes. [S.U.C.R.P.-Document D.S. An. Nord No. 2340; Petition No. 6F1753] 000006738 Spencer, W.T.; Hofmaster, R.N. (1974) Final Report: District Project No. 314574-011. (Unpublished study received May 10, 1977 under 359-620; prepared by Rhodia, Inc. in cooperation with Virginia Truck and Ornamentals Research Station, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:229758-AY) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base Supporting Registrations Under the Standard 000006593 Szabo, J.; Sleesman, J.P. (1971) Zolone EC—Potatoes: Final Report No. CH 71-103. (Unpublished study received Dec 7, 1972 under 3F1337; prepared in cooperation with Ohio State Univ., Dept. of Entomology, submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:094849-E) 000006592 Szabo, J.; Wells, A. (1971) Zolone EC—Potatoes: Final Report No. CH 71-61. (Unpublished study received Dec 7, 1972 under 3F1337; prepared in cooperation with Michigan State Univ., sub- mitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:094849-D) 000006073 Totman, L.C.; Greenstein, E.T.; Woodard, M.W.; Woodward, G. (1967) Phosalone: Analysis of Residue in Milk of Dairy Cattle. (Unpub- lished study received Oct 16, 1967 under 9F0759; prepared by Woodard Research Corp., submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Bruns- wick, N.J.; CDL:093071-I) 000006071 Totman, L.C.; Imming, R.J.; Woodard, G. (1967) Phosalone: Analysis of Compound Residue in Tissues of Beef Cattle and Sheep. (Un- published study received Oct 16, 1967 under 9F0759; prepared by Woodard Research Corp., submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Bruns- wick, N.J.; CDL:093071-E) 000006668 United States of America Standards Institute (1967) Common Name for the Pest Control Chemical: 0,O-diethyl S-[(6-chloro-2-oxobenzo- xazolin-3-yl)methyl] phosphorodithioate: Phosalone. New York: USAS. (USAS K62.67-1967; also In unpublished submission re- ceived Dec 8, 1967 under 8F0668; submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:092961-A) GS0027006 United States Environmental Protection Agency (1972) Pharamcology Laboratory Toxicity Report-Screening. I.D. Number 100837. (Unpublished report concerning the acute oral toxicity of Zolone EC on rats; prepared by the Pharmacology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD) GS0027004 United States Environmental Protection Agency (1972) Pharmacology Laboratory Toxicity Report-Screening. I.D. Number 101099. [Unpublished report concerning the acute oral toxocity of Zolone EC to rats,-prepared by the Pharmacology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD] GS0027005 United States Environmental Protection Agency (1973) Pharmacology Laboratory Toxicity Report-Screening. I.D. Number 91855.(Unpublished report concerning the acute oral toxicity of Zolone WP on rats; prepared by the Pharmacology Laboratory, Beltsville,MD] ------- GS0027003 OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base Supporting Registrations Under the Standard United States Environmental Protection Agency (1976) Report of Analysis. Sample Number 120574. [Unpublished report concerning the acute oral toxicity of Zolone WP on rats; prepared by the Pharmacology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD] 000006289 Wang, D. (1970) Final Report: District Project No. PAW 70-20 and 20A. (Unpublished study received Mar 26, 1971 under 1F1155; submitted by Rhcdia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093474-BM) 000006477 Wang, D. (1970) Final Report: District Project No. PAW 70-29. (Unpublished study received Nov 18, 1971 under 359-626; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:003175-N) 000006114 Wang, D. (1970) Summary Report: District Project No. PAW 70-4c. (Unpublished study received Sep 2, 1970 under OF0983; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:091693-C) 000006115 Wang, D. (1970) Summary Report: District Project No. PAW 70-42. (Unpublished study received Sep 2, 1970 under OF0983; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:091693-D) 000006145 Wang, D. (1972) Final Report: District Project No. FW 72-25. (Un- published study received Mar 16, 1973 under 359-620; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junc- tion, N.J.; CDL:009830-C) 005013359 Watve, C.M.; Lienk, S.E. (1975) Responses of two phytoseiid mites to pesticides used in New York apple orchards. Environmental Entomology 4(5):797-800. 005014275 Watve, C.M.; Lienk, S.E. (1976) Toxicity of carbaryl and six organophosphorus insecticides to Arnblyseius fallacis and Typhlodromus pyri from New York apple orchards. Environmental Entomology 5(2):368-370. 005001343 Winterlin, W.; Kilgore, W. ; Mourer, C. ; Mull, R.; Walker, G. ; Knaak, J.; Maddy, K. (1978) Dislodgable residues of dialifor and phosalone and their oxygen analogs following a reported worker-injury incident in the San Joaquin Valley, California. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 20(2):255-260. 005009309 Winterlin, W.; Mourer, C.; Bailey, J.B. (1974) Degradation of four organophosphate insecticides in grape tissues. Pesticides Monitoring Journal 8(1):59-65. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Considered to be Part of the Data Base Supporting Registrations Under the Standard 000006695 Woodard, M.W. ; Cockrell, K.O.; Woodard, G. (1966) Phosalone: Demye- lination Study in Chickens. (Unpublished study received Dec 15, 1966 under 7G0575; prepared by Woodard Research Corp., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090729-K) 000006202 Woodard, M.W.; Howard, D.J.; Donsos, J.; Woodard, G. (1967) Phosalone: Safety Evaluation by Repeated Oral Administration to Rats for 103-104 Weeks. (Unpublishedstudy received Oct 17, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Woodard Research Corp., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090730-A) 000006677 Woodard, M.W.; Imming, R.J.; Thompson W.: Woodard, G. (1967) Phosalone: Safety Evaluation by Oral Administration to Calves for Ten Weeks. (Unpublished study received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; prepared by Woodard Research Corp., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co, Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091170-E) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005012117 Abdel-Salam, A.M.; Kaiery, E.; Abbasy, A.M.; Assem, M.A. (1972) Effects of granular insecticides on some pests of horse bean and peas as well as on plant growth and root nodulation. Zeitschrift fuer Angewandte Entomologie 70(4):408-413. 005013142 Abelentseva, G.M.; Sedykh, A.S. (1973) Fitotsidnost1 insektitsidov dlya vskhodov pshenitsy. [The phytocidal activity of insecticides toward wheat shoots.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 11(10):756-757. 005003855 Adams, R.G.; Prokopy, R.J. (1977) The ecology of the aphid predator, Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Cecidomyiidae: Diptera), and the effect of pesticides on its survival in apple orchards. Journal of the New York Entomological Society LXXXV(4):163. 005016357 Adeishvili, L.; Mamaladze, L. (1976) Pospororganuli pestitsidebis dashlis khangrdzlioba kurkovani khekhilis potolsa da nakopshi. in the leaves and fruit of pomaceous fruit trees.] Trudy Institute Zashchity Rastenii, Tiflis. [Transactions of the Institute of Plant Protection.] XXVIII:96-98. 005017295 Adeishvili, L.D.; Klisenko, M.A.; Pis'mennaya, M.V. (1976) Dinamika umen'sheniya ostatkov pestitsidov v plodakh. [Rate of pesticide residue reduction in fruits.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 14(11):43-44. 000006491 Alabaster, J.S. (1969) Survival of fish in 164 herbicides, insecti- cides, fungicides, wetting agents and miscellaneous substances. International Pest Control (Mar/Apr):29-35. (Also Iri un- published submission received Jun 13, 1974 under 359-620; sub- mitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL: 120351-L) 005013141 Aleksidze, G.N. (1969) Vliyaniya yadokhimikatov na koktsinellidy. Sadovodstvo Vinogradarstvo i Vinodelie Moldavii. 24(4):47-48. 005015605 Aleksidze, G.N. (1971) Gardabnis raionis khekhilis bagebshi gavrtselebuli koktsinelidebis sakheobata gamovlinebis da skhvadaskhva preparatis matze mokmedebis shestsavlis shedegebi. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005001130 005014555 005008184 005009830 000006655 000006490 005008183 005013289 Allen, P.G. (1971) Effects of some organic phosphorus and endosulfan seed dressings on wheat. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 11(52):556-558. Altay, M.; Gurkan, S. (1972) Effects of agricultural chemicals applied to vines during flowering stage, on pollination of varions of export grape varietis. Pages 176-177, _In Zirai Mucadele Arastirma Yilligi. [Plant Protection Research Annual.] Ankara, Turkey: Bolge Zirai Mucadele Arastirma Enstitusu. Ambrosi, D.; Helling, C.S. (1977) Leaching of oxadiazon and phosalone in soils. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 25(1):215-217. Ambrosi, D.; Kearney, P.C.; Macchia, J.A. (1976) Persistence and metabolism of phosalone in soil. Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society 172:106. Anderson, L.D.; Atkins, E.L., Jr. (1967) Toxicity of Pesticides and Other Agricultural Chemicals to Honey Bees: Field Study. By Univ. of California, Dept. of Entomology. Riverside, Calif.: U.C. (Agricultural Extension Service AXT-251; also In_ unpub- lished submission received Nov 17, 1975 under 359-620; submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:223344-E) Anderson, L.D.; Atkins, E.L., Jr.; Nakakihara, H.; Greywood, E.A. (1971) Toxicity of Pesticides and Other Agricultural Chemicals to Honey Bees: Field Study. Rev. Riverside, Calif.: Univ. of Calif., Agricultural Extension. (AXT-251; also In unpublished submission received Jun 13, 1974 under 359-620; "submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:120351-1) Anon. (1973) Coming: worker re-entry regulations. 136(2):54,56. Farm Chemicals Antonovich, E.A.; Vekshtein, M.S. (1975) Vliyanie razlichnykh vidov perera'otki produktov pitaniya na soderzhanie ostatochnykh kolichestv fosfororganicheskikh pestitsidov. [The effects of different ways of processing food produce on their content of organophosphorus pesticide residues.] Voprosy Pitaniya. [Problems of Nutrition.] (6):75-78. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005015386 Aoki, Y.; Takeda, M.; Uchiyama, M. (1976) Shokuhinchu no zanryunoyaku no bunseki ni kansuru kenkyn (dai 18-ho) gasukuromatoguratogurafi ni yoru yukirinnoyaku no keitobunsekiho narabi ni yukirinhoyaku no enkokodokeikenshukki ni taisuru kando ni oyobosu suiso oyobi kukirynsoku no eikyo. Systematic analysis of organophosphorus pesticides by gas chromatography and influence of the flow rate of hydrogen and air on their response to flame photometric detector.] Eisei Kagaku. [Journal of Hygienic Chemistry.] 22(2):81-90. 005013143 Arutyunova, E.V. (1977) Vliyanie antio i fozalona na razvitie yabloni. [The effect of antio and phosalone on the development of apple trees.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 15(3):45-46. 005007035 Arzone, A. (1975) Indagini e proposte su antiparassitari presentati come non dannosi all'entomofauna utile. harmless to useful insects.] Apicoltore Moderno 66(1):16-25. 005010424 Askew, J.; Ruzicka, J.H.; Wheals, B.B. (1968) Use of hydriodic acid in the detection of pesticides after thin-layer chromatography. Journal of Chromatography 37(2):369-372. 000009033 Asquith, D.; Colburn, R. (1973) 1973 Laboratory Evaluation of Vari- ous Pesticides on Stethorus punctum Adults. (Unpublished study received Mar 13, 1978 under CO 78/5; prepared by Pennsylvania State Univ., Fruit Research Laboratory, submitted by E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del.; CDL:236817-F) 005001682 'Asquith, D.; Hull, L.A. (1973) Stethorus punctum and pest-population responses to pesticide treatments on apple trees. Journal of Economic Entomology 66(5):1197-1203. 005013145 Babii, V.S.; Tsvetkova, A.G. (1972) Reaktsiya yabloni na raznye kontsentratsii pestitsidov pri maloob'emnom opryskivanii. [The reaction of apple trees to different pesticide concentrations in low volume spraying.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. 005012841 Bailey, J.B. (1972) The effects of pesticide residues on farm laborers. Agrichemical Age 15(10):6-8,10. 000006691 Bellies, R.P.; Knott, W.; Scott, W.J. (1965) Safety Evaluation of Phosalone (R.P. 11974) in Fish and Wildlife (Bobwhite Quail, Mallard Ducks, Rainbow Trout, Bluegill Sunfish, Goldfish and Oysters). (Unpublished study received Dec 15, 1966 under 7G0575; prepared by Woodard Research Corp., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090729-F) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005015128 Berim, N.G.; Bykhovets, A.I. (1973) Izraenenie gazoobmena cheshuekrylych nasekomykh pri kohtaktnom otravlenii sevinom, ftalofosom i fozalonon. [Change in gas metabolism of Lepidoptera during contact poisoning by Sevin, phthalophos, and phosalone.] Zapiski Leningradskogo Sel'skokhozyaistvennogo Instituta. [Reports of the Leningrad Agricultural Institute.] 212:38-41. 005016358 Biro, L.; Nagy, B. (1974) Fozalon meghatarozasa spektrofotometriai modszerekkel. [Determination of phosalone by spectrophotometric methods.] Nehezvegyipari Kutato Intezet Kozlemenyei. [Communications of the Research Institute for Heavy Chemical Industry.] 5:127-133. 005013734 Blagonravova, L.N.; Karakhanova, S.V. (1974) Vliyanie pestitsidov na biokhimicheskie protsessy v yablokakh vo vremya osenne-zimngo khraneniya. [Effect of pesticides on biochemical processes in apples during autumn-winter storage.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 12(3):202-204. 005013733 Blagonravova, L.N.; Karakhanova, S.V.; Kriventsov, V.I. (1974) Vliyanie khimicheskikh preparatov, primenyaemykh v period vegetatsii yabloni, na kachestvo yablok vo vremya osenne-zimnego khraneniya. [Effect of chemical preparations used during the vegetation period of an apple tree on the quality of apples during autumn-winter storage.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 12(6):442-444. 005006362 Bournoville, R.; Tasei, J.N. (1977) Effets compares de quelques insecticides sur les mirides nuisibles a la luzerne, leurs predateurs et les apoides pollinisateurs. [Comparative effects of some insecticides against harmful mirids of alfalfa, their predators and the pollinating apoids.] Phytiatrie-Phytopharmacie 26(3):185-192. 005001037 Bowman, M.C.; Beroza, M. (1970) GLC retention times of pesticides and metabolites containing phosphorus and sulfur on four thermally stable columns. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists 53(3):499-508. 005018185 Buchner, R.O. (1973) Bienenvergiftungen durch Rebschutzmassnahmen und ihre Verhuetung. [Bee poisoning caused by measures to protect vines and its prevention.] Tieraerztliche Umschau 28(12):623-625. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 000006760 Burr, R.; Baird, C. (1975) Final Report: District Project No. 351175-065. (Unpublished study received Mar 24, 1976 under 359-620; prepared by Rhodia, Inc. in cooperation with Univ. of Idaho, Extension, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:095197-BJ) 000006352 Burr, R.; Burr, J. (1975) Final Report: District Project No. 353675-060. (Unpublished study received Mar 24, 1976 under 359-620; prepared by Rhodia, Inc. in cooperation with Oregon State Univ., Extension Service, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc.., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:095197-BI) 000006696 Celice, J.; Fournel, J. (1966) Evaluation of Risks of Intoxication by Phosalone (11974 R.P.) during Its Manufacture and Its Experi- mentation in the Field: R.P.—D.S.Ph. No. 11346. (Unpublished study received Dec 15, 1966 under 7G0575; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Chipman Chemi- cal Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090729-L) 005018286 Chakrabarti, J.; Roy, B.R.; Mojumder, K.K. (1979) Pesticidal action and stability of phosalone in dry fish. Journal of Food Sc ience and Technology (Mysore) 16(1):3 5. 005007529 Chepurnaya, V.I. (1975) Fitotsidnost1 nekotorykh pestitsidov dlya persika. [Phytocidal activity of certain pesticides for peaches.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 13(1):34-36. 000011464 Cherry, E.T. (1977) Biological Research Report on Insecticide Ef- ficacy and Crop Safety: Supracide 2E for Insect Control on Arti- chokes: R&D Objective: 303018. Summary of studies 096254-B through 096254-D, 096254-F, 096254-H through 096254-K, 096254-M and 096254-N. (Unpublished study received Jul 19, 1977 under 100-501; submitted by Ciba-Geigy Corp., Greensboro, N.C.; CDL: 096254-A) 005016118 Chevrel, J. (1964) Un nouvel insecticide polyvalent: la phosalone. Vegetaux 18(106):6-11. 005016026 Chikov, V.I.; Bulka, M.Y.; Lozovaya, V.V. (1972) Vliyanie insektitsidov na raspredeleniye C-14 v produktakh fotosinteza. photosynthesis products.] Fiziologiya Rastenii. [Plant Physiology.] 19(1):190-193. 005015135 Chikov, V.I.; Lozovaya, V.V. (1973) Vliyanie insektitsidov na postfotosinteticheskii metabolizm C14-assimilyatov v list'yakh bobov. [The effect of insecticides on the post-photosynthetic metabolism of 14C-labelled assimilates in broad bean leaves.] Fiziologiya Rastenii. [Plant Physiology.] 20(2):317-320. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005001452 Chiou, C.T.; Freed, V.H.; Schmedding, D.W.; Kohnert, R.L. (1977) Partition coefficient and bioaccumulation of selected organic chemicals. Environmental Science and Technology 11(5):475-478. 000006401 Chipman Chemical Company, Incorporated (19??) The Name, Chemical Identity, and Composition of the Pesticide Chemical: [Phosa- lone]. (Unpublished study received Mar 6, 1967 under 7G0575; CDL:092863-C) 000006993 Chipman Chemical Company, Incorporated (1964) Chipman Products Data: Experimental Insecticide R.P. 11974: Technical Data Sheet TD/9/64. (Unpublished study received Apr 17, 1964 under 7G0575; prepared in cooperation with Rhone-Poulenc Chemical Co.; CDL: 090736-CR) 000006387 Chipman Chemical Company, Incorporated (1966) Results of Tests on the Amount of Residue Remaining: [Phosalone]. (Unpublished study received Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; CDL:090727-F) 000006661 Chipman Chemical Company, Incorporated (1967) Safety to Honey Bees: Technical Bulletin. 4th ed. (pp. 5-6 only; unpublished study received Nov 17, 1975 under 359-620; submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:223344-O) 000014256 Ciarletta, J.A.; Smith, R.L.; Sleesman, J.; et al. (1975) Moni- tor (R): Efficacy, Phytotoxicity and Yield Effects on Peppers. (Unpublished study including report nos. 31525, 31659, 31726, 31735, 32153, 36254, 36258, 36259, 36337, 36342, 36345, 36346, 39118, 39140, 39799, 40064, 40729, 40946, 41098, 42715, 42880, 42916, 43225, 43379 and 44930, received Aug 24, 1978 under 3125- 280; submitted by Mobay Chemical Corp., Agricultural Div., Kansas City, Mo.; CDL:097315-A) 000006397 Coad, B.R. (1965) Report on an Evaluation of Possible Personal Hazard in Aircraft Applications of Zolone on Cotton Fields. (Unpublished study received Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Delta Air Lines, Inc., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090727-R) 000006687 Cockrell, K.O.; Woodard, M.W.; Woodard, G. (1965) Phosalone R.P. 11974: Acute Oral LD-50 In Dogs. (Unpublished study re- ceived Dec 15, 1966 under 7G0575; prepared by Woodard Research Corp., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090729-A) 005004007 Colburn, R.; Asquith, D. (1971) Tolerance of the stages of Stethorus punctum to selected insecticides and miticides. Journal of Economic Entomology 64(5):1072-1074. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005008433 Colburn, R.; Asquith, D. (1973) Tolerance of Stethorus Economic Entomology 66(4):961-962. 000006978 Collins, R.F.; Roxburgh, J. (1967) Phosalone (11,974 R.P.): Studies of Levels in the Skin and Edible Tissues of Sheep: Gas-Liquid- Chroma tog raphy (G.L.C.) Determinations: BIOCHEM/353. (Unpub- lished study received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; prepared by May & Baker, Ltd., submitted by Rhodia, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:098088-V) 000006384 Courteix, J.; Desmoras, J.; Laurent, M.; Metivier, J.; Terlain, B. (1966) Phosalone: Methods of Analysis and Degradation of Residues: R.P.—D.S.Ph. No. 10988. Includes six methods dated Jan 11, 1966. (Unpublished study received Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090727-C) 000006972 Craine, E.M. (1974) Disposition of Phosalone-14C in a Lactating Cow: Research Report No. EMC 74:17. (Unpublished study received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:098088-M) 000006735 Crouch, R.V. (1970) Phosalone (11974 R.P.): Residue Studies on Tea (Green Leaf): Pakistan 1969: Report No. RG/758. (Unpublished study received Jun 8, 1973 under 3H5038; prepared by May & Baker, Ltd., submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:221773-H) 000006130 Crowley, G.; Smith, M. (1973) Final Report: District Project No. PAS 72-75. (Unpublished study including letter dated Mar 15, 1973 from L.C. Brown to P.C. Critchlow, received Mar 16, 1973 under 359-620; prepared by Rhodia, Inc. in cooperation with Texas A & M Univ., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:009830-A) 000006163 Davis, C.S.; Horn, R.; Van den Bosch, R.; Barnes, M.M.; Sibbett, G.S.; Jeter, R.B.; Charles, F.M. (1972) Impact, reports, obser- vations on the Trioxys pallidus. Diamond Walnut News (Feb):8,23. (Also In unpublished submission received Aug 27, 1973 under 359-620; submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:026725-P) 000012551 Davis, D.W. (1967) Alfalfa Weevil Research. (Incomplete study; un- published study received May 8, 1970 under OF0892; prepared by Utah State Univ., submitted by Geigy Chemical Corp., Ardsley, N.Y.; CDL:091543-AC) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 000006528 DeLay, D.L. (1968) Report No. PA 68-43. (Unpublished study re- ceived Feb 16, 1970 under OF0948; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:092026-H) 000006569 DeLay, D.L. (1969) Summary Report: District Project No. PA 69-15. (Unpublished study received Feb 16, 1970 under OF0948; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:092026-BB) 000006534 Delay, D.L. (1969) Summary Report: District Project No. PA 69-29. (Unpublished study received Feb 16, 1970 under OF0948; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:092026-Q) 000006237 DeLay, D.L. (1970) Final Report: District Project No. PA 70-23 & 23A. (Unpublished study received Mar 26, 1971 under 1F1155; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093474-D) 000006069 Dennis, S. (1973) Phosalone—Dried Grape Pomace Data. Includes undated method. (Unpublished study including residue final re- port no. 170473-092, received Jul 26, 1974 under 5H5058; sub- mitted by Rhodia, Inc., Somerset, N.J.; CDL:221786-A) 000006209 Desmoras, J.; Buys, M.; Laurent, L. (1973) Phosalone Residues in Tea: S.U.C.R.P.—D.S.Ph./D.S.An.Nord No. 17389. (Unpublished study received on unknown date under 3H5038; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:221773-A) 005017655 Desmoras, J.; Fournel, F.; Laurent, M.; Sauli, M.; Terlain, B. (1971) Etude de la vitesse de degradation de la phosalone dans le sol, les plantes et les animaux. [Study of the speed of degradation of phosalone in soil, plants and animals.] Pages 220-221, _In Proceedings of the 13th International Congress of Entomology; Aug 2-9, 1968, Moscow, USSR. Vol. 2. Edited by G.Y. Bei-Benko. 005016977 Desmoras, J.; Fournel, J.; Koenig, F.H.; Metivier, J. (1964) Etude au laboratoire et en serre d'un nouvel ester phosphorique: la phosalone ou 11.974 R.P. [Laboratory and greenhouse investigation of a new phosphoric ester: phosalone or 11,974 R.P.] Phytiatrie-Phytopharmacie 13(1):33-43. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 000006706 Desmoras, J.; Laurent, M. (1968) Phosalone and Oxygen Analog (12244 R.P.): Residues in Apples, Pears and Grapes: R.P.— D.S.Ph. No. 12774. (Unpublished study received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone- Poulenc, submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091171-H) 000006707 Desmoras, J.; Laurent, M.; Aublet, ?; Sasmayoux, ?; Savary, ? (1968) Phosalone: Determination of Phosalone, 12244 R.P. and 20650 R.P. in Fruit from the U.S.A.: R.P.—D.S.Ph./D.S.An.Nord No. 12850. (Unpublished study received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091171-1) 000006648 Desmoras, J.; Laurent, M.; Aublet, J.C.; Savary, M. (1964) Insecti- cides: Metabolism of Residues of 11974 R.P. in Plants (Sunflow- er, Apple Tree, Pear Tree, Cherry Tree) Sprayed in Practical Conditions. R.P.—D.S.Ph./D.R.An. 9511. (English trans- lation; unpublished study received 1965 under 359-EX-46; pre- pared by Societe des Usines Chiraiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:123396-1) 005010413 Desmoras, J.; Laurent, M.; Buys, M. (1973) Phosalone. Pages 385-397, In Thin-layer and Liquid Chromatography and Analyses of Pesticides of International Importance. Edited by J. Sherma and G. Zweig. New York: Academic Press. (Analytical methods for pesticides and plant growth regulators, vol. 7) 000006385 Desmoras, J,; Laurent, M.; Metivier, J.; Sauli, M.; Terlain, B. (1966) Phosalone: Study on the Degradationof Phosalone (1974 R.P.) in Soil: R.P.—D.S.Ph. No. 11423, (Unpublished study received Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Phone-Poulene, submitted by Chimpan Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090727-D) 000006386 Desmoras, J.; Laurent, M.; Terlain, B.; Aublet, J.C.; Sasmayoux, J.C.; Savary, M. (1966) Study of the Metabolism of Phosalone (11974 R.P.) in Plants: R.P.—D.S.Ph. No. 11686. (Unpublished study received Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090727-E) 000006647 Desmoras, J.; Savary, M. (1964) A Bioassay Method for Residue Anal- ysis of 11974 R.P.: R.P.—D.S.Ph. No. 9486. Includes method dated Sep 18, 1963. (English translation; unpublished study re- ceived 1965 under 359-EX-46; prepared by Societe des Usines Chi- miques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:123396-H) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY ' Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 000006702 Desmoras, J.; Terlain, B.; Savary, M. (1968) Phosalone: Identifi- cation of Phosalone in Fruit Extracts: R.P.—D.S.Ph./ D.S.An.Nord No. 12849. Method dated May 8, 1968. (Unpublished study received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Chipman Chemi- cal Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091171-C) 005013769 Dolidze, G.V. (1969) Pestitsidebis shepaseba pitotoksikurobis raodenobrivi da tvisobrivi machveneblebit. [Evaluation of pesticides by quantitative and qualitative phytotoxicity indicators.] Soobshcheniya Akademii Nauk Gruzinskoi SSR. 54(3):725-728. 000006979 Dorough, H.W.; Randolph, N.M. (1967) Dissipation of Zolone insecti- cide from treated alfalfa. Journal of Economic Entomology 60 (1):285-286. (Also In unpublished study received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:098088-X) GS0027011 Drevenkar, V.; Frobe, Z.; Vasilic, Z.; Tkalcevic, B. (1979) The rat of urinary excretion of phosalone residues in occupationally exposed persons. Science of the Total Environment 13: 235-243. 005008870 Drevenkar, V.; Stipcevic, M.; Stengl, B.; Stefanac, Z. (1979) Gas chromatographic determination of alkali metal O,0-diethyl phosphorodithioate present in trace amounts. Mikrochimica Acta I(5/6):385-394. 000006643 Dubost, P.; Fournel, J.; Ganter, P.; Julou, L.; Koenig, F.; Myon, J.; Bradenbac, J.; Lemoine, F. (1964) Acute Toxicity, Local Tolerance, Anticholinesterase Activity and Chronic Toxicity in Rats and Dogs: R.P.—D.S.Ph. 9203. (English translation; unpublished study received 1965 under 359-EX-46; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulene, submitted by Rhone- Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:123396-D) 005016593 Dzhashi, V.S.; Bakanidze, M.S. (1975) Materialy o vliyanii rabochikh emul'sii fozalona i karbofosa razlichnykh kontsentratsii na intensivnost' dykhaniya, aktivnost1 fermenta katalazy i na nakoplenie sakharov v mandarinovykh list'yakh. 000008920 E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company (1976) Data Supporting the Use of Lannate (R) Methomyl Insecticide and Lannate (R) L Methomyl Insecticide on Pecans. Summary of studies 095289-D through 095289-S. (Unpublished study received Sep 21, 1976 under 352- 342; CDL:095289-C) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005019632 Ebing, W. (1973) Probleme der Rueckstandsanalytik von Bioziden aus der Sicht des Umweltschutzes. [Problems of biocide residue analysis as seen from the viewpoint of environmental protection.] Deutsche Lebensmittel-Rundschau 69(1):39-45. 005015711 Eckenrode, C.J.; Robbins, P.S.; Webb, D.R. (1975) 1974 Insecticide Research Report on Cabbage Maggot, Seedcorn Maggot, Aphids on Lettuce, and Phytotoxicity in Cucumbers. Geneva, N.Y.: New York State Agricultural Experiment Station. (New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, plant sciences: entomology (Geneva), no. 9; New York's food and life sciences bulletin no. 56) 005009880 El-Sayed, M.M.; El-Dorry, H.F.A. (1971) Residues of some organo-phosphorus insecticides on squash fruits. Bulletin of the Entomological Society of Egypt, Economic Series V:95-99. 005016098 Esser, H.O. (1971) Terminal residues of organophosphorus insecticides in animals. Pages 33-56, In Pesticide Terminal Residues: Invited Papers from the International Symposium on Pesticide Terminal Residues; Feb 17-19, 1971, Tel Aviv, Israel. Edited by A.S. Tahori. London: Butterworths. 005011350 Evdokimov, P.O.; Nekrasova, M.A. (1971) Materialy po toksikologii fozalona. [Data on toxicity of phosalone.] Sbornik Rabot, Leningradskii Veterinarnyi Institut. [Collection of Works, Leningrad Veterinary Institute.] (32):204-210. 005013968 FAO Panel of Experts on Pesticide Residues and the Environment (1977) Pesticide Residues in Food. Report of the 1976 Joint Meeting of the FAO Panel of Experts on Pesticide Residues and the Environment and the WHO Expert Group on Pesticide Residues. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. (WHO technical series no. 612; FAO Food and Nutrition series no. 9; FAO Plant Production and Protection series no. 8) 005010210 FAO Working Party of Experts on Pesticide Residues (1976) Pesticide Residues in Food: Report of the 1975 Joint Meeting of the FAO Working Party of Experts on Pesticide Residues and the WHO Expert Committee on Pesticide Residues. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. (WHO technical report series no. 592; FAO plant production and protection series no. 1) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005008484 FAO Working Party of Experts on Pesticide Residues (1976) Pesticide Residues in Food: Report of the 1975 Joint Meeting of the FAO Working Party of Experts on Pesticide Residues and the WHO Expert Committee on Pesticide Residues. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (FAO plant production and protection series no. 1; WHO technical report series no. 592) 005013445 FAO Working Party of Experts on Pesticide Residues (1976) 1975 Evaluations of Some Pesticide Residues in Food. By the FAO Working Party of Experts on Pesticide Residues and the WHO Expert Committee on Pesticide Residues. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. (WHO pesticide residues series no. 5) 005010961 FAO Working Party of Experts on Pesticide Residues (1976) 1975 Evaluations of Some Pesticide Residues in Food: The Monographs. By the Joint Meeting of the FAO Working Party of Experts on Pesticide Residues and the WHO Expert Committee on Pesticide Residues. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. (WHO technical report series no. 592; FAO plant production and protection series no. 1; WHO pesticide residue series no. 5) 005007742 Farhat, S.; Baig, M.M.H. (1977) A note on the infrared spectrophotometric assay of phosalone alone or in combination with DDT. Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 20(1):15-17. 005012643 Fateeva, O.F.; Popova, V.A. (1978) Khromato-enzymnyy metod razdel'nogo opredeleniya fozalona i ego metabolitov v plodakh i list'yakh yabloni. [Chromato-enzymatic determination of phosalone and its metabolites in apple fruits and leaves.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 16(l):64-67. 005015526 Ferhat, S.; Baig, M.M.H. (1974) Infra red spectrophotometric method of analysis of phosalone and its DDT mixture. Pages 56-56, _In Proceedings of the Pakistan Science Conference. Vol. 25, No.~3. Lahore, Pakistan: Pakistan Association for the Advancement of Science. 005013738 Fischer, R.; Plazer-Altenburg, D. (1969) Nachweis von Phosphor-Insecticiden in biologischen Material: IV. Mitteilung. [Identification of organophosphate insecticides in biological material: part IV.] Archives of Toxicology 25(2):216-222. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005017631 Floru, S.; Goga, E.; Tucaliuc, M.; Suta, V.; Isac, M. (1977) Reziduuri de pesticide in urma tratamentelor in pomicultura in conditii de productie. [Pesticide residues after the application of treatments in commercial orchards.] Analele Institutului de Cercetari pentru Protectia Plantelor, Academia de Stiinte Agricole si Silvice. [Annals of the Research Institute for Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences.] XII:425-435. 005015767 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Legislative Service (1970) Canada. Current Food Additives Legislation (135):3-5. 000006693 Ford, R.T.G.; Terry, H.J. (1965) Phosalone: An Experiment on the Tolerance of Pheasant Chicks to Field Sprays. (Unpublished study received Dec 15, 1966 under 7G0575; prepared by May & Baker, Ltd., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Bur- lingame, Calif.; CDL:090729-H) 005012942 Forsythe, H.Y., Jr.; Hall, F.R. (1972) Control of the plum curculio in Ohio. Journal of Economic Entomology 65(6):1703-1706. 000006399 Fournel, J. (1966) Phosalone: Evaluation of the Choiinesterase Activity of the Staff Employed in the Manufacture and Experimen- tation of Phosalone (R.P. 11974). (Unpublished study received Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Societe des Usines Chi- miques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090727-T) 005010958 Franz, J.M.; Hassan, S.A.; Bogenschuetz, H. (1976) Einige Ergebnisse bei der standardisierten Laboratoriumspruefung der Auswirkungen von Pflanzenschutzmitteln auf entomophage Nutzarthropoden. [Some results of standardized laboratory tests on the effect of pesticides on entomophagous beneficial arthropods.] Nachrichtenblatt des Deutschen Pflanzenschutzdienstes (Braunschweig) 28(12):181-183. 005005239 Freed, V.H.; Schmedding, D.; Kohnert, R.; Haque, R. (1979) Physical chemical properties of several organophosphates: some implication in environmental and biological behavior. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 10(2):203-211. 005016097 Frehse, H. (1971) Terminal residues of organophosphorus insecticides in plants. Pages 9-32, In Pesticide Terminal Residues: Invited Papers from the International Symposium on Pesticide Terminal Residues; Feb 17-19, 1971, Tel Aviv, Israel. Edited by A.S. Tahori. London: Butterworths. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005015911 Frolov, B.A.; Kachekova, S.; Stepushin, A.E.; Bulatov, R.M.; Furygin, E.A. (1976) Insektitsid benzofosfat kak sredstvo bor'by s klopom Cimex lectularius L. v ptichnikakh. [Use of insecticide benzophosphate for control of bug Cimex Sanitarii 52:175-178. 005008442 Gallo, M.A. (1975) Studies on the toxicity of phosalone [abstract no. 55]. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 33(1):144. 005018186 Gallo, M.A.; Wang, D.I., inventors; Rhodia, Inc., assignee (1977) Synergistic pesticidal mixtures of phosalone and malathion and process for controlling arthropods therewith. U.S. patent 4,064,237. Dec 20. 8 p. Int. Cl. 424/200. 005008921 Gauer, W.O.; Seiber, J.N. (1971) Analysis of Zolone insecticide-acaricide on grapes. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 6(2):183-188. 005014814 Gergaya, M.S.; Bezhanidze, A.A. (1977) Dinamika razlozheniya pestitsidov v zelenykh list'yakh chaya. [The rate of pesticide breakdown in green tea leaves.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 15(3):75-77. 005016976 Gerig, L. (1974) Bienen und geplante Maikaeferbekaempfung im Kt. Thurgau 1973. [Bees and organized cockchafer control in Thurgau Canton 1973.] Schweizerische Bienen-Zeitung 97(6):256-264. 005019860 Gladenko, I.N.; Alekseenko, P.M.; Yaroshenko, V.I. (1973) Opasnost1 dlya pchel nekotorykh fosfororganicheskikh yadokhimikatov. [The danger to bees of certain organophosphorus toxic chemicals.] Veterinariya (Moscow). 005011367 Glukhova, L.G.; Vasilenko, T.E.; Apon, N.I. (1978) Sravnitel'naya kharakteristika vliyaniya khlor- i fosfororganicheskikh yadokhimikatov na zhelcheobrazovatel'nuyu funktsiyu pecheni. and organophosphorus pesticides on the biligenic function of the liver.] Vrachebnoe Delo. [Medical Profession.] (11):130-131. 005013287 Grebenshchikova, V.M. (1977) Sokrashchennye skhemy obrabotok protiv yablonnoi plodozhorki. [Shortened methods of treatment against the codling moth.] Vestnik Sel'skokhozyaistvennoi Nauki Kazakhstana. [Journal of Agricultural Science of Kazakhstan.] 20(5):57-59. 005012134 Greenstone, E.S. (1975) Farmworkers in jeopardy: OSHA, EPA, and the pesticide hazard. Ecology Law Quarterly 5(1):69-137. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005020112 Grishchenko, L.I.; Verkhovskii, A.P.; Trondina, G.A. (1975) Toksichnost1 benzofosfata (fozalona) dlia ryb i diagnostika otravlenii. [Toxicity of benzophosphate (phosalone) for fish and diagnosis of poisonings.] Byulleten Vsesoyuznogo Instituta Eksperimental'noi Veterinarii. [Bulletin of the Ail-Union Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine.] (20):58-61. 000006400 Guardigli, A. (19??) Laboratory Comments: Field Test Project No. PAS 66-80—Cotton—RP-11974—Dumas, Arkansas. (Unpublished study received Mar 6, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:092863-A) 000006389 Guardigli, A. (1964) Laboratory Analytical Data Sheet for Residues of R.P. 11974: [Phosalone]. (Unpublished study received Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chip- man Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090727-H) 000006769 Guardigli, A. (1964) Laboratory Analytical Data Sheet for Residues: Field Test Project No. BB 64-26. (Unpublished study received Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090727-L) 000006388 Guardigli, A. (1965) Residue Summary Sheet: [Phosalone]. (Unpub- lished study including project nos. BB 10-64-12, BB 12-64-20, BB 64-26, BB 65-18, BB 65-27, BB 65-47, BB 65-49, BB 65-127, C 64-12, C 65-17, C 65-30 and Port 65-47, received Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090727-G) 000006680 Guardigli, A. (1966) Comparison of Residues of Phosalone in Alfalfa Samples: Project Nos. BB 66-79 and C 66-22. (Unpublished study received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091170-1) 000006391 Guardigli, A. (1966) Laboratory Analytical Data Sheet for Residues: Field Test Project No. BB 66-126. (Unpublished study received Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090727-J) 000006714 Guardigli, A. (1966) Laboratory Raw Analytical Data. (Unpublished study including letter dated Feb 9, 1965 from L. Farber to L. Reed and test nos. BB-64-26, BB-65-125, C-64-12, C-65-27, Port- 65-66 and Port 66-12, received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; pre- pared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091171-AD) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 000006392 Guardigli, A. (1966) Residue Summary Sheet: [Phosalone]. (Unpub- lished study including project nos. BB 64-26, BB 65-125, C 64- 12, C 65-27, Port 65-66 and Port 66-12, received Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090727-K) 000006390 Guardigli, A. (1966) Residue Summary Sheet: [Phosalone]. (Unpub- lished study including project nos. C-64-12 and BB-65-63, re- ceived Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., sub- mitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL: 090727-1) 000006395 Guardigli, A. (1966) Residue Summary Sheet: [Phosalone]. (Unpub- lished study including project nos. C 64-16, C 65-44, BB 65-42 and BB 65-51, received Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlin- game, Calif.; CDL.-090727-O) 000006070 Guardigli, A. (1967) Analytical Procedure for Phosalone Residue Determination in Milk and Animal Tissues by Electron Capture Chromatography. Method No. 54-C dated Aug 14, 1967. (Unpub- lished study received Sep 12, 1968 under 9F0759; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093071-D) 000006681 Guardigli, A. (1967) Laboratory Analytical Data Sheet for Residues: Field Test Project No. SR 64-300. (Unpublished study including letter dated Feb 1, 1965 from L. Farber to L. Reed and field test project nos. PA 66-47, PAS 65-39, PAS 65-40; PAS 65-49, PAS 66-80 and PAS 66-92, received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; pre- pared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091170-J) 000006713 Guardigli, A. (1967) Laboratory Raw Analytical Data. (Unpublished study including letter dated Mar 2, 1965 from L. Farber to L. Reed and field test project nos. BB-65-63, BB-67-100, C 64-12, and PA 67-28, received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091171-Z) 000006174 Guardigli, A. (1967) Phosalone (RP 11974) (Zolone)—Recovery from Acid Delinted Cotton Seed. (Unpublished study received Oct 18, 1967 under unknown admin, no.; prepared by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:123376-A) 000006393 Guardigli, A. (1967) Residue Summary Sheet: [Phosalone]. (Unpub- lished study including project nos. SR 64-300, PAS 65-39, PAS 65-40, PAS 65-49, PAS 66-47, PAS 66-80 and PA 66-92, received Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090727-M) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard OC0006394 Guardigli, A. (1967) Residue Summary Sheet: Field Test Project No. Port 66-11. (Unpublished study received Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090727-N) 000006711 Guardigli, A. (1968) Results of Tests on the Amount of Residue Re- maining. (Unpublished study including letters dated Dec 9, 1964, Jan 21, 1965 and Oct 1, 1965 from L. Farber to L. Reed and field test nos. BB-10-64-12, BB-64-10, BB-64-26, BB-65-47, BB-65-49, BB-65-127, C-64-12, C-65-17; C-65-30, C-66-32, C-66-33, PA-66-32, PA-67-58 and Port-65-47, received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Chip- man Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091171-N) 000006575 Guardigli, A. (1972) Leaching Studies on Phosalone: Laboratory Ex- periments. (Unpublished study received May 25, 1973 under 3F1337; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL: 093575-C) 000006068 Guardigli, A. (1972) Phosalone Transfer in Fruits Processing: Possible Residue in Raw Apple Juice and Dry Apple Pomace: Labo- ratory Experiments. (Unpublished study received Feb 16, 1972 under 2H5013; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:221747-C) 000006971 Guardigli, A. (1973) Residue Studies in the Milk and Tissues of Dairy Cows Fed Phosalone. (Unpublished study received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:098088-L) 000006994 Guardigli, A. (1974) Residue Studies in Tissues and Eggs of Bob- white Quail Fed Phosalone. (Unpublished study received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; prepared in cooperation with Bio/dynamics, Inc., submitted by Rhodia, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL: 098088-T) 000006495 Guardigli, A. (1974) Residue Studies in Tissues and Eggs of Bob- white Quail Fed Phosalone. (Unpublished study received Jun 13, 1974 under 359-620; prepared by Rhodia, Inc. in cooperation with Bio-dynamics, Inc., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:120351-W) 000006980 Guardigli, A. (1974) Residue Studies in Tissues and Eggs of Poultry Fed Dietary Phosalone. (Unpublished study received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:098088-Y) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 000006970 Guardigli, A. (1975) Phosalone Oxygen Analog (Oxon) Residues in/on Alfalfa. (Unpublished study including residue reports 111973- 053, 170473-055, 191573-004, 191573-028, 213673-024, 263174-003 and 263774-010, received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; submitted by Rhcdia, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:098088-K) 000006969 Guardigli, A. (1975) Phosalone Residues in/on Alfalfa. (Unpub- lished study including residue reports 111973-053, 170473-055, 191573-004, 191573-028, 213673-024, 222173-045, 263174-003 and 263774-010, received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; submitted by Rhcdia, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:098088-J) 000006679 Guardigli, A.; Lienk, S.E. (1967) Laboratory Analytical Data Sheet for Residues: Field Test Project No. BB 67-79. (Unpublished study received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; prepared by Rhcdia, Inc., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091170-H) 000006783 Guardigli, A.; Martwinski, P. (1969) Phosalone Residues on Apples Treated with Zolone 25% Wettable Powder at Several Application Rates. (Unpublished study including field test project nos. AT 69.16-AT 69.17, BB 68-66, BB 69.7-BB 69.9, Port 68-12 and Port 69-56, received Dec 22, 1969 under 359-626; prepared by Rhcdia, Inc., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:003174-W) 000006358 Guardigli, A.; Martwinski, P. (1970) Results of Almond Residue Tests: Part D. (Unpublished study including field test project nos. PAW 69-5, PAW 69-6, PAW 69-9, PAW 69-13, PAW 69-18 and PAW 68-18, received Jun 26, 1972 under OF0983; submitted by Rhcdia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:091691-J) 000006511 Guardigli, A.; Martwinski, P. (1970) Results of Residue Tests. (Unpublished study including report nos. AT 69-14, AT 69-20, AT 69-22, AT 69-47, PA 67-45, PA 68-50, PA 69-29, PAS 67-77, PAW 69-2 and PAW 69-7, received Mar 12, 1970 under OF0948; submitted by Rhcdia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:091617-B) 000006480 Guardigli, A.; Martwinski, P. (1971) Residue Data: [Zolone]. (Un- published study including field test project nos. BB 65-63, BB 68-91, PA 68-46, PA 70-25/25A, PA 70-26, PA 70-27/27A and PAW 70-29, received Nov 18, 1971 under 359-626; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:003175-X) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 000006576 Guardigli, A.; Martwinski, P. (1972) Phosalone—Potato Petition: Residue Summary—Potatoes. (Unpublished study including field test project nos. AT 71-15, BB 68-87, BB 68-94, BB 69-60, C 66- 41, CH 71-61, CH 71-84, CH 71-103, FW 71-52 and Port 71-30, received May 25, 1973 under 3F1337; submitted by Rhcdia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093575-E) 000006086 Guillot, ?; Kauffmann, ? (1968) Insecticides: Phosalone: Flavor Study in Apples: R.P.—C.E. Ag Emerainville No. 362. (Unpub- lished study received Aug 19, 1971 under 2F1193; prepared by Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093518-B) 005015531 Gusein-Adzhiev, Z.K.; Kan, P.T. (1976) Toksichnost1 benzofosfata dlya krupnogo pogatogo skota i ovets pri naruzbnom primenenii. external application.] Trudy, Vsesoyuznyi Nauchno-Issledovatel'skii Institut Veterinarnoi Sanitarii. Veterinary Sanitation.] 52:135-141. 005013768 Gusein-Adzhiev, Z.K.; Leshchev, V.V. (1976) 0 bydelyenii benzofosfata v moloko pri obrabotke korov protiv iksodovykh kleshchei. [The excretion of benzophosphate into milk by cows treated against ixodes ticks.] Trudy, Vsesoyuznyi Nauchno-Issledovatel'skii Institut Veterinarnoi Sanitarii. Veterinary Sanitation.] 52:149-151. 005005527 Hassan, S.A. (1977) Standardized techniques for testing side-effects of pesticides on beneficial arthropods in the laboratory. Zeitschrift fuer Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz. [Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection.] 84(3):158-163. GS0027017 Hastings, S.F. (1977) Acute Oral LD™ in Mallard Ducks with Phosalone Technical. Project No. CH-68. Report No. SEH 77:9. (Unpublished study received Dec, 1980 under 6F1753; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., Hess and Clark Division, Submitted by Rhodia, Inc.) 000006964 Henckler, P. (1973) Project Number 170473-008. (Unpublished study including letter dated Nov 6, 1973 from D.I. Wang to C.C. Comp- ton, received Oct 18, 1973 under 3E1401; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Interregional Research Project No. 4, New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:098195-A) 000006107 Henckler, P. (1973) Specific Analytical Method for Technical Phosa- lone and Its Formulations: Liquid and Wettable Powders. Method no. 124 dated Nov 1973. (Unpublished study received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:095979-D) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 000006483 Henckler, P.M.; Dennis, S. (1973) Residue Summary: Apricots. (Un- published study including residue final report nos. 170473-042 and 170473-053, received Mar 29, 1974 under 359-620; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junc- tion, N.J.; CDL:028124-C) 000006484 Henckler, P.M.; Dennis, S.; Collins, R. (1973) Residue Summary: Cherries. (Unpublished study including residue final report nos. 170473-041 (A), 170473-041 (B) and 213673-013, received Mar 29, 1974 under 359-620; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:028124-D) 000006124 Henckler, P.M.; Reed, J.P. (1974) Zolone—Carrot: Residue Final Re- port No. 112973-133. (Unpublished study received Feb 12, 1974 under 4E1468; prepared in cooperation with Rutgers Univ., Dept. of Entomology, submitted by Interregional Research Project No. 4, New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093909-A) 000006485 Henckler, P.M.; Rice, R. (1973) Residue Summary: Nectarines: Pro- ject No. 180473-032. (Unpublished study received Mar 29, 1974 under 359-620; prepared by Rhodia, Inc. in cooperation with Univ. of California, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:028124-E) 000006487 Henckler, P.M.; Rice, R. (1973) Residue Summary: Plums: Project No. 180473-033. (Unpublished study received Mar 29, 1974 under 359-620; prepared by Rhodia, Inc. in cooperation with Univ. of California, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:028124-G) 000006486 Henckler, P.M.; Taylor, J.C.; Corner, G.; Dennis, S. (1973) Residue Summary: Peaches. (Unpublished study including residue final report nos. ARK 72-77, 123973-023 and 170473-072, received Mar 29, 1974 under 359-620; prepared by Rhodia, Inc. in cooperation with Louisiana State Univ. and Clemson Univ., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:028124-F) 005009331 Hislop, R.G.; Acker, C.; Prokopy, R.J. (1977) Influence of pesticides on predacious and phytophagous mite populations in Massachusetts apple orchards. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 85(4):180. 005015532 Husein, F.; Gouhar, K.A.; Guirguis, M.W. (1975) Effect of certain organophosphorus insecticides on fruit quality of Valencia orange. Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor 3:163-171. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005017964 Iren, Z. (1972) Baglarda ciceklenme devresinde kullanilan bazi ilaclarin orta anadolu bolgesinde dollenmeye olan etkilerinin arastirilmasi. [Investigation into the effects of certain chemicals on fertilization of vines in blosson time in central Anatolia.] Pages 44-45, _In Zirai Mucadele Arastirma Yilligi. Zirai Mucadele Arastirma Enstitusu. 005006342 Ishitani, A.; Yukimoto, M.; Yoshida, K. (1975) Nogaku no kakushusakubutsu ni taisuru yakugai ni tsuite: II. Yuki rinkei satchuzai. [Phytotoxicities of agricultural chemicals to crops: II. Organophosphorus insecticides.] Noyaku Kensasho Hokoku. [Bulletin of the Agricultural Chemicals Inspection Station.] (15):92-97. 005016273 Ivanova, L.N.; Molozhanova, E.G. (1974) 0 kinetike prevrashcheniya nekotorykh pestitsidov v pochve. [The transformation kinetics of certain pesticides in soil.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 12(5):363-365. 005014687 Ivanova, L.N.; Russu-Lupan, I.T.; Belaya, L.L.; Fedorchenko, V.S.; Mamusevich, T.I. (1975) 0 verifikatsii prognoza dinamiki pestitsidov v produktahk rastenievodstva. [On verification of prognosis on the dynamics of pesticides in products of plant cultivation.] Gigiena i Sanitariya. [Hygiene and Sanitation.] 40(6):105-107. 005010956 Jenik, M.; Madaric, A.; Gecova, K. (1975) Stanovenie organofosforovych insekticidov v ovzdusi. [The determination of organophosphorus insecticides in the atmosphere.] Ceskoslovenska Hygiena. [Czechoslovak Hygiene.] 20(2):83-89. 005013290 Kachekova, S.; Frolov, B.A.; Riazhenov, N.I. (1975) Dinamika ostatkov benzofosfata v organakh i tkaniakh obrabotannykh kur. treated chickens.] Trudy, Vsesoyuznyi Nauchno-Issledovatel'skii Institut Veterinarnoi Sanitarii. Veterinary Sanitation.] 51:96-99. 005010804 Kagan, Y.S.; Vojtenko, G.A.; Svetlij, S.S.; Zlatjev, Z. (1975) A method for the quantitative evaluation of combined and complex pesticide effects on organisms. Pages 631-635, _In Pesticides: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry Third International Congress; Jul 3-9, 1974, Helsinki, Finland. Edited by F. Coulston and F. Korte. Stuttgart, West Germany: George Thieme. (Environmental quality and safety supplement, vol. Ill) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005015385 Kamil'dzhanov, A.K. (1970) Zagryaznenie atmosfernogo vozdukha fozalonom pri primenenii ego v sel'skom khozyaystve v usloviyakh Uzbekistana. [Contamination of the atmosphere with phosalone during its agricultural use in Uzbekistan.] Meditsinskii Zhurnal Uzbekistana. [Medical Journal of Uzbekistan.] (10):122-123. 005013291 Kamil'dzhanov, A.K. (1975) Srednesutochnaia predel'no dopustimaia kontsentratsiia fozalona v atmosfernom vozdukhe. [Average daily maximum permissible concentration of phosalone in the atmosphere.] Meditsinskii Zhurnal Uzbekistana. [Medical Journal of Uzbekistan.] (10):53-56. 005015130 Kamil'dzhanov, A.K.; Khasanov, Y.U. (1971) Ob ostatochnykh kolichestvakh fozalona v obrabotannykh im yablokakh i lyutserne. [Phosalone residues in treated apples and alfalfa.] Gigiena i Sanitariya. [Hygiene and Sanitation.] 36(6):104-105. 005017832 Kanarev, G.; Mateeva, A. (1975) Vliyanir na nyakoi pestitsidi v'rkhu koprinenata buba. [Effect of some pesticides on silkworms.] Priroda (Sofia). [Nature.] 24(2):65-66. 005009436 Kapitan, A.I.; Sukhoruchenko, G.I.; Tolstova, Y.S. (1972) Toksichnost' pestitisidov dlya zlatoglazki. [Toxicity of pesticides for aphid lions.] Zashchita Rastenii (Moscow). 005016277 Karadzhov, S. (1973) Dinamika na rastitelnoyadnite i khishtnite akari pri biologichna sistema za borba s nepriyatelite po yabulkata. [Dynamics of the phytophagous and predacious mites in a biological system of pest control of apple.] Gradinarska i Lozarska Nauka. [Horticultural and Viticultural Sciences.] X(5):51-62. 005008877 Kawamura, Y.; Takeda, M.; Uchiyama, M. (1978) Studies on analysis of pesticide residues in foods (XXVIII): Determination of 33 organophosphorus pesticides in agricultural crops. Journal of Food Hygienic Society of Japan 19(6):518-523. 005013292 Khalpaev, O.S.; Akhmedzhanov, K.A. (1973) Tsitokhimicheskie i drugie pokazateli perifericheskoi krovi pri ostrykh otravleniiakh fozalonom v eksperimente. [Cytochemical and other indices of peripheral blood during experimental acute poisoning with phosalone.] Meditsinskii Zhurnal Uzbekistana. 005014953 Khan, S.A.; Shafique, R.M.; Kahn, B.A. (1973) Phytotoxicity caused by pesticides in Brassica. Journal of Agricultural Research (Lahore) 11(1):55-68. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005013534 005016710 005016365 005016275 005014545 005011360 005014888 000006966 005015138 Khasanov, Y.U. (1974) Vliianie nekotorykh pestitsidov i mineral 'nykh udobrenii na sintez vitaminov v ovoshche-bakchevykh i fruktovykh kul'turakh. [Effect of some pesticides and mineral fertilizers on synthesis of vitamins in cucurbitaceous vegetable and fruit cultures.] Meditsinskii Zhurnal Uzbekistana. [Medical Journal of Uzbekistan.] Khasanov, Y.U. ; Rasulev, B.D. (1970) Ostatochnyye kolichestva antio, rogora, fozalona i DDT v yablokakh i lyutserne. apples and alfalfa.] Meditsinskii Zhurnal Uzbekistana. Khukhrii, O.V. (1974) Diya insektytsydiv na Aphid ius ervi Hal., parazita horokhovoyi popelytsi ( Acyrthos iphon pisum Harr.). of the pea aphid ( Acyrthos iphon pisum Harr.).] Zashchita Rastenii (Kiev). [Plant Protection.] (20):25-27. Khushcha, V.L. (1978) Fitotoksychnist ' pestytsydiv pry ul ' tramaloob ' yemnomu obpryskuvanni u sadakh. [Phytotoxicity of pesticides following ultralow volume spraying in orchards.] Visnik Sil's'kogospodars'koi Nauki. [Journal of Agricultural Science.] (1): 28-30. Kiguradze, K.T. ; Ordzhonikidze, E.K. (1977) Pospororganuli insektitsidebis gavlena mtsenaris zrda-ganvitarebasa da nakopebis biokimiur machveneblebze . [The effect of organophosphorus insecticides on the plant growth and development of plants and the biochemical indicators of fruit.] Soobshcheniya Akademii Nauk Gruzinskoi SSR. [Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the Georgian SSR.] 86 (2): 461-464. Kim, N.G. ; Guzeev, G.F.; Khalilov, S.K. (1977) Vliyanie pestitsidov na entomofaunu orekhovoplodovykh lesov Srednei Asii. [Effect of pesticides on entomofauna of nut-fruit tree forests of Central Asia.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. Kisilenko, M.A. ; Pis'mennaya, M.V. (1973) Opredeleniye fozalona, ftalofosa, fenkaptona, tsideala i sayfosa v vode. and sayfos in water.] Metody Opredeleniya Pestitsidov v Vode. (1): 27-32. Kitching, U. , tr. (1975) On the Prognosis of Phosalone Residues in Water Reservoirs: S.U.C.R.P.— D.S.Ph. No. 17733. (English translation; unpublished study received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; submitted by Phodia, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N. J. ; CDL: 098088-F) Klisenko, M.A. ; Pis'mennaya, M.V. ; Novitskaya, L.P. ; Brodskaya, N.M. (1968) Opredelenie ftalofosa i fozalona v vozdukhe. Sanitariya. [Hygiene and Sanitation.] 32 (8): 67-70. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard GS0027012 Knaak, J.B.; Maddy, K.T.; Gallo, M.A.; Lillie, D.T.; Craine, E.M.: Serat, W.F. (1978) Worker reentry studiues involving phosalone application to citrus groves. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 46: 363-374. GS0020713 Knaak, J.B.; Schlocker, P.; Ackerman, C.R.; Seiber, J.N. (1980) Reentry research: Establishment of safe pesticide levels on foliage. Bull. Environm. Contam. Toxicol. 24: 769-804. 000006088 Knobel, H. (1971) Final Report: District Project No. AT 71-32. (Unpublished study received on unknown date under 2F1193; pre- pared in cooperation with Coca Cola Co., submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093518-E) 000006089 Knobel, H. (1971) Final Report: District Project No. AT 71-33. (Unpublished study received on unknown date under 2F1193; pre- pared in cooperation with Coca Cola Co., submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093518-F) 000006538 Knobel, H.; Estes, P. (1968) Report No. AT 68-41. (Unpublished study received Feb 16, 1970 under OF0948; prepared in coopera- tion with Auburn Univ., submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Bruns- wick, N.J.; CDL:092026-U) 000006938 Knobel, H. ; Rock, G. (1969) Summary Report: District Project No. AT 69-16. (Unpublished study received Dec 22, 1969 under 359-626; prepared in cooperation with North Carolina State Univ., Dept. of Entomology, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junc- tion, N.J.; CDL:003174-R) 000006939 Knobel, H.; Rock, G. (1969) Summary Report: District Project No. AT 69-17. (Unpublished study received Dec 22, 1969 under 359-626; prepared in cooperation with North Carolina State Univ., Dept. of Entomology, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monnouth Junc- tion, N.J.; CDL:003174-S) 000014908 Koehler, C.S.; Jurich, R.; Frobase, J.; et al. (1978) Field Evalua- tion Report on the Use of Orthene/Medicap Systemic Tree Injec- tion Cartridges: FEP No. 1-73-10. (Unpublished study including letter dated Feb 3, 1978 from J. O'Neal to Warren D. Wolfe and FEP nos. 0-76-7, 0-76-8, 0-76-9..., received Mar 6, 1979 under 37979-1; submitted by Creative Sales, Inc., Fremont, Nebr.; CDL:237989-B) 005014549 Kol'kovski, P.G.; Kavakova, Y.D. (1974) Ekspressivnyi metod opredeleniia BI-58 i fosalona v vozdukhe. [Express method for the determination of BI-58 and phosalone in the air.] Gigiena i Sanitariya. [Hygiene and Sanitation.] 4:83-86. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005015136 Konyukhov, A.F- (1975) Metody obnaruzheniya fosfororganicheskikh pestisidov v organakh i tkanyakh zhivotnykh, kormakh i vode. organs and tissues of animals, in foodstuffs, and in water.] Trudy Vsesoyunogo Instituta Eksperimental'noi Veterinarii. Veterinary Science.] 43:346-358. 005014055 Konyukhov, A.F. (1975) Obnaruzhenie fosalona v patologicheskom materiale. [Detection of phosalone in pathological specimens.] Veterinariya (Moscow). [Veterinary Science.] (4):93-94. 005016360 Konyukhov, A.F. (1975) Opredelenie fozalona v kombikormakh. [The determination of phosalone in mixed feeds.] Veterinariya (Moscow). [Veterinary Science.] (l):84-85. 005015389 Konyukhov, A.F.; Poloz, D.D.; Kokhtyuk, F.P. (1975) Nakoplenie i dlitel'nost' cokhraneniia fosalona v organakh kur pri ostrom otravlenii. [Accumulation and persistance of phosalone in the organs of chickens after acute poisoning.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 13(6):459-460. 005014056 Korzhevenko, G.N.; Leshchev, V.V.; Metelev, V.V.; Brichko, V.F. (1976) Uskorennyi metod diagnostiki otravlenii ryb fosfororganichimi pestitsidami. [Rapid diagnosis of organophosphorus pesticide poisoning in fish.] Veterinariya (Moscow). [Veterinary Science.] (9):90-92. 005013446 Kosmatyi, E.S.; Tverskaya, B.M.; Polonskaya, F.I. (1972) Opredelenie 0,O-dietil-S-(6-khlorbenzoksazolinil-3-metil)ditiofosfata (fozalona) v yablokakh metodom tonkosloinoi khromatografii. 0,0-d iethyl-S-(6-chlorobenzoxazolin-3-ylmethyl)d ithiophosphate (phosalone) in apples by thin-layer chromatography.] Problemy Analiticheskoi Khimii. [Problems of Analytical Chemistry.] 2:70-73. 005016119 Kuteev, F.S.; Zharkikh, M.D. (1974) Primeneniye kolorimetricheskikh metodov dlya opredeleniya khlorofosa, benzofosfata i metilnitrofosa v ob'yektakh lesnogo biotsenoza. Use of colorimetric methods for determination of chlorophos, benzophosphate and methylnitrophos in objects of the forest biocenose (residues).] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. 005016025 Kuz'minskaya, U.A.; Yakushenko, V.E.; Bersan, L.V. (1978) Vozdeystviye dlitel'nogo postupleniya nekotorykh pestitsidov na aktivnost1 detoksitsiruyushchey sistemy pecheni. [Effect of long-term exposure to pesticides on the detoxifying activity of the liver.] [abstract]. Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. [Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases.] 7(7):57. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005014684 Laplanche, A.; Martin, G. (1976) Contribution a la lutte contre les nuisances dues aux organo-phosphores: application aux eaux d1alimentation. [Contribution to the control of organophosphorus pollutants: application to feed water.] Journal Francais d'Hydrologie 7(19):11-18. 000006708 Laurent, M.; Buys, M.; Sasmayoux, J.C. (1968) Phosalone: G.L.C. De- termination of Phosalone and 12244 R.P. in Apples and in Grape Extracts from the U.S.A.: D.S.Ph./D.S. An. Nord No. 12864. (Un- published study received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Chip- man Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091171-J) 000006646 Laurent, M.M. (1964) Titration of the Residues of 11974 R.P. in Plant Tissue: D.R.An No. 2792. Includes method dated Sep 18, 1963. (English translation; unpublished study received 1965 un- der 359-EX-46; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone- Poulenc, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:123396-G) 005005241 LeBel, G.L.; Williams, D.T.; Griffith, G.; Benoit, F.M. (1979) Isolation and concentration of organophosphorus pesticides from drinking water at the ng/L level, using macroreticular resin. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists 62(2):241-249. 000006656 Lelievre, M. (1974) Phosalone—Toxicology: Data from Literature: S.U.C.R.P.—D.S.Ph. No. 17762. (English translation; unpub- lished study received Nov 17, 1975 under 359-620; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Rhone- Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:223344-F) 005013279 Leshchev, V.V.; Smirnov, A.M.; Talanov, G.A. (1974) Opredelenie fozalona v mede metodami tonkosloinoi i gazo-zhidkostnoi khromatografii. [Determination of phosalone in honey by thin-layer and gas-liquid chroma tography.] Veterinariya (Moscow). [Veterinary Science.] (6):106-107. 005015528 Leshchev, V.V.; Talanov, G.A. (1976) Opredelenie FOS v kormakh i produktakh. [Determination of organophosphorus insecticides in feeds and animal products.] Veterinariya (Moscow). 000006430 Lillie, D.T. (1972) Final Report: District Project No. F 72-57. (Unpublished study received Mar 16, 1973 under 359-620; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:008914-B) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 000006747 Lillie, D.T.; Carman, G. (1971) Final Report: District Project No. FD 71-91. (Unpublished study received on unknown date under 2F1193; prepared in cooperation with Univ. of California—River- side, submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL: 093518-G) 000006748 Lillie, D.T.; Carman, G. (1971) Final Report: District Project No. FD 71-92. (Unpublished study received on unknown date under 2F1193; prepared by Univ. of California—Riverside, submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093518-H) 005008786 Lisovik, Z.A.; Gorbacheva, N.A. (1977) Gazokhromatograficheskoe opredelenie metafosa, metilnitrofosa i metiletiltiofosa v krovi. [Gas-chromatographic determination of metaphos, methylnitrophos and methylethylthiophos in blood.] Farmatsiya (Moscow). [Pharmacy.] 26(5):44-51. 005011351 Makarova, S.V.; Bel'skaya, G.; Soboleva, D.A. (1972) Analiz ftalofosa i benzofosfata iodometricheskim metodom. [Analysis of phthalophos and benzophosphate by an iodometric titration method.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 10(5):361-362. GS0027008 Makhijani, G.P. (1973) Memorandum sent to Bart J. Pum. Chemistry Branch, RD. dated May 22, 1973. Concerns the results of method trial for phosalone in beef fat. PPs ttOF0983 and 2F1193; EAPs #2H5013 and 2H2668. 005012298 Makhnovsky, I.K.; Kim, Z.I.; Guzeev, G.F.; Khalilov, S. (1974) Ostatochnye kolichestva benzofosfata i metilnitrofosa v rasteniyakh i pochve. [Residual amounts of benzophosphate and methylnitrophos in plants and soil.] Lesnoe Khozyaistvo. 005018094 Malinin, O.A. (1979) Opredelenie fosfororganicheskikh pestitsidov. (Moscow). [Veterinary Science.] (l):72-74. 005014948 Man'ko, N.N. (1970) Obosnovanie predel'no dopustimoi kontsentratsii fozalona v vozdukhe rabochei zony. [Basis for the maximum permissible concentration of phosalone in the air of a work zone.] Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. [Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases.] 14(12):46-48. 005017341 Man'ko, N.N. (1970) Toksikologiia i gigiena primeneniia fozalona. Primeneniya, Toksikologiya Pestitsidov i Klinika Ortavlenii. Clinical Aspects of Poisoning.] 8(2):270-277. 005013284 Man'ko, N.N.; Pis'mennaya, M.V.; Akoronko, S.L. (1974) Gigienicheskie reglamenty fozalona dlia produktov pitaniia. Pitaniya. [Problems of Nutrition.] 33(5):62-67. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005014951 Mandel'baum, Y.A.; Nikishova, G.E.; Nagayuk, I.N., inventors; (1975) Sposob polucheniya dialkil-S-imidometilditiofosfatov. dithiophosphates.] U.S.S.R. opisanie izobreteniya 480,717. Aug 15. 2 p. Int. Cl. C 07f 9/16. 000006574 Mazuret, A. (1971) Phosalone, Methyl-azinphos and Parathion: Acute Percutaneous Toxicity in the Rat: R.P.—D.S.Ph. No. 15544. (Un- published study received May 25, 1973 under 3F1337; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093575-B) 005009810 McCann, J.S.; Jasper, R.LL. (1972) Vertebral damage to bluegills exposed to acutely toxic levels of pesticides. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 101(2):317-322. 005004310 McCully, K.A. (1972) Report on phosphated pesticides. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists 55(2):291-297- 000006062 McGill, L.A. (1972) Effect of Zolone EC on the Flavor of Stone Fruits: Part 3. (Unpublished study received Mar 16, 1973 under 359-620; prepared by Oregon State Univ., Dept. of Food Science and Technology, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:096444-C) 000006587 McGill, L.A. (1972) Flavor Evaluation Report. (Unpublished study received May 25, 1973 under 3F1337; prepared by Oregon State Univ., Dept. of Food Science and Technology, submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093575-AJ) 000006433 McGill, L.A. (1972) Flavor Evaluation Report: [Zolone]. (Unpub- lished study received Mar 16, 1973 under 359-620; prepared by Oregon State Univ., Dept. of Food Science and Technology, sub- mitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL: 008914-E) 000006432 McGill, L.A. (1973) Flavor Evaluation Report. (Unpublished study received Mar 16, 1973 under 359-620; prepared by Oregon State Univ., Dept. of Food Science and Technology, submitted by Rhone- Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:008914-D) GS0027023 McGill, L.A. (1973) Flovor Evaluation Report. Test Numbers S204- 73, S206-73. (Unpublished study concerning fresh french prunes treated with Zolne EC, received Sep 24, 1973 under ?: Prepared by Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, submitted by Rhodia, Inc., Chipman Division) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard GS0027022 McGill, L.A. (1973) Flavor Evaluation Report. Test Numbers S205, S243, S244-73. (Unpublished study concerning fresh, canned, and frozen Halford peaches treated with Zolone EC, Received Oct 5, 1973 under ?; prepared by Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Oregon State University, submitted by Rhodia, Inc., Chipman Division) 000006494 McGinnis, C.H., Jr. (1974) The Effect of Dietary Phosalone on Body Weight, Feed Consumption, Reproduction, and the Production of Phosalone Residues in Body Tissues and Eggs of Bobwhite Quail: Research Report No. CHM 74:40. (Unpublished study received Jun 13, 1974 under 359-620; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc, Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:120351-U) 005013548 McMahon, B.; Burke, J.A. (1978) Analytical behavior data for chemicals determined using AOAC multiresidue methodology for pesticide residues in foods. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists 61(3):640-652. 005015601 Mel'nikov, N.N. (1974) Pestitsidy i okruzhaiushchaia sreda. Razlozhenie fosfororganicheskikh pestitsidov. [Pesticides and the environment. Decomposition of organophosphorus pesticides.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 12(4):289-297. 005016150 Mel'nikov, N.N. (1978) Pestitsidy v sel'skom khozyaistve v shveitsarii v 1978 g. [Pesticides in agriculture in Sweden in 1978.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 16(11):19-22. 005015602 Mel'tser, F.R.; Novikova, K.F. (1970) Khromatofotometricheskiy metod opredeleniya ostatochnykh kolichestv fozalona v rastitel'nykh pishchevykh produktakh. [Chromatophotometric method for determining residual amounts of phosalone in plant foods.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 8(9):680-682. 005016359 Mel'tser, F.R.; Novikova, K.F. (1971) Novyi spetsificheskii kolorimetricheskii metod opredeleniya ostatochnykh kolichestv fozalona v rastitel'nykh ob'ektakh. [Specific colorimetric determination of residual quantities of phosalone in plant materials. ] Pages 295-299, I_n Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Soveshchaniya po Issledovaniya Ostatkov Pestitsidov i Profilaktike Zagryazneniya Imi Produktov Pitaniya, Kormov i Vneshnei Sredy, Metody Analiza, 2nd. [Transactions of the 2nd All-Union Conference on the Residues of Pesticides and Prophylaxis of Contamination by Them of Foodstuffs, Feeds and the Environment, Methods of Analysis.]; 1970, Tallin. Edited by O.M. Tanm. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005015598 Meltser, F.R.; Novikova, K.F. (1972) Modifikatsiia kolorimetricheskogo metoda opredeleniia benzofosfata v rastitelnykh ob'ektakh. [Modification of the colorimetric method for determination of benzophosphate (phosalone) in vegetable products.] Voprosy Pitaniya. [Problems of Nutrition.] 31(2):94-95. 005006261 Mestres, R.; Chevallier, C. (1969) Residus de pesticides: XVIII. Technique de controle des residus de pesticides a activite anticholinesterasique dans les fruits et les legumes. residues by anticholinesterase activity in fruits and vegetables.] Annales des Falsifications et de 1'Expertise Chimique 62(684):41-46. 005010241 Metivier, J. (1977) Synthesis of phosalone from naturally occurring benzoxazolones. Pages 673-687, _In Environmental Pollution and Human Health: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Industrial Toxicology; Nov 4-7, 1975. Edited by S.H. Zaidi. Lucknow, India: Industrial Toxicology Research Centre. 000006644 Metivier, M. (1964) The Assumed Metabolites of R.P. 11974: R.P.— D.S.Ph. No. 9552. (English translation; unpublished study re- ceived 1965 under 359-EX-46; prepared by Societe des Usines Chi- miques Rhone-Poulenc, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:123396-E) 005019245 Mikami, A. (1973) Noyaku no teisei—teiryo ni kansuru hoigakuteki kenkyu. [Analytical method for identification and determination of pesticides in forensic toxicology.] Nippon Hoigaku Zasshi. [Japanese Journal of Legal Medicine.] 27(5):316-336. 005016361 Mikhailov, V.S.; Supin, G.S. (1971) Opredelenie ostatochnikh kolichestv ftalofosa i benzofosfata ostsillopolyarograficheskim metodom. [Determination of residual amounts of phthalophos and benzophosphate by an oscillopolarographic method.] Pages 237-240, _In Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Soveshchaniya po Issledovaniyu Ostatkov Pestitsidov i Profilaktike Zagryazneniya Imi Produktov Pitaniya, Kormov i Vneshnei Srey, Metody Analiza, 2nd. of Pesticides and Prophylaxis of Contamination by Them of Foodstuffs, Feeds and the Environment, Methods of Analysis.]; 1970, Tallin. Edited by O.M. Tamm. 005019336 Mirkhaitov, T.; Ikramov, L.T. (1970) Noviye kachestvenniye reaktsii obnaruzheniya fozalona i ftalofosa. [New qualitative tests for the detection of phosalone and phthalophos.] Sudebno-Meditsinskaya Ekspertiza. [Forensic Medical Examination.] 13(1):29-32. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005014544 Mirkhaitov, T.; Ikramov, L.T. (1974) Ekstraktsiya fozalona i ftalofosa iz vodnykh rastvorov organicheskimi rastvoritelyami v zavistimosti ot pH sredy. [Extraction of phosalone and phthalophos from aqueous solutions by organic solvents as a function of pH of the medium.] Uzbekskii Khimicheskii Zhurnal. 005020254 Mitic-Muzina, N.; Adamovic, V.; Pantovic, D.; Petrovic, 0.; Sokic, B. (1971) Prilog proucavanju dinamike degradacije nekih insekata: II. Degradacija nekih insekticida na plodovima breskve i kajsije. [A contribution to the study of the dynamics of the breakdown of some insecticides: II. The breakdown of some insecticides in the fruits of peach and apricot.] Zastita Bilja. [Plant Protection.] 22(112/113):51-60. 005017547 Mitic-Muzina, N.; Adamovic, X.; Pantovic, D.; Petrovic, X.; Sokic, B. (1971) A contribution to the study of the degradation dynamics of some insecticides. II. Degradation of some insecticides on peach and apricot fruits. Zastita Bilja. 005016279 Molozhanova, E.G.; Remizova, L.B. (1971) Opredelenie nektorikh fosfororganicheskikh pestitsidov v pochve pri ikh sovmestnom prisutstvii. [Determination of certain organophosphorus pesticides with the combined presence of them.] Pages 177-178, ^n Trudy Vsesoyuzncgo Soveshchaniya po Issledovaniyu Ostatkov Pestitsidov i Profilaktike Zagryazneniya Imi Produktov Pitaniya, Kormov i Vneshnei Sredy, Metody Analiza, 2nd. of Pesticides and Prophylaxis of Contamination by Them of Foodstuffs, Feeds and the Environment, Methods of Analysis.]; 1970, Tallin, USSR. Edited by O.M. Tamm. 005012644 Molozhanova, E.G.; Remizova, L.B. (1973) Metod odnovremennogo opredeleniya v pochve mikrokolichestv pestitsidov razlichnykh grupp. [Method of simultaneous determination of micro-quantities of pesticides in various groups in soils.] Gigiena i Sanitariya. [Hygiene and Sanitation.] 38(11) :74-75. 005007749 Murtuza, S.M.; Naqvi, S.N.H.; Ashrafi, S.H. (1971) The residual toxicity of Petkolin in comparison with Phosalone and DDT. Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 14(4/5):377-379. 005001342 Nagayoshi, H.; Suzuki, K.; Kashiwa, T. (1975) Systematic identification and determination of pesticides. Part 9: classification of 89 pesticides and related compounds by thin-layer chromatography. A translation of: Noyaku Kensasho Hokoku. [Bulletin of the Agricultural Chemicals Inspection Station.] 15:22-30. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005015644 Nalbandyan, R.A. (1974) O sokhranenii sevina i fozalona v pochve. Zashchita Rastenii (Moscow). [Plant Protection.] (3):26. 005015594 Nalbandyan, R.A. (1975) Ostatochnyie kolichestva sevina i phosalona v listiakh i iagodakh vinograda. [Residual amounts of.Sevin and phosalone in grapes and grape leaves.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 13(9):712-713. 005014541 Nalbandyan, R.A. (1975) Vliyanie atmosfernykh osadkov va stepen1 stabil'nosti pestitsidov. [Effect of atmospheric precipitation on pesticide stability.] Zashchita Rastenii (Moscow). [Plant Protection.] (12):25. 000014391 Nash, R.F. (1971) Pecan and Ornamental Plant Insect and Mite Con- trol Studies. (Unpublished study received Jun 26, 1974 under 100-501; prepared by Clemson Univ., Dept. of Entomology and Eco- nomic Zoology, submitted by Ciba-Geigy Corp., Greensboro, N.C.; CDL:094034-P) 005011355 Nazarov, S.S.; Illarionov, A.I. (1978) Toksichnost1 fosfororganicheskikh insektitsidov dlia medonosnykh pchel. Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 16(7):61-63. 005019972 Nazarova, A.A.; Stradomskii, V.B.; Telegina, L.N. (1977) Issledovanie svetopogloshcheniya prircdnykh vod metodom UF-spektrofotometrii v tselyakh avtomatozatsii opredeleniya v nikh organicheskikh veshchestv. [UV-spectrophotometric study of the light absorption of natural waters for the automated determination of organic substances in them.] Gidrokhimicheskie Materialy. [Hydrochemical Materials.] XLV: 102-108. 005018054 Nedkova-Bratanova, N.; Ivanov, E.; Savov, G.; Michailova, Z.; Krusteva, A.; Petrova, S. (1979) Effect of the pesticides phosalone and lindane on the activity of some dipeptidases and disaccharidases in rat intestinal mucosa. Enzyme 24(5):281-284. 000008934 Nicholson, J.F.; Seay, R.E.; Pate, C.D.; et al. (1975) Test Lannate L on Pecans for Yellow Pecan Aphid Control. (Unpublished study received Sep 21, 1976 under 352-342; submitted by E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del.; CDL:095289-R) 000012622 Nielsen, D.G. (1973) Phytotoxicity of Selected Insecticides on Rep- resentative Woody Ornamental Plants—1973. (Unpublished study received May 29, 1975 under 100-501; submitted by Ciba-Geigy Corp., Greensboro, N.C.; CDL:115271-AD) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005015604 Nikolaishvili, A.A. (1970) Materialy o deistvii nekotorykh pestitsidov na britanskuyu shchitovku i eio prarsitov. [The effect of some pesticides on Britannia scale and its predators.] Subtropicheskie Kul'tury. [Subtropical Crops.] 4:174-175. 005013286 Nikulina, S.S.; Sokol'skaya, N.P. (1975) Vliyanie nekotorykh pestitsidov na ontogenez karpa. [Influence of some pesticides on ontogenesis in carp.] Veterinariya (Moscow). [Veterinary Science.] (7):94-95. 005012769 Novikova, K.F.; Mel'tser, F.R. (1971) Selektivnyi fotometricheskii metod opredeleniya mikrogrammovykh kolichestv benzofosfata. benzophosphate.] Zhurnal Analiticheskoi Khimii. [Journal of Analytical Chemistry.] XXVI(8):1651-1654. 005014558 Panchenko, S.E. (1975) Stabil'nost' nekotorykh gerbitsidov i insektsidov v vodnoi srede. [Stability of some herbicides and insecticides in an aqueous environment.] Pages 96-98, In Mekhanizm Deistviya Gerbitsidov i Sinteticheskikh Regulyatorov Rosta Rastenii Ikh Sud'ba v Biosfere, Materialy Mezhdunarodnogo Simpoziuma Stran-Chlenov SEV, 10th. [Mechanism of Action of Herbicides and Synthetic Plant Growth Regulators and their Ultimate Fate in Biosphere, Materials of the 10th International Symposium of Member Countries of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance.]; Apr 15-17, Pushchino, USSR. Vol. 2. Edited by M.S. Sokolov. Pushchino, USSR: Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Nauchnyi Tsentr Biologicheskikh Issledovanii. 000006295 Pasquet, J.; Mazuret, A. (1973) Phosalone Oxygen-Analog (12244 R.P.): Acute Percutaneous Toxicity in the Rat: S.U.C.R.P.— D.S.Ph. No. 16979. (Unpublished study received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; prepared by Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone- Poulenc, submitted by Rhodia, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:095979-K) 005014815 Pavlova, G.A. (1975) Stetorus—khishchnik pautinnogo kleshcha. (Moscow). [Plant Protection.] (1):23-24. 005015596 Pierrard, G. (1971) Effet de 1'utilisation de la phosalone sur la qualite de la fibre de coton. [The effect of phosalone usage on cotton fiber quality.] Mededelingen van de Faculteit Landbouwwetenschappen, Rijksuniversiteit Gent. [Communications of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, State University of Ghent.] 36(1):294-299. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005017545 Pis'mennaya, M.V.; Klisenko, M.A. (1969) Opredelenie ftalofoza, fozalona, fenkaptona, tsidiala metodom tonkosloinoi khroraatografii v produktakh rastitel'nogo proiskhozbdeniya. phosalone, phencapton and cidial in plant products.] Gigiena Primeneniya Toksikologiya Pestitsidov i Klinika Otravlenii. Clinical Aspects of Poisoning.] 7:591-595. 005016596 Pis'mennaya, M.V.; Klisenko, M.A. (1972) Tonkosloynaya khromatografiya ostatochnykh kolichestv novykh fosfororganicheskikh pestitsidov. [Thin layer chromatography of residual amounts of new organophosphorus pesticides.] Problemy Analiticheskoi Khimii. [Problems of Analytical Chemistry.] 2:111-115. 000008886 Poe, S.L. (1973) The Tomato Pinworm in Florida: Bradenton AREC Re- search Report GC1973-2. (Unpublished study received Dec 20, 1974 under 352-342; prepared by Univ. of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Agricultural Research and Educa- tion Center, submitted by E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co.; CDL: 022993-D) 000011418 Pollet, O.K. (1975) Pecan Demonstration Orchard Treatments, 1975. (Unpublished study including letter dated Dec 17, 1976 from O.K. Pollet and J.B. Aitken to Steve Dumford, received Dec 22, 1977 under 100-501; prepared by Clemson Univ., Cooperative Extension Service, Dept. of Entomology, submitted by Ciba-Geigy Corp., Greensboro, N.C.; CDL:232600-G) GS0027018 Popendorf, W. (1980) Exploring citrus harvesters' exposure to pesticides contaminated foliar dust. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 41: 000006792 Posner, S. (1971) Cow-Feeding Study with Phosalone (Technical) Insecticide (Dairy Cattle)—Biological Phase. (Unpublished study including letter dated Jul 26, 1971 from L.C. Brown to Lee E. TerBush, received Jun 13, 1974 under 359-620; prepared by Biometric Testing, Inc. for Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Rhone- Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:120351-T) 000006761 Posner, S. (1971) Cow-Feeding Study with Phosalone (Technical) Insecticide (Dairy Cattle)—Biological Phase. (Unpublished study including project no. 49-181, received Jun 26, 1972 under OF0983; prepared in cooperation with Biometric Testing, Inc., submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:091691-C) 000006630 Preiser, F.A.; Glass, E.H. (1968) Report No. BB 68-86. (Unpub- lished study received Dec 22, 1969 under 359-626; prepared in cooperation with Cornell Univ., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:003174-H) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 000006600 Preiser, F.A.; Semel, M. (1966) Zolone EC—Potatoes: Final Report No. BB 66-120. (Unpublished study received Dec 7, 1972 under 3F1337; prepared in cooperation with Cornell Univ., submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:094849-V) 000006479 Preiser, F.A.; Taschenberg, E.F. (1968) Report No. BB 68-91. (Un- published study received Nov 18, 1971 under 359-626; prepared in cooperation with Cornell Univ., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:003175-T) 005017308 Prishchepa, I.A. (1974) Vliianie insektitsidno-gerbitsidnykh smesei na napravlennost1 uglevodnogo obmena v rasteniiakh iachmenia. [Effect of insecticide-herbicidal mixtures on the direction of carbohydrate metabolism in barley plants.] Pages 82-84, _In Aktual'nye Voprosy Zashchity Rastenii v BSSR, Materialy Respublikanskoi Konferentsii Molodykh Uchenykh, 1st. Materials of the 1st Republic Conference of Young Scientists.]; 1974, Minsk, USSR. Edited by A.L. Ambrosov and V.V. Nikolaeva. Minsk, USSR: Belorusskii Nauchno-Issledovatel'skii Institut Zemledeliya. 005017487 Prishchepa, I.A.; Samersov, V.F. (1978) Deistvie ger'ididno-insektididnykh smesei na uri raziykh urovnyakh pitaniya. [Effect of herbicide-insecticide mixtures on the yield of barley grain at different nutritional levels.] Agrokhimiya. [Agricultural Chemistry.] (10):117-121. 005012768 Pristavko, V.P.; Degtyarev, B.C.; Chaika, V.N. (1976) Elektrofiziologicheskaya reaktsiya obonyaniya yablonnoi plodozhorki Laspeyresia pomonella L. kak vozmozhpyi ekspress-metod opredeleniya toksichnosti i soderzhaniya insektitsidov. [Electrophysiological reaction of the sense of smell of the lesser apple worm Laspeyresia pomonella L. as a possible quick test for determining toxicity and content of insecticides.] Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR. [Proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR.] 228(4):999-1000. 005014277 Pruszynski, S.; Cone, W.W. (1972) Relationships between Phytoseiulus persimilis and other enemies of the twospotted spider mite on hops. Environmental Entomology 1(4):431-433. 005015536 Pruszynski, S.; Cone, W.W. (1973) Biological observations of Typhlodromus occidentalis (Acarina: Phytoseiidae) on hops. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 66(1):47-51. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005013281 Pujman, V. (1972) Zmeny krevniho obrazu bazantu po podani nekterych pesticid. [Blood picture changes in pheasants following the administration of some pesticides.] [abstract]. Ceskoslovenska Fysiologie. [Czechoslovak Physiology.] 21(4):380. 005017094 Pulatov, B.A.; Antonovich, E.A. (1975) Vliyanie nekotorykh fosfororganicheskikh pestitsidov i gerbitsidov na khimicheskii sostav i pitatel'nuyu tsennost1 sel'skokhozyaistvennykh kul'tur. [Effect of some organophosphorous pesticides and herbicides on the chemical composition and nutritional value of agricultural crops.] Meditsinskii Zhurnal Uzbekistana 9:44-46. 005008144 Rajukkannu, K.; Saivaraj, K.; Vasudevan, P.; Balasubramanian, M. (1978) Residues of methyl parathion, quinalphos, phosalone and fenitrothion in/on okra [letter]. Current Science 47(20):782-783. 005009336 Rashid, S.; Roohi, R.A.; Naqvi, S.N.H. (1973) Characterization of acid phosphatase and its relation with insecticide metabolism in Bruchus chinensis (Linnaeus). Pages 209-218, In Environmental Quality and Safety. Vol. 2. New York: Academic Press. 005014546 Rasulev, B.D.; Tashbekov, T.U. (1972) Pestitsidy, mineral'nye udobreniya, i kachestvo plodov yabloni. [Pesticides, mineral fertilizers, and the quality of apples.] Meditsinskii Zhurnal Uzbekistana. [Medical Journal of Uzbekistan.] (5):24-26. 000006493 Rausina, G. (1974) Report to Rhodia, Inc., Chipman Division: Four- Day Static Aquatic Toxicity study with Zolone EC in Shore Crabs: IBT No. 621-04483. (Unpublished study received Jun 13, 1974 under 359-620; prepared by Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc. for Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Mon- mouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:120351-S) 000006492 Rausina, G. (1974) Report to Rhodia, Inc., Chipman Division: Four- Day Static Aquatic Toxicity Study with Zolone EC in Brown Shrimp, February 15, 1974: IBT No. 621-04483. (Unpublished study received Jun 13, 1974 under 359-620; prepared by Indus- trial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:120351-R) 000006933 Reed, L.R. (1964) Summary & Review Report: Residue Sampling Pro- gram for New Pesticides. (Unpublished study received Apr 17, 1964 under 7G0575; submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090736-CU) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 000006692 Reed, L.R. (1966) Insecticide—Phosalone—RP11974: SR/4/66. (Eng- lish translation of report no. 688; unpublished study received Dec 15, 1966 under 7G0575; prepared by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc. in cooperation with Centre Technique Interprofessionnel des Olea— gineax Metropolitains, I.N.T.A., Bee Station and Univ. of Cali- fornia—Riverside, submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Bur- lingame, Calif.; CDL:090729-G) 005011159 Renvall, S. (1977) Insektsmedel i bin och honung. [Insecticides in bees and honey.] Vaxtskyddsnotiser. [Notes on Plant Protection.] 41(3):77-79. GS0027026 Rhodia, Incorporated, Chipman Division (19??). The Results of Tests on the Amount of Phosalone Reisudes Remaining in or on Artichokes. Including a Description of the Analytical Method Used. Test Numbers 100472-036, 100471-035, 100471-036. Report 2733, 2734, 170473-050. (Unpublished study received ? under 3E1401) 000006659 Rhodia, Incorporated (19??) [Toxicity to Bees]. (pp. 5,8 only; un- published study received Nov 17, 1975 under 359-620; submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:223344-M) 000006736 Rhodia, Incorporated (19??) Analytical Methods. (Unpublished study received Jun 8, 1973 under 3H5038; CDL:221773-1) 000006108 Rhodia, Incorporated (19??) Contents Summary Statements. Summary of studies 095979-H through 095979-M. (Unpublished study re- ceived Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; CDL:095979-G) 000006072 Rhodia, Incorporated (19??) Oxygen Analog of Phosalone, R.P. 12244. (Unpublished study received Oct 16, 1967 under 9F0759; CDL: 093071-H) 000006120 Rhodia, Incorporated (19??) Phosalone in Dairy Cattle Tissue: Sum- mary. (Unpublished study received May 6, 1970 under OF0983; CDL:093292-G) 000006173 Rhodia, Incorporated (19??) Summary: Zolone WP Residue—Grapes. (Unpublished study received 1971 under 359-626; submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:122862-A) 000006106 Rhodia, Incorporated (19??) Technical Data Sheet. (Unpublished study received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; CDL:095979-C) 000006239 Rhodia, Incorporated (1964) Final Report: Tart Cherries: Report No. C 64-24. (Unpublished study received Mar 26, 1971 under 1F1155; CDL:093474-G) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 000006589 Rhodia, Incorporated (1966) Phosalone—Potato Petition. Summary of studies 093575-B through 093575-D. (Unpublished study received May 25, 1973 under 3F1337; CDL:093575-AL) 000006515 Rhodia, Incorporated (1966) Zolone EC: Grapefruit. Summary of studies 092026-BC and 092026-BE. (Unpublished study received Feb 16, 1970 under OF0948; CDL:092026-D) 000006516 Rhodia, Incorporated (1966) Zolone EC: Lemons. Summary of studies 092026-BD and 092026-BF. (Unpublished study received Feb 16, 1970 under OF0948; CDL:092026-E) 000006712 Rhodia, Incorporated (1967) Field and Analytical Data: Phosalone Residue in Apples—Ontario, Canada—1967. (Unpublished study received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; submitted by Chipman Chemi- cal Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091171-X) 000006717 Rhodia, Incorporated (1967) Phosalone Feeding Test. (Unpublished study received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; prepared in coopera- tion with Woodard Research Corp., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091171-AM) 000006123 Rhodia, Incorporated (1967) Summary: Analysis of Phosalone (RP 11974) Residue in Tissues of Beef Cattle and Sheep. (Unpub- lished study received May 6, 1970 under OF0983; CDL:093292-J) 000006080 Rhodia, Incorporated (1968) Apples—Phosalone. (Unpublished study received Sep 12, 1968 under 9F0759; CDL:091306-G) 000006081 Rhodia, Incorporated (1968) Pears—Phosalone. (Unpublished study received Sep 12, 1968 under 9F0759; CDL:091306-H) 000006122 Rhodia, Incorporated (1968) Reasonable Grounds in Support of the Petition: [Phosalone]. (Unpublished study received May 6, 1970 under OF0983; CDL:093292-1) 000006704 Rhodia, Incorporated (1968) Residue Data Requirements: [Phosalone]. Summary of studies 091171-F through 091171-M. (Unpublished study received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091171-E) 000006201 Rhodia, Incorporated (1969?) Stone Fruit Petition: [Phosalone]. (Unpublished study received Mar 26, 1971 under 1F1155; CDL: 093475-P) 000006513 Rhodia, Incorporated (1969) Zolone EC: Pecans. Summary of studies 092026-S through 092026-AB. (Unpublished study received Feb 16, 1970 under OF0948; CDL:092026-B) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 000006199 Rhodia, Incorporated (1969) Zolone EC: Product Number 300. (Unpub- lished study received Mar 26, 1971 under 1F1155; CDL:093475-1) 000006200 Rhodia, Incorporated (1969) Zolone WP: PN 304. (Unpublished study received Mar 26, 1971 under 1F1155; CDL:093475-L) 000006194 Rhodia, Incorporated (1970) Apricots: [Phosalone]. (Unpublished study received Mar 26, 1971 under 1F1155; CDL:093475-A) 000006195 Rhodia, Incorporated (1970) Cherries: [Phosalone]. (Unpublished study received Mar 26, 1971 under 1F1155; CDL:093475-B) 000006196 Rhodia, Incorporated (1970) Nectarines: [Phosalone]. (Unpublished study received Mar 26, 1971 under 1F1155; CDL:093475-C) 000006197 Rhodia, Incorporated (1970) Peaches: [Phosalone]. (Unpublished study received Mar 26, 1971 under 1F1155; CDL:093475-D) 000006198 Rhodia, Incorporated (1970) Prunes: [Phosalone]. (Unpublished study received Mar 26, 1971 under 1F1155; CDL:093475-E) 000006382 Rhodia, Incorporated (1970) Zolone EC: Apricots. Summary of stud- ies 093474-BI through 093474-BQ. (Unpublished study received May 6, 1970 under OF0983; CDL:091692-AE) 000006381 Rhodia, Incorporated (1970) Zolone EC: Peaches. Summary of studies 093474-N through 093474-R. (Unpublished study received May 6, 1970 under OF0983; CDL:091692-AC) 000006238 Rhodia, Incorporated (1970) Zolone EC: Prunes. Summary of studies 093474-AS through 093474-BH and 093474-BR. (Unpublished study received Mar 26, 1971 under 1F1155; CDL:093474-F) 000006577 Rhodia, Incorporated (1971?) Reasonable Grounds in Support of the Petition: [Zolone]. (Unpublished study received May 25, 1973 under 3F1337; CDL:093575-R) 000006210 Rhodia, Incorporated (1971) Phosalone—Tea: Phosalone Residue Stud- ies. (Unpublished study including letters dated Jul 19, 1972 from J. Metivier and P. Petrinko to Tea Research Association and Aug 1, 1972 from B. Banerjec to Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc, received Jun 8, 1973 under 3H5038; prepared in cooperation with Tea Research Association and United Planters Association of Southern India; CDL:221773-B) 000006591 Rhodia, Incorporated (1971) Potatoes: Phytotoxicity Summary. Sum- mary of studies 094849-D, 094849-E, 094849-AB, 094849-AI, 094849-AO, 094849-AR, 094849-AT and 094849-AW. (Unpublished study received Dec 7, 1972 under 3F1337; CDL:094849-C) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 000006510 Rhodia, Incorporated (1971) Zolone EC: Pecans. Summary of studies 091617-L through 091617-X. (Unpublished study received on un- known date under OF0948; CDL:091617-A) 000006357 Rhodia, Incorporated (1972?) Phosalone Dried Apple Pomace Data. Includes undated method. (Unpublished study received Jun 26, 1972 under OF0983; prepared in cooperation with Cornell Univ., New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Dept. of Food Science and Technology; CDL:091691-A) 000006733 Rhodia, Incorporated (1972) Effect of Zolone EC on Stone Fruits; Phytotoxicity: Part 1. (Unpublished study including district project nos. F 72-62, F 72-63, Port 72-27, Port 72-32 and Port 72-41, received Mar 16, 1973 under 359-620; submitted by Rhone- Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:096444-A) 000006091 Rhodia, Incorporated (1972) Efficacy Data Summary: [Zolone]. Sum- mary of studies 093518-M through 093518-AB. (Unpublished study received on unknown date under 2F1193; CDL:093518-L) 000006578 Rhodia, Incorporated (1972) Zolone EC—Potatoes. Summary of stud- ies 093575-X through 093575-AI. (Unpublished study received May 25, 1973 under 3F1337; CDL:093575-S) 000006594 Rhodia, Incorporated (1972) Zolone EC: Potatoes. Summary of stud- ies 094849-P, 094849-Q, and 094849-S through 094849-AW. (Unpub- lished study received Dec 7, 1972 under 3F1337; CDL:094849-G) 000006061 Rhodia, Incorporated (1973) Effect of Zolone EC on Yield and Qual- ity of Stone Fruits: Part 2. (Unpublished study including letters dated Jan 4, 1973 from F.R. Hall to Julius Szabo; Jun 30, 1972 from S.C. Jones to Everett P. Smyth; Aug 25, 1972 from J.B. Curtis to D.I. Wang; Nov 17, 1972 from G.R. Garner to Harold D. Knobel; Aug 23, 1972 from J.C. Taylor to Jim Bone; Aug 31, 1972 from R. Brown to D.I. Wang; July 10, 1972 from G.R. Post to E. Lillie; Jul 3, 1972 from R.E. Rice to D.T. Lillie; Jul 12, 1972 from J.E. Dibble to D.T. Lillie; Sep 11, 1972 from A.D. Saso to Der I Wang; Aug 24, 1972 from R.J. Franklin to Dr. Wang, and Jan 18, 1973 from A.J. Howitt to Julius G. Szabo, re- ceived Mar 16, 1973 under 359-620; submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:096444-B) 000006112 Rhodia, Incorporated (1974?) Zolone—Alflafa [sic]: Reasonable Grounds in Support of the Petition. (Unpublished study received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; CDL:095979-N) 000006488 Rhodia, Incorporated (1974) Environmental Impact Studies for Phosa- lone. (Unpublished study including PR notice 70-15, received Jun 13, 1974 under 359-620; submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:120351-A) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 000006148 Rhodia, Incorporated (1974) Zolone—Carrot: Quarterly Report Ending August 22, 1974. (Unpublished study received Sep 24, 1974 under 359-EX-52; submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:225864-A) 000006965 Rhodia, Incorporated (1975?) Content Summary Statements. Summary of studies 098088-B through 098088-P and 098088-T through 098088-Y. (Unpublished study received Mar 4, 1976 under 6F1753; CDL:098088-A) 000006168 Rhodia, Incorporated (1975) Summary Report on the Zolone-Carrot Ex- perimental Use Program for the Period May 22, 1974 to May 21, 1975. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1975 under 359-EX-52; submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL: 225861-A) 000006662 Rhodia, Incorporated (1977?) Introduction: [Phosalone]. Summary of studies 229759-B through 229759-J. (Unpublished study received May 10, 1977 under 359-620; submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:229759-A) 000006489 Rhone-Poulenc, Incorporated (1967) Toxicity to Bees. Summary of studies 120351-G through 120351-1. (Unpublished study received Jun 13, 1974 under 359-620; prepared in cooperation with Wash- ington State Univ. and Univ. of California, Agricultural Exten- sion Service; CDL:120351-F) 000006782 Rhone-Poulenc, Incorporated (1969) Zolone WP Formulation: Apples. Summary of studies 003174-A through 003174-T. (Unpublished study received Dec 22, 1969 under 359-626; CDL:003174-V) 005015300 Richard, Y.; Brener, L. (1978) Organic materials produced upon ozonization of water. Pages 169-188, In Ozone/Chlorine Dioxide Oxidation Products of Organic Materials, Proceedings of a Conference; Nov 17-19, 1976, Cincinnati, Ohio. Edited by R.G. Rice and J.A. Cotruvo. Cleveland, Ohio: Ozone Press International. 005012670 Rovinskii, F.Y.; Gasilina, N.K. (1978) Problemy analiza pri kontrole zagryazneniya okruzhayushchei sredy. [Analytical problems in monitoring environmental pollution.] Zhurnal Analiticheskoi Khimii. [Journal of Analytical Chemistry.] XXXIII(1):160-170. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005016978 Sabirova, D.U.; Bobyreva, T.V. (1974) Vliyaniye fozalona i ftalofosa na khishchnika pautinnogo kleshcha Stethorus on Stethorus punctillum Ws., a predator of the spider mite.] Pages 138-139, JEn Materialy S'ezda Vsesoyuznogo Entomologicheskogo Obshchestva, 7th. [Materials of the 7th Congress of the Ail-Union Entomological Society.]; 1974, Leningrad, USSR. Vol. 2. Edited by I.M. Kerzhner. Leningrad, USSR: Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Zoologicheskii Institut. 005006146 Safonov, N.M. (1968) Toksikologicheskaya kharakteristika novogo fosfororganicheskogo insektitsida fozalona. [Toxicological characteristics of the new organophosphorus insecticide phosalone; preliminary data.] Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. [Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases.] 12(12):43-44. 005014686 Sagredos, A.N.; Eckert, W.R. (1976) Methoden zur Bestimmung von Phytopharmaka in Tabak und Tabakerzeugnissen. II. Mitteilung: Zur Simultanbestimmung von hexanloeslichen Organophosphor-Pflanzenschutzmitteln. [Methods for the determination of phytopharmaceuticals in tobacco and tobacco products. Part II. Simultaneous determination of hexane-soluble organophosphorus pesticides.] Beitraege zur Tabakforschung 8(7):447-454. 005015603 Samersov, V.F.; Prishchepa, I.A. (1976) Insektitsidno-gerbitsidnye smesi dlya zashity yachmenya. [Insecticide-herbicide mixtures for protecting barley.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. 005011353 Samersov, V.F.; Prishchepa, I.A. (1978) Vliyanie gerbitsidno-insektotsidnykh smesei na soderzhanie azotistykh seshchestv v rasteniyakh iachmenia. [Effect of herbicide-insecticide mixtures on the level of nitrogenous substances in barley plants.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. 000006128 Schafer, C.A.; Stier, E.F. (1974) Sensory Evaluation Report on Carrot. (Unpublished study received Feb 12, 1974 under 4E1468; prepared in cooperation with Rutgers Univ., Dapt. of Food Science, submitted by Interregional Research Project No. 4, New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093909-1) 000006694 Scott, W.J.; Beliles, R.P. (1966) Phosalone: Potentiation Studies in the Rat with Marketed Pesticides: Addendum. (Unpublished study received Dec 15, 1966 under 7G0575; prepared by Wbcdard Research Corp., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Bur- lingame, Calif.; CDL:090729-J) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard OC5016280 Sedykh, A.S.; Abelentseva, G.M.; Ivanova, G.B. (1971) Chuvstvitel'nost1 biologicheskogo i tonkosloyno-khromatograficheskogo metodov opredeleniya ostatkov pestitsidov. [Sensitivity of biological and thin-layer chromatographic methods of determining pesticide residues.] Pages 277-278, In Proceedings of the 13th International Congress of Entomology; Aug 2-9, 1968, Moscow. Vol. 2. Edited by G.Y. Bei-Bienko. 005016022 Sedykh, A.S.; Popov, P.V.; Abelentseva, G.M.; Shapovalova, G.K.; Ivanova, G.B. (1972) Chuvstvitel'nost1 biologicheskogo i tonkosloinokhromatograficheskogo metodov opredeleniya ostatkov pestitsidov. [Sensitivity of biological and thin-layer chromatographic methods of determining pesticide residues.] Problemy Analiticheskoi Khimii. [Problems of Analytical Chemistry.] 2:130-135. 005015382 Semenova, S.A.; Golubeva, Z.Z.; Siforova, T.A. (1967) Toksichnost' nekotorykh fosfororganicheskikh insectoakaritsidov dlya pautinnogo kleshcha i poleznykh nasekomykh. [Toxicity of some organophosphorus acaricides for spider mites and useful insects.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 5(12):61. 005007625 Serat, W.F.; Bailey, J.B. (1974) Estimating the relative toxicologic potential of each pesticide in a mixture of residues on foliage. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 12(6):682-686. 005013283 Shakhsuvarian, N.V. (1972) Vliianie zolona na rasteniia khlopchatnika pri maloob'emnom opryskanii. [Effect of Zolone on cotton plants during low-volume spraying„] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 10(4):282-283. 005013282 Shakhsuvarian, N.V.; Stepanov, F.A. (1974) Vliianie benzofosfata i gardony na nekotorye fiziologi-biokhimicheskie protsessy v rasteniiakh khlopchatnika pri maloob'emnom opryskanii. [Effect of benzophosphate and Gardona on certain physiological and biochemical processes in cotton plants during low-volume spraying.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 12(8):588-589. 005013871 Shapovalova, G.K.; Galitsina, V.V. (1973) Vliyanie vodorastvorimoi plenki na insektitsidnost' benzofosfata. [The effect of a water soluble film on the insecticidal activity of benzophosphate.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 11(2):117. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005015597 005018184 005010412 005014276 005014465 005014822 005019956 000006243 000006639 Shapovalova, G.K.; Sedykh, A.S.; Abelentseva, G.M. (1970) Ob effektivnosti primeneniia ftalofosa i benzofosfata protiv kryzhovnikovoi ognevki i ostatkakh insektitsidov na iagodakh. combat gooseberry moth ( Zophodia convolutella ), and insecticide residues on the berries.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 8(8):594-595. Sharashidze, O.V.; Bakanidze, M.S. (1975) Vliyanie razlichnykh fosfororganicheskikh preparatov na fiziologo-biokhimicheskie protessy chainogo rasteniya i na kachestvo gotovoi produktsii chaya. [Effect of various organophosphorus preparations on the physiological-biochemical processes of tea plants and on the quality of prepared tea products.] Subtropicheskie Kul'tury. Shaw, F.R.; Callahan, R.A.; Miller, M.C. (1966) Rates of disappearance of Zolone and Imidan from alfalfa. Journal of Economic Entomology 59(6):1524-1525. Shinde, V.P.; Gatlewar, W.N.; Sansare, G.M.; Ramachandran, K.; Athlekar, S.V.; Mhatre, N. (1978) Evaluation of tolerability of phosalone (Zolone) 35% EC, an organophosphatic insecticide, by human beings exposed to aerial spray under Indian field conditions—part I. Pesticides 12(8):23-34,36. Shoyama, M. (1977) Hakuso oyobi gasu kuromatografui ni yoru satchuzai no ensoku na dotei no tame n& benzokuho. insecticides by thin-layer and gas chromatography.] Bunseki Kagaku. [Japan Analyst.] 26(7):499-502. Shoyama, M.; Miyachi, Y.; Sakakibara, J. (1976) Enka palladium to p-nitroso N,N-diethylaniline wo riyo shita ganiwo yuki rinkei sacchuzai no hishoku teiryo. [Colorimetric determination of organothiophosphorus pesticides with palladium chloride and p-nitroso N,N-diethylaniline.] Bunseki Kagaku. [Japan Analyst.] 25(3):179-182. Singh, B.; Dhaliwai, G.S.; Kalra, R.L. (1980) Residues of quinalphos and phosalone in tomato. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 24(3):423-426. Smyth, E.P.; Burkhart, D.; McCollister, E.G. (1969) Final Report: District Project No. Port 69-19. (Unpublished study received Mar 26, 1971 under 1F1155; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Bruns- wick, N.J.; CDL:093474-L) Smyth, E.P.; Hoyt, S. (1969) Summary Report: District Project No. Port 69-40. (Unpublished study received Dec 22, 1969 under 359-626; submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:003174-Q) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 000006283 Smyth, E.P.; Jones, S.C. (1970) Final Report: District Project No. Port 70-22. (Unpublished study received Mar 26, 1971 under 1F1155; prepared in cooperation with Oregon State Univ., Ento- mology Dept., submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093474-BD) 000006858 Smyth, E.P.; Westigard, P. (1967) Report No. Port 67-24. (Unpub- lished study received Jul 5, 1968 under 8F0668; submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:092027-BV) 000006641 Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc (1963) General Charac- teristics and Properties of Phosalone (R.P. 11974). Summary of studies 123396-B through 123396-K. (English translation; unpub- lished study received 1965 under 359-EX-46; submitted by Rhone- Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:123396-A) 000006396 Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc (1966) Phosalone: Data for the U.S. Public Health Department: R.P.—D.S.Ph. No. 11340. (Unpublished study received Feb 2, 1967 under 7G0575; submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090727-P) 000006676 Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc (1968) Phosalone and Oxygen-Analog (12244 R.P.): Residues in Apples, Pears and Grapes: R.P.—D.S.Ph. No. 12646. (Unpublished study received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc-., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091170-D) 000006674 Societe des Usines Chimiques Rhone-Poulenc (1968) 12244 R.P.: Oxygen Analog of Phosalone: Acute Oral Toxicity and Anticho- linesterasic Activity in Vitro: R.P.—D.S.Ph. No. 12644. (Un- published study received Jun 14, 1968 under 8F0668; submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:091170-B) 005018191 Specht, W. (1978) Methode zur raschen Aufarbeitung groesserer Fettmengen fuer die Analyse von Pestizidrueckstaenden. [Quick method for processing sizeable quantities of fat for the analysis of pesticide residues.] Mitteilungsblatt der GDCh-Fachgruppe Lebensmittelchemie und Gerichtliche Chemie 32(3):51-53. 005008228 Spehar, R.L.; Holcombe, G.W.; Carlson, R.W.; Drummond, R.A. ; Yount, J.D.; Pickering, Q.H. (1979) Effects of pollution on freshwater fish. Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation 51(6):1616-1694. 000006738 Spencer, W.T.; Hofmaster, R.N. (1974) Final Report: District Project No. 314574-011. (Unpublished study received May 10, 1977 under 359-620; prepared by Rhodia, Inc. in cooperation with Virginia Truck and Ornamentals Research Station, submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:229758-AY) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005010532 Spynu, Y.I.; Vrochinskiy, K.K. ; Zor'yeva, T.-D. ; Man'ko, N.N. (1972) Kompleksnoye gigiyenicheskoye normirovaniye novykh fosfororganischeskikh pestitsidov v ob'yektakh vneshney sredy. pesticides in environmental objects.] Gigiena i Sanitariya. 005014392 Stevenson, J.H. ; Walker, J. (1975) Oil seed rape and honeybee poisoning. Pages 497-501, _In Proceedings of the 8th British Insecticide and Fungicide Conference. London, England: British Crop Protection Council. 000012490 Stier, E.F. (1965) Flavor Evaluation Report on Tomatoes. (Unpub- lished study received Nov 10, 1972 under 3F1323; prepared by Rutgers Univ., submitted by Ciba-Geigy Corp., Greensboro, N.C. ; CDL:093552-BY) 000006087 Stier, E.F. (1971) Sensory Evaluation Report on Citrus. (Unpub- lished study received on unknown date under 2F1193; prepared by Rutgers Univ., Dapt. of Food Science, submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N. J. ; CDL:093518-D) 005019250 Syoyama, M. ; Miyachi, Y. ; Sakakibara, J. (1976) Enkaparajium to p-nitoroso N,N-jiechiruanirin o riyoshita ganioyukirinkeisacchuzai no hishokuteiryo. [Colorimetric determination of organothiophosphorus pesticides with palladium chloride and p-nitroso-N,N-diethylaniline. ] Bunseki Kagaku. 000006593 Szabo, J. ; Sleesman, J.P. (1971) Zolone EC—Potatoes: Final Report No. CH 71-103. (Unpublished study received Dec 7, 1972 under 3F1337; prepared in cooperation with Ohio State Univ., Dept. of Entomology, submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N. J. ; CDL:094849-E) 000006592 Szabo, J. ; Wells, A. (1971) Zolone EC — Potatoes: Final Report No. CH 71-61. (Unpublished study received Dec 7, 1972 under 3F1337; prepared in cooperation with Michigan State Univ., sub- mitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N. J. ; CDL:094849-D) 005009355 Szalontai, G. (1976) High-performance liquid chroma tog raphy of organophosphorus insecticides. Journal of Chroma tog raphy 005013358 Tasei, J.N. ; Capou, J. ; Michaud, D. (1977) Action de quelques insecticides sur une abeille solitaire: Megachile pesticides on a solitary bee: Megachile pacifica Panz. (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae) . ] Apidologie 8 (2): 111-127. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005009882 Tawata, S.; Eto, M.; Ishiguro, T. (1978) Studies on oxazaphospholidines with pesticidal activities: I. Synthesis and insecticidal activities of 2-chloromethyl-l,3,2- oxazaphospholidine 2-oxides. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University 22(3):169-177. 005016594 Tigane, E.Y. (1971) Vydelenie chistykh pestitsidnych preparatov iz ikh tekhnicheskikh smesyei dlia primenieniya v kachestvie analiticheskikh etalonov. [Separation of pure pesticide preparations from their technical mixtures "for use as analytical standards.] Pages 373-375, In Trudy Vsesoyuznogo Soveshchaniya po Issledovaniyu Ostatkov Pestitsidov i Profilaktike Zagryazneniya Imi Produktov Pitaniya, Kormov i Vneshnei Sredy, Metody Analiza, 2nd. [Transactions of the 2nd Ail-Union Conference on the Residues of Pesticides and Prophylaxis of Contamination by Them of Foodstuffs, Feeds and the Environment, Methods of Analysis.]; 1970, Tallin, USSR. Edited by O.M. Tamm. 005007126 Tolstova, Y.S. ; lonova, Z.A. (1973) Chuvstivitelnost Trikhogrammy k pestitsidam. [Sensitivity of Trichogramma to pesticides.] Zaschita Rastenii (Moscow). 000006071 Totman, L.C.; Imming, R.J.; Wbodard, G. (1967) Phosalone: Analysis of Compound Residue in Tissues of Beef Cattle and Sheep. (Un- published study received Oct 16, 1967 under 9F0759; prepared by Woodard Research Corp., submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Bruns- wick, N.J.; CDL:093071-E) 005010803 Travis, J.W. ; Hull, L.A.; Miller, J.D. (1978) Toxicity of insecticides to the aphid predator Coccinella novemnotata . Environmental Entomology 7(6):785-786. 005014543 Trondina, G.A. (1978) Metod razdel'nogo opredeleniya ftalofosa i fozalona v rybe i vode. [Method for the separate determination of phthalophos and phosalone in fish and water.] Veterinariya (Moscow). [Veterinary Science.] (6):96-98. GS0027002 U.S.D.A. (1969) Fish Toxicity Laboratory Report. I.D. Number 62841. (Unpublished report concerning the toxicity of Zolone 3EC on bluegills; prepared by the Animal Biology Laboratory, ARS- PR, ARC. Beltsville, MD) GS0027001 U.S.D.A. (1969) Fish Toxicity Laboratory Report. I.D. Number 62841. (Unpublished report concerning the toxicity of Zolone 3EC on rainbow trout; prepared by the Animal Biology Laboratory, ARS-PR, ARC, Beltsville, MD) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005015131 Ubaidullaev, R.; Kamil'dzhanov, A.K. (1976) K toksikologii malykh kontsentratsii fozalona v atmosfernom vozdukhe. [Toxicology of low concentrations of phosalone in the atmosphere.] Gigiena i Sanitariya. [Hygiene and Sanitation.] 41(7):10-14. 005012947 Ubaidullaev, R.U. (1973) Gigienicheskaia otsenka nekotorykh pestitsidov, primeniaemykh v usloviiakh zharkogo klimata. climate.] Meditsinskii Zhurnal Uzbekistana. [Medical Journal of Uzbekistan.] 8:40-44. 005014949 Valenta, V.T.; Zhegas, A.K. (1977) Fitotoksichnost' insektitsidov dlya sazhentsev sosny. [Phytotoxicity of insecticides for pine tree seedlings.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 15(3):46-50. 005017186 Varchenko, V.N. (1977) Vliyanie sistem opryskivaniya yabloni na chislennost1 entomofauny. [Influence of systems for spraying apple trees on the entomofauna population.] Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve. [Chemistry in Agriculture.] 15(l):73-75. 005009798 Varma, R.S.; Nobles, W.L. (1968) Synthesis and antibacterial activity of certain 3-substituted benzoxazolinones. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 57(1):39-44. 005000787 Verma, S.R.; Bhatnagar, M.C.; Dalela, R.C. (1978) Biocides in relation to water pollution. Part 2: bioassay studies of few biocides to a fresh water fish, Channa gachua . Acta Hydrochimica et Hydrobiologica 6(2):137-144. 005018285 Verma, S.R.; Tyagi, A.K.; Bhatnagar, M.C.; Dalela, R.C. (1979) Organophosphate poisoning to some fresh water teleosts—acetylcholinesterase inhibition. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 21(4/5):502-506. 005014685 Veschambre, D.; Espanel, G.; Touzeau, J.; Grouiller, A. (1976) Tomates et residus pesticides. [Tomatoes and pesticide residues.] Pepinieristes Horticulteurs Maraichers 171:25-29. 005017544 Vioque, A.; Albi, T. (1978) Determinacion de residues de insecticidas fosforados en aceitunas. [Determination of phosphorus containing insecticide residues in olives.] Grasas y Aceites (Seville) 29(1):37-44. 005014540 Vrochinskii, K.K. (1971) Nakoplenie pestitsidov v gidrobiontakh kak test dlya ikh otsenki eksperimental'noi vodnoi toksikologii. [Accumulation of pesticides in hydrobionts as a measure for evaluating experimental water toxicology.] Eksperimental'naya Vodnaya Toksikologiya. [Experimental Water Tox icology.] (2):149-163. ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005014280 Vrochinskii, K.K. (1972) K prognozironvaniiu dinamiki ostatkov fozalona v vode vodoemov. [Predicting phosalone residue dynamics in reservoir water.] Rybnoe Khozyaistvo (Moscow). 005019859 Vrochinskii, K.K. (1973) Vliyanie nekotorykh pestitsidov na sanitarnii rezhim vodoema i organolepticheskie svoistva vody. the organoleptic characteristics of the water.] Eksperimental'naya Vodnaya Toksikologiya. [Experimental Water Toxicology.] (4):97-103. 005013278 Vylegzhanina, G.F.; Kalmykova, P.G. (1972) Kachestvennyi i kolichestvennyi metody opredeleniia fozalona v iablokakh i iablonevykh list'iakh. [Qualitative and quantitative methods of determination of phosalone in apples and apple leaves.] Problemy Analiticheskoi Khimii. [Problems of Analytical Chemistry.] 2:32-38. 000008167 Wagner, H.W. (1972) Compatibility Study of Multiple Spray Material Combinations. (Unpublished study received Mar 4, 1974 under 352-362; prepared by Canada, Dept. of Agriculture, Research Station, submitted by E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del.; CDL:026710-E) 000006252 Wang, D. (1969) Final Report: District Project No. PAW 69-3. (Un- published study including district project no. PAW 69-3A, re- ceived Mar 26, 1971 under 1F1155; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093474-W) 000006361 Wang, D. (1969) Summary Report: District Project No. PAW 69-6. (Unpublished study received May 6, 1970 under OF0983; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:091692-D) 000006293 Wang, D. (1970) Final Report: District Project No. PAW 70-10. (Un- published study received Mar 26, 1971 under 1F1155; prepared in cooperation with Paul A. Mariani Co., submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093474-BQ) 000006288 Wang, D. (1970) Final Report: District Project No. PAW 70-12. (Un- published study including district project no. 70-12A, received Mar 26, 1971 under 1F1155; prepared in cooperation with Paul A. Mariani Co., submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093474-BK) 000006282 Wang, D. (1970) Final Report: District Project No. PAW 70-14. (Un- published study received Mar 26, 1971 under 1F1155; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093474-BC) 300006289 Wang, D. (1970) Final Report: District Project No. PAW 70-20 and 20A. (Unpublished study received Mar 26, 1971 under 1F1155; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093474-BM) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 000006294 000006477 000006114 000006115 000006145 000006431 000006253 000006064 005016364 000006658 Wang, D. (1970) Final Report: District Project No. PAW 70-22. (Un- published study received Mar 26, 1971 under 1F1155; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093474-BR) Wang, D. (1970) Final Report: District Project No. PAW 70-29. (Unpublished study received Nov 18, 1971 under 359-626; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:003175-N) Wang, D. (1970) Summary Report: District Project No. PAW 70-4c. (Unpublished study received Sep 2, 1970 under OF0983; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:091693-C) Wang, D. (1970) Summary Report: District Project No. PAW 70-42. (Unpublished study received Sep 2, 1970 under OF0983; submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:091693-D) Wang, D. (1972) Final Report: District Project No. FW 72-25. (Un- published study received Mar 16, 1973 under 359-620; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junc- tion, N.J.; CDL:009830-C) Wang, D. (1972) Final Report: District Project No. FW 72-25. (Un- published study received Mar 16, 1973 under 359-620; prepared by Rhodia, Inc., submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junc- tion, N.J.; CDL:008914-C) Wang, D.; Kline, N. (1969) Final Report: District Project No. PAW 69-4. (Unpublished study received Mar 26, 1971 under 1F1155; prepared in cooperation with Niagara Chemical Co., submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:093474-Y) Wang, D.; Rough, D. (1970) Final Report: District Project No. FW 71-92. (Unpublished study received Apr 12, 1972 under 1F1155; prepared in cooperation with Univ. of California, submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:096445-D) Wang, R.T. (1975) Phosalon tze bi se ding liang fa. [A colorimetric method for the determination of phosalone.] Hsueh. [Chemistry.] (4):108-111. Hua Washington State University, Cooperative Extension Service (19??) Insecticide Toxicity to Honey Bees. (Unpublished study in- cluding test no. Port 68-67, received Nov 17, 1975 under 359- 620; submitted by Rhone-Poulenc, Inc., Monmouth Junction, N.J.; CDL:223344-L) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 005010805 Weintraub, P.P.; Vylegjanina, G.F.; Nesterova, I.P.; Patrashku, F.I. (1975) Residual amounts of organophosphate insecticides in plant products. Pages 180-182, Jjn Pesticides: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry Third International Congress; Jul 3-9, 1974, Helsinki, Finland. Edited by F. Coulston and F. Korte. Stuttgart, West Germany: George Thieme. (Environmental quality and safety supplement, vol. Ill) 005009137 Weintraub, F.P.; Vylegzhanina, G.F.; Dron, L.P.; Kejser, L.S.; Nesterova, I.P.; Patrashku, F.I. (1978) Pathways of pesticide dissipation and decomposition. Pages 140-156, Ir± Symposium on Environmental Transport and Transformation of Pesticides. Athens, Ga.: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory. (EPA report no. EPA-600/9-78-003; available from: NTIS, Springfield, VA; PB 280 714) 005009309 Winterlin, W.; Mourer, C.; Bailey, J.B. (1974) Degradation of four organophosphate insecticides in grape tissues. Pesticides Monitoring Journal 8(1):59-65. 000006682 Woodard, G. (1966) [Phosalone Chronic Dog Study: Clinical Chemistry Determinations Performed at 39-40 Weeks]. (Unpublished study including letter dated Mar 5, 1966 from G. Woodard to Leslie R. Reed, received Dec 12, 1966 under 7G0575; prepared by Woodard Research Corp., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Bur- lingame, Calif.; CDL:090728-A) 000006683 Woodard, M.W.; Cockrell, K.O.; Woodard, G. (1966) Phosalone: Safety Evaluation by Repeated Oral Administration to Rats and Dogs for 104 Weeks: Interim Report—53 Weeks. (Unpublished study re- ceived Dec 12, 1966 under 7G0575; prepared by Woodard Research Corp., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090728-B) 000006685 Woodard, M.W.; Cockrell, K.O.; Woodard, G. (1966) Phosalone: Sub- acute Dermal Toxicity of Phosalone (R.P. 11974) for the Rabbit. (Unpublished study received Dec 12, 1966 under 7G0575; prepared by Woodard Research Corp., submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090728-D) 000006686 Woodard, M.W.; Cockrell, K.O.; Woodard, G. (1966) Phosalone: Three- Generation Reproduction Study in the Rat: Interim Report F-0 Generation. (Unpublished study received Dec 12, 1966 under 7G0575; prepared by Woodard Research Corp., submitted by Chip- man Chemical Co., Inc., Burlingame, Calif.; CDL:090728-E) ------- OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS REGISTRATION STANDARD BIBLIOGRAPHY Citations Examined and Judged to be Inappropriate For Use in Developing the Standard 000006699 Woodard, M.W.; Greenstein, E.T.; Woodard, G. (1966) Phosalone: Safety Evaluation by Repeated Oral Administration to Rats and Dogs for 104 Weeks: Interim Report—26 Weeks. (Unpublished study received Dec 15, 1966 under 7G0575; prepared by Woodard Research Corp.; submitted by Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., Bur- lingame, Calif.; CDL:090729-O) 000006509 Woodard, M.W.; Howard, D.J.; Donoso, J.; Woodard, G. (1967) Phosa- lone: Safety Evaluation by Repeated Oral Administration to Rats for 103-104 Weeks. (Unpublished study received on unknown date under 1F1155; prepared by Woodard Research Corp. for Chipman Chemical Co., Inc., submitted by Rhodia, Inc., New Brunswick, N.J.; CDL:098482-A) 005015525 Yaroshenko, V.I. (1974) Ekspress-metod diagnostiki otravleniya ptshel. [Rapid method for the diagnosis of poisoning of bees.] Veterinariya (Moscow). [Veterinary Science.] (1):98-99. 005012297 Zhuravskaya, S.A.; Bobyreva, T.V.; Gargav, V.P.; Sobchak, M.N.; Sabirova, D.U. (1972) Izbiratel'naya toksichnost1 fosfororganicheskikh preparatov dlya vrediteley khlopchatnika i ikh entomofagov. [Selective toxicity of organophosphorus preparations for cotton pests and their predators.] Uzbekskii Biologicheskii Zhurnal. [Uzbek Biological Journal.] 16(5):46-48. 005009799 Zlateva, M.; Softova, E. (1976) Changes in the spleen of albino rats subjected to low-frequency vibration on the screen of chronic intoxication with the pesticide "Zolon". Folia Biologica 24(1):147-152. 005015533 Zlateva, M.; Softova, E. (1977) Gistologicheskie i gistokhimicheskie issledovaniya miokarda belykh krys, podvergnutykh vozdeistviyu obshei vibratsii na fone predvaritel'noi intoksikatsii fosfororganicheskim preparatom "zolon". [Histological and histochemical studies of the myocardium in albino rats subjected to the action of general vibration against a background of preliminary poisoning with the organophosphoric preparation "Zolon".] Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. [Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases.] 21(l):43-47. ------- |