&EPA
             United States
             Environmental Protection
             Agency
             Environmental Monitoring
             Systems Laboratory
             P.O. Box 93478
             Las Vegas NV 89193-3478
EPA/600/4-89/045B
November 1989
             Research and Development
Proximity of Delaware
Sanitary Landfills
to Wetlands and
Deepwater  Habitats

Data on
Individual
Landfills

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                                                 EPA 600/4-89/045B
                                                 November 1989
PROXIMITY OF DELAWARE SANITARY LANDFILLS  TO WETLANDS AND
                   DEEPWATER HABITATS
              Data on Individual Landfills
                           by
                    Robin L. Gebhard
               National Wetlands Inventory
             U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
              St.  Petersburg,  Florida 33702

           Roy C.  Herndon and John E.  Moerlins
  Center for Biomedical and Toxicological  Research  and
               Hazardous Waste Management
                Florida State University
             Tallahassee,  Florida 32306-4016

                           and

                    Victor W. Lambou
      Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory
          U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
              Las Vegas, Nevada  89193-3478
      ENVIRONMENTAL  MONITORING SYSTEMS LABORATORY
           OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
          U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                 LAS  VEGAS,  NEVADA 89114

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                           NOTICE
The information  in  this document has been  funded  wholly or
in part ,by the  U.S.  Environmental Protection Agency  under
Grant No. CR-815139010  to  the Florida State University.   It
has been  subject to  the  Agency's peer  and administrative
review and  it has been  approved for publication  as an  EPA
document.   Mention of trade  names or  commercial products
does not constitute endorsement  or  recommendation for use.
                            ii

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                          ABSTRACT
     Sanitary  landfills  can  cause  considerable  harm  to
sensitive  ecosystems  if  they  are  not  properly  located,
designed,  and  managed.   The purpose of  this report  is to
document  the  proximity  of  individual  sanitary  landfills
included included  in  this  study  in the  state of Delaware to
wetlands   and  deepwater   habitats  (i.e.,   rivers,   lakes,
streams,  bays,  etc.); a  companion report   summarizes  the
statewide  results.     The   data  on  individual  landfills
include:   (1)    general   facility/site   data,    and    (2)
wetlands/deepwater habitat data.
                           iii

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                          CONTENTS
                                                        Page

Abstract                                                 iii
    Introduction                                           1
    Conclusion                                             1
    Materials and Methods                                  1
    Results                                                2
Literature Cited                                           3
Appendix A Coding Key and Abbreviations                    4
Appendix B Data on Individual Sanitary Landfills          10
                           iv

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                         INTRODUCTION

     Sanitary  landfills,  as typically  defined,  are  waste
management  facilities  regulated  under  Subtitle  D of  the
Resource  Conservation   and  Recovery  Act   (RCRA).    These
facilities  are  commonly  referred  to  as   municipal  waste
landfills  and  they are  primarily  used to receive  household
refuse and nonhazardous  commercial waste.  However, sanitary
landfills also receive other types of  Subtitle D waste, such
as  sewage  sludge and industrial wastes.   Sanitary  landfills
typically  receive  some  hazardous  waste  in the form  of
household  hazardous waste,  and hazardous waste  from small
quantity  generators  as  defined  in  40  CFR  Part  261.10
(Definitions).   Depending upon  the definition of a sanitary
landfill  used  by  the  individual  states, there  are between
6,500 and  9,300  of these facilities permitted in the United
States  (U.S. EPA,  1987).

     Sanitary  landfills  can   cause   considerable  harm  to
sensitive  ecosystems  if  they  are  not properly located,
designed, and  managed.   These facilities have the  potential
to  adversely  affect sensitive  ecosystems,  such  as wetlands
and deepwater  habitats,   either through  habitat  alterations
or  through  the  migration  of  contaminants from sanitary
landfills.   In  order to  evaluate the  seriousness of this
problem,  information is  needed  on the nearness  of sanitary
landfills to wetlands and surface  water  bodies.  The purpose
of  this  study  is  to document the  proximity  of sanitary
landfills included  in this study in the  state of Delaware to
wetlands  and   deepwater  habitats  (i.e.,   rivers,  lakes,
streams,  bays,  etc.).   This report  documents the  proximity
of   individual   sanitary  landfills;   a  companion  report,
"Proximity  of  Delaware  Sanitary  Landfills  to Wetlands  and
Deepwater  Habitats,   Statewide  Results,"   summarizes  the
statewide results.

                          CONCLUSION

1.   There are  3 individual sanitary  landfills  included in
     this  study in  Delaware for  which  data on  their site
     proximity   to   wetlands  and  deepwater  habitats  are
     available.

                    MATERIALS AND METHODS

     The source  of data  used to determine  the  locations of
the sanitary landfills was  the  computer  data file  developed
by  Development  Planning  and Research Associates,  Inc.  for
use  by   U.S.  Environmental  Protection  Agency's   Office  of
Solid Waste in its RCRA Subtitle D program.   The location of
the  sanitary  landfills   was identified  on  U.S.   Fish  and
Wildlife Service's  National  Wetlands  Inventory maps and  the
proximity  of   the  sanitary   landfills  to wetlands  and
deepwater   habitats  was   determined   by   drawing   three

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concentric   regions  around  the   point   representing  the
location  of each  landfill.   The  radii  of  the  concentric
regions were: 1/4 mile, 1/2 mile, and 1 mile.

     Wetland and deepwater habitat  classification types used
in  this report  are those  developed by  the U.S.  Fish and
Wildlife  Service  (Cowardin et  al.,  1979).   Five  types  of
wetlands  are  distinguished in  this  report,   i.e,  Marine,
Estuarine, Riverine, Lacustrine, and Palustrine.  Four types
of deepwater habitats are distinguished in this report, i.e,
Marine, Estuarine,  Riverine, and Lacustrine.  The Palustrine
system  includes only wetland habitats.

     The data on individual landfills included  in this study
in  the  state of  Delaware include:  (1)  facility/site data,
and  (2) wetlands/deepwater habitat  data.

     The  companion report,  "Proximity  of Delaware Sanitary
Landfills  to  Wetlands  and Deepwater  Habitats,  Statewide
Results," presents  the details on how the data were obtained
and tabulated.

                           RESULTS

     Appendix A  gives  the coding procedures used to compile
the  data  on the  proximity of waste  sites  to  wetlands and
deepwater  habitats.    Appendix  B  presents  the  data  on
individual sanitary landfills included  in this  study in the
state of Delaware.   There are  3 sanitary landfills included
in  this study in  Delaware that  are  contained in  the DPRA
data base;  data are  available  on  the  proximity of  all  of
these landfills to  wetlands and deepwater habitats.

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                      LITERATURE CITED

Bailey, R. G.  1976.  Ecoregions of the United States.  U.S.
     Forest Service Map.

Bailey, R. G.   1980.   Description  of  the  Ecoregions  of the
     United  States.    U.S.  Forest  Service  Miscellaneous
     Publication Number 1391.  77 pp.

Cowardin, L.  M.,  V. Carter,  F.  C.  Golet,  and  E.  T.  LaRoe.
     1979.     Classification  of   wetlands   and  deepwater
     habitats of the United States.  FWS/OBS-79/31.  103 pp.

U.S. EPA.    1987.    Resource  Conservation  and  Recovery Act
     Subtitle D Report to Congress.  Final Draft Report, May
     28, 1987.

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                         APPENDIX A

     CODING KEY AND ABBREVIATIONS FOR DATA ON INDIVIDUAL
                     SANITARY LANDFILLS
     The codes  in this Appendix are the  codes  in use as of
January, 1989.  These codes were used to compile the data on
the  proximity   of  sanitary  landfills   to   wetlands  and
deepwater habitats.  "93" are used to indicate that data are
either  not  available  or  unknown   for   a  particular  site
parameter.

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1.   Record  Number  (RN)  — A  unique numeric identifier for
     each site data record.

2.   Work  Group I.D.  (ID)  —  The  name  of the  group that
     collected  and entered the  data  into  the  data file.
     FSU = Center  for Biomedical &  Toxicological Research
     and   Hazardous   Waste   Management,   Florida   State
     University, Tallahassee, Florida.

3.   Date site record created or  last modified  (DM) — Month
     and year, e.g., 0187.

4.   Ecoregion  (ECO)  —  The ecoregion  in  which the site is
     located.   The  ecoregions  codes are those as defined by
     Bailey  (1976, 1980), e.g., 4110 or A3140.

5.   Map availability status  (MA)  — Indicates whether maps
     associated  with  the  site  were  available   from  the
     National Wetlands  Inventory Project  (NWI).    01  = all
     maps available, 02  =  some maps available,  03 = no maps
     available.

6.   Map scale  (MS)  —  Indicates the  scale  of  the NWI maps
     used.   01  = 1:24,000  scale,  02 =  1:63,360 scale,  03 =
     other scale.

7.   NWI map status  (NWS)  —  Indicates  the status  of the
     maps  available from  NWI  in  terms of  map completion.
     01 =  final product,  02  =  draft  product,  03 = photo
     interpretation, 04 = photo enlargement.

8.   Facility code  (FC)  —  Indicates under what regulations
     a site  is regulated.   01 = Subtitle D, 02 = Subtitle C.

9.   Facility  subcode   (FSC)   —  Indicates  the  type  of
     facility.   01  = municipal  or  sanitary  landfill,  02  =
     industrial  landfill,   03  =  surface  impoundment,  04  =
     land application unit,

10.  Facility  data  source  (FDS)  —   Indicates  where  the
     facility data were acquired. . 01 = Development Planning
     Research Associates.

11.  Facility data source  date  collected (FDD)  — Month and
     year the facility data were  collected, e.g., 0179.

12.  Site  location   (SL)   —   Latitude  and  longitude  in
     degrees, minutes,  and  seconds of the  site  location,
     e.g.,  352613/765136.

13.  State  (ST)  —  State where  the site  is  located,  e.g.,
     FL.

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14.  County  (CTY)  —  County where the site is located, e.g.,
     Beaufort.

15.  Site  name  (SN)  —  Site  name  usually  taken  from  the
     facility  permit,  e.g.,  Beaufort  County  SLF   (i.e.,
     sanitary  landfill).

16.  Quad  map  name  (QMN)  — The  7.5  minute quad  map name
     used  by NWI  in preparing  the NWI  map.   There may be as
     many  as   four  quad maps needed for  a  site.   Example:
     Beaufort  Southwest.

17.  Quad  map  name (QMN)  — The 7.5 minute map quad map name
     used  by NWI  in preparing  the NWI  map.   There may be as
     many  as   four  quad maps needed for  a  site.   Example:
     Beaufort  Southwest.

18.  Quad  map  name (QMN)  — The 7.5 minute map quad map name
     used  by NWI  in preparing  the NWI  map.   There may be as
     many  as   four  quad maps needed for  a  site.   Example:
     Beaufort  Southwest.

19.  Quad  map  name (QMN)  — The 7.5 minute map quad map name
     used  by NWI  in preparing  the NWI  map.   There may be as
     many  as   four  quad maps needed for  a  site.   Example:
     Beaufort  Southwest.

20.  Site  ownership  (SO)  —  Site  ownership  in  terms  of
     private or  public.   If a site is publicly  owned  but
     operated  by  a private company, it would be identified
     as publicly owned.   01 = public ownership, 02 = private
     ownership.

21.  Wetlands  data source (WDS) — Indicates where the data
     on wetlands were acquired.  01 = NWI.

22.  Wetlands  data source date  collected  (WDD)  —  Month  and
     year   that    the  data  on  wetlands   were   initially
     collected, e.g., 1281.

23.  Wetlands  evaluation  technique  (WET)  —  Technique used
     to  determine  site proximity to  wetlands.    01  =  map
     interpretation,  02  =  map  interpretation  and  field
     verification.

24.  Wetlands  evaluation  technique date  (WED) —  Month  and
     year  that   the  evaluation   technique  was   used   to
     determine site proximity to wetlands, e.g.,  0785.

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25.  Proximity  to  marine Wetlands  (PMW)  —  Proximity  of a
     site to marine  wetlands  zones,  i.e.,  (1) site location
     point  is   located  within marine  wetlands,  (2)  marine
     wetlands  are  located  within  1/4 mile  of  the  site
     location point,  (3)  marine  wetlands are located in the
     zone 1/4 mile to 1/2 mile from the site  location point,
     and  (4)  marine  wetlands are  located  in  the  zone 1/2
     mile to 1  mile  from the site  location  point.   0 = not
     in a zone,  1  =  within a zone.  Example: 0001 indicates
     that a site is  not within a marine wetland, not within
     1/4 mile  of a marine wetland, that marine wetlands do
     not occur  in  the 1/4-mile to 1/2-mile zone, and marine
     wetlands do occur  in the 1/2-mile to 1-mile zone.

26.  Proximity  to estuarine wetlands  (PEW)  — Proximity of a
     site  to   estuarine  wetlands  using   the  same  zone
     designations as defined  for item 25.

27.  Proximity  to  riverine wetlands  (PRW)  — Proximity of a
     site   to   riverine   wetlands  using   the  same  zone
     designations as defined  for item 25.

28.  Proximity  to  lacustrine  wetlands  (PLW)  — Proximity of
     a  site to lacustrine  wetlands  using  the  same  zone
     designations as defined  for item 25.

29.  Proximity  to  palustrine  wetlands  (PPW)  — Proximity of
     a  site to palustrine  wetlands  using  the  same  zone
     designations as defined  for item 25.

30.  Proximity  to  wetlands summary (PWS) —  Proximity  of a
     site to wetlands,  regardless  of  wetland type.  In this
     summary,  only the  distance  of each site to the nearest
     wetland is used.   01 = within, 02 = within 1/4 mile, 03
     = within 1/2 mile, 04 = within I mile, 05 = more than 1
     mile.

31.  Deepwater habitats data source (DOS) —  Indicates where
     the  data  on  deepwater  habitats were  acquired.   01 =
     NWI.

32.  Deepwater habitats data  source date collected (ODD)  —
     Month and year that the data on deepwater habitats were
     initially collected, e.g., 1281.

33.  Deepwater  habitats   evaluation   technique   (DET)
     Technique used to determine site proximity to deepwater
     habitats.      01  =   map  interpretation,   02   =   map
     interpretation and field verification.

34.  Deepwater  habitats  evaluation technique date  (DED)  —
     Month and  year  that the evaluation technique  was  used
     to  determine  site  proximity to  deepwater  habitats,
     e.g., 0785.

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35.  Proximity   to  marine   deepwater   habitats  (PMD)
     Proximity of  a  site to marine deepwater habitats zones,
     i.e.,  (1) site  location  point is located within marine
     deepwater habitats,   (2)  marine  deepwater habitats are
     located within  1/4 mile  of the site location point,  (3)
     marine deepwater habitats are located  in the zone 1/4
     mile to  1/2 mile from the site location point, and  (4)
     marine deepwater habitats are located  in the zone 1/2
     mile to  1 mile from  the site location  point.   0 = not
     in a zone,  1  = within a zone.  Example:  0001 indicates
     that a  site is not within  a marine deepwater habitat,
     not within  1/4  mile of a marine deepwater habitat, that
     marine deepwater  habitats  do not occur in the 1/4-mile
     to  1/2-mile  zone,  and  marine  deepwater  habitats  do
     occur in the  1/2-mile to 1-mile zone.

36.  Proximity   to  estuarine  deepwater habitats   (PED)
     Proximity  of  a site to estuarine deepwater habitats
     using the   same  zone  designations as defined for item
     35.

37.  Proximity   to   riverine  deepwater  habitats   (PRD)
     Proximity   of  a  site to  riverine deepwater habitats
     using the   same  zone  designations as defined for item
     35.

38.  Proximity  to  lacustrine deepwater  habitats  (PLD)
     Proximity of  a site  to lacustrine  deepwater habitats
     using the   same  zone  designations as defined for item
     35.

39.  Proximity   to  deepwater  habitats  summary  (PDS)
     Proximity of  a site  to  deepwater habitats, regardless
     of deepwater  habitat  type.   In  this  summary,  only the
     distance of each site to the nearest deepwater habitat
     is  used.    01 =  within,  02  =  within  1/4  mile,  03  =
     within 1/2  mile,  04 = within 1 mile, 05  = more than 1
     mile.

40.  Site elevation  (EL)  — Topographic  elevation  of  the
     point representing the site  in units of feet, e.g., 67.

41.  Site elevation  within 1/4-mile radius (ELI/4) — Lowest
     topographic elevation within 1/4  mile  of  the  point
     representing the site in units of feet,  e.g., 56.

42.  Site elevation  between  1/4-mile  and  1/2-mile  radius
     (ELI/2)   —  Lowest  topographic  elevation  between  1/4-
     mile and 1/2 mile of  the point representing the site in
     units of feet,  e.g.,  42.

43.  Site elevation  between 1/2-mile and 1-mile radius (ELI)
     — Lowest topographic elevation  between 1/2-mile and 1

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     mile of  the point  representing the  site in  units of
     feet, e.g., 32.

44.  Comments  (COM)  —  Comments   about  the   site  or  the
     wetlands and deepwater habitats, e.g.,  "site is within
     1/4 mile of the Everglades" or "none".

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                         APPENDIX B

        DATA ON  INDIVIDUAL  SANITARY LANDFILLS IN THE
                      STATE OF DELAWARE
     This  appendix is a computer  generated  listing of data
on  the sanitary  landfills  included in this  study  in  the
state  of  Delaware  relative  to their proximity  to 'wetlands
and deepwater habitats.   There are  a  total of  3 sanitary
landfills  included in Appendix B  which are  those contained
in  the DPRA  data  file.    There  are  data  for  all  of  the
sanitary  landfills  for  which  NWI  maps  are available  for
interpretation.     This  appendix  also  contains  auxiliary
information  that  relates  to  these  3   sanitary  landfills.
Abbreviations used  in the  listing  are defined in Appendix A.
                            10

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1.  RN:  00092  2.  ID:  FSU   3.   CM:   0987  4.  EDO:   2320   5.  Mt:  01  6.  MS:  01  7.  MB:  02  8.   FC:  01   9.  FSC:  01  10.  H)S:  01
11.  EDO:  1286  12.  SL:  390210 754330  13.   ST:  DE   14.  CTY:  KENT             IS.  91:  CENTEIAL SOLID WASTE
16.  
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