&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Environmental Monitoring
Systems Laboratory
P.O. Box 93478
Las Vegas NV 89193-3478
EPA/600/4-89/045B
November 1989
Research and Development
Proximity of Delaware
Sanitary Landfills
to Wetlands and
Deepwater Habitats
Data on
Individual
Landfills
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EPA 600/4-89/045B
November 1989
PROXIMITY OF DELAWARE SANITARY LANDFILLS TO WETLANDS AND
DEEPWATER HABITATS
Data on Individual Landfills
by
Robin L. Gebhard
National Wetlands Inventory
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
St. Petersburg, Florida 33702
Roy C. Herndon and John E. Moerlins
Center for Biomedical and Toxicological Research and
Hazardous Waste Management
Florida State University
Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4016
and
Victor W. Lambou
Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Las Vegas, Nevada 89193-3478
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SYSTEMS LABORATORY
OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
LAS VEGAS, NEVADA 89114
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NOTICE
The information in this document has been funded wholly or
in part ,by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under
Grant No. CR-815139010 to the Florida State University. It
has been subject to the Agency's peer and administrative
review and it has been approved for publication as an EPA
document. Mention of trade names or commercial products
does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
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ABSTRACT
Sanitary landfills can cause considerable harm to
sensitive ecosystems if they are not properly located,
designed, and managed. The purpose of this report is to
document the proximity of individual sanitary landfills
included included in this study in the state of Delaware to
wetlands and deepwater habitats (i.e., rivers, lakes,
streams, bays, etc.); a companion report summarizes the
statewide results. The data on individual landfills
include: (1) general facility/site data, and (2)
wetlands/deepwater habitat data.
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CONTENTS
Page
Abstract iii
Introduction 1
Conclusion 1
Materials and Methods 1
Results 2
Literature Cited 3
Appendix A Coding Key and Abbreviations 4
Appendix B Data on Individual Sanitary Landfills 10
iv
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INTRODUCTION
Sanitary landfills, as typically defined, are waste
management facilities regulated under Subtitle D of the
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). These
facilities are commonly referred to as municipal waste
landfills and they are primarily used to receive household
refuse and nonhazardous commercial waste. However, sanitary
landfills also receive other types of Subtitle D waste, such
as sewage sludge and industrial wastes. Sanitary landfills
typically receive some hazardous waste in the form of
household hazardous waste, and hazardous waste from small
quantity generators as defined in 40 CFR Part 261.10
(Definitions). Depending upon the definition of a sanitary
landfill used by the individual states, there are between
6,500 and 9,300 of these facilities permitted in the United
States (U.S. EPA, 1987).
Sanitary landfills can cause considerable harm to
sensitive ecosystems if they are not properly located,
designed, and managed. These facilities have the potential
to adversely affect sensitive ecosystems, such as wetlands
and deepwater habitats, either through habitat alterations
or through the migration of contaminants from sanitary
landfills. In order to evaluate the seriousness of this
problem, information is needed on the nearness of sanitary
landfills to wetlands and surface water bodies. The purpose
of this study is to document the proximity of sanitary
landfills included in this study in the state of Delaware to
wetlands and deepwater habitats (i.e., rivers, lakes,
streams, bays, etc.). This report documents the proximity
of individual sanitary landfills; a companion report,
"Proximity of Delaware Sanitary Landfills to Wetlands and
Deepwater Habitats, Statewide Results," summarizes the
statewide results.
CONCLUSION
1. There are 3 individual sanitary landfills included in
this study in Delaware for which data on their site
proximity to wetlands and deepwater habitats are
available.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The source of data used to determine the locations of
the sanitary landfills was the computer data file developed
by Development Planning and Research Associates, Inc. for
use by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of
Solid Waste in its RCRA Subtitle D program. The location of
the sanitary landfills was identified on U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service's National Wetlands Inventory maps and the
proximity of the sanitary landfills to wetlands and
deepwater habitats was determined by drawing three
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concentric regions around the point representing the
location of each landfill. The radii of the concentric
regions were: 1/4 mile, 1/2 mile, and 1 mile.
Wetland and deepwater habitat classification types used
in this report are those developed by the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service (Cowardin et al., 1979). Five types of
wetlands are distinguished in this report, i.e, Marine,
Estuarine, Riverine, Lacustrine, and Palustrine. Four types
of deepwater habitats are distinguished in this report, i.e,
Marine, Estuarine, Riverine, and Lacustrine. The Palustrine
system includes only wetland habitats.
The data on individual landfills included in this study
in the state of Delaware include: (1) facility/site data,
and (2) wetlands/deepwater habitat data.
The companion report, "Proximity of Delaware Sanitary
Landfills to Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats, Statewide
Results," presents the details on how the data were obtained
and tabulated.
RESULTS
Appendix A gives the coding procedures used to compile
the data on the proximity of waste sites to wetlands and
deepwater habitats. Appendix B presents the data on
individual sanitary landfills included in this study in the
state of Delaware. There are 3 sanitary landfills included
in this study in Delaware that are contained in the DPRA
data base; data are available on the proximity of all of
these landfills to wetlands and deepwater habitats.
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LITERATURE CITED
Bailey, R. G. 1976. Ecoregions of the United States. U.S.
Forest Service Map.
Bailey, R. G. 1980. Description of the Ecoregions of the
United States. U.S. Forest Service Miscellaneous
Publication Number 1391. 77 pp.
Cowardin, L. M., V. Carter, F. C. Golet, and E. T. LaRoe.
1979. Classification of wetlands and deepwater
habitats of the United States. FWS/OBS-79/31. 103 pp.
U.S. EPA. 1987. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
Subtitle D Report to Congress. Final Draft Report, May
28, 1987.
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APPENDIX A
CODING KEY AND ABBREVIATIONS FOR DATA ON INDIVIDUAL
SANITARY LANDFILLS
The codes in this Appendix are the codes in use as of
January, 1989. These codes were used to compile the data on
the proximity of sanitary landfills to wetlands and
deepwater habitats. "93" are used to indicate that data are
either not available or unknown for a particular site
parameter.
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1. Record Number (RN) — A unique numeric identifier for
each site data record.
2. Work Group I.D. (ID) — The name of the group that
collected and entered the data into the data file.
FSU = Center for Biomedical & Toxicological Research
and Hazardous Waste Management, Florida State
University, Tallahassee, Florida.
3. Date site record created or last modified (DM) — Month
and year, e.g., 0187.
4. Ecoregion (ECO) — The ecoregion in which the site is
located. The ecoregions codes are those as defined by
Bailey (1976, 1980), e.g., 4110 or A3140.
5. Map availability status (MA) — Indicates whether maps
associated with the site were available from the
National Wetlands Inventory Project (NWI). 01 = all
maps available, 02 = some maps available, 03 = no maps
available.
6. Map scale (MS) — Indicates the scale of the NWI maps
used. 01 = 1:24,000 scale, 02 = 1:63,360 scale, 03 =
other scale.
7. NWI map status (NWS) — Indicates the status of the
maps available from NWI in terms of map completion.
01 = final product, 02 = draft product, 03 = photo
interpretation, 04 = photo enlargement.
8. Facility code (FC) — Indicates under what regulations
a site is regulated. 01 = Subtitle D, 02 = Subtitle C.
9. Facility subcode (FSC) — Indicates the type of
facility. 01 = municipal or sanitary landfill, 02 =
industrial landfill, 03 = surface impoundment, 04 =
land application unit,
10. Facility data source (FDS) — Indicates where the
facility data were acquired. . 01 = Development Planning
Research Associates.
11. Facility data source date collected (FDD) — Month and
year the facility data were collected, e.g., 0179.
12. Site location (SL) — Latitude and longitude in
degrees, minutes, and seconds of the site location,
e.g., 352613/765136.
13. State (ST) — State where the site is located, e.g.,
FL.
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14. County (CTY) — County where the site is located, e.g.,
Beaufort.
15. Site name (SN) — Site name usually taken from the
facility permit, e.g., Beaufort County SLF (i.e.,
sanitary landfill).
16. Quad map name (QMN) — The 7.5 minute quad map name
used by NWI in preparing the NWI map. There may be as
many as four quad maps needed for a site. Example:
Beaufort Southwest.
17. Quad map name (QMN) — The 7.5 minute map quad map name
used by NWI in preparing the NWI map. There may be as
many as four quad maps needed for a site. Example:
Beaufort Southwest.
18. Quad map name (QMN) — The 7.5 minute map quad map name
used by NWI in preparing the NWI map. There may be as
many as four quad maps needed for a site. Example:
Beaufort Southwest.
19. Quad map name (QMN) — The 7.5 minute map quad map name
used by NWI in preparing the NWI map. There may be as
many as four quad maps needed for a site. Example:
Beaufort Southwest.
20. Site ownership (SO) — Site ownership in terms of
private or public. If a site is publicly owned but
operated by a private company, it would be identified
as publicly owned. 01 = public ownership, 02 = private
ownership.
21. Wetlands data source (WDS) — Indicates where the data
on wetlands were acquired. 01 = NWI.
22. Wetlands data source date collected (WDD) — Month and
year that the data on wetlands were initially
collected, e.g., 1281.
23. Wetlands evaluation technique (WET) — Technique used
to determine site proximity to wetlands. 01 = map
interpretation, 02 = map interpretation and field
verification.
24. Wetlands evaluation technique date (WED) — Month and
year that the evaluation technique was used to
determine site proximity to wetlands, e.g., 0785.
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25. Proximity to marine Wetlands (PMW) — Proximity of a
site to marine wetlands zones, i.e., (1) site location
point is located within marine wetlands, (2) marine
wetlands are located within 1/4 mile of the site
location point, (3) marine wetlands are located in the
zone 1/4 mile to 1/2 mile from the site location point,
and (4) marine wetlands are located in the zone 1/2
mile to 1 mile from the site location point. 0 = not
in a zone, 1 = within a zone. Example: 0001 indicates
that a site is not within a marine wetland, not within
1/4 mile of a marine wetland, that marine wetlands do
not occur in the 1/4-mile to 1/2-mile zone, and marine
wetlands do occur in the 1/2-mile to 1-mile zone.
26. Proximity to estuarine wetlands (PEW) — Proximity of a
site to estuarine wetlands using the same zone
designations as defined for item 25.
27. Proximity to riverine wetlands (PRW) — Proximity of a
site to riverine wetlands using the same zone
designations as defined for item 25.
28. Proximity to lacustrine wetlands (PLW) — Proximity of
a site to lacustrine wetlands using the same zone
designations as defined for item 25.
29. Proximity to palustrine wetlands (PPW) — Proximity of
a site to palustrine wetlands using the same zone
designations as defined for item 25.
30. Proximity to wetlands summary (PWS) — Proximity of a
site to wetlands, regardless of wetland type. In this
summary, only the distance of each site to the nearest
wetland is used. 01 = within, 02 = within 1/4 mile, 03
= within 1/2 mile, 04 = within I mile, 05 = more than 1
mile.
31. Deepwater habitats data source (DOS) — Indicates where
the data on deepwater habitats were acquired. 01 =
NWI.
32. Deepwater habitats data source date collected (ODD) —
Month and year that the data on deepwater habitats were
initially collected, e.g., 1281.
33. Deepwater habitats evaluation technique (DET)
Technique used to determine site proximity to deepwater
habitats. 01 = map interpretation, 02 = map
interpretation and field verification.
34. Deepwater habitats evaluation technique date (DED) —
Month and year that the evaluation technique was used
to determine site proximity to deepwater habitats,
e.g., 0785.
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35. Proximity to marine deepwater habitats (PMD)
Proximity of a site to marine deepwater habitats zones,
i.e., (1) site location point is located within marine
deepwater habitats, (2) marine deepwater habitats are
located within 1/4 mile of the site location point, (3)
marine deepwater habitats are located in the zone 1/4
mile to 1/2 mile from the site location point, and (4)
marine deepwater habitats are located in the zone 1/2
mile to 1 mile from the site location point. 0 = not
in a zone, 1 = within a zone. Example: 0001 indicates
that a site is not within a marine deepwater habitat,
not within 1/4 mile of a marine deepwater habitat, that
marine deepwater habitats do not occur in the 1/4-mile
to 1/2-mile zone, and marine deepwater habitats do
occur in the 1/2-mile to 1-mile zone.
36. Proximity to estuarine deepwater habitats (PED)
Proximity of a site to estuarine deepwater habitats
using the same zone designations as defined for item
35.
37. Proximity to riverine deepwater habitats (PRD)
Proximity of a site to riverine deepwater habitats
using the same zone designations as defined for item
35.
38. Proximity to lacustrine deepwater habitats (PLD)
Proximity of a site to lacustrine deepwater habitats
using the same zone designations as defined for item
35.
39. Proximity to deepwater habitats summary (PDS)
Proximity of a site to deepwater habitats, regardless
of deepwater habitat type. In this summary, only the
distance of each site to the nearest deepwater habitat
is used. 01 = within, 02 = within 1/4 mile, 03 =
within 1/2 mile, 04 = within 1 mile, 05 = more than 1
mile.
40. Site elevation (EL) — Topographic elevation of the
point representing the site in units of feet, e.g., 67.
41. Site elevation within 1/4-mile radius (ELI/4) — Lowest
topographic elevation within 1/4 mile of the point
representing the site in units of feet, e.g., 56.
42. Site elevation between 1/4-mile and 1/2-mile radius
(ELI/2) — Lowest topographic elevation between 1/4-
mile and 1/2 mile of the point representing the site in
units of feet, e.g., 42.
43. Site elevation between 1/2-mile and 1-mile radius (ELI)
— Lowest topographic elevation between 1/2-mile and 1
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mile of the point representing the site in units of
feet, e.g., 32.
44. Comments (COM) — Comments about the site or the
wetlands and deepwater habitats, e.g., "site is within
1/4 mile of the Everglades" or "none".
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APPENDIX B
DATA ON INDIVIDUAL SANITARY LANDFILLS IN THE
STATE OF DELAWARE
This appendix is a computer generated listing of data
on the sanitary landfills included in this study in the
state of Delaware relative to their proximity to 'wetlands
and deepwater habitats. There are a total of 3 sanitary
landfills included in Appendix B which are those contained
in the DPRA data file. There are data for all of the
sanitary landfills for which NWI maps are available for
interpretation. This appendix also contains auxiliary
information that relates to these 3 sanitary landfills.
Abbreviations used in the listing are defined in Appendix A.
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1. RN: 00092 2. ID: FSU 3. CM: 0987 4. EDO: 2320 5. Mt: 01 6. MS: 01 7. MB: 02 8. FC: 01 9. FSC: 01 10. H)S: 01
11. EDO: 1286 12. SL: 390210 754330 13. ST: DE 14. CTY: KENT IS. 91: CENTEIAL SOLID WASTE
16.
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