U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
WORKING PAPER SERIES
REPORT
ON
BARTON LAKE
KftUWZQO COUNTY
MICHIGAN
EPA REGION V
WORKING PAPER No, 183
PACIFIC NORTHWEST ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY
An Associate Laboratory of the
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - CORVALLIS, OREGON
and
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - LAS VEGAS, NEVADA
VTGPO 697.032
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REPORT
ON
BARTON LAKE
MLAMAZOO COUNTY
MICHIGAN
EPA REGION V
WORKING PAPER No, 183
WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE
MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES
AND THE
MICHIGAN NATIONAL GUARD
FEBRUARY, 1975
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CONTENTS
Page
Foreword i i
List of Michigan Study Lakes iv
Lake and Drainage Area Maps v, vi
Sections
I. Conclusions 1
II. Lake and Drainage Basin Characteristics 4
III. Lake Water Quality Summary 5
IV. Nutrient Loadings 10
V. Literature Reviewed 15
VI. Appendices ' 16
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11
£0 R_! W 0 R.D
the National Eutrophication Survey was initiated in 1972 in
response to an Administration commitment to investigate the nation-
wide threat of accelerated eutrophication to fresh water lakes and
reservoirs.
OBJECTIVES
The Survey was designed to develop, in conjunction with state
environmental agencies, information on nutrient sources, concentrations,
and impact on selected freshwater lakes as a basis for formulating
comprehensive and coordinated national, regional, and state management
practices relating to point-source discharge reduction and non-point
source pollution abatement in lake watersheds.
ANALYTIC APPROACH
The mathematical and statistical procedures selected for the
Survey's eutrophication analysis are based on related concepts that:
a. A generalized representation or model relating
sources, concentrations, and impacts can be constructed.
b. By applying measurements of relevant parameters
associated with lake degradation, the generalized model
can be transformed into an operational representation of
a lake, its drainage basin, and related nutrients.
c. With such a transformation, an assessment of the
potential for eutrophication control can be made.
LAKE ANALYSIS
In this report, the first stage of evaluation of lake and water-
shed data collected from the study lake and its drainage basin is
documented. The report is formatted to provide state environmental
agencies with specific information for basin planning [§303(e)], water
quality criteria/standards review [§303(c)], clean lakes [§314(a,b)],
and water quality monitoring [§106 and §305(b)] activities mandated
by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.
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m
Beyond the single lake analysis, broader based correlations
between nutrient concentrations (and loading) and trophic condi-
tion are being made to advance the rationale and data base for
refinement of nutrient water quality criteria for the Nation's
fresh water lakes. Likewise, multivariate evaluations for the
relationships between land use, nutrient export, and trophic
condition, by lake class or use, are being developed to assist
in the formulation of planning guidelines and policies by EPA
and to augment plans implementation by the states.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The staff of the National Eutrophication Survey (Office of
Research & Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency)
expresses sincere appreciation to the Michigan Department of
Natural Resources for professional involvement and to the
Michigan National Guard for conducting the tributary sampling
phase of the Survey.
A. Gene Gazlay, former Director, and David H. Jenkins, Acting
Director, Michigan Department of Natural Resources; and Carlos
Fetterolf, Chief Environmental Scientist, and Dennis Tierney,
Aquatic Biologist, Bureau of Water Management, Department of Natural
Resources, provided invaluable lake documentation and counsel during
the course of the Survey. John Vogt, Chief of the Bureau of Environ-
mental Health, Michigan Department of Public Health, and his staff
were most helpful in identfying point sources and soliciting municipal
participation in the Survey.
Major General Clarence A. Schnipke (Retired), then the Adjutant
General of Michigan, and Project Officer Colonel Albert W. Lesky,
who directed the volunteer efforts of the Michigan National Guardsmen,
are also gratefully acknowledged for their assistance to the Survey.
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IV
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
STUDY LAKES
STATE OF MICHIGAN
LAKE NAME
Allegan Res.
Barton
Belleville
Betsie
Brighton
Caro Res.
Charlevoix
Chemung
Constantine Res
Crystal
Deer
Ford
Fremont
Higgins
Holloway Res.
Houghton
Jordon
Kent
Long
Macatawa
Manistee
Mona
Muskegon
Pentwater
Pere Marquette
Portage
Randall
Rogers Pond
Ross
St. Louis Res.
Sanford
Strawberry
Thompson
Thornapple
Union
White
COUNTY
Allegan
Kalamazoo
Wayne
Benzie
Livingston
Tuscola
Charlevoix
Livingston
St. Joseph
Montcalrn
Marquette
Washtenaw
Newago
Roscommon
Genesee, Lapeer
Roscommon
Ionia, Barry
Oakland
St. Joseph
Ottawa
Manistee
Muskegon
Muskegon
Oceana
Mason
Houghton
Branch
Mecosta
Gladwin
Gratiot
Midland
Livingston
Livingston
Barry
Branch
Muskegon
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85° 35
1-42° 06
BARTON LAKE
® Tributary Sampling Site
X Lake Sampling Site
Sewage Treatment Site
Direct Drainage Area
,
Scale
1-42° 05
Michigan
Map Location
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vi
Lake
42° 06'—
35
Michigan
Map Location
BARTON LAKE
® Tributary Sampling Site
< Lake Sampling Site
? Sewage Treatment Facility
?0 Drainage Area Boundary
o ] J Mi.
Scale
42° 02'-
85° 38'
85° 34'
85° 30'
I
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BARTON LAKE
STORE! NO. 2606
CONCLUSIONS
A. Trophic Condition:
Survey data and the records of others (Fetterolf, 1962; et
al.) show that Barton Lake is eutrophic. Of the 35 Michigan
lakes sampled in the fall of 1972, when essentially all were
well-mixed, 26 had less mean total phosphorus, 27 had less
mean dissolved phosphorus, and 29 had less mean inorganic
nitrogen; of the 41 Michigan lakes sampled, 27 had greater
Secchi disc transparency, and 29 had less mean chlorophyll a^
than Barton Lake*.
Barton Lake has a history of severe algal blooms and gener-
ally poor water quality. Survey limnologists noted algal blooms
on all sampling dates, and hydrogen sulfide was detected in sam-
ples taken below 15 feet at station 2 in June and September.
B. Rate-Limiting Nutrient:
The results of the algal assay show that phosphorus was the
limiting nutrient at the time the sample was collected. The lake
data indicate that phosphorus was the limiting nutrient at the
other sampling times as well (i.e., all N/P ratios were greater
than 14/1).
* See Appendix A.
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C. Nutrient Controllability:
1. Point sources—During the sampling year, Barton Lake
received a total phosphorus load at a rate a little more than
twice the rate proposed by Vollenweider (in press) as "dangerous";
i.e., a eutrophic rate (see page 14). It is calculated that the
Village of Vicksburg contributed nearly 66% of the total load.
Provision of 80% phosphorus removal at the Vicksburg waste
treatment plant would reduce the loading rate to about 9 Ibs/
o
acre/yr or 1.01 g/m /yr. This rate is just equal to Vollenweider's
eutrophic rate and, considering the relatively short detention
time of Barton Lake (81 days), should result in a marked improve-
ment in the trophic condition of the lake. In particular, it
would be expected that the incidence and severity of nuisance
algal blooms would be reduced once a new phosphorus equilibrium
becomes established.
During the sampling year, there appeared to be very little
retention of phosphorus in the lake (60 pounds) and a loss of
nitrogen (over 50,000 pounds). While this could have been due
to insufficient sampling, it is possible that some portion of
the unmeasured nutrient loads from the Simpson-Lee Paper Com-
pany at Vicksburg reached the lake and resulted in the nutrient
imbalance noted above (see page 13).
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2. Non-point sources (see page 13)--It is calculated
that non-point sources, including precipitation, contributed
about 33% of the phosphorus load to Barton Lake during the
sampling year. However, the phosphorus exports of the sam-
pled Barton Lake tributaries were rather low and compare
well with the exports of unimpacted Michigan streams sampled
elsewhere.
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II. LAKE AND DRAINAGE BASIN CHARACTERISTICS
A. Lake Morphometry :
1. Surface area: 347 acres.
2. Mean depth: 20 feet.
3. Maximum depth: 53 feet.
4. Volume: 6,940 acre-feet.
5. Mean hydraulic retention time: 81 days.
B. Tributary and Outlet:
(See Appendix B for flow data)
1. Tributaries -
Name Drainage area* Mean flow*
Portage Creek 35.0 mi~ 30.4 cfs
Tub Lake outlet (B-l) 3.4 ml 3.0 cfs
Minor tributaries & 2
immediate drainage - 11.0 mi 10.0 cfs
Totals 49.4 mi2 43.4 cfs
2. Outlet -
2
Portage Creek 49.9 mi** 43.4 cfs
C. Precipitation***:
1. Year of sampling: 40.7 inches.
2. Mean annual: 32.2 inches.
t Mean and maximum depths were estimated by Fetterolf (1973); volume
and retention time were calculated using these estimates.
* Drainage areas are accurate within ±5%; mean daily flows for 74% of the
sampling sites are accurate within ±25% and the remaining sites up to
±40%; and mean monthly flows, normalized mean monthly flows, and mean
annual flows are slightly more accurate than mean daily flows.
** Includes area of lake.
*** See Working Paper No. 1, "Survey Methods, 1972".
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III. LAKE WATER QUALITY SUMMARY
Barton Lake was sampled three times during the open-water season of
1972 by means of a pontoon-equipped Huey helicopter. Each time, samples
for physical and chemical parameters were collected from two stations on
the lake and usually from a number of depths at each station (see map,
page v). During each visit, a single depth-integrated (15 feet or near
bottom to surface) sample was composited from the stations for phytoplankton
identification and enumeration; and during the second visit, a single five-
gallon depth-integrated sample was composited for algal assays. Also each
time, a depth-integrated sample was collected from each of the stations
for chlorophyll a_ analysis. The maximum depths sampled were 22 feet at
station 1 and 24 feet at station 2.
The results obtained are presented in full in Appendix C, and the
data for the fall sampling period, when the lake was essentially well-
mixed, are summarized below. Note, however, the Secchi disc summary is
based on all values.
For differences in the various parameters at the other sampling times,
refer to Appendix C.
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A. Physical and chemical characteristics:
Parameter Minimum
Temperature (Cent.) 7.9
Dissolved oxygen (mg/1) 9.0
Conductivity (ymhos) 400
pH (units) 7.8
Alkalinity (mg/1) 168
Total P (mg/1) 0.101
Dissolved P (mg/1) 0.081
N02 + NO5 (mg/1) 0.350
Ammonia (mg/1) 1.040
Secchi disc (inches) 22
FALL VALUES
(11/12/72)
Mean
7.9
9.3
401
7.8
176
0.121
0.086
0.377
1.111
ALL VALUES
44
Median
7.9
9.4
400
7.8
178
0.127
0.086
0.380
1.130
34
Maximum
7.
9.
410
7,
183
0,
0,
0,
131
093
400
1 .170
72
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B. Biological characteristics:
1. Phytoplankton -
Sampling
Date
06/13/72
09/17/72
11/12/72
Dominant
Genera
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Fragilaria
Melosira
Oscillatoria
Synedra
Tabellaria
Other genera
Total
Anabaena
Melosira
Flagellates
Lyngbya
Flagilaria
Other genera
Total
Asterionella
Melosira
Fragilaria
Stephanodiscus
Anabaena
Other genera
Number
per ml
476
301
259
169
84
163
1,452
2,651
904
281
221
100
160
4,317
1,022
542
289
126
118
28
Total
2,125
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8
C.
2. Chlorophyll a_ -
(Because of instrumentation problems during the 1972 sampling,
the following values may be in error by plus or minus 20 percent.)
Sampl i ng
Date
06/13/72
09/17/72
11/12/72
Limiting Nutrient
1 . Filtered and
Spike (mg/1)
Control
0.010 P
0.020 P
0.050 P
0.050 P + 5.
0.050 P + 10
10.0 N
2. Discussion -
Station
Number
01
02
01
02
01
02
Study:
nutrient spiked
Ortho P
Cone, (mg/1
0.032
0.042
0.052
0.082
0 N 0.082
.0 N 0.082
0.032
The control yield of the
cornutum. indicates that the
Chlorophyll a
(yg/1 )
-
Inorganic N
) Cone, (mg/1)
0.852
0.852
0.852
0.852
5.852
10.852
10.852
67.9
12.0
22.8
16.8
22.6
24.7
Maximum yield
(mg/1 -dry wt.)
3.3
6.7
10.2
11.5
23.0
22.5
3.1
assay alga, Selenastrum capri-
potential primary
productivity
of Barton Lake was moderately high at the time the sample
was collected.
Also, the increased yields with increased increments of
orthophosphorus show that the lake was phosphorus limited
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(note that the addition of only nitrogen resulted in a yield
no greater than the control yield).
The lake data indicate phosphorus limitation at the other
sampling times as well (i.e., the N/P ratios exceeded 14/1,
and phosphorus limitation would be expected).
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10
IV. NUTRIENT LOADINGS
(See Appendix D for data)
For the determination of nutrient loadings, the Michigan National
Guard collected monthly near-surface grab samples from each of the tribu-
tary sites indicated on the map (page vi), except for the months of April,
May, August, and December when two samples were collected. Sampling was
begun in October, 1972 and was completed in October, 1973.
Through an interagency agreement, stream flow estimates for the year
of sampling and a "normalized" or average year were provided by the Michi-
gan District Office of the U.S. Geological Survey for the tributary sites
nearest the lake.
In this report, nutrient loads for sampled tributaries were deter-
mined by using a modification of a U.S. Geological Survey computer
program for calculating stream loadings*. Nutrient loadings for "minor
tributaries and immediate drainage" ("ZZ" of U.S.G.S.) were estimated
2
by using the means of the nutrient loads, in Ibs/mi /year, at stations
2
A-2 and B-l and multiplying the means by the ZZ area in mi .
The operator of the Vicksburg wastewater treatment plant provided
monthly effluent samples and corresponding flow data.
The Simpson-Lee Paper Company discharged wastewater to Portage Creek
prior to December, 1971. Since then, the wastes have been disposed of
by spray irrigation on a highland area adjacent to and east of Portage
Creek. However, during the winter months, the wastes are directed to
* See Working Paper No. 1.
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11
a marsh area nearer the creek. About three million gallons of water
per day are used, and Company records show that about 20 pounds of
total phosphorus and about 56 pounds of total nitrogen were discharged
per day as of September, 1973 (Fetterolf, 1974). Although there is
no direct evidence of it, it is possible that some portion of these
nutrients reached Barton Lake and resulted in the minimal accumula-
tion of phosphorus and the loss of nitrogen shown in the following
loading tables.
A. Waste Sources:
1. Known municipal* -
Name
Vicksburg
Pop.
Served
1,700
Treatment
trickling
filter
Mean
Flow (mgd)
0.150
Receiving
Water
Portage Creek
2. Known industrial** -
Name Product Treatment
Simpson-Lee
Paper Co.
paper
spray
irrigation
Mean Receiving
Flow (mgd) Water
3.000 ?
* Eyer, 1973.
** Fetterolf, 1974.
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12
B. Annual Total Phosphorus Loading - Average Year:
1. Inputs -
Ibs P/ % of
Source yr total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Portage Creek 1,570 23.6
Tub Lake outlet (B-l) 120 1.8
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) - 440 6.6
c. Known municipal STP's -
Vicksburg 4,380 66.0
d. Septic tanks* - 80 1.2
e. ' Known industrial -
Simpson-Lee Paper Company ?
f. Direct precipitation** - 50 0.8
Total 6,640 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - Portage Creek 6,580
3. Net annual P accumulation - 60 pounds
* Estimated 121 seasonal shoreline dwellings; see Working Paper No. 1
** See Working Paper No. 1.
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13
C. Annual Total Nitrogen Loading - Average Year:
1. Inputs -
Ibs N/ % of
Source yr total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Portage Creek 48,010 45.5
Tub Lake outlet (B-l) 12,540 11.9
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) - 27,830 26.4
c. Known municipal STP's -
Vicksburg 10,970 10.4
d. Septic tanks* - 2,850 2.7
e. Known industrial -
Simpson-Lee Paper Company ?
f. Direct precipitation** - 3,340 3.1
Total 105,540 100.0
2. Outputs -
lake outlet - Portage Creek 156,390
3. Net annual N loss - 50,850 pounds
D. Mean Annual Non-point Nutrient Export by Subdrainage Area:
Tributary Ibs P/mi2/yr Ibs N/mi2/yr
Portage Creek 45 1,372
Tub Lake outlet (B-l) 35 3,688
* Estimated 121 seasonal shoreline dwellings; see Working Paper No. 1.
** See Working Paper No. 1.
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14
E. Yearly Loading Rates:
In the following table, the existing phosphorus loading
rates are compared to those proposed by Vollenweider (in press).
Essentially, his "dangerous" rate is the rate at which the
receiving waters would become eutrophic or remain eutrophic;
his "permissible" rate is that which would result in the
receiving water remaining oligotrophic or becoming oli go-
trophic if morphometry permitted. A mesotrophic rate would
be considered one between "dangerous" and "permissible".
Note that Vollenweider's model may not be applicable to
water bodies with very short hydraulic retention times.
Total Phosphorus Total Nitrogen
Units _ Total Accumulated Total Accumulated
Ibs/acre/yr 19.1 0.2 304.1 loss*
grams/m2/yr 2.14 0.02 34.1
Vollenweider loading rates for phosphorus
(g/m^/yr) based on mean depth and mean
hydraulic retention time of Barton Lake:
"Dangerous" (eutrophic rate) 1.00
"Permissible" (oligotrophic rate) 0.50
* There was an apparent loss of nitrogen during the sampling year. This
may have been due to nitrogen fixation in the lake, solubilization of
previously sedimented nitrogen, recharge with nitrogen-rich ground water,
unknown and unsampled point sources discharging directly to the lake, or
possible nitrogen loads from the Simpson-Lee Paper Company. Whatever the
cause, a similar nitrogen loss has occurred at Shagawa Lake, Minnesota,
which has been intensively studied by EPA's National Eutrophication
and Lake Restoration Branch.
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15
V. LITERATURE REVIEWED
Eyer, Frederick T., 1973. Treatment plant questionnaire (Vicksburg
STP). MI Dept. of Public Health, Lansing.
Fetterolf, Carlos M., Jr., 1962. Investigation of algae nuisance
reports, Barton Lake, Kalamazoo County. MI Water Res. Comm.,
Lansing.
, 1965. A biological oriented survey of the Barton
Lake system, vicinity of Vicksburg, Michigan, September 4, 1964.
MI Water Res. Comm., Lansing.
_, 1965. Review of biological surveys, 1953-1964, Barton
Lake-Vicksburg vicinity. MI Water Res. Comm., Lansing.
, 1965. Summary of biological surveys, 1953-1964, Barton
Lake-Vicksburg vicinity. MI Water Res. Comm., Lansing.
_, 1973. Personal communication (lake morphometry). MI
Dept. of Nat. Resources, Lansing.
, 1974. Personal communication (spray irrigation
site operation for Simpson-Lee Paper Co.). MI Dept. of Nat.
Resources, Lansing.
_, and Edwin Shannon, 1957. Biological and limnologi-
cal aspects of a survey of Barton Lake, Vicksburg, Kalamazoo
County, Michigan. MI Water Res. Comm., Lansing.
Harvey, C., and R. Courchaine, 1965. Report of special study, Vicks-
burg area, September-October, 1964. MI Water Res. Comm., Lansing.
Ketelle, Martha,J., and Paul D. Uttormark, 1971. Problem lakes in
the United States. EPA Water Poll. Contr. Res. Ser., Proj. 16010
EHR, Wash., D.C.
Vollenweider, Richard A. (in press). Input-output models. Schweiz.
Z. Hydrol.
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VI. APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
LAKE RANKINGS
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LAKE DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
26AO HOLLOW4Y RESERVOIR
26Ai CARO RESERVOIR
26A2 BOAROMAN HrORO POND
2603 ALLEGAN LAKE
2606 BARTON LAKE
2609 BELLEVILLE LAKE
2610 6ETSIE LAKE
2613 BRIGHTON LAKE
2617 LAKE CHARLEVOIX
2618 LAKE CHEMUNG
2621 CONSTANTINE RESERVOIR
2629 FORD LAKE
2631 FREMONT LAKE
2640 JORDAN LAKE
26*3 KENT LAKE
26*8 LAKE MACATAWA
26*9 MANISTEE LAKE
2659 MUSKEGON LAKE
2665 PENTWATER LAKE
2671 RANDALL LAKE
2672 ROGERS POND
2673 ROSS RESERVOIR
2674 SANFORD LAKE
26B3 THORNAPPLE LAKE
2685 UNION LAKE
26B8 WHITE LAKE
2691 HONA LAKE
2692 LONG LAKE
MEAN
TOTAL P
0.062
0.117
0.006
0.123
0.121
0.118
0.025
0.109
0.007
0.044 '
0.027
0.105
0.372
0.180
0.040
0.197
0.018
0.087
0.027
0.246
0.026
0.034
0.016
0.042
0.083
0.027
0.307
0.163
-tALL VALUti-
MEAN
U1SS P
0.043
0.022
0.005
0.057
0.086
0.048
O.OOB
0.073
0.006
0.014
0.008
0.058 .
0.342
0.144
0.015
0.120
0.010
0:043
U.017
0.183
0.015
0.021
C.008
0.032
0.064
0.019
0.241
0.148
MEAN
INORG N
1.461
3. 835
0.358
1.168
1.489
1.420
0.273
1.015
0.230
0.132
0.910
1.536
1.406
1.998
0.417
2.358
0.304
0.46V
0.496
0.818
0.183
O.»60
0.307
1.737.
1.252
0.367
0.963
0.749
500-
MEAN SEC
439.375
473.000
363.500
470.222
456.167
465.250
461.667
456.000
351.250
404.333
456.167
456.167
441.667
427.667
455.000
477.600
451.333
436.444
430.667
457.333
43b.500
465.333
458.750
442.833
455.500
417.778
451.667
418.400
"ALL VALUts— •
MEAN
CHLORA
10.67(1
11.967
1.267
20.311
27.800
28.262
4.567
44.233
3.008
13.483
39.317
14.733
28.500
20.517
33.944
25.600
6.317
9.511
16.083
27.217
8.133
lu.383
13.791
14.650
15.667
9.211
27.783
10.067
15-
MIM DO
9.200
9.500
6.600
12.600
14.850
fl.200'
7.400
7.500
9.240
14.800
7.500
14.000
14.800
14.900
13.000
12.200
11.360
14.800
14.800
8.020
9.600
8.200
8.300
10.800
8.200
13.400
14.100
13.600
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LAKE DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
2693 ST LOUIS RESERVOIR
2694 CRYSTAL LAKE
2695 HIGGINS LAKE
2696 HOUGHTON LAKE
2697 THOMPSON LAKE
2698 PERE MAROUETTE LAKE
2699 STRAWBERRY LAKE
MEAN
TOTAL P
0.134
0.009
0.007
0.018
0.043
0.032
0.069
-r «LL VALUE.:
MEAN
D1SS P
0.093
0.006
0.005
0.008
0.029
0.024
O.ObO
MEAN
INORli N
1.227
0.164
0.058
0.136
0.436
0.346
0.567
500-
MEAN SEC
462.667
380.000
268.500
420.833
407.889
446.667
419.800
MEAN
CHLOMA
5.583
2.986
1.043
9.217
11.967
11.833
11.117
15-
MIN DO1
8.420
13.000
9.400
8.200
14.800
8.600
13.600
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PERCENT OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES (NUMBER OF LAKES KITH HIGHER VALUES)
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
26AO HOLLOWAY RESERVOIR
26A1 CARD RESERVOIR
26A2 BOAWDMAN HYDRO POND
2603 ALLEGAN LAKE
2606 BARTON LAKE
2609 BtLLEVILLE LAKE
2610 BETSIE LAKE
2613 BRIGHTON LAKE
2617 LAKE CHARLEVOIX
2618 LAKE CHEMUNG
2621 CONSTANTINE RESERVOIR
2629 FORD LAKE
2631 FREMONT LAKE
36*0 JORDAN LAKE
26*3 KENT LAKE
26*8 LAKE MACATAWA
26»9 MANISTEE LAKE
2659 MUSKEGON LAKE
2665 PENTWATER LAKE
2b7l RANDALL LAKE
2672 ROGERS POND
2673 ROSS RESERVOIR
267* SANFORD LAKE
2683 THORNAPPLE LAKE
2685 UNION LAKE
2688 WHITE LAKE
2691 MONA LAKE
2692 LONG LAKE
MEAN MEAN
TOTAL P UISS P
46
29
97
20
23
26
77
31
91
49
71
3*
0
11
57
9
60
37
69
6
7*
60
86
54
40
66
3
14
I 16)
( 13)
1 34)
( 7)
( 8)
( 9)
( 27)
( 11)
< 32>
1 17)
( 25)
( 12)
( 0)
I 4)
( 20)
( 3)
( 28)
( 13)
( 24)
I 2)
I 26)
I 21)
( 30)
( 19)
( 14)
( 23)
I 1)
( 5)
43
54
97
31
20
37
77
23
91
71
83
29
0
11
69
1*
74
40
63
6
66
57
80
46
26
61)
3
9
( 15)
( 19)
I 34)
( 11)
( 7)
( 13)
( 27)
( 8)
( 32)
( 25)
( 29)
I 10)
( 0)
( 4)
( 24)
( 5)
( 26)
( 14)
( 22)
( 2)
( 23)
( 20)
( 28)
( 16)
( 91
( 21)
( 1)
I 3)
MEAN
INORG N
17
0
69
31
14
20
80
34
83
94
40
11
23
6
63
3
77
54
51
43
86
57
74
9
26
66
37
46
( 6)
( 0)
I 24)
I 11)
( 5)
( 7)
( 28)
I 12)
( 29)
( 33)
I 14)
I 4)
1 8>
I 2)
( 22)
< 1)
( 27)
( 19)
I 18)
( 15)
( 30)
I 20)
( 26)
( 3)
( 9)
( 23)
( 131
( 16)
500-
MEAN
57 (
3 (
91 1
6 I
29 (
11 (
17 (
34 (
94 <
86 I
29 (
29 (
54 <
69 (
40 I
0 I
46 (
60 (
66 (
23 I
63 (
9 (
20 (
51 (
37 (
80 I
43 1
77 (
SEC
20)
1)
32)
2)
9)
4)
6)
12)
33)
30)
9)
9)
19)
24)
14)
0)
16)
21)
23)
8)
22)
3)
7)
18)
13)
28)
15)
27)
--ALL VflLUti
MEAN
CHLORA
60
49
94
29
14
11
86
0
89
46
3
37
9
26
6
23
80
69
31
20
77
63
43
40
34
74
17
66
( 21)
( 17)
( 33)
I 10)
( 5)
( 4)
I 30)
( 0)
( 31)
( 16)
( 1)
( 13)
( 3)
( 9)
( 21
< 8)
( 28)
( 24)
( 11)
( 7)
( 27)
I 22)
( 15)
( 1*>
( 12)
( 26)
( 6)
( 23)
15-
MIN DO
63
54
97
40
3
79
9*
90
60
11
90
23
11
0
36
43
46
11
11
86
51
79
71
49
79
31
20
27
( 221
I 19)
( 34)
( 14)
( 1)
( "26)
I 33)
I 31)
< 21)
( 2)
I 31)
I 8)
( 2)
( 01
( 12)
( 15)
( 16)
( 2)
( 2)
I 30)
( 181
1 26)
( 25)
( 17)
I 26)
1 11)
( 7)
( 9)
1NUEX
NO
286
189
545
157
103
184
431
212
508
357
316
163
97
123
271
92
4U3
271
291
184
417
325
374
249
242
377
lf!J
239
-------
PERCENT OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES (NUMBER OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES)
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
2693 ST LOUIS RESERVOIR
2694 CRYSTAL LAKE
2695 HIGGINS LAKE
2696 HOUGHTON LAKE
2697 THOMPSON LAKE
2698 PERE MARQUETTE LAKE
2699 STRAWBERRY LAKE
MEAN MEAN
TOTAL P UISS P
17
89.
94
83
51
63
43
( 6)
( 31)
( 33)
( 29)
( 18)
( 22)
( 15)
17 (
89 (
94 (
66 (
49 (
51 (
34 (
6)
31)
33)
30)
17)
18)
12)
MEAN
INORG N
29
89
97
91
60
71
49
( 10)
( 31)
( 34)
( 32)
( 21)
( 25)
( 17)
bOO-
MtAN SEC
14
89
97
71
83
49
74
( 5)
( 3D r
( 34)
( 25)
( 29)
( 17)
( 26)
MEAN
CHLORA
83
91
97
71
51
54
57
( 29)
( 32)
( 34)
( 25)
( 18)
( 19)
( 20)
15-
MIN DO
69
36
57
79
11
66
27
( 24)
( 12)
( 20)
( 26)
( 2)
( 23)
( 9)
INDEX
NO
2*9
483
536
481
305
354
284
-------
APPENDIX B
TRIBUTARY FLOW DATA
-------
TRIailTARY FLOW INFORMATION FOR MICHIGAN
2/3/75
LAKE COOL 2606
HARTON LAivE
TOTAL DRAINAGE AREA OF LAKE (SO MI)
SUd-DRAlNAGE
TRIBUTARY AREAfSU MI)
JAN
49.90
MAK
APR
MAY
NORMALIZED FLOWS(CFS)
JON JUL AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
UEC
MEAN
2606AI
2606A2
2606B1
2606Z7
49.90
35.00
3.40
11.50
<»6.2u
32.40
3.20
10.70
56.50
39.60
3.ao
13. 00
69.^0
49. 10
4.80
16.10
80. bO
Sb.bO
b.bO
Is.bO
5/.00
^0.00
3.90
13.10
tl.30
2d.90
2.80
9.60
29.10
20. HO
2.00
6. 70
22.20
15. bO
1.30
b.10
21.70
15.20
1.50
b.OO
2^.30
17.00
1.70
5.60
30.80
21.60
2.10
7.10
^2.50 43.39
29.80 30.42
2.90 2.97
9.BO 10.00
TOTAL DRAINAGE AREA OF LAKE = 49.90
SOM OF SJB-iMAlNAlit AREAS = 49.90
MEAN MONTHLY FLOWS AND JAILY FLOWS(CFS)
TRIBUTARY
2606A1
2606A2
MONTH YEAR
10
11
1?
1
2
3
^
5
6
7
a
9
10
10
11
12
1
3
it
5
6
7
8
9
10
72
72
72
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
72
72
72
73
7 j
/ J
73
73
7j
73
73
73
73
73
SUMMARY
I FLOW
31.00
43.00
51.00
89.00
5b.OO
79.00
8) .JO
07.00
59.00
32.00
30.00
2?. 00
40.00
22.00
30.00
36.00
o3.00
39.00
55.00
57.00
<+7.UO
Hi. 00
22.00
21.00
15.00
26.00
DAY
28
2
11
11
14
«
30
6
24
26
2
11
11
14
fa
30
b
24
FLOW
37.00
40. Ou
b9.00
7b.OO
7o.oo
70.00
34.00
33.00
37.00
26.00
28.00
42.00
52.00
49.00
4-y.OO
24. UO
23.0o
26.00
DAY
31
23
24
29
31
23
24
29
FLOW
112.00
121.00
72.00
25.00
78.00
bb.OO
51.00
17.00
TOTAL FLOw IN
TOTAL FLOW OUT
FLOW
522.00
522.00
-------
FLO* INFORMATION h OH
2/3/75
LA«t CODE 2b06
riAKTvJN
MEAN MONTHLY F'LOwS ANO JAILY FLOwS(CFb)
TftlbUTArfY MONTH YEAK MLAN FLOW UAY
2bObHl
2bOtaZZ
10
11
1?
1
?
3
<*
5
b
7
a
Q
10
10
11
1?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
4
10
72
72
72
7J
73
73
73
7J
73
73
73
73
73
Id
72
72
73
73
/3
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
2. 10
3.00
3.50
6.10
3.80
5.^0
b.bu
^.60
A.uO
2.?0
2.10
l.SO
?.70
7.10
10.00
12.00
21.00
13. UO
18. OU
1 4 . U 0
Ib.ou
K.OO
7.30
7. JO
5.10
9.30
28
2
11
il
It
b
3o
b
24
t-HJW DAY
2.70
4.00
b.10
4.60
4.80
2.30
2.20
2.50
31
23
24
I-LOW UAY
7.bO
tt.20
b.OO
1.70
FLOW
-------
APPENDIX C
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL DATA
-------
RETRIEVAL UAft
42 db 00.0 O8b 33 30.0
LArtc.
MICHIGAN
DATt
FKOM
TO
TIME
UK
FEET
J 1 1
CtNT
'13 11 00
72/09/17 Ib bO 0000
Ib so U00<*
72/11/1? 11 30 0000
11 ?Q
11 30
11 30
7.9
7.9
7.9
UU
d ;• d / /
TrturvbP CiNDUCIVY
btCCttl KitLU
liMCrttb HICKUMHO
1 1.4
9.1
9.to
9.6
30
HOO
350
jbO
400
400
400
Ph
bU
fa.20
7.90
7.9u
7.90
7.9o
tS 2111202
OOnlu
T ALK
CAC03
HG/L
Ibl
13b
134
179
180
182
183
0004
00b30
NU2&NUJ
N-TOTAL
MG/L
0.090
0.140
0.110
0.360
0.360
0.350
O.JbO
FEtT DEPTH
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.090
0.160
0.130
1.170
1.140
1.120
1.140
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
0.032
0.057
0.063
0.101
0.105
0.131
0.12d
00666
HHOS-OIS
MG/L P
0.017
0.017
0.014
0.088
0.085
0.093
0.088
UATt. i IHE UE^Trt Ci-LKH'hYL
'FfiOM 01- A
TU DAY FEET UG/L
72/U&/13 11 00 0000
72/V.-9/17 Ib bO 0000
lir ll 30 oOOu
67. 9J
J VALUE KNOWN TO HE I'M t*t
-------
STOKtT KElKlEVAL OATt
260t>02
<+2 06 30.0 085 34 30.0
OAkTUiM LAKE
2b MICHIGAN
OATt
FKUM
TO
72/06/13
72/09/17
72/11/12
uOOl
TIME DEPTH KATtR
OK TcMP
uAY Fttl ChNT
11
11
11
11
16
io
16
16
16
il
11
11
11
55
55
55
55
16
16
16
16
16
50
SO
50
SO
0000
0000
0016
0024
0000
0004
0010
J015
0021
OuOo
0004
0012
0019
19
18
12
11
18
18
18
13
7
7
7
u
.0
.9
. D
.4
.9
. 1
.5
.2
.9
.9
.9
u 0 3 J o
00
MG/L
10
ti
1
u
7
o
(1
U
V
9
V
.5
.V
.7
.1
.4
.9
.4
.0
.2
.1
.0
lltPALES
Oo077
TrtttNbH1
btCCnl
INCHES
Jb
31
7
-------
APPENDIX D
TRIBUTARY FLOW DATA
-------
DAT£ 75/02/04
26G6M1 LS2606A1
42 05 00.0 J85 33 00. u
PJHlAGb CrtttK
26 7.5
22HU ST rtKuG 2 MI bbw VlCKSriUKG
lltPALtS 211120*
4 0000 FEET DtPTrt
DATt
TO
72/10/2,1
72/ 12/02
72/12/31
73/02/11
73/03/11
73/Ot/l^
73/04/23
7 J/05/OH
73/05/2'*
73/06/30
73/OH/06
73/06/29
73/10/24
TIME DtPI>
OF
i^ A 1
1'3
14
14
1*
10
15
I?
15
21
09
14
15
15
' FttT
?0
45
15
30
30
30
30
13
05
00
40
30
50
00630 00625
H U02MM03 TOT KJEL
N-TUTAL N
MG/L
„
0
0
j
0
u
u
u
0
u
J
J
C
,3-tO
. 360
.WO
.760
.520
.450
.510
«4<+u
.350
,G2b
.u!3
.014
.I'+O
MG/L
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
0.
1.
1.
1.
1.
3.
1.
300
5<+0
300
890
100
840
300
100
^*70
500
100
350
00610 OC671 00665
NH'j-N HhOS-DIS PMOS-10T
TOTAL GKTrlO
MG/L
0 .
0.
0.
0.
0.
0 .
0 .
0.
0.
J .
0.
0.
u.
770
4VO
4lU
260
240
034
069
OOU
fi Wii
u t' y
029
092
210
MG/L
0 .
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0 .
0 .
0.
p
Ott5
039
029
019
026
008
031
021
018
J15
022
016
019
MG/L P
0.1 5G
0.1/95
0 ,05b
U.055
0.0 7-D
0 . 05u
0.090
0.060
0.060
0.0 7b
0.070
0.0 60
u.090
-------
RETRIEVAL DATt 75/02/04
L:>26UbA2
u7 00. U 085 3^ 00.0
£6 7.5 VICKSBUP.G
1/HArtTON LAKE
«T "W" AVc. 6POG IN VlOSbUPG AdOtfE SIP
HtPALtb 2111204
<+ 0000 FdfcT DEPTH
OATt.
FPOM
T'J
72/10/28
72/12/02
72/12/31
73/03/11
73/04/1*4
73/04/23
7j/05/0d
73/05/2<+
73/ub/30
73/JB/Go
73/ut»/29
7j/lu/24
OG63o 00625
TIME Dt.PT-1 1,102^03 TOT KJtL
OF n-TuTAi_ N
DAY Fttl tfo/L MG/L
IS
15
13
10
15
12
15
20
08
14
14
15
00
40
20
35
00
00
22
35
30
10
SO
30
U
0
0
J
0
0
0
•J
I'
J
ii
u
.0<+ 3
.042
.23u
.13M
.060
.010*
.042
.Obb
.017
.OlOK
.012
. 0 1 0 *
0
0
j
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
]
I'
.bOO
.H40
.^20
.4uO
.560
.IOC
.710
,h . o 0 a
0.005K
o.009
0.006
0.007
0.010
0 . O 1 1
'J.006K
0.013
I.1 .u.?<*
•; . OubK
0
0
0
0
0
0
u
0
0
0
u
0
.022
.02t
.021
.030
.0<+2
.030
.O2u
.030
«o2o
.0 15
.O2b
.u Jo
K VALUL x.
Lt.5S
ro
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/08/04
2606dl LS2bObdl
42 05 30.0 085 34 30.0
TOM LK/BARTON LK CONNECT
26 7.5 VICKSriORG
I/HAKTUN LAKE
XY AVE Br^DG 2 Ml Srt VlCKSbURG
HEPALES 2111204
4 0000 FEET
DATE
FROM
TO
72/10/28
72/12/31
73/02/11
73/03/11
73/04/14
73/04/23
73/05/08
73/Ot>/24
7J/06/30
73/08/06
73/08/29
73/10/24
OU630 00625
TIME DEPTh NU2&N03 TOT KJEL
OF N-10TAL N
DAY FEET
15
14
14
10
15
16
21
09
14
15
16
35
35
15
15
45
05
15
15
55
40
05
MG/L
1.
2.
2.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
llo
050
000
780
680
660
620
540
260
100
Of>0
320
MG/L
0
3
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
u
.800
.200
.560
.520
.540
.050
.640
.880
.510
.600
.oOO
.500
00610 00671 Oo6bD
NH.i-N PHOS-DIS PhOS-TOT
TOTAL OKTHO
MG/L
w .
J.
0.
0.
u.
C.
0 .
0.
0.
u.
0.
0.
231
198
049
062
044
016
050
031
042
024
087
084
MG/L
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
u .
0.
0 .
p
005K
010
006
006
005K
005K
006
006
005K
010
005K
007
MG/L P
0.020
0.036
0.010
0.015
0.025K
0.030
0.020
0.030
0.010
0.010
0.020
0.015
DEPTH
K VALUE KNOWN TO BE
LESS THAN INDICATED
-------
RETRIEVAL DATE /b/02/04
2b06bO TF2bOb50 P001700
t^ 07 00.0 085 32 00.0
VlCKSbURG
26 7.b VICKbbUriG
T/bAKTON LArsE
PUKTAGE CKEEK
11EPALES 2141204
<* 0000 FEET DEPTH
DATE
FROM
TO
73/01/03
CP(T>-
73/ul/O*
7J/02/12
CP ( r > -
73/02/13
73/o3/Oh
CP(T)-
73/03/07
73/04/05
CP ( T ) -
73/o4/Ob
73/05/10
CPITt-
7V05/11
73/ 1 2/On
CPITt-
7j' l2/0t>
73/12/12
CP (T) -
73/12/13
7<+/ul/0<»
CP(T)-
74/ol/Ob
7^/01/Os*
CP(D-
7^/ul/lO
7<*/02/05
CP-
7<*/Od!/06
7<»/u3/OM
CP(T>-
7<*/03/09
74/04/03
Oub30 C0b25 uoolO 00b71 00665 50051 500b3
TIME DEPTrt N02MM03 TOT KJEL NH3-i\l PnOS-OIS PhOb-IOT FLOW CONDUIT
OK N-rOTAL N TuTAL OnTHO RAlt FLOw-MGD
UAY FEET MG/L MG/L Mu/L MG/L P MG/L P INST Mot) MONTHLY
OB
08
08
08
08
od
06
08
08
08
Ott
08
08
08
08
08
C8
08
08
08
08
08
Ort
00
00
00
no
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
0.560 22.
3.400 23.
2.3uO 21.
2.300 22.
1.260 2o.
2.200 27.
«.8uJ 24.
b.520 19.
3.VOO 20.
b.O^tJ 15.
b.280 16.
aoo 7.<+oo
000 ^.900
uOO 8.400
000 7.300
OOo ?.100
000 10.000
000 *.5oO
000 /.200
oCO 8.300
oOU 4.000
00 J 3.600
5.100 9.800
9.300 12.000
M.300 8.75J
5.900 8.500
7.800 9.100
7.200 9.900
7.700 lu.OOO
7.500 V.300
7.300 9.000
6.800 0.300
b.'+OO 8.0 DO
0.156
0. 125
0.116
0.114
0.123
0.175
0.178
0.119
0.166
0.164
0.215
0.113
0. 124
0. 11*+
0.119
0.117
0.179
0.179
O.lbl
0. 169
0.1&6
0.194
CP( D-
-t.bOO b.400 8.bOO 0.215
0.203
0800
-------
bTORET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/02/04
260650 TF260650 P001700
42 07 00.0 085 32 00.0
VICKbaURG
26 7.5 VICKbBORG
T/bAKTON LAKE
PORTAGE CREEK
11EPALES 214120^
4 0000 FEET DEPTH
0063U
DATE TIME DEPTH N02NN03
FROM OF N-TOTAL
TO [MY FEET MG/L
00625
TOT KJEL
N
»"1G/L
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
00671
PhOS-UIS
OKTHO
MG/L P
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
50051
FLOW
RATE
INST MOD
50053
CONOUIT
FLOW-MGD
MONTHLY
74/U6/07 08 00
CP(T)-
7W06/OH 0« 00
2.880
17.000
4.400
5.800
7.350
0.191
0.204
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