U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
WORKING PAPER SERIES
REPORT
ON
CRYSTAL LAKE
MONTC/M COUNTY
MICHIGAN
EPA REGION V
WORKING PAPER No, 191
PACIFIC NORTHWEST ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY
An Associate Laboratory of the
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - CORVALLIS, OREGON
and
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - LAS VEGAS, NEVADA
>? GPO 697-O32
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REPORT
ON
CRYSTAL LAKE
MONTCALM COUNTY
MICHIGAN
EPA REGION V
WORKING PAPER No, 191
WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE
MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES
AND THE
MICHIGAN NATIONAL GUARD
FEBRUARY., 1975
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CONTENTS
Page
Foreword i i
List of Michigan Study Lakes iv
Lake and Drainage Area Map v
Sections
I. Conclusions 1
II. Lake and Drainage Basin Characteristics 3
III. Lake Water Quality Summary 4
IV- Nutrient Loadings 8
V. Literature Reviewed 12
VI. Appendices 13
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11
FOREWORD
The National Eutrophication Survey was initiated in 1972 in
response to an Administration commitment to investigate the nation-
wide threat of accelerated eutrophication to fresh water lakes and
reservoirs.
OBJECTIVES
The Survey was designed to develop, in conjunction with state
environmental agencies, information on nutrient sources, concentrations,
and impact on selected freshwater lakes as a basis for formulating
comprehensive and coordinated national, regional, and state management
practices relating to point-source discharge reduction and non-point
source pollution abatement in lake watersheds.
ANALYTIC APPROACH
The mathematical and statistical procedures selected for the
Survey's eutrophication analysis are based on related concepts that:
a. A generalized representation or model relating
sources, concentrations, and impacts can be constructed.
b. By applying measurements of relevant parameters
associated with lake degradation, the generalized model
can be transformed into an operational representation of
a lake, its drainage basin, and related nutrients.
c. With such a transformation, an assessment of the
potential for eutrophication control can be made.
LAKE ANALYSIS
In this report, the first stage of evaluation of lake and water-
shed data collected from the study lake and its drainage basin is
documented. The report is formatted to provide state environmental
agencies with specific information for basin planning [§303(e)], water
quality criteria/standards review [§303(c)], clean lakes [§314(a,b)],
and water quality monitoring [§106 and §305(b)] activities mandated
by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.
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m
Beyond the single lake analysis, broader based correlations
between nutrient concentrations (and loading) and trophic condi-
tion are being made to advance the rationale and data base for
refinement of nutrient water quality criteria for the Nation's
fresh water lakes. Likewise, multivariate evaluations for the
relationships between land use, nutrient export, and trophic
condition, by lake class or use, are being developed to assist
in the formulation of planning guidelines and policies by EPA
and to augment plans implementation by the states.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The staff of the National Eutrophication Survey (Office of
Research & Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency)
expresses sincere appreciation to the Michigan Department of
Natural Resources for professional involvement and to the
Michigan National Guard for conducting the tributary sampling
phase of the Survey.
A. Gene Gazlay, former Director, and David H. Jenkins, Acting
Director, Michigan Department of Natural Resources; and Carlos
Fetterolf, Chief Environmental Scientist, and Dennis Tierney,
Aquatic Biologist, Bureau of Water Management, Department of Natural
Resources, provided invaluable lake documentation and counsel during
the course of the Survey. John Vogt, Chief of the Bureau of Environ-
mental Health, Michigan Department of Public Health, and his staff
were most helpful in identfying point sources and soliciting municipal
participation in the Survey.
Major General Clarence A. Schnipke (Retired), then the Adjutant
General of Michigan, and Project Officer Colonel Albert W. Lesky,
who directed the volunteer efforts of the Michigan National Guardsmen,
are also gratefully acknowledged for their assistance to the Survey.
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IV
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
STUDY LAKES
STATE OF MICHIGAN
LAKE NAME
Allegan Res.
Barton
Belleville
Betsie
Brighton
Caro Res.
Charlevoix
Chemung
Constantine Res,
Crystal
Deer
Ford
Fremont
Higgins
Holloway Res.
Houghton
Jordon
Kent
Long
Macatawa
Mam's tee
Mona
Muskegon
Pentwater
Pere Marquette
Portage
Randall
Rogers Pond
Ross
St. Louis Res.
Sanford
Strawberry
Thompson
Thornapple
Union
White
COUNTY
Allegan
Kalamazoo
Wayne
Benzie
Livingston
Tuscola
Charlevoix
Livingston
St. Joseph
Montcalm
Marquette
Washtenaw
Newago
Roscommon
Genesee, Lapeer
Roscommon
Ionia, Barry
Oakland
St. Joseph
Ottawa
Manistee
Muskegon
Muskegon
Oceana
Mason
Houghton
Branch
Mecosta
Gladwin
Gratiot
Midland
Livingston
Livingston
Barry
Branch
Muskegon
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-43° is'
CRYSTAL LAKE
® Tributary Sampling Site
X Lake Sampling Site
-/) Direct Drainage Area Limits
Urban Area
43-16"
84° 58'
^
Michigan r L
LL)
Map Location
84° 56'
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CRYSTAL LAKE
STORE! NO. 2694
CONCLUSIONS
A. Trophic Condition:
Survey data show that Crystal Lake is oligotrophic. Of the
35 Michigan lakes sampled in the fall of 1972 when essentially
all were well-mixed, three had less mean total phosphorus, two
had less mean total dissolved phosphorus, and three had less
mean inorganic nitrogen; of all 41 Michigan lakes sampled, only
two lakes had less mean chlorophyll a^, and three had a greater
mean Secchi disc transparency*.
B. Rate-Limiting Nutrient:
Phosphorus was determined to be the limiting nutrient 'based
on the results of the algal assay. The lake data also indicate
that phosphorus was the limiting nutrient during all sampling
periods (N/P ratios were greater than 14/1).
C. Nutrient Controllability:
1. Point sources—During the sampling year, Crystal Lake
received a total phosphorus load at a rate less than that pro-
posed by Vollenweider (in press) as "permissible"; i.e., an
oligotrophic rate (see page n). Of that load, septic tanks
are estimated to have contributed about 16% (there are no other
* See Appendix A.
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known point sources). However, a shoreline survey would be
needed to determine the actual contributions from these sources,
While the present phosphorus loading rate is quite low,
every effort should be made to reduce all phosphorus inputs to
the lowest practicable level to protect the existing high
quality of Crystal Lake.
2. Non-point sources—The mean annual contribution from
non-point sources was estimated to be almost 85% of the total
phosphorus load reaching Crystal Lake.
.The phosphorus export of the unnamed stream (B-l) does not
appear to be excessive (see page 11) and is comparable to the
exports of other Michigan streams sampled.
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II. LAKE AND DRAINAGE BASIN CHARACTERISTICS
A. Lake Morphometry :
1. Surface area: 724 acres.
2. Mean depth: 13.9 feet.
3. Maximum depth: 70 feet.
4. Volume: 10,064 acre-feet.
5. Mean hydraulic retention time: 3.3 years.
B. Tributary and Outlet:
(See Appendix B for flow data)
1. Tributaries -
Name Drainage area* Mean flow*
Unnamed Stream (B-l) 3.8 mi2 2.9 cfs
Minor tributaries & 2
immediate drainage - 0.7 mi 1.3 cfs
Totals 4.5 mi2 4.2 cfs
2. Outlet -
Unnamed Stream (A-l) 5.6 mi2** 4.2 cfs
C. Precipitation***:
1. Year of sampling: 34.8 inches.
2. Mean annual: 28.3 inches.
t MI Cons. Dept. lake inventory map (1941); mean depth by random-dot
method.
* Drainage areas are accurate within ±5%; mean daily flows for 74% of the
sampling sites are accurate within ±25% and the remaining sites up to
±40%; and mean monthly flows, normalized mean monthly flows, and mean
annual flows are slightly more accurate than mean daily flows.
** Includes area of lake.
*** See Working Paper No. 1, "Survey Methods, 1972".
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III. LAKE WATER QUALITY SUMMARY
Crystal Lake was sampled three times during the open-water season
of 1972 by means of a pontoon-equipped Huey helicopter. Each time,
samples for physical and chemical parameters were collected from three
stations on the lake (two in November) and from a number of depths at
each station (see map, page v). During each visit, a single depth-
integrated (15 feet or near bottom to surface) sample was composited
from the stations for phytoplankton identification and enumeration; and
during the second visit, a single five-gallon depth-integrated sample
was composited for algal assays. Also each time, a depth-integrated
sample was collected from each of the stations for chlorophyll a_ analy-
sis. The maximum depths sampled were 19 feet at station 1, 37 feet at
station 2, and 7 feet at station 3.
The results obtained are presented in full in Appendix C, and the data
for the fall sampling period, when the lake was essentially well-mixed,
are summarized below. Note, h&wever, the Secchi disc summary is based on
all values.
For differences in the various parameters at the other sampling times,
refer to Appendix C.
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A. Physical and chemical characteristics:
Parameter
Minimum
FALL VALUES
(11/14/72)
Mean Median
Maximum
Temperature (Cent.)
Dissolved oxygen (mg/1 )
Conductivity (ymhos)
pH (units)
Alkalinity (mg/1)
Total P (mg/1)
Dissolved P (mg/1 )
NC-2 + NC-3 (mg/1)
Ammonia (mg/1)
Secchi disc (inches)
5.4 5.6
10.8 11.1
310 327
8.2 8.2
126 128
0.008 0.009
0.005 0.006
0.060 0.064
0.090 0.100
ALL VALUES
48 120
5.7
11.2
330
8.2
128
0.009
0.006
0.060
0.100
114
5.7
11.4
335
8.2
129
0.010
0.007
0.080
0.120
180
Biological characteristics:
1. Phytoplankton* -
Sampling
Date
09/17/72
11/14/72
Dominant
Genera
1 . Microcystis
2. Dinobryon
3. Merismopedia
4. Aphanocapsa
5. Chroococcus
Other genera
Total
1. Dinobryon
2. Flagellates
3. Asterionella
4. Achnanthes
5. Navicula
Other genera
Number
per ml
944
217
112
61
51
170
1,555
1,394
923
433
226
132
922
Total
4,030
The June sample was lost in shipment.
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2. Chlorophyll a^ -
(Because of instrumentation problems during the 1972 sampling,
the following values may be in error by plus or minus 20 percent.)
Samp! i ng
Date
06/15/72
09/17/72
11/14/72
Station
Number
01
02
01
02
03
01
02
Chlorophyll a
(ug/1 )
5.2
3.7
2.0
3.2
3.3
1.9
1.6
C. Limiting Nutrient Study:
1. Autoclaved, filtered, and nutrient spiked -
Ortho P Inorganic N Maximum yield
Spike (mg/1) Cone, (mg/1) Cone, (mg/1) (mg/l-dry wt.)
Control
0.010 P
0.020 P
0.050 P
0.050 P + 5.0 N
0.050 P + 10.0 N
10.0 N
2. Discussion -
cornutum, indicates that the potential primary productivity
was low at the time the sample was collected. The increase
in yield with the addition of phosphorus (to about 0.020
mg/1) indicates phosphorus limitation. Note the lack of
yield response when only nitrogen was added.
0.007
0.017
0.027
0.057
0.057
0.057
0.007
eld of the
0.107
0.107
0.107
0.107
5.107
10.107
10.107
assay alga, Selenastrum
0.1
3.0
3.5
3.4
19.1
17.6
0.1
capri-
-------
The lake data indicate phosphorus limitation; i.e.,
N/P ratios were 14/1 or higher, and phosphorus limitation
would be expected.
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8
IV. NUTRIENT LOADINGS
(See Appendix D for data)
For the determination of nutrient loadings, the Michigan National
fc
Guard collected monthly near-surface grab samples from each of the tribu-
tary sites indicated on the map (page v), except for the high runoff
months of January, March, and May when two samples were collected. Samp-
ling was begun in October, 1972, and was completed in October, 1973.
Through an interagency agreement, stream flow estimates for the year
of sampling and a "normalized" or average year were provided by the
Michigan District Office of the U.S. Geological Survey for the tributary
sites nearest the lake.
In this report, nutrient loads for sampled tributaries were determined
by using a modification of a U.S. Geological Survey computer program for
calculating stream loadings*. Nutrient loadings for unsampled "minor
tributaries and immediate drainage" ("II" of U.S.G.S.) were estimated
2
using the means of the nutrient loads, in Ibs/mi /year, at station B-l
2
and multiplying the means by the II area in mi .
A. Waste Sources:
1. Known municipal - None
2. Known industrial - None
See Working Paper No. 1.
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B. Annual Total Phosphorus Loading - Average Year:
1. Inputs -
Ibs P/ % of
Source yr total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Unnamed Stream (B-l) 230 51.1
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) - 40 8.9
c. Known municipal STP's - None
d. Septic tanks* - 70 15.6
e. Known industrial - None
f. Direct precipitation** - 110 24.4
Total 450 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - Unnamed Stream (A-l) 120
3. Net annual P accumulation - 330 pounds
* Estimate based on 106 shoreline dwellings; see Working Paper No. 1
** See Working Paper No. 1.
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10
C. Annual Total Nitrogen Loading - Average Year:
1. Inputs -
Ibs N/ % of
Source yr total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Unnamed Stream (B-l) 8,100 42.5
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) - 1,490 7.8
c. Known municipal STP's - None
d. Septic tanks* - 2,490 13.1
e. Known industrial - None
f. Direct precipitation** - 6,980 36.6
Total 19,060 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - Unnamed Stream
(A-l) 10,820
3. Net annual N accumulation - 8,240 pounds
* Estimated based on 106 shoreline dwellings; see Working Paper No. 1
** See Working Paper No. 1.
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11
D. Mean Annual Non-point Nutrient Export by Subdrainage Area:
Tributary kg P/km2/yr kg N/km^/yr
Unnamed Stream (B-l) 61 2,132
E. Yearly Loading Rates:
In the following table, the existing phosphorus loading
rates are compared to those proposed by Vollenweider (in press).
Essentially, his "dangerous" rate is the rate at which the
receiving water would become eutrophic or remain eutrophic;
his "permissible" rate is that which would result in the
receiving water remaining oligotrophic or becoming oligotrophic
if morphometry permitted. A mesotrophic rate1 would be consid-
ered one between "dangerous" and "permissible".
Note that Vollenweider's model may not be applicable to
water bodies with very short retention times.
Total Phosphorus Total Nitrogen
Units
Ibs/acre/yr
grams/m2/yr
Total
0.6
'0.07
Accumulated
0.5
0.05
Total
25.3
3.0
Accumulated
11.4
1.3
Vollenweider loading rates for phosphorus
(g/m2/yr) based on mean depth and mean
hydraulic retention time of Crystal Lake:
"Dangerous" (eutrophic rate) 0.24
"Permissible" (oligotrophic rate) 0.12
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12
V. LITERATURE REVIEWED
Fetterolf, Carlos, 1974. Personal communication (lake morphometry).
Dept. Nat. Resources, Lansing.
Miller, J. B., and T. Thompson, 1974. Compilation of data for
Michigan lakes. U.S. Geological Survey and Michigan Dept.
Nat. Resources, Lansing.
Vollenweider, Richard A. (in press). Input-output models. Schweiz,
Z. Hydrol.
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13
VI. APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
LAKE RANKINGS
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LAKE DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
26AO HOLLOWAY RESERVOIR
26Ai CAHO RESERVOIR
26A2 BOAKDMAN HYDRO PONO
2603 ALLEGAN LAKE
2606 BARTON LAKE
2609 BELLEVILLE LAKE
2610 BETSIE LAKE
2613 BRIGHTON LAKE
2617 LAKE CHARLEVOIX
2618 LAKE CHEMUNG
2621 CONSTANTINE RESERVOIR
2629 FORD LAKE
2631 FREMONT LAKE
26*0 JORDAN LAKE
26*3 KENT LAKE
26<*8 LAKE MACATAWA
2649 MANISTEE LAKE
2659 MUSKEGON LAKE
2665 PENTWATER LAKE
2671 RANDALL LAKE
2672 ROGERS POND
2673 ROSS RESERVOIR
267* SANFORD LAKE
2683 THORNAPPLE LAKE
2685 UNION LAKE
2688 WHITE LAKE
2691 HONA LAKE
2692 LONG LAKE
MEAN
TOTAL P
0.062
0.117
0.006
0.123
0.121
0.118
0.025
0.109
0.007
0.0*4
0.027
0.105
0.372
0.180
0.040
0.197
0.018
0.087
0.027
0.2i6
O.U26
0.03*
0.016
0.0*2
0.083
0.027
0.307
0.163
-r ALL VALUe.3'
MEAN
U1SS »
0.0*3
0.022
0.005
0.057
0.086
0.0*8
0.008
0.073
0.006
0.01*
0.008
0.058 •
0.3*2
0.1**
0.015
0.120
0.010
0-.043
0.017
0.183
0.015
0.021
c.ooa
0.032
0.06*
0.019
0.2*1
0.1*8
MEAN
INORG N
l.*61
3.835
0.358
1.168
1.489
1.420
0.273
1.015
0.230
0.132
0.910
1.536
l.*06
1.998
0.417
2.358
0.304
0.469
0.496
O.B16
0.133
O.*60
0.307
1.737
1.252
0.367
0.963
0.749
500-
MEAN SEC
439.375
473.000
363.500
470.222
456.167
46b.250
461.667
456.000
351.250
404.333
456.167
456.167
441.667 •
427.667
455.000
477.600
451.333
436.***
*30.667
4S7.333
*3b.SOO
465.333
458.750
4*2.833
*55.500
417.778
451.667
418.400
-ALL VALUtS--
MEAN
CHLORA
10.670
11.967
1.267
20.311
27.800
28.262
4.567
44.233
3.008
13.483
39.317
14.733
28.500
20.517
33.944
25.600
6.317
9.511
16.083
27.217
8.133
1U.383
13.791
14.650
15.667
9.211
27.783
10.067
15-
M1N UO
9.200
9.500
6.600
12.600
14.850
S.200'
7.400
7.500
9.240
14.800
7.500
14.000
14.800
14.900
13.000
12.200
11.38U
14.800
14.800
8.020
9.600
B. 200
8.300
10.800
8. 200
13.400
14.100
13.600
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LAKE DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
3693 ST LOUIS RESERVOIR
2694 CRYSTAL LAKE
2695 HIGGINS LAKE
2696 HOUGHTON LAKE
269? THOMPSON LAKE
2698 PERE MARQUETTE LAKE
2699 STRAWBERRY LAKE
MEAN
TOTAL P
0.134
0.009
0.007
0.018
0.043
0.032
0.069
-r «i_i_ vm.uc.3-
MEAN
DISS P
0.093
0.006
0.005
0.008
0.029
0.024
O.ObO
MEAN
INORG N
1,227
0.164
0.058
0.13b
0.436
0.346
0.567
500-
MEAN SEC
462.667
380.000
268.500
420.833
407.889
448.667
419.800
MEAN
CHLORA
5.583
2.986
1.043
9.217
11.967
11.833
11.117
15-
MIN DO
8.420
13.000
9.400
8.200
14.800
8.600
13.600
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PERCENT OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES (NUMBER OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES)
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
26AO HOLLOWAY RESERVOIR
26A1 CARO RESERVOIR
26A2 BOARDMAN HYDRO POND
2603 ALLEGAN LAKE
2606 BARTON LAKE
2609 BtLLEVILLE LAKE
2610 BETSIE LAKE
2613 BRIGHTON LAKE
2617 LAKE CHAHLEVOU
2618 LAKE CHEMUNG
26Z1 CONSTANTINE RESERVOIR
2629 FORD LAKE
2631 FREMONT LAKE
2640 JORDAN LAKE
26*3 KtNT LAKE
26*8 LAKE MACATAWA
2649 MAN1STEE LAKE
2659 MUSKEGON LAKE
2665 PENTWATER LAKE
2671 RANDALL LAKE
2672 ROGERS POND
2673 ROSS RESERVOIR
2674 SANFORD LAKE
2683 THORNAPPLE LAKE
2685 UNION LAKE
2688 WHITE LAKE
2691 MONA LAKE
2692 LONG LAKE
- — ~f BLL VALUtb"
MEAN MKAN
TOTAL P UISS P
46
29
97
20
23
26
77
31
91
49
71
34
0
11
57
9
80
37
69
6
74
60
86
54
40
66
3
14
( 16)
( 10)
( 34)
( 71
( 8)
( 9)
( 27)
( 11)
( 32)
( 17)
( 25)
( 12)
( 0)
( 4)
( 20)
( 31
( 28)
( 13)
1 24)
( 2)
( 26)
( 21)
( 30)
( 19)
( 14)
( 23)
( 1)
( 5)
43 <
54 (
97 I
31 (
20 I
31 (
77 (
23 (
91 (
71 (
83 1
29 1
0 1
11 1
69 1
14 1
74 1
40 _l
63 I
6
66
57
80
46
26
60
3
9
15)
; 19)
34)
11)
7)
U)
27)
6)
32)
25)
29)
! 10)
: 0)
i 4)
[ 24)
1 5)
1 26)
I 14)
I 22)
( 2)
I 23)
I 20)
( 28)
( 16)
( 9)
( 21)
< 1)
( 3)
MEAN
INORG N
17
0
69
Jl
14
20
80
34
83
94
40
11
23
6
63
3
77
54
51
43
86
57
74
9
26
66
37
46
( 6)
( 0)
( 24)
( 11)
( 5)
( 7)
( 28)
( 12)
( 29)
( 33)
( 14)
( 4)
( 8)
( 2)
( 22)
( 1)
( 27)
( 19)
1 18)
( 15).
( 30)
( 20)
( 26).
( 3)
( 9)
( 23)
( 13)
( 16)
500-
MEAN
57 (
3 (
91 (
6 (
29 (
11 I
17 <
34 (
94 I
86 (
29 (
29 (
54 (
69 (
40 (
0 (
46 (
60 (
66 (
23 (
63 I
9 (
20 (
51 (
37 (
80 1
43 (
77 (
SEC
201
1)
32)
2)
9)
4)
6)
121
33)
30)
9)
9)
19)
24)
14)
0)
16)
21)
23)
8)
22)
3)
7)
18)
13)
2B>
15)
27)
--ALL VALUtb
MEAN
CHLO^A
60 (
49 (
94 (
29 (
14 (
11 (
86 (
0 (
89 I
46 (
3 (
37 (
9 1
26 1
6 1
23 1
80 1
69 1
31 1
20 1
77 i
63
43
40 .
34
74
17
66
21)
17)
33)
10)
5)
4)
30)
0)
31)
16)
1)
13)
: 31
: 9)
: 2)
: 8>
; 28)
I 24)
! 11)
[ 7)
1 27)
I 22)
1 15)
( 14)
( 12)
( 26)
< 6)
( 23)
15-
MIN
63 (
54 (
97 (
40 I
3 (
79 ('
94 (
90 (
60 (
11 <
90 (
23 (
11 <
0 (
36 (
43 (
46 (
11 (
11 <
86 (
51 (
79 1
71 (
49 (
79 (
31 (
20 (
27 (
00
22)
19)
34)
14)
1)
26)
33)
31)
21)
2)
31)
8)
2)
0)
12)
15)
16)
2)
2)
30)
18)
26)
25)
17)
26)
11)
7)
9)
INDEX
NO
286
189
545
157
103
lt)4
431
212
508
357
316
163
97
123
271
92
403
271
291
184
417
32b
374
249
242
377
123
239
-------
PERCENT OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES (NUMBER OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES)
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
2693 ST LOUIS RESERVOIR
2694 CRYSTAL LAKE
2695 HIGGINS LAKE
2696 HOUGHTON LAKE
2697 THOMPSON LAKE
2698 PERE MARQUETTE LAKE
2699 STRAWBERRY LAKE
MEAN MEAN
TOTAL C IJISS P
17
89
94
83
51
63
43
( 6)
( 3D
( 33)
( 29)
( 18)
( 22)
( 15)
17
89
94
ti6
49
51
34
( 6)
( 31)
( 33)
( 30)
( 17)
( 18)
( 12)
MEAN
INORG N
29
89
97
91
60
71
49
( 10)
( 31)
( 34)
( 32)
( 21)
< 25)
( 17)
500-
MtAiM SEC
14
89
97
71
83
49
74
( 5)
( 3D
( 34)
( 25)
( 29)
( 17)
( 26)
MEAN
CHLORA
83
91
97
71
51
54
57
( 29)
( 32)
( 34)
( 25)
( 18)
( 19)
( 20)
15-
MIN DO
69
36
57
79
11
66
27
( 24)
( 12)
( 20)
( 26)
( 2)
f 23)
( 9)
INDEX
NO
229
483
536
481
305
354
284
-------
APPENDIX B
TRIBUTARY FLOW DATA
-------
FftlbUTARY FLO* INFORMATION FOR MICHIGAN
3/3/75
LAKE CODE 2694
CRYSTAL LAKE
TOTAL DRAINAGE AREA OF LAKE (SO MI)
5.58
SUH-DRAINAGE
TRIBUTARY AREAISO MI)
2694A1
2694dl
2694ZZ
5.58
3.81
1.77
JAN
3.88
2.65
1.23
FEB
4.28
2.91
1.35
MAR
b.56
4.48
2. 08
APR
7.87
5.38
2.50
TOTAL DRAINAGE AREA OF LAKE =
SUM OF SUB-ORAIdAGE AREAS
MEAN MONTHLY FLOWS AND DAILY FLOWS(CFS)
TRlaUTARY MONTH YEAR
2694A1
269481
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
72
72
72
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
72
72
72
7J
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
FLOW
5.00
6.10
13. uO
9.50
5.80
10.00
9.4J
9.30
7.70
4.80
4.20
3.10
3.30
3.40
4.10
8.90
6.50
3.90
7.10
6.40
6.30
5.20
3.20
2.90
2.10
2.20
DAY
26
1
19
19
20
26
24
26
27
31
15
28
1
19
19
20
26
24
26
27
31
15
4.90
21.00
4.90
12.00
8.20
6.70
5.40
4.10
2.80
4.00
6.20
3.40
14.03
3.40
7.80
b.60
4.5u
3.70
2.80
1.90
2.80
MAY
5.66
3.87
1.80
NORMALIZED FLOWS(CFS)
JUN JUL AUG
5.58
5.58
FLOW DAY
9.20
30
28
31
30
28
31
3.48
2.37
1.10
2.68
1.83
O.H5
2.54
1.73
0.80
SEP
2.65
1.81
0.84
OCT
3.12
2.13
0.99
NOV
3.86
2.63
1.22
DEC
4.05
2.76
1.28
MEAN
4.22
2.88
1.34
SUMMARY
3.50
b.80
7.70
TOTAL FLOW IN
TOTAL FLOW OUT
50.59
50.63
FLOW DAY
5.10
8.60
11.00
FLOW
-------
f-LUw I^HO^MrtT iO,J F UK rt iCi-i luA^J 2/3/75
LA«;E coot 2b44 C^Y^TAL i_4*t
MONTHLY FLUtVi ANu DAILY KLOdS (Of b>)
t-LOw DAY f-LOW Ul\1
iNTHLY FLUtVi ANu UAlLY Fl_tMS< FLO.v ijAY
10
11
IP.
1
2
3
<+
S
6
7
a
9
10
7^
72
72
73
73
/3
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
1
1
ij,
3
1
3
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
.b;J
.90
.10
.00
. *0
.3o
• 9u
.VJ
.^0
.S'J
.3u
.'00
.00
-------
APPENDIX C
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL DATA
-------
STOREf
DATE 7b/02/J4
269401
43 15 30.0 084 56 00.0
CRYSTAL LAKE
26 MICHIGAN
OUUlO
DATE
FROM
TO
72/06/15
72/09/17
72/11/14
TIME
OF
DAf
07 15
07 15
12 40
12 40
12 40
12 40
09 00
09 00
09 00
DEPTH
FEET
0000
0018
0000
OOU4
0015
0019
0000
0004
0010
rtATEfi
TEMP
CENT
20.0
17.7
20.4
19.9
19.9
5.4
5.4
llcPALES
00300
DO
MG/L
8.0
9.4
8.1
8.2
8.2
10.9
11.2
00077
TRAiMSP
SECCH1
INCHES
168
132
100
00094
CNDUCTVY
FIELD.
MICROMHO
330
340
320
320
315
315
330
310
325
t
00400
PH
SU
8.42
8.33
8.45
8.50
8.50
8.45
8.20
8.20
8.20
00410
T ALK
CAC03
MG/L
143
141
121
122
120
119
127
127
128
2111202
0018
00630
N02&N03
N-TOTAL
Mli/L
0.020
0.020
0.060
0.070
0.060
0.060
0.070
0.060
0.060
FEET DEPTH
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.030
0.040
0.120
0.120
0.130
0.110
0.110
0.100
0.090
00665
PriOS-TOT
MG/L P
0.007
0.009
0.011
0.007
0.007
0.009
0.009
0.010
0.010
00666
PHOS-OIS
MG/L P
0.006
0.005
0.008
0.007
0.006
0.007
0.006
0.007
0.006
32217
DATE TIME DEPTH CHLKPHYL
FROM OF A
TO DAY FEET UG/L
72/06/15 07
72/09/17 12
72/11/14 09
15 0000
40 0000
00 0000
5.2J
2.0J
1.9J
J V4LUE KNOWN TO B£ IH
-------
STORE! RETRIEVAL DATE 7S/02/U4
269402
43 15 43.0 084 56 13.0
CrfYSTAL LAKE
26 MICHIGAN
00010
DATE TIME DEPTH WATER
FROM OF TEMP
TO DAY FEET CENT
72/06/15 07 40 0000 20.1
07 40 0015 18.8
07 40 0037 11.1
72/09/17 13 05 0000
13 05 0004 20.4
13 05 0015 20.0
13 05 0023 19.9
13 05 0031 18.0
72/11/14 09 20 0000
09 20 0004 5.7
09 20 0015 5.7
09 20 0036 5.7
11EPALES
00300
DO
MG/L
7.9
8.0
2.0
9.7
8.3
6.4
5.1
11.2
10.8
11.4
00077
TRANSP
SECCHI
INCHES
180
120
104
00094
CNDUCTVY
FIELD
MICROMHO
330
345
365
320
320
320
320
340
335
330
325
335
3
00400
PH
SU
8.45
8.22
7.52
6.92
8.50
8.40
8. 40
7.90
8.20
8.20
8.20
8.20
00410
T ALK
CACU3
MG/L
141
141
162
121
122
121
129
130
129
128
128
126
2111202
0037
00630
N02&N03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
0.020
0.030
0.090
0.080
0.070
0.070
0.060
0.060
0.060
0.060
0.080
0.060
FEET DEPTH
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.040
0.060
0.110
0.120
0.090
0.120
0.190
0.190
0.090
0.090
0.120
0.100
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
0.008
0.007
0.011
0.009
0.009
0.008
0.008
0.009
0.008
0.009
0.009
0.009
00666
PHOS-DIS
MG/L P
0.006
0.005
0.008
0.008
0.007
0.007
0.006
0.007
0.006
0.005
0.007
0.005
32217
DATE TIME DEPTH CHLRPHYL
FROM OF A
TO DAY FEET UG/L
72/06/15 07 40 0000 3.7J
72/09/17 13 05 0000 3.2J
72/11/14 09 20 0000 1.6J
J VALUE KNOWN TO o£ IN EPROft
-------
STOKET *ET«IEVAL DATE 75/C2/i,4
43 16 00.0 084 55 JO.O
CRYSTAL LAKE
2b MICHIGAN
jjOlJ OJ300
DATE TIME OE^Tn WATER DO
Fr(OM OF TEMP
TO DAY FEET CENT MG/L
72/Ob/15 08 05 0000 2u.5 8.0
72/09/17 13 30 0000
13 30 0004 20.6 d.6
13 30 0007 20.6 6.b
HEPALES
00077
SECCHI
INCHES
108
00094
CNDUCTVY
K1ELO
MiCKUMhO
330
320
320
31S
00400
PH
SO
8.45
8.50
tt.50
8.50
OOtlO
T AL*
CAC03
Mb/L
142
122
121
121
2111202
0005 FEET DEPTH
00630
N02MM03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
0.020
0.060
0.0/0
0.060
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.040
0.110
0.120
0.090
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
0.008
0.009
0.013
0.007
00b66
PHOS-DIS
MG/L P
0.008
0.008
0.010
0.007
32217
DATE TIME UL^Tl CHL4PHYL
FhiUM Of- A
TO DAY FEET OG/L
72/v;9/17 13 30 OuOO
3.3J
'-'P; KMO ,\,
-------
APPENDIX D
TRIBUTARY DATA
-------
STO^tT KtTrVlEVAL uAlc.'
/ 1) 2 /•-•<*
16 JO.U 06** 55 30.0
OuTLtT CHYS.TAL/MUL) LK CO
do
DAFL
FKOM
ro
72/10/2H
72/12/01
73/01/1^
73/01/30
73/U2/ 19
73/03/20
73/'J3/2o
73/Ot/2b
73/05/2t
73/J5/31
73/Ob/2b
73/07/27
73/OH/31
73/10/15
TIM
OF
DAY
10
10
It
10
F Oc^TH
FLET
00
20
??
15
u' t f- 3 j
NU.2f.N03
'N-T'JT AL
MG/L
J.OH
.'.12
•;• . ? i
'. . 1 2
4
j
j
S
12 tb u. 1 JH
10
It
1 2
13
11
10
14
15
?S
15
«5
40
.12
15
15
CD
u . 12
0.11
•j . 0^
i; . 0 b
0
J
H
J
y . 0 4 b
v.O IdK
( .0.?
v.'.0i
C.01
^
jr-\
/
• J u b 2 ">
TOT KJtL
M
•IG/L
2.200
2,iO';
0.60 0
U . 7 .M j
0 . f M 0
0 . 5?0
0 . 7 ••< j
u . C: 'T* 'J
i.'J50
1 .bJ,u
l.-r-^U
0 . -> "> 0
0. TnO
i: < •' <' V
u v t> 1 0 u 'j b
71
i^H'j-iM r'nOS-L'IS
1 U PAL UK frl
!«iG/L l-iG/L
C..OHP j.
•j . 1 4 J i. .
••j.o3h 0.
>.'.(.' bY u.
i. .MtK y .
•J.U1*'* U.
U..ltj U.
j . v 2 i j .
i, . ^ 3 1 0 .
v . i1 b 2 U •
,i.'.|^2 j.
j . u 2 7 .* .
J * i ' ^ '"* u •
.' • v' > ij. 'v •
0
H
OODK
OODK
0^3
uODK
J05K
ao5t^
OOn:K
JOD*
OOb
00«
00^
J13
008
j'JbK
oO
ODD
HhUb-
for
MG/L r>
0
0
0
0
0
0
u
0
0
0
J
0
0
(J
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
0
u
0
0
0
0
\J
\J
0
u
0
0
u
0
11
11
t6
10
10
10
1-J
1-J
1'J
15
IT
20
ID
ID
KU
ixiNE Slut OKCKYSFAL LAKt
211120^
oOOO FEtT UE^TH
K VALUE KNOWM TO rft
LESS THAN INDICATED
-------
STOhET
OAT*£
ib 30.0
55 30.0
^b 7.b CPYSiAL
I/CKYSIAL LAKE
SECUNJAKY KJ BKOG . 1 MI W OF WALORON HO
HtPALtS 2111204
•4 0000 FEET DEPTH
DATE
FrfOM
TO
72/10/2d
72/12/01
73/01/19
73/03/20
73/03/28
73/04/26
73/05/24
73/^5/31
73/06/26
73/0//27
73/06/31
73/10/15
00630 u06?o
T1M£ DEPTH NOc!KN03 TOT KJ£L
OF N-TOTAL N
JAY FEET
10
10
It
10
It
12
13
11
10
14
15
05
30
?S
15
10
00
35
?5
11
SO
00
MG/L
0
0
t
0
0
0
u
w
0
(;
it
'.j
.200
.430
.200
.110
.061
.150
.lib
.'J54
.110
.110
.210
. 19ri
1/0610 0(Jb71 0066s
NH3-N HhOb-L)lS HHOb-TJT
VOTAL Ur
------- |