U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY WORKING PAPER SERIES REPORT ON JORDAN LAKE IONIA AND BARRY COUNTIES MICHIGAN EPA REGION V WORKING PAPER No, 198 PACIFIC NORTHWEST ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY An Associate Laboratory of the NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - CORVALLIS, OREGON and NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - LAS VEGAS, NEVADA WGPO 697.032 ------- REPORT ON JORDAN LAKE IONIA AND BARRY COUNTIES MICHIGAN EPA REGION V WORKING PAPER No, 198 209 WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF" NATURAL RESOURCES AND THE MICHIGAN NATIONAL GUARD MARCH, 1975 ------- CONTENTS Page Foreword i i List of Michigan Study Lakes iv Lake and Drainage Area Map v Sections I. Conclusions 1 II. Lake and Drainage Basin Characteristics 3 III. Lake Water Quality Summary 4 IV. Nutrient Loadings 9 V. Literature Reviewed 14 VI. Appendices 15 ------- The National Eutrophication Survey was initiated in 1972 in response to an Administration commitment to investigate the nation- wide threat of accelerated eutrophication to fresh water lakes and reservoirs. OBJECTIVES The Survey was designed to develop, in conjunction with state environmental agencies, information on nutrient sources, concentrations, and impact on selected freshwater lakes as a basis for formulating comprehensive and coordinated national, regional, and state management practices relating to point-source discharge reduction and non-point source pollution abatement in lake watersheds. ANALYTIC APPROACH The mathematical and statistical procedures selected for the Survey's eutrophication analysis are based on related concepts that: a. A generalized representation or model relating sources, concentrations, and impacts can be constructed. b. By applying measurements of relevant parameters associated with lake degradation, the generalized model can be transformed into an operational representation of a lake, its drainage basin, and related nutrients. c. With such a transformation, an assessment of the potential for eutrophication control can be made. LAKE ANALYSIS In this report, the first stage of evaluation of lake and water- shed data collected from the study lake and its drainage basin is documented. The report, is formatted to provide state environmental agencies with specific information for basin planning [§303(e)], water quality criteria/standards review [§303(c)], clean lakes [§314(a,b)], and water quality monitoring [§106 and §305(b)] activities mandated by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972. ------- Ill Beyond the single lake analysis, broader based correlations between nutrient concentrations (and loading) and trophic condi- tion are being made to advance the rationale and data base for refinement of nutrient water quality criteria for the Nation's fresh water lakes. Likewise, multivariate evaluations for the relationships between land use, nutrient export, and trophic condition, by lake class or use, are being developed to assist in the formulation of planning guidelines and policies by EPA and to augment plans implementation by the states. ACKNOWLEDGMENT The staff of the National Eutrophication Survey (Office of Research & Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) expresses sincere appreciation to the Michigan Department of Natural Resources for professional involvement and to the Michigan National Guard for conducting the tributary sampling phase of the Survey. A. Gene Gazlay, former Director, and David H. Jenkins, Acting Director, Michigan Department of Natural Resources; Carlos Fetterolf, Chief Environmental Scientist, Bureau of Water Management; and John Robinson, Chief, Dennis Tierney, Aquatic Biologist, and Albert Massey, Aquatic Biologist, Water Quality Appraisal Section, Bureau of Water Management, Department of Natural Resources, provided invaluable lake documentation and counsel during the course of the Survey. John Vogt, Chief of the Bureau of Environmental Health, Michigan Department of Public Health, and his staff were most helpful in identifying point sources and soliciting municipal participation in the Survey. Major General Clarence A. Schnipke (Retired), then the Adjutant General of Michigan, and Project Officer Colonel Albert W. Lesky, who directed the volunteer efforts of the Michigan National Guardsmen, are also gratefully acknowledged for their assistance to the Survey. ------- IV NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY STUDY LAKES STATE OF MICHIGAN LAKE NAME Allegan Res. Barton Belleville Betsie Brighton Caro Res. Charlevoix Chemung Constantine Res Crystal Deer Ford Fremont Higgins Holloway Res. Houghton Jordon Kent Long Macatawa Manistee Mona Muskegon Pentwater Pere Marquette Portage Randall Rogers Pond Ross St. Louis Res. Sanford Strawberry Thompson Thornapple Union White COUNTY Allegan Kalamazoo Wayne Benzie Livingston Tuscola Charlevoix Livingston St. Joseph Montcalm Marquette Washtenaw Newago Roscommon Genesee, Lapeer Roscommon Ionia, Barry Oakland St. Joseph Ottawa Manistee Muskegon Muskegon Oceana Mason Houghton Branch Mecosta Gladwi n Gratiot Midland Livingston Livingston Barry Branch Muskegon ------- JORDAN LAKE X Lake Sampling Site ® Tributary Sampling Site Sewage Treatment Facility C f Direct Drainage Area Limits ° if i : 2 Mi. Scale 42°50/- \ IONIA CO. BARRY CO. EATON CO 8^05' ------- JORDAN LAKE STORE! NO. 2640 I. CONCLUSIONS A. Trophic Condition: Survey data and the records of others (Fetterolf, 1964) show that Jordan Lake is eutrophic. Of the 35 Michigan lakes sampled in November when essentially all were well-mixed, only four had greater mean total and dissolved phosphorus, only two had greater mean inorganic nitrogen, and only nine had greater mean chlorophyll a/, overall, 31 of the 35 lakes exhibited better water quality*. Depletion of dissolved oxygen at 23 feet and deeper occurred at both lake stations in September. Jordan Lake is listed in "Problem Lakes in the United States" (Ketelle and Uttormark, 1971). B. Rate-Limiting Nutrient: The results of the algal assay show that Jordan Lake was nitrogen limited in September. Lake data indicate phosphorus limitation in June and November. C. Nutrient Controllability: 1. Point sources—During the sampling year, Jordan Lake received a total phosphorus load at a rate nearly twice that * See Appendix A. ------- proposed by Vollenweider (in press) as "dangerous"; i.e., nearly twice the eutrophic rate (see page 13). It is estimated that the Village of Lake Odessa contributed about 14% of the total phosphorus load to the lake during the sampling year. However, wastewater from the village is treated in three different ways and is discharged through three separate outfalls, but only two of the discharges affect the lake (see page 9). Since the village did not participate in the Survey, it was necessary to make assumptions as to the amount of waste- water discharged, the proportional flows in the three outfalls, and the nutrient concentrations in the three effluents (see page 10). Because of these constraints, the impact of the Village of Lake Odessa on Jordan Lake cannot be properly assessed, and a need for a more-detailed study is indicated. 2. Non-point sources—During the sampling year, the phos- phorus export rate of Tupper Creek was a high 146 pounds per square mile of drainage (see page 13). Whether this high export rate is due to underestimation of the phosphorus load in one of the village wastewater outfalls, or to cultural practices in the drainage, or both, is not known. ------- II. LAKE AND DRAINAGE BASIN CHARACTERISTICS A. Lake Morphometry : 1. Surface area: 430 acres. 2. Mean depth: 24.5 feet. 3. Maximum depth: 58 feet. 4. Volume: 10,535 acre-feet. 5. Mean hydraulic retention time: 304 days. B. Tributary and Outlet: (See Appendix B for flow data) 1. Tributaries - Name Drainage area* Mean flow* 2 Tupper Creek 18.3 mi 12.4 cfs Minor tributaries & 2 immediate drainage - 6.8 mi 5.1 cfs Totals 25.1 mi2 17.5 cfs 2. Outlet - Little Thornapple River 25.8 mi2** 17.5 cfs C. Precipitation***: 1. Year of sampling: 32.6 inches. 2. Mean annual: 31.2 inches. t MI Dept. Cons, lake inventory map (1957); mean depth by random-dot method. * Drainage areas are accurate within ±5%; mean daily flows for 74% of the sampling sites are accurate within ±25% and the remaining sites up to ±40%; and mean monthly flows, normalized mean monthly flows, and mean annual flows are slightly more accurate than mean daily flows. ** Includes area of lake. *** See Working Paper No. 1, "Survey Methods, 1972". ------- III. LAKE WATER QUALITY SUMMARY Jordan Lake was sampled three times during the open-water season of 1972 by means of a pontoon-equipped Huey helicopter. Each time, samples for physical and chemical parameters were collected from two stations on the lake and from a number of depths at each station (see map, page v). During each visit, a single depth-integrated (15 feet to surface) sample was composited from the stations for phytoplankton identification and enumeration; and during the second visit, a single five-gallon depth-integrated sample was composited for algal assays. Also each time, a depth-integrated sample was collected from each of the stations for chlorophyll a_ analyses. The maximum depths sampled were 44 feet at station 1 and 38 feet at station 2. The results obtained are presented in full in Appendix C, and the data for the fall sampling period, when the lake essentially was well- mixed, are summarized below. Note, however, the Secchi disc summary is based on all values. For differences in the various parameters at the other sampling times, refer to Appendix C. ------- A. Physical and chemical characteristics: FALL VALUES Parameter Temperature (Cent.) Dissolved oxygen (mg/1) Conductivity (ymhos) pH (units) Alkalinity (mg/1) Total P (mg/1) Dissolved P (mg/1) N02 + NO- (mg/1) Ammonia fmg/1) Seechi disc (inches) (11/15/72) Minimum 6.3 8.6 420 7.7 160 0.164 0.134 0.530 1.210 60 Mean 6.4 9.0 428 7.7 163 0.180 0.144 0.605 1.393 ALL VALUES 72 Median 6.4 9.0 425 7.7 162 0.184 0.147 0.540 1.340 70 Maximum 6.4 9.4 440 7.7 170 0.197 0.152 0.790 1.660 96 ------- B. Biological characteristics: 1. Phytoplankton* - Sampling Date 09/18/72 11/15/72 Dominant Genera 1. Merismopedia 2. Marssom'ella 3. Aphanocapsa 4. Microcystis 5. Fragilaria Other genera Total 1. Asterionella 2. Fragilaria 3. Flagellates 4. Anabaena 5. Stephanodiscus Other genera Total Number per ml 1,887 1,094 1,019 868 604 2.641 8,113 217 190 136 131 118 288 1,080 * The June sample was lost in shipment. ------- 2. Chlorophyll a.- (Because of instrumentation problems during the 1972 sampling, the following values may be in error by plus or minus 20 percent.) Sampling, Date 06/15/72 09/18/72 11/15/72 Station. Number 01 02 01 02 01 02 Chlorophyll a iyg/D 21.8 16.3 14.7 9.3 30.0 31.0 Limiting Nutrient Study: 1 . Autoclaved, Spike (mg/1 Control 0.005 P 0.010 P 0.020 P 0.050 P 0.050 P + 10.0 N 2. Discussion filtered, and nutrient spiked - Ortho P ) Cone, (mg/1 0.105 0.110 0.115 0.125 0.155 10.0 N 0.155 0.105 - The control yield of the cornutum, indicates that the Inorganic N ) Cone, (mg/1) 0.670 0.670 0.670 0.670 0.670 10.670 10.670 Maximum yield (mg/1 -dry wt.) 22.2 26.1 23.7 25.6 26.7 59.5 45.1 assay alga, Selenastrum capri- potential primary productivity of Jordan Lake was very high at the time the assay sample was collected. Also, the lack of significant change in yields with increased levels of orthophosphorus, until nitrogen was also added, shows that the lake was nitrogen ------- limited when sampled. Note that the addition of only nitrogen resulted in a yield far greater than the control yield. The September lake data also indicate nitrogen limitation (N/P ratio = 11/1); however, phosphorus limitation is indicated in June and November (N/P ratios = 14/1). ------- IV. NUTRIENT LOADINGS (See Appendix D for data) For the determination of nutrient loadings, the Michigan National Guard collected monthly near-surface grab samples from each of the tribu- tary sites indicated on the map (page v), except for the months of April, May, and July, when two samples were collected, and December when low flows prevented sampling. Sampling was begun in October, 1972, and was completed in September, 1973. Through an interagency agreement, stream flow estimates for the year of sampling and a "normalized" or average year were provided by the Michi- gan District Office of the U.S. Geological Survey for the tributary sites nearest the lake. In this report, nutrient loads for sampled tributaries were determined by using a modification of a U.S. Geological Survey computer program for calculating stream loadings*. Nutrient loadings for unsampled "minor tributaries and immediate drainage" ("ZZ" of U.S.G.S) were estimated by 2 using the nutrient loads, in Ibs/mi /year, in Tupper Creek at station B-l 2 and multiplying by the ZZ area in mi . The treated wastewater of the Village of Lake Odessa is discharged through three outfalls. Reportedly (Cowles, 1973), part is spray irri- gated, part receives secondary treatment plus phosphorus removal (dis- charged to Tupper Creek), and part receives primary treatment plus * See Working Paper No. 1. ------- 10 phosphorus removal (discharged to Jordan Lake). In this report, it is assumed that the discharges are equal in volume and that the phos- phorus removal results in a mean effluent concentration of 1 mg/1 of P for a total load of 900 Ibs P and 14,250 Ibs N (7.5 Ibs/capita/yr). In the following loading tables, the nutrient loads attributed to Tupper Creek are those measured at station B-l minus the loads attributed to one-third of the Village of Lake Odessa discharge. The loads attributed to Lake Odessa do not include the one-third estimated to have been spray irrigated. A. Waste Sources: 1. Known municipal Name Lake Odessa t Pop.* Served 1 ,924 Mean** Receiving Treatment Flow (mgd) Water aer. pond + 0.150 Tupper Creek P -removal primary + 0.150 Jordan Lake P-removal land disposal 0.150 Merrill drain 2. Known industrial - None t Cowles, 1973. * 1970 Census. ** Estimated. ------- 11 B. Annual Total Phosphorus Loading - Average Year: 1 . Inputs - Ibs P/ % of Source yr total a. Tributaries (non-point load) - Tupper Creek 2,670 60.8 b. Minor tributaries & immediate drainage (non-point load) - 990 22.6 c. Known municipal STP's - Lake Odessa 600 13.7 d. Septic tanks* - 60 1.4 e. Known industrial - None f. Direct precipitation** - 70 1.6 Total 4,390 100.0 2. Outputs - Lake outlet - Little Thornapple River 3,660 3. Net annual P accumulation - 730 pounds * Estimate based on 100 lakeshore dwellings; see Working Paper No. 1. ** See Working Paper No. 1. ------- 12 C. Annual Total Nitrogen Loading - Average Year: 1 . Inputs - Ibs N/ % of Source r total a. Tributaries (non-point load) - Tupper Creek 75,000 62.5 b. Minor tributaries & immediate drainage (non-point load) - 27,870 23.2 c. Known municipal STP's - Lake Odessa 9,260 8.5 d. Septic tanks* - 2,350 2.1 e. Known industrial - None f. Direct precipitation** - 4,140 3.7 Total 118,980 100. 0 2. Outputs - Lake outlet - Little Thornapple River 88,380 3. Net annual N accumulation - 30,600 pounds * Estimate based on 100 lakeshore dwellings; see Working Paper No. 1 ** See Working Paper No. 1. ------- 13 D. Mean Annual Non-point Nutrient Export by Subdrainage Area: 2 2 Tributary IDS P/mi /yr Ibs N/mi /yr Tupper Creek 146 4,098 E. Yearly Loading Rates: In the following table, the existing phosphorus loading rates are compared to those proposed by Vollenweider (in press). Essentially, his "dangerous" rate is the rate at which the receiving waters would become eutrophic or remain eutrophic; his "permissible" rate is that which would result in the receiving water remaining oligotrophic or becoming oligo- trophic if morphometry permitted. A mesotrophic rate would be considered one between "dangerous" and "permissible". Note that Vollenweider's model may not be applicable to water bodies with very short hydraulic retention times. Total Phosphorus Total Nitrogen Units Ibs/acre/yr grams/m^/yr Total 10.2 1.14 Accumulated 1.7 0.19 Total 276.4 30.9 Accumulated 70.9 7.9 Vollenweider loading rates for phosphorus (g/m^/yr) based on the mean depth and mean hydraulic retention time of Jordan Lake: "Dangerous" (eutrophic rate) 0.58 "Permissible" (oligotrophic rate) 0.29 ------- 14 V. LITERATURE REVIEWED Cowles, F. E. 1973. Treatment plant questionnaire (Lake Odessa). MI Dept. Nat. Resources, Lansing. Fetterolf, Carlos M., 1964. A discussion of some biological aspects of Jordan Lake, Lake Odessa, Michigan, 1964. MS, MI Water Res. Comm., Lansing. Ketelle, Martha J., and Paul D. Uttormark, 1971. Problem lakes in the United States. EPA Water Poll. Contr. Res. Ser., Proj. 16010 EHR. Vollenweider, Richard A. (in press). Input-output models. Schweiz. Z. Hydrol. ------- 15 VI. APPENDICES APPENDIX A LAKE RANKINGS ------- LAKE DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS LAKE CODE LAKE NAME 26AO HOLLOWAY RESERVOIR 26A1 CARO RESERVOIR 26A2 BOAHDMAN HYDRO POND 2603 ALLEGAN LAKE 2606 BARTON LAKE 2609 BELLEVILLE LAKE 2610 6ETSIE LAKE 2613 BRIGHTON LAKE 2617 LAKE CHARLEVOIX 2618 LAKE CHEMUNG 2621 CONSTANTINE RESERVOIR 2629 FORO LAKE 2631 FREMONT LAKE 2640 JORDAN LAKE 26*3 KENT LAKE 26*8 LAKE MACATAWA 26*9 MANISTEE LAKE 2659 MUSKEGON LAKE 2665 PENTWATER LAKE 2671 RANDALL LAKE 2672 ROGERS POND 2673 ROSS RESERVOIH 267* SANFORO LAKE 2683 TMORNAPPLE LAKE 2685 UNION LAKE 2688 WHITE LAKE 2691 MONA LAKE 2692 LONG LAKE MEAN TOTAL P 0.062 0.117 0.006 0.123 0.121 0.118 0.025 0.109 0.007 0.0** 0.027 0.105 0.372 0.1 BO 0.0*0 0.197 o.oie 0.087 0.027 0.2*6 0.026 0.03* 0.016 0.0*2 0.083 0.027 0.307 0.163 TALL VftLVtJ" MEAN OISS P 0.0*3 0.022 0.005 0.057 0.086 0.0*8 0.008 0.073 0.006 0.01* 0.008 0.058 • 0.3*2 ' 0.1** 0.015 0.120 0.010 0:0*3 0.017 0.183 0.015 0.021 0.008 0.032 0.06* 0.019 1>.2*1 0.1*8 MEAN INORG N l.*61 3.835 0.358 1.168 l.*89 l.*20 0.273 1.015 0.230 0.132 0.910 1.536 l.*06 1.998 0.417 2.358 0.30* 0.*69 0.496 0.818 0.183 0.460 0.307 1.737 1.252 0.367 0.963 0.7*9 500- MEAN SEC *39.375 473.000 363.500 *70.222 *56.167 *65.250 461.667 *56.000 351.250 404.333 456.167 456.167 **1.667 *27.667 455.000 477.600 451.333 436.444 430.667 457.333 43S.500 465.333 *58.750 442.833 4SS.SOO *17.778 *51.667 41B.400 -ALL VALULS- MEAN CHLORA 10.678 11.967 1.267 20.311 27.800 28.262 4.567 **.233 3.008 13.4B3 39.317 14.733 28.500 20.517 33.9** 25.600 6.317 9.511 16.083 27.217 8.133 10.383 13.791 14.650 15.667 9.211 27.783 10.067 15- MIN 00 9.200 9.500 6.600 12.600 14.850 8.200 7.400 7.500 9.2*0 14.800 7.500 14.000 14.800 14.900 13.000 12.200 11.360 14. BOO 14.800 8.020 9.600 8.200 8.300 10.800 8.200 13.400 14.100 13.600 ------- LAKE DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS LAKE CODE LAKE NAME 2693 ST LOUIS RESERVOIR 2694 CRYSTAL LAKE 2695 HIGGINS LAKE 2696 HOUGHTON LAKE 2697 THOMPSON LAKE 2698 PERE MARQUETTE LAKE 2699 STRAWBERRY LAKE MEAN TOTAL P 0.134 0.009 0.007 0.018 0.043 0.032 0.069 C A 1 1 WAI MC't r ALL VALUt; MEAN DISS P 0.093 0.006 0.005 0.008 0.029 0.024 O.ObO MEAN INORG N 1.227 0.164 0.058 0.136 0.436 0.346 0.567 500- MEAN SEC 462.667 380.000 268.500 420.833 407.889 448.667 419.800 All U Al 1 ICC« ~ALL VALUt 3 MEAN CHLOKA 5.583 2.986 1.043 9.217 11.967 11.833 11.117 15- MIN DO' 8.420 13.000 9.400 8.200 14.800 8.600 13.600 ------- PERCENT OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES (NUMBER OF LAKES KITH HIGHER VALUES) LAKE CODE LAKE NAME 26AO HOLLONAY RESERVOIR 26Ai CARO RESERVOIR 26A2 BOAKOMAN HYDRO POND 2603 ALLEGAN LAKE 2606 BAHTON LAKE 2609 BtLLEVILLE LAKE 2610 BETSIE LAKE 2613 BRIGHTON LAKE 2617 LAKE CHARLEV01X 2618 LAKE CHEMUNG 2621 CONSTANTINE RESERVOIR 2629 FORD LAKE 2631 FREMONT LAKE 2640 JORDAN LAKE 26*3 KENT LAKE 2648 LAKE MACATAWA 2649 MANISTEE LAKE 2659 MUSKEGON LAKE 2665 PENTWATER LAKE 2671 RANDALL LAKE 2672 ROGERS POND 2673 ROSS RESERVOIR 2674 SANFORD LAKE 2683 THORNAPPLE LAKE 2685 UNION LAKE 26B8 WHITE LAKE 2691 NONA LAKE 2692 LONG LAKE — ------ r»LL VOLUtU-- MEAN MEAN TOTAL P UISS P 46 29 97 20 23 26 77 31 91 49 71 34 0 11 57 9 80 37 69 6 74 60 86 54 40 66 3 14 ( 16) ( 19) I 34) ( 7) ( 8) ( 9) ( 27) ( 11) ( 32) ( 17) I 25) ( 12) I 0) ( 4) ( 20) I 3) I 28) ( 13) ( 24) ( 2) ( 26) ( 21) ( 30) I 19) ( 14) ( 23) ( 1) ( 5) 43 S4 97 31 20 37 77 23 91 71 83 29 0 11 69 14 74 40 63 6 66 57 80 46 26 60 3 9 ( 15) ( 19) ( 34) ( 11) ( 7) I 13) ( 27) ( 8) ( 32) I 25) ( 29) ( 10) ( 0) ( 4) I 241 ( 5) ( 26) ( 14) ( 22) ( 2) ( 23) ( 20) ( 28) ( 16) ( 9) ( 21) < 1) I 3) MEAN INORG N 17 0 69 31 14 20 80 34 83 94 40 11 23 6 63 3 77 54 51 43 86 57 74 9 26 66 37 46 ( 6) I 0) ( 24) ( 11) ( 5) ( 7) ( 28) ( 12) ( 29) ( 33) ( 14) < 4) ( 8) I 2) I 22) I 1) ( 27) ( 19) I 18) ( IS) ( 30) ( 20) ( 26) ( 3) ( 9) ( 23) ( 13) ( 16) 500- MEAN SEC 57 3 91 6 29 11 17 34 94 86 29 29 54 69 40 0 46 60 66 23 63 9 20 51 37 80 43 77 I 20) ( 1) < 32) ( 2) ( 9) ( 4) ( 6) ( 12) ( 331 ( 30) ( 9) I 9) ( 19) ( 24) ( 14) I 0) I 16) ( 21) 1 23) ( 8) I 22) ( 3) ( 7) I 18) 1 13) ( 28) ( 15) ( 27) MEAN CHLOKA 60 49 94 29 14 11 86 0 89 46 3 37 9 26 6 23 80 69 31 20 77 63 43 40 34 74 17 66 ( 21) ( 17) ( 33) ( 10) I 5) ( 4) ( 30) ( 0) ( 31) ( 16) ( U ( 13) ( 3) ( 9) ( 2) ( 8) < 28) ( 24) ( 11) ( 7) ( 27) ( 22) ( 15) ( 14) < 121 I 26) ( 6) < 23) 15- MIN 63 ( 54 ( 97 ( 40 I 3 ( 79 ( 94 I 90 ( 60 ( 11 ( 90 ( 23 1 11 ( 0 ( 36 ( 43 ( 46 ( 11 ( 11 ( 86 ( 51 ( 79 ( 71 ( 49 ( 79 ( 31 I 20 1 27 ( 00 22) 19) 34) 14) 1) ^26) 33) 31) 21) 2) 31) B) 2) 0) 12) 15) 16) 2) 21 30) 18) 26) 25) 17) 26) 11) 7) 9) INDEX NO 286 189 545 157 103 184 431 212 SOB 357 316 163 97 123 271 92 403 271 291 184 417 325 374 249 242 377 123 239 ------- PERCENT OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES (NUMBER OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES) LAKE CODE LAKE NAME 8693 ST LOUIS RESERVOIR 2694 CRYSTAL LAKE 2695 HIGGINS LAKE 2696 HOUGHTON LAKE 2697 THOMPSON LAKE 2698 PERE MARQUETTE LAKE 2699 STRAWBERRY LAKE MEAN MEAN TOTAL P ClISS P 17 89. 94 83 51 63 43 ( 6) (. 3D ( 33) ( 29) < 18) t 22) ( 15) 17 89 94 86 49 51 34 ( 6) ( 31) ( 33) ( 30) < 17) ( 18) ( 12) MEAN INORG N 29 1 89 1 97 I 91 i 60 ( 71 49 i I 10) ! 31) [ 34) ( 32) I 21) t 25) I 17) bOO- M£AN SEC 14 89 97 71 83 49 74 ( 5) ( 31) ( 34) ( 25) ( 29) ( 17) ( 26) MEAN CHLORA 83 91 97 71 51 54 57 ( 29) ( 32) ( 34) ( 25) ( 18) ( 19) ( 20) 15- MIN 00 69 36 57 79 11 66 27 ( 24) ( 12) ( 20) ( 26) ( 2) ( 23) ( 9) INDEX NO ,-. 229 483 536 i 481 305 354 284 ------- APPENDIX B TRIBUTARY FLOW DATA ------- TRIBUTARY FLU* INFORMATION FUR MICHIGAN 3/3/75 LAKE coot 2640 JURUAN LAM; TOTAL URAI.MAGE ARtiA OF LAI\E(S(J MI) 25.80 SUH-OKAINAbt TRIBUfAKf AREA(SO MI) JAN Ft 4 2&40A1 2t>40Bl 26402Z 25.dU 18.30 7.SO 15.bo 20.70 11.10 14.70 4.5b b.02 MAR 36.30 26.80 lU.bC APR 27.vO ly.80 a.11 MAY 21.20 15.00 b.17 NURMALI/ItU FLOWS(CFS) JUN JUL AUG SEP ocr 14.10 9.99 4.10 9.33 6.62 2.71 b.Si 6.07 B.69 14.00 6.16 4.92 2.53 4.07 NOV 16.40 11.70 4. /8 DEC MEAN 17.90 17.54 12.70 12.45 5.20 5.11 TOTAL DRAINAGE AREA OF LAK,t = SUM OF bU6-i.>RAI,MAGt ARtAS = 25.80 25.80 MEAN MONTHLY FLO*5 ANul L>AIl_Y FLO TRIBUTARY MONTH YtAH MEAN FLOW 2640A1 2fc40bl 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 b 6 7 rt 9 10 11 12 1 ? 3 t 5 6 7 8 y 10 11 1? 1 2 3 4 5 ti 7 ri 72 72 72 73 73 73 73 73 73 73 73 73 72 72 72 7j 73 /3 73 7J 73 73 73 73 72 72 72 73 73 73 7J 73 73 rj 73 DAY FLOW DAY SOMMAKY 30.00 37.00 60.00 t4.00 27.00 b3.00 50.00 b3.00 43.00 26.00 16.00 20.00 21.00 26. Ou 43.00 31.00 19.00 45.00 35.00 37.00 30.00 18.00 12.00 14.00 11.00 18.00 13.00 7.80 IB.'iO 14.00 15.00 12.1/0 7.5!) 5.10 5.70 28 2e 8 4 6 4 8 1» 31 24 28 28 8 4 b 4 8 4 31 24 26.00 34.00 24.00 37.00 28 37.00 2u 37.00 24 30.00 32.00 27 14.00 15.00 20.00 24. OC 17.00 26.00 28 2b.OO 20 2b.OO 24 22.00 22.00 27 9.60 11.00 22.00 30.00 78.00 19.00 16.00 21.00 55.00 14.00 TOTAL FLOW IN TOTAL FLO* OUT 210.89 210.67 FLOW DAY FLOW ------- APPENDIX C PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL DATA ------- STOKET KtFWIEVAL OAT£ 26<*u01 42 46 00.0 085 08 JOROAN LAKE 26 MICHIGAN DATE " FROM TO 72/06/15 72/09/18 72/11/15 00010 TIME DEPTH WATER OF TEMP DAY FEET 06 06 06 15 15 15 15 15 15 09 09 09 09 U9 09 00 00 00 20 20 ?0 20 20 20 10 10 10 10 10 10 0000 0020 0037 0000 0004 0015 0023 0030 0038 0000 0004 0015 0022 0032 0044 CENT 20. 11. 8. 19. 19. 15. 10. 8. 6. 6. b. 6. 6. 2 5 5 9 0 2 3 6 3 4 it 4 j 00300 DO MG/L 8 ? 0 8 6 0 0 0 9 9 9 9 8 .4 .5 .1 .4 .1 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .6 00077 00094 FKANSP bECCHl FIELU INCHES 66 375 46U 431 340 340 345 480 500 440 425 420 420 44U 11EPALES 3 00400 PH SU 8.75 7.35 7.33 9.00 tt.9G 8. 75 7.75 7.65 7.55 7.7U 7.70 7.70 7.70 7.70 7.70 00410 T ALK CAC03 MG/L 134 166 177 118 119 111 148 180 202 161 162 160 161 161 162 2111202 : 0037 00630 N02kN03 N-TOTAL MG/L 1.000 0.820 1.500 0.070 0.07o 0.050 0.080 0.080 0.030 0.540 O.S40 0.540 0.530 0.540 0.530 FEET DEPTH 00610 NH3-N TOTAL MG/L 0.100 0.510 0.640 0.180 0.200 0.260 2.020 3.090 4.960 1.430 1.320 1.420 1.360 1.340 1.270 00665 PHOS-TOT MG/L P 0.039 0.039 0.342 0.021 0.021 0.023 0.122 0.373 0.600 0.184 0.197 0.190 0.188 0.190 0.187 00666 PriOS-DIS MG/L P 0.023 0.029 0.324 0.010 0.011 0.010 0.096 0.326 '0.600 JO.lSl . 0.152 0.150 0.149 0.147 0.149 32217 DATE TIME DEPTH CHLKPHYL FROM OF A TO DAY FEET OG/L 72/06/15 06 00 0000 21.nJ 72/09/1H 15 20 0000 14.7J 72/11/15 09 10 0000 30.OJ VALUE KNOWN TO 8F. IN ERROR ------- STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/02/04 264002 42 46 24.0 085 08 00.0 JORDAN LAKE 26 MICHIGAN DATE TIME DEPTH FROM OF TO DAY FEET 72/06/15 Ob 30 OOUO 06 30 0015 06 30 0032 72/09/18 16 00 0000 16 00 0004 16 00 0015 16 00 0023 16 00 0030 16 00 0038 72/11/15 08 40 0000 08 40 0004 08 40 OOlb 08 40 0022 08 40 0035 00010 WATER TtMP CENT 20.6 17.0 9.5 19.8 19.0 12.6 9.8 8.6 6.3 6.4 6.4 6.3 00300 DO MG/L 9.6 4.5 0.2 7.8 6.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.4 9.0 8.8 8.8 00077 00094 TRANSP CNOUCTVY SECCHi FIELD INCHES MICROMHO 60 68 96 350 440 450 340 322 340 470 500 440 420 420 430 435 ilEPALfcS 3 00400 PH SU 8.91 7.75 7.40 9. 00 9.00 8.75 7.60 7.58 7.45 7.70 7.70 7.70 7.70 7.70 00410 T ALK CAC03 MG/L 130 165 \?S 107 108 110 162 183 210 164 166 165 164 170 2111202 0032 00630 N02fcN03 N-TOTAL MG/L 0.910 1.800 1.000 0.060 0.050 0.060 0.130 0.140 0.100 0.600 0.680 0.680 0.690 0.790 FEtT DEPTH 00610 NH3-N TOTAL MG/L 0.080 0.560 1.600 0.140 0.150 0.280 2.690 4.030 5.980 . 1.210 1.340 1.310 1.660 1.660 00665 PH05-TOT MG/L P 0.044 0.049 0.311 0.016 0.016 0.015 0.162 O.b04 0.730 0.176 0.164 0.167 0.171 0.166 '00666 PMOS-OIS MG/L P 0.034 0.042 0.296 0.008 o.ooa 0.008 0.156 0.440 0.685 •' 0.145 "' 0.136 I; 0.138 0.136 - 0.134 32217 DATE TIME DEPTH CHLKPHYL FROM OF A TO DAY FEtT UG/L 72/06/15 06 30 0000 16.3J 72/JV/18 16 00 0000 9.3J 72/11/15 06 40 0000 31.OJ J VALUE KNOWN TO BE IN ERROR ------- APPENDIX D TRIBUTARY DATA ------- STOHET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/02/04 2640A1 LS2640A1 <+2 <*5 30.0 0^5 09 00.0 LIT1LE THOKiNlAPPLL RIVEP, 26 15 IONIA 0/JOh!OAN LAKE HrtOwN KD bKL)G S JOKUAN LAKE ilt^ALES 2111204 4 0000 FEtT DATE . FROM TO 72/10/28 72/11/28 73/01/06 73/02/0* 73/02/28 73/04/06 73/04/20 73/05/0* 73/05/24 73/36/08 73/07/0* 73/07/27 73/08/31 73/09/24 OU630 J0625 TIME DEPTH N02«>.N03 TOT KJEL OF N-TOTAL N DAf FEET 08 15 15 07 11 15 11 15 11 20 1* 12 13 50 30 50 30 35 15 55 30 27 28 40 ?1 23 MG/L a 0 2 1 ? 2 2 1 1 1 0 a 0 o ,2^v .660 .200 .900 .080 .200 .040 .840 .26u .160 .450 .220 . 1H9 .29-+ MG/L 2. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 0. 1. 1. 1. 0. 0. 100 760 400 260 100 100 2bO OJO 9<+0 18u bOO 320 7-<0 /50 00610 00671 00665 IMH3-N PhOS-OIS PHOis-TGf TOTAL UPFHO MG/L 0. 0. u . 0 . (J. (, . a. o . 0. u . ii . 0. 0. J . 625 b6U 390 270 160 060 027 075 032 105 C31 lid 06b 100 MG/L P 0 0 j 0 u 0 0 u 0 d 0 0 0 ,138 .120 .095 .066 .034 .036 .028 .040 .011 .016 .019 .Ol/ .009 MG/L P 0. 190 0.1/1 0.132 0.115 0.106 O.UdO 0.100 0.070 0.066 U.OSO 0.0/0 0.065 0.0/0 DEPTH ------- STORE! RETRIEVAL OATt 75/02/04 LS2640t)l 42 46 30.0 085 07 30.0 TUPPtK LAKE/JOHDAN LAKt CONNECT 26 15 IONIA 1/JUKOAN LAKE KU BROG ACKUS TUPPER CKK NEOF JORDAN LK 11EPALES 2111204 4 0000 FEET DEPTH DATE FROM TO 72/10/28 73/01/08 73/02/04 73/02/28 73/04/06 73/04/20 73/05/04 73/05/24 73/06/08 73/07/04 73/07/27 73/08/31 73/09/24 00630 00625 TIME DEPTH N02&N03 TOT KJEL OF N-TOTAL N DAY FEET 08 10 16 07 11 15 11 15 11 20 20 12 30 00 45 20 30 30 45 40 17 40 00 11 MG/L 0 3 3 2 ? 2 2 1 1 1 C 0 0 .500 .500 .300 .900 .200 .200 .120 .400 .900 .340 .660 .200 .198 MG/L 3. 1. 0. 3. 0. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 0. 0. 350 too 575 300 960 320 100 050 400 260 000 960 620 00610 00671 006b5 IMH3-N PhlOS-UlS PhOb-IOT TOTAL URTriO MG/L \j 0 u 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .490 .160 .082 .600 .060 .023 .039 .092 .110 .072 .062 .110 .091 MG/L 0. 6 . 0. 0. 0. 0. u . 0. 0. wl . 0. 0. 0. p 105 095 050 200 030 015 014 036 072 042 069 060 030 MG/L P 0.147 0.140 u.085 0.340 0.060 O.OB5 0.050 u.075 0.095 0.09j 0.115 U.12S 0.050 ------- |