U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
WORKING PAPER SERIES
REPORT
ON
JORDAN LAKE
IONIA AND BARRY COUNTIES
MICHIGAN
EPA REGION V
WORKING PAPER No, 198
PACIFIC NORTHWEST ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY
An Associate Laboratory of the
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - CORVALLIS, OREGON
and
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - LAS VEGAS, NEVADA
WGPO 697.032
-------
REPORT
ON
JORDAN LAKE
IONIA AND BARRY COUNTIES
MICHIGAN
EPA REGION V
WORKING PAPER No, 198
209
WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE
MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF" NATURAL RESOURCES
AND THE
MICHIGAN NATIONAL GUARD
MARCH, 1975
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CONTENTS
Page
Foreword i i
List of Michigan Study Lakes iv
Lake and Drainage Area Map v
Sections
I. Conclusions 1
II. Lake and Drainage Basin Characteristics 3
III. Lake Water Quality Summary 4
IV. Nutrient Loadings 9
V. Literature Reviewed 14
VI. Appendices 15
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The National Eutrophication Survey was initiated in 1972 in
response to an Administration commitment to investigate the nation-
wide threat of accelerated eutrophication to fresh water lakes and
reservoirs.
OBJECTIVES
The Survey was designed to develop, in conjunction with state
environmental agencies, information on nutrient sources, concentrations,
and impact on selected freshwater lakes as a basis for formulating
comprehensive and coordinated national, regional, and state management
practices relating to point-source discharge reduction and non-point
source pollution abatement in lake watersheds.
ANALYTIC APPROACH
The mathematical and statistical procedures selected for the
Survey's eutrophication analysis are based on related concepts that:
a. A generalized representation or model relating
sources, concentrations, and impacts can be constructed.
b. By applying measurements of relevant parameters
associated with lake degradation, the generalized model
can be transformed into an operational representation of
a lake, its drainage basin, and related nutrients.
c. With such a transformation, an assessment of the
potential for eutrophication control can be made.
LAKE ANALYSIS
In this report, the first stage of evaluation of lake and water-
shed data collected from the study lake and its drainage basin is
documented. The report, is formatted to provide state environmental
agencies with specific information for basin planning [§303(e)], water
quality criteria/standards review [§303(c)], clean lakes [§314(a,b)],
and water quality monitoring [§106 and §305(b)] activities mandated
by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.
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Ill
Beyond the single lake analysis, broader based correlations
between nutrient concentrations (and loading) and trophic condi-
tion are being made to advance the rationale and data base for
refinement of nutrient water quality criteria for the Nation's
fresh water lakes. Likewise, multivariate evaluations for the
relationships between land use, nutrient export, and trophic
condition, by lake class or use, are being developed to assist
in the formulation of planning guidelines and policies by EPA
and to augment plans implementation by the states.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The staff of the National Eutrophication Survey (Office of
Research & Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)
expresses sincere appreciation to the Michigan Department of
Natural Resources for professional involvement and to the
Michigan National Guard for conducting the tributary sampling
phase of the Survey.
A. Gene Gazlay, former Director, and David H. Jenkins, Acting
Director, Michigan Department of Natural Resources; Carlos Fetterolf,
Chief Environmental Scientist, Bureau of Water Management; and John
Robinson, Chief, Dennis Tierney, Aquatic Biologist, and Albert Massey,
Aquatic Biologist, Water Quality Appraisal Section, Bureau of Water
Management, Department of Natural Resources, provided invaluable lake
documentation and counsel during the course of the Survey. John Vogt,
Chief of the Bureau of Environmental Health, Michigan Department of
Public Health, and his staff were most helpful in identifying point
sources and soliciting municipal participation in the Survey.
Major General Clarence A. Schnipke (Retired), then the Adjutant
General of Michigan, and Project Officer Colonel Albert W. Lesky,
who directed the volunteer efforts of the Michigan National Guardsmen,
are also gratefully acknowledged for their assistance to the Survey.
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IV
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
STUDY LAKES
STATE OF MICHIGAN
LAKE NAME
Allegan Res.
Barton
Belleville
Betsie
Brighton
Caro Res.
Charlevoix
Chemung
Constantine Res
Crystal
Deer
Ford
Fremont
Higgins
Holloway Res.
Houghton
Jordon
Kent
Long
Macatawa
Manistee
Mona
Muskegon
Pentwater
Pere Marquette
Portage
Randall
Rogers Pond
Ross
St. Louis Res.
Sanford
Strawberry
Thompson
Thornapple
Union
White
COUNTY
Allegan
Kalamazoo
Wayne
Benzie
Livingston
Tuscola
Charlevoix
Livingston
St. Joseph
Montcalm
Marquette
Washtenaw
Newago
Roscommon
Genesee, Lapeer
Roscommon
Ionia, Barry
Oakland
St. Joseph
Ottawa
Manistee
Muskegon
Muskegon
Oceana
Mason
Houghton
Branch
Mecosta
Gladwi n
Gratiot
Midland
Livingston
Livingston
Barry
Branch
Muskegon
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JORDAN LAKE
X Lake Sampling Site
® Tributary Sampling Site
Sewage Treatment Facility
C f Direct Drainage Area Limits
° if i : 2 Mi.
Scale
42°50/-
\
IONIA CO.
BARRY CO. EATON CO
8^05'
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JORDAN LAKE
STORE! NO. 2640
I. CONCLUSIONS
A. Trophic Condition:
Survey data and the records of others (Fetterolf, 1964)
show that Jordan Lake is eutrophic. Of the 35 Michigan lakes
sampled in November when essentially all were well-mixed, only
four had greater mean total and dissolved phosphorus, only two
had greater mean inorganic nitrogen, and only nine had greater
mean chlorophyll a/, overall, 31 of the 35 lakes exhibited better
water quality*.
Depletion of dissolved oxygen at 23 feet and deeper occurred
at both lake stations in September.
Jordan Lake is listed in "Problem Lakes in the United States"
(Ketelle and Uttormark, 1971).
B. Rate-Limiting Nutrient:
The results of the algal assay show that Jordan Lake was
nitrogen limited in September.
Lake data indicate phosphorus limitation in June and November.
C. Nutrient Controllability:
1. Point sources—During the sampling year, Jordan Lake
received a total phosphorus load at a rate nearly twice that
* See Appendix A.
-------
proposed by Vollenweider (in press) as "dangerous"; i.e.,
nearly twice the eutrophic rate (see page 13).
It is estimated that the Village of Lake Odessa contributed
about 14% of the total phosphorus load to the lake during the
sampling year. However, wastewater from the village is treated
in three different ways and is discharged through three separate
outfalls, but only two of the discharges affect the lake (see
page 9). Since the village did not participate in the Survey,
it was necessary to make assumptions as to the amount of waste-
water discharged, the proportional flows in the three outfalls,
and the nutrient concentrations in the three effluents (see page
10). Because of these constraints, the impact of the Village of
Lake Odessa on Jordan Lake cannot be properly assessed, and a
need for a more-detailed study is indicated.
2. Non-point sources—During the sampling year, the phos-
phorus export rate of Tupper Creek was a high 146 pounds per
square mile of drainage (see page 13). Whether this high export
rate is due to underestimation of the phosphorus load in one of
the village wastewater outfalls, or to cultural practices in the
drainage, or both, is not known.
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II. LAKE AND DRAINAGE BASIN CHARACTERISTICS
A. Lake Morphometry :
1. Surface area: 430 acres.
2. Mean depth: 24.5 feet.
3. Maximum depth: 58 feet.
4. Volume: 10,535 acre-feet.
5. Mean hydraulic retention time: 304 days.
B. Tributary and Outlet:
(See Appendix B for flow data)
1. Tributaries -
Name Drainage area* Mean flow*
2
Tupper Creek 18.3 mi 12.4 cfs
Minor tributaries & 2
immediate drainage - 6.8 mi 5.1 cfs
Totals 25.1 mi2 17.5 cfs
2. Outlet -
Little Thornapple River 25.8 mi2** 17.5 cfs
C. Precipitation***:
1. Year of sampling: 32.6 inches.
2. Mean annual: 31.2 inches.
t MI Dept. Cons, lake inventory map (1957); mean depth by random-dot method.
* Drainage areas are accurate within ±5%; mean daily flows for 74% of the
sampling sites are accurate within ±25% and the remaining sites up to
±40%; and mean monthly flows, normalized mean monthly flows, and mean
annual flows are slightly more accurate than mean daily flows.
** Includes area of lake.
*** See Working Paper No. 1, "Survey Methods, 1972".
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III. LAKE WATER QUALITY SUMMARY
Jordan Lake was sampled three times during the open-water season
of 1972 by means of a pontoon-equipped Huey helicopter. Each time,
samples for physical and chemical parameters were collected from two
stations on the lake and from a number of depths at each station (see
map, page v). During each visit, a single depth-integrated (15 feet
to surface) sample was composited from the stations for phytoplankton
identification and enumeration; and during the second visit, a single
five-gallon depth-integrated sample was composited for algal assays.
Also each time, a depth-integrated sample was collected from each of
the stations for chlorophyll a_ analyses. The maximum depths sampled
were 44 feet at station 1 and 38 feet at station 2.
The results obtained are presented in full in Appendix C, and the
data for the fall sampling period, when the lake essentially was well-
mixed, are summarized below. Note, however, the Secchi disc summary
is based on all values.
For differences in the various parameters at the other sampling
times, refer to Appendix C.
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A. Physical and chemical characteristics:
FALL VALUES
Parameter
Temperature (Cent.)
Dissolved oxygen (mg/1)
Conductivity (ymhos)
pH (units)
Alkalinity (mg/1)
Total P (mg/1)
Dissolved P (mg/1)
N02 + NO- (mg/1)
Ammonia fmg/1)
Seechi disc (inches)
(11/15/72)
Minimum
6.3
8.6
420
7.7
160
0.164
0.134
0.530
1.210
60
Mean
6.4
9.0
428
7.7
163
0.180
0.144
0.605
1.393
ALL VALUES
72
Median
6.4
9.0
425
7.7
162
0.184
0.147
0.540
1.340
70
Maximum
6.4
9.4
440
7.7
170
0.197
0.152
0.790
1.660
96
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B. Biological characteristics:
1. Phytoplankton* -
Sampling
Date
09/18/72
11/15/72
Dominant
Genera
1. Merismopedia
2. Marssom'ella
3. Aphanocapsa
4. Microcystis
5. Fragilaria
Other genera
Total
1. Asterionella
2. Fragilaria
3. Flagellates
4. Anabaena
5. Stephanodiscus
Other genera
Total
Number
per ml
1,887
1,094
1,019
868
604
2.641
8,113
217
190
136
131
118
288
1,080
* The June sample was lost in shipment.
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2. Chlorophyll a.-
(Because of instrumentation problems during the 1972 sampling,
the following values may be in error by plus or minus 20 percent.)
Sampling,
Date
06/15/72
09/18/72
11/15/72
Station.
Number
01
02
01
02
01
02
Chlorophyll a
iyg/D
21.8
16.3
14.7
9.3
30.0
31.0
Limiting Nutrient Study:
1 . Autoclaved,
Spike (mg/1
Control
0.005 P
0.010 P
0.020 P
0.050 P
0.050 P +
10.0 N
2. Discussion
filtered, and nutrient spiked -
Ortho P
) Cone, (mg/1
0.105
0.110
0.115
0.125
0.155
10.0 N 0.155
0.105
-
The control yield of the
cornutum, indicates that the
Inorganic N
) Cone, (mg/1)
0.670
0.670
0.670
0.670
0.670
10.670
10.670
Maximum yield
(mg/1 -dry wt.)
22.2
26.1
23.7
25.6
26.7
59.5
45.1
assay alga, Selenastrum capri-
potential primary
productivity
of Jordan Lake was very high at the time the assay sample
was collected. Also, the lack of significant change in
yields with increased levels of orthophosphorus, until
nitrogen was also added, shows that the lake was nitrogen
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limited when sampled. Note that the addition of only nitrogen
resulted in a yield far greater than the control yield.
The September lake data also indicate nitrogen limitation
(N/P ratio = 11/1); however, phosphorus limitation
is indicated in June and November (N/P ratios = 14/1).
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IV. NUTRIENT LOADINGS
(See Appendix D for data)
For the determination of nutrient loadings, the Michigan National
Guard collected monthly near-surface grab samples from each of the tribu-
tary sites indicated on the map (page v), except for the months of April,
May, and July, when two samples were collected, and December when low
flows prevented sampling. Sampling was begun in October, 1972, and was
completed in September, 1973.
Through an interagency agreement, stream flow estimates for the year
of sampling and a "normalized" or average year were provided by the Michi-
gan District Office of the U.S. Geological Survey for the tributary sites
nearest the lake.
In this report, nutrient loads for sampled tributaries were determined
by using a modification of a U.S. Geological Survey computer program for
calculating stream loadings*. Nutrient loadings for unsampled "minor
tributaries and immediate drainage" ("ZZ" of U.S.G.S) were estimated by
2
using the nutrient loads, in Ibs/mi /year, in Tupper Creek at station B-l
2
and multiplying by the ZZ area in mi .
The treated wastewater of the Village of Lake Odessa is discharged
through three outfalls. Reportedly (Cowles, 1973), part is spray irri-
gated, part receives secondary treatment plus phosphorus removal (dis-
charged to Tupper Creek), and part receives primary treatment plus
* See Working Paper No. 1.
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10
phosphorus removal (discharged to Jordan Lake). In this report, it
is assumed that the discharges are equal in volume and that the phos-
phorus removal results in a mean effluent concentration of 1 mg/1 of
P for a total load of 900 Ibs P and 14,250 Ibs N (7.5 Ibs/capita/yr).
In the following loading tables, the nutrient loads attributed to
Tupper Creek are those measured at station B-l minus the loads attributed
to one-third of the Village of Lake Odessa discharge. The loads attributed
to Lake Odessa do not include the one-third estimated to have been spray
irrigated.
A. Waste Sources:
1. Known municipal
Name
Lake Odessa
t
Pop.*
Served
1 ,924
Mean** Receiving
Treatment Flow (mgd) Water
aer. pond + 0.150 Tupper Creek
P -removal
primary + 0.150 Jordan Lake
P-removal
land disposal 0.150 Merrill drain
2. Known industrial - None
t Cowles, 1973.
* 1970 Census.
** Estimated.
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11
B. Annual Total Phosphorus Loading - Average Year:
1 . Inputs -
Ibs P/ % of
Source yr total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Tupper Creek 2,670 60.8
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) - 990 22.6
c. Known municipal STP's -
Lake Odessa 600 13.7
d. Septic tanks* - 60 1.4
e. Known industrial - None
f. Direct precipitation** - 70 1.6
Total 4,390 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - Little Thornapple
River 3,660
3. Net annual P accumulation - 730 pounds
* Estimate based on 100 lakeshore dwellings; see Working Paper No. 1.
** See Working Paper No. 1.
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12
C. Annual Total Nitrogen Loading - Average Year:
1 . Inputs -
Ibs N/ % of
Source r total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Tupper Creek 75,000 62.5
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) - 27,870 23.2
c. Known municipal STP's -
Lake Odessa 9,260 8.5
d. Septic tanks* - 2,350 2.1
e. Known industrial - None
f. Direct precipitation** - 4,140 3.7
Total 118,980 100. 0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - Little Thornapple
River 88,380
3. Net annual N accumulation - 30,600 pounds
* Estimate based on 100 lakeshore dwellings; see Working Paper No. 1
** See Working Paper No. 1.
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13
D. Mean Annual Non-point Nutrient Export by Subdrainage Area:
2 2
Tributary IDS P/mi /yr Ibs N/mi /yr
Tupper Creek 146 4,098
E. Yearly Loading Rates:
In the following table, the existing phosphorus loading
rates are compared to those proposed by Vollenweider (in press).
Essentially, his "dangerous" rate is the rate at which the
receiving waters would become eutrophic or remain eutrophic;
his "permissible" rate is that which would result in the
receiving water remaining oligotrophic or becoming oligo-
trophic if morphometry permitted. A mesotrophic rate would
be considered one between "dangerous" and "permissible".
Note that Vollenweider's model may not be applicable to
water bodies with very short hydraulic retention times.
Total Phosphorus Total Nitrogen
Units
Ibs/acre/yr
grams/m^/yr
Total
10.2
1.14
Accumulated
1.7
0.19
Total
276.4
30.9
Accumulated
70.9
7.9
Vollenweider loading rates for phosphorus
(g/m^/yr) based on the mean depth and mean
hydraulic retention time of Jordan Lake:
"Dangerous" (eutrophic rate) 0.58
"Permissible" (oligotrophic rate) 0.29
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14
V. LITERATURE REVIEWED
Cowles, F. E. 1973. Treatment plant questionnaire (Lake Odessa).
MI Dept. Nat. Resources, Lansing.
Fetterolf, Carlos M., 1964. A discussion of some biological aspects
of Jordan Lake, Lake Odessa, Michigan, 1964. MS, MI Water Res.
Comm., Lansing.
Ketelle, Martha J., and Paul D. Uttormark, 1971. Problem lakes in
the United States. EPA Water Poll. Contr. Res. Ser., Proj.
16010 EHR.
Vollenweider, Richard A. (in press). Input-output models. Schweiz.
Z. Hydrol.
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15
VI. APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
LAKE RANKINGS
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LAKE DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
26AO HOLLOWAY RESERVOIR
26A1 CARO RESERVOIR
26A2 BOAHDMAN HYDRO POND
2603 ALLEGAN LAKE
2606 BARTON LAKE
2609 BELLEVILLE LAKE
2610 6ETSIE LAKE
2613 BRIGHTON LAKE
2617 LAKE CHARLEVOIX
2618 LAKE CHEMUNG
2621 CONSTANTINE RESERVOIR
2629 FORO LAKE
2631 FREMONT LAKE
2640 JORDAN LAKE
26*3 KENT LAKE
26*8 LAKE MACATAWA
26*9 MANISTEE LAKE
2659 MUSKEGON LAKE
2665 PENTWATER LAKE
2671 RANDALL LAKE
2672 ROGERS POND
2673 ROSS RESERVOIH
267* SANFORO LAKE
2683 TMORNAPPLE LAKE
2685 UNION LAKE
2688 WHITE LAKE
2691 MONA LAKE
2692 LONG LAKE
MEAN
TOTAL P
0.062
0.117
0.006
0.123
0.121
0.118
0.025
0.109
0.007
0.0**
0.027
0.105
0.372
0.1 BO
0.0*0
0.197
o.oie
0.087
0.027
0.2*6
0.026
0.03*
0.016
0.0*2
0.083
0.027
0.307
0.163
TALL VftLVtJ"
MEAN
OISS P
0.0*3
0.022
0.005
0.057
0.086
0.0*8
0.008
0.073
0.006
0.01*
0.008
0.058 •
0.3*2 '
0.1**
0.015
0.120
0.010
0:0*3
0.017
0.183
0.015
0.021
0.008
0.032
0.06*
0.019
1>.2*1
0.1*8
MEAN
INORG N
l.*61
3.835
0.358
1.168
l.*89
l.*20
0.273
1.015
0.230
0.132
0.910
1.536
l.*06
1.998
0.417
2.358
0.30*
0.*69
0.496
0.818
0.183
0.460
0.307
1.737
1.252
0.367
0.963
0.7*9
500-
MEAN SEC
*39.375
473.000
363.500
*70.222
*56.167
*65.250
461.667
*56.000
351.250
404.333
456.167
456.167
**1.667
*27.667
455.000
477.600
451.333
436.444
430.667
457.333
43S.500
465.333
*58.750
442.833
4SS.SOO
*17.778
*51.667
41B.400
-ALL VALULS-
MEAN
CHLORA
10.678
11.967
1.267
20.311
27.800
28.262
4.567
**.233
3.008
13.4B3
39.317
14.733
28.500
20.517
33.9**
25.600
6.317
9.511
16.083
27.217
8.133
10.383
13.791
14.650
15.667
9.211
27.783
10.067
15-
MIN 00
9.200
9.500
6.600
12.600
14.850
8.200
7.400
7.500
9.2*0
14.800
7.500
14.000
14.800
14.900
13.000
12.200
11.360
14. BOO
14.800
8.020
9.600
8.200
8.300
10.800
8.200
13.400
14.100
13.600
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LAKE DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
2693 ST LOUIS RESERVOIR
2694 CRYSTAL LAKE
2695 HIGGINS LAKE
2696 HOUGHTON LAKE
2697 THOMPSON LAKE
2698 PERE MARQUETTE LAKE
2699 STRAWBERRY LAKE
MEAN
TOTAL P
0.134
0.009
0.007
0.018
0.043
0.032
0.069
C A 1 1 WAI MC't
r ALL VALUt;
MEAN
DISS P
0.093
0.006
0.005
0.008
0.029
0.024
O.ObO
MEAN
INORG N
1.227
0.164
0.058
0.136
0.436
0.346
0.567
500-
MEAN SEC
462.667
380.000
268.500
420.833
407.889
448.667
419.800
All U Al 1 ICC«
~ALL VALUt 3
MEAN
CHLOKA
5.583
2.986
1.043
9.217
11.967
11.833
11.117
15-
MIN DO'
8.420
13.000
9.400
8.200
14.800
8.600
13.600
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PERCENT OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES (NUMBER OF LAKES KITH HIGHER VALUES)
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
26AO HOLLONAY RESERVOIR
26Ai CARO RESERVOIR
26A2 BOAKOMAN HYDRO POND
2603 ALLEGAN LAKE
2606 BAHTON LAKE
2609 BtLLEVILLE LAKE
2610 BETSIE LAKE
2613 BRIGHTON LAKE
2617 LAKE CHARLEV01X
2618 LAKE CHEMUNG
2621 CONSTANTINE RESERVOIR
2629 FORD LAKE
2631 FREMONT LAKE
2640 JORDAN LAKE
26*3 KENT LAKE
2648 LAKE MACATAWA
2649 MANISTEE LAKE
2659 MUSKEGON LAKE
2665 PENTWATER LAKE
2671 RANDALL LAKE
2672 ROGERS POND
2673 ROSS RESERVOIR
2674 SANFORD LAKE
2683 THORNAPPLE LAKE
2685 UNION LAKE
26B8 WHITE LAKE
2691 NONA LAKE
2692 LONG LAKE
— ------ r»LL VOLUtU--
MEAN MEAN
TOTAL P UISS P
46
29
97
20
23
26
77
31
91
49
71
34
0
11
57
9
80
37
69
6
74
60
86
54
40
66
3
14
( 16)
( 19)
I 34)
( 7)
( 8)
( 9)
( 27)
( 11)
( 32)
( 17)
I 25)
( 12)
I 0)
( 4)
( 20)
I 3)
I 28)
( 13)
( 24)
( 2)
( 26)
( 21)
( 30)
I 19)
( 14)
( 23)
( 1)
( 5)
43
S4
97
31
20
37
77
23
91
71
83
29
0
11
69
14
74
40
63
6
66
57
80
46
26
60
3
9
( 15)
( 19)
( 34)
( 11)
( 7)
I 13)
( 27)
( 8)
( 32)
I 25)
( 29)
( 10)
( 0)
( 4)
I 241
( 5)
( 26)
( 14)
( 22)
( 2)
( 23)
( 20)
( 28)
( 16)
( 9)
( 21)
< 1)
I 3)
MEAN
INORG N
17
0
69
31
14
20
80
34
83
94
40
11
23
6
63
3
77
54
51
43
86
57
74
9
26
66
37
46
( 6)
I 0)
( 24)
( 11)
( 5)
( 7)
( 28)
( 12)
( 29)
( 33)
( 14)
< 4)
( 8)
I 2)
I 22)
I 1)
( 27)
( 19)
I 18)
( IS)
( 30)
( 20)
( 26)
( 3)
( 9)
( 23)
( 13)
( 16)
500-
MEAN SEC
57
3
91
6
29
11
17
34
94
86
29
29
54
69
40
0
46
60
66
23
63
9
20
51
37
80
43
77
I 20)
( 1)
< 32)
( 2)
( 9)
( 4)
( 6)
( 12)
( 331
( 30)
( 9)
I 9)
( 19)
( 24)
( 14)
I 0)
I 16)
( 21)
1 23)
( 8)
I 22)
( 3)
( 7)
I 18)
1 13)
( 28)
( 15)
( 27)
MEAN
CHLOKA
60
49
94
29
14
11
86
0
89
46
3
37
9
26
6
23
80
69
31
20
77
63
43
40
34
74
17
66
( 21)
( 17)
( 33)
( 10)
I 5)
( 4)
( 30)
( 0)
( 31)
( 16)
( U
( 13)
( 3)
( 9)
( 2)
( 8)
< 28)
( 24)
( 11)
( 7)
( 27)
( 22)
( 15)
( 14)
< 121
I 26)
( 6)
< 23)
15-
MIN
63 (
54 (
97 (
40 I
3 (
79 (
94 I
90 (
60 (
11 (
90 (
23 1
11 (
0 (
36 (
43 (
46 (
11 (
11 (
86 (
51 (
79 (
71 (
49 (
79 (
31 I
20 1
27 (
00
22)
19)
34)
14)
1)
^26)
33)
31)
21)
2)
31)
B)
2)
0)
12)
15)
16)
2)
21
30)
18)
26)
25)
17)
26)
11)
7)
9)
INDEX
NO
286
189
545
157
103
184
431
212
SOB
357
316
163
97
123
271
92
403
271
291
184
417
325
374
249
242
377
123
239
-------
PERCENT OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES (NUMBER OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES)
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
8693 ST LOUIS RESERVOIR
2694 CRYSTAL LAKE
2695 HIGGINS LAKE
2696 HOUGHTON LAKE
2697 THOMPSON LAKE
2698 PERE MARQUETTE LAKE
2699 STRAWBERRY LAKE
MEAN MEAN
TOTAL P ClISS P
17
89.
94
83
51
63
43
( 6)
(. 3D
( 33)
( 29)
< 18)
t 22)
( 15)
17
89
94
86
49
51
34
( 6)
( 31)
( 33)
( 30)
< 17)
( 18)
( 12)
MEAN
INORG N
29 1
89 1
97 I
91 i
60 (
71
49 i
I 10)
! 31)
[ 34)
( 32)
I 21)
t 25)
I 17)
bOO-
M£AN SEC
14
89
97
71
83
49
74
( 5)
( 31)
( 34)
( 25)
( 29)
( 17)
( 26)
MEAN
CHLORA
83
91
97
71
51
54
57
( 29)
( 32)
( 34)
( 25)
( 18)
( 19)
( 20)
15-
MIN 00
69
36
57
79
11
66
27
( 24)
( 12)
( 20)
( 26)
( 2)
( 23)
( 9)
INDEX
NO
,-. 229
483
536
i 481
305
354
284
-------
APPENDIX B
TRIBUTARY FLOW DATA
-------
TRIBUTARY FLU* INFORMATION FUR MICHIGAN
3/3/75
LAKE coot 2640
JURUAN LAM;
TOTAL URAI.MAGE ARtiA OF LAI\E(S(J MI)
25.80
SUH-OKAINAbt
TRIBUfAKf AREA(SO MI)
JAN
Ft 4
2&40A1
2t>40Bl
26402Z
25.dU
18.30
7.SO
15.bo 20.70
11.10 14.70
4.5b b.02
MAR
36.30
26.80
lU.bC
APR
27.vO
ly.80
a.11
MAY
21.20
15.00
b.17
NURMALI/ItU FLOWS(CFS)
JUN JUL AUG
SEP
ocr
14.10
9.99
4.10
9.33
6.62
2.71
b.Si
6.07
B.69 14.00
6.16 4.92
2.53 4.07
NOV
16.40
11.70
4. /8
DEC
MEAN
17.90 17.54
12.70 12.45
5.20 5.11
TOTAL DRAINAGE AREA OF LAK,t =
SUM OF bU6-i.>RAI,MAGt ARtAS =
25.80
25.80
MEAN MONTHLY FLO*5 ANul L>AIl_Y FLO
TRIBUTARY MONTH YtAH MEAN FLOW
2640A1
2fc40bl
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
b
6
7
rt
9
10
11
12
1
?
3
t
5
6
7
8
y
10
11
1?
1
2
3
4
5
ti
7
ri
72
72
72
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
72
72
72
7j
73
/3
73
7J
73
73
73
73
72
72
72
73
73
73
7J
73
73
rj
73
DAY
FLOW DAY
SOMMAKY
30.00
37.00
60.00
t4.00
27.00
b3.00
50.00
b3.00
43.00
26.00
16.00
20.00
21.00
26. Ou
43.00
31.00
19.00
45.00
35.00
37.00
30.00
18.00
12.00
14.00
11.00
18.00
13.00
7.80
IB.'iO
14.00
15.00
12.1/0
7.5!)
5.10
5.70
28
2e
8
4
6
4
8
1»
31
24
28
28
8
4
b
4
8
4
31
24
26.00
34.00
24.00
37.00 28
37.00 2u
37.00 24
30.00
32.00 27
14.00
15.00
20.00
24. OC
17.00
26.00 28
2b.OO 20
2b.OO 24
22.00
22.00 27
9.60
11.00
22.00
30.00
78.00
19.00
16.00
21.00
55.00
14.00
TOTAL FLOW IN
TOTAL FLO* OUT
210.89
210.67
FLOW DAY
FLOW
-------
APPENDIX C
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL DATA
-------
STOKET KtFWIEVAL OAT£
26<*u01
42 46 00.0 085 08
JOROAN LAKE
26 MICHIGAN
DATE
" FROM
TO
72/06/15
72/09/18
72/11/15
00010
TIME DEPTH WATER
OF TEMP
DAY FEET
06
06
06
15
15
15
15
15
15
09
09
09
09
U9
09
00
00
00
20
20
?0
20
20
20
10
10
10
10
10
10
0000
0020
0037
0000
0004
0015
0023
0030
0038
0000
0004
0015
0022
0032
0044
CENT
20.
11.
8.
19.
19.
15.
10.
8.
6.
6.
b.
6.
6.
2
5
5
9
0
2
3
6
3
4
it
4
j
00300
DO
MG/L
8
?
0
8
6
0
0
0
9
9
9
9
8
.4
.5
.1
.4
.1
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.6
00077 00094
FKANSP
bECCHl FIELU
INCHES
66
375
46U
431
340
340
345
480
500
440
425
420
420
44U
11EPALES
3
00400
PH
SU
8.75
7.35
7.33
9.00
tt.9G
8. 75
7.75
7.65
7.55
7.7U
7.70
7.70
7.70
7.70
7.70
00410
T ALK
CAC03
MG/L
134
166
177
118
119
111
148
180
202
161
162
160
161
161
162
2111202 :
0037
00630
N02kN03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
1.000
0.820
1.500
0.070
0.07o
0.050
0.080
0.080
0.030
0.540
O.S40
0.540
0.530
0.540
0.530
FEET DEPTH
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.100
0.510
0.640
0.180
0.200
0.260
2.020
3.090
4.960
1.430
1.320
1.420
1.360
1.340
1.270
00665
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
0.039
0.039
0.342
0.021
0.021
0.023
0.122
0.373
0.600
0.184
0.197
0.190
0.188
0.190
0.187
00666
PriOS-DIS
MG/L P
0.023
0.029
0.324
0.010
0.011
0.010
0.096
0.326
'0.600
JO.lSl
. 0.152
0.150
0.149
0.147
0.149
32217
DATE TIME DEPTH CHLKPHYL
FROM OF A
TO DAY FEET OG/L
72/06/15 06 00 0000 21.nJ
72/09/1H 15 20 0000 14.7J
72/11/15 09 10 0000 30.OJ
VALUE KNOWN TO 8F. IN ERROR
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/02/04
264002
42 46 24.0 085 08 00.0
JORDAN LAKE
26 MICHIGAN
DATE TIME DEPTH
FROM OF
TO DAY FEET
72/06/15 Ob 30 OOUO
06 30 0015
06 30 0032
72/09/18 16 00 0000
16 00 0004
16 00 0015
16 00 0023
16 00 0030
16 00 0038
72/11/15 08 40 0000
08 40 0004
08 40 OOlb
08 40 0022
08 40 0035
00010
WATER
TtMP
CENT
20.6
17.0
9.5
19.8
19.0
12.6
9.8
8.6
6.3
6.4
6.4
6.3
00300
DO
MG/L
9.6
4.5
0.2
7.8
6.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
9.4
9.0
8.8
8.8
00077 00094
TRANSP CNOUCTVY
SECCHi FIELD
INCHES MICROMHO
60
68
96
350
440
450
340
322
340
470
500
440
420
420
430
435
ilEPALfcS
3
00400
PH
SU
8.91
7.75
7.40
9. 00
9.00
8.75
7.60
7.58
7.45
7.70
7.70
7.70
7.70
7.70
00410
T ALK
CAC03
MG/L
130
165
\?S
107
108
110
162
183
210
164
166
165
164
170
2111202
0032
00630
N02fcN03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
0.910
1.800
1.000
0.060
0.050
0.060
0.130
0.140
0.100
0.600
0.680
0.680
0.690
0.790
FEtT DEPTH
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.080
0.560
1.600
0.140
0.150
0.280
2.690
4.030
5.980
. 1.210
1.340
1.310
1.660
1.660
00665
PH05-TOT
MG/L P
0.044
0.049
0.311
0.016
0.016
0.015
0.162
O.b04
0.730
0.176
0.164
0.167
0.171
0.166
'00666
PMOS-OIS
MG/L P
0.034
0.042
0.296
0.008
o.ooa
0.008
0.156
0.440
0.685
•' 0.145
"' 0.136
I; 0.138
0.136
- 0.134
32217
DATE TIME DEPTH CHLKPHYL
FROM OF A
TO DAY FEtT UG/L
72/06/15 06 30 0000 16.3J
72/JV/18 16 00 0000 9.3J
72/11/15 06 40 0000 31.OJ
J VALUE KNOWN TO BE IN ERROR
-------
APPENDIX D
TRIBUTARY DATA
-------
STOHET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/02/04
2640A1 LS2640A1
<+2 <*5 30.0 0^5 09 00.0
LIT1LE THOKiNlAPPLL RIVEP,
26 15 IONIA
0/JOh!OAN LAKE
HrtOwN KD bKL)G S JOKUAN LAKE
ilt^ALES 2111204
4 0000 FEtT
DATE .
FROM
TO
72/10/28
72/11/28
73/01/06
73/02/0*
73/02/28
73/04/06
73/04/20
73/05/0*
73/05/24
73/36/08
73/07/0*
73/07/27
73/08/31
73/09/24
OU630 J0625
TIME DEPTH N02«>.N03 TOT KJEL
OF N-TOTAL N
DAf FEET
08
15
15
07
11
15
11
15
11
20
1*
12
13
50
30
50
30
35
15
55
30
27
28
40
?1
23
MG/L
a
0
2
1
?
2
2
1
1
1
0
a
0
o
,2^v
.660
.200
.900
.080
.200
.040
.840
.26u
.160
.450
.220
. 1H9
.29-+
MG/L
2.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
0.
1.
1.
1.
0.
0.
100
760
400
260
100
100
2bO
OJO
9<+0
18u
bOO
320
7-<0
/50
00610 00671 00665
IMH3-N PhOS-OIS PHOis-TGf
TOTAL UPFHO
MG/L
0.
0.
u .
0 .
(J.
(, .
a.
o .
0.
u .
ii .
0.
0.
J .
625
b6U
390
270
160
060
027
075
032
105
C31
lid
06b
100
MG/L P
0
0
j
0
u
0
0
u
0
d
0
0
0
,138
.120
.095
.066
.034
.036
.028
.040
.011
.016
.019
.Ol/
.009
MG/L P
0. 190
0.1/1
0.132
0.115
0.106
O.UdO
0.100
0.070
0.066
U.OSO
0.0/0
0.065
0.0/0
DEPTH
-------
STORE! RETRIEVAL OATt 75/02/04
LS2640t)l
42 46 30.0 085 07 30.0
TUPPtK LAKE/JOHDAN LAKt CONNECT
26 15 IONIA
1/JUKOAN LAKE
KU BROG ACKUS TUPPER CKK NEOF JORDAN LK
11EPALES 2111204
4 0000 FEET DEPTH
DATE
FROM
TO
72/10/28
73/01/08
73/02/04
73/02/28
73/04/06
73/04/20
73/05/04
73/05/24
73/06/08
73/07/04
73/07/27
73/08/31
73/09/24
00630 00625
TIME DEPTH N02&N03 TOT KJEL
OF N-TOTAL N
DAY FEET
08
10
16
07
11
15
11
15
11
20
20
12
30
00
45
20
30
30
45
40
17
40
00
11
MG/L
0
3
3
2
?
2
2
1
1
1
C
0
0
.500
.500
.300
.900
.200
.200
.120
.400
.900
.340
.660
.200
.198
MG/L
3.
1.
0.
3.
0.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
0.
0.
350
too
575
300
960
320
100
050
400
260
000
960
620
00610 00671 006b5
IMH3-N PhlOS-UlS PhOb-IOT
TOTAL URTriO
MG/L
\j
0
u
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.490
.160
.082
.600
.060
.023
.039
.092
.110
.072
.062
.110
.091
MG/L
0.
6 .
0.
0.
0.
0.
u .
0.
0.
wl .
0.
0.
0.
p
105
095
050
200
030
015
014
036
072
042
069
060
030
MG/L P
0.147
0.140
u.085
0.340
0.060
O.OB5
0.050
u.075
0.095
0.09j
0.115
U.12S
0.050
------- |