U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
                         WORKING PAPER SERIES
                                               REPORT
                                                ON
                                             JORDAN LAKE
                                        IONIA AND BARRY COUNTIES
                                              MICHIGAN
                                            EPA REGION V
                                         WORKING PAPER No, 198
           PACIFIC NORTHWEST ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY
                          An Associate Laboratory of the
             NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - CORVALLIS, OREGON
                                   and
       NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - LAS VEGAS, NEVADA
WGPO	697.032

-------
                                   REPORT
                                     ON
                                 JORDAN LAKE
                           IONIA AND BARRY COUNTIES
                                  MICHIGAN
                                EPA REGION V
                            WORKING PAPER No, 198
                                                     209
       WITH THE COOPERATION  OF THE
MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF" NATURAL RESOURCES
                 AND THE
         MICHIGAN NATIONAL GUARD
               MARCH, 1975

-------
                               CONTENTS
                                                           Page
  Foreword                                                  i i
  List of Michigan Study Lakes                              iv
  Lake and Drainage Area Map                                 v

  Sections
  I.   Conclusions                                            1
 II.   Lake and Drainage Basin Characteristics               3
III.   Lake Water Quality Summary                            4
 IV.   Nutrient Loadings                                     9
  V.   Literature Reviewed                                   14
 VI.   Appendices                                            15

-------
    The National Eutrophication Survey was initiated in 1972 in
response to an Administration commitment to investigate the nation-
wide threat of accelerated eutrophication to fresh water lakes and
reservoirs.

OBJECTIVES

    The Survey was designed to develop, in conjunction with state
environmental agencies, information on nutrient sources, concentrations,
and impact on selected freshwater lakes as a basis for formulating
comprehensive and coordinated national, regional, and state management
practices relating to point-source discharge reduction and non-point
source pollution abatement in lake watersheds.

ANALYTIC APPROACH

    The mathematical and statistical procedures selected for the
Survey's eutrophication analysis are based on related concepts that:

        a.  A generalized representation or model relating
    sources, concentrations, and impacts can be constructed.

        b.  By applying measurements of relevant parameters
    associated with lake degradation, the generalized model
    can be transformed into an operational representation of
    a lake, its drainage basin, and related nutrients.

        c.  With such a transformation, an assessment of the
    potential for eutrophication control can be made.

LAKE ANALYSIS

    In this report, the first stage of evaluation of lake and water-
shed data collected from the study lake and its drainage basin is
documented.  The report, is formatted to provide state environmental
agencies with specific information for basin planning [§303(e)], water
quality criteria/standards review [§303(c)], clean lakes [§314(a,b)],
and water quality monitoring [§106 and §305(b)] activities mandated
by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.

-------
                                Ill
    Beyond the single lake analysis, broader based correlations
between nutrient concentrations (and loading) and trophic condi-
tion are being made to advance the rationale and data base for
refinement of nutrient water quality criteria for the Nation's
fresh water lakes.  Likewise, multivariate evaluations for the
relationships between land use, nutrient export, and trophic
condition, by lake class or use, are being developed to assist
in the formulation of planning guidelines and policies by EPA
and to augment plans implementation by the states.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

    The staff of the National Eutrophication Survey (Office of
Research & Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)
expresses sincere appreciation to the Michigan Department of
Natural Resources for professional involvement and to the
Michigan National Guard for conducting the tributary sampling
phase of the Survey.

    A. Gene Gazlay, former Director, and David H. Jenkins, Acting
Director, Michigan Department of Natural Resources; Carlos Fetterolf,
Chief Environmental Scientist, Bureau of Water Management; and John
Robinson, Chief, Dennis Tierney, Aquatic Biologist, and Albert Massey,
Aquatic Biologist, Water Quality Appraisal Section, Bureau of Water
Management, Department of Natural Resources, provided invaluable lake
documentation and counsel  during the course of the Survey.  John Vogt,
Chief of the Bureau of Environmental Health, Michigan Department of
Public Health, and his staff were most helpful in identifying point
sources and soliciting municipal participation in the Survey.

    Major General Clarence A. Schnipke (Retired), then the Adjutant
General of Michigan, and Project Officer Colonel Albert W. Lesky,
who directed the volunteer efforts of the Michigan National Guardsmen,
are also gratefully acknowledged for their assistance to the Survey.

-------
                                IV
                  NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY

                            STUDY LAKES

                         STATE OF MICHIGAN
LAKE NAME

Allegan Res.
Barton
Belleville
Betsie
Brighton
Caro Res.
Charlevoix
Chemung
Constantine Res
Crystal
Deer
Ford
Fremont
Higgins
Holloway Res.
Houghton
Jordon
Kent
Long
Macatawa
Manistee
Mona
Muskegon
Pentwater
Pere Marquette
Portage
Randall
Rogers Pond
Ross
St. Louis Res.
Sanford
Strawberry
Thompson
Thornapple
Union
White
COUNTY

Allegan
Kalamazoo
Wayne
Benzie
Livingston
Tuscola
Charlevoix
Livingston
St. Joseph
Montcalm
Marquette
Washtenaw
Newago
Roscommon
Genesee, Lapeer
Roscommon
Ionia, Barry
Oakland
St. Joseph
Ottawa
Manistee
Muskegon
Muskegon
Oceana
Mason
Houghton
Branch
Mecosta
Gladwi n
Gratiot
Midland
Livingston
Livingston
Barry
Branch
Muskegon

-------
     JORDAN LAKE


X   Lake Sampling Site


®   Tributary Sampling Site


     Sewage Treatment Facility
C f  Direct Drainage Area Limits

 °	if	i	:	2 Mi.
           Scale
                                                                                             42°50/-
\

                                                                     IONIA CO.
                                                               BARRY CO.  EATON CO
                                                                  8^05'

-------
                            JORDAN LAKE
                          STORE! NO. 2640

I.  CONCLUSIONS
    A.  Trophic Condition:
            Survey data and the records of others (Fetterolf, 1964)
        show that Jordan Lake is eutrophic.  Of the 35 Michigan lakes
        sampled in November when essentially all were well-mixed, only
        four had greater mean total and dissolved phosphorus, only two
        had greater mean inorganic nitrogen, and only nine had greater
        mean chlorophyll a/, overall, 31 of the 35 lakes exhibited better
        water quality*.
            Depletion of dissolved oxygen at 23 feet and deeper occurred
        at both lake stations in September.
            Jordan Lake is listed in "Problem Lakes in the United States"
        (Ketelle and Uttormark, 1971).
    B.  Rate-Limiting Nutrient:
            The results of the algal assay show that Jordan Lake was
        nitrogen limited in September.
            Lake data indicate phosphorus limitation in June and November.
    C.  Nutrient Controllability:
            1.  Point sources—During the sampling year, Jordan Lake
        received a total phosphorus load at a rate nearly twice that
* See Appendix A.

-------
proposed by Vollenweider (in press) as "dangerous"; i.e.,
nearly twice the eutrophic rate (see page 13).
     It is estimated that the Village of Lake Odessa contributed
about 14% of the total phosphorus load to the lake during the
sampling year.  However, wastewater from the village is treated
in three different ways and is discharged through three separate
outfalls, but only two of the discharges affect the lake (see
page 9).  Since the village did not participate in the Survey,
it was necessary to make assumptions as to the amount of waste-
water discharged, the proportional flows in the three outfalls,
and the nutrient concentrations in the three effluents (see page
10).  Because of these constraints, the impact of the Village of
Lake Odessa on Jordan Lake cannot be properly assessed, and a
need for a more-detailed study is indicated.
    2.  Non-point sources—During the sampling year, the phos-
phorus export rate of Tupper Creek was a high 146 pounds per
square mile of drainage (see page 13).  Whether this high export
rate is due to underestimation of the phosphorus load in one of
the village wastewater outfalls, or to cultural practices in the
drainage, or both, is not known.

-------
II.   LAKE AND DRAINAGE BASIN CHARACTERISTICS
     A.   Lake Morphometry :
         1.   Surface area:   430 acres.
         2.   Mean depth:   24.5  feet.
         3.   Maximum depth:   58 feet.
         4.   Volume:  10,535 acre-feet.
         5.   Mean hydraulic  retention time:   304  days.
     B.   Tributary and Outlet:
         (See Appendix B  for flow data)
         1.   Tributaries  -
             Name                              Drainage  area* Mean  flow*
                                                         2
             Tupper Creek                         18.3 mi       12.4 cfs
             Minor tributaries  &                         2
              immediate drainage -                 6.8 mi        5.1  cfs
                         Totals                  25.1 mi2      17.5 cfs
         2.   Outlet -
             Little Thornapple  River               25.8 mi2**    17.5 cfs
     C.   Precipitation***:
         1.   Year of sampling:   32.6  inches.
         2.   Mean annual:  31.2 inches.
 t MI Dept.  Cons,  lake inventory map (1957);  mean  depth  by  random-dot method.
 * Drainage  areas  are accurate within ±5%;  mean  daily  flows for  74%  of  the
   sampling  sites  are accurate within ±25%  and the remaining sites up to
   ±40%;  and mean  monthly flows, normalized mean monthly flows,  and  mean
   annual  flows are slightly more accurate  than  mean daily  flows.
 ** Includes area  of lake.
 *** See  Working Paper No. 1, "Survey Methods, 1972".

-------
III.  LAKE WATER QUALITY SUMMARY
      Jordan Lake was sampled three times during the  open-water  season
  of 1972 by means of a pontoon-equipped Huey helicopter.   Each  time,
  samples for physical  and chemical parameters were collected  from  two
  stations on the lake  and from a number of depths at each  station  (see
  map, page v).   During each visit, a single depth-integrated  (15 feet
  to surface) sample was composited from the stations for phytoplankton
  identification and enumeration; and during the second visit, a single
  five-gallon depth-integrated sample was composited  for algal assays.
  Also each time, a depth-integrated sample was collected from each of
  the stations for chlorophyll a_ analyses.   The maximum depths sampled
  were 44 feet at station 1  and 38 feet at station 2.
      The results obtained are presented in full in Appendix  C,  and the
  data for the fall sampling period, when the lake essentially was  well-
  mixed,  are summarized below.  Note, however, the Secchi disc summary
  is based on all values.
      For differences in the various parameters at the other  sampling
  times,  refer to Appendix C.

-------
A.  Physical and chemical characteristics:

                                    FALL VALUES
    Parameter

    Temperature (Cent.)
    Dissolved oxygen (mg/1)
    Conductivity (ymhos)
    pH (units)
    Alkalinity (mg/1)
    Total P (mg/1)
    Dissolved P (mg/1)
    N02 + NO- (mg/1)
    Ammonia fmg/1)
    Seechi disc (inches)
(11/15/72)
Minimum
6.3
8.6
420
7.7
160
0.164
0.134
0.530
1.210

60
Mean
6.4
9.0
428
7.7
163
0.180
0.144
0.605
1.393
ALL VALUES
72
Median

  6.4
  9.0
425
  7.7
162
  0.184
  0.147
  0.540
  1.340
 70
Maximum

  6.4
  9.4
440
  7.7
170
  0.197
  0.152
  0.790
  1.660
 96

-------
    B.  Biological characteristics:

        1.  Phytoplankton* -
            Sampling
            Date

            09/18/72
            11/15/72
Dominant
Genera

1.  Merismopedia
2.  Marssom'ella
3.  Aphanocapsa
4.  Microcystis
5.  Fragilaria
    Other genera

             Total

1.  Asterionella
2.  Fragilaria
3.  Flagellates
4.  Anabaena
5.  Stephanodiscus
    Other genera

             Total
Number
per ml

1,887
1,094
1,019
  868
  604
2.641

8,113

  217
  190
  136
  131
  118
  288

1,080
* The June sample was lost in shipment.

-------
2.  Chlorophyll  a.-
    (Because of instrumentation problems  during  the  1972  sampling,
    the following values may be in error  by plus  or  minus  20  percent.)
Sampling,
Date
06/15/72

09/18/72

11/15/72

Station.
Number
01
02
01
02
01
02
Chlorophyll a
iyg/D






21.8
16.3
14.7
9.3
30.0
31.0
Limiting Nutrient Study:
1 . Autoclaved,
Spike (mg/1
Control
0.005 P
0.010 P
0.020 P
0.050 P
0.050 P +
10.0 N
2. Discussion
filtered, and nutrient spiked -
Ortho P
) Cone, (mg/1
0.105
0.110
0.115
0.125
0.155
10.0 N 0.155
0.105
-
The control yield of the
cornutum, indicates that the
Inorganic N
) Cone, (mg/1)
0.670
0.670
0.670
0.670
0.670
10.670
10.670

Maximum yield
(mg/1 -dry wt.)
22.2
26.1
23.7
25.6
26.7
59.5
45.1

assay alga, Selenastrum capri-
potential primary
productivity
    of Jordan Lake was very high at the time the assay sample

    was collected.  Also, the lack of significant change in

    yields with increased levels of orthophosphorus,  until

    nitrogen was also added, shows that the lake was  nitrogen

-------
limited when sampled.   Note that the  addition of only nitrogen
resulted in a yield far greater than  the  control yield.
    The September lake data also indicate nitrogen  limitation
(N/P ratio = 11/1); however, phosphorus limitation
is indicated in June and November (N/P  ratios = 14/1).

-------
IV.   NUTRIENT LOADINGS
     (See Appendix D for data)
     For the determination  of nutrient  loadings,  the Michigan National
 Guard collected monthly near-surface grab  samples  from each of the tribu-
 tary sites indicated on the  map  (page  v),  except for the months of April,
 May, and July,  when two samples  were collected,  and December when low
 flows prevented sampling.  Sampling was  begun  in October, 1972, and was
 completed in September, 1973.
     Through an  interagency agreement,  stream flow  estimates for the year
 of  sampling and a "normalized" or average  year were provided by the Michi-
 gan District Office of the U.S.  Geological  Survey  for the tributary sites
 nearest the lake.
     In this report, nutrient loads for sampled tributaries were determined
 by  using a modification of a U.S.  Geological Survey computer program for
 calculating stream loadings*.  Nutrient  loadings for unsampled "minor
 tributaries and immediate  drainage"  ("ZZ"  of U.S.G.S) were estimated by
                                   2
 using the nutrient loads,  in Ibs/mi /year,  in  Tupper Creek at station  B-l
                                    2
 and multiplying by the ZZ  area in  mi  .
     The treated wastewater of the  Village  of Lake  Odessa is discharged
 through three outfalls. Reportedly  (Cowles, 1973), part is spray irri-
 gated, part receives secondary treatment plus  phosphorus removal  (dis-
 charged to Tupper Creek),  and part receives primary treatment plus
 * See  Working  Paper No.  1.

-------
                                 10
phosphorus removal (discharged to Jordan Lake).  In this report,  it
is assumed that the discharges are equal in volume and that the phos-
phorus removal results in a mean effluent concentration of 1  mg/1  of
P for a total load of 900 Ibs P and 14,250 Ibs N (7.5 Ibs/capita/yr).
    In the following loading tables, the nutrient loads attributed to
Tupper Creek are those measured at station B-l minus the loads attributed
to one-third of the Village of Lake Odessa discharge.  The loads  attributed
to Lake Odessa do not include the one-third estimated to have been spray
irrigated.
    A.  Waste Sources:
        1.  Known municipal
        Name
        Lake Odessa
t
Pop.*
Served
1 ,924
Mean** Receiving
Treatment Flow (mgd) Water
aer. pond + 0.150 Tupper Creek
P -removal
primary + 0.150 Jordan Lake
P-removal
land disposal 0.150 Merrill drain
        2.  Known industrial - None
t Cowles, 1973.
* 1970 Census.
** Estimated.

-------
                                 11
      B.  Annual Total Phosphorus Loading - Average Year:
          1 .  Inputs -
                                                Ibs P/         % of
              Source                            yr             total
              a.  Tributaries (non-point load) -
                  Tupper Creek                  2,670           60.8
              b.  Minor tributaries & immediate
                   drainage (non-point load) -    990           22.6
              c.  Known municipal STP's -
                  Lake Odessa                     600           13.7
              d.  Septic tanks* -                  60            1.4
              e.  Known industrial - None
              f.  Direct precipitation** -         70            1.6
                           Total                4,390          100.0
          2.  Outputs -
              Lake outlet - Little Thornapple
               River                            3,660
          3.  Net annual P accumulation - 730 pounds
* Estimate based on 100 lakeshore dwellings; see Working Paper No. 1.
** See Working Paper No. 1.

-------
                                 12
      C.  Annual Total Nitrogen Loading - Average Year:
          1 .  Inputs -
                                                Ibs N/         % of
              Source                             r             total
              a.  Tributaries (non-point load) -
                  Tupper Creek                   75,000         62.5
              b.  Minor tributaries & immediate
                   drainage  (non-point load) -   27,870         23.2
              c.  Known municipal STP's -
                  Lake Odessa                     9,260          8.5
              d.  Septic tanks* -                 2,350          2.1
              e.  Known industrial - None
              f.  Direct precipitation** -        4,140          3.7
                           Total                118,980        100. 0
          2.  Outputs -
              Lake outlet -  Little Thornapple
               River                             88,380
          3.  Net annual N accumulation - 30,600 pounds
* Estimate based on 100 lakeshore dwellings; see Working Paper No. 1
** See Working Paper No. 1.

-------
                             13
D.  Mean Annual  Non-point Nutrient Export by Subdrainage  Area:
                                                  2              2
    Tributary                             IDS P/mi  /yr   Ibs  N/mi  /yr
    Tupper Creek                               146         4,098
E.  Yearly Loading Rates:
        In the following table, the existing phosphorus  loading
    rates are compared to those proposed by Vollenweider (in  press).
    Essentially, his "dangerous" rate is the rate at which the
    receiving waters would become eutrophic or remain eutrophic;
    his "permissible" rate is that which would result in  the
    receiving water remaining oligotrophic or becoming oligo-
    trophic if morphometry permitted.  A mesotrophic rate would
    be considered one between "dangerous" and "permissible".
        Note that Vollenweider's model  may not be applicable  to
    water bodies with very short hydraulic retention times.
                               Total Phosphorus       Total Nitrogen
Units
Ibs/acre/yr
grams/m^/yr
Total
10.2
1.14
Accumulated
1.7
0.19
Total
276.4
30.9
Accumulated
70.9
7.9
    Vollenweider loading rates for phosphorus
     (g/m^/yr) based on the mean depth and mean
     hydraulic retention time of Jordan Lake:
        "Dangerous"  (eutrophic rate)       0.58
        "Permissible"  (oligotrophic rate)  0.29

-------
                                 14
V.  LITERATURE REVIEWED

    Cowles, F. E. 1973.  Treatment plant questionnaire  (Lake Odessa).
        MI Dept. Nat. Resources, Lansing.

    Fetterolf, Carlos M., 1964.  A discussion of some biological  aspects
        of Jordan Lake, Lake Odessa, Michigan, 1964.  MS, MI Water Res.
        Comm., Lansing.

    Ketelle, Martha J., and Paul D. Uttormark, 1971.  Problem  lakes  in
        the United States.  EPA Water Poll.  Contr.  Res.  Ser.,  Proj.
        16010 EHR.

    Vollenweider, Richard A. (in press).  Input-output  models.   Schweiz.
        Z. Hydrol.

-------
                                15






VI.  APPENDICES
                            APPENDIX A
                           LAKE RANKINGS

-------
LAKE DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS


LAKE
CODE  LAKE NAME

26AO  HOLLOWAY RESERVOIR

26A1  CARO RESERVOIR

26A2  BOAHDMAN HYDRO POND

2603  ALLEGAN LAKE

2606  BARTON LAKE

2609  BELLEVILLE LAKE

2610  6ETSIE LAKE

2613  BRIGHTON LAKE

2617  LAKE CHARLEVOIX

2618  LAKE CHEMUNG

2621  CONSTANTINE RESERVOIR

2629  FORO LAKE

2631  FREMONT LAKE

2640  JORDAN LAKE

26*3  KENT LAKE

26*8  LAKE MACATAWA

26*9  MANISTEE LAKE

2659  MUSKEGON LAKE

2665  PENTWATER LAKE

2671  RANDALL LAKE

2672  ROGERS POND

2673  ROSS RESERVOIH

267*  SANFORO LAKE

2683  TMORNAPPLE LAKE

2685  UNION LAKE

2688  WHITE LAKE

2691  MONA LAKE

2692  LONG LAKE
MEAN
TOTAL P
0.062
0.117
0.006
0.123
0.121
0.118
0.025
0.109
0.007
0.0**
0.027
0.105
0.372
0.1 BO
0.0*0
0.197
o.oie
0.087
0.027
0.2*6
0.026
0.03*
0.016
0.0*2
0.083
0.027
0.307
0.163
TALL VftLVtJ"
MEAN
OISS P
0.0*3
0.022
0.005
0.057
0.086
0.0*8
0.008
0.073
0.006
0.01*
0.008
0.058 •
0.3*2 '
0.1**
0.015
0.120
0.010
0:0*3
0.017
0.183
0.015
0.021
0.008
0.032
0.06*
0.019
1>.2*1
0.1*8
MEAN
INORG N
l.*61
3.835
0.358
1.168
l.*89
l.*20
0.273
1.015
0.230
0.132
0.910
1.536
l.*06
1.998
0.417
2.358
0.30*
0.*69
0.496
0.818
0.183
0.460
0.307
1.737
1.252
0.367
0.963
0.7*9
500-
MEAN SEC
*39.375
473.000
363.500
*70.222
*56.167
*65.250
461.667
*56.000
351.250
404.333
456.167
456.167
**1.667
*27.667
455.000
477.600
451.333
436.444
430.667
457.333
43S.500
465.333
*58.750
442.833
4SS.SOO
*17.778
*51.667
41B.400
-ALL VALULS-
MEAN
CHLORA
10.678
11.967
1.267
20.311
27.800
28.262
4.567
**.233
3.008
13.4B3
39.317
14.733
28.500
20.517
33.9**
25.600
6.317
9.511
16.083
27.217
8.133
10.383
13.791
14.650
15.667
9.211
27.783
10.067
15-
MIN 00
9.200
9.500
6.600
12.600
14.850
8.200
7.400
7.500
9.2*0
14.800
7.500
14.000
14.800
14.900
13.000
12.200
11.360
14. BOO
14.800
8.020
9.600
8.200
8.300
10.800
8.200
13.400
14.100
13.600

-------
LAKE DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS


LAKE
CODE  LAKE NAME

2693  ST LOUIS RESERVOIR

2694  CRYSTAL LAKE

2695  HIGGINS LAKE

2696  HOUGHTON LAKE

2697  THOMPSON LAKE

2698  PERE MARQUETTE LAKE

2699  STRAWBERRY LAKE

MEAN
TOTAL P
0.134
0.009
0.007
0.018
0.043
0.032
0.069
C A 1 1 WAI MC't
r ALL VALUt;
MEAN
DISS P
0.093
0.006
0.005
0.008
0.029
0.024
O.ObO

MEAN
INORG N
1.227
0.164
0.058
0.136
0.436
0.346
0.567

500-
MEAN SEC
462.667
380.000
268.500
420.833
407.889
448.667
419.800
All U Al 1 ICC«
~ALL VALUt 3
MEAN
CHLOKA
5.583
2.986
1.043
9.217
11.967
11.833
11.117

15-
MIN DO'
8.420
13.000
9.400
8.200
14.800
8.600
13.600

-------
PERCENT OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES (NUMBER OF LAKES KITH HIGHER VALUES)
LAKE
CODE  LAKE NAME
26AO  HOLLONAY RESERVOIR
26Ai  CARO RESERVOIR
26A2  BOAKOMAN HYDRO POND
2603  ALLEGAN LAKE
2606  BAHTON LAKE
2609  BtLLEVILLE LAKE
2610  BETSIE LAKE
2613  BRIGHTON LAKE
2617  LAKE CHARLEV01X
2618  LAKE CHEMUNG
2621  CONSTANTINE RESERVOIR
2629  FORD LAKE
2631  FREMONT LAKE
2640  JORDAN LAKE
26*3  KENT LAKE
2648  LAKE MACATAWA
2649  MANISTEE LAKE
2659  MUSKEGON LAKE
2665  PENTWATER LAKE
2671  RANDALL LAKE
2672  ROGERS POND
2673  ROSS RESERVOIR
2674  SANFORD LAKE
2683  THORNAPPLE LAKE
2685  UNION LAKE
26B8  WHITE LAKE
2691  NONA LAKE
2692  LONG LAKE
— ------ r»LL VOLUtU--
MEAN MEAN
TOTAL P UISS P
46
29
97
20
23
26
77
31
91
49
71
34
0
11
57
9
80
37
69
6
74
60
86
54
40
66
3
14
( 16)
( 19)
I 34)
( 7)
( 8)
( 9)
( 27)
( 11)
( 32)
( 17)
I 25)
( 12)
I 0)
( 4)
( 20)
I 3)
I 28)
( 13)
( 24)
( 2)
( 26)
( 21)
( 30)
I 19)
( 14)
( 23)
( 1)
( 5)
43
S4
97
31
20
37
77
23
91
71
83
29
0
11
69
14
74
40
63
6
66
57
80
46
26
60
3
9
( 15)
( 19)
( 34)
( 11)
( 7)
I 13)
( 27)
( 8)
( 32)
I 25)
( 29)
( 10)
( 0)
( 4)
I 241
( 5)
( 26)
( 14)
( 22)
( 2)
( 23)
( 20)
( 28)
( 16)
( 9)
( 21)
< 1)
I 3)
MEAN
INORG N
17
0
69
31
14
20
80
34
83
94
40
11
23
6
63
3
77
54
51
43
86
57
74
9
26
66
37
46
( 6)
I 0)
( 24)
( 11)
( 5)
( 7)
( 28)
( 12)
( 29)
( 33)
( 14)
< 4)
( 8)
I 2)
I 22)
I 1)
( 27)
( 19)
I 18)
( IS)
( 30)
( 20)
( 26)
( 3)
( 9)
( 23)
( 13)
( 16)
500-
MEAN SEC
57
3
91
6
29
11
17
34
94
86
29
29
54
69
40
0
46
60
66
23
63
9
20
51
37
80
43
77
I 20)
( 1)
< 32)
( 2)
( 9)
( 4)
( 6)
( 12)
( 331
( 30)
( 9)
I 9)
( 19)
( 24)
( 14)
I 0)
I 16)
( 21)
1 23)
( 8)
I 22)
( 3)
( 7)
I 18)
1 13)
( 28)
( 15)
( 27)
MEAN
CHLOKA
60
49
94
29
14
11
86
0
89
46
3
37
9
26
6
23
80
69
31
20
77
63
43
40
34
74
17
66
( 21)
( 17)
( 33)
( 10)
I 5)
( 4)
( 30)
( 0)
( 31)
( 16)
( U
( 13)
( 3)
( 9)
( 2)
( 8)
< 28)
( 24)
( 11)
( 7)
( 27)
( 22)
( 15)
( 14)
< 121
I 26)
( 6)
< 23)
15-
MIN
63 (
54 (
97 (
40 I
3 (
79 (
94 I
90 (
60 (
11 (
90 (
23 1
11 (
0 (
36 (
43 (
46 (
11 (
11 (
86 (
51 (
79 (
71 (
49 (
79 (
31 I
20 1
27 (
00
22)
19)
34)
14)
1)
^26)
33)
31)
21)
2)
31)
B)
2)
0)
12)
15)
16)
2)
21
30)
18)
26)
25)
17)
26)
11)
7)
9)
INDEX
NO
286
189
545
157
103
184
431
212
SOB
357
316
163
97
123
271
92
403
271
291
184
417
325
374
249
242
377
123
239

-------
PERCENT OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES (NUMBER OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES)
LAKE
CODE  LAKE NAME
8693  ST LOUIS RESERVOIR
2694  CRYSTAL LAKE
2695  HIGGINS LAKE
2696  HOUGHTON LAKE
2697  THOMPSON LAKE
2698  PERE MARQUETTE LAKE
2699  STRAWBERRY LAKE
MEAN MEAN
TOTAL P ClISS P
17
89.
94
83
51
63
43
( 6)
(. 3D
( 33)
( 29)
< 18)
t 22)
( 15)
17
89
94
86
49
51
34
( 6)
( 31)
( 33)
( 30)
< 17)
( 18)
( 12)
MEAN
INORG N
29 1
89 1
97 I
91 i
60 (
71
49 i
I 10)
! 31)
[ 34)
( 32)
I 21)
t 25)
I 17)
bOO-
M£AN SEC
14
89
97
71
83
49
74
( 5)
( 31)
( 34)
( 25)
( 29)
( 17)
( 26)
MEAN
CHLORA
83
91
97
71
51
54
57
( 29)
( 32)
( 34)
( 25)
( 18)
( 19)
( 20)
15-
MIN 00
69
36
57
79
11
66
27
( 24)
( 12)
( 20)
( 26)
( 2)
( 23)
( 9)
INDEX
NO
,-. 229
483
536
i 481
305
354
284

-------
     APPENDIX B
TRIBUTARY FLOW DATA

-------
                                    TRIBUTARY FLU* INFORMATION FUR MICHIGAN
                                                                                            3/3/75
LAKE coot 2640
                   JURUAN LAM;
     TOTAL URAI.MAGE ARtiA OF LAI\E(S(J  MI)
                                            25.80
          SUH-OKAINAbt
TRIBUfAKf  AREA(SO MI)
                           JAN
                                   Ft 4
2&40A1
2t>40Bl
26402Z
             25.dU
             18.30
              7.SO
15.bo   20.70
11.10   14.70
 4.5b    b.02
  MAR

36.30
26.80
lU.bC
  APR

27.vO
ly.80
 a.11
  MAY

21.20
15.00
 b.17
                                                                 NURMALI/ItU FLOWS(CFS)
                                                                   JUN     JUL      AUG
                                                                                            SEP
                                                                                                    ocr
14.10
 9.99
 4.10
9.33
6.62
2.71
b.Si
6.07
B.69   14.00
6.16    4.92
2.53    4.07
  NOV

16.40
11.70
 4. /8
                                                                                                                    DEC
                                                                                                                            MEAN
17.90   17.54
12.70   12.45
 5.20    5.11
                         TOTAL DRAINAGE  AREA  OF LAK,t =
                         SUM OF  bU6-i.>RAI,MAGt  ARtAS   =
                                                           25.80
                                                           25.80
     MEAN MONTHLY FLO*5  ANul  L>AIl_Y  FLO

TRIBUTARY   MONTH    YtAH     MEAN FLOW

2640A1
2fc40bl
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
b
6
7
rt
9
10
11
12
1
?
3
t
5
6
7
8
y
10
11
1?
1
2
3
4
5
ti
7
ri
72
72
72
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
72
72
72
7j
73
/3
73
7J
73
73
73
73
72
72
72
73
73
73
7J
73
73
rj
73
                                        DAY
                                                    FLOW  DAY
                                                                    SOMMAKY
30.00
37.00
60.00
t4.00
27.00
b3.00
50.00
b3.00
43.00
26.00
16.00
20.00
21.00
26. Ou
43.00
31.00
19.00
45.00
35.00
37.00
30.00
18.00
12.00
14.00
11.00
18.00
13.00
7.80
IB.'iO
14.00
15.00
12.1/0
7.5!)
5.10
5.70
28
2e

8
4

6
4
8
1»
31
24
28
28

8
4

b
4
8
4
31
24











26.00
34.00

24.00
37.00 28

37.00 2u
37.00 24
30.00
32.00 27
14.00
15.00
20.00
24. OC

17.00
26.00 28

2b.OO 20
2b.OO 24
22.00
22.00 27
9.60
11.00















22.00

30.00
78.00

19.00






16.00

21.00
55.00

14.00













                                                       TOTAL FLOW IN
                                                       TOTAL FLO* OUT
                                                           210.89
                                                           210.67
                                                                      FLOW  DAY
                                                                                         FLOW

-------
        APPENDIX C
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL DATA

-------
STOKET KtFWIEVAL OAT£
                                                                  26<*u01
                                                                 42 46  00.0  085  08
                                                                 JOROAN LAKE
                                                                 26      MICHIGAN
DATE
" FROM
TO
72/06/15


72/09/18





72/11/15





00010
TIME DEPTH WATER
OF TEMP
DAY FEET
06
06
06
15
15
15
15
15
15
09
09
09
09
U9
09
00
00
00
20
20
?0
20
20
20
10
10
10
10
10
10
0000
0020
0037
0000
0004
0015
0023
0030
0038
0000
0004
0015
0022
0032
0044
CENT
20.
11.
8.

19.
19.
15.
10.
8.

6.
6.
b.
6.
6.

2
5
5

9
0
2
3
6

3
4
it
4
j
00300
DO
MG/L
8
?
0

8
6
0
0
0

9
9
9
9
8

.4
.5
.1

.4
.1
.0
.0
.0

.0
.0
.0
.0
.6
                                          00077     00094
                                         FKANSP
                                         bECCHl   FIELU
                                         INCHES
                                              66
375
46U
431
340
340
345
                                                       480
                                                       500
                                                       440
                                                       425
                                                       420
                                                       420
                                                       44U
11EPALES
3
00400
PH

SU
8.75
7.35
7.33
9.00
tt.9G
8. 75
7.75
7.65
7.55
7.7U
7.70
7.70
7.70
7.70
7.70

00410
T ALK
CAC03
MG/L
134
166
177
118
119
111
148
180
202
161
162
160
161
161
162
2111202 :
0037
00630
N02kN03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
1.000
0.820
1.500
0.070
0.07o
0.050
0.080
0.080
0.030
0.540
O.S40
0.540
0.530
0.540
0.530
FEET DEPTH
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.100
0.510
0.640
0.180
0.200
0.260
2.020
3.090
4.960
1.430
1.320
1.420
1.360
1.340
1.270
00665
PHOS-TOT

MG/L P
0.039
0.039
0.342
0.021
0.021
0.023
0.122
0.373
0.600
0.184
0.197
0.190
0.188
0.190
0.187
00666
PriOS-DIS

MG/L P
0.023
0.029
0.324
0.010
0.011
0.010
0.096
0.326
'0.600
JO.lSl
. 0.152
0.150
0.149
0.147
0.149
                      32217
  DATE   TIME DEPTH CHLKPHYL
  FROM    OF           A
   TO    DAY  FEET    OG/L

72/06/15 06 00 0000     21.nJ
72/09/1H 15 20 0000     14.7J
72/11/15 09 10 0000     30.OJ
                  VALUE KNOWN  TO  8F.  IN  ERROR

-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/02/04
                                                                  264002
                                                                 42 46 24.0 085 08 00.0
                                                                 JORDAN LAKE
                                                                 26      MICHIGAN
  DATE   TIME DEPTH
  FROM    OF
   TO    DAY  FEET

72/06/15 Ob 30 OOUO
         06 30 0015
         06 30 0032
72/09/18 16 00 0000
         16 00 0004
         16 00 0015
         16 00 0023
         16 00 0030
         16 00 0038
72/11/15 08 40 0000
         08 40 0004
         08 40 OOlb
         08 40 0022
         08 40 0035
00010
WATER
TtMP
CENT
20.6
17.0
9.5
19.8
19.0
12.6
9.8
8.6
6.3
6.4
6.4
6.3
00300
DO

MG/L
9.6
4.5
0.2
7.8
6.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
9.4
9.0
8.8
8.8
 00077     00094
TRANSP   CNOUCTVY
SECCHi   FIELD
INCHES   MICROMHO
     60
     68
     96
350
440
450
340
322
340
470
500
440
420
420
430
435
ilEPALfcS
3
00400
PH

SU
8.91
7.75
7.40
9. 00
9.00
8.75
7.60
7.58
7.45
7.70
7.70
7.70
7.70
7.70

00410
T ALK
CAC03
MG/L
130
165
\?S
107
108
110
162
183
210
164
166
165
164
170
2111202
0032
00630
N02fcN03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
0.910
1.800
1.000
0.060
0.050
0.060
0.130
0.140
0.100
0.600
0.680
0.680
0.690
0.790
FEtT DEPTH
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.080
0.560
1.600
0.140
0.150
0.280
2.690
4.030
5.980
. 1.210
1.340
1.310
1.660
1.660
00665
PH05-TOT

MG/L P
0.044
0.049
0.311
0.016
0.016
0.015
0.162
O.b04
0.730
0.176
0.164
0.167
0.171
0.166
'00666
PMOS-OIS

MG/L P
0.034
0.042
0.296
0.008
o.ooa
0.008
0.156
0.440
0.685
•' 0.145
"' 0.136
I; 0.138
0.136
- 0.134
                      32217
  DATE   TIME DEPTH CHLKPHYL
  FROM    OF           A
   TO    DAY  FEtT    UG/L

72/06/15 06 30 0000     16.3J
72/JV/18 16 00 0000      9.3J
72/11/15 06 40 0000     31.OJ
                J  VALUE KNOWN TO BE  IN ERROR

-------
  APPENDIX D
TRIBUTARY DATA

-------
STOHET RETRIEVAL DATE  75/02/04
 2640A1          LS2640A1
<+2 <*5 30.0 0^5 09  00.0
LIT1LE THOKiNlAPPLL  RIVEP,
26      15 IONIA
0/JOh!OAN LAKE
HrtOwN KD bKL)G S JOKUAN LAKE
ilt^ALES              2111204
4                    0000 FEtT
DATE .
FROM
TO
72/10/28
72/11/28
73/01/06
73/02/0*
73/02/28
73/04/06
73/04/20
73/05/0*
73/05/24
73/36/08
73/07/0*
73/07/27
73/08/31
73/09/24
OU630 J0625
TIME DEPTH N02«>.N03 TOT KJEL
OF N-TOTAL N
DAf FEET
08
15
15

07
11
15
11
15
11
20
1*
12
13
50
30
50

30
35
15
55
30
27
28
40
?1
23
MG/L
a
0
2
1
?
2
2
1
1
1
0
a
0
o
,2^v
.660
.200
.900
.080
.200
.040
.840
.26u
.160
.450
.220
. 1H9
.29-+
MG/L
2.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
0.
1.
1.
1.
0.
0.
100
760
400
260
100
100
2bO
OJO
9<+0
18u
bOO
320
7-<0
/50
00610 00671 00665
IMH3-N PhOS-OIS PHOis-TGf
TOTAL UPFHO
MG/L
0.
0.
u .
0 .
(J.
(, .
a.
o .
0.
u .
ii .
0.
0.
J .
625
b6U
390
270
160
060
027
075
032
105
C31
lid
06b
100
MG/L P
0
0
j
0
u
0
0
u
0
d
0
0
0

,138
.120
.095
.066
.034
.036
.028
.040
.011
.016
.019
.Ol/
.009

MG/L P
0. 190
0.1/1
0.132
0.115
0.106
O.UdO
0.100
0.070
0.066
U.OSO
0.0/0
0.065
0.0/0

                                                                                                  DEPTH

-------
STORE! RETRIEVAL OATt 75/02/04
                                                                                  LS2640t)l
                                                                 42 46 30.0 085 07 30.0
                                                                 TUPPtK LAKE/JOHDAN LAKt CONNECT
                                                                 26      15 IONIA
                                                                 1/JUKOAN LAKE
                                                                 KU BROG ACKUS TUPPER CKK NEOF JORDAN LK
                                                                 11EPALES             2111204
                                                                 4                   0000 FEET  DEPTH
DATE
FROM
TO
72/10/28
73/01/08
73/02/04
73/02/28
73/04/06
73/04/20
73/05/04
73/05/24
73/06/08
73/07/04
73/07/27
73/08/31
73/09/24
00630 00625
TIME DEPTH N02&N03 TOT KJEL
OF N-TOTAL N
DAY FEET
08
10
16
07
11
15
11
15
11
20
20
12

30
00
45
20
30
30
45
40
17
40
00
11

MG/L
0
3
3
2
?
2
2
1
1
1
C
0
0
.500
.500
.300
.900
.200
.200
.120
.400
.900
.340
.660
.200
.198
MG/L
3.
1.
0.
3.
0.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
0.
0.
350
too
575
300
960
320
100
050
400
260
000
960
620
00610 00671 006b5
IMH3-N PhlOS-UlS PhOb-IOT
TOTAL URTriO
MG/L
\j
0
u
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.490
.160
.082
.600
.060
.023
.039
.092
.110
.072
.062
.110
.091
MG/L
0.
6 .
0.
0.
0.
0.
u .
0.
0.
wl .
0.
0.
0.
p
105
095
050
200
030
015
014
036
072
042
069
060
030
MG/L P
0.147
0.140
u.085
0.340
0.060
O.OB5
0.050
u.075
0.095
0.09j
0.115
U.12S
0.050

-------