U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
WORKING PAPER SERIES
REPORT
ON
PERE MARQUETTE LAKE
MASON COUNTY
MICHIGAN
EPA REGION V
WORKING PAPER No, 205
PACIFIC NORTHWEST ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY
An Associate Laboratory of the
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - CORVALLIS, OREGON
and
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - LAS VEGAS, NEVADA
V? GPO 697-O32
-------
REPORT
ON
PERE MARQUETTE LAKE
MASON COUNTY
MICHIGAN
EPA REGION V
WORKING PAPER No, 205
WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE
MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES
AND THE
MICHIGAN NATIONAL GUARD
FEBRUARY, 1975
-------
CONTENTS
Page
Foreword i i
List of Michigan Study Lakes iv
Lake and Drainage Area Map v, vi
Sections
I. Conclusions 1
II. Lake and Drainage Basin Characteristics 4
III. Lake Water Quality Summary 5
IV. Nutrient Loadings 10
V. Literature Reviewed 15
VI. Appendices 16
-------
11
FOREWORD
The National Eutrophication Survey was initiated in 1972 in
response to an Administration commitment to investigate the nation-
wide threat of accelerated eutrophication to fresh water lakes and
reservoirs.
OBJECTIVES
The Survey was designed to develop, in conjunction with state
environmental agencies, information on nutrient sources, concentrations,
and impact on selected freshwater lakes as a basis for formulating
comprehensive and coordinated national, regional, and state management
practices relating to point-source discharge reduction and non-point
source pollution abatement in lake watersheds.
ANALYTIC APPROACH
The mathematical and statistical procedures selected for the
Survey's eutrophication analysis are based on related concepts that:
a. A generalized representation or model relating
sources, concentrations, and impacts can be constructed.
b. By applying measurements of relevant parameters
associated with lake degradation, the generalized model
can be transformed into an operational representation of
a lake, its drainage basin, and related nutrients.
c. With such a transformation, an assessment of the
potential for eutrophication control can be made.
LAKE ANALYSIS
In this report, the first stage of evaluation of lake and water-
shed data collected from the study lake and its drainage basin is
documented. The report is formatted to provide state environmental
agencies with specific information for basin planning [§303(e)], water
quality criteria/standards review [§303(c)], clean lakes [§314(a,b)],
and water quality monitoring [§106 and §305(b)] activities mandated
by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.
-------
Beyond the single lake analysis, broader based correlations
between nutrient concentrations (and loading) and trophic condi-
tion are being made to advance the rationale and data base for
refinement of nutrient water quality criteria for the Nation's
fresh water lakes. Likewise, multivariate evaluations for the
relationships between land use, nutrient export, and trophic
condition, by lake class or use, are being developed to assist
in the formulation of planning guidelines and policies by EPA
and to augment plans implementation by the states.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The staff of the National Eutrophication Survey (Office of
Research & Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency)
expresses sincere appreciation to the Michigan Department of
Natural Resources for professional involvement and to the
Michigan National Guard for conducting the tributary sampling
phase of the Survey.
A. Gene Gazlay, former Director, and David H. Jenkins, Acting
Director, Michigan Department of Natural Resources; and Carlos
Fetterolf, Chief Environmental Scientist, and Dennis Tierney,
Aquatic Biologist, Bureau of Water Management, Department of Natural
Resources, provided invaluable lake documentation and counsel during
the course of the Survey. John Vogt, Chief of the Bureau of Environ-
mental Health, Michigan Department of Public Health, and his staff
were most helpful in identfying point sources and soliciting municipal
participation in the Survey.
Major General Clarence A. Schnipke (Retired), then the Adjutant
General of Michigan, and Project Officer Colonel Albert W. Lesky,
who directed the volunteer efforts of the Michigan National Guardsmen,
are also gratefully acknowledged for their assistance to the Survey.
-------
IV
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY
STUDY LAKES
STATE OF MICHIGAN
LAKE NAME
Allegan Res.
Barton
Belleville
Betsie
Brighton
Caro Res.
Charlevoix
Chemung
Constant!ne Res,
Crystal
Deer
Ford
Fremont
Higgins
Holloway Res.
Houghton
Jordon
Kent
Long
Macatawa
Manistee
Mona
Muskegon
Pentwater
Pere Marquette
Portage
Randall
Rogers Pond
Ross
St. Louis Res.
Sanford
Strawberry
Thompson
Thornapple
Union
White
COUNTY
Allegan
Kalamazoo
Wayne
Benzie
Livingston
Tuscola
Charlevoix
Livingston
St. Joseph
Montcalm
Marquette
Washtenaw
Newago
Roscommon
Genesee, Lapeer
Roscommon
Ionia, Barry
Oakland
St. Joseph
Ottawa
Manistee
Muskegon
Muskegon
Oceana
Mason
Houghton
Branch
Mecosta
Gladwin
Gratiot
Midland
Livingston
Livingston
Barry
Branch
Muskegon
-------
MAROUETTE LAKE
Tributary Sampling Site
X Lake Sampling Site
Sewage Treatment Facility
o 1/2 1 Mi.
Map Location
LAKE
MICHIGAN
-------
PERE MARQUE! LAKE
Tributary Sampling Site
X Lake Sampling Site
Sewage Treatment Facility
C f~ Direct Drainage Area Limits
Indirect Drainage Area
-------
PERE MARQUETTE LAKE
STORE! NO. 2698
CONCLUSIONS
A. Trophic Condition:
Survey data show that Pere Marquette Lake is eutrophic. Of
the 35 Michigan lakes sampled in November when essentially all
were well-mixed, 12 had less mean total phosphorus, 16 had less
mean dissolved phosphorus, and nine had less mean inorganic
nitrogen; of all 41 lakes sampled, 21 had greater mean Secchi
disc transparency, and 19 had less mean chlorophyll a*.
Depression of dissolved oxygen at about 20 feet in depth
occurred at station 1 in June and September and at station 2
in September.
B. Rate-Limi ting Nutrient:
Algal assay results show that Pere Marquette Lake was
phosphorus limited at the time the sample was collected
(09/18/72).
The lake data indicate phosphorus limitation in November
as well but marginal nitrogen limitation in June.
C. Nutrient Controllability:
1. Point sources—During the sampling year, Pere Marquette
Lake received a total phosphorus load at a rate about five times
the rate proposed by Vollenweider (in press) as "dangerous";
See Appendix A.
-------
i.e., a eutrophic rate (see page 14). However, if the mean
depth of Pere Marquette Lake is 14 feet, the mean hydraulic
retention time of the lake would be less than six days, so
it is probable that Vollenweider's model is not applicable.
It is calculated that the communities of Ludington,
Scottville, and Custer contributed 36% of the total phosphorus
load to the lake during the sampling year. Removal of 85% of
the phosphorus at these three point sources would reduce the
2 2
loading rate from the existing 15.6 g/m /yr to 10.9 g/m /yr.
This reduction should result in persistent phosphorus limita-
tion in the lake (see page 9) and reduce the incidence and
severity of nuisance algal blooms, as well as provide additional
protection for Lake Michigan.
2. Non-point sources—The mean non-point phosphorus export
p
of 64 pounds per mi for the Pere Marquette River during the
sampling year appears to have been somewhat high as compared to
the exports of the nearby Manistee River (51 Ibs) and Little
Manistee River (28 Ibs)*. This, together with the export N/P
ratio of 23/1 (see page 13), suggests an underestimation of
the phosphorus loads from Scottville and Custer or cultural
practices in the drainage that result in higher than usual
phosphorus inputs to the system.
* Working Paper No. 201.
-------
It is noted that the calculated phosphorus contribution
of the river by itself would result in a load of over 88
2
Ibs/acre/yr or more than 9 g/m /yr. It appears that the
high drainage area to lake area ratio of 883 to 1 will en-
sure a relatively high phosphorus loading to Pere Marquette
Lake which points to the need to minimize all phosphorus
inputs to the lake to the greatest practicable degree.
-------
II. LAKE AND DRAINAGE BASIN CHARACTERISTICS
+ '
A. Lake Morphometry :
1. Surface area: 554 acres.
2. Mean depth: unknown.
3. Maximum depth: 38+ feet.
4. Volume: unknown.
B. Tributary and Outlet:
(See Appendix B for flow data)
1. Tributaries -
Name Drainage area* Mean flow*
2
Pere Marquette River 768.0 mi 671.1 cfs
Minor tributaries & 2
immediate drainage - 6.1 mi 6.1 cfs
Totals 774.1 mi2 677.2 cfs
2. Outlet -
2
Pere Marquette River ' 775.0 mi ** 677.2 cfs
C. Precipitation***:
1. Year of sampling: 28.6 inches.
2. Mean annual: 29.9 inches.
t Fetterolf, 1973.
* Drainage areas are accurate within ±5%; mean daily flows for 74% of the
sampling sites are accurate within ±25% and the remaining sites up to
±40%; and mean monthly flows, normalized mean monthly flows, and mean
annual flows are slightly more accurate than mean daily flows.
** Includes area of lake.
***See Working Paper No. 1, "Survey Methods, 1972".
-------
III. LAKE WATER QUALITY SUMMARY
Pere Marquette Lake was sampled three times during the open-water
season of 1972 by means of a pontoon-equipped Huey helicopter. Each
time, samples for physical and chemical parameters were collected from
two stations on the lake and from a number of depths at each station
(see map, page v). During each visit, a single depth-integrated (15
feet to surface) sample was composited from the stations for phyto-
plankton identification and enumeration; and during the second visit,
a single five-gallon depth-integrated sample was collected for algal
assays. Also each time, a depth-integrated sample was collected from
each of the stations for chlorophyll a_ analysis. The maximum depths
sampled were 38 feet at station 1 and 22 feet at station 2.
The results obtained are presented in full in Appendix C and the
data for the fall sampling period, when the lake essentially was well-
mixed, are summarized below. Note, however, the Secchi disc summary
is based on all values.
For differences in the various parameters at the other sampling
times, refer to Appendix C.
-------
A. Physical and chemical characteristics:
Parameter
Temperature (Cent.)
Dissolved oxygen (mg/1)
Conductivity (ymhos)
pH (units)
Alkalinity (mg/1)
Total P (mg/1)
Dissolved P (mg/1)
N02 + NO (mg/1)
Ammonia fmg/1)
Seechi disc (inches)
Minimum
6.3
8.2
400
8.0
125
0.027
0.019
0.170
0.120
36
FALL VALUES
(11/13/72)
Mean
6.8
8.7
420
8.0
133
0.032
0.024
0.172
0.174
ALL VALUES
51
Medi an
7.0
8.8
425
8.0
132
0.034
0.026
0.170
0.200
49
Maximum
7.0
9.4
430
8.1
142
0.037
0.027
0.180
0.230
72
-------
B. Biological characteristics:
1. Phytoplankton -
Sampling
Date
06/17/72
09/18/72
11/13/72
Dominant
Genera
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Oocys ti s
Cyclotella
Achnanthes
Cocconeis
Melosira
Other genera
Total
Melosira
Cyclotella
Flagellates
Rhaphidiopsis
Lyngbya
Other genera
Total
Chroococcus
Flagellates
Anabaena
Achnanthes
Frag il aria
Other genera
Number
per ml
2,224
1,302
344
108
90
200
4,268
2,107
1,039
964
301
286
286
1,281
Total
4,157
-------
8
2. Chlorophyll a -
(Because of instrumentation problems during the 1972 sampling,
the following values may be in error by plus or minus 20 percent.)
Sampling Station Chlorophyll a^
Date Number (yg/1)
06/17/72 01 20.3
02 20.4
09/18/72 01 12.1
02 16.5
11/13/72 01 0.7
02 1.0
C. Limiting Nutrient Study:
1. Autoclaved, filtered, and nutrient spiked -
Spike (mg/1)
Control
0.010 P
0.020 P
0.050 P
0.050 P + 5.0
0.050 P + 10.0 N
10.0 N
2. Discussion -
The control yield of the assay alga, Selenastrum capri-
cornutum, indicates that the potential primary productivity
of Pere Marquette Lake was moderately high at the time the
assay sample was collected (09/18/72).
The N/P ratio of the control sample, and the lack of
response to the nitrogen only spike, show that the lake
was phosphorus limited at the time of sampling. However,
Ortho P
Cone., (mg/1 )
0.012
0.022
0.032
0.062
0.062
1 0.062
0.012
Inorganic N
Cone, (mg/1)
0.180
0.180
0.180
0.180
5.180
10.180
10.180
Maximum yield
(mg/1 -dry wt. )
4.3
5.4
5.8
5.8
27.8
27.6
4.4
N/P
Ratio
15/1
8/1
-------
the first phosphorus spike of only 0.010 mg/1 nearly doubled
the orthophosphorus concentration in the sample; nitrogen
then became limiting, so there was only a slight yield
response to phosphorus (equivalent to the addition of about
0.003 mg/1 at which level nitrogen became limiting, and the
additional 0.007 mg/1 of ortho-P did not increase the yield).
The lake data indicate phosphorus limitation in Nov-
ember as well (N/P ratio = 14/1) but marginal nitrogen limi-
tation in June (N/P = 12/1).
-------
10
IV. NUTRIENT LOADINGS
(See Appendix D for data)
For the determination of nutrient loadings, the Michigan National
Guard collected monthly near-surface grab samples from each of the tribu-
tary sites indicated on the map (page vi), except for high runoff months
when two samples were collected. Sampling was begun in October, 1972,
and was completed in September, 1973.
Through an interagency agreement, stream flow estimates for the year
of sampling and a "normalized" or average year were provided by the Michi-
gan District Office of the U.S. Geological Survey for the tributary sites
nearest the lake.
In this report, nutrient loads for sampled tributaries were deter-
mined by using a modification of a U.S. Geological Survey computer
program for calculating stream loadings*. Nutrient loadings for "minor
tributaries and immediate drainage" ("ZZ" of U.S.G.S.) were estimated by
using the means of the nutrient concentrations in the Big South Branch,
Pere Marquette River at station B-l and the mean ZZ flow.
The operator of the Ludington wastewater treatment plant provided
monthly effluent samples and corresponding flow data. However, the
communities of Custer and Scottville did not participate in the Survey,
and nutrient loads were estimated at 2.5 Ibs P and 7.5 Ibs N/capita/year
and were assumed to have reached the lake during the sampling year.
* See Working Paper No. 1.
-------
11
In the following loading tables, the loads attributed to the Pere
Marquette River are those measured at A-2 and A-3 minus the point source
loads.
A. Waste Sources:
1. Known municipal -
Name
Ludington
Scottville
Custer
Pop.
Served*
9,021
1,202
320
Treatment
primary
stab, ponds
stab, ponds
Mean
Flow (mgd)
2.405
0.114**
0.036**
Receiving
Water
Pere Marquette
Pere Marquette
Black Creek
Lake
River
2. Known industrial - None
t Wetzel, 1973.
* 1970 Census.
** Estimated at 100 gal/capita/day.
-------
12
B. Annual Total Phosphorus Loading - Average Year:
1. Inputs -
Ibs P/ % of
Source yr total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Pere Marquette River 49,000 63.3
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) - 410 0.5
c. Known municipal STP's -
Ludington 24,050 31.1
Scottville 3,000 3.9
Custer 800 1.1
d. Septic tanks - Unknown
e. Known industrial - None
f. Direct precipitation* - 90_ 0.1
Total 77,350 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - Pere Marquette
River 71,140
3. Net annual P accumulation - 6,210 pounds
*" See Working Paper No. 1.
-------
13
C. Annual Total Nitrogen Loading - Average Year:
1. Inputs -
IDS N/ % of
Source y_r total
a. Tributaries (non-point load) -
Pere Marquette River 1,137,500 89.8
b. Minor tributaries & immediate
drainage (non-point load) - 12,310 1.0
c. Known municipal STP's -
Ludington 99,940 7.9
Scottville 9,020 0.7
Custer 2,400 0.2
d. Septic tanks - Unknown
e. Known industrial - None
f. Direct precipitation* - 5,340 0.4
Total 1,266,510 100.0
2. Outputs -
Lake outlet - Pere Marquette
River 1,564,120
3. Net annual N loss - 297,610 pounds
D. Mean Annual Non-point Nutrient Export by Subdrainage Area:
Tributary Ibs P/mi2/yr Ibs N/mi2/yr N/P Ratio
Pere Marquette River 64 1,481 23/1
* See Working Paper No. 1.
-------
14
E. Yearly Loading Rates:
In the following table, the existing phosphorus loading
rates are compared to those proposed by Vollenweider (in press).
Essentially, his "dangerous" rate is the rate at which the
receiving water would become eutrophic or remain eutrophic;
his "permissible" rate is that which would result in the
receiving water remaining oligotrophic or becoming oligotrophic
if morphometry permitted. A mesotrophic rate would be consid-
ered one between "dangerous" and "permissible".
Note that Vollenweider's model may not be applicable to
water bodies with very short hydraulic retention times.
Total Phosphorus Total Nitrogen
Units Total Accumulated Total Accumulated
Ibs/acre/yr 139.6 11.2 2,286.1 loss*
grams/m2/yr 15.65 1.26 256.2
Vollenweider loading rates for phosphorus
(g/m2/yr) based on surface area and mean
outflow of Pere Marquette Lake:
"Dangerous" (eutrophic rate) 3.10
"Permissible" (oligotrophic rate) 1.55
* The apparent loss of nitrogen during the sampling year may have been due
to nitrogen fixation in the lake, solubilization of previously sedimented
nitrogen, recharge with nitrogen-rich ground water, underestimation of
loads from known point sources, or unknown point sources discharging dir-
ectly to the lake. Whatever the cause, a similar loss has been observed
at Shagawa Lake, Minnesota, which has been intensively studied by EPA's
National Eutrophication and Lake Restoration Branch.
-------
15
V. LITERATURE REVIEWED
Fetterolf, Carlos, 1973. Personal communication (lake morphometry).
MI Dept. of Nat. Resources, Lansing.
Wetzel, Michael, 1973. Treatment plant questionnaires (Ludington,
Custer, and Scottville waste treatment facilities). MI Dept.
of Publ. Health, Lansing.
Vollenweider, Richard A. (in press). Input-output models. Schweiz,
Z. Hydrol.
-------
VI. APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
LAKE RANKINGS
-------
LAKE DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
26AO HOLLOWAY RESERVOIR
26Ai CARO RESERVOIR
26A2 BOAROMAN HYDRO POND
2603 ALLECAN LAKE
2606 BARTON LAKE
2609 BELLEVILLE LAKE
2610 BETSIE LAKE
2613 BRIGHTON LAKE
2617 LAKE CHARLEVOIX
2618 LAKE CHEMUNG
2621 CONSTANTINE RESERVOIR
2629 FORD LAKE
2631 FREMONT LAKE
2640 JORDAN LAKE
26*3 KENT LAKE
2648 LAKE MACATAWA
2649 MANISTEE LAKE
2659 MUSKEGON LAKE
2665 PENTWATER LAKE
2671 RANDALL LAKE
2672 ROGERS POND
2673 ROSS RESERVOIR
2674 SANFORO LAKE
26B3 THORNAPPLE LAKE
2685 UNION LAKE
2688 WHITE LAKE
2691 MONA LAKE
2692 LONG LAKE
MEAN
TOTAL P
0.062
0.117
0.006
0.123
0.121
0.118
0.025
0.109
0.007
0.044 '
0.027
0.105
0.372
0.180
0.040
0.197
0.018
0.087
0.027
0.246
0.026
0.034
0.016
0.042
0.083
0.027
0.307
0.163
TALL VALUta-
HEAN
DISS P
0.043
0.022
0.005
0.057
0.086
0.048
0.008
0.073
0.006
0.014
0.008
0.058
0.342 '
0.144
0.015
0.120 .
0.010
0.043
0.017
0.183
0.015
0.021
0.008
0.032
0.064
0.019
0.241
0.148
MEAN
INORG N
1.461
3.835
0.358
1.168
1.489
1.420
0.273
1.015
0.230
0.132
0.910
1.536
1.406
1.998
0.417
2.358
0.304
0.469
0.496
0.818
0.183
0.460
0.307
1.737
1.252
0.367
0.963
0.749
500-
MEAN SEC
439.375
473.000
363.500
470.222
456.167
465.250
461.667
456.000
351.250
404.333
456.167
456.167
441.667
427.667
455.000
477.600
451.333
436.444
430.667
.457.333
435.500
465.333
458.750
442.833
455.500
417.778
451.667
418.400
MEAN
CHLORA
10.678
11.967
1.267
20.311
27.800
28.262
4.567
44.233
3.008
13.483
39.317
14.733
28.500
20.517
33.944
25.600
6.317
9.511
16.083
27.217
8.133
10.383
13.791
14.650
15.667
9.211
27.783
10.067
15-
MIN DO
9.200
9.500
6.600
12.600
14.850
ft. 200'
7.400
7.500
9.240
14.800
7.500
14.000
14.800
14.900
13.000
12.200
11.380
14.800
14.800
8.020
9.600
8.200
8.300
10.800
8.200
13.400
14.100
13.600
-------
LAKE DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
2693 ST LOUIS RESERVOIR
2694 CRYSTAL LAKE
2695 HIGGINS LAKE
2696 HOUGHTON LAKE
2697 THOMPSON LAKE
2698 PERE MARQUETTE LAKE
2699 STRAWBERRY LAKE
MEAN
TOTAL P
0.134
0.009
0.007
0.018
0.043
O.OJ2
0.069
TALL V«LUt3-
MEAN
DISS P
0.093
0.006
0.005
0.008
0.029
0.024
0.050
MEAN
INORG N
1.227
0.164
0.058
0.136
0.436
0.346
0.567
500-
MEAN SEC
462.667
380.000
268.500
420.833
407.889
448.667
419.800
MEAN
CHLORA
5.583
2.986
1.043
9.217
11.967
11.833
11.117
15-
MIN 00
8.420
13.000
9.400
8.200
14.800
8.600
13.600
-------
PERCENT OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES (NUMBER OF LAKES KITH HIGHER VALUES)
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
26AO HOLLOWAY RESERVOIR
26Ai CARO RESERVOIR
26A2 BOARDMAN! HYDRO POND
2603 ALLEGAN LAKE
2606 BARTON LAKE
2609 BtLLEVILLE LAKE
2610 BETSIE LAKE
2613 BRIGHTON LAKE
2617 LAKE CHAHLEVOIX
2618 LAKE CHEMUNG
2621 CONSTANTINE RESERVOIR
2629 FORD LAKE
2b31 FREMONT LAKE
26*0 JORDAN LAKE
2643 KENT LAKE
26*8 LAKE MACATAWA
26*9 MANISTEE LAKE
2659 MUSKEGON LAKE
2665 PENTWATER LAKE
2671 RANDALL LAKE
2672 ROGERS POND
2673 ROSS RESERVOIR
2674 SANFORD LAKE
2683 THORNAPPLE LAKE
2685 UNION LAKE
26B8 HH1TE LAKE
2691 MONA LAKE
2592 LONG LAKE
MEAN MEAN
TOTAL P UISS P
46
29
97
20
23
26
77
31
91
49
71
34
0
11
57
9
80
37
69
6
74
60
86
54
40
66
3
14
I 16)
( 10)
( 34)
( 7)
( 8)
( 9)
( 27)
( 11)
( 32)
( 17)
( 25)
( 12)
( 0)
( 4)
( 20)
( 3)
( 28)
( 13)
< 24)
( 2)
( 26)
( 21)
( 30)
( 19)
( 14)
( 23)
I 1)
< 5)
43
54
97
31
20
37
77
23
91
71
83
29
0
11
69
14
74
40
63
6
66
57
80
46
26
60
3
9
( 15)
( 19)
( 34)
( 11)
( 7)
( 13)
( 27)
< 8)
( 32)
( 25)
( 29)
( 10)
( 0)
( 4)
( 24)
< 5)
( 26)
< 14)
< 22)
( 2)
( 23)
( 20)
( 28)
( 16)
( 9)
( 21)
( 1)
( 3)
MEAN
INORG N
17
0
69
31
14
20
80
34
83
94
40
11
23
6
63
3
77
54
51
43
86
57
74
9
26
66
37
46
( 6)
( 0)
( 24)
( 11)
1 5)
( 7)
( 28)
( 12)
( 29)
( 33)
( 14)
( 4)
( 8)
( 2)
( 22)
( 1)
( 27)
( 19)
( 18)
( 15)
( 30)
( 20)
( 26).
( 3)
( 9)
( 23)
( 13)
( 16)
500-
MEAN SEC
57
3
91
6
29
11
17
34
94
86
29
29
54
69
40
0
46
60
66
23
63
9
20
51
37
80
43
77
( 20)
( 1)
( 32)
( 2)
( 9)
( 4)
( 6)
( 12)
( 33)
( 30)
( 9)
( 9)
( 19)
( 24)
( 14)
( '0>
( 16)
( 21)
( 23)
( 8)
( 22)
( 3)
( 7)
< 18)
( 13)
( 28)
( 15)
( 27)
MEAN
CHLORA
60
49
94
29
14
11
86
0
89
46
3
37
9
26
6
23
80
59
31
20
77
63
43
tO
34
74
17
66
( 21)
( 17)
( 33)
( 10)
< 5)
( 4)
( 30)
( 0)
( 31)
( 16)
< D
( 13)
( 3)
( 9)
( 2)
( 8)
< 28)
( 24)
( 11)
( 7)
( 27)
( 22)
( 15)
( 14)
( 12)
( 26)
( 6)
( 23)
15-
MIN DO
63
54
97
40
3
79
94
90
60
11
90
23
11
0
36
43
46
11
11
86
51
79
71
49
79
31
20
27
( 22)
( 19)
( 34)
( 14)
( 1)
(' 26)
( 33)
f 31)
< 21)
( 2)
< 31)
( 8)
( 2)
( 0)
( 12)
( 15)
( 16)
( 2)
( 2)
< 30)
< 18)
< 26)
( 25)
( 17)
( 26)
( 11)
( 7)
( 9)
INDEX
NO
286
189
545 '
157
103
184
431
212
508
357
316
163
97
123
271
92
403
271
291
184
417
325
374
249
242
377
123
239
-------
PERCENT OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES (NUMBER OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES)
LAKE
CODE LAKE NAME
2693 ST LOUIS RESERVOIR
2694 CRYSTAL LAKE
2695 HIGGINS LAKE
2696 HOUGHTON LAKE
2697 THOMPSON LAKE
2698 PERE MARQUETTE LAKE
2699 STRAWBERRY LAKE
MEAN MEAN
TOTAL P DISS P
17
89
94
83
51
63
43
( 6)
< .31)
( 33)
( 29)
( 18)
f 22)
( 15)
17
89
94
86
49
51
34
( 6)
( 31)
( 33)
( 30)
( 17)
( 18)
( 12)
MEAN
INORG N
29
89
97
91
60
71
49
( 10)
( 31)
( 34)
( 32)
( 21)
( 25)
( 17)
500-
MEAN SEC
14
89
97
71
83
49
74
( 5)
( 31)
( 34)
( 25)
( 29)
( 17)
( 26)
— AUU VALUC.3
MEAN
CHLORA
83
91
97
71
51
54
57
( 29)
( 32)
( 34)
( 25)
( 18)
( 19)
( 20)
15-
MIN DO
69
36
57
79
11
66
27
( 24)
( 12)
( 20)
( 26)
( 2)
( 23)
( 9)
INDEX
NO
2^9
483
536
481
305
354
204
-------
APPENDIX B
TRIBUTARY FLOW DATA
-------
LA*E CODE 2651
• THltlUTARK FLOW INFORMATION FUN MICHIGAN
RE MAKUUETTE LAKE
2/3/75
TOTAL DRAINAGE AREA Of LAKE(SO MI) 775.00
SUB-DRAlNAGt
TKlbUTARY AREAfSU Ml)
JAN
FErt
APK
MAY
NORMALIZED FLOWS(CFS)
JUN JUL AUG
SEP
OCT
iMOV
DEC
MEAN
2651A1
2651A2
2651A3
26S12Z
775.00
3B4.00
384.00
7.00
671. OU
200.00
466.00
6.00
663.00
197.00
460.00
6.00
904.00 1032.00
266. uO 307. uO
626.00 716.00
9.00 9.00
800.00
238.00
555.00
7.00
665. OU
198.00
461.00
6.00
518.00
154.00
359.00
5.UO
472. 00
140.00
328.00
4.00
502.00
149.00
349.00
4.00
559.00
166.00
383.00
5.00
662.00
197.00
459.00
6.00
682.00
203.00
473.00
6.00
677.21
201.33
469.79
6.08
SUMMARY
TOTAL
SUM OF
DRAINAGE
AREA OF LAKE =
SU6-ORA1NAGE AREAS =
775.
77S.
00
00
TOTAL FLOW IN =
TOTAL FLOW OUT =
8130.
8130.
00
00
MEAN MONTHLY FLOWS AND DAILY FLOwS(CfS)
TKlHUTARY MONTH YEAR MEAN FLOW DAY
265U1
FLO* DAY
FLOW DAY
FLOW
2651A2
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
72
72
72
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
72
72
72
73
73
73
fj
73
73
73
73
73
589.00
644.00
658.00
1120.00
831.00
1190.00
937.00
946.00
729.00
550.00
472.00
431.00
253.00
277.00
283.00
482.00
357.00
512.00
403.00
407.00
313.00
236.00
203.00
185. UO
26
30
7
4
4
29
13
9
3
b
28
30
7
4
4
29
13
9
6
B
871.00
617.00
926.00
1070.00
1000.00
801.00
114t.OO
764.00
564.00
431.00
374.00
265.00
398.00
460.00
430.00
344.00
492.00
329.00
243.00
185.00
28
22
16
9
28
22
16
9
867.00
638.00
528.00
425.00 30
373.00
274.00
227.00
183.00 30
433.00
186.00
-------
f-LUiv' INFORMATION FOK MICHIGAN
2/3/75
CUUE 2651
MEAN MONTHLY
MONI M
10
1 1
1?
1
Alsiu JA1LY
rtAK
12
73
73
73
73
73
73
7
H
q
10
11
1?
1
2
3
u
5
ft
7
8
g
73
73
73
72
72
72
73
73
7J
73
73
73
73
73
73
rltAN FLOW DAY
6. JO
6. JO
7.UO
11. UO
9.00
1 2 . j 0
9.00
9.UJ
H.jO
*) . ;; o
5.00
b.oO
FLOW
FLOw DAY
FLOii
130.00
361.00
368.00
627. GO
^65.L'0
066. 00
S25.UO
b30.00
nOH.OO
308.00
j f j. • . A
c OH . U U
2^1 .00
28
3o
7
4
4
24
13
S*
6
b
Hbb.Ou
3<+o.Oo
D 1 V . 0 0
bW.OO
bbO.OO
HH9.00
bnl.OO
^28. 00
316.00
2-+i.Ou
2B 4db.OO
22 337.00
lb 2^b.OO
9 23H.OO 30
-------
APPENDIX G
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL DATA
-------
SfUKtT KtLThMEVAL OATt rb/U2/C>4
265101
43 bb 00.0 086 26 uO.O
PERE MAKUUETTE LAKt
2blOb MICHIGAN
DATE fl-Mfc DEPTH
FROM UF
TO DAY FEET
72/05/17 17 52 0000
17 52 uOlo
72/J9/18 12 30 0000
12 30 0004
12 30 OOlb
12 30 0022
72/11/13 11 ^0 0000
11 &0 0004
11 <*0 0016
000 10
*AT£K
CtNT
lb.2
17.7
19. H
18.6
18. 6
6.3
11EPALES
00 3 JO
00
NlG/L
9.4
9.0
1.3
7.5
7.3
9.4
8.8
u 0 0 7 7
TrtANSP
SECCH1
IiviCMEb
J6
00
43
OOU94
CiMOucrvr
FIELD
HICrVOMriO
JbO
360
bbG
b3b
468
650
420
400
40U
b
004UO
Ph
SU
d.lb
8.10
tt.DU
8. DO
8.40
8.20
6.10
6.00
8.00
00410
T ALK
CAC03
Mu/L
147
14b
143
143
144
143
125
126
127
2111202
0016
00630
N02S.NU3
N-TOTAL
MG/L
U.080
0.080
0.100
0.090
0.100
0.100
0.170
0.170
0.180
FEET DEPTH
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.080
0.080
0.110
0.100
0.170
0.140
0.120
0.120
0.120
00665
PHOS-TUT
MG/L P
0.030
O.OSb
0.019
0.02b
0.025
0.027
0.028
0.028
0.027
00666
PHOS-UIS
MG/L P
0.018
0.016
0.016
0.014
0.017
0.015
0.020
0.019
0.020
32?17
DATE TIME DEPTH CHLKPHYL
FROM OF A
TO UAY FEET UG/L
72/ut>/17 17
72/09/lH 12
72/11/13 il
S2 0000
30 0000
40 0000
2u.4J
16. SJ
J VALUE KNOWN TO BE IN ERROR
-------
bTOKET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/02/04
265101
43 a6 30.0 086 27 00.U
KEKE MARUOETTE LAKE
26105 MICHIGAN
DATE
FROM
TO
72/C6/17
72/09/18
72/11/13
TIME
OF
OAY
17
17
17
12
12
12
12
12
12
11
11
11
11
11
24
2<*
24
00
00
00
00
00
00
20
20
20
20
20
DEPTH
FEET
0000
0015
0030
0000
0004
0015
0022
0030
Oi>38
0000
0004
0015
0025
003t.
0 u 0 1 o
WATEK
TEMP
CENT
16.
16.
15.
19.
1M.
18.
18.
Id.
7.
7.
7.
7.
U030U
DO
6
1
5
0
7
6
5
2
0
0
0
0
MG/L
V
7
7
rt
7
7
7
e>
8
a
8
•4
.4
.4
.6
.0
.7
.1
.1
.4
.2
.8
.8
.4
-------
APPENDIX D
TRIBUTARY and WASTEWATER
TREATMENT PLANT DATA
-------
bTOKET KETKlFVAL DATE 75/02/'JH
LS2651A1
tj <+7 00.0 086 27 JO.O
Ptrtt r-UKUUtnt KlVErt
261ui ID LULiliMGTuiM
u/PEPt MrtKUUEHE LAKE
rtA g* SAMPLE Stf EuGt Of- LUUINGTON
11EPMLES 211120*
1 0000 FEET DEPTH
DATE
FP.OM
TO
72/10/28
72/11/30
73/01/07
73/02/04
73/03/0*
73/03/2H
73/0*/29
73/05/13
7 j/06/0^
73/06/22
73/07/08
73/07/16
73/09/09
73/09/30
00630
Tl'MF DEPTH «J'j~f->i\i03 1
OF N-1UTAL
DAY FEET MG/L
17
07
08
08
17
09
10
11
08
09
18
Od
04
00
31
05
*7
15
05
10
00
35
15
10
30
00
0
0
0
•j
•j
0
0
0
V
0
u
0
0
u
.153
.1^5
.360
.231
.231
.070
.10u
. 12u
. 1 >j 5
. 1*0
.126
.Ho
.060
.09D
rtn KJEL
M
MG/L
1
0
1
1
0
0
?
0
0
1
0
J
0
0
.*50
.*80
.*00
.2'JO
.*HO
,*00
.900
.*.?0
.620
. 760
.6vo
.9a.U
.-J*i0
.'»HO
uu6lu Oi't>71 0066D
r
0 .060
0.u3'J
0.035
0.025
0.050
0.0 Ho
0 . 0^)1;
0.0/0
0.055
0.050
o .0 7u
0.0*5
-------
STOP.ET RETRIEVAL Oft.lt 75/02/04
2bblA2
43 4b 00.0 Odb 25 00.0
PcKt MAKUULTTE RIVtR
26 Ib UUJINOTON
1/r-c.Kt MAKUUETTE LAKt
US31 dKOb i> JCT US 31 WITH US
HtPALES 2111204
4 0000 FEET
DATE
FROM
TO
72/10/28
72/11/30
73/01/07
73/02/04
73/03/04
73/03/28
73/04/29
73/05/13
73/06/09
73/06/22
73/07/08
73/07/16
73/09/09
73/09/30
00630 00625
.TIME DEPTrt N02&NOJ TOT KJEL
OF N-TOTAL N
DAY FEET
17
16
08
OH
08
16
09
10
10
08
09
16
08
09
30
20
44
45
10
15
10
20
45
45
30
55
45
15
MO/L
0
0
0
0
0
ij
C
0
0
0
0
0
0
o
.093
.178
.223
.280
.260
.060
.071
.040
.075
.Ob3
.058
.Obb
.220
.061
00610 00671 00665
Nri'j-N PriOS-UlS PHOb-TOT
TOTAL UKTDO
i'46/L Mij
1.
1.
1.
0.
0.
0.
1.
0.
G.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
400
HOO
200
390
540
310
470
720
440
540
440
400
S60
365
0
0
0
0
0
0
c
0
0
0
0
0
u
0
/L
.100
.064
.066
.0.34
.040
.012
.078
.054
.044
.057
.037
.ObO
.198
.040
M'j/L P
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.014
.010
.017
.012
.010
.0 Ib
.017
.016
.032
.035
.019
.020
.016
.012
MG/L P
0.044
0.024
0.061
C.030
0.030
0.020
0.035
0.050
0.0 6b
0.065
O.C55
O.ObO
0.055
0.0 JU
10
DEPTH
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/02/04
2651*3 LS2t>51A3
43 56 oO.O Oa6 25 00.0
HERE MARuUETTE RIVER
26 15 LUOINGTUN
1/PERE MAKUUETTE LAKE
US31 bKDG 2 Ml S JCT US 31 WITH US 10
llEPALt.5 2111204
* 0000 FEET DEPTH
DATE
FROM
TO
72/10/28
72/11/30
73/01/07
73/02/04
73/03/04
73/03/28
73/04/29
73/05/13
73/06/09
73/U6/22
73/07/03
73/07/16
73/09/09
73/09/30
U0630 006?5
TIMh DEPTH N02\N03 TOf KJEL
OF hi-TOTAL N
OAr FEET
17
16
08
08
07
Ib
09
10
10
08
14
16
08
09
?0
CO
00
35
<*3
00
20
30
35
40
20
45
10
14
MG/L
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
u
.10<+
.166
.220
.273
.370
.075
.OB/
.050
.097
.126
.115
.087
,04<+
.091
MG/L
0.
1.
1.
0.
0.
1.
1.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
u .
750
380
320
<+8u
<*8U
800
100
657
500
500
390
260
210
300
Ou610 00671 00665
IMH3-N ^rtOS-OIS PHOS-TOT
TOTAL URTHO
MG/L
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
C.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
05<+
Ob6
o54
0<+2
046
088
0^»4
019
042
031
032
022
042
028
MG/L
0.
o .
0.
0.
0.
0 .
0.
0 .
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
p
010
010
009
012
014
010
021
018
027
026
015
016
030
Oil
MG/L P
0.037
0.021
0.022
0.030
0.045
0.02o
0.045
0.050
0.065
0.050
0.04b
0.035
0.035
0.030
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/02/u4
2651A4 LS2651A4
4J bb 30.0 086 11 00.0
Htrft MARUOETTE
^6 Ib CUSTEK
T/HEKE MARUOEFTE LANE
KOAO OKOb l.b MI E & .75 MIS CUSTER
llEPALtS 21112U4
4 0000 FEET DEPTH
DATE
FROM
TO
72/10/28
72/11/30
73/01/07
73/02/04
73/03/04
73/03/28
73/04/29
73/05/13
73/06/10
73/06/22
73/07/08
73/07/16
73/09/04
73/09/30
0063lf 00625
.TIME DEPTH N02<.N03 TOT KJEL
OF N-TuTAL N
DAY Ft£T
14
18
10
09
10
18
08
10
07
19
13
18
17
19
55
00
45
20
45
00
30
30
45
'00
00
05
00
15
MG/L
0
0
J
0
0
0
u
a
0
0
0
0
0.
0
.054
.083
.130
. I6d
. Ibu
.07M
.035
.0?9
.024
.029
.033
.016
.095
.027
MG/L
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0 .
1.
'tOO
46u
340
210
3uO
180
350
150
370
540
b30
160
270
050
00610 00671 00665
Nn3-iM PrtOb-UIb PHUS-10T
TOTAL OKTHO
M5/L
0.
0 .
0.
u .
0 .
0.
u .
0.
0.
•J.
0.
0.
u.
0.
050
015
027
027
037
018
015
013
012
C2<*
029
030
063
056
MG/L
0.
J.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0 .
p
005K
005K
008
008
008
009
009
005K
007
010
OObK
008
016
007
MG/L P
O.Old
0.012
O.u 15
0.020
0.020
0.020
O.OlU
0.025
0.035
0.030
0.020
0.020
0.025
0.020
K VALUE KNOWN TO BE
LESS THAN INDICATED
-------
STORE! RETRIEVAL. DATE Y5/0?/u4
2651H1 LS2651B1
43 46 00.0 086 11 00.0
bIG S BRNCH PERE MARUUETTE RIVER
26 15 CUSTER
T/HtR£ MARQUEFTE LAKE
RO HRQG 1.5 MI S 2 MI E OF CUbTEK
lltPALES 2111204
4 0000 KEET DEPTH
DATE
FROM
TO
72/10/28
72/11/30
73/01/07
73/02/04
73/03/04
73/03/23
73/04/29
73/05/13
73/06/10
73/06/22
73/07/08
73/07/16
73/09/08
73/09/30
00630 00625
TIME DEPTH NU2MMOJ T01 KJEL
OF hJ-TOTAL N
DAY FEEI
14
18
11
09
10
17
08
10
08
19
13
18
17
19
14
30
09
45
30
45
00
05
00
40
30
50
45
50
MG/L
0
0
u
0
u
u
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.400
.115
.280
.190
.310
.08fa
.056
.040
.096
.100
.07tt
.034
.052
.0?8
MG/L
0.
2.
1.
0.
1.
0.
1.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1.
0.
0.
800
100
150
640
000
420
600
770
580
4HO
680
100
350
840
00610 006H 00665
NH3-N PhOS-UlS PHOS-rOT
TOTAL URTHO
MG/L
0
0
0
J
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
u
0
0
.073
.075
.U75
.083
.189
.016
.069
.025
.016
.014
.031
.042
.040
. I6b
MG/L
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
u.
0.
u.
0.
0.
0.
0.
u .
0 .
p
007
008
010
010
027
009
Oil
006
012
014
006
013
012
008
MG/L P
0.0 34
0..024
0.024
0.030
0.080
0.025
0.025
0.040
0.045
0.040
0.035
0.025
0.025
0.0 2i>
-------
STOKtf KETrtlhvAL UAlt
2col3u P02t>:>l5o
j b7 JO.O 096 26 30.0
POOJ900
26 Ib LUDINGTUN
MArtuUETTE LAKE
MwKuUETTt LAKE
HEPALEb 21tl204
•* 0000 FEtT DEPTH
C/U630
0U610
00671
5oObl
b0053
DATE
TU
73/01/29
CP(T>-
73/01/30
73/02/20
CPU)-
73/02/20
73/03/21
CP (T) -
7 J/ 03/22
7V04/26
CP(T>-
73/04/26
73/y 5/ 25
CP(T)-
73/05/25
73/J6/23
73/07/29
CP(T>-
73/07/29
73/06/27
CP ( T ) -
73/08/27
73/09/25
CP(T)-
73/09/25
73/10/31
CP(T)-
73/10/31
73/1 1/29
CP< n-
73/U/29
73/12/2d
CP < T) -
73/12/28
74/01/22
CP( T)-
7<«/u 1/22
TIME DE^TH N02NN03 Tor" KJEL NI-U-N ^nos-ois PMO^-TOI ^uw CONDUIT
Of- '"4-fOTAL N TuTAt. UKTHO f^ATt. FLOrt-MOO
bAr FEtT MG/L Mb/L MO/L M&/L P Mb/L r> IlvlST MGD MONTHLT
00
2<*
00
24
00
24
00
24
00
24
00
24
00
2<*
00
24
00
24
00
24
00
24
00
2<»
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
03
00
00
oo
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
Oo
00
00
00
00
l.OoO 4.hOU j.u'49 1.200 3.200 2
1.70u 11.000 ^*.bOO 1.1OU 2.000 3
1.6CO ll.^Ou u. 64o 1.300 2.t>00 2
1.42u 11.500 0.163 0.^25 2.500 2
3.2(Jo Ju.")0u -J.47o O.tt60 2. boil 2
2.3i(0 ll.UOw .c.OCO 0.730 ^.000 1
l.OCj 12.1/31 l.ubu 1.1 bo 3.00U 1
1.H2C 13.^u(J 1.2OU 1.^4i; 3.80J 1
1.900 -.200 j.400 1.470 2.700 2
(J.7-4J 9.1+01.' w.560 1.4?'j 2./OJ 2
3.<-'^iJ 13.JJC v.2bu 1.54o 3.500 2
i/. 3 JO 15.3uo i.^oO o.330 7.c>00 2
3.2Jo So.^UJ j.3uo o.lbo 3.150 2
.650
.uoO
.920
.100
.450
.600
.4/v
.580
.710
.610
.640
.8«0
.-ji20
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
2
.930
.690
.870
.470
.490
.160
.630
.040
.170
.940
.580
.460
.410
-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/02/04
00630
DATE TIME DEPTH N026.N03
FROM OF fNi-TOTAL
TO OAY FEET MG/L
73/04/18 08 00
CP(T)-
73/04/18 16 00
0.095
11.Sou
2bbl51 PL)26bl51 P001140
43 b? 00.0 Otib lb 30.0
bCOTVlLLE
26 ib LUUlNtjTuN
T/PLKt. MAKQUtTTE LAKE
PEkE MAHUOETTE RIVEH
11EPALES 2141^04
H 0000 FEET DEPTH
0062S
TOT KJEL
N
MG/L
OublO
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
00671
PMOS-DIS
OKTHO
MG/L P
OObbS
PHOS-TOT
MG/L P
SOObl
FLOv«
RATE
1NST MGU
500b3
CONDUIT
FLOw-MGD
MONTHLY
1.160
3.HOO
------- |