U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION  SURVEY
                         WORKING  PAPER SERIES

                                                REPORT
                                                  ON
                                              SANFORDLAKE
                                             MIDLAND COUNTY
                                               MICHIGAN
                                              EPA REGION V
                                           WORKING PAPER No, 210
           PACIFIC NORTHWEST ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY
                          An Associate Laboratory of the
              NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - CORVALLIS, OREGON
                                   and
       NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER - LAS VEGAS, NEVADA
tJGPO	697-032

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                                    REPORT
                                      ON
                                 SANFORDLAKE
                                MIDLAND COUNTY
                                   MICHIGAN
                                 EPA REGION V
                             WORKING PAPER No, 210
       WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE
MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES
                 AND THE
         MICHIGAN NATIONAL GUARD
             FEBRUARY.. 1975

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                               CONTENTS
                                                           Page
  Foreword                                                  ii
  List of Michigan Study Lakes                              iv
  Lake and Drainage Area Map                                 v

  Sections                      '      .
  I.   Conclusions                                            1
 II.   Lake and Drainage Basin Characteristics                3
III.   Lake Water Quality Summary                             4
 IV.   Nutrient Loadings                   .                   7
  V.   Literature Reviewed              .                     11
 VI.   Appendices                                            12

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                                1i
                         FOREWORD
    The National Eutrophication Survey was Initiated in 1972 in
response to an Administration commitment to investigate the nation-
wide threat of accelerated eutrophlcation to fresh water lakes and
reservoirs.

OBJECTIVES

    The Survey was designed to develop, in conjunction with state
environmental agencies, information on nutrient sources, concentrations,
and impact on selected freshwater lakes as a basis for formulating
comprehensive and coordinated national, regional, and state management
practices relating to point-source discharge reduction and non-point
source pollution abatement in lake watersheds.

ANALYTIC APPROACH

    The mathematical and statistical procedures selected for the
Survey's eutrophication analysis are based on related concepts that:

        a.  A generalized representation or model relating
    sources, concentrations, and impacts can be constructed.

        b.  By applying measurements of relevant parameters
    associated with lake degradation, the generalized model
    can be transformed into an operational representation of
    a lake, its drainage basin, and related nutrients.

        c.  With such a transformation, an assessment of the
    potential for eutrophication control can be made.

LAKE ANALYSIS

    In this report, the first stage of evaluation of lake and water-
shed data collected from the study lake and its drainage basin is
documented.  The report is formatted to provide state environmental
agencies with specific information for basin planning [§303(e)], water
quality criteria/standards review [§303(c)], clean lakes [§314(a,b)],
and water quality monitoring [§106 and §305(b)] activities mandated
by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972.

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                                Ill
    Beyond the single lake analysis, broader based correlations
between nutrient concentrations (and loading) and trophic condi-
tion are being made to advance the rationale and data base for
refinement of nutrient water quality criteria for the Nation's
fresh water lakes.  Likewise, multivariate evaluations for the
relationships between land use, nutrient export, and trophic
condition, by lake class or use, are being developed to assist
in the formulation of planning guidelines and policies by EPA
and to augment plans implementation by the states.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

    The staff of the National Eutrophication Survey (Office of
Research & Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)
expresses sincere appreciation to the Michigan Department of
Natural Resources for professional involvement and to the
Michigan National Guard for conducting the tributary sampling
phase of the Survey.

    A. Gene Gazlay, former Director, and David H. Jenkins, Acting
Director, Michigan Department of Natural Resources; and Carlos
Fetterolf, Chief Environmental Scientist, and Dennis Tierney,
Aquatic Biologist, Bureau of Water Management, Department of Natural
Resources, provided invaluable lake documentation and counsel during
the course of the Survey.  John Vogt, Chief of the Bureau of Environ-
mental Health, Michigan Department of Public Health, and his staff
were most helpful in identfying point sources and soliciting municipal
participation in the Survey.

    Major General Clarence A. Schnipke (Retired), then the Adjutant
General of Michigan, and Project Officer Colonel Albert W. Lesky,
who directed the volunteer efforts of the Michigan National Guardsmen,
are also gratefully acknowledged for their assistance to the Survey.

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LAKE NAME

Allegan Res.
Barton
Belleville
Betsie
Brighton
Caro Res.
Charlevoix
Chemung
Constantine Res,
Crystal
Deer
Ford
Fremont
Higgins
Holloway Res.
Houghton
Jordon
Kent
Long
Macatawa
Manistee
Mona
Muskegon
Pentwater
Pere Marquette
Portage
Randall
Rogers Pond
Ross
St. Louis Res.
Sanford
Strawberry
Thompson
Thornapple
Union
White
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION SURVEY

          STUDY LAKES

       STATE OF MICHIGAN

                            COUNTY
                            Allegan
                            Kalamazoo
                            Wayne
                            Benzie
                            Livingston
                            Tuscola
                            Charlevoix
                            Livingston
                            St.  Joseph
                            Montcalm
                            Marquette
                            Washtenaw
                            Newago
                            Roscommon
                            Genesee, Lapeer
                            Roscommon
                            Ionia,  Barry
                            Oakland
                            St.  Joseph
                            Ottawa
                            Manistee
                            Muskegon
                            Muskegon
                            Oceana
                            Mason
                            Houghton
                            Branch
                            Mecosta
                            Gladwin
                            Gratiot
                            Midland
                            Livingston
                            Livingston
                            Barry
                            Branch
                            Muskegon

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                                                                43-50-
_GLADWIN CO.
 MIDLAND ^0.
        84° 25'
                           Edenville
                                        ^
                                    SANFORD LAKE
                                 ® Tributary Sampling Site
                                 x Lake Sampling  Site
o
                                                     2 Mi .
                                          Scale
                                            Michigan
                                                 Map  Location
                              nford
       84° 20
                                                                 43*45'_
                                                                 43T40'.

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                           SANFORD  LAKE
                          STORE! NO.  2674

I.   CONCLUSIONS
    A.   Trophic Condition:
            On the basis  of Survey  data  and  observations,  it  is  concluded
        that Sanford Lake is eutrophic,  although  it  appears to be  in  a
        better condition  when only  the data  are considered.   Of  the 35
        Michigan lakes sampled in the fall when essentially all  were
        well-mixed, only  four had less mean  total  and dissolved  phos-
        phorus, and only  eight had  less  mean inorganic nitrogen*.
        However, Sanford  Lake has a mean hydraulic retention  time  of
        only nine days, and relatively low nutrient levels are typical
        of such "flow-through" impoundments.  Of the other parameters
        measured, 29 of the study lakes  had  greater Secchi disc  transpar-
        ency and 29 had less mean chlorophyll  a*.
            Survey limnologists reported an  algal  bloom in progress on
        September 20, 1972, and noted that rooted aquatic  vegetation  was
        common in the shallow parts of the lake.
    B.   Rate-Limiting Nutrient:
            Because of a  50% loss of dissolved phosphorus  in  the algal
        assay sample from the time  of collection  to the beginning  of  the
        assay, the results  are not  indicative  of  conditions in the lake
        at the time of sampling.
  See  Appendix  A.

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        The lake data indicate nitrogen limitation in June and Sep-
    tember but phosphorus limitation in November.
C.  Nutrient Controllability:
        There are no known point sources directly impacting Sanford
    Lake.  Nonetheless, during the sampling year,  the lake received
    a total phosphorus load at a rate nearly twice that proposed by
    Vollenweider (in press) as "dangerous"; i.e.,  in excess of a
    eutrophic rate (see page IQ).  Now, Vollenweider's model probably
    is not applicable to a water body with such a short hydraulic
    retention time, and it is likely that the short retention time
    is suppressing the effects of the high nutrient loading rates.

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II.   LAKE AND DRAINAGE  BASIN  CHARACTERISTICS
     A.   Lake Morphometry  :
         1.   Surface  area:  1,250  acres.
         2.   Mean depth:   9.8 feet.
         3.   Maximum  depth:   20+ feet.
         4.   Volume:  12,250  acre  feet.
         5.   Mean hydraulic retention  time:   9  days.
     B.   Tributary and  Outlet:
         (See Appendix  B for  flow  data)
         1.   Tributaries -
             Name                              Drainage  area*  Mean  flow*
             Tittabowassee River                1,012.0  mi2    636.3 cfs
             Minor tributaries  &                          2
              immediate drainage -                 28.0  mi      19.6 cfs
                          Totals                1,040.0  mi2    655.9 cfs
         2.   Outlet -
             Tittabowassee River                1,042.0  mi2**  655.9 cfs
     C.   Precipitation***:
         1.   Year of  sampling:   31.1  inches.
         2.   Mean annual:   29.6 inches.
 t MI Dept.  Cons,  lake inventory map (1951).
 * Drainage  areas  are accurate within ±5%;  mean daily flows  for 74%  of the
   sampling  sites  are accurate within ±25%  and the remaining sites up  to
   ±40%; and mean  monthly flows, normalized mean monthly flows, and  mean
   annual  flows are slightly more accurate  than mean daily flows.
 ** Includes area  of lake.
 *** See Working Paper No.  1, "Survey Methods, 1972".

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III.   LAKE WATER QUALITY SUMMARY
      Sanford Lake, an impoundment of the  Tittabowassee  River, was sampled
  four times during the open-water season  of 1972  by means  of a  pontoon-
  equipped Huey helicopter.   Each time,  samples  for physical and chemical
  parameters were collected  from three stations  on the lake and  from  two
  or  more depths at each station (see map, page  v). During each visit, a
  single depth-integrated (15 feet or near bottom  to surface) sample  was
  composited from the stations for phytoplankton identification  and enumer-
  ation; and during the second visit, a  single five-gallon  depth-integrated
  sample was composited for  algal assays.   Also  each time,  a depth-integrated
  sample was collected from  each of the  stations for chlorophyll ^analyses.
  The maximum depths sampled were 12 feet  at station 1,  20  feet  at station 2,
  and 12 feet at station 3.
      The results obtained are presented in full in Appendix C,  and the
  data for the fall sampling period, when  the lake essentially was well-
  mixed, are summarized below.  Note, however, the Secchi disc summary
  is  based on all  values.
      For differences in the various parameters  at the other sampling
  times, refer to Appendix C.

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        Physical  and chemical  characteristics:

                                        FALL VALUES
        Parameter
        (11/14/72)

Minimum       Mean
Temperature (Cent.)
Dissolved oxygen (mg/1 )
Conductivity (umhos)
pH (units)
Alkalinity (mg/1)
Total P (mg/1)
Dissolved P (mg/1)
N02 + N03 (mg/1)
Ammonia Tmg/1)

Secchi disc (inches)
4.7 4.9
10.2 11.3
410 423
8.0 8.0
161 165
0.013 0.016
0.007 0.008
0.140 0.240
0.060 0.067
ALL VALUES
24 41
Biological characteristics:
1 . Phytoplankton* -
Sampling
Date
09/20/72






11/14/72






Dominant
Genera
1 . Anabaena
2. Dinobryon
3. Flagellates
4. Melosira
5. Cyclotella
Other genera
Total
1. Fragilaria
2. Asterionella
3. Dinobryon
4. Cryptomonas
5 . Synedra
Other genera
                                              Total
Median
Maximum
                                                          41
                                                             Number
                                                             per ml
                             7,233

                               909
                               321
                               298
                                68
                                48
                               126

                             1,770
                                     64
* The June sample was lost in shipment.

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    2.  Chlorophyll a_ -
        (Because of instrumentation problems during the 1972 sampling,
        the following values may be in error by plus or minus 20 percent.)

        Sampling             Station                 Chlorophyll  a.
        Date                 Number                  (ug/1)	

        06/14/72               01                        14.7
                               02                        10.8
                               03                        16.8

        09/17/72               01                        10.6
                               02                         7.8
                               03

        09/20/72               01                        39.4
                               02                        28.4
                               03                        16.3

        11/14/72               01                         3.4
                               02                         1.7
                               03                         1.4

C.  Limiting Nutrient Study:

        There was a loss of about 50% of the dissolved phosphorus in

    the algal assay sample between the time of collection (09/17/72)

    and the beginning of the assay.  Consequently, the results are

    not indicative of conditions in the lake at the time of sampling.

        The lake data indicate a narrow nitrogen limitation in June

    (N/P ratio = 13/1) and September (N/P = 12/1) and phosphorus

    limitation in November (N/P = 38/1).

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IV.   NUTRIENT LOADINGS
     (See Appendix D for data)
     For the determination of nutrient  loadings,  the  Michigan  National
 Guard collected monthly near-surface grab samples  from  each of  the
 tributary sites indicated on the map  (page v),  except for  the high
 runoff months of May, June,  and July,  when two  samples  were collected.
 Sampling began in October, 1972, and was  completed in September,  1973.
     Through an interagency agreement,  stream flow  estimates for the
 year of sampling and a "normalized" or average  year were provided by
 the Michigan District Office of the U.S.  Geological  Survey for  the
 tributary sites nearest the  lake.
     In this report, nutrient loads  for sampled  tributaries were deter-
 mined by using a modification  of a  U.S.  Geological Survey  computer
 program for calculating stream loadings*.  Nutrient loadings  for  unsam-
 pled "minor tributaries and  immediate  drainage" ("II" of U.S.G.S) were
                                                 2
 estimated by using the nutrient loads, in Ibs/mi /year, at station A-2
                                    2
 and multiplying by the II area in mi  .
     The only known point source of  nutrients upstream from Sanford Lake,
 and within the 25-mile limit of the Survey*, is  the  Village of  Beaverton
 discharging to the Tobacco River.  However, the Tobacco River arm of
 Wixom Reservoir intervenes and is a nutrient trap.  Therefore,  the Michigan
 Department of Natural  Resources does not  consider  Beaverton to  be a point
 source impacting Sanford  Lake.
 * See  Working Paper No.  1.

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                                 8
    A.  Waste Sources:
        1.  Known municipal - None
        2.  Known industrial - None
    B.  Annual Total Phosphorus Loading - Average Year:
        1.  Inputs -
                                              Ibs P/         % of
            Source                            yr	         total
            a.  Tributaries (non-point load) -
                Tittabowassee River           42,260          96.7
            b.  Minor tributaries & immediate
                 drainage  (non-point load) -   1,180           2.7
            c.  Known municipal STP's - None
            d.  Septic tanks* -                   80           0.2
            e.  Known industrial - None
            f.  Direct precipitation** -         200           0.4
                         Total                43,720         100.0
        2.  Outputs -
            Lake outlet - Tittabowassee River 45,510
        3.  Net annual P loss - 1,790 pounds
* Estimated 120 shoreline dwellings; see Working Paper No. 1.
** See Working Paper No. 1.

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    C.  Annual Total Nitrogen Loading - Average Year:
        1.  Inputs -
                                              Ibs N/         % of
            Source                            yr             total
            a.  Tributaries (non-point load) -
                Tittabowassee River          1,519,520        96.4
            b.  Minor tributaries & immediate
                 drainage (non-point load) -    42,060         2.7
            c.  Known municipal STP's - None
            d.  Septic tanks* -                  2,820         0.2
            e.  Known industrial - None
            f.  Direct precipitation** -        12.040         0.7
                         Total               1,576,440       100.0
        2.  Outputs -
            Lake outlet - Tittabowassee
             River                           1,569,040
        3.  Net annual N accumulation - 7,400 pounds
* Estimated 120 shoreline dwellings; see Working Paper No. 1.
** See Working Paper No. 1.

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                               10
  D.  Mean Annual Non-point Nutrient Export by Subdrainage Area:
                                                   '2              2
      Tributary                             Ibs P/mi  /yr   Ibs N/mi /yr
      Tittabowassee River                         42          1,502
  E.  Yearly Loading Rates:
          In the following table, the existing phosphorus loading
      rates are compared to those proposed by Vollenweider (in press).
      Essentially, his "dangerous" rate is the rate at which the
      receiving waters would become eutrophic or remain eutrophic;
      his "permissible" rate is that which would result in the
      receiving water remaining oligotrophic or becoming oligo-
      trophic if morphometry permitted.  A mesotrophic rate would
      be considered one between "dangerous" and "permissible".
          Note that Vollenweider's model may not be applicable to
      water bodies with very short hydraulic retention times.
                                 Total Phosphorus       Total Nitrogen
      Uni ts	Total   Accumulated    Total   Accumulated
      Ibs/acre/yr              35.0      loss*       1,261.2      5.9
      grams/m2/yr               3.92        -          141.4      0.7
      Vollenweider loading rates for phosphorus
       (g/m2/yr) based on mean depth and mean
      hydraulic retention time of Sanford Lake:
          "Dangerous"  (eutrophic rate)       2.00
          "Permissible"  (oligotrophic rate)  1.00

The apparent loss of phosphorus during the sampling year is probably
the result of too few samples in relation to the very short hydraulic
retention time.

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                                 11
V.  LITERATURE REVIEWED

    Vollenweider, Richard A. (in press).  Input-output models.  Schweiz.
        Z. Hydrol.

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VI.  APPENDICES
                            APPENDIX A
                           LAKE RANKINGS

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LAKE DATA TO BE USED IN RANKINGS

LAKE
CODE  LAKE NAME
26AO  HOLLOWAY RESERVOIR
2&Ai  CARO RESERVOIR
26A2  BOAHDMAN HYDRO POND
2603  ALLEGAN LAKE
2606  BARTON LAKE
2609  BELLEVILLE LAKE
2610  BETSIE LAKE
2613  BRIGHTON LAKE
2617  LAKE CHARLEVOIX
2618  LAKE CHEMUNG
2621  CONSIANTINE RESERVOIR
2629  FORD LAKE
2631  FREMONT LAKE
26
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LAKE DATA TO BE USEO IN RANKINGS
LAKE
CODE  LAKE NAME

2693  ST LOUIS RESERVOIR

2694  CRYSTAL LAKE

2695  HIGGINS LAKE

2696  HOUGHTON LAKE

2697  THOMPSON LAKE

2698  PERE MARQUETTE LAKE

2699  STRAWBERRY LAKE
MEAN
TOTAL P
0.134
0.009
0.007
0.018
0.043
0.032
0.069
-rALL VALUtS-
MEAN
DISS P
0.093
0.006
0.005
0.008
0.029
0.024
O.ObO
MEAN
INORG N
1.227
0.164
O.OS8
0.136
0.436
0.346
0.567
500-
MEAN SEC
462.667
380.000
268.500
420.833
407.889
448.667
419.800
MEAN
CHLOHA
5.5B3
2.986
1.043
9.217
11.967
11.833
11.117
15-
MIN 00'
8.420
13.000
9.400
8.200
14.800
8.600
13.600

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PERCENT OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES (NUMBER OF LAKES KITH HIGHER VALUES)
LAKE
CODE  LAKE NAME
26AO  HOLLOWAY RESERVOIR
26A1  CARO RESERVOIR
26A2  BOAROMAN HYDRO POND
2603  ALLEGAN LAKE
2606  BARTON LAKE
2609  BtLLEVILLE LAKE
2610  BETSIE LAKE
?613  BRIGHTON LAKE
2617  LAKE CHAHLEVOIX
2618  LAKE CHEHUNG
2621  CONSTANTINE RESERVOIR
2629  FORD LAKE
2631  FREMONT LAKE
2640  JORDAN LAKE
2643  KENT LAKE
2648  LAKE MACATAWA
26*9  MANISTEE LAKE
2659  MUSKEGON LAKE
2665  PENTHATER LAKE
2671  RANDALL LAKE
2672  ROGERS POND
2673  ROSS RESERVOIR
2674  SANFORO LAKE
2683  TMORNAPPLE LAKE
26HS  UNION LAKE
26BB  WHITE LAKE
2691  MONA LAKE
2692  LONG LAKE
MEAN MEAN
TOTAL P OISS P
46
29
97
20
23
26
77
31
91
49
71
34
0
11
57
9
80
37
69
6
74
60
86
54
40
66
3
14
( 16)
( 10)
I 34)
1 7)
I 8)
( 9)
( 27)
( 11)
( 32)
( 17)
( 25)
( 12)
( 0)
( 4)
I 20)
( 3)
( 28)
( 13)
( 24)
( 2>
( 26)
( 21)
I 30)
( 19)
I 14)
( 23)
( 1)
( 5)
43
S4
97
31
20
37
77
23
91
71
83
29
0
11
69
14
74
10
63
6
66
57
80
46
26
60
3
9
( 151
< 19)
( 34)
( 11)
( 7)
I 13)
< 27)
( 8)
( 32)
( 25)
( 29)
( 10)
( 0)
( 4)
( 24)
( 5)
( 26)
( 14)
I 22)
( 2)
( 23)
( 20)
( 28)
( 16)
I 9)
( 21)
< 1)
I 3)
MEAN
INOR& N
17
0
69
31
14
20
80
34
83
94
40
11
23
6
63
3
77
54
51
43
86
57
Tt
9
26
66
37
46
I 6)
( 0)
( 24)
( 11)
I 5)
< 7)
( 28)
( 12)
( 29)
( 33)
( 14)
( 4)
< 8)
I 2)
( 22)
( 1)
( 27)
( 19)
I 18)
( 15)
( 30)
I 20)
( 26)
( 3)
( 9)
( 23)
( 13)
( 16)
500-
MEAN SEC
57
3
91
6
29
11
17
34
94
86
29
29
54
69
40
0
46
60
66
23
63
9
20
51
37
80
43
77
I 20)
( 1)
(32)
1 2)
I 9)
( 4)
( 61
( 12)
( 33)
I 30)
I 9)
( 9)
1 19)
( 24)
( 14)
1 0)
( 16)
I 21)
< 23)
( 8)
1 22)
( 3)
( 7)
I 18)
1 13)
I 28)
I 15)
< 27)
— ALL VALUES 	
MEAN 15-
CHLORA MIN DO
60 I
49 I
94 (
29 (
14 (
11 (
86 I
0 <
89 (
46 (
3 <
37 (
9 (
26 (
6 (
23 <
80 (
69 (
31 (
20 (
77 (
63 I
43 (
40 (
34 (
74 (
17 (
66 (
21)
17)
33)
10)
5)
4)
30)
0)
31)
16)
1)
13)
3)
9)
2)
8)
28)
24)
11)
7)
27)
22)
15)
14)
12)
26)
6)
23)
63
54
97
40
3
79
94
90
60
11
90
23
11
0
36
43
46
11
11
86
51
79
71
49
79
31
20
27
I 22)
( 19)
( 34)
( 14)
( 1)
C*6)
( 33)
( 31)
( 21)
( 2)
( 3D
( 8)
( 2)
( 0)
( 12)
( 15)
( 16)
( 2)
( 2)
( 30)
( 18)
I 26)
( 25)
( 17)
( 26)
( 11)
( 7)
( 9)
INDEX
NO
2B6
189
545
157
103
184
431
212
SOB
357
316
163
97
123 •
271
92
403
271
291
184
417
325
374
249
242
377
1
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PERCENT OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES (NUMBER OF LAKES WITH HIGHER VALUES)
LAKE
CODE  LAKE NAME

3693  ST LOUIS RESERVOIR

2694  CRYSTAL LAKE

2695  HIGGINS LAKE

3696  HOUGHTON LAKE

2697  THOMPSON LAKE

2698  PERE MAROUETTE LAKE

2699  STRAWBERRY LAKE
MEAN MEAN
TOTAL P OISS P
17
89
94
83
51
63
43
( 6)
(. 31)
( 33)
( 29)
( 18)
( 22)
( 15)
17
89
94
06
49
51
34
( 6)
( 31)
( 33)
( 30)
( 17)
( 18)
( 12)
MEAN
INORG N
29
89
97
91
60
71
49
( 10)
( 31)
( 34)
( 32)
( 21)
( 25)
( 17)
bOO-
MtAN SEC
14
89
97
71
83
49
74
( b)
( 31)
( 34)
( 25)
( 29)
( 17)
( 26)
MEAN 15-
CHLORA MIN DO
83
91
97
71
51
54
57
( 29)
( 32)
( 34)
( 25)
( 18)
( 19)
( 20)
69
36
57
79
11
66
27
( 24)
< 12)
I 20)
( 26)
( 2)
( 23)
< 9)
INDEX
NO
2
-------
     APPENDIX B
TRIBUTARY FLOW DATA

-------
                                    TKIdUTAKY  FLOW  INFORMATION FOK MIChlljAN
                                                                                           2/3/75
LAKE CODE 2674
                   bANFORD LAKE
     TOTAL DRAIM4GE A*EA Of LAKtISCI --1
          SUH-DRAINAGL
TRIBUTARY  AREA ISO HI)
                          JAN
                                  FEd
                                          1042.00
                                           MAR
267fAl     1042.00     515.00  641.00  1571.00
2674A2     1012.00     500.00  622.00  1524.00
2674ZZ       30.00       15.00    19.00   47.uu
                        TOTAL DRAINAGE  AHEA  UF  LAKE  =
                        SUM UF SUri-DHAINAGE  AREAS

     MEAN MONTHLY FLOWS AND UAILY FLOWS(CFS)

TRIBUTARY   MONTH   YEAR    MtAN FLOW   CAY

2674A1
APR
1475.
1431.
44.
00
00
00
MAY
893.00
866.00
27.00
NORMAL
JUN
600.00
582.00
18.00
1ZEO FLOWS(CFS)
JUL AUb
304.00
295.00
9.00
229.
222.
7.
00
00
00
SEH
277.
269.
8.
00
00
00
ocr
372.00
361.00
11.00
NOV DEC
510.00 490.00
495.00 475.00
15.00 15.00
MEAN
655.90
636.33
19.57
SUMMARY
LAKE
EAS
=
1042.00
1042.00


TOTAL
TOTAL
FLOW IN =
FLOW OUT =
7877.
7877.
00
00

267<.A2
FLOW  DAY
                  FLOW
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
ft
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
?
3
<»
5
6
7
8
9
72
72
72
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
72
72
72
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
73
72
72
Id
73
73
73
73
73
7J
73
73
73
606.UO
79H.CO
573.00
1970.00
768.00
2720.00
1500.00
1520. CO
1080. 00
316.00
334.00
214.00
588.00
775.00
b56.00
1910.00
/46.00
2640.00
l^bft.OC
1479.00
1048.00
307.00
324.00
208.00
18. CO
23.^0
17.00
oG. i' u
22.00
80.00
44. UO
41. OJ
32.00
9.00
10.00
6.30
29

2
6
2
3
7
2
4
23
2ft
28
29

2
b
2
3
7
2
i>
23
23
28












860.00

t4o.OO
1750.00
1230.00
768.00
1753.00
2397.00 10
2072.00 18
245.00 28
228.00
267.00
835.00

427.00
1700.00
1190.00
746.00
1702.00
2327.00 lu
2012.00 18
238.00 28
221.00
260.00



















2281.00
551.00
391.00









2215.00
535.00
380.00















-------
        APPENDIX C
PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL DATA

-------
STORET RETRIEVAL DATE
                                                                  2674U1
                                                                 43 41 00.0 084 22 30.0
                                                                 SANFORU LAKE
                                                                 26      MICHIGAN
  DATE   TIME DEPTH
  FROM    OF
   TO    DAY  FEET
72/06/14 15
         15
72/09/17 15
         15
         15
72/09/20 11
         11
         11
72/11/14 16
         16
         16
55 0000
55 0010
22 0000
22 0004
22 0012
00 0000
00 0004
00 0012
30 0000
30 0004
30 0011
 000 10
WATER
 TEMP
 CENT

   21.4
   20.5

   21.4
   20.4

   20.2
   20.1

    5.1
    5.1
11EPALES

OOJOO
DO

MG/L
3.0
7.9

12.2
9.3

8.2
7.7

11.2
11.2

001)77
TKftNSP
SECCHI
INCHES
64

24


40


44



OOO^t
CNDUCTVY
FIELO
MICROMHO
390
390
326
330
34u
420
420
420
420
420
420
5
00400
Pri

SO
8.15
8.10
6.88
8.80
8.55
8.15
8.10
8.03
8.00
8.10
3.10

00410
T ALK
CAC03
MG/L
138
138
143
136
136
131
130
131
Ibl
161
161
2111202
0015
00630
N02&N03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
0.090
0.100
0.040
0.040
0.050
0.030
0.040
0.030
0.280
0.280
0.280
FEET DEPTH
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.050
0.160
0.060
0.050
0.060
0.060
0.060
0.060
0.070
0.060
0.060
00665
PHOS-TOT

MG/L P
0.022
0.017
0.022
0.041
0.022
0.021
0.033
0.021
0.018
0.018
0.013
0066»
PHOS-OIS

MG/L P
0.014
0.010
0.009
0.014
0.010
0.011
0.012
0.010
0.008
0.008
0.007
                      32217
  DATE   TIME DEPTH CHLRPHYU
  FROM    OF           A
   TO    DAY  FEET    UG/L

72/06/14 15 55 0000     14.7J
72/09/17 15 22 0000     10.oJ
72/09/20 11 00 0000     39.4J
72/11/14 16 30 0000      3.4J
               J   VALUE  KNOWN  TO  BE  IN  ERROR

-------
STOREf KtFklbVAL LtAfE  7-j/C?/j4
                                                                    207402
                                                                   43 42 00.0 084 23 00.0
                                                                   bA'MI-OKij LAI\E
                                                                  .26      MICHIGAN
DATE
FROM
TO
72/06/14

72/09/17


72/09/20



72/11/14



OGolu
TIME DEPTH WATER
OF TEMP
DAY FEET
16
16
15
15
15
10
10
10
10
16
16
16
16
25
25
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
15
15
15
15
0000
0010
oojo
0004
0010
0000
0004
0015
0020
0000
0004
0015
0020
CE'MT
20.
.?o .

21.
20.

20.
19.
19.

4.
4.
4.

ti
1

t>
4

J
9
9

9
9
9
•Ji)300
no
Mb/L
8.4
7.2

9.3
v.O

7.9
7.3
6.7

11.4
1 j .2
12.4
                                           o 0077
                                          SECCHI
                                          INCHES
                                               51

                                               34
                                               41
CiMDUCl VY
FIELD
MlCKOMnO

     34u
     390
     340
     34u
     340
     425
     420
     420
     420
     410
     420
     430
     420
lltPALtb
5
00400
HH

su
6.05
B. Ib
8.t>0
8.50
8.50
/.95
7.9o
7.95
7.65
e.OO
8.00
8.00
6.00

00410
T ALK
CAC03
MG/L
143
143
130
129
131
134
132
132
131
163
165
167
167
2111202
0014
00630
N02&N03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
0.090
0.080
0.060
0.060
0.080
0.050
0.050
0.060
0.060
0.260
0.260
0.260
0.260
FEET DEPTH
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.060
0.080
0.070
0.060
0.100
0.070
0.060
0.080
0.070
0.070
0.080
0.070
0.070
00665
PHOS-TOT

MG/L P
0.014
0.022
0.015
0.019
0.012
0.023
0.027
0.023
0.022
0.014
0.018
0.016
0.016
00666
PHOS-DIS

MG/L P
0.012
0.014
0.010
0.011
0.009
0.011
0.013
0.010
0.010
0.009
0.007
0.008
0.007
                       32217
  DATE   TIME Dt^TH  CHLKPHYL
  FROM    OF            A
   TO    DAY  FEET     JG/L

72/1,6/14 16 VS 0000      IC.^J
72/09/17 15 40 0000       7.8J
72/09/20 10 40 0000      38.rfj
72/11/14 16 15 0000       1.7j
           J   VALUE  KNOWN TO BE IN ERROR

-------
STORE! RETRIEVAL DATt  7b/02/j4
                                                                   267403
                                                                  43 43 42.0 084 23 30.0
                                                                  :> AFFORDLAKE
                                                                  do      MICHIGAN
  DATE   TIME DEPTH
  FROM    Oh
   TO    DAY  FEET

72/06/14 16 55 0000
72/09/17 16 05 0000
         16 05 0004
         16 05 0009
72/09/20 10 20 0000
         10 20 0004
         10 20 0012
72/11/14 16 00 0000
         16 00 0004
                      TEMP
                      CENT
                        20.8

                        21. j
                        20 . 3

                        20.1
                        20.0

                         4.7
OC30u     Oo077     00094
 DO      IKANSP   CiNiDucrvr
         bECCHI   fiELO
MG/L     luCHtb   MiC^OMHO
   8.4
   8.0
              40
                                  11.4
J60
360

440
43U
44'J
430
11EPALES
3
0040U
PH

bU
tt.lo
b.3u
6.30
8. 27
7.90
7.90
7.65
8.00
B.OO

00410
T ALK
CAC03
Mu/L
155
144
144
141
144
142
143
172
172
2111202
0007
00630
N02&N03
N-TOTAL
MG/L
0.050
0.110
0.110
0.120
0.100
0.100
0.090
0.140
0.140
FEET DEPTH
00610
NH3-N
TOTAL
MG/L
0.050
0.070
0.060
0.070
0.070
0.060
0.060
0.060
0.060
00665
PHOS-TOT

MG/L P
0.018
0.016
0.014
0.017
0.021
0.025
0.023
0.015
0.014
00666
PHOS-DIS

MG/L P
0.009
0.010
0.009
0.010
0.011
0.011
0.012
0.007
0.009
  DATE   TIME DEPTH
  FROM    OF'
   TO    DAf  FEET

72/06/14 lb 55 0000
72/09/20 10 20 0000
72/11/14 16 00 0000
                      32217
                       A
                      U'j/L
                         16. «J
                         16. JJ
                          1.4.J
           J  VALUE KNOWN TO HE  IN ER*OR

-------
  APPENDIX D
TRIBUTARY DATA

-------
bTORET RETRIEVAL DATE 75/02/04
 2674A1
43 40 30.0 OH4
T IT TAHOWASSEE
2b      is SANI-OKU
0/SANFOKU LAKE
US 10
llhPALES
                                                                                  LS2674A1
                                                                                23 30.0
                                                                                       2111204
                                                                                     0000 FEET
                               DEPTH
DATE
FKOM
TO
72/12/02
73/01/06
73/02/02
73/03/03
73/04/07
73/05/02
73/05/10
73/06/04
73/06/18
73/07/23
73/07/28
73/0«/2ti
73/09/2H
00630 0062b
TIME DEPTH N02&N03 TOT KJEL
OF N-TOTAL N
UAV FEET
u6
09
16
09
09
16
17
14
U9
16
U9
U9
09
00
00
30
30
00
10
40
00
20
40
00
00
00
MG/L
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
\J
0
a
0
.270
.460
.380
.290
.273
.340
.176
.336
.011
.010*
.Ul4
.010K
.010K
MG/L
0
0
2
0
2
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
.630
.570
.100
.«40
.000
.150
.720
.bBO
.900
.670
.760
.520
.580
v,v;6jO 00671 00665
UM3-N PriOS-uiS PhOS-IOF
TOT^L OKTHO
MG/L
0.
(j .
J .
0 .
0.
0.
0.
J.
u .
U.
(1.
•J.
0.
015
042
135
063
072
023
012
094
07'J
020
014
012
039
MG/i_
0.
0.
0.
0.
u.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
p
005*
010
u!3
012
009
016
005K
020
006
OOSK
OU5K
005K
OOH
MG/L P
O.U21
0.028
U.040
0.025
0.030
0.055
u.035
u.055
O.u35
0 .035
0.035
0.030
0.030
    K VALUL *MOWN TO BE
    LESS THAN INDICATED

-------
STOKET RETRIEVAL DATL 75/G2/U4
                                                                  2674A2          LS2674A2
                                                                 43 4b 00.0 084 23 30.0
                                                                 TITTAdOWASSEE RIVEK
                                                                 26      MIDLAND CO
                                                                 I/SANFortD LAKE (KESVK)
                                                                 COrtTiS KO brtOG
                                                                 HLPALtS             2111204
                                                                 H                   0000 FEET  DEPTH
DATE
FROM
TO
72/10/29
72/12/02
7J/01/06
73/02/02
73/03/03
73/04/07
73/05/02
73/05/10
73/00/04
73/06/18
73/07/23
73/07/28
73/08/28
73/09/28
U0630 00625
TIME DbPTri N02t*N03 TOT KJUL
OF N-TOTAL N
DAY FEET
09
09
09
17
10
09
16
17
12
09
17
09
09
09
2b
30
30
00
00
30
35
30
00
05
10
30
30
30
MO/L
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
.220
.238
.460
.330
.340
.231
.340
.440
.357
.011
.010K
.012
.010K
.010*
MG/L
1.
1.
1.
1.
0.
0.
1.
0.
0.
(j.
1.
0.
0.
0.
400
000
130
?60
560
960
700
600
t>9U
830
050
750
480
480
00610 00671 00665
NH3-N PHOS-OIS PHOi-101
IOIAL ORTHO
MG/L
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0 .
u.
u.
C.
u.
0 .
u .
0.
0.
160
046
132
096
072
048
031
024
060
033
020
012
007
060
MG/L
0.
0 .
0.
0.
0.
0.
u.
0.
0.
0.
0 .
0.
0.
0.
p
009
007
017
013
012
006
017
005K
019
007
005K
OOSK
005K
008
MG/L P
0.031
0.020
0.038
0.035
0.025
0.025
0.070
0.030
0.045
0.03-5
0.040
0.025
0.025
0.025
  K VALUE KNOWN TO ue
  LESS THAN INDICATED

-------